FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Lazio, JW Kimball, A Barger, AJ Brandt, WN Chatterjee, S Clarke, TE Condon, JJ Dickman, RL Hunyh, MT Jarvis, MJ Juric, M Kassim, NE Myers, ST Nissanke, S Osten, R Zauderer, BA AF Lazio, Joseph W. Kimball, A. Barger, A. J. Brandt, W. N. Chatterjee, S. Clarke, T. E. Condon, J. J. Dickman, Robert L. Hunyh, M. T. Jarvis, Matt J. Juric, Mario Kassim, N. E. Myers, S. T. Nissanke, Samaya Osten, Rachel Zauderer, B. A. TI Radio Astronomy in LSST Era SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID RAY BURST AFTERGLOWS; NEUTRON-STARS; X-RAY; SUPER-NOVAE; HOST GALAXY; SKY; SAMPLE; EMISSION; CLASSIFICATION; SIMULATION C1 [Lazio, Joseph W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Kimball, A.; Condon, J. J.; Dickman, Robert L.; Myers, S. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Kimball, A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Barger, A. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chatterjee, S.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Clarke, T. E.; Kassim, N. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Hunyh, M. T.] Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA, Australia. [Jarvis, Matt J.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Jarvis, Matt J.] Univ Western Cape, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Nissanke, Samaya] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Osten, Rachel] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zauderer, B. A.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lazio, JW (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Brandt, William/N-2844-2015 OI Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453 FU 6.1 Base funding FX We thank the National Radio Astronomy Observatory staff who provided logistical support for this workshop, particularly K. Ransom and C. Hunsinger. We thank K. Kellermann and L. Walkowicz for helpful discussions. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 Base funding. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Manuscript (C) 2013. All rights reserved. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 126 IS 936 BP 196 EP 209 DI 10.1086/675262 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AB8ED UT WOS:000332022000007 ER PT J AU McCarthy, T AF McCarthy, Tom TI GREAT ASPIRATIONS: The Postwar American College Counseling Center SO HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE college counseling centers; counseling psychology; vocational psychology; psychotherapy; Veterans Administration ID PSYCHOLOGY; HISTORY; POINT; TRAIT; VIEW AB In the decade after World War II, psychologists, eager to bring the benefits of counseling to larger numbers, convinced hundreds of American colleges and universities to establish counseling centers. Inspired by the educational-vocational counseling center founded by psychologists at the University of Minnesota in 1932, Carl R. Rogers's "client-centered" methods of personal adjustment counseling, and the 400-plus college counseling centers created by the Veterans Administration to provide the educational-vocational counseling benefit promised to returning World War II servicemen under the 1944 GI Bill, these counseling psychologists created a new place to practice where important currents in psychology, higher education, and federal policy converged and where they attempted to integrate educational-vocational counseling with personal adjustment counseling based on techniques from psychotherapy. By the mid-1960s, half of America's colleges and universities had established counseling centers, and more than 90% offered students educational, vocational, and psychological counseling services, a great achievement of the first generation of counseling psychologists. C1 [McCarthy, Tom] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP McCarthy, T (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Hist, 107 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM mccarthy@usna.edu NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION-AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1093-4510 EI 1939-0610 J9 HIST PSYCHOL JI Hist. Psychol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 17 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1037/a0035671 PG 18 WC History Of Social Sciences; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology GA AB6AK UT WOS:000331869600001 PM 24548068 ER PT J AU Bluestein, HB Houser, JB French, MM Snyder, JC Emmitt, GD PopStefanija, I Baldi, C Bluth, RT AF Bluestein, Howard B. Houser, Jana B. French, Michael M. Snyder, Jeffrey C. Emmitt, George D. PopStefanija, Ivan Baldi, Chad Bluth, Robert T. TI Observations of the Boundary Layer near Tornadoes and in Supercells Using a Mobile, Collocated, Pulsed Doppler Lidar and Radar SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lidars/Lidar observations; Radars/Radar observations ID HIGH-RESOLUTION; SURFACE-ANALYSIS; VELOCITY ERROR; VORTEX; EVOLUTION; FLOWS; PROFILES; TERRAIN; DRYLINE; KANSAS AB During the Second Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX2), in the spring of 2010, a mobile and pulsed Doppler lidar system [the Truck-Mounted Wind Observing Lidar Facility (TWOLF)] mounted on a truck along with a mobile, phased-array, X-band Doppler radar system [Mobile Weather Radar-2005 X-band, phased array (MWR-05XP)] was used to complement Doppler velocity coverage in clear air near the radar-lidar facility and to provide high-spatial-resolution vertical cross sections of the Doppler wind field in the clear-air boundary layer near and in supercells. It is thought that the magnitude and direction of vertical shear and possibly the orientation and spacing of rolls in the boundary layer have significant effects on both supercell and tornado behavior; MWR-05XP and TWOLF can provide data that can be used to measure vertical shear and detect rolls. However, there are very few detailed, time-dependent and spatially varying observations throughout the depth of the boundary layer of supercells and tornadoes. This paper discusses lidar and radar data collected in or near six supercells. Features seen by the lidar included gust fronts, horizontal convective rolls, and small-scale vortices. The lidar proved useful at detecting high-spatial-resolution, clear-air returns at close range, where the radar was incapable of doing so, thus providing a more complete picture of the boundary layer environment ahead of supercells. The lidar was especially useful in areas where there was ground-clutter contamination. When there was precipitation and probably insects, and beyond the range of the lidar, where there was no ground-clutter contamination, the radar was the more useful instrument. Suggestions are made for improving the system and its use in studying the tornado boundary layer. C1 [Bluestein, Howard B.; Houser, Jana B.; French, Michael M.; Snyder, Jeffrey C.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA. [Emmitt, George D.] Simpson Weather Associates, Charlottesville, VA USA. [PopStefanija, Ivan; Baldi, Chad] ProSensing Inc, Amherst, MA USA. [Bluth, Robert T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Bluestein, HB (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 5900, Norman, OK 73072 USA. EM hblue@ou.edu FU NSF [ATM-0934307]; Navy SBIR program at the Office of Naval Research FX This study was supported by NSF Grant ATM-0934307 to the University of Oklahoma and contracts to ProSensing and Simpson Weather Associates from the Navy SBIR program at the Office of Naval Research. Paul Buczynski (NPS) provided support for MWR-05XP. Mark Laufersweiler (OU) provided computer support. Nick Engerer provided support in the scout vehicle. Anonymous reviewers provided very helpful suggestions and very useful information on aspects of the latest lidar technology. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 31 IS 2 BP 302 EP 325 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00112.1 PG 24 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AA3XX UT WOS:000331029600004 ER PT J AU Landon, KC Wilson, GW Ozkan-Haller, HT MacMahan, JH AF Landon, Kyle C. Wilson, Greg W. Oezkan-Haller, H. Tuba MacMahan, Jamie H. TI Bathymetry Estimation Using Drifter-Based Velocity Measurements on the Kootenai River, Idaho SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Channel flows; Data assimilation ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; DATA ASSIMILATION; LAGRANGIAN DATA; MODEL; SYSTEM AB Velocity measurements from drifter GPS records are used in an ensemble-based data assimilation technique to extract the river bathymetry. The method is tested on a deep meandering reach and a shallow braided reach of the Kootenai River in Idaho. The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) is used to model numerous statistically varied bathymetries to create an ensemble of hydrodynamic states. These states, the drifter observations, and the uncertainty of each are combined to form a cost function that is minimized to produce an estimated velocity field and bathymetry. The goals of this study are to assess whether ROMS can accurately reproduce the Kootenai River flow to an extent that depth estimation is feasible, to investigate if drifter paths are sensitive enough to bottom topography to make depth estimation possible, and to establish practical limitations of the present methodology. At both test sites, the depth estimation method produced a bathymetry that was more accurate than the prior estimate. C1 [Landon, Kyle C.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Civil & Construct Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wilson, Greg W.; Oezkan-Haller, H. Tuba] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [MacMahan, Jamie H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA. RP Wilson, GW (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, 1355 Oxford St,POB 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM greg.wilson@dal.ca FU Office of Naval Research [N000140710852, N0001410WX21049, N000141010932] FX We wish to thank the Kootenai River field crew, Ed Thornton, Ad Reniers, Jenna Brown, William Swick, and the USGS, for their work in collecting the observational data used here. This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grants N000140710852, N0001410WX21049, and N000141010932. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0739-0572 EI 1520-0426 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 31 IS 2 BP 503 EP 514 DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00123.1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AA3XX UT WOS:000331029600017 ER PT J AU Yuan, DL Zhang, ZC Chu, PC Dewar, WK AF Yuan, Dongliang Zhang, Zhichun Chu, Peter C. Dewar, William K. TI Geostrophic Circulation in the Tropical North Pacific Ocean Based on Argo Profiles SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Ocean dynamics; Circulation/Dynamics; Nonlinear dynamics; Ocean circulation; Transport ID EQUATORIAL UNDERCURRENT JETS; SVERDRUP BALANCE; ABSOLUTE VELOCITY; ATLANTIC; SEA; 24-DEGREES-N; TRANSPORTS; ACCOUNT; SURFACE AB Absolute geostrophic currents in the North Pacific Ocean are calculated from the newly gridded Argo profiling float data using the P-vector method for the period of 2004-11. The zonal geostrophic currents based on the Argo profile data are found to be stronger than those based on the traditional World Ocean Atlas 2009 (WOA09) data. A westward mean geostrophic flow underneath the North Equatorial Countercurrent is identified using the Argo data, which is evidenced by sporadic direct current measurements and geostrophic calculations in history. This current originates east of the date line and transports more than 4 x 10(6) m(3) s(-1) of water westward in the subsurface northwestern tropical Pacific Ocean. The authors name this current the North Equatorial Subsurface Current. The transport in the geostrophic currents is compared with the Sverdrup theory and found to differ significantly in several locations. Analyses have shown that errors of wind stress estimation cannot account for all of the differences. The largest differences are found in the area immediately north and south of the bifurcation latitude of the North Equatorial Current west of the date line and in the recirculation area of the Kuroshio and its extension, where nonlinear activities are vigorous. It is, therefore, suggested that the linear dynamics of the Sverdrup theory is deficient in explaining the geostrophic transport of the tropical northwestern Pacific Ocean. C1 [Yuan, Dongliang; Zhang, Zhichun] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ocean Circulat & Waves, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Dongliang; Zhang, Zhichun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Dongliang] Qingdao Collaborat Innovat Ctr Marine Sci & Techn, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Zhichun] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Ocean Sci & Engn, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Zhichun] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Chu, Peter C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Naval Ocean Anal & Predict Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Dewar, William K.] Florida State Univ, Dept Ocean Atmosphere & Earth Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Yuan, DL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China. EM dyuan@ms.qdio.ac.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB956000]; NSFC [40888001, 41176019]; CMA [GYHY201306018]; CAS [XDA11010301]; KLOCAW [1208]; Zhoushan Municipal Science and Technology Project [2011C32015, 2012C33033]; Naval Oceanographic Office; NSF [OCE-0960500, OCE-1049131] FX This work is supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Project 2012CB956000), by the NSFC Grants 40888001 and 41176019, by CMA Grant GYHY201306018, and by CAS Strategic Priority Project XDA11010301. Z. Zhang is supported by KLOCAW Grant 1208 and by Zhoushan Municipal Science and Technology Project (2011C32015, 2012C33033). P. C. Chu was supported by the Naval Oceanographic Office. W. K. Dewar is supported by NSF Grants OCE-0960500 and OCE-1049131. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 EI 1520-0485 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 44 IS 2 BP 558 EP 575 DI 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0230.1 PG 18 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA AA3VY UT WOS:000331024500009 ER PT J AU Johnson, WB Bertschinger, M Snell, AK Wilson, A AF Johnson, W. Brad Bertschinger, Michael Snell, Alicia K. Wilson, Amber TI Secondary Trauma and Ethical Obligations for Military Psychologists: Preserving Compassion and Competence in the Crucible of Combat SO PSYCHOLOGICAL SERVICES LA English DT Article DE ethics; competence; communitarian; self-assessment; care ID HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; PROFESSIONAL-COMPETENCE; MENTAL-HEALTH; SELF-CARE; CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS; VICARIOUS TRAUMA; BURNOUT; IMPAIRMENT; THERAPISTS AB Current ethical guidelines require psychologists to self-assess competence and take steps to limit or discontinue clinical work when they can no longer render competent care. Yet even in the best of circumstances, human beings-psychologists included-are not very good at evaluating their own performance. Moreover, when psychologists are deployed to combat zones and work constantly with severely traumatized and injured service members, evidence suggests that they become vulnerable to compassion fatigue and secondary trauma syndromes. In this article, we consider the unique threats to competence faced by military clinical psychologists. We conclude with several specific recommendations for deployed military clinical psychologists themselves and for the community leaders tasked with training and supervising them. C1 [Johnson, W. Brad; Bertschinger, Michael; Snell, Alicia K.; Wilson, Amber] US Naval Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Johnson, W. Brad] Johns Hopkins Univ, Grad Sch Educ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Johnson, WB (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Leadership Eth & Law, Luce Hall,Stop 7B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM johnsonb@usna.edu NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1541-1559 EI 1939-148X J9 PSYCHOL SERV JI Psychol. Serv. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 11 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.1037/a0033913 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA AB6AL UT WOS:000331869700008 PM 24564444 ER PT J AU Hite, JK Garces, NY Goswami, R Mastro, MA Kub, FJ Eddy, CR AF Hite, Jennifer K. Garces, Nelson Y. Goswami, Ramasis Mastro, Michael A. Kub, Fritz J. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. TI Selective switching of GaN polarity on Ga-polar GaN using atomic layer deposited Al2O3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL LATERAL OVERGROWTH; GALLIUM NITRIDE; INVERSION; FILMS; MG AB Patterned layers of Al2O3 prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are used to produce structures of alternating polarity (c-plane orientation) of GaN on Ga-polar GaN epilayers. Annealing prior to epitaxial growth allows the amorphous ALD layers to attain sufficient crystallinity, which enables N-polar GaN growth over the annealed ALD Al2O3 and Ga-polar growth over the bare substrate. Transmission electron microscopy and electron channeling contrast imaging were carried out to characterize the structural nature of the material and confirm crystallinity. ALD Al2O3 may be suitable for fabricating novel variable-polarity devices, particularly where growth on native, Ga-polar GaN substrates is beneficial. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Hite, Jennifer K.; Garces, Nelson Y.; Goswami, Ramasis; Mastro, Michael A.; Kub, Fritz J.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hite, JK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jennifer.hite@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU Office of Naval Research FX Work at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 33 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1882-0778 EI 1882-0786 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD FEB PY 2014 VL 7 IS 2 AR 025502 DI 10.7567/APEX.7.025502 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AB0AK UT WOS:000331454000044 ER PT J AU Baines, EK Armstrong, JT Schmitt, HR Benson, JA Zavala, RT van Belle, GT AF Baines, Ellyn K. Armstrong, J. Thomas Schmitt, Henrique R. Benson, James A. Zavala, R. T. van Belle, Gerard T. TI NAVY PRECISION OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER MEASUREMENTS OF 10 STELLAR OSCILLATORS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: fundamental parameters; stars: oscillations; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: interferometric ID SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS; ANGULAR DIAMETERS; CHARA ARRAY; ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS; KEPLER-MISSION; TAU-CETI; ASTEROSEISMOLOGY; STARS; PHOTOMETRY; RADIUS AB Using the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer, we measured the angular diameters of 10 stars that have previously measured solar-like oscillations. Our sample covered a range of evolutionary stages but focused on evolved subgiant and giant stars. We combined our angular diameters with Hipparcos parallaxes to determine the stars' physical radii, and used photometry from the literature to calculate their bolometric fluxes, luminosities, and effective temperatures. We then used our results to test the scaling relations used by asteroseismology groups to calculate radii and found good agreement between the radii measured here and the radii predicted by stellar oscillation studies. The precision of the relations is not as well constrained for giant stars as it is for less evolved stars. C1 [Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Schmitt, Henrique R.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Benson, James A.; Zavala, R. T.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [van Belle, Gerard T.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Baines, EK (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ellyn.baines@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Oceanographer of the Navy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX The Navy Precision Optical Interferometer is a joint project of the Naval Research Laboratory and the U.S. Naval Observatory, in cooperation with Lowell Observatory, and is funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Oceanographer of the Navy. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 781 IS 2 AR 90 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/781/2/90 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AA5WV UT WOS:000331171200034 ER PT J AU Donato, D Cenko, SB Covino, S Troja, E Pursimo, T Cheung, CC Fox, O Kutyrev, A Campana, S Fugazza, D Landt, H Butler, NR AF Donato, D. Cenko, S. B. Covino, S. Troja, E. Pursimo, T. Cheung, C. C. Fox, O. Kutyrev, A. Campana, S. Fugazza, D. Landt, H. Butler, N. R. TI A TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT IN A NEARBY GALAXY HOSTING AN INTERMEDIATE MASS BLACK HOLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (A1795); galaxies: general; galaxies: nuclei; X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SEYFERT 1 GALAXIES; X-RAY; XMM-NEWTON; STELLAR DISRUPTION; ABELL 1795; SPACE-TELESCOPE; RADIO-EMISSION AB We report the serendipitous discovery of a bright point source flare in the Abell cluster A1795 with archival EUVE and Chandra observations. Assuming the EUVE emission is associated with the Chandra source, the X-ray 0.5-7 keV flux declined by a factor of similar to 2300 over a time span of 6 yr, following a power-law decay with index similar to 2.44 +/- 0.40. The Chandra data alone vary by a factor of similar to 20. The spectrum is well fit by a blackbody with a constant temperature of kT similar to 0.09 keV (similar to 10(6) K). The flare is spatially coincident with the nuclear region of a faint, inactive galaxy with a photometric redshift consistent at the la level with the cluster (z = 0.062476). We argue that these properties are indicative of a tidal disruption of a star by a black hole (BH) with log(M-BH/M-O) similar to 5.5 +/- 0.5. If so, such a discovery indicates that tidal disruption flares may be used to probe BHs in the intermediate mass range, which are very difficult to study by other means. C1 [Donato, D.; Troja, E.] NASA, GSFC, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Donato, D.; Troja, E.] NASA, GSFC, Astroparticle Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Donato, D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cenko, S. B.; Fox, O.] NASA, GSFC, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cenko, S. B.; Campana, S.; Fugazza, D.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Covino, S.] INAF, Osservatorio Astronom Brera, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy. [Pursimo, T.] Nord Opt Telescope, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Spain. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kutyrev, A.] NASA, GSFC, Observat Cosmol Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Landt, H.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Butler, N. R.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Donato, D (reprint author), NASA, GSFC, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM davide.donato-1@nasa.gov OI Campana, Sergio/0000-0001-6278-1576; Covino, Stefano/0000-0001-9078-5507 FU NSF [AST-9987045]; NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP); Ohio Board of Regents; Ohio State University Office of Research; UNAM; CONACyT; NASA; H2RG; NRL by a Karles' Fellowship; NASA [DPR S-15633-Y]; European Union FX The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy, and Germany. LBT Corporation partners are The University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona university system; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy; LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the MaxPlanck Society, the Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, and Heidelberg University; The Ohio State University; and The Research Corporation, on behalf of The University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota, and University of Virginia. This paper used data obtained with the MODS spectrographs built with funding from NSF grant AST-9987045 and the NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP), with additional funds from the Ohio Board of Regents and the Ohio State University Office of Research.; We thank the staff of the Observatorio Astronomico Nacional on Sierra San Pedro Martir and the RATIR instrument team (ratir.astroscu.unam.mx). RATIR observations with the Harold L. Johnson 1.5 m telescope of the Obervatorio Astronomico Nacional on Sierra San Pedro Martir are partially funded by UNAM, CONACyT and NASA, and supported by the loan of an H2RG detector by Teledyne Scientific and Imaging.; C.C.C. was supported at NRL by a Karles' Fellowship and NASA DPR S-15633-Y.; H.L. acknowledges financial support by the European Union through the COFUND scheme. NR 117 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 781 IS 2 AR 59 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/781/2/59 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AA5WV UT WOS:000331171200003 ER PT J AU Zhu, WW Berndsen, A Madsen, EC Tan, M Stairs, IH Brazier, A Lazarus, P Lynch, R Scholz, P Stovall, K Ransom, SM Banaszak, S Biwer, CM Cohen, S Dartez, LP Flanigan, J Lunsford, G Martinez, JG Mata, A Rohr, M Walker, A Allen, B Bhat, NDR Bogdanov, S Camilo, F Chatterjee, S Cordes, JM Crawford, F Deneva, JS Desvignes, G Ferdman, RD Freire, PCC Hessels, JWT Jenet, FA Kaplan, DL Kaspi, VM Knispel, B Lee, KJ van Leeuwen, J Lyne, AG McLaughlin, MA Siemens, X Spitler, LG Venkataraman, A AF Zhu, W. W. Berndsen, A. Madsen, E. C. Tan, M. Stairs, I. H. Brazier, A. Lazarus, P. Lynch, R. Scholz, P. Stovall, K. Ransom, S. M. Banaszak, S. Biwer, C. M. Cohen, S. Dartez, L. P. Flanigan, J. Lunsford, G. Martinez, J. G. Mata, A. Rohr, M. Walker, A. Allen, B. Bhat, N. D. R. Bogdanov, S. Camilo, F. Chatterjee, S. Cordes, J. M. Crawford, F. Deneva, J. S. Desvignes, G. Ferdman, R. D. Freire, P. C. C. Hessels, J. W. T. Jenet, F. A. Kaplan, D. L. Kaspi, V. M. Knispel, B. Lee, K. J. van Leeuwen, J. Lyne, A. G. McLaughlin, M. A. Siemens, X. Spitler, L. G. Venkataraman, A. TI SEARCHING FOR PULSARS USING IMAGE PATTERN RECOGNITION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; pulsars: general; stars: neutron; techniques: image processing ID CANDIDATES; DISCOVERY AB In the modern era of big data, many fields of astronomy are generating huge volumes of data, the analysis of which can sometimes be the limiting factor in research. Fortunately, computer scientists have developed powerful datamining techniques that can be applied to various fields. In this paper, we present a novel artificial intelligence (AI) program that identifies pulsars from recent surveys by using image pattern recognition with deep neural nets-the PICS (Pulsar Image-based Classification System) AI. The AI mimics human experts and distinguishes pulsars from noise and interference by looking for patterns from candidate plots. Different from other pulsar selection programs that search for expected patterns, the PICS AI is taught the salient features of different pulsars from a set of human-labeled candidates through machine learning. The training candidates are collected from the Pulsar Arecibo L-band Feed Array (PALFA) survey. The information from each pulsar candidate is synthesized in four diagnostic plots, which consist of image data with up to thousands of pixels. The AI takes these data from each candidate as its input and uses thousands of such candidates to train its similar to 9000 neurons. The deep neural networks in this AI system grant it superior ability to recognize various types of pulsars as well as their harmonic signals. The trained AI's performance has been validated with a large set of candidates from a different pulsar survey, the Green Bank North Celestial Cap survey. In this completely independent test, the PICS ranked 264 out of 277 pulsar-related candidates, including all 56 previously known pulsars and 208 of their harmonics, in the top 961 (1%) of 90,008 test candidates, missing only 13 harmonics. The first non-pulsar candidate appears at rank 187, following 45 pulsars and 141 harmonics. In other words, 100% of the pulsars were ranked in the top 1% of all candidates, while 80% were ranked higher than any noise or interference. The performance of this system can be improved over time as more training data are accumulated. This AI system has been integrated into the PALFA survey pipeline and has discovered six new pulsars to date. C1 [Zhu, W. W.; Berndsen, A.; Madsen, E. C.; Tan, M.; Stairs, I. H.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Brazier, A.; Chatterjee, S.; Cordes, J. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lazarus, P.; Desvignes, G.; Freire, P. C. C.; Lee, K. J.; Spitler, L. G.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Lynch, R.; Scholz, P.; Ferdman, R. D.; Kaspi, V. M.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Stovall, K.; Cohen, S.; Dartez, L. P.; Lunsford, G.; Martinez, J. G.; Mata, A.; Jenet, F. A.] Univ Texas Brownsville, Ctr Adv Radio Astron, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. [Stovall, K.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ransom, S. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Banaszak, S.; Biwer, C. M.; Flanigan, J.; Rohr, M.; Walker, A.; Allen, B.; Kaplan, D. L.; Siemens, X.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Gravitat Cosmol & Astrophys, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Biwer, C. M.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Allen, B.; Knispel, B.] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30176 Hannover, Germany. [Allen, B.; Knispel, B.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Bhat, N. D. R.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Bhat, N. D. R.] Swinburne Univ, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Bogdanov, S.; Camilo, F.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Camilo, F.; Venkataraman, A.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Crawford, F.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [Deneva, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ferdman, R. D.; Lyne, A. G.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observ, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. [Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7900 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [McLaughlin, M. A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Zhu, WW (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. EM zhuww@phas.ubc.ca; berndsen@phas.ubc.ca RI Stovall, Kevin/D-9844-2014; OI Stovall, Kevin/0000-0002-7261-594X; Allen, Bruce/0000-0003-4285-6256; Ransom, Scott/0000-0001-5799-9714 NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 781 IS 2 AR 117 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/781/2/117 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AA5WV UT WOS:000331171200061 ER PT J AU Daniele, MA Adams, AA Naciri, J North, SH Ligler, FS AF Daniele, Michael A. Adams, Andre A. Naciri, Jawad North, Stella H. Ligler, Frances S. TI Interpenetrating networks based on gelatin methacrylamide and PEG formed using concurrent thiol click chemistries for hydrogel tissue engineering scaffolds SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Interpenetrating network (IPN); Extracellular matrix; Thiol-yne; Click chemistry; Gelatin; Poly(ethylene glycol) ID PHOTO-CROSS-LINKING; STEM-CELL FATE; POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL); PHOTOCROSSLINKABLE GELATIN; STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; IN-VITRO; ELASTICITY; ACID; CYTOCOMPATIBILITY; POLYMERIZATION AB The integration of biological extracellular matrix (ECM) components and synthetic materials is a promising pathway to fabricate the next generation of hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that more accurately emulate the microscale heterogeneity of natural ECM. We report the development of a bio/synthetic interpenetrating network (BioSIN(x)), containing gelatin methacrylamide (GelMA) polymerized within a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) framework to form a mechanically robust network capable of supporting both internal cell encapsulation and surface cell adherence. The covalently crosslinked PEG network was formed by thiol-yne coupling, while the bioactive GelMA was integrated using a concurrent thiol-ene coupling reaction. The physical properties (i.e. swelling, modulus) of BioSINx were compared to both PEG networks with physically-incorporated gelatin (BioSIN(p)) and homogenous hydrogels. BioSIN(x) displayed superior physical properties and significantly lower gelatin dissolution. These benefits led to enhanced cytocompatibility for both cell adhesion and encapsulation; furthermore, the increased physical strength provided for the generation of a micro-engineered tissue scaffold. Endothelial cells showed extensive cytoplasmic spreading and the formation of cellular adhesion sites when cultured onto BioSINx; moreover, both encapsulated and adherent cells showed sustained viability and proliferation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Daniele, Michael A.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Adams, Andre A.; Naciri, Jawad; North, Stella H.; Ligler, Frances S.] Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Daniele, MA (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.daniele.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL); Office of Naval Research (ONR) [MA041-06-41-9899] FX The authors thank James B. Delehanty for providing the EA.hy926 cell line used herein. Work performed by Michael A. Daniele was supported by a National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship. This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) 6.1 work unit MA041-06-41-9899. The views expressed within represent those of the authors and do not reflect the opinion or policy of the U.S. Navy or Department of Defense. NR 57 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 18 U2 199 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 EI 1878-5905 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD FEB PY 2014 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1845 EP 1856 DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.009 PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA AA3UD UT WOS:000331018700007 PM 24314597 ER PT J AU Denning, DE AF Denning, Dorothy E. TI Framework and principles for active cyber defense SO COMPUTERS & SECURITY LA English DT Article DE Cyber security; Cyber ethics; Active defense; Hacking back; Air and missile defense AB This essay offers a broad view of active defense derived from the concept of active air and missile defense. This view admits a range of cyber defenses, many of which are widely deployed and considered essential in today's threat environment. Instead of equating active defense to hacking back, this wider interpretation lends itself to distinguishing different types of active defense and the legal and ethical issues they raise. The essay will review the concepts of active and passive air and missile defenses, apply them to cyberspace, describe a framework for distinguishing different types of active cyber defense, and finally-suggest legal and ethical principles for conducting active cyber defense. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Naval Postgr Aduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Denning, DE (reprint author), Naval Postgr Aduate Sch, Monterey, CA USA. EM dedennin@nps.edu NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0167-4048 EI 1872-6208 J9 COMPUT SECUR JI Comput. Secur. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 40 BP 108 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.cose.2013.11.004 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA AB0LC UT WOS:000331482500009 ER PT J AU Yurgil, KA Barkauskas, DA Vasterling, JJ Nievergelt, CM Larson, GE Schork, NJ Litz, BT Nash, WP Baker, DG AF Yurgil, Kate A. Barkauskas, Donald A. Vasterling, Jennifer J. Nievergelt, Caroline M. Larson, Gerald E. Schork, Nicholas J. Litz, Brett T. Nash, William P. Baker, Dewleen G. CA Marine Resiliency Study Team TI Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Active-Duty Marines SO JAMA PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID ADMINISTERED PTSD SCALE; PERSISTENT POSTCONCUSSIVE SYMPTOMS; DEPLOYED MILITARY PERSONNEL; OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; MENTAL-HEALTH; PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES; ANXIETY DISORDERS; UNITED-STATES; SUICIDE RISK AB IMPORTANCE Whether traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been difficult to determine because of the prevalence of comorbid conditions, overlapping symptoms, and cross-sectional samples. OBJECTIVE To examine the extent to which self-reported predeployment and deployment-related TBI confers increased risk of PTSD when accounting for combat intensity and predeployment mental health symptoms. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS As part of the prospective, longitudinal Marine Resiliency Study (June 2008 to May 2012), structured clinical interviews and self-report assessments were administered approximately 1 month before a 7-month deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan and again 3 to 6 months after deployment. The study was conducted at training areas on a Marine Corps base in southern California or at Veterans Affairs San Diego Medical Center. Participants for the final analytic sample were 1648 active-duty Marine and Navy servicemen who completed predeployment and postdeployment assessments. Reasons for exclusions were nondeployment (n = 34), missing data (n = 181), and rank of noncommissioned and commissioned officers (n = 66). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the total score on the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) 3 months after deployment. RESULTS At the predeployment assessment, 56.8% of the participants reported prior TBI; at postdeployment assessment, 19.8% reported sustaining TBI between predeployment and postdeployment assessments (ie, deployment-related TBI). Approximately 87.2% of deployment-related TBIs were mild; 250 of 287 participants (87.1%) who reported posttraumatic amnesia reported less than 24 hours of posttraumatic amnesia (37 reported >= 24 hours), and 111 of 117 of those who lost consciousness (94.9%) reported less than 30 minutes of unconsciousness. Predeployment CAPS score and combat intensity score raised predicted 3-month postdeployment CAPS scores by factors of 1.02 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.02-1.02) and 1.02 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.01-1.02) per unit increase, respectively. Deployment-related mild TBI raised predicted CAPS scores by a factor of 1.23 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.11-1.36), and moderate/severe TBI raised predicted scores by a factor of 1.71 (P < .001; 95% CI, 1.37-2.12). Probability of PTSD was highest for participants with severe predeployment symptoms, high combat intensity, and deployment-related TBI. Traumatic brain injury doubled or nearly doubled the PTSD rates for participants with less severe predeployment PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Even when accounting for predeployment symptoms, prior TBI, and combat intensity, TBI during the most recent deployment is the strongest predictor of postdeployment PTSD symptoms. C1 [Yurgil, Kate A.; Nievergelt, Caroline M.; Baker, Dewleen G.] Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA USA. [Yurgil, Kate A.; Nievergelt, Caroline M.; Baker, Dewleen G.] Vet Affairs Ctr Excellence Stress & Mental Hlth, San Diego, CA USA. [Barkauskas, Donald A.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Vasterling, Jennifer J.; Litz, Brett T.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Vasterling, Jennifer J.; Litz, Brett T.] Vet Affairs Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Syndrome, Div Behav Sci, Boston, MA USA. [Vasterling, Jennifer J.; Litz, Brett T.] Vet Affairs Boston Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychol, Boston, MA USA. [Nievergelt, Caroline M.; Baker, Dewleen G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Larson, Gerald E.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Behav Sci & Epidemiol, San Diego, CA USA. [Schork, Nicholas J.] Scripps Translat Res Inst, Dept Mol & Expt Med, San Diego, CA USA. [Litz, Brett T.] Boston Univ, Dept Psychol, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Nash, William P.] Boston Vet Affairs Res Inst, Boston, MA USA. RP Baker, DG (reprint author), VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, Vet Affairs Ctr Excellence Stress & Mental Hlth 1, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. EM dgbaker@ucsd.edu OI Nievergelt, Caroline/0000-0001-5766-8923 FU Veterans Affairs Health Service Research and Development project [SDR 09-0128]; Marine Corps; Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery FX This work was supported by Veterans Affairs Health Service Research and Development project SDR 09-0128, the Marine Corps, and the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. NR 71 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-622X EI 2168-6238 J9 JAMA PSYCHIAT JI JAMA Psychiatry PD FEB PY 2014 VL 71 IS 2 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.3080 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA AA8UN UT WOS:000331370600006 PM 24337530 ER PT J AU Altmann, EM Trafton, JG Hambrick, DZ AF Altmann, Erik M. Trafton, J. Gregory Hambrick, David Z. TI Momentary Interruptions Can Derail the Train of Thought SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE task interruption; procedural error; cognitive control; placekeeping ID WORKING-MEMORY CAPACITY; SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; SERIAL ORDER; ACTION DISORGANIZATION; CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; EXECUTIVE ATTENTION; NETWORK MODEL; TASK; ACTIVATION; GOALS AB We investigated the effect of short interruptions on performance of a task that required participants to maintain their place in a sequence of steps each with their own performance requirements. Interruptions averaging 4.4 s long tripled the rate of sequence errors on post-interruption trials relative to baseline trials. Interruptions averaging 2.8 s long-about the time to perform a step in the interrupted task-doubled the rate of sequence errors. Nonsequence errors showed no interruption effects, suggesting that global attentional processes were not disrupted. Response latencies showed smaller interruption effects than sequence errors, a difference we interpret in terms of high levels of interference generated by the primary task. The results are consistent with an account in which activation spreading from the focus of attention allows control processes to navigate task-relevant representations and in which momentary interruptions are disruptive because they shift the focus and thereby cut off the flow. C1 [Altmann, Erik M.; Hambrick, David Z.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Psychol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Trafton, J. Gregory] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Altmann, EM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Psychol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM ema@msu.edu NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 22 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0096-3445 EI 1939-2222 J9 J EXP PSYCHOL GEN JI J. Exp. Psychol.-Gen. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 143 IS 1 BP 215 EP 226 DI 10.1037/a0030986 PG 12 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA AA7TA UT WOS:000331298600021 PM 23294345 ER PT J AU Muscarella, PA Carrier, MJ Ngodock, HE AF Muscarella, Philip A. Carrier, M. J. Ngodock, H. E. TI An examination of a multi-scale three-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme in the Kuroshio Extension using the naval coastal ocean model SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Data assimilation; Multi-scale; Kuroshio Extension; 3DVAR ID SYSTEM AB The implementation of a multi-scale three dimensional variational (MS3DVAR) data assimilation scheme for use with the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) in the Kuroshio Extension western boundary current region is presented here. This work leverages on Li et al. (2013), who initially developed this method. MS3DVAR data assimilation allows for the effective assimilation of both spatially coarse and dense collections of observations. Traditional 3DVAR produces an inherent filtering of dynamical features smaller than the decorrelation length. The MS3DVAR allows for a scale selective background error covariance capable of handling a wider range of ocean scales. Here the MS3DVAR is examined in an energetic coastal regime using simulated and real observations. The results show that the MS3DVAR reduces analysis errors when compared to a traditional 3DVAR scheme. Forecast errors appear to be similar for both systems and are most likely due to the coarse resolution of the surface forceing being applied. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Muscarella, Philip A.] Naval Res Lab, ASEE Post Doc, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Carrier, M. J.; Ngodock, H. E.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Muscarella, PA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, ASEE Post Doc, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM philip.muscarella.ctr@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research [JA/7320-13-1695] FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research as part of the project "A Multiscale approach to assessing predictability of ASW environment." This paper is the Naval Research Laboratory paper contribution number JA/7320-13-1695. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-4343 EI 1873-6955 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 73 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.11.009 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA AA3QN UT WOS:000331007500004 ER PT J AU Howard, DH Shen, YC AF Howard, David H. Shen, Yu-Chu TI Trends in PCI Volume after Negative Results from the COURAGE Trial SO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNITED-STATES; MEDICAL THERAPY; BREAST-CANCER; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CLINICAL-PRACTICE; BARE-METAL; LONG-TERM; DISEASE C1 [Howard, David H.] Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shen, Yu-Chu] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. RP Howard, DH (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,MS 1518-002-6AA, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM dhhowar@emory.edu NR 46 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0017-9124 EI 1475-6773 J9 HEALTH SERV RES JI Health Serv. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 49 IS 1 BP 153 EP 170 PG 18 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA AA3LU UT WOS:000330994800009 PM 23829189 ER PT J AU First, MR Drake, LA AF First, Matthew R. Drake, Lisa A. TI Life after treatment: detecting living microorganisms following exposure to UV light and chlorine dioxide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ballast water; Ultraviolet radiation; Invasive species; Disinfection; Protists; Ballast water management systems ID BALLAST WATER-TREATMENT; MARINE; FLUORESCENCE; PLANKTON AB Rapid analytical methods are needed to quantify living microorganisms to determine if ships' discharged ballast water is in compliance with national and international standards. Traditionally, regrowth assays and microscope counts of stained organisms-which are time-consuming, require expensive equipment, and require extensive staff training-are used to assess microorganisms. The goal of this study was to evaluate other approaches. Both ambient microorganisms from an oligotrophic marine environment and laboratory cultures of marine algae were evaluated following exposure to two types of ballast water treatment: ultraviolet (UV) light and chlorine dioxide (ClO2). Microorganisms in two size classes (< 10 and a parts per thousand yen10 to < 50 mu m) were quantified using regrowth assays and vital staining, and samples were evaluated using two rapid approaches: (1) chlorophyll a fluorescence and photochemical yield were measured using a pulse amplitude modulated fluorometer and (2) the concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was measured with a handheld luminometer. The response of microorganisms to UV and ClO2 was evident in measurements of photochemical yield, as photochemical yield decreased at high doses. However, initial values of photochemical yield were variable and species-specific. Oddly, in some trials, initial fluorescence increased at intermediate UV doses; this phenomenon could lead to overestimation of total biomass. In samples treated with UV light, ATP was not significantly different among any of the doses used; however, concentrations of ATP were significantly lower at the highest dose of ClO2 than control samples. These results demonstrate that approaches used for ballast water testing can be treatment-specific, and compliance approaches should be validated to determine their utility with the appropriate treatments. C1 [First, Matthew R.] SAIC Inc, Mclean, VA 22202 USA. [Drake, Lisa A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Key West, FL 33041 USA. RP First, MR (reprint author), SAIC Inc, Mclean, VA 22202 USA. EM matthew.first.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI First, Matthew/0000-0003-1330-3353; First, Matt/0000-0003-3465-2376 FU USCG Environmental Standards Division [CG-OES-3, MIPR HSCG23-11-X-MMS154] FX This work was supported by the USCG Environmental Standards Division (CG-OES-3; MIPR HSCG23-11-X-MMS154, Tasks 5.2 and 5.3) and does not represent official USCG policy. We are grateful to Richard Everett (USCG) for advice and guidance with this work. We appreciate the comments and suggestions of two anonymous reviewers, which helped to improve and clarify an earlier draft of this manuscript. We very much appreciate the contributions of Stephanie Robbins-Wamsley and Scott Riley (SAIC, Inc., Key West, FL). The research, which was conducted at the Naval Research Laboratory in Key West, was supported by Diane Lysogorski (Section Head of NRL Code 6136 and Director of the Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering, Key West, Florida). Finally, this manuscript was improved by reviews from Ms. Lysogorski, Gina Bergner (USCG), and Richard Colton (Superintendent, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory)-we thank you. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8971 EI 1573-5176 J9 J APPL PHYCOL JI J. Appl. Phycol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 26 IS 1 BP 227 EP 235 DI 10.1007/s10811-013-0049-9 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AA3CF UT WOS:000330969800026 ER PT J AU Hall, G Schranz, CI AF Hall, Gregory Schranz, Craig I. TI Benign acute childhood myositis-a rare cause of abnormal gait SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Benign acute childhood myositis is a rare postviral myositis seen in school-aged children after a common upper respiratory infection (URI), most commonly caused by influenza [J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2004; 37: 95-98]. Predominantly seen in boys, this condition causes bilateral calf tenderness and pain with ambulation, often presenting as a refusal to bear weight. To avoid activation within the gastroc-soleus complex, the child will frequently compensate with a "Frankenstein gait," described as a stiff-legged posture with shuffling gait [CMAJ 2009; 181: 711-713]. The child may also walk on his toes or refuse to walk at all. This refusal to bear weight can be alarming to both providers and parents, resulting in extensive workups. We present the case of a 5-year-old boy who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of leg pain and refusal to walk. Further history revealed a resolved URI approximately 5 days prior. He was noted to have an elevated creatinine kinase with no evidence of renal insufficiency. He had no progression or complications, and his symptoms resolved spontaneously with minimal supportive treatment. Benign acute childhood myositis should be considered within the broad differential that surrounds a limping child or one who refuses to bear weight. Having insight into the condition with its characteristic gait abnormalities and associated URI history can often prevent extensive workups and be treated supportively in the outpatient setting. C1 [Hall, Gregory] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Schranz, Craig I.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Emergency Med, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. RP Hall, G (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Orthopaed, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. EM Gregory.Hall3@med.navy.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 EI 1532-8171 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 AR 193.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2013.08.057 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 302EE UT WOS:000330583800033 PM 24126025 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI SILVERED PING-PONG BALL BOUNCING UP AND DOWN INSIDE A CAPACITOR SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Letter C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 EI 1943-2909 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 82 IS 2 BP 93 EP 94 DI 10.1119/1.4831753 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA AA0HI UT WOS:000330775800001 ER PT J AU Denardo, BC Freemyers, SG Schock, MP Sundem, ST AF Denardo, Bruce C. Freemyers, Stanley G. Schock, Michael P. Sundem, Scott T. TI Acoustic radiation force due to a diverging wave: Demonstration and theory SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC JETS; SOUND FIELD; MANIPULATION; SPHERE; MICROPARTICLES; PARTICLE; FLUID; DROPS; CELLS AB A radiation force is the time-averaged force exerted by any kind of wave on a body. In the case of a divergent traveling acoustic wave, it is known that a relatively small rigid body can experience a radiation force that is directed toward the source. We show that this effect can be readily demonstrated with a styrofoam sphere pendulum near a horizontally directed loudspeaker that is emitting sound of sufficiently high amplitude and low frequency. The attraction is surprising because repulsive forces are exerted by a traveling plane wave and by an outward jetting or "wind" from the loudspeaker. We argue that the attractive force near a source that is small compared to the wavelength can be roughly understood and calculated as a time-averaged Bernoulli effect, if scattering is ignored. The result is within a factor of two of rigorous published results based on scattering calculations, when these results are specialized to the case of a rigid body whose average density is much greater than the density of the fluid. However, repulsion occurs when the average density of the body is less than the density of the fluid, in which case our Bernoulli result completely fails. (C) 2014 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 [Denardo, Bruce C.; Freemyers, Stanley G.; Schock, Michael P.; Sundem, Scott T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denardo, BC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM denardo@nps.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0002-9505 EI 1943-2909 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 82 IS 2 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1119/1.4830097 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA AA0HI UT WOS:000330775800003 ER PT J AU Taitt, CR Leski, TA Stockelman, MG Craft, DW Zurawski, DV Kirkup, BC Vora, GJ AF Taitt, Chris Rowe Leski, Tomasz A. Stockelman, Michael G. Craft, David W. Zurawski, Daniel V. Kirkup, Benjamin C. Vora, Gary J. TI Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Taken from Military Treatment Facilities SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA METHYLASE; COMBAT-RELATED INJURIES; CARE SAFETY NETWORK; AMINOGLYCOSIDE-RESISTANCE; CALCOACETICUS COMPLEX; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; MEDICAL-CENTER; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; QUINOLONE-RESISTANCE; CARBAPENEMASE GENES AB Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii infections are of particular concern within medical treatment facilities, yet the gene assemblages that give rise to this phenotype remain poorly characterized. In this study, we tested 97 clinical A. baumannii isolates collected from military treatment facilities (MTFs) from 2003 to 2009 by using a molecular epidemiological approach that enabled for the simultaneous screening of 236 antimicrobial resistance genes. Overall, 80% of the isolates were found to be MDR, each strain harbored between one and 17 resistant determinants, and a total of 52 unique resistance determinants or gene families were detected which are known to confer resistance to beta-lactam (e.g., blaGES-11, bla(TEM), bla(OXA-58)), aminoglycoside (e.g., aphA1, aacC1, armA), macrolide (msrA, msrB), tetracycline [e.g., tet(A), tet(B), tet(39)], phenicol (e.g., cmlA4, catA1, cat4), quaternary amine (qacE, qacE Delta 1), streptothricin (sat2), sulfonamide (sul1, sul2), and diaminopyrimidine (dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA19) antimicrobial compounds. Importantly, 91% of the isolates harbored bla(OXA-51-like) carbapenemase genes (including six new variants), 40% harbored the blaOXA-23 carbapenemase gene, and 89% contained a variety of aminoglycoside resistance determinants with up to six unique determinants identified per strain. Many of the resistance determinants were found in potentially mobile gene cassettes; 45% and 7% of the isolates contained class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively. Combined, the results demonstrate a facile approach that supports a more complete understanding of the genetic underpinnings of antimicrobial resistance to better assess the load, transmission, and evolution of MDR in MTF-associated A. baumannii. C1 [Taitt, Chris Rowe; Leski, Tomasz A.; Stockelman, Michael G.; Vora, Gary J.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Craft, David W.; Zurawski, Daniel V.; Kirkup, Benjamin C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, Dept Wound Infect, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kirkup, Benjamin C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taitt, CR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chris.taitt@nrl.navy.mil RI Leski, Tomasz/K-6916-2013; Kirkup, Benjamin/C-3610-2009; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016; OI Leski, Tomasz/0000-0001-7688-9887; Kirkup, Benjamin/0000-0002-8722-6218; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863; Zurawski, Daniel/0000-0002-7920-5601 FU Defense Medical Research and Development Program; Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Defense Medical Research and Development Program and the Office of Naval Research. NR 75 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 767 EP 781 DI 10.1128/AAC.01897-13 PG 15 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 302XD UT WOS:000330637500017 PM 24247131 ER PT J AU Tokmakian, R Challenor, P AF Tokmakian, Robin Challenor, Peter TI Uncertainty in modeled upper ocean heat content change SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE GCM; Ocean; Emulators; CMIP3; Multi-model; Uncertainty ID CLIMATE SYSTEM PROPERTIES; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; SEA-ICE; SENSITIVITY; CALIBRATION; TEMPERATURE; CIRCULATION; EMULATORS; ATLANTIC; CCSM3 AB This paper examines the uncertainty in the change in the heat content in the ocean component of a general circulation model. We describe the design and implementation of our statistical methodology. Using an ensemble of model runs and an emulator, we produce an estimate of the full probability distribution function (PDF) for the change in upper ocean heat in an Atmosphere/Ocean General Circulation Model, the Community Climate System Model v. 3, across a multi-dimensional input space. We show how the emulator of the GCM's heat content change and hence, the PDF, can be validated and how implausible outcomes from the emulator can be identified when compared to observational estimates of the metric. In addition, the paper describes how the emulator outcomes and related uncertainty information might inform estimates of the same metric from a multi-model Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 ensemble. We illustrate how to (1) construct an ensemble based on experiment design methods, (2) construct and evaluate an emulator for a particular metric of a complex model, (3) validate the emulator using observational estimates and explore the input space with respect to implausible outcomes and (4) contribute to the understanding of uncertainties within a multi-model ensemble. Finally, we estimate the most likely value for heat content change and its uncertainty for the model, with respect to both observations and the uncertainty in the value for the input parameters. C1 [Tokmakian, Robin] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Challenor, Peter] Univ Exeter, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Tokmakian, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Bldg 232,Rm 328, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rtt@nps.edu RI Challenor, Peter/M-2579-2016 OI Challenor, Peter/0000-0001-8661-2718 FU NSF [0851065] FX This work was completed with funding under NSF Grant No. 0851065. We also thank the Isaac Newton Institute of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Cambridge for allowing us to spend time at the institute where some of this research was completed. We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP CMIP3 multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments which have improved the paper. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0930-7575 EI 1432-0894 J9 CLIM DYNAM JI Clim. Dyn. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 823 EP 842 DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1709-9 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 304FA UT WOS:000330731300016 ER PT J AU Gorzkowski, EP Pan, MJ AF Gorzkowski, E. P. Pan, M-J TI Dielectric Composites for Naval Applications SO JOM LA English DT Article ID GLASS-CERAMICS; CRYSTALLIZATION; COMPONENTS AB As an integral part of the U.S. Navy's all-electric ship effort, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has been developing advanced dielectrics to provide viable solutions for high energy density capacitors as well as high-dielectric-constant (K) filter capacitors. Our group at NRL has focused on ceramic and ceramic-based composite dielectrics, which are characterized by the high dielectric constant (from 200 to 4000) relative to polymer materials (typically < 5) and high breakdown strengths (> 200 kV/cm). This article details three approaches to creating high energy density and high-K-filter capacitor materials. These approaches use different processing routes to produce ceramic-based composite dielectrics and include freeze-casting, glass-ceramic, and nanocomposite technologies. C1 [Gorzkowski, E. P.; Pan, M-J] Naval Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gorzkowski, EP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM edward.gorzkowski@nrl.navy.mil NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 EI 1543-1851 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD FEB PY 2014 VL 66 IS 2 BP 261 EP 269 DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0824-8 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 304FR UT WOS:000330733000013 ER PT J AU Meyerson, MD AF Meyerson, Mark D. TI Is This a Convex Function? SO AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL MONTHLY LA English DT Letter C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Meyerson, MD (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATHEMATICAL ASSOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1529 18TH STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-9890 EI 1930-0972 J9 AM MATH MON JI Am. Math. Mon. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 121 IS 2 BP 174 EP 174 PG 1 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 299SS UT WOS:000330416600014 ER PT J AU Buehrer, RM Anderson, CR Martin, RK Patwari, N Rabbat, MG AF Buehrer, R. Michael Anderson, Christopher R. Martin, Richard K. Patwari, Neal Rabbat, Michael G. TI Introduction to the Special Issue on Non-Cooperative Localization Networks SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Buehrer, R. Michael] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Wireless VT, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Anderson, Christopher R.] US Naval Acad, Wireless Measurements Grp, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Martin, Richard K.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Patwari, Neal] Univ Utah, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Rabbat, Michael G.] McGill Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 0G4, Canada. RP Buehrer, RM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Wireless VT, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM buehrer@vt.edu; canderso@usna.edu; richard.martin@afit.edu; npatwari@ece.utah.edu; michael.rabbat@mcgill.ca NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1932-4553 EI 1941-0484 J9 IEEE J-STSP JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 1 BP 2 EP 4 DI 10.1109/JSTSP.2013.2291302 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 298ED UT WOS:000330306000001 ER PT J AU Anderson, CR Martin, RK Walker, TO Thomas, RW AF Anderson, Christopher R. Martin, Richard K. Walker, T. Owens Thomas, Ryan W. TI Radio Tomography for Roadside Surveillance SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Radio tomography; received signal strength; sensor network; surveillance ID LOCALIZATION AB Radio tomographic imaging (RTI) has recently been proposed for tracking object location via radio waves without requiring the objects to transmit or receive radio signals. The position is extracted by inferring which voxels are obstructing a subset of radio links in a dense wireless sensor network. This paper proposes a variety of modeling and algorithmic improvements to RTI for the scenario of roadside surveillance. These include the use of a more physically motivated weight matrix, a method for mitigating negative (aphysical) data due to noisy observations, and a method for combining frames of a moving vehicle into a single image. The proposed approaches are used to show improvement in both imaging (useful for human-in-the-loop target recognition) and automatic target recognition in a measured data set. C1 [Anderson, Christopher R.; Walker, T. Owens] US Naval Acad, Wireless Measurements Grp, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Martin, Richard K.; Thomas, Ryan W.] Air Force Inst Technol AFIT, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Anderson, CR (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Wireless Measurements Grp, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM canderso@usna.edu; richard.martin@afit.edu; owalker@usna.edu; ryan.thomas@us.af.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Air Force Office of Scientific Research FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors, and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Navy, Department of Defense, or the U. S. Government. This document has been approved for public release; distribution unlimited. The guest editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Prof. Michael Rabbat. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1932-4553 EI 1941-0484 J9 IEEE J-STSP JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 8 IS 1 BP 66 EP 79 DI 10.1109/JSTSP.2013.2286774 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 298ED UT WOS:000330306000007 ER PT J AU Breslow, LA Gartenberg, D McCurry, JM Trafton, JG AF Breslow, Leonard A. Gartenberg, Daniel McCurry, J. Malcolm Trafton, J. Gregory TI Dynamic Operator Overload: A Model for Predicting Workload During Supervisory Control SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON HUMAN-MACHINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Cognition; human-robot interaction; multi-robot systems; predictive models; unmanned aerial vehicles ID EYE-MOVEMENTS; INFORMATION; FIXATIONS AB Crandall et al. and Cummings & Mitchell introduced fan-out as a measure of the maximum number of robots a single human operator can supervise in a given single-human-multiple-obot system. Fan-out is based on the time constraints imposed by limitations of the robots and of the supervisor, e. g., limitations in attention. Adapting their work, we introduced a dynamic model of operator overload that predicts failures in supervisory control in real time, based on fluctuations in time constraints and in the supervisor's allocation of attention, as assessed by eye fixations. Operator overload was assessed by damage incurred by unmanned aerial vehicles when they traversed hazard areas. The model generalized well to variants of the baseline task. We then incorporated the model into the system where it predicted in real time, when an operatorwould fail to prevent vehicle damage and alerted the operator to the threat at those times. These model-based adaptive cues reduced the damage rate by one-half relative to a control condition with no cues. C1 [Breslow, Leonard A.; Trafton, J. Gregory] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gartenberg, Daniel] George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [McCurry, J. Malcolm] ITT Exelis, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Breslow, LA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM len.breslow@nrl.navy.mil; dgartenb@masonlive.gmu.edu; malcolm.mccurry.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; greg.trafton@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research and Office of the Secretary of Defense to JGT FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research and Office of the Secretary of Defense to JGT. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor E. Feron of the former IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans (2012 Impact Factor: 2.183). NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2168-2291 EI 2168-2305 J9 IEEE T HUM-MACH SYST JI IEEE T. Hum.-Mach. Syst. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 44 IS 1 BP 30 EP 40 DI 10.1109/TSMC.2013.2293317 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Computer Science GA 296ET UT WOS:000330168600003 ER PT J AU Rind, DH Lean, JL Jonas, J AF Rind, David H. Lean, Judith L. Jonas, Jeffrey TI The Impact of Different Absolute Solar Irradiance Values on Current Climate Model Simulations SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE Climate models; General circulation models; Model evaluation; performance ID ATMOSPHERE; TEMPERATURE; REANALYSIS; DATASET AB Simulations of the preindustrial and doubled CO2 climates are made with the GISS Global Climate Middle Atmosphere Model 3 using two different estimates of the absolute solar irradiance value: a higher value measured by solar radiometers in the 1990s and a lower value measured recently by the Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment. Each of the model simulations is adjusted to achieve global energy balance; without this adjustment the difference in irradiance produces a global temperature change of 0.4 degrees C, comparable to the cooling estimated for the Maunder Minimum. The results indicate that by altering cloud cover the model properly compensates for the different absolute solar irradiance values on a global level when simulating both preindustrial and doubled CO2 climates. On a regional level, the preindustrial climate simulations and the patterns of change with doubled CO2 concentrations are again remarkably similar, but there are some differences. Using a higher absolute solar irradiance value and the requisite cloud cover affects the model's depictions of high-latitude surface air temperature, sea level pressure, and stratospheric ozone, as well as tropical precipitation. In the climate change experiments it leads to an underestimation of North Atlantic warming, reduced precipitation in the tropical western Pacific, and smaller total ozone growth at high northern latitudes. Although significant, these differences are typically modest compared with the magnitude of the regional changes expected for doubled greenhouse gas concentrations. Nevertheless, the model simulations demonstrate that achieving the highest possible fidelity when simulating regional climate change requires that climate models use as input the most accurate (lower) solar irradiance value. C1 [Rind, David H.] NASA GISS, New York, NY USA. [Lean, Judith L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jonas, Jeffrey] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. RP Lean, JL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM judith.lean@nrl.navy.mil OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639 FU NASA FX NASA funded this work. SORCE TSI data are available online (at http://lasp.colorado.edu/sorce/data/tsi_data.htm). Model simulations were made possible through a grant from the NASA HEC division. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 27 IS 3 BP 1100 EP 1120 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00136.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 294YY UT WOS:000330085000009 ER PT J AU Jin, Y Wang, SP Nachamkin, J Doyle, JD Thompson, G Grasso, L Holt, T Moskaitis, J Jin, H Hodur, RM Zhao, QY Liu, M DeMaria, M AF Jin, Yi Wang, Shouping Nachamkin, Jason Doyle, James D. Thompson, Gregory Grasso, Lewis Holt, Teddy Moskaitis, Jon Jin, Hao Hodur, Richard M. Zhao, Qingyun Liu, Ming DeMaria, Mark TI The Impact of Ice Phase Cloud Parameterizations on Tropical Cyclone Prediction SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Tropical cyclones; Cloud parameterizations; Mesoscale models; Model evaluation; performance; Numerical weather prediction; forecasting; Regional models ID BULK MICROPHYSICS SCHEME; PART II; RAPID INTENSIFICATION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; INNER CORE; EXPLICIT SIMULATION; HURRICANE BONNIE; MESOSCALE MODEL; HOT TOWERS; SENSITIVITY AB The impact of ice phase cloud microphysical processes on prediction of tropical cyclone environment is examined for two microphysical parameterizations using the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System-Tropical Cyclone (COAMPS-TC) model. An older version of microphysical parameterization is a relatively typical single-moment scheme with five hydrometeor species: cloud water and ice, rain, snow, and graupel. An alternative newer method uses a hybrid approach of double moment in cloud ice and rain and single moment in the other three species. Basin-scale synoptic flow simulations point to important differences between these two schemes. The upper-level cloud ice concentrations produced by the older scheme are up to two orders of magnitude greater than the newer scheme, primarily due to differing assumptions concerning the ice nucleation parameterization. Significant (1 degrees-2 degrees C) warm biases near the 300-hPa level in the control experiments are not present using the newer scheme. The warm bias in the control simulations is associated with the longwave radiative heating near the base of the cloud ice layer. The two schemes produced different track and intensity forecasts for 15 Atlantic storms. Rightward cross-track bias and positive intensity bias in the control forecasts are significantly reduced using the newer scheme. Synthetic satellite imagery of Hurricane Igor (2010) shows more realistic brightness temperatures from the simulations using the newer scheme, in which the inner core structure is clearly discernible. Applying the synthetic satellite imagery in both quantitative and qualitative analyses helped to pinpoint the issue of excessive upper-level cloud ice in the older scheme. C1 [Jin, Yi; Wang, Shouping; Nachamkin, Jason; Doyle, James D.; Holt, Teddy; Moskaitis, Jon; Jin, Hao; Hodur, Richard M.; Zhao, Qingyun; Liu, Ming] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Thompson, Gregory] NCAR, Boulder, CO USA. [Grasso, Lewis] CIRA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [DeMaria, Mark] NOAA, NESDIS, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM yi.jin@nrlmry.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research Program [0601153N]; NOAA HFIP; Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Center FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research Program Element 0601153N and NOAA HFIP. We are also grateful to the computational resource and support provided by the Department of Defense (DoD) High Performance Center. NR 76 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 142 IS 2 BP 606 EP 625 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00058.1 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 295EZ UT WOS:000330100700007 ER PT J AU Yaremchuk, M Martin, P AF Yaremchuk, Max Martin, Paul TI On Sensitivity Analysis within the 4DVAR Framework SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Inverse methods; Optimization; Statistical techniques; Variational analysis ID VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; ADJOINT-SENSITIVITY; CIRCULATION; COVARIANCES AB The sensitivity of model forecasts to uncertainties in control variables is evaluated using the adjoint technique and the ensemble generated by the reduced-order four-dimensional variational data assimilation (R4DVAR) algorithm within the framework of twin-data experiments with a quasigeostrophic model. To simulate real applications where the true state is unknown, the sensitivities were estimated using model solutions that were obtained after assimilating sparse observations extracted from the true solutions. The numerical experiments were conducted in the linear, weakly nonlinear, and strongly nonlinear (NL) regimes with special emphasis on the NL case characterized by the instability of the tangent linear model. It is shown that the ensemble-based R4DVAR method provides better sensitivity estimates in the NL case, primarily due to the better accuracy of the optimized solutions. The concept of sensitivity in the NL case is also considered within the statistical framework. Using analytical arguments and numerical experimentation, averaging the adjoint sensitivity estimates over an ensemble of model trajectories generated by finite perturbations of the optimal control is shown to provide an estimate similar to that obtained with the adjoint model stabilized by enhanced dissipation. This observation allows for evaluation of the sensitivities of strongly nonlinear optimal solutions by using both the adjoint (4DVAR) and ensemble (R4DVAR) optimization algorithms. C1 [Yaremchuk, Max; Martin, Paul] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Yaremchuk, M (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Bldg 1009, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM max.yaremchuk@nrlssc.navy.mil FU ONR [0602435N]; BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative through the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE) FX This study was supported by ONR Program Element 0602435N as part of the project Adjointless 4DVAR for Navy Ocean Models and was made possible in part by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative through the Consortium for Advanced Research on Transport of Hydrocarbon in the Environment (CARTHE). Helpful discussions with Prof. E. Benilov are also acknowledged. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 142 IS 2 BP 774 EP 787 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00123.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 295EZ UT WOS:000330100700017 ER PT J AU Wood, BE Muller, HR Redfield, S Edelman, E AF Wood, Brian E. Mueller, Hans-Reinhard Redfield, Seth Edelman, Eric TI EVIDENCE FOR A WEAK WIND FROM THE YOUNG SUN SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: winds, outflows; ultraviolet: stars ID LOCAL INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; MASS-LOSS RATES; LY-ALPHA ABSORPTION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SOLAR-LIKE STARS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; 100 PARSECS; EVOLUTION; ROTATION; MODEL AB The early history of the solar wind has remained largely a mystery due to the difficulty of detecting winds around young stars that can serve as analogs for the young Sun. Here we report on the detection of a wind from the 500 Myr old solar analog pi(1) UMa (G1.5 V), using spectroscopic observations from the Hubble Space Telescope. We detect Hi Ly alpha absorption from the interaction region between the stellar wind and interstellar medium, i.e., the stellar astrosphere. With the assistance of hydrodynamic models of the pi(1) UMa astrosphere, we infer a wind only half as strong as the solar wind for this star. This suggests that the Sun and solar-like stars do not have particularly strong coronal winds in their youth. C1 [Wood, Brian E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mueller, Hans-Reinhard] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Redfield, Seth; Edelman, Eric] Wesleyan Univ, Van Vleck Observ, Dept Astron, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. RP Wood, BE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil OI Mueller, Hans-Reinhard/0000-0001-7364-5377; Redfield, Seth/0000-0003-3786-3486 FU NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12596]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA [NAS 5-26555]; Connecticut Space Grant Consortium FX Support for program GO-12596 was provided by NASA through an award from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. E.E. acknowledges support through a NASA undergraduate research fellowship from the Connecticut Space Grant Consortium. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. NR 37 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 781 IS 2 AR L33 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/781/2/L33 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 292OK UT WOS:000329911400010 ER PT J AU Lin, KY AF Lin, Kyle Y. TI New Results on a Stochastic Duel Game with Each Force Consisting of Heterogeneous Units SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE stochastic duel; two-person zero-sum game; fire allocation ID AGAINST-MANY BATTLE; COMBAT AB Two forces engage in a duel, with each force initially consisting of several heterogeneous units. Each unit can be assigned to fire at any opposing unit, but the kill rate depends on the assignment. As the duel proceeds, each forceknowing which units are still alive in real timedecides dynamically how to assign its fire, in order to maximize the probability of wiping out the opposing force before getting wiped out. It has been shown in the literature that an optimal pure strategy exists for this two-person zero-sum game, but computing the optimal strategy remained cumbersome because of the game's huge payoff matrix. This article gives an iterative algorithm to compute the optimal strategy without having to enumerate the entire payoff matrix, and offers some insights into the special case, where one force has only one unit. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 56-65, 2014 C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Lin, KY (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kylin@nps.edu OI Lin, Kyle/0000-0002-3769-1891 FU TRAC-Monterey FX This material is based upon work supported by TRAC-Monterey. The author thanks Alan Washburn for pointing out the race-to-reward game; Moshe Kress, Michael Atkinson, and the Associate Editor for their helpful comments; and one anonymous reviewer, whose careful review and thoughtful suggestions significantly improved the presentation of this article. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0894-069X EI 1520-6750 J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 61 IS 1 BP 56 EP 65 DI 10.1002/nav.21566 PG 10 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 291YH UT WOS:000329868300005 ER PT J AU Heltemes, KJ Clouser, MC MacGregor, AJ Norman, SB Galarneau, MR AF Heltemes, Kevin J. Clouser, Mary C. MacGregor, Andrew J. Norman, Sonya B. Galarneau, Michael R. TI Co-occurring mental health and alcohol misuse: Dual disorder symptoms in combat injured veterans SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article DE Dual disorder; PTSD; Depression; Alcohol misuse; Veterans ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; AFGHANISTAN WAR VETERANS; PRIMARY-CARE; PTSD SYMPTOMS; SUBSTANCE USE; MAJOR DEPRESSION; IRAQ; SEVERITY; DEPLOYMENT; SOLDIERS AB Objective: Service members face difficulties during military deployment potentially resulting in morbidities such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and alcohol misuse. The co-occurrence of alcohol misuse and mental health disorders is termed dual disorder and has been associated with adverse outcomes. Methods: The study included 812 high-risk (i.e., endorsing combat exposure with documented combat injury) male U.S. veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom, injured between October 2004 and November 2007, identified from the Expeditionary Medical Encounter Database. Results: PTSD and depression symptoms were significant correlates of alcohol misuse. Veterans with dual disorder symptoms reported a significantly higher mean number of health complaints on the Post-Deployment Health Reassessment compared with those endorsing only mental health symptoms. Conclusions: These results highlight how mental health disorders among injured service members increases the odds of problem drinking and those with dual disorder have elevated health complaints. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Heltemes, Kevin J.; Clouser, Mary C.; MacGregor, Andrew J.; Galarneau, Michael R.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Norman, Sonya B.] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. [Norman, Sonya B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. RP Heltemes, KJ (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM heltemesk@gmail.com; mary.clouser@med.navy.mil; andrew.macgregor@med.navy.mil; snorman@ucsd.edu; michael.galarneau@med.navy.mil FU U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC [60819] FX The authors thank Science Applications International Corporation for its contributions to this work. This work was supported by the U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, under Work Unit No. 60819. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 EI 1873-6327 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 39 IS 2 SI SI BP 392 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.06.001 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 286OU UT WOS:000329479400005 PM 23830527 ER PT J AU Shu, IW Onton, JA Prabhakar, N O'Connell, RM Simmons, AN Matthews, SC AF Shu, I-Wei Onton, Julie A. Prabhakar, Nitin O'Connell, Ryan M. Simmons, Alan N. Matthews, Scott C. TI Combat veterans with PTSD after mild TBI exhibit greater ERPs from posterior-medial cortical areas while appraising facial features SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE PTSD; Mild TBI; N300; Posterior cingulate cortex; Precuneus; Biomarker ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; DEFAULT-MODE NETWORK; EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; CONCUSSED INDIVIDUALS; MILITARY PERSONNEL; NEURAL MECHANISMS; COGNITIVE CONTROL; TIME-COURSE AB Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) worsens prognosis following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Combat personnel with histories of mTBI exhibit abnormal activation of distributed brain networks including emotion processing and default mode networks. How developing PTSD further affects these abnormalities has not been directly examined. We recorded electroencephalography in combat veterans with histories of mTBI, but without active PTSD (mTBI only, n=16) and combat veterans who developed PTSD after mTBI (mTBI + PTSD, n = 16) during the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), a validated test of empathy requiring emotional appraisal of facial features. Task-related event related potentials (ERPs) were identified, decomposed using independent component analysis (ICA) and localized anatomically using dipole modeling. We observed larger emotional face processing ERPs in veterans with mTBI + PTSD, including greater N300 negativity. Furthermore, greater N300 negativity correlated with greater PTSD severity, especially avoidance/numbing and hyperarousal symptom clusters. This correlation was dependent on contributions from the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Our results support a model where, in combat veterans with histories of mTBI, larger ERPs from overactive posterior-medial cortical areas may be specific to PTSD, and is likely related to negative selfreferential activits. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shu, I-Wei; Matthews, Scott C.] VISN 22 Mental Illness, Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. [Shu, I-Wei; O'Connell, Ryan M.; Simmons, Alan N.] Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. [Prabhakar, Nitin; O'Connell, Ryan M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Simmons, Alan N.; Matthews, Scott C.] Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, Ctr Excellence Stress & Mental Hlth, La Jolla, CA 92161 USA. [Onton, Julie A.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Shu, IW (reprint author), VISN 22 Mental Illness, Res Educ & Clin Ctr, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr,116A, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. EM ishu@ucsd.edu FU BUMED under Work Unit 61032; VA Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center; VA Office of Academic Affiliations; VA Advanced Fellowship Program in Mental Illness Research Treatment; VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health; University of California San Diego Academic Senate, Department of Veterans Affairs; Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program; CDA-2 from the VA CSRD FX This work represents Report No. 12-xx and was supported by BUMED under Work Unit 61032. The views expressed in this article arc those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of Inunan subjects in research (Protocols NHRC.2010.0022 and NHRC.2010.0023).; This research was also supported by the VA Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Office of Academic Affiliations, VA Advanced Fellowship Program in Mental Illness Research Treatment, and the VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, and by grants from the University of California San Diego Academic Senate, Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program. Dr. Matthews is supported by a CDA-2 from the VA CSR&D. NR 72 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 EI 1573-2517 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 155 BP 234 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.057 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 287XB UT WOS:000329574500033 PM 24342149 ER PT J AU Pande, CS Holtz, RL Gillespie, DJ AF Pande, Chandra S. Holtz, Ronald L. Gillespie, Darrell J. TI Distribution of activation energies in superconducting BSCCO tapes SO EMERGING MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE activation energies; flux motion; high-temperature superconductors; lattice defects; magnetism; pinning; superconductivity ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; FLUX-CREEP; FILMS; TRANSPORT; MOTION; PHASE; DECAY; FIELD; YBCO AB It has been shown before that collective pinning behavior in high-T-c superconducting oxides can be reconciled to a model of distribution of activation energies, in their thermally activated flux motion. In this article, the authors provided experimental evidence for such a distribution and showed that this distribution is lognormal as predicted. For this purpose, the distribution of the activation energies in bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper oxide tapes were estimated from magnetic relaxation measurements using the Hagen-Griessen inversion scheme. C1 [Pande, Chandra S.; Holtz, Ronald L.; Gillespie, Darrell J.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pande, CS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chandra.pande@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX The coauthor D. J. Gillespie is retired, formerly from the Naval Research Laboratory. The authors thank R.A. Masumura for critical comments on the work, V. M. Browning for initial help with the data analysis, and C. R. Feng for characterization of the materials. Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ICE PUBLISHING PI WESTMINISTER PA INST CIVIL ENGINEERS, 1 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINISTER SW 1P 3AA, ENGLAND SN 2046-0147 EI 2046-0155 J9 EMERG MATER RES JI Emerg. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 3 IS 1 BP 4 EP 9 DI 10.1680/emr.13.00035 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA CX5BS UT WOS:000365716400002 ER PT J AU Mullen, CDRBA AF Mullen, C. D. R. Barbara Ann TI Acute Chest Pain in the Young Adult SO JNP-JOURNAL FOR NURSE PRACTITIONERS LA English DT Article DE cardiomyopathy; chest pain; pericardial effusion; pericarditis ID ACUTE PERICARDITIS; HEART-FAILURE; TASK-FORCE; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE; CARDIOMYOPATHIES; MANAGEMENT AB The complaint of chest pain in an individual may be caused by a myriad of causes, including cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal causes. In the younger adult, it is uncommon for a serious cause of cardiac or pulmonary disease to be the etiology. This article presents 2 cases of adults under the age of 23 who presented to family practice clinicians and reviews 3 potentially life-threatening diagnoses (cardiomyopathy, pericarditis, and pericardial effusion). Patient presentation, diagnostic features, and treatment options are discussed for each of these diagnoses. New, emerging treatment options are also reviewed. C1 Branch Hlth Clin, US Navy, Nurse Corps, Washington Navy Yard, Washington, DC 20374 USA. RP Mullen, CDRBA (reprint author), Branch Hlth Clin, US Navy, Nurse Corps, Washington Navy Yard, Washington, DC 20374 USA. EM barbara.mullen@med.navy.mil NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1555-4155 EI 1878-058X J9 JNP-J NURSE PRACT JI JNP-J. Nurse Pract. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 10 IS 2 BP 128 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.nurpra.2013.11.010 PG 8 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA CK1QJ UT WOS:000355981700012 ER PT J AU Wang, J Wu, CY Franke, G AF Wang, Jun Wu, Chang-Yu Franke, Gene TI Effectiveness of amorphous silica encapsulation technology on welding fume particles and its impact on mechanical properties of welds SO MATERIALS & DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Welding fume particles; Amorphous silica encapsulation; Mechanical property ID TOXIC METAL EMISSIONS; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; SORBENT PRECURSORS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; EXPOSURE; NANOPARTICLES; STEEL; GAS; AEROSOLS; NANOCOMPOSITES AB Stainless steel welding generates nano-sized fume particles containing toxic metals which may cause serious health effects upon inhalation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an amorphous silica encapsulation (ASE) technology by evaluating its silica coating efficiency (SCE), particle morphology, and its impact on the weld's mechanical properties. Tetramethylsilane (TMS) added to the welding shielding gas decomposed at the high-temperature arc zone to enable the silica coating. Collected welding fume particles were digested by two acid mixtures with different degrees of silica solubility, and the measured mass differences in the digests were used to determine the SCE. The SCEs were around 48-64% at the low and medium primary shielding gas flow rates. The highest SCE of 76% occurred at the high shielding gas flow rate (30 Lpm) with a TMS carrier gas flow of 0.64 Lpm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirmed the amorphous silica layer on the welding fume particles at most gas flow rates, as well as abundant stand-alone silica particles formed at the high gas flow rate. Metallography showed that welds from the baseline and from the ASE technology were similar except for a tiny crack found in one particular weld made with the ASE technology. Tensile tests showed no statistical difference between the baseline and the ASE welds. All the above test results confirm that welding equipment retrofitted with the ASE technology has the potential to effectively address the toxicity problem of welding fume particles without affecting the mechanical properties of the welds. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Jun; Wu, Chang-Yu] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Engn Sch Sustainable Infrastruct & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wu, Chang-Yu] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Franke, Gene] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div NSWCCD, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Wang, Jun] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr OUHSC, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK 73126 USA. RP Wu, CY (reprint author), Univ Florida, 406 Black Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cywu@ufl.edu RI Arumugam, Thirumagal/C-3408-2014 FU U.S. Department of Defense through the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) [WP-0903] FX The study was made possible by the financial support from the U.S. Department of Defense through the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) under Grant No. WP-0903. The authors acknowledge Particle Engineering Research Center (PERC) and Major Analytical Instrumentation Center (MAIC) at the University of Florida for providing the access to ICP-AES and TEM. The authors would like to thank Mrs. Kathleen Paulson as the ESTCP program manager and Mr. Douglas Petrie at Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) Engineering and Expeditionary Warfare Center; and Mr. Brent Hunt, Mr. John Martell, Mr. Steve Coe, Mrs. Patti Principe, and Mr. Mitchell Blue at Tooele Army Depot (TEAD), for their assistance in conducting the study. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-3069 EI 1873-4197 J9 MATER DESIGN JI Mater. Des. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.002 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 275PX UT WOS:000328690400011 ER PT J AU Ziemian, CW Sharma, MM Bouffard, BD Nissley, T Eden, TJ AF Ziemian, C. W. Sharma, M. M. Bouffard, B. D. Nissley, T. Eden, T. J. TI Effect of substrate surface roughening and cold spray coating on the fatigue life of AA2024 specimens SO MATERIALS & DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Aluminum alloys; Cold-spray coating; Fatigue ID WEAR-RESISTANT APPLICATIONS; 7050-T7451 ALUMINUM-ALLOY; SELF-FLUXING ALLOY; RESIDUAL-STRESS; COATED COMPONENTS; STEEL; DEPOSITION; MECHANISM; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR AB The effects of cold spray coating and substrate surface preparation on crack initiation under cyclic loading have been studied on Al2024 alloy specimens. Commercially pure (CP) aluminum feedstock powder has been deposited on Al2024-T351 samples using a cold-spray coating technique known as high velocity particle consolidation. Substrate specimens were prepared by surface grit blasting or shot peening prior to coating. The fatigue behavior of both coated and uncoated specimens was then tested under rotating bend conditions at two stress levels, 180 MPa and 210 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze failure surfaces and identify failure mechanisms. The results indicate that the fatigue strength was significantly improved on average, up to 50% at 180 MPa and up to 38% at 210 MPa, by the deposition of the cold-sprayed CP-Al coatings. Coated specimens first prepared by glass bead grit blasting experienced the largest average increase in fatigue life over bare specimens. The results display a strong dependency of the fatigue strength on the surface preparation and cold spray parameters. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ziemian, C. W.; Sharma, M. M.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. [Bouffard, B. D.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Nissley, T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Struct & Dynam A1C, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Eden, T. J.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA 16804 USA. RP Ziemian, CW (reprint author), Bucknell Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. EM cziemian@bucknell.edu FU Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, USA [FA8650-07-C-5214] FX The authors acknowledge the Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials & Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, USA, for the financial support of this research under Contract No. FA8650-07-C-5214. Any opinions, findings, or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Air Force. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-3069 EI 1873-4197 J9 MATER DESIGN JI Mater. Des. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 54 BP 212 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.061 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 275PX UT WOS:000328690400028 ER PT J AU Stroman, RO Jackson, GS AF Stroman, Richard O. Jackson, Gregory S. TI Modeling the performance of an ideal NaBH4-H2O2 direct borohydride fuel cell SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Fuel cell; Borohydride; Design; Transport; Power density; Fuel utilization ID SODIUM-BOROHYDRIDE; NAFION(R) MEMBRANES; GOLD ELECTRODES; OXIDATION; TRANSPORT; WATER; PARAMETERS; KINETICS; CATHODE; IONS AB A 2D direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) model has been developed to explore the prospective performance of this technology, for a cell with fast selective electrocatalysts and a selective membrane. In the modeled DBFC, a Nafion membrane in the Na+ form separates flow channels with aqueous fuel (0.1 -0.5 M NaBH4/4 M NaOH) and oxidizer (4 M H2O2/4 M H2SO4). Electrochemical reactions occur on catalyst-coated channel walls. The electrocatalysts are selective for complete BH4- oxidation and H2O2 reduction, the reactions have fast forward rate constants, and only Na+ and H2O cross the membrane. The model captures interfacial charge transfer reactions and complex transport in the flow channels and membrane. Results show that current density and voltage efficiency vary by >50% from inlet to outlet due to concentration boundary layer development. The BH4- concentration boundary layer limits peak power density, despite migration and fuel utilizations below 10%. Power density increases with BH4- inlet concentration and fuel flow rate, but at the expense of lower fuel utilization. Water crosses the membrane up to 14 times its production rate at the anode. Low fuel utilization and water imbalance suggest the importance of system designs with reactant recirculation and water recovery. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stroman, Richard O.; Jackson, Gregory S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Stroman, Richard O.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Stroman, RO (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM richard.stroman@nrl.navy.mil RI Stroman, Richard/F-6868-2014; Jackson, Gregory/N-9919-2014 OI Stroman, Richard/0000-0003-4937-8365; Jackson, Gregory/0000-0002-8928-2459 FU Naval Research Laboratory Edison Memorial Training Program; NRL Chemistry Division FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Edison Memorial Training Program and NRL Chemistry Division. Conversations with Dr. Karen Swider-Lyons at the Naval Research Laboratory and Dr. R. Craig Urian at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Newport, RI proved helpful for this study. NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 247 BP 756 EP 769 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.08.100 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 268NG UT WOS:000328177000100 ER PT J AU Wang, ZC Xin, L Zhao, XS Qiu, Y Zhang, ZY Baturina, OA Li, WZ AF Wang, Zhichao Xin, Le Zhao, Xusheng Qiu, Yang Zhang, Zhiyong Baturina, Olga A. Li, Wenzhen TI Carbon supported Ag nanoparticles with different particle size as cathode catalysts for anion exchange membrane direct glycerol fuel cells SO RENEWABLE ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Renewable energy; Non-precious metal; Nanoparticle; Electrocatalyst; Anion exchange membrane; Biorenewables ID OXYGEN REDUCTION; ALCOHOL OXIDATION; SODIUM-HYDROXIDE; ALKALINE MEDIA; BIOFUEL CELL; ELECTROCATALYSTS; METHANOL; SILVER; ELECTROLYTE; PLATINUM AB The effect of Ag particle size on oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode was investigated in anion exchange membrane direct glycerol fuel cells (AEM-DGFC) with oxygen as an oxidant. At the anode, high purity glycerol (99.8 wt%) or crude glycerol (88 wt%, from soybean biodiesel) was used as fuel, and commercial Pt/C served as the anode catalyst. A solution phase-based nanocapsule synthesis method was successfully developed to prepare the non-precious Ag/C cathode catalyst, with LiBEt3H as a reducing agent. XRD and TEM characterizations show that as-synthesized Ag nanoparticles (NP) with a size of 2-9 nm are well dispersed on the Vulcan XC-72 carbon black support. Commercial Ag nanoparticles with a size of 20 -40 nm were also supported on carbon black as a control sample. The results show that higher peak power density was obtained in AEM-DGFC employing an Ag-NP catalyst with smaller particle size: nanocapsule made Ag-NP > commercial Ag-NP (Alfa Aesar, 99.9%). With the nanocapsule Ag-NP cathode catalyst, the peak power density and open circuit voltage (OCV) of AEM-DGFC with high-purity glycerol at 80 degrees C are 86 mW cm(-2) and 0.73 V, respectively. These are much higher than 45 mW cm(-2) and 0.68 V for the AEM-DGFC with the commercial Ag/C cathode catalyst, which can be attributed to the enhanced kinetics and reduced internal resistance. Directly fed with crude glycerol, the AEM-DGFC with the nanocapsule Ag-NP cathode catalyst shows an encouraging peak power density of 66 mW cm(-2), which shows great potential of direct use of biodiesel waste fuel for electricity generation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Zhichao; Xin, Le; Zhao, Xusheng; Qiu, Yang; Zhang, Zhiyong; Li, Wenzhen] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Baturina, Olga A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Li, WZ (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM wzli@mtu.edu RI Zhang, Zhiyong/H-5611-2012 OI Zhang, Zhiyong/0000-0001-7936-9510 FU US National Science Foundation [CBET-1032547, CBET1235982]; American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; Michigan Tech Research Excellence Fund - Research Seeds (REF-RS) [E49290]; Gray&Anderson Scholarship FX We acknowledge the US National Science Foundation (CBET-1032547, CBET1235982). Acknowledgment is also made to the Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for partial support of this research. W. Li thanks the support from Michigan Tech Research Excellence Fund - Research Seeds (REF-RS) grant E49290. Z. Wang thanks the Gray&Anderson Scholarship. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 126 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-1481 J9 RENEW ENERG JI Renew. Energy PD FEB PY 2014 VL 62 BP 556 EP 562 DI 10.1016/j.renene.2013.08.005 PG 7 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 267JX UT WOS:000328095000063 ER PT J AU Pang, CK Hong, F Nagashima, M AF Pang, Chee Khiang Hong, Fan Nagashima, Masaki TI Introduction to the special issue on intelligent control of high-performance engineering systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Pang, Chee Khiang] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Hong, Fan] ASTAR, Data Storage Inst, Singapore, Singapore. [Nagashima, Masaki] Naval Postgrad Sch, Spacecraft Res & Design Ctr, Monterey, CA USA. RP Pang, CK (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore 117548, Singapore. EM justinpang@nus.edu.sg; HONG_Fan@dsi.a-star.edu.sg; mnagashi@nps.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7721 J9 INT J SYST SCI JI Int. J. Syst. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 SI SI BP 95 EP 96 DI 10.1080/00207721.2013.824668 PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Operations Research & Management Science SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 221QO UT WOS:000324673600001 ER PT J AU Nagashima, M Agrawal, BN AF Nagashima, M. Agrawal, B. N. TI Active control of adaptive optics system in a large segmented mirror telescope SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE segmented mirror telescope; adaptive optics; H-infinity control; modal decomposition; sensitivity decoupling method AB For a large adaptive optics system such as a large segmented mirror telescope (SMT), it is often difficult, although not impossible, to directly apply common multi-input multi-output (MIMO) controller design methods due to the computational burden imposed by the large dimension of the system model. In this article, a practical controller design method is proposed which significantly reduces the system dimension for a system where the dimension required to represent the dynamics of the plant is much smaller than the dimension of the full plant model. The proposed method decouples the dynamic and static parts of the plant model by a modal decomposition technique to separately design a controller for each part. Two controllers are then combined using the so-called sensitivity decoupling method so that the resulting feedback loop becomes the superposition of the two individual feedback loops of the dynamic and static parts. A MIMO controller was designed by the proposed method using the H loop-shaping technique for an SMT model to be compared with other controllers proposed in the literature. Frequency-domain analysis and time-domain simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed controller. C1 [Nagashima, M.; Agrawal, B. N.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Nagashima, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 699 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mn182@columbia.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7721 J9 INT J SYST SCI JI Int. J. Syst. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 SI SI BP 159 EP 175 DI 10.1080/00207721.2012.683835 PG 17 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Operations Research & Management Science SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 221QO UT WOS:000324673600007 ER PT J AU Green, EL Loehr, NA Pelley, AN AF Green, Edward L. Loehr, Nicholas A. Pelley, Allen N. TI C-RINGS, COPRODUCTS, AND REFLECTION FUNCTORS SO JOURNAL OF ALGEBRA AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Coproduct; reflection functor; path algebra; derived equivalence AB The paper begins with a detailed study of the category of modules over two different rings using a coproduct construction. If C is a commutative ring and R and S are rings together with ring homomorphisms from C to R and C to S, then we show that the category of C-modules that are also left R-modules and right S-modules is equivalent to the category of left modules over the coproduct of R and S-op in an appropriate category. Letting K denote a field, we apply this to show that the category of K-representations of a quiver that is reflection equivalent to a path algebra K Gamma is equivalent to a full subcategory of left and right K-representations of K Gamma. C1 [Green, Edward L.; Loehr, Nicholas A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Loehr, Nicholas A.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Pelley, Allen N.] Bethune Cookman Univ, Dept Math, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. RP Green, EL (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Math, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM green@math.vt.edu; nloehr@math.vt.edu; pelleya@cookman.edu FU Simons Foundation [244398] FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. This work was partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation (#244398 to Nicholas Loehr). NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 18 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0219-4988 J9 J ALGEBRA APPL JI J. Algebra. Appl. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 13 IS 1 DI 10.1142/S0219498813500710 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 204PU UT WOS:000323380900011 ER PT J AU Koufos, AP Papaconstantopoulos, DA Mehl, MJ AF Koufos, Alexander P. Papaconstantopoulos, Dimitrios A. Mehl, Michael J. TI First-principles study of the electronic structure of iron-selenium: Implications for electron-phonon superconductivity SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; TRANSITION-METALS; PRESSURE; TEMPERATURE; FESE AB We have performed density functional theory calculations using the linearized augmented plane wave method (LAPW) with the local density approximation (LDA) functional to study the electronic structure of the iron-based superconductor iron-selenium (FeSe). In our study, we have performed a comprehensive set of calculations involving structural, atomic, and spin configurations. All calculations were executed using the tetragonal lead-oxide or P4/nmm structure, with various volumes, c/a ratios, and internal parameters. Furthermore, we investigated the spin polarization using the LDA functional to assess ferromagnetism in this material. The paramagnetic LDA calculations find the equilibrium configuration of FeSe in the P4/nmm structure to have a volume of 472.5 a.u.(3) with a c/a ratio of 1.50 and internal parameter of 0.255, with the ferromagnetic having comparable results to the paramagnetic case. In addition, we calculated total energies for FeSe using a pseudopotential method, and found comparable results to the LAPW calculations. Superconductivity calculations were done using the Gaspari-Gyorffy and the McMillan formalisms and found substantial electron-phonon coupling. Under pressure, our calculations show that the superconductivity critical temperature continues to rise, but underestimates the measured values. C1 [Koufos, Alexander P.; Papaconstantopoulos, Dimitrios A.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Mehl, Michael J.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Koufos, AP (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 FU DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46425]; ONR [N00014-09-1-1025] FX This research was funded in part by DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46425 and by ONR Grant No. N00014-09-1-1025. We wish to thank Igor Mazin and Michelle Johannes for useful discussions. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 31 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 035150 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.035150 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC2MX UT WOS:000332336500004 ER PT J AU Anderson, TJ Feigelson, BN Kub, FJ Tadjer, MJ Hobart, KD Mastro, MA Hite, JK Eddy, CR AF Anderson, T. J. Feigelson, B. N. Kub, F. J. Tadjer, M. J. Hobart, K. D. Mastro, M. A. Hite, J. K. Eddy, C. R., Jr. TI Activation of Mg implanted in GaN by multicycle rapid thermal annealing SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE band-pass filters; invertors; microstrip filters; microwave filters; resonator filters; UHF filters; i >>-4 stepped impedance resonator; fourth-order fully canonical dual-band bandpass filter; DB-BPF; dual-band i >>-4 SIR; inverter; finite transmission zero; fourth-order microstrip DB-BPF; frequency 1; 8 GHz; frequency 5; 8 GHz AB A long-standing goal of GaN device research has been the development of a reliable, well-controlled process for p-GaN formation by ion implantation. Results to date have indicated an activation of 1% or less using high-temperature rapid thermal annealing (RTA) techniques and coimplantation. Although Mg is a relatively deep acceptor, this is still much less than the theoretically achievable value (8.2% based on the 160 meV acceptor level). A multicycle RTA process is presented that is capable of achieving up to 8% activation of the Mg-implanted GaN. This approaches the theoretical value, and represents a significant step in GaN device research. C1 [Anderson, T. J.; Feigelson, B. N.; Kub, F. J.; Tadjer, M. J.; Hobart, K. D.; Mastro, M. A.; Hite, J. K.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM travis.anderson@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU American Society for Engineering Education; Office of Naval Research FX M.J. Tadjer thanks the American Society for Engineering Education Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. Work at the Naval Research Laboratory was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 6 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 41 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JAN 30 PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 197 EP 198 DI 10.1049/el.2013.3214 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA AA7LY UT WOS:000331280100041 ER PT J AU Coneski, PN Fulmer, PA Giles, SL Wynne, JH AF Coneski, Peter N. Fulmer, Preston A. Giles, Spencer L. Wynne, James H. TI Lyotropic self-assembly in electrospun biocidal polyurethane nanofibers regulates antimicrobial efficacy SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Electrospinning; Biocidal; Quaternary ammonium ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; POLYMERIC NANOFIBERS; CRYSTALLIZATION; FIBERS; NYLON-6; CHAIN; SALTS; CRYSTALLINITY; FABRICATION; MORPHOLOGY AB Electrospinning of a series of soft segment-free biocidal polyurethanes was undertaken to facilitate examination of the influence of fiber size and morphology on resulting biocidal activity. Although the fibrous nanomaterials greatly outperformed films of the same composition, tunability of resulting activities was also accomplished by controlling crystallization of the nanofibers through electrospinning parameter modulation. While inaccessibility of quaternary ammonium biocides driven by extensive fiber crystallization limited overall antimicrobial activity, biocide structure and electrospinning parameters were utilized to overcome material limitations in order to generate highly antimicrobial materials. Overall, processing conditions were shown to be decisive elements in dictating activities as specific polymer compositions were characterized as having antimicrobial activities spanning over 4 orders of magnitude depending on electrospinning conditions and up to 7 orders of magnitude when compared to films of the same composition. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Coneski, Peter N.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Coneski, Peter N.; Fulmer, Preston A.; Giles, Spencer L.; Wynne, James H.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wynne, JH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6100,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.wynne@nrl.navy.mil RI Fulmer, Preston/L-7702-2014 OI Fulmer, Preston/0000-0002-2981-576X FU Office of Naval Research; Naval Research Laboratory; American Society for Engineering Education FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research and the Naval Research Laboratory. PNC acknowledges support from the American Society for Engineering Education. PNC performed this work while under contract with the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 EI 1873-2291 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JAN 30 PY 2014 VL 55 IS 2 BP 495 EP 504 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.12.011 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA AA5QM UT WOS:000331154700006 ER PT J AU Alnemrat, S Hooper, JP Vasiliev, I Kiefer, B AF Alnemrat, S. Hooper, J. P. Vasiliev, I. Kiefer, B. TI The role of equilibrium volume and magnetism on the stability of iron phases at high pressures SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article DE high pressure; magnetism; iron phases; stability ID EARTHS INNER-CORE; GENERALIZED-GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; BCC-FE; STATIC COMPRESSION; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS; TRANSITION-METALS; STONER THEORY; BAND THEORY AB The present study provides new insights into the pressure dependence of magnetism by tracking the hybridization between crystal orbitals for pressures up to 600 GPa in the known hcp, bcc and fcc iron. The Birch-Murnaghan equation of state parameters are; bcc: V-0 = 11.759 A(3)/atom, K-0 = 177.72 GPa; hcp: V-0 = 10.525 A(3)/atom, K-0 = 295.16 GPa; and fcc: V-0 = 10.682 A(3)/atom, K-0 = 274.57 GPa. These parameters compare favorably with previous studies. Consistent with previous studies we find that the close-packed hcp and fcc phases are non-magnetic at pressures above 50 GPa and 60 GPa, respectively. The principal features of magnetism in iron are predicted to be invariant, at least up to similar to 6% overextension of the equilibrium volume. Our results predict that magnetism for overextended fcc iron disappears via an intermediate spin state. This feature suggests that overextended lattices can be used to stabilize particular magnetic states. The analysis of the orbital hybridization shows that the magnetic bcc structure at high pressures is stabilized by splitting the majority and minority spin bands. The bcc phase is found to be magnetic at least up to 600 GPa; however, magnetism is insufficient to stabilize the bcc phase itself, at least at low temperatures. Finally, the analysis of the orbital contributions to the total energy provides evidence that non-magnetic hcp and fcc phases are likely more stable than bcc at core earth pressures. C1 [Alnemrat, S.; Vasiliev, I.; Kiefer, B.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Alnemrat, S.; Hooper, J. P.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Alnemrat, S (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM smalnemr@nps.edu RI alnemrat, sufian/J-4511-2015 OI alnemrat, sufian/0000-0002-5143-4066 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0636075] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. EAR-0636075. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 30 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD JAN 29 PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 AR 046001 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/26/4/046001 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 303PG UT WOS:000330685900016 PM 24355938 ER PT J AU Luu, P Caggiano, DM Geyer, A Lewis, J Cohn, J Tucker, DM AF Phan Luu Caggiano, Daniel M. Geyer, Alexandra Lewis, Jenn Cohn, Joseph Tucker, Don M. TI Time-course of cortical networks involved in working memory SO FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dense-array EEG; working memory; attention; temporal parietal junction; frontal lobe ID MONKEY PREFRONTAL CORTEX; DIRECTED ATTENTION; BRAIN CONNECTIVITY; SPATIAL ATTENTION; VISUAL-CORTEX; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; TASK; SELECTION; EXPECTATION AB Working memory (VW) is one of the most studied cognitive constructs. Although many neuroimaging studies have identified brain networks involved in VVM, the time course of these networks remains unclear. In this paper we use dense-array electroencephalography (dEEG) to capture neural signals during performance of a standard VVM task, the n-back task, and a blend of principal components analysis and independent components analysis (PCA/ICA) to statistically identify networks of WM and their time courses. Results reveal a visual cortex centric network, that also includes the posterior ungulate cortex, that is active prior to stimulus onset and that appears to reflect anticipatory, attention-related processes. After stimulus onset, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, lateral prefrontal prefrontal cortex, and temporal poles become associated with the prestimulus network. This second network appears to reflect executive control processes. Following activation of the second network, the cortices of the temporo-parietal junction with the temporal lobe structures seen in the first and second networks re-engage. This third network appears to reflect activity of the ventral attention network involved in control of attentional reorientation. The results point to important temporal features of network dynamics that integrate multiple subsystems of the ventral attention network with the default mode network in the performance of working memory tasks. C1 [Phan Luu; Lewis, Jenn; Tucker, Don M.] Elect Geodes Inc, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Phan Luu; Lewis, Jenn; Tucker, Don M.] Univ Oregon, Dept Psychol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Caggiano, Daniel M.; Geyer, Alexandra] Aptima Inc, Woburn, MA USA. [Cohn, Joseph] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Luu, P (reprint author), Elect Geodes Inc, 1600 Millrace Dr, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM pluu@egi.com FU Office of Naval Research FX This researcli is funded by a grant from the Office of Naval Research. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-5161 J9 FRONT HUM NEUROSCI JI Front. Hum. Neurosci. PD JAN 29 PY 2014 VL 8 DI 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00004 PG 15 WC Neurosciences; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA 302VX UT WOS:000330634200001 ER PT J AU Keller, AM Ghosh, Y Phipps, ME Stewart, MH Lidke, DS Wilson, BS Hollingsworth, JA Werner, JH AF Keller, Aaron M. Ghosh, Yagnaseni Phipps, Mary E. Stewart, Michael H. Lidke, Diane S. Wilson, Bridget S. Hollingsworth, Jennifer A. Werner, James H. TI 3 Dimensional Tracking of Blinking Suppressed Quantum Dots in Live Cells SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 15-19, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Keller, Aaron M.; Phipps, Mary E.; Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.; Werner, James H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Ghosh, Yagnaseni] Pacific Light Technol, Portland, OR USA. [Stewart, Michael H.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Lidke, Diane S.; Wilson, Bridget S.] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 SU 1 BP 216A EP 216A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA AI6QE UT WOS:000337000401208 ER PT J AU Raphael, M Christodoulides, J Delehanty, J Long, J Byers, J AF Raphael, Marc Christodoulides, Joseph Delehanty, James Long, James Byers, Jeff TI Quantitative Imaging of Protein Secretions from Single Cells in Real Time SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 58th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society CY FEB 15-19, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP Biophys Soc C1 [Raphael, Marc; Christodoulides, Joseph; Delehanty, James; Long, James; Byers, Jeff] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 106 IS 2 SU 1 BP 607A EP 607A PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA AI6QE UT WOS:000337000403409 ER PT J AU Siskind, DE McCormack, JP AF Siskind, D. E. McCormack, J. P. TI Summer mesospheric warmings and the quasi 2 day wave SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE mesosphere ID QUASI-2-DAY WAVE; MODEL; TEMPERATURES AB High-altitude meteorological analyses are used to study the interannual variability of mesospheric weather in the Southern extratropics over five recent January's (2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, and 2010). Two features are apparent. First, there is significant variability in the quasi 2 day wave (Q2DW) with the largest amplitudes in January 2006 and also the last half of January 2005. Second, these periods coincide with high-latitude temperature enhancements of 8-12K. Previous studies have linked summer mesospheric warmings to interhemispheric coupling (IHC); however, the observed temperature and zonal wind anomalies do not agree with the predictions of IHC. Rather it appears that the westward momentum forcing from these Q2DW enhancements counteracts the gravity wave drag forcing which normally produces the cold summer mesopause. Since these temperature increases have been linked to Polar Mesospheric Cloud (PMC) disappearance, the present study supports the suggestion that the Q2DW may be an important factor governing PMC variability. C1 [Siskind, D. E.; McCormack, J. P.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.siskind@nrl.navy.mil OI McCormack, John/0000-0002-3674-0508 FU Office of Naval Research; NASA [NNH13AV95L, NNH13AW41I] FX Funding for this work comes from the Office of Naval Research and NASA LWS grants NNH13AV95L and NNH13AW41I. We also acknowledge useful discussions with the AIM science team on this topic which was one motivation for the work. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 41 IS 2 BP 717 EP 722 DI 10.1002/2013GL058875 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AD1JT UT WOS:000332991000074 ER PT J AU Boyd, DA Naciri, J Fontana, J Pacardo, DB Shields, AR Verbarg, J Spillmann, CM Ligler, FS AF Boyd, Darryl A. Naciri, Jawad Fontana, Jake Pacardo, Dennis B. Shields, Adam R. Verbarg, Jasenka Spillmann, Christopher M. Ligler, Frances S. TI Facile Fabrication of Color Tunable Film and Fiber Nanocomposites via Thiol Click Chemistry SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ENE; SURFACE; YNE; NANOTECHNOLOGY; LITHOGRAPHY; ABSORPTION AB A simple method for the fabrication of nanocomposite materials using thiol click chemistry is reported. The thiol click nanocomposite materials produced each displayed distinctive colors which were found to be dependent on both the ligand used to functionalize the nanoparticles and the concentration of nanoparticles in the materials. Functionalized metallic nanospheres were combined with thiol click solutions forming viscous prepolymer solutions which were then polymerized upon UV light exposure. Films were fabricated in a custom-built film mold, and microfibers were fabricated using hydrodynamic focusing in a microfluidic channel. For this study, three unique thiolated ligands-including a newly synthesized ligand were used to functionalize the nanospheres, thus assisting in the facile incorporation and stability of the nanospheres within the polymers. In comparison to a previously reported method in which thiol-ene nanocomposite films were fabricated, the method reported herein reduces the fabrication time from weeks to minutes. Furthermore, the method in this report is expanded to also include fabrication of thiol-yne nanocomposites. Young's moduli and glass transition temperatures were determined for the materials, while UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and optical analyses were also performed in order to characterize the nanocomposites. C1 [Boyd, Darryl A.; Naciri, Jawad; Fontana, Jake; Shields, Adam R.; Verbarg, Jasenka; Spillmann, Christopher M.] US Navy, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pacardo, Dennis B.; Ligler, Frances S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biomed Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Pacardo, Dennis B.; Ligler, Frances S.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Boyd, DA (reprint author), US Navy, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM darryl.boyd.ctr@nrl.navy.mil RI Boyd, Darryl/F-4269-2016 OI Boyd, Darryl/0000-0001-7327-2443 FU ONR/NRL Work Unit 9899; State of North Carolina; National Science Foundation FX Darryl A. Boyd, Jake Fontana, Adam R. Shields, and Jasenka Verbarg performed this work while National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellows. The work was supported by ONR/NRL Work Unit 9899. The views are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or policy of the US Navy or Department of Defense. The authors acknowledge the use of the Analytical Instrumentation Facility (AIF) at the North Carolina State University; which is supported by the State of North Carolina and the National Science Foundation. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 88 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 BP 695 EP 704 DI 10.1021/ma401636e PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 301PD UT WOS:000330543500027 ER PT J AU Jacobs, VL Burke, PG Potvliege, RM AF Jacobs, V. L. Burke, P. G. Potvliege, R. M. TI Liouville-space R-matrix-Floquet description of atomic radiative processes involving autoionizing states in the presence of intense electromagnetic fields SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE reduced density operator; coherent optical phenomena; many-electron atomic systems; Liouville space; R-matrix-Floquet method ID STRONG COHERENT RADIATION; DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION; MULTIPHOTON PROCESSES; DENSITY-MATRIX; UNIFIED DESCRIPTION; GENERAL PROGRAM; CO2-LASER FIELD; SOLAR CORONA; SCATTERING; ELECTRON AB A reduced-density-operator description is developed for coherent optical phenomena in many-electron atomic systems, utilizing a Liouville-space, multiple-mode Floquet-Fourier representation. The Liouville-space formulation provides a natural generalization of the ordinary Hilbrt-space (Hamiltonian) R-matrix-Floquet method, which has been developed for multi-photon transitions and laser-assisted electron-atom collision processes. In these applications, the R-matrix-Floquet method has been demonstrated to be capable of providing an accurate representation of the complex, multi-level structure of many-electron atomic systems in bound, continuum, and autoionizing states. The ordinary Hilbert-space (Hamiltonian) formulation of the R-matrix-Floquet method has been implemented in highly developed computer programs, which can provide a non-perturbative treatment of the interaction of a classical, multiple-mode electromagnetic field with a quantum system. This quantum system may correspond to a many-electron, bound atomic system and a single continuum electron. However, including pseudo-states in the expansion of the many-electron atomic wave function can provide a representation of multiple continuum electrons. The 'dressed' many-electron atomic states thereby obtained can be used in a realistic non-perturbative evaluation of the transition probabilities for an extensive class of atomic collision and radiation processes in the presence of intense electromagnetic fields. In order to incorporate environmental relaxation and decoherence phenomena, we propose to utilize the ordinary Hilbert-space (Hamiltonian) R-matrix-Floquet method as a starting-point for a Liouville-space (reduced-density-operator) formulation. To illustrate how the Liouville-space R-matrix-Floquet formulation can be implemented for coherent atomic radiative processes, we discuss applications to electromagnetically induced transparency, as well as to related pump-probe optical phenomena, and also to the unified description of radiative and dielectronic recombination in electron-ion beam interactions and high-temperature plasmas. C1 [Jacobs, V. L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Burke, P. G.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Potvliege, R. M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Ctr JQC Durham Newcastle, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Jacobs, VL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM verne.jacobs@nrl.navy.mil FU United Kingdom Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/F040253/1]; United States Office of Naval Research through the Basic Research Program at the Naval Research Laboratory; Advanced Graduate Research (Sabbatical) Program at the Naval Research Laboratory FX VLJ gratefully acknowledges the financial support for his research work that has been provided by the United States Office of Naval Research through the Basic Research Program at the Naval Research Laboratory. He also wishes to express his gratitude for the hospitality of the Atomic and Molecular Physics Group in the Department of Physics at Durham University during his numerous visits, beginning during the spring semester of 2005 under the auspices of the Advanced Graduate Research (Sabbatical) Program at the Naval Research Laboratory. The work of RMP has been partially supported by the United Kingdom Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under the research grant number EP/F040253/1. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 AR 025401 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/47/2/025401 PG 25 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 288PS UT WOS:000329624700012 ER PT J AU Siskind, DE AF Siskind, David E. TI Simulations of the winter stratopause and summer mesopause at varying spatial resolutions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GRAVITY-WAVE DRAG; WEATHER PREDICTION MODELS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MIDDLE-ATMOSPHERE; SPECTRAL PARAMETERIZATION; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; CLIMATE MODELS; MESOSPHERE; BREAKING; GCM AB The high-altitude analysis from the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System-Advanced Level Physics High Altitude (NOGAPS-ALPHA) forecast/assimilation system is used to initialize a series of 10 day forecasts at different spatial resolutions without any assumed gravity wave drag parameterization. As the spatial resolution is increased from 2.25 degrees (spectral truncation at 79 total wave numbers, T79) to 0.75 degrees (T239) and finally, to 0.375 degrees (T479), the model simulation progressively improves compared with the analysis. The model vertical momentum fluxes are significantly greater at T479 relative to T239, consistent with resolving a greater fraction of the gravity wave spectrum. However, even at 0.375 degrees resolution, a residual cold bias at the winter stratopause and warm bias at the summer mesopause remain, suggesting a continuing need for parameterized gravity wave drag. In addition, the zonal mean temperature solution is sensitive to the assumed value of spectral hyperdiffusion, thus highlighting an additional parameter that must be properly tuned in high-resolution middle atmosphere models. C1 Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Siskind, DE (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.siskind@nrl.navy.mil OI Siskind, David/0000-0003-1394-7730 FU Office of Naval Research; NASA Heliophysics Theory Program FX I thank my colleagues in the Space Science, Remote Sensing, and Marine Meteorology Divisions at the Naval Research Laboratory for their efforts in developing, and their assistance in using, NOGAPS-ALPHA. I specifically thank Steve Eckermann for initially motivating this study and for his helpful suggestions. This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research and the NASA Heliophysics Theory Program. The NOGAPS-ALPHA forecasts and analysis products were also supported by a grant of computer time from the DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 27 PY 2014 VL 119 IS 2 BP 461 EP 470 DI 10.1002/2013JD020985 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AK3PV UT WOS:000338338100003 ER PT J AU Makinen, AJ Kim, CS Kushto, GP AF Maekinen, A. J. Kim, Chul-Soo Kushto, G. P. TI Monolayer-induced band shifts at Si(100) and Si(111) surfaces SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SI SURFACES; SILICON; FUNCTIONALIZATION; MODULATION AB We report our study of the interfacial electronic structure of Si(100) and Si(111) surfaces that have been chemically modified with various organic monolayers, including octadecene and two para-substituted benzene derivatives. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals an upward band shift, associated with the assembly of these organic monolayers on the Si substrates, that does not correlate with either the dipole moment or the electron withdrawing/donating character of the molecular moieties. This suggests that the nature and quality of the self-assembled monolayer and the intrinsic electronic structure of the semiconductor material define the interfacial electronic structure of the functionalized Si(100) and Si(111) surfaces. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Maekinen, A. J.; Kim, Chul-Soo; Kushto, G. P.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Makinen, AJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM Antti.Makinen@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Naval Research for support of this work. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 27 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 4 AR 041601 DI 10.1063/1.4863419 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA AA6LN UT WOS:000331209900018 ER PT J AU Downs, IP Perepezko, JH Sakidja, R Choi, SR AF Downs, I. P. Perepezko, J. H. Sakidja, R. Choi, S. R. TI Suppressing CMAS attack with a MoSiB-based coating SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CMAS; MoSiB based coating; Pack cementation; Oxidation ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; OXIDATION-RESISTANT COATINGS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE ATTACK; GLASSY DEPOSITS; DELAMINATION; DEGRADATION; MECHANISMS; ALLOYS; ENGINE AB Molten CMAS (calcia-magnesia-aluminosilica) deposits penetrate and interact with thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in gas-turbine engines to degrade the zirconia-based TBCs and the overall TBC performance. To address the CMAS attack some approaches have been advanced based upon sealing the TBC or altering the TBC composition. A new strategy is presented based upon the application of a MoSiB based coating applied by pack cementation. The interaction between the MoSiB-based coating on a Mo substrate and CMAS is evaluated on two types of natural CMAS sands and on a commonly studied synthetic CMAS. The MoSiB-based coating arrests CMAS melt penetration by an in-situ reaction that yields crystallization products that act to immobilize the CMAS. The coating design is demonstrated to be effective in preventing CMAS attack during isothermal exposure at temperatures up to at least 1500 degrees C and during thermal cycling. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Downs, I. P.; Perepezko, J. H.; Sakidja, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Choi, S. R.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Perepezko, JH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1509 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM perepezk@engr.wisc.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0913] FX We are grateful for the support from the Office of Naval Research (N00014-10-1-0913, Dr. David Shifler, Program Manager). We thank Professor N. P. Padture (Brown University) for his kind cooperation in supplying samples of synthetic CMAS. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JAN 25 PY 2014 VL 239 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.11.032 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA AB0PR UT WOS:000331495100020 ER PT J AU Johnson, EN Roediger, MP Landrum, ML Crum-Cianflone, NF Weintrob, AC Ganesan, A Okulicz, JF Macalino, GE Agan, BK AF Johnson, Erica N. Roediger, Mollie P. Landrum, Michael L. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. Weintrob, Amy C. Ganesan, Anuradha Okulicz, Jason F. Macalino, Grace E. Agan, Brian K. CA Infect Dis Clinical Res Program HI TI Race/ethnicity and HAART initiation in a military HIV infected cohort SO AIDS RESEARCH AND THERAPY LA English DT Article DE HIV; HAART; Race; Ethnicity; Indications for HIV treatment; Disparities in care; African Americans ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; EQUAL ACCESS; RACE; CARE; WOMEN; ADHERENCE; HIV/AIDS; PATTERNS AB Background: Prior studies have suggested that HAART initiation may vary by race/ethnicity. Utilizing the U.S. military healthcare system, which minimizes confounding from healthcare access, we analyzed whether timing of HAART initiation and the appropriate initiation of primary prophylaxis among those at high risk for pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) varies by race/ethnicity. Methods: Participants in the U. S. Military HIV Natural History Study from 1998-2009 who had not initiated HAART before 1998 and who, based on DHHS guidelines, had a definite indication for HAART (CD4 <200, AIDS event or severe symptoms; Group A), an indication to consider HAART (including CD4 <350; Group B) or electively started HAART (CD4 >350; Group C) were analyzed for factors associated with HAART initiation. In a secondary analysis, participants were also evaluated for factors associated with starting primary PCP prophylaxis within four months of a CD4 count <200 cells/mm(3). Multiple logistic regression was used to compare those who started vs. delayed therapy; comparisons were expressed as odds ratios (OR). Results: 1262 participants were evaluated in the analysis of HAART initiation (A = 208, B = 637, C = 479 [ 62 participants were evaluated in both Groups A and B]; 94% male, 46% African American, 40% Caucasian). Race/ethnicity was not associated with HAART initiation in Groups A or B. In Group C, African American race/ethnicity was associated with lower odds of initiating HAART (OR 0.49, p = 0.04). Race and ethnicity were also not associated with the initiation of primary PCP prophylaxis among the 408 participants who were at risk. Conclusions: No disparities in the initiation of HAART or primary PCP prophylaxis according to race/ethnicity were seen among those with an indication for therapy. Among those electively initiating HAART at the highest CD4 cell counts, African American race/ethnicity was associated with decreased odds of starting. This suggests that free healthcare can potentially overcome some of the observed disparities in HIV care, but that unmeasured factors may contribute to differences in elective care decisions. C1 [Johnson, Erica N.; Roediger, Mollie P.; Landrum, Michael L.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.; Weintrob, Amy C.; Ganesan, Anuradha; Okulicz, Jason F.; Macalino, Grace E.; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Johnson, Erica N.; Landrum, Michael L.; Okulicz, Jason F.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. [Roediger, Mollie P.] Univ Minnesota, Biostat Div, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Weintrob, Amy C.; Ganesan, Anuradha] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Agan, BK (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM bagan@idcrp.org OI Polis, Michael/0000-0002-9151-2268; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program [IDCRP-000-13]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [Y1-AI-5072] FX Support for this work (IDCRP-000-13) was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), a Department of Defense (DoD) program executed through the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. This project has been funded in whole, or in part, with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Inter-Agency Agreement Y1-AI-5072. We would like to express our gratitude to the current members of the IDCRP HIV Working Group and the long line of military HIV researchers who have supported the HIV NHS and for the research coordinators and support staff for their countless hours of work. Most importantly, we would like to thank the volunteers for their participation, without which this research would not have been possible. Members of the IDCRP HIV Working Group in addition to the Authors: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD-M. Kortepeter; Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Bethesda, Bethesda, MD - C. Decker, S. Fraser, J. Hartzell, R. Ressner, P. Waterman, T. Warkentien, T. Whitman, G. Wortmann, M. Zapor; Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, VA-T. Lalani; San Antonio Military Medical Center, San Antonio, TX-S. Merritt; Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA-M. Bavaro, H. Chun; Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI-G. Hsue, A. Johnson; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD-C. Eggleston, R. O'Connell, S. Peel; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD-M. Polis, J. Powers, E. Tramont. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-6405 J9 AIDS RES THER JI Aids Res. Ther. PD JAN 24 PY 2014 VL 11 AR 10 DI 10.1186/1742-6405-11-10 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AB8GF UT WOS:000332027500001 PM 24460764 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Alford, J Anson, CD Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Balewski, J Banerjee, A Bamovska, Z Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Brovko, SG Bultmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HE Chen, JH Chen, L Cheng, J Chemey, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Das, S Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Dhamija, S di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Ding, E Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efmunov, LG Engelage, J Engle, KS Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Garand, D Geurts, E Gibson, A Girard, M Gliske, S Grosnick, D Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Haque, R Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Don, DMMDM Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nogach, LV Noh, SY Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Peterson, A Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Quintero, A Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smimov, D Smimov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sumbera, M Sun, X Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Tumau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbaek, E Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YE Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, Y Xu, Z Yan, W Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Y Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, Y Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkameeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anson, C. D. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Banerjee, A. Bamovska, Z. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Brovko, S. G. Bueltmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. E. Chen, J. H. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Chemey, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Das, S. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. de Souza, R. Derradi Dhamija, S. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Ding, E. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efmunov, L. G. Engelage, J. Engle, K. S. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Garand, D. Geurts, E. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Gliske, S. Grosnick, D. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Peterson, A. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Quintero, A. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smimov, D. Smimov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szanto de Toledo, A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Tumau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbaek, E. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. E. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yan, W. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, Y. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkameeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Energy Dependence of Moments of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions at RHIC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; QCD PHASE-DIAGRAM; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; CRITICAL-POINT; COLLISIONS; TRANSITION; FLUCTUATIONS; MODEL; COLLABORATION; PERSPECTIVE AB We report the beam energy (root S-NN = 7.7-200 GeV) and collision centrality dependence of the mean (M), standard deviation (sigma), skewness (S), and kurtosis (kappa) of the net-proton multiplicity distributions in Au + Au collisions. The measurements are carried out by the STAR experiment at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.5) and within the transverse momentum range 0.4 < p(T) < 0.8 GeV/c in the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These measurements are important for understanding the quantum chromodynamic phase diagram. The products of the moments, S sigma and K sigma(2), are sensitive to the correlation length of the hot and dense medium created in the collisions and are related to the ratios of baryon number susceptibilities of corresponding orders. The products of moments are found to have values significantly below the Skellam expectation and close to expectations based on independent proton and antiproton production. The measurements are compared to a transport model calculation to understand the effect of acceptance and baryon number conservation and also to a hadron resonance gas model. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dunlop, J. 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M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Wu, Y. E.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Wang, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Kycia, R. A.] Cracow Univ Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Chemey, M.; Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Hajkova, O.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn, CR-11519 Prague, Czech Republic. [Bamovska, Z.; Bielcikova, J.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.; Vertesi, R.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Nucl Phys, CZ-25068 Rez, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kulakov, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Sahu, P. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Dhamija, S.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Kalinkin, D.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efmunov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkameeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Bouchet, J.; Keane, D.; Margetis, S.; Quintero, A.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Korsch, W.; Ramachandran, S.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon, South Korea. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Odyniec, G.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, S. S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Stevens, J. R.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Haque, R.; Kumar, L.; Mohanty, B.; Nasim, Md.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Anson, C. D.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Peterson, A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bueltmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Pawlik, B.; Tumau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Cendejas, R.; Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Garand, D.; Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Xie, W.; Yi, L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, E.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. E.; Cui, X.; Guo, Y.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Yang, C.; Zawisza, Y.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Li, X.; Surrow, B.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Djawotho, P.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Yan, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Engle, K. S.; Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Roy, A.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, W Bengal, India. [Girard, M.; Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Sandacz, A.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smimov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Mohanty, B (reprint author), Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. EM bedanga@niser.ac.in RI Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; XIAO, Zhigang/C-3788-2015; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Kycia, Radoslaw/J-4397-2015; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012 OI Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391; Thomas, James/0000-0002-6256-4536; Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Fisyak, Yuri/0000-0002-3151-8377; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Ke, Hongwei/0000-0003-1463-7291; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Kycia, Radoslaw/0000-0002-6390-4627; FU Office of NP U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; Korean Research Foundation; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE; DST; CSIR of the Government of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation [NRF-2012004024]; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; Renaissance Technologies Corporation; DST Swarna Jayanti Fellowship; Office of HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science FX We thank M. Asakawa, R. Gavai, S. Gupta, F. Karsch, K. Rajagopal, K. Redlich, and M. A. Stephanov for discussions related to this work. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, and the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea, and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST, and MoE of China, the Korean Research Foundation, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and CSIR of the Government of India, National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation (NRF-2012004024), Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. Finally, we gratefully acknowledge a sponsored research grant for the 2006 run period from Renaissance Technologies Corporation. BM is supported by DST Swarna Jayanti Fellowship. NR 46 TC 117 Z9 118 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 23 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 3 AR 032302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.032302 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB7BK UT WOS:000331944100006 PM 24484135 ER PT J AU Sun, XY Rai, R Deschamps, JR MacKerell, AD Faden, AI Xue, FT AF Sun, Xianyu Rai, Rachita Deschamps, Jeffrey R. MacKerell, Alexander D., Jr. Faden, Alan I. Xue, Fengtian TI Boc-protected 1-(3-oxocycloalkyl)ureas via a one-step Curtius rearrangement: mechanism and scope SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 1-(3-Oxo)ureas; Curtius rearrangement; Carbamoylcarbamate; gamma-Keto carboxylic acid; 1-(3-Oxocyclobutyl) carboxylic acid ID CYCLOBUTENONE AB 1-(3-Oxocyclobutyl) carboxylic acid (4a) was converted into N-Boc-protected 1-(3-oxocyclobutyl) urea (5a), a key intermediate for the preparation of agonists of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5, in one-step when treated with diphenyl phosphoryl azide and triethylamine in tert-butanol. The mechanism of the reaction involves a nucleophilic addition of the in situ generated tert-butyl carbamate to the isocyanate intermediate. This reaction is applicable to other 1-(3-oxocycloalkyl) carboxylic acids but not to linear gamma-keto carboxylic acids. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sun, Xianyu; Rai, Rachita; MacKerell, Alexander D., Jr.; Xue, Fengtian] Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Faden, Alan I.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sun, Xianyu] Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Tech, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. RP Xue, FT (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 20 Penn St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM fxue@rx.umaryland.edu OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010; MacKerell, Alex/0000-0001-8287-6804 FU Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy; NIDA [Y1-DA1101]; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy. The X-ray crystallographic work was supported by NIDA through Interagency Agreement #Y1-DA1101 with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). NR 13 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 2014 VL 55 IS 4 BP 842 EP 844 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.021 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 302KX UT WOS:000330604500015 PM 24563555 ER PT J AU Moretti, D Thomas, L Marques, T Harwood, J Dilley, A Neales, B Shaffer, J McCarthy, E New, L Jarvis, S Morrissey, R AF Moretti, David Thomas, Len Marques, Tiago Harwood, John Dilley, Ashley Neales, Bert Shaffer, Jessica McCarthy, Elena New, Leslie Jarvis, Susan Morrissey, Ronald TI A Risk Function for Behavioral Disruption of Blainville's Beaked Whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) from Mid-Frequency Active Sonar SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB There is increasing concern about the potential effects of noise pollution on marine life in the world's oceans. For marine mammals, anthropogenic sounds may cause behavioral disruption, and this can be quantified using a risk function that relates sound exposure to a measured behavioral response. Beaked whales are a taxon of deep diving whales that may be particularly susceptible to naval sonar as the species has been associated with sonar-related mass stranding events. Here we derive the first empirical risk function for Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) by combining in situ data from passive acoustic monitoring of animal vocalizations and navy sonar operations with precise ship tracks and sound field modeling. The hydrophone array at the Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center, Bahamas, was used to locate vocalizing groups of Blainville's beaked whales and identify sonar transmissions before, during, and after Mid-Frequency Active (MFA) sonar operations. Sonar transmission times and source levels were combined with ship tracks using a sound propagation model to estimate the received level (RL) at each hydrophone. A generalized additive model was fitted to data to model the presence or absence of the start of foraging dives in 30-minute periods as a function of the corresponding sonar RL at the hydrophone closest to the center of each group. This model was then used to construct a risk function that can be used to estimate the probability of a behavioral change (cessation of foraging) the individual members of a Blainville's beaked whale population might experience as a function of sonar RL. The function predicts a 0.5 probability of disturbance at a RL of 150dBrms re mu Pa (CI: 144 to 155) This is 15dB lower than the level used historically by the US Navy in their risk assessments but 10 dB higher than the current 140 dB step-function. C1 [Moretti, David; Dilley, Ashley; Neales, Bert; Shaffer, Jessica; McCarthy, Elena; Jarvis, Susan; Morrissey, Ronald] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Thomas, Len; Marques, Tiago; Harwood, John] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. [New, Leslie] US Marine Mammal Commiss, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Moretti, D (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM david.moretti@navy.mil RI Marques, Tiago/A-5530-2010; OI Marques, Tiago/0000-0002-2581-1972; Thomas, Len/0000-0002-7436-067X FU U.S. Navy's Office of Naval Research (ONR); Living Marine Resources Program (LMR) [N0002512WX06703, N0001412WX20964] FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Navy's Office of Naval Research (ONR, http://www.onr.navy.mil/) and the Living Marine Resources Program (LMR, http://www.lmr.navy.mil/), award number: N0002512WX06703 and N0001412WX20964 respectively. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 13 U2 101 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e85064 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0085064 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297GT UT WOS:000330244500033 PM 24465477 ER PT J AU Giacintucci, S Markevitch, M Venturi, T Clarke, TE Cassano, R Mazzotta, P AF Giacintucci, Simona Markevitch, Maxim Venturi, Tiziana Clarke, Tracy E. Cassano, Rossella Mazzotta, Pasquale TI NEW DETECTIONS OF RADIO MINIHALOS IN COOL CORES OF GALAXY CLUSTERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (MACSJ0159.8-0849, MACSJ0329.6-0211, A478, ZwCl3146, A1795); galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; radio continuum: general; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID GALACTIC NUCLEUS FEEDBACK; X-RAY; COLD FRONTS; FLOW CLUSTERS; MINI-HALOS; CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; SCALING RELATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PERSEUS CLUSTER AB Cool cores of some galaxy clusters exhibit faint radio "minihalos." Their origin is unclear, and their study has been limited by their small number. We undertook a systematic search for minihalos in a large sample of X-ray luminous clusters with high-quality radio data. In this article, we report four new minihalos (Lambda 478, ZwCl 3146, RXJ 1532.9+3021, and A 2204) and five candidates found in the reanalyzed archival Very Large Array observations. The radio luminosities of our minihalos and candidates are in the range of 10(23-25) W Hz(-1) at 1.4 GHz, which is consistent with these types of radio sources. Their sizes (40-160 kpc in radius) are somewhat smaller than those of previously known minihalos. We combine our new detections with previously known minihalos, obtaining a total sample of 21 objects, and briefly compare the cluster radio properties to the average X-ray temperature and the total masses estimated from Planck. We find that nearly all clusters hosting minihalos are hot and massive. Beyond that, there is no clear correlation between the minihalo radio power and cluster temperature or mass (in contrast with the giant radio halos found in cluster mergers, whose radio luminosity correlates with the cluster mass). Chandra X-ray images indicate gas sloshing in the cool cores of most of our clusters, with minihalos contained within the sloshing regions in many of them. This supports the hypothesis that radio-emitting electrons are reaccelerated by sloshing. Advection of relativistic electrons by the sloshing gas may also play a role in the formation of the less extended minihalos. C1 [Giacintucci, Simona] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Giacintucci, Simona; Markevitch, Maxim] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Markevitch, Maxim] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Venturi, Tiziana; Cassano, Rossella] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Clarke, Tracy E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mazzotta, Pasquale] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Mazzotta, Pasquale] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Giacintucci, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM simona@astro.umd.edu RI Mazzotta, Pasquale/B-1225-2016; OI Mazzotta, Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; Cassano, Rossella/0000-0003-4046-0637; Venturi, Tiziana/0000-0002-8476-6307 FU NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship [PF0-110071]; Chandra X-ray Center (CXC); Naval Research Laboratory FX S.G. acknowledges the support of NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship PF0-110071 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC), which is operated by SAO. Basic research in radio astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by 6.1 base funding. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research work has used TIFR GMRT Sky Survey (http://tgss.ncra.tifr.res.in) data products. The authors thank the anonymous referee, whose comments and suggestions improved the paper. NR 86 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 20 PY 2014 VL 781 IS 1 AR 9 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/781/1/9 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 286AE UT WOS:000329436100009 ER PT J AU Hei, MA Bernhardt, PA Siefring, CL Wilkens, MR Huba, JD Krall, JF Valladares, CE Heelis, RA Hairston, MR Coley, WR Chau, JL De La Jara, C AF Hei, Matthew A. Bernhardt, Paul A. Siefring, Carl L. Wilkens, Matthew R. Huba, Joseph D. Krall, Jonathan F. Valladares, Cesar E. Heelis, Roderick A. Hairston, Marc R. Coley, W. Robin Chau, Jorge L. De La Jara, Cesar TI Radio- tomographic images of postmidnight equatorial plasma depletions SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Letter DE equatorial plasma depletions; tomography; equatorial ionosphere; CERTO beacon; C; NOFS satellite ID COMPUTERIZED IONOSPHERIC TOMOGRAPHY; SPREAD-F; JICAMARCA; DENSITY; RADAR AB For the first time, equatorial plasma depletions (EPDs) have been imaged in the longitude-altitude plane using radiotomography. High-resolution (similar to 10km) reconstructions of electron density were derived from total electron content (TEC) measurements provided by a receiver array in Peru. TEC data were obtained from VHF/UHF signals transmitted by the Coherent Electromagnetic Radio Tomography (CERTO) beacon on the C/NOFS satellite. EPDs generated premidnight were observed near dawn. On one night, the bubble densities were highly reduced, 100-1000km wide, and embedded within a layerlike ionosphere. Three nights later, the EPDs exhibited similar features but were embedded in a locally uplifted ionosphere. The C/NOFS in situ instruments detected a dawn depletion where the reconstruction showed lifted EPDs, implying that the postmidnight electric fields raised sections of ionosphere to altitudes where embedded/reactivated fossil EPDs were detected as dawn depletions. Satellites flying under domelike distortions of the ionosphere may observe these distortions as broad plasma decreases (BPDs). Key Points First-ever radiotomographic reconstructions of equatorial plasma depletions Dawn depletions detected in situ when predawn E fields raise F layer sections Broad plasma decreases detected when satellites fly under the raised sections C1 [Hei, Matthew A.; Wilkens, Matthew R.] Sotera Def Solut, Herndon, VA USA. [Bernhardt, Paul A.; Siefring, Carl L.; Huba, Joseph D.; Krall, Jonathan F.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. Univ Texas Dallas, Ctr Space Sci, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Chau, Jorge L.] Univ Rostock, Leibniz Inst Atmospher Phys, Kuhlungsborn, Germany. [De La Jara, Cesar] Inst Geofis Peru, Jicamarca Radio Observ, Lima, Peru. RP Hei, MA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Code 6754,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gravitywave7@gmail.com RI Chau, Jorge/C-7568-2013; OI Chau, Jorge/0000-0002-2364-8892; Coley, William Robin/0000-0003-2047-0002; Hairston, Marc/0000-0003-4524-4837 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2014 VL 41 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1002/2013GL056112 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AD1JL UT WOS:000332990200003 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Barraquer, I Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L Schwartz, IB Burke, DS Cummings, DAT AF Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis Schwartz, Ira B. Burke, Donald S. Cummings, Derek A. T. TI Potential opportunities and perils of imperfect dengue vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Dengue vaccine; Vaccine effects; Mathematical model ID SEROTYPE-SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; IMMUNE ENHANCEMENT; THAILAND; DISEASE; BANGKOK; INFECTIONS; INCENTIVES; COVERAGE; EFFICACY AB Dengue vaccine development efforts have focused on the development of tetravalent vaccines. However, a recent Phase lib trial of a tetravalent vaccine indicates a protective effect against only 3 of the 4 serotypes. While vaccines effective against a subset of serotypes may reduce morbidity and mortality, particular profiles could result in an increased number of cases due to immune enhancement and other peculiarities of dengue epidemiology. Here, we use a compartmental transmission model to assess the impact of partially effective vaccines in a hyperendemic Thai population. Crucially, we evaluate the effects that certain serotype heterogeneities may have in the presence of mass-vaccination campaigns. In the majority of scenarios explored, partially effective vaccines lead to 50% or greater reductions in the number of cases. This is true even of vaccines that we would not expect to proceed to licensure due to poor or incomplete immune responses. Our results show that a partially effective vaccine can have significant impacts on serotype distribution and mean age of cases. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rodriguez-Barraquer, Isabel; Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis; Cummings, Derek A. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mier-y-Teran-Romero, Luis; Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Burke, Donald S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Cummings, DAT (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dcumming@jhsph.edu OI Schwartz, Ira/0000-0001-5999-2524; /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundations Vaccine Modeling Initiative; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1U54GM088491]; National Institute Of General Medical Sciences [R01GM090204]; Burroughs Wellcome Fund; Office of Naval Research FX IRB, DSB and DATC received support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundations Vaccine Modeling Initiative and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant 1U54GM088491. LMTR, IBS and DATC received support from the National Institute Of General Medical Sciences (R01GM090204). DATC holds a Career Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. IBS is also supported by the Office of Naval Research. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences or the National Institutes of Health. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 16 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 4 BP 514 EP 520 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.020 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 296AQ UT WOS:000330157900013 PM 24269318 ER PT J AU Adamczyk, L Adkins, JK Agakishiev, G Aggarwal, MM Ahammed, Z Alekseev, I Alford, J Anson, CD Aparin, A Arkhipkin, D Aschenauer, EC Averichev, GS Balewski, J Banerjee, A Barber, B Barnovska, Z Beavis, DR Bellwied, R Betancourt, MJ Bhasin, A Bhati, AK Bhattarai, P Bichsel, H Bielcik, J Bielcikova, J Bland, LC Bordyuzhin, IG Borowski, W Bouchet, J Brandin, AV Bridgeman, A Brovko, SG Bultmann, S Bunzarov, I Burton, TP Butterworth, J Caines, H Sanchez, MCD Cebra, D Cendejas, R Cervantes, MC Chaloupka, P Chang, Z Chattopadhyay, S Chen, HF Chen, JH Chen, L Cheng, J Cherney, M Chikanian, A Christie, W Chwastowski, J Codrington, MJM Corliss, R Cramer, JG Crawford, HJ Cui, X Das, S Leyva, AD De Silva, LC Debbe, RR Dedovich, TG Deng, J Derevschikov, AA de Souza, RD Dhamija, S di Ruzza, B Didenko, L Dilks, C Ding, F Dion, A Djawotho, P Dong, X Drachenberg, JL Draper, JE Du, CM Dunkelberger, LE Dunlop, JC Efimov, LG Engelage, J Engle, KS Eppley, G Eun, L Evdokimov, O Fatemi, R Fazio, S Fedorisin, J Fersch, RG Filip, P Finch, E Fisyak, Y Flores, CE Gagliardi, CA Gangadharan, DR Garand, D Geurts, F Gibson, A Girard, M Gliske, S Grosnick, D Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, S Guryn, W Haag, B Hajkova, O Hamed, A Han, LX Haque, R Harris, JW Hays-Wehle, JP He, W Heppelmann, S Hirsch, A Hoffmann, GW Hofman, DJ Horvat, S Huang, B Huang, HZ Huck, P Humanic, TJ Igo, G Jacobs, WW Jang, H Jena, C Judd, EG Kabana, S Kalinkin, D Kang, K Kauder, K Ke, HW Keane, D Kechechyan, A Kesich, A Khan, ZH Kikola, DP Kisel, I Kisiel, A Koetke, DD Kollegger, T Konzer, J Koralt, I Korsch, W Kotchenda, L Kravtsov, P Krueger, K Kulakov, I Kumar, L Kycia, RA Lamont, MAC Landgraf, JM Landry, KD Lauret, J Lebedev, A Lednicky, R Lee, JH Leight, W LeVine, MJ Li, C Li, W Li, X Li, X Li, Y Li, ZM Lima, LM Lisa, MA Liu, F Ljubicic, T Llope, WJ Longacre, RS Luo, X Ma, GL Ma, YG Don, DMMDM Mahapatra, DP Majka, R Manweiler, R Margetis, S Markert, C Masui, H Matis, HS McDonald, D McShane, TS Minaev, NG Mioduszewski, S Mohanty, B Mondal, MM Morozov, DA Munhoz, MG Mustafa, MK Naglis, M Nandi, BK Nasim, M Nayak, TK Nelson, JM Nogach, LV Noh, SY Nord, PM Novak, J Nurushev, SB Odyniec, G Ogawa, A Oh, K Ohlson, A Okorokov, V Oldag, EW Oliveira, RAN Olson, D Pachr, M Page, BS Pal, SK Pan, YX Pandit, Y Panebratsev, Y Pawlak, T Pawlik, B Pei, H Perkins, C Peryt, W Peterson, A Pile, P Planinic, M Pluta, J Plyku, D Pochron, W Poljak, N Porter, J Poskanzer, AM Powell, CB Pruneau, C Pruthi, NK Przybycien, M Pujahari, PR Putschke, J Qiu, H Ramachandran, S Raniwala, R Raniwala, S Ray, RL Riley, CK Ritter, HG Roberts, JB Rogachevskiy, OV Romero, JL Ross, JF Roy, A Ruan, L Rusnak, J Sahoo, NR Sahu, PK Sakrejda, I Salur, S Sandacz, A Sandweiss, J Sangaline, E Sarkar, A Schambach, J Scharenberg, RP Schaub, J Schmah, AM Schmidke, WB Schmitz, N Seger, J Selyuzhenkov, I Seyboth, P Shah, N Shahaliev, E Shanmuganathan, PV Shao, M Sharma, B Shen, WQ Shi, SS Shou, QY Sichtermann, EP Singaraju, RN Skoby, MJ Smirnov, D Smirnov, N Solanki, D Sorensen, P deSouza, UG Spinka, HM Srivastava, B Stanislaus, TDS Stevens, JR Stock, R Strikhanov, M Stringfellow, B Suaide, AAP Sumbera, M Sun, X Sun, XM Sun, Y Sun, Z Surrow, B Svirida, DN Symons, TJM de Toledo, AS Takahashi, J Tang, AH Tang, Z Tarnowsky, T Thomas, JH Timmins, AR Tlusty, D Tokarev, M Trentalange, S Tribble, RE Tribedy, P Trzeciak, BA Tsai, OD Turnau, J Ullrich, T Underwood, DG Van Buren, G van Nieuwenhuizen, G Vanfossen, JA Varma, R Vasconcelos, GMS Vasiliev, AN Vertesi, R Videbk, F Viyogi, YP Vokal, S Voloshin, SA Vossen, A Wada, M Walker, M Wang, F Wang, G Wang, H Wang, JS Wang, Q Wang, XL Wang, Y Wang, Y Webb, G Webb, JC Westfall, GD Wieman, H Wissink, SW Witt, R Wu, YF Xiao, Z Xie, W Xin, K Xu, H Xu, N Xu, QH Xu, W Xu, Y Xu, Z Yan, W Yang, C Yang, Y Yang, Y Ye, Z Yepes, P Yi, L Yip, K Yoo, IK Zawisza, Y Zbroszczyk, H Zha, W Zhang, JB Zhang, S Zhang, XP Zhang, Y Zhang, ZP Zhao, F Zhao, J Zhong, C Zhu, X Zhu, YH Zoulkarneeva, Y Zyzak, M AF Adamczyk, L. Adkins, J. K. Agakishiev, G. Aggarwal, M. M. Ahammed, Z. Alekseev, I. Alford, J. Anson, C. D. Aparin, A. Arkhipkin, D. Aschenauer, E. C. Averichev, G. S. Balewski, J. Banerjee, A. Barber, B. Barnovska, Z. Beavis, D. R. Bellwied, R. Betancourt, M. J. Bhasin, A. Bhati, A. K. Bhattarai, P. Bichsel, H. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. Bland, L. C. Bordyuzhin, I. G. Borowski, W. Bouchet, J. Brandin, A. V. Bridgeman, A. Brovko, S. G. Bultmann, S. Bunzarov, I. Burton, T. P. Butterworth, J. Caines, H. de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon Cebra, D. Cendejas, R. Cervantes, M. C. Chaloupka, P. Chang, Z. Chattopadhyay, S. Chen, H. F. Chen, J. H. Chen, L. Cheng, J. Cherney, M. Chikanian, A. Christie, W. Chwastowski, J. Codrington, M. J. M. Corliss, R. Cramer, J. G. Crawford, H. J. Cui, X. Das, S. Leyva, A. Davila De Silva, L. C. Debbe, R. R. Dedovich, T. G. Deng, J. Derevschikov, A. A. Derradi de Souza, R. Dhamija, S. di Ruzza, B. Didenko, L. Dilks, C. Ding, F. Dion, A. Djawotho, P. Dong, X. Drachenberg, J. L. Draper, J. E. Du, C. M. Dunkelberger, L. E. Dunlop, J. C. Efimov, L. G. Engelage, J. Engle, K. S. Eppley, G. Eun, L. Evdokimov, O. Fatemi, R. Fazio, S. Fedorisin, J. Fersch, R. G. Filip, P. Finch, E. Fisyak, Y. Flores, C. E. Gagliardi, C. A. Gangadharan, D. R. Garand, D. Geurts, F. Gibson, A. Girard, M. Gliske, S. Grosnick, D. Guo, Y. Gupta, A. Gupta, S. Guryn, W. Haag, B. Hajkova, O. Hamed, A. Han, L-X. Haque, R. Harris, J. W. Hays-Wehle, J. P. He, W. Heppelmann, S. Hirsch, A. Hoffmann, G. W. Hofman, D. J. Horvat, S. Huang, B. Huang, H. Z. Huck, P. Humanic, T. J. Igo, G. Jacobs, W. W. Jang, H. Jena, C. Judd, E. G. Kabana, S. Kalinkin, D. Kang, K. Kauder, K. Ke, H. W. Keane, D. Kechechyan, A. Kesich, A. Khan, Z. H. Kikola, D. P. Kisel, I. Kisiel, A. Koetke, D. D. Kollegger, T. Konzer, J. Koralt, I. Korsch, W. Kotchenda, L. Kravtsov, P. Krueger, K. Kulakov, I. Kumar, L. Kycia, R. A. Lamont, M. A. C. Landgraf, J. M. Landry, K. D. Lauret, J. Lebedev, A. Lednicky, R. Lee, J. H. Leight, W. LeVine, M. J. Li, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. M. Lima, L. M. Lisa, M. A. Liu, F. Ljubicic, T. Llope, W. J. Longacre, R. S. Luo, X. Ma, G. L. Ma, Y. G. Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Mahapatra, D. P. Majka, R. Manweiler, R. Margetis, S. Markert, C. Masui, H. Matis, H. S. McDonald, D. McShane, T. S. Minaev, N. G. Mioduszewski, S. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Morozov, D. A. Munhoz, M. G. Mustafa, M. K. Naglis, M. Nandi, B. K. Nasim, Md. Nayak, T. K. Nelson, J. M. Nogach, L. V. Noh, S. Y. Nord, P. M. Novak, J. Nurushev, S. B. Odyniec, G. Ogawa, A. Oh, K. Ohlson, A. Okorokov, V. Oldag, E. W. Oliveira, R. A. N. Olson, D. Pachr, M. Page, B. S. Pal, S. K. Pan, Y. X. Pandit, Y. Panebratsev, Y. Pawlak, T. Pawlik, B. Pei, H. Perkins, C. Peryt, W. Peterson, A. Pile, P. Planinic, M. Pluta, J. Plyku, D. Pochron, W. Poljak, N. Porter, J. Poskanzer, A. M. Powell, C. B. Pruneau, C. Pruthi, N. K. Przybycien, M. Pujahari, P. R. Putschke, J. Qiu, H. Ramachandran, S. Raniwala, R. Raniwala, S. Ray, R. L. Riley, C. K. Ritter, H. G. Roberts, J. B. Rogachevskiy, O. V. Romero, J. L. Ross, J. F. Roy, A. Ruan, L. Rusnak, J. Sahoo, N. R. Sahu, P. K. Sakrejda, I. Salur, S. Sandacz, A. Sandweiss, J. Sangaline, E. Sarkar, A. Schambach, J. Scharenberg, R. P. Schaub, J. Schmah, A. M. Schmidke, W. B. Schmitz, N. Seger, J. Selyuzhenkov, I. Seyboth, P. Shah, N. Shahaliev, E. Shanmuganathan, P. V. Shao, M. Sharma, B. Shen, W. Q. Shi, S. S. Shou, Q. Y. Sichtermann, E. P. Singaraju, R. N. Skoby, M. J. Smirnov, D. Smirnov, N. Solanki, D. Sorensen, P. deSouza, U. G. Spinka, H. M. Srivastava, B. Stanislaus, T. D. S. Stevens, J. R. Stock, R. Strikhanov, M. Stringfellow, B. Suaide, A. A. P. Sumbera, M. Sun, X. Sun, X. M. Sun, Y. Sun, Z. Surrow, B. Svirida, D. N. Symons, T. J. M. Szanto de Toledo, A. Takahashi, J. Tang, A. H. Tang, Z. Tarnowsky, T. Thomas, J. H. Timmins, A. R. Tlusty, D. Tokarev, M. Trentalange, S. Tribble, R. E. Tribedy, P. Trzeciak, B. A. Tsai, O. D. Turnau, J. Ullrich, T. Underwood, D. G. Van Buren, G. van Nieuwenhuizen, G. Vanfossen, J. A., Jr. Varma, R. Vasconcelos, G. M. S. Vasiliev, A. N. Vertesi, R. Videbk, F. Viyogi, Y. P. Vokal, S. Voloshin, S. A. Vossen, A. Wada, M. Walker, M. Wang, F. Wang, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Webb, G. Webb, J. C. Westfall, G. D. Wieman, H. Wissink, S. W. Witt, R. Wu, Y. F. Xiao, Z. Xie, W. Xin, K. Xu, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Yan, W. Yang, C. Yang, Y. Yang, Y. Ye, Z. Yepes, P. Yi, L. Yip, K. Yoo, I-K. Zawisza, Y. Zbroszczyk, H. Zha, W. Zhang, J. B. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. P. Zhao, F. Zhao, J. Zhong, C. Zhu, X. Zhu, Y. H. Zoulkarneeva, Y. Zyzak, M. CA STAR Collaboration TI Neutral pion cross section and spin asymmetries at intermediate pseudorapidity in polarized proton collisions at root s=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PLUS P COLLISIONS; PI-0 PRODUCTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; STAR; FRAGMENTATION; ANTIPROTONS; QCD AB The differential cross section and spin asymmetries for neutral pions produced within the intermediate pseudorapidity range 0.8 < eta < 2.0 in polarized proton-proton collisions at root s = 200 GeV are presented. Neutral pions were detected using the end cap electromagnetic calorimeter in the STAR detector at RHIC. The cross section was measured over a transverse momentum range of 5 < p(T) < 16 GeV/c and is found to agree with a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation. The longitudinal double-spin asymmetry A(LL) is measured in the same pseudorapidity range and spans a range of Bjorken-x down to x approximate to 0.01. The measured A(LL) is consistent with model predictions for varying degrees of gluon polarization. The parity-violating asymmetry A(L) is also measured and found to be consistent with zero. The transverse single-spin asymmetry A(N) is measured over a previously unexplored kinematic range in Feynman-x and p(T). Such measurements may aid our understanding of the onset and kinematic dependence of the large asymmetries observed at more forward pseudorapidity (eta approximate to 3) and their underlying mechanisms. The A(N) results presented are consistent with a twist-3 model prediction of a small asymmetry over the present kinematic range. C1 [Adamczyk, L.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Bridgeman, A.; Gliske, S.; Krueger, K.; Spinka, H. M.; Underwood, D. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Nelson, J. M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Arkhipkin, D.; Aschenauer, E. C.; Beavis, D. R.; Bland, L. C.; Burton, T. P.; Christie, W.; Debbe, R. R.; di Ruzza, B.; Didenko, L.; Dion, A.; Dunlop, J. C.; Fazio, S.; Fisyak, Y.; Guryn, W.; Huang, B.; Lamont, M. A. C.; Landgraf, J. M.; Lauret, J.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, J. H.; LeVine, M. J.; Ljubicic, T.; Longacre, R. S.; Ogawa, A.; Pile, P.; Ruan, L.; Schmidke, W. B.; Smirnov, D.; Sorensen, P.; Tang, A. H.; Ullrich, T.; Van Buren, G.; Videbk, F.; Wang, H.; Webb, J. C.; Xu, Z.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Crawford, H. J.; Engelage, J.; Judd, E. G.; Perkins, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brovko, S. G.; de la Barca Sanchez, M. Calderon; Cebra, D.; Ding, F.; Draper, J. E.; Flores, C. E.; Haag, B.; Kesich, A.; Romero, J. L.; Sangaline, E.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dunkelberger, L. E.; Huang, H. Z.; Igo, G.; Landry, K. D.; Pan, Y. X.; Shah, N.; Trentalange, S.; Tsai, O. D.; Wang, G.; Xu, W.; Zhao, F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Derradi de Souza, R.; Takahashi, J.; Vasconcelos, G. M. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, L.; Huck, P.; Ke, H. W.; Li, Z. M.; Liu, F.; Luo, X.; Pei, H.; Wu, Y. F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, J. B.] Cent China Normal Univ HZNU, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Evdokimov, O.; Hofman, D. J.; Kauder, K.; Khan, Z. H.; Pandit, Y.; Wang, Y.; Ye, Z.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chwastowski, J.; Kycia, R. A.] Cracow Univ Technol, Krakow, Poland. [Cherney, M.; Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige; McShane, T. S.; Ross, J. F.; Seger, J.] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Bielcik, J.; Chaloupka, P.; Hajkova, O.; Pachr, M.] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Barnovska, Z.; Bielcikova, J.; Rusnak, J.; Sumbera, M.; Tlusty, D.; Vertesi, R.] Nucl Phys Inst AS CR, Rez 25068, Czech Republic. [Kisel, I.; Kollegger, T.; Kulakov, I.; Stock, R.; Zyzak, M.] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies FIAS, Frankfurt, Germany. [Das, S.; Mahapatra, D. P.; Sahu, P. K.] Inst Phys, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Nandi, B. K.; Pujahari, P. R.; Sarkar, A.; Varma, R.] Indian Inst Technol, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Dhamija, S.; He, W.; Jacobs, W. W.; Page, B. S.; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Skoby, M. J.; Vossen, A.; Wissink, S. W.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Alekseev, I.; Bordyuzhin, I. G.; Kalinkin, D.; Svirida, D. N.] Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bhasin, A.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, S.] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India. [Agakishiev, G.; Aparin, A.; Averichev, G. S.; Bunzarov, I.; Dedovich, T. G.; Efimov, L. G.; Fedorisin, J.; Filip, P.; Kechechyan, A.; Lednicky, R.; Panebratsev, Y.; Rogachevskiy, O. V.; Shahaliev, E.; Tokarev, M.; Vokal, S.; Zoulkarneeva, Y.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Alford, J.; Bouchet, J.; Keane, D.; Kumar, L.; Margetis, S.; Shanmuganathan, P. V.; Vanfossen, J. A., Jr.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Adkins, J. K.; Fatemi, R.; Fersch, R. G.; Korsch, W.; Ramachandran, S.; Webb, G.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jang, H.; Noh, S. Y.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon, South Korea. [Du, C. M.; Sun, Z.; Wang, J. S.; Xu, H.; Yang, Y.] Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Dong, X.; Eun, L.; Masui, H.; Matis, H. S.; Naglis, M.; Odyniec, G.; Olson, D.; Porter, J.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Powell, C. B.; Qiu, H.; Ritter, H. G.; Sakrejda, I.; Salur, S.; Schmah, A. M.; Shi, S. S.; Sichtermann, E. P.; Sun, X.; Sun, X. M.; Symons, T. J. M.; Thomas, J. H.; Wieman, H.; Xu, N.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balewski, J.; Betancourt, M. J.; Corliss, R.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Leight, W.; Stevens, J. R.; van Nieuwenhuizen, G.; Walker, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmitz, N.; Seyboth, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Novak, J.; Tarnowsky, T.; Westfall, G. D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Brandin, A. V.; Kotchenda, L.; Kravtsov, P.; Okorokov, V.; Strikhanov, M.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Haque, R.; Jena, C.; Mohanty, B.; Nasim, Md.] Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Bhubaneswar 751005, Orissa, India. [Anson, C. D.; Gangadharan, D. R.; Humanic, T. J.; Lisa, M. A.; Peterson, A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bultmann, S.; Koralt, I.; Plyku, D.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Pawlik, B.; Turnau, J.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Aggarwal, M. M.; Bhati, A. K.; Pruthi, N. K.; Sharma, B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Cendejas, R.; Dilks, C.; Heppelmann, S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Derevschikov, A. A.; Minaev, N. G.; Morozov, D. A.; Nogach, L. V.; Nurushev, S. B.; Vasiliev, A. N.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Garand, D.; Hirsch, A.; Kikola, D. P.; Konzer, J.; Li, X.; Mustafa, M. K.; Scharenberg, R. P.; Srivastava, B.; Stringfellow, B.; Wang, F.; Wang, Q.; Xie, W.; Yi, L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Oh, K.; Yoo, I-K.] Pusan Natl Univ, Pusan 609735, South Korea. [Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Solanki, D.] Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Butterworth, J.; Eppley, G.; Geurts, F.; Llope, W. J.; McDonald, D.; Roberts, J. B.; Xin, K.; Yepes, P.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Lima, L. M.; Munhoz, M. G.; Oliveira, R. A. N.; deSouza, U. G.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Szanto de Toledo, A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Chen, H. F.; Cui, X.; Guo, Y.; Li, C.; Shao, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, Z.; Wang, X. L.; Xu, Y.; Yang, C.; Zawisza, Y.; Zha, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Deng, J.; Xu, Q. H.] Shandong Univ, Jinan 250100, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J. H.; Han, L-X.; Li, W.; Ma, G. L.; Ma, Y. G.; Shen, W. Q.; Shou, Q. Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, C.; Zhu, Y. H.] Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China. [Borowski, W.; Kabana, S.] SUBATECH, Nantes, France. [Li, X.; Surrow, B.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Cervantes, M. C.; Chang, Z.; Djawotho, P.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Hamed, A.; Mioduszewski, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Tribble, R. E.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bhattarai, P.; Codrington, M. J. M.; Leyva, A. Davila; Hoffmann, G. W.; Markert, C.; Oldag, E. W.; Ray, R. L.; Schambach, J.; Wada, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bellwied, R.; De Silva, L. C.; Timmins, A. R.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Cheng, J.; Kang, K.; Li, Y.; Wang, Y.; Xiao, Z.; Yan, W.; Zhang, X. P.; Zhu, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Engle, K. S.; Witt, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Barber, B.; Drachenberg, J. L.; Gibson, A.; Grosnick, D.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R.; Nord, P. M.; Pochron, W.; Schaub, J.; Stanislaus, T. D. S.] Valparaiso Univ, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Ahammed, Z.; Banerjee, A.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Nayak, T. K.; Pal, S. K.; Roy, A.; Sahoo, N. R.; Singaraju, R. N.; Tribedy, P.; Viyogi, Y. P.] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Girard, M.; Kisiel, A.; Pawlak, T.; Peryt, W.; Pluta, J.; Sandacz, A.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Zbroszczyk, H.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Warsaw, Poland. [Bichsel, H.; Cramer, J. G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pruneau, C.; Putschke, J.; Voloshin, S. A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Caines, H.; Chikanian, A.; Finch, E.; Harris, J. W.; Horvat, S.; Majka, R.; Ohlson, A.; Riley, C. K.; Sandweiss, J.; Smirnov, N.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Planinic, M.; Poljak, N.] Univ Zagreb, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. RP Adamczyk, L (reprint author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Krakow, Poland. RI Derradi de Souza, Rafael/M-4791-2013; Suaide, Alexandre/L-6239-2016; Xin, Kefeng/O-9195-2016; Yi, Li/Q-1705-2016; Svirida, Dmitry/R-4909-2016; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Okorokov, Vitaly/C-4800-2017; Ma, Yu-Gang/M-8122-2013; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Chaloupka, Petr/E-5965-2012; Huang, Bingchu/H-6343-2015; Lednicky, Richard/K-4164-2013; Rusnak, Jan/G-8462-2014; Bielcikova, Jana/G-9342-2014; Takahashi, Jun/B-2946-2012; Alekseev, Igor/J-8070-2014; Sumbera, Michal/O-7497-2014; Strikhanov, Mikhail/P-7393-2014; Xu, Wenqin/H-7553-2014; Aparecido Negrao de Oliveira, Renato/G-9133-2015; Kycia, Radoslaw/J-4397-2015 OI Derradi de Souza, Rafael/0000-0002-2084-7001; Suaide, Alexandre/0000-0003-2847-6556; Xin, Kefeng/0000-0003-4853-9219; Yi, Li/0000-0002-7512-2657; Okorokov, Vitaly/0000-0002-7162-5345; Ma, Yu-Gang/0000-0002-0233-9900; Bhasin, Anju/0000-0002-3687-8179; Ke, Hongwei/0000-0003-1463-7291; Huang, Bingchu/0000-0002-3253-3210; Takahashi, Jun/0000-0002-4091-1779; Alekseev, Igor/0000-0003-3358-9635; Sumbera, Michal/0000-0002-0639-7323; Strikhanov, Mikhail/0000-0003-2586-0405; Xu, Wenqin/0000-0002-5976-4991; Kycia, Radoslaw/0000-0002-6390-4627 FU Office of NP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; Office of HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science; U.S. NSF; CNRS/IN2P3; FAPESP CNPq of Brazil; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; NNSFC; CAS; MoST; MoE of China; Korean Research Foundation; GA of the Czech Republic; MSMT of the Czech Republic; FIAS of Germany; DAE of India; DST of India; CSIR of India; National Science Centre of Poland; National Research Foundation [NRF-2012004024]; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; RosAtom of Russia; Renaissance Technologies Corporation FX The authors thank M. Stratmann, W. Vogelsang, and K. Kanazawa for providing calculations and discussion. We thank the RHIC Operations Group and RCF at BNL, the NERSC Center at LBNL, the KISTI Center in Korea and the Open Science Grid consortium for providing resources and support. This work was supported in part by the Offices of NP and HEP within the U.S. DOE Office of Science, the U.S. NSF, CNRS/IN2P3, FAPESP CNPq of Brazil, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, NNSFC, CAS, MoST and MoE of China, the Korean Research Foundation, GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic, FIAS of Germany, DAE, DST, and CSIR of India, National Science Centre of Poland, National Research Foundation (NRF-2012004024), Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, and RosAtom of Russia. Finally, we gratefully acknowledge a sponsored research grant for the 2006 run period from Renaissance Technologies Corporation. NR 61 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 1 AR 012001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.012001 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AB5YO UT WOS:000331864800001 ER PT J AU Neta, B Chun, C Scott, M AF Neta, Beny Chun, Changbum Scott, Melvin TI Basins of attraction for optimal eighth order methods to find simple roots of nonlinear equations SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Basin of attraction; Optimal methods; Simple roots; Nonlinear equations; Interpolation ID ITERATIVE METHODS; DYNAMICS; FAMILY AB Several optimal eighth order methods to obtain simple roots are analyzed. The methods are based on two step, fourth order optimal methods and a third step of modified Newton. The modification is performed by taking an interpolating polynomial to replace either f(z(n)) or f'(z(n)). In six of the eight methods we have used a Hermite interpolating polynomial. The other two schemes use inverse interpolation. We discovered that the eighth order methods based on Jarratt's optimal fourth order methods perform well and those based on King's or Kung-Traub's methods do not. In all cases tested, the replacement off (z) by Hermite interpolation is better than the replacement of the derivative, f'(z). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Neta, Beny] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. RP Neta, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM bneta@nps.edu; cbchun@skku.edu; mscott8223@atmc.net FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education [NRF-2013R1A1A2005012] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2005012). NR 22 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 227 BP 567 EP 592 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2013.11.017 PG 26 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA AB0QE UT WOS:000331496400052 ER PT J AU Chun, C Neta, B Kozdon, J Scott, M AF Chun, Changbum Neta, Beny Kozdon, Jeremy Scott, Melvin TI Choosing weight functions in iterative methods for simple roots SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Iterative methods; Order of convergence; Weight functions ID MULTIPLE ROOTS; EQUATIONS; DYNAMICS; FAMILY AB Weight functions with a parameter are introduced into an iteration process to increase the order of the convergence and enhance the behavior of the iteration process. The parameter can be chosen to restrict extraneous fixed points to the imaginary axis and provide the best basin of attraction. The process is demonstrated on several examples. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chun, Changbum] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Math, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Neta, Beny; Kozdon, Jeremy] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Neta, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM cbchun@skku.edu; bneta@nps.edu; jekozdon@nps.edu; MScott8223@atmc.net FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education [NRF-2013R1A1A2005012] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2013R1A1A2005012). NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0096-3003 EI 1873-5649 J9 APPL MATH COMPUT JI Appl. Math. Comput. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 227 BP 788 EP 800 DI 10.1016/j.amc.2013.11.084 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA AB0QE UT WOS:000331496400069 ER PT J AU Hudson, RL Ferrante, RF Moore, MH AF Hudson, R. L. Ferrante, R. F. Moore, M. H. TI Infrared spectra and optical constants of astronomical ices: I. Amorphous and crystalline acetylene SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Ices, IR spectroscopy; Trans-neptunian objects; Organic chemistry; Infrared observations ID ABSORPTION INTENSITIES; BAND INTENSITIES; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; SOLAR-SYSTEM; METHANE; PLUTO; MOLECULES; CHEMISTRY; ETHANE; WATER AB Here we report recent measurements on acetylene (C2H2) ices at temperatures applicable to the outer Solar System and the interstellar medium. New near- and mid-infrared data, including optical constants (n, k), absorption coefficients (alpha), and absolute band strengths (A), are presented for both amorphous and crystalline phases of C2H2 that exist below 70 K. Comparisons are made to earlier work. Electronic versions of the data are made available, as is a computer routine to use our reported n and k values to simulate the observed IR spectra. Suggestions are given for the use of the data and a comparison to a spectrum of Makemake is made. Published by Elsevier C1 [Hudson, R. L.; Moore, M. H.] NASA, Astrochem Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ferrante, R. F.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hudson, RL (reprint author), NASA, Astrochem Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM reggie.hudson@nasa.gov FU NASA; NASA Astrobiology Institute through the Goddard Center for Astrobiology FX NASA funding through the Outer Planets Research and Cassini Data Analysis programs is acknowledged. MHM and RLH received partial support from the NASA Astrobiology Institute through the Goddard Center for Astrobiology. Michael Brown (California Institute of Technology) is thanked for providing the Makemake spectrum. We particularly thank Jim Moore who, over several years, developed nearly all of the MathCad computer routines used in this study. Perry Gerakines is acknowledged for programming favors with IDL. NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 228 BP 276 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.08.029 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 275HC UT WOS:000328665900020 ER PT J AU Benchamekh, R Gippius, NA Even, J Nestoklon, MO Jancu, JM Ithurria, S Dubertret, B Efros, A Voisin, P AF Benchamekh, R. Gippius, N. A. Even, J. Nestoklon, M. O. Jancu, J. -M. Ithurria, S. Dubertret, B. Efros, Al. L. Voisin, P. TI Tight-binding calculations of image-charge effects in colloidal nanoscale platelets of CdSe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELLS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOPLATELETS; COULOMB INTERACTION; ZINCBLENDE CDSE; NANOCRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITONS; FILMS; GAAS AB CdSe nanoplatelets show perfectly quantized thicknesses of a few monolayers. They present a situation of extreme, yet well defined quantum confinement. Due to a large dielectric contrast between the semiconductor and its ligand environment, interaction between carriers and their dielectric images strongly renormalize bare single particle states. We discuss the electronic properties of this original system in an advanced tight-binding model, and show that Coulomb interactions, including self-energy corrections and enhanced electron-hole interaction, lead to exciton binding energies up to several hundred meV. C1 [Benchamekh, R.; Nestoklon, M. O.; Voisin, P.] CNRS, Lab Photon & Nanostruct, F-91460 Marcoussis, France. [Gippius, N. A.] RAS, AM Prokhorov Gen Phys Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Gippius, N. A.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Photochim Mol & Macromol Lab, CNRS, Inst Pascal,PHOTON N2, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Even, J.; Jancu, J. -M.] Univ Europeenne Bretagne, FOTON, INSA, F-35708 Rennes, France. [Even, J.; Jancu, J. -M.] CNRS, F-35708 Rennes, France. [Nestoklon, M. O.] Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Ithurria, S.; Dubertret, B.] CNRS, Lab Phys & Etud Mat, F-75005 Paris, France. [Ithurria, S.; Dubertret, B.] ESPCI, F-75005 Paris, France. [Efros, Al. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Benchamekh, R (reprint author), CNRS, Lab Photon & Nanostruct, F-91460 Marcoussis, France. RI even, jacky/C-6212-2008; Nestoklon, Mikhail/C-7670-2014; OI even, jacky/0000-0002-4607-3390; Nestoklon, Mikhail/0000-0002-0454-342X; benchamekh, ramzi/0000-0002-0341-4685 FU Triangle de la Physique "CAAS"; Triangle de la Physique ANR "PEROCAI"; Triangle de la Physique "SNAP"; RFBF; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program FX This work was partly supported by Triangle de la Physique "CAAS," ANR "PEROCAI" and "SNAP", and by RFBF grants. Al.L.E. acknowledges financial support of the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program. NR 31 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 45 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 13 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 035307 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.035307 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC0UA UT WOS:000332209600006 ER PT J AU Zhuang, HLL Johannes, MD Blonsky, MN Hennig, RG AF Zhuang, Houlong L. Johannes, Michelle D. Blonsky, Michael N. Hennig, Richard G. TI Computational prediction and characterization of single-layer CrS2 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD AB Using first-principles calculations, we predict a previously unreported bulk CrS2 phase that is stable against competing phases and a low energy dynamically stable single-layer CrS2 phase. We characterize the electronic, optical, and piezoelectric properties of this single-layer material. Like single-layer MoS2, CrS2 has a direct bandgap and valley polarization. The optical bandgap of CrS2 is 1.3 eV, close to the ideal bandgap of 1.4 eV for photovoltaic applications. Applying compressive strain increases the bandgap and optical absorbance, transforming it into a promising photocatalyst for solar water splitting. Finally, we show that single-layer CrS2 possesses superior piezoelectric properties to single-layer MoS2. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Zhuang, Houlong L.; Johannes, Michelle D.; Blonsky, Michael N.; Hennig, Richard G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Johannes, Michelle D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Zhuang, HLL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rhennig@cornell.edu RI Hennig, Richard/A-2978-2008; Zhuang, Houlong/D-8801-2014 OI Hennig, Richard/0000-0003-4933-7686; Zhuang, Houlong/0000-0002-3845-4601 FU National Science Foundation through the Cornell Center for Materials Research [DMR-1120296]; CAREER Award [DMR-1056587]; Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001086]; Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program; Texas Advanced Computing Center [TG-DMR050028N] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through the Cornell Center for Materials Research under Award No. DMR-1120296, the CAREER Award No. DMR-1056587, and the Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2) funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-SC0001086. Funding for M.D.J. was provided by the Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. This research used computational resources of the Texas Advanced Computing Center under Contract No. TG-DMR050028N and of the Computation Center for Nanotechnology Innovation at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 11 U2 148 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 13 PY 2014 VL 104 IS 2 AR 022116 DI 10.1063/1.4861659 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 299YG UT WOS:000330431000064 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, MN Harmon, SR Urick, VJ Williams, KJ AF Hutchinson, Meredith N. Harmon, Sharon R. Urick, Vincent J. Williams, Keith J. TI Analysis of magnitude and relative phase of photodiode IMD2 using amplitude matched MZM-distortion cancellation technique SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEARITIES; SUPPRESSION AB We present a detailed look at using Mach-Zehnder modulator generated distortion for identifying the magnitude and relative sign of photodiode generated second order intermodulation distortion (IMD2). Previous discussions introduced the concept for characterizing a test device. Analysis is expanded to IMD2 as a function of voltage, photocurrent and frequency. (C)2014 Optical Society of America C1 [Hutchinson, Meredith N.; Urick, Vincent J.; Williams, Keith J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Harmon, Sharon R.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Hutchinson, MN (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM meredith.hutchinson@nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 13 PY 2014 VL 22 IS 1 BP 962 EP 971 DI 10.1364/OE.22.000962 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 302CP UT WOS:000330579300118 PM 24515056 ER PT J AU Efros, AL Lambrecht, WRL AF Efros, Al. L. Lambrecht, W. R. L. TI Theory of light emission polarization reversal in zinc-blende and wurtzite nanowires SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUPERLATTICES AB The envelope function method is applied to hole and exciton states in wurtzite and zinc-blende structure cylindrical nanowires using the axial Kohn-Luttinger Hamiltonian including a crystal-field splitting for the wurtzite case. The quantized states are found to be mixtures of heavy-and light-hole band derived states. Explicit expressions for the mixing coefficients and the conditions giving the quantized energy states are derived. These are then applied to obtain the relative intensity of light emitted polarized parallel and perpendicular to the nanowire for the lowest-energy excitons. Slightly different expressions are obtained in the weak quantization and strong quantization limits. In the latter case, an overlap integral of the hole and electron envelope function is involved, while in the former case only an integral over the hole envelope function is required. An expression for the degree of polarization of the spectrally integrated photoluminescence as a function of temperature is obtained by summing over the excitons within the integration range. The degree of polarization as a function of temperature is explored numerically as a function of nanowire radius and crystal-field splitting for GaAs and GaN nanowires. Examples of complete reversal of the polarization are illustrated. C1 [Efros, Al. L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lambrecht, W. R. L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Efros, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Lambrecht, Walter/O-1083-2016 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program; Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation (Bonn, Germany); National Science Foundation [DMR-11-4595] FX Al.L.E. acknowledges financial support of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program and Alexander-von-Humboldt Foundation (Bonn, Germany). W.R.L.L. was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-11-4595. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 9 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 035304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.035304 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC0RQ UT WOS:000332202900005 ER PT J AU Thottempudi, V Yin, P Zhang, JH Parrish, DA Shreeve, JM AF Thottempudi, Venugopal Yin, Ping Zhang, Jiaheng Parrish, Damon A. Shreeve, Jean'ne M. TI 1,2,3-Triazolo[4,5,-e]furazano[3,4,-b]pyrazine 6-Oxide-A Fused Heterocycle with a Roving Hydrogen Forms a New Class of Insensitive Energetic Materials SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE explosives; fused heterocycles; impact sensitivity; pyrazoles; triazoles ID CORE-SHELL NANOPARTICLES; AMMONIA-BORANE; HYDROLYTIC DEHYDROGENATION; CATALYTIC DEHYDROGENATION; STABILIZED RUTHENIUM(0); NI NANOPARTICLES; STORAGE; GENERATION; NANOCLUSTERS; SYSTEM AB The straightforward synthesis and energetic properties of a new class of energetic materials, 1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-e]furazano[3,4-b]pyrazine 6-oxide and its energetic salts are described. They were characterized by IR and multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction are given. The X-ray structures show that in the title compound, the hydrogen atom is bonded to the nitrogen in the pyrazine ring; however, in the salts, the negative charge is associated with the triazole nitrogen. Heats of formation for all compounds were calculated with the G2 method and then combined with experimentally determined densities to obtain detonation pressures (P) and velocities (D) by using EXPLO5 program. These new materials exhibit good densities and thermal stabilities, high heats of formation, acceptable detonation properties, and are insensitive to impact. C1 [Thottempudi, Venugopal; Yin, Ping; Zhang, Jiaheng; Shreeve, Jean'ne M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Shreeve, JM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jshreeve@uidhao.edu RI Yin, Ping/A-3699-2014 OI Yin, Ping/0000-0002-2870-8225 FU ONR [N00014-10-1-0536, N00014-11-AF-0-0002] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of ONR (N00014-10-1-0536) and (N00014-11-AF-0-0002). NR 30 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 53 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 EI 1521-3765 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD JAN 7 PY 2014 VL 20 IS 2 BP 542 EP 548 DI 10.1002/chem.201303469 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 282TW UT WOS:000329197500027 PM 24285702 ER PT J AU Ita, EE AF Ita, Eyo Eyo TI Reformulation of the Hamiltonian constraint of four-dimensional gravity for arbitrary values of the Immirzi parameter via the affine group formalism SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY LA English DT Article DE affine group representation formalism AB One of the virtues of the Ashtekar variables is the simplification of the initial value constraints for gravity. In the case of self-dual variables this entails a complexification of the phase space which comes at the expense of having to implement reality conditions in the Lorentzian signature case. A reformulation of the theory in terms of real variables eliminates this difficulty, albeit at the expense of having to deal with a more complicated Hamiltonian constraint. The set of available gravitational theories classically equivalent to Einstein's is parametrized by a parameter beta, known as the Immirzi parameter. We rephrase the Hamiltonian constraint into the form of an affine Lie algebra for arbitrary beta, and perform a quantization. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ita, EE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ita@usna.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0264-9381 EI 1361-6382 J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV JI Class. Quantum Gravity PD JAN 7 PY 2014 VL 31 IS 1 AR 015014 DI 10.1088/0264-9381/31/1/015014 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 259SR UT WOS:000327547100015 ER PT J AU Dev, P Reinecke, TL AF Dev, Pratibha Reinecke, Thomas L. TI Substrate effects: Disappearance of adsorbate-induced magnetism in graphene SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION AB In this theoretical work, we show that substrates play key roles in the properties of layered systems such as graphene by focusing on magnetic properties associated with adsorbates. Local magnetic moments formed in fluorinated and hydrogenated graphene layers are quenched when they are deposited on a copper substrate due to several interconnected effects: doping by the substrate, increased structural distortion, and broadening of the defect states. We find that these effects contribute in different degrees to the changes in the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the system and that they vary between adsorbates. The most important factor in the disappearance of magnetism in the functionalized graphene is shown to be the formation of metal-carbide bonds and the subsequent broadening of the impurity states that erases their spin splitting. We show that interactions with the substrate and the formation of local magnetic moments can be modified using multiple layers of graphene. C1 [Dev, Pratibha; Reinecke, Thomas L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dev, P (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. Computer resources were provided by the DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program. P. D. acknowledges the NRL-NRC Research Associateship Program. We thank Chad Junkermeier and Scott Schmucker for valuable discussions concerning this work. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 6 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 3 AR 035404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.035404 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA AC0IE UT WOS:000332177200007 ER PT J AU Sessoms, PH Wyatt, M Grabiner, M Collins, JD Kingsbury, T Thesing, N Kaufman, K AF Sessoms, Pinata H. Wyatt, Marilynn Grabiner, Mark Collins, John-David Kingsbury, Trevor Thesing, Nancy Kaufman, Kenton TI Method for evoking a trip-like response using a treadmill-based perturbation during locomotion SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Accidental falls; Treadmill test; Virtual reality; Amputee; Gait; CAREN; Perturbation ID OLDER-ADULTS; WALKING; GAIT; STABILITY; RECOVERY; FALLS; RISK AB Because trip-related falls account for a significant proportion of falls by patients with amputations and older adults, the ability to repeatedly and reliably simulate a trip or evoke a trip-like response in a laboratory setting has potential utility as a tool to assess trip-related fall risk and as a training tool to reduce fall risk. This paper describes a treadmill-based method for delivering postural perturbations during locomotion to evoke a trip-like response and serve as a surrogate for an overground trip. Subjects walked at a normalized velocity in a Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN). During single-limb stance, the treadmill belt speed was rapidly changed, thereby requiring the subject to perform a compensatory stepping response to avoid falling. Peak trunk flexion angle and peak trunk flexion velocity during the initial compensatory step following the perturbation were smaller for responses associated with recoveries compared to those associated with falls. These key fall prediction variables were consistent with the outcomes observed for laboratory-induced trips of older adults. This perturbation technique also demonstrated that this method of repeated but randomly delivered perturbations can evoke consistent, within-subject responses. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sessoms, Pinata H.; Collins, John-David] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Wyatt, Marilynn; Kingsbury, Trevor; Thesing, Nancy] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Grabiner, Mark] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Kaufman, Kenton] Mayo Clin, Mot Anal Lab, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Kaufman, K (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Mot Anal Lab, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM kaufman.kenton@mayo.edu OI Kaufman, Kenton/0000-0002-7311-3781 FU Department of Defense [W81XWH-11-2-0058, DM090896]; Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Wounded, Ill, and Injured program FX This study was funded by the Department of Defense Grant no. W81XWH-11-2-0058, Log #DM090896 and the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Wounded, Ill, and Injured program. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. This research was conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects (Protocol NMCSD.2011.003 and Protocol NHRC.2011.0031). NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 EI 1873-2380 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 1 BP 277 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.10.035 PG 4 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA AA3QU UT WOS:000331008200038 PM 24268756 ER PT J AU Furukawa, Y Reed, AH Zhang, GP AF Furukawa, Yoko Reed, Allen H. Zhang, Guoping TI Effect of organic matter on estuarine flocculation: a laboratory study using montmorillonite, humic acid, xanthan gum, guar gum and natural estuarine flocs SO GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Flocculation; Aggregation; Colloid; Montmorillonite; Humic; Biopolymer; Organic matter; Estuary; River ID LOWER MISSISSIPPI; PEARL RIVERS; STABILITY; SEDIMENTS; PH; AGGREGATION; ABUNDANCE; KINETICS; SYSTEMS; CARBON AB Background: Riverine particles undergo a rapid transformation when they reach estuaries. The rapid succession of hydrodynamic and biogeochemical regimes forces the particles to flocculate, settle and enter the sediment pool. The rates and magnitudes of flocculation depend on the nature of the particles which are primarily affected by the types and quantities of organic matter (OM). Meanwhile, the OM characteristics vary widely between environments, as well as within a single environment due to seasonal climate and land use variability. We investigated the effect of the OM types and quantities through laboratory experiments using natural estuarine particles from the Mississippi Sound and Atchafalaya Bay as well as model mixtures of montmorillonite and organic molecules (i.e., biopolymers (guar/xanthan gums) and humic acid). Results: Biopolymers promote flocculation but the magnitude depends on the types and quantities. Nonionic guar gum yields much larger flocs than anionic xanthan gum, while both of them exhibit a nonlinear behavior in which the flocculation is the most pronounced at the intermediate OM loading. Moreover, the effect of guar gum is independent of salinity whereas the effect of xanthan gum is pronounced at higher salinity. Meanwhile, humic acid does not affect flocculation at all salinity values tested in this study. These results are echoed in the laboratory manipulation of the natural estuarine particles. Flocculation of the humic acid-rich Mississippi Sound particles is unaffected by the OM, whereas that of biopolymer-rich Atchafalaya Bay particles is enhanced by the OM. Conclusions: Flocculation is positively influenced by the presence of biopolymers that are produced as the result of marine primary production. Meanwhile, humic acid, which is abundant in the rivers that drain the agricultural soils of Southeastern United States, has little influence on flocculation. Thus, it is expected that humic acid-poor riverine particles (e.g., Mississippi River, and Atchafalaya River, to a lesser degree) may be prone to rapid flocculation and settling in the immediate vicinity of the river mouths when mixed with biopolymer-rich coastal waters. It is also expected that humic acid-rich riverine particles (e.g., Pearl River) may resist immediate flocculation and be transported further away from the river mouth. C1 [Furukawa, Yoko; Reed, Allen H.] Naval Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Zhang, Guoping] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Furukawa, Y (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Seafloor Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM yoko.furukawa@nrlssc.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research through base funding of the Naval Research Laboratory FX The Nepheloid layer sampler was borrowed from NRL Code 6000 (Dr. M. T. Montgomery, POC). The authors would like to thank Jan Watkins, Yin Hang and Xiaoling Tang for their field and laboratory assistance, and Drs. Leila Hamdan and Kevin Briggs for discussion. This study was funded by the Office of Naval Research through base funding of the Naval Research Laboratory. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 36 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1467-4866 J9 GEOCHEM T JI Geochem. Trans. PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 1 DI 10.1186/1467-4866-15-1 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 295JC UT WOS:000330111400001 PM 24386944 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Asano, K Atwood, WB Axelsson, M Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Bonamente, E Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Burgess, JM Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cecchi, C Chaplin, V Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cleveland, W Cohen-Tanugi, J Collazzi, A Cominsky, LR Connaughton, V Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A DeKlotz, M de Palma, F Dermer, CD Desiante, R Diekmann, A Di Venere, L Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Finke, J Fitzpatrick, G Focke, WB Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Gibby, M Giglietto, N Giles, M Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Granot, J Grenier, IA Grove, JE Gruber, D Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Hays, E Horan, D Hughes, RE Inoue, Y Jogler, T Johannesson, G Johnson, WN Kawano, T Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nemmen, R Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orienti, M Paneque, D Pelassa, V Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Racusin, JL Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Roth, M Ryde, F Sartori, A Parkinson, PMS Scargle, JD Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Sonbas, E Spandre, G Spinelli, P Tajima, H Takahashi, H Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Winer, BL Wood, KS Yamazaki, R Younes, G Yu, HF Zhu, SJ Bhat, PN Briggs, MS Byrne, D Foley, S Goldstein, A Jenke, P Kippen, RM Kouveliotou, C McBreen, S Meegan, C Paciesas, WS Preece, R Rau, A Tierney, D van der Horst, AJ von Kienlin, A Wilson-Hodge, C Xiong, S Cusumano, G La Parola, V Cummings, JR AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Asano, K. Atwood, W. B. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bonamente, E. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Burgess, J. Michael Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cecchi, C. Chaplin, V. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cleveland, W. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Collazzi, A. Cominsky, L. R. Connaughton, V. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. DeKlotz, M. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Desiante, R. Diekmann, A. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Finke, J. Fitzpatrick, G. Focke, W. B. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Gibby, M. Giglietto, N. Giles, M. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Granot, J. Grenier, I. A. Grove, J. E. Gruber, D. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Horan, D. Hughes, R. E. Inoue, Y. Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Johnson, W. N. Kawano, T. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nemmen, R. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Paneque, D. Pelassa, V. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Racusin, J. L. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sartori, A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Scargle, J. D. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Sonbas, E. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Yamazaki, R. Younes, G. Yu, H. -F. Zhu, S. J. Bhat, P. N. Briggs, M. S. Byrne, D. Foley, S. Goldstein, A. Jenke, P. Kippen, R. M. Kouveliotou, C. McBreen, S. Meegan, C. Paciesas, W. S. Preece, R. Rau, A. Tierney, D. van der Horst, A. J. von Kienlin, A. Wilson-Hodge, C. Xiong, S. Cusumano, G. La Parola, V. Cummings, J. R. TI Fermi-LAT Observations of the Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 130427A SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION; SPECTRAL COMPONENT; AFTERGLOW; PROMPT AB The observations of the exceptionally bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) 130427A by the Large Area Telescope aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope provide constraints on the nature of these unique astrophysical sources. GRB 130427A had the largest fluence, highest-energy photon (95 GeV), longest gamma-ray duration (20 hours), and one of the largest isotropic energy releases ever observed from a GRB. Temporal and spectral analyses of GRB 130427A challenge the widely accepted model that the nonthermal high-energy emission in the afterglow phase of GRBs is synchrotron emission radiated by electrons accelerated at an external shock. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Asano, K.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Atwood, W. B.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Moretti, E.; Ryde, F.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Moretti, E.; Ryde, F.] AlbaNova, Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Desiante, R.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Chiaro, G.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bechtol, K.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Di Venere, L.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Funk, S.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Inoue, Y.; Jogler, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bechtol, K.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Di Venere, L.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Funk, S.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Inoue, Y.; Jogler, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bissaldi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. 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[Okumura, A.; Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Sonbas, E.] Adyaman Univ, TR-02040 Adyaman, Turkey. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Yamazaki, R.] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys & Math, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Younes, G.; Kouveliotou, C.; Wilson-Hodge, C.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [van der Horst, A. J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Cusumano, G.; La Parola, V.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [Cummings, J. R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Chiang, J (reprint author), Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM jchiang@slac.stanford.edu; charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil; nicola.omodei@stanford.edu; giacomov@slac.stanford.edu; sjzhu@umd.edu; shaolin.xiong@uah.edu RI Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Nemmen, Rodrigo/O-6841-2014; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Cusumano, Giancarlo/0000-0002-8151-1990; Inoue, Yoshiyuki/0000-0002-7272-1136; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; La Parola, Valentina/0000-0002-8087-6488; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Burgess, James/0000-0003-3345-9515; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577 NR 30 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 43 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6166 BP 42 EP 47 DI 10.1126/science.1242353 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 282HR UT WOS:000329162000042 PM 24263133 ER PT J AU Preece, R Burgess, JM von Kienlin, A Bhat, PN Briggs, MS Byrne, D Chaplin, V Cleveland, W Collazzi, AC Connaughton, V Diekmann, A Fitzpatrick, G Foley, S Gibby, M Giles, M Goldstein, A Greiner, J Gruber, D Jenke, P Kippen, RM Kouveliotou, C McBreen, S Meegan, C Paciesas, WS Pelassa, V Tierney, D van der Horst, AJ Wilson-Hodge, C Xiong, S Younes, G Yu, HF Ackermann, M Ajello, M Axelsson, M Baldini, L Barbiellini, G Baring, MG Bastieri, D Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Bonamente, E Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Dermer, CD Desiante, R Digel, SW Di Venere, L Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Favuzzi, C Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Granot, J Grenier, IA Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK Hayashida, M Iyyani, S Jogler, T Joannesson, G Kawano, T Knodlseder, J Kocevski, D Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Moretti, E Morselli, A Murgia, S Nemmen, R Nuss, E Nymark, T Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Okumura, A Omodei, N Orienti, M Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Racusin, JL Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Ritz, S Roth, M Ryde, F Sartori, A Scargle, JD Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Thayer, JG Thayer, JB Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Werner, M Winer, BL Wood, KS Zhu, S AF Preece, R. Burgess, J. Michael von Kienlin, A. Bhat, P. N. Briggs, M. S. Byrne, D. Chaplin, V. Cleveland, W. Collazzi, A. C. Connaughton, V. Diekmann, A. Fitzpatrick, G. Foley, S. Gibby, M. Giles, M. Goldstein, A. Greiner, J. Gruber, D. Jenke, P. Kippen, R. M. Kouveliotou, C. McBreen, S. Meegan, C. Paciesas, W. S. Pelassa, V. Tierney, D. van der Horst, A. J. Wilson-Hodge, C. Xiong, S. Younes, G. Yu, H. -F. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Axelsson, M. Baldini, L. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. G. Bastieri, D. Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Bonamente, E. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Dermer, C. D. Desiante, R. Digel, S. W. Di Venere, L. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Favuzzi, C. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Granot, J. Grenier, I. A. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. Hayashida, M. Iyyani, S. Jogler, T. Joannesson, G. Kawano, T. Knoedlseder, J. Kocevski, D. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Moretti, E. Morselli, A. Murgia, S. Nemmen, R. Nuss, E. Nymark, T. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Racusin, J. L. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Ritz, S. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sartori, A. Scargle, J. D. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Thayer, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Werner, M. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Zhu, S. TI The First Pulse of the Extremely Bright GRB 130427A: A Test Lab for Synchrotron Shocks SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; BATSE OBSERVATIONS; PROMPT EMISSION; PEAK ENERGY; COMPONENT; SPECTRA AB Gamma-ray burst (GRB) 130427A is one of the most energetic GRBs ever observed. The initial pulse up to 2.5 seconds is possibly the brightest well-isolated pulse observed to date. A fine time resolution spectral analysis shows power-law decays of the peak energy from the onset of the pulse, consistent with models of internal synchrotron shock pulses. However, a strongly correlated power-law behavior is observed between the luminosity and the spectral peak energy that is inconsistent with curvature effects arising in the relativistic outflow. It is difficult for any of the existing models to account for all of the observed spectral and temporal behaviors simultaneously. C1 [Preece, R.] Univ Alabama, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Burgess, J. Michael; Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M. S.; Chaplin, V.; Connaughton, V.; Jenke, P.; Meegan, C.; Pelassa, V.; Xiong, S.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [von Kienlin, A.; Foley, S.; Greiner, J.; Gruber, D.; McBreen, S.; Yu, H. -F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Byrne, D.; Fitzpatrick, G.; Foley, S.; McBreen, S.; Tierney, D.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Cleveland, W.; Paciesas, W. S.; Younes, G.] USRA, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Collazzi, A. C.; Goldstein, A.; Kouveliotou, C.; Wilson-Hodge, C.; Younes, G.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Diekmann, A.; Gibby, M.; Giles, M.] Jacobs Technol, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [van der Horst, A. J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Conrad, J.; Iyyani, S.; Larsson, J.; Larsson, S.; Moretti, E.; Nymark, T.] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.; Iyyani, S.; Larsson, J.; Moretti, E.; Nymark, T.; Ryde, F.] AlbaNova, Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Desiante, R.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Baring, M. G.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Chiaro, G.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Bissaldi, E.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Werner, M.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Bonamente, E.; Cecchi, C.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; de Palma, F.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC, Inst CiEncies Espai IEEE, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Di Venere, L.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Jogler, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Di Venere, L.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; Hayashida, M.; Jogler, T.; Kocevski, D.; Lande, J.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Murgia, S.; Okumura, A.; Omodei, N.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. G.; Thayer, J. B.; Tibaldo, L.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Caraveo, P. A.; Sartori, A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Ctr Earth Observing & Space Res, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy. [Ciprini, S.] Osserv Astron Roma, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Iyyani, S.; Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Dermer, C. D.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Kawano, T.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Gehrels, N.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Nemmen, R.; Perkins, J. S.; Racusin, J. L.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Granot, J.] Open Univ Israel, Dept Nat Sci, IL-43537 Raanana, Israel. [Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA IRFU CNRS, Lab AIM, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Joannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ohno, M.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Okumura, A.; Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Roth, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Scargle, J. D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Troja, E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Troja, E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Preece, R (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM preecer@uah.edu; James.Burgess@uah.edu; azk@mpe.mpg.de; charles.dermer@nrl.navy.mil; nicola.omodei@stanford.edu RI Nemmen, Rodrigo/O-6841-2014; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; Iyyani, Shabnam/D-8736-2017; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011 OI Moretti, Elena/0000-0001-5477-9097; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; Preece, Robert/0000-0003-1626-7335; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Burgess, James/0000-0003-3345-9515; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; /0000-0003-0065-2933; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Iyyani, Shabnam/0000-0002-2525-3464; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553 NR 29 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 3 PY 2014 VL 343 IS 6166 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1126/science.1242302 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 282HR UT WOS:000329162000044 PM 24263132 ER PT J AU Braje, DA DeSavage, SA Adler, CL Davis, JP Narducci, FA AF Braje, D. A. DeSavage, S. A. Adler, C. L. Davis, J. P. Narducci, F. A. TI A frequency selective atom interferometer magnetometer SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article DE atom interferometer; Ramsey interference ID RAMAN RESONANCES; MAGNETIC-FIELDS AB In this article, we discuss the magnetic-field frequency selectivity of a time-domain interferometer based on the number and timing of intermediate pulses. We theoretically show that by adjusting the number of pulses and the -pulse timing, we can control the frequency selectivity of the interferometer to time varying and DC magnetic fields. We present experimental data demonstrating increased coherence time due to bandwidth filtering with the inclusion of a pulse between the initial and final pulses, which mitigates sensitivity to low frequency magnetic fields. C1 [Braje, D. A.] MIT, RF & Quantum Syst Technol Grp, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. [DeSavage, S. A.] Aerosp Mass Properties Anal Inc, N Wales, PA 19454 USA. [Adler, C. L.] St Marys Coll Maryland, Dept Phys, St Marys City, MD 20686 USA. [Davis, J. P.; Narducci, F. A.] Naval Air Syst Command, EO Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Narducci, FA (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, EO Sensors Div, Bldg 2187,Suite 3190,48110 Shaw Rd, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM frank@aps.org FU Office of Naval Research [N000421WX20313]; Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research & Engineering under Air Force [FA8721-05-C-0002] FX We recognize financial support to Pax River from the Office of Naval Research (Section 219 grant and Grant N000421WX20313). The Lincoln Laboratory portion of this work is sponsored by the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research & Engineering under Air Force Contract #FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States Government. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 EI 1362-3044 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 61 IS 1 SI SI BP 61 EP 71 DI 10.1080/09500340.2013.850776 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA AB1CS UT WOS:000331529500011 ER PT J AU Avramov-Zamurovic, S Nelson, C Malek-Madani, R Korotkova, O AF Avramov-Zamurovic, S. Nelson, C. Malek-Madani, R. Korotkova, O. TI The dependence of the intensity PDF of a random beam propagating in the maritime atmosphere on source coherence SO WAVES IN RANDOM AND COMPLEX MEDIA LA English DT Article ID PROBABILITY DENSITY-FUNCTION; SPACE LASER-COMMUNICATION; GAUSSIAN-BEAM; TURBULENCE; MODEL AB Measurements of intensity statistics of a spatially pre-randomized laser beam propagating in a turbulent atmosphere along two horizontal links in close proximity to grassy ground and above a creek have been carried out in the fall of 2012. The pre-randomization of the laser beam was made by using a nematic Spatial Light Modulator placed at the laser source exit. The beam's phase is randomized with Gaussian statistics with zero mean and fully controllable degree of coherence. The receiver consisted of an amplified photodetector and data acquisition device which were used to capture the beam intensity fluctuations after propagation through turbulent media. The results for the intensity Probability Density Function (PDF), the Cumulative Distribution Function and, in particular, for the scintillation index are presented for a variety of the source's states of coherence and environmental conditions. The analytical PDF is reconstructed from the statistical moments of intensity with the help of the Gamma-Laguerre model. The results clearly illustrate the dependence of the shapes of the density functions on the level of the source's degree of coherence and on environmental parameters. It is shown that the optimal source coherence level may be experimentally found to obtain the narrowest profile for the intensity PDF. C1 [Avramov-Zamurovic, S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Nelson, C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Malek-Madani, R.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Korotkova, O.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Avramov-Zamurovic, S (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM avramov@usna.edu FU US ONR [N0018913P1226]; US AFOSR [FA 955012-11-0449]; ONR [N001413 WX 20152] FX O. Korotkova's research is supported by US ONR (grant N0018913P1226) and US AFOSR (grant FA 955012-11-0449). Shawn Muder is acknowledged for technical support with instrumentation and data processing. Svetlana Avramov-Zamurovic, Reza Malek-Madani and Charles Nelson are sponsored by ONR (N001413 WX 20152). NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1745-5030 EI 1745-5049 J9 WAVE RANDOM COMPLEX JI Waves Random Complex Media PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 24 IS 1 BP 69 EP 82 DI 10.1080/17455030.2013.874055 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AB1BO UT WOS:000331526500005 ER PT J AU Roland, CM Fragiadakis, D Roy, D Urban, S AF Roland, C. Michael Fragiadakis, Daniel Roy, Debjani Urban, Stanislaw TI Volumetric study of n-octyloxy-cyanobiphenyl (8OCB) SO LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article DE specific volume; high pressure; interaction potential; 8OCB ID NEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; HIGH-PRESSURE; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; PHASE; TRANSITION; DIFFUSION AB Volumetric measurements were carried out on n-octyloxy-cyanobiphenyl (8OCB) over temperatures from ambient to 150 degrees C at pressures up to 200MPa, encompassing the liquid, nematic and smectic liquid crystalline, and crystal states. From the step changes in volume at the transitions, the phase boundaries and the associated activation enthalpies and energies were determined. The results are consistent with prior studies that were limited to a narrower range of thermodynamic conditions. The thermodynamic potential parameter, , found for the isotropic-nematic transition, =3.15, is significantly smaller than the scaling exponent (=4.4) that superposes the longitudinal relaxation times in the nematic state. From this non-equivalence, we conclude that the order parameter must vary with pressure along the clearing line. By comparing the phase behaviour of the nematic state for isochoric and isobaric conditions, the relative contribution of volume was determined to be less that the effect of thermal energy on the thermodynamic stability. C1 [Roland, C. Michael; Fragiadakis, Daniel; Roy, Debjani] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Urban, Stanislaw] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. RP Urban, S (reprint author), Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Reymonta 4, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. EM ufurban@cyf-kr.edu.pl FU Office of Naval Research FX DR acknowledges a National Research Council postdoctoral fellowship. The work at NRL was supported by the Office of Naval Research. The authors thank Prof. Albert Wurflinger for providing the dielectric relaxation times in numerical form and for valuable remarks. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-8292 EI 1366-5855 J9 LIQ CRYST JI Liq. Cryst. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 41 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1080/02678292.2013.828332 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA 285WR UT WOS:000329426200002 ER PT J AU Straessler, NA Deschamps, JR AF Straessler, Nicholas A. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. TI Aliphatic Versus Aromatic Nucleophilic Attack of NH3 on Trialkoxy-trinitrobenzenes in the Preparation of TATB SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE 1,3-dimethoxy-2,4,6-trinitro-5-propoxybenzene; ADAP; amination; TATB ID 1,3,5-TRIAMINO-2,4,6-TRINITROBENZENE TATB; SUBSTITUTION; CRYSTAL; REGIOSELECTIVITY AB 1,3,5-Trimethoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, 1,3,5-triethoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, and 1,3-dimethoxy-2,4,6-trinitro-5-propoxybenzene were used in a comparative amination study to evaluate the effect that alkyl ether chain length has on directing the nucleophile in the preparation of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene. The results indicated that in the presence of excess ammonia, the aromatic propyl ether carbon is more susceptible to nucleophilic attack than the aromatic methyl ether carbons. Amination of 1,3,5-triethoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene yielded the purest 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene. The implications of these results on the nucleophilic amination reaction are discussed. C1 [Straessler, Nicholas A.] ATK Aerosp Grp, Res & Dev, Brigham City, UT 84302 USA. [Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Straessler, NA (reprint author), ATK Aerosp Grp, Res & Dev, UT 40-244,POB 707, Brigham City, UT 84302 USA. EM Nick.Straessler@ATK.com OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 FU Department of Defense: Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP Project) [WP1582]; ATK Aerospace Contract [W912HQ-07-C-0018]; Naval Research Laboratory; Office of Naval Research FX This research was supported by the Department of Defense: Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP Project #WP1582) and performed under ATK Aerospace Contract W912HQ-07-C-0018. Ken Spaulding, Roger Sorensen, and Kieth Nielsen of ATK are acknowledged for performing the HPLC, DSC, and elemental analyses, respectively. Thanks to Dr. Alex Paraskos for his technical insight regarding TATB synthesis and characterization. X-ray crystallographic studies were supported by the Naval Research Laboratory and the Office of Naval Research. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 28 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 1 BP 60 EP 70 DI 10.1080/07370652.2012.758190 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 184KA UT WOS:000321887300006 ER PT J AU Park, D Kim, M Ku, B Yoon, S Han, DK AF Park, Dubok Kim, Minjae Ku, Bonhwa Yoon, Sangmin Han, David K. GP IEEE TI Image Enhancement for Extremely Low Light Conditions SO 2014 11TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED VIDEO AND SIGNAL BASED SURVEILLANCE (AVSS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS) CY AUG 26-29, 2014 CL Korea Univ, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Korea Univ, Ctr Semiconductor Technol, BK21 Plus Humanware Informat Technol, Acoust Soc Korea HO Korea Univ AB In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed for contrast enhancement and noise reduction in very noisy data with low dynamic range on images captured by surveillance camera under extremely low light condition. For the initial noise reduction, a motion adaptive temporal filtering based on the Kalman filter is employed. Then, the denoised image is first inverted and subsequently dehazed as a tone mapping to enhance the visibility based on the observation that the inverted low light image presents quite similar characteristics to hazy image. Finally, the remaining noise is removed using the Non-local means (NLM) denoising step. The overall approach essentially transforms very dark images progressively into more visible form and effectively reduces the high intensity noise generated by the tone mapping process. From the experimental results, effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by comparing with the most recent and leading conventional method. C1 [Park, Dubok] Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Minjae; Ku, Bonhwa] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Yoon, Sangmin] Kookmin Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Park, D (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Visual Informat Proc, Seoul, South Korea. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-4871-0 PY 2014 BP 307 EP 312 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BD9YZ UT WOS:000365607900052 ER PT J AU Mungan, CE AF Mungan, Carl E. TI Analytically solving Tarzan's dilemma SO PHYSICS TEACHER LA English DT Letter C1 [Mungan, Carl E.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Mungan, CE (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSN PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PK PA 5110 ROANOKE PLACE SUITE 101, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740 USA SN 0031-921X J9 PHYS TEACH JI Phys. Teach. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 52 IS 1 BP 6 EP 6 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CX5XE UT WOS:000365775000001 ER PT J AU Wallar, A Plaku, E Sofge, DA AF Wallar, Alex Plaku, Erion Sofge, Donald A. GP IEEE TI A Planner for Autonomous Risk-Sensitive Coverage (PARCOV) by a Team of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles SO 2014 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON SWARM INTELLIGENCE (SIS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Swarm Intelligence (SIS) CY DEC 09-12, 2014 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc AB This paper proposes a path-planning approach to enable a team of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to efficiently conduct surveillance of sensitive areas. The proposed approach, termed PARCOV (Planner for Autonomous Risk-sensitive Coverage), seeks to maximize the area covered by the sensors mounted on each UAV while maintaining high sensor data quality and minimizing detection risk. PARCOV leverages from swarm intelligence the idea of using simple interactions among UAVs to promote an emergent behavior that achieves the desired objectives. PARCOV uses a dynamic grid to keep track of the parts of the space that have been surveyed and the times that they were last surveyed. This information is then used to move the UAVs toward areas that have not been covered in a long time. Moreover, a nonlinear optimization formulation is used to determine the altitude at which each UAV flies. The efficiency and scalability of PARCOV is demonstrated in simulation using complex environments and an increasing number of UAVs to conduct risk-sensitive surveillance. C1 [Wallar, Alex] Univ St Andrews, Sch Comp Sci, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, Fife, Scotland. [Plaku, Erion] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Sofge, Donald A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wallar, A (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Comp Sci, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, Fife, Scotland. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-4458-3 PY 2014 BP 283 EP 289 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD9LQ UT WOS:000364912700041 ER PT S AU Ancona, MG AF Ancona, M. G. GP IEEE TI Nonlinear Thermoelectroelastic Simulation of III-N Devices SO 2014 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIMULATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSES AND DEVICES (SISPAD) SE International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD) CY SEP 09-11, 2014 CL Yokohama, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Inoue Fdn Sci, Support Ctr Adv Telecommunicat Technol Res, IEEE Elect Devices Soc DE piezoelectric semiconductor; finite deformation; electroelasticity; nonlinearity; GaN devices; electrostriction; nanogenerator; diffusion-drift transport AB A consistent thermoelectroelastic description of piezoelectric semiconductors with finite deformation is presented. By including both kinematic and constitutive nonlinearities as well as a proper treatment of the electrostatic conditions at free surfaces, the theory allows situations with large strains to be modeled more accurately. In addition, the theory is rotationally invariant unlike the linear theory, and can therefore be applied to semiconducting MEMS structures that involve large mechanical displacements. These points are illustrated using numerical simulations of several different III-N devices of technological interest. C1 [Ancona, M. G.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ancona, MG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ancona@estd.nrl.navy.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1946-1569 BN 978-1-4799-5288-5 J9 INT CONF SIM SEMI PR PY 2014 BP 121 EP 124 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BD9LT UT WOS:000364919800031 ER PT J AU Coleman, MJ AF Coleman, Michael J. GP Inst Navigat TI A Gradient Method for Clock Weighting in an Ensemble Timescale Filter SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 46TH ANNUAL PRECISE TIME AND TIME INTERVAL SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS MEETING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting CY DEC 01-04, 2014 CL Boston,, MA ID TIME-SCALE AB When using a Kalman Filter implementation of a timescale, it is common to assign clock weights based on the variance of the clocks' state estimates. Filters can be tailored to constrain the weights so that: no one clock dominates the ensemble; certain groups of clocks maintain various weight levels; and/or, particular clocks are barred from the ensemble. The filters in question here compute weights based on current variances and utilize a set of constraints to protect a timescale from domination by one clock. By design, the clock weights are inversely related to the clock state variances; i.e., lower variance yields higher weight. Sudden changes in the variances and/or weights can affect each other in a Kalman Filter and occasionally cause unstable behavior. Timescale weighting in a Kalman Filter can be numerically sensitive, particularly if the weights are computed using an inverse of the variance. The inverse relation tends to amplify numerical errors in the weights when the variances are small. A clock whose stability is different from other clocks in a timescale ensemble, will disturb the timescale upon entry (going from zero to positive weight). If the weight distribution is changed substantially, the ensemble may be sufficiently disturbed that other filter features may invoke drastic actions such as phase break corrections. The approach considered in this report is to compute a desired weight distribution at each epoch, and move the weights towards that distribution. This is mathematically similar to following the gradient of a function V(w) where the function V computes a total variance of the ensemble for a given weight vector w. A trade between the current ensemble weight distribution and a more desirable distribution has been shown in several tests to yield greater continuity to the aposteriori variances. We investigate the performance of this weighting method using a variety of clock data. The use of a gradient type approach is thought to be more effective when the number of clocks in the ensemble is relatively small (about or fewer than 12). This approach is also beneficial to ensembles that contain clock members experiencing periodic breaks and/or outages. The goal is to determine how well this method will weigh an ensemble of clocks in a timescale such that the dynamics of the timescale are void of severe changes and corrections thereby improving stability. C1 [Coleman, Michael J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Coleman, MJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2014 BP 86 EP 92 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Physics; Telecommunications GA BD9OW UT WOS:000365041500014 ER PT J AU Senior, K Coleman, MJ AF Senior, Ken Coleman, Michael J. GP Inst Navigat TI Generation of Ensemble Timescales for Clocks at the Naval Research Laboratory SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 46TH ANNUAL PRECISE TIME AND TIME INTERVAL SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS MEETING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval Systems and Applications Meeting CY DEC 01-04, 2014 CL Boston,, MA ID TIME AB A laboratory that operates a large number and variety of clocks can often benefit from the implementation of a local ensemble timescale. When some of the best performing clocks are being evaluated, the need for a more stable reference becomes important and hence a timescale becomes desirable or even necessary. At NRL's Advanced Space PNT Branch, a collection of approximately 18 total clocks are considered in the generation of a timescale (or timescales) to provide a stable reference for other space qualified clocks that are hosted and under life test. Timescales at NRL are produced using a Kalman filter implementation complete with a multi state clock weighting algorithm and automatic outlier and clock break mitigation to help protect the ensemble from anomalous behavior and maintain stability. An Ensemble Timescale Filter (ETF) algorithm and associated software at NRL is already in service to provide for a number of sponsored applications. New timescales are formed by filtering local clock data through the same ETF code with various ensemble membership criteria or other filter settings. Features of the NRL filter algorithm include a model of up to eight clock states including stochastic, dynamic clock weighting, linear quadratic Gaussian (LOG) steering, automatic clock outlier and clock break detection and mitigation, as well as other miscellaneous features including ensemble membership specification, and adaptive clock parameter estimation With these features, associates within the branch have the ability to generate timescales from of any collection of subsets of the local clocks and alignment to external timescales via LQG steering (e.g., for alignment to UTC(NRL)). The goal of this activity is to provide a reference timescale for NRL clock evaluation purposes (e.g., GPS Clock Life Tests) that has comparable or better stability than the best local clocks and that is robustly available free of the effects caused by any single clock's anomalous behavior. C1 [Senior, Ken; Coleman, Michael J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Senior, K (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2014 BP 98 EP 105 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Physics; Telecommunications GA BD9OW UT WOS:000365041500016 ER PT J AU Acharya, S Rajasekar, A Shender, BS Hrebien, L Kam, M AF Acharya, Sayandeep Rajasekar, Arjun Shender, Barry S. Hrebien, Leonid Kam, Moshe GP IEEE TI Pulse Oximeter Signal Modeling and Fusion for Hypoxia Monitoring SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION (FUSION) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) CY JUL 07-10, 2014 CL Salamanca, SPAIN SP ISIF, VNiVERSiDAD Salamanca, Univ Carlos Madrid, IBM, IEEE, Indra DE Hypoxia Monitoring; Sensor Fusion; Kalman Filter; Colored Noise; Pulse Oximeters AB We develop models and fusion rules for oximeters that detect the onset of hypoxia. Hypoxia is a medical condition affecting portions of the body that are deprived of oxygen supply. Prolonged exposure to cerebral oxygen deficiency can lead to unconsciousness or even death. The onset of hypoxia in humans is of concern for those operating in high altitudes, and in military flights characterized by high-acceleration maneuvers. Using oximeters for measuring blood oxygen saturation levels is a common means to detect hypoxia in real time. Many types of oximeters can be used for this task but all are prone to complicated noise characteristics and bias inaccuracies. It may therefore be advisable to collect and combine data streams from multiple oximeters for more reliable Hypoxia/No Hypoxia decisions (compared to decisions made by a single oximeter). Here we develop statistical noise models for three popular types of oximeters (Respironics Novametrix 515B, Nonin forehead pulse oximeter 9847, and Masimo Rad-87). We also combine data streams from these oximeters using a Kalman filter. The result is a smooth and reliable estimate of blood oxygen saturation level which can be used to detect the onset of Hypoxia. C1 [Acharya, Sayandeep; Rajasekar, Arjun; Hrebien, Leonid; Kam, Moshe] Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Shender, Barry S.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Human Syst Dept, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Acharya, S (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM sa427@drexel.edu; ar924@drexel.edu; barry.shender@navy.mil; lhrebien@ece.drexel.edu; kam@minerva.ece.drexel.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2014 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD8FB UT WOS:000363896100105 ER PT J AU Canavan, R Ganesh, C Matuszak, B AF Canavan, Robert Ganesh, Chidambar Matuszak, Bill GP IEEE TI Evolution of Fusion in Navy Tactical Systems SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION (FUSION) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) CY JUL 07-10, 2014 CL Salamanca, SPAIN SP ISIF, VNiVERSiDAD Salamanca, Univ Carlos Madrid, IBM, IEEE, Indra DE data fusion; tactical systems; navy; correlation; ASW; C2 AB Due to advances in sensors and communications there has been an increase in data available to Naval Anti-Submarine Warfare tactical systems. Starting with paper plots, expanding to electronic displays and leading to current interactive assistance tools, these systems have evolved to handle the challenge of realizing the potential increase in Situational Awareness that increased data provides without overwhelming the watchteam. This paper traces the recent history of approaches to this problem, provides an overview of the evaluation of testing results from the techniques and discusses the lessons learned along the way to help guide future development. C1 [Canavan, Robert] Adapt Methods, Res & Dev, Centreville, VA 20120 USA. [Ganesh, Chidambar] USW Combat Syst, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI USA. [Matuszak, Bill] Adapt Methods, Mission Syst, Centreville, VA USA. RP Canavan, R (reprint author), Adapt Methods, Res & Dev, Centreville, VA 20120 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2014 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD8FB UT WOS:000363896100028 ER PT J AU Crouse, DF AF Crouse, David Frederic GP IEEE TI Simulating Targets near a Curved Earth SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION (FUSION) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) CY JUL 07-10, 2014 CL Salamanca, SPAIN SP ISIF, VNiVERSiDAD Salamanca, Univ Carlos Madrid, IBM, IEEE, Indra DE Geodesy; Simulation; Continuous time systems; Target tracking AB Most dynamic models for target tracking are derived for a flat Earth. When simulating the trajectories of targets over long ranges, the curvature of the Earth can become important. This paper demonstrates how most nonlinear, 3D, continuoustime, flat-Earth dynamic models can be easily adapted for use on a curved Earth without incorrectly spiraling into the poles as is typical of previous techniques. The algorithm is demonstrated with non-maneuvering and spiraling dynamic models. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Crouse, DF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.crouse@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2014 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD8FB UT WOS:000363896100111 ER PT J AU McAbee, A Scrofani, J Tummala, M Garren, D McEachen, J AF McAbee, Ashley Scrofani, James Tummala, Murali Garren, David McEachen, John GP IEEE TI Traffic Pattern Detection Using the Hough Transformation for Anomaly Detection to Improve Maritime Domain Awareness SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION (FUSION) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) CY JUL 07-10, 2014 CL Salamanca, SPAIN SP ISIF, VNiVERSiDAD Salamanca, Univ Carlos Madrid, IBM, IEEE, Indra DE Maritime Domain Awareness; Hough Transformation; Automated Information System; Pattern Extraction AB Techniques for extracting traffic patterns from ship position data to generate atlases of expected ocean travel are developed in this paper. An archive of historical data is used to develop a traffic density grid. The Hough transformation is used to extract linear patterns of elevated density from the traffic density grid, which can be considered the "highways" of the oceans. These highways collectively create an atlas that is used to define geographical regions of expected ship locations. The atlas generation techniques are demonstrated using automated information system (AIS) ship position data to detect highways in both open-ocean and coastal areas. Additionally, the atlas generation techniques are used to explore variability in ship traffic as a result of extreme weather. The development of an automatic atlas generation technique that can be used to develop a definition of normal maritime behavior is a significant result of this research. C1 [McAbee, Ashley; Scrofani, James; Tummala, Murali; Garren, David; McEachen, John] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. RP McAbee, A (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. EM jwscrofa@nps.edu; mtummala@nps.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2014 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD8FB UT WOS:000363896100005 ER PT J AU Silbert, ME Agate, CS AF Silbert, Mark E. Agate, Craig S. GP IEEE TI New Metrics for Quantifying Data Association Performance SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION (FUSION) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) CY JUL 07-10, 2014 CL Salamanca, SPAIN SP ISIF, VNiVERSiDAD Salamanca, Univ Carlos Madrid, IBM, IEEE, Indra DE fusion performance; association performance; missed association; incorrect association; track-to-track association; precision; recall AB Numerous metrics exist for quantifying the performance of information fusion systems. Some metrics focus on estimation accuracy by comparing estimated quantities to the truth. Other metrics assess the accuracy of the estimation uncertainty by determining the consistency of the estimation error covariance. In this paper we define two metrics that quantify the data association algorithm's performance (whether the data are measurements or tracks). We compare the metric to a few existing metrics that quantify the effects of data association and evaluate the new metrics both with some notional examples and with some simulated data run through a track-to-track (T2T) fusion algorithm. Finally, we discuss a direct analogy between the data association problem and the information retrieval problem and reference two metrics in the information retrieval domain that are equivalent to the two metrics proposed in this paper. C1 [Silbert, Mark E.] NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. [Agate, Craig S.] Toyon Res Corp, Goleta, CA USA. RP Silbert, ME (reprint author), NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM mark.silbert@navy.mil; cagate@toyon.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2014 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD8FB UT WOS:000363896100251 ER PT B AU Justus, BL Miller, MA Huston, AL AF Justus, Brian L. Miller, Mark A. Huston, Alan L. BE Webster, JG Eren, H TI Dosimetry Measurement SO MEASUREMENT, INSTRUMENTATION, AND SENSORS HANDBOOK: SPATIAL, MECHANICAL, THERMAL, AND RADIATION MEASUREMENT, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE; SYSTEM; GLASS C1 [Justus, Brian L.] Naval Res Lab, Dept Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Miller, Mark A.; Huston, Alan L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Justus, BL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Dept Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-4889-0; 978-1-4398-4888-3 PY 2014 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BD7IZ UT WOS:000363202800085 ER PT B AU Genzman, GN Fredriksson, DW Schultz, MP Trent, JD AF Genzman, Grant N. Fredriksson, David W. Schultz, Michael P. Trent, Jonathan D. GP ASME TI ANALYSIS OF THE LOADS ON AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF A FLOATING FLEXIBLE TUBE IN WAVES AND CURRENTS SO 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2014, VOL 8A: OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 08-13, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASME, Ocean, Offshore & Arct Engn Div AB Recently proposed offshore structure designs for wastewater treatment and algae biomass production may incorporate floating flexible tubes. In one configuration, the tubes float at the surface and contain a fluid and algae mixture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the loads on and dynamic response of such tubes in varying environmental conditions, specifically waves and currents. The approach includes both physical and numerical modeling techniques. Physical models at a scale of 1:4.21 (model to prototype) and two fill levels (50% and 95%) were tested in wave and towing tank facilities in the Hydromechanics Laboratory at the United States Naval Academy. The models were towed at a range of scaled speeds to represent currents and subjected to scaled wave conditions in one of the tanks. During these tests, attachment loads were measured and dynamic response was evaluated. In addition to the physical modeling approach, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to assess steady drag measurements at the 1:4.21 scale and the results were compared to the experimental tests. The CFD modeling results were comparable to those obtained from the physical modeling tests, at least at the higher fill levels that were analyzed. The results indicated that the model response tended to follow the wave forcing more at the middle wave frequencies. For both fill levels, the response of the forward end of model increased with wave frequency while the response of the rear end of the model remained rather consistent across the frequencies tested. The results did not indicate a significant difference in dynamic response when the model was tested in both waves and current. The average attachment loads, however, were higher when the model was tested in waves and a current than in waves only. The attachment loads were also higher in wave and current conditions that included a faster current or lower-frequency (larger) waves. The intent of the project, through both modeling methods, was to increase the understanding of the loads on and the response of a floating tube in waves and currents. Future work could include an increase number of replicates for better accuracy, additional test frequencies and tow speeds, alternate attachment techniques, and testing at larger scales for comparison. C1 [Genzman, Grant N.; Fredriksson, David W.; Schultz, Michael P.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Trent, Jonathan D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Genzman, GN (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4550-9 PY 2014 AR UNSP V08AT06A060 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD7SA UT WOS:000363498500060 ER PT B AU Ikeda, CM Judge, CQ AF Ikeda, Christine M. Judge, Carolyn Q. GP ASME TI SLAMMING IMPACTS OF HYDRODYNAMICALLY-SUPPORTED CRAFT SO 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2014, VOL 8A: OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 08-13, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASME, Ocean, Offshore & Arct Engn Div AB High speed planing boats are subject to repeated slamming impacts, which can cause structural damage and discomfort or injury to passengers. The goal of this research is to study the fundamental physics of the water-impact of high speed planing hulls and to measure the slamming loads and resulting motions of the craft upon re entry into the water after becoming partially airborne. A set of towed scale model experiments was conducted in calm water, regular waves and irregular waves to capture a sequence of individual impact events. Pressure measurements were taken on the bottom of the hull using both point sensors (PCB Piezotronics) and a pressure mapping system (Tekscan). The pressure signals from the pressure pads (providing both spatial and temporal resolution) and the point pressure measurements (high temporal resolution) will be presented for individual slam events, allowing a deterministic approach to investigating high speed planing craft wave slamming. C1 [Ikeda, Christine M.; Judge, Carolyn Q.] US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Ikeda, CM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM ikeda@usna.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4550-9 PY 2014 AR UNSP V08AT06A035 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD7SA UT WOS:000363498500035 ER PT B AU Judge, CQ AF Judge, Carolyn Q. GP ASME TI COUPLING OF HEAVE AND ROLL FOR HIGH-SPEED PLANING HULLS SO 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2014, VOL 8A: OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 08-13, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASME, Ocean, Offshore & Arct Engn Div ID DYNAMIC STABILITY; PREDICTION; CRAFT AB For planing hulls, dynamic lift reduces the submergence of the hull, allowing small motions to result in large changes in hydrodynamic forces and moments. The dynamic lift forces acting on the bottom of a planing hull dominate the hydrodynamics and these lift forces are known to depend on speed and wetted surface. As a planing boat rolls the wetted surface changes, which affects the dynamic lift. A series of tests using a wooden prismatic planing hull model with a constant deadrise of 20 degrees were done at static heel and heave positions as well as oscillating heave conditions. This paper presents the results from these experiments, primarily looking at the hydrodynamic coefficients in heave as a function of heel angle and exploring the coupling between these motions for a prismatic high-speed planing hull. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Judge, CQ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM judge@usna.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4550-9 PY 2014 AR UNSP V08AT06A019 PG 6 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD7SA UT WOS:000363498500019 ER PT B AU Wang, KG Lea, P Main, A McGarity, O Farhat, C AF Wang, Kevin G. Lea, Patrick Main, Alex McGarity, Owen Farhat, Charbel GP ASME TI PREDICTIVE SIMULATION OF UNDERWATER IMPLOSION: COUPLING MULTI-MATERIAL COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS WITH CRACKING STRUCTURES SO 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2014, VOL 8A: OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 08-13, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASME, Ocean, Offshore & Arct Engn Div ID EMBEDDED BOUNDARY METHODS; DYNAMIC CRACK; THIN-SHELLS; PROPAGATION; COMPUTATION; ALGORITHMS AB The implosive collapse of a gas-filled underwater structure can lead to strong pressure pulses and high-speed fragments that form a potential threat to adjacent structures. In this work, a high-fidelity, fluid-structure coupled computational approach is developed to simulate such an event. It allows quantitative prediction of the dynamics of acoustic and shock waves in water and the initiation and propagation of cracks in the structure. This computational approach features an extended finite element method ()OEM) for the highly-nonlinear structural dynamics characterized by large plastic deformation and fracture. It also features a finite volume method with exact two-phase Riemann solvers (FIVER) for the solution of the multi-material flow problem arising from the contact of gas and water after the structure fractures. The Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver and the Lagrangian computational structural dynamics (CSD) solver are coupled by means of an embedded boundary method of second-order accuracy in space. The capabilities and performance of this computational approach are explored and discussed in the full-scale simulations of a laboratory implosion experiment with hydrostatic loading and a three-dimensional manufactured implosion problem with explosion loading. C1 [Wang, Kevin G.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Aerosp & Ocean Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Lea, Patrick] Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Main, Alex; Farhat, Charbel] Stanford Univ, Inst Computat & Math Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [McGarity, Owen] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dept Survivabil Struct & Mat, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Farhat, Charbel] Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Farhat, C (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Dept Mech Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4550-9 PY 2014 AR UNSP V08AT06A028 PG 10 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD7SA UT WOS:000363498500028 ER PT B AU Fu, TC O'Shea, TT Brucker, KA Judge, CQ Ikeda, CM Wyatt, DC Dommermuth, DG AF Fu, Thomas C. O'Shea, Thomas T. Brucker, Kyle A. Judge, Carolyn Q. Ikeda, Christine M. Wyatt, Donald C. Dommermuth, Douglas G. GP ASME TI NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SHORT DURATION HYDRODYNAMIC IMPACT SO 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2014, VOL 8B: OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 08-13, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASME, Ocean, Offshore & Arct Engn Div AB Numerical simulations of wedge impact experiments, undertaken by the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, NSWCCD, and more recently by the United States Naval Academy, USNA, Hydromechsnics Laboratory, were performed using the computational fluid dynamics code Numerical Flow Analysis, NFA, to assess its capabilities in simulating the short duration hydrodynamic loading associated with free-surface impact. NSWCCD performed experiments using drop heights of 15.24 cm (6 in) and 25.4 cm (10 in), while the Naval Academy used drop heights of: 7.94, 12.7, 15.88, 25.4, 31.75, 38.1, and 50.8 cm (3.125, 5.0, 6.25, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, and 20.0 in), measured from the keel of the wedge to the calm water surface. Simulations and comparisons were made at heights of 15.24 cm (6 in) and 25.4 cm (10 in) with the NSWCCD data, and 12.5 inches for the USNA data providing for a detailed examination of NFA's ability to simulate and predict short duration hydrodynamic impacts. C1 [Fu, Thomas C.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [O'Shea, Thomas T.; Brucker, Kyle A.; Wyatt, Donald C.; Dommermuth, Douglas G.] SAIC, San Diego, CA USA. [Judge, Carolyn Q.; Ikeda, Christine M.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Fu, TC (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4551-6 PY 2014 AR UNSP V08BT06A045 PG 9 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD7SB UT WOS:000363498600045 ER PT S AU Rudolph, SM Wall, WS Hong, SK Morgan, KL AF Rudolph, Scott M. Wall, Walter S. Hong, Sun K. Morgan, Kenneth L. GP IEEE TI Broadband Switching Nonlinear Metamaterial SO 2014 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium (APSURSI) CY JUL 06-11, 2014 CL Memphis, TN SP Inst Elect Elect Engineers, Inst Elect Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc AB In this presentation, we introduce a nonlinear metamaterial capable of transitioning between a broadband reflective and broadband transparent state depending on the incident power level. Below the activation voltage, broadband reflectivity is created by forbidding propagation through the metamaterial as a result of the effective permittivity and permeability having different signs. Above the activation voltage, reflection is suppressed by matching the effective permittivity and permeability. Full-wave simulations are performed to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics of the structure. These simulations demonstrate a 10 dB reduction in reflected amplitude over a 24.4% fractional bandwidth and a maximum difference in reflection of more than 30 dB. C1 [Rudolph, Scott M.; Wall, Walter S.; Hong, Sun K.; Morgan, Kenneth L.] Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rudolph, SM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Tact Elect Warfare Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM scott.rudolph@nrl.navy.mil RI Hong, Sun/E-9597-2014 OI Hong, Sun/0000-0003-4417-8727 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4799-3540-6 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2014 BP 1228 EP 1229 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BD5LF UT WOS:000361554401175 ER PT S AU Rao, SM AF Rao, Sadasiva M. GP IEEE TI Method of Moments Solution of Electrically Large EM Scattering Problems Using Numerically Generated Macro-Basis Functions - Preliminary Results SO 2014 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium (APSURSI) CY JUL 06-11, 2014 CL Memphis, TN SP Inst Elect Elect Engineers, Inst Elect Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc AB In this work, we present a new method of moments solution procedure to obtain induced currents on a large conducting body due to a plane wave incidence. The procedure involves generating macro-basis functions defined over a large surface area as opposed to micro-basis functions in the conventional scheme. In fact, the new macro-basis function is generated as a linear combination of conventional micro-basis functions and unique to the problem at hand. The new approach is simple, efficient, can be easily applied to both antenna and scattering problems, and retains all the advantages of conventional method of moments scheme. Preliminary results involving two and three dimensional objects are presented to validate the numerical procedure. C1 Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rao, SM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4799-3540-6 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2014 BP 1998 EP 1999 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BD5LF UT WOS:000361554402044 ER PT S AU Rao, SM AF Rao, Sadasiva M. GP IEEE TI Application of Modified Gram-Schmidt Procedure to Obtain Induced Currents on a Section of a Large Body SO 2014 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium (APSURSI) CY JUL 06-11, 2014 CL Memphis, TN SP Inst Elect Elect Engineers, Inst Elect Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc AB In this work, we present a method of moments solution procedure to obtain induced currents on a section of a large conducting body due to a plane wave incidence without solving the whole problem. The solution procedure is based on the application of Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure. The currents obtained on the selected portion of the structure are exact, in the sense that the same currents would be obtained by solving the complete problem. Further, this procedure is also useful to obtain the complete solution of the body. The new approach is simple, efficient, and can be easily applied to both antenna and scattering problems. Preliminary results are presented to validate the numerical procedure. C1 Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rao, SM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4799-3540-6 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2014 BP 2008 EP 2009 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BD5LF UT WOS:000361554402049 ER PT S AU Chatterjee, D Kluskens, MS AF Chatterjee, Deb Kluskens, Michael S. GP IEEE TI Numerical Assessment of Uniform Asymptotic Solutions for a Class of Sommerfeld Integrals for Microstrip Antenna Problems SO 2014 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSURSI) SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium (APSURSI) CY JUL 06-11, 2014 CL Memphis, TN SP Inst Elect Elect Engineers, Inst Elect Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc ID SURFACE GREEN-FUNCTION C1 [Chatterjee, Deb] UMKC, CSEE Dept, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Kluskens, Michael S.] US Navy, Div Radar, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM chatd@umkc.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-4799-3540-6 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2014 BP 2202 EP 2203 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BD5LF UT WOS:000361554402145 ER PT S AU Lee, TC Guyette, A Naglich, EJ Peroulis, D AF Lee, Tsung-Chieh Guyette, Andrew Naglich, Eric J. Peroulis, Dimitrios GP IEEE TI Coupling-Matrix-Based SAW Filter Design SO 2014 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY JUN 01-06, 2014 CL Tampa, FL SP IEEE MTT S DE Filters; bandpass filter; surface acoustic wave resonator; SAW filter AB This paper presents a design method for resonator-type bandpass SAW filters that results in significantly larger bandwidth than what is currently possible with traditional SAW filter synthesis approaches. Unlike traditional lattice/ladder-type SAW filters, this method employs SAW resonators of a single resonant frequency and therefore reduces the complexity of SAW filter design. The proposed coupling-matrix-based SAW resonator models allow for the realization of a custom frequency response using non-custom SAW resonators. Two different implementations, lumped element (LE) and microstrip line (ML), are demonstrated and achieve 3-dB fractional bandwidths (FBWs) of 0.197% and 0.1 % while the electromechanical coupling coefficients, K-t(2), of the SAW resonators used are 0.132% and 0.049%, respectively. C1 [Lee, Tsung-Chieh; Naglich, Eric J.; Peroulis, Dimitrios] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guyette, Andrew] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lee, TC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM lee640@purdue.edu; andrew.guyette@nrl.navy.mil; eric.naglich@gmail.com; dperouli@purdue.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4799-3869-8 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2014 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BD7MH UT WOS:000363283700328 ER PT S AU Naglich, EJ Guyette, AC Peroulis, D AF Naglich, Eric J. Guyette, Andrew C. Peroulis, Dimitrios GP IEEE TI High-Q Intrinsically-Switched Quasi-Absorptive Tunable Bandstop Filter With Electrically-Short Resonators SO 2014 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY JUN 01-06, 2014 CL Tampa, FL SP IEEE MTT S DE Filters; microwave filters; passive filters; tunable filters; tunable resonators AB Tunable high-Q intrinsically-switchable quasi-absorptive bandstop filters are presented in the 4 GHz to 6 GHz and 6.3 GHz to 11.4 GHz frequency ranges. Their responses can be reconfigured between all pass and tunable bandstop filter responses by simply tuning the center frequency of their resonators, avoiding insertion loss and control voltages associated with the series switches required in conventional bandstop filter banks that have similar response reconfiguration capability. In contrast to previously shown intrinsically-switchable bandstop filters, the filters shown in this paper require only one tuning element per resonator, have a significantly higher quality factor (650), and use electrically-short resonators. When combined with destructive interference attenuation enhancement techniques, these characteristics enable >60 dB maximum attenuation in the bandstop state and less than 2.0 dB insertion loss in the all pass state. C1 [Naglich, Eric J.; Peroulis, Dimitrios] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guyette, Andrew C.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Naglich, EJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4799-3869-8 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2014 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BD7MH UT WOS:000363283700276 ER PT B AU Lader, P Fredriksson, DW Volent, Z DeCew, J Rosten, T Strand, IM AF Lader, Pal Fredriksson, David W. Volent, Zsolt DeCew, Jud Rosten, Trond Strand, Ida M. GP ASME TI DRAG FORCES ON, AND DEFORMATION OF, CLOSED FLEXIBLE BAGS SO 33RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OCEAN, OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING, 2014, VOL 7: OCEAN SPACE UTILIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd ASME International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering CY JUN 08-13, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASME, Ocean, Offshore & Arct Engn Div ID FILLED MEMBRANE; WAVES AB The use of closed flexible bags is among the suggestions considered as a potential way to expand the salmon production in Norway. Few ocean structures exist with large, heavily compliant submerged components, and there is presently limited existing knowledge about how aquaculture systems with flexible closed cages will respond to external sea loads. The flexibility and deformation of the bag is coupled to the hydrodynamic forces, and the forces and deformation will be dependent on the filling level of the bag. In order to get a better understanding of the drag forces on, and deformation of, such bags, experiments were conducted with a series of closed flexible bags. The bags were towed in a towing tank in order to simulate uniform current. Four different geometries were investigated, cylindrical, cubical, conical and pyramidal, and the filling levels were varied between 70% and 120%. The main findings from the experiments were that the drag force was highly dependent on the filling level, and that the drag force increases with decreasing filling level. Comparing the drag force on a deflated bag with an inflated one showed an increase of up to 2.5 times. C1 [Lader, Pal; Volent, Zsolt; Rosten, Trond] SINTEF Fisheries & Aquaculture, Trondheim, Norway. [Fredriksson, David W.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MA USA. [DeCew, Jud] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Strand, Ida M.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway. RP Lader, P (reprint author), SINTEF Fisheries & Aquaculture, Trondheim, Norway. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4549-3 PY 2014 AR V007T05A005 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD7RZ UT WOS:000363498400005 ER PT B AU Smith, BT AF Smith, B. T. BE Krause, J TI Seasoning the US 2nd Infantry Division SO GREATER WAR: OTHER COMBATANTS AND OTHER FRONTS, 1914-1918 SE Studies in Military and Strategic History LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Navy, Washington, DC 20350 USA. RP Smith, BT (reprint author), US Navy, Washington, DC 20350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-36064-9; 978-1-137-36066-3; 978-1-137-36065-6 J9 STUD MIL STRATEG HIS PY 2014 BP 195 EP 216 PG 22 WC History SC History GA BD4UM UT WOS:000361134100012 ER PT B AU Abdi, F Xue, YB Morscher, GN Choi, S AF Abdi, Frank Xue, Yibin Morscher, Gregory N. Choi, Sung GP ASME TI QUANTIFICATION OF FOREIGN OBJECT DAMAGE (FOD) AND ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY FOR CMCs AND TENSILE RESIDUAL STRENGTH PREDICTION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Dusseldorf, GERMANY SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES; CRACKING; CREEP AB SiC-based ceramic matrix composites (CMC) in turbine engine applications must sustain certain foreign object impacts that might occur in services. Experiments and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) have illustrated good correlations between impact energy and foreign object damage (POD) assessed using electrical resistivity (ER), acoustic emission (AE), and microscopy. In this paper, a progressive failure dynamic analysis (PFDA) method is explored in understanding and predicting the damage states, electrical resistivity, and residual strength after impact of CMCs. In general, CMCs are modeled using effective fiber, matrix, and interface constitutive behaviors, from which the lamina stiffness and strengths can be derived. Similarly, the electrical resistivity of a lamina is homogenized based on the percolation theory for inclusion/discontinuities dispersion in a matrix for voids and Si particles, as well as fibers, and damages after impact. To accurately correlate the damage state with ER, the PFA tool has been improved to incorporate the physical damage mechanisms in CMCs, which are matrix microcrack density due to both longitudinal and transverse tensile loads and the fiber breakage due to probabilistic fiber strength distribution. The predicted damage states and ER are correlated with the measurement of FOD and validated with tension after impact tests using high temperature ER. The PFDA tool has demonstrated a great potential for CMCs' POD and residual strength predictions. C1 [Abdi, Frank; Xue, Yibin] AlphaSTAR Corp, Long Beach, CA 90804 USA. [Morscher, Gregory N.] Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Choi, Sung] NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Abdi, F (reprint author), AlphaSTAR Corp, Long Beach, CA 90804 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4575-2 PY 2014 AR V006T02A004 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Automation & Control Systems; Education & Educational Research; Engineering; Materials Science GA BD6IJ UT WOS:000362239800004 ER PT B AU Baker, CR Maillet, E Morscher, GN Gyekenyesi, AL Choi, SR Abdi, F AF Baker, Christopher R. Maillet, Emmanuel Morscher, Gregory N. Gyekenyesi, Andrew L. Choi, Sung R. Abdi, Frank GP ASME TI HIGH VELOCITY IMPACT DAMAGE ASSESSMENT IN SIC/SIC COMPOSITES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Dusseldorf, GERMANY SP Int Gas Turbine Inst AB Foreign object damage in gas turbines presents serious safety and financial concerns. As the aerospace industry draws closer to implementing ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in gas turbines, the corresponding behavior in these materials after such events needs to be understood. To address this requirement, several silicon infiltrated fiber reinforced SiC/SiC coupons were impacted with high speed projectiles with velocities up to 360 m/s with an impact rig built at the University of Akron and NAVAIR. The resulting damage states were assessed using several non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques and compared to actual damage condition observed through the sectioning of impacted coupons. Ultimately, the true consequence of the damage was revealed by measuring the post-impact, residual strengths via uniaxial tensile tests to failure at both room and elevated temperatures. Lastly, the NDE results revealed a complicated damage morphology consisting of in-and-out-of plane damage that significantly affected the retained mechanical properties. C1 [Baker, Christopher R.; Maillet, Emmanuel; Morscher, Gregory N.] Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Gyekenyesi, Andrew L.] Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH USA. [Choi, Sung R.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA. [Abdi, Frank] AlphaSTAR Corp, Long Beach, CA USA. RP Baker, CR (reprint author), Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4575-2 PY 2014 AR V006T02A012 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Automation & Control Systems; Education & Educational Research; Engineering; Materials Science GA BD6IJ UT WOS:000362239800012 ER PT B AU Choi, SR Faucett, DC Skelley, B AF Choi, Sung R. Faucett, D. Calvin Skelley, Brenna GP ASME TI SLOW CRACK GROWTH OF A PYROCERAM GLASS CERAMIC UNDER STATIC FATIGUE LOADING - COMMONALITY OF SLOW CRACK GROWTH IN ADVANCED CERAMICS - SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Dusseldorf, GERMANY SP Int Gas Turbine Inst DE slow crack growth (SCG); static fatigue; dynamic fatigue; Pyroceram (TM) 9606; glass-ceramic; life prediction; advanced ceramics; ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) ID BRITTLE MATERIALS; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; MATRIX COMPOSITES; STRENGTH; VELOCITY; SHEAR AB An extensive experimental work for Pyroceram (TM) 9606 glass-ceramic was conducted to determine static fatigue at ambient temperature in distilled water. This work was an extension and companion of the previous work conducted in dynamic fatigue. Four different applied stresses ranging from 120 to 170 MPa was incorporated with a total of 20-23 test specimens used at each of four applied stresses. The slow crack growth parameters n and D were found to be n=19 and D=45 with a coefficient of correlation of r(coef) = 0.9653. The Weibull modulus of time to failure was in a range of m(sf)=1.6 to 1.9 with an average of m(sf)=1.7 +/- 0.2. A life prediction using the previously-determined dynamic fatigue data was in excellent agreement with the static fatigue data. The life prediction approach was also applied to advanced monolithic ceramics and ceramic matrix composites based on their dynamic and static fatigue data determined at elevated temperatures. All of these results indicated that a SCG mechanism governed by a power-law crack-growth formulation was operative, a commonality of slow crack growth in these materials systems. C1 [Choi, Sung R.; Faucett, D. Calvin; Skelley, Brenna] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Choi, SR (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. EM sung.choi1@navy.mil NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4575-2 PY 2014 AR V006T02A014 PG 11 WC Automation & Control Systems; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Automation & Control Systems; Education & Educational Research; Engineering; Materials Science GA BD6IJ UT WOS:000362239800014 ER PT S AU Vissicchio, S Vanbever, L Cittadini, L Xie, GG Bonaventure, O AF Vissicchio, Stefano Vanbever, Laurent Cittadini, Luca Xie, Geoffrey G. Bonaventure, Olivier GP IEEE TI Safe Routing Reconfigurations with Route Redistribution SO 2014 PROCEEDINGS IEEE INFOCOM SE IEEE INFOCOM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE Annual Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE INFOCOM) CY APR 27-MAY 02, 2014 CL Toronto, CANADA SP IEEE AB Simultaneously providing flexibility, evolvability and correctness of routing is one of the basic and still unsolved problems in networking. Route redistribution provides a tool, used in many enterprise networks, to either partition a network into multiple routing domains or merge previously independent networks. However, no general technique exists for changing a live network's route redistribution configuration without incurring packet losses and service disruptions. In this paper, we study the problem of how to safely transition between route redistribution configurations. We investigate what anomalies may occur in the reconfiguration process, showing that many long-lasting forwarding loops can and do occur if naive techniques are applied. We devise new sufficient conditions for anomaly-free reconfigurations, and we leverage them to build provably safe and practical reconfiguration procedures. Our procedures enable seamless network re-organizations to accomplish both short-term objectives, such as local repair or traffic engineering, and long-term requirement changes. C1 [Vissicchio, Stefano; Bonaventure, Olivier] Catholic Univ Louvain, Louvain, Belgium. [Vanbever, Laurent] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Cittadini, Luca] RomaTre Univ, Rome, Italy. [Xie, Geoffrey G.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Vissicchio, S (reprint author), Belgian Fund Sci Res FRS FNRS, Liege, Belgium. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-166X BN 978-1-4799-3360-0 J9 IEEE INFOCOM SER PY 2014 BP 199 EP 207 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BD5KX UT WOS:000361544200023 ER PT B AU Lopez-Mariscal, C Gutierrez-Vega, JC AF Lopez-Mariscal, Carlos Gutierrez-Vega, Julio C. BE Dickey, FM TI Vortex Beam Shaping SO LASER BEAM SHAPING: THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; COMPUTER-GENERATED HOLOGRAMS; ORDER BESSEL BEAMS; GAUSSIAN LASER MODES; OPTICAL VORTICES; NONDIFFRACTING BEAMS; MATHIEU BEAMS; PHASE SINGULARITIES; WAVE-FIELDS; LIGHT-BEAMS C1 [Lopez-Mariscal, Carlos] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gutierrez-Vega, Julio C.] Tecnol Monterrey, Photon & Math Opt Grp, Monterrey, Mexico. RP Lopez-Mariscal, C (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-6101-4; 978-1-4665-6100-7 PY 2014 BP 127 EP 150 D2 10.1201/b17140 PG 24 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BD4EE UT WOS:000360540000005 ER PT B AU Dickey, FM Lopez-Mariscal, C Brown, DM AF Dickey, Fred M. Lopez-Mariscal, Carlos Brown, Daniel M. BE Dickey, FM TI Axicon Ring Generation Systems SO LASER BEAM SHAPING: THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LENS-AXICON; BEAM; DOUBLET; PATTERN C1 [Dickey, Fred M.] FMD Consulting LLC, Springfield, MO 65807 USA. [Lopez-Mariscal, Carlos] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Brown, Daniel M.] Optosensors Technol Inc, Gurley, AL USA. RP Dickey, FM (reprint author), FMD Consulting LLC, Springfield, MO 65807 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-6101-4; 978-1-4665-6100-7 PY 2014 BP 441 EP 462 D2 10.1201/b17140 PG 22 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BD4EE UT WOS:000360540000012 ER PT B AU Degiorgi, VG Kota, N Lewis, AC Qidwai, SM AF Degiorgi, Virginia G. Kota, Nithyanand Lewis, Alexis C. Qidwai, Siddiq M. GP ASME TI NUMERICAL MODELING OF PIT GROWTH IN MICROSTRUCTURE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID PITTING CORROSION; STAINLESS-STEEL; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; DISSOLUTION; CREVICE AB This work presents the numerical modeling of two-dimensional stable corrosion pit growth by solving the Laplace equation which defines the electric potential within the electrolyte. Microstructural features representative of a 316 stainless steel provides the matrix in which the pit grows. Real microstructural features are incorporated into the computational model. The objective is to determine the influence of the microstructure, specifically crystallographic orientation, on the shape of the pit as it grows over time. The high-resolution defmition of the microstructure is obtained by the orientation image microscopy (OIM) technique and is incorporated into the finite element model through a grid-based interpolation functionality. The steel-electrolyte corrosion front movement is simulated with the help of the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) meshing technique. The front speed, or the material dissolution rate, is approximated with the use of a Butler-Volmer relationship that relates the dissolution current density to the applied overpotential. The results show that small fluctuations (5-10%) in corrosion potential due to the changing crystal orientation ahead of the corrosion front result in variations in pit shape similar to experimental observations reported in the literature. C1 [Degiorgi, Virginia G.; Lewis, Alexis C.; Qidwai, Siddiq M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kota, Nithyanand] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Arlington, VA USA. RP Degiorgi, VG (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5585-0 PY 2014 AR V02AT02A001 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD6IN UT WOS:000362241500001 ER PT B AU Iliopoulos, A Michopoulos, JG Hermanson, JC AF Iliopoulos, Athanasios Michopoulos, John G. Hermanson, John C. GP ASME TI PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF THE DIRECT STRAIN IMAGING METHOD SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID DEFORMATION FUNCTION; DISPLACEMENT AB Direct Strain Imaging accomplishes frill field measurement of the strain tensor on the surface of a deforming body, by utilizing arbitrarily oriented engineering strain measurements originating from digital imaging. In this paper an evaluation of the method's performance with respect to its operating parameter space is presented along with a preliminary validation based on actual experiments on composite material specimens under tension. It has been shown that the method exhibits excellent accuracy characteristics and outperforms methods based on displacement differentiation. C1 [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hermanson, John C.] USDA Forest Serv, Wood Based Mat & Struct, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Iliopoulos, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5585-0 PY 2014 AR V02AT02A025 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD6IN UT WOS:000362241500025 ER PT B AU Iliopoulos, A Michopoulos, JG AF Iliopoulos, Athanasios Michopoulos, John G. GP ASME TI SURFACE DISCONTINUITY DETECTION VIA DIRECT STRAIN IMAGING SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID DISPLACEMENT AB Direct strain imaging is a recently developed full-field strain measurement method that accomplishes full field measurement of the strain tensor on the surface of a deforming body, by using arbitrarily oriented engineering strain measurements. This new approach doesn't make any assumption on the compatibility of the strain field and thus it allows for consistent representation of media that may be or may not be discontinuous. In this paper, we present a novel method for detecting whether a discontinuity exists on a deformed body by evaluating the validity of the compatibility conditions over the imaging field. This approach can also be used for quantifying the shape and length of the discontinuity or crack. Synthetic numerical experiments based on the exact solution of a slant crack under biaxial loading were conducted to establish the detectability performance and the associated uncertainty of detection. Very encouraging results were derived indicating that for realistic levels of noise the method was found to be able to detect discontinuities as small as 0.3 mm long with very high confidence. C1 [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Iliopoulos, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5585-0 PY 2014 AR V02AT02A024 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD6IN UT WOS:000362241500024 ER PT B AU Iliopoulos, A Michopoulos, JG DeGiorgi, V AF Iliopoulos, Athanasios Michopoulos, John G. DeGiorgi, Virginia GP ASME TI TOWARDS MULTIPHYSICS MODELING OF CHLORINE DILUTION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID DISINFECTION; WATER AB Electrodes of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection systems used to inhibit corrosion of ship hulls, are areas where Chlorine is produced. It has been observed that certain concentrations of such oxidants can lead to the reduction or even reversal of the accumulation of biological fouling on ship hulls. In this paper a multiphysics modeling and simulation framework of such a process is developed and applied for a typical electrolytic cell. The framework is based on a coupled chemical reaction - electric currents - convection - diffusion and electromigration model aiming at providing transient solutions of the Chlorine species concentration in the volume of the cell. Finite element analysis results are presented for the relevant partial differential equations of the spatio-temporal evolution of the involved species and current density for the geometry of the electrolytic cell. C1 [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Michopoulos, John G.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [DeGiorgi, Virginia] Naval Res Lab, Syst Design & Integrat Sect, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Iliopoulos, A (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5585-0 PY 2014 AR V02AT02A023 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD6IN UT WOS:000362241500023 ER PT B AU Michopoulos, JG Young, M Iliopoulos, A AF Michopoulos, John G. Young, Marcus Iliopoulos, Athanasios GP ASME TI MULTISCALE AND MULTIFIELD MULTIPHYSICS OF HIGH CURRENT PULSE STATIC CONTACT WITH ROUGH SURFACES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID INTERFACIAL TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; WEIERSTRASS-MANDELBROT FUNCTION; SLOW SLIDING REGIME; FRACTAL THEORY; RESISTANCE; SIMULATION; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB We are presenting a multi-field and multiscale theory leading to derivations of physical properties from surface topography and bulk material properties for the interface between two rough surfaces in contact activated by mechanical load and high current pulses. At the macro-scale our proposed model involves multi-field coupling of conduction and induction currents with heat conduction induced by Joule heating. The structural mechanics of the conducting materials are also considered. At the meso-scale and micro-scale the associated model contains an asperity based comprehensive model that leads to homogenized macro scale properties for the interface boundary. The mechanical pressure and the repulsion effect from electric current through the micro-contacts are accounted for as well. Numerical analysis results illustrate the dependence of the derived properties on the surface characteristics, external load and the electric current. Finally, the entire framework is applied to an actual conductor configuration of hollow cylinders under compression and a high current pulse to demonstrate the feasibility of the entire approach. C1 [Michopoulos, John G.; Young, Marcus] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5585-0 PY 2014 AR V02AT02A022 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD6IN UT WOS:000362241500022 ER PT B AU Steuben, J Michopoulos, J Iliopoulos, A Turner, C AF Steuben, John Michopoulos, John Iliopoulos, Athanasios Turner, Cameron GP ASME TI INVERSE CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS USING SURROGATE MODELS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 04-07, 2013 CL Portland, OR SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID VIRTUAL FIELDS METHOD; SIMPLEX-METHOD; IDENTIFICATION; SPLINES; APPROXIMATION; OPTIMIZATION; DISPLACEMENT; STIFFNESSES; REGRESSION AB In recent years, methods for the inverse characterization of mechanical properties of materials have seen significant growth, mainly because of the availability of enabling technologies like full-field measurement techniques, inexpensive high performance computing resources, and automated testing. Unfortunately, as the complexity of the material system increases even the most advanced methods for inverse characterization produce results in compute times that are not practical for real time applications. To overcome this limitation we present a method that uses Non-Uniform Rational B-spline (NURBs) based surrogate modeling to generate a very efficient representation of the material model and the associated objective function. In addition, we present a method for identifying the global minimum of this objective function that corresponds to the elastic properties that characterize the material. Validation of this methodology is achieved through synthetic numerical experiments that include both isotropic and orthotropic specimens defined both analytically and numerically. Statistical analyses on the effects of experimental noise supplement these results. We conclude with remarks regarding the use of this technique to recover the elastic properties from materials tested utilizing multiaxial robotic systems. C1 [Steuben, John; Turner, Cameron] Colorado Sch Mines, Coll Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Michopoulos, John] Naval Res Lab, Computat Multiphys Syst Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Iliopoulos, Athanasios] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Steuben, J (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Coll Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016; Turner, Cameron/N-7266-2014 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838; Turner, Cameron/0000-0001-9546-2328 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5585-0 PY 2014 AR V02AT02A007 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BD6IN UT WOS:000362241500007 ER PT B AU Hobson, GV Gannon, A Holmes, W McCormick, M Capece, V AF Hobson, Garth V. Gannon, Anthony Holmes, Wendell McCormick, Michael Capece, Vincent GP ASME TI EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF A TRANSONIC COMPRESSOR ROTOR OPERATING BEHIND AN INLET-GUIDE VANE WITH VARIABLE FLAP ANGLES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 2A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Dusseldorf, GERMANY SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID AXIAL COMPRESSOR AB The performance of a modem, forward-swept, transonic compressor rotor has been characterized operating behind an inlet-guide (IGV) vane section that has variable flaps. Testing was performed at both transonic and subsonic rotor tip speeds in an attempt to determine the off-design performance of the rotor at various flap angle settings of the IGV's. Measurements at moderate flap angles (+20 degrees and -10 degrees) have been determined up to 90% speed (27,000 rpm) of the drive turbine maximum capability. Extremely high flap angles, in excess of +55 degrees, were tested down into the low speed range. For this study the negative flap angles produced counterswirl and the positive flap angles produced swirl in the same direction as the rotation of the rotor. A rigorous definition of the mass-averaged efficiency is presented. Performance predictions were carried out using ANSYS-CFX on a single passage model consisting of both the IGV and the rotor. Reasonable comparisons with a medium mesh resolution were obatined when compared to experiment. C1 [Hobson, Garth V.; Gannon, Anthony; Holmes, Wendell; McCormick, Michael] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Capece, Vincent] Univ Kentucky, Paducah, KY USA. RP Hobson, GV (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RI Gannon, Anthony/E-9598-2017 OI Gannon, Anthony/0000-0002-4602-4396 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4560-8 PY 2014 AR V02AT37A056 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD5ZF UT WOS:000361921900056 ER PT B AU Volino, RJ AF Volino, Ralph J. GP ASME TI EFFECTS OF ENDWALL BOUNDARY LAYER THICKNESS AND BLADE TIP GEOMETRY ON FLOW THROUGH HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE PASSAGES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 2C LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Dusseldorf, GERMANY SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID SECONDARY FLOWS; AXIAL TURBINES; CLEARANCE; CASCADE; LEAKAGE; LOSSES; ROTOR AB Experiments were conducted in a linear high pressure turbine cascade with an adjustable tip gap at one endwall. The cascade included a wake generator with moving rods that simulated the effect of an upstream vane row. Cases were documented with no tip gap, a gap of 1.5% of axial chord, and a gap of 3.8% of chord. Cases with flat blade tips were considered with thick and thin endwall boundary layers. Cases with flat tips and squealer tips were documented with the thin endwall boundary layer. For all cases data were acquired both with and without upstream wakes. Documentation included total pressure loss fields in the endwall region and corresponding velocity fields acquired using particle image velocimetry (Ply). The PIV measurements showed the various vortices in the flow field and their response to unsteady wakes. The strength and position of the vortices were directly related to regions of high total pressure loss. Reducing the endwall boundary layer thickness tended to reduce losses, but also resulted in increased leakage flow, which increased losses, particularly in cases with a large tip gap. The squealer tip reduced losses compared to the flat tip cases. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Volino, RJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM volino@usna.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4562-2 PY 2014 AR V02CT38A058 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD5ZH UT WOS:000361923200058 ER PT B AU Volino, RJ Galvin, CD Brownell, CJ AF Volino, Ralph J. Galvin, Christopher D. Brownell, Cody J. GP ASME TI EFFECTS OF UNSTEADY WAKES ON FLOW THROUGH HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE PASSAGES WITH AND WITHOUT TIP GAPS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 2C LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Dusseldorf, GERMANY SP Int Gas Turbine Inst ID CLEARANCE; CASCADE; BLADES; STAGE; ROTOR AB Experiments were conducted in a linear high pressure turbine cascade with wakes generated by moving upstream rods. The cascade included an adjustable top endwall that could be raised and lowered above the airfoils to change the tip gap. Conditions were considered with no tip gap, and gaps of 1.5% and 3.8% of axial chord. For each of these, cases were documented both with and without upstream wakes. The pressure distributions on the airfoils were acquired at the midspan and near the tip for each case. The total pressure loss was measured in the endwall region. Velocity fields were acquired in two planes normal to the flow direction using particle image velocimetry (Ply). For the case with no tip gap, the passage vortex and other vortices were clearly visible in the velocity fields. For the cases with a tip gap, the tip leakage vortex was the dominant flow feature, and it became stronger as the gap size increased. The other vortices were still present, but were moved by the tip leakage vortex. For the cases with unsteady wakes, the PIV data were ensemble-averaged based on phase within the wake passing cycle, to show the motion and change in strength of the vortices in response to the wake passing. The regions of high total pressure loss can be explained in terms of the secondary velocity field. C1 [Volino, Ralph J.; Galvin, Christopher D.; Brownell, Cody J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Volino, RJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM volino@usna.edu NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4562-2 PY 2014 AR V02CT38A056 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD5ZH UT WOS:000361923200056 ER PT B AU Jenkins, PE Cerza, M Al Saaid, MM AF Jenkins, P. E. Cerza, M. Al Saaid, Mohammad M. GP ASME TI ANALYSIS OF USING THE M-CYCLE REGENERATIVE-HUMIDIFICATION PROCESS ON A GAS TURBINE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO: TURBINE TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 3A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition CY JUN 16-20, 2014 CL Dusseldorf, GERMANY SP Int Gas Turbine Inst AB This investigation focused on the analysis of using the Maisotsenko Cycle (M-Cycle) to improve the efficiency of a gas turbine engine. By combining the Maisotsenko Cycle (M-Cycle) with an open Brayton cycle, a new cycle, is known as the Maisotsenko Combustion Turbine Cycle (MCTC), was formed. The MCTC used an Indirect Evaporative Air Cooler as a saturator with a gas turbine engine. The saturator was applied on the side of the turbine exhaust (M-Cycle#2) in the analysis. The analysis included calculations and the development of an Engineering Equation Solver (EES) code to model the MCTC system performance. The resulting performance curves were graphed to show the effects of several parameters on the thermal efficiency and net power output of the gas turbine engine. The models were also compared with actual experimental test results from a gas turbine engine. Conclusions and discussions of results are also given. C1 [Jenkins, P. E.; Al Saaid, Mohammad M.] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80203 USA. [Cerza, M.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Jenkins, PE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80203 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4565-3 PY 2014 AR V03AT07A003 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BD6CR UT WOS:000362057900025 ER PT S AU Boglione, L Goodman, J AF Boglione, Luciano Goodman, Joel BA Pellerano, S BF Pellerano, S TI Analysis of tunable Marchand baluns SO 2014 IEEE RADIO FREQUENCY INTEGRATED CIRCUITS SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium CY JUN 01-03, 2014 CL Tampa, FL SP IEEE, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, IEEE Electron Devices Soc, IEEE Solid State Circuits Soc DE Millimeter wave integrated circuits; Passive circuits; Tunable circuits and devices; Linear circuits; Silicon germanium; Integrated circuit modeling AB The paper tackles the issue of designing tunable Marchand baluns and provides an insight on available approaches for integrating the structure in a semiconductor process. Limitation of the approach and possible solutions are also discussed. The analysis is applied to a Marchand balun fabricated in IBM 8HP SiGe process to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. A mix of measured and simulated data is used to support the analysis at Q band. State-of-the-art performance is achieved. C1 [Boglione, Luciano; Goodman, Joel] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Boglione, L (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1529-2517 BN 978-1-4799-3864-3 J9 IEEE RAD FREQ INTEGR PY 2014 BP 115 EP 118 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BD4YH UT WOS:000361191700024 ER PT J AU Gulum, TO Erdogan, AY Guner, KK Durak-Ata, L Yildirim, T Pace, PE AF Gulum, Taylan O. Erdogan, A. Yasin Guner, Kani K. Durak-Ata, Lutfiye Yildirim, Tulay Pace, Phillip E. BE Bikonis, A Nyka, K TI PWVD Resolution Considerations for LFMCW Signal Detection by WHT SO 2014 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROWAVES, RADAR, AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION (MIKON) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Microwaves, Radar, and Wireless Communication (MIKON) CY JUN 16-18, 2014 CL Gdansk, POLAND SP IEEE, AESS, EuMA, MTT S, Polska Akad Nauk, MTT ED AP CPMT SSC W Ukraine Chapter, IEEE AP AES MTT Polish Joint Chapter, GAAS, URSI, Gdansk Univ Technol, ELEKTRONIKA, TESPOL, APS DE Pseudo Wigner Ville Distribution; PWVD; LPI; FMCW; Wigner-Hough Transform; ESR; Electronic Support Receiver AB Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (LFMCW) is one of the most common waveforms used in low probability of intercept (LPI) radars. The Wigner-Hough transform (WHT) is a powerful technique for detection and parameter extraction of LFMCW waveforms that can be employed by Electronic Support Receivers. For a fast detection and a timely response to the adversary emitter, the selection of the pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution (PWVD) window length is critical. In this work we analyze the relation between PWVD window length, WHT span angle and span resolution. It is shown that faster correct detections can be achieved by decreasing the PWVD window length and consequently decreasing the WHT plane. A rapid detection and apiori estimation of target emitter signal chirp rate will allow enough time for a fine tuned post-processing which can be applied specifically to the a priori estimates. C1 [Gulum, Taylan O.; Erdogan, A. Yasin; Guner, Kani K.; Durak-Ata, Lutfiye; Yildirim, Tulay] Yildiz Tekn Univ, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. [Pace, Phillip E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gulum, TO (reprint author), Yildiz Tekn Univ, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. EM gulum.taylan@ieee.org; erdogan.yasin@ieee.org; kkguner@gmail.com; lutfiye@ieee.org; tulay@yildiz.edu.tr; pepace@nps.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-83-931525-2-0 PY 2014 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Physics; Telecommunications GA BD4QR UT WOS:000361018800124 ER PT S AU Ren, QG Bai, L Biswas, S Ferrese, F Dong, Q AF Ren, Qiangguo Bai, Li Biswas, Saroj Ferrese, Frank Dong, Qing GP IEEE TI A BDI Multi-agent Approach for Power Restoration SO 2014 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RESILIENT CONTROL SYSTEMS (ISRCS) SE International Symposium on Resilient Control Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Resilient Control Systems (ISRCS) CY AUG 19-21, 2014 CL Denver, CO SP Idaho Natl Lab, Temple Univ, Florida Inst Technol, Ohio State Univ, Univ Denver, Colorado State Univ, AF Res Inst, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Ind Elect Soc, Ctr Adv Energy Studies, Human Factors & Ergon Soc DE BDI Agents; Multi-agent System; Power Load Restoration; Power System Splitting; Load shedding ID RECONFIGURATION; ALGORITHM AB The objective of this paper is to design and develop a Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) agent-based approach for power system restoration. We describe a multiple bus electrical power system (multi-bus power system) as a market environment that consists of BDI bus agents representing two different characters, consumer and producer. These bus agents are able to balance the power system between power generation and load consumption while consumers explore the market and trade the power resource with producers. In addition, the power system will be naturally and efficiently split into power branches by the bus agents. When a fault occurs in the system, the bus agents can maximize the capacity of the served loads or minimize the loss of power loads (when load shedding may be the only option) in a timely manner. The proposed BDI multi-agent approach can be applied to any size or structure of the multi-bus power systems. It is shown from our simulation and results comparison that the proposed approach becomes more effective and efficient when the scale of the multi-bus power system expands. C1 [Ren, Qiangguo; Bai, Li; Biswas, Saroj] Temple Univ, Coll Engn, Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Ferrese, Frank; Dong, Qing] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Ren, QG (reprint author), Temple Univ, Coll Engn, Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM lbai@temple.edu; frank.ferrese@gmail.com NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2330-7994 BN 978-1-4799-4187-2 J9 INT SYMP RESIL CONTR PY 2014 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA BD4QF UT WOS:000361008200021 ER PT S AU Pape, L Agarwal, S Giammarco, K Dagli, C AF Pape, Louis Agarwal, Siddhartha Giammarco, Kristin Dagli, Cihan BE Madni, AM Boehm, B TI Fuzzy optimization of acknowledged system of systems meta-architectures for agent based modeling of development SO 2014 CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS ENGINEERING RESEARCH SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Systems Engineering Research CY MAR 20-22, 2014 CL Redondo Beach, CA DE systems of systems; agent based modeling; optimization; meta-architecture AB Acknowledged systems of systems (SoS) lie on a continuum between authoritarian central control and anarchy. The constituent systems are independent, with a life and purpose of their own. The systems require not only technical interfaces, but also social interactions, to create the SoS. A fuzzy optimization process may be used to select a desirable SoS configuration, but it may be unachievable due to the inability to persuade the systems to cooperate in the plan. Modeling the systems' internal decision processes could help understand how to design better SoS architectures. This research used generic, modular modeling processes to examine two proposed SoS architectures and the impact of degree of cooperation on the suitability of the achieved SoS. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pape, Louis; Agarwal, Siddhartha; Dagli, Cihan] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol Engn Management & Sys, St Louis, MO 65409 USA. [Giammarco, Kristin] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Grad Sch Engn & Applied Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Pape, L (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol Engn Management & Sys, 223 Engn Management,600 W 14th St Rolla, St Louis, MO 65409 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2014 VL 28 BP 404 EP 411 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2014.03.050 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD4JF UT WOS:000360837700048 ER PT S AU Giammarco, K AF Giammarco, Kristin BE Madni, AM Boehm, B TI A formal method for assessing architecture model and design maturity using domain-independent patterns SO 2014 CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS ENGINEERING RESEARCH SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Systems Engineering Research CY MAR 20-22, 2014 CL Redondo Beach, CA DE architecture; model; design; maturity; patterns; formal methods; Alloy; Lifecycle Modeling Language ID SYSTEMS AB Design patterns have been used as a formal or systematic means for extracting and patterning knowledge about good design choices, as well as capturing lessons learned associated with poor design choices (or so-called anti-patterns). Yet little attention is devoted specifically to pattern languages that are based on the fabric of architecture models - the conceptual data model - to capture reusable design knowledge and architecting best practices that can be applied in more than one domain at a high level of abstraction. This paper demonstrates a simple model-based method for identifying and patterning architecture design aspects that are domain-independent, and thus transferable and reusable in any system design with a comparable data model. The use of this method in formally documenting good and poor patterns in an abstract way is demonstrated by example. Discovered patterns such as those presented herein can be distributed, codified in a tool of choice, and sought out in actual architecture models of systems using automation. Since there may not be universal agreement on a common set of "good" and "poor" patterns, individual architects or organizations can use this method to state their particular practices as formal axioms, and structure them to assist in the assessment of model and design maturity against their own specific standards. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Giammarco, K (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kmgiamma@nps.edu NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2014 VL 28 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2014.03.068 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD4JF UT WOS:000360837700066 ER PT S AU Nagayama, S Sasao, T Butler, JT Thornton, MA Manikas, TW AF Nagayama, Shinobu Sasao, Tsutomu Butler, Jon T. Thornton, Mitchell A. Manikas, Theodore W. GP IEEE TI Analysis Methods of Multi-State Systems Partially Having Dependent Components Using Multiple-Valued Decision Diagrams SO 2014 IEEE 44TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIPLE-VALUED LOGIC (ISMVL 2014) SE International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 44th IEEE International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic (ISMVL) CY MAY 19-21, 2014 CL Bremen, GERMANY SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Bremen DE Multi-state systems with multi-state components; structure functions; system analysis based on decision diagrams; system analysis using conditional probabilities; EVMDDs AB In a large system, such as a water, gas, or electrical distribution system, degraded performance due to failures of components can be modeled as a set of discrete states interconnected by edges with weights that represent conditional probabilities. To establish such a model, we compute the conditional probabilities with multi-valued decision diagrams (MDDs). Since a typical decision diagram is large, the computation time is also large. In this paper, we propose an edge-valued MDD (EVMDD) based method to avoid unnecessary path traversals. The proposed method is a hybrid method of a path traversal method and a bottom-up method that visits each node only once. By effectively combining both methods, we achieve a speed-up of the analysis by about 2.3 times for large systems compared to an existing method. C1 [Nagayama, Shinobu] Hiroshima City Univ, Dept Comp & Network Engn, Hiroshima, Japan. [Sasao, Tsutomu] Meiji Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. [Butler, Jon T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Thornton, Mitchell A.; Manikas, Theodore W.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. RP Nagayama, S (reprint author), Hiroshima City Univ, Dept Comp & Network Engn, Hiroshima, Japan. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0195-623X J9 INT SYM MVL PY 2014 BP 190 EP 195 DI 10.1109/ISMVL.2014.41 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Logic SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BD4RL UT WOS:000361020700033 ER PT S AU Baggenstoss, PM AF Baggenstoss, Paul M. GP IEEE TI Optimal detection and classification of diverse short-duration signals SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLOUD ENGINEERING (IC2E) SE International Conference on Cloud Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E) CY MAR 11-14, 2014 CL Boston Univ, Boston, MA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, TCBIS, STC Cloud Comp, IEEE Cloud COmp, IBM Res HO Boston Univ ID CLASS-SPECIFIC FEATURES; THEOREM AB Recent theoretical advances in class-dependent feature extraction are reviewed. These advances, culminating in the multi-resolution HMM (MR-HMM) statistical model are proposed for the detection and classification of transient signals that are composed of diverse components with widely varying structure and resolution. C1 Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Baggenstoss, PM (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM p.m.baggenstoss@ieee.org NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2373-3845 BN 978-1-4799-3766-0 J9 INT CONF CLOUD ENG PY 2014 BP 534 EP 539 DI 10.1109/IC2E.2014.96 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD4QP UT WOS:000361018600073 ER PT J AU Frantz, JA Shaw, LB Myers, JD Ewing, KJ Sanghera, JS AF Frantz, J. A. Shaw, L. B. Myers, J. D. Ewing, K. J. Sanghera, J. S. GP IEEE TI Mid-IR Emission in Erbium-Doped Gallium Lanthanum Sulfide Glass Integrated Optic Waveguides SO 2014 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICAL MEETING SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Photonics-Society Summer Topical Meeting Series CY JUL 14-16, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE DE integrated optics; infrared materials; mid-infrared; rare-earth doped glass; waveguide ID SPUTTERED FILMS; FIBER AB We demonstrate mid-IR emission at a wavelength of 2.7 mu m in chalcogenide glass integrated optic waveguides. Slab and rib waveguides are fabricated in RF magnetron sputtered films of erbium-doped gallium lanthanum sulfide glass. Elevated substrate temperature during deposition is found to enhance fluorescence lifetime, resulting in 2.7 mu m emission from slab waveguides with a lifetime of 0.7 ms. C1 [Frantz, J. A.; Shaw, L. B.; Myers, J. D.; Ewing, K. J.; Sanghera, J. S.] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Mat & Devices Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Frantz, JA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Opt Mat & Devices Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jesse.frantz@nrl.navy.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2767-8 PY 2014 BP 49 EP 50 DI 10.1109/SUM.2014.36 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BD4QL UT WOS:000361018200026 ER PT J AU Bowers, JE Stanton, EJ Heck, MJ Spott, A Davenport, ML Liu, AY Bovington, JT Meyer, JR Canedy, CL Abell, J Merritt, CD Bewley, WW Kim, CS Vurgaftman, I AF Bowers, J. E. Stanton, E. J. Heck, M. J. Spott, A. Davenport, M. L. Liu, A. Y. Bovington, J. T. Meyer, J. R. Canedy, C. L. Abell, J. Merritt, C. D. Bewley, W. W. Kim, C. S. Vurgaftman, I. GP IEEE TI Technology for Multispectral Infrared Laser Integration on Silicon SO 2014 IEEE PHOTONICS SOCIETY SUMMER TOPICAL MEETING SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Photonics-Society Summer Topical Meeting Series CY JUL 14-16, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP IEEE Photon Soc, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE DE hybrid silicon laser; interband cascade laser; multispectral infrared; quantum dot laser; silicon photonics AB We propose an integrated silicon photonic multispectral infrared platform for combining laser power spanning the ultraviolet to the mid-wave infrared from hybrid silicon III-V lasers by spectral beam combining with a novel ultra-broadband combiner. C1 [Bowers, J. E.; Stanton, E. J.; Heck, M. J.; Spott, A.; Davenport, M. L.; Liu, A. Y.; Bovington, J. T.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Meyer, J. R.; Canedy, C. L.; Abell, J.; Merritt, C. D.; Bewley, W. W.; Kim, C. S.; Vurgaftman, I.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Bowers, JE (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM bowers@ece.ucsb.edu; jerry.meyer@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2767-8 PY 2014 BP 71 EP 72 DI 10.1109/SUM.2014.44 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BD4QL UT WOS:000361018200037 ER PT S AU Keller, J Thakur, D Dobrokhodov, V Jones, K Likhachev, M Gallier, J Kaminer, I Kumar, V AF Keller, James Thakur, Dinesh Dobrokhodov, Vladimir Jones, Kevin Likhachev, Maxim Gallier, Jean Kaminer, Isaac Kumar, Vijay GP IEEE TI Coordinated commencement of pre-planned routes for fixed-wing UAS starting from arbitrary locations - a near real-time solution SO 2014 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (ICUAS) SE International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS) CY MAY 27-30, 2014 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE CSS, ICUAS, Mediterranean Control Assoc, Univ Denver ID BOUNDED CURVATURE AB Coordinated time optimal path planning and trajectory management algorithms for air vehicles depend on precise simultaneous mission commencement by all agents. Ground-based and rotary-wing aerial vehicles can be staged at their mission initial conditions until a mission is commenced but fixed-wing aerial vehicles, which must maintain a minimum forward airspeed at all times, can only be positioned approximately. A computationally simple algorithm for these vehicles that determines simultaneous arrival paths from arbitrary starting points is presented. The algorithm is based on planar B-spline curves so that fully defined feasible trajectories can be quickly determined, compactly encoded, and precisely executed. C1 [Keller, James; Thakur, Dinesh; Gallier, Jean; Kumar, Vijay] Univ Penn, Grasp Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Likhachev, Maxim] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Inst Robot, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Dobrokhodov, Vladimir; Jones, Kevin; Kaminer, Isaac] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. RP Keller, J (reprint author), Univ Penn, Grasp Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2373-6720 BN 978-1-4799-2376-2 J9 INT CONF UNMAN AIRCR PY 2014 BP 552 EP 561 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BD4HQ UT WOS:000360801900065 ER PT J AU Kuznia, C Ahadian, J Pommer, D Hagan, R Bachta, P Wong, M Kusumoto, K Skendzic, S Tabbert, C Beranek, MW AF Kuznia, Charlie Ahadian, Joe Pommer, Dick Hagan, Rich Bachta, Paul Wong, Man Kusumoto, Kris Skendzic, Sandra Tabbert, Chuck Beranek, Mark W. GP IEEE TI Novel High-Resolution OTDR Technology for Multi-Gbps Transceivers SO 2014 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC) CY MAR 09-13, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA AB We present high-resolution optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) integration into fiber optic transceivers. Transceivers with built-in-test (BIT) OTDR can characterize the fiber plant and isolate faults to reduce network installation and maintenance costs. C1 [Kuznia, Charlie; Ahadian, Joe; Pommer, Dick; Hagan, Rich; Bachta, Paul; Wong, Man; Kusumoto, Kris; Skendzic, Sandra; Tabbert, Chuck] Ultra Commun Inc, Vista, CA 92081 USA. [Beranek, Mark W.] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Kuznia, C (reprint author), Ultra Commun Inc, 990 Pk Ctr Dr,Suite H, Vista, CA 92081 USA. EM ckuznia@ultracomm-inc.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-55752-993-0 PY 2014 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BD4RH UT WOS:000361020300499 ER PT S AU Kolsch, M Zaborowski, R AF Koelsch, Mathias Zaborowski, Robert BE Kisacanin, B Gelautz, M TI Vehicle Detection Onboard Small Unmanned Aircraft SO ADVANCES IN EMBEDDED COMPUTER VISION SE Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB This book chapter presents a system and experiments for on-aircraft detection of ground vehicles. The focus is on the steps for creating an embedded real-time system that met operator desires despite the limitations of the computer vision methods, the communication network, and the small flight platform. Detailed experimentation was essential for planning and coordinating the hardware and software components to achieve real-time performance and the most benefit to the operators. A fast object detection method was repeatedly trained and evaluated until it achieved the desired speed and accuracy. The fault-tolerant client-server architecture delivered the most relevant information even despite severe netword degradation. The demonstrated content-aware filtering of imagery elevated the human analyst's task from vehicle detection to detection verification, presumably a much less repetitive, fatiguing, and error-prone task. The system was successfully demonstrated as part of a Search And Rescue operation. C1 [Koelsch, Mathias; Zaborowski, Robert] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kolsch, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kolsch@nps.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 2191-6586 BN 978-3-319-09387-1; 978-3-319-09386-4 J9 ADV COMPUT VIS PATT PY 2014 BP 199 EP 215 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-09387-1_9 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-09387-1 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BD2DM UT WOS:000358672700010 ER PT B AU Cowart, J Prak, DL Hamilton, L AF Cowart, Jim Prak, Dianne Luning Hamilton, Len GP ASME TI THE EFFECTS OF FUEL INJECTION PRESSURE AND FUEL TYPE ON THE COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIESEL ENGINE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION, FALL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE, 2014, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference CY OCT 19-22, 2014 CL Columbus, IN SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div, Cummins Inc ID N-HEXADECANE AB In an effort to understand the effects of injection system pressure on alternative fuel performance, a single cylinder diesel engine was outfit with a modem common rail fuel injection system and piezoelectric injector. As future new fuels will likely be used in both older mechanical injected engines as well as newer high pressure common rail engines, the question as to the sensitivity of a new fuel type across a range of engines is of concern. In this study conventional diesel fuel (Navy NATO F76) was compared with the new Navy HRD (Hydro-processed Renewable Diesel) fuel from algal sources, as well as the high cetane reference fuel nC16 (n-hexadecane CN=100). It was seen that in general, IGD (Ignition Delay) was shortened for all fuels with increasing fuel injection pressure, and was shortened with higher CN fuels. The combustion duration for all fuels was also significantly reduced with increasing fuel injection pressure, however, longer durations were seen for higher CN fuels at the same fuel pressure due to less pre-mixing before the start of combustion. Companion modeling using the LLNL (Lawrence Livermore National Lab) heavy hydro-carbon and diesel PRF chemical kinetic mechanisms for BIRD and nC16 was applied to understand the relative importance of the physical and chemical delay periods of the IGD. It was seen that at low fuel injection pressures, the physical and chemical delay times are of comparable duration. However, as injection pressure increases the importance of the chemical delay times increases significantly (longer), especially with the lower CN fuel. C1 [Cowart, Jim; Prak, Dianne Luning; Hamilton, Len] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cowart, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4616-2 PY 2014 AR V001T02A002 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BD4AW UT WOS:000360415300012 ER PT S AU Burns, J Euske, KJ Malina, MA AF Burns, J. Euske, K. J. Malina, Mary A. BE Epstein, MJ Lee, JY TI DEBATING DIVERSITY IN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING RESEARCH SO ADVANCES IN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SE Advances in Management Accounting LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Management accounting research; research diversity; research paradigms ID EMPIRICAL-RESEARCH; PARADIGMS; JOURNALS; DIVIDE; FUTURE; SEARCH; VIEW AB Purpose - This paper chronicles the evolution of the academic debate regarding diversity in management accounting research and discusses its impact on the current state of management accounting research. Methodology/approach We review the stream of literature over the last 40-plus years that discusses diversity in management accounting. Findings - Anthony's 1972 paper in Sloan Management Review makes a call to academics to adjust the trajectory of management accounting research. Our review of the literature reveals that early responses in the 1980s and 1990s to Anthony's call primarily came from U.S. academics who suggest a broader theoretical approach and more work in the field. After 2000, non-U.S. authors and non-U.S. journals take up the call for diversity and shift the discussion to the more fundamental topic of validating and accepting various research paradigms. The U.S. academic environment fosters a narrow yet important view of management account research. To balance the U.S. view, non-U.S. academics have the liberty of using diverse theories, paradigms, and methods. Originality/value The results of the study indicate that the challenge to moving management accounting research forward is for diverse research approaches to be valued and published in top accounting journals that tend to be U.S. based. C1 [Burns, J.] Univ Exeter, Sch Business, Exeter, Devon, England. [Euske, K. J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA USA. [Malina, Mary A.] Univ Colorado, Accounting, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Burns, J (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Sch Business, Exeter, Devon, England. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY, W YORKSHIRE BD16 1WA, ENGLAND SN 1474-7871 BN 978-1-78441-165-7; 978-1-78441-166-4 J9 ADV MANAG ACCOUNT PY 2014 VL 24 BP 39 EP 59 DI 10.1108/S1474-787120140000024000 D2 10.1108/S1474-7871201424 PG 21 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA BD1LS UT WOS:000358140100003 ER PT B AU Cavallaro, PV Hart, CJ Sadegh, AM AF Cavallaro, Paul V. Hart, Christopher J. Sadegh, Ali M. GP ASME TI MECHANICS OF AIR-INFLATED DROP-STITCH FABRIC PANELS SUBJECT TO BENDING LOADS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME DE inflatable structures; drop-stitch fabrics; analytical mechanics; experimental methods; technical textiles ID PLAIN-WOVEN FABRICS; BEHAVIOR AB Rapid deployment and mobility of lightweight structures, namely inflatable structures, are of growing significance to the military and space communities. When deployment and rigidity are driven by pressure (for example, air or fluid) and materials such as textiles, elastomers and flexible composites are used, significant load carrying capacity per unit weight (or per-unit stowed volume) can be uniquely achieved. Specifically, the pressurized air directly provides the stiffiiess to support structural loads, thus eliminating the requirement for heavy metal stiffeners that are used in conventional rigid structures. However, the material and system behaviors are not sufficiently understood. Furthermore, predictive-performance analysis methods and test standards are not adequately established because the behaviors of inflatable fabric structures often involve coupled effects from inflation pressure such as fluid-structure interactions (FSI's), thermomechanical coupling and nonlinear constitutive responses of the materials. These effects can restrict the use of conventional design, analysis and test methods. This research explores the mechanics of air-inflated drop-stitch fabric panels subject to bending loads using analytical and experimental methods. Results of experimental four-point bend tests conducted at various inflation pressures are used to validate the analytical method. The predicted and experimental deflections, wrinkling onset moments, ultimate loads, pressure changes, etc. are compared and discussed. C1 [Cavallaro, Paul V.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Hart, Christopher J.] Navatek Ltd, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sadegh, Ali M.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. RP Cavallaro, PV (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5638-3 PY 2014 AR V009T10A055 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BD3WY UT WOS:000360260300055 ER PT B AU Segala, DB Cavallaro, PV AF Segala, David B. Cavallaro, Paul V. GP ASME TI ENERGY ABSORPTION MECHANISMS IN HARD EPOXY RESIN MATRIX COMPOSITE LAMINATES SUBJECTED TO DYNAMIC LOADING EVENTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME ID FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; DAMAGE; MODEL AB Three energy absorption mechanisms of severe dynamic loading events are numerically investigated using a finite element model of a cross-ply unidirectional (UD) composite laminate. In this study, the inelastic energy absorption mechanisms associated with damage at the interfacial and constituent levels were numerically characterized through three admissible failure modes: fiber breakage, matrix shearing, and fiber/matrix debonding(delamination) (i.e., cohesive failure). The UD composite was constructed of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers separately reinforced with a rigid (epoxy) matrix material. The energy absorption capacities of these damage mechanisms were contrasted for three different dynamic loading cases including blast, shock, and ballistic impact at three different energy levels. Energy loss due to cohesive failure was observed in all three loading cases and energy levels. Furthermore, energy loss due to matrix failure was observed at all energy levels for the blast case, but only for the highest energy level in the shock and ballistics. There was energy loss due to fiber failure in the blast and in the highest energy ballistics impact case. However, there wasn't any fiber damage in the shock case. C1 [Segala, David B.; Cavallaro, Paul V.] DIVNPT, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Segala, DB (reprint author), DIVNPT, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM david.segala@navy.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5638-3 PY 2014 AR UNSP V009T10A030 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BD3WY UT WOS:000360260300030 ER PT B AU Boteler, L Smith, A AF Boteler, Lauren Smith, Andrew GP ASME TI 3D THERMAL RESISTANCE NETWORK METHOD FOR THE DESIGN OF HIGHLY INTEGRATED PACKAGES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2013, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference (SHTC) CY JUL 14-19, 2013 CL Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div HO Univ Minnesota AB There is a continual market pull in the electronics industry for smaller products with more capabilities, creating a growing need for 3D stacked electronics. This work presents a generic, easy to use approach, to estimate the thermal performance in a generic NxMxP stack using 3D heterogeneous integrated packaging (3D HIP) approach as a baseline. 3D HIP is a microfabrication packaging technology that helps facilitate chip stacking. While this work is demonstrated utilizing the 3D HIP geometry, the technique is easily adapted to most packaging approaches, both 3D and planar. A low order model has been developed with a combination numerical-analytical approach and a 3D resistor network to estimate the chip temperatures. The resistor network solves quickly in MATLAB, enabling fast, iterative thermal analyses and design through the parametric studies of the chip dimensions, number of chips, chip layout, material types, cooling solutions, etc. The model has been validated against full 3D numerical models in COMSOL for a number of conditions including variation of chip dimensions, substrate thickness, number of chips, and material types. The temperature difference between the resistor network model and the COMSOL model was always within 5%. This method can be utilized to identify potential cooling approaches based on the power dissipation per chip and the packaging approach and also to determine the maximum temperatures of each chip. The code achieves significant time saving as compared to full FEA models while providing similar results. C1 [Boteler, Lauren] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Smith, Andrew] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Boteler, L (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5549-2 PY 2014 AR V003T10A009 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BD4AT UT WOS:000360415100032 ER PT B AU Huhman, BM Hathaway, A Ma, HB AF Huhman, B. M. Hathaway, A. Ma, H. B. GP ASME TI EVALUATION OF THE INTEGRATION OF OSCILLATING HEAT PIPES IN HIGH POWER DC-DC CONVERTERS FOR PULSED POWER APPLICATIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2013, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference (SHTC) CY JUL 14-19, 2013 CL Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div HO Univ Minnesota AB The Pulsed Power Physics Branch at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is developing a battery-powered, rep-rate charger for a 60-kJ capacitor bank. The goal is to charge a 4800 mu F capacitor to 5kV in five seconds for a fifty shot burst. A bank of LiFePO4 batteries is used with a full H-bridge converter and transformer to elevate the 500V battery voltage to a 5kV secondary voltage. The operation of the Integrated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) generates heat as a byproduct of the energy transfer from the batteries to the capacitor, which must be effectively removed. The traditional method of cooling the IGBTs involves a passive heat sink and forced air cooling, which can be quite large if the dissipated power load is high enough. This work investigates the replacement of the forced air cooling method with an oscillating heat pipe (OHP). The OHP investigated herein was made of aluminum with dimensions of 130.1 mm x 101.9 mm x 2.5 mm. The OHP channel dimension imbedded in the aluminum block is 1.0 mm by 1.0 mm. Utilizing high effective thermal conductivity, the integrated OHP has the potential to reduce the overall system volume and enable the design of a sealed converter package. Numerical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the OHP can significantly increase the effective thermal conductivity and enable a fast time response of the pulsed power DC-DC converter. Comparison with the numerical analysis show that the heat transfer resistance occurring in the cooling block is the primary resistance for the investigated IGBT OHP cooling. C1 [Huhman, B. M.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hathaway, A.; Ma, H. B.] Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Huhman, BM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5549-2 PY 2014 AR V003T10A016 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BD4AT UT WOS:000360415100039 ER PT B AU Kephart, J Jones, GF AF Kephart, Jacob Jones, G. F. GP ASME TI OPTIMIZING A FUNCTIONALLY GRADED METAL-MATRIX HEAT SINK THROUGH GROWTH OF A CONSTRUCTAL TREE OF CONVECTIVE FINS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2013, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference (SHTC) CY JUL 14-19, 2013 CL Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div HO Univ Minnesota ID VOLUME AB This work focuses on an analytical approach to understand optimal material utilization in metal matrix heat exchangers. An objective of this work is to develop a bridge between a fully defined and discrete structure to that of a functionally graded porous media. A porous media heat exchanger is a structure which uses porous material, such as a metal foam, to achieve large convective surface areas in a small volume while also using the media as a conductive path from the heat source or sink. Therefore, a functionally graded porous media heat exchanger has a porosity that is specified as a function of position. Constructal theory is used here to develop increasingly complex convective fin structures, optimized at each level of complexity, which have a resulting characteristic of 2-D functional grading. The approach described here is developed from first principles by using Fourier's law to develop analytical solutions and seeks to yield an optimized heat exchanger configuration that maximizes total heat transfer subject to a fixed amount conductive material, total volume, and flow condition. C1 [Kephart, Jacob] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. [Kephart, Jacob; Jones, G. F.] Villanova Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. US Govt, New York, NY USA. RP Kephart, J (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. EM jacob.kephart@navy.mil; gerard.jones@villanova.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5549-2 PY 2014 AR V003T10A001 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BD4AT UT WOS:000360415100024 ER PT B AU Smith, AN Jankowski, N Boteler, L Meyer, C AF Smith, Andrew N. Jankowski, Nicholas Boteler, Lauren Meyer, Christopher GP ASME TI INTERFACIAL RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT OF HIGH PERFORMANCE THERMAL INTERFACE MATERIALS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE - 2013, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference (SHTC) CY JUL 14-19, 2013 CL Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div HO Univ Minnesota ID CARBON NANOTUBE ARRAYS; NANOCOMPOSITES AB Advancements in thermal interface materials have reached the resolution limit of typical ASTM D5470 based testers, which is around +/-1x10(-6) m(2)K/W. As the interfacial resistance is reduced, the temperature difference at the interface decreases and ultimately becomes difficult to measure. Standard ASTM testers utilize precise temperature sensors and knowledge of the thermal conductivity of the heat meter bar to resolve the temperature difference at the interface. It is difficult to resolve interface resistances on the order of 1x10(-6) m(2)K/W, even when precision RTDs with a resolution of +/-0.001 degrees C are utilized, as the location uncertainty of the sensor can become important. Increasing the temperature difference across the interface is necessary for further improvement in the resolution. This work presents a miniature ASTM type tester that was developed to address the resolution limits of standard testers by reducing the heat meter bar thickness, using a chip resistor as the heater element, and using an IR camera to measure the temperature gradient along the meter bar. Reducing the length of the heat meter bars reduces the overall resistance, and increases the resistance of the interface relative to that of the meter bars. Because of the reduced size scale of the miniature tester, measurement of the temperature profile using the typical ASTM approach of embedding temperature probes along the length of the meter bar was not feasible but instead was achieved using a relatively inexpensive uncooled long wavelength infrared camera with a microscope attachment in order to focus down to 100 microns. Although the IR camera increases the uncertainty of the measured temperatures, this method is shown to measure a thermal interfacial resistance of 1.45x10(-6) m(2)K/W with an uncertainty of +/-1.1 x10(-7) m(2)K/W, where the sample interface was a 2 mil AuSn preform soldered interface. C1 [Smith, Andrew N.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Jankowski, Nicholas; Boteler, Lauren; Meyer, Christopher] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Smith, AN (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5549-2 PY 2014 AR V003T10A003 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BD4AT UT WOS:000360415100026 ER PT S AU Santiago, S Escobar, S Meadows, C Meseguer, J AF Santiago, Sonia Escobar, Santiago Meadows, Catherine Meseguer, Jose BE Mauw, S Jensen, CD TI A Formal Definition of Protocol Indistinguishability and Its Verification Using Maude-NPA SO SECURITY AND TRUST MANAGEMENT (STM 2014) SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Workshop on Security and Trust Management (STM) CY SEP 10-11, 2014 CL Wroclaw, POLAND AB Intuitively, two protocols P-1 and P-2 are indistinguishable if an attacker cannot tell the difference between interactions with P-1 and with P-2. In this paper we: (i) propose an intuitive notion of indistinguishability in Maude-NPA; (ii) formalize such a notion in terms of state unreachability conditions on their synchronous product; (iii) prove theorems showing how -assuming the protocol's algebraic theory has a finite variant (FV) decomposition- these conditions can be checked by the Maude-NPA tool; and (iv) illustrate our approach with concrete examples. This provides for the first time a framework for automatic analysis of indistinguishability modulo as wide a class of algebraic properties as FV, which includes many associative-commutative theories of interest to cryptographic protocol analysis. C1 [Santiago, Sonia; Escobar, Santiago] Univ Politecn Valencia, DSIC ELP, Valencia, Spain. [Meadows, Catherine] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Meseguer, Jose] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Santiago, S (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, DSIC ELP, Valencia, Spain. EM ssantiago@dsic.upv.es; sescobar@dsic.upv.es; meadows@itd.nrl.navy.mil; meseguer@illinois.edu RI Escobar, Santiago/C-9589-2012 OI Escobar, Santiago/0000-0002-3550-4781 NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-11851-2; 978-3-319-11850-5 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2014 VL 8743 BP 162 EP 177 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BD3UT UT WOS:000360206600011 ER PT S AU Geisler, T Jensen, RVS Olsen, JO Palsoditer, B Fini, J LuValle, M Friebele, EJ AF Geisler, T. Jensen, R. V. S. Olsen, J. O. Palsoditer, B. Fini, J. LuValle, M. Friebele, E. J. GP IEEE TI Radiation Performance of Low Bend-Loss Optical Fiber for Gyroscope Applications SO 2014 IEEE/ION POSITION, LOCATION AND NAVIGATION SYMPOSIUM - PLANS 2014 SE IEEE-ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) CY MAY 05-08, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AESS, ION DE Polarization maintaining fiber; Radiation sensitivity AB In this presentation we will describe the effect of radiation on a low bend loss, polarization maintaining (PM) fiber for an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG). Our experimental design for exploring radiation effects incorporated unusual steps up and down in temperature during irradiation in order to further elucidate the radiation darkening mechanism. While the experiments showed that the fiber was radiation hard, and the step had the desired effect of increasing the statistical precision of the model, it also showed the surprising result that in addition to accelerating the annealing of defects, increased temperature accelerates the formation of loss-causing defects during irradiation. C1 [Geisler, T.; Jensen, R. V. S.; Olsen, J. O.; Palsoditer, B.] OFS, Brondby, Denmark. [Fini, J.; LuValle, M.] OFS, OFS Labs, Somerset, NJ USA. [Friebele, E. J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Geisler, T (reprint author), OFS, Brondby, Denmark. EM tgeisler@ofsoptics.com; mjl@ofsoptics.com; friebele@nrl.navy.mil RI shao, chongyun/M-6620-2013 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-358X BN 978-1-4799-3320-4 J9 IEEE POSITION LOCAT PY 2014 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BD2XP UT WOS:000359380700001 ER PT S AU Sarma, A AF Sarma, Ashwin GP IEEE TI Mathematical modeling of INS error dynamics for integration/debiasing SO 2014 IEEE/ION POSITION, LOCATION AND NAVIGATION SYMPOSIUM - PLANS 2014 SE IEEE-ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) CY MAY 05-08, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AESS, ION AB The goal of this work is two-fold: (1) arrive at an elegant scheme to study the effect of device bias on the position solution of a general Inertial Navigation System (INS) system; and (2) develop a simple integration method to robustly debias and efficiently estimate true position using potentially biased INS outputs and all other available external measurements. A characteristic set of possible bias trajectories is generated via a novel backward-forward solution approach. These trajectories are continuous functions and are forced to reliably reflect the effects of nominal platform trajectory. They are ultimately utilized to determine the maximum time beyond which approximation of such time-varying bias trajectories with simple piecewise polynomial curves is unrealistic. The times are then used to arrive at an estimation technique that best uses potentially biased INS outputs along with other non-inertial navigation measurements, such as SLAM-based and map-matching-based estimates, to yield minimum mean-squared error unbiased estimates of the timevarying location of the platform as well as simultaneously debias the INS solution. Theoretical arguments and real-data results are provided to reveal the potential of the approach. An Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (UUV) with on-board sonars and an INS suite is the platform for this work. C1 [Sarma, Ashwin] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Sarma, Ashwin] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Sarma, A (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-358X BN 978-1-4799-3320-4 J9 IEEE POSITION LOCAT PY 2014 BP 136 EP 146 PG 11 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BD2XP UT WOS:000359380700019 ER PT S AU Sarma, A AF Sarma, Ashwin GP IEEE TI CML/SLAM studies and "Velocity-Over-Ground" SLAM SO 2014 IEEE/ION POSITION, LOCATION AND NAVIGATION SYMPOSIUM - PLANS 2014 SE IEEE-ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) CY MAY 05-08, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AESS, ION AB Simultaneous Localization and Map Building (SLAM), also known as Concurrent Mapping and Localization (CML), is a tracking technique with the following goals: 1) Construct maps of the locations of strong point scatterers in the sensors' field-of-view 2) Continually improve these maps as more sensor data arrives 3) Simultaneously achieve improved platform self-localization with respect to scatterer locations CML/SLAM's refinement of the platform location estimates is directly linked to its exploitation of the stationary nature of the scatterers of opportunity. However CML/SLAM is often computationally prohibitive as its architecture attempts to minimize the position error for each scatterer, i.e. "map-building." This requires all pairwise correlation information to be maintained and updated leading to very large memory and computation requirements. Nearly every Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (UUV) mission involves a transiting stage. Here "map-building" is unnecessary but can improve platform estimates. Can we capture relevant platform information without explicitly tracking strong point scatterers? We derive a CML/SLAM-inspired "velocity-based" estimator that provides virtually optimum performance in transit scenarios. The method is of the order of complexity of the single contact Kalman Filter. A reformulation of the CML/SLAM problem leads to new insights into performance and earlier results. In addition, this reformulation stresses the fundamentally relative nature of the available measurements and helped lead to the new "velocity-based" method. Theoretical arguments and real-data results are provided to reveal performance. A UUV with a forward-looking sonar along with an INS suite is the platform for this work. C1 [Sarma, Ashwin] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Sarma, Ashwin] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Sarma, A (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-358X BN 978-1-4799-3320-4 J9 IEEE POSITION LOCAT PY 2014 BP 926 EP 936 PG 11 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BD2XP UT WOS:000359380700105 ER PT S AU Hewgley, CW Cristi, R Yakimenko, OA AF Hewgley, Charles W. Cristi, Roberto Yakimenko, Oleg A. GP IEEE TI Visual Pose Estimation for Shipboard Landing of Autonomous Parafoils SO 2014 IEEE/ION POSITION, LOCATION AND NAVIGATION SYMPOSIUM - PLANS 2014 SE IEEE-ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS) CY MAY 05-08, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE AESS, ION DE vision; small UAV; robot AB This paper outlines an investigation into the use of a simple, focal-plane imaging sensor for guidance of an autonomous parafoil system for approach and landing on a moving platform such as a ship underway. The perspective-projective transformation between an object in a three-dimensional world and an image on a two-dimensional plane is analyzed and then formulated using a homogeneous coordinate system. The estimation problem is addressed; specifically, the challenge of dealing with the out-of-frame condition due to parafoil oscillation as it approaches the target. A dual-mode Kalman estimation-scheme is proposed that suspends measurement when the target is out-of-frame, and incorporates a two-view measurement when the target reenters the frame. C1 [Hewgley, Charles W.] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Cristi, Roberto; Yakimenko, Oleg A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Syst Engn, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA USA. RP Hewgley, CW (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM hewgley@usna.edu; rcristi@nps.edu; oayakime@nps.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-358X BN 978-1-4799-3320-4 J9 IEEE POSITION LOCAT PY 2014 BP 1301 EP 1308 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BD2XP UT WOS:000359380700152 ER PT B AU Baumer, TG Rapo, MA Wong, JM Powell, BJ Juhas, BD Chan, PC MacKiewicz, JF AF Baumer, Timothy G. Rapo, Mark A. Wong, Jessica M. Powell, Brian J. Juhas, Brett D. Chan, Philemon C. MacKiewicz, James F. GP ASME TI Blast Overpressure Measured on a Bare vs. Helmeted Rigid Headform SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 3A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME ID INJURY AB There is significant concern that blast overpressure can cause mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). An accurate understanding of the blast flow and overpressure event as well as it's interaction with the head and helmet system is a necessary first step in establishing loading conditions to the head. It also provides a means for model validation and other predictive capabilities. A custom-designed Blast Overpressure Bust (BOB) containing 22 surface pressure sensors was rigidly mounted in a live-fire blast event. The blast field tests were conducted in an open field using 4 lbs. of cylindrical C4 charges suspended 48 '' above the pad. The BOB was mounted to a torso surrogate and positioned 92 '' from the hanging charge. The BOB was oriented at blast impact angles of 0 (front-facing), 45, 90, and 180 degrees. The BOB was tested in both bare and helmeted configurations. Data recorded across a bare headform at each angle established a baseline for the pressure trace at each sensor location. Two helmeted cases were investigated: Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) with the sling suspension system and ACH with Team Wendy pads. Results showed peak pressures on exposed surfaces normal to the blast were similar to 200kPa with side-on pressures of similar to 400kPa. The addition of a helmet did not alter the peak normal pressures, but showed slight to moderate increases in pressure beneath the helmet based on the amount of cushioning present. The sling suspension, which leaves an open gap between the head and helmet, resulted in several recorded amplification points beneath the helmet with the peaks reaching similar to 800kPa. The Team Wendy pads trials, which effectively fill the gap between the head and helmet, showed amplifications with peaks of similar to 500kPa. An additional set of tests was conducted using an ingress barrier positioned between the head and helmet at the brim. Results showed pressures under the helmet that were lower than the bare headform trials. While it was shown that adding a helmet did in fact increase pressures relative to the bare headform case, these amplifications were still far less than the peak pressure exerted on the exposed surfaces of the headform. The data presented herein is the most robust data set to date for pressures exerted on a helmeted headform and is considered applicable to the first 3-5ms of an unconstrained system, during which time motion is minimal. C1 [Baumer, Timothy G.; Rapo, Mark A.; Wong, Jessica M.; Powell, Brian J.; Juhas, Brett D.; Chan, Philemon C.] L 3 Appl Technol Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [MacKiewicz, James F.] US Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Baumer, TG (reprint author), L 3 Appl Technol Inc, 10770 Wateridge Circle,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM Tim.Baumer@L-3com.com; Mark.Rapo@L-3com.com; Jessica.Wong@L-3com.com; Brian.Powell@L-3com.com; Brett.Juhas@L-3com.com; Philemon.Chan@L-3com.com; james.f.mackiewicz.civ@mail.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5621-5 PY 2014 AR V03AT03A008 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BD3HE UT WOS:000359682400008 ER PT B AU Eliason, T Francis, L Bredbenner, T Stemper, B Nicolella, D Shender, B Paskoff, G AF Eliason, Travis Francis, Loren Bredbenner, Todd Stemper, Brian Nicolella, Dan Shender, Barry Paskoff, Glenn GP ASME TI LATERAL IMPACT VALIDATION OF A PROBABILISTIC STATISTICAL SHAPE FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF THE HEAD AND NECK SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 3A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME ID NONRIGID REGISTRATION; INJURIES; SPINE; CONSTRUCTION; MOVEMENTS; AIRCRAFT; IMAGES AB Injury prediction and mitigation are common overarching goals of modern biomechanical research. This research is fundamental to preventing and mitigating injuries sustained by those exposed to dangerous conditions including but not limited to occupational hazards, warfighter risks, automotive accidents, etc. Unlike traditional mechanical system research, biological systems are difficult and costly to test resulting in a need for robust and accurate numerical simulations. Models of the cervical spine are complex, nonlinear systems that must accurately model dynamic loading, large deflections, elastic, and viscoelastic behavior. In addition to individual complexities, population variance in both material properties and shape must be taken into account for accurate injury prediction. As part of a hierarchical validation and verification (V&V) methodology, lateral impact cadaveric cervical spine experiments were compared to a high fidelity statistical shape finite element model (SSFEM) of the cervical spine and head. Specimens were mounted to a sled and accelerated using a pendulum impact with 1, 2, and 3 m/s impact velocities. The kinematics of the head and all individual cervical vertebrae were recorded with a Vicon motion capture system along with sled acceleration data. Sled accelerations were used as input boundary conditions for the probabilistic study using the SSFEM. Head and vertebrae rotations between the experimental and model responses were then compared. A latin hypercube probabilistic analysis was performed for each impact velocity to determine the probabilistic response of each rotation metric. When comparing these responses, both the average and variation must be taken into consideration. This is accomplished using a quantitative validation metric based on the area between the cumulative distribution functions (CDF) of experimental response and the computed probabilistic response. Our results showed a very good match between the model and experiment at the higher impact velocities and a slightly stiffer response at lower rates. These results are consistent with previous validation studies performed with this SSFEM. By expanding the validation data set with lateral impact loading, greater confidence in the model is obtained under different loading modes. This confidence allows the model to be used for probability of injury predictions as well as to identify important system variables in preventing injuries. High fidelity numeric modeling allows for rapid and cost effective assessment of hazardous loading conditions and safety equipment compared to experimental modeling. The knowledge gained from these modeling studies is fundamental and necessary for safe and effective design and injury mitigation. Copyright (C) 2013 by ASME C1 [Eliason, Travis; Francis, Loren; Bredbenner, Todd; Nicolella, Dan] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. [Stemper, Brian] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Shender, Barry] Naval Air Warfare Ctr Aircraft Div, Patuxnet River, MD USA. [Paskoff, Glenn] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxnet River, MD USA. RP Eliason, T (reprint author), SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. EM travis.eliason@swri.org; loren.francis@swri.org; todd.bredbenner@swri.org; bstemper@mcw.edu; daniel.nicolella@swri.org; barry.shender@navy.mil; glenn.paskoff@navy.mil NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5621-5 PY 2014 AR V03AT03A018 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BD3HE UT WOS:000359682400018 ER PT B AU Ford, M Matic, P Leung, A AF Ford, Matthew Matic, Peter Leung, Alan GP ASME TI EXPANDING HELMET DESIGN METHODOLOGIES THROUGH BRAIN FUNCTIONAL AREA REPRESENTATIVE THREAT MODELS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 3A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME AB In combat zones, warfighters may be exposed to multiple threat types that can result in impacts to the head. These head impacts can lead to traumatic brain injury (TBI) or other functional or cognitive impairments, depending on the impact location, duration, and severity. Personal protective equipment mitigates the damage to the head, and current equipment design efforts focus on high-level protective metrics such as local helmet deformations and penetrations, as well as global accelerations or rotations of the head. Advances in brain imaging and mapping have made it possible to couple brain regions with specific functions, which could lead to higher resolution injury models and a more integrated helmet design process. The Naval Research Laboratory has developed a design tool to relate cognitive and functional brain regions from the literature to representative threat models for a head-helmet system. In this study, the philosophy and methods behind this augmented design tool and some of its applications are discussed. Through surveying detailed brain mappings and Brodmann functional areas, spatial coordinates for a coarse and a fine brain model were identified, scaled, and positioned within a three-dimensional model of the head. Projectile threats to the brain from all directions were simulated to evaluate the vulnerability of specific brain regions for a given protective helmet geometry. Using this platform, a variety of design tools were developed to investigate the functional effects of making geometric changes to the helmet. C1 [Ford, Matthew] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Matic, Peter; Leung, Alan] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Ford, M (reprint author), Sci Applicat Int Corp, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5621-5 PY 2014 AR V03AT03A014 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BD3HE UT WOS:000359682400014 ER PT B AU Rapo, MA Baumer, T Chan, PC MacKiewicz, JF AF Rapo, Mark A. Baumer, Tim Chan, Philemon C. MacKiewicz, James F. GP ASME TI Reducing the Effects of Blast to the Head through Load Partitioning SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 3A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY AB Warfighters who survive encounters with improvised explosive devices (IEDs) may incur mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) due to blast overpressure effects. Since existing head injury criteria are mostly based on head kinematics, head acceleration is one key metric to be measured. A blast wave travels at supersonic speed with a very sharp peak overpressure rise followed by a rapid decay within a short duration. For the surface area that is covered by the helmet, the cushion/suspension subsystem is responsible for mitigating the blast effects on the head, while the exposed area of the head or face would receive a direct blast loading. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations of a blast on an upright warfighter show a significant reduction in peak force to the head when a helmet is worn. For a helmet with an attached eye-shield, the load to the head from a front blast can be reduced further. A field study was conducted to verify that the increased load partitioned away from face and to the helmet and cushioning system would result in decreased head acceleration. Blast field tests were conducted using 4 lbs. of cylindrical C4 charges at 92 '' standoff Head acceleration was measured using combinations of a free hanging mid-size standard ISO headform fitted with Team Wendy (TW) pads, an advanced combat helmet (ACH), and an eye-shield. Tests were performed with the blast hitting the front, side and back of the helmeted headform system. Headform accelerations ranging from 120-465g were recorded based on blast direction and the amount of head protection. To validate the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes' based CFD simulations, a custom-designed blast overpressure bust (BOB) containing 22 surface pressure sensors was mounted on top of the BTD to measure the pressure distribution over the head and face when exposed to a blast. The incident overpressure of the blast was 0.25MPa, with reflected pressures reaching 1.0MPa. C1 [Rapo, Mark A.; Baumer, Tim; Chan, Philemon C.] L 3 Appl Technol Inc, Simulat Engn & Testing, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [MacKiewicz, James F.] US Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Rapo, MA (reprint author), L 3 Appl Technol Inc, Simulat Engn & Testing, 10770 Wateridge Circle,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM Mark.Rapo@L-3com.com; Tim.Baumer@L-3conn.com; Philemon.Chan@L-3com.com; James.F.Mackiewicz.civ@mail.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5621-5 PY 2014 AR V03AT03A007 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BD3HE UT WOS:000359682400007 ER PT B AU Segala, DB Chelidze, D AF Segala, David B. Chelidze, David GP ASME TI ROBUST AND DYNAMICALLY CONSISTENT REDUCED ORDER MODELS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 4B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME ID PROPER ORTHOGONAL DECOMPOSITION; SYSTEMS; VIBRATION; IDENTIFICATION; DIMENSION AB The need for reduced order models (ROMs) has become considerable higher with the increasing technological advances that allows one to model complex dynamical systems. When using ROMs, the following two questions always arise: 1) "What is the lowest dimensional ROM?" and 2) "How well does the ROM capture the dynamics of the full scale system model?" This paper considers the newly developed concepts the authors refer to as subspace robustness the ROM is valid over a range of initial conditions, forcing functions, and system parameters and dynamical consistency the ROM embeds the nonlinear manifold which quanitatively answers each question. An eighteen degree-of-freedom pinned-pinned beam which is supported by two nonlinear springs is forced periodically and stochastically for building ROMs. Smooth and proper orthogonal decompositions (SOD and POD, respectively) based ROMs are dynamically consistent in four or greater dimensions. In the strictest sense POD-based ROMs are not considered coherent whereas, SOD-based ROMs are coherent in roughly five dimesions and greater. Is is shown that in the periodically forced case, the full scale dynamics are captured in a five-dimensional POD and SOD-based ROM. For the randomly forced case, POD and SOD-based ROMs need three dimensions but SOD captures the dynamics better in a lower-dimensional space. When the ROM is developed from a different set of initial conditions and forcing values, SOD outperforms POD in periodic forcing case and are equal in the random forcing case. C1 [Segala, David B.] DIVNPT, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Chelidze, David] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Mech Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Segala, DB (reprint author), DIVNPT, Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM david.segala@navy.mil; chelidze@egr.uri.edu NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5625-3 PY 2014 AR V04BT04A010 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BD3HH UT WOS:000359682700010 ER PT B AU Bryan, GT Platzer, MF Kwon, YW AF Bryan, G. T. Platzer, M. F. Kwon, Y. W. GP ASME TI EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL INVESTIGATION OF THE DRAG OF A TOWED HYDROPOWER TURBINE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 6B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME AB In a previous paper (IMECE2011-62311) Platzer et al proposed the use of sailing ships equipped with hydropower turbines to generate the electricity required for the production of hydrogen and oxygen by means of electrolysis which then is brought back to land for re-conversion into electric power. A crucial aspect of the practicality of this "energy ship" concept is the drag of the hydro-turbines. Since little information exists about the drag of towed hydropower generators in this paper the drag of a small hydropower turbine was investigated in a towing tank. Drag measurements are presented for a speed range between 0.6 and 1.8 m/s. Comparisons with available data and the predictions by a computational fluid dynamics analysis show good agreement. C1 [Bryan, G. T.; Platzer, M. F.; Kwon, Y. W.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bryan, GT (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5629-1 PY 2014 AR V06BT07A080 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BD3NT UT WOS:000359955500079 ER PT B AU Culham, P AF Culham, Phyllis BE Flower, HI TI WOMEN IN THE ROMAN REPUBLIC SO CAMBRIDGE COMPANION TO THE ROMAN REPUBLIC, 2ND EDITION SE Cambridge Companions to the Ancient World LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Culham, P (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-66942-0; 978-1-107-03224-8 J9 CAMB COMP ANCIENT PY 2014 BP 127 EP 148 PG 22 WC History SC History GA BC9XR UT WOS:000356955300009 ER PT B AU Qidwai, SM Kota, N Leung, AC Bagchi, A AF Qidwai, Siddiq M. Kota, Nithyanand Leung, Alan C. Bagchi, Amit GP ASME TI COMPARISON OF MECHANICAL VARIABLE IDENTIFIERS OF BRAIN INJURY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER BIOENGINEERING CONFERENCE - 2013, PT A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th American-Society-Mechanical-Engineering Summer Bioengineering Conference (SBC2013) CY JUN 26-29, 2013 CL Sunriver, OR SP Amer Soc Mech Engn, Bioengineer Div ID BIOMECHANICS; HEAD C1 [Qidwai, Siddiq M.; Leung, Alan C.; Bagchi, Amit] US Naval Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kota, Nithyanand] Sci Applicat Int Corp, MCET, Arlington, VA USA. RP Qidwai, SM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5560-7 PY 2014 AR V01AT10A001 PG 2 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BD2YH UT WOS:000359389200139 ER PT B AU Shah, AS Stemper, BD Yoganandan, N Shender, BS AF Shah, Alok S. Stemper, Brian D. Yoganandan, Narayan Shender, Barry S. GP ASME TI QUANTIFICATION OF SHOCKWAVE TRANSMISSION THROUGH THE CRANIUM USING AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER BIOENGINEERING CONFERENCE - 2013, PT A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th American-Society-Mechanical-Engineering Summer Bioengineering Conference (SBC2013) CY JUN 26-29, 2013 CL Sunriver, OR SP Amer Soc Mech Engn, Bioengineer Div ID INTRACRANIAL-PRESSURE; BRAIN; INJURY; WAVE C1 [Shah, Alok S.; Stemper, Brian D.; Yoganandan, Narayan] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. [Shah, Alok S.; Stemper, Brian D.; Yoganandan, Narayan] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. [Shender, Barry S.] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Div Aircraft, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Shah, AS (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurosurg, 5000 West Natl Ave,Res 151, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5560-7 PY 2014 AR V01AT10A004 PG 2 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BD2YH UT WOS:000359389200142 ER PT B AU Johnson, K Trim, MW Horstemeyer, MF Prabhu, R AF Johnson, Kyle Trim, M. W. Horstemeyer, Mark F. Prabhu, R. GP ASME TI EXAMINATION OF GEOMETRIC EFFECTS ON STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION AND APPLICATIONS IN FOOTBALL HELMET DESIGN SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER BIOENGINEERING CONFERENCE - 2013, PT B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th American-Society-Mechanical-Engineering Summer Bioengineering Conference (SBC2013) CY JUN 26-29, 2013 CL Sunriver, OR SP Amer Soc Mech Engn, Bioengineer Div C1 [Johnson, Kyle; Horstemeyer, Mark F.; Prabhu, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Adv Vehicular Syst, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Johnson, Kyle; Prabhu, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Bio Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Horstemeyer, Mark F.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Trim, M. W.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Johnson, K (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Adv Vehicular Syst, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5561-4 PY 2014 AR V01BT47A006 PG 2 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BD2YI UT WOS:000359389300148 ER PT B AU Michael, T Yang, JM Stern, F AF Michael, Thad Yang, Jianming Stern, Frederick GP ASME TI SHARP INTERFACE CAVITATION MODELING USING VOLUME-OF-FLUID AND LEVEL SET METHODS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER MEETING, 2013, VOL 2: FORA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting CY JUL 07-11, 2013 CL Incline Village, NV SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div ID SURFACE; FLOWS AB A sharp interface cavitation modeling methodology is presented. A simplified Rayleigh-Plesset equation is used to obtain the phase change rate from the local pressure. The phase change rate is expressed as mass flux jump conditions. The phase interface is tracked using a second-order volume-of-fluid method with a constructed level set function. The interface normal velocity jump is extended into the flow field using a fast marching method. A ghost fluid method is used to prevent difficulties computing high-order derivatives near the interface. Two separate intermediate velocity fields from the momentum equation are solved considering the velocity jump conditions. Some preliminary results will be demonstrated to show the promise of the present approach. C1 [Michael, Thad] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Yang, Jianming; Stern, Frederick] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Michael, T (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5558-4 PY 2014 AR V002T06A008 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Mechanics; Physics GA BD2PH UT WOS:000359031300008 ER PT B AU Cowart, J Raynes, M Hamilton, L Prak, DL Mehl, M Pitz, W AF Cowart, Jim Raynes, Michael Hamilton, Len Prak, Dianne Luning Mehl, Marco Pitz, William GP ASME TI AN EXPERIMENTAL AND MODELING STUDY INTO USING NORMAL AND ISO CETANE FUEL BLENDS AS A SURROGATE FOR A HYDRO-PROCESSED RENEWABLE DIESEL (HRD) FUEL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2: NUMERICAL SIMULATION; ENGINE DESIGN, LUBRICATION, AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division CY OCT 13-16, 2013 CL Dearborn, MI SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div ID THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; PHYSICOCHEMICAL AUTHENTICITY; ORGANIC LIQUIDS; KEROSENE; MIXTURE; PREDICTION; OXIDATION; TENSION; DENSITY; ALKANES AB A new Hydro-processed Renewable Diesel (HRD) fuel is comprised of both straight chain and branched alkane fuel components. In an effort to find a research surrogate for this fuel, single cylinder engine testing was performed with various blends of n-hexadecane (cetane) and isocetane in order to find a binary surrogate mixture with similar performance characteristics to that of the HRD. A blend of approximately two-thirds n-hexadecane with one-third isocetane showed the most similar behavior based on conventional combustion metrics. Companion combustion modeling was then pursued using a combined detailed chemical kinetic mechanism for both n-hexadecane and isocetane. These modeling results show both the importance of isocetane in lengthening ignition delay, as well as the overall importance of chemical ignition delay as the dominating effect in the overall ignition delay of these binary blend fuels. C1 [Cowart, Jim; Raynes, Michael; Hamilton, Len; Prak, Dianne Luning] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Mehl, Marco; Pitz, William] LLNL, Livermore, CA USA. RP Cowart, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5610-9 PY 2014 AR UNSP V002T02A001 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BD2PD UT WOS:000359026600001 ER PT B AU Hamilton, L Cowart, J Prak, DL AF Hamilton, Len Cowart, Jim Prak, Dianne Luning GP ASME TI PREDICTING THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL IGNITION DELAYS IN A MILITARY DIESEL ENGINE RUNNING N-HEXADECANE FUEL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE, 2013, VOL 2: NUMERICAL SIMULATION; ENGINE DESIGN, LUBRICATION, AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Fall Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division CY OCT 13-16, 2013 CL Dearborn, MI SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div AB There are currently numerous efforts to create renewable fuels that have similar properties to conventional diesel fuels. One major future challenge is evaluating how these new fuels will function in older legacy diesel engines. It is desired to have physically based modeling tools that will predict new fuel performance without extensive full scale engine testing. This study evaluates two modeling tools that are used together to predict ignition delay in a military diesel engine running n-hexadecane as a fuel across the engine's speed-load range. AVL-FIRE (R) is used to predict the physical delay of the fuel from the start of injection until the formation of a combustible mixture. Then a detailed LLNL chemical kinetic mechanism is used to predict the chemical ignition delay. This total model predicted ignition delay is then compared to the experimental engine data. The combined model predicted results show good agreement to that of the experimental data across the engine operating range with the chemical delay being a larger fraction of the total ignition delay. This study shows that predictive tools have the potential to evaluate new fuel combustion performance. C1 [Hamilton, Len; Cowart, Jim; Prak, Dianne Luning] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hamilton, L (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5610-9 PY 2014 AR V002T06A007 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mathematics, Applied SC Engineering; Mathematics GA BD2PD UT WOS:000359026600028 ER PT J AU Long, S Dorsey, WM Adams, A Huff, G AF Long, Stephen Dorsey, W. Mark Adams, Andre. A. Huff, Greg GP IEEE TI Metallization of a Polymer Substrate for Microfluidic-Cooled RF Laminates SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IC DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY (ICICDT) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on IC Design & Technology (ICICDT) CY MAY 28-30, 2014 CL Adv Micro Devices Austin Lone Star Campus, Austin, TX SP IEEE HO Adv Micro Devices Austin Lone Star Campus DE polymer; copper mesh; acrylic; PMMA ID PLASMA TREATMENT; ADHESION; PMMA AB A new method for metallization of a polymer substrate has been demonstrated. This method allows for RF devices, including integrated circuits, to be fabricated on substrates which may feature microfluidic channels for cooling. Conventional hot-embossing was used to integrate copper mesh into a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), forming a microwave laminate. The laminate was machined into a microstrip patch antenna with a resonant frequency of 2.916 GHz. C1 [Long, Stephen; Dorsey, W. Mark] US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Antenna Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Adams, Andre. A.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. [Huff, Greg] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Long, S (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Antenna Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM long@radar.nrl.navy.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2153-9 PY 2014 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BD2JG UT WOS:000358796500012 ER PT J AU Firpi, AH Mitchell, HJ Oxenrider, JR Tzeng, NH Ramachandran, VR Rodriguez, BM AF Firpi, Alexer H. Mitchell, Herbert J. Oxenrider, Jason R. Tzeng, Nigel H. Ramachandran, Vignesh R. Rodriguez, Benjamin M. GP IEEE TI Signature Modeling for LWIR Spectrometer SO 2014 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 01-08, 2014 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE ID EMISSIVITY; FIELD; MIDWAVE AB Hyperspectral longwave infrared (LWIR) is used for a variety of targets such as gases and solids with the advantage of day or night data collections. A longwave infrared system must have the ability to convert the radiance data it measures to emissivity prior to running a detection algorithm, commonly called a temperature-emissivity separation (TES) algorithm. Key parts of this TES algorithm are accounting for the reflected down-welling radiation from the atmosphere, upwelling background radiance removal, and most importantly determining the temperature of the material. Accounting for these environmental conditions allows for the data to be processed in emissivity to be used in the detection algorithm. The processed data also allows a baseline to determine where key features exist in the signatures collected. In this paper a new method is introduced to process field collected signatures gathered using the Design & Prototypes microFTIR Model 102. The issue addressed here is calculating the collected signature from radiance to emissivity using a new technique for estimating the surface temperature of the collected sample. The key component of the TES was created to ensure the collected spectra are processed in emissivity space at a quality that is suitable for the detection library on air and ground LWIR systems. C1 [Firpi, Alexer H.; Oxenrider, Jason R.; Tzeng, Nigel H.; Ramachandran, Vignesh R.; Rodriguez, Benjamin M.] Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Mitchell, Herbert J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Firpi, AH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM Alexer.Firpi@jhuapl.edu; herbert.mitchell@jieddo.mil; Jason.Oxenrider@jhuapl.edu; Nigel.Tzeng@jhuapl.edu; Vinny.Ramachandran@jhuapl.edu; Benjamin.Rodriguez@jhuapl.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1622-1 PY 2014 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC8RQ UT WOS:000356039103033 ER PT J AU Leary, J Stadter, P Ostdiek, P Binning, P Schlacter, M Durey, D Heiner, J Herrick, B Kendrick, S Schwab, D Southwood, D AF Leary, James Stadter, Patrick Ostdiek, Paul Binning, Patrick Schlacter, Michael Durey, Dave Heiner, Jae Herrick, Bruce Kendrick, Steve Schwab, Dan Southwood, Dana GP IEEE TI Collaborative Engineering in Competitive Environments: The PTSS Integrated Systems Engineering Team SO 2014 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 01-08, 2014 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB The Precision Tracking Space System (PTSS) was to be a multiple-spacecraft constellation to enable post-boost intercept of ballistic missiles and increase missile raid handling capacity of the Ballistic Missile Defense System. The PTSS requirements, operational concept, and system baseline development were conducted by a Laboratory team lead by The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab (APL) as mission integrator for the Missile Defense Agency (MDA). The PTSS development strategy envisioned a team of Laboratories [the Development Team (DT)] producing the first two spacecraft (Development Articles) and Industry subsequently producing the remaining spacecraft (Production Articles) to complete and maintain the required constellation. The transition between DT and industry was a risk identified at project outset. To help mitigate, a team of six industry representatives was formed to support the DT, focusing on manufacturing and production efficiency. This team was the PTSS Manufacturing and Production Readiness Integrated Systems Engineering Team (ISET). The ISET concept is derived from more than six decades of APL experience in transitioning prototype systems to operation. Prior to PTSS, this approach was most recently executed as a method to develop standards for Operationally Responsive Space satellites. The PTSS ISET was a technical working group providing support and analysis in system engineering, manufacturing, and technology issues. A core ISET tenet was a strong focus on technical products supporting overall system development, realized through detailed, joint effort to answer specific questions, assess and mitigate risks, and inform the DT and Government in acquisition, production, and operational matters. As such, the ISET operated without proprietary barriers, forgoing non-disclosure agreements and working in an open environment. The ISET included representatives from the Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation, Boeing Company, Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, Northrop Grumman Corporation Aerospace Systems, Orbital Sciences Corporation, and Raytheon Company Space and Airborne Systems, and an APL chairperson. This team was formed to develop products that would inform and educate the DT in facilitating the transition to industry. A challenge to this open approach of engaging industry early in the conceptual development of a system that the government planned to acquire was that the industry representatives may be in competition with each other for the Production Articles. To encourage data sharing and communication, a task plan was formulated emphasizing specific products of use to the DT. The tasks and products covered a wide range of topics to inform in areas of spacecraft (bus and payloads) design, interfaces, assembly, integration, and testing. Programmatic topics were also included to address acquisition process risks and financial factors related to the production of multiple spacecraft. 49 tasks were identified. Each task was led by a member of the ISET with contributions from the remaining members. Tasks were distributed throughout the team to ensure consistent knowledge capture from all involved organizations. The ISET worked together for over two years. As PTSS entered a phase of re-formulation and the ISET ramped down, all stakeholders were asked to reflect on lessons learned, capturing the positive and negative aspects for future efforts. C1 [Leary, James; Stadter, Patrick; Ostdiek, Paul] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Binning, Patrick] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Schlacter, Michael] Missile Def Agcy SS, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. [Durey, Dave] Lockheed Martin Space Syst Co, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA. [Heiner, Jae] Orbital Sci Corp, Gilbert, AZ 85233 USA. [Herrick, Bruce] Raytheon Co, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Kendrick, Steve] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Schwab, Dan] Boeing Co, Huntington Beach, CA 92647 USA. [Southwood, Dana] Northrop Grumman Corp, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. RP Leary, J (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM James.Leary@jhuapl.edu; Patrick.Stadter@jhuapl.edu; Paul.Ostdiek@jhuapl.edu; Patrick.Binning@nrl.navy.mil; Michael.Schlacter@mda.mil; Dave.Durey@lmco.com; Heiner.Jae@orbital.com; rbherrick@raytheon.com; skendric@ball.com; daniel.e.schwab@boeing.com; dana.southwood@ngc.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1622-1 PY 2014 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC8RQ UT WOS:000356039101006 ER PT J AU Ramachandran, VR Mitchell, HJ Jacobs, SK Tzeng, NH Firpi, AH Rodriguez, BM AF Ramachandran, Vignesh R. Mitchell, Herbert J. Jacobs, Samantha K. Tzeng, Nigel H. Firpi, Alexer H. Rodriguez, Benjamin M. GP IEEE TI Spectral Comparison Using k-Means Clustering SO 2014 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 01-08, 2014 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB There is a growing number of infrared (IR) spectral signature data in the scientific community gathered from a variety of sensors using a variety of collection techniques. As the quantity of collected data grows, automated solutions for searching and matching signatures need to be developed. When searching and matching signatures, reducing computational complexity and increasing matching accuracy are essential. We present a signature classification method via k-means clustering using a novel application of spectral angle mapping to efficiently determine spectral similarity. We evaluate the method against spectral data in the "SigDB" spectral analysis software application developed by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). The key component to this approach is the set of characteristic functions used to map signatures' similarity into a spatial representation. Existing methods used to autonomously identify and classify IR spectral data include spectral angle mapping and key feature detection. Spectral mapping is computationally slow due to the need for direct individual comparison, and key feature detection improves computation time but is limited by the specific features selected for comparison. The accuracy and computation time of the spectral cluster classification method is evaluated against spectral angle mapping and visual analyses on the ASTER NASA spectral library. The goal of this method is to improve both the accuracy and speed of classifying newly collected unlabeled spectra. We find that the proposed method of scoring signatures offers a speed increase of three orders of magnitude in comparing spectra at the expense of a high false positive rate, suitable for use as a first-pass filter. We further find that the k-means cluster-based classification is highly sensitive to the selection of initial cluster centroids, and offer alternative solutions to use with our scoring method. C1 [Ramachandran, Vignesh R.; Jacobs, Samantha K.; Tzeng, Nigel H.; Firpi, Alexer H.; Rodriguez, Benjamin M.] Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Mitchell, Herbert J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Ramachandran, VR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM Vinny.Ramachandran@jhuapl.edu; herbert.mitchell@jieddo.mil; Samantha.Jacobs@jhuapl.edu; Nigel.Tzeng@jhuapl.edu; Alexer.Firpi@jhuapl.edu; Benjamin.Rodriguez@jhuapl.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-1622-1 PY 2014 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC8RQ UT WOS:000356039103066 ER PT J AU Mitchell, JW Hassouneh, MA Winternitz, LM Valdez, JE Ray, PS Arzoumanian, Z Gendreau, KC AF Mitchell, Jason W. Hassouneh, Munther A. Winternitz, Luke M. Valdez, Jennifer E. Ray, Paul S. Arzoumanian, Zaven Gendreau, Keith C. GP Inst Navigat TI Station Explorer for X-ray Timing and Navigation Technology Architecture Overview SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 27TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS 2014) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite-Division of the Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS) CY SEP 08-12, 2014 CL Tampa, FL SP Inst Navigat, Satellite Div ID MILLISECOND PULSAR AB The Station Explorer for X-ray Timing and Navigation Technology (SEXTANT) is a technology demonstration enhancement to the Neutron-star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) mission. NICER is a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) astrophysics Explorer Mission of Opportunity, scheduled for launch in mid-2016, that will be hosted on the International Space Station (ISS) via the ExPRESS Logistics Carrier (ELC). By exploiting the regular pulsations emitted by the ultra dense remnants of dead stars, which rotate many hundreds of times per second, SEXTANT will, for the first-time, demonstrate real-time, on-board X-ray pulsar-based navigation-a significant milestone in the quest to establish a Global Positioning System (GPS)-like navigation capability available throughout our Solar System and beyond-and include the world's first completely functional system architecture for navigation using X-ray pulsars. In addition, NICER/SEXTANT will investigate the suitability of these millisecond X-ray pulsars (MSPs) as a Solar System-wide timing infrastructure to rival terrestrial atomic clocks on long timescales. This paper provides a brief overview of the SEXTANT demonstration and the design of the system architecture that consists of the NICER X-ray timing instrument, the SEXTANT [GRAPHICS] flight software and algorithms, supporting ground system, and the GSFC X-ray Navigation Laboratory Testbed (GXLT). C1 [Mitchell, Jason W.; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Winternitz, Luke M.; Valdez, Jennifer E.; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Gendreau, Keith C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ray, Paul S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mitchell, JW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2014 BP 3194 EP 3200 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA BC9DO UT WOS:000356331204029 ER PT B AU Osswald, S Etzold, BJM AF Osswald, Sebastian Etzold, Bastian J. M. BE Gogotsi, Y Presser, V TI Oxidation and Purification of Carbon Nanostructures SO CARBON NANOMATERIALS, 2ND EDITION SE Advanced Materials and Technologies Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CARBIDE-DERIVED CARBON; LAYER GRAPHITE OXIDATION; CATALYST PORE STRUCTURES; DEFECT-INDUCED OXIDATION; HIGH-YIELD PURIFICATION; ONION-LIKE CARBON; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; ACTIVATED CARBONS; NANO-ONIONS; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY C1 [Osswald, Sebastian] Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Etzold, Bastian J. M.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Chem React Engn, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. RP Osswald, S (reprint author), Grad Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 247 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-0242-0; 978-1-4398-9781-2 J9 ADV MAT TECH SER PY 2014 BP 355 EP 394 PG 40 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BC8CL UT WOS:000355545500014 ER PT J AU Bello, PF AF Bello, Paul F. GP IEEE TI Mechanizing Modal Psychology SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ETHICS IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Science, Technology and Engineering CY MAY 23-24, 2014 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE DE cognitive architecture; moral intuitions; counterfactual reasoning ID ETHICS; LOGIC AB Machines are becoming more capable of substantively interacting with human beings as part of simple dyads and within the confines of our complex social structures. Thought must be given to how their behavior might be regulated with respect to the norms and conventions by which we live. This is certainly true for the military domain [1], but is no less true for eldercare, health care, disaster relief and law enforcement; all areas where robotic systems are poised to make tremendous impact in the near future. But how should we inculcate sensitivity to normative considerations in the next generation of intelligent systems? I argue here for an approach to building moral machines grounded in cognitive architectural considerations, and specifically in the dynamics of how alternatives are represented and reasoned over. After examining some recent results in the empirical literature on human moral judgment, I suggest some desiderata for knowledge representation and reasoning tools that may offer the means to capture some of the foundations of human moral cognition. C1 Off Naval Res, Human & Bioengineered Syst, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Bello, PF (reprint author), Off Naval Res, Human & Bioengineered Syst, Code 341, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. EM paul.bello@navy.mil NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-4992-2 PY 2014 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Ethics; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Computer Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics; History & Philosophy of Science GA BC9DX UT WOS:000356362200053 ER PT S AU Kozak, DA Stievater, T Pruessner, M Nierenberg, K Rabinovich, W AF Kozak, Dmitry A. Stievater, Todd Pruessner, Marcel Nierenberg, Kerry Rabinovich, William BE Aguilar, ZP Hesketh, PJ Carter, MT Li, J Kreller, CR Hunter, G Sekhar, PK Nagahara, L Simonian, A Vanysek, P Wu, N Chin, B Mitra, S StefanVanStaden, R Khosla, A TI Porous Silicon MEMS Infrared Filters for Micromechanical Photothermal Spectroscopy SO CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SENSORS 11 -AND- MEMS-NEMS 11 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposia on Chemical Sensors 11 - Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Systems and Microfabricated and Nanofabricated Systems for MEMS/NEMS 11, held during the 226th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Sensor Div, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div AB We report on the progress towards an integrated system for optical spectroscopy of gases. The system is composed of two MEMS devices, a tunable optical filter and a photothermal spectrometer. Progress in the development of each component is discussed, with emphasis on the utilization of porous silicon to manufacture the components of the tunable filter. C1 [Kozak, Dmitry A.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. [Stievater, Todd; Pruessner, Marcel; Rabinovich, William] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Nierenberg, Kerry] Univ Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. RP Kozak, DA (reprint author), CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-537-1 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 1 BP 197 EP 203 DI 10.1149/06401.0197ecst PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Remote Sensing SC Electrochemistry; Remote Sensing GA BC9NZ UT WOS:000356682400025 ER PT S AU Hobart, KD Imhoff, EA Ray, B AF Hobart, K. D. Imhoff, E. A. Ray, B. BE Shenai, K Dudley, M Bakowski, M Ohtani, N TI Medium Voltage Hybrid Si IGBT/SiC JBS Diode Module Development SO GALLIUM NITRIDE AND SILICON CARBIDE POWER TECHNOLOGIES 4 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Symposium on Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) Power Technologies CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electron & Photon Div, Dielectr Sci & Technol Div, US Natl Sci Fdn, IEEE Power Elect Soc ID RECTIFIERS AB Medium voltage SiC Junction Barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes are considered as a replacement for conventional Si freewheeling PiN diodes in phase-leg applications. While lower voltage SiC Schottky diodes are commercially available, medium voltage SiC JBS diodes are also attractive due to their relative simplicity and thus potential for low cost. In this work, the performance of 4.5 kV SiC JBS diodes paired with Si IGBTs is reviewed and compared to legacy components. Hybrid Si/SiC module design and performance are reviewed and potential reliability issues are examined. C1 [Hobart, K. D.; Imhoff, E. A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ray, B.] Bloomsburg Univ Penn, Bloomsburg, PA 17815 USA. RP Hobart, KD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-544-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 7 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1149/06407.0003ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BC9PM UT WOS:000356771100001 ER PT S AU Mahadik, NA Tadjer, MJ Stahlbush, RE Imhoff, EA Feigelson, B AF Mahadik, N. A. Tadjer, M. J. Stahlbush, R. E. Imhoff, E. A. Feigelson, B. BE Shenai, K Dudley, M Bakowski, M Ohtani, N TI Multi-Cycle High Temperature Rapid Thermal Annealing for Dislocation Elimination in 4H-SiC Epitaxy SO GALLIUM NITRIDE AND SILICON CARBIDE POWER TECHNOLOGIES 4 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Symposium on Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) Power Technologies CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electron & Photon Div, Dielectr Sci & Technol Div, US Natl Sci Fdn, IEEE Power Elect Soc ID BASAL-PLANE DISLOCATIONS; ACTIVATION; DIODES; GAN AB High temperature annealing of carbon capped SiC epilayers was performed using multi-cycle rapid thermal annealing technique to eliminate basal plane dislocations (BPD) and preserve the surface morphology. Annealing was performed in temperature range of 1750 degrees C - 1875 degrees C at N-2 overpressure of 0.55MPa and 0.7MPa. BPDs in the epilayers were found to be eliminated for annealing at 1875 degrees C for 5 mins with 20 multiple heating cycles under 0.55MPa N-2 overpressure. Under high temperature annealing, the BPDs convert to threading edge dislocations, which glides in the epilayers as the BPD retracts towards the substrate. C1 [Mahadik, N. A.; Tadjer, M. J.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Imhoff, E. A.; Feigelson, B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-544-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 7 BP 35 EP 39 DI 10.1149/06407.0035ecst PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BC9PM UT WOS:000356771100005 ER PT S AU Anderson, TJ Hobart, KD Tadjer, MJ Koehler, AD Feygelson, TI Pate, BB Hite, JK Kub, FJ Eddy, CR AF Anderson, T. J. Hobart, K. D. Tadjer, M. J. Koehler, A. D. Feygelson, T. I. Pate, B. B. Hite, J. K. Kub, F. J. Eddy, C. R., Jr. BE Shenai, K Dudley, M Bakowski, M Ohtani, N TI Advances in Diamond Integration for Thermal Management in GaN Power HEMTs SO GALLIUM NITRIDE AND SILICON CARBIDE POWER TECHNOLOGIES 4 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Symposium on Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) Power Technologies CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electron & Photon Div, Dielectr Sci & Technol Div, US Natl Sci Fdn, IEEE Power Elect Soc AB GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) performance is limited by self-heating during high power operation. Topside nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) layers have been integrated on AlGaN/GaN (HEMTs) to improve thermal management, exhibiting a 20%. decrease in peak channel temperature compared to reference HEMTs in a scalable process. Processing improvements, such as eliminating the SiNx passivation interlayer and developing a sacrificial gate process are being actively pursued. Also, boron doped p+-NCD films were implemented as gate electrodes for the AlGaN/GaN HEMT for a thermally stable heat-spreading gate contact. C1 [Anderson, T. J.; Hobart, K. D.; Tadjer, M. J.; Koehler, A. D.; Feygelson, T. I.; Pate, B. B.; Hite, J. K.; Kub, F. J.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Pate, Bradford/B-4752-2010; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Pate, Bradford/0000-0002-3288-2947; Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-544-9 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 7 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1149/06407.0185ecst PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA BC9PM UT WOS:000356771100019 ER PT S AU Cheek, GT AF Cheek, G. T. BE Reichert, WM Ispas, A Bund, A DeLong, HC Haverhals, LM Mizuhata, M Trulove, PC Mantz, RA TI Electrochemical Investigations of Benzil in Nonaqueous Media SO MOLTEN SALTS AND IONIC LIQUIDS 19 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Int Symposium on Molten Salts and Ion Liquids as part of the Joint Meeting of the 226th Meeting of the Electrochem Soc, the XXIX Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Electroquinica / 7th Meeting of the Mexico Sect of the Electrochem Soc CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electrochem Soc Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Electrochem Soc Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc Electrodeposit Div ID IONIC LIQUIDS; REDUCTION; SOLVENTS; ACIDS AB Benzil has been found to undergo two successive reversible one-electron redox processes in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (BMPY TfO). This behavior is observed due to the very low proton donating ability of the BMPY cation. Upon addition of acetonitrile, however, the second redox process becomes irreversible. The benzil dianion is evidently undergoing protonation by acetonitrile, and the resulting voltammogram is very similar to that in acetonitrile itself. The benzil dianion also undergoes protonation in adiponitrile. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cheek, GT (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-541-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 4 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1149/06404.0145ecst PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BC9PF UT WOS:000356725500015 ER PT S AU Cheek, GT Roeper, DF Pearson, W O'Grady, WE AF Cheek, G. T. Roeper, D. F. Pearson, W. O'Grady, W. E. BE Reichert, WM Ispas, A Bund, A DeLong, HC Haverhals, LM Mizuhata, M Trulove, PC Mantz, RA TI Electrochemical Studies of Imidazolium Carboxylate Adducts in a Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid SO MOLTEN SALTS AND IONIC LIQUIDS 19 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Int Symposium on Molten Salts and Ion Liquids as part of the Joint Meeting of the 226th Meeting of the Electrochem Soc, the XXIX Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Electroquinica / 7th Meeting of the Mexico Sect of the Electrochem Soc CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electrochem Soc Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Electrochem Soc Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc Electrodeposit Div ID REDUCTION; ELECTRODES; CO2 AB The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide has been studied in the room-temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (BMPY TfO). CO2 reduction occurs at the negative solvent limit of BMPY TfO; however, addition of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI BF4) to the solution results in an increase of the reduction current for the EMI cation, which occurs at a more positive potential than does CO2 reduction. These results indicate that the reduction product of EMI cation, probably a carbene, can catalyze CO2 reduction in BMPY TfO. Electrochemical responses for imidazolium carboxylates are similar to those for CO2 / EMI BF4 mixtures, supporting the carbene / CO2 interaction. C1 [Cheek, G. T.; Pearson, W.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Roeper, D. F.; O'Grady, W. E.] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Cheek, GT (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-541-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 4 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1149/06404.0161ecst PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BC9PF UT WOS:000356725500017 ER PT S AU Brown, EK Dennis, K Haverhals, LM Sweely, KD De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Brown, Eva K. Dennis, Kathleen Haverhals, Luke M. Sweely, Kurt D. De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. BE Reichert, WM Ispas, A Bund, A DeLong, HC Haverhals, LM Mizuhata, M Trulove, PC Mantz, RA TI Laser Induced Natural Fiber Welding of Cellulosic Substrates SO MOLTEN SALTS AND IONIC LIQUIDS 19 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Int Symposium on Molten Salts and Ion Liquids as part of the Joint Meeting of the 226th Meeting of the Electrochem Soc, the XXIX Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Electroquinica / 7th Meeting of the Mexico Sect of the Electrochem Soc CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electrochem Soc Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Electrochem Soc Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc Electrodeposit Div ID IONIC LIQUIDS; PROCESS VARIABLES; DISSOLUTION; TEMPERATURE; SOLVENTS AB Laser assisted heating of an ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate (EMIAc), coated cotton paper substrate was used to effect natural fiber welding (NFW). By using a programmable commercial CO2 laser cutter with controllable parameters such as laser power and number of passes and tight control over IL solution composition and concentration (water content), spatially specific laser welding with a resolution of approximately 175 mu m was achieved. Treated cotton papers were investigated through tensile testing, attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), and confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM). C1 [Brown, Eva K.; Dennis, Kathleen; Sweely, Kurt D.; Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Haverhals, Luke M.] Bradley Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [De Long, Hugh C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Directorate Math Informat & Life Sci, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Brown, EK (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-541-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 4 BP 507 EP 514 DI 10.1149/06404.0507ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BC9PF UT WOS:000356725500054 ER PT S AU Brown, EK Durkin, DP Fox, ET Haverhals, LM Sweely, KD De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Brown, Eva K. Durkin, David P. Fox, Eric T. Haverhals, Luke M. Sweely, Kurt D. De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. BE Reichert, WM Ispas, A Bund, A DeLong, HC Haverhals, LM Mizuhata, M Trulove, PC Mantz, RA TI Natural Fiber Welded Composite Yarns SO MOLTEN SALTS AND IONIC LIQUIDS 19 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Int Symposium on Molten Salts and Ion Liquids as part of the Joint Meeting of the 226th Meeting of the Electrochem Soc, the XXIX Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Electroquinica / 7th Meeting of the Mexico Sect of the Electrochem Soc CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electrochem Soc Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Electrochem Soc Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc Electrodeposit Div ID MORI SILK FIBROIN; IONIC LIQUID; CELLULOSE DISSOLUTION; PROCESS VARIABLES; CHITIN FILMS; TEMPERATURE; REGENERATION; SOLVENTS; KERATIN; MODEL AB In this work, all-natural textile composites were prepared from commercially available linen yarns and chitin. An ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate, was used to dissolve chitin, a natural biopolymer found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans and insects. Chitin was incorporated into linen yarns via IL assisted natural fiber welding (NFW). These biocomposites have the advantage of maintaining the structural integrity of the underlying yarn while incorporating a functional biopolymer, chitin on the surface and within the structure. Composite materials were evaluated for chitin integration through tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM). C1 [Brown, Eva K.; Durkin, David P.; Fox, Eric T.; Sweely, Kurt D.; Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Haverhals, Luke M.] Bradley Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [De Long, Hugh C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Div Complex Mat & Devices, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Brown, EK (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-541-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 4 BP 515 EP 521 DI 10.1149/06404.0515ecst PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BC9PF UT WOS:000356725500055 ER PT S AU Sweely, KD Fox, ET Brown, EK Haverhals, LM De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Sweely, K. D. Fox, E. T. Brown, E. K. Haverhals, L. M. De Long, H. C. Trulove, P. C. BE Reichert, WM Ispas, A Bund, A DeLong, HC Haverhals, LM Mizuhata, M Trulove, PC Mantz, RA TI Inkjet Printing Ionic Liquids for the Formation of Surface Structures on Biopolymer Substrates SO MOLTEN SALTS AND IONIC LIQUIDS 19 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Int Symposium on Molten Salts and Ion Liquids as part of the Joint Meeting of the 226th Meeting of the Electrochem Soc, the XXIX Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Electroquinica / 7th Meeting of the Mexico Sect of the Electrochem Soc CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Electrochem Soc Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Electrochem Soc Energy Technol Div, Electrochem Soc Electrodeposit Div ID MORI SILK FIBROIN; DISSOLUTION; CELLULOSE; REGENERATION; TRANSPARENT; PERFORMANCE; CHLORIDE; SOLVENT; FILMS AB Data describing the effects of an inkjet-printed ionic liquid (IL) ink containing 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMI][OAc]), with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and carbon black (CB) additives are presented. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal fluorescent microscopy (CFM) are used to observe the efficacy of inkjet printing of IL inks for surface modification of cellulosic substrates. SEM micrographs of printed IL-MCC ink, with and without heat treatment, revealed the creation of individually-coated fibers or thin polymer films, respectively. Micrographs of printed IL-CB ink demonstrate the capabilities of IL-based inks to deposit and entrap micro-scale functional materials in the substrate matrix with good localization and resolution. CFM analysis of samples containing 5-DTAF-labelled MCC (0.5 wt.%) further demonstrates the regioselectivity and low mobility of inkjet-printed IL inks once printed onto substrates. Together, these data demonstrate the enormous capability of inkjet-printed IL inks for small-scale fabrication of devices and functional cellulose-based materials. C1 [Sweely, K. D.; Fox, E. T.; Brown, E. K.; Trulove, P. C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Haverhals, L. M.] Bradley Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [De Long, H. C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Sweely, KD (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-541-8 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 4 BP 575 EP 582 DI 10.1149/06404.0575ecst PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BC9PF UT WOS:000356725500061 ER PT S AU Gould, BD Garsany, Y Swider-Lyons, KE AF Gould, Benjamin D. Garsany, Yannick Swider-Lyons, Karen E. BE Gasteiger, HA Uchida, H Buchi, FN SwiderLyons, K Jones, D Ramani, V Schmidt, TJ Weber, A Fenton, JM Meas, Y Shinohara, K Edmundson, M Perry, KA Coutanceau, C Mitsushima, S Strasser, P Mantz, R Fuller, T Narayanan, SR TI Deactivation and Recovery of Pt/C with Commercial Glycol-Based Coolants in Rotating Disk Electrodes and Membrane Electrode Assemblies SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 14 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Ind Electrochemistry and Electrochem Engn Div, Battery Div, Corros Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Army Res Off, Off Naval Res, N E CHEMCAT Corp ID REDUCTION REACTION ACTIVITY; OXYGEN REDUCTION; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION; PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION; CORROSION-INHIBITORS; QUANTITATIVE DEMS; CARBON CORROSION AB The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can degrade when exposed to glycol-based coolants through leaks in seals or cracks in carbon bipolar plates. We study the poisoning of Pt/Carbon electrocatalysts by a glycol (1, 3 propanediol)-based coolant containing an ethoxylated nonylphenol surfactant, and azole- or polyol-based non-ionic corrosion inhibitors both by rotating disk electrode (RDE) voltammetry and in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in a fuel cell. There is good agreement between RDE and MEA experiments. The RDE results show that the azole corrosion inhibitor irreversibly deactivates the Pt/Vulcan carbon electrocatalyst, while exposure to all of the other coolant components is reversible. The MEA measurements also show a permanent 30% loss in mass activity after exposure to the azole-containing coolants, and provide the additional insight that repeated coolant exposure causes Pt surface area loss, and thereby permanent performance degradation. C1 [Gould, Benjamin D.; Swider-Lyons, Karen E.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Garsany, Yannick] EXCET INC, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Gould, BD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-539-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 3 BP 793 EP 804 DI 10.1149/06403.0793ecst PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BC9PA UT WOS:000356722200079 ER PT S AU Gould, BD Rodgers, JA Schuette, M Bethune, K Louis, S Rocheleau, R Swider-Lyons, K AF Gould, Benjamin D. Rodgers, Joseph A. Schuette, Michael Bethune, Keith Louis, Shaquille Rocheleau, Richard Swider-Lyons, Karen BE Gasteiger, HA Uchida, H Buchi, FN SwiderLyons, K Jones, D Ramani, V Schmidt, TJ Weber, A Fenton, JM Meas, Y Shinohara, K Edmundson, M Perry, KA Coutanceau, C Mitsushima, S Strasser, P Mantz, R Fuller, T Narayanan, SR TI Performance of 3D-printed fuel cells and stacks SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 14 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Ind Electrochemistry and Electrochem Engn Div, Battery Div, Corros Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Army Res Off, Off Naval Res, N E CHEMCAT Corp AB Additive manufacturing (AM) is being touted as a possible tool for rapid prototyping fuel cell bipolar plate (BPP) designs. We use the AM method of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) to make 21 cm 2 titanium-alloy BPPs with embedded flow channels. The surface of the BPPs is then polished to the appropriate roughness and coated with a conductive corrosion barrier. The coated BPPs are assembled with the appropriate seals, catalyst coated membranes and gas diffusion layers into a 40-cell stack and tested. The resulting 400 W fuel cell stack power is 20% less than expected because of inadequate flatness of several of the DMLS BPPs as determined by white light profilometry, leading to high contact resistance. While DMLS clearly shows the benefit of being able to make complex flow fields and hollow parts with no welds, more work is needed toward reducing the weight and increasing the flatness of BPPs made by AM. C1 [Gould, Benjamin D.; Rodgers, Joseph A.; Louis, Shaquille; Swider-Lyons, Karen] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schuette, Michael] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Bethune, Keith; Rocheleau, Richard] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Nat Energy Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Gould, BD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 16 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-539-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 3 BP 935 EP 944 DI 10.1149/06403.0935ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BC9PA UT WOS:000356722200092 ER PT S AU Swider-Lyons, KE Stroman, RO Gould, BD Rodgers, JA MacKrell, J Schuette, M Page, G AF Swider-Lyons, Karen E. Stroman, Richard O. Gould, Benjamin D. Rodgers, Joseph A. MacKrell, Joseph Schuette, Michael Page, Gregory BE Gasteiger, HA Uchida, H Buchi, FN SwiderLyons, K Jones, D Ramani, V Schmidt, TJ Weber, A Fenton, JM Meas, Y Shinohara, K Edmundson, M Perry, KA Coutanceau, C Mitsushima, S Strasser, P Mantz, R Fuller, T Narayanan, SR TI Hydrogen Fuel Cells for Small Unmanned Air Vehicles SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 14 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Ind Electrochemistry and Electrochem Engn Div, Battery Div, Corros Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Army Res Off, Off Naval Res, N E CHEMCAT Corp AB The Naval Research Laboratory has developed hydrogen fuel cell propulsion systems for unmanned air vehicles (UAVs). The high electrochemical conversion efficiency of fuel cells combined with the high specific energy of H-2 fuel makes them suited to extending the endurance of small UAVs. The major consideration for UAVs is sufficient system level specific power (W/kg) for take off and high specific energy (Wh/kg) for long endurance. The high specific power is gained from using high power fuel cells and keeping components lightweight. The high specific energy comes from high weight fraction H-2 fuel storage combined with a high efficiency fuel cell. The fuel cell air compressor and heat exchanger and the H-2 storage system are major weight contributors, thus making them lightweight is critical to the vehicle design. C1 [Swider-Lyons, Karen E.; Stroman, Richard O.; Gould, Benjamin D.; Rodgers, Joseph A.; MacKrell, Joseph] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Schuette, Michael] SOTERA Engn Solut Inc, Easton, MD 21601 USA. [Page, Gregory] ITT Excelis, Alexandria, VA 22303 USA. RP Swider-Lyons, KE (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Stroman, Richard/F-6868-2014 OI Stroman, Richard/0000-0003-4937-8365 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-539-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 3 BP 963 EP 972 DI 10.1149/06403.0963ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BC9PA UT WOS:000356722200095 ER PT S AU Stroman, RO Jackson, GS AF Stroman, Richard O. Jackson, Gregory S. BE Gasteiger, HA Uchida, H Buchi, FN SwiderLyons, K Jones, D Ramani, V Schmidt, TJ Weber, A Fenton, JM Meas, Y Shinohara, K Edmundson, M Perry, KA Coutanceau, C Mitsushima, S Strasser, P Mantz, R Fuller, T Narayanan, SR TI Understanding Direct Borohydride - Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cell Performance with a Calibrated Numerical Model SO POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS 14 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Symposium (PEFC) CY OCT 05-09, 2014 CL Cancun, MEXICO SP Ind Electrochemistry and Electrochem Engn Div, Battery Div, Corros Div, Energy Technol Div, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Army Res Off, Off Naval Res, N E CHEMCAT Corp ID DECOMPOSITION; OXIDATION; KINETICS; AU(111); H2O2; ACID AB A numerical model is developed for a hydrogen peroxide -direct borohydride fuel cell (H2O2-DBFC) to provide insight into cell processes which are obscured in experiments by the complexity of electrode reactions and transport in the reactant flow channels. In the model, transport is modeled using a 2D finite volume approach. Multi-step electrode reactions, including competing parasitic reactions, are represented by global rate expressions, with parameters calibrated to single-cell experiments. The results are calibrated to a H2O2-DBFC in which fuel (1-50 mM NaBH4/2 M NaOH) is oxidized at a Au anode and oxidizer (10-40 mM H2O2/1 M H2SO4) is reduced at a Pd: Ir cathode. This modeling approach provides critical insight into the rate-limiting processes at different operating conditions of a H2O2-DBFC. C1 [Stroman, Richard O.] US Navy, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Jackson, Gregory S.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Stroman, RO (reprint author), US Navy, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Jackson, Gregory/N-9919-2014; Stroman, Richard/F-6868-2014 OI Jackson, Gregory/0000-0002-8928-2459; Stroman, Richard/0000-0003-4937-8365 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-539-5 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 64 IS 3 BP 989 EP 998 DI 10.1149/06403.0989ecst PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science SC Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Polymer Science GA BC9PA UT WOS:000356722200098 ER PT S AU McGee, J Catipovic, J Swaszek, P AF McGee, James Catipovic, Josko Swaszek, Peter GP IEEE TI Applying Spatial Diversity to Mitigate Partial Band Interference in Undersea Networks SO 2014 WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYMPOSIUM (WTS) SE Wireless Telecommunications Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS) CY APR 09-11, 2014 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE Commun Soc, IEEE Commun & Informat Secur Tech Comm, Cal Poly Pomonas Coll Business Adm, Cal Poly Pomonas Coll Engn, Cal Poly Pomonas Comp Informat Syst Dept, Cal Poly Pomonas Elect & Comp Engn Dept, MESAQIN DE Diversity; OFDM; underwater acoustic communications ID UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATIONS; OFDM CHANNEL ESTIMATION; IMPULSE NOISE; UNKNOWN INTERFERENCE; SYSTEMS; CANCELLATION; EQUALIZATION; MULTICARRIER; RECEIVER AB Many acoustic channels suffer from interference which is neither narrowband nor impulsive. This relatively long duration partial band interference can be particularly detrimental to system performance. We survey recent work in interference mitigation and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) as background motivation to develop a spatial diversity receiver for use in underwater networks. The network consists of multiple distributed cabled hydrophones that receive data transmitted over a time-varying multipath channel in the presence of partial band interference produced by interfering active sonar signals as well as marine mammal vocalizations. In operational networks, many "dropped" messages are lost due to partial band interference which corrupts different portions of the received signal depending on the relative position of the interferers, information source and receivers due to the slow speed of propagation. C1 [McGee, James; Catipovic, Josko] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Swaszek, Peter] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Elect Comp & Biomed Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP McGee, J (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM james.a.mcgee@navy.mil; josko.catipovic@navy.mil; swaszek@ele.uri.edu NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1934-5070 BN 978-1-4799-1297-1 J9 WIREL TELECOMM SYMP PY 2014 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BC8WA UT WOS:000356138600033 ER PT B AU Jasper, S AF Jasper, Scott BE Sperling, J TI Cyberspace SO HANDBOOK OF GOVERNANCE AND SECURITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MULTILATERALISM C1 [Jasper, Scott] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Civil Mil Relat, Monterey, CA USA. [Jasper, Scott] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. RP Jasper, S (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Civil Mil Relat, Monterey, CA USA. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78195-317-4; 978-1-78195-316-7 PY 2014 BP 343 EP 359 D2 10.4337/9781781953174 PG 17 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA BC5GX UT WOS:000353272800019 ER PT S AU Landini, F Romoli, M Vives, S Baccani, C Escolle, C Pancrazzi, M Focardi, M Da Deppo, V Moses, JD Fineschi, S AF Landini, Federico Romoli, Marco Vives, Sebastien Baccani, Cristian Escolle, Clement Pancrazzi, Maurizio Focardi, Mauro Da Deppo, Vania Moses, John D. Fineschi, Silvano BE Navarro, R Cunningham, CR Barto, AA TI Coating and surface finishing definition for the Solar Orbiter/METIS inverted external occulter SO ADVANCES IN OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE Solar coronagraph; external occulter; stray light; coating; Titanium blackening; BRDF; Solar Orbiter; METIS AB The METIS coronagraph aboard the Solar Orbiter mission will undergo extreme environmental conditions (e.g., a thermal excursion of about 350 degrees throughout the various mission phases), due to the peculiar spacecraft trajectory that will reach a perihelion of 0.28 AUs. METIS is characterized by an innovative design for the occultation system that allows to halve the thermal load inside the instrument while guaranteeing the stray light reduction that is required for a solar coronagraph. The Inverted External Occulter (TEO) concept revolutionizes the classical scheme, by exchanging the usual positions of the entrance aperture (that is now the outermost element of the instrument facing the Sun) with the actual occulter (that is a spherical mirror inside the coronagraph boom). The chosen material for the TEO manufacturing is Titanium, as a trade off between light weight, strength and low thermal expansion coefficient. A 2 years long test campaign has been run to define the TEO geometry, and its results are addressed in previous dedicated papers. This work describes the results of a further campaign aimed at defining the TEO surface and edge finishing, the support flange geometry and the Titanium coating. Various edge finishing were installed on a prototype of the instrument occulting system and their performance in stray light reduction were compared. The support flange geometry was designed in order to reduce the overall weight, to control the thermal load and to accentuate its stray light suppression performance. The coating is a particularly delicate issue. A black coating is necessary in order to assess the stray light issues, typically critical for visible coronagraphs. Black coating of Titanium is not a standard process, thus several space qualified black coatings were experimented on Titanium and characterized. The impact of the TEO coatings was evaluated, the reflectivity and the BRDFs were measured and are addressed in the paper. C1 [Landini, Federico; Pancrazzi, Maurizio; Focardi, Mauro] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Florence, Italy. [Romoli, Marco; Baccani, Cristian] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Florence, Italy. [Vives, Sebastien; Escolle, Clement] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Da Deppo, Vania] CNR, Ist Foton & Nanotecnol, Padua, Italy. [Moses, John D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fineschi, Silvano] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Turin, Italy. RP Landini, F (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, Florence, Italy. EM flandini@arcetri.astro.it RI Romoli, Marco/H-6859-2012; Da Deppo, Vania/D-2897-2012; Focardi, Mauro/B-7880-2013; OI Da Deppo, Vania/0000-0001-6273-8738; Focardi, Mauro/0000-0002-3806-4283; Pancrazzi, Maurizio/0000-0002-3789-2482; Landini, Federico/0000-0001-8244-9749 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9619-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9151 AR 91515H DI 10.1117/12.2056331 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BC6WJ UT WOS:000354525500170 ER PT S AU Miller, CA Walls, TJ AF Miller, Corey A. Walls, Thomas J. BE Bebis, G Boyle, R Parvin, B Koracin, D McMahan, R Jerald, J Zhang, H Drucker, SM Kambhamettu, C ElChoubassi, M Deng, Z Carlson, M TI Passive 3D Scene Reconstruction via Hyperspectral Imagery SO ADVANCES IN VISUAL COMPUTING (ISVC 2014), PT 1 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Visual Computing (ISVC) CY DEC 08-10, 2014 CL Las Vegas, NV SP UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, LBNL, NASA Ames, BAE Syst, Intel, Ford, Hewlett Packard, Mitsubishi Elect Res Labs, Toyota, Gen Elect, Berkeley Lab AB We present the framework for a novel structure from motion (SFM) pipeline to generate 3D reconstructions of low-resolution hyperspectral imagery (HSI). Generating 3D models from a sequence of raw HSI datacubes, where each image pixel retains its spectral content of the scene, significantly expands the analysis currently possible with HSI. In addition to traditional HSI anomaly detection and spectral matching, a 3D spatial model of the scene allows for additional viewing from previously undefined viewpoints, digital elevation map generation, and enhanced object classification capabilities. State-of-the-art SFM techniques are utilized and enhanced by leveraging the spectral content recorded at each image pixel. We explore the potential of this HSI SFM pipeline using an experimental aerial data set collected using a stabilized, 160-band hyperspectral sensor on an aerial platform. C1 [Miller, Corey A.; Walls, Thomas J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Miller, CA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM corey.miller@nrl.navy.mil NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-14249-4; 978-3-319-14248-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2014 VL 8887 BP 413 EP 422 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BC6ZR UT WOS:000354694000039 ER PT S AU Araujo, DC Ade, PAR Bond, JR Bradford, KJ Chapman, D Che, G Day, PK Didier, J Doyle, S Eriksen, HK Flanigan, D Groppi, CE Hillbrand, SN Johnson, BR Jones, G Limon, M Miller, AD Mauskopf, P McCarrick, H Mroczkowski, T Reichborn-Kjennerud, B Smiley, B Sobrin, J Wehus, IK Zmuidzinas, J AF Araujo, D. C. Ade, P. A. R. Bond, J. R. Bradford, K. J. Chapman, D. Che, G. Day, P. K. Didier, J. Doyle, S. Eriksen, H. K. Flanigan, D. Groppi, C. E. Hillbrand, S. N. Johnson, B. R. Jones, G. Limon, M. Miller, A. D. Mauskopf, P. McCarrick, H. Mroczkowski, T. Reichborn-Kjennerud, B. Smiley, B. Sobrin, J. Wehus, I. K. Zmuidzinas, J. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI A LEKID-based CMB instrument design for large-scale observations in Greenland SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VII CY JUN 24-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE LEKIDs; lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors; cosmology; CMB; cosmic microwave background polarization; polarimetry; half-wave plate; superconducting magnetic bearing ID POWER SPECTRUM; POLARIZATION; GHZ; MILLIMETER; HORN AB We present the results of a feasibility study, which examined deployment of a ground-based millimeter-wave polarimeter, tailored for observing the cosmic microwave background (CMB), to Isi Station in Greenland. The instrument for this study is based on lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) and an F/2.4 catoptric, crossed-Dragone telescope with a 500 mm aperture. The telescope is mounted inside the receiver and cooled to < 4 K by a closed-cycle He-4 refrigerator to reduce background loading on the detectors. Linearly polarized signals from the sky are modulated with a metal-mesh half-wave plate that is rotated at the aperture stop of the telescope with a hollow-shaft motor based on a superconducting magnetic bearing. The modular detector array design includes at least 2300 LEKIDs, and it can be configured for spectral bands centered on 150 GHz or greater. Our study considered configurations for observing in spectral bands centered on 150, 210 and 267 GHz. The entire polarimeter is mounted on a commercial precision rotary air bearing, which allows fast azimuth scan speeds with negligible vibration and mechanical wear over time. A slip ring provides power to the instrument, enabling circular scans (360 degrees of continuous rotation). This mount, when combined with sky rotation and the latitude of the observation site, produces a hypotrochoid scan pattern, which yields excellent cross-linking and enables 34% of the sky to be observed using a range of constant elevation scans. This scan pattern and sky coverage combined with the beam size (15 arcmin at 150 GHz) makes the instrument sensitive to 5 < l < 1000 in the angular power spectra. C1 [Araujo, D. C.; Chapman, D.; Didier, J.; Flanigan, D.; Hillbrand, S. N.; Johnson, B. R.; Jones, G.; Limon, M.; Miller, A. D.; McCarrick, H.; Reichborn-Kjennerud, B.; Smiley, B.; Sobrin, J.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Doyle, S.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. [Bond, J. R.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Bradford, K. J.; Che, G.; Groppi, C. E.; Mauskopf, P.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Day, P. K.; Zmuidzinas, J.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Eriksen, H. K.; Wehus, I. K.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Hillbrand, S. N.] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Phys & Astron, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Mroczkowski, T.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Araujo, DC (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM derek@phys.columbia.edu OI Limon, Michele/0000-0002-5900-2698; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9621-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9153 AR 91530W DI 10.1117/12.2056828 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BC6QG UT WOS:000354387400023 ER PT S AU Dicker, SR Ade, PAR Aguirre, J Brevik, JA Cho, HM Datta, R Devlin, MJ Dober, B Egan, D Ford, J Ford, P Hilton, G Hubmayr, J Irwin, KD Masong, BS Marganian, P Mello, M McMahon, JJ Mroczkowski, T Romero, C Stanchfield, SM Tucker, C Vale, L White, S Whitehead, M Young, AH AF Dicker, S. R. Ade, P. A. R. Aguirre, J. Brevik, J. A. Cho, H. M. Datta, R. Devlin, M. J. Dober, B. Egan, D. Ford, J. Ford, P. Hilton, G. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K. D. Masong, B. S. Marganian, P. Mello, M. McMahon, J. J. Mroczkowski, T. Romero, C. Stanchfield, S. M. Tucker, C. Vale, L. White, S. Whitehead, M. Young, A. H. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI MUSTANG 2-a large focal plane array for the 100 meter Green Bank Telescope SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VII CY JUN 24-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE TES bolometer array; 90 GHz; Green Bank Telescope; frequency domain readout AB MUSTANG 2 is a 223 element focal plane that operates between 75 and 105 GHz on the 100 meter Green Bank Telescope. It shares many of the science goals of its predecessor, MUSTANG, but will have fifteen times the sensitivity and five times the field-of-view. Angular scales from 9 '' to 6' will be recovered with high fidelity providing a unique overlap between high resolution instruments such as ALMA and lower resolution single dish telescopes such as ACT or SPT. Individual TES bolometers are placed behind feedhorns spaced by 1.9 fA and are read out using a microwave SQUID multiplexing system. C1 [Dicker, S. R.; Aguirre, J.; Devlin, M. J.; Dober, B.; Stanchfield, S. M.; Young, A. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Cho, H. M.; Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Datta, R.; McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Egan, D.; Ford, J.; Ford, P.; Marganian, P.; Mello, M.; White, S.; Whitehead, M.] NRAO, Green Bank, WV 24944 USA. [Irwin, K. D.; Romero, C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Masong, B. S.] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Mroczkowski, T.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Romero, C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Dicker, SR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, 209 S 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9621-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9153 AR 91530J DI 10.1117/12.2056455 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BC6QG UT WOS:000354387400012 ER PT S AU Sayers, J Bockstiegel, C Brugger, S Czakon, NG Day, PK Downes, TP Duan, RP Gao, JS Gill, AK Glenn, J Golwala, SR Hollister, MI Lam, A Leduc, HG Maloney, PR Mazin, BA McHugh, SG Miller, DA Mroczkowski, AK Noroozian, O Nguyen, HT Schlaerth, JA Siegel, SR Vayonakis, A Wilson, PR Zmuidzinas, J AF Sayers, Jack Bockstiegel, Clint Brugger, Spencer Czakon, Nicole G. Day, Peter K. Downes, Thomas P. Duan, Ran P. Gao, Jiansong Gill, Amandeep K. Glenn, Jason Golwala, Sunil R. Hollister, Matt I. Lam, Albert LeDuc, Henry G. Maloney, Philip R. Mazin, Benjamin A. McHugh, Sean G. Miller, David A. Mroczkowski, Anthony K. Noroozian, Omid Nguyen, Hien T. Schlaerth, James A. Siegel, Seth R. Vayonakis, Anastasios Wilson, Philip R. Zmuidzinas, Jonas BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI The Status of MUSIC: The Multiwavelength Sub/millimeter Inductance Camera SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VII CY JUN 24-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE kinetic inductance detectors; millimeter-wave instrumentation; submillimeter instrumentation; low-temperature detectors ID GALAXY CLUSTERS; BOLOCAM; SAMPLE AB The Multiwavelength Sub/millimeter Inductance Camera (MUSIC) is a four-band photometric imaging camera operating from the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). MUSIC is designed to utilize 2304 microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs), with 576 MKIDs for each observing band centered on 150, 230, 290, and 350 GHz. MUSIC's field of view (FOV) is 14' square, and the point-spread functions (PSFs) in the four observing bands have 45 '', 31 '', 25 '', and 22 '' full-widths at half maximum (FWHM). The camera was installed in April 2012 with 25% of its nominal detector count in each band, and has subsequently completed three short sets of engineering observations and one longer duration set of early science observations. Recent results from on-sky characterization of the instrument during these observing runs are presented, including achieved map-based sensitivities from deep integrations, along with results from lab-based measurements made during the same period. In addition, recent upgrades to MUSIC, which are expected to significantly improve the sensitivity of the camera, are described. C1 [Sayers, Jack; Duan, Ran P.; Golwala, Sunil R.; Hollister, Matt I.; Lam, Albert; Miller, David A.; Schlaerth, James A.; Siegel, Seth R.; Vayonakis, Anastasios; Zmuidzinas, Jonas] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bockstiegel, Clint; Gao, Jiansong] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Brugger, Spencer; Gill, Amandeep K.; Glenn, Jason; Maloney, Philip R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Czakon, Nicole G.] Acad Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Day, Peter K.; LeDuc, Henry G.; Nguyen, Hien T.; Wilson, Philip R.; Zmuidzinas, Jonas] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Downes, Thomas P.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Mazin, Benjamin A.; McHugh, Sean G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Mroczkowski, Anthony K.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Noroozian, Omid] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Sayers, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM jack@caltech.edu.edu RI Mazin, Ben/B-8704-2011; OI Mazin, Ben/0000-0003-0526-1114; Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372 NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9621-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9153 AR 915304 DI 10.1117/12.2055444 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BC6QG UT WOS:000354387400003 ER PT S AU Jaggard, AD Wright, RN AF Jaggard, Aaron D. Wright, Rebecca N. BE Christianson, B Malcolm, J Matyas, V Svenda, P Stajano, F Anderson, J TI Strange Bedfellows: How and When to Work with Your Enemy SO SECURITY PROTOCOLS XXII SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Security Protocols Workshop CY MAR 19-21, 2014 CL Sidney Sussex Coll, Cambridge, ENGLAND HO Sidney Sussex Coll AB There are many examples of parties that are seemingly in opposition working together. In this position paper, we explore this in the context of security protocols with an emphasis on how these examples might produce long-term benefits for the "good guys" and how a formal model might be used to help prescribe approaches to collaboration with the "bad guys." C1 [Jaggard, Aaron D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Wright, Rebecca N.] Rutgers State Univ, DIMACS, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Wright, Rebecca N.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Piscataway, NJ USA. RP Wright, RN (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, DIMACS, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM aaron.jaggard@nrl.navy.mil; rebecca.wright@rutgers.edu OI Jaggard, Aaron D./0000-0003-0628-4553 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-12400-1; 978-3-319-12399-8 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2014 VL 8809 BP 263 EP 267 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-12400-1_25 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC7GP UT WOS:000354862400025 ER PT S AU Brown, CW Jenkins, M AF Brown, Christopher W. Jenkins, Michael BE Chen, L Mitchell, C TI Analyzing Proposals for Improving Authentication on the TLS/SSL-Protected Web SO SECURITY STANDARDISATION RESEARCH, SSR 2014 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Research in Security Standardisation CY DEC 16-17, 2014 CL Univ London, Royal Holloway, London, ENGLAND HO Univ London, Royal Holloway DE web security; authentication; TLS; HTTPS; certificates AB "Secure" web browsing with HTTPS uses TLS/SSL and X. 509 certificates to provide authenticated, confidential communication between web clients and webservers. The authentication component of the system has a variety of weaknesses, which have led to a variety of proposals for improving the current environment. In this paper we survey, analyze, compare and contrast three prominent proposals. To do this, we attempt to systematically capture the properties one might require of such a system: authentication properties, forensics/privacy properties, usability properties, and pragmatic properties. Enumerating these properties is an important part of understanding these proposals and the nature of the authentication problem for the secure web. Finally, we offer a few conclusions and suggestions pertaining to these proposals, and possible future directions of research. C1 [Brown, Christopher W.] US Naval Acad, Natl Secur Agcy, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Jenkins, Michael] Natl Secur Agcy, Ft George G Meade, MD USA. RP Brown, CW (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Natl Secur Agcy, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM wcbrown@usna.edu; mjjenki@tycho.ncsc.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-14054-4; 978-3-319-14053-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2014 VL 8893 BP 39 EP 56 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BC7DT UT WOS:000354782700003 ER PT S AU Gonzalez-Burgueno, A Santiago, S Escobar, S Meadows, C Meseguer, J AF Gonzalez-Burgueno, Antonio Santiago, Sonia Escobar, Santiago Meadows, Catherine Meseguer, Jose BE Chen, L Mitchell, C TI Analysis of the IBM CCA Security API Protocols in Maude-NPA SO SECURITY STANDARDISATION RESEARCH, SSR 2014 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Conference on Research in Security Standardisation CY DEC 16-17, 2014 CL Univ London, Royal Holloway, London, ENGLAND HO Univ London, Royal Holloway DE IBM 4758 Common Cryptographic Architecture; security Application Programming Interfaces (security APIs); symbolic cryptographic protocol analysis; automatic reasoning modulo XOR theory ID KEY MANAGEMENT; ANALYZER; XOR AB candidates for formal verification. It is important that such standards be correct, and cryptographic protocols are tricky to design and subject to non-intuitive attacks even when the underlying cryptosystems are secure. Thus a number of general-purpose cryptographic protocol analysis tools have been developed and applied to protocol standards. However, there is one class of standards, security application programming interfaces (security APIs), to which few of these tools have been applied. Instead, most work has concentrated on developing special-purpose tools and algorithms for specific classes of security APIs. However, there can be much advantage gained from having general-purpose tools that could be applied to a wide class of problems, including security APIs. One particular class of APIs that has proven difficult to analyze using general-purpose tools is that involving exclusive-or. In this paper we analyze the IBM 4758 Common Cryptographic Architecture (CCA) protocol using an advanced automated protocol verification tool with full exclusive-or capabilities, the Maude-NPA tool. This is the first time that API protocols have been satisfactorily specified and analyzed in the Maude-NPA, and the first time XOR-based APIs have been specified and analyzed using a general-purpose unbounded session cryptographic protocol verification tool that provides direct support for AC theories. We describe our results and indicate what further research needs to be done to make such protocol analysis generally effective. C1 [Gonzalez-Burgueno, Antonio; Santiago, Sonia; Escobar, Santiago] Univ Politecn Valencia, DSIC ELP, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Meadows, Catherine] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Meseguer, Jose] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. RP Gonzalez-Burgueno, A (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, DSIC ELP, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. EM agonzalez@dsic.upv.es; ssantiago@dsic.upv.es; sescobar@dsic.upv.es; meadows@itd.nrl.navy.mil; meseguer@illinois.edu RI Escobar, Santiago/C-9589-2012 OI Escobar, Santiago/0000-0002-3550-4781 NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-14054-4; 978-3-319-14053-7 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2014 VL 8893 BP 111 EP 130 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BC7DT UT WOS:000354782700008 ER PT S AU Feroci, M den Herder, JW Bozzo, E Barret, D Brandt, S Hernanz, M van der Klis, M Pohl, M Santangelo, A Stella, L Watts, A Wilms, J Zane, S Ahangarianabhari, M Albertus, C Alford, M Alpar, A Altamirano, D Alvarez, L Amati, L Amoros, C Andersson, N Antonelli, A Argan, A Artigue, R Artigues, B Atteia, JL Azzarello, P Bakala, P Baldazzi, G Balman, S Barbera, M van Baren, C Bhattacharyya, S Baykal, A Belloni, T Bernardini, F Bertuccio, G Bianchi, S Bianchini, A Binko, P Blay, P Bocchino, F Bodin, P Bombaci, I Bidaud, JMB Boutloukos, S Bradley, L Braga, J Brown, E Bucciantini, N Burderi, L Burgay, M Bursa, M Budtz-Jorgensen, C Cackett, E Cadoux, FR Cais, P Caliandro, GA Campana, R Campana, S Capitanio, F Casares, J Casella, P Castro-Tirado, AJ Cavazzuti, E Cerda-Duran, P Chakrabarty, D Chateau, F Chenevez, J Coker, J Cole, R Collura, A Cornelisse, R Courvoisier, T Cros, A Cumming, A Cusumano, G D'Ai, A D'Elia, V Del Monte, E De Luca, A De Martino, D Dercksen, JPC De Pasquale, M De Rosa, A Del Santo, M Di Cosimo, S Diebold, S Di Salvo, T Donnarumma, I Drago, A Durant, M Emmanoulopoulos, D Erkut, MH Esposito, P Evangelista, Y Fabian, A Falanga, M Favre, Y Feldman, C Ferrari, V Ferrigno, C Finger, M Finger, MH Fraser, GW Frericks, M Fuschino, F Gabler, M Galloway, DK Sanchez, JLG Garcia-Berro, E Gendrel, B Gezari, S Giles, AB Gilfanov, M Giommi, P Giovannini, G Giroletti, M Gogus, E Goldwurm, A Goluchova, K Gotz, D Gouiffes, C Grassi, M Groot, P Gschwender, M Gualtieri, L Guidorzi, C Guy, L Haas, D Haense, P Hailey, M Hansen, F Hartmann, DH Haswell, CA Hebeler, K Heger, A Hermsen, W Homan, J Hornstrup, A Hudec, R Huovelin, J Ingram, A in't Zand, JJM Israel, G Iwasawa, K Izzo, L Jacobs, HM Jetter, F Johannsen, T Jacobs, HM Jonker, P Jose, J Kaaret, P Kanbach, G Karas, V Karelin, D Kataria, D Keek, L Kennedy, T Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Kokkotas, K Korpela, S Kouveliotou, C Kreykenbohm, I Kuiper, LM Kuvvetli, I Labanti, C Lai, D Lamb, FK Laubert, PP Lebrun, F Lin, D Linder, D Lodato, G Longo, F Lund, N Maccarone, TJ Macera, D Maestre, S Mahmoodifar, S Maier, D Malcovati, P Mandel, I Mangano, V Manousakis, A Marisaldi, M Markowitz, A Martindale, A Matt, G McHardy, IM Melatos, A Mendez, M Mereghetti, S Michalska, M Migliari, S Mignani, R Miller, MC Miller, JM Mineo, T Miniutti, G Morsink, S Motch, C Motta, S Mouchet, M Mouret, G Mulacova, J Muleri, F Munoz-Darias, T Negueruela, I Neilsen, J Norton, AJ Nowak, M O'Brien, P Olsen, PEH Orientil, M Orio, M Orlandini, M Orleanski, P Osborne, JP Osten, R Ozel, F Pacciani, L Paolillo, M Papitto, A Paredes, JM Patruno, A Paul, B Perinati, E Pellizzoni, A Penacchioni, AV Perez, MA Petracek, V Pittori, C Pons, J Portell, J Possenti, A Poutanen, J Prakash, M Le Provost, P Psaltis, D Rambaud, D Ramon, P Ramsay, G Rapisarda, M Rachevski, A Rashevskaya, I Ray, PS Rea, N Reddy, S Reig, P Aranda, MR Remillard, R Reynolds, C Rezzolla, L Ribo, M de la Rie, R Riggio, A Rios, A Rodriguez-Gil, P Rodriguez, J Rohlfs, R Romano, P Rossi, EMR Rozanska, A Rousseau, A Ryde, F Sabau-Graziati, L Sala, G Salvaterra, R Sanna, A Sandberg, J Scaringi, S Schanne, S Schee, J Schmid, C Shore, S Schneider, R Schwenk, A Schwope, AD Seyler, JY Shearer, A Smith, A Smith, DM Smith, PJ Sochora, V Soffitta, P Soleri, P Spencer, A Stappers, B Steiner, AW Stergioulas, N Stratta, G Strohmayer, TE Stuchlik, Z Suchy, S Sulemainov, V Takahashi, T Tamburini, F Tauris, T Tenzer, C Tolos, L Tombesi, F Tomsick, J Torok, G Torrejon, JM Torres, DF Tramacere, A Trois, A Turolla, R Turriziani, S Uter, P Uttley, P Vacchi, A Varniere, P Vaughan, S Vercellone, S Vrba, V Walton, D Watanabe, S Wawrzaszek, R Webb, N Weinberg, N Wende, H Wheatley, P Wijers, R Wijnands, R Wie, M Wilson-Hodge, CA Winter, B Wood, K Zampa, G Zampa, N Zampieri, L Zdunik, L Zdziarski, A Zhang, B Zwart, F Ayre, M Boenke, T van Damme, CC Kuulkers, E Lumb, D AF Feroci, M. den Herder, J. W. Bozzo, E. Barret, D. Brandt, S. Hernanz, M. van der Klis, M. Pohl, M. Santangelo, A. Stella, L. Watts, A. Wilms, J. Zane, S. Ahangarianabhari, M. Albertus, C. Alford, M. Alpar, A. Altamirano, D. Alvarez, L. Amati, L. Amoros, C. Andersson, N. Antonelli, A. Argan, A. Artigue, R. Artigues, B. Atteia, J. -L. Azzarello, P. Bakala, P. Baldazzi, G. Balman, S. Barbera, M. van Baren, C. Bhattacharyya, S. Baykal, A. Belloni, T. Bernardini, F. Bertuccio, G. Bianchi, S. Bianchini, A. Binko, P. Blay, P. Bocchino, F. Bodin, P. Bombaci, I. Bidaud, J. -M. Bonnet Boutloukos, S. Bradley, L. Braga, J. Brown, E. Bucciantini, N. Burderi, L. Burgay, M. Bursa, M. Budtz-Jorgensen, C. Cackett, E. Cadoux, F. R. Cais, P. Caliandro, G. A. Campana, R. Campana, S. Capitanio, F. Casares, J. Casella, P. Castro-Tirado, A. J. Cavazzuti, E. Cerda-Duran, P. Chakrabarty, D. Chateau, F. Chenevez, J. Coker, J. Cole, R. Collura, A. Cornelisse, R. Courvoisier, T. Cros, A. Cumming, A. Cusumano, G. D'Ai, A. D'Elia, V. Del Monte, E. De Luca, A. De Martino, D. Dercksen, J. P. C. De Pasquale, M. De Rosa, A. Del Santo, M. Di Cosimo, S. Diebold, S. Di Salvo, T. Donnarumma, I. Drago, A. Durant, M. Emmanoulopoulos, D. Erkut, M. H. Esposito, P. Evangelista, Y. Fabian, A. Falanga, M. Favre, Y. Feldman, C. Ferrari, V. Ferrigno, C. Finger, M. Finger, M. H. Fraser, G. W. Frericks, M. Fuschino, F. Gabler, M. Galloway, D. K. Sanchez, J. L. Galvez Garcia-Berro, E. Gendrel, B. Gezari, S. Giles, A. B. Gilfanov, M. Giommi, P. Giovannini, G. Giroletti, M. Gogus, E. Goldwurm, A. Goluchova, K. Goetz, D. Gouiffes, C. Grassi, M. Groot, P. Gschwender, M. Gualtieri, L. Guidorzi, C. Guy, L. Haas, D. Haense, P. Hailey, M. Hansen, F. Hartmann, D. H. Haswell, C. A. Hebeler, K. Heger, A. Hermsen, W. Homan, J. Hornstrup, A. Hudec, R. Huovelin, J. Ingram, A. in't Zand, J. J. M. Israel, G. Iwasawa, K. Izzo, L. Jacobs, H. M. Jetter, F. Johannsen, T. Jacobs, H. M. Jonker, P. Jose, J. Kaaret, P. Kanbach, G. Karas, V. Karelin, D. Kataria, D. Keek, L. Kennedy, T. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Kokkotas, K. Korpela, S. Kouveliotou, C. Kreykenbohm, I. Kuiper, L. M. Kuvvetli, I. Labanti, C. Lai, D. Lamb, F. K. Laubert, P. P. Lebrun, F. Lin, D. Linder, D. Lodato, G. Longo, F. Lund, N. Maccarone, T. J. Macera, D. Maestre, S. Mahmoodifar, S. Maier, D. Malcovati, P. Mandel, I. Mangano, V. Manousakis, A. Marisaldi, M. Markowitz, A. Martindale, A. Matt, G. McHardy, I. M. Melatos, A. Mendez, M. Mereghetti, S. Michalska, M. Migliari, S. Mignani, R. Miller, M. C. Miller, J. M. Mineo, T. Miniutti, G. Morsink, S. Motch, C. Motta, S. Mouchet, M. Mouret, G. Mulacova, J. Muleri, F. Munoz-Darias, T. Negueruela, I. Neilsen, J. Norton, A. J. Nowak, M. O'Brien, P. Olsen, P. E. H. Orientil, M. Orio, M. Orlandini, M. Orleanski, P. Osborne, J. P. Osten, R. Ozel, F. Pacciani, L. Paolillo, M. Papitto, A. Paredes, J. M. Patruno, A. Paul, B. Perinati, E. Pellizzoni, A. Penacchioni, A. V. Perez, M. A. Petracek, V. Pittori, C. Pons, J. Portell, J. Possenti, A. Poutanen, J. Prakash, M. Le Provost, P. Psaltis, D. Rambaud, D. Ramon, P. Ramsay, G. Rapisarda, M. Rachevski, A. Rashevskaya, I. Ray, P. S. Rea, N. Reddy, S. Reig, P. Aranda, M. Reina Remillard, R. Reynolds, C. Rezzolla, L. Ribo, M. de la Rie, R. Riggio, A. Rios, A. Rodriguez-Gil, P. Rodriguez, J. Rohlfs, R. Romano, P. Rossi, E. M. R. Rozanska, A. Rousseau, A. Ryde, F. Sabau-Graziati, L. Sala, G. Salvaterra, R. Sanna, A. Sandberg, J. Scaringi, S. Schanne, S. Schee, J. Schmid, C. Shore, S. Schneider, R. Schwenk, A. Schwope, A. D. Seyler, J. -Y. Shearer, A. Smith, A. Smith, D. M. Smith, P. J. Sochora, V. Soffitta, P. Soleri, P. Spencer, A. Stappers, B. Steiner, A. W. Stergioulas, N. Stratta, G. Strohmayer, T. E. Stuchlik, Z. Suchy, S. Sulemainov, V. Takahashi, T. Tamburini, F. Tauris, T. Tenzer, C. Tolos, L. Tombesi, F. Tomsick, J. Torok, G. Torrejon, J. M. Torres, D. F. Tramacere, A. Trois, A. Turolla, R. Turriziani, S. Uter, P. Uttley, P. Vacchi, A. Varniere, P. Vaughan, S. Vercellone, S. Vrba, V. Walton, D. Watanabe, S. Wawrzaszek, R. Webb, N. Weinberg, N. Wende, H. Wheatley, P. Wijers, R. Wijnands, R. Wie, M. Wilson-Hodge, C. A. Winter, B. Wood, K. Zampa, G. Zampa, N. Zampieri, L. Zdunik, L. Zdziarski, A. Zhang, B. Zwart, F. Ayre, M. Boenke, T. van Damme, C. Corral Kuulkers, E. Lumb, D. BE Takahashi, T DenHerder, JWA Bautz, M TI The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2014: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 22-26, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE X-ray timing; X-ray spectroscopy; X-ray imaging; compact objects; X-ray detectors; microchannel plates ID PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAY; CALIBRATION; DETECTOR AB The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) was studied within ESA M3 Cosmic Vision framework and participated in the final downselection for a launch slot in 2022-2024. Thanks to the unprecedented combination of effective area and spectral resolution of its main instrument, LOFT will study the behaviour of matter under extreme conditions, such as the strong gravitational field in the innermost regions of accretion flows close to black holes and neutron stars, and the supranuclear densities in the interior of neutron stars. The science payload is based on a Large Area Detector (LAD, 10 m(2) effective area, 2-30 keV, 240 eV spectral resolution, 1 degrees collimated field of view) and a Wide Field Monitor (WFM, 2-50 keV, 4 steradian field of view, 1 arcmin source location accuracy, 300 eV spectral resolution). The WFM is equipped with an on-board system for bright events (e.g. GRB) localization. The trigger time and position of these events are broadcast to the ground within 30 s from discovery. In this paper we present the status of the mission at the end of its Phase A study. C1 [Feroci, M.; Argan, A.; Campana, R.; Capitanio, F.; Del Monte, E.; De Rosa, A.; Del Santo, M.; Di Cosimo, S.; Donnarumma, I.; Evangelista, Y.; Mulacova, J.; Pacciani, L.; Rapisarda, M.; Soffitta, P.; Trois, A.] IAPS INAF, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Feroci, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [den Herder, J. W.; van Baren, C.; Dercksen, J. P. C.; Frericks, M.; Haas, D.; Hermsen, W.; in't Zand, J. J. M.; Jacobs, H. M.; Jonker, P.; Kuiper, L. M.; Laubert, P. P.; de la Rie, R.; Zwart, F.] SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bozzo, E.; Azzarello, P.; Binko, P.; Courvoisier, T.; Ferrigno, C.; Guy, L.; Rohlfs, R.; Tramacere, A.] Univ Geneva, ISDC, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Alpar, A.; Gogus, E.] Sabanci Univ, TR-34956 Istanbul, Turkey. [van der Klis, M.; Watts, A.; Altamirano, D.; Ingram, A.; Wijers, R.; Wijnands, R.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hernanz, M.; Alvarez, L.; Artigues, B.; Caliandro, G. A.; Sanchez, J. L. Galvez; Garcia-Berro, E.; Karelin, D.; Papitto, A.; Portell, J.; Rea, N.; Sala, G.; Tolos, L.] IEEC CSIC UPC UB, Barcelona 08034, Spain. [Amati, L.; Fuschino, F.; Labanti, C.; Marisaldi, M.; Orlandini, M.] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Barret, D.; Amoros, C.; Artigues, B.; Atteia, J. -L.; Cros, A.; Lin, D.; Maestre, S.; Mouret, G.; Rambaud, D.; Ramon, P.; Webb, N.] IRAP, F-44346 Toulouse, France. [Andersson, N.] Univ Southampton, Fac Phys & Appl Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Antonelli, A.; Cavazzuti, E.; D'Elia, V.; Gendrel, B.; Giommi, P.; Pittori, C.; Stratta, G.] ASDC, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Balman, S.; Baykal, A.] Middle E Tech Univ, TR-06800 Cankaya, Turkey. [Barbera, M.; D'Ai, A.; Di Salvo, T.] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Chim & Fis, I-90123 Palermo, Italy. [Belloni, T.; Campana, S.; Motta, S.] INAF OA Brera, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy. [Ahangarianabhari, M.; Bertuccio, G.; Macera, D.] Politecn Milan, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Tamburini, F.; Turolla, R.] Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Bidaud, J. -M. Bonnet; Chateau, F.; Goetz, D.; Gouiffes, C.; Le Provost, P.; Rodriguez, J.; Schanne, S.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Santangelo, A.; Boutloukos, S.; Diebold, S.; Gschwender, M.; Jetter, F.; Klochkov, D.; Kokkotas, K.; Maier, D.; Perinati, E.; Suchy, S.; Sulemainov, V.; Tenzer, C.; Uter, P.; Wende, H.] Univ Tubingen, IAAT, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Braga, J.] INPE, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [Brandt, S.; Budtz-Jorgensen, C.; Chenevez, J.; Hansen, F.; Hornstrup, A.; Kuvvetli, I.; Lund, N.; Mulacova, J.; Olsen, P. E. H.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Iwasawa, K.; Migliari, S.; Paredes, J. M.; Ribo, M.] Univ Barcelona IEEC UB, DAM, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Iwasawa, K.; Migliari, S.; Paredes, J. M.; Ribo, M.] Univ Barcelona IEEC UB, ICC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Bucciantini, N.] Arcetri Observ, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Burderi, L.] Univ Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy. [Bursa, M.; Hudec, R.; Karas, V.; Sochora, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Astron Inst, CZ-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic. [Fabian, A.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Pohl, M.; Cadoux, F. R.; Favre, Y.] Univ Geneva, DPNC, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland. [Cais, P.] Lab Astrophys Bordeaux, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Stella, L.; Casella, P.; Israel, G.; Schneider, R.] INAF OA Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Chakrabarty, D.; Homan, J.; Neilsen, J.; Nowak, M.; Remillard, R.; Weinberg, N.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Zane, S.; Bradley, L.; Coker, J.; Cole, R.; De Pasquale, M.; Hailey, M.; Kataria, D.; Kennedy, T.; Linder, D.; Rousseau, A.; Smith, A.; Smith, P. J.; Spencer, A.; Walton, D.; Winter, B.] MSSL, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 0G4, Canada. [Cumming, A.; De Martino, D.] INAF OA Capodimonte, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Drago, A.; Guidorzi, C.] Univ Ferrara, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy. [Durant, M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. [Falanga, M.] ISSI Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Feldman, C.; Fraser, G. W.; Martindale, A.; Osborne, J. P.; Vaughan, S.] Univ Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Finger, M. H.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Galloway, D. K.; Heger, A.] Monash Univ, Sch Phys, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Galloway, D. K.; Heger, A.] Monash Univ, Sch Math Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Giles, A. B.] Univ Tasmania, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Gilfanov, M.] MPA Garching, D-85741 Garching, Germany. Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Groot, P.; Hartmann, D. H.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Haswell, C. A.; Norton, A. 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E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Takahashi, T.; Watanabe, S.] ISAS, Chuo Ku, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Negueruela, I.; Pons, J.; Torrejon, J. M.] Univ Alicante, St Vicent Raspeig 03690, Spain. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona 08010, Spain. [Vrba, V.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, CZ-18221 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Wheatley, P.] Univ Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Bocchino, F.; Orio, M.; Zampieri, L.] INAF OA Padova, Padua, Italy. [Zhang, B.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89012 USA. [Turriziani, S.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Giovannini, G.; Giroletti, M.; Orientil, M.] INAF IRA Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Baldazzi, G.] Univ Bologna, Dept Phys, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Baldazzi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sect Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Rodriguez-Gil, P.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Santa Cruz De Tenerife, Spain. [Goldwurm, A.; Lebrun, F.; Varniere, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, Observ Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite, APC,AstroParticule & Cosmol,UMR 7164 CNRS N2P3,CE, F-75205 Paris, France. [Barbera, M.; Collura, A.] Osservatorio Astronomico Palermo, INAF, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Emmanoulopoulos, D.; McHardy, I. M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Mignani, R.] Univ Zielona Gora, Kepler Inst Astron, PL-65265 Lubuska, Zielona Gora, Poland. [Markowitz, A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Orio, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bernardini, F.; Cackett, E.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Miniutti, G.] CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Reig, P.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, GR-71110 Iraklion, Greece. [Bodin, P.; Seyler, J. -Y.] CNES, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Burgay, M.; Pellizzoni, A.; Possenti, A.; Riggio, A.] INAF OA Cagliari, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy. [Castro-Tirado, A. J.] CSIC, IAAC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Bombaci, I.; Shore, S.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Johannsen, T.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Paolillo, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Mandel, I.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Tomsick, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Prakash, M.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Kanbach, G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85740 Garching, Germany. [Rezzolla, L.] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-14476 Golm, Germany. [Blay, P.; Cerda-Duran, P.; Gabler, M.] Univ Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain. [Jose, J.] Tech Univ Catalonia, Barcelona 08034, Spain. [Johannsen, T.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Tauris, T.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Scaringi, S.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Astron, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. [Maccarone, T. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Bhattacharyya, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Finger, M.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, CZ-18000 Prague, Czech Republic. [Sandberg, J.] Jorgen Sandberg Consulting, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Erkut, M. H.] Istanbul Kultur Univ, Fac Sci & Letters, TR-34156 Istanbul, Turkey. [Perez, M. A.] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias Trilingue, Fundamental Phys Dept, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. [Albertus, C.] Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Rios, A.] Univ Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Alford, M.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Munoz-Darias, T.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Patruno, A.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Ayre, M.; Boenke, T.; van Damme, C. Corral; Lumb, D.] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Kuulkers, E.] European Space Astron Ctr, SRE O, Madrid, Spain. [Mangano, V.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Feroci, M (reprint author), IAPS INAF, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM marco.feroci@inaf.it RI Baldazzi, Giuseppe/B-4112-2011; PONS, JOSE/D-4687-2012; Hernanz, Margarita/K-1770-2014; Amati, Lorenzo/N-5586-2015; Orlandini, Mauro/H-3114-2014; Goluchova, Katerina/C-6422-2016; Pittori, Carlotta/C-7710-2016; M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Tolos, Laura/F-2515-2016; Torrejon, Jose /K-6395-2014; Poutanen, Juri/H-6651-2016; Paolillo, Maurizio/J-1733-2012; Stratta, Maria Giuliana/L-3045-2016; Groot, Paul/K-4391-2016; Riggio, Alessandro/D-3174-2012; Vacchi, Andrea/C-1291-2010; Di Salvo, Tiziana/F-3973-2012; Paul, Biswajit/D-4807-2012; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Rios Huguet, Arnau/E-9984-2010; Tamburini, Fabrizio/R-3247-2016; Malcovati, Piero/S-2458-2016; Miniutti, Giovanni/L-2721-2014; OI Zampieri, Luca/0000-0002-6516-1329; Baldazzi, Giuseppe/0000-0002-6657-1645; D'Elia, Valerio/0000-0002-7320-5862; Feroci, Marco/0000-0002-7617-3421; Soffitta, Paolo/0000-0002-7781-4104; Cusumano, Giancarlo/0000-0002-8151-1990; Burgay, Marta/0000-0002-8265-4344; Vercellone, Stefano/0000-0003-1163-1396; Fuschino, Fabio/0000-0003-2139-3299; Castro-Tirado, A. J./0000-0003-2999-3563; Cerda-Duran, Pablo/0000-0003-4293-340X; Israel, GianLuca/0000-0001-5480-6438; PONS, JOSE/0000-0003-1018-8126; Hernanz, Margarita/0000-0002-8651-7910; Amati, Lorenzo/0000-0001-5355-7388; Orlandini, Mauro/0000-0003-0946-3151; Goluchova, Katerina/0000-0002-0930-0961; Pittori, Carlotta/0000-0001-6661-9779; M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; Tolos, Laura/0000-0003-2304-7496; Torrejon, Jose /0000-0002-5967-5163; Poutanen, Juri/0000-0002-0983-0049; Paolillo, Maurizio/0000-0003-4210-7693; Stratta, Maria Giuliana/0000-0003-1055-7980; Groot, Paul/0000-0002-4488-726X; Brown, Edward/0000-0003-3806-5339; Huovelin, Juhani/0000-0002-6276-5776; Gendre, Bruce/0000-0002-9077-2025; MEREGHETTI, SANDRO/0000-0003-3259-7801; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Scaringi, Simone/0000-0001-5387-7189; De Luca, Andrea/0000-0001-6739-687X; Casella, Piergiorgio/0000-0002-0752-3301; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Barbera, Marco/0000-0002-3188-7420; Donnarumma, Immacolata/0000-0002-4700-4549; Campana, Riccardo/0000-0002-4794-5453; Riggio, Alessandro/0000-0002-6145-9224; Vacchi, Andrea/0000-0003-3855-5856; Galloway, Duncan/0000-0002-6558-5121; Sanna, Andrea/0000-0002-0118-2649; Marisaldi, Martino/0000-0002-4000-3789; Campana, Sergio/0000-0001-6278-1576; Bucciantini, Niccolo'/0000-0002-8848-1392; Pacciani, Luigi/0000-0001-6897-5996; collura, alfonso/0000-0001-9534-1235; Gualtieri, Leonardo/0000-0002-1097-3266; Del Santo, Melania/0000-0002-1793-1050; giommi, paolo/0000-0002-2265-5003; trois, alessio/0000-0002-3180-6002; Mineo, Teresa/0000-0002-4931-8445; Labanti, Claudio/0000-0002-5086-3619; Di Salvo, Tiziana/0000-0002-3220-6375; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Rios Huguet, Arnau/0000-0002-8759-3202; Tamburini, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2941-1922; Malcovati, Piero/0000-0001-6514-9672; Miniutti, Giovanni/0000-0003-0707-4531; Capitanio, Fiamma/0000-0002-6384-3027; Bocchino, Fabrizio/0000-0002-2321-5616; Pellizzoni, Alberto Paolo/0000-0002-4590-0040; Wijers, Ralph/0000-0002-3101-1808; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Negueruela, Ignacio/0000-0003-1952-3680; Salvaterra, Ruben/0000-0002-9393-8078; de Martino, Domitilla/0000-0002-5069-4202; Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092; De Rosa, Alessandra/0000-0001-5668-6863; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Wheatley, Peter/0000-0003-1452-2240 NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9612-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9144 AR 91442T DI 10.1117/12.2055913 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BC6WN UT WOS:000354529100085 ER PT S AU Armstrong, JT Schmitt, HR Mozurkewich, D Jorgensen, AM Muterspaugh, MW Baines, EK Benson, JA Zavala, RT Hutter, DJ AF Armstrong, J. T. Schmitt, H. R. Mozurkewich, D. Jorgensen, A. M. Muterspaugh, M. W. Baines, E. K. Benson, J. A. Zavala, R. T. Hutter, D. J. BE Rajagopal, JK CreechEakman, MJ Malbet, F TI Multi-baseline bootstrapping at the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE optical interferometry; baseline bootstrapping; NPOI AB The Navy Precision Optical Interferometer (NPOI) was designed from the beginning to support baseline bootstrapping with equally-spaced array elements. The motivation was the desire to image the surfaces of resolved stars with the maximum resolution possible with a six-element array. Bootstrapping two baselines together to track fringes on a third baseline has been used at the NPOI for many years, but the capabilities of the fringe tracking software did not permit us to bootstrap three or more baselines together. Recently, both a new backend (VISION; Tennessee State Univ.) and new hardware and firmware (AZ Embedded Systems and New Mexico Tech, respectively) for the current hybrid backend have made multi-baseline bootstrapping possible. C1 [Armstrong, J. T.; Schmitt, H. R.; Baines, E. K.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mozurkewich, D.] Seabrook Engn, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA. [Jorgensen, A. M.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Muterspaugh, M. W.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Engn, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Muterspaugh, M. W.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Math Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Benson, J. A.; Zavala, R. T.; Hutter, D. J.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Armstrong, JT (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 7215,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM tom.armstrong@nrl.navy.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9614-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9146 AR 91460K DI 10.1117/12.2055209 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC6QF UT WOS:000354379200020 ER PT S AU Baines, EK Armstrong, JT Schmitt, HR Benson, J Hutter, DJ Zavala, RT AF Baines, Ellyn K. Armstrong, J. Thomas Schmitt, Henrique R. Benson, James Hutter, Donald J. Zavala, R. T. BE Rajagopal, JK CreechEakman, MJ Malbet, F TI Testing Limb Darkening Laws Using NPOI Observations SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE optical interferometry; star diameters; limb-darkening effects ID PROTOTYPE OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER; STELLAR ANGULAR DIAMETERS; LATE-TYPE GIANTS; STARS; ARRAY AB We observed 85 stars using the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer in order to determine their angular diameters. Here we present preliminary uniform disk fits for the stars. Many of the targets have measurements through the first zero crossing and onto the second lobe of the visibility curve. We will use these observations to test limb darkening laws, namely the effectiveness of plane parallel versus spherically symmetric models. These results have important implications for the accuracy with which we can determine the limb darkening of stars used as calibrators on long baselines being implemented in the near future on the NPOI, which will almost certainly have to be at least semi-resolved. The validation or exposure of systematics in the limb darkening laws can also be applied to any number of stars observed interferometrically. C1 [Baines, Ellyn K.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Schmitt, Henrique R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Benson, James; Hutter, Donald J.; Zavala, R. T.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, AZ 86001 USA. RP Baines, EK (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9614-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9146 AR 91460W DI 10.1117/12.2055130 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC6QF UT WOS:000354379200028 ER PT S AU Jorgensen, AM Mozurkewich, D Schmitt, HR van Belle, GT Hutter, DJ Clark, J Armstrong, JT Baines, EK Newman, K Landavazo, M Sun, B Restaino, SR AF Jorgensen, A. M. Mozurkewich, D. Schmitt, H. R. van Belle, G. T. Hutter, D. J. Clark, J. Armstrong, J. T. Baines, E. K. Newman, K. Landavazo, M. Sun, B. Restaino, S. R. BE Rajagopal, JK CreechEakman, MJ Malbet, F TI Progress toward unprecedented imaging of stellar surfaces with the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE Optical interferometry; Bootstrapping; Interferometric imaging ID COHERENT INTEGRATION AB We present progress on the stellar surface imaging project recently funded by the U. S. National Science Foundation. With the unique layout of the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer (NPOI) in combination with data acquisition and fringe-tracking upgrades we expect to be able to substantially exceed the imaging fidelity and resolution of any other interferometer in operation. The project combines several existing advances and infrastructure at NPOI with modest enhancements. For optimal imaging there are several requirements that should be fulfilled. The observatory should be capable of measuring visibilities on a wide range of baseline lengths and orientations, providing complete Fourier (UV) coverage in a short period of time. It should measure visibility amplitudes with good SNR on all baselines as critical imaging information is often contained in low-amplitude visibilities. It should measure the visibility phase on all baselines. The technologies which can achieve this are the NPOI Y-shaped array with (nearly) equal spacing between telescopes and an ability for rapid configuration. Placing 6-telescopes in a row makes it possible to measure visibilities into the 4th lobe of the visibility function. By arranging the 12 available telescopes carefully we can switch, every few days, between 6 different 6-station chains which provide symmetric coverage in the Fourier plane without moving any telescopes, only by moving beam relay mirrors. The 6-station chains are important to achieve the highest imaging resolution, and switching rapidly between station chains provides uniform coverage. Coherent integration techniques can be used to obtain good SNR on very small visibilities. Coherently integrated visibilities can be used for imaging with standard radio imaging packages such as AIPS. The commissioning of one additional station, the use of new data acquisition hardware and fringe tracking algorithms are the enhancements which are making this project a reality. The New Classic data acquisition system, based on a powerful Stratix FPGA and fast Direct Memory Access module, upgrades the existing Classic beam combiner to allow for continuous data recording across all baselines available with 6 telescopes. It also provides the computing power and software environment necessary for implementing the 6-station, 5-baseline fringe-tracking algorithms. In separate papers we discuss the New Classic data acquisition system and the fringe-tracking algorithms in greater detail. In this paper we will focus on an overview of the project. We will describe the observation planning, logistics of the observations, and discuss the current status of the project including preliminary results and simulations of expected future results. C1 [Jorgensen, A. M.; Newman, K.; Landavazo, M.; Sun, B.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Mozurkewich, D.] Seabrook Engn, Seabrook, MD USA. [Schmitt, H. R.; Clark, J.; Armstrong, J. T.; Baines, E. K.; Restaino, S. R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [van Belle, G. T.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hutter, D. J.] Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Jorgensen, AM (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM anders@nmt.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9614-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9146 AR 91460A DI 10.1117/12.2055789 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC6QF UT WOS:000354379200010 ER PT S AU Landavazo, MI Jorgensen, AM Sun, B Newman, K Mozurkewich, D van Belle, GT Hutter, DJ Schmitt, HR Armstrong, JT Baines, EK Restaino, SR AF Landavazo, M. I. Jorgensen, A. M. Sun, B. Newman, K. Mozurkewich, D. van Belle, G. T. Hutter, D. J. Schmitt, H. R. Armstrong, J. T. Baines, E. K. Restaino, S. R. BE Rajagopal, JK CreechEakman, MJ Malbet, F TI 6-station, 5-baseline fringe tracking with the New Classic data acquisition system at the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE Fringe Tracking; Wavelength Bootstrapping; Phase Bootstrapping; Navy Precision Optical Interferometer; NPOI; High Resolution Spectral Imaging; Long Baseline AB The Navy Precision Optical Interferometer (NPOI) has a station layout which makes it uniquely suited for imaging. Stellar surface imaging requires a variety of baseline lengths and in particular long baselines with resolution much smaller than the diameter of the target star. Because the fringe signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is generally low on such long baselines, fringe-tracking cannot be carried out on those baselines directly. Instead, baseline bootstrapping must be employed in which the long baseline is composed of a number of connected shorter baselines. When fringes are tracked on all the shorter baselines fringes are also present on the long baseline. For compact sources, such as stellar disks, the shorter baselines generally have higher SNR and making them short enough that the source is unresolved by them is ideal. Thus, the resolution, or number of pixels across a stellar disk, is roughly equal to the ratio of the length of the long baseline to the length of the short baselines. The more bootstrapped baselines, the better the images produced. If there is also a wide wavelength coverage, wavelength bootstrapping can also be used under some circumstances to increase the resolution further. The NPOI is unique in that it allows 6-station, 5-baseline bootstrapping, the most of any currently operating interferometer. Furthermore, the NPOI Classic beam combiner has wavelength coverage from 450 nm to 850 nm. However, until now, this capability has not been fully exploited. The stellar surface imaging project which was recently funded by the National Science Foundation is exploiting this capability. The New Classic data acquisition system, reported separately, is the hardware which delivers the data to the fringe-tracking algorithm. In this paper we report on the development of the fringe-tracking capability with the New Classic data acquisition system. We discuss the design of the fringe tracking algorithm and present performance results from simulations and on sky observation. C1 [Landavazo, M. I.; Jorgensen, A. M.; Sun, B.; Newman, K.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Mozurkewich, D.] Seabrook Engn, Seabrook, MD USA. [van Belle, G. T.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hutter, D. J.] Naval Observ Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Schmitt, H. R.; Armstrong, J. T.; Baines, E. K.; Restaino, S. R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Landavazo, MI (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM mlandava@nmt.edu NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9614-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9146 AR 914621 DI 10.1117/12.2057278 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC6QF UT WOS:000354379200059 ER PT S AU Newman, K Jorrnsen, AM Landavazo, M Sun, B Hutter, DJ Armstrong, JT Mozurkewich, D Elias, N van Belle, GT Schmitt, HR Baines, EK AF Newman, K. Jorrnsen, A. M. Landavazo, M. Sun, B. Hutter, D. J. Armstrong, J. T. Mozurkewich, D. Elias, N. van Belle, G. T. Schmitt, H. R. Baines, E. K. BE Rajagopal, JK CreechEakman, MJ Malbet, F TI Design and Implementation of the NPOI Database and Website SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE Optical Infoeromentry; database; MySQL; NPOI; website AB The Navy Precision Optical Interferometer (NPOI) has been recording astronomical observations for nearly two decades, at this point with hundreds of thousands of individual observations recorded to date for a total data volume of many terabytes. To make maximum use of the NPOI data it is necessary to organize them in an easily searchable manner and be able to extract essential diagnostic information from the data to allow users to quickly gauge data quality and suitability for a specific science investigation. This sets the motivation for creating a comprehensive database of observation metadata as well as, at least, reduced data products. The NPOI database is implemented in MySQL using standard database tools and interfaces. The use of standard database tools allows us to focus on top-level database and interface implementation and take advantage of standard features such as backup, remote access, mirroring, and complex queries which would otherwise be time- consuming to implement. A website was created in order to give scientists a user friendly interface for searching the database. It allows the user to select various metadata to search for and also allows them to decide how and what results are displayed. This streamlines the searches, making it easier and quicker for scientists to find the information they are looking for. The website has multiple browser and device support. In this paper we present the design of the NPOI database and website, and give examples of its use. C1 New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM USA. [Hutter, D. J.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Armstrong, J. T.; Schmitt, H. R.; Baines, E. K.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mozurkewich, D.] Seabrook Engn, Seabrook, MD USA. [Elias, N.] OAM Solut, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [van Belle, G. T.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9614-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9146 AR 914630 DI 10.1117/12.2057186 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC6QF UT WOS:000354379200089 ER PT S AU Schmitt, HR Mozurkewich, D Armstrong, JT Jorgensen, AM Baines, EK AF Schmitt, Henrique R. Mozurkewich, David Armstrong, J. Thomas Jorgensen, Anders M. Baines, Ellyn K. BE Rajagopal, JK CreechEakman, MJ Malbet, F TI Photometric Calibration of NPOI Visibilities SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE DE Manuscript format; template; SPIE Proceedings; LaTeX AB We present the results of a study done with data from the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer (NPOI). We use data from the Narrow Angle Trackers to perform a photometric calibration of the visibilities. We describe the method and preliminary results on improvements to the precision of the visibility amplitude calibration. C1 [Schmitt, Henrique R.; Armstrong, J. Thomas; Baines, Ellyn K.] US Navy, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mozurkewich, David] Seabrook Engn, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA. [Jorgensen, Anders M.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Schmitt, HR (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7215,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM hschmitt@ccs.nrl.navy.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9614-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9146 AR 91462Q DI 10.1117/12.2057197 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC6QF UT WOS:000354379200081 ER PT S AU Sun, B Jorgensen, M Landavazo, M Hutter, DJ van Belle, GT Mozurkewich, D Armstrong, JT Schmitt, HR Baines, EK Restaino, SR AF Sun, B. Jorgensen, A. M. Landavazo, M. Hutter, D. J. van Belle, G. T. Mozurkewich, D. Armstrong, J. T. Schmitt, H. R. Baines, E. K. Restaino, S. R. BE Rajagopal, JK CreechEakman, MJ Malbet, F TI The New Classic Data Acquisition System for the NPOI SO OPTICAL AND INFRARED INTERFEROMETRY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV CY JUN 23-27, 2014 CL Montreal, CANADA SP SPIE AB The New Classic data acquisition system is an important portion of a new project of stellar surface imaging with the NPOI, funded by the National Science Foundation, and enables the data acquisition necessary for the project. The NPOI can simultaneously deliver beams from 6 telescopes to the beam combining facility, and in the Classic beam combiner these are combined 4 at a time on 3 separate spectrographs with all 15 possible baselines observed. The Classic data acquisition system is limited to 16 of 32 wavelength channels on two spectrographs and limited to 30 s integrations followed by a pause to flush data. Classic also has some limitations in its fringe-tracking capability. These factors, and the fact that Classic incorporates 1990s technology which cannot be easily replaced are motivation for upgrading the data acquisition system. The New Classic data acquisition system is based around modern electronics, including a high-end Stratix FPGA, a 200 MB/s Direct Memory Access card, and a fast modern Linux computer. These allow for continuous recording of all 96 channels across three spectrographs, increasing the total amount of data recorded by a an estimated order of magnitude. The additional computing power on the data acquisition system also allows for the implementation of more sophisticated fringe-tracking algorithms which are needed for the Stellar Surface Imaging project. In this paper we describe the New Classic system design and implementation, describe the background and motivation for the system as well as show some initial results from using it. C1 [Sun, B.; Jorgensen, A. M.; Landavazo, M.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Hutter, D. J.] Naval Observ Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [van Belle, G. T.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Mozurkewich, D.] Seabrook Engn, Seabrook, MD USA. [Armstrong, J. T.; Schmitt, H. R.; Baines, E. K.; Restaino, S. R.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jorgensen, AM (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM anders@nmt.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-9614-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9146 AR 914620 DI 10.1117/12.2057013 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC6QF UT WOS:000354379200058 ER PT B AU Hsieh, WWS AF Hsieh, Wayne Wei-siang BE SheehanDean, A TI UNITED STATES GENERALS SO COMPANION TO THE U.S. CIVIL WAR, VOLS I AND II SE Blackwell Companions to American History LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Naval Acad, Hist, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hsieh, WWS (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Hist, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, WEST SUSSEX PO19 8SQ, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-60907-1; 978-1-4443-5131-6 J9 BLACKW COMPAN AM HIS PY 2014 BP 673 EP 690 D2 10.1002/9781118609071 PG 18 WC History SC History GA BC3IP UT WOS:000351671600039 ER PT S AU Durkin, DP Jost, K Brown, EK Haverhals, L Dion, G Gogotsi, Y De Long, H Trulove, PC AF Durkin, David P. Jost, Kristy Brown, E. Kathryn Haverhals, Luke Dion, Genevieve Gogotsi, Yury De Long, Hugh Trulove, Paul C. BE Obeng, Y Hiramoto, T Hoff, A Hesketh, P Srinivasan, P TI Knitted Electrochemical Capacitors Via Natural Fiber Welded Electrode Yarns SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FUNCTIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS 2 (MORE-THAN-MOORE 2) SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Functional Diversification of Semiconductor Electronics (More-Than-Moore) held during the 225th meeting of The-Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 11-15, 2014 CL Orlando, FL SP Dielectr Sci & Technol, Elect & Photon, Sensor, New Technol Subcommittee, Electrochem Soc ID PROCESS VARIABLES AB This report presents a novel ionic liquid-based method for fabricating flexible double layer supercapacitor electrodes utilizing natural substrates. It investigates the performance of these yarns knitted as fabrics and with other cellulose-based fibers welded with carbon particles. Scanning electron microscopy, mechanical properties testing, conductivity and other electrochemical testing are performed to characterize both individual yarns and knitted devices. C1 [Durkin, David P.; Brown, E. Kathryn; Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Jost, Kristy; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanotechnol Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Haverhals, Luke] Bradley Univ, Mund Lagowski Dept Chem, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. [Jost, Kristy; Dion, Genevieve] Drexel Univ, ExCITe Ctr, Shima Seiki Haute Technol Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [De Long, Hugh] US Air Force, Off Sci Res, Complex Mat & Devices Dept, Arlington, VA USA. RP Durkin, DP (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-521-0 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 61 IS 6 BP 17 EP 19 DI 10.1149/06106.0017ecst PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Physics GA BC6GE UT WOS:000353907400003 ER PT J AU Cohen, IJ Wetz, DA Kelley, JP Heinzel, J Donahue, S AF Cohen, Isaac J. Wetz, David A. Kelley, Jay P. Heinzel, John Donahue, Simon BE Fair, HD TI Evaluation of a High Rate Hybrid Energy Storage Module (HESM) SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) CY JUL 07-11, 2014 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Gen Atom, BAE Syst, China Electrotechn Soc, AUSTAL HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies AB There is considerable need for a mobile, reliable, efficient, and compact prime power supply for a host of applications including directed energy and electrical grid backup among others. Electrochemical energy storage devices, which possess either high power density or high energy density, have been developed recently and are very applicable for use in these applications. The need for both high energy and high power, however, makes the design and implementation of such a prime power supply a non-trivial task. While lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are available, which possess both high power and energy density, operation at high power reduces their cycle life, decreasing the reliability and increasing the cost of the system when replacement becomes necessary more frequently. One method proposed involves optimally combining high energy batteries with high power electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) using actively controlled power electronics to regulate the current to and from each respective device. In such a scheme, energy can be slowly sourced to and from the batteries while the capacitors are used to supply or accept the bulk of the current when the demand is high, especially during fast transients. This type of scheme should not only maximize the batteries' cycle life and ensure that both the energy and power required of the load(s) is always available, but will also increase the instantaneous power capabilities of the system, offering a well-rounded solution to sourcing steady and/or transient loads. At UTA, an actively controlled, high rate HESM has been constructed to evaluate its performance under the typical load condition of directed energy weapon operation. It has been assembled using lithium-ion batteries, EDLCs, and commercial off the shelf (COTS) power electronic converters. A discussion about the future of HESMs, the experimental setup at UTA and the results obtained thus far will be presented here. C1 [Cohen, Isaac J.; Wetz, David A.; Kelley, Jay P.; Donahue, Simon] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Heinzel, John] US Navy, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA 19112 USA. RP Cohen, IJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2733-3 PY 2014 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC5YK UT WOS:000353645400037 ER PT J AU Douglass, S Meger, R Neri, J Cairns, R Reid, R Carney, C Huhman, B AF Douglass, Scott Meger, Robert Neri, Jesse Cairns, Richard, III Reid, Remington Carney, C. Huhman, B. BE Fair, HD TI Diagnostics for Kinematics on MTF at NRL SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) CY JUL 07-11, 2014 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Gen Atom, BAE Syst, China Electrotechn Soc, AUSTAL HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies DE Railgun diagnostics; B-dots; Flux Ladder; Flux Loop; kinematics; position; velocity; acceleration AB The Material Test Facility (MTF) houses a medium caliber EM railgun that is designed for ease of access. As such it is ideal for developing diagnostics for measuring the performance of EM launchers. Multiple, in-situ diagnostics have been fielded on the MTF railgun including field sensors for position location and thermal sensors. Kinematics of the launch package are of particular interest. B-dot loops are the usual method but many such B-dots are required to obtain a detailed evolution of position and velocity. This requires many channels and consumes data acquisition resources. NRL has developed several versions of a Flux Ladder diagnostic which include many pick up loops on one data channel. Some versions have multiple flux ladders interleaved to maintain pulse separation in a single channel but increase overall spatial resolution. On MTF 58 positions were monitored in just three channels. Careful processing has yielded velocity and even acceleration. NRL is also developing a Flux Loop diagnostic that has the potential for continuous kinematics with the time resolution of the digital sampling rate. However, Flux Loops are more sensitive to spurious signal sources. Preliminary results are presented. C1 [Douglass, Scott; Meger, Robert; Neri, Jesse; Carney, C.; Huhman, B.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20035 USA. [Cairns, Richard, III; Reid, Remington] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. RP Douglass, S (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20035 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2733-3 PY 2014 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC5YK UT WOS:000353645400154 ER PT J AU Engel, TG Veracka, MJ Timpson, EJ AF Engel, T. G. Veracka, M. J. Timpson, E. J. BE Fair, HD TI Development of a Reversible Helical Electromagnetic Launcher SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) CY JUL 07-11, 2014 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Gen Atom, BAE Syst, China Electrotechn Soc, AUSTAL HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies ID RAILGUN AB The first-ever reversible helical electromagnetic launcher (HEML) to both accelerate and decelerate a projectile is presented and discussed. The reversible HEML is a hollow-projectile geometry with a barrel length of 750 mm and a bore diameter of 40 mm. Power for the reversible HEML is provided by a 3-module capacitive pulse forming network (PFN) that has a total energy storage of 1 MJ. Projectile mass is approximately 700 grams. The largest measured acceleration is 8000 m/s(2) immediately followed by a deceleration pulse of 15,000 m/s(2). Pulse lengths for the acceleration and deceleration pulses varied from 5 ms to a maximum of 14.5 ms. An uncertainty analysis and repeatability study was also done with regard to the measured results. Opportunities for improvement in this new proven technology are also explored. C1 [Engel, T. G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Veracka, M. J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Timpson, E. J.] Honeywell Fed Mfg & Technol, NNSAs Kansas City Plant, Kansas City, MO 64147 USA. RP Engel, TG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2733-3 PY 2014 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC5YK UT WOS:000353645400121 ER PT J AU Huhman, BM Neri, JM Wetz, DA Mili, L AF Huhman, B. M. Neri, J. M. Wetz, D. A. Mili, L. BE Fair, HD TI Development of a Rep-rated Capacitor Bank Utilizing Electrochemical Energy Storage SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) CY JUL 07-11, 2014 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Gen Atom, BAE Syst, China Electrotechn Soc, AUSTAL HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies AB The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is developing a battery-powered, rep-rate charger for a 60-kJ capacitor bank. The objective is to charge a 4800-mu F capacitor to 5-kV in four seconds for a fifty shot burst. A bank of lithiumion batteries is used with a full H-bridge converter, a transformer, and a rectifier to transform the 600V battery voltage to 5-kV secondary voltage. The battery modules are nominally 50-V each until the output relays are energized and all twelve modules are connected in series, at which point the voltage will droop significantly due to circuit loading. The batteries are directly connected to an IGBT-based full-bridge converter that is used in conjunction with a capacitor and the transformer to charge the bank in approximately six seconds. Additional work was also performed in the investigation of the use of Oscillating Heat Pipes (OHPs) to replace the passive heat sink on the IGBT switches. This paper will present results from experiments to date. C1 [Huhman, B. M.; Neri, J. M.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wetz, D. A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Elect Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Mili, L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Huhman, BM (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2733-3 PY 2014 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC5YK UT WOS:000353645400152 ER PT J AU Michopoulos, JG Young, M Iliopoulos, A AF Michopoulos, J. G. Young, M. Iliopoulos, A. BE Fair, HD TI A Multiphysics Theory for the Static Contact of Deformable Conductors with Fractal Rough Surfaces SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) CY JUL 07-11, 2014 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Gen Atom, BAE Syst, China Electrotechn Soc, AUSTAL HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies ID WEIERSTRASS-MANDELBROT FUNCTION; RESISTANCE AB In the present paper we are proposing a multifield and multiscale theory leading to derivations of electric and thermal conductivities for the interface between two rough surfaces in contact activated by mechanical load and electric current pulses. At the macroscale the proposed model involves multifield coupling of conduction and induction currents with heat conduction induced by Joule heating. The structural mechanics of the conducting materials are also considered. At the mesoscale and microscale the associated model contains an asperity based comprehensive model that leads to homogenized macro scale properties for the interface boundary. The mechanical pressure and the repulsion effect from electric current through the micro-contacts are accounted for as well. Finally, the entire framework is applied to an actual conductor configuration of hollow cylinders under compression and a high current pulse to demonstrate the feasibility of the entire approach. In addition to providing typical results for all selected fields present during the experiment and the simulation, we also provide a comparison between the experimentally acquired resistance histories with the numerically derived ones to address validation aspects of the general multiphysics contact theory. C1 [Michopoulos, J. G.; Young, M.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Iliopoulos, A.] George Mason Univ, NRL, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michopoulos, JG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Michopoulos, John/D-6704-2016 OI Michopoulos, John/0000-0001-7004-6838 NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2733-3 PY 2014 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC5YK UT WOS:000353645400158 ER PT J AU Myers, S Huhman, B AF Myers, S. Huhman, B. BE Fair, HD TI Enabling Scientific Collaboration and Discovery through the use of Data Standardization SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) CY JUL 07-11, 2014 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Gen Atom, BAE Syst, China Electrotechn Soc, AUSTAL HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies AB The Railgun Data Format Standard (RDFS) provides a flexible format for the archival of electromagnetic railgun (EMRG) laboratory test data. This effort utilizes the Hierarchical Data Format version 5 (HDF5) for the data model and file format, as well as Extensible Markup Language (XML) for data structure and data type encapsulation. The RDFS was developed through a collaborative effort within the Office of Naval Research (ONR) EMRG program, including members from Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren, the Naval Research Laboratory, and the Institute for Advanced Technology. The intent behind the RDFS is to facilitate collaborative data sharing among EMRG researchers through the standardization of EMRG test data archives. The structure of the RDFS is discussed, along with details on its implementation and use within the ONR EMRG community. C1 [Myers, S.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. [Huhman, B.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Myers, S (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Dahlgren Div, Dahlgren, VA 22448 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2733-3 PY 2014 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC5YK UT WOS:000353645400150 ER PT J AU Wild, B Schuppler, C Alouahabi, F Schneider, M Hoffman, R AF Wild, Barbara Schuppler, Christian Alouahabi, Farid Schneider, Markus Hoffman, Ryan BE Fair, HD TI The influence of the rail material on the multishot performance of the Rapid Fire Railgun (RAFIRA) SO 2014 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY (EML) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology (EML) CY JUL 07-11, 2014 CL Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies, San Diego, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Nucl & Plasma Sci Soc, Gen Atom, BAE Syst, China Electrotechn Soc, AUSTAL HO Inst Strateg & Innovat Technologies ID ELECTROMAGNETIC LAUNCHER; BRUSH ARMATURES; CONTACT AB The Rapid Fire Railgun (Rafira), a unique railgun which can be operated in multishot mode is well suited for the study of the influence of different rail materials on velocity and electrical contact of the armature and/or the wear of different rail materials. That is why we performed experiments with Rafira operated in multi shot mode (fire rate of 50 Hz), using different rail materials (CuCr and Dural) and varying shot energy. For these experiments, the shot energy for Rafira was raised, for the first time, up to the maximum energy at disposal of 1.45 MJ per shot with armature masses of over 100 g. In this way, we were able to show that the influence of the rail material depends on the applied shot energy: for low shot energies (< 1MJ), CuCr rails show better results in terms of velocities and exit times of the armatures. This effect vanishes for high shot energies (> 1MJ). Whereas in terms of electrical contact, Dural rails show both less erosion and the capability to maintain a solid sliding contact until shot out for all energies applied. C1 [Wild, Barbara; Schuppler, Christian; Alouahabi, Farid; Schneider, Markus] French German Res Inst St Louis, St Louis, France. [Hoffman, Ryan] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Wild, B (reprint author), French German Res Inst St Louis, St Louis, France. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2733-3 PY 2014 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC5YK UT WOS:000353645400126 ER PT J AU Knopf, JW AF Knopf, Jeffrey W. BE Fields, JR TI Nuclear Disarmament and Nonproliferation Examining the Linkage Argument SO STATE BEHAVIOR AND THE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION REGIME SE Studies in Security and International Affairs LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Knopf, Jeffrey W.] Monterey Inst Int Studies, Nonproliferat & Terrorism Studies, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Knopf, Jeffrey W.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. [Knopf, Jeffrey W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Knopf, Jeffrey W.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Knopf, JW (reprint author), Monterey Inst Int Studies, Nonproliferat & Terrorism Studies, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV GEORGIA PRESS PI ATHENS PA ATHENS, GA 30602 USA BN 978-0-8203-4729-5 J9 STUD SECUR INT AFF PY 2014 BP 106 EP 146 PG 41 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA BC2UO UT WOS:000351359700005 ER PT J AU Sotomayor, AC AF Sotomayor, Arturo C. BE Fields, JR TI Brazil and Mexico in the Nonproliferation Regime Common Structures and Divergent Trajectories in Latin America SO STATE BEHAVIOR AND THE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION REGIME SE Studies in Security and International Affairs LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Sotomayor, Arturo C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Sotomayor, Arturo C.] Tulane Univ, Ctr Interamer & Policy Res, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Sotomayor, Arturo C.] Woodrow Wilson Int Ctr Scholars, Mexico Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Sotomayor, AC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV GEORGIA PRESS PI ATHENS PA ATHENS, GA 30602 USA BN 978-0-8203-4729-5 J9 STUD SECUR INT AFF PY 2014 BP 218 EP 250 PG 33 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA BC2UO UT WOS:000351359700009 ER PT J AU Alqadah, HF Valdivia, N AF Alqadah, H. F. Valdivia, N. GP IEEE TI 3D Shape Reconstruction Using a Novel Multi-Frequency Linear Sampling Method Predictor SO 2014 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED APPLICATIONS (ICEAA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA) CY AUG 03-08, 2014 CL NETHERLANDS SP Politecnico Torino, Univ Illinois Chicago, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Int Union Radio Sci, Ist Superiore Mario Boella Tecnologie Informazione & Telecomunicazioni, Torino Wireless Fdn, SELENE Srl, IEEE ID SCATTERING AB The linear sampling method is a qualitative inverse scattering technique that does not rely on any geometric priors and is more immune to model mismatches than non-linear optimization techniques. Unfortunately it is prone to instability especially with under-sampled aperture data. This paper presents a multi-frequency LSM reconstruction method that aims to mitigate such instability and provide increased reconstruction quality when processing sparse aperture data. C1 [Alqadah, H. F.] NRC Postdoctoral Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Valdivia, N.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Alqadah, HF (reprint author), NRC Postdoctoral Associate, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM hatim.alqadah.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-5710-4 PY 2014 BP 151 EP 154 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BC4TU UT WOS:000352954100025 ER PT B AU Pang, CK Hong, F Nagashima, M AF Pang, C. K. Hong, F. Nagashima, M. BE Yamaguchi, T Hirata, M Pang, CK TI Dual-Stage Systems and Control SO ADVANCES IN HIGH-PERFORMANCE MOTION CONTROL OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HARD-DISK DRIVES; SELF-SENSING ACTUATION; DISTURBANCE REJECTION; POSITIONING SYSTEM; VIBRATION CONTROL; SERVO SYSTEMS; HIGH-SPEED; DESIGN; MICROACTUATOR; COMPENSATION C1 [Pang, C. K.] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Hong, F.] A STAR Data Storage Inst, Singapore, Singapore. [Nagashima, M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Pang, CK (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore 117548, Singapore. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-5571-6; 978-1-4665-5570-9 PY 2014 BP 199 EP 258 PG 60 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Robotics GA BC2WX UT WOS:000351399200006 ER PT S AU Kim, M Park, D Han, DK Ko, H AF Kim, Minjac Park, Dubok Han, David K. Ko, Hanscok GP IEEE TI A Novel Framework for Extremely Low-light Video Enhancement SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS (ICCE) SE IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE) CY JAN 10-13, 2014 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE AB In this paper, we propose a novel framework for enhancement of very low-light video. For noise reduction, motion adaptive temporal filtering based on the Kalman structured updating is presented. Dynamic range of denoised video is increased by adaptive adjustment of RGB histograms. Finally, remaining noise is removed using Non-local means (NLM) denoising. The proposed method exploits color filter array (CFA) raw data for achieving low memory consumption. C1 [Kim, Minjac; Park, Dubok; Ko, Hanscok] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Kim, M (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul, South Korea. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2158-3994 BN 978-1-4799-1291-9 J9 I SYMP CONSUM ELECTR PY 2014 BP 93 EP 94 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC4GT UT WOS:000352510400041 ER PT J AU Dashtestani, H Cotae, P Moskowitz, IS AF Dashtestani, Hadis Cotae, Paul Moskowitz, Ira S. GP IEEE TI Joint Optimal Placement and Energy Allocation of Underwater Sensors in a Tree Topology SO 2014 48TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCES AND SYSTEMS (CISS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS) CY MAR 19-21, 2014 CL Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ SP IEEE Informat Theory Soc, Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn HO Princeton Univ DE channel capacity; tree topology; underwater sensor communication; acoustic channel; KKT; non-linear optimization; energy efficiency ID NETWORKS AB By using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions in a multi-hop hierarchical tree structure we obtained the optimal placement of the underwater acoustic sensor nodes with respect to the capacity of the wireless links between the nodes. We assumed that the energy consumption of each sensor node is constant. We were able to calculate the vertical and horizontal distances between each sensor nodes and also between any levels of interest. On the same tree topology we focused on the energy efficient transmission in underwater sensor networks by providing the optimal transmitting energies for the nodes with fixed locations. C1 [Dashtestani, Hadis; Cotae, Paul] Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Moskowitz, Ira S.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Dashtestani, H (reprint author), Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM hadis.dashtestaini@udc.edu; pcotae@udc.cdu; ira.moskowitz@nrl.navy.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3001-2 PY 2014 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA BC3UL UT WOS:000351998300118 ER PT S AU Wilson, JD Blanco, JA Mazar, S Bly, M AF Wilson, Jared D. Blanco, Justin A. Mazar, Scott Bly, Mark GP IEEE TI Modeling the Effects of Biological Tissue on RF Propagation from a Wrist-Worn Device SO 2014 36TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC) SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC) CY AUG 26-30, 2014 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE Engn Medicine & Biol Soc ID ANTENNA; COMMUNICATION; RADIATION; DESIGN; BODY AB Many wireless devices in common use today are worn either on or in close proximity to the body. Among them are a growing number of wrist-mounted devices designed for applications such as activity or vital-signs monitoring, typically using Bluetooth technology to communicate with external devices. Here, we use a tissue-mimicking phantom material in conjunction with anechoic chamber and network analyzer testing to investigate how antenna propagation patterns in one such device are influenced by the electrical properties of the human wrist. A microstrip antenna module is mounted onto phantom material of various geometries, and the resulting voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), input impedance, and azimuth radiation pattern are recorded in both free space and real-world environments. The results of this study demonstrate how the high permittivity values of human tissue (epsilon(r) approximate to 16) affect the design parameters of microstrip antennas. A simulation environment using Sonnet EM software was used to further analyze the high dielectric effects of biological tissue on RF propagation. C1 [Wilson, Jared D.; Blanco, Justin A.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Wilson, JD (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jared.d.wilson24@gmail.com; blanco@usna.edu; smaz@iname.com; mark.bly@aclarismedical.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-7929-0 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2014 BP 3146 EP 3149 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC1EL UT WOS:000350044703035 ER PT J AU DeFisher, SE Tilley, CA Fanaras, D Brown, RE AF DeFisher, Stanley E. Tilley, Christopher A. Fanaras, Dimitrios Brown, Ronald E. BE Ames, RG Boeka, RD TI SHAPED CHARGE DESIGN ISSUES FOR EXPLOITING SUPRA-PRESSURE DETONATION SO 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Symposium on Ballistics CY SEP 22-26, 2014 CL Atlanta, GA SP Natl Defense Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB This report focuses on approaches for assessing the effect of explosive power on shaped charge performance, primarily jet velocity and elongation. A finite difference computational methodology within ANSYS AUTODYN allows for tracking liner mass, in a manner that permits one to estimate all vectors of the classical PER triangle based on dynamic motion of each mass element in a finely zoned 2D Eulerian solver. Stagnation motion is tracked and referenced to the exact coordinates and time that material is accelerated into jet. Jet stability appears to abide with the Harrison postulated limiting flow rate condition for copper, taking into account derived jet and stagnation velocities. A 90-degree conical liner solution in an overdriven LX-14 charge at 10.7 km/sec detonation velocity was successfully designed yielding a jet at tip velocity between 11.4 and 11.5 km/sec. An empirical relationship between stagnation and detonation velocities at 0.55 in coherent jetting is proposed. C1 [DeFisher, Stanley E.; Tilley, Christopher A.; Fanaras, Dimitrios; Brown, Ronald E.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP DeFisher, SE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-149-2 PY 2014 BP 320 EP 327 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA BC2IL UT WOS:000350969700039 ER PT S AU Graham, SM AF Graham, Stephen M. BE McKeighan, PC Braun, AA TI Uncertainty in Ductile Fracture Initiation Toughness (J(IC)) Resulting From Compliance Measurement SO APPLICATION OF AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY IN FATIGUE AND FRACTURE TESTING AND ANALYSIS SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Application of Automation Technology in Fatigue and Fracture Testing and Analysis CY MAY 23, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP ASTM Int Comm E08 Fatigue & Fracture, ASTM Int Subcommittee E08.03 Adv Apparat & Tech DE unloading compliance; fracture toughness; uncertainty AB ASTM E1820-13 for determining ductile fracture initiation toughness (J(IC)) includes a single-specimen technique where crack length is determined using the compliance measurement from partial unloads. Noise and nonlinearity in the compliance data, together with the method used to select data to perform linear regression, lead to statistical uncertainty in the resulting crack lengths and J(IC). Statistical analysis of linear regression was used to quantify variability in compliance for different selection methods. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to propagate that variability to the determination of J(IC) and to quantify the resulting uncertainty. Recommendations are made regarding how to select data for linear regression to minimize uncertainty. The simulation shows that a standard error on compliance of less than 0.25 % of the compliance results in a standard deviation in J(IC) of less than 4 % of the mean J(IC). C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Graham, SM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mech Engn, 590 Holloway Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7587-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2014 VL 1571 BP 134 EP 152 DI 10.1520/STP157120130069 PG 19 WC Automation & Control Systems; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Automation & Control Systems; Materials Science GA BC2OK UT WOS:000351133700009 ER PT B AU Florea, CM Busse, LE Bayya, S Shaw, B Aggarwal, ID Sanghera, JS AF Florea, Catalin M. Busse, Lynda E. Bayya, Shyam Shaw, Brandon Aggarwal, Ishwar D. Sanghera, Jas S. BE Singh, D Zhu, D Kriven, WM Mathur, S TI ANTI-REFLECTIVE SURFACE STRUCTURES IN SPINEL CERAMIC WINDOWS SO DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, AND APPLICATIONS OF STRUCTURAL CERAMICS, COMPOSITES, AND NANOMATERIALS: CERAMIC TRANSACTIONS, VOL 244 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology CY JUN 02-06, 2013 CL Coronado, CA AB Spinel ceramic substrates have been successfully patterned through reactive ion etching (RIE). Reflection losses as low as 0.3% have been demonstrated at 1.06 microns. Laser damage thresholds have been measured for substrates with ARSS and compared with uncoated and/or thin-film anti-reflection (AR) coated substrates. Thresholds as high as 10 J/cm(2) have been demonstrated at 1.06 microns, with ARSS substrates showing improved thresholds when compared with uncoated or traditional AR coated substrates. C1 [Florea, Catalin M.] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [Busse, Lynda E.; Bayya, Shyam; Shaw, Brandon; Sanghera, Jas S.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Aggarwal, Ishwar D.] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Florea, CM (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. EM catalin.florea@soteradefense.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-88970-1; 978-1-118-77094-8 PY 2014 BP 89 EP 99 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BC2FC UT WOS:000350822300009 ER PT J AU Stamoulias, A Malamos, AG Zampoglou, M Brutzman, D AF Stamoulias, Andreas Malamos, Athanasios G. Zampoglou, Markos Brutzman, Don BE Spencer, SN TI Enhancing X3DOM Declarative 3D with Rigid Body Physics Support SO WEB3D 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International ACM Symposium on 3D Web Technologies CY AUG 08-10, 2014 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Assoc Comp Machinery SIGGRAPH, Eurograph, Web3D Consortium, Assoc Comp Machinery DE X3D; X3DOM; Web3D; HTML5; WebGL; Bullet physics; Ammo.js; real-time; physics engines; rigid body; constraint; interactive 3D AB Given that physics can be fundamental for realistic and interactive Web3D applications, a number of JavaScript versions of physics engines have been introduced during the past years. This paper presents the implementation of the rigid body physics component, as defined by the X3D specification, in the X3DOM environment, and the creation of dynamic 3D interactive worlds. We briefly review the state of the art in current technologies for Web3D graphics, including HTML5, WebGL and X3D, and then explore the significance of physics engines in building realistic Web3D worlds. We include a comprehensive review of JavaScript physics engine libraries, and proceed to summarize the significance of our implementation while presenting in detail the methodology followed. The results obtained so far from our cross-browser experiments demonstrate that real-time interactive scenes with hundreds of rigid bodies can be constructed and operate with acceptable frame rates, while the allowing the user to maintain the scene control. C1 [Stamoulias, Andreas; Malamos, Athanasios G.; Zampoglou, Markos] Technol Educ Inst Crete, Dept Informat Engn, GR-71004 Iraklion, Greece. [Brutzman, Don] Naval Postgrad Sch, MOVES Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Stamoulias, A (reprint author), Technol Educ Inst Crete, Dept Informat Engn, GR-71004 Iraklion, Greece. EM andr.stamoulias@gmail.com; brutzman@nps.edu NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-3015-2 PY 2014 BP 99 EP 107 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BC3EY UT WOS:000351587100011 ER PT J AU McCann, M Yoo, B Brutzman, D AF McCann, Michael Yoo, Byounghyun Brutzman, Don BE Spencer, SN TI Integration of X3D Geospatial in a Data Driven Web Application SO WEB3D 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International ACM Symposium on 3D Web Technologies CY AUG 08-10, 2014 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Assoc Comp Machinery SIGGRAPH, Eurograph, Web3D Consortium, Assoc Comp Machinery DE X3D; geospatial; sensor data; oceanography; X3DOM C1 [McCann, Michael] MBARI, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Yoo, Byounghyun] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Seoul, South Korea. [Brutzman, Don] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP McCann, M (reprint author), MBARI, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. EM mccann@mbari.org; yoo@byoo.net; brutzman@nps.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-3015-2 PY 2014 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BC3EY UT WOS:000351587100018 ER PT J AU MacDonald, J Arkes, J Nicosia, N Pacula, RL AF MacDonald, John Arkes, Jeremy Nicosia, Nancy Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo TI Decomposing Racial Disparities in Prison and Drug Treatment Commitments for Criminal Offenders in California SO JOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES LA English DT Article ID FEDERAL SENTENCING GUIDELINES; UNITED-STATES; IMPRISONMENT DECISIONS; JUSTICE SYSTEM; RACE; DISCRIMINATION; DEPARTURES; OUTCOMES; DISCRETION; COURTS AB We assess whether black-white disparities in commitments to prison or diversions to treatment for drug offenders in California can be explained by differences in the characteristics of criminal cases and whether case characteristics are weighed differently by race. We also examine whether the influence of case characteristics changed after California implemented a mandatory prison diversion program for eligible drug offenders. Our results show that black-white disparities in prison commitments are fully explained by criminal case characteristics, but a significant share of the differences in treatment diversions remains unexplained. The unexplained racial disparity in treatment diversions did not change after California implemented mandatory diversion for eligible drug offenders. These findings suggest that case characteristics play a larger role in explaining prison commitments for drug offenders than the discretion of prosecutors and judges. Diversion to treatment appears to be driven more by the discretion of court officials, and racial disparities remain prominent. C1 [MacDonald, John] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Arkes, Jeremy] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Nicosia, Nancy; Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. RP MacDonald, J (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA022719] NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0047-2530 EI 1537-5366 J9 J LEGAL STUD JI J. Legal Stud. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 43 IS 1 BP 155 EP 187 DI 10.1086/675728 PG 33 WC Law SC Government & Law GA AD9DL UT WOS:000333564800006 PM 25382877 ER PT S AU Evans, JR Kruse, FA AF Evans, Jack R. Kruse, Fred A. GP IEEE TI DETERMINATION OF SNOW DEPTH USING ELEVATION DIFFERENCES DETERMINED BY INTERFEROMETRIC SAR (INSAR) SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc DE Snow Depth; Interferometric SAR AB Snow accumulation is a significant factor for determining sources and amounts of seasonal runoff for a variety of applications. Most current estimates of snow depth, however, consist of manual (spot) measurements combined with weather models, and don't capture snow depth information at appropriate scales for regional forecasting or local use. Remote sensing data have the potential to determine snow depth and other parameters for large areas that are difficult to measure directly using other methods. The Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to explore snow depth estimation approaches. SAR interferograms are calculated to produce digital elevation models (DEMs) for both snow-off and snow-on conditions - DEM subtraction provides an estimate of the snow depth over the area of the remotely sensed data. C1 [Evans, Jack R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Evans, JR (reprint author), USAF, HQ AFWA A3N, Offutt AFB, NE 68113 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 BP 962 EP 965 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6946586 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688101106 ER PT S AU Lee, JS Ainsworth, TL Wang, YT AF Lee, Jong-Sen Ainsworth, Thomas L. Wang, Yanting GP IEEE TI ANALYSIS OF POLARIZATION ORIENTATION ANGLE BASED ON SCATTERING MECHANISMS SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc DE Polarimetric SAR; scattering modeling; Orientation angle estimation AB The complexity of polarization orientation angle induced by scatterings from buildings and distributed media will be investigated. We will look into 1) the estimation algorithm, 2) The double bounce scattering from building walls not aligned in the along-track direction and 3) the orientation angle associated with very high-resolution PolSAR images with decimeter resolution. C1 [Lee, Jong-Sen; Ainsworth, Thomas L.; Wang, Yanting] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jong_sen_lee@yahoo.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 BP 1005 EP 1008 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6946597 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688101116 ER PT S AU Hwang, PA Perrie, W Zhang, B AF Hwang, Paul A. Perrie, William Zhang, Biao GP IEEE TI WIND VELOCITY AND CROSS POLARIZATION RADAR BACKSCATTER SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc ID SURFACE WIND; VECTOR WINDS; OCEAN; SPEEDS C1 [Hwang, Paul A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hwang, PA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 BP 2687 EP 2690 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6947028 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688103171 ER PT S AU Toporkov, JV Sletten, MA AF Toporkov, Jakov V. Sletten, Mark A. GP IEEE TI JOINT MAGNITUDE AND PHASE PROPERTIES OF NUMERICALLY SIMULATED HIGH-RESOLUTION VV- AND HH-POLARIZED X-BAND SEA BACKSCATTER OVER WIDE RANGE OF INCIDENCE ANGLES SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc DE numerical simulations; sea surface electromagnetic scattering; clutter statistics; radar polarimetry AB Joint properties of high-resolution coherent sea surface backscatter at different polarizations are studied using two-dimensional (2-D) direct numerical simulations based on a first-principles boundary integral equation technique. The quantities considered include the joint probability density function for HH and VV intensities and the distribution for the phase difference between the two polarization channels. Various distribution moments and polarimetric parameters such as entropy and "alpha angle" are also examined, including their sensitivity to wind speed and noise. A broad span of incidence angles (ranging from 20 to 85 degrees) is considered, which helps elucidate the trends as backscattering geometry evolves towards low grazing regime. C1 [Toporkov, Jakov V.; Sletten, Mark A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Toporkov, JV (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 BP 5025 EP 5028 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688107040 ER PT S AU Jansen, RW Sletten, MA AF Jansen, Robert W. Sletten, Mark A. GP IEEE TI MOTION MEASUREMENT WITH A MULTI-CHANNEL SAR SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc DE Synthetic Aperture Radar AB This paper explores the use of a Multi-channel SAR (MSAR) system for the characterization of scene motion. A ground based MSAR system (the NRL FOPAIR) is used to study system parameter sensitivities and an airborne MSAR is proposed. Our efforts demonstrate the advantages of using an MSAR for both determination of motion and removal of motion-related distortions and smearing in SAR imagery. C1 [Jansen, Robert W.; Sletten, Mark A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jansen, RW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 BP 5219 EP 5221 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6947675 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688107090 ER PT S AU Ainsworth, TL Sabry, R AF Ainsworth, Thomas L. Sabry, Ramin GP IEEE TI COHERENT POLARIMETRIC SAR CHANGE ANALYSIS SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc C1 [Ainsworth, Thomas L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ainsworth, TL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6947505 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688106104 ER PT S AU Chen, W AF Chen, Wei GP IEEE TI CURRENT ESTIMATION FROM SATELLITE IMAGE SEQUENCE WITH GLOBAL SIMILARITY OPTIMIZATION MODEL SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc DE Current; Feature Tracking; Image Sequence AB A new approach for current tracking from a satellite image sequence is proposed to address the issue of radiometric variations between two-frame images. A global similarity criterion (GSC) is defined based on the cross correlation between two images to convert a convex optimization model to a non-convex one. The retrieval of the motion field with the criterion of the maximum similarity becomes solving a nonlinear minimization problem. One of the generic iterative equations is formulated based on the Global Similarity Optimization Model (GSOM) and a unified adaptive framework. The approach is tested using an ocean simulation dataset and realistic satellite infrared image sequences. Experimental results indicate that the new approach is not only robust for radiometric variations between two images, but also efficient, fast, and accurate for motion estimation. C1 Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6947460 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688106062 ER PT S AU Wang, YT Ainsworth, TL Lee, JS AF Wang, Yanting Ainsworth, Thomas L. Lee, Jong-Sen GP IEEE TI MIXTURE DESCRIPTION OF POLARIMETRIC SAR IMAGES AND IMPROVED NONLOCAL SPECKLE FILTERING SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Joint International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) / 35th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing CY JUL 13-18, 2014 CL Quebec City, CANADA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, Canadian Remote Sensing Soc DE polarimetric SAR speckle; non-local filter; mixture distribution AB We introduce a polarimetric SAR speckle filter by combining finite mixture distributions and the so-called non-local filtering scheme. The finite mixture distributions are used to describe the statistical properties of the highly textured, heterogeneous scene in high-resolution SAR images. The non-local filtering scheme is used to test similarity in the local patterns to include sufficient pixels for better speckle reduction. The filter is capable of retaining distinctive scattering mechanisms from the onset. The improvement is demonstrated using DLR's high-resolution F-SAR images. C1 [Wang, Yanting; Ainsworth, Thomas L.; Lee, Jong-Sen] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, YT (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-5775-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2014 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6947508 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BC0WG UT WOS:000349688106107 ER PT S AU Michini, M Hsieh, MA Forgoston, E Schwartz, IB AF Michini, Matthew Hsieh, M. Ani Forgoston, Eric Schwartz, Ira B. GP IEEE TI Experimental Validation of Robotic Manifold Tracking in Gyre-Like Flows SO 2014 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2014) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY SEP 14-18, 2014 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, Robot Soc Japan, RA, SICE, IES, New Technol Fdn ID LAGRANGIAN COHERENT STRUCTURES; EXPLICIT; MODEL AB In this paper, we present a first attempt toward experimental validation of a multi-robot strategy for tracking manifolds and Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) in flows. LCS exist in natural fluid flows at various scales, and they are time-varying extensions of stable and unstable manifolds of time invariant dynamical systems. In this work, we present the first steps toward experimentally validating our previously proposed real-time manifold and LCS tracking strategy that relies solely on local measurements. Although we have validated the strategy in simulations using analytical flow models, experimental flow data, and actual ocean data, the strategy has never been implemented on an actual robotic platform. We demonstrate the tracking strategy using a team of micro autonomous surface vehicles (mASVs) in our laboratory testbed and investigate the feasibility of the strategy with vehicles operating in an actual fluid environment. Our experimental results show that the team of mASVs can successfully track LCS using a simulated velocity field, and we present preliminary results showing the feasibility of a team of mASVs tracking manifolds in real flows using only local measurements obtained from their onboard flow sensors. C1 [Michini, Matthew; Hsieh, M. Ani] Drexel Univ, Mech Engn & Mech Dept, SAS Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Forgoston, Eric] Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. [Schwartz, Ira B.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Nonlinear Syst Dynam Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Michini, M (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Mech Engn & Mech Dept, SAS Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM mam637@drexel.edu; mhsieh1@drexel.edu; eric.forgoston@montclair.edu; ira.schwartz@nrl.navy.mil NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0858 BN 978-1-4799-6934-0 J9 IEEE INT C INT ROBOT PY 2014 BP 2306 EP 2311 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BC0YL UT WOS:000349834602063 ER PT S AU Rodriguez-Seda, EJ AF Rodriguez-Seda, Erick J. GP IEEE TI Transparency Compensation for Bilateral Teleoperators with Time-Varying Communication Delays SO 2014 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2014) SE IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY SEP 14-18, 2014 CL Chicago, IL SP IEEE, Robot Soc Japan, RA, SICE, IES, New Technol Fdn ID STABILITY AB Passivity-based bilateral teleoperation control systems can offer robust stability against arbitrarily large communication delays at the expense of poor transparency. In fact, most passive control frameworks are designed for a particular task and do not adjust transparency when transitioning between different environments. This paper presents a bilateral control strategy that passively compensates transparency when transitioning between free motion and hard contact motion scenarios. The proposed control framework exploits the effect that the wave impedance (a design parameter of the passivity-based scattering transformation) has on transparency without compromising closed-loop stability regardless of time-varying communication delays. To adjust transparency, the control scheme smoothly switches the wave impedance between a low value, ideal for free motion, and a sufficiently large value, suited for hard contact scenarios. We show, by rigorous mathematical treatment and simulations, that the proposed control strategy can effectively adjust the transparency of the system without compromising stability. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Rodriguez-Seda, EJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM rodrigue@usna.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-0858 BN 978-1-4799-6934-0 J9 IEEE INT C INT ROBOT PY 2014 BP 4375 EP 4380 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BC0YL UT WOS:000349834604073 ER PT J AU Hong, SK Mendez, V Wall, WS Liao, R AF Hong, Sun K. Mendez, Victor Wall, Walter S. Liao, Rachel TI Single-Feed Beam-Steering of Short Pulses via Time Reversal SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Beamforming; beam-steering; high-power RF; short pulse; time reversal; ultrawideband (UWB) ID UWB ANTENNAS AB In this letter, we present a new approach to beam-steering of short, ultrawideband (UWB) pulses using a single-feed radiating structure. Utilizing a radiator consisting of small apertures backed by a reverberating cavity, a time-reversal technique is applied to generate a short pulse at each aperture with the corresponding time delay for beamforming at a desired steering angle. In the process, we also employ a novel method to improve beamforming performance. This approach offers significantly simpler beamforming and steering of short pulses compared to conventional methods, which typically require a complex multifeed structure. Moreover, beam-steering of high-power short pulses is achievable using this approach with a suitable choice of feed. C1 [Hong, Sun K.; Mendez, Victor; Wall, Walter S.; Liao, Rachel] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Hong, SK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sun.hong@nrl.navy.mil RI Hong, Sun/E-9597-2014 OI Hong, Sun/0000-0003-4417-8727 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1225 EI 1548-5757 J9 IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR JI IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. PY 2014 VL 13 BP 794 EP 797 DI 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2318673 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA CC3WS UT WOS:000350282400005 ER PT J AU Wall, WS Hong, SK AF Wall, Walter S. Hong, Sun K. TI Improved Time-Reversal-Based Beamforming Using a Self-Biasing Switch SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Beamforming; diodes; high-power RF; short pulse; time reversal; ultrawideband (UWB) AB In this letter, a self-biasing switch is proposed to reduce the artifacts associated with time-reversal-based beam-forming. This device consists of multiple diodes placed in series on a 50-microstrip. At low incident voltages, this device behaves like a high-pass filter, rejecting low-power transients over a broad bandwidth. Once the activation voltage of these diodes is exceeded, the capacitive elements of this filter are shorted, allowing energy to pass with significantly less attenuation. By preferentially attenuating low-power transients, this device can suppress the temporal artifacts associated with the time reversal process. An experimental demonstration of this device is performed using a reverberant cavity as a passive delay line network. Measured outputs from this cavity are used as inputs to a simulated array of Vivaldi antennas to demonstrate the proposed improvement in beamforming. C1 [Wall, Walter S.; Hong, Sun K.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wall, WS (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM walter.wall@nrl.navy.mil; sun.hong@nrl.navy.mil RI Hong, Sun/E-9597-2014 OI Hong, Sun/0000-0003-4417-8727 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1225 EI 1548-5757 J9 IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR JI IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. PY 2014 VL 13 BP 1337 EP 1340 DI 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2337015 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA CC3WU UT WOS:000350282600024 ER PT S AU Mahadik, NA Stahlbush, RE Nath, A Tadjer, MJ Imhoff, EA Feygelson, BN Nipoti, R AF Mahadik, N. A. Stahlbush, R. E. Nath, A. Tadjer, M. J. Imhoff, E. A. Feygelson, B. N. Nipoti, R. BE Okumura, H Harima, H Kimoto, T Yoshimoto, M Watanabe, H Hatayama, T Matsuura, H Funaki, T Sano, Y TI Post-Growth Reduction of Basal Plane Dislocations by High Temperature Annealing in 4H-SiC Epilayers SO SILICON CARBIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS 2013, PTS 1 AND 2 SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM) CY SEP 29-OCT 04, 2013 CL Miyazaki, JAPAN SP Japan Soc Appl Phys, Res Inst Appl Sci, Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers, Inst Elect Engineers Japan, Ceram Soc Japan, Surface Sci Soc Japan, Japanese Asso Crystal Growth, Vacuum Soc Japan, MITSUBISHI ELECT CORP, Cree Inc, TOKYO ELECTRON LTD, SICC Sci & Technol Co Ltd, AIXTRON SE, Infineon Technologies, Amer Elements, Lasertec Corp, MIYAZAKI CONVENT & VISITORS BUREAU, Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol Int, Exchange Program, Commemorat Org Japan World Exposit 70, Murata Sci Fdn, Inoue Fdn Sci, Kyoto Inst Technol Int Exchange Promot Fund, Fdn Promot Mat Sci & Technol Japan, Telecommunicat Advancement Fdn, Tateisi Sci & Technol Fdn, Panasoic Corp, Sumitomo Elect Ind Ltd, Dow Corning Corp, DENSO CORP, Toyota Motor Corp, Honda R&D Co Ltd, Hitachi Chem Co Ltd, SHOWA DENKO K K, Fuji Elect Co Ltd, TOSHIBA CORP, Hitachi Ltd, ROHM Co Ltd, SHINDENGEN ELECT MFG CO LTD, SICOXS CORP, Sumitomo Corp, SANKEN ELECT CO LTD DE Basal Plane Dislocations Elimination; High temperature annealing; Defect reduction ID STACKING-FAULT FORMATION; SIC PIN DIODES; DEGRADATION; GROWTH; PROPAGATION; DEFECTS AB Basal Plane Dislocations (BPD) were reduced in 4H-SiC epilayers by high temperature annealing in the range of 1600 degrees C to 1950 degrees C using two annealing techniques. Samples annealed at > 1750 degrees C showed almost complete elimination of BPDs propagating from the substrate. However, surface morphology was degraded for microwave annealed samples above 1800 degrees C, with new BPDs being generated from the surface. A new capping technique was developed along with application of high N-2 overpressure to preserve the surface morphology and avoid formation of new BPDs. C1 [Mahadik, N. A.; Stahlbush, R. E.; Tadjer, M. J.; Imhoff, E. A.; Feygelson, B. N.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nath, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Nipoti, R.] CNR, IMM, Bologna, Italy. RP Mahadik, NA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mahadik@ccs.nrl.navy.mil; stahlbush@nrl.navy.mil; anindya.nath@gmail.com; marko.tadjer.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; gene.imhoff@nrl.navy.mil; boris.feygelson@nrl.navy.mil; nipoti@bo.imm.cnr.it RI Nipoti, Roberta/N-6162-2014 OI Nipoti, Roberta/0000-0002-8019-9149 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2014 VL 778-780 BP 324 EP + DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.778-780.324 PG 2 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Crystallography; Materials Science GA BA5GD UT WOS:000336634100076 ER PT S AU Rodriguez-Seda, EJ AF Rodriguez-Seda, Erick J. GP IEEE TI Decentralized Trajectory Tracking with Collision Avoidance Control for Teams of Unmanned Vehicles with Constant Speed SO 2014 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference CY DEC 04-06, 2014 CL Portland, OR SP American Automat Control Council, Boeing, GE Global Res, Honeywell, MathWorks, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, National Instruments, Bosch Grp, dSPACE, Eaton, Elsevier, Inst Engn Technol, Maplesoft Engn Solut, Quanser, Soc Ind Appl Math, Springer, Taylor & Francis Grp, Journal Franklin Inst, Visual Solut, Wiley, Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, Dept Mech & Proc Engn ID MULTIVEHICLE SYSTEMS; ROBOTS; MOTION AB In this paper, we present a decentralized trajectory tracking control with collision avoidance for an arbitrarily large group of heterogeneous, nonholonomic vehicles. We consider vehicles with different constant speeds and bounded turning rates (e. g., airplanes), for which their avoidance maneuverability is limited. The proposed controller is divided in two parts: an auxiliary system and a local heading control. The auxiliary system is in charge of guiding the vehicle toward the desired trajectory while guaranteeing collision avoidance with other agents at all times. The local heading control is designed such that the vehicle remains continuously within a bounded, short distance of the auxiliary system. To enforce the convergence of the vehicles to a proximity of their desired trajectories and avoid deadlocks (a common issue within most decentralized navigation methods), an alternative discontinuous control strategy is presented. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed control strategy. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Rodriguez-Seda, EJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Weap & Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM rodrigue@usna.edu NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4799-3274-0 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2014 BP 1216 EP 1223 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BB8EX UT WOS:000346492601126 ER PT S AU Boucher, R Kang, W Gong, Q AF Boucher, Randy Kang, Wei Gong, Qi GP IEEE TI Galerkin Optimal Control for Constrained Nonlinear Problems SO 2014 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference CY DEC 04-06, 2014 CL Portland, OR SP American Automat Control Council, Boeing, GE Global Res, Honeywell, MathWorks, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, National Instruments, Bosch Grp, dSPACE, Eaton, Elsevier, Inst Engn Technol, Maplesoft Engn Solut, Quanser, Soc Ind Appl Math, Springer, Taylor & Francis Grp, Journal Franklin Inst, Visual Solut, Wiley, Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, Dept Mech & Proc Engn DE Constrained optimal control; Galerkin; pseudospectral AB A new numerical technique is presented for solving optimal control problems. This paper introduces a direct method that calculates optimal trajectories by discretizing the system dynamics using Galerkin numerical techniques and approximates the cost function with quadrature. We show that a weak enforcement of boundary conditions leads to improved solution accuracies. Also, we show that the Galerkin optimal control method has the potential to reduce the dimension of multi-scale problems. Using two examples, the Galerkin method described in this paper is shown to be more accurate than some existing methods. C1 [Boucher, Randy; Kang, Wei] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. RP Boucher, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM rboucher@nps.edu; wkang@nps.edu; qigong@soe.ucsc.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4799-3274-0 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2014 BP 2432 EP 2437 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BB8EX UT WOS:000346492603001 ER PT S AU Feemster, M AF Feemster, Matthew GP IEEE TI Jitter Reduction in a Directed Energy Application using RISE SO 2014 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference CY DEC 04-06, 2014 CL Portland, OR SP American Automat Control Council, Boeing, GE Global Res, Honeywell, MathWorks, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, National Instruments, Bosch Grp, dSPACE, Eaton, Elsevier, Inst Engn Technol, Maplesoft Engn Solut, Quanser, Soc Ind Appl Math, Springer, Taylor & Francis Grp, Journal Franklin Inst, Visual Solut, Wiley, Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, Dept Mech & Proc Engn ID ADAPTIVE-CONTROL; ASYMPTOTIC TRACKING; SYSTEMS; LASER AB In this paper, a control methodology that utilizes the robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) is employed for disturbance rejection in a directed energy platform experiencing jitter to promote beam regulation on a target. The RISE technique offers the advantage of requiring less restriction/knowledge on/of the disturbance signal (e.g., structure and/or frequency) while providing asymptotic beam tracking. Simulation and experimental results on a small directed energy platform are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Feemster, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM feemster@usna.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4799-3274-0 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2014 BP 2451 EP 2455 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BB8EX UT WOS:000346492603004 ER PT S AU Dawkins, JJ AF Dawkins, Jeremy J. GP IEEE TI Model Based Off-Road Terrain Profile Estimation SO 2014 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference CY DEC 04-06, 2014 CL Portland, OR SP American Automat Control Council, Boeing, GE Global Res, Honeywell, MathWorks, Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab, National Instruments, Bosch Grp, dSPACE, Eaton, Elsevier, Inst Engn Technol, Maplesoft Engn Solut, Quanser, Soc Ind Appl Math, Springer, Taylor & Francis Grp, Journal Franklin Inst, Visual Solut, Wiley, Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, Dept Mech & Proc Engn AB This paper investigates a method for estimating an off-road terrain profile using a vehicle suspension model. An augmented state Kalman filter (ASKF) is presented as a means to estimate the unknown inputs of the 7-DOF full suspension model. The Weierstrass-Mandelbrot function was used to generate a fractal terrain surface for a vehicle simulation. The terrain surface was used with Carsim in a simulation to test the proposed estimation method. To further validate the method an experimental study was conducted on an off-road terrain. A Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor was used to measure the terrain profile. Global positioning system (GPS), inertial navigation sensors (INS) and suspension deflection sensors were used to as measurements to the ASKF. It is shown that the terrain profile can be estimated as the input to the 7-DOF suspension model. The method is effective at capturing the low frequency content of the profile while some of the higher frequency content cannot be recovered. C1 US Naval Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Dawkins, JJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Weap & Syst Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM dawkins@usna.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4799-3274-0 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2014 BP 2792 EP 2797 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BB8EX UT WOS:000346492603059 ER PT S AU Giammarco, K Auguston, M Baldwin, WC Crump, J Farah-Stapleton, M AF Giammarco, Kristin Auguston, Mikhail Baldwin, W. Clifton Crump, Ji'on Farah-Stapleton, Monica BE Dagli, CH TI Controlling Design Complexity with the Monterey Phoenix Approach SO COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Conquering Complexity - Challenges and Opportunities CY NOV 03-05, 2014 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Missouri Univ Sci & Technol DE architecture; formal methods; Monterey Phoenix; behavior modeling; scenario generation; system of systems; complex systems AB As system designs grow ever more complex, our ability to assimilate, process, and then make equally complex decisions is challenged to keep pace. Intricate relationships within each system, among interoperating systems, and between each system and the external elements of its environment are themselves challenged by the sheer number of moving pieces. The actual number of permutations of configurations and possible behaviors for our systems now far exceeds that which a human is capable of predicting without automated assistance. This paper demonstrates how the Monterey Phoenix (MP) approach can be used to decompose a complex problem into smaller, more manageable models. When taken separately (using human cognition), these models are easier to read and write, and when taken together (using automation), they increase awareness of the possible behaviors that are latent in a design, so that many more use cases can be exposed. Additionally, this paper utilizes a commercial flight scenario to provide an example of how a manually crafted, moderately complex activity model can be restructured into smaller, separate models that are simpler to work with, and that expose additional behavior in simulation, which is not present in the original activity model. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Giammarco, Kristin; Auguston, Mikhail; Farah-Stapleton, Monica] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Baldwin, W. Clifton; Crump, Ji'on] FAA, Pomona, CA USA. RP Giammarco, K (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM kmgiamma@nps.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2014 VL 36 BP 204 EP + DI 10.1016/j.procs.2014.09.080 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC1CI UT WOS:000349978000026 ER PT S AU Safier, PN Moskowitz, IS AF Safier, Pedro N. Moskowitz, Ira S. BE Dagli, CH TI Network traffic anomalies, natural language processing, and random matrix theory SO COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Conquering Complexity - Challenges and Opportunities CY NOV 03-05, 2014 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Missouri Univ Sci & Technol DE Computer Networks; Traffic Anomaly Detection; Random Matrix Theory; Natural Language Processing AB Random Matrix Theory (RAIT) is an important tool for detecting correlations in multidimensional time series, such as stock market price histories, and origin-destination flows in data networks. We review the basic theoly and propose two novel applications: the detection of traffic anomalies in data networks and natural language processing. For traffic anomalies the advantage of this approach is that training sets are not necessary. In the case of natural language processing, our approach is a refinement of the standard Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). We will demonstrate applications to real traffic from a data network, and present the use in Natural Language Processing. Directions for future work will be discussed. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Safier, Pedro N.] S&J Solut LLC, 107 S West St PMB 509, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. [Moskowitz, Ira S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Safier, PN (reprint author), S&J Solut LLC, 107 S West St PMB 509, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. EM pedro-safier@sj-solutions.com NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2014 VL 36 BP 401 EP + DI 10.1016/j.procs.2014.09.012 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC1CI UT WOS:000349978000052 ER PT S AU Young, BW Green, JM AF Young, Bonnie W. Green, John M. BE Dagli, CH TI Achieving a Decision Paradigm for Distributed Warfare Resource Management SO COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS SE Procedia Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Conquering Complexity - Challenges and Opportunities CY NOV 03-05, 2014 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Missouri Univ Sci & Technol DE distributed warfare resources; collaborative systems-of-systems; decision paradigm; resource management; operational effectiveness; measures of effectiveness; decision confidence AB The ability to optimally manage distributed warfare assets for collaborative operation significantly increases our military advantage. The primary results include enhanced situational awareness and improvements in fire control, engagement support, operational planning, combat reaction times, threat prioritization, and the list continues. Bettering the use of sensors and weapons in concert with one another-effectively creating a system of distributed systems-provides major payoffs. The effectiveness of managing distributed resources depends on the ability to make complex decisions [1]. The complexity is due in part to the circuitous nature of fusing data from multiple sensor sources to provide a representation of the operational environment from which to redirect sensors for further information optimization and from which to base military operations. The "goodness" of such complex decisions depends on the "goodness" of the information available and the understanding of the situation from a "big picture" perspective. This paper explores distributed resource management (RM) from a decision-based perspective. With an objective of enabling a collaborative system of systems (SoS), a systems approach is proposed to implement a decision paradigm that extends from system conception to operations. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Young, Bonnie W.; Green, John M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Young, BW (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-0509 J9 PROCEDIA COMPUT SCI PY 2014 VL 36 BP 432 EP 439 DI 10.1016/j.procs.2014.09.017 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BC1CI UT WOS:000349978000056 ER PT S AU Zhuang, X Sing, MLC Dolabdjian, C Finkel, P Li, JF Viehland, D AF Zhuang Xin Sing, Lam Chok Marc Dolabdjian, Christophe Finkel, Peter Li Jie Fang Viehland, Dwight BE Hristoforou, E Vlachos, DS TI Investigations on the equivalent magnetic noise of Magneto(Elasto)Electric sensors by using modulation techniques SO MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS FOR SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS III SE Key Engineering Materials LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Materials and Applications for Sensors and Transducers (IC-MAST) CY SEP 13-17, 2013 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC DE ME; magnetic noise; non-linearity; modulation ID COMPOSITES AB The equivalent magnetic noise of the magnetoelectric (ME) layered composite sensors has been investigated for various modulation techniques. The ME thin film response to an electric modulation or a magnetic modulation can be sensed by using either a charge amplifier or a coil wound around the sample and then demodulated by a synchronous detector. The equivalent magnetic noise for these excitations methods has been compared. As expected, the low-frequency fluctuations can be lowered when the magnetoelectric sensor is operated in a modulation mode. Results show that these methods can give the same level of equivalent magnetic noise for a certain strain-excitation. In theory, mechanical noise appears as the only dominant noise source after the demodulation process in the case of a certain strong amplitude excitation carrier signal. By using these modulation techniques, an equivalent magnetic noise level of 10-100 pT/root Hz at 1 Hz was achieved with DC capability. C1 [Zhuang Xin; Sing, Lam Chok Marc; Dolabdjian, Christophe] Normandie Univ, Caen, France. [Finkel, Peter] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Li Jie Fang; Viehland, Dwight] Virginia Tech, Mat Sci & Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Zhuang, X (reprint author), Normandie Univ, Caen, France. EM xin.zhuang@unicaen.fr; marc.lam@ensicaen.fr; christophe.dolabdjian@unicaen.fr; peter.finkel@navy.mil; jiefang@mse.vt.edu; viehland@mse.vt.edu FU Office of Naval Research. FX This work is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1013-9826 BN 978-3-03835-051-4 J9 KEY ENG MATER PY 2014 VL 605 BP 344 EP 347 DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.605.344 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BB9BF UT WOS:000348035600085 ER PT J AU O'Brien, TD AF O'Brien, Timothy D. TI Prospects for the Study of Robert Frost SO RESOURCES FOR AMERICAN LITERARY STUDY LA English DT Article ID FROST,ROBERT AB Though questions about the place of Robert Frost in the canon of American literature endure, he remains a fascinating poet and public figure whose accessibility and inscrutability will surely engage the next generation of scholars, whether their approach is biographical, cultural, or theoretical. The scattering of archival material related to Frost and the hodgepodge of volumes of varying quality containing his letters, talks, and conversations will remain the chief problem for years even though ongoing efforts to consolidate the prose, the notebooks, the letters, and even his talks will mitigate this difficulty. The publication of Frost's letters over the next five years will certainly inspire a new biography, one less vexed than Lawrence Thompson's still-indispensable account. Inquiring scholars still have much to analyze in Frost's individual poems and volumes, not to mention his politics, his status as celebrity, and his relations to both verbal and visual artists. C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP O'Brien, TD (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 113 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU A M S PRESS INC PI BROOKLYN PA BROOKLYN NAVY YARD, 63 FLUSHING AVE, UNIT 221, BROOKLYN, NY 11205-1073 USA SN 0048-7384 J9 RESOUR AM LIT STUD JI Resour. Am. Lit. Study PY 2014 VL 37 BP 3 EP 28 DI 10.7756/rals.037.001.3-28 PG 26 WC Literature, American SC Literature GA CC0DK UT WOS:000350005800001 ER PT S AU Mishra, M Han, X Ayala, DFM Sidoti, D Pattipati, K An, W Klienman, DL AF Mishra, Manisha Han, Xu Ayala, Diego F. M. Sidoti, David Pattipati, Krishna An, Woosun Klienman, David L. BE Batra, U Sujata Arpita TI Multi-Objective Asset Routing Problem within a Dynamic Environment SO SOUVENIR OF THE 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL ADVANCE COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IACC) SE IEEE International Advance Computing Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC) CY FEB 21-22, 2014 CL ITM Univ, Gurgaon, INDIA SP IEEE, ITM Univ, Dept Comp Sci Engn & Informat Technol, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE Student Branch HO ITM Univ DE Time-Dependent Multi-Objective Shortest Path; Mixed integer linear programming ID SHORTEST-PATH PROBLEMS AB Coordination among maritime assets is crucial for reducing task latencies and enabling the effectiveness and success of the mission. Specifically, determining when the assets are dispatched to task locations, optimizing how the assets traverse to the task location, and how much time the assets wait at various intermediate points on the way to task location is a difficult problem due to dynamic and uncertain characteristics of the mission environment. In this paper, motivated by the navy's relevant operational needs to effectively route search assets in a dynamic mission environment, we consider a coordinated asset routing problem within a multi-objective framework allowing for stopping en route. The key objective is to find routes for a set of assets, given the start and end locations, such that the total traversal time, dispatch time and the wait time at each intermediate location is minimized. Given a task graph over Time-dependent Multi-objective (TM) risk maps, we formulate and solve a Time-dependent Multi-objective Shortest Path (TMSP) problem to determine asset routes in a multi-task scenario. We employ the method of compromised solution along with mixed integer linear programming to solve this NP-hard problem. Numerical results are provided by applying our proposed approach to an asset routing mission scenario. C1 [Mishra, Manisha; Han, Xu; Ayala, Diego F. M.; Sidoti, David; Pattipati, Krishna] Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [An, Woosun] SIMNET Co Ltd, Seoul, South Korea. [Klienman, David L.] Naval Post Grad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Mishra, M (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM manisha.uconn@gmail.com FU Aptima, Inc USA; Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-C-0464] FX The research work in this paper was supported by a subcontract from Aptima, Inc., USA, funded under Office of Naval Research contract number N00014-08-C-0464. Any opinions expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors and do not represent those of the sponsor. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-8263 BN 978-1-4799-2571-1 J9 IEEE INT ADV COMPUT PY 2014 BP 79 EP 84 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BC0ZG UT WOS:000349866100014 ER PT S AU Lawson, W Hiatt, L Trafton, JG AF Lawson, Wallace Hiatt, Laura Trafton, J. Gregory GP IEEE TI Leveraging Cognitive Context for Object Recognition SO 2014 IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION WORKSHOPS (CVPRW) SE IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) CY JUN 23-28, 2014 CL Columbus, OH SP CVF, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc ID MEMORY AB Contextual information can greatly improve both the speed and accuracy of object recognition. Context is most often viewed as a static concept, learned from large image databases. We build upon this concept by exploring cognitive context, demonstrating how rich dynamic context provided by computational cognitive models can improve object recognition. We demonstrate the use cognitive context to improve recognition using a small database of objects. C1 [Lawson, Wallace; Hiatt, Laura; Trafton, J. Gregory] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lawson, W (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-7508 BN 978-1-4799-4309-8 J9 IEEE COMPUT SOC CONF PY 2014 BP 387 EP 392 DI 10.1109/CVPRW.2014.63 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BC0TW UT WOS:000349552300060 ER PT S AU Ames, GH Donat, WR AF Ames, Gregory H. Donat, Walter R. BE LopezHiguera, JM Jones, J LopezAmo, M Santos, JL TI Fading Statistics in Rayleigh Interferometric Fiber Sensors SO 23RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON OPTICAL FIBRE SENSORS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors CY JUN 02-06, 2014 CL Santander, SPAIN SP Univ Cantabria, Grupo Ingn Fotonica, SPIE, Opt Soc, IEEE Photon Soc, Japan Soc Appl Phys, EIC, SICE, Gobierno Espana, Gobierno Cantabria, Consejeria Innovac Industria, Turismo & Comercio, Cantabria Infinita, Univ Cantabria, Cantabria Campus Internac, Ayuntamiento Santander, Ayuntamiento Ramales Victoria, COPSESA, OZ Opt Ltd, Bay Spec, Fibersensing, Fibercore Ltd, Bandweaver Technologies Co Ltd, NBG Syst GmbH, Fiberguide Ind Inc, NKT Photon, Innovat Econ, Innovat Photon Technol, Luna, Focus DE distributed sensor; fiber-optic; Rayleigh; interferometer; fading AB Distributed, interferometric, fiber optic sensors based on Rayleigh scattering suffer from random signal level variation (Rayleigh fading). This speckle-like phenomenon is due to the large number of scatterers. Knowledge of the statistical distribution of fading is important to estimate system performance, the likelihood of fading, and to devise strategies to mitigate fading. The distribution has been variously thought to be an exponential or Rayleigh distribution. Modeling shows the fading for the common interrogation schemes that do not use a fixed reference path to be better represented by a Gamma distribution. Laboratory measurements confirm the Gamma-like fading distribution. C1 [Ames, Gregory H.; Donat, Walter R.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Ames, GH (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM Gregory.ames@navy.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-175-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9157 AR 915767 DI 10.1117/12.2059322 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BC0PF UT WOS:000349299300222 ER PT B AU Deng, Y AF Deng, Yong BE Chow, PCY TI The Unwelcome Return: China Reacts to the US Strategic Pivot to Asia SO US STRATEGIC PIVOT TO ASIA AND CROSS-STRAIT RELATIONS: ECONOMIC AND SECURITY DYNAMICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Deng, Y (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-36077-9; 978-1-137-36462-3 PY 2014 BP 79 EP 96 D2 10.1057/9781137360779 PG 18 WC Economics; International Relations SC Business & Economics; International Relations GA BB8XX UT WOS:000347818300007 ER PT J AU Alves, F Grbovic, D Arruda, J Santos, R Karunasiri, G AF Alves, F. Grbovic, D. Arruda, J. Santos, R. Karunasiri, G. GP IEEE TI Improving sensitivity and defying residual stress in MEMS bi-material terahertz sensors with metamaterial structures and self-leveling configuration SO 2014 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETIC MATERIALS IN MICROWAVES AND OPTICS (METAMATERIALS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics (Metamaterials) CY AUG 25-28, 2014 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK AB In this paper we report on techniques to improve sensitivity and reduce the residual stress and its effects on THz MEMS bi-material sensors, using metamaterial structures and self-leveling configurations. Structural metamaterial films made of aluminum and silicon-rich silicon oxide bring the THz absorption close to 100% while making the absorption area relatively flat. Multi-folded bi-material and thermal insulating legs compensate the residual stress of the films, leveling the sensors, making them attractive to be used in THz imaging systems with external optical readout. C1 [Alves, F.; Grbovic, D.; Karunasiri, G.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Alves, F.; Arruda, J.; Santos, R.] Dept Elect Engn, Inst Tecnologico Aeronaut, BR-12228900 Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. RP Alves, F (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fdalves@nps.edu FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development FX This work is supported in part by a grant from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3452-2 PY 2014 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC0JJ UT WOS:000349110600003 ER PT J AU Nuallain, EO Anderson, C AF Nuallain, Eamonn O. Anderson, Christopher GP IEEE TI Real-Time Radio Environment Mapping for Cognitive Radio SO 2014 NATIONAL WIRELESS RESEARCH COLLABORATION SYMPOSIUM (NWRCS 2014) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st National Wireless Research Collaboration Symposium (NWRCS) CY MAY 15-16, 2014 CL Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID SP IEEE Comp Soc, Natl Sci Fdn, IEEE, Idaho State Univ, Eastern Idaho Engn Council, Idaho Acad Sci, Bannock Dev Corp, S2 Corp HO Idaho Natl Lab DE Cognitive Radio; Radio Environment Mapping; Propagation Modeling ID SCATTERING AB In this paper it is proposed that cognitive radios consult with a supporting network infrastructure to provide the means by which Quality of Service and coexistence and can be acheived. The network server would either grant or reject transmission requests by estimating, from the cognitive radio's geo-location, the likely impact its transmission would have on incumbents and other cognitive radio devices. This decision must be based on an accurate real-time Radio Environment Map which is kept up to date by readings from cognitive radios, sensors and dynamic radio propagation prediction. It is concluded that real-time Radio Environment Mapping of signal strength in space, time and frequency will address the most fundamental of cognitive radio's challanges. C1 [Nuallain, Eamonn O.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Anderson, Christopher] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Nuallain, EO (reprint author), Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dublin 2, Ireland. EM eamonn.onuallain@tcd.ie; canserso@usna.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA PY 2014 BP 64 EP + DI 10.1109/NWRCS.2014.16 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BC0LO UT WOS:000349176100011 ER PT B AU Garren, DA AF Garren, David Alan GP IEEE TI Signatures of Braking Surface Targets in Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar SO 2014 SENSOR SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR DEFENCE (SSPD) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Conference of the Sensor Signal Processing for Defence (SSPD) CY SEP 08-09, 2014 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP IEEE, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, Univ Def Res Collaborat Signal Proc, DSTL, Engn & Phys Sci Res Council ID MOVING TARGETS AB This paper examines the signature characteristics in spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data for surface targets that are executing braking maneuvers during the SAR collection. This analysis considers the special case in which the radar sensor is assumed to move with constant speed and heading on a level flight path with broadside imaging geometry. The analysis concentrates on the target migration effects in which the moving target smear exhibits some defocus in the range direction, although much smaller in magnitude than the smearing in the radar crossrange direction. This paper focuses on the case of a target that executes a rapid speed transition by decreasing its speed within the synthetic aperture. The SAR simulations are shown to give signatures that are in agreement with the predicted shapes. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Garren, DA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dagarren@nps.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-5293-9; 978-1-4799-5294-6 PY 2014 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BC0SF UT WOS:000349464000011 ER PT J AU Gibson, BT Lammlein, DH Prater, TJ Longhurst, WR Cox, CD Ballun, MC Dharmaraj, KJ Cook, GE Strauss, AM AF Gibson, B. T. Lammlein, D. H. Prater, T. J. Longhurst, W. R. Cox, C. D. Ballun, M. C. Dharmaraj, K. J. Cook, G. E. Strauss, A. M. TI Friction stir welding: Process, automation, and control SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE Friction stir welding; Manufacturing; Robotics; Automation; Control ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; MATERIAL FLOW; TOOL WEAR; INTERFACIAL STICKING; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; FATIGUE PROPERTY; MAGNESIUM ALLOY; TORQUE CONTROL; SEAM-TRACKING AB This article provides an introduction to the basic principles of friction stir welding (FSW) as well as a survey of the latest research and applications in the field. The basic principles covered include terminology, material flow, joint configurations, tool design, materials, and defects. Material flow is discussed from both an experimental and a modeling perspective. Process variants are discussed as well, which include self-reacting (SR-FSW), stationary shoulder, friction stir processing (FSP), friction stir spot welding (FSSW), assisted FSW, and pulsed FSW. Multiple aspects of robotic friction stir welding are covered, including sensing, control, and joint tracking. Methods of evaluating weld quality are surveyed as well. The latest applications are discussed, with an emphasis on recent advances in aerospace, automotive, and ship building. Finally, the direction of future research and potential applications are examined. (C) 2013 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gibson, B. T.; Cox, C. D.; Ballun, M. C.; Dharmaraj, K. J.; Cook, G. E.; Strauss, A. M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Lammlein, D. H.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Prater, T. J.] United Launch Alliance, Decatur, AL 35601 USA. [Longhurst, W. R.] Austin Peay State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clarksville, TN 37044 USA. RP Gibson, BT (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM brian.t.gibson@vanderbilt.edu RI Gibson, Brian/J-6653-2016 OI Gibson, Brian/0000-0003-4685-3044 NR 252 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 16 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1526-6125 J9 J MANUF PROCESS JI J. Manuf. Process. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 16 IS 1 SI SI BP 56 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2013.04.002 PG 18 WC Engineering, Manufacturing SC Engineering GA CB3YX UT WOS:000349566500004 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Killing bin Laden: A Moral Analysis Introduction SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter AB In this chapter I introduce the main thesis of this book: that Osama bin Laden was morally liable to be killed as a justifiable act of defensive harm. I briefly mention some of the competing accounts that could be offered in defense of the killing and lay out the organization of the remainder of the book. I clarify that I am not making a legal argument for the killing, but am, rather, focusing purely on the moral question of whether killing Osama bin Laden was ethically permissible. I also briefly explain and defend the methodology of contemporary analytic moral philosophy that I use throughout the monograph. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 1 EP + DI 10.1057/9781137434937.0003 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 10 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500001 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Liability to Defensive Harm SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB What do we mean when we claim that someone is morally liable to defensive harm? The concept of liability as I use it in this book is introduced in this chapter, as well as the related constraints of proportionality and necessity. This rights-based account of permissible harm is the predominate theory held by most philosophers working on the topic. I discuss the ways in which people can undertake certain actions such that they can be held morally responsible for unjust threats, and thereby make themselves liable to harm. After providing two cases to explicate the theory, I discuss the two primary conditions that must be met in the case of Osama bin Laden for him to be properly liable to be killed: his own moral responsibility for unjust lethal threats; and, the necessity and proportionality conditions of permissible harm being met for his killing. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 6 EP 13 DI 10.1057/97811374349370004 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 8 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500002 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI The Case of Osama bin Laden SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The book now turns to the details of the Osama bin Laden case itself His life and relevant background details are reviewed, particularly his role in the formation in, and, at the time of his death, his on-going leadership of al-Qaeda. After establishing his background culpability for unjust threats, the raid undertaken by the United States to kill bin Laden is carefully reviewed in detail. The various discrepancies about the raid from among the competing accounts are canvassed and discussed. The resulting picture of the event that we can have the most confidence in is presented, with the aim of including all morally relevant details that could pertain to the possibility of bin Laden's liability. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.1057/9781137434937.0005 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 7 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500003 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Possible Moral Justifications SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB There are many ways one could try to justify the killing of Osama bin Laden. Indeed, in the public square we heard a wide variety of claims regarding the killing: that it was good because a "bad man" was now dead, or that it was a permissible act of enforcing capital punishment, or that it was simply killing a combatant in war, which is permissible under traditional just war theory. In this chapter I show some of the ways these and other justifications for killing Osamu bin Laden fall short. The goal is not to give a complete rebuttal of such approaches, but, rather, to simply show that the rights-based liability account for permissible harm. described in Chapter 1 is far more restrictive than these other competing accounts. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1057/9781137434937.0006 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 6 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500004 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI UBL's Liability to Be Killed SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB In this chapter the book returns to the specifics of the Osama bin Laden raid and investigates whether his case meets the conditions laid out earlier for the liability account of permissible harm. The case, as it turns out, is highly irregular because bin Laden's threat was (primarily) indirectly imposed by the collective agency of al-Qaeda. Moreover, killing bin Laden on the liability account would be a kind of pre-emptive killing. These nonstandard features of the case make meeting the conditions for liability more difficult. However, this chapter argues that, first, these nonstandard aspects do not block liability in principle and that, second, the conditions for liability were in fact met in this case. This is demonstrated through the use of several thought experiments, designed to isolate the various moral aspects involved in the killing of Osama bin Laden. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 27 EP 42 DI 10.1057/9781137434937.0007 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 16 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500005 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Objection: Defensive Killing or Execution? SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Now that the argument has been made that bin Laden was liable to be killed, this chapter addresses a particularly powerful objection against this view. The objection has been strongly given by Noam Chomsky, so it is his articulation of it that is engaged. Namely, the objection claims that the killing was in fact merely an act of revenge, aiming to kill bin Laden as a kind of extrajudicial execution. Moreover, this objection argues that, in the least, bin Laden should have been captured rather than killed. I respond to this objection by arguing that, in fact, the best moral accounting of the killing is on the liability, rights-based approach, not a desert-based model. Therein I contend that bin Laden was properly liable to be killed, not merely captured, because of the unique and extraordinary way in which his capture would have actually exacerbated, rather than thwarted, his unjust threat. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 43 EP 55 DI 10.1057/9781137434937.0008 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 13 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500006 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Sovereignty Issues and Precedent Setting Problems SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB This chapter continues to deal with objections to the claim that the killing of Osama bin Laden was justifiable. Here I address the related worries that the raid itself violated Pakistan's sovereignty and that the killing creates a bad precedent making the killing wrong; all things considered. In response, I concede much of the objection regarding the ways in which the United States engaged their ally on the raid, but discuss the countervailing reasons the United States had to worry about the risk of the mission being compromised were they to partner with Pakistan on the raid. I also discuss the "all things considered" objection and argue that, indeed, the raid was likely more than merely a pro tanto good, given the epistemic constraints in play. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 56 EP 67 DI 10.1057/9781137434937.0009 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 12 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500007 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Celebrating the Killing of a Liable Person SO KILLING BIN LADEN: A MORAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB To conclude the book, this chapter examines the controversy over the celebrations that broke out in the United States in the wake of the announcement of bin Laden's death. I make a distinction between celebrating a person's death itself as opposed to celebrating one's relief that an unjust threat has been thwarted. I offer a case to show that the two types of celebrating may often intermingle and that one's motivation behind any given celebration is what is morally relevant. I conclude with a brief discussion of the actors themselves who carried out the killing. C1 US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43493-7; 978-1-137-44070-9 PY 2014 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.1057/9781137434937.0010 D2 10.1057/9781137434937 PG 7 WC Philosophy; Political Science SC Philosophy; Government & Law GA BB9JG UT WOS:000348362500008 ER PT S AU Mingo, N Stewart, DA Broido, DA Lindsay, L Li, W AF Mingo, N. Stewart, D. A. Broido, D. A. Lindsay, L. Li, W. BE Shinde, SL Srivastava, GP TI Ab Initio Thermal Transport SO LENGTH-SCALE DEPENDENT PHONON INTERACTIONS SE Topics in Applied Physics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID FUNCTIONAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; RANGE COULOMB INTERACTION; PHONON DISPERSIONS; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; SILICON NANOWIRES; HIGH TEMPERATURES; CARBON NANOTUBES; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CONDUCTIVITY AB Ab initio (or first principles) approaches are able to predict materials properties without the use of any adjustable parameters. This chapter presents some of our recently developed techniques for the ab initio evaluation of the lattice thermal conductivity of crystalline bulk materials and alloys, and nanoscale materials including embedded nanoparticle composites. C1 [Mingo, N.; Li, W.] CEA Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Stewart, D. A.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Nanoscale Facil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Broido, D. A.] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Lindsay, L.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Broido, DA (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, 335 Higgins Hall,140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM natalio.mingo@cea.fr; derek.stewart@cornell.edu; broido@bc.edu; lucas.lindsay.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; Wu.LI@cea.fr RI Lindsay, Lucas/C-9221-2012; OI Lindsay, Lucas/0000-0001-9645-7993; Stewart, Derek/0000-0001-7355-2605 NR 123 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 35 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0303-4216 BN 978-1-4614-8651-0; 978-1-4614-8650-3 J9 TOP APPL PHYS JI Top. Appl. Phys. PY 2014 VL 128 BP 137 EP 173 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8651-0_5 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-8651-0 PG 37 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA BC0CN UT WOS:000348907900006 ER PT S AU Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N AF Shaikh, Soharab Hossain Saeed, Khalid Chaki, Nabendu BA Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N BF Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N TI Moving Object Detection Using Background Subtraction Introduction SO MOVING OBJECT DETECTION USING BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION SE SpringerBriefs in Computer Science LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Shaikh, Soharab Hossain] Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. [Saeed, Khalid] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Chaki, Nabendu] Univ Calcutta, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Kolkata 700073, W Bengal, India. [Chaki, Nabendu] US Naval Postgrad Sch, PhD Program Software Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Chaki, Nabendu] ACM Profess Chapter, Kolkata, India. RP Shaikh, SH (reprint author), Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5768 BN 978-3-319-07386-6; 978-3-319-07385-9 J9 SPRINGERBRIEF COMPUT PY 2014 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6_1 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BB9DA UT WOS:000348198200001 ER PT S AU Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N AF Shaikh, Soharab Hossain Saeed, Khalid Chaki, Nabendu BA Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N BF Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N TI Moving Object Detection Approaches, Challenges and Object Tracking SO MOVING OBJECT DETECTION USING BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION SE SpringerBriefs in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Shaikh, Soharab Hossain] Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. [Saeed, Khalid] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Chaki, Nabendu] Univ Calcutta, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Kolkata 700073, W Bengal, India. [Chaki, Nabendu] US Naval Postgrad Sch, PhD Program Software Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Chaki, Nabendu] ACM Profess Chapter, Kolkata, India. RP Shaikh, SH (reprint author), Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5768 BN 978-3-319-07386-6; 978-3-319-07385-9 J9 SPRINGERBRIEF COMPUT PY 2014 BP 5 EP 14 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6_2 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BB9DA UT WOS:000348198200002 ER PT S AU Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N AF Shaikh, Soharab Hossain Saeed, Khalid Chaki, Nabendu BA Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N BF Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N TI Moving Object Detection Using Background Subtraction SO MOVING OBJECT DETECTION USING BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION SE SpringerBriefs in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SURVEILLANCE; TRACKING; VIDEO; MODEL C1 [Shaikh, Soharab Hossain] Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. [Saeed, Khalid] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Chaki, Nabendu] Univ Calcutta, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Kolkata 700073, W Bengal, India. [Chaki, Nabendu] US Naval Postgrad Sch, PhD Program Software Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Chaki, Nabendu] ACM Profess Chapter, Kolkata, India. RP Shaikh, SH (reprint author), Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5768 BN 978-3-319-07386-6; 978-3-319-07385-9 J9 SPRINGERBRIEF COMPUT PY 2014 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6_3 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BB9DA UT WOS:000348198200003 ER PT S AU Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N AF Shaikh, Soharab Hossain Saeed, Khalid Chaki, Nabendu BA Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N BF Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N TI Moving Object Detection: A New Approach SO MOVING OBJECT DETECTION USING BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION SE SpringerBriefs in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Shaikh, Soharab Hossain] Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. [Saeed, Khalid] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Chaki, Nabendu] Univ Calcutta, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Kolkata 700073, W Bengal, India. [Chaki, Nabendu] US Naval Postgrad Sch, PhD Program Software Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Chaki, Nabendu] ACM Profess Chapter, Kolkata, India. RP Shaikh, SH (reprint author), Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5768 BN 978-3-319-07386-6; 978-3-319-07385-9 J9 SPRINGERBRIEF COMPUT PY 2014 BP 25 EP 48 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6_4 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BB9DA UT WOS:000348198200004 ER PT S AU Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N AF Shaikh, Soharab Hossain Saeed, Khalid Chaki, Nabendu BA Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N BF Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N TI Databases for Research SO MOVING OBJECT DETECTION USING BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION SE SpringerBriefs in Computer Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Shaikh, Soharab Hossain] Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. [Saeed, Khalid] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Chaki, Nabendu] Univ Calcutta, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Kolkata 700073, W Bengal, India. [Chaki, Nabendu] US Naval Postgrad Sch, PhD Program Software Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Chaki, Nabendu] ACM Profess Chapter, Kolkata, India. RP Shaikh, SH (reprint author), Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5768 BN 978-3-319-07386-6; 978-3-319-07385-9 J9 SPRINGERBRIEF COMPUT PY 2014 BP 49 EP 65 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6_5 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BB9DA UT WOS:000348198200005 ER PT S AU Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N AF Shaikh, Soharab Hossain Saeed, Khalid Chaki, Nabendu BA Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N BF Shaikh, SH Saeed, K Chaki, N TI Moving Object Detection Using Background Subtraction Conclusions SO MOVING OBJECT DETECTION USING BACKGROUND SUBTRACTION SE SpringerBriefs in Computer Science LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Shaikh, Soharab Hossain] Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. [Saeed, Khalid] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland. [Chaki, Nabendu] Univ Calcutta, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Kolkata 700073, W Bengal, India. [Chaki, Nabendu] US Naval Postgrad Sch, PhD Program Software Engn, Monterey, CA USA. [Chaki, Nabendu] ACM Profess Chapter, Kolkata, India. RP Shaikh, SH (reprint author), Bialystok Tech Univ, AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Bialystok, Poland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 2191-5768 BN 978-3-319-07386-6; 978-3-319-07385-9 J9 SPRINGERBRIEF COMPUT PY 2014 BP 67 EP 67 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6_6 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-07386-6 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BB9DA UT WOS:000348198200006 ER PT S AU Myers, JD Frantz, JA Bekele, RY Nguyen, VQ Sanghera, JS AF Myers, Jason D. Frantz, Jesse A. Bekele, Robel Y. Nguyen, Vinh Q. Sanghera, Jas S. BE Eldada, LA Heben, MJ TI Effects of Sputtering Technique on Quaternary Sputtered Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 Films SO THIN FILMS FOR SOLAR AND ENERGY TECHNOLOGY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Thin Films for Solar and Energy Technology VI CY AUG 17-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE CIGS; Sputtering; Quaternary Sputtering; Thin Film; RF Sputtering; DC Sputtering; Photovoltaics ID SOLAR-CELLS; THIN-FILMS; SINGLE-TARGET; EFFICIENCY; ROUTE; ELECTRODEPOSITION; SELENIZATION; FABRICATION; PRECURSORS; DEVICE AB While Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) has established itself as the thin film photovoltaic material of choice with current record efficiencies in excess of 20%, current high-efficiency laboratory-scale fabrication techniques, such as multi-stage evaporation, are ill suited to mass production. Quaternary-sputtering is a promising alternative technique for CIGS deposition, where a single sputtering target made from CIGS itself in the desired stoichiometry is used as the sole deposition source. Devices made using this technique do not require any additional post deposition selenium treatment and have demonstrated peak efficiency in our laboratory in excess of 10%, showing the potential of quaternary sputtering. In an effort to reduce deposition times, we have fabricated films using pulsed DC sputtering, which substantially reduces the substrate time-at-temperature during absorber formation. DC-sputtered films are observed to have reduced surface roughness and different internal morphology from RF-sputtered films, but show increased crystallographic alignment along the (112) plane. DC-sputtered CIGS is thickness-limited to less than 600 nm due to excessive target damage and exhibits power conversion efficiencies of 5-6%. C1 [Myers, Jason D.; Frantz, Jesse A.; Nguyen, Vinh Q.; Sanghera, Jas S.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Bekele, Robel Y.] Univ Res Fdn, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Myers, JD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-204-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9177 AR UNSP 917708 DI 10.1117/12.2062213 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA BC0QO UT WOS:000349362600005 ER PT J AU Boyd, DA Adams, AA Daniele, MA Ligler, FS AF Boyd, Darryl A. Adams, Andre A. Daniele, Michael A. Ligler, Frances S. TI Microfluidic Fabrication of Polymeric and Biohybrid Fibers with Predesigned Size and Shape SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Bioengineering; Issue 83; hydrodynamic focusing; polymer fiber; biohybrid; microfabrication; sheath flow; click chemistry ID NONCIRCULAR CARBON-FIBERS; MICROFIBERS; COMPONENTS; TOOLBOX; DESIGN AB A "sheath" fluid passing through a microfluidic channel at low Reynolds number can be directed around another "core" stream and used to dictate the shape as well as the diameter of a core stream. Grooves in the top and bottom of a microfluidic channel were designed to direct the sheath fluid and shape the core fluid. By matching the viscosity and hydrophilicity of the sheath and core fluids, the interfacial effects are minimized and complex fluid shapes can be formed. Controlling the relative flow rates of the sheath and core fluids determines the cross-sectional area of the core fluid. Fibers have been produced with sizes ranging from 300 nm to similar to 1 mm, and fiber cross-sections can be round, flat, square, or complex as in the case with double anchor fibers. Polymerization of the core fluid downstream from the shaping region solidifies the fibers. Photoinitiated click chemistries are well suited for rapid polymerization of the core fluid by irradiation with ultraviolet light. Fibers with a wide variety of shapes have been produced from a list of polymers including liquid crystals, poly(methylmethacrylate), thiol-ene and thiol-yne resins, polyethylene glycol, and hydrogel derivatives. Minimal shear during the shaping process and mild polymerization conditions also makes the fabrication process well suited for encapsulation of cells and other biological components. C1 [Boyd, Darryl A.; Adams, Andre A.; Daniele, Michael A.; Ligler, Frances S.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] N Carolina State Univ, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ligler, Frances S.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Ligler, FS (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM fsligler@ncsu.edu RI Boyd, Darryl/F-4269-2016 OI Boyd, Darryl/0000-0001-7327-2443 FU National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellows; ONR/NRL Work Units [4286, 9899] FX Darryl A. Boyd and Michael A. Daniele are National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellows. The work was supported by ONR/NRL Work Units 4286 and 9899. The views are those of the authors and do not represent the opinion or policy of the US Navy or Department of Defense. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 19 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JAN PY 2014 IS 83 AR e50958 DI 10.3791/50958 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AZ9DZ UT WOS:000348513500025 PM 24430733 ER PT B AU Sherman, N AF Sherman, Nancy BE Cohen, A TI The Place of Emotions in Kantian Morality SO KANT ON EMOTION AND VALUE SE Philosophers in Depth LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Sherman, Nancy] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Sherman, Nancy] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Sherman, N (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-27665-0; 978-1-137-27664-3 J9 PHILOS DEPTH PY 2014 BP 11 EP 32 D2 10.1057/9781137276650 PG 22 WC Philosophy SC Philosophy GA BB8SM UT WOS:000347411600002 ER PT B AU Gibbons, DE AF Gibbons, Deborah E. BE Grace, M Graen, GB TI FOUNDATIONS FOR CROSS-CULTURAL SUCCESS SO MILLENNIAL SPRING: DESIGNING THE FUTURE OF ORGANIZATIONS SE LMX Leadership Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Cultural predispositions impact our interactions, partnerships, working styles, and modes of organizing. Cultural preferences affect the way we see the world and the way the world sees us. For people who operate in a variety of cultures, success depends on the ability to sustain core values and goals while adapting to local beliefs and practices. In some situations, managers need in-depth understanding of one local culture. In other situations, managers need to work with a variety of international stakeholders, each of whom carries his or her own cultural imprint. Long-term effectiveness across ethnic, religious, or national boundaries requires that leaders and managers develop cultural competencies that will enable them to adapt appropriately. These competencies include the ability to analyze cultural tendencies, resolve human rights issues, and communicate with divergent audiences. Necessary skills include distinguishing between innate-human and cultural factors, interpreting key dimensions of culture, and knowing which kinds of cultural attributes require special attention. Cultural competencies empower organization leaders to build positive partnerships and effective organizational processes in cultures that are not their own. This chapter will help you develop your cultural competencies. Before you reach the final page, you will know more about your cultural predispositions, about managing successfully across cultures, and about helping your organization make a positive impact on its international employees, partners, and communities. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Gibbons, DE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INFORMATION AGE PUBLISHING-IAP PI CHARLOTTE PA PO BOX 79049, CHARLOTTE, NC 28271-7047 USA BN 978-1-62396-744-4; 978-1-62396-745-1 J9 LMX LEADERSH SER PY 2014 BP 147 EP 163 PG 17 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA BB9ER UT WOS:000348240400009 ER PT S AU Delehanty, JB Blanco-Canosa, JB Bradburne, CE Susumu, K Stewart, MH Prasuhn, DE Dawson, PE Medintz, IL AF Delehanty, James B. Blanco-Canosa, Juan B. Bradburne, Christopher E. Susumu, Kimihiro Stewart, Michael H. Prasuhn, Duane E. Dawson, Philip E. Medintz, Igor L. BE Mohseni, H Agahi, MH Razeghi, M TI Controlling the Intracellular Fate of Nano-bioconjugates: Pathways for Realizing Nanoparticle-mediated Theranostics SO BIOSENSING AND NANOMEDICINE VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Biosensing and Nanomedicine VII CY AUG 17-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE nanoparticle; cell-penetrating peptide; targeting; quantum dot; bioconjugation; fluorescence; drug delivery ID QUANTUM DOTS; DELIVERY; PROTEIN; PALMITOYLATION; ORGANELLE; CELLS AB For nanomaterials to realize their full potential in disease diagnosis and drug delivery applications, one must be able to exert fine control over their cellular delivery, localization and long-term fate in biological systems. Our laboratory has been active in developing methodologies for the controlled and site-specific delivery of a range of nanomaterials (e.g., quantum dots, colloidal gold, nematic liquid crystals) for cellular labeling, imaging and sensing. This talk will highlight several examples from these efforts and will demonstrate the use of peptide-and protein-mediated facilitated delivery of nanomaterials to discrete cellular locations including the endocytic pathway, the plasma membrane and the cellular cytosol. The implications of the ability to exert fine control over nanomaterial constructs in biological settings will be discussed with a particular focus on their use in nanoparticle-based theranostics. C1 [Delehanty, James B.; Bradburne, Christopher E.; Stewart, Michael H.; Prasuhn, Duane E.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] Optic Sci Div, US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Blanco-Canosa, Juan B.; Dawson, Philip E.] Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Delehanty, JB (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-193-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9166 AR UNSP 91660A DI 10.1117/12.2064372 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB9AU UT WOS:000348025900005 ER PT S AU Lane, PA Cunningham, PD Melinger, JS Heilweil, EJ AF Lane, Paul A. Cunningham, Paul D. Melinger, Joseph S. Heilweil, Edwin J. BE Kafafi, ZH Lane, PA Samuel, IDW TI Hot photocarrier dynamics in organic solar cells measured by transient absorption and time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy SO ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS XV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Organic Photovoltaics XV CY AUG 19-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE, Aldrich Mat Sci, Polyera Corp DE Organic photovoltaic; Buckminsterfullerene; Phthalocyanine; Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy ID ENERGY-CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; DESIGN RULES; DONORS; STATE; FILM AB We present a study of charge transfer and carrier dynamics in films of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and buckmisnsterfullerene (C-60) by investigated by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy (TRTS). We compare terahertz photoconductivity dynamics in composite and multi-layered films of C-60 and ZnPc. The few picosecond terahertz photoconductivity dynamics arise from autoionization and recombination between C-60 molecules and cooling of hot photocarriers following from charge transfer between C-60 and ZnPc. C1 [Lane, Paul A.; Cunningham, Paul D.; Melinger, Joseph S.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Lane, PA (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-211-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9184 DI 10.1117/12.2062253 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB9BD UT WOS:000348034600003 ER PT S AU Kanaev, AV Hou, W Restaino, SR Matt, S Gladysz, S AF Kanaev, A. V. Hou, W. Restaino, S. R. Matt, S. Gladysz, S. BE Comeron, A Kassianov, EI Schafer, K Picard, RH Stein, K Gonglewski, JD TI Correction methods for underwater turbulence degraded imaging SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XIX AND OPTICS IN ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION AND ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XIX and Optics in Atmospheric Propagation and Adaptive Systems XVII CY SEP 22-25, 2014 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP SPIE DE underwater imaging; imaging through turbulence; adaptive optics; image quality AB The use of remote sensing techniques such as adaptive optics and image restoration post processing to correct for aberrations in a wavefront of light propagating through turbulent environment has become customary for many areas including astronomy, medical imaging, and industrial applications. EO imaging underwater has been mainly concentrated on overcoming scattering effects rather than dealing with underwater turbulence. However, the effects of turbulence have crucial impact over long image-transmission ranges and under extreme turbulence conditions become important over path length of a few feet. Our group has developed a program that attempts to define under which circumstances application of atmospheric remote sensing techniques could be envisioned. In our experiments we employ the NRL Rayleigh-Benard convection tank for simulated turbulence environment at Stennis Space Center, MS. A 5m long water tank is equipped with heating and cooling plates that generate a well measured thermal gradient that in turn produces various degrees of turbulence. The image or laser beam spot can be propagated along the tank's length where it is distorted by induced turbulence. In this work we report on the experimental and theoretical findings of the ongoing program. The paper will introduce the experimental setup, the techniques used, and the measurements made as well as describe novel methods for postprocessing and correction of images degraded by underwater turbulence. C1 [Kanaev, A. V.; Restaino, S. R.] US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hou, W.; Matt, S.] Naval Res Lab, Boulevard, MS 39529 USA. [Gladysz, S.] IOSB, D-76275 Ettlingen, Germany. RP Kanaev, AV (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-305-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9242 AR UNSP 92421P DI 10.1117/12.2066479 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB9HJ UT WOS:000348316100046 ER PT B AU Brocchini, M Russo, A Calantoni, J Reed, AH Postacchini, M Lorenzoni, C Corvaro, S Mancinelli, A Moriconi, G Soldini, L AF Brocchini, M. Russo, A. Calantoni, J. Reed, A. H. Postacchini, M. Lorenzoni, C. Corvaro, S. Mancinelli, A. Moriconi, G. Soldini, L. BE Schleiss, AJ DeCesare, G Franca, MJ Pfister, M TI A natural-scale study of cohesive sediment transport: The Misa River case SO RIVER FLOW 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow) CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND SP Swiss Fed Off Environm, BG Consulting Engineers, Hydro Exploitat SA, E dric ch, IM & IUB Engn, Basler & Hofmann, AquaVis Engn, Met Flow SA, Int Assoc Hydro Environm Engn & Res, Comm Fluvial Hydraul, Stucky, Groupe E, Patscheider Partner, HydroCosmos SA, Kissling Zbinden AG, Ribi SA, Poyry, Swiss Assoc Water Management, Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne, Lab Hydraul Construct HO Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne ID MODEL AB Cohesive sediments play an important role in the riverine and estuarine environments, since they reduce the capacity of predicting both sediment transport and bed morphology. Particles like flocs are typical of such muddy environments. They are generated by the combination of multiple materials like clay minerals, colloidal metals and biopolymers. The floc dynamics is more complex than that of non-cohesive sediments and probably much more interesting, especially in view of their primary role in the transport/deposition of contaminants, due to the ionic charges on the clay surfaces. All these processes span wide ranges of temporal/spatial scales. The EsCoSed Project, a collaborative NICOP Project between the Universita Politecnica delle Marche (Italy), the Naval Research Laboratory (MS, USA) and the Office of Naval Research (USA), aims at undertaking a field- scale experiment in a controlled environment, minimizing the scale effects of laboratory experiments, and at monitoring the physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of both suspended and deposited flocs. In the first phase of the project, both hydrodynamics and bed morphology have been investigated in the most downstream part of Misa River (Senigallia, Italy). Surface flows, flow rates, soil characteristics and river bed elevations were collected in both river, estuary and sea. The preliminary analysis of riverine data reveals that there is a strong interaction between tidal motions, waves/currents coming from the sea with river flow and discharge. This suggests that there is a complex interaction of estuarine hydrodynamics in the most downstream portion of the river, which leads to the generation of areas where sediments will readily be deposited during flocculation (salinity around 0-5 psu) and of deposition regions (salinity larger than 10 psu), i.e. in the final 500 m of the river. C1 [Brocchini, M.; Russo, A.; Postacchini, M.; Lorenzoni, C.; Corvaro, S.; Mancinelli, A.; Moriconi, G.; Soldini, L.] Univ Politecn Marche, Ancona, Italy. [Calantoni, J.; Reed, A. H.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Brocchini, M (reprint author), Univ Politecn Marche, Ancona, Italy. OI Russo, Aniello/0000-0003-3651-8146; Postacchini, Matteo/0000-0002-3208-9922 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4987-0442-7; 978-1-138-02674-2 PY 2014 BP 843 EP 850 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB8SA UT WOS:000347400100105 ER PT S AU Whitener, KE AF Whitener, Keith E., Jr. BE HarperLeatherman, AS Solbrig, CM TI Reversible Graphene Functionalization for Electronic Applications: A Review SO SCIENCE AND FUNCTION OF NANOMATERIALS: FROM SYNTHESIS TO APPLICATION SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Nanoscience Symposium held at the Northeast Regional Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY OCT 23-26, 2013 CL New Haven, CT ID BIRCH REDUCTION; LAYER GRAPHENE; GRAPHITE; OXIDE; HYDROGENATION; FLUORIDE; OXIDATION; FLUORINATION; ALKYLATION AB Covalent attachment of various functional groups to the surface of graphene is a straightforward way to modify its electronic properties. A considerable number of chemical reactions have been developed on graphene, most of which result in permanent modification of the structure of graphene. However, a subset of these reactions are reversible, so that the properties of pristine graphene can be restored. Reversibility of functionalization on graphene has important implications for device design and circuit patterning. Different functionalities change the electronic properties of graphene in different ways, and patterning pristine graphene in a functionalized graphene matrix yields devices with interesting electronic properties. In this review, we examine several partially and fully reversible graphene reactions and their effects on graphene's electronic properties. We also detail useful applications for these reversible reactions. C1 US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Whitener, KE (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM keith.whitener.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3016-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1183 BP 41 EP 54 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BB9UI UT WOS:000348698500003 ER PT S AU Giuliani, JL Thornhill, JW Apruzese, JP Jones, B Harvey-Thompson, AJ Ampleford, DJ Dasgupta, A Jennings, CA Hansen, SB Moore, NW Lamppa, DC Coverdale, CA Cuneo, ME Rochau, GA AF Giuliani, J. L. Thornhill, J. W. Apruzese, J. P. Jones, B. Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Ampleford, D. J. Dasgupta, A. Jennings, C. A. Hansen, S. B. Moore, N. W. Lamppa, D. C. Coverdale, C. A. Cuneo, M. E. Rochau, G. A. BE Sinars, D BottSuzuki, S TI Two Dimensional RMHD Modeling of Effective Ion Temperatures in Recent ZR Argon Experiments SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DENSE Z PINCHES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Dense Z Pinches CY AUG 03-07, 2014 CL Napa, CA SP U S Dept Energy, Off Fus Energy Sci, Sandia Natl Labs, Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Energy Res, Cornell Univ, Alameda Appl Sci Corp ID Z MACHINE AB Radiation magnetohydrodynamic r-z simulations are performed of recent Ar shots on the refurbished Z generator to examine the effective ion temperature as determined from the observed line width of the He-gamma line. While many global radiation properties can be matched to experimental results, the Doppler shifts due to velocity gradients at stagnation cannot reproduce the large experimentally determined width corresponding to an effective ion temperature of 50 keV. Ion viscous heating or magnetic bubbles are considered, but understanding the width remains an unsolved challenge. C1 [Giuliani, J. L.; Thornhill, J. W.; Dasgupta, A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Apruzese, J. P.] Consultant Naval Res Lab Engility Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Jones, B.; Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Ampleford, D. J.; Jennings, C. A.; Hansen, S. B.; Moore, N. W.; Lamppa, D. C.; Coverdale, C. A.; Cuneo, M. E.; Rochau, G. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Giuliani, JL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.giuliani@nrl.navy.mil FU U. S. Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security Administration; Sandia National Laboratories [DE- AC04- 94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi- program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration, under contract DE- AC04- 94AL85000. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1278-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2014 VL 1639 BP 31 EP 34 DI 10.1063/1.4904770 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BB8XE UT WOS:000347724300006 ER PT S AU Apruzese, JP Jones, B Giuliani, JL Ouart, ND Thornhill, JW Harvey-Thompson, AJ Ampleford, DJ Jennings, CA Hansen, SB Moore, NW Lamppa, DC Coverdale, CA Cuneo, ME Rochau, GA AF Apruzese, J. P. Jones, B. Giuliani, J. L. Ouart, N. D. Thornhill, J. W. Harvey-Thompson, A. J. Ampleford, D. J. Jennings, C. A. Hansen, S. B. Moore, N. W. Lamppa, D. C. Coverdale, C. A. Cuneo, M. E. Rochau, G. A. BE Sinars, D BottSuzuki, S TI Diagnostic Constraints on the Amount of Cold Mass in Imploded Argon Pinches on Z SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DENSE Z PINCHES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Dense Z Pinches CY AUG 03-07, 2014 CL Napa, CA SP U S Dept Energy, Off Fus Energy Sci, Sandia Natl Labs, Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Energy Res, Cornell Univ, Alameda Appl Sci Corp ID HELIUM-LIKE; Z MACHINE; RADIATION; PLASMAS AB The refurbished Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories has been successfully configured to drive gas-puff Z pinches. A series of experiments using Ar loads produced K-shell yields of 330 +/- 9% kJ, with highly reproducible K-shell spectra and power pulses. Using spectroscopic and power data, we are able to constrain the properties of both the cold, non-K-shell radiating mass as well as the hot K-shell component of the pinch plasma. As in previous gas-puff shots on the original version of Z, only about 1/4 to 1/3 of the load mass was heated to temperatures sufficient to produce K-shell x-rays. C1 [Apruzese, J. P.] Engility Corp, Naval Res Lab, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Jones, B.; Harvey-Thompson, A. J.; Ampleford, D. J.; Jennings, C. A.; Hansen, S. B.; Moore, N. W.; Lamppa, D. C.; Coverdale, C. A.; Cuneo, M. E.; Rochau, G. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Giuliani, J. L.; Ouart, N. D.; Thornhill, J. W.] Naval Res Lab, Plasma Phys Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Apruzese, JP (reprint author), Engility Corp, Naval Res Lab, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. EM john.apruzese.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU U. S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration FX This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi- program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1278-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2014 VL 1639 BP 39 EP 42 DI 10.1063/1.4904772 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BB8XE UT WOS:000347724300008 ER PT S AU Velikovich, AL Giuliani, JL Zalesak, ST AF Velikovich, A. L. Giuliani, J. L. Zalesak, S. T. BE Sinars, D BottSuzuki, S TI Magnetic Flux and Heat Losses by Diffusive, Advective, and Nernst Effects in MagLIF-Like Plasma SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DENSE Z PINCHES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Dense Z Pinches CY AUG 03-07, 2014 CL Napa, CA SP U S Dept Energy, Off Fus Energy Sci, Sandia Natl Labs, Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Energy Res, Cornell Univ, Alameda Appl Sci Corp AB The MagLIF approach to inertial confinement fusion involves subsonic/isobaric compression and heating of a DT plasma with frozen-in magnetic flux by a heavy cylindrical liner. The losses of heat and magnetic flux from the plasma to the liner are thereby determined by plasma advection and gradient-driven transport processes, such as thermal conductivity, magnetic field diffusion and thermomagnetic effects. Theoretical analysis based on obtaining exact self-similar solutions of the classical collisional Braginskii's plasma transport equations in one dimension demonstrates that the heat loss from the hot plasma to the cold liner is dominated by the transverse heat conduction and advection, and the corresponding loss of magnetic flux is dominated by advection and the Nernst effect. For a large electron Hall parameter omega(e)tau(e) effective diffusion coefficients determining the losses of heat and magnetic flux are both shown to decrease with omega(e)tau(e) as does the Bohm diffusion coefficient, which is commonly associated with low collisionality and two-dimensional transport. This family of exact solutions can be used for verification of codes that model the MagLIF plasma dynamics. C1 [Velikovich, A. L.; Giuliani, J. L.] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zalesak, S. T.] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Velikovich, AL (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM sasha.velikovich@nrl.navy.mil FU National Nuclear Security Administration of DOE FX The authors are grateful to S. A. Slutz, R. A. Vesey, C. A. Jennings, D. B. Sinars, M. E. Cuneo, R. Betti, D. D. Ryutov and T. A. Gardiner for stimulating discussions. This work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration of DOE. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1278-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2014 VL 1639 BP 59 EP 62 DI 10.1063/1.4904777 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BB8XE UT WOS:000347724300013 ER PT S AU Kantsyrev, VL Chuvatin, AS Rudakov, LI Velikovich, AL Shrestha, IK Esaulov, AA Safronova, AS Shlyaptseva, VV Osborne, GC Astanovitsky, AL Weller, ME Stafford, A Schultz, KA Cooper, MC Cuneo, ME Jones, B Vesey, RA AF Kantsyrev, V. L. Chuvatin, A. S. Rudakov, L. I. Velikovich, A. L. Shrestha, I. K. Esaulov, A. A. Safronova, A. S. Shlyaptseva, V. V. Osborne, G. C. Astanovitsky, A. L. Weller, M. E. Stafford, A. Schultz, K. A. Cooper, M. C. Cuneo, M. E. Jones, B. Vesey, R. A. BE Sinars, D BottSuzuki, S TI NEW COMPACT HOHLRAUM CONFIGURATION RESEARCH AT THE 1.7 MA Z-PINCH GENERATOR SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DENSE Z PINCHES SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Dense Z Pinches CY AUG 03-07, 2014 CL Napa, CA SP U S Dept Energy, Off Fus Energy Sci, Sandia Natl Labs, Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Energy Res, Cornell Univ, Alameda Appl Sci Corp DE Z-pinch; hohlraum; planar wire array; planar foils liner; x-ray source; inertial confinement fusion ID ZEBRA GENERATOR; WIRE ARRAYS; PLANAR; RADIATION; UNR; AL AB A new compact Z-pinch x-ray hohlraum design with parallel-driven x-ray sources was experimentally demonstrated in a full configuration with a central target and tailored shine shields (to provide a symmetric temperature distribution on the target) at the 1.7 MA Zebra generator. This presentation reports on the joint success of two independent lines of research. One of these was the development of new sources -- planar wire arrays (PWAs). PWAs turned out to be a prolific radiator. Another success was the drastic improvement in energy efficiency of pulsed-power systems, such as the Load Current Multiplier (LCM). The Zebra/LCM generator almost doubled the plasma load current to 1.7 MA. The two above-mentioned innovative approaches were used in combination to produce a new compact hohlraum design for ICF, as jointly proposed by SNL and UNR. Good agreement between simulated and measured radiation temperature of the central target is shown. Experimental comparison of PWAs with planar foil liners (PFL) - another viable alternative to wire array loads at multi-MA generators show promising data. Results of research at the University of Nevada Reno allowed for the study of hohlraum coupling physics at University-scale generators. The advantages of new hohlraum design applications for multi-MA facilities with W or Au double PWAs or PFL x-ray sources are discussed. C1 [Kantsyrev, V. L.; Shrestha, I. K.; Esaulov, A. A.; Safronova, A. S.; Shlyaptseva, V. V.; Osborne, G. C.; Astanovitsky, A. L.; Weller, M. E.; Stafford, A.; Schultz, K. A.; Cooper, M. C.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Chuvatin, A. S.] Ecole Polytechn, Plasma Phys Lab, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Rudakov, L. I.] Icarus Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA. [Velikovich, A. L.] Naval Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cuneo, M. E.; Jones, B.; Vesey, R. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. RP Kantsyrev, VL (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM victor@unr.edu FU NNSA under DOE [DE- NA- 0001984, DENA0002075] FX Authors would like to thank the NTF technical team and administration for their efforts in Zebra operation. This work was supported by NNSA under DOE Cooperative Agreement DE- NA- 0001984 and in part by DENA0002075. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1278-1 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2014 VL 1639 BP 102 EP 107 DI 10.1063/1.4904787 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BB8XE UT WOS:000347724300023 ER PT J AU Montgomery, MT Smith, RK AF Montgomery, Michael T. Smith, Roger K. TI Paradigms for tropical cyclone intensification SO AUSTRALIAN METEOROLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; VORTEX ROSSBY-WAVES; HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATIONS; SEA INTERACTION THEORY; PART I; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; INTENSITY CHANGES; SPIRAL BANDS; INNER-CORE AB We review the four main paradigms of tropical cyclone intensification that have emerged over the past five decades, discussing the relationship between them and highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. A major focus is on a new paradigm articulated in a series of recent papers using observations and high-resolution, three-dimensional, numerical model simulations. Unlike the three previous paradigms, all of which assumed axial symmetry, the new one recognises the presence of localised, buoyant, rotating deep convection that grows in the rotation-rich environment of the incipient storm, thereby greatly amplifying the local vorticity. It exhibits also a degree of randomness that has implications for the predictability of local asymmetric features of the developing vortex. While surface moisture fluxes are required for intensification, the postulated 'evaporation-wind' feedback process that forms the basis of an earlier paradigm is not. Differences between spin up in three-dimensional and axisymmetric numerical models are discussed also. In all paradigms, the tangential winds above the boundary layer are amplified by the convectively-induced inflow in the lower troposphere in conjunction with the approximate material conservation of absolute angular momentum. This process acts also to broaden the outer circulation. Azimuthally-averaged fields from high-resolution model simulations have highlighted a second mechanism for amplifying the mean tangential winds. This mechanism, which is coupled to the first via boundary-layer dynamics, involves the convergence of absolute angular momentum within the boundary layer, where this quantity is not materially conserved, but where air parcels are displaced much further radially inwards than air parcels above the boundary layer. It explains why the maximum tangential winds occur in the boundary layer and accounts for the generation of supergradient wind speeds there. The boundary layer spin-up mechanism is not unique to tropical cyclones. It appears to be a feature of other rapidly-rotating atmospheric vortices such as tornadoes, waterspouts and dust devils and is manifest as a type of axisymmetric vortex breakdown. The mechanism for spin up above the boundary layer can be captured approximately by balance dynamics, while the boundary layer spin-up mechanism cannot. The spin-up process, as well as the structure of the mature vortex, are sensitive to the boundary-layer parameterisation used in the model. C1 [Montgomery, Michael T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Smith, Roger K.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-80539 Munich, Germany. RP Montgomery, MT (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mtmontgo@nps.edu FU U.S. Office of Naval Research [N00014-03-1-0185]; U.S. Naval Postgraduate School; NOAA's Hurricane Research Division; NSF [ATM 0649944, ATM 0715426, AGS 0733380]; German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [SM 30/23, SM 30/25] FX MTM acknowledges the support of Grant No. N00014-03-1-0185 from the U.S. Office of Naval Research and from the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, NOAA's Hurricane Research Division, NSF ATM 0649944, NSF ATM 0715426 and NSF AGS 0733380. RKS acknowledges previous financial support for hurricane research from the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under grants SM 30/23 and SM 30/25. NR 176 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 9 PU AUSTRALIAN BUREAU METEOROLOGY PI MELBOURNE PA GPO BOX 1289, MELBOURNE, VIC 3001, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-716X J9 AUST METEOROL OCEAN JI Aust. Meteorol. Oceanogr. J. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 1 BP 37 EP 66 PG 30 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA AZ2CL UT WOS:000348042100006 ER PT J AU Akins, RS Krakowiak, P Angkustsiri, K Hertz-Picciotto, I Hansen, RL AF Akins, Roger S. Krakowiak, Paula Angkustsiri, Kathleen Hertz-Picciotto, Irva Hansen, Robin L. TI Utilization Patterns of Conventional and Complementary/Alternative Treatments in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Developmental Disabilities in a Population-Based Study SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE autism; developmental delay; complementary and alternative medicine; gluten-free; casein-free diet; chelation; dietary supplements ID PSYCHOTROPIC MEDICATION USE; ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE; CEREBRAL-PALSY; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; THERAPIES; FAMILIES; STATE AB Objective: To compare the utilization of conventional treatments and utilization of complementary and alternative medicine in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other developmental disabilities (DD). Methods: Participants were 578 children who were part of an ongoing population-based, case-control study of 2- to 5-year olds with ASD, DD, and the general population. Parents completed an interview on past and current services. Results: Four hundred fifty-three children with ASD and 125 DD children were included. ASD families received more hours of conventional services compared with DD families (17.8 vs 11; p < .001). The use of psychotropic medications was low in both groups (approximately 3%). Overall, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use was not significantly different in ASD (39%) versus DD (30%). Hispanic families in both groups used CAM less often than non-Hispanic families. Variables such as level of function, immunization status, and the presence of an identified neurogenetic disorder were not predictive of CAM use. A higher level of parental education was associated with an increased CAM use in ASD and DD. Families who used >20 hours per week of conventional services were more likely to use CAM, including potentially unsafe or disproven CAM. Underimmunized children were marginally more likely to use CAM but not more likely to have received potentially unsafe or disproven CAM. Conclusion: Use of CAM is common in families of young children with neurodevelopmental disorders, and it is predicted by higher parental education and non-Hispanic ethnicity but not developmental characteristics. Further research should address how health care providers can support families in making decisions about CAM use. C1 [Akins, Roger S.; Angkustsiri, Kathleen; Hansen, Robin L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Akins, Roger S.; Krakowiak, Paula; Angkustsiri, Kathleen; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva; Hansen, Robin L.] Univ Calif Davis, MIND Med Invest Neurodev Disorders Inst, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Akins, Roger S.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Pediat, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Krakowiak, Paula] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Div Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Krakowiak, Paula] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Div Environm & Occupat Hlth, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hansen, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, 2825 50th St, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. EM robin.hansen@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES015359, P01 ES11269]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program [R833292, R829388]; UC Davis MIND Institute, University of California, Davis FX Supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01 ES015359, P01 ES11269), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program (R833292 and R829388), and the UC Davis MIND Institute, University of California, Davis. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0196-206X EI 1536-7312 J9 J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR JI J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 35 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Pediatrics GA AZ4WQ UT WOS:000348221600001 PM 24399100 ER PT S AU Jaggard, AD Lutz, N Schapira, M Wright, RN AF Jaggard, Aaron D. Lutz, Neil Schapira, Michael Wright, Rebecca N. BE Lavi, R TI Self-stabilizing Uncoupled Dynamics SO ALGORITHMIC GAME THEORY, SAGT 2014 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory (SAGT) CY SEP 30-OCT 02, 2014 CL Haifa, ISRAEL ID NASH EQUILIBRIUM AB Dynamics in a distributed system are self-stabilizing if they are guaranteed to reach a stable state regardless of how the system is initialized. Game dynamics are uncoupled if each player's behavior is independent of the other players' preferences. Recognizing an equilibrium in this setting is a distributed computational task. Self-stabilizing uncoupled dynamics, then, have both resilience to arbitrary initial states and distribution of knowledge. We study these dynamics by analyzing their behavior in a bounded-recall synchronous environment. We determine, for every "size" of game, the minimum number of periods of play that stochastic (randomized) players must recall in order for uncoupled dynamics to be self-stabilizing. We also do this for the special case when the game is guaranteed to have unique best replies. For deterministic players, we demonstrate two self-stabilizing uncoupled protocols. One applies to all games and uses three steps of recall. The other uses two steps of recall and applies to games where each player has at least four available actions. For uncoupled deterministic players, we prove that a single step of recall is insufficient to achieve self-stabilization, regardless of the number of available actions. C1 [Jaggard, Aaron D.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lutz, Neil; Wright, Rebecca N.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Schapira, Michael] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Jaggard, AD (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM aaron.jaggard@nrl.navy.mil; njlutz@cs.rutgers.edu; schapiram@huji.ac.il; rebecca.wright@rutgers.edu OI Jaggard, Aaron D./0000-0003-0628-4553 FU NSF [CCF-1101690]; ONR FX Research supported in part by NSF Grant No. CCF-1101690 and by ONR. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-662-44803-8; 978-3-662-44802-1 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2014 VL 8768 BP 74 EP 85 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB8RX UT WOS:000347388000007 ER PT J AU Zhu, Q Wang, LM Lin, W Bulterys, M Yang, WJ Sun, DY Cui, ZL Kaplan, J Kleinman, N Wei, XY Chung, J Wang, Z AF Zhu, Qian Wang, Liming Lin, Wen Bulterys, Marc Yang, Wenjie Sun, Dingyong Cui, Zhaolin Kaplan, Jonathan Kleinman, Nora Wei, Xiaoyu Chung, Jessica Wang, Zhe TI Improved Survival with Co-Trimoxazole Prophylaxis among People Living with HIV/AIDS Who Initiated Antiretroviral Treatment in Henan Province, China SO CURRENT HIV RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ART; Co-trimoxazole; HIV; mortality; prophylaxis; survival ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; RAPID SCALE-UP; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; COTE-DIVOIRE; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; PLASMA DONORS; THERAPY; MORTALITY; TRIAL AB Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effect of co-trimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis on mortality reduction among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Henan Province, China. Design: We conducted a retrospective study. Methods: All individuals aged 15 years and older who initiated ART between 2008 and 2010 in Henan Province with completed CTX prophylaxis treatment information were included. The effect of CTX prophylaxis was estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard modeling for mortality at 3-months and 12-months after ART initiation. Results: Overall mortality among patients receiving both ART and CTX was nearly double at 3-months after ART initiation compared with that at 12-months (12.4 per 100 PY vs 6.3 per 100 PY, p<0.01). After adjusting for gender, age, TB history, year of ART initiation and CD4 count at ART initiation, CTX was associated with a significant reduction in 12-month mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44 - 0.95; p = 0.027) compared with persons not receiving CTX. The protective effect was more pronounced in the first 3 months after ART initiation (AHR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32 - 0.89; p = 0.017). Conclusion: CTX prophylaxis together with ART reduced mortality of adult HIV patients during the first 12 months of ART in Henan Province, China. The effect was highest in the first 3 months of ART. CTX should be prescribed to all HIV-infected adults who initiate ART. C1 [Zhu, Qian; Yang, Wenjie; Sun, Dingyong; Cui, Zhaolin] Henan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept AIDS Control & Prevent, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, Peoples R China. [Wang, Liming; Kleinman, Nora; Wei, Xiaoyu; Chung, Jessica] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, China Off, Global AIDS Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Liming] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Ditan Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lin, Wen] Dept Publ Hlth, Cty Santa Clara, Epidemiol & Data Management Unit, San Jose, CA USA. [Bulterys, Marc] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, DHAPP, San Diego, CA USA. [Kaplan, Jonathan] Ctr Global Hlth, CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kleinman, Nora; Chung, Jessica] ASPPH, Washington, DC USA. [Wang, Zhe] Henan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, Peoples R China. RP Wang, Z (reprint author), Henan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 105 Nongye South Rd, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, Peoples R China. EM zhe.1.wang@outlook.com FU Global AIDS Program China Office of U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U2GPS001188] FX There are no conflicts of interest. The Global AIDS Program China Office of U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided funding for the study, project number is 5U2GPS001188. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1570-162X EI 1873-4251 J9 CURR HIV RES JI Curr. HIV Res. PY 2014 VL 12 IS 5 BP 359 EP 365 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AY3FD UT WOS:000347469000006 PM 25426939 ER PT S AU Coleman, JO AF Coleman, Jeffrey O. GP IEEE TI Integer-Coefficient FIR Filter Sharpening for Equiripple Stopbands and Maximally Flat Passbands (Invited Paper) SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (ISCAS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) CY JUN 01-05, 2014 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE AB Linear-phase FIR filters with deep, equiripple stopbands are constructed using Chebyshev polynomials to sharpen short linear-phase subfilters. The Chebyshev recursion yields a natural implementation structure using only local interconnections between subfilter copies. Small-integer coefficients often suffice for the subfilters, because of their shallow stopbands, and power-of-two coefficients often suffice for the sharpening structure. Included are several passband-flattening techniques, most of which also use only small-integer coefficients. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Coleman, JO (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0271-4302 BN 978-1-4799-3432-4 J9 IEEE INT SYMP CIRC S PY 2014 BP 1604 EP 1607 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB8EW UT WOS:000346488600404 ER PT J AU Stout, BJ AF Stout, Brian Justin TI A dynamical Shafarevich theorem for twists of rational morphisms SO ACTA ARITHMETICA LA English DT Article DE arithmetic dynamics; twists of rational morphisms; good reduction C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Mathema, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Stout, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Mathema, Chauvenet Hall, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM stout@usna.edu FU NSF [DMS-0739346] FX The author would like to thank Clayton Petsche for his guidance over the last several years and for his generous friendship. Furthermore, he would like to thank the referee for his constructive comments and insights. He would also like to thank Lucien Szpiro, Victor Kolyvagin, and Ken Kramer for their support under NSF grant DMS-0739346. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST MATHEMATICS-IMPAN PI WARSZAWA PA 8 SNIADECKICH ST, PL 00 656 WARSZAWA, POLAND SN 0065-1036 EI 1730-6264 J9 ACTA ARITH JI Acta Arith. PY 2014 VL 166 IS 1 BP 69 EP 80 DI 10.4064/aa166-1-6 PG 12 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AY1PF UT WOS:000347364000006 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, JM AF Fitzgerald, Jill M. TI ANGELUS PACIS: A LITURGICAL MODEL FOR THE MASCULINE 'FAELE FRIDOWEBBA' IN CYNEWULF'S ELENE SO MEDIUM AEVUM LA English DT Article ID OLD-ENGLISH POETRY; ENGEL-DRYHTNES; 'ELENE'; DREAM C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Fitzgerald, JM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY MEDIEVAL LANGUAGE LITERATURE PI OXFORD PA C/O HISTORY FACULTY, UNIV OXFORD GEORGE ST, OXFORD OX1 2RL, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0025-8385 J9 MEDIUM AEVUM JI Medium Aevum PY 2014 VL 83 IS 2 BP 189 EP 209 PG 21 WC Medieval & Renaissance Studies SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA AX7YY UT WOS:000347128700001 ER PT S AU Boucher, R Kang, W Gong, Q AF Boucher, Randy Kang, Wei Gong, Qi GP IEEE TI Discontinuous Galerkin Optimal Control for Constrained Nonlinear Problems SO 11TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL AND AUTOMATION (ICCA) SE IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation ICCA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th IEEE International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA) CY JUN 18-20, 2014 CL Taichung, TAIWAN SP IEEE Control Syst Soc, Minist Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Bur Foreign Trade, Natl Chi Nan Univ, Asian Control Assoc, IEEE Control Syst Chapter, Chinese Automat Control Soc, IEEE, Natl Chung Hsing Univ DE Constrained optimal control; Galerkin; pseudospectral AB A new numerical technique is presented for solving optimal control problems. This paper introduces a direct method that calculates optimal trajectories by discretizing the system dynamics using Galerkin numerical techniques and approximates the cost function with quadrature. We show that for bang-bang optimal control problems, discontinuous element-based Galerkin techniques lead to improved solution accuracies. Also, we show that the Galerkin optimal control method has the potential to reduce the dimension of multi-scale problems. Using two examples, the Galerkin method described in this paper is shown to be a very accurate and highly versatile method. C1 [Boucher, Randy; Kang, Wei] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Gong, Qi] Univ Calif, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Boucher, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM rboucher@nps.edu; wkang@nps.edu; qigong@soe.ucsc.edu FU U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1948-3449 BN 978-1-4799-2837-8 J9 IEEE INT CONF CON AU PY 2014 BP 84 EP 89 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BB8FJ UT WOS:000346501200015 ER PT S AU Farrell, AC Senanayake, P Hung, CH Currie, M Huffaker, DL AF Farrell, Alan C. Senanayake, Pradeep Hung, Chung-Hong Currie, Marc Huffaker, Diana L. GP IEEE TI Reflection Spectromicroscopy for the Design of Nanopillar Optical Antenna Detectors SO 2014 72ND ANNUAL DEVICE RESEARCH CONFERENCE (DRC) SE IEEE Device Research Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 72nd Annual Device Research Conference (DRC) CY JUN 22-25, 2014 CL Univ Calif, Santa Barbara, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devices Soc HO Univ Calif C1 [Farrell, Alan C.; Senanayake, Pradeep; Hung, Chung-Hong; Huffaker, Diana L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Currie, Marc] Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif Nano Syst Ins, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Farrell, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM acfarrell@ucla.edu NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1548-3770 BN 978-1-4799-5406-3 J9 IEEE DEVICE RES CONF PY 2014 BP 175 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB8CE UT WOS:000346309800081 ER PT S AU Carroll, TL Rachford, FJ AF Carroll, Thomas L. Rachford, Frederic J. GP IEEE TI Target Identification Based on State Space Analysis SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat ID RADAR; NOISE AB A signal reflected from a radar target is modified according to the impulse response function of the target. This interaction may be thought of as a linear filter acting on the incident signal. Filters are not exactly invertible, which means that there is no continuous function between the filter output and its input. Likewise, there is no invertible function between the outputs of 2 different filters driven by the same signal, so there is no function between the responses of 2 different targets illuminated by the same incident signal. We apply a statistic from nonlinear dynamics that describes the probability that there is a function between 2 signals embedded in state space to develop a similarity statistic between 2 signals reflected from different targets. The similarity statistic describes how similar the targets are to each other. We have tested this similarity statistic with numerical simulations and acoustic experiments. C1 [Carroll, Thomas L.; Rachford, Frederic J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Carroll, TL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 6362, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM thomas.carroll@nrl.navy.mil; frederic.rachford@nrl.navy.mil OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 32 EP 37 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600007 ER PT S AU Crouse, DF AF Crouse, David Frederic GP IEEE TI Cubature Kalman Filters for Continuous-Time Dynamic Models Part I: Solutions Discretizing the Langevin Equation SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat ID SYSTEMS AB The dynamics of many physical systems (maneuvering aircraft, satellites, etc.) are most easily described using nonlinear continuous-time differential equations, to which a stochastic process noise is added to handle unknown perturbations. Often, the magnitude of the process noise in a system depends upon the state, rendering the noise non-additive. This paper presents a variant of the cubature Kalman filter that handles the nonlinear continuous-time dynamics through stochastic discretization of the Langevin equation. A solution based on the Euler-Maruyama expansion for general noise is given, as well as a solution using an order 1.5 stochastic Runge Kutta method for additive noise. Only derivative-free techniques are considered, simplifying the utilizing of the algorithms. Additionally, only square-root filtering techniques are considered to provide good numerical stability. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Crouse, DF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.crouse@nrl.navy.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 169 EP 174 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600035 ER PT S AU Crouse, DF AF Crouse, David Frederic GP IEEE TI Cubature Kalman Filters for Continuous-Time Dynamic Models Part II: A Solution Based on Moment Matching SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat ID STATE ESTIMATION; SYSTEMS AB High-order deterministic Runge-Kutta methods are often used to predict forward continuous-time nonlinear differential equations describing physical systems. However, the stochastic nature of dynamic models in practical systems necessitates other methods for propagating forward the uncertain probability density function of a target state over time. This paper presents a variant of the cubature Kalman filter for nonlinear continuous-time dynamic models that uses a moment matching technique to predict forward the target state and covariance matrix. In this formulation, deterministic Runge-Kutta algorithms can be used for state prediction. Unlike previous work, the formulation presented is derived to handle non-additive process noise. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Crouse, DF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM david.crouse@nrl.navy.mil NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 194 EP 199 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600040 ER PT S AU Sletten, M Brozena, J AF Sletten, Mark Brozena, John GP IEEE TI Detection of Targets Beneath Foliage Using Aspect-Angle Variation of the Polarimetric SAR Response SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat AB This paper summarizes a recent foliage-penetration experiment designed to develop polarimetric SAR algorithms for discriminating between man-made objects and trees. The analytical approach is to exploit differences in the manner in which the polarimetric response of targets differs from that of tree trunks as the aspect angle changes, with the aspect-angle change induced either by flying the SAR through a circle or by building a time sequence of images through sub-aperture processing of data from a linear pass. Our intent is to quantify the polarimetric variation through use of the Cameron decomposition and its associated metric, although other approaches will be investigated as well. This investigation uses a Northrup Grumman Multiband SAR (MBSAR) with the ability to collect sub-meter resolution, polarimetric data, simultaneously in both the L and UHF bands. In June 2013, a field experiment was conducted over a mixed forest in Southern Maryland where a number of canonical targets and vehicles were deployed under the foliage canopy. An array of polarimetric calibration targets was also deployed nearby in an open field. An overview of the experiment is presented in this paper, and the results of an initial analysis of the aspect-angle variation in these data will be presented at the 2014 IEEE National Radar Conference. C1 [Sletten, Mark; Brozena, John] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sletten, M (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mark.sletten@nrl.navy.mil NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 296 EP 297 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600059 ER PT S AU Abramovich, YI Antonio, GS AF Abramovich, Yuri I. Antonio, Geoffrey San GP IEEE TI Regularized Finite-Order Finite-Rank Covariance Matrix Approximation for Adaptive Beamforming in Oversampled 2D HF Antenna Arrays SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat DE adaptive beamforming; over-the-horizon Radar; reduced-rank; aperture varying autoregressive modeling; oversampled arrays ID MULTIVARIATE PARAMETRIC MODELS; STOCHASTIC-CONSTRAINTS METHOD; MAXIMUM-ENTROPY EXTENSIONS; HOT-CLUTTER CANCELLATION; TRAINING APPLICATIONS; BLOCK MATRICES; PART II AB This paper proposes a multi-channel adaptive array spatial covariance matrix estimation technique in which the covariance is modeled as consisting of two complementary components. The first component has finite rank and is meant to capture the low-rank components of the external interference environment. The second component has full rank and corresponds to external noise, but is modeled by a low-order parametric model. In isolation both of these covariance models require relatively low training sample support, comparable to the rank or order. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate that these covariance modeling methods can be applied together as a finite-order finite-rank (FOFR) covariance estimate. This estimate can be used to perform efficient low-loss adaptive beamforming for two-dimensional spatially oversampled high-frequency over-the-horizon radar receive arrays consisting of a large number of sensor elements and limited training sample support. C1 [Abramovich, Yuri I.] WR Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Antonio, Geoffrey San] US Naval Acad, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Abramovich, YI (reprint author), WR Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under an NRL 6.1 Base Program NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 561 EP 566 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600112 ER PT S AU Raj, RG AF Raj, Raghu G. GP IEEE TI DISCRIMINATIVE DICTIONARY LEARNING VIA MUTUAL EXCLUSION SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat DE ATR; discriminative dictionary; mutual exclusivity; sparsity; feature selection AB We apply our recently developed concept of mutual exclusivity [1] in the context of discriminative coding, to the problem of learning dictionary for representing signals drawn from N classes in a way that optimizes their discriminability. We first briefly review our mutual-exclusivity concept and then deploy it a simple discriminative dictionary learning algorithm that directly generalizes the well-known KSVD algorithm which is addressed for the traditional problem of signal coding. We demonstrate performance improvements over traditional KSVD based feature extraction schemes and conclude by describing avenues for future research. C1 US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Raj, RG (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 641 EP 646 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600126 ER PT S AU Garren, DA Pace, PE Romero, RA AF Garren, David A. Pace, Phillip E. Romero, Ric A. GP IEEE TI Use of P3-Coded Transmission Waveforms to Generate Synthetic Aperture Radar Images SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat AB This paper develops methods for using low probability of intercept (LPI) transmission waveforms in order to generate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. This analysis considers a specific transmission waveform based upon P3 codes in order to give phase shift keying (PSK) modulation. A matched correlation receiver is used to form SAR imagery corresponding to the transmitted P3-modulated waveforms. This analysis demonstrates the ability to generate SAR images based upon simulated radar measurements collected by a notional radar platform that can transmit and receive P3 waveforms. This work analyzes the resulting spotlight-mode SAR images that are generated using the P3 transmission waveforms. C1 [Garren, David A.; Pace, Phillip E.; Romero, Ric A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Garren, DA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dagarren@nps.edu; pepace@nps.edu; rnromero@nps.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 765 EP 768 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600149 ER PT S AU Ryan, L Jakabosky, J Blunt, SD Allen, C Cohen, L AF Ryan, Lane Jakabosky, John Blunt, Shannon D. Allen, Christopher Cohen, Lawrence GP IEEE TI Optimizing Polyphase-Coded FM Waveforms within a LINC Transmit Architecture SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat AB Linear amplification using nonlinear components (LINC) is a design approach used to mitigate the nonlinear distortion introduced by the transmitter components, particularly the high-power amplifier. This work investigates using the LINC approach in combination with a new polyphase-coded FM (PCFM) waveform optimization strategy to strike a balance between waveform effectiveness, power efficiency, and spectral containment. A hardware-in-the-loop optimization of LINC-PCFM waveforms is employed to enable joint consideration of the transmitter components and the excitation waveforms. C1 [Ryan, Lane; Jakabosky, John; Blunt, Shannon D.; Allen, Christopher] Univ Kansas, Radar Syst Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Ryan, Lane] Honeywell FM&T, Kansas City, MO USA. [Cohen, Lawrence] US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC USA. RP Ryan, L (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Radar Syst Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Honeywell Technical Fellowship Program; Radar Division of US Naval Research Laboratory FX This work was supported in part by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, the Honeywell Technical Fellowship Program, and the Radar Division of the US Naval Research Laboratory. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 835 EP 839 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600163 ER PT S AU Webster, T Higgins, T Shackelford, AK AF Webster, Tegan Higgins, Thomas Shackelford, Aaron K. GP IEEE TI Multistatic Velocity Backprojection for Visualizing Simulated and Experimental Multistatic Radar Data SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat ID MOVING TARGETS; TOMOGRAPHY AB Multistatic Velocity Backprojection (MVBP) is a technique for visualizing multistatic radar data using bistatic range and Doppler information and facilitates the localization of moving targets in a common reference frame. In this paper simulated and experimental passive multistatic radar data are processed using either traditional range-Doppler processing or, in the case of velocity ambiguous targets and high duty cycle and low PRF waveforms, Quasi Fast-Time Matched Filtering (QFTMF). The processed simulated and experimental data are then combined and visualized using MVBP. C1 [Webster, Tegan; Higgins, Thomas; Shackelford, Aaron K.] Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Webster, T (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 968 EP 973 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600190 ER PT S AU Raj, RG Lipps, R Bottoms, AM AF Raj, Raghu G. Lipps, Ronald Bottoms, A. Maitland GP IEEE TI Sparsity-based Image Reconstruction Techniques for ISAR Imaging SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat DE ISAR; Imaging; Sparsity; Motion Compensation; Compressive Sensing AB We present novel techniques for ISAR imaging via a Sparsity-based image reconstruction methodology. The latter offer a distinct advantage of Fourier based reconstruction techniques by offering the flexibility of using different basis functions to represent the underlying scene structure being imaged. We derive our ISAR algorithm in detail and present experimental results on real ISAR data showing its superiority over traditional Fourier based image reconstruction. We also demonstrate how our formulation of the ISAR imaging problem overcomes some of limitations associated previous approaches to CS (Compressive Sensing) based ISAR imaging in the literature. C1 [Raj, Raghu G.; Lipps, Ronald; Bottoms, A. Maitland] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Raj, RG (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 974 EP 979 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600191 ER PT S AU Abramovich, YI Antonio, GS Frazer, GJ Williams, C AF Abramovich, Yuri I. Antonio, Geoffrey San Frazer, Gordon J. Williams, Charles GP IEEE TI Superdirective Mode Selective OTHR with Time-Division MIMO Beamforming SO 2014 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference - From Sensing to Information CY MAY 19-23, 2014 CL Cincinnati, OH SP IEEE, AESS, IEEE Signal Proc Soc, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Antenna Measurement & Tech Assoc, Inst Navigat DE superdirective adaptive beamforming; over-the-horizon Radar; MIMO; oversampled arrays AB This paper proposes superdirective adaptive mode-selective processing in oversampled 2D transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) antenna arrays, enabled by MIMO radar technology, for skywave OTHR applications. The actual reactive power in Tx antenna arrays is controlled by considering two main principles: (1) avoiding extreme steering angles in conventionally beamformed (for a single waveform) sub-arrays and (2) using time-division MIMO waveform sets with no simultaneous transmissions of different (orthogonal) MIMO waveforms from TX array phase centers separated by less than half the radar wavelength. We consider the propagation modes as per [1] to demonstrate the utility of the proposed technique for Tx and Rx antenna arrays with apertures significantly smaller than those introduced in [1]. C1 [Abramovich, Yuri I.] WR Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Antonio, Geoffrey San] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Frazer, Gordon J.; Williams, Charles] ISR Div DSTO, Edinburgh, SA, Australia. RP Abramovich, YI (reprint author), WR Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM yabramovich@wrsystems.com; geoffrey.sanantonio@nrl.navy.mil; gordon.frazer@dsto.defence.gov.au; cgwilliams@opusnet.com.au FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under an NRL 6.1 Base Program NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4799-2035-8 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2014 BP 1384 EP 1389 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BB8EZ UT WOS:000346494600273 ER PT J AU Cooke, SJ Stantchev, GM Antonsen, TM Petillo, JJ Ovtchinnikov, SG Kostas, C Panagos, DN AF Cooke, Simon J. Stantchev, George M. Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr. Petillo, John J. Ovtchinnikov, Serguei G. Kostas, Chris Panagos, Dimitrios N. GP IEEE TI Vacuum Electronic Device Design Using 3D EM-PIC SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE FDTD-PIC; Electromagnetic simulation AB We present new capabilities introduced in the 3D Electromagnetic Particle-in-Cell code Neptune to directly support rapid simulation-based design of a broad range of vacuum electronic devices. C1 [Cooke, Simon J.; Stantchev, George M.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr.] Leidos Corp, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Petillo, John J.; Ovtchinnikov, Serguei G.; Kostas, Chris; Panagos, Dimitrios N.] Leidos Corp, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. RP Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM simon.cooke@nrl.navy.mil RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 9 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100002 ER PT J AU Chemyavskiy, IA Vlasov, AN Abe, DK Levush, B Antonsen, TM AF Chemyavskiy, Igor A. Vlasov, Alexander N. Abe, David K. Levush, Baruch Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr. GP IEEE TI New Modular Implementation of 2D Large-Signal Code and Its Application to the Modeling of Wide Class of TWT Amplifiers SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE linear-beam amplifiers; travelling-wave tube; 2D large-signal code AB We report on the extension and further generalization of two different large-signal models suitable for the 2D modeling of TWTs based on different types of slow-wave structures. The initial implementation of the 2D large-signal codes TESLA-CC and TESLA-FW has been generalized in such way to create a single algorithm with modular extensions that can be applied to the modeling of coupled-cavity or serpentine/folded-waveguide types of slow-wave structures. This new modular code is called TESLA-TWT and, in general, it can be extended in the future to support other types of the slow-wave structures. As a next step, TESLA-TWT has been extended for parallel operation, which makes it perfectly applicable to the modeling of "hybrid" multi-stage devices. C1 [Chemyavskiy, Igor A.; Vlasov, Alexander N.; Abe, David K.; Levush, Baruch] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr.] Leidos Corp, Reston, VA 20190 USA. RP Chemyavskiy, IA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 13 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100004 ER PT J AU Pasour, J Abe, D Nguyen, K Wright, E Pershing, D Balkcum, A Larsen, P Wood, F Myers, R Levush, B AF Pasour, John Abe, David Khanh Nguyen Wright, Edward Pershing, Dean Balkcum, Adam Larsen, Paul Wood, Frank Myers, Robert Levush, Baruch GP IEEE TI Multi-kW Sheet Beam Amplifiers at Ka and W Bands SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE Sheet beam; EIK; coupled-cavity; TWT; millimeter wave; vacuum electronic; amplifier; Neptune AB NRL's unique sheet-beam electron gun, which produces a 3.5-4-A, 0.3 x 4 mm electron beam at similar to 20 kV, has been successfully used to power multi-kW amplifiers at both Ka and W bands. The 94-GHz narrow-band EIK uses a 3-cavity circuit to produce a peak output power of over 7.5 kW, with saturated gain of similar to 35 dB. The Ka-band amplifier uses a double staggered ladder coupled-cavity circuit to achieve a peak output power >10 kW at 34 GHz, with a 3-dB bandwidth of 5 GHz and saturated gain of similar to 15 dB. The performance of both amplifiers is in very good agreement with models and simulations. C1 [Pasour, John; Abe, David; Khanh Nguyen; Wright, Edward; Pershing, Dean; Balkcum, Adam; Larsen, Paul; Wood, Frank; Myers, Robert; Levush, Baruch] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pasour, J (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM john.pasour@nrl.navy.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 19 EP 20 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100007 ER PT J AU Vlasov, AN Chernyavskiy, IA Calame, JP Levush, B Antonsen, TM Legarra, JR AF Vlasov, Alexander N. Chernyavskiy, Igor A. Calame, Jeffrey P. Levush, Baruch Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr. Legarra, James R. GP IEEE TI Drive Induced Oscillations in Coupled Cavity TWTs and Opportunities for Their Control SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE Coupled cavity TWT amplifiers; spurious oscillations; drive induced oscillation AB Results of comprehensive modeling of drive induced oscillation (DIO) excitation in CC-TWTs are presented. For modeling of DIO onset the CC-TWT design code TESLA-CC has been extended to be capable of multi-frequency simulation. The results of TESLA-CC modeling of DIO onset are in reasonable agreement with the measurements. Different techniques for DIO prevention have been studied and compared. It was found that the DIO can be suppressed efficiently by magnetic lossy elements. The results of NRL measurements of magnetic losses in Ba hexaferrites at frequencies above 30 GHz and consequent 3D EM modeling of the coupled cavity structure properties are presented. C1 [Vlasov, Alexander N.; Chernyavskiy, Igor A.; Calame, Jeffrey P.; Levush, Baruch] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr.] Leidos Inc, Reston, VA 20191 USA. [Legarra, James R.] Beam Wave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Vlasov, AN (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU US Office of Nava Research FX This workwas supported by the US Office of Nava Research NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 75 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100032 ER PT J AU Petillo, JJ Panagos, DN Jensen, KL AF Petillo, John J. Panagos, Dimitrios N. Jensen, Kevin L. GP IEEE TI The Modeling and Simulation of Field Emission Array Tips Using the Gun Code Algorithm in MICHELLE SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE Fowler-Nordheim Equation; Richardson Equation; Child-Langmuir Equation; Space Charge; Transit time; Thermal Field Emission; Point Charge Model; MICHELLE AB We report on the incorporation of a model of field emitters (FE) in the MICHELLE Particle-In-Cell (PIC) beam optics code. The FE model is based on a Point Charge Model (PCM) and allows for rapid and analytical representations of tip current, variation, and emission statistics. Its usage enables determining the impact of emission variation on current characteristics and emittance. Rather than cold field emission characterized by the Fowler Nordheim (FN) equation, a General Thermal-Field (GTF) emission model treats warm and hot field emission sources. We discuss convergence characteristics and use of such models in the steady-state gun code algorithm. Specifically, we look at the rate of convergence, ramifications of meshing techniques including unstructured and structured conformal meshes and different field emission tip geometries. C1 [Petillo, John J.; Panagos, Dimitrios N.] Leidos Corp SAIC, 700 Technol Pk Dr, Billerica, MA 01820 USA. [Jensen, Kevin L.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 6843, Washington, DC USA. RP Petillo, JJ (reprint author), Leidos Corp SAIC, 700 Technol Pk Dr, Billerica, MA 01820 USA. EM petilloj@leidos.com; jpanagos@leidos.saic.com; kevin.jensen@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research; Joint Technology Office; Leidos/SAIC IRD FX Work sponsored by: The Office of Naval Research, the Joint Technology Office and Leidos/SAIC IR&D. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 79 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100034 ER PT J AU Pershing, D Nguyen, K Abe, DK Wright, E Larsen, P Pasour, J Cooke, S Balkcum, A Wood, F Myers, R Levush, B AF Pershing, Dean Khanh Nguyen Abe, David K. Wright, Edward Larsen, Paul Pasour, John Cooke, Simon Balkcum, Adam Wood, Frank Myers, Robert Levush, Baruch GP IEEE TI Demonstration of a Wideband 10-kW Ka-Band Sheet Beam TWT Amplifier SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE Amplifier; coupled-cavity; millimeter wave; sheet beam; TWT; vacuum electronics AB A sheet-beam coupled-cavity traveling wave tube has produced over 10 kW of peak power at a center frequency of 34 GHz, with a 3-dB bandwidth of almost 5 GHz. The power of this amplifier is an order of magnitude higher than state-of-the-art conventional amplifiers of comparable frequency, bandwidth, and operating voltage (<20 kV). This unprecedented performance is made possible by a unique, NRL-developed sheet electron beam along with a novel slow-wave interaction structure. High-current, low-voltage operation provides high gain per unit length and allows an interaction structure < 5-cm long to be used to achieve the desired gain of 15 dB at saturation. Measured performance agrees well with 3-D particle-in-cell simulations. C1 [Pershing, Dean; Khanh Nguyen; Wright, Edward; Myers, Robert] Beam Wave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Abe, David K.; Pasour, John; Cooke, Simon; Wood, Frank; Levush, Baruch] US Naval Res Lab, Vacuum Elect Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Larsen, Paul] ANSYS Inc, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Balkcum, Adam] CPI Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Pershing, D (reprint author), Beam Wave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. FU ONR FX This work is supported by ONR. The authors appreciate the expert assistance of Jeremy Hanna and Nelson Blankenship in performing the experimental work. Final assembly of the device was performed at CPI, Palo Alto, and the expertise of the technical staff there is gratefully acknowledged. The authors would also like to thank Dr. L. Ludeking at ATK Mission Research for many useful discussions on MAGIC3D simulations. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 121 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100053 ER PT J AU Levush, B Abe, D Vlasov, A Chemyavskiy, I Cooke, S Pasour, J Legarra, J Pershing, D Nguyen, K Wright, E Hanna, J Garcia, A Kimura, T Lugos, P Meyer, C Ramirez-Aldana, JL Stockwell, B Chernin, D AF Levush, B. Abe, D. Vlasov, A. Chemyavskiy, I. Cooke, S. Pasour, J. Legarra, J. Pershing, D. Nguyen, K. Wright, E. Hanna, J. Garcia, A. Kimura, T. Lugos, P. Meyer, C. Ramirez-Aldana, J. Luis Stockwell, B. Chernin, D. GP IEEE TI Multi-kW 35 GHz TWT Power Booster Development SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE C1 [Levush, B.; Abe, D.; Vlasov, A.; Chemyavskiy, I.; Cooke, S.; Pasour, J.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Legarra, J.; Pershing, D.; Nguyen, K.; Wright, E.; Hanna, J.] Beam Wave Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Garcia, A.; Kimura, T.; Lugos, P.; Meyer, C.; Ramirez-Aldana, J. Luis; Stockwell, B.] Commun & Power Ind, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Chernin, D.] Leidos, Reston, VA USA. RP Levush, B (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX Work supported by the Office of Naval Research NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 125 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100055 ER PT J AU Cook, AM Calame, JP Mahadik, NA AF Cook, Alan M. Calame, Jeffrey P. Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. GP IEEE TI Characterization of MgO-TiO2-based Ceramic Materials at W-band SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE dielectric; millimeter wave; ceramic; TWT AB We report characterization of low-loss MgO-TiO2 system ceramic materials in the 75-110 GHz (W-band) and 0.5-18 GHz frequency ranges. Measurements of the complex permittivity are used to study the dielectric constant, loss tangent, and DC conductivity (low-frequency) behavior of the materials for application in millimeter-wave vacuum electron devices. We investigate the effects of varying ceramic synthesis process parameters on the rf material properties. C1 [Cook, Alan M.; Calame, Jeffrey P.; Mahadik, Nadeemullah A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Cook, AM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 159 EP 160 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100072 ER PT J AU Calame, JP Cook, AM Joye, CD Albright, BS Nguyen, KT Wright, EL Myers, RE Ludeking, L AF Calame, Jeffrey P. Cook, Alan M. Joye, Colin D. Albright, Benjamin S., Jr. Nguyen, Khanh T. Wright, Edward L. Myers, Robert E. Ludeking, Lars GP IEEE TI Dielectric, Serpentine, and Loaded-Helix Slow Wave Structures for W-Band Traveling Wave Tubes SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE TWT; slow wave; dielectric; helix; folded waveguide; serpentine; electron beam; millimeter waves AB Designs and simulated performance for W-band traveling wave tubes are presented for three slow wave structure types (dielectric, serpentine waveguide, and cavity-loaded helix). Output powers are 120 and 245 W at 94 GHz for dielectric and serpentine, respectively, with 5-6 GHz bandwidth (9 GHz in serpentine with equalization). C1 [Calame, Jeffrey P.; Cook, Alan M.; Joye, Colin D.; Albright, Benjamin S., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nguyen, Khanh T.; Wright, Edward L.; Myers, Robert E.] BeamWave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ludeking, Lars] ATKMiss Res, Newington, VA 22122 USA. RP Calame, JP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU US Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the US Office of Naval Research. The authors thank L N. Blankenship Jr. for technical assistance. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 181 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100083 ER PT J AU Nguyen, KT Joye, CD Wright, EL Cook, AM Calame, JP Cooke, S Pershing, D Levush, B Pasour, J Abe, DK AF Nguyen, Khanh T. Joye, Colin D. Wright, Edward L. Cook, Alan M. Calame, Jeffrey P. Cooke, Simon Pershing, Dean Levush, Baruch Pasour, John Abe, David K. GP IEEE TI Design of a 233 GHz High-Gain Single-Stage Hybrid-Serpentine TWT SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE Amplifier; serpentine; TWT; dispersion; high-gain; vacuum electronics; BWO; backward wave; oscillation AB The design of a high-gain single-stage TWT amplifier is presented. This amplifier will be driven by a 124 mA 20 kV electron gun currently under development. Output power is expected to be more than 80 W across the 231.5 - 235 GHz band at 113 mW of input power. Predicted saturated output power is more than 140 W, which can yield 23% overall efficiency with the use of a single-stage depressed collector. C1 [Nguyen, Khanh T.; Wright, Edward L.] Beam Wave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Joye, Colin D.; Cook, Alan M.; Calame, Jeffrey P.; Cooke, Simon; Pershing, Dean; Levush, Baruch; Pasour, John; Abe, David K.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Nguyen, KT (reprint author), Beam Wave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM Khanh.Nguyen@nrl.navy.mil FU US Office of Naval Research FX Funding for this work was provided by the US Office of Naval Research. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 217 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100100 ER PT J AU Joye, CD Cook, AM Calame, JP Nguyen, KT Wright, EL Hanna, JM Pershing, DE Abe, DK AF Joye, Colin D. Cook, Alan M. Calame, Jeffrey P. Nguyen, Khanh T. Wright, Edward L. Hanna, Jeremy M. Pershing, Dean E. Abe, David K. GP IEEE TI Development of a 233 GHz High-Gain Traveling Wave Amplifier SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE Electron tubes; Lithography; Millimeter wave tubes; Millimeter wave amplifiers; Traveling wave tubes AB We present development plans for a 233 GHz, serpentine waveguide vacuum electron amplifier employing an embedded monofilament microfabrication technique based on UV-LIGA. Output power from the circuit is predicted to exceed 140 W in conjunction with a newly developed electron gun at 20 kV and 124 mA. Design, fabrication and integration progress will be discussed. C1 [Joye, Colin D.; Cook, Alan M.; Calame, Jeffrey P.; Abe, David K.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 6850,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Nguyen, Khanh T.; Wright, Edward L.; Hanna, Jeremy M.; Pershing, Dean E.] Beam Wave Res Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Joye, CD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 6850,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU US Office of Naval Research FX Funding for this work was provided by the US Office of Naval Research. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 219 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100101 ER PT J AU Pchelnikov, YN Vlasov, AN AF Pchelnikov, Yuriy N. Vlasov, Alexander N. GP IEEE TI Analysis of the TWT Model Based on Two Dielectric Plates SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE dielectric TWT; admittance; sheet electron beam; dispersion; coupling coefficient ID ELECTRON-BEAM AB A TWT, formed by two dielectric plates covered by metal screens and a sheet electron beam (EB), is analyzed. The dispersion characteristics and the coupling coefficient, characterizing the EB interaction effectiveness are calculated for different thickness of the plates and the e-beam tunnel's height. A high value of the coupling coefficient is obtained. C1 [Pchelnikov, Yuriy N.] Pchelnikov Consulting, Cary, NC 27519 USA. [Vlasov, Alexander N.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Pchelnikov, YN (reprint author), Pchelnikov Consulting, Cary, NC 27519 USA. FU U S Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U S Office of Naval Research NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 303 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100124 ER PT J AU Chernyavskiy, IA Vlasov, AN Cooke, SJ Levush, B Antonsen, TM AF Chernyavskiy, Igor A. Vlasov, Alexander N. Cooke, Simon J. Levush, Baruch Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr. GP IEEE TI Using Whole Structure Modes in the Large-signal Modeling of TWTs with Arbitrary Slow-Wave Structures SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL VACUUM ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE SE IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference IVEC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference CY APR 22-24, 2014 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE large-signal model; arbitrary slow-wave structure; whole structure modes AB We describe a new formulation for the electromagnetic fields in an arbitrary slow wave structure that can be used in the 2D large-signal modeling of beam-wave interaction. The main idea is to represent fields in the portions of the structure not occupied by the beam as a superposition of whole structure modes. This approach generalizes that based on circuit models, such as the Curnow model. Our plans include development and implementation of this new formulation in a large-signal code to allow efficient computer modeling of a broad class of microwave amplifiers, especially targeting devices used in the millimeter and sub-millimeter wave-length ranges. C1 [Chernyavskiy, Igor A.; Vlasov, Alexander N.; Cooke, Simon J.; Levush, Baruch] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Antonsen, Thomas M., Jr.] Leidos Corp, Reston, VA 20190 USA. RP Chernyavskiy, IA (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 FU U.S. Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3424-9 J9 IEEE INT VAC ELECT C PY 2014 BP 491 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB7ZW UT WOS:000346166100199 ER PT J AU Cotae, P Regmi, S Moskowitz, IS AF Cotae, Paul Regmi, Suresh Moskowitz, Ira S. GP IEEE TI Non-Data Aided Doppler Shift Estimation for Underwater Acoustic Communication SO 2014 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS (COMM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Communications (COMM) CY MAY 29-31, 2014 CL Bucharest, ROMANIA SP Politehnica Univ Bucharest, Orange, Ericsson, Huawei, Romkatel, IDQ, ITBS, Technol Excellence, Pro Optica, Kapsch, Commun Test Syst, Electronica 2000 Fdn, Acad Stiinte Tehnice, Mil Tech Acad DE Blind Doppler Shift Estimation; Underwater Communication; Autocorrelation; Power Spectral Density (PSD); Periodogram AB In this paper, we investigated different methods for blind Doppler shift estimation and compensation for a single carrier in underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks. We analyzed the data collected from our experiments using non-data aided (blind) techniques such as Power Spectrum Analysis, Autocorrelation, and Squaring Time Phase Recovery methods in order to estimate the Doppler shift in collaborative distributed underwater sensor networks. Detailed experimental and simulated results based on second order cyclostationary features of the received signals are presented. C1 [Cotae, Paul; Regmi, Suresh] Univ Dist Columbia, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Moskowitz, Ira S.] Ctr High Assurance Comp Syst, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Cotae, P (reprint author), Univ Dist Columbia, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM pcotae@udc.edu FU DoD [W911NE- 11- 1- 0144] FX The first two authors thank for the support from the DoD Grant W911NE- 11- 1- 0144 and thank Dr. T. C. Yang for previous discussions and the research environment provided at NRL in Washington DC. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-2385-4 PY 2014 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB7OQ UT WOS:000345844600078 ER PT J AU Leary, DH Li, RW Hamdan, LJ Hervey, WJ Lebedev, N Wang, Z Deschamps, JR Kusterbeck, AW Vora, GJ AF Leary, Dagmar H. Li, Robert W. Hamdan, Leila J. Hervey, W. Judson Lebedev, Nikolai Wang, Zheng Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Kusterbeck, Anne W. Vora, Gary J. TI Integrated metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses of marine biofilm communities SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article DE biofouling; diatoms; metagenome; metaproteome; quantitative proteomics; ship hull ID OCEAN SAMPLING EXPEDITION; COASTAL SURFACE WATERS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; ANTIFOULING COATINGS; SUMMER BACTERIOPLANKTON; MICROBIAL ASSEMBLAGES; ARTIFICIAL SURFACES; SUBMERGED SURFACES; BACTERIAL BIOFILM; EXTRACELLULAR DNA AB Metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses were utilized to determine the composition and function of complex air-water interface biofilms sampled from the hulls of two US Navy destroyers. Prokaryotic community analyses using PhyloChip-based 16S rDNA profiling revealed two significantly different and taxonomically rich biofilm communities (6,942 taxa) in which the majority of unique taxa were ascribed to members of the Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Clostridia. Although metagenomic sequencing indicated that both biofilms were dominated by prokaryotic sequence reads (>91%) with the majority of the bacterial reads belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria, the Ship-1 metagenome harbored greater organismal and functional diversity and was comparatively enriched for sequences from Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and macroscopic eukaryotes, whereas the Ship-2 metagenome was enriched for sequences from Proteobacteria and microscopic photosynthetic eukaryotes. Qualitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metaproteome analyses identified 678 unique proteins, revealed little overlap in species and protein composition between the ships and contrasted with the metagenomic data in that similar to 80% of classified and annotated proteins were of eukaryotic origin and dominated by members of the Bacillariophyta, Cnidaria, Chordata and Arthropoda (data deposited to the ProteomeXchange, identifier PXD000961). Within the shared metaproteome, quantitative O-18 and iTRAQ analyses demonstrated a significantly greater abundance of structural proteins from macroscopic eukaryotes on Ship-1 and diatom photosynthesis proteins on Ship-2. Photosynthetic pigment composition and elemental analyses confirmed that both biofilms were dominated by phototrophic processes. These data begin to provide a better understanding of the complex organismal and biomolecular composition of marine biofilms while highlighting caveats in the interpretation of stand-alone environmental '-omics' datasets. C1 [Leary, Dagmar H.; Hervey, W. Judson; Lebedev, Nikolai; Wang, Zheng; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.; Kusterbeck, Anne W.; Vora, Gary J.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Li, Robert W.] USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hamdan, Leila J.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. RP Vora, GJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM gary.vora@nrl.navy.mil OI Vora, Gary/0000-0002-0657-8597 FU Office of Naval Research via US Naval Research Laboratory [69-P113-11] FX The authors thank Drs Todd DeSantis, Christel Chehoud and the scientists at Second Genome, Inc. for helpful discussions. They would also like to acknowledge DDG CLASS Advocate Brian D. McClain for coordinating the sampling efforts, the Executive Officers of the USS Laboon and USS Bainbridge for their cooperation and assistance and Jeffrey Brown SURF-MEPP CORCON SME. Metaproteomic data deposition to the ProteomeXchange Consortium was facilitated by the PRIDE Team, EMBL-EBI. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research via US Naval Research Laboratory core funds under grant number 69-P113-11. The opinions and assertions contained herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as those of the US Navy, military service at large or the US Government. NR 53 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 47 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 EI 1029-2454 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PY 2014 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1211 EP 1223 DI 10.1080/08927014.2014.977267 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AW1XF UT WOS:000346081200006 PM 25407927 ER PT J AU Luca, F Stanica, P AF Luca, Florian Stanica, Pantelimon TI Equations with arithmetic functions of Pell numbers SO BULLETIN MATHEMATIQUE DE LA SOCIETE DES SCIENCES MATHEMATIQUES DE ROUMANIE LA English DT Article DE Euler function; Pell numbers ID LUCAS AB Here, we prove some diophantine results about the Euler function of Pell numbers and their Pell-Lucas companion sequence. For example, if the Euler function of the nth Pell number P-n or Pell-Lucas companion number Q(n) is a power of 2, then n <= 8. C1 [Luca, Florian] UNAM Juriquilla, Math Inst, Santiago De Queretaro 76230, Queretaro De Ar, Mexico. [Luca, Florian] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Math, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Stanica, Pantelimon] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Appl Math, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Luca, F (reprint author), UNAM Juriquilla, Math Inst, Santiago De Queretaro 76230, Queretaro De Ar, Mexico. EM fluca@matmor.unam.mx; pstanic@nps.edu FU UNAM [PAPIIT IN104512]; Department of the US Navy, ONR-Global [VSP N62909-12-14046]; Marcos Moshinsky fellowship FX This paper was written during a visit of F. L. at the Applied Mathematics Department of Naval Postgraduate School in December, 2012. During the preparation of this paper, F. L. was supported in part by Project PAPIIT IN104512 (UNAM), VSP N62909-12-14046 (Department of the US Navy, ONR-Global) and a Marcos Moshinsky fellowship. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC MATEMATICE ROMANIA PI BUCURESTI 1 PA STR ACADEMIEI 14, BUCURESTI 1, 010014, ROMANIA SN 1220-3874 EI 2065-0264 J9 B MATH SOC SCI MATH JI Bull. Math. Soc. Sci. Math. Roum. PY 2014 VL 57 IS 4 BP 409 EP 413 PG 5 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AW5NZ UT WOS:000346322900007 ER PT J AU Teyhen, D Bergeron, MF Deuster, P Baumgartner, N Beutler, AI de la Motte, SJ Jones, BH Lisman, P Padua, DA Pendergrass, TL Pyne, SW Schoomaker, E Sell, TC O'Connor, F AF Teyhen, Deydre Bergeron, Michael F. Deuster, Patricia Baumgartner, Neal Beutler, Anthony I. de la Motte, Sarah J. Jones, Bruce H. Lisman, Peter Padua, Darin A. Pendergrass, Timothy L. Pyne, Scott W. Schoomaker, Eric Sell, Timothy C. O'Connor, Francis TI Consortium for Health and Military Performance and American College of Sports Medicine Summit: Utility of Functional Movement Assessment in Identifying Musculoskeletal Injury Risk SO CURRENT SPORTS MEDICINE REPORTS LA English DT Review ID CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY; LOWER-EXTREMITY INJURY; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TIBIAL STRESS-FRACTURE; PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME; CHRONIC ANKLE INSTABILITY; DYNAMIC POSTURAL CONTROL; EXCURSION BALANCE TEST; DECREASING LANDING FORCES; CLINICAL-ASSESSMENT TOOL AB Prevention of musculoskeletal injuries (MSKI) is critical in both civilian and military populations to enhance physical performance, optimize health, and minimize health care expenses. Developing a more unified approach through addressing identified movement impairments could result in improved dynamic balance, trunk stability, and functional movement quality while potentially minimizing the risk of incurring such injuries. Although the evidence supporting the utility of injury prediction and return-to-activity readiness screening tools is encouraging, considerable additional research is needed regarding improving sensitivity, specificity, and outcomes, and especially the implementation challenges and barriers in a military setting. If selected current functional movement assessments can be administered in an efficient and cost-effective manner, utilization of the existing tools may be a beneficial first step in decreasing the burden of MSKI, with a subsequent focus on secondary and tertiary prevention via further assessments on those with prior injury history. C1 [Teyhen, Deydre] US Army Baylor Univ, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Bergeron, Michael F.] Sanford USD Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Natl Youth Sports Hlth & Safety Inst, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Deuster, Patricia; O'Connor, Francis] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Consortium Hlth & Mil Performance, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Baumgartner, Neal] Randolph Air Force Base, Headquarters Air Educ & Training Command, Randolph, TX USA. [Beutler, Anthony I.; de la Motte, Sarah J.; Lisman, Peter] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Jones, Bruce H.] US Army Publ Hlth Command, Army Inst Publ Hlth, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Lisman, Peter] Towson Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Towson, MD USA. [Padua, Darin A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Pendergrass, Timothy L.] US Army Med Command, Off Surg Gen, Falls Church, VA USA. [Pyne, Scott W.] US Naval Acad, Team Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Schoomaker, Eric] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Sell, Timothy C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Sports Med & Nutr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Teyhen, D (reprint author), US Army Baylor Univ, 3151 Scott Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM deydre.s.teyhen.mil@mail.mil RI Deuster, Patricia/G-3838-2015 OI Deuster, Patricia/0000-0002-7895-0888 NR 168 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1537-890X EI 1537-8918 J9 CURR SPORT MED REP JI Curr. Sport. Med. Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 13 IS 1 BP 52 EP 63 DI 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000023 PG 12 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA AW6TC UT WOS:000346400200012 PM 24412892 ER PT J AU Choi, SJ Giraldo, FX Kim, J Shin, S AF Choi, S. -J. Giraldo, F. X. Kim, J. Shin, S. TI Verification of a non-hydrostatic dynamical core using the horizontal spectral element method and vertical finite difference method: 2-D aspects SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHODS; ATMOSPHERIC MODEL; EQUATIONS; FORMULATION; SCHEME AB The non-hydrostatic (NH) compressible Euler equations for dry atmosphere were solved in a simplified two-dimensional (2-D) slice framework employing a spectral element method (SEM) for the horizontal discretization and a finite difference method (FDM) for the vertical discretization. By using horizontal SEM, which decomposes the physical domain into smaller pieces with a small communication stencil, a high level of scalability can be achieved. By using vertical FDM, an easy method for coupling the dynamics and existing physics packages can be provided. The SEM uses high-order nodal basis functions associated with Lagrange polynomials based on Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre (GLL) quadrature points. The FDM employs a third-order upwind-biased scheme for the vertical flux terms and a centered finite difference scheme for the vertical derivative and integral terms. For temporal integration, a time-split, third-order Runge-Kutta (RK3) integration technique was applied. The Euler equations that were used here are in flux form based on the hydrostatic pressure vertical coordinate. The equations are the same as those used in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, but a hybrid sigma-pressure vertical coordinate was implemented in this model. We validated the model by conducting the widely used standard tests: linear hydrostatic mountain wave, tracer advection, and gravity wave over the Schar-type mountain, as well as density current, inertia-gravity wave, and rising thermal bubble. The results from these tests demonstrated that the model using the horizontal SEM and the vertical FDM is accurate and robust provided sufficient diffusion is applied. The results with various horizontal resolutions also showed convergence of second-order accuracy due to the accuracy of the time integration scheme and that of the vertical direction, although high-order basis functions were used in the horizontal. By using the 2-D slice model, we effectively showed that the combined spatial discretization method of the spectral element and finite difference methods in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, offers a viable method for development of an NH dynamical core. C1 [Choi, S. -J.; Kim, J.; Shin, S.] Korea Inst Atmospher Predict Syst, Seoul, South Korea. [Giraldo, F. X.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Choi, SJ (reprint author), Korea Inst Atmospher Predict Syst, Seoul, South Korea. EM sj.choi@kiaps.org FU Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA); KIAPS; Office of Naval Research [PE-0602435N]; National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) [121670] FX This work was carried out through the R&D project on the development of global numerical weather prediction systems of the Korea Institute of Atmospheric Prediction Systems (KIAPS) funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). The first author thanks Joseph B. Klemp for sharing his idea for the hybrid sigma-pressure coordinate and also thanks Francis X. Giraldo for his assistance and his MA4245 course at the Naval Postgraduate School, which introduced us to the spectral element method. The second author gratefully acknowledges the support of KIAPS, the Office of Naval Research through program element PE-0602435N, and the National Science Foundation (Division of Mathematical Sciences) through program element 121670. We also thank the reviewers for their constructive suggestions. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 6 BP 2717 EP 2731 DI 10.5194/gmd-7-2717-2014 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AW2TP UT WOS:000346142200012 ER PT J AU Gregoire, KP Glaven, SM Hervey, J Lin, BC Tender, LM AF Gregoire, Kyla P. Glaven, Sarah M. Hervey, Judson Lin, Baochuan Tender, Leonard M. TI Enrichment of a High-Current Density Denitrifying Microbial Biocathode SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS BIOFILMS; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; SOLE ELECTRON-DONOR; FUEL-CELLS; FERROUS IRON; ELECTROSYNTHESIS; TRANSPORT; GROWTH; DENITRIFICATION; CHALLENGES AB The pairing of a nitrate reducingmicrobial biocathode with an organic matter oxidizing microbial bioanode represents a potential high value wastewater treatment methodology. While such bioanodes are relatively optimized, such biocathodes suffer from relatively low current densities and low operating potentials. Here we present enrichment and characterization of a denitrifying microbial biocathode that generates more than 10-fold greater current density per unit geometric surface area and operates at nearly 0.2 V higher than those previously reported. A mixture of aquatic sediments and denitrifying biomass was first enriched for microbes that reduce nitrate with electrons supplied by oxidation of Fe(II), then enriched for microbes that reduce nitrate with electrons supplied by a graphite electrode. The resulting biocathode exhibited a Nernstian current-potential dependency (onset of current at = -0.125 V vs. Ag/AgCl, limiting current density = -3.2 A/m(2)). Non-turnover voltammetry exhibited current peaks that scale with the square root of scan rate, consistent with diffusive electron hopping to microbes acting as nitrate reduction catalysts from the electrode surface via endogenous redox cofactors. In non-optimized electrochemical reactors, the biocathode removed 14-40% of influent NO3-without significant production of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), suggesting that reduction of nitrate to nitric or nitrous oxide gas is occurring and that reduction of NO3 -to NH3 is not a metabolic pathway. Results of 16S rDNA sequencing revealed a predominance of Betaproteobacteria, including Rhodocyclales and Burkholderiales, known environmental nitrogen cyclers, as the potential microbial cathode catalysts. (C) The Author(s) 2014. Published by ECS. All rights reserved. C1 [Gregoire, Kyla P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gregoire, Kyla P.; Glaven, Sarah M.; Hervey, Judson; Lin, Baochuan; Tender, Leonard M.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gregoire, KP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM tender@nrl.navy.mil RI Lin, Baochuan/A-8390-2009 OI Lin, Baochuan/0000-0002-9484-0785 FU US Naval Research Laboratory; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [01566000547]; A. James Clark School of Engineering at UMD FX This work was supported in part by the US Naval Research Laboratory as well as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant #01566000547). K.G. was also supported by a fellowship from the A. James Clark School of Engineering at UMD. We acknowledge utilization of computational resources for bioinformatics via the High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the Naval Research Laboratory. We thank Mark Ramirez and Greg Phillips at DC WATER for assistance with sampling and nutrient analysis. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 54 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2014 VL 161 IS 13 BP H3049 EP H3057 DI 10.1149/2.0101413jes PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA AW0HN UT WOS:000345972200010 ER PT S AU Mastro, MA Anderson, TJ Tadjer, MJ Kub, FJ Hite, JK Kim, J Eddy, CR AF Mastro, Michael A. Anderson, Travis J. Tadjer, Marko J. Kub, Francis J. Hite, Jennifer K. Kim, Jihyun Eddy, Charles R., Jr. BE Eddy, CR Kuball, M Koleske, DD Amano, H TI III-nitride nanowire based light emitting diodes on carbon paper SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 11, NO 3-4 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS) CY AUG 25-30, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Off Naval Res, Army Res Off, Sandia Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Zeiss, Nichia, Laytec, Nitride Semicond Fdn Japan, Aixtron, Osram, Plasma Therm, Crystal IS, Dow Elect Mat DE gallium nitride; light emitting diode; carbon paper; nanowire ID DISTRIBUTED BRAGG REFLECTORS; POLARIZATION AB This article presents the use of flexible carbon substrates for the growth of III-nitride nanowire light emitters. A dense packing of gallium nitride nanowires were grown on a carbon paper substrate. The nanowires grew predominantly along the a-plane direction, normal to the local surface of the carbon paper. Strong photo-and electro-luminescence was observed from InGaN quantum well light emitting diode nanowires. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Mastro, Michael A.; Anderson, Travis J.; Tadjer, Marko J.; Kub, Francis J.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.mastro@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU Office of Naval Research FX Research at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3-4 BP 442 EP 445 DI 10.1002/pssc.201300537 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB7WP UT WOS:000346071300018 ER PT S AU Hite, JK Zoll, R Mastro, MA Eddy, CR AF Hite, Jennifer K. Zoll, Rachel Mastro, Michael A. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. BE Eddy, CR Kuball, M Koleske, DD Amano, H TI Role of growth parameters in equalizing simultaneous growth of N- and Ga-polar GaN by MOCVD SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 11, NO 3-4 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS) CY AUG 25-30, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Off Naval Res, Army Res Off, Sandia Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Zeiss, Nichia, Laytec, Nitride Semicond Fdn Japan, Aixtron, Osram, Plasma Therm, Crystal IS, Dow Elect Mat DE gallium nitride; polarity; MOCVD; growth ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; SAPPHIRE AB In preparing periodically-oriented gallium nitride (PO GaN) samples for optical applications, smooth surfaces are essential. Although post-growth processing of these surfaces is possible, it is challenged by significantly different reactivity of the two polar surfaces. To this end, it would be highly desirable to grow PO GaN structures with smooth surfaces. In this paper, the influence of growth parameters on the morphology of PO GaN structures is investigated. The three primary parameters investigated include the V/III ratio of the gas phase precursors, the nature of the carrier gas, and the geometry of the structure. The V/III ratio was varied from 1100 to 5500. Substitution of N-2 for the standard H-2 carrier gas is investigated. Finally, the effects of changing the structure periodicity from 2 to 100 mu m are studied. Smoother structures (resulting from more equal growth rates of the two polarities) are achieved with increases in V/III ratio, substitution of H-2 with N-2, and by reducing the stripe width. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Hite, Jennifer K.; Mastro, Michael A.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zoll, Rachel] Sci & Engn Apprenticeship Program, Amer Soc Engn Educ, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Hite, JK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jennifer.hite@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU Office of Naval Research FX RZ thanks the American Society for Engineering Education Science and Engineering Apprenticeship Program. Work at the Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3-4 BP 458 EP 461 DI 10.1002/pssc.201300675 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB7WP UT WOS:000346071300022 ER PT S AU Hossain, T Weil, D Nepal, N Garces, NY Hite, JK Meyer, HM Eddy, CR Baker, T Mayo, A Schmitt, J Edgar, JH AF Hossain, T. Weil, D. Nepal, N. Garces, N. Y. Hite, J. K. Meyer, H. M., III Eddy, C. R., Jr. Baker, Troy Mayo, Ashley Schmitt, Jason Edgar, J. H. BE Eddy, CR Kuball, M Koleske, DD Amano, H TI Insulating gallium oxide layer produced by thermal oxidation of gallium-polar GaN SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 11, NO 3-4 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS) CY AUG 25-30, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Off Naval Res, Army Res Off, Sandia Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Zeiss, Nichia, Laytec, Nitride Semicond Fdn Japan, Aixtron, Osram, Plasma Therm, Crystal IS, Dow Elect Mat DE GaN; thermal oxidation; gallium oxide; characterization ID SEMICONDUCTOR; CAPACITORS; NITRIDE; FILM AB The benefits of dry oxidation of n-GaN for the fabrication of metal-oxide-semiconductor structures are reported. GaN thin films grown on sapphire by MOCVD were thermally oxidized for 30, 45 and 60 minutes in a pure oxygen atmosphere at 850 degrees C to produce thin, smooth GaOx layers. The GaN sample oxidized for 30 minutes had the best properties. Its surface roughness (0.595 nm) as measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) was the lowest. Capacitance-voltage measurements showed it had the best saturation in accumulation region and the sharpest transition from accumulation to depletion regions. Under gate voltage sweep, capacitance-voltage hysteresis was completely absent. The interface trap density was minimum (D-it = 2.75x10(10) cm(-2)eV(-1)) for sample oxidized for 30 mins. These results demonstrate a high quality GaOx layer is beneficial for GaN MOSFETs. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Hossain, T.; Weil, D.; Edgar, J. H.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Nepal, N.; Garces, N. Y.; Hite, J. K.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Meyer, H. M., III] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Baker, Troy; Mayo, Ashley; Schmitt, Jason] Nitride Solut, Wichita, KS 67213 USA. RP Hossain, T (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Durland Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM tashvan27@gmail.com RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015; Hossain, Md Tashfin/P-2312-2014 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826; Hossain, Md Tashfin/0000-0001-9030-0901 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3-4 BP 565 EP 568 DI 10.1002/pssc.201300659 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB7WP UT WOS:000346071300049 ER PT S AU da Silva, AF Chubaci, JFD Matsuoka, M Freitas, JA Tischler, JG Baldissera, G Persson, C AF Ferreira da Silva, A. Chubaci, J. F. D. Matsuoka, M. Freitas, J. A., Jr. Tischler, J. G. Baldissera, G. Persson, C. BE Eddy, CR Kuball, M Koleske, DD Amano, H TI Improved theoretical model of InN optical properties SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 11, NO 3-4 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS) CY AUG 25-30, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Off Naval Res, Army Res Off, Sandia Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Zeiss, Nichia, Laytec, Nitride Semicond Fdn Japan, Aixtron, Osram, Plasma Therm, Crystal IS, Dow Elect Mat DE InN; theory; modelling; photoluminescence; ion beam deposition AB The optical properties of InN are investigated theoretically by employing the projector augmented wave (PAW) method within Green's function and the screened Coulomb interaction approximation (GW(o)). The calculated results are compared to previously reported calculations which use local density approximation combined with the scissors-operator approximation. The results of the present calculation are compared with reported values of the InN bandgap and with low temperature near infrared luminescence measurements of InN films deposited by a modified Ion Beam Assisted Deposition technique. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Ferreira da Silva, A.] Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Phys, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Chubaci, J. F. D.; Matsuoka, M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Phys, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Freitas, J. A., Jr.; Tischler, J. G.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Baldissera, G.; Persson, C.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Persson, C.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RP da Silva, AF (reprint author), Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Phys, BR-40210340 Salvador, BA, Brazil. EM ferreira.fis@gmail.com RI Chubaci, Jose Fernando/F-8864-2012 OI Chubaci, Jose Fernando/0000-0002-9268-2410 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3-4 BP 581 EP 584 DI 10.1002/pssc.201300521 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB7WP UT WOS:000346071300053 ER PT S AU Mastro, MA Freitas, JA Hite, JK Eddy, CR AF Mastro, Michael A. Freitas, Jaime A. Hite, Jennifer K. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. BE Eddy, CR Kuball, M Koleske, DD Amano, H TI All-epitaxial fabrication of a nanowire plasmon laser structure SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 11, NO 3-4 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS) CY AUG 25-30, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Off Naval Res, Army Res Off, Sandia Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Zeiss, Nichia, Laytec, Nitride Semicond Fdn Japan, Aixtron, Osram, Plasma Therm, Crystal IS, Dow Elect Mat DE gallium nitride; plasmonic; plasmon laser; MOCVD ID LIGHT EMITTERS; EMISSION AB An all-epitaxial approach was demonstrated to create coaxial plasmon laser structures composed of an aluminum plasmonic metal/SiNx dielectric/InGaN quantum well shell surrounding a p-GaN nanowire core. Strong UV luminescence was observed from as-grown vertically-aligned arrays as well as horizontally-aligned nanowires transferred to a transparent carrier wafer. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Mastro, Michael A.; Freitas, Jaime A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mastro, MA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.mastro@nrl.navy.mil RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3-4 BP 754 EP 757 DI 10.1002/pssc.201300539 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB7WP UT WOS:000346071300095 ER PT S AU Wei, D Hossain, T Nepal, N Garces, NY Hite, JK Meyer, HM Eddy, CR Edgar, JH AF Wei, D. Hossain, T. Nepal, N. Garces, N. Y. Hite, J. K. Meyer, H. M., III Eddy, C. R., Jr. Edgar, J. H. BE Eddy, CR Kuball, M Koleske, DD Amano, H TI Comparison of the physical, chemical and electrical properties of ALD Al2O3 on c- and m-plane GaN SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 11, NO 3-4 SE Physica Status Solidi C-Current Topics in Solid State Physics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS) CY AUG 25-30, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Off Naval Res, Army Res Off, Sandia Natl Lab, Natl Sci Fdn, Zeiss, Nichia, Laytec, Nitride Semicond Fdn Japan, Aixtron, Osram, Plasma Therm, Crystal IS, Dow Elect Mat DE ALD; dielectric; m-plane; GaN AB This study compares the physical, chemical and electrical properties of Al2O3 thin films deposited on gallium polar c- and nonpolar m-plane GaN substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Correlations were sought between the film's structure, composition, and electrical properties. The thickness of the Al2O3 films was 19.2 nm as determined from a Si witness sample by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The gate dielectric was slightly aluminum-rich (Al:O=1:1.3) as measured from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profile, and the oxide-semiconductor interface carbon concentration was lower on c-plane GaN. The oxide's surface morphology was similar on both substrates, but was smoothest on c-plane GaN as determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Circular capacitors (50-300 mu m diameter) with Ni/Au (20/100 nm) metal contacts on top of the oxide were created by standard photolithography and e-beam evaporation methods to form metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs). The alumina deposited on c-plane GaN showed less hysteresis (0.15 V) than on m-plane GaN (0.24 V) in capacitance-voltage (CV) characteristics, consistent with its better quality of this dielectric as evidenced by negligible carbon contamination and smooth oxide surface. These results demonstrate the promising potential of ALD Al2O3 on c-plane GaN, but further optimization of ALD is required to realize the best properties of Al2O3 on m-plane GaN. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Wei, D.; Hossain, T.; Edgar, J. H.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Nepal, N.; Garces, N. Y.; Hite, J. K.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Meyer, H. M., III] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Edgar, JH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Durland Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM edgarjh@k-state.edu RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015; Hossain, Md Tashfin/P-2312-2014 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826; Hossain, Md Tashfin/0000-0001-9030-0901 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PAPPELALLEE 3, W-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1862-6351 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI C PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3-4 BP 898 EP 901 DI 10.1002/pssc.201300677 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB7WP UT WOS:000346071300131 ER PT S AU Esposito, JM Graves, M AF Esposito, Joel M. Graves, Mitchell GP IEEE TI An Algorithm to Identify Docking Locations for Autonomous Surface Vessels from 3-D LiDAR Scans SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRACTICAL ROBOT APPLICATIONS (TEPRA) SE IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA) CY APR 14-15, 2014 CL Woburn, MA SP IEEE DE Unmanned Vehicles; LiDAR; Object Recognition AB In this paper we present a novel algorithm to identify docks (or piers) from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) scans. The algorithm exploits the expected geometric features of the dock and does not require modifying the dock in any way. Our approach consists of a novel combination and application of open source tools for point cloud and image processing. In our limited testing on 8 fused data sets, the algorithm successfully identified a usable portion of all the docks with only one false positive (a seawall). The target application is automated docking (a.k.a. recovery) for small Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs). C1 [Esposito, Joel M.] US Naval Acad, Dept Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Graves, Mitchell] Univ Penn, Grasp Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19130 USA. RP Esposito, JM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Syst Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM esposito@usna.edu; mitchrgraves@gmail.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2325-0526 BN 978-1-4799-4605-1 J9 IEEE INT CONF TECH PY 2014 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Robotics GA BB7LU UT WOS:000345737500025 ER PT J AU Masterson, DM AF Masterson, Daniel M. TI Raul Castro and Cuba: A Military Story. SO AMERICAS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Masterson, Daniel M.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Masterson, DM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD AMER FRANCISCAN HIST PI WEST BETHESDA PA BOX 34440, WEST BETHESDA, MD 20817 USA SN 0003-1615 EI 1533-6247 J9 AMERICAS JI Americas PD JAN PY 2014 VL 70 IS 3 BP 588 EP 589 PG 2 WC History SC History GA AU9CR UT WOS:000345889800023 ER PT J AU Jia, JY Preusse, P Ern, M Chun, HY Gille, JC Eckermann, SD Riese, M AF Jia, J. Y. Preusse, P. Ern, M. Chun, H. -Y. Gille, J. C. Eckermann, S. D. Riese, M. TI Sea surface temperature as a proxy for convective gravity wave excitation: a study based on global gravity wave observations in the middle atmosphere SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE LA English DT Article DE Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics; middle atmosphere dynamics ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MOMENTUM FLUX SPECTRUM; DEEP CONVECTION; DRAG PARAMETERIZATION; CRISTA TEMPERATURES; SABER EXPERIMENT; CLIMATE MODELS; MOUNTAIN WAVES; VHF RADAR; TROPICS AB Absolute values of gravity wave momentum flux (GWMF) deduced from satellite measurements by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument and the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) are correlated with sea surface temperature (SST) with the aim of identifying those oceanic regions for which convection is a major source of gravity waves (GWs). Our study identifies those latitude bands where high correlation coefficients indicate convective excitation with confidence. This is based on a global ray-tracing simulation, which is used to delineate the source and wind-filtering effects. Convective GWs are identified at the eastern coasts of the continents and over the warm water regions formed by the warm ocean currents, in particular the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio. Potential contributions of tropical cyclones to the excitation of the GWs are discussed. Convective excitation can be identified well into the mid-mesosphere. In propagating upward, the centers of GWMF formed by convection shift poleward. Some indications of the main forcing regions are even shown for the upper mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT). C1 [Jia, J. Y.] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Jia, J. Y.; Preusse, P.; Ern, M.; Riese, M.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energie & Klimaforsch Stratosphare, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Chun, H. -Y.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Gille, J. C.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Limb Atmospher Sounding, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Gille, J. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Eckermann, S. D.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Jia, JY (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jiajianying@escience.cn RI Riese, Martin/A-3927-2013; Ern, Manfred/I-8839-2016; Preusse, Peter/A-1193-2013 OI Riese, Martin/0000-0001-6398-6493; Ern, Manfred/0000-0002-8565-2125; Preusse, Peter/0000-0002-8997-4965 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41205064]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD); Korean Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program [CATER_2012-3054] FX The high quality of the SABER data is essential to this study and we thank the SABER team and in particular the PIs James M. Russell III and Martin Mlynczak for their efforts regarding the instrument and data retrieval. The NOAA optimum interpolation (OI) sea surface temperature (SST) version 2 monthly data and Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) version 2.1 precipitation monthly data are provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL Physical Sciences Division, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their website at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. J. Y. Jia was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for young scientists (no. 41205064) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). H.-Y. Chun was supported by the Korean Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under grant CATER_2012-3054. The authors highly appreciate the constructive comments of two anonymous reviewers which largely helped in improving the manuscript. NR 81 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 0992-7689 EI 1432-0576 J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY JI Ann. Geophys. PY 2014 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1373 EP 1394 DI 10.5194/angeo-32-1373-2014 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AU7MQ UT WOS:000345785000001 ER PT J AU Laeng, A Grabowski, U von Clarmann, T Stiller, G Glatthor, N Hopfner, M Kellmann, S Kiefer, M Linden, A Lossow, S Sofieva, V Petropavlovskikh, I Hubert, D Bathgate, T Bernath, P Boone, CD Clerbaux, C Coheur, P Damadeo, R Degenstein, D Frith, S Froidevaux, L Gille, J Hoppel, K McHugh, M Kasai, Y Lumpe, J Rahpoe, N Toon, G Sano, T Suzuki, M Tamminen, J Urban, J Walker, K Weber, M Zawodny, J AF Laeng, A. Grabowski, U. von Clarmann, T. Stiller, G. Glatthor, N. Hoepfner, M. Kellmann, S. Kiefer, M. Linden, A. Lossow, S. Sofieva, V. Petropavlovskikh, I. Hubert, D. Bathgate, T. Bernath, P. Boone, C. D. Clerbaux, C. Coheur, P. Damadeo, R. Degenstein, D. Frith, S. Froidevaux, L. Gille, J. Hoppel, K. McHugh, M. Kasai, Y. Lumpe, J. Rahpoe, N. Toon, G. Sano, T. Suzuki, M. Tamminen, J. Urban, J. Walker, K. Weber, M. Zawodny, J. TI Validation of MIPAS IMK/IAA V5R_O3_224 ozone profiles SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID LIMB EMISSION-SPECTRA; MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER; SATELLITE DATA; POAM-III; SAGE II; RETRIEVAL; ALGORITHM; TEMPERATURE; PRODUCTS; SMILES AB We present the results of an extensive validation program of the most recent version of ozone vertical profiles retrieved with the IMK/IAA (Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research/Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia) MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) research level 2 processor from version 5 spectral level 1 data. The time period covered corresponds to the reduced spectral resolution period of the MIPAS instrument, i.e., January 2005-April 2012. The comparison with satellite instruments includes all post-2005 satellite limb and occultation sensors that have measured the vertical profiles of tropospheric and stratospheric ozone: ACE-FTS, GOMOS, HALOE, HIRDLS, MLS, OSIRIS, POAM, SAGE II, SCIAMACHY, SMILES, and SMR. In addition, balloon-borne MkIV solar occultation measurements and ground-based Umkehr measurements have been included, as well as two nadir sensors: IASI and SBUV. For each reference data set, bias determination and precision assessment are performed. Better agreement with reference instruments than for the previous data version, V5R_O3_220 (Laeng et al., 2014), is found: the known high bias around the ozone vmr (volume mixing ratio) peak is significantly reduced and the vertical resolution at 35 km has been improved. The agreement with limb and solar occultation reference instruments that have a known small bias vs. ozonesondes is within 7% in the lower and middle stratosphere and 5% in the upper troposphere. Around the ozone vmr peak, the agreement with most of the satellite reference instruments is within 5 %; this bias is as low as 3% for ACE-FTS, MLS, OSIRIS, POAM and SBUV. C1 [Laeng, A.; Grabowski, U.; von Clarmann, T.; Stiller, G.; Glatthor, N.; Hoepfner, M.; Kellmann, S.; Kiefer, M.; Linden, A.; Lossow, S.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol IMK KIT, Inst Meteorol & Klimaforsch, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Coheur, P.; McHugh, M.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Chim Quant & Photophys, Brussels, Belgium. [Rahpoe, N.; Weber, M.] Univ Bremen, Inst Umweltphys, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Froidevaux, L.; Toon, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Boone, C. D.; Walker, K.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Sofieva, V.; Tamminen, J.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Damadeo, R.; Zawodny, J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Clerbaux, C.] Univ Versailles St Quentin, Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, CNRS INSU,LATMOS IPSL, Versailles, France. [Clerbaux, C.] ULB, Brussels, Belgium. [Bathgate, T.; Degenstein, D.] Univ Saskatchevan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Frith, S.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. [Gille, J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kasai, Y.] NICT, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan. [Sano, T.; Suzuki, M.] JAXA, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Urban, J.] Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Petropavlovskikh, I.] NOAA, Boulder, CO USA. [Hubert, D.] Belgian Inst Space Aeron BIRA IASB, Brussels, Belgium. [Lumpe, J.] Computat Phys Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Hoppel, K.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Bernath, P.] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Laeng, A (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol IMK KIT, Inst Meteorol & Klimaforsch, Karlsruhe, Germany. EM alexandra.laeng@kit.edu RI Sofieva, Viktoria/E-1958-2014; Bernath, Peter/B-6567-2012; Hopfner, Michael/A-7255-2013; Weber, Mark/F-1409-2011; Tamminen, Johanna/D-7959-2014; clerbaux, cathy/I-5478-2013; OI Sofieva, Viktoria/0000-0002-9192-2208; Bernath, Peter/0000-0002-1255-396X; Hopfner, Michael/0000-0002-4174-9531; Weber, Mark/0000-0001-8217-5450; Tamminen, Johanna/0000-0003-3095-0069; Hubert, Daan/0000-0002-4365-865X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Canadian Space Agency; Sweden (SNSB); Canada (CSA); Finland (TEKES); France (CNES); European Space Agency; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology FX Part of this work was done in the framework of Ozone_cci Project by the European Space Agency. MIPAS level 1 data are provided by the European Space Agency. Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory was performed under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The ACE mission is supported primarily by the Canadian Space Agency. Odin is a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by Sweden (SNSB), Canada (CSA), Finland (TEKES), and France (CNES), with support by the third party mission programme of the European Space Agency. The SMILES mission is a joint project of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT). Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory was performed under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.r We acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Open Access Publishing Fund of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 9 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 11 BP 3971 EP 3987 DI 10.5194/amt-7-3971-2014 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AU7LB UT WOS:000345781000027 ER PT S AU Abramovich, YI San Antonio, G AF Abramovich, Yuri I. San Antonio, Geoffrey GP IEEE TI Over-the-Horizon Radar Potential Signal Parameter Estimation Accuracy in Harsh Sensing Environments SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (ICASSP) SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) CY MAY 04-09, 2014 CL Florence, ITALY SP IEEE DE Interference; over-the-horizon Radar; parameter estimation; harsh sensing environment; Cramer-Rao bounds ID NOISE AB Modern high frequency (HF) over-the-horizon Radar's (OTHR's) that perform parametric sensing over a huge coverage of several million square kilometers operate in harsh sensing environments consisting of strong interference and clutter. The highly dynamic nature of such an environment governed by harsh ionosphere propagation conditions and a highly occupied HF spectrum mandate the application of adaptive signal processing architectures enabled by the emerging direct digital receiver technology. In this paper, we investigate the potential accuracy of OTHR signal parameter estimation, in particular, direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of target returns and/or HF signals masked by both interference and background noise. Recently, the concept of two-dimensional (2D) receive arrays has been introduced for skywave OTHR, along with a more accurate model of the background noise spatial distribution. In this prior work it was shown that with 2D spatial sampling, the external background noise covariance is no longer white. In this paper we introduce the Cramer-Rao bound for angle estimates using an arbitrary array geometry and arbitrary known colored noise spatial covariance. We will show through numerical simulation that improved DOA performance is possible with 2D array geometries that provide both improved signal-to-external noise ratio and more highly curved array manifolds. The particular array geometries discussed exploit the colored noise spatial covariance. C1 [Abramovich, Yuri I.] WR Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [San Antonio, Geoffrey] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Abramovich, YI (reprint author), WR Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. FU Office of Naval Research under an ONR 6.1 Base Program FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research under an ONR 6.1 Base Program NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4799-2893-4 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2014 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BB5BJ UT WOS:000343655300162 ER PT S AU Kintzley, K Jansen, A Hermansky, H AF Kintzley, Keith Jansen, Aren Hermansky, Hynek GP IEEE TI FEATHERWEIGHT PHONETIC KEYWORD SEARCH FOR CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (ICASSP) SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) CY MAY 04-09, 2014 CL Florence, ITALY SP IEEE DE point process model; spoken term detection; score normalization; compact speech indexing AB The point process model (PPM) for keyword search is a phonetic event-driven approach that provides a whole-word focused alternative to fast lattice matching techniques. Recent efforts in PPMs have been focused on improved model estimation techniques and efficient search algorithms, but past evaluations have been limited to searching relatively easy scripted corpora for simple unigram queries, preventing comprehensive benchmarking against standard search methods. In this paper, we present techniques for score normalization and the processing of multi-word and out of training query terms as required by the 2006 NIST Spoken Term Detection (STD) evaluation, permitting the first comprehensive benchmark of PPM search technology against state-of-the-art word and phonetic-based search systems. We demonstrate PPM to be the fastest phonetic system while posting accuracies competitive with the best phonetic alternatives. Moreover, index construction time and size are better than any keyword search system entered in the NIST evaluation. C1 [Kintzley, Keith; Jansen, Aren; Hermansky, Hynek] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Kintzley, K (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4799-2893-4 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2014 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BB5BJ UT WOS:000343655307180 ER PT S AU Wagner, KT Doroslovacki, MI AF Wagner, Kevin T. Doroslovacki, Milos I. GP IEEE TI COMBINATION COEFFICIENTS FOR FASTEST CONVERGENCE OF DISTRIBUTED LMS ESTIMATION SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING (ICASSP) SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP) CY MAY 04-09, 2014 CL Florence, ITALY SP IEEE DE Adaptive filtering; convergence; distributed algorithms; least mean square algorithms ID ADAPTATION; NETWORKS AB Diffusion strategies for learning across networks which minimize the transient regime mean-square deviation across all nodes are presented. The problem of choosing combination coefficients which minimize the mean-square deviation at all given time instances results in a quadratic program with linear constraints. The implementation of the optimal procedure is based on the estimation of weight deviation vectors for which an algorithm is proposed. Additionally, the optimization that uses relaxed constraints is considered. The proposed methods were validated through simulations for different estimation distribution strategies and input signals. The results show a potential for significant improvement of the convergence speed. C1 [Wagner, Kevin T.] Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wagner, KT (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4799-2893-4 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2014 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BB5BJ UT WOS:000343655307051 ER PT S AU Papantonakis, MR Furstenberg, R Nguyen, V Moser, A Kendziora, CA McGill, RA AF Papantonakis, Michael R. Furstenberg, Robert Viet Nguyen Moser, Alex Kendziora, Christopher A. McGill, R. Andrew BE Colbert, FP Hsieh, SJ TI Infrared imaging analysis of ballistic impacts of composite armor materials SO THERMOSENSE: THERMAL INFRARED APPLICATIONS XXXVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Thermosense - Thermal Infrared Applications XXXVI CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Ballistics; infrared imaging; Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene; failure mechanisms AB The impact of a ballistic projectile on fiber-reinforced composite panel results in a sequence of events which damage the panel, almost all of which result in the generation of heat. We use infrared cameras to spatially and temporally resolve the heat generated during impact and penetration of composite panels of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene using several ballistic threats. We find that infrared thermography is able to identify more than half of the kinetic energy lost by the projectile during complete or partial penetration. C1 [Papantonakis, Michael R.; Furstenberg, Robert; Viet Nguyen; Kendziora, Christopher A.; McGill, R. Andrew] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Moser, Alex] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Papantonakis, MR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM michael.papantonakis@nrl.navy.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-042-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9105 AR UNSP 91050B DI 10.1117/12.2050795 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TS UT WOS:000345010300008 ER PT S AU Garren, DA Pace, PE Romero, RA AF Garren, David A. Pace, Phillip E. Romero, Ric A. BE Zelnio, E Garber, FD TI Phenomenology of Low Probability of Intercept Synthetic Aperture Radar via Frank Codes SO ALGORITHMS FOR SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGERY XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XXI CY MAY 07-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Synthetic aperture radar; Low probability of intercept; Radar imaging; Radar theory AB This paper investigates techniques for using low probability of intercept (LPI) modulation techniques for forming synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. This analysis considers a specific waveform type based upon Frank codes in providing for the LPI capability via phase shift keying (PSK) modulation. A correlation receiver that is matched to the transmitted waveform is utilized to generate a set of SAR data. This analysis demonstrates the ability to form SAR images based upon simulated radar measurements collected by a notional radar sensor that has ability to transmit and receive Frank-coded waveforms and to form SAR images based upon the results of a correlation receiver. Spotlight-mode SAR images are generated using the Frank-coded waveforms and their properties are analyzed and discussed. C1 [Garren, David A.; Pace, Phillip E.; Romero, Ric A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Garren, DA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dagarren@nps.edu; pepace@nps.edu; rnromero@nps.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-030-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9093 AR 909302 DI 10.1117/12.2048638 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BB6TU UT WOS:000345014300001 ER PT J AU Savelyev, IB Anguelova, MD Frick, GM Dowgiallo, DJ Hwang, PA Caffrey, PF Bobak, JP AF Savelyev, I. B. Anguelova, M. D. Frick, G. M. Dowgiallo, D. J. Hwang, P. A. Caffrey, P. F. Bobak, J. P. TI On direct passive microwave remote sensing of sea spray aerosol production SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; SURFACE BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES; RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; WHITECAP FRACTION; THERMAL EMISSION; OCEAN SURFACE; 2-SCALE MODEL; FOAM; VARIABILITY; FLUXES AB This study addresses and attempts to mitigate persistent uncertainty and scatter among existing approaches for determining the rate of sea spray aerosol production by breaking waves in the open ocean. The new approach proposed here utilizes passive microwave emissions from the ocean surface, which are known to be sensitive to surface roughness and foam. Direct, simultaneous, and collocated measurements of the aerosol production and microwave emissions were collected aboard the FLoating Instrument Platform (FLIP) in deep water similar to 150 km off the coast of California over a period of similar to 4 days. Vertical profiles of coarse-mode aerosol (0.25-23.5 mu m) concentrations were measured with a forward-scattering spectrometer and converted to surface flux using dry deposition and vertical gradient methods. Back-trajectory analysis of eastern North Pacific meteorology verified the clean marine origin of the sampled air mass over at least 5 days prior to measurements. Vertical and horizontal polarization surface brightness temperature were measured with a microwave radiometer at 10.7 GHz frequency. Data analysis revealed a strong sensitivity of the brightness temperature polarization difference to the rate of aerosol production. An existing model of microwave emission from the ocean surface was used to determine the empirical relationship and to attribute its underlying physical basis to microwave emissions from surface roughness and foam within active and passive phases of breaking waves. A possibility of and initial steps towards satellite retrievals of the sea spray aerosol production are briefly discussed in concluding remarks. C1 [Savelyev, I. B.; Anguelova, M. D.; Frick, G. M.; Dowgiallo, D. J.; Hwang, P. A.; Caffrey, P. F.; Bobak, J. P.] US Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Savelyev, IB (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7200,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM ivan.savelyev@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [4500, 4278]; Robert Schnoor via the Naval Research Facilities Program at ONR; Joan Gardner and Edward Franchi via the NRL Platform Support Program FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), NRL Program element 61153N WUs nos. 4500 and 4278. We greatly appreciate the funding support for our use of FLIP by Robert Schnoor via the Naval Research Facilities Program at ONR, and by Joan Gardner and Edward Franchi via the NRL Platform Support Program. Captain William Gaines, FLIP program manager at Marine Physics Laboratory (MPL) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, was indispensable in organizing the field campaign. We appreciate Tom Golfinos, officer in charge for FLIP, and crew members Johnny, Dave, Frank, and Jerry for their hard work, endurance, and camaraderie. We would also like to thank George Trekas and his colleagues at the MPL Machine Shop for their expertise and skills in devising the instrument deployment on the FLIP booms. We tank two anonymous reviewers for their perusal of the manuscript, constrictive critique, and insightful suggestions. NR 76 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 21 BP 11611 EP 11631 DI 10.5194/acp-14-11611-2014 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AT5LY UT WOS:000344985700005 ER PT J AU Eck, TF Holben, BN Reid, JS Arola, A Ferrare, RA Hostetler, CA Crumeyrolle, SN Berkoff, TA Welton, EJ Lolli, S Lyapustin, A Wang, Y Schafer, JS Giles, DM Anderson, BE Thornhill, KL Minnis, P Pickering, KE Loughner, CP Smirnov, A Sinyuk, A AF Eck, T. F. Holben, B. N. Reid, J. S. Arola, A. Ferrare, R. A. Hostetler, C. A. Crumeyrolle, S. N. Berkoff, T. A. Welton, E. J. Lolli, S. Lyapustin, A. Wang, Y. Schafer, J. S. Giles, D. M. Anderson, B. E. Thornhill, K. L. Minnis, P. Pickering, K. E. Loughner, C. P. Smirnov, A. Sinyuk, A. TI Observations of rapid aerosol optical depth enhancements in the vicinity of polluted cumulus clouds SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL-RESOLUTION LIDAR; SKY RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; ORGANIC AEROSOL; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; SCATTERING PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SMOKE PARTICLES; MINERAL DUST AB During the July 2011 Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) field experiment in Maryland, significant enhancements in Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sun-sky radiometer measured aerosol optical depth (AOD) were observed in the immediate vicinity of non-precipitating cumulus clouds on some days. Both measured Angstrom exponents and aerosol size distribution retrievals made before, during and after cumulus development often suggest little change in fine mode particle size; therefore, implying possible new particle formation in addition to cloud processing and humidification of existing particles. In addition to sun-sky radiometer measurements of large enhancements of fine mode AOD, lidar measurements made from both ground-based and aircraft-based instruments during the experiment also measured large increases in aerosol signal at altitudes associated with the presence of fair weather cumulus clouds. These data show modifications of the aerosol vertical profile as a result of the aerosol enhancements at and below cloud altitudes. The airborne lidar data were utilized to estimate the spatial extent of these aerosol enhancements, finding increased AOD, backscatter and extinction out to 2.5 km distance from the cloud edge. Furthermore, in situ measurements made from aircraft vertical profiles over an AERONET site during the experiment also showed large increases in aerosol scattering and aerosol volume after cloud formation as compared to before. The 15-year AERONET database of AOD measurements at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Maryland site, was investigated in order to obtain a climatological perspective of this phenomenon of AOD enhancement. Analysis of the diurnal cycle of AOD in summer showed significant increases in AOD from morning to late afternoon, corresponding to the diurnal cycle of cumulus development. C1 [Eck, T. F.] Univ Space Res Assoc, GESTAR, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Eck, T. F.; Holben, B. N.; Welton, E. J.; Lolli, S.; Lyapustin, A.; Wang, Y.; Schafer, J. S.; Giles, D. M.; Pickering, K. E.; Loughner, C. P.; Smirnov, A.; Sinyuk, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Reid, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Arola, A.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Kuopio, Finland. [Ferrare, R. A.; Hostetler, C. A.; Crumeyrolle, S. N.; Berkoff, T. A.; Anderson, B. E.; Thornhill, K. L.; Minnis, P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Crumeyrolle, S. N.] Univ Lille 1, CNRS, UMR8518, LOA, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. [Berkoff, T. A.; Lolli, S.; Wang, Y.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, JCET, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Schafer, J. S.; Giles, D. M.; Smirnov, A.; Sinyuk, A.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD USA. [Thornhill, K. L.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. [Loughner, C. P.] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Eck, TF (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, GESTAR, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. EM thomas.f.eck@nasa.gov RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Arola, Antti/0000-0002-9220-0194; Loughner, Christopher/0000-0002-3833-2014 FU NASA DISCOVER-AQ mission FX The AERONET project was supported by Michael D. King, retired in 2008 from the NASA EOS project office, and by Hal B. Maring, Radiation Sciences Program, NASA Headquarters. Sigma Space and Penn State are acknowledged for loan and site hosting, respectively, of the Mini-MPL at the Edgewood site. Funding for Mini-MPL work was provided by NASA DISCOVER-AQ mission to facilitate field work and data processing. NR 90 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 9 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 21 BP 11633 EP 11656 DI 10.5194/acp-14-11633-2014 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AT5LY UT WOS:000344985700006 ER PT S AU Ouyang, B Caimi, FM Dalgleish, FR Nootz, G Vuorenkoski, AK AF Ouyang, Bing Caimi, Frank M. Dalgleish, Fraser R. Nootz, Gero Vuorenkoski, Anni K. BE Ahmad, F TI 3D imaging using compressive line sensing serial imaging system SO COMPRESSIVE SENSING III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Compressive Sensing III CY MAY 07-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Originally proposed in SPIE DSS' 13, the compressive line sensing (CLS) imaging system adopts the paradigm of independently sensing each line and jointly reconstructing a group of lines. Such system achieves "resource compression" and is still compatible with the conventional push-broom operation mode. This paper attempts to extend the CLS concept, originally developed to effectively acquire scene intensity images in a scattering medium, to 3D scene reconstruction through the adoption of a temporal-spatial measurement matrix. The sensing model is discussed. Simulation results are presented as part of this work. C1 [Ouyang, Bing; Caimi, Frank M.; Dalgleish, Fraser R.; Vuorenkoski, Anni K.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, 5600 US1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Nootz, Gero] 1 Univ Circle, Naval Post Grad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ouyang, B (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, 5600 US1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. FU ONR [N000141210921]; AFOSR; HBOI internal fund FX This work was support by ONR grant N000141210921, 2013 AFOSR Young Investigator Program and HBOI internal fund. The authors want to thank Dr. Weilin Hou for the stimulating discussion regarding this work, and Mr. Ben Metzger for the help during all phases of the experimental tests. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-046-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9109 AR UNSP 91090V DI 10.1117/12.2050667 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB6UL UT WOS:000345035800026 ER PT S AU Basgall, PL Kruse, FA Olsen, RC AF Basgall, Paul L. Kruse, Fred A. Olsen, Richard C. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI Comparison of LiDAR and Stereo Photogrammetric Point Clouds for Change Detection SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE LiDAR; Point Cloud; Photogrammetry; Change Detection; Image Registration; Fusion AB The advent of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point cloud collection has significantly improved the ability to model the world in precise, fine, three dimensional detail. The objective of this research was to demonstrate accurate, foundational methods for fusing LiDAR data and photogrammetric imagery and their potential for change detection. The scope of the project was to investigate optical image-to-LiDAR registration methods, focusing on dissimilar image types including high resolution aerial frame and WorldView-1 satellite and LiDAR with varying point densities. An innovative optical image-to-LiDAR data registration process was established. Comparison of stereo imagery point cloud data to the LiDAR point cloud using a 90% confidence interval highlighted changes that included small scale (<50cm), sensor dependent change and large scale, new home construction change. C1 [Basgall, Paul L.] Natl Geospatial Intelligence Agcy, 3838 Vogel Rd, Arnold, MO 63010 USA. [Kruse, Fred A.; Olsen, Richard C.] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Ctr Remote Sensing, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Basgall, PL (reprint author), Natl Geospatial Intelligence Agcy, 3838 Vogel Rd, Arnold, MO 63010 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR UNSP 90800R DI 10.1117/12.2049856 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400023 ER PT S AU Ferraro, MS Mahon, R Rabinovich, WS Murphy, JL Freeman, WT Frawley, S Goetz, PG Burris, HR Thomas, LM Clark, WR Waters, WD Vaccaro, K Krejca, BD Mathieu, BM AF Ferraro, Mike S. Mahon, Rita Rabinovich, William S. Murphy, James L. Freeman, Wade T. Frawley, Steve Goetz, Peter G. Burris, Harris R. Thomas, Linda M. Clark, William R. Waters, William D. Vaccaro, Kenneth Krejca, Brian D. Mathieu, Barry M. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI Integration of a concentric five element InAlAs/InGaAs avalanche photodiode array in a stabilized bi-static optical assembly SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX; and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE free-space optical communication; avalanche photodiode arrays; position sensitive detector; quadrant cell AB In free space optical communication, photodetectors serve not only as communications receivers but as position sensitive detectors (PSD) for pointing, tracking, and stabilization. Typically, two separate detectors are utilized to perform these tasks but recent advances in the fabrication and development of large area, low noise avalanche photodiode (APD) arrays have enabled these devices to be used both as PSDs and as data communication receivers. This combined functionality allows for more flexibility and simplicity in optical assembly design without sacrificing the sensitivity and bandwidth performance of smaller, single element data receivers. This work presents a large area, five element concentric avalanche photodiode array rated for bandwidths beyond 1GHz with a measured carrier ionization ratio of approximately 0.2 at moderate APD gains. We discuss the integration of this array in a bi-static optical interrogator where it acts as a data receiver and provides position information for pointing and stabilization. In addition to front-end and digital electronics design, we also describe the optical assembly design and the development of a pointing and stabilization algorithm. C1 [Ferraro, Mike S.; Mahon, Rita; Rabinovich, William S.; Murphy, James L.; Goetz, Peter G.; Burris, Harris R.; Thomas, Linda M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ferraro, MS (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR 90801D DI 10.1117/12.2052943 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400043 ER PT S AU Jalobeanu, A Kim, AM Runyon, SC Olsen, RC Kruse, FA AF Jalobeanu, Andre Kim, Angela M. Runyon, Scott C. Olsen, R. C. Kruse, Fred A. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI Uncertainty assessment and probabilistic change detection using terrestrial and airborne LiDAR SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Point clouds; change detection; surface models; Bayesian inference; nonparametric modeling AB Change detection using remote sensing has become increasingly important for characterization of natural disasters. Pre- and post-event LiDAR data can be used to identify and quantify changes. The main challenge consists of producing reliable change maps that are robust to differences in collection conditions, free of processing artifacts, and that take into account various sources of uncertainty such as different point densities, different acquisition geometries, georeferencing errors and geometric discrepancies. We present a simple and fast technique that accounts for these sources of uncertainty, and enables the creation of statistically significant change detection maps. The technique makes use of Bayesian inference to estimate uncertainty maps from LiDAR point clouds. Incorporation of uncertainties enables a change detection that is robust to noise due to ranging, position and attitude errors, as well as "roughness" in vegetation scans. Validation of the method was done by use of small-scale models scanned with a terrestrial LiDAR in a laboratory setting. The method was then applied to two airborne collects of the Monterey Peninsula, California acquired in 2011 and 2012. These data have significantly different point densities (8 vs. 40 pts/m2) and some misregistration errors. An original point cloud registration technique was developed, first to correct systematic shifts due to GPS and INS errors, and second to help measure large-scale changes in a consistent manner. Sparse changes were detected and interpreted mostly as construction and natural landscape evolution. C1 [Jalobeanu, Andre] Univ Texas Austin, Appl Res Labs, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Jalobeanu, Andre; Kim, Angela M.; Runyon, Scott C.; Olsen, R. C.; Kruse, Fred A.] US Navy, Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Ctr Remote Sensing, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Jalobeanu, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Appl Res Labs, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM andre.jalobeanu@gmail.com FU Science and Technology (ST) Directorate; Department of Homeland Security (DHS) FX This paper describes selected research results from a project "Remote Sensing for Improved Earthquake Re sponse" supported by the Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate, Department of Homeland Security (DHS). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR UNSP 90800S DI 10.1117/12.2049611 PG 19 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400024 ER PT S AU Kim, AM Runyon, SC Jalobeanu, A Esterline, CH Kruse, FA AF Kim, Angela M. Runyon, Scott C. Jalobeanu, Andre Esterline, Chelsea H. Kruse, Fred A. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI LiDAR change detection using building models SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX; and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE LiDAR change detection; point clouds; digital surface models; urban modeling; building models AB Terrestrial LiDAR scans of building models collected with a FARO Focus3D and a RIEGL VZ-400 were used to investigate point-to-point and model-to-model LiDAR change detection. LiDAR data were scaled, decimated, and georegistered to mimic real world airborne collects. Two physical building models were used to explore various aspects of the change detection process. The first model was a 1:250-scale representation of the Naval Postgraduate School campus in Monterey, CA, constructed from Lego blocks and scanned in a laboratory setting using both the FARO and RIEGL. The second model at 1:8-scale consisted of large cardboard boxes placed outdoors and scanned from rooftops of adjacent buildings using the RIEGL. A point-to-point change detection scheme was applied directly to the point-cloud datasets. In the model-to-model change detection scheme, changes were detected by comparing Digital Surface Models (DSMs). The use of physical models allowed analysis of effects of changes in scanner and scanning geometry, and performance of the change detection methods on different types of changes, including building collapse or subsistence, construction, and shifts in location. Results indicate that at low false-alarm rates, the point-to-point method slightly outperforms the model-to-model method. The pointto-point method is less sensitive to misregistration errors in the data. Best results are obtained when the baseline and change datasets are collected using the same LiDAR system and collection geometry. C1 [Kim, Angela M.; Runyon, Scott C.; Jalobeanu, Andre; Esterline, Chelsea H.; Kruse, Fred A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Remote Sensing, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kim, AM (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Remote Sensing, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM amkim@nps.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR 90800T DI 10.1117/12.2049312 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400025 ER PT S AU Kutteruf, MR Lebow, P AF Kutteruf, Mary R. Lebow, Paul BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI 1541 nm GmAPD LADAR System SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX; and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE LADAR; Geiger mode avalanche photo diode array; short wave IR ID LASER-RADAR AB The single photon sensitivity of Geiger-mode avalanche photo diodes (GmAPDs) has facilitated the development of LADAR systems that operate at longer stand-off distances, require lower laser pulse powers and are capable of imaging through a partial obscuration. In this paper, we describe a GmAPD LADAR system which operates at the eye-safe wavelength of 1541 nm. The longer wavelength should enhance system covertness and improve haze penetration compared to systems using 1064 nm lasers. The system is comprised of a COTS 1541 nm erbium fiber laser producing 4 ns pulses at 80 kHz to 450 kHz and a COTS camera with a focal plane of 32x32 InGaAs GmAPDs band-gap optimized for 1550 nm. Laboratory characterization methodology and results are discussed. We show that accurate modeling of the system response, allows us to achieve a depth resolution which is limited by the width of the camera's time bin (.25 ns or 1.5 inches) rather than by the duration of the laser pulse (4 ns or 2 ft.). In the presence of obscuration, the depth discrimination is degraded to 6 inches but is still significantly better than that dictated by the laser pulse duration. We conclude with a discussion of future work. C1 [Kutteruf, Mary R.; Lebow, Paul] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Syst Sect, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kutteruf, MR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Opt Syst Sect, Code 5662,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM code5662@nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR 908006 DI 10.1117/12.2050657 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400004 ER PT S AU Mahon, R Ferraro, MS Goetz, PG Moore, CI Murphy, J Rabinovich, WS AF Mahon, Rita Ferraro, Mike S. Goetz, Peter G. Moore, Christopher I. Murphy, James Rabinovich, William S. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI Atmospheric turbulence effects on a monostatic and bistatic retroreflecting link SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX; and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Atmospheric turbulence; monostatic; bistatic; optical interrogator ID RECIPROCITY AB Experiments were conducted over a retro-reflecting link using both a monostatic and a bistatic laser interrogator that operated over adjacent terrestrial paths of ranges between 2 and 4km. Data communications parameters were monitored on the bistatic channel and irradiance measurements were recorded on both interrogators simultaneously. The off-axis bistatic receiver was 75mm in diameter and showed the advantage of both aperture averaging and uncorrelated irradiance components in comparison with the 28mm receiver used in the on-axis monostatic system. The normalized flux variance measured in the bistatic receiver peaked at a value close to 1 while the on-axis system saw corresponding levels of about 10 under sunlit midday conditions. C1 [Mahon, Rita; Ferraro, Mike S.; Goetz, Peter G.; Moore, Christopher I.; Murphy, James; Rabinovich, William S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Mahon, R (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5654,Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR 908017 DI 10.1117/12.2052950 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400038 ER PT S AU Metcalf, JP Kim, AM Kruse, FA Olsen, RC AF Metcalf, Jeremy P. Kim, Angela M. Kruse, Fred A. Olsen, Richard C. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI Correlation between lidar-derived intensity and passive optical imagery SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE LiDAR; Intensity; Correlation; Orthophotography; Classification AB When LiDAR data are collected, the intensity information is recorded for each return, and can be used to produce an image resembling those acquired by passive imaging sensors. This research evaluated LiDAR intensity data to determine its potential for use as baseline imagery where optical imagery are unavailable. Two airborne LiDAR datasets collected at different point densities and laser wavelengths were gridded and compared with optical imagery. Optech Orion C200 laser data were compared with a corresponding 1541 nm spectral band from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). Optech ALTM Gemini LiDAR data collected at 1064 nm were compared to the WorldView-2 (WV-2) 949 - 1043 nm NIR2 band. Intensity images were georegistered and spatially resampled to match the optical data. The Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient was calculated between datasets to determine similarity. Comparison for the full LiDAR datasets yielded correlation coefficients of approximately 0.5. Because LiDAR returns from vegetation are known to be highly variable, a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated utilizing the optical imagery, and intensity and optical imagery were separated into vegetation and nonvegetation categories. Comparison of the LiDAR intensity for non-vegetated areas to the optical imagery yielded coefficients greater than 0.9. These results demonstrate that LiDAR intensity data may be useful in substituting for optical imagery where only LiDAR is available. C1 [Metcalf, Jeremy P.; Kim, Angela M.; Kruse, Fred A.; Olsen, Richard C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Ctr Remote Sensing, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Metcalf, JP (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Ctr Remote Sensing, 833 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RI Olsen, Richard/O-2699-2015 OI Olsen, Richard/0000-0002-8344-9297 FU Science and Technology (ST) Directorate; Department of Homeland Security (DHS) FX This paper describes selected research results from a project "Remote Sensing for Improved Earthquake Response" supported by the Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate, Department of Homeland Security (DHS). NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR UNSP 90800U DI 10.1117/12.2050023 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400026 ER PT S AU Murphy, JL Ferraro, MS Rabinovich, WS Goetz, PG Suite, MR Uecke, SH AF Murphy, James L. Ferraro, Mike S. Rabinovich, William S. Goetz, Peter G. Suite, Michele R. Uecke, Stanley H. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI Control of a small robot using a hybrid optical modulating retro-reflector/RF link SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX; and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Free space optical communications; hybrid FSO communications; anti-jam AB Tele-operated robots used for Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) are ordinarily controlled using a radio frequency (RF) link. Use of RF links on the battlefield presents several challenges including spectrum allocation and jamming effects (both by the enemy and friendly forces). Several solutions have been attempted including electrical or fiber optic umbilicals and spread spectrum radios with varying degrees of success. Modulating Retro-reflector Free Space Optical (MRR-FSO) communications links avoid these effects entirely but are limited to line of sight operation. We have developed a system consisting of an MRR-FSO link with a tracking optical terminal, a conventional RF link and a deployable pod to provide a relay node bridging the FSO link to the operator and the RF link to the robot. The MRR-FSO link provides the capability to operate the robot in the presence of jamming while the RF link allows short range non line of sight operation. The operator uses the MRR-FSO link to drive the robot to a position downrange outside the influence of the jammer or other interference. Once the robot is positioned downrange near the area of operation the pod is deployed. This allows the robot to maneuver freely including venturing beyond line of sight using the short range RF link to maintain communications between the vehicle and pod while the FSO link maintains connectivity between the pod and the operator. C1 [Murphy, James L.; Ferraro, Mike S.; Rabinovich, William S.; Goetz, Peter G.] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20305 USA. RP Murphy, JL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20305 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR 90801F DI 10.1117/12.2052942 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400045 ER PT S AU Rabinovich, WS Mahon, R Ferraro, MS Goetz, PG Murphy, J AF Rabinovich, William S. Mahon, Rita Ferraro, Mike S. Goetz, Peter G. Murphy, James BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW Thomas, LMW Spillar, EJ TI Diversity effects in modulating retro-reflector links SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XIX; AND ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIX; and Atmospheric Propagation XI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Free space optical communication; Modulating retro-reflector; scintillation; temporal diversity; enhanced backscatter AB Optical modulating retro-reflectors (MRRs) can allow free space optical (FSO) links to platforms too small to carry a conventional FSO terminals. However, retro-reflectors suffer from very high optical scintillation due to the double-pass nature of the link. For links near the ground, scintillation indices greater than 10 are often observed during daytime hours. This strong scintillation causes deep and frequent fades. Spatial and temporal diversity can be powerful tools to reduce the effects of scintillation on MRR links. Experiments were conducted in which several retro-reflectors were simultaneously illuminated to measure the fade statistics of retro-reflector links. The dependence of scintillation on the number and spacing of these retro-reflectors was measured. Under optimal conditions the scintillation index was shown to decrease approximately linearly with the number of retro-reflectors. The recorded intensity waveforms were analyzed to determine the frequency, duration and depth of fades. The effects of using temporal diversity, in which duplicate data packets are sent multiple times, was analyzed to determine the reduction in required margin as a function of the number of times a packet was resent, and the spacing in time between packets. The analysis showed that spatial and temporal diversity, used in combination, can reduce the required margin for MRR links in strong turbulence by more than 20 dB. C1 [Rabinovich, William S.; Mahon, Rita; Ferraro, Mike S.; Goetz, Peter G.; Murphy, James] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rabinovich, WS (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5654,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-017-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9080 AR 90801B DI 10.1117/12.2052944 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB6TQ UT WOS:000345008400042 ER PT S AU Lambrakos, SG Lee, M Yapijakis, C Ramsey, LS Huang, L Shabaev, A Massa, L AF Lambrakos, S. G. Lee, M. Yapijakis, C. Ramsey, L. S. Huang, L. Shabaev, A. Massa, L. BE Southern, SO Mentzer, MA RodriguezChavez, I Wotring, VE TI Prototype Spectral Analysis of Water Samples For Monitoring and Treatment of Public Water Resources SO SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR GLOBAL HEALTH, MILITARY MEDICINE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing Technologies for Global Health, Military Medicine, and Environmental Monitoring IV CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE water monitoring; spectral analysis; contaminants ID FILTRATION REMOVES COLOR; TURBIDITY AB Experimental measurements conducted in the laboratory, involving hyperspectral analysis of water samples taken from public water resources in the New York City metro area, have motivated a reevaluation of issues concerning the potential application of this type of analysis for water monitoring, treatment and evaluation prior to filtration. One issue concerns hyperspectral monitoring of contaminants with respect to types and relative concentrations. This implies a need for better understanding the statistical profiles of water contaminants in terms of spatial-temporal distributions of electromagnetic absorption spectra ranging from the ultraviolet to infrared, which are associated with specific water resources. This issue also implies the need for establishing correlations between hyperspectral signatures and types of contaminants to be found within specific water resources. Another issue concerns the use of absorption spectra for determining changes in chemical and physical characteristics of contaminants after application of water treatments in order to determine levels of toxicity with respect to the environment. C1 [Lambrakos, S. G.; Huang, L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Lee, M.; Ramsey, L. S.] Naval Res Lab, Signature Technol Off, Washington, DE USA. [Yapijakis, C.] Albert Nerkin Sch Engn, Cooper Union, New York, NY USA. [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA USA. [Massa, L.] CUNY, IIunter Coll, New York, NY USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Code 6390, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratorys Basic Research Program FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratorys Basic Research Program NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-049-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9112 AR UNSP 911219 DI 10.1117/12.2049963 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB6WL UT WOS:000345075200019 ER PT S AU North, SH So, C Fears, K Taitt, CR AF North, Stella H. So, Christopher Fears, Kenan Taitt, Chris R. BE Southern, SO Mentzer, MA RodriguezChavez, I Wotring, VE TI Chemoselective surface attachment of antimicrobial peptides and its effects on interfacial behavior SO SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR GLOBAL HEALTH, MILITARY MEDICINE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing Technologies for Global Health, Military Medicine, and Environmental Monitoring IV CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE antimicrobial peptide; surface structure; chemoselective immobilization; antibacterial; cecropin A; melittin AB Peptide-based biological recognition elements are valuable tools for detection in biodefense systems. The utilization of such biomolecules for detection purposes relies on the ability to immobilize them on the surface of a detection platform in a predictable and reliable manner that facilitates target binding. Numerous immobilization methods have been used to improve the performance of peptide-based biosensors; however, the molecular details of how surface attachment affects structure and activity require further investigation to establish general approaches for obtaining consistent sensor surfaces. This has been largely due to the lack of analytical techniques. Using surface spectroscopy techniques, we examined the secondary structure of peptides tethered to solid support. Different tethering parameters were investigated by substituting a cysteine residue to the N-terminus or C-terminus in cationic antimicrobial peptides, and its effects on antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria, E. coli. Spectroscopic analysis showed that surface immobilization drives transition of peptides secondary structures, resulting in different interfacial behaviors that may influence the secondary structure of the peptides once they interact with the bacterial cells. We have begun to gain insight into how surface attachment may have direct implications for peptide presentation and function and is an important advance in preparing a robust sensing interface. C1 [North, Stella H.; Taitt, Chris R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [So, Christopher; Fears, Kenan] Div Chem, Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP North, SH (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM stella.north@nrl.navy.mil OI So, Christopher/0000-0001-7572-778X FU NRL Core Funds from the Office of Naval Research FX This work was financially supported by NRL Core Funds from the Office of Naval Research. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-049-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9112 AR UNSP 911213 DI 10.1117/12.2053353 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB6WL UT WOS:000345075200015 ER PT S AU Claussen, JC Walper, SA Susumu, K Ancona, MG Medintz, IL AF Claussen, Jonathan C. Walper, Scott A. Susumu, Kimihiro Ancona, Mario G. Medintz, Igor L. BE Cullum, BM McLamore, ES TI Monitoring enzyme kinetic behavior of enzyme-quantum dot bioconjugates SO SMART BIOMEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Biomedical and Physiological Sensor Technology XI CY MAY 07-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; CARBON NANOTUBE NETWORKS; TRANSFER RELAYS; NANOPARTICLES; BIOSENSORS; PROTEINS; NANOCUBE; REACTORS; DONORS AB Luminescent semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) hold tremendous promise for in vivo biosensing, cellular imaging, theranostics, and smart molecular sensing probes due to their small size and favorable photonic properties such as resistance to photobleaching, size-tunable PL, and large effective Stokes shifts. Herein, we demonstrate how QD-based bioconjugates can be used to enhance enzyme kinetics. Enzyme-substrate kinetics are analyzed for solutions containing both alkaline phosphatase enzymes and QDs with enzyme-to-QD molar ratios of 2, 12, and 24 as well as for a solution containing the same concentration of enzymes but without QDs. The enzyme kinetic paramters V-max, K-M, and K-cat/K-M are extracted from the enzyme progress curves via the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Results demonstrate an approximate increase in enzyme efficiency of 5 - 8% for enzymes immobilized on the QD versus free in solution without QD immobilization. C1 [Claussen, Jonathan C.; Walper, Scott A.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ancona, Mario G.] US Naval Res Lab, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Claussen, Jonathan C.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Susumu, Kimihiro] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis, MD 20701 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jonathan.claussen.ctr@nrl.navy.mil; igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil OI Claussen, Jonathan/0000-0001-7065-1077 FU NRL; NSI; ONR FX The authors would like to gratefully thank funding support from NRL, NRL NSI, and ONR. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-044-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9107 AR UNSP 910710 DI 10.1117/12.2050791 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BB6WC UT WOS:000345067200022 ER PT J AU Kaku, KC Reid, JS O'Neill, NT Quinn, PK Coffman, DJ Eck, TF AF Kaku, K. C. Reid, J. S. O'Neill, N. T. Quinn, P. K. Coffman, D. J. Eck, T. F. TI Verification and application of the extended spectral deconvolution algorithm (SDA plus ) methodology to estimate aerosol fine and coarse mode extinction coefficients in the marine boundary layer SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; IN-SITU; PARTICLES; DEPTH; PARAMETERIZATIONS; TRANSPORT; EXPONENT; PACIFIC; BRAZIL AB The spectral deconvolution algorithm (SDA) and SDA+ (extended SDA) methodologies can be employed to separate the fine and coarse mode extinction coefficients from measured total aerosol extinction coefficients, but their common use is currently limited to AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) aerosol optical depth (AOD). Here we provide the verification of the SDA+ methodology on a non-AERONET aerosol product, by applying it to fine and coarse mode nephelometer and particle soot absorption photometer (PSAP) data sets collected in the marine boundary layer. Using data sets collected on research vessels by NOAAPMEL(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory), we demonstrate that with accurate input, SDA+ is able to predict the fine and coarse mode scattering and extinction coefficient partition in global data sets representing a range of aerosol regimes. However, in low-extinction regimes commonly found in the clean marine boundary layer, SDA+ output accuracy is sensitive to instrumental calibration errors. This work was extended to the calculation of coarse and fine mode scattering coefficients with similar success. This effort not only verifies the application of the SDA+ method to in situ data, but by inference verifies the method as a whole for a host of applications, including AERONET. Study results open the door to much more extensive use of nephelometers and PSAPs, with the ability to calculate fine and coarse mode scattering and extinction coefficients in field campaigns that do not have the resources to explicitly measure these values. C1 [Kaku, K. C.] CSC, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Reid, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [O'Neill, N. T.] Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Quinn, P. K.; Coffman, D. J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Eck, T. F.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. [Eck, T. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Kaku, KC (reprint author), CSC, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM kkaku@csc.com RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016 OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895 FU office of Naval Research; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment Canada; NASA AERONET Program FX Funding for this effort was initiated under a grant from the office of Naval Research Code 35, with completion by Code 32. We are grateful to NOAA for the collection and use of their voluminous data records. PMEL's contribution to this work was provided by NOAA's Climate Program Office. Funding for N. T. O'Neill was provided by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Environment Canada. T. F. Eck's funding was provided by the NASA AERONET Program. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 10 BP 3399 EP 3412 DI 10.5194/amt-7-3399-2014 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AT2AE UT WOS:000344732200012 ER PT J AU Algar, WR Stewart, MH Scott, AM Moon, WJ Medintz, IL AF Algar, W. Russ Stewart, Michael H. Scott, Amy M. Moon, Woohyun J. Medintz, Igor L. TI Quantum dots as platforms for charge transfer-based biosensing: challenges and opportunities SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; EXCITON DISSOCIATION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; HOLE TRANSFER; TELOMERASE ACTIVITY; ORGANIC COMPLEXES; HYBRID SYSTEM; SOLAR-CELLS; LABEL-FREE; IN-VITRO AB Semiconductor quantumdots (QDs) have received significant attention as unique photoluminescent materials for biological imaging and sensing. Charge transfer (CT) modulation of QD emission has recently emerged as a promising detection modality in these applications; however, much still remains unknown about the mechanism through which an electron or hole transfers from a QD exciton to a redox active moiety in a bioconjugate construct. Here, we highlight the utility and challenges of CT for QD-based biosensing, particularly in comparison to Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET), and summarize the current understanding of this process, which is situated at the intersection between biological and photovoltaic research with QDs. C1 [Stewart, Michael H.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci Code 5600, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn Code 6900, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Algar, W. Russ; Moon, Woohyun J.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Scott, Amy M.] Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Miami, FL 33146 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn Code 6900, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM algar@chem.ubc.ca; Igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil FU Henry and Camille Dreyfus Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Canada Research Chairs and Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar programs; University of British Columbia FX MHS and ILM acknowledge the NRL NSI and Base Funding Program, and DTRA JSTO MIPR # B112582M. AMS acknowledges the Henry and Camille Dreyfus Foundation for an Environmental Postdoctoral Fellowship. WRA and WJM thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Canada Research Chairs and Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar programs, and the University of British Columbia for support of their research. NR 82 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 28 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-750X EI 2050-7518 J9 J MATER CHEM B JI J. Mat. Chem. B PY 2014 VL 2 IS 45 BP 7816 EP 7827 DI 10.1039/c4tb00985a PG 12 WC Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Materials Science GA AS7TZ UT WOS:000344458800001 ER PT J AU Ivanov, LM Collins, CA Margolina, TM AF Ivanov, L. M. Collins, C. A. Margolina, T. M. TI On quartet interactions in the California Current system SO NONLINEAR PROCESSES IN GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AMPLITUDE BAROCLINIC INSTABILITY; GEOSAT ALTIMETER DATA; MULTIPLE ZONAL JETS; WAVE INTERACTIONS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; ROSSBY WAVES; BETA-PLANE; GENERATION; FLOWS; TURBULENCE AB Sea surface height (SSH) altimetry observations for 1992 to 2009 off California are used to show that observed quasi-zonal jets were likely driven by near-resonance interactions between different scales of the flow. Quartet (modulational) instability dominated and caused non-local transfer of energy from waves and eddies to biannual oscillations and quasi-zonal jets. Two types of quartets were identified: those composed of scales corresponding to (a) quasi-zonal jets, annual and semiannual Rossby waves and mesoscale eddies, and (b) biannual oscillations, semiannual Rossby waves and mesoscale eddies. The spectral centroid regularly shifted into the domain of low-order modes. However, the spectrum of SSHs does not demonstrate a power behavior. This says that the classical inverse cascade is absent. For a case with bottom friction, quartet instability required the existence of a certain level of dissipativity in the flow. C1 [Ivanov, L. M.; Collins, C. A.; Margolina, T. M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Collins, C. A.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. RP Ivanov, LM (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM lmivanov@nps.edu OI Collins, Curtis/0000-0001-8035-3102 FU NSF [OCE-0827527, OCE-0827160] FX Support for LI (CC) was provided by NSF grant OCE-0827527 (OCE-0827160). The authors thank J. McWilliams (UCLA), E. Pelinovsky (Institute of Applied Physics, Russia) and B. Galperin (University of South Florida) for useful discussions of these results. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1023-5809 J9 NONLINEAR PROC GEOPH JI Nonlinear Process Geophys. PY 2014 VL 21 IS 4 BP 887 EP 900 DI 10.5194/npg-21-887-2014 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AT1ZB UT WOS:000344728300003 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI More Heat Than Light The Vexing Complexities of the Drone Debate SO OPPOSING PERSPECTIVES ON THE DRONE DEBATE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Anal Dept, Monterey, CA USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] Univ Oxford, Inst Eth Law & Armed Conflict, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Air Force, New York, NY USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), Vice Admiral James B Stockdale Ctr Eth Leadership, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43263-6; 978-1-137-43261-2 PY 2014 BP 5 EP 18 D2 10.1057/9781137432636 PG 14 WC Ethics; Philosophy SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Philosophy GA BB5PB UT WOS:000344010500003 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Reply to Critics No Easy Answers SO OPPOSING PERSPECTIVES ON THE DRONE DEBATE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Anal Dept, Monterey, CA USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] Univ Oxford, Inst Eth Law & Armed Conflict, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Air Force, New York, NY USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), Vice Admiral James B Stockdale Ctr Eth Leadership, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43263-6; 978-1-137-43261-2 PY 2014 BP 59 EP 80 D2 10.1057/9781137432636 PG 22 WC Ethics; Philosophy SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Philosophy GA BB5PB UT WOS:000344010500008 ER PT B AU Strawser, BJ AF Strawser, Bradley Jay BA Strawser, BJ BF Strawser, BJ TI Arguing in Good Faith about Drones SO OPPOSING PERSPECTIVES ON THE DRONE DEBATE LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Anal Dept, Monterey, CA USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] Univ Oxford, Inst Eth Law & Armed Conflict, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. [Strawser, Bradley Jay] US Air Force, New York, NY USA. RP Strawser, BJ (reprint author), Vice Admiral James B Stockdale Ctr Eth Leadership, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-43263-6; 978-1-137-43261-2 PY 2014 BP 149 EP 185 D2 10.1057/9781137432636 PG 37 WC Ethics; Philosophy SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Philosophy GA BB5PB UT WOS:000344010500013 ER PT S AU Bordetsky, A Dolk, D Pickl, S AF Bordetsky, Alex Dolk, Dan Pickl, Stefan BE Sprague, RH TI Introduction to Minitrack Network DSS: Decision Support in the Collaborative Environment of Mobile Social and Sensor Networks SO 2014 47TH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES (HICSS) SE Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences CY JAN 06-09, 2014 CL Waikoloa, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Shidler Coll Business, IEEE Comp Soc C1 [Bordetsky, Alex; Dolk, Dan] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bordetsky, A (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM abordets@nps.edu; drdolk@nps.edu; stefan.pickl@univbw.de NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 978-1-4799-2504-9 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 2014 BP 1142 EP 1142 DI 10.1109/HICSS.2014.147 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB5FW UT WOS:000343806601029 ER PT S AU Roth, J Tummala, M McEachen, J Scrofani, J AF Roth, John Tummala, Murali McEachen, John Scrofani, James BE Sprague, RH TI A Scalable Hidden-Markov Model Algorithm for Location-Based Services in WiMAX Networks SO 2014 47TH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES (HICSS) SE Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences CY JAN 06-09, 2014 CL Waikoloa, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Shidler Coll Business, IEEE Comp Soc AB Hidden-Markov Models (HMM) have shown promise as viable solutions to providing location-based services (LBS) within cellular networks. Previously established work includes a scheme to merge the stochastic contribution of the HMM and maximum likelihood decisions based on signal strength measurements and timing adjust parameters. A novel scalable positioning algorithm that utilizes the aforementioned techniques along with reorientation of the state vector in order to favor the local measurements within the area of interest is proposed in this paper. The resulting scheme is presented and its performance validated through simulations built from a scenario based on a real world WiMAX network. The results demonstrate improved performance over previous work, and the effect of scaling the algorithm is discussed. C1 [Roth, John] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Roth, J (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM jroth@usna.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 978-1-4799-2504-9 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 2014 BP 5101 EP 5108 DI 10.1109/HICSS.2014.627 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB5FW UT WOS:000343806605031 ER PT S AU Ngo, TA Tummala, M McEachen, JC AF Ngo, Tan A. Tummala, Murali McEachen, John C. BE Sprague, RH TI Optimal Wireless Aerial Sensor Node Positioning for Randomly Deployed Planar Collaborative Beamforming SO 2014 47TH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES (HICSS) SE Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences CY JAN 06-09, 2014 CL Waikoloa, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Shidler Coll Business, IEEE Comp Soc ID NETWORKS; ARRAYS AB Recent advancements in low power micro sensors and wireless network technology have enabled a host of new sensor network applications. One such novel application is to perform collaborative beamforming from a wireless sensor network consisting of multirotor aerial vehicles (MAVs). Collaborative beamforming from an airborne wireless sensor network can be an effective means of communication from an unobstructed vantage point. This paper explores the feasibility of such a network. We analyze the beam pattern fluctuations due to position errors from the MAV's unsteady station keeping. We show that the effects of minor position errors are manageable. Finally, two non-linear constrained optimization techniques for sidelobe suppression utilizing the MAVs mobility and station keeping capability are introduced. We demonstrate through simulation that our techniques have similar performance while requiring lower computational cost and complexity compared to the conventional minimum variance distortionless response beamformer. C1 [Ngo, Tan A.; Tummala, Murali; McEachen, John C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ngo, TA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM tango@nps.edu; mtummala@nps.edu; mceachen@nps.edu NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 978-1-4799-2504-9 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 2014 BP 5122 EP 5128 DI 10.1109/HICSS.2014.630 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB5FW UT WOS:000343806605034 ER PT S AU Hofer, M McEachen, J Tummala, M AF Hofer, Mark McEachen, John Tummala, Murali BE Sprague, RH TI Vulnerability Analysis of LTE Location Services SO 2014 47TH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES (HICSS) SE Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences CY JAN 06-09, 2014 CL Waikoloa, HI SP Univ Hawaii, Shidler Coll Business, IEEE Comp Soc DE 3GPP; LTE; Vulnerability Assessment; mobile positioning AB To meet government requirements for positioning emergency services, Long Term Evolution (LTE), the latest generation of mobile communications popular in North America and Europe, incorporates the ability to ascertain the position of the user equipment via the network. This additional signaling means that there is also the chance that the user position may be vulnerable to being intercepted by unauthorized parties. Several different potential vulnerabilities are explored in this paper and is a proof of concept for three vulnerabilities, including the presence of location data on the network when there is no authorized request for that data active. A series of simulations were constructed to analyze and test the logical flow of messages through the LTE core network and to see what vulnerabilities existed. The first simulation established a baseline, and each additional simulation examined a possible vulnerability. C1 [Hofer, Mark; McEachen, John; Tummala, Murali] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Hofer, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mark@thehof.com; mceachen@nps.edu; mtummala@nps.edu NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 978-1-4799-2504-9 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 2014 BP 5162 EP 5166 DI 10.1109/HICSS.2014.635 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BB5FW UT WOS:000343806605039 ER PT J AU Allen-Emerson, M AF Allen-Emerson, Michelle TI Adventures in the Marketplace with H. Rider Haggard: Author-Publisher Relations in Mr. Meeson's Will SO ENGLISH LITERATURE IN TRANSITION 1880-1920 LA English DT Article C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Allen-Emerson, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENGLISH LITERATURE TRANSITION PI GREENSBORO PA UNIV NORTH CAROLINA DEPT ENGLISH, GREENSBORO, NC 27412-5001 USA SN 0013-8339 EI 1559-2715 J9 ENGL LIT TRANSITION JI Engl. Lit. Transit. PY 2014 VL 57 IS 4 BP 497 EP 518 PG 22 WC Literature, British Isles SC Literature GA AS7MX UT WOS:000344441100004 ER PT S AU Ryzhikov, VD Grinyov, BV Onyshchenko, GM Piven', LA Lysetska, OK Opolonin, OD Kostioukevitch, SA Smith, CF AF Ryzhikov, V. D. Grinyov, B. V. Onyshchenko, G. M. Piven', L. A. Lysetska, O. K. Opolonin, O. D. Kostioukevitch, S. A. Smith, C. F. BE Burger, A Franks, L James, RB Fiederle, M TI The neutron detectors based on oxide scintillators for control of fissionable radioactive substances SO HARD X-RAY, GAMMA-RAY, AND NEUTRON DETECTOR PHYSICS XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Conference on Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray and Neutron Detector Physics XVI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE scintillators; inelastic scattering; high efficiency; gamma-neutron detector AB In this work comparative response measurements and analyses of detection efficiency were carried out for oxide and alkali-halide scintillators exposed to fast and thermal neutrons from a Pu-239-Be source. The experimentally-obtained fast neutron detection efficiency for heavy inorganic (oxide) scintillators (Z >= 50) was found to reach similar to 40-50%. One of the most probable mechanism of the interactions between matter and fast neutrons is the inelastic scattering reaction (n, n'gamma); by directly measuring the occurrence of this reaction in oxide scintillators, high-efficiency fast neutron detection can be achieved, especially in the case of oxide scintillators containing heavy atomic constituents. It is concluded that the use of heavy oxide scintillators, which at the same time are efficient gamma-detectors allows the creation of a highly efficient gamma-neutron detector, which enables the high efficiency of detection of fissionable radioactive materials. In addition, detector design arrangements with associated electronic systems incorporating active protection methods were configured and tested, allowing a considerable (similar to 10(3) times) reduction in the level of registration of scattered external high-energy gamma rays. Our experimental results show that the efficiencies of fast neutron detection by different scintillator crystals are proportional to the thickness of the crystal in the range of 10-40 mm, and do not depend on the thickness of the crystal in the range of 40-100 mm. It was demonstrated the correlation between detection efficiency and the effective atomic number Z(eff) of the crystalline scintillation material. C1 [Ryzhikov, V. D.; Grinyov, B. V.; Onyshchenko, G. M.; Piven', L. A.; Lysetska, O. K.; Opolonin, O. D.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Scintillat Mat, 60 Lenin Ave, UA-61001 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Kostioukevitch, S. A.] Inst Semicond Phys, Kiev, Ukraine. [Smith, C. F.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. RP Ryzhikov, VD (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Scintillat Mat, 60 Lenin Ave, UA-61001 Kharkov, Ukraine. EM stcri@isc.kharkov.com FU NATO [SfP- 984605] FX This work was supported in part by NATO project SfP- 984605. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-240-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9213 AR UNSP 92131B DI 10.1117/12.2058185 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB5XK UT WOS:000344183600029 ER PT S AU Stephan, AW Budzien, SA Finn, SC Cook, TA Chakrabarti, S Powell, SP Psiaki, ML AF Stephan, Andrew W. Budzien, Scott A. Finn, Susanna C. Cook, Timothy A. Chakrabarti, Supriya Powell, Steven P. Psiaki, Mark L. BE Mouroulis, P Pagano, TS TI Ionospheric imaging using merged ultraviolet airglow and radio occultation data SO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY XIX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Imaging Spectrometry XIX CY AUG 18, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Ionosphere; ultraviolet; airglow; radio occultation; photometry; tomography ID ELECTRON-DENSITY; ATMOSPHERE AB The Limb-imaging Ionospheric and Thermospheric Extreme-ultraviolet Spectrograph (LITES) and GPS Radio Occultation and Ultraviolet Photometry-Colocated (GROUP-C) experiments are being considered for flight aboard the Space Test Program Houston 5 (STP-H5) experiment pallet to the International Space Station (ISS). LITES is a compact imaging spectrograph that makes one-dimensional images of atmospheric and ionospheric ultraviolet (60-140 nm) airglow above the limb of the Earth. The LITES optical design is advantageous in that it uses a toroidal grating as its lone optical surface to create these high-sensitivity images without the need for any moving parts. GROUP-C consists of two instruments: a nadir-viewing ultraviolet photometer that measures nighttime ionospheric airglow at 135.6 nm with unprecedented sensitivity, and a GPS receiver that measures ionospheric electron content and scintillation with the assistance of a novel antenna array designed for multipath mitigation. By flying together, these two experiments form an ionospheric observatory aboard the ISS that will provide new capability to study low-and mid-latitude ionospheric structures on a global scale. This paper presents the design and implementation of the LITES and GROUP-C experiments on the STP-H5 payload that will combine for the first time high-sensitivity in-track photometry with vertical spectrographic imagery of ionospheric airglow to create high-fidelity images of ionospheric structures. The addition of the GPS radio occultation measurement provides the unique opportunity to constrain, as well as cross-validate, the merged airglow measurements. C1 [Stephan, Andrew W.; Budzien, Scott A.] US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Finn, Susanna C.; Cook, Timothy A.; Chakrabarti, Supriya] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Powell, Steven P.; Psiaki, Mark L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Stephan, AW (reprint author), US Navy, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.stephan@nrl.navy.mil OI Powell, Steven/0000-0002-8829-6752 FU NRL Base Program [76-4963]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0266]; National Science Foundation [1145166]; FOTON experiment from the Office of Naval Research FX The STP-H5 payload is being integrated and flown under the direction of the Department of Defense Space Test Program. AWS and SAB are supported by NRL Base Program work unit 76-4963. The University of Massachusetts Lowell is supported in part by the Office of Naval Research grant N00014-13-1-0266 and the National Science Foundation grant 1145166. Cornell University acknowledges support for the FOTON experiment from the Office of Naval Research. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-249-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9222 AR UNSP 92220M DI 10.1117/12.2061420 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB5JU UT WOS:000343913700015 ER PT S AU Bayya, S Gibson, D Nuygen, V Fleet, E Vizgaitiz, J Sanghera, J AF Bayya, Shyam Gibson, Daniel Vinh Nuygen Fleet, Erin Vizgaitiz, Jay Sanghera, Jasbinder BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Hanson, CM Norton, PR TI Multispectral Optics Designs Using Expanded Glass Map SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XL SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 40th Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications CY MAY 04-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE SWIR; MWIR; LWIR; MILTRAN; IR glass; multispectral optics AB We report new materials that transmit from 0.9 to > 14 mu m in wavelength and fill up the glass map for multispectral optics having refractive index from 2.38 to 3.17. They show a large spread in dispersion ( Abbe number) and offer some unique solutions for multispectral optics designs. The new IR glasses can be easily molded and also fused together to make bonded doublets. We present the benefits of these new materials through dual-band optics designs and compare to designs using currently available crystalline materials. C1 [Bayya, Shyam; Gibson, Daniel; Vinh Nuygen; Fleet, Erin; Sanghera, Jasbinder] Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Vizgaitiz, Jay] US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Bayya, S (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-007-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9070 AR UNSP 90702G DI 10.1117/12.2050624 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB5UG UT WOS:000344113500084 ER PT S AU Fleet, EF Wilson, ML Von Berg, DL Giallorenzi, T Mathieu, B AF Fleet, Erin F. Wilson, Michael L. Von Berg, Dale Linne Giallorenzi, Thomas Mathieu, Barry BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Hanson, CM Norton, PR TI Folded path LWIR system for SWAP constrained platforms SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XL SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 40th Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications CY MAY 04-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Infrared; imaging; optical design ID OPTICS AB Folded path reflection and catadioptric optics are of growing interest, especially in the long wave infrared (LWIR), due to continuing demands for reductions in imaging system size, weight and power (SWAP). We present the optical design and laboratory data for a 50 mm focal length low f/# folded-path compact LWIR imaging system. The optical design uses 4 concentric aspheric mirrors, each of which is described by annular aspheric functions well suited to the folded path design space. The 4 mirrors are diamond turned onto two thin air-spaced aluminum plates which can be manually focused onto the uncooled LWIR microbolometer array detector. Stray light analysis will be presented to show how specialized internal baffling can be used to reduce stray light propagation through the folded path optical train. The system achieves near diffraction limited performance across the FOV with a 15 mm long optical train and a 5 mm back focal distance. The completed system is small enough to reside within a 3 inch diameter ball gimbal. C1 [Fleet, Erin F.; Wilson, Michael L.; Von Berg, Dale Linne] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Giallorenzi, Thomas] Corp, BDCS, 6909 Metro Pk Dr,Suite 500, Alexandria, VA 22310 USA. [Mathieu, Barry] Barry Design LLC, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Fleet, EF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM erin.fleet@nrl.navy.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-007-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9070 AR UNSP 907029 DI 10.1117/12.2050503 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB5UG UT WOS:000344113500078 ER PT S AU Gibson, D Bayya, S Sanghera, J Nguyen, V Scribner, D Maksimovic, V Gill, J Yi, A Deegan, J Unger, B AF Gibson, Daniel Bayya, Shyam Sanghera, Jas Vinh Nguyen Scribner, Dean Maksimovic, Velimir Gill, John Yi, Allen Deegan, John Unger, Blair BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Hanson, CM Norton, PR TI Layered Chalcogenide Glass Structures for IR Lenses SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XL SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 40th Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications CY MAY 04-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE IR; chalcogenide glass; IR lens; molded optics; LWIR; multispectral optics; optical design; finite-element modeling; IR imaging AB A technique for fabricating novel infrared (IR) lenses can enable a reduction in the size and weight of IR imaging optics through the use of layered glass structures. These structures can range from having a few thick glass layers, mimicking cemented doublets and triplets, to having many thin glass layers approximating graded index (GRIN) lenses. The effectiveness of these structures relies on having materials with diversity in refractive index (large Delta n) and dispersion and similar thermo-viscous behavior (common glass transition temperature, Delta Tg = 10 degrees C). A library of 13 chalcogenide glasses with broad IR transmission (NIR through LWIR bands) was developed to satisfy these criteria. The lens fabrication methodology, including glass design and synthesis, sheet fabrication, preform making, lens molding and surface finishing are presented C1 [Gibson, Daniel; Bayya, Shyam; Sanghera, Jas; Vinh Nguyen] Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Scribner, Dean; Maksimovic, Velimir; Gill, John] Northrop Grumman Syst Corp, Falls Church, VA USA. [Yi, Allen] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH USA. [Deegan, John] Rochester Precis Optic, West Henrietta, NY USA. [Unger, Blair] ASE Opt, West Henrietta, NY USA. RP Gibson, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU DARPA [HR0011- 2-C-0082] FX This work was supported in part by DARPA under Contract HR0011- 12-C-0082. The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U. S. Government. Distribution Statement A, Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-007-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9070 AR UNSP 90702I DI 10.1117/12.2050479 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB5UG UT WOS:000344113500086 ER PT S AU Sellami, L Ngo, H Fowler, CJ Kearney, LM AF Sellami, Louiza Ngo, Hau Fowler, Chris J. Kearney, Liam M. BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Hanson, CM Norton, PR TI Near-infrared facial recognition utilizing OpenCV software SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XL SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 40th Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications CY MAY 04-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Commercially available hardware, freely available algorithms, and authors' developed software are synergized successfully to detect and recognize subjects in an environment without visible light. This project integrates three major components: an illumination device operating in near infrared (NIR) spectrum, a NIR capable camera and a software algorithm capable of performing image manipulation, facial detection and recognition. Focusing our efforts in the near infrared spectrum allows the low budget system to operate covertly while still allowing for accurate face recognition. In doing so a valuable function has been developed which presents potential benefits in future civilian and military security and surveillance operations. C1 [Sellami, Louiza; Ngo, Hau; Fowler, Chris J.; Kearney, Liam M.] US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Sellami, L (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, 105 Maryland Ave,STOP 14B, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-007-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9070 AR 90703H DI 10.1117/12.2050494 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB5UG UT WOS:000344113500118 ER PT S AU Korotkova, O Avramov-Zamurovic, S Nelson, C Malek-Madani, R Gu, Y Gbur, G AF Korotkova, O. Avramov-Zamurovic, S. Nelson, C. Malek-Madani, R. Gu, Y. Gbur, G. BE VanEijk, AMJ Davis, CC Hammel, SM TI Scintillation reduction in multi-Gaussian Schell-model beams propagating in atmospheric turbulence SO LASER COMMUNICATION AND PROPAGATION THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEANS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Annual Conference on Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans CY AUG 17-19, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Atmospheric turbulence; random beams; scintillation ID INTENSITY FLUCTUATIONS; CORRELATED BEAMS; COHERENCE AB The recently introduced class of Multi-Gaussian Schell-model [MGSM] beams is investigated via simulations and experiments with regards to its intensity fluctuations on propagation in atmospheric turbulence. The results indicate that the scintillation index of the MGSM beam is reduced for high values of the summation index, in agreement with previous theoretical results. C1 [Korotkova, O.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. [Avramov-Zamurovic, S.] US Naval Acad, Weapons & Syst Engn, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Nelson, C.] US Naval Acad, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Malek-Madani, R.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Gu, Y.] City Univ New York, Opt Remote Sensing Lab, Dept Elect Engn, City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Gbur, G.] Univ North Carolina Charlotte, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Korotkova, O (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. EM korotkova@physics.miami.edu FU US ONR [N00189-14-T-0120]; USAFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0449, FA9550-13-1-0009] FX O. Korotkova's, S. Avramov- Zamurovic, C. Nelson and R. Malek- Madani's work is supported by grant: US ONR (N00189-14-T-0120) O. Korotkova's work is also supported by grant: USAFOSR (FA9550-12-1-0449).G. Gbur's research is sponseored by grant: US AFOSR (FA9550-13-1-0009). The authors are obliged to Stephen Guth for helping during the field testing and processing of the data. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-251-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9224 AR UNSP 92240M DI 10.1117/12.2062601 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Telecommunications GA BB5XH UT WOS:000344182200020 ER PT S AU Majumdar, AK Land, P Siegenthaler, J AF Majumdar, Arun K. Land, Phillip Siegenthaler, John BE VanEijk, AMJ Davis, CC Hammel, SM TI Statistical characterization of fluctuations of a laser beam transmitted through a random air-water interface: new results from a laboratory experiment SO LASER COMMUNICATION AND PROPAGATION THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEANS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Annual Conference on Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans CY AUG 17-19, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE optical communications; air-water interface; underwater communications; random media; bit-error-rate ID COMMUNICATION; WANDER; UPLINK AB New results for characterizing laser intensity fluctuation statistics of a laser beam transmitted through a random air-water interface relevant to underwater communications are presented. A laboratory water-tank experiment is described to investigate the beam wandering effects of the transmitted beam. Preliminary results from the experiment provide information about histograms of the probability density functions of intensity fluctuations for different wind speeds measured by a CMOS camera for the transmitted beam. Angular displacements of the centroids of the fluctuating laser beam generates the beam wander effects. This research develops a probabilistic model for optical propagation at the random air-water interface for a transmission case under different wind speed conditions. Preliminary results for bit-error-rate (BER) estimates as a function of fade margin for an on-off keying (OOK) optical communication through the air-water interface are presented for a communication system where a random air-water interface is a part of the communication channel. C1 [Majumdar, Arun K.; Land, Phillip; Siegenthaler, John] Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Majumdar, AK (reprint author), Naval Air Warfare Ctr, Weap Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. EM arun.majumdar@navy.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-251-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9224 AR 922415 DI 10.1117/12.2064436 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Telecommunications GA BB5XH UT WOS:000344182200038 ER PT S AU Sprangle, PA Ting, AC Kaganovich, D Khizhnyak, AI Tomov, IV Markov, VB Korobkin, DV AF Sprangle, Phillip A. Ting, Antonio C. Kaganovich, Dmitry Khizhnyak, Anatoliy I. Tomov, Ivan V. Markov, Vladimir B. Korobkin, Dmitriy V. BE VanEijk, AMJ Davis, CC Hammel, SM TI Advanced TIL System for Laser Beam Focusing in a Turbulent Regime SO LASER COMMUNICATION AND PROPAGATION THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEANS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Annual Conference on Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans CY AUG 17-19, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE target-in-the-loop; phase conjugation; Brillouin scattering AB This paper discusses an advanced target in the loop (ATIL) system with its performance based on a nonlinear phase conjugation scheme that performs rapid adjustment of the laser beam wavefront to mitigate effects associated with atmospheric turbulence along the propagation path. The ATIL method allows positional control of the laser spot (the beacon) on a remote imaged-resolved target. The size of this beacon is governed by the reciprocity of two counter-propagating beams (one towards the target and another scattered by the target) and the fidelity of the phase conjugation scheme. In this presentation we will present the results of the thorough analysis of ATIL operation, factors that affect its performance, its focusing efficiency and the comparison of laboratory experimental validation and computer simulation results. C1 [Sprangle, Phillip A.; Ting, Antonio C.; Kaganovich, Dmitry] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sprangle, Phillip A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Khizhnyak, Anatoliy I.; Tomov, Ivan V.; Markov, Vladimir B.; Korobkin, Dmitriy V.] Adv Syst & Technol Inc, Irvine, CA 92618 USA. RP Sprangle, PA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. OI Kaganovich, Dmitri/0000-0002-0905-5871 FU Joint Technology Office; Physical Science Inc. FX The authors are grateful for the support from Joint Technology Office (Ph. Sprangle, A. Ting, and D. Kaganovich) and Physical Science Inc. (A. Khizhnyak, I. Tomov, V. Markov, and D. Korobkin). NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-251-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9224 AR UNSP 92240H DI 10.1117/12.2062620 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Physics; Telecommunications GA BB5XH UT WOS:000344182200015 ER PT S AU Baker, C Kim, W Friebele, EJ Villalobos, G Frantz, J Shaw, LB Sadowski, B Fontana, J Dubinskii, M Zhang, J Sanghera, J AF Baker, C. Kim, W. Friebele, E. J. Villalobos, G. Frantz, J. Shaw, L. B. Sadowski, B. Fontana, J. Dubinskii, M. Zhang, J. Sanghera, J. BE Cabrini, S Lerondel, G Schwartzberg, AM Mokari, T TI Synthesis of high purity metal oxide nanoparticles for optical applications SO NANOPHOTONIC MATERIALS XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nanophotonic Materials XI CY AUG 20-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Nanoparticles; ceramic lasers; material phase; metal oxides ID CERAMIC POWDERS; FLAME SYNTHESIS; LASER; THULIUM; HO AB In this paper we present our recent research results in synthesizing various metal oxide nanoparticles for use as laser gain media (solid state as well as fiber lasers) and transparent ceramic windows via two separate techniques, co-precipitation and flame spray pyrolysis. The nanoparticles were pressed into ceramic discs that exhibited optical transmission approaching the theoretical limit and showed very high optical-to-optical lasing slope efficiency. We have also synthesized sesquioxide nanoparticles using a Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) technique that leads to the synthesis of a metastable phase of sesquioxide which allows fabricating excellent optical quality transparent windows with very fine grain sizes. Finally, we present our research in the synthesis of rare earth doped boehmite nanoparticles where the rare-earth ion is encased in a cage of aluminum and oxygen to prevent ion-ion proximity and energy transfer. The preforms have been drawn into fibers exhibiting long lifetimes and high laser efficiencies. C1 [Baker, C.; Kim, W.; Friebele, E. J.; Villalobos, G.; Frantz, J.; Shaw, L. B.; Fontana, J.; Sanghera, J.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sadowski, B.] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD USA. [Dubinskii, M.; Zhang, J.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Baker, C (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM colin.baker@nrl.navy.mil RI Baker, Colin/I-6657-2015 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-188-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9161 AR UNSP 91610D DI 10.1117/12.2061082 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics GA BB5UB UT WOS:000344107800006 ER PT S AU Bayya, S Villalobos, G Kim, W Sanghera, J Hunt, M Aggarwal, I AF Bayya, Shyam Villalobos, Guillermo Kim, Woohong Sanghera, Jasbinder Hunt, Michael Aggarwal, Ishwar BE Kazemi, AA Kress, BC Mendoza, EA Murshid, SH Javahiraly, N Ishihara, AK TI Rugged Sensor Window Materials for Harsh Environments SO PHOTONICS APPLICATIONS FOR AVIATION, AEROSPACE, COMMERCIAL, AND HARSH ENVIRONMENTS V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Photonics Applications for Aviation, Aerospace, Commercial, and Harsh Environments V CY AUG 18-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Spinel; absorption loss; High Energy Laser; Photonic mast; BGG glass; composite; ion-exchange; beta-SiC AB There are several military or commercial systems operating in very harsh environments that require rugged windows. On some of these systems, windows become the single point of failure. These applications include sensor or imaging systems, high-energy laser weapons systems, submarine photonic masts, IR countermeasures and missiles. Based on the sea or land or air based platforms the window or dome on these systems must withstand wave slap, underwater or ground based explosions, or survive flight through heavy rain and sand storms while maintaining good optical transmission in the desired wavelength range. Some of these applications still use softer ZnS or fused silica windows because of lack of availability of rugged materials in shapes or sizes required. Sapphire, ALON and spinel are very rugged materials with significantly higher strengths compared to ZnS and fused silica. There have been recent developments in spinel, ALON and sapphire materials to fabricate in large sizes and conformal shapes. We have been developing spinel ceramics for several of these applications. We are also developing beta-SiC as a transparent window material as it has higher hardness, strength, and toughness than sapphire, ALON and spinel. This paper gives a summary of our recent findings. C1 [Bayya, Shyam; Villalobos, Guillermo; Kim, Woohong; Sanghera, Jasbinder] Naval Res Lab, Code 5620,4555 Overlook Av SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hunt, Michael] Univ Res Fdn, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Aggarwal, Ishwar] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. RP Bayya, S (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5620,4555 Overlook Av SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-229-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9202 AR UNSP 92021D DI 10.1117/12.2062160 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB5JR UT WOS:000343913000042 ER PT J AU Grigorchuk, RI Medynets, KS AF Grigorchuk, R. I. Medynets, K. S. TI On algebraic properties of topological full groups SO SBORNIK MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE full group; Cantor system; finitely generated group; simple group; amenable group ID CANTOR MINIMAL SYSTEMS; ORBIT EQUIVALENCE; AMENABLE-GROUPS; HOMEOMORPHISMS; TRANSFORMATIONS; RECONSTRUCTION; PRODUCTS; ENTROPY; SET AB We discuss the algebraic structure of the topological full group [[T]] of a Cantor minimal system (X, T). We show that [[T]] has a structure similar to a union of permutational wreath products of the group Z. This allows us to prove that the topological full groups are locally embeddable into finite groups, give an elementary proof of the fact that the group [[T]]' is infinitely presented, and provide explicit examples of maximal locally finite subgroups of [[T]]. We also show that the commutator subgroup [[T]]', which is simple and finitely-generated for minimal subshifts, is decomposable into a product of two locally finite groups, and that [[T]] and [[T]]' possess continuous ergodic invariant random subgroups. C1 [Grigorchuk, R. I.] Russian Acad Sci, VA Steklov Math Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia. [Grigorchuk, R. I.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Math, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Medynets, K. S.] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Grigorchuk, RI (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, VA Steklov Math Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia. EM grigorch@math.tamu.edu; medynets@usna.edu FU NSF grant [DMS-1207699]; ONR grant [N001613WX20992] FX The first author was partially supported by the NSF grant DMS-1207699. The second author acknowledges the partial support of the ONR grant no. N001613WX20992. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TURPION LTD PI BRISTOL PA C/O TURPION LTD, IOP PUBLISHING, TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6HG, ENGLAND SN 1064-5616 EI 1468-4802 J9 SB MATH+ JI Sb. Math. PY 2014 VL 205 IS 6 BP 843 EP 861 DI 10.1070/SM2014v205n06ABEH004400 PG 19 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AS2AB UT WOS:000344080300004 ER PT J AU Preusse, P Ern, M Bechtold, P Eckermann, SD Kalisch, S Trinh, QT Riese, M AF Preusse, P. Ern, M. Bechtold, P. Eckermann, S. D. Kalisch, S. Trinh, Q. T. Riese, M. TI Characteristics of gravity waves resolved by ECMWF SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE; STRATOSPHERIC MOUNTAIN WAVES; QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; DEEP TROPICAL CONVECTION; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; MOMENTUM FLUX; DRAG PARAMETERIZATION; SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES; CRISTA TEMPERATURES AB Global model data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) are analyzed for resolved gravity waves (GWs). Based on fitted 3-D wave vectors of individual waves and using the ECMWF global scale background fields, backward ray tracing from 25 km altitude is performed. Different sources such as orography, convection and winter storms are identified. It is found that due to oblique propagation waves spread widely from narrow source regions. Gravity waves which originate from regions of strong convection are frequently excited around the tropopause and have in the ECMWF model low phase and group velocities as well as very long horizontal wavelengths compared to other models and to measurements. While the total amount of momentum flux for convective GWs changes little over season, GWs generated by storms and mountain waves show large day-to-day variability, which has a strong influence also on total hemispheric fluxes; from one day to the next the total hemispheric flux may increase by a factor of 3. Implications of these results for using the ECMWF model in predicting, analyzing and interpreting global GW distributions as well as implications for seamless climate prediction are discussed. C1 [Preusse, P.; Ern, M.; Kalisch, S.; Trinh, Q. T.; Riese, M.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energy & Climate Res IEK Stratosphere 7, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Bechtold, P.] ECMWF, Reading, Berks, England. [Eckermann, S. D.] Naval Res Lab, Space Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Preusse, P (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energy & Climate Res IEK Stratosphere 7, D-52425 Julich, Germany. EM p.preusse@fz-juelich.de RI Riese, Martin/A-3927-2013; Ern, Manfred/I-8839-2016; Preusse, Peter/A-1193-2013 OI Riese, Martin/0000-0001-6398-6493; Ern, Manfred/0000-0002-8565-2125; Preusse, Peter/0000-0002-8997-4965 FU ESA through the study "Observation of Gravity Waves from Space" [CN/22561/09/NL/AF]; Office of Naval Research FX The work was supported in part by ESA through the study "Observation of Gravity Waves from Space" (CN/22561/09/NL/AF) in support of the ESA Earth Explorer 7 candidate PREMIER. SDE's research was supported by the Office of Naval Research. We thank Jorg Langen for many helpful comments made during the study. The authors want to thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions, and the editor William Lahoz for his patient and thorough reading of the manuscript. Both helped greatly to improve the presentation of the material. NR 112 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 23 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 19 BP 10483 EP 10508 DI 10.5194/acp-14-10483-2014 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AS3GF UT WOS:000344164800006 ER PT S AU Andrews, JR Clark, J Restainol, SR Armstrong, JT Schmitt, H Baines, EK Hutter, DJ Benson, JA Zavala, BT AF Andrews, Jonathan R. Clark, Jim Restainol, Sergio R. Armstrong, J. Tom Schmitt, Henrique Baines, Ellyn K. Hutter, Donald J. Benson, James A. Zavala, Bob T. BE Furlong, C Gorecki, C DeGroot, PJ Novak, EL TI Adding Baselines at the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer SO INTERFEROMETRY XVII: ADVANCED APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Interferometry XVII - Advanced Applications CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE optical interferometry; astronomy AB The Navy Precision Optical Interferometer is an astronomical optical interferometer operating near Flagstaff, Arizona. A joint program between the United States Naval Observatory, the Naval Research Laboratory and Lowell Observatory, it has historically been involved in space imagery and astrometry. More recent work has pushed for the addition of more baselines. It is currently capable of co-phasing 6 elements, so the commissioning of additional baselines requires ease of use and reconfigurability. At the time of this publication, a seventh station has been added and the final commissioning work on an eighth and ninth station are being completed. These last two stations will increase the longest baseline to 435 meters. This paper discusses the work to date on adding these stations and provides details on increased capabilities. C1 [Andrews, Jonathan R.; Clark, Jim; Restainol, Sergio R.; Armstrong, J. Tom; Schmitt, Henrique; Baines, Ellyn K.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. United States Navy Observ Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Andrews, JR (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-231-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9204 AR UNSP 92040H DI 10.1117/12.2062616 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB5HK UT WOS:000343873800016 ER PT S AU Kozak, DA Stievater, T Pruessner, M Rabinovich, W AF Kozak, Dmitry A. Stievater, Todd Pruessner, Marcel Rabinovich, William BE Campo, EM Dobisz, EA Eldada, LA TI Progress Towards a MEMS Tunable Infrared Filter using Porous Silicon SO NANOENGINEERING: FABRICATION, PROPERTIES, OPTICS, AND DEVICES XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nanoengineering - Fabrication, Properties, Optics, and Devices XI CY AUG 19-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Porous silicon; infrared; distributed Bragg reflector; optical filter AB The unique optical properties of porous silicon show it to be a promising material for imaging and spectroscopy in the mid-infrared and long-infrared wavelength ranges. A tunable MEMS filter using porous silicon as a high-reflectivity layer is proposed. Measurements on fabricated porous silicon-based distributed Bragg reflectors and Fabry-Perot etalons are presented. C1 [Kozak, Dmitry A.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. [Stievater, Todd; Pruessner, Marcel; Rabinovich, William] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Kozak, DA (reprint author), CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. EM dmitry.kozak.ctr@nrl.navy.mil FU National Research Council FX Dmitry A. Kozak acknowledges post-doctoral fellowship support from National Research Council. Fabrication is performed at Nanoscience Institute (NSI) at NRL. The authors are grateful to Dr. Marc Christophersen for the etching cell and discussions on porous silicon. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-197-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9170 AR UNSP 91700C DI 10.1117/12.2060925 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BB5HM UT WOS:000343874400007 ER PT S AU Alley, D Cochenour, B Laux, A Mullen, L AF Alley, Derek Cochenour, Brandon Laux, Alan Mullen, Linda BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Multistatic Optical Imaging System SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE laser imaging; underwater; multistatic AB Conventional underwater laser imaging systems are configured such that the laser illuminator and the optical receiver co-exist on the same platform. The main challenge for optical imaging in turbid water is the collection of light that is scattered multiple times on its path to and from the scene of interest. Sophisticated techniques using pulsed or modulated lasers and gated, high speed photo receivers have been developed to reject scattered light and enhance image quality. Although advancements in laser and receiver hardware have made it possible to reduce the size, weight and power of these laser imaging systems, it is still a significant challenge to make these systems compatible with small, autonomous platforms that are desirable for undersea surveillance. Researchers at NAVAIR have developed a multistatic laser imaging approach where the transmitter(s) and receiver(s) are located on separate, smaller platforms. Each laser illuminator is temporally encoded with information that is used by the receiver(s) to construct an image. Recently, this multistatic configuration was modified so that both 2D (amplitude) and 3D (amplitude and range) underwater imagery was collected. This new system design enables the system to identify low contrast objects that contain distinct range relief features. Results from recent laboratory water tank experiments will be presented to evaluate the performance of this new 3D, multistatic laser imaging system in different water environments. C1 [Alley, Derek; Cochenour, Brandon; Laux, Alan; Mullen, Linda] NAVAIR, Electroopt & Special Mission Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Alley, D (reprint author), NAVAIR, Electroopt & Special Mission Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR 91110L DI 10.1117/12.2051711 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700014 ER PT S AU Arnone, R Vandermeulen, R Ladner, SD Bowers, J Martinolich, P Fargion, G Ondrusek, M AF Arnone, R. Vandermeulen, R. Ladner, S. D. Bowers, J. Martinolich, P. Fargion, G. Ondrusek, M. BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Sensitivity of calibration "gains" to ocean color processing in coastal and open waters using ensembles members for NPP-VIIRS SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE Satellite; SNPP VIIRS; Ocean Color; Optics; Validation; Vicarious Calibration ID VALIDATION; ALGORITHM; AERONET AB The sensitivity of ocean color products to variations in vicarious calibration gains at Top of Atmosphere (TOA) shows varying impacts in different water types for Suomi- NPP VIIRS. Blue water vicarious gains from MOBY in situ data, which is used for global open waters, and green water gains derived from complex coastal WaveCIS AERONET waters, have a different impact on spectral normalized water leaving radiances and the derived ocean color products (inherent optical properties, chlorophyll). We evaluated the influence of gains from open and coastal waters by establishing a set of ensemble-processed products. The TOA gains show a non-linear impact on derived ocean color products, since gains affect multiple ocean color processing algorithms such as atmospheric correction, NIR iterations, etc. We show how the variations within the ensemble TOA gain members spatially impact derived products from different water types (high CDOM, high backscattering, etc). The difference in color products derived from the Blue and Green water gain show a spatial distribution to characterize the product uncertainty in coastal and open ocean water types. The results of the ensemble gain members are evaluated with in situ matchups. Results suggest the sensitivity of the ocean color processing for open ocean verses coastal waters. C1 [Arnone, R.; Vandermeulen, R.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Ladner, S. D.] Stennis Space Ctr, Naval Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Bowers, J.; Martinolich, P.] Stennis Space Ctr, QinetiQ North Amer, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Fargion, G.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92115 USA. [Ondrusek, M.] NOAA, NESDIS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Arnone, R (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RI Ondrusek, Michael/F-5617-2010 OI Ondrusek, Michael/0000-0002-5311-9094 FU Navy; NOAA FX We acknowledge the support from Navy and NOAA sponsors. We appreciate NOAA CLASS for providing VIIRS data and the JPSS SDR team for contribution of the VIIRS weekly LUTS. We recognize the NASA AERONET - OC network and the MOBY team for providing quality data in a timely manner. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 911105 DI 10.1117/12.2053409 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700003 ER PT S AU Bowers, J Amone, R Ladner, S Fargion, GS Lawson, A Martinolich, P Vandermeulen, R AF Bowers, Jennifer Amone, Robert Ladner, Sherwin Fargion, Giulietta S. Lawson, Adam Martinolich, Paul Vandermeulen, Ryan BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Regional Vicarious Gain Adjustment for Coastal VIIRS Products SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE VIIRS; Vicarious Calibration; Vicarious Gain Adjustment; Coastal Remote Sensing; Satellite Ocean Color; Coastal Validation AB As part of the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Ocean Cal/Val Team, Naval Research Lab - Stennis Space Center (NRL-SSC) has been working to facilitate calibration and validation of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) ocean color products. By relaxing the constraints of the NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG) methodology for vicarious calibration of ocean color satellites and utilizing the Aerosol Robotic Network Ocean Color (AERONET-OC) system to provide in situ data, we investigated differences between remotely sensed water leaving radiance and the expected in situ response in coastal areas and compare the results to traditional Marine Optical Buoy (MOBY) calibration/validation activities. An evaluation of the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (SNPP)-VIIRS ocean color products was performed in coastal waters using the time series data obtained from the Northern Gulf of Mexico AERONET-OC site, WaveCIS. The coastal site provides different water types with varying complexity of CDOM, sedimentary, and chlorophyll components. Time series data sets were used to develop a vicarious gain adjustment (VGA) at this site, which provides a regional top of the atmospheric (TOA) spectral offset to compare the standard MOBY spectral calibration gain in open ocean waters. C1 [Bowers, Jennifer; Martinolich, Paul] QinetiQ North Amer, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Amone, Robert; Vandermeulen, Ryan] Univ So Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Ladner, Sherwin; Lawson, Adam] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Fargion, Giulietta S.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA USA. RP Bowers, J (reprint author), QinetiQ North Amer, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 911114 DI 10.1117/12.2053187 PG 11 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700027 ER PT S AU Church, P Hou, WL Fournier, G Dalgleish, F Butler, D Pari, S Jamieson, M Pike, D AF Church, Philip Hou, Weilin Fournier, Georges Dalgleish, Fraser Butler, Derek Pari, Sergio Jamieson, Michael Pike, David BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Overview of a Hybrid Underwater Camera System SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE Sonar; Laser Range-gated camera; Underwater imaging; Turbidity AB The paper provides an overview of a Hybrid Underwater Camera (HUC) system combining sonar with a range-gated laser camera system. The sonar is the BlueView P900-45, operating at 900kHz with a field of view of 45 degrees and ranging capability of 60m. The range-gated laser camera system is based on the third generation LUCIE (Laser Underwater Camera Image Enhancer) sensor originally developed by the Defence Research and Development Canada. LUCIE uses an eye-safe laser generating 1ns pulses at a wavelength of 532nm and at the rate of 25kHz. An intensified CCD camera operates with a gating mechanism synchronized with the laser pulse. The gate opens to let the camera capture photons from a given range of interest and can be set from a minimum delay of 5ns with increments of 200ps. The output of the sensor is a 30Hz video signal. Automatic ranging is achieved using a sonar altimeter. The BlueView sonar and LUCIE sensors are integrated with an underwater computer that controls the sensors parameters and displays the real-time data for the sonar and the laser camera. As an initial step for data integration, graphics overlays representing the laser camera field-of-view along with the gate position and width are overlaid on the sonar display. The HUC system can be manually handled by a diver and can also be controlled from a surface vessel through an umbilical cord. Recent test data obtained from the HUC system operated in a controlled underwater environment will be presented along with measured performance characteristics. C1 [Church, Philip; Butler, Derek; Pari, Sergio; Jamieson, Michael; Pike, David] Neptec Technol Corp, 302 Legget Dr, Kanata, ON K2K IY5, Canada. [Hou, Weilin] Stennis Space Ctr, Naval Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39529 USA. [Fournier, Georges] Def R&D Canada, Quebec City G3J 1X5, PQ, Canada. [Dalgleish, Fraser] Florida Atlant Univ, Oceanograph Inst, Harbor Branch, Ocean Visibil & Optic Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. RP Church, P (reprint author), Neptec Technol Corp, 302 Legget Dr, Kanata, ON K2K IY5, Canada. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 91110O DI 10.1117/12.2053365 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700017 ER PT S AU Illig, DW Jemison, WD Lee, RW Laux, A Mullen, LJ AF Illig, David W. Jemison, William D. Lee, Robert W. Laux, Alan Mullen, Linda J. BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Optical Ranging Techniques in Turbid Waters SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE LIDAR; underwater; laser; modulation; ranging; scattering ID TARGET DETECTION; SEA-WATER; FREQUENCY; REFLECTOMETRY; ENHANCEMENT; LASER AB In this paper simulation and experimental results are presented for two hybrid lidar-radar modulation techniques for underwater laser ranging. Both approaches use a combination of multi-frequency and single frequency modulation with the goal of simultaneously providing good range accuracy, unambiguous range, and backscatter suppression. The first approach uses a combination of dual and single frequency modulation. The performance is explored as a function of increasing average frequency while keeping the difference frequency of the dual tones constant. The second approach uses a combination of a stepped multi-tone modulation called frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) and single frequency modulation. The FDR technique is shown to allow simultaneous detection of the range of both the volumetric center of the backscattered "clutter" signal and the desired object. Experimental and simulated results are in good agreement for both techniques and performance out to ten attenuations lengths is reported. C1 [Illig, David W.; Jemison, William D.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 8 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Lee, Robert W.; Laux, Alan; Mullen, Linda J.] NAVAIR, Naval Air Syst Command, Elect Optic & Special Miss Sensors Div, Patuxent River 20670, MD USA. RP Illig, DW (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 8 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 91110R DI 10.1117/12.2048893 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700019 ER PT S AU Kil, B Burrage, D Wesson, J Howden, S AF Kil, Bumjun Burrage, Derek Wesson, Joel Howden, Stephan BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Relationship between sea surface salinity from L-band radiometer and optical features in the East China Sea SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE East China Sea; Sea surface salinity; Colored dissolved organic matter; Aquarius/SAC-D ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; WATERS; COEFFICIENTS; PARTICLES; ESTUARY; COASTAL; COLOR; OCEAN AB The East China Sea (ECS) is often obscured from space in the visible and near-visible bands by cloud cover, which prevents remote sensing retrieval of optical properties. However, clouds are transparent to microwaves, and satellites with L-band radiometers have recently been put into orbit to monitor sea surface salinity (SSS). Previous studies have used the mixing of fluvial colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) near coasts, where the mixing is approximately conservative over short time scales, to estimate SSS. In this study, the usual relationship between CDOM and salinity in the ECS has been used in reverse to estimate CDOM from remotely sensed SSS in the ECS and compare that CDOM with MODIS data. The SSS data used are 7 day composites from NASA's Aquarius/SAC-D satellite which has an L-band radiometer. The challenges in using this approach are that 1) Aquarius SSS has coarse spatial resolution (150 km), and 2) the ECS has numerous anthropogenic sources of radiofrequency interference which adds noise to the L-band signal for the SSS retrievals. Despite the limits in the method, CDOM distribution in the ECS can be estimated under cloudy conditions. In addition to all-weather retrievals, an additional advantage of the approach is that the algorithm provides an estimate of CDOM absorption that is unaffected by the spectrally similar detritus absorption that can confound optical remote sensing estimates of CDOM. C1 [Kil, Bumjun; Howden, Stephan] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Burrage, Derek; Wesson, Joel] Stennis Space Ctr, Naval Res Lab, Div Oceanography, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Kil, B (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. FU Office of Naval Research as part of NRL's basic research project Sea Surface Roughness Impacts on Microwave Sea Surface Salinity Measurements ( SRIMS) under Program Element 61153N FX The Aquarius/ SAC-D data was provided by NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory via Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center. The Aqua-MODIS data was provided via NASA Ocean color web. The KODC in situ salinity data was provided by Republic of Korea National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. The authors would like to thank Dr. Antonio Mannino in NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for providing the CDOM measurement, Dr. SeJong, Ju in Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology for providing ocean salinity measurement in the East China Sea via NASA SeaWiFS Bio-optical Archive and Storage System. The first author would like to thank Dr. Jerry Wiggert and Robert Arnone in the University of Southern Mississippi for good suggestions. And the first author gratefully acknowledges receipt of a student travel grant awarded by Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers. Work by the second and third author was supported by the Office of Naval Research as part of NRL's basic research project Sea Surface Roughness Impacts on Microwave Sea Surface Salinity Measurements ( SRIMS) under Program Element 61153N. This is NRL contribution NRL/PP/7330-14-2132. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 91110A DI 10.1117/12.2052951 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700008 ER PT S AU Ladner, SD Arnone, R Vandermeulen, R Martinolich, P Lawson, A Bowers, J Crouti, R Ondrusek, M Fargion, G AF Ladner, S. D. Arnone, R. Vandermeulen, R. Martinolich, P. Lawson, A. Bowers, J. Crouti, R. Ondrusek, M. Fargion, G. BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Inter-Satellite Comparison and Evaluation of Navy SNPP-VIIRS and MODIS-Aqua Ocean Color Properties SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE Satellite; SNPP VIIRS; Ocean Color; Optics; Validation; Vicarious Calibration ID PRODUCTS; AERONET AB Navy operational ocean color products of inherent optical properties and radiances are evaluated for the Suomi-NPP VIIRS and MODIS-Aqua sensors. Statistical comparisons with shipboard measurements were determined in a wide variety of coastal, shelf and offshore locations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico during two cruises in 2013. Product consistency between MODIS-Aqua, nearing its end-of-life expectancy, and Suomi-NPP VIIRS is being evaluated for the Navy to retrieve accurate ocean color properties operationally from VIIRS in a variety of water types. Currently, the existence, accuracy and consistency of multiple ocean color sensors (VIIRS, MODIS-Aqua) provides multiple looks per day for monitoring the temporal and spatial variability of coastal waters. Consistent processing methods and algorithms are used in the Navy's Automated Processing System (APS) for both sensors for this evaluation. The inherent optical properties from both sensors are derived using a coupled ocean-atmosphere NIR correction extending well into the bays and estuaries where high sediment and CDOM absorption dominate the optical signature. Coastal optical properties are more complex and vary from chlorophyll-dominated waters offshore. The in-water optical properties were derived using vicariously calibrated remote sensing reflectances and the Quasi Analytical Algorithm (QAA) to derive the Inherent Optical Properties (IOP's). The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the JPSS program have been actively engaged in calibration/validation activities for Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) ocean color products. C1 [Ladner, S. D.; Lawson, A.; Crouti, R.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Arnone, R.; Vandermeulen, R.] Univ Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, Dept Marine Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39529 USA. [Martinolich, P.; Bowers, J.] Stennis Space Ctr, QinetiQ North Amer, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Ondrusek, M.] NOAA, NESDIS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Fargion, G.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92115 USA. RP Ladner, SD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RI Ondrusek, Michael/F-5617-2010 OI Ondrusek, Michael/0000-0002-5311-9094 FU Navy; NOAA FX We greatly appreciate the support we have received from our Navy and NOAA sponsors. Wesley Goode (NRL), Mike Ondrusek ( NOAA),Nima Pahlevan (UMASS) and ZhongPing Lee ( UMASS) is recognized for collecting, processing and providing in situ cruise data. We appreciate NAVO (VIIRS SDR AFWA) and NOAA CLASS for providing VIIRS and MODIS Aqua data in a timely manner and the JPSS SDR team for contribution of the VIIRS weekly LUTS. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 911107 DI 10.1117/12.2053060 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700005 ER PT S AU Matt, S Hou, WL Goode, W AF Matt, Silvia Hou, Weilin Goode, Wesley BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI The impact of turbulent fluctuations on light propagation in a controlled environment SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE optical turbulence; laboratory experiments; ADV profiler; TKED; TD AB Underwater temperature and salinity microstructure can lead to localized changes in the index of refraction and can be a limiting factor in oceanic environments. This optical turbulence can affect electro-optical (EO) signal transmissions that impact various applications, from diver visibility to active and passive remote sensing. To quantify the scope of the impacts from turbulent flows on EO signal transmission, and to examine and mitigate turbulence effects, we perform experiments in a controlled turbulence environment allowing the variation of turbulence intensity. This controlled turbulence setup is implemented at the Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center (NRLSSC). Convective turbulence is generated in a classical Rayleigh-Benard tank and the turbulent flow is quantified using a state-of-the-art suite of sensors that includes high-resolution Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter profilers and fast thermistor probes. The measurements are complemented by very highresolution non-hydrostatic numerical simulations. These computational fluid dynamics simulations allow for a more complete characterization of the convective flow in the laboratory tank than would be provided by measurements alone. Optical image degradation in the tank is assessed in relation to turbulence intensity. The unique approach of integrating optical techniques, turbulence measurements and numerical simulations helps advance our understanding of how to mitigate the effects of turbulence impacts on underwater optical signal transmission, as well as of the use of optical techniques to probe oceanic processes. C1 [Matt, Silvia] CNR, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. [Hou, Weilin; Goode, Wesley] Naval Res Lab, Ocean Sci Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Matt, S (reprint author), CNR, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. EM silvia.matt.ctr@nrlssc.navy.mil FU ONR/NRL [73-6604]; National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship FX This project was supported by ONR/NRL 73-6604. Silvia Mattis supported by a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 911113 DI 10.1117/12.2053062 PG 11 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700026 ER PT S AU O'Connor, S Lee, R Mullen, L Cochenour, B AF O'Connor, Shawn Lee, Robert Mullen, Linda Cochenour, Brandon BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Waveform Design Considerations for Modulated Pulse Lidar SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE modulated pulse lidar; phase encoding; frequency chirp; clutter suppression ID LIGHT-PROPAGATION; WATER AB Techniques have been developed to mitigate many of the issues associated with underwater imaging in turbid environments. However, as targets get smaller and better camouflaged, new techniques are needed to enhance system sensitivity. Researchers at NAVAIR have been developing several techniques that use RF modulation to suppress background clutter and enhance target detection. One approach in particular uses modulation to encode a pulse in a synchronous line scan configuration. Previous results have shown this technique to be effective at both forward and backscatter suppression. Nearly a perfect analog to modulated pulse radar, this technique can leverage additional signal processing and pulse encoding schemes to further suppress background clutter, pull signals out of noise, and improve image resolution. Additionally, using a software controlled transmitter, we can exploit this flexibility without the need to change out expensive hardware. Various types of encoding schemes were tested and compared. We report on their comparative effectiveness relative to a more conventional non-coded pulse scheme to suppress background clutter and improved target detection. C1 [O'Connor, Shawn; Lee, Robert; Mullen, Linda; Cochenour, Brandon] Naval Air Syst Command, NAVAIR, Electroopt & Special Mission Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP O'Connor, S (reprint author), Naval Air Syst Command, NAVAIR, Electroopt & Special Mission Sensors Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR 91110P DI 10.1117/12.2050395 PG 13 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700018 ER PT S AU Ondrusek, ME Stengel, E Rella, MA Goode, W Ladner, S Feinholz, M AF Ondrusek, M. E. Stengel, E. Rella, M. Ampollo Goode, W. Ladner, S. Feinholz, M. BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Validation of Ocean Color Sensors Using a Profiling Hyperspectral Radiometer SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE Satlantic Hyperpro; In Situ Measurements; Ocean Color Validation; VIIRS ID VICARIOUS CALIBRATION; COASTAL WATERS AB Validation measurements of satellite ocean color sensors require in situ measurements that are accurate, repeatable and traceable enough to distinguish variability between in situ measurements and variability in the signal being observed on orbit. The utility of using a Satlantic Profiler II equipped with HyperOCR radiometers (Hyperpro) for validating ocean color sensors is tested by assessing the stability of the calibration coefficients and by comparing Hyperpro in situ measurements to other instruments and between different Hyperpros in a variety of water types. Calibration and characterization of the NOAA Satlantic Hyperpro instrument is described and concurrent measurements of water-leaving radiances conducted during cruises are presented between this profiling instrument and other profiling, above-water and moored instruments. The moored optical instruments are the US operated Marine Optical BuoY (MOBY) and the French operated Boussole Buoy. In addition, Satlantic processing versions are described in terms of accuracy and consistency. A new multi-cast approach is compared to the most commonly used single cast method. Analysis comparisons are conducted in turbid and blue water conditions. Examples of validation matchups with VIIRS ocean color data are presented. With careful data collection and analysis, the Satlantic Hyperpro profiling radiometer has proven to be a reliable and consistent tool for satellite ocean color validation. C1 [Ondrusek, M. E.; Stengel, E.] NOAA, NESDIS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Rella, M. Ampollo] NATO Sci & Technol Org, La Spezia, Italy. [Goode, W.; Ladner, S.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Feinholz, M.] Moss Landing Marine Lab, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Ondrusek, ME (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RI Ondrusek, Michael/F-5617-2010 OI Ondrusek, Michael/0000-0002-5311-9094 FU JPSS EDR Cal/Val program and NOAA Ocean Remote Sensing FX This work is supported by the JPSS EDR Cal/Val program and NOAA Ocean Remote Sensing funding. We would like to acknowledge the help of MOBY Team members. Especially Stephanie Flora from Moss Landing Marine Labs and Carol Johnson from NIST for calibration support. We would also like to acknowledge ZhongPing Lee for cruise support during Hawaii 2012 calibration efforts. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official NOAA or US Government position, policy, or decision. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 91110Y DI 10.1117/12.2052933 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700022 ER PT S AU Ouyang, B Hou, WL Dalgleish, FR Caimi, FM Nootz, G Vuorenkoski, AK AF Ouyang, Bing Hou, Weilin Dalgleish, Fraser R. Caimi, Frank M. Nootz, Gero Vuorenkoski, Anni K. BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Experimental studies of the compressive line sensing underwater serial imaging system SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE AB The compressive line sensing (CLS) imaging system adopts the paradigm of independently sensing each line and jointly reconstructing a group of lines. This system achieves "resource compression" and is compatible with the conventional push-broom line-by-line sensing mode. This paper discusses the development of a prototype system to enable the experimental study the CLS imaging system. The results from an initial turbidity cycle experiments are presented. C1 [Ouyang, Bing; Dalgleish, Fraser R.; Caimi, Frank M.; Vuorenkoski, Anni K.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, 5600 US1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. [Hou, Weilin] Stennis Space Ctr, Naval Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Nootz, Gero] Univ Circle I, Naval Post Grad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Ouyang, B (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, 5600 US1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. FU ONR [N000141210921]; AFOSR Young Investigator Program and HBOI internal fund FX This work was support by ONR grant N000141210921, 2013 AFOSR Young Investigator Program and HBOI internal fund. The authors want to thank Mr. Ben Metzger for the help during all phases of the experimental tests. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 91110M DI 10.1117/12.2050691 PG 11 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700015 ER PT S AU Patterson, KW AF Patterson, Karen W. BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Reducing Ocean Surface Specular Reflection in WorldView-2 Images SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE WorldView-2; specular reflection; sun glint; ocean color AB Exploitation of satellite and aircraft imagery for ocean color applications is limited by the extent to which an accurate atmospheric correction can be accomplished. Characterizing specular reflection off the sea surface is one component of this correction. The WorldView-2 configuration with two multi-spectral focal planes separated by the panchromatic focal plane and a 0.2 second offset in data collection between the two multi-spectral focal planes creates a challenging specular reflection correction scenario. On June 11, 2010 DigitalGlobe, Inc. imaged the Moreton Bay, Australia region seven times between 00: 26: 07 and 00: 27: 55 GMT with the WorldView-2 sensor. The atmosphere was exceptionally clear as confirmed by AERONET data collected at the University of Queensland in Brisbane. Specular reflection varied widely among the seven images. With the rapid imaging of the sequence of images other atmospheric and oceanic variable elements can be assumed to be effectively constant making this dataset ideal for testing glint reduction techniques. Glint reduction techniques are compared to identify which technique results in the least variable image sequence of remote sensing reflectances and greatest reduction of spatial glint-induced variability within a glint contaminated image. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Patterson, KW (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR 91110B DI 10.1117/12.2050480 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700009 ER PT S AU Vandermeulen, RA Arnone, R Ladner, S Martinolich, P AF Vandermeulen, Ryan A. Arnone, Robert Ladner, Sherwin Martinolich, Paul BE Hou, WW Arnone, RA TI Estimating sea surface salinity in coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico using visible channels on SNPP-VIIRS SO OCEAN SENSING AND MONITORING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ocean Sensing and Monitoring VI CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE Sea surface salinity; Suomi-NPP; VIIRS; ocean color; coastal remote sensing ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ABSORPTION; ALGORITHM; CDOM AB Sea surface salinity is determined using the visible channels from the Visual Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) to derive regional algorithms for the Gulf of Mexico by normalizing to seasonal river discharge. The dilution of river discharge with open ocean waters and the surface salinity is estimated by tracking the surface spectral signature. The water leaving radiances derived from atmospherically-corrected and calibrated 750-m resolution visible M-bands (410, 443, 486, 551, 671 nm) are applied to bio-optical algorithms and subsequent multivariate statistical methods to derive regional empirical relationships between satellite radiances and surface salinity measurements. Although radiance to salinity is linked to CDOM dilution, we explored alternative statistical relationships to account for starting conditions. In situ measurements are obtained from several moorings spread across the Mississippi Sound and Mobile Bay, with a salinity range of 0.1 - 33. Data were collected over all seasons in the year 2013 in order to assess inter-annual variability. The seasonal spectral signatures at the river mouth were used to track the fresh water end members and used to develop a seasonal slope and bias between salinity and radiance. Results show an increased spatial resolution for remote detection of coastal sea surface salinity from space, compared to the Aquarius Microwave salinity. Characterizing the coastal surface salinity has a significant impact on the physical circulation which affects the coastal ecosystems. Results identify locations and dissipation of the river plumes and can provide direct data for assimilation into physical circulation models. C1 [Vandermeulen, Ryan A.; Arnone, Robert] Univ So Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Ladner, Sherwin] Stennis Space Ctr, Naval Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Martinolich, Paul] Stennis Space Ctr, QinetiQ North Amer, Mississippi State, MS USA. RP Vandermeulen, RA (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-048-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9111 AR UNSP 911109 DI 10.1117/12.2053417 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB5GR UT WOS:000343862700007 ER PT B AU Cone, T AF Cone, Temple BE Scanlon, M Engbers, C TI Hasidim in Poetry: Dialogic Poetics of Encounter in Denise Levertov's The Jacob's Ladder SO POETRY AND DIALOGISM: HEARING OVER LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cone, T (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-40128-1; 978-1-137-40127-4 PY 2014 BP 123 EP 139 D2 10.1057/9781137401281 PG 17 WC Literary Theory & Criticism; Poetry SC Literature GA BB4GP UT WOS:000343170700007 ER PT J AU Buckhout-White, S Claussen, JC Melinger, JS Dunningham, Z Ancona, MG Goldman, ER Medintz, IL AF Buckhout-White, Susan Claussen, Jonathan C. Melinger, Joseph S. Dunningham, Zaire Ancona, Mario G. Goldman, Ellen R. Medintz, Igor L. TI A triangular three-dye DNA switch capable of reconfigurable molecular logic SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER RELAYS; PHOTONIC WIRES; QUANTUM DOTS; LABEL-FREE; ON PROBE; CIRCUITS; GATES; NANOSTRUCTURES; AUTOMATON; DELIVERY AB Structural DNA nanotechnology has developed profoundly in the last several years allowing for the creation of increasingly sophisticated devices capable of discrete sensing, locomotion, and molecular logic. The latter research field is particularly attractive as it provides information processing capabilities that may eventually be applied in situ, for example in cells, with potential for even further coupling to an active response such as drug delivery. Rather than design a new DNA assembly for each intended logic application, it would be useful to have one generalized design that could provide multiple different logic gates or states for a targeted use. In pursuit of this goal, we demonstrate a switchable, triangular dye-labeled three-arm DNA scaffold where the individual arms can be assembled in different combinations and the linkage between each arm can be physically removed using toehold-mediated strand displacement and then replaced by a rapid anneal. Rearranging this core structure alters the rates of Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between each of the two or three pendant dyes giving rise to a rich library of unique spectral signatures that ultimately form the basis for molecular photonic logic gates. The DNA scaffold is designed such that different linker lengths joining each arm, and which are used as the inputs here, can also be used independently of one another thus enhancing the range of molecular gates. The functionality of this platform structure is highlighted by easily configuring it into a series of one-, two-and three-input photonic Boolean logic gates such as OR, AND, INHIBIT, etc., along with a photonic keypad lock. Different gates can be realized in the same structure by altering which dyes are interrogated and implementation of toehold-mediated strand displacement and/or annealing allows reconfigurable switching between input states within a single logic gate as well as between two different gating devices. C1 [Buckhout-White, Susan; Claussen, Jonathan C.; Dunningham, Zaire; Goldman, Ellen R.; Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 6900, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Melinger, Joseph S.; Ancona, Mario G.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 6800, Elect Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Buckhout-White, Susan; Claussen, Jonathan C.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Claussen, Jonathan C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Medintz, IL (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 6900, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM igor.medintz@nrl.navy.mil OI Claussen, Jonathan/0000-0001-7065-1077 FU ONR; DTRA; NRL-NSI; NRL HBCU/MI - ONR FX Financial support is gratefully acknowledged from ONR, DTRA and the NRL-NSI. ZD was supported under the NRL HBCU/MI summer internship program sponsored by the ONR. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 8 U2 48 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2014 VL 4 IS 90 BP 48860 EP 48871 DI 10.1039/c4ra10580j PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AR6RQ UT WOS:000343711000013 ER PT S AU Olson, CC Waterman, JR Nichols, JM AF Olson, C. C. Waterman, J. R. Nichols, J. M. BE Kadar, I TI Real-Time Target Tracking for a 360-Degree Panoramic IR Imager SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR/INFORMATION FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION XXIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXIII CY MAY 05-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE AB We introduce a detection and tracking algorithm for panoramic imaging systems intended for operations in high-clutter environments. The algorithm combines correlation-and modelbased tracking in a manner that is robust to occluding objects but without the need for a separate collision prediction module. Large data rates associated with the panoramic imager necessitate the use of parallel computation on graphics processing units. We discuss the queuing and tracking algorithms as well as practical considerations required for real-time implementation. C1 [Olson, C. C.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, 430 Natl Business Pkwy,Suite 100, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. [Waterman, J. R.; Nichols, J. M.] Naval Res Lab, Optic Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Olson, CC (reprint author), Sotera Def Solut Inc, 430 Natl Business Pkwy,Suite 100, Annapolis Jct, MD 20701 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-028-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9091 AR UNSP 909108 DI 10.1117/12.2054219 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB5GT UT WOS:000343864000012 ER PT J AU Nguyen, GD Kompella, S Kam, C Wieselthier, JE Ephremides, A AF Nguyen, Gam D. Kompella, Sastry Kam, Clement Wieselthier, Jeffrey E. Ephremides, Anthony GP IEEE TI Impact of Channel State Information on Energy Efficient Transmission in Interference Channels SO 2014 12TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION IN MOBILE, AD HOC, AND WIRELESS NETWORKS (WIOPT) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, AdHoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt) CY MAY 12-16, 2014 CL Hammamet, TUNISIA ID CAPACITY AB We study the energy-efficient transmission problem for a time-varying interference channel. Assume that each source transmits in each time slot according to a transmission probability, which is a continuous value between 0 and 1. Our goal is to determine the values of the transmission probabilities and the transmission power levels so that the network energy efficiency is maximized. We show that the energy efficiency is maximized when the transmission probabilities are either 0 or 1. We also show that simultaneous transmissions reduce energy efficiency. We then address the impact of the accuracy and timeliness of channel state information (CSI) on energy efficiency. The following cases are considered: perfect CSI, erroneous CSI, delayed CSI, and unknown CSI. C1 [Nguyen, Gam D.; Kompella, Sastry; Kam, Clement] Naval Res Lab, Informat Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wieselthier, Jeffrey E.] Wieselthier Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD USA. RP Nguyen, GD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Informat Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-3-901882-63-0 PY 2014 BP 474 EP 481 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB4ZB UT WOS:000343570700065 ER PT S AU Minor, C Johnson, K AF Minor, Christian Johnson, Kevin BE Braun, JJ TI Multisensor fusion with non-optimal decision rules: the challenges of "open world" sensing SO MULTISENSOR, MULTISOURCE INFORMATION FUSION: ARCHITECTURES, ALGORITHMS, AND APPLICATIONS 2014 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Multisensor, Multisource Information Fusion - Architectures, Algorithms, and Applications CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE multisensor systems; data fusion; interferants; open-world sensing; Dempster-Shafer theory ID TRANSFERABLE BELIEF MODEL; COMBINATION; FRAMEWORK; AREA AB In this work, simple, generic models of chemical sensing are used to simulate sensor array data and to illustrate the impact on overall system performance that specific design choices impart. The ability of multisensor systems to perform multianalyte detection (i.e., distinguish multiple targets) is explored by examining the distinction between fundamental design-related limitations stemming from mismatching of mixture composition to fused sensor measurement spaces, and limitations that arise from measurement uncertainty. Insight on the limits and potential of sensor fusion to robustly address detection tasks in realistic field conditions can be gained through an examination of a) the underlying geometry of both the composition space of sources one hopes to elucidate and the measurement space a fused sensor system is capable of generating, and b) the informational impact of uncertainty on both of these spaces. For instance, what is the potential impact on sensor fusion in an open world scenario where unknown interferants may contaminate target signals? Under complex and dynamic backgrounds, decision rules may implicitly become non-optimal and adding sensors may increase the amount of conflicting information observed. This suggests that the manner in which a decision rule handles sensor conflict can be critical in leveraging sensor fusion for effective open world sensing, and becomes exponentially more important as more sensors are added. Results and design considerations for handling conflicting evidence in Bayes and Dempster-Shafer fusion frameworks are presented. Bayesian decision theory is used to provide an upper limit on detector performance of simulated sensor systems. C1 [Minor, Christian] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Johnson, Kevin] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Minor, C (reprint author), Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CA09DET503G]; U.S. Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under program CA09DET503G and the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. The authors also thank Dr. Joseph Gezo for many fruitful discussions on multisensor fusion. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-058-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9121 AR UNSP 912106 DI 10.1117/12.2053298 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB4VH UT WOS:000343405500005 ER PT J AU Cooper, KP Wachter, RF AF Cooper, Khershed P. Wachter, Ralph F. TI Cyber-enabled manufacturing systems for additive manufacturing SO RAPID PROTOTYPING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Research; Manufacturing; Technology; Modeling; Multimaterial; Parts ID MELT-DEPOSITION PROCESSES AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to study cyber-enabled manufacturing systems (CeMS) for additive manufacturing (AM). The technology of AM or solid free-form fabrication has received considerable attention in recent years. Several public and private interests are exploring AM to find solutions to manufacturing problems and to create new opportunities. For AM to be commercially accepted, it must make products reliably and predictably. AM processes must achieve consistency and be reproducible. Design/methodology/approach - An approach we have taken is to foster a basic research program in CeMS for AM. The long-range goal of the program is to achieve the level of control over AM processes for industrial acceptance and wide-use of the technology. This program will develop measurement, sensing, manipulation and process control models and algorithms for AM by harnessing principles underpinning cyber-physical systems (CPS) and fundamentals of physical processes. Findings - This paper describes the challenges facing AM and the goals of the CeMS program to meet them. It also presents preliminary results of studies in thermal modeling and process models. Originality/value - The development of CeMS concepts for AM should address issues such as part quality and process dependability, which are key for successful application of this disruptive rapid manufacturing technology. C1 [Cooper, Khershed P.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Wachter, Ralph F.] Natl Sci Fdn, Div Comp & Network Syst, Arlington, VA 22230 USA. RP Cooper, KP (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM khershed.cooper@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX The first author thanks the Office of Naval Research for its sponsorship and support of the research. Both authors are indebted to the CeMS program's principal investigators for sharing their ideas and results and to the larger AM community for stimulating discussions. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 9 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1355-2546 EI 1758-7670 J9 RAPID PROTOTYPING J JI Rapid Prototyping J. PY 2014 VL 20 IS 5 BP 355 EP 359 DI 10.1108/RPJ-01-2013-0001 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA AR2GO UT WOS:000343402000003 ER PT S AU Kruse, FA Kim, AM Runyon, SC Carlisle, SC Clasen, CC Esterline, CH Jalobeanu, A Metcalf, JP Basgall, PL Trask, DM Olsen, RC AF Kruse, F. A. Kim, A. M. Runyon, S. C. Carlisle, S. C. Clasen, C. C. Esterline, C. H. Jalobeanu, A. Metcalf, J. P. Basgall, P. L. Trask, D. M. Olsen, R. C. BE VelezReyes, M Kruse, FA TI Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and LiDAR remote sensing and geographic information fusion for improved earthquake response SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th SPIE Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE earthquake response; disaster response; multimodal remote sensing; multispectral; hyperspectral; HSI; LiDAR; data fusion; change detection; remote damage assessment ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA; VEGETATION; AVIRIS AB The Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Remote Sensing Center (RSC) and research partners have completed a remote sensing pilot project in support of California post-earthquake-event emergency response. The project goals were to dovetail emergency management requirements with remote sensing capabilities to develop prototype map products for improved earthquake response. NPS coordinated with emergency management services and first responders to compile information about essential elements of information (EEI) requirements. A wide variety of remote sensing datasets including multispectral imagery (MSI), hyperspectral imagery (HSI), and LiDAR were assembled by NPS for the purpose of building imagery baseline data; and to demonstrate the use of remote sensing to derive ground surface information for use in planning, conducting, and monitoring post-earthquake emergency response. Worldview-2 data were converted to reflectance, orthorectified, and mosaicked for most of Monterey County; CA. Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data acquired at two spatial resolutions were atmospherically corrected and analyzed in conjunction with the MSI data. LiDAR data at point densities from 1.4 pts/ m(2) to over 40 points/ m(2) were analyzed to determine digital surface models. The multimodal data were then used to develop change detection approaches and products and other supporting information. Analysis results from these data along with other geographic information were used to identify and generate multi-tiered products tied to the level of post-event communications infrastructure (internet access + cell, cell only, no internet/cell). Technology transfer of these capabilities to local and state emergency response organizations gives emergency responders new tools in support of post-disaster operational scenarios. C1 [Kruse, F. A.; Kim, A. M.; Runyon, S. C.; Metcalf, J. P.; Trask, D. M.; Olsen, R. C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kruse, F. A.; Kim, A. M.; Runyon, S. C.; Carlisle, S. C.; Clasen, C. C.; Esterline, C. H.; Jalobeanu, A.; Metcalf, J. P.; Basgall, P. L.; Trask, D. M.; Olsen, R. C.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Remote Sensing Ctr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Kruse, FA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fakruse@nps.edu RI Olsen, Richard/O-2699-2015 OI Olsen, Richard/0000-0002-8344-9297 FU Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate, Department of Homeland Security (DHS) FX This research was supported by the Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate, Department of Homeland Security (DHS). This paper only describes the NPS Remote Sensing Center research effort and selected results from that research. The full project included many other aspects, some of which are summarized in other papers presented at SPIE Defense and Security 2014 [22-25]. Partners in the research who contributed significantly to the overall project include the NPS Virtualization and Cloud Computing Lab, the NPS Hastily Formed Networks (HFN) group, the NPS CORE Lab, the NPS Center for Asymmetric Warfare (CAW), NOAA/NGDC, and San Diego State University. Their contributions are described in the RELIEF 12-4 online report [21]. We gratefully acknowledge the participation of emergency responders and managers from the cities and counties of Monterey, Los Angeles, San Diego, and Riverside California. We also appreciate discussions during project definition stage and follow-ups by the California Emergency Management Agency (Cal EMA) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the U.S. Geological Survey, and DHS. AVIRIS data were acquired by NASA/JPL. The LiDAR data were provided by the Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments, via a USGS grant through the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act of 2009. WV-2 data were provided by the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) under the NextView imagery license agreement. For additional information about the NPS Remote Sensing for Improved Earthquake Response Project, products, Playbooks, or data NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-025-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9088 AR UNSP 90880K DI 10.1117/12.2049725 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB4BH UT WOS:000343126000016 ER PT S AU Schaum, A AF Schaum, Alan BE VelezReyes, M Kruse, FA TI Enough with the additive target model SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th SPIE Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE GLRT; continuum fusion; additive target model; replacement target model ID HYPERSPECTRAL DETECTION AB The additive target model is used routinely in the statistical detection of opaque targets, despite its phenomenological inconsistency. The more appropriate replacement target model is seldom used, because the standard method for producing a detection algorithm from it proves to be intractable, unless narrow restrictions are imposed on the target model. Now however, continuum fusion methods have allowed an expanded solution set to a more general replacement target problem. We derive an example detection algorithm, to illustrate the fusion principles one can use to tailor a method to a particular performance requirement. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Schaum, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-025-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9088 AR 90880C DI 10.1117/12.2049146 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB4BH UT WOS:000343126000010 ER PT S AU Osburn, CL Del Vecchio, R Boyd, TJ AF Osburn, Christopher L. Del Vecchio, Rossana Boyd, Thomas J. BE Coble, PG Lead, J Baker, A Reynolds, DM Spencer, RGM TI Physicochemical Effects on Dissolved Organic Matter Fluorescence in Natural Waters SO AQUATIC ORGANIC MATTER FLUORESCENCE SE CAMBRIDGE ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EXCITATION-EMISSION MATRIX; RIVER FULVIC-ACID; RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PARALLEL FACTOR-ANALYSIS; ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE; CROSS-FLOW FILTRATION; MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FRESH-WATER C1 [Osburn, Christopher L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Del Vecchio, Rossana] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Boyd, Thomas J.] US Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC USA. RP Osburn, CL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Box 8208, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 165 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-0243 BN 978-0-521-76461-2 J9 CAMB ENV CH JI Camb. Environ. Chem. Ser. PY 2014 BP 233 EP 277 D2 10.1017/CBO9781139045452 PG 45 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA BB3TN UT WOS:000343046000008 ER PT S AU Nichols, JM Bucholtz, F McLaughlin, CV Oh, AK Willett, RM AF Nichols, J. M. Bucholtz, F. McLaughlin, C. V. Oh, A. K. Willett, R. M. BE Szu, HH Dai, L TI Fixing Basis Mismatch in a Compressively Sampled Photonic Link SO INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSES, COMPRESSIVE SAMPLING, WAVELETS, NEURAL NET, BIOSYSTEMS, AND NANOENGINEERING XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Independent Component Analyses, Compressive Sampling, Wavelets, Neural Net, Biosystems, and Nanoengineering XII CY MAY 07-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Basis mismatch; compressive sampling; sparsity; biconvex optimization; alternating convex search ID RECONSTRUCTION AB The theory behind compressive sampling pre-supposes that a given sequence of observations may be exactly represented by a linear combination of a small number of vectors. In practice, however, even small deviations from an exact signal model can result in dramatic increases in estimation error; this is the so-called "basis mismatch" problem. This work provides one possible solution to this problem in the form of an iterative, biconvex search algorithm. The approach uses standard l(1)-minimization to find the signal model coefficients followed by a maximum likelihood estimate of the signal model. The process is repeated until a convergence criteria is met. The algorithm is illustrated on harmonic signals of varying sparsity and outperforms the current state-of-the-art. C1 [Nichols, J. M.; Bucholtz, F.; McLaughlin, C. V.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5665, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Oh, A. K.; Willett, R. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Nichols, JM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5665, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Naval Research Laboratory FX The authors would like to thank the Naval Research Laboratory for supporting this work NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-055-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9118 DI 10.1117/12.2053739 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB4BK UT WOS:000343127000015 ER PT S AU Wu, M Petryayeva, E Medintz, IL Algar, WR AF Wu, Miao Petryayeva, Eleonora Medintz, Igor L. Algar, W. Russ BE Fontes, A Santos, BS TI Quantitative Measurement of Proteolytic Rates with Quantum Dot-Peptide Substrate Conjugates and Forster Resonance Energy Transfer SO QUANTUM DOTS: APPLICATIONS IN BIOLOGY, 2ND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Quantum dot; Forster resonance energy transfer; Peptide; Proteolysis; Progress curve ID BIOCOMPATIBLE SEMICONDUCTOR; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; IN-VIVO; FRET; PROTEASES; PROTEINS; LIGANDS; NANOPARTICLES; HYBRIDIZATION; BIOANALYSIS AB An important challenge in biology is the development of probes for visualizing and quantitatively tracking enzyme activity. Proteases are an important class of enzyme with value as both diagnostic and therapeutic targets. In this chapter, we describe the preparation of quantum dot (QD)-peptide substrate conjugates as probes for measuring proteolytic activity. QDs have several highly advantageous optical properties that make these materials especially well suited for applications in bioanalysis and bioimaging. Further, peptide substrates for proteases can be controllably self-assembled to QDs and this capability, in combination with Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET), enables the design of quantitative in vitro assays capable of directly reporting on proteolytic activity. We present a detailed method for the preparation, calibration, and application of such QD probes, along with methods of analysis to generate progress curves for the proteolytic digestion of substrate. Representative data are illustrated for two different proteases and two different QD-fluorescent dye FRET pairs. The general methodology is likely to be applicable with other hydrolytic enzymes in addition to proteases. Overall, the method is straightforward to implement with commercially available materials and does not require specialized expertise. C1 [Wu, Miao; Petryayeva, Eleonora; Algar, W. Russ] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Medintz, Igor L.] US Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. RP Wu, M (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RI Johnson, Brandy/B-3462-2008; OI Johnson, Brandy/0000-0002-3637-0631; Petryayeva, Eleonora/0000-0001-9330-0499 NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-1280-3; 978-1-4939-1279-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1199 BP 215 EP 239 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-1280-3_17 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-1280-3 PG 25 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BB3WE UT WOS:000343087500018 PM 25103812 ER PT S AU Bashkansky, M Vurgaftman, I Reintjes, J AF Bashkansky, Mark Vurgaftman, Igor Reintjes, J. BE Donkor, E Pirich, AR Brandt, HE Frey, MR Lomonaco, SJ Myers, JM TI Characterization of photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion SO QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Information and Computation XII CY MAY 08-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Spontaneous parametric down-conversion; SPDC; heralded single photons; g((2)) AB Low-photon-number sources can exhibit non-classical, counterintuitive behavior that can be exploited in the developing field of quantum technology. Single photons play a special role in this arena since they represent the ultimate low-photon-number source. They are considered an important element in various applications such as quantum key distribution, optical quantum information processing, quantum computing, intensity measurement standards, and others yet to be discovered in this developing field. True deterministic sources of single photons on demand are currently an area of intensive research, but have not been demonstrated in a practical setting. As a result, researchers commonly default to the well-established workhorse: spontaneous parametric down-conversion generating entangled signal-idler pairs. Since this source is thermal-statistical in nature, it is common to use a detected idler photon to herald the production of a signal photon. The need exists to determine the quality of the single photons generated in the heralded signal beam. Quite often, the literature reports a "heralded second-order coherence function" of the signal photons conditioned on the idler photons using readily available single-photon detectors. In this work, we examine the applicability of this technique to single-photon characterization and the consequences of the fact that the most commonly used single-photon detectors are not photon-number resolving. Our results show that this method using non-photon-resolving detectors can only be used to characterize the signal-idler correlations rather than the nature of the signal-photon state alone. C1 [Bashkansky, Mark; Vurgaftman, Igor] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Reintjes, J.] Sotera Def Solut, Annapolis, MD USA. RP Bashkansky, M (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM bashkansky@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-060-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9123 AR UNSP 91230G DI 10.1117/12.2050879 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB3ZO UT WOS:000343113500013 ER PT S AU Smith, JF AF Smith, James F., III BE Donkor, E Pirich, AR Brandt, HE Frey, MR Lomonaco, SJ Myers, JM TI Hyper-entanglement based sensor with reduced measurement time and enhanced signal to interference ratio SO QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Information and Computation XII CY MAY 08-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Quantum entanglement; quantum hyper-entanglement; super resolution/sensitivity; enhanced signal to interference ratio; reduced measurement time; quantum Fisher information; quantum Cramer-Rao lower bound; quantum Chernoff bound; quantum imaging/sensing; quantum state engineering AB An array of hyper-entanglement based sensors made up of quantum hyper-entangled systems will be considered. Each hyper-entangled system will consists of a single hyper-entangled signal and single ancilla photon. The effect of noise in every mode as well as loss is included. The signal photon will experience classical loss and each ancilla photon will suffer a low level of loss. Forming an array offers the further advantage of a greater reduction in measurement time. It is shown mathematically that in the large d limit, where d is the number of modes, that different members of the array do not interfere with each other implying they can be put close together. This permits an enormous reduction in the measurement time, i.e. the time-on-target. Each hyper-entangled system making up the array receives a factor of d improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) and a factor of d reduction in measurement time. If M measurements are needed for a given level of resolution or decision quality then instead of having one hyper-entanglement pair, M hyper-entanglement pairs can be used. Unlike a classical radar or ladar, this system can image a target essentially with a snapshot from the many photon sources making up the array. Closed form results for the wave function, reduced density operator, gamma-expansion, probability of detection, probability of false alarm, SNR, SIR, Quantum Fisher information (QFI), quantum-Cramer-Rao lower bound (QCRLB), quantum Chernoff bound (QCB), and estimates for the number of required measurements are provided. C1 Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Smith, JF (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5741, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM james.smith@nrl.navy.mil NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-060-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9123 AR 91230L DI 10.1117/12.2048688 PG 17 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB3ZO UT WOS:000343113500016 ER PT S AU Schultz, RC Hobbs, M Chang, CI AF Schultz, Robert C. Hobbs, Marissa Chang, Chein-I BE Huang, B Chang, CI Lopez, JF TI Progressive Band Processing of Simplex Growing Algorithm for Finding Endmembers in Hyperspectral Imagery SO SATELLITE DATA COMPRESSION, COMMUNICATIONS, AND PROCESSING X SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Satellite Data Compression, Communications, and Processing X CY MAY 08-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Progressive Band Processing (PBP); Simplex Growing Algorithm (SGA) AB This paper presents a progressive band processing (PBP) version of an endmember finding algorithm, simplex growing algorithm (SGA), to be called PBP-SGA, which allows users to perform SGA band by band progressively. Several advantages can be gained from this approach. First of all, PBP-SGA does not require data dimensionality reduction since PBP begins with a lower band dimension and gradually increases band dimensions band by band progressively until it achieves the desired results. Secondly, PBP can process SGA whenever bands are available without waiting for the information from all band information to be received. As a result, PBP-SGA can be used for data transmission and communication. Thirdly, PBP-SGA can help identify which bands are crucial during the process of finding endmembers. Finally, PBP-SGA provides feasibility of being implemented in real time according to Band SeQuential (BSQ) format. C1 [Schultz, Robert C.; Hobbs, Marissa; Chang, Chein-I] US Naval Acad, Dept Elect Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Schultz, RC (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Elect Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-061-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9124 AR 91240L DI 10.1117/12.2050992 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BB3YI UT WOS:000343106000019 ER PT J AU Park, J Kim, W Han, DK Ko, H AF Park, Jinsoo Kim, Wooil Han, David K. Ko, Hanseok TI Voice Activity Detection in Noisy Environments Based on Double-Combined Fourier Transform and Line Fitting SO SCIENTIFIC WORLD JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ROBUST SPEECH RECOGNITION; LIKELIHOOD RATIO TEST; END-POINT DETECTION; SPECTRAL SUBTRACTION AB A new voice activity detector for noisy environments is proposed. In conventional algorithms, the endpoint of speech is found by applying an edge detection filter that finds the abrupt changing point in a feature domain. However, since the frame energy feature is unstable in noisy environments, it is difficult to accurately find the endpoint of speech. Therefore, a novel feature extraction algorithm based on the double-combined Fourier transform and envelope line fitting is proposed. It is combined with an edge detection filter for effective detection of endpoints. Effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared to other VAD algorithms using two different databases, which are AURORA 2.0 database and SITEC database. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs well under a variety of noisy conditions. C1 [Park, Jinsoo; Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Dept Biomicrosyst Technol, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Kim, Wooil] Incheon Natl Univ, Sch Comp Sci Engn, Inchon 406772, South Korea. [Han, David K.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Ko, Hanseok] Korea Univ, Sch Elect Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. RP Ko, H (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Biomicrosyst Technol, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM hsko@korea.ac.kr FU Seoul RBD Program [WR080951] FX This research was supported by Seoul R&BD Program (WR080951). NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1537-744X J9 SCI WORLD J JI Sci. World J. PY 2014 AR 146040 DI 10.1155/2014/146040 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR3OR UT WOS:000343497900001 ER PT S AU Miller, CW Edelberg, JA Wilson, ML Novak, KM AF Miller, Christopher W. Edelberg, Jason. A. Wilson, Michael. L. Novak, Kyle. M. BE Drummond, OE TI Application of Rich Feature Descriptors to Small Target Detection in Wide-Area Persistent ISR Systems SO SIGNAL AND DATA PROCESSING OF SMALL TARGETS 2014 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets CY MAY 07-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE Wide area surveillance; automated target recognition; support vector machines ID NETWORKS AB One of the desired capabilities for wide-area persistent ISR systems is to reliably locate and subsequently track the movement of targets within the field of view. Current wide-area persistent ISR systems are characterized by large pixel overall counts and very large fields of view. This leads to a large ground sample distance with few pixels-on-target. Locating targets under these constraints is extremely difficult due to the fact that the targets present very little detailed structure. In this paper we will present the application of rich image feature descriptors combined with advanced statistical target detection methodologies to the airborne ISR problem. We will demonstrate that these algorithms can reliably locate targets in the scene without relying on the target's motion to form a detection. This is useful in ISR application where it is desirable to be able to continuously track a target through stops and maneuvers. C1 [Miller, Christopher W.; Edelberg, Jason. A.; Wilson, Michael. L.] US Naval Res Lab, Code 5664,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Novak, Kyle. M.] Tekla Res, Dumfires, VA USA. RP Miller, CW (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Code 5664,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM christopher.miller@nrl.navy.mil FU Karle Fellowship program at NRL FX This work was funded in part by the Karle Fellowship program at NRL. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-029-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9092 AR UNSP 909202 DI 10.1117/12.2050440 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BB3QO UT WOS:000342996200002 ER PT S AU Schoenecker, S Willett, P Bar-Shalom, Y AF Schoenecker, Steven Willett, Peter Bar-Shalom, Yaakov BE Drummond, OE TI ML-PMHT Track Detection Threshold Determination for K-Distributed Clutter SO SIGNAL AND DATA PROCESSING OF SMALL TARGETS 2014 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets CY MAY 07-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE ML-PMHT; Multistatic; Bistatic; Active Sonar; Tracking; Threshold Determination; K-distribution ID REVERBERATION AB Recent work developed a novel method for determining tracking thresholds for the Maximum Likelihood Probabilistic Multi-Hypothesis Tracker (ML-PMHT). Under certain "ideal" conditions, probability density functions (PDFs) for the peak points in the ML-PMHT log-likelihood ratio (LLR) due to just clutter measurements could be calculated. Analysis of these clutter-induced peak PDFs allowed for the calculation of tracking thresholds, which previously had to be done with time-consuming Monte Carlo simulations. However, this work was done for a very specific case: the amplitudes of both target and clutter measurements followed Rayleigh distributions. The Rayleigh distribution is a very light-tailed distribution, and it can be overly optimistic in predicting that high-SNR measurements are target-originated. This work examines the case where the clutter amplitudes do not follow a Rayleigh distribution at all, but instead follow a K-distribution, which more accurately describes active acoustic clutter. This will provide a framework for determining accurate tracking thresholds for the ML-PMHT algorithm. C1 [Schoenecker, Steven] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Willett, Peter; Bar-Shalom, Yaakov] Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Schoenecker, S (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, 1176 Howell St, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM steven.schoenecker@navy.mil; willett@engr.uconn.edu; ybs@engr.uconn.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-13 1-0231, N00014-10-1-0029]; Army Research Office [W911NF-10 1-0369] FX Peter Willett was supported by the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-13 1-0231. Yaakov Bar- Shalom was supported by the Army Research Office under contract W911NF-10 1-0369 and the Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-10-1-0029. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-029-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9092 AR UNSP 90920M DI 10.1117/12.2049420 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BB3QO UT WOS:000342996200019 ER PT J AU Dudko, A Medynets, K AF Dudko, Astem Medynets, Konstantin TI Finite factor representations of Higman-Thompson groups SO GROUPS GEOMETRY AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article DE Higman-Thompson groups; essentially free actions; factor representations ID EQUIVALENCE-RELATIONS; CHARACTERS; ALGEBRAS; INFINITY AB We prove that the only finite factor representations of the Higman-Thompson groups {F-n,F-r} and {G(n,r)} are the regular representations and scalar representations arising from group abelianizations. As a corollary, we obtain that any measure-preserving ergodic action of the commutator subgroup of a Higman-Thompson group must be essentially free. Finite factor representations of other classes of groups are also discussed. C1 [Dudko, Astem] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Math, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Medynets, Konstantin] US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Dudko, A (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Math, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM artem.dudko@stonybrook.edu; medynets@usna.edu NR 21 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU EUROPEAN MATHEMATICAL SOC PI ZURICH PA PUBLISHING HOUSE, E T H-ZENTRUM SEW A27, SCHEUCHZERSTRASSE 70, CH-8092 ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-7207 EI 1661-7215 J9 GROUP GEOM DYNAM JI Group. Geom. Dyn. PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 375 EP 389 DI 10.4171/GGD/230 PG 15 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AQ6YG UT WOS:000342959200005 ER PT S AU Kanaev, AV Rawhouser, M Kutteruf, MR Yetzbacher, MK Deprenger, MJ Novak, KM Miller, CA Miller, CW AF Kanaev, Andrey V. Rawhouser, Marjorie Kutteruf, Mary R. Yetzbacher, Michael K. Deprenger, Michael J. Novak, Kyle M. Miller, Corey A. Miller, Christopher W. BE Bannon, DP TI Demosaicking for Full Motion Video 9-band SWIR sensor SO SPECTRAL IMAGING SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: INNOVATION DRIVING ADVANCED APPLICATION CAPABILITIES SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Spectral Imaging Sensor Technologies - Innovation Driving Advanced Application Capabilities CY MAY 08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Demosaicking; multispectral imaging; super-resolution AB Short wave infrared (SWIR) spectral imaging systems are vital for Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) applications because of their abilities to autonomously detect targets and classify materials. Typically the spectral imagers are incapable of providing Full Motion Video (FMV) because of their reliance on line scanning. We enable FMV capability for a SWIR multi-spectral camera by creating a repeating pattern of 3x3 spectral filters on a staring focal plane array (FPA). In this paper we present the imagery from an FMV SWIR camera with nine discrete bands and discuss image processing algorithms necessary for its operation. The main task of image processing in this case is demosaicking of the spectral bands i.e. reconstructing full spectral images with original FPA resolution from spatially subsampled and incomplete spectral data acquired with the choice of filter array pattern. To the best of author's knowledge, the demosaicking algorithms for nine or more equally sampled bands have not been reported before. Moreover all existing algorithms developed for demosaicking visible color filter arrays with less than nine colors assume either certain relationship between the visible colors, which are not valid for SWIR imaging, or presence of one color band with higher sampling rate compared to the rest of the bands, which does not conform to our spectral filter pattern. We will discuss and present results for two novel approaches to demosaicking: interpolation using multi-band edge information and application of multi-frame super-resolution to a single frame resolution enhancement of multi-spectral spatially multiplexed images. C1 [Kanaev, Andrey V.; Kutteruf, Mary R.; Yetzbacher, Michael K.; Miller, Christopher W.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Av, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Rawhouser, Marjorie; Deprenger, Michael J.; Novak, Kyle M.; Miller, Corey A.] Tekla Res, Dumfries, VA 22025 USA. RP Kanaev, AV (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Av, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX This work is funded by the Office of Naval Research ( Code 30 Core program). NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-041-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9104 AR UNSP 910407 DI 10.1117/12.2051223 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB3ZY UT WOS:000343115100006 ER PT B AU Denning, DE Strawser, BJ AF Denning, Dorothy E. Strawser, Bradley J. BE Floridi, L Taddeo, M TI Moral Cyber Weapons SO ETHICS OF INFORMATION WARFARE SE Law Governance and Technology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB This paper examines the morality of cyber weapons, offering conditions under which they are not only ethical under just war theory, but morally preferred over their kinetic counterparts. When these conditions are satisfied, states not only have the option of using cyber weapons, but could even acquire a moral duty to do so over other forms of warfare. In particular, we show that states are morally obliged to use cyber weapons instead of kinetic weapons when they can be deployed for a purpose already deemed just under the law of armed conflict and without any significant loss of capability. The reason behind this moral obligation is that cyber weapons can reduce both the risk to one's own (putatively just) military and the harm to one's adversary and non-combatants. The paper discusses this obligation, using examples to illustrate cases where it does or does not apply. It also addresses several objections that have been raised about the use of cyber weapons, showing that they fail to fully counter the obligation to use cyber weapons derived from their reduction of risk and harm properties. C1 [Denning, Dorothy E.; Strawser, Bradley J.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Denning, DE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Def Anal, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM dedennin@nps.edu; bjstraws@nps.edu NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04135-3; 978-3-319-04134-6 J9 LAW GOV TECHNOL SER PY 2014 VL 14 BP 85 EP 103 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04135-3_6 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-04135-3 PG 19 WC Ethics; Social Issues SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Social Issues GA BB2XF UT WOS:000342452700007 ER PT S AU Vanhoy, JR Hicks, SF Chakraborty, A Champine, BR Combs, B Crider, BP Kersting, LJ Kumar, A Lueck, CJ McDonough, PJ McEllistrem, MT Peters, EE Prados-Estevez, FM Sidwell, L Sigillito, A Watts, DW Yates, SW AF Vanhoy, J. R. Hicks, S. F. Chakraborty, A. Champine, B. R. Combs, B. Crider, B. P. Kersting, L. J. Kumar, A. Lueck, C. J. McDonough, P. J. McEllistrem, M. T. Peters, E. E. Prados-Estevez, F. M. Sidwell, L. Sigillito, A. Watts, D. W. Yates, S. W. BE Lunardi, S Bizzeti, PG Kabana, S Bucci, C Chiari, M Dainese, A DiNezza, P Menegazzo, R Nannini, A Signorini, C ValienteDobon, JJ TI Differential Cross Sections for Neutron Elastic and Inelastic Scattering on Na-23 SO INPC 2013 - INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR PHYSICS CONFERENCE, VOL. 1 SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC) CY JUN 02-07, 2013 CL Firenze, ITALY SP Ist Nazl Fisica Nucl, Univ Firenze, Univ Milano, Univ Padova AB Measurements of neutron elastic and inelastic scattering from Na-23 have been performed for sixteen incident neutron energies above 1.5 MeV with the 7-MV University of Kentucky Accelerator using the H-3(p,n) reaction as the neutron source. These measurements were complemented by gamma-ray excitation functions using the (n,n'gamma) reaction. The time-of-flight technique is employed for background reduction in both neutron and gamma-ray measurements and for determining the energy of the scattered neutrons. Cross section determinations support fuel cycle and structural materials research and development. Previous reaction model evaluations [1] relied primarily on total cross sections and four (n,n0) and (n,n1) angular distributions in the E-n = 5 to 9 MeV range. The inclusion of more inelastic channels at lower neutron energies provides additional information on direct couplings between elastic and inelastic scattering as a function of angular momentum transfer. Reaction model calculations examining direct collective and statistical properties were performed. C1 [Vanhoy, J. R.; Watts, D. W.] US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Vanhoy, JR (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Phys, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM vanhoy@usna.edu RI Sigillito, Anthony/N-5981-2015 OI Sigillito, Anthony/0000-0002-4765-9414 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X BN 978-2-7598-1175-5 J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2014 VL 66 AR 03091 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20146603091 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA BB2XL UT WOS:000342462000228 ER PT J AU Melcer, T Walker, J Bhatnagar, V Richard, E Han, P Sechriest, VF Lebedda, M Quinn, K Galarneau, M AF Melcer, Ted Walker, Jay Bhatnagar, Vibha Richard, Erin Han, Peggy Sechriest, V. Franklin, II Lebedda, Martin Quinn, Kimberly Galarneau, Michael TI Glasgow Coma Scale scores, early opioids, and 4-year psychological outcomes among combat amputees SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE combat amputee; fentanyl; Glasgow Coma Scale; Iraq/Afghanistan conflicts; long-term psychological outcomes; loss of consciousness; military and VA health data; morphine; posttraumatic stress disorder; traumatic brain injury ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; VETERANS; HEALTH; AFGHANISTAN; CARE; SOLDIERS; DIAGNOSES; CONFLICTS AB Morphine and fentanyl are frequently used for analgesia after trauma, but there is debate over the advantages and disadvantages of these opioids. Among combat amputees, intravenous (IV) morphine (vs IV fentanyl) after injury was associated with reduced likelihood of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The previous results were based on military health diagnoses over 2 yr postinjury. The present study followed psychological diagnoses of patients with amputation for 4 yr using military and Department of Veterans Affairs health data. In-theater combat casualty records (n = 145) documented Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and/or morphine, fentanyl, or no opioid treatment within hours of injury. We found that (1) GCS scores were not significantly associated with PTSD; (2) longitudinal modeling using four (yearly) time points showed significantly reduced odds of PTSD for patients treated with morphine (vs fentanyl) across years (adjusted odds ratio = 0.40; 95% confidence interval = 0.17-0.94); (3) reduced PTSD prevalence for morphine (vs IV fentanyl; morphine = 25%, fentanyl = 59%, p < 0.05) was significant, specifically among patients with traumatic brain injury during the first 2 yr postinjury; and (4) PTSD prevalence, but not other disorders (e. g., mood), increased between year 1 (PTSD = 18%) and years 2 through 4 postinjury (PTSD range = 30%-32%). C1 [Melcer, Ted; Walker, Jay; Han, Peggy; Lebedda, Martin; Quinn, Kimberly; Galarneau, Michael] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Med Modeling Simulat & Mission Support, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Bhatnagar, Vibha; Richard, Erin] Dept Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, San Diego, CA USA. [Bhatnagar, Vibha; Richard, Erin] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Sechriest, V. Franklin, II] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. RP Melcer, T (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM ted.melcer@med.navy.mil FU Navy Bureau of Medicine Wounded Ill and Injured Program [61108]; VA FX Funding/Support: This material was based on work supported by the Navy Bureau of Medicine Wounded Ill and Injured Program (work unit 61108). This work was also supported by the VA. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 EI 1938-1352 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2014 VL 51 IS 5 BP 697 EP 709 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2013.06.0143 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA AP9FJ UT WOS:000342383900005 PM 25509056 ER PT S AU Agrawal, B AF Agrawal, Brij BE George, T Islam, MS Dutta, AK TI Adaptive optics center of excellence for national security SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VI CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Adaptive Optics AB This paper provides an overview of research at the Adaptive Optics Center of Excellence for national security (AOCoE) at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS). The Center was established in 2011 with the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research, National Reconnaissance Office, and Air Force research Laboratory. Research is in two areas: Segmented Mirror telescope (SMT) for imaging satellites and High Energy Laser Beam Control. SMT consists of a 3 meter diameter telescope with six segments and each segment has actuators for surface control and segment alignment. SMT research areas include developing improved techniques for surface control and segment alignment, and reduction in segment vibration by using tuned mass dampers. Research is also performed in adding a deformable mirror into the SMT optical path to correct for residual beam aberration not corrected by the primary mirror actuators. For high energy laser beam control the research areas are acquisition, tracking, and pointing, optical beam jitter control, and application of adaptive optics for correcting beam aberration due to air turbulence. The current focus is on adaptive optics for deep turbulence. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Agrawal, B (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, 1 Univ Circle, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM agrawal@nps.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-020-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9083 AR 90830N DI 10.1117/12.2050014 PG 15 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BB2VW UT WOS:000342426300013 ER PT S AU Alves, F Grbovic, D Karunasiri, G AF Alves, Fabio Grbovic, Dragoslav Karunasiri, Gamani BE George, T Islam, MS Dutta, AK TI Investigation of MEMS bi-material sensors with metamaterial absorbers for THz imaging SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VI CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Terahertz sensor; bi-material; metamaterial absorber ID TERAHERTZ; DESIGN; WAVE AB There has been a continued interest in the terahertz (THz) imaging due to penetration and non-ionizing properties. Real-time imaging in this spectral range has been demonstrated using infrared microbolometer technology with external illumination by quantum cascade lasers (QCL). However, to achieve high sensitivity, it is necessary to develop focal plane arrays using enhanced THz-absorbing materials. One attractive option to achieve real time THz imaging is MEMS bi-material sensor with embedded metamaterial absorbers, consisting of a periodic array of metallic squared elements separated from a homogeneous metallic ground plane by a dielectric layer. We have demonstrated that the metamaterial films can be designed using standard MEMS materials such as silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon oxinitrate (SiOxNy) and aluminum (Al), to achieve nearly 100 % resonant absorption matched to the illumination source, while providing structural support, desired thermomechanical properties and access to external optical readout. The metamaterial structure absorbs the incident THz radiation and transfers the heat to bi-material microcantilevers that are connected to the substrate, which acts as a heat sink, via thermal insulating legs. A temperature gradient builds up in the legs, allowing the overall structure to deform proportionally to the absorbed power. The amount of deformation can be probed by measuring the displacement of a laser beam reflected from the sensor's metallic ground plane. Several sensor configurations have been designed, fabricated and characterized to optimize responsivity, speed of operation and minimize structural residual stress. Measured figures of merit indicate that the THz MEMS sensors have a great potential for real-time imaging. C1 [Alves, Fabio; Grbovic, Dragoslav; Karunasiri, Gamani] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Alves, F (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fdalves@nps.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 18 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-020-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9083 AR 90830C DI 10.1117/12.2049854 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BB2VW UT WOS:000342426300008 ER PT S AU Boudreau, DJ Christophersen, M Yetzbacher, MK DePrenger, MJ AF Boudreau, Drew J. Christophersen, Marc Yetzbacher, Michael K. DePrenger, Michael J. BE George, T Islam, MS Dutta, AK TI Digital Level Micro-fabrication for Advanced Optical Structures SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VI CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Fabry-Perot etalon; hyperspectral imaging; greyscale lithography; optical structures; spectroscopy; microfabrication ID MASK AB Hyperspectral instruments with physical sizes comparable to that of a bare sensing array are now possible. Compact Fabry-Perot (FP) etalon arrays allow for different spectral sensitivities to be assigned to the different pixels of a sensing array. Such arrays for hyperspectral imaging are commercially available but underutilized due to cost and performance tradeoffs. FP arrays were first made possible by binary or logarithmic fabrication, which reduces the number of lithography steps to log(2)(k) where k is the number of distinct levels of material required for the integrated optical element. However, significant yield loss results from the several lithography steps required in this process. We introduce a new binary etching technique that allows for the creation of an arbitrary number of distinct levels with a single greyscale lithography technique. Our technique has been used for the fabrication of distinct levels of 1 nm rms flatness with a controlled 10 nm resolution. This technique has been used to fabricate a staircase structure with greater than 100 distinct steps directly on a COTS optical imager. Details of the fabrication technique and characteristics of the optical element will be presented. C1 [Boudreau, Drew J.; Christophersen, Marc; Yetzbacher, Michael K.] US Naval Acad, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [DePrenger, Michael J.] Tekla Res Inc, Dumfries, VA 22025 USA. RP Boudreau, DJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM andrew.boudreau@nrl.navy.mil RI Christophersen, Marc/B-6795-2008 FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research ( ONR). We thank Aptina for helpful discussions with respect to the CMOS imager. Furthermore, we would like to thank the Institute for Nanoscience ( NSI) at the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory and the NSI staff members - " thanks Dave". NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-020-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9083 AR UNSP 90832P DI 10.1117/12.2049821 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BB2VW UT WOS:000342426300059 ER PT S AU House, C Armstrong, J Burkhardt, J Firebaugh, S AF House, Christopher Armstrong, Jenelle Burkhardt, John Firebaugh, Samara BE George, T Islam, MS Dutta, AK TI Characterization of an acoustic actuation mechanism for robotic propulsion in low Reynolds number environments SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VI CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Microrobotics; acoustics; COMSOL; non-reciprocal motion; low Reynolds number; swimming microrobots AB With the end goal of medical applications such as non-invasive surgery and targeted drug delivery, an acoustically driven resonant structure is proposed for microrobotic propulsion. At the proposed scale, the low Reynolds number environment requires non-reciprocal motion from the robotic structure for propulsion; thus, a "flapper" with multiple, flexible joints, has been designed to produce excitation modes that involve the necessary flagella-like bending for non-reciprocal motion. The key design aspect of the flapper structure involves a very thin joint that allows bending in one (vertical) direction, but not the opposing direction. This allows for the second mass and joint to bend in a manner similar to a dolphin's "kick" at the bottom of their stroke, resulting in forward thrust. A 130 mm x 50 mm x 0 2 mm prototype of a swimming robot that utilizes the flapper was fabricated out of acrylic using a laser cutter. The robot was tested in water and in a water-glycerine solution designed to mimic microscale fluid conditions. The robot exhibited forward propulsion when excited by an underwater speaker at its resonance mode, with velocities up to 2.5 mm/s The robot also displayed frequency selectivity, leading to the possibility of exploring a steering mechanism with alternatively tuned flappers. Additional tests were conducted with a robot at a reduced size scale. C1 [House, Christopher; Armstrong, Jenelle; Burkhardt, John; Firebaugh, Samara] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP House, C (reprint author), US Naval Acad, 101 Buchanan Rd, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-020-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9083 AR 90832R DI 10.1117/12.2050054 PG 10 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BB2VW UT WOS:000342426300061 ER PT S AU Martin, MF Alves, F Santos, RAT Grbovic, D AF Martin, Michael F. Alves, Fabio Santos, Ricardo A. T. Grbovic, Dragoslav BE George, T Islam, MS Dutta, AK TI Modeling and simulation of multilayered thin films for terahertz detection SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VI CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Terahertz imaging; multilayered thin films; transfer matrix method AB In this article we demonstrate a method based on Transfer Matrix (TMM) that can be used to analyze optical properties of multilayered thin films and planar metamaterials for terahertz (THz) detection. Producing and testing such films require host substrates that can be up to 4 orders of magnitude thicker than the THz-sensitive films. Therefore, the ability to efficiently model, simulate and accurately predict the optical properties of multilayered structures, with significant differences in thickness, is crucial to designing sensors with maximized absorption. This method, which provides an analytical tool, less computationally intensive then finite element modeling, can be used for films composed of any number of layers with arbitrary thicknesses, aspect ratios and arbitrary angles of incidence. Homogeneous or patterned (metamaterials) films can be modeled enabling accurate analysis of positive and negative index materials indistinctly. Reflection, transmission and absorption of metallic/dielectric nanolaminates, metallic thin films and planar metamaterial films are analyzed and compared with experimental measurements and FE simulations. Results show good agreement for a wide range of structures, materials and frequencies and indicate that the method has a great potential for design and optimization of sophisticated multilayered structures for THz detection and beyond. C1 [Martin, Michael F.] Naval Acad, Div Engn & Weap, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Alves, Fabio; Grbovic, Dragoslav] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Santos, Ricardo A. T.] Inst Tecnologico Aeronaut, BR12228900 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. RP Martin, MF (reprint author), Naval Acad, Div Engn & Weap, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM fdalves@nps.edu FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX This work is supported in part by a grant from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-020-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9083 AR UNSP 90832T DI 10.1117/12.2050618 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BB2VW UT WOS:000342426300063 ER PT S AU Restaino, SR Hou, W Kanaev, A Matt, S Font, C AF Restaino, S. R. Hou, W. Kanaev, A. Matt, S. Font, C. BE George, T Islam, MS Dutta, AK TI Adaptive optics correction of a laser beam propagating underwater SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VI CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB The use of Adaptive Optics (AO) to correct for aberrations in a wavefront of propagating light has become customary for Astronomical applications and is now expanding to many other areas going from medical imaging to industrial applications. However, the propagation of light underwater has remained out of the main stream AO community for a variety of reasons, not least the shear difficulty of the situation. Our group has become a program that attempts to define under which circumstances such a correction could be envisioned. We take advantage of the NRL laboratory facility in Stennis, MS, where a large Plexiglas tank of water is equipped with heating and cooling plates that allow for a well measured thermal gradient that in turn generates different degrees of turbulence that can distort a propagating laser beam. In this paper we report on the preliminary findings of this ongoing program. The paper will describe the facility and the AO test-bed, the measurements made and some of the preliminary result. C1 [Restaino, S. R.] US Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Restaino, SR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7210,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-020-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9083 AR 90830R DI 10.1117/12.2060005 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BB2VW UT WOS:000342426300016 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Nanofluidics and Microfluidics Systems and Applications Introduction SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-4469-9.00001-9 PG 8 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500002 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Fundamentals for Microscale and Nanoscale Flows SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ELECTROKINETIC FLOW; TRANSPORT; MEMBRANE; NANOFLUIDICS; MICROCHANNEL; NANOCHANNEL; BIOSENSORS; CAPILLARY; PROTEINS C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 9 EP 38 DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-4469-9.00002-0 PG 30 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500003 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Nanofluidics and Microfluidics Systems and Applications Preface SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP IX EP IX PG 1 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500001 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Interfaces in Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Systems SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; INITIATED GRAFT-POLYMERIZATION; ACID-BASE BEHAVIOR; SURFACE MODIFICATION; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); PLASMA TREATMENT; PHOTOCHEMICAL MODIFICATION; MICROANALYTICAL DEVICES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 188 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 39 EP 86 DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-4469-9.00003-2 PG 48 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500004 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Advanced Fabrication Methods and Techniques SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER TEMPLATES; SILICON NANOWIRE ARRAYS; NANOIMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY; NANOFLUIDIC CHANNELS; SOFT LITHOGRAPHY; THIN-FILMS; MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS; 3-DIMENSIONAL MICROSTRUCTURES; NANOLITHOGRAPHIC APPLICATIONS; MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 167 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 87 EP 170 DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-4469-9.00004-4 PG 84 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500005 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Lab-on-a-Chip and Fluid Manipulation Applications SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NANOCAPILLARY ARRAY MEMBRANES; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; GOLD NANOTUBULE MEMBRANES; SHAPE-MEMORY MICROVALVES; SOLID-STATE NANOPORES; MICROFABRICATED PRECONCENTRATOR-FOCUSER; ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROFLUIDIC BIOSENSOR; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY DETECTORS; ELECTROWETTING-BASED ACTUATION; PLANAR NANOFLUIDIC CHANNELS C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 387 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 171 EP 239 DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-4469-9.00005-6 PG 69 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500006 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Energy and Environmental Applications SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID REVERSE-OSMOSIS MEMBRANES; PROTON-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; MICROFLUIDIC FUEL-CELL; LAMINAR-FLOW; WATER DESALINATION; FORMIC-ACID; CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION; ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES; SEAWATER DESALINATION; SURFACE MODIFICATION C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 160 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 241 EP 269 DI 10.1016/B978-1-4377-4469-9.00006-8 PG 29 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500007 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Review of Mathematical Concepts SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 271 EP 282 PG 12 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500008 ER PT B AU Prakash, S Yeom, J AF Prakash, Shaurya Yeom, Junghoon BA Prakash, S Yeom, J BF Prakash, S Yeom, J TI Useful Tabulated Data SO NANOFLUIDICS AND MICROFLUIDICS: SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS SE Micro & Nano Technologies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Prakash, Shaurya] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Yeom, Junghoon] Cbana Labs Inc, Champaign, IL USA. RP Prakash, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4377-4470-5; 978-1-4377-4469-9 J9 MICRO NANO TECHNOL PY 2014 BP 283 EP 286 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BB2ZD UT WOS:000342575500009 ER PT S AU McGill, RA Stievater, TH Pruessner, MW Holmstrom, SA Nierenberg, K McGill, R Nguyen, V Park, D Kendziora, C Furstenberg, R AF McGill, R. Andrew Stievater, Todd H. Pruessner, Marcel W. Holmstrom, Scott A. Nierenberg, Kerry McGill, Rachel Viet Nguyen Park, Doewon Kendziora, Christopher Furstenberg, Robert BE Druy, MA Crocombe, RA TI Infrared molecular binding spectroscopy realized in sorbent coated microfabricated devices SO NEXT-GENERATION SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNOLOGIES VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Spectroscopic Technologies VII CY MAY 05-06, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Hypersorbent; hydrogen-bonding; solutochromic; infrared spectroscopy; microbridge; photothermal spectroscopy; evanescent-field absorption spectroscopy; nerve agent ID CHEMICAL SENSORS; DESIGN; COATINGS; POLYMERS AB Sorbent materials are utilized in a range of analytical applications including coatings for preconcentrator devices, chromatography stationary phases, and as thin film transducer coatings used to concentrate analyte molecules of interest for detection. In this work we emphasize the use of sorbent materials to target absorption of analyte vapors and examine their molecular interaction with the sorbent by optically probing it with infrared (IR) light. The complex spectral changes which may occur during molecular binding of specific vapors to target sites in a sorbent can significantly aid in analyte detection. In this work a custom hydrogen-bond (HB) acidic polymer, HCSFA2, was used as the sorbent. HCSFA2 exhibits a high affinity for hazardous vapors with hydrogen-bond (HB) basic properties such as the G-nerve agents. Using bench top ATR-FTIR spectroscopy the HFIP hydroxyl stretching frequency has been observed in the mid wave infrared (MWIR) to shift by up to 700 wavenumbers when exposed to a strong HB base. The amount of shift is related to the HB basicity of the vapor. In addition, the large analyte polymer-gas partition coefficients sufficiently concentrate the analyte in the sorbent coating to allow spectral features of the analyte to be observed in the MWIR and long wave infrared (LWIR) while it is sorbed to HCSFA2. These spectral changes, induced by analyte-sorbent molecular binding, provide a rich signal feature space to consider selective detection of a wide range of chemical species as single components or complex mixtures. In addition, we demonstrate an HCSFA2 coated microbridge structure and micromechanical photothermal spectroscopy to monitor spectral changes when a vapor sorbs to HCSFA2. Example ATR-FTIR and microbridge spectra with exposures to dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP - G nerve agent simulant) and other vapors are compared. In a generic form we illustrate the concept of this work in Figure 1. The results of this work provide the potential to consider compact detection systems with high detection fidelity. C1 [McGill, R. Andrew; Stievater, Todd H.; Pruessner, Marcel W.; McGill, Rachel; Viet Nguyen; Park, Doewon; Kendziora, Christopher; Furstenberg, Robert] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Holmstrom, Scott A.; Nierenberg, Kerry] Univ Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. RP McGill, RA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mcgill@nrl.navy.mil FU core NRL FX This work was sponsored by core NRL basic research with funds administered by ONR. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-038-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9101 AR UNSP 910107 DI 10.1117/12.2050819 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB2ZP UT WOS:000342581800007 ER PT S AU Yetzbacher, MK Miller, CW Boudreau, AJ Christophersen, M Deprenger, MJ AF Yetzbacher, M. K. Miller, C. W. Boudreau, A. J. Christophersen, M. Deprenger, M. J. BE Druy, MA Crocombe, RA TI Multiple-order staircase etalon spectroscopy SO NEXT-GENERATION SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNOLOGIES VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Spectroscopic Technologies VII CY MAY 05-06, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE compact spectrometer; broadband; hyperspectral imaging; multiplexed spectroscopy ID SPECTROMETER; ARRAY AB Traditional Fabry-Perot (FP) spectroscopy is bandwidth limited to avoid mixing signals from different transmission orders of the interferometer. Unlike Fourier transformation, the extraction of spectra from multiple-order interferograms resulting from multiplexed optical signals is in general an ill-posed problem. Using a Fourier transform approach, we derive a generalized Nyquist limit appropriate to signal recovery from FP interferograms. This result is used to derive a set of design rules giving the usable wavelength range and spectral resolution of FP interferometers or etalon arrays given a set of accessible physical parameters. Numerical simulations verify the utility of these design rules for moderate resolution spectroscopy with bandwidths limited by the detector spectral response. Stable and accurate spectral recovery over more than one octave is accomplished by simple matrix multiplication of the interferogram. In analogy to recently developed single-order micro-etalon arrays (Proc. of SPIE v. 8266, no. 82660Q), we introduce Multiple-Order Staircase Etalon Spectroscopy (MOSES), in which micro-arrays of multiple order etalons can be bonded to or co-fabricated with a sensor array. MOSES enables broader bandwidth multispectral and hyperspectral instruments than single-order etalon arrays while keeping a physical footprint insignificantly different from that of the detection array. C1 [Yetzbacher, M. K.; Miller, C. W.; Boudreau, A. J.; Christophersen, M.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deprenger, M. J.] Tekla Res Inc, Quantico, VA 22025 USA. RP Yetzbacher, MK (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Christophersen, Marc/B-6795-2008 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-038-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9101 AR UNSP 910104 DI 10.1117/12.2049848 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB2ZP UT WOS:000342581800004 ER PT S AU Kutteruf, MR Yetzbacher, MK Deprenger, MJ Novak, KM Miller, CA Kanaev, A AF Kutteruf, Mary R. Yetzbacher, Michael K. Deprenger, Michael J. Novak, Kyle M. Miller, Corey A. Kanaev, Andrey BE Henry, DJ Lange, DA VonBerg, DL Rajan, SD Walls, TJ Young, DL TI 9-band SWIR multi-spectral sensor providing full motion video SO AIRBORNE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, RECONNAISSANCE (ISR) SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications XI CY MAY 07-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Imaging systems; multispectral imaging; infrared spectroscopy; short-wave infrared AB Short wave infrared (SWIR) sensors are becoming more common in DoD imaging systems because of their haze penetration capabilities and spectral properties of materials in this waveband. Typical SWIR systems have provided either full motion video (FMV) with framing panchromatic systems or multi-spectral or hyperspectral imagery with line-scanning systems. The system described here bridges these modalities, providing FMV with nine discrete spectral bands. Nine pixel sized SWIR filters are arranged in a repeating 3x3 pattern and mounted on top of a COTS, 2D staring focal plane array (FPA). We characterize the spectral response of the filter and integrated sensor. Spot-scan measurements and data collected with this camera using narrow band sources reveals crosstalk induced nonlinearity in the sensor response. We demonstrate a simple approach to reduce the impact of this nonlinearity on collected imagery. C1 [Kutteruf, Mary R.; Yetzbacher, Michael K.; Kanaev, Andrey] US Naval Res Lab, Appl Opt Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Deprenger, Michael J.; Novak, Kyle M.; Miller, Corey A.] Tekla Res Inc, Dumfries, VA USA. RP Kutteruf, MR (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Appl Opt Branch, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM code5662@nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-013-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9076 AR UNSP 90760M DI 10.1117/12.2049975 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB2TC UT WOS:000342288300020 ER PT S AU Walls, TJ Boudreau, AJ Wilson, ML Haws, JR Johnson, T Petersen, B AF Walls, Thomas J. Boudreau, Andrew J. Wilson, Michael L. Haws, Jonathan R. Johnson, Troy Petersen, Brad BE Henry, DJ Lange, DA VonBerg, DL Rajan, SD Walls, TJ Young, DL TI Automated Multi-INT Fusion for Tactical Reconnaissance SO AIRBORNE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, RECONNAISSANCE (ISR) SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications XI CY MAY 07-08, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE ISR; UAS; Payload; Autonomous; real-time fusion; STANAG; System of systems ID FABRICATION; MASK AB The capabilities of tactical intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) payloads continue to expand from single sensor imagers to integrated systems of systems architectures. We describe here flight test results of the Sensor Management System (SMS) designed to provide a flexible central coordination component capable of managing multiple collaborative sensor systems onboard an aircraft or unmanned aerial system (UAS). The SMS architecture is designed to be sensor and data agnostic and provide flexible networked access for both data providers and data consumers. It supports pre-planned and ad-hoc missions, with provisions for on-demand tasking and updates from users connected via data links. The SMS system is STANAG 4575 compliant as a removable memory module (RMM) and can act as a vehicle specific module (VSM) to provide STANAG 4586 compliance (level-3 interoperability) to a noncompliant sensor system. The SMS architecture will be described and results from several flight tests that included multiple sensor combinations and live data link updates will be shown. C1 [Walls, Thomas J.; Boudreau, Andrew J.; Wilson, Michael L.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Haws, Jonathan R.; Johnson, Troy; Petersen, Brad] Space Dynam Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Walls, TJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research ( ONR) FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research ( ONR). NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-013-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9076 AR UNSP 90760H DI 10.1117/12.2053563 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB2TC UT WOS:000342288300016 ER PT S AU Furstenberg, R Kendziora, C Papantonakis, M Nguyen, V McGill, RA AF Furstenberg, Robert Kendziora, Christopher Papantonakis, Michael Viet Nguyen McGill, R. Andrew BE Fountain, AW TI The challenge of changing signatures in infrared stand-off detection of trace explosives SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Defense, Security + Sensing Symposium / 15th Annual Meeting on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Explosives; Infrared; Signatures; Back-scattering; Reflectance; Photo-thermal; Mie Scattering; Modeling AB We report our preliminary results on numerical modeling of IR back-scattering (reflectivity) and absorption (photothermal) IR signatures of micron-size (5-20 mu m) particles. We use the Mie scattering theory which is an exact solution of the scattering problem for spherical particles of arbitrary size. In this paper, we approximate the particles as spheres with an equivalent volume. While we expect particle shape to influence IR spectra (albeit to a lesser extent), in this paper, we restrict ourselves to the effect of size (i.e. particle diameter) only. We also study the effect of air, solvent and other additive inclusions on the IR spectra. Finally, we address the effect of particle surface roughness. We show that all these parameters (size, inclusions, roughness) affect the scattering process which results in distortions to the IR spectra as compared to library values for bulk material. The effect of substrate on the IR spectra is not studied due to the limitations of the Mie scattering theory which was developed for isolated particles only. In addition to particle-related effects on IR spectra, the presence of substrate will have additional effects as well and this was studied previously by other research groups. We expect that the results of this study will help improve the performance of various detection algorithms by accounting for changing IR spectra. C1 [Furstenberg, Robert; Kendziora, Christopher; Papantonakis, Michael; Viet Nguyen; McGill, R. Andrew] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Furstenberg, R (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM robert.furstenberg@nrl.navy.mil NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-010-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9073 AR 90730M DI 10.1117/12.2050621 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB2WC UT WOS:000342428900018 ER PT S AU Nguyen, V Furstenberg, R Carr, N McGill, R Mott, DR Papantonakis, M Kendziora, C McGill, RA AF Viet Nguyen Furstenberg, Robert Carr, Nora McGill, Rachel Mott, David R. Papantonakis, Michael Kendziora, Christopher McGill, R. Andrew BE Fountain, AW TI Fate and Effects of Trace Particulate Explosives SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Defense, Security + Sensing Symposium / 15th Annual Meeting on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing CY MAY 05-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Trace explosives detection; DNT; particles; sublimation; fingerprint; sieving; test coupon; fluidic modelling; particle image analysis ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; FINGERPRINT FORMATION; PARTICLE STANDARDS; DETECTION SYSTEMS; SUBLIMATION RATE; THERMAL PLUME; HEAT-TRANSFER; HUMAN-BODY; AIR-FLOW; RDX AB When handling explosives, related materials, explosive devices, or related surfaces, the hands routinely become contaminated with particles of explosives and any related materials. Subsequent finger or palm friction ridge contact with a solid surface, and the application of sufficient pressure, results in particle depositions and particle crushing at the substrate surface within a finger or palm print. These particles and related materials provide an evidentiary trail which is useful for security applications both prior or post to detonation of an explosive device. As such, the optophysicochemical characteristics of these particles are of particular interest for trace explosives detection applications in DOD or DHS arenas. One limiting factor to forensics exploitation is the persistence of these particles so it is important to understand which factors significantly influence their sublimation or decomposition under different conditions. The longevity or stability of explosives particles on a substrate is a function of a range of environmental parameters or particle properties including: Chemical vapor pressure, particle geometry, temperature, airflow, relative humidity, condensation, inclusion chemicals, chemical adlayers, incident light, in some instances the substrate itself and as we show in this work the areal density of the particles covering the substrate. Here, we have studied particles of explosives as pure chemicals, deposited on a glass surface by particle sieving, by photomicroscopy to monitor their sublimation as a function of different experimental variables. Analysis of 2D microscopic images was used to compute and track particle size and geometrical characteristics as a function of time with different test conditions. In this preliminary work a limited set of different test conditions were employed including a range of areal coverage's for 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), different particle sizes and a range of airflow rates. The humidity, temperature and substrate were kept constant for each particle type. To perform the experiments a custom flow cell was designed to accommodate a standard microscopy glass slide and to allow in-situ photomicroscopy. The fluidic airflow through the test cell was modelled and flows were selected to provide relevant flow velocities for static and moving applications. For a chemical of interest, we define the radial sublimation velocity (RSV) for the equivalent sphere of a particle as a parameter to characterize the sublimation rate of a material in particle form. The RSV is a useful parameter because it is independent of particle size. The sublimation rate for an ensemble of particles is found to significantly depend on airflow velocity and the areal density of the particles. To establish or estimate the persistence of particles in ambient air we conclude that the particle sizing, airflow conditions and areal density must be known. C1 [Viet Nguyen; Furstenberg, Robert; Carr, Nora; McGill, Rachel; Mott, David R.; Papantonakis, Michael; Kendziora, Christopher; McGill, R. Andrew] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP McGill, RA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mcgill@nrl.navy.mil OI Mott, David/0000-0002-7863-456X NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-010-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9073 AR 90730R DI 10.1117/12.2050735 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BB2WC UT WOS:000342428900022 ER PT J AU MacKenzie, CA Barker, K Santos, JR AF MacKenzie, Cameron A. Barker, Kash Santos, Joost R. TI Modeling a severe supply chain disruption and post-disaster decision making with application to the Japanese earthquake and tsunami SO IIE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Supply chain risk; disruption management; Japanese earthquake and tsunami; simulation; automobile industry ID ONE-MANUFACTURER; RISK; MANAGEMENT; DEMAND; DIVERSIFICATION; COORDINATION; COMPETITION; MITIGATION; STRATEGIES; RETAILERS AB Modern supply chains are increasingly vulnerable to disruptions, and a disruption in one part of the world can cause supply difficulties for companies around the globe. This article develops a model of severe supply chain disruptions in which several suppliers suffer from disabled production facilities and firms that purchase goods from those suppliers may consequently suffer a supply shortage. Suppliers and firms can choose disruption management strategies to maintain operations. A supplier with a disabled facility may choose to move production to an alternate facility, and a firm encountering a supply shortage may be able to use inventory or buy supplies from an alternate supplier. The supplier's and firm's optimal decisions are expressed in terms of model parameters such as the cost of each strategy, the chances of losing business, and the probability of facilities reopening. The model is applied to a simulation based on the 2011 Japanese earthquake and tsunami, which closed several facilities of key suppliers in the automobile industry and caused supply difficulties for both Japanese and U.S. automakers. C1 [MacKenzie, Cameron A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Barker, Kash] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Ind & Syst Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Santos, Joost R.] George Washington Univ, Dept Engn Management & Syst Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP MacKenzie, CA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Resources Management Inst, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM camacken@nps.edu OI Barker, Kash/0000-0002-0142-1558 FU National Science Foundation, Division of Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation [0927299, 0963718]; Center for International Business Education and Research at The George Washington University FX The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers and Jennifer Spencer, Associate Professor of International Business & International Affairs at The George Washington University, for their thoughtful insights and comments. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation, Division of Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation under awards 0927299 and 0963718 and by the Center for International Business Education and Research at The George Washington University. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0740-817X EI 1545-8830 J9 IIE TRANS JI IIE Trans. PY 2014 VL 46 IS 12 SI SI BP 1243 EP 1260 DI 10.1080/0740817X.2013.876241 PG 18 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA AP8BV UT WOS:000342303900001 ER PT S AU Kim, W Bowman, SR Baker, C Villalobos, G Shaw, B Sadowski, B Hunt, M Aggarwal, I Sanghera, J AF Kim, Woohong Bowman, Steven R. Baker, Colin Villalobos, Guillermo Shaw, Brandon Sadowski, Bryan Hunt, Michael Aggarwal, Ishwar Sanghera, Jasbinder BE Dubinskii, M Post, SG TI Holmium Doped Laser Materials for Eye-safe Solid State Laser Application SO LASER TECHNOLOGY FOR DEFENSE AND SECURITY X SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Technology for Defense and Security X CY MAY 06-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Sesquioxides; Nano-powders; transparent ceramics; eye-safe lasers; Non-radiative loss; Calorimetry ID YAG LASER; HO-YAG AB Trivalent holmium has 14 laser channels from 0.55 to 3.9 mu m. The laser emission of most interest is the transition I-5(7)-> I-5(8) near 2 mu m because of its potential for use in eye-safe systems and medical applications. In this paper, we present our recent results in the development of Ho3+ doped laser materials for eye-safe solid state lasers. We report a calorimetric study of non-radiative losses in two micron pumped holmium doped laser host materials such as silica glass, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal and Lu2O3 ceramics. Optical, spectral and morphological properties as well as the lasing performance from highly transparent ceramics are presented. C1 [Kim, Woohong; Bowman, Steven R.; Baker, Colin; Villalobos, Guillermo; Shaw, Brandon; Sanghera, Jasbinder] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Av SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Sadowski, Bryan; Aggarwal, Ishwar] Sotera Def Solut, Crofton, MD USA. [Hunt, Michael] URF, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Kim, W (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Av SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Baker, Colin/I-6657-2015 NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-018-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9081 AR UNSP 908105 DI 10.1117/12.2050922 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB2TE UT WOS:000342289500002 ER PT S AU Carreras, F Owen, G AF Carreras, Francesc Owen, Guillermo BE Helber, S Breitner, M Rosch, D Schon, C VonDerSchulenburg, JMG Sibbertsen, P Steinbach, M Weber, S Wolter, A TI A New Allocation Method for Simple Bargaining Problems: The Shapley Rule SO OPERATIONS RESEARCH PROCEEDINGS 2012 SE Operations Research Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Annual Conference of the German-Operations-Research-Society (GOR) CY SEP 05-07, 2012 CL Leibniz Univ, Hannover, GERMANY SP German Operat Res Soc HO Leibniz Univ C1 [Carreras, Francesc] Tech Univ Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain. [Owen, Guillermo] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93944 USA. RP Carreras, F (reprint author), Tech Univ Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain. EM francesc.carreras@upc.edu; gowen@nps.edu FU Catalonian Government [01029]; Spanish Ministry and the European Regional Development Fund [08037] FX Research partially supported by Grants SGR 2009-01029 of the Catalonian Government (Generalitat de Catalunya) and MTM 2009-08037 of the Science and Innovation Spanish Ministry and the European Regional Development Fund. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0721-5924 BN 978-3-319-00795-3; 978-3-319-00794-6 J9 OPERAT RES PROCEED PY 2014 BP 225 EP 230 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-00795-3_33 PG 6 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA BB2WQ UT WOS:000342440500033 ER PT S AU Huang, L Lambrakos, SG Shabaev, A Bernstein, N Massa, L AF Huang, L. Lambrakos, S. G. Shabaev, A. Bernstein, N. Massa, L. BE Wikner, DA Luukanen, AR TI DFT Calculated THz Absorption Spectra of Water Clusters SO PASSIVE AND ACTIVE MILLIMETER-WAVE IMAGING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Passive and Active Millimeter-Wave Imaging XVII CY MAY 08-09, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE DFT; spectral analysis; dielectric response ID SIMPLE POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; LIQUID WATER; AB-INITIO; TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY; GLOBAL MINIMA; DENSITY; EXPLOSIVES; (H2O)(N); N-LESS-THAN-OR-EQUAL-TO-21 AB Calculations are presented of vibrational resonance structure at THz frequencies for a 38 molecule cluster of H2O using density functional theory (DFT). This resonance structure is due to coupling of molecular vibrational modes. In particular, the coupling among resonance modes provides a reasonable molecular level interpretation of spectral features associated with THz excitation of molecular clusters. THz excitation is associated with frequencies that are characteristically perturbative to molecular electronic states, in contrast to frequencies that can induce appreciable electronic state transition. Owing to this characteristic of THz excitation, one is able to make a direct association between local oscillations about ground-state minima of molecules comprising a cluster and THz excitation spectra. The DFT software GAUSSIAN was used for the calculations of vibrational resonance structure presented here. C1 [Huang, L.; Lambrakos, S. G.; Bernstein, N.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Massa, L.] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY USA. RP Huang, L (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratorys Basic Research Program FX Funding for this project was provded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratorys Basic Research Program NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-015-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9078 AR UNSP 90780K DI 10.1117/12.2049974 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BB2TF UT WOS:000342290900016 ER PT S AU Brandsema, MJ Narayanan, RM Lanzagorta, M AF Brandsema, Matthew J. Narayanan, Ram M. Lanzagorta, Marco BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Design Considerations for Quantum Radar Implementation SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XVIII CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Quantum Radar; Entanglement; Coherent States AB Quantum radar serves to drastically improve the resolution of current radar technology using quantum phenomena. This paper will first review some of the proposed ideas and engineering designs behind both entanglement radar and coherent state radar design schemes. Entanglement radar is based on first entangling two photons, then sending one of the entangled photons out towards the target, and keeping the other one at home. A correlation between the two photons is analyzed to obtain information. Coherent state quantum radar relies on using coherent state photons and a quantum detection scheme in order to beat the diffraction limit. Based on the above, a proposed design concept to implement of a coherent state quantum radar is presented for simultaneously determining target range and azimuth/elevation angles. C1 [Brandsema, Matthew J.; Narayanan, Ram M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lanzagorta, Marco] Naval Res Lab, Code 5543, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Brandsema, MJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ram@engr.psu.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 18 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-014-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9077 AR UNSP 90770T DI 10.1117/12.2053117 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BB2TB UT WOS:000342287500026 ER PT S AU Evans, JR Kruse, FA Bickel, DL Dunkel, R AF Evans, J. R. Kruse, F. A. Bickel, D. L. Dunkel, Ralf BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Determining snow depth using Ku-Band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XVIII CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE snow depth; synthetic aperture radar; SAR; interferometric SAR; Lynx Ku-band radar ID SIR-C/X-SAR; FMCW RADAR; LIDAR AB Monitoring seasonal snow accumulation is important for evaluation of snow models, for short- and long-term snow cover monitoring, and for both military and civilian activities in cold climates. Improved spatial analysis of snow depth and volume can help decision makers plan for future events and mitigate risk. Current snow depth measurement methods fall short of operational requirements. This research explored a new approach for determining snow depth using Ku-band multi-pass (monostatic) airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). A perturbation method that isolated and compared high frequency terrain phase to elevation was used to generate Snow-Off and Snow-On DEMs from the InSAR phase data. Differencing the InSAR DEMs determined elevation change caused by accumulated snow. Comparison of InSAR snow depths to manual snow depth measurements indicated average InSAR snow depth errors of -8cm, 95cm, -49cm, 176cm, 87cm, and 42cm for six SAR pairs. The source of these errors appears to be mostly related to uncorrected slope and tilt in fitted low frequency planes. Results show that this technique has promise but accuracy could be substantially improved by the use of bistatic SAR systems, which would allow for more stable and measurable interferometric baselines. C1 [Evans, J. R.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kruse, F. A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Phys, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Kruse, F. A.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Remote Sensing, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bickel, D. L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Dunkel, Ralf] Gen Atom Aeronaut, San Diego 92127, CA USA. RP Evans, JR (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Meteorol, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM fakruse@nps.edu FU U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We would like to thank the flight crews of General Atomic Aeronautical, who were instrumental obtaining the data used in this research. Without their support this project literally would not have been able to get off the ground. Alex Clayton of the Mammoth Mountain Ski Patrol played a critical role determining the best location to conduct the research, helping to guide the on- mountain validation, and contributing extensively to the Snow- On portion of the field campaign. Both Geoffrey Kruse and Maj. Paul Homan also spent many hours on the mountain digging holes in the snow and carrying equipment to the survey site. Without their efforts the research would not have been possible. Sandia National Laboratories, a cooperative participant in this research, is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U. S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-014-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9077 AR UNSP 90770V DI 10.1117/12.2049711 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BB2TB UT WOS:000342287500028 ER PT S AU Walls, TJ Wilson, ML Madsen, D Jensen, M Sullivan, S Addario, M Hally, I AF Walls, Thomas J. Wilson, Michael L. Madsen, David Jensen, Mark Sullivan, Stephanie Addario, Michael Hally, Iain BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Multi-Mission, Autonomous, Synthetic Aperture Radar SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XVIII CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE synthetic aperture radar; SAR; autonomous; UAV; UAS; radar imaging; real-time image formation AB Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) have become a critical asset in current battlespaces and continue to play an increasing role for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) missions. With the development of medium-to-low altitude, rapidly deployable aircraft platforms, the ISR community has seen an increasing push to develop ISR sensors and systems with real-time mission support capabilities. This paper describes recent flight demonstrations and test results of the RASAR (Real-time, Autonomous, Synthetic Aperture Radar) sensor system. RASAR is a modular, multi-band (L and X) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging sensor designed for self-contained, autonomous, real-time operation with mission flexibility to support a wide range of ISR needs within the size, weight and power constraints of Group III UASs. The sensor command and control and real-time image formation processing are designed to allow integration of RASAR into a larger, multi-intelligence system of systems. The multi-intelligence architecture and a demonstration of real-time autonomous cross-cueing of a separate optical sensor will be presented. C1 [Walls, Thomas J.; Wilson, Michael L.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Madsen, David; Jensen, Mark; Sullivan, Stephanie] Space Dynam Lab, 1695 Res Pk Way, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Addario, Michael; Hally, Iain] SRC Inc, North Syracuse, NY 13212 USA. RP Walls, TJ (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) FX This work was funded by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-014-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9077 AR UNSP 907706 DI 10.1117/12.2053561 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BB2TB UT WOS:000342287500005 ER PT B AU Katsaros, KB Mitnik, L Black, P AF Katsaros, Kristina B. Mitnik, Leonid Black, Peter BE Tang, D Sui, G TI Microwave Instruments for Observing Tropical Cyclones SO TYPHOON IMPACT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT SE Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Tropical cyclones; Microwave remote sensing; Satellite and aircraft observations ID CLOUD LIQUID WATER; SPECIAL SENSOR MICROWAVE/IMAGER; TOTAL PRECIPITABLE WATER; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; MEASURING MISSION TRMM; SIZE ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS; SOUNDING UNIT; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; WIND-SPEED; SCANNING RADIOMETER AB Development of microwave technologies and our ability to penetrate into Tropical Cyclones (TCs) by instrumented aircraft and observe from satellites have contributed much of the knowledge and understanding that exist today. We can now follow the structure and development of a storm from inception through the many stages towards a dangerous typhoon, hurricane or cyclone, as they are variously called around the globe. The data from satellite microwave radiometers, scatterometers, altimeters, Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs), microwave sounders, a rain radar and a cloud profiling radar as well as coastal radars, airborne radars and microwave radiometers have all contributed to changing the fields of both TC research and TC operational forecasting. C1 [Katsaros, Kristina B.] NW Res Associates Inc, Bellevue, WA 98052 USA. [Mitnik, Leonid] FEB RAS, VI Ilichev Pacific Oceanol Inst, Vladivostok, Russia. [Black, Peter] SAIC Inc, Monterey, CA USA. [Black, Peter] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. RP Katsaros, KB (reprint author), NW Res Associates Inc, Bellevue, WA 98052 USA. EM katsaros@whidbey.net NR 189 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-3-642-40695-9; 978-3-642-40694-2 J9 ADV NAT TECH HAZ RES PY 2014 VL 40 BP 5 EP 61 DI 10.1007/978-3-642-40695-9_2 D2 10.1007/978-3-642-40695-9 PG 57 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA BA8LE UT WOS:000338255800003 ER PT J AU Thulasiraman, P Sagir, Y AF Thulasiraman, Preetha Sagir, Yavuz GP IEEE TI Dynamic Bandwidth Provisioning Using Markov Chain Based RSVP for Unmanned Ground Networks SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTER-DISCIPLINARY CONFERENCE ON COGNITIVE METHODS IN SITUATION AWARENESS AND DECISION SUPPORT (COGSIMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Inter-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA) CY MAR 03-06, 2014 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE ID WIRELESS NETWORKS; PREDICTION; MANAGEMENT; CHANNEL; MODEL AB An unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) network operates as an intermittently connected system, distributed over large geographic areas. The cooperative nature of a UGV network requires that bandwidth be allocated depending on necessity between individual UGV nodes. In this paper, we study the problem of dynamic bandwidth provisioning in a UGV network. Specifically, we integrate the use of a basic statistical model, known as the Markov chain with a widely known network reservation protocol known as the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP). The Markov chain is used to estimate future traffic demand along a path based on channel conditions. The Markov chain results are used as input to the RSVP which then allocates the required bandwidth along the path. Using a wireless network simulation platform called Qualnet, we show that the integrated Markov chain and RSVP algorithm provides higher bandwidth guarantees and better overall quality of service (QoS) when compared solely with using RSVP in wireless communication networks. C1 [Thulasiraman, Preetha; Sagir, Yavuz] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Thulasiraman, P (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pthulas1@nps.edu; ysagir@nps.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3564-2 PY 2014 BP 130 EP 136 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB2AO UT WOS:000341577900021 ER PT J AU Thulasiraman, P Clark, GA Beach, TM AF Thulasiraman, Preetha Clark, Grace A. Beach, Timothy M. GP IEEE TI Mobility Estimation Using an Extended Kalman Filter for Unmanned Ground Vehicle Networks SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTER-DISCIPLINARY CONFERENCE ON COGNITIVE METHODS IN SITUATION AWARENESS AND DECISION SUPPORT (COGSIMA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Inter-Disciplinary Conference on Cognitive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA) CY MAR 03-06, 2014 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE ID CELLULAR NETWORKS; TRACKING AB An ad hoc unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) network operates as an intermittently connected mobile delay tolerant network (DTN). In this paper, we develop a mobility estimation algorithm that can be coupled with a cooperative communication routing algorithm to provide a basis for real time path planning in UGV-DTNs. A Gauss-Markov state space model is used for the node dynamics. The nonlinear measurement signals are constant-power RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) signals transmitted from fixed-position base stations. An extended Kalman filter (EKF) is derived for estimating the position, velocity and acceleration of a UGV node in a two-dimensional spatial grid environment. We use Matlab to simulate a single mobile node traveling along a trajectory that includes abrupt maneuvers. Estimation performance is measured using zero-mean whiteness tests on the innovations sequences, root mean square error (RSME) of the state estimates, weighted sum squared residuals (WSSRs), and the posterior Cramer-Rao lower bound (PCRLB). Under these performance indices, we demonstrate that the mobility estimation algorithm performs effectively. C1 [Thulasiraman, Preetha; Beach, Timothy M.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Clark, Grace A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Thulasiraman, P (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM pthulas1@nps.edu; clarkga1@comcast.net; tmbeach@nps.edu NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4799-3564-2 PY 2014 BP 223 EP 229 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB2AO UT WOS:000341577900035 ER PT B AU Madison, KL Madison, RD AF Madison, Karen Lentz Madison, R. D. BE Gianquitto, T Fisher, L TI Darwin's Year and Melville's "New Ancient of Days" SO AMERICA'S DARWIN: DARWINIAN THEORY AND U.S. LITERARY CULTURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Madison, Karen Lentz] Coll English Assoc, New York, NY USA. [Madison, R. D.] US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV GEORGIA PRESS PI ATHENS PA ATHENS, GA 30602 USA BN 978-0-8203-4448-5; 978-0-8203-4675-5 PY 2014 BP 86 EP 103 PG 18 WC Literary Theory & Criticism; Literature, American SC Literature GA BB2CT UT WOS:000341656200005 ER PT J AU Lussier, LL Montgomery, MT Bell, MM AF Lussier, L. L., III Montgomery, M. T. Bell, M. M. TI The genesis of Typhoon Nuri as observed during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS-08) field experiment - Part 3: Dynamics of low-level spin-up during the genesis SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WAVE CRITICAL LAYER; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; WESTERN PACIFIC; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; EASTERLY WAVES; EVOLUTION AB Aircraft reconnaissance data collected during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 field campaign are used to examine further kinematical, dynamical, and thermodynamical aspects of the genesis of Typhoon Nuri. Data from the first two missions into the pre-Nuri disturbance document the transition from a tropical wave to a tropical depression. Dropwindsonde-derived tangential wind profiles at several radii from the low-level circulation center indicate that the magnitude of low-level circulation increases and that the corresponding tangential velocity maximum moves inward from the first to second reconnaissance mission. To compliment these findings, a three-dimensional variational analysis incorporating both dropwindsonde and aircraft Doppler radar data is conducted. These data are used to perform circulation tendency calculations at multiple distances from the low-level circulation center. The results demonstrate a net spin-up of the system-scale circulation in the low levels near the center and in the outer regions of the recirculating Kelvin cat's eye circulation. In these regions, the spin-up tendency due to the influx of cyclonic absolute vorticity exceeds the frictional spin-down tendency for both Nuri missions. The system-scale spin-up is found to be accompanied by areas of low-level vorticity concentration through vortex-tube stretching associated with cumulus convection. The areal coverage and intensity of these high-vorticity regions increase between the first and second Nuri missions. The findings of this study are consistent in some respects to the Nuri observational analysis carried out by Raymond and Lopez-Carrillo (2011), but differ in their suggested key results and related scientific implications that the pre-Nuri disturbance was spinning down in the planetary boundary layer on the first day of observations. The findings herein strongly support a recent tropical cyclogenesis model positing that the Kelvin cat's eye circulation of the parent wavelike disturbance provides a favorable environment for convective vorticity organization and low-level spin-up on the mesoscale. C1 [Lussier, L. L., III; Montgomery, M. T.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Bell, M. M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Lussier, LL (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM lussier@ucar.edu OI Bell, Michael/0000-0002-0496-331X FU National Research Council (NRC), through its Research Associateship Program; Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N0001411WX20095]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS 0733380, 0851077] FX Lou Lussier acknowledges the support from the National Research Council (NRC), through its Research Associateship Program, and the host institution, the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California. The work of all authors was partially supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), through award N0001411WX20095, and by the National Science Foundation (NSF), through awards AGS 0733380 and 0851077. The ELDORA and dropwindsonde data for this study were provided by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 16 BP 8795 EP 8812 DI 10.5194/acp-14-8795-2014 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP3QK UT WOS:000341991600033 ER PT S AU Ewing, KJ Sanghera, JS AF Ewing, K. J. Sanghera, J. S. BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI Investigation of disturbed earth detection in the very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XIX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XIX CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE infrared reflectance; Reststrahlen band; disturbed earth AB Undisturbed soil generally consists of larger silica particles where the smaller particles have been removed from the surface by weathering, i.e., rain. Large silica particles exhibit a significant reflectance in the 7 - 12 mu m spectral region called the Reststrahlen band. It has been demonstrated that the Reststrahlen band intensity is proportional to the particle size distribution of silica in the soil; as the proportion of small to large silica particles increases the Reststrahlen band also decreases in intensity. When soil is disturbed, for example when an object is buried, the distribution of silica particles is changed such that the "new" surface consists of a greater proportion of small to large silica particles. The increased number of small silica particles decreases the intensity of the Reststrahlen band therefore enabling detection of buried objects by imaging in the 7 - 12 m spectral range. There is a second reflectance band in the 17 - 25 m spectral region which has not been used for detection of buried objects. We investigate the behavior of this second Reststrahlen band for disturbed earth and evaluate its use for enhanced detection of buried objects when combined with the first Reststrahlen band. C1 [Ewing, K. J.; Sanghera, J. S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ewing, KJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5620, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-009-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9072 AR 90721E DI 10.1117/12.2058869 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB2MZ UT WOS:000341920700044 ER PT S AU Major, KJ Ewing, KJ Poutous, MK Sanghera, JS Aggarwal, ID AF Major, Kevin J. Ewing, Kenneth J. Poutous, Menelaos K. Sanghera, Jasbinder S. Aggarwal, Ishwar D. BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI Filter-based chemical sensors for hazardous materials SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XIX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XIX CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE FTIR; chemical sensing; broad-band filtered detection; overlapping signal separation ID EXPLOSIVES; KROMOSCOPY AB The development of new techniques for the detection of homemade explosive devices is an area of intense research for the defense community. Such sensors must exhibit high selectivity to detect explosives and/or explosives related materials in a complex environment. Spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR are capable of discriminating between the volatile components of explosives; however, there is a need for less expensive systems for wide-range use in the field. To tackle this challenge we are investigating the use of multiple, overlapping, broad-band infrared (IR) filters to enable discrimination of volatile chemicals associated with an explosive device from potential background interferants with similar chemical signatures. We present an optical approach for the detection of fuel oil (the volatile component in ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosives) that relies on IR absorption spectroscopy in a laboratory environment. Our proposed system utilizes a three filter set to separate the IR signals from fuel oil and various background interferants in the sample headspace. Filter responses for the chemical spectra are calculated using a Gaussian filter set. We demonstrate that using a specifically chosen filter set enables discrimination of pure fuel oil, hexanes, and acetone, as well as various mixtures of these components. We examine the effects of varying carrier gasses and humidity on the collected spectra and corresponding filter response. We study the filter response on these mixtures over time as well as present a variety of methods for observing the filter response functions to determine the response of this approach to detecting fuel oil in various environments. C1 [Major, Kevin J.; Poutous, Menelaos K.; Aggarwal, Ishwar D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Ewing, Kenneth J.; Sanghera, Jasbinder S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Major, KJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Opt Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-009-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9072 AR UNSP 907212 DI 10.1117/12.2050437 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB2MZ UT WOS:000341920700034 ER PT S AU Duarte, CN Cramer, MA Stack, JR AF Duarte, Christiane N. Cramer, Megan A. Stack, Jason R. BE Suresh, R TI Development of an Unmanned Maritime System Reference Architecture SO OPEN ARCHITECTURE/OPEN BUSINESS MODEL NET-CENTRIC SYSTEMS AND DEFENSE TRANSFORMATION 2014 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Conference on Open Architecture (OA) / Open Business Model (OBM) Net-Centric Systems and Defense Transformation CY MAY 05-07, 2014 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Reference Architecture; Unmanned Maritime System; Autonomous Operations; Technology Insertion AB The concept of operations (CONOPS) for unmanned maritime systems (UMS) continues to envision systems that are multi-mission, re-configurable and capable of acceptable performance over a wide range of environmental and contextual variability. Key enablers for these concepts of operation are an autonomy module which can execute different mission directives and a mission payload consisting of re-configurable sensor or effector suites. This level of modularity in mission payloads enables affordability, flexibility (i.e., more capability with future platforms) and scalability (i.e., force multiplication). The modularity in autonomy facilitates rapid technology integration, prototyping, testing and leveraging of state-of-the-art advances in autonomy research. Capability drivers imply a requirement to maintain an open architecture design for both research and acquisition programs. As the maritime platforms become more stable in their design (e g unmanned surface vehicles, unmanned underwater vehicles) future developments are able to focus on more capable sensors and more robust autonomy algorithms To respond to Fleet needs, given an evolving threat, programs will want to interchange the latest sensor or a new and improved algorithm in a cost effective and efficient manner. In order to make this possible, the programs need a reference architecture that will define for technology providers where their piece fits and how to successfully integrate. With these concerns in mind, the US Navy established the Unmanned Maritime Systems Reference Architecture (UMS-RA) Working Group in August 2011. This group consists of Department of Defense and industry participants working the problem of defining reference architecture for autonomous operations of maritime systems. This paper summarizes its efforts to date. C1 [Duarte, Christiane N.] Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. [Cramer, Megan A.] Program Execut Off Littoral Combat Ships, Washington, DC 20374 USA. [Stack, Jason R.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Duarte, CN (reprint author), Naval Undersea Warfare Ctr Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. EM christiane.duarte@navy.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-033-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9096 AR UNSP 90960H DI 10.1117/12.2055259 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BB2NF UT WOS:000341924200009 ER PT S AU Sanghera, J Gibson, D AF Sanghera, J. Gibson, D. BE Adam, JL Zhang, X TI Optical properties of chalcogenide glasses and fibers SO CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES: PREPARATION, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS SE Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE chalcogenide glass; optical properties; nonlinear optics ID PHOTONIC-CRYSTAL FIBERS; STIMULATED BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; S-SE GLASSES; GE-AS-SE; INFRARED TRANSMISSION; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; NONLINEAR PROPERTIES; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; HOLLOW-CORE; AS2SE3 AB This chapter discusses the optical properties of chalcogenide glasses and fibers for infrared applications. The chapter describes the theory of optical transmission including intrinsic material losses and extrinsic losses due to impurity absorptions. Refractive index and material dispersion of bulk glass are reviewed. Optical fiber transmission loss and laser power delivery data are discussed. Nonlinear optical processes are explored for active devices including Raman amplification, supercontinuum generation, stimulated Brillouin scattering for slow-light applications and four wave mixing. C1 [Sanghera, J.; Gibson, D.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Mat & Devices Branch, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Sanghera, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Opt Mat & Devices Branch, Code 5620,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM jas.sanghera@nrl.navy.mil; dan.gibson@nrl.navy.mil NR 75 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-1501 BN 978-0-85709-356-1; 978-0-85709-345-5 J9 WOODH PUB SER ELECT PY 2014 IS 44 BP 113 EP 138 DI 10.1533/9780857093561.1.113 PG 26 WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Optics; Physics GA BB2CI UT WOS:000341642200005 ER PT J AU Gerke, TL Little, BJ Luxton, TP Scheckel, KG Maynard, JB Szabo, JG AF Gerke, Tammie L. Little, Brenda J. Luxton, Todd P. Scheckel, Kirk G. Maynard, J. Barry Szabo, Jeff G. TI Strontium adsorption and desorption reactions in model drinking water distribution systems SO JOURNAL OF WATER SUPPLY RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-AQUA LA English DT Article DE calcium carbonate; drinking water distribution system; alpha-FeOOH; iron; strontium; XANES ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; IRON CORROSION SCALES; ZERO CHARGE; INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; PIPE CORROSION; RELEASE; KAOLINITE; CHLORINE AB Divalent cationic strontium (Sr2+) adsorption to and desorption from iron corrosion products were examined in two model drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). One system was maintained with chlorine-disinfected drinking water and the other with the same water with secondary chloramine disinfection. Flow conditions simulated primary transmission lines (constant flow) and residential mains (periods of stagnation). Accumulation of Sr2+ to iron corrosion products in model DWDS was independent of disinfection type. Adsorption and desorption mechanisms are discussed. X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and linear combination fitting determined Sr2+ was primarily associated with iron oxyhydroxide corrosion products. At the end of the desorption study, the amount of Sr2+ remaining in iron corrosion products equilibrated to approximate levels observed at the end of the constant flow adsorption experiments. These results suggest that enhanced iron corrosion product loading of Sr2+ during stagnation could be short lived under constant flow conditions. Differences between adsorption and desorption based on disinfection type (chlorine versus chlorine plus chloramine) cannot be used to control Sr2+ desorption. C1 [Gerke, Tammie L.] Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Maynard, J. Barry] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Little, Brenda J.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Luxton, Todd P.; Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, LRPCD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Szabo, Jeff G.] US EPA, NHSRC, WIPD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gerke, TL (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM gerketl@miamioh.edu RI BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Department of Energy (DOE); MRCAT; US DOE - Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of Washington; Canadian Light Source; APS; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) and the MRCAT member institutions. PNC/XSD facilities at the APS, and research at these facilities, are supported by the US DOE - Basic Energy Sciences, a Major Resources Support grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, the Canadian Light Source and the APS. Use of the APS, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02- 06CH11357. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed a portion of the research described here. It has been subject to Agency review but does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NRL publication number JA/7303-13-1740. We thank M. K. DeSantis for photographs of the iron corrosion samples. We also thank Jason Lee for insightful comments on how to improve the manuscript. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0003-7214 EI 1365-2087 J9 J WATER SUPPLY RES T JI J. Water Supply Res Technol.-Aqua PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 449 EP 460 DI 10.2166/aqua.2014.075 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA AP1XH UT WOS:000341865100003 ER PT B AU Driskell, JE King, J Driskell, T AF Driskell, James E. King, Jennifer Driskell, Tripp BE Webster, M Sell, J TI Conducting Applied Experimental Research SO LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID APPLIED-PSYCHOLOGY; HAND GESTURES; SPEECH C1 [Driskell, James E.] Florida Maxima Corp, Orlando, FL 32804 USA. [King, Jennifer] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Driskell, Tripp] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Driskell, JE (reprint author), Florida Maxima Corp, Orlando, FL 32804 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-405186-7; 978-0-12-404681-8 PY 2014 BP 451 EP 472 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404681-8.00020-0 PG 22 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BB1VV UT WOS:000341416300024 ER PT J AU Li, FY Cheng, KJ Antoline, JFG Iyer, MR Matyas, GR Torres, OB Jalah, R Beck, Z Alving, CR Parrish, DA Deschamps, JR Jacobson, AE Rice, KC AF Li, Fuying Cheng, Kejun Antoline, Joshua F. G. Iyer, Malliga R. Matyas, Gary R. Torres, Oscar B. Jalah, Rashmi Beck, Zoltan Alving, Carl R. Parrish, Damon A. Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Jacobson, Arthur E. Rice, Kenner C. TI Synthesis and immunological effects of heroin vaccines SO ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXIDE-BRIDGED PHENYLMORPHANS; ALPHA,BETA-UNSATURATED CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; MORPHINE CONJUGATE VACCINE; N-PHENETHYL ANALOGS; SERUM-ALBUMIN; ANTIBODIES; HAPTEN; RATS; DERIVATIVES; OXYCODONE AB Three haptens have been synthesized with linkers for attachment to carrier macromolecules at either the piperidino-nitrogen or via an introduced 3-amino group. Two of the haptens, with a 2-oxopropyl functionality at either C6, or at both the C3 and C6 positions on the 4,5-epoxymorphinan framework, as well as the third hapten (DiAmHap) with diamido moieties at both the C3 and C6 positions, should be much more stable in solution, or in vivo in a vaccine, than a hapten with an ester in one of those positions, as found in many heroin-based haptens. A "classical" opioid synthetic scheme enabled the formation of a 3-amino-4,5-epoxymorphinan which could not be obtained using palladium chemistry. Our vaccines are aimed at the reduction of the abuse of heroin and, as well, at the reduction of the effects of its predominant metabolites, 6-acetylmorphine and morphine. One of the haptens, DiAmHap, has given interesting results in a heroin vaccine and is clearly more suited for the purpose than the other two haptens. C1 [Li, Fuying; Cheng, Kejun; Antoline, Joshua F. G.; Iyer, Malliga R.; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Li, Fuying; Cheng, Kejun; Antoline, Joshua F. G.; Iyer, Malliga R.; Jacobson, Arthur E.; Rice, Kenner C.] NIAAA, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Matyas, Gary R.; Torres, Oscar B.; Jalah, Rashmi; Beck, Zoltan; Alving, Carl R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Lab Adjuvant & Antigen Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Torres, Oscar B.; Jalah, Rashmi; Beck, Zoltan] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Parrish, Damon A.; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rice, KC (reprint author), NIDA, Drug Design & Synth Sect, Chem Biol Res Branch, 9800 Med Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kenner.rice@nih.gov FU NIH Intramural Research Program of National Institute on Drug Abuse; NIH Intramural Research Program of National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine [W81XWH-07-2-067]; U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC) [W81XWH-07-2-067]; National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH) [1DP1DA034787-01]; NIDA [Y1-DA1101]; Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) FX The work of FL, KC, JFGA, MRI, AEJ, and KCR was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, The work of GRM, OBT, RJ, ZB, and CRA was supported through a Cooperative Agreement Award (no. W81XWH-07-2-067) between the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine and the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC). The work was partially supported by an Avant Garde award to GRM from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH grant no. 1DP1DA034787-01). The X-ray crystallographic work was supported by NIDA through an Interagency Agreement #Y1-DA1101 with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). NIH, DHHS. Ms. Elaine Morrison, and Mr Marcus Gallon provided outstanding technical assistance. We thank Noel Whittaker and Dr John Lloyd (Mass Spectrometry Facility, NIDDK) for the mass spectral data, and Drs Klaus Gawrisch and Walter Teague (Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA) for NMR spectroscopic data. Research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other federal statutes and regulations relating to animals and experiments involving animals and adhered to principles stated in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, NRC Publication, 1996 edition. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or NIH, or the U.S. Government. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 20 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-0520 EI 1477-0539 J9 ORG BIOMOL CHEM JI Org. Biomol. Chem. PY 2014 VL 12 IS 37 BP 7211 EP 7232 DI 10.1039/c4ob01053a PG 22 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AO5CU UT WOS:000341360400005 PM 24995943 ER PT B AU Rendon, RG Snider, KF AF Rendon, Rene G. Snider, Keith F. BE Soeters, J Shields, PM Rietjens, S TI RETRIEVING WHAT'S ALREADY THERE Archival data for research in defense acquisition SO ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF RESEARCH METHODS IN MILITARY STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Rendon, Rene G.; Snider, Keith F.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Rendon, RG (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM rgrendon@nps.edu; ksnider@nps.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-09380-1; 978-0-415-63533-2 PY 2014 BP 78 EP 91 PG 14 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BB1WN UT WOS:000341427100009 ER PT J AU de Vries, MJMP Dorner, S Pukite, J Hormann, C Fromm, MD Wagner, T AF de Vries, M. J. M. Penning Doerner, S. Pukite, J. Hoermann, C. Fromm, M. D. Wagner, T. TI Characterisation of a stratospheric sulfate plume from the Nabro volcano using a combination of passive satellite measurements in nadir and limb geometry SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ASIAN MONSOON TRANSPORT; UV AEROSOL INDEXES; O-2 A-BAND; MOUNT-PINATUBO; SO2 FLUXES; ERUPTION; CLOUDS; CLIMATE; INSTRUMENT; SCIAMACHY AB The eruption of the Nabro volcano (Eritrea), which started on 12 June 2011, caused the introduction of large quantities of SO2 into the lower stratosphere. The subsequently formed sulfate aerosols could be detected for several months following the eruption. It is generally assumed that the formation of sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere is a relatively slow process, but in plumes from explosive eruptions significant amounts of aerosols have been seen to form within a few hours. We show that sulfate aerosols were present in the lower stratosphere within hours of the onset of the eruption of Nabro. Evidence comes from nadir UV Aerosol Index (UVAI) and SO2 measurements by SCIAMACHY, GOME-2 and OMI, and limb aerosol measurements by SCIAMACHY. The sulfate plume displays negative UVAI in the western part of OMI's swath and positive UVAI in the eastern part - an effect that is due to the strong viewing angle dependence of UVAI and can only be caused by a high-altitude (> 11 km), non-absorbing (single-scattering albedo > 0.97) aerosol plume. For the retrieval of the aerosol profile from limb measurements, the horizontal dimensions and the position of the aerosol plume need to be taken into account, otherwise both extinction and layer height may be underestimated appreciably. By combining nadir SO2 column density and UVAI with limb aerosol profiles, a stratospheric plume from Nabro could be tracked from 13 to 17 June, before the plumes from later, lower-altitude explosions started interfering with the signal. Our findings are in agreement with ground-based lidar and sun-photometer data from an MPLNET/AERONET station in Israel and with data from the satellite-borne CALIOP lidar. C1 [de Vries, M. J. M. Penning; Doerner, S.; Pukite, J.; Hoermann, C.; Wagner, T.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Fromm, M. D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP de Vries, MJMP (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, Hahn Meitner Weg 1, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. EM marloes.penningdevries@mpic.de FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [PU518/1-1] FX We gratefully acknowledge the use of the following Level-2 data products: calibrated MODIS radiances, OMI OMAERUV UVAI, and CALIOP extinction profiles from NASA; SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 UVAI (within the O3MSAF) and FRESCO+ cloud fractions from TEMIS, with special thanks to Olaf Tuinder for GOME-2 UVAI from PMDs. EUMETSAT is acknowledged for providing Level-1 data from SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 and NASA for Level-1 OMI data. ECMWF Reanalysis data used in this study have been obtained from the ECMWF Data Server. We thank the MPLNET and AERONET teams (Arnon Karnieli) at Sede Boker for sharing their data and maintaining the measurement site. S. Beirle, S. Kuhl, L. Clarisse, N. Theys, K. Yang and M. von Hobe are thanked for stimulating discussions. One of the authors (J. Pukite) is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (PU518/1-1). NR 63 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 15 BP 8149 EP 8163 DI 10.5194/acp-14-8149-2014 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AO1VN UT WOS:000341103600031 ER PT S AU Saunders, M Kong, C Menon, S Wacey, D AF Saunders, M. Kong, C. Menon, S. Wacey, D. BE Nellist, PD TI Electron microscopy reveals unique microfossil preservation in 1 billion-year-old lakes SO ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND ANALYSIS GROUP CONFERENCE 2013 (EMAG2013) SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the Electron-Microscopy-and-Analysis-Group (EMAG) CY SEP 03-06, 2013 CL York, ENGLAND SP Electron Microscopy & Anal Grp AB Electron microscopy was applied to the study of 1 billion-year-old microfossils from northwest Scotland in order to investigate their 3D morphology and mode of fossilization. 3D-FIB-SEM revealed high quality preservation of organic cell walls with only minor amounts of post-mortem decomposition, followed by variable degrees of morphological alteration (folding and compression of cell walls) during sediment compaction. EFTEM mapping plus SAED revealed a diverse fossilizing mineral assemblage including K-rich clay, Fe-Mg-rich clay and calcium phosphate, with each mineral occupying specific microenvironments in proximity to carbonaceous microfossil cell walls. C1 [Saunders, M.] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Microscopy Characterisat & Anal, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Kong, C.] Univ New South Wales, Elect Microscopy Unit, Kingsford, NSW 2052, Australia. [Menon, S.] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Wacey, D.] Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci Ctr Geobiol, Bergen, Norway. [Wacey, D.] Univ Western Australia, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Core Crust, Ctr Microscopy Characterisat & Anal Ctr Explorat, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. RP Saunders, M (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Ctr Microscopy Characterisat & Anal, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. EM Martin.Saunders@uwa.edu.au RI Saunders, Martin/B-3082-2011; Wacey, David/D-4080-2011 OI Saunders, Martin/0000-0001-6873-7816; Wacey, David/0000-0002-7124-0701 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2014 VL 522 AR UNSP 012024 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/522/1/012024 PG 4 WC Microscopy; Physics, Applied SC Microscopy; Physics GA BB1CI UT WOS:000340969200024 ER PT J AU Horton, JL Phillips, CJ White, MR LeardMann, CA Crum-Cianflone, NF AF Horton, Jaime L. Phillips, Christopher J. White, Martin R. LeardMann, Cynthia A. Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F. TI Trends in New US Marine Corps Accessions During the Recent Conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; SMOKELESS TOBACCO USE; ENERGY DRINK CONSUMPTION; BODY-MASS INDEX; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE; COMBAT DEPLOYMENT; SERVICE MEMBERS AB The objective of this study was to analyze trends in preservice characteristics among Marine Corps recruits during the recent operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Recruits completed a confidential survey during their first week of training at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot in San Diego, California. Demographics, behaviors, and health information were analyzed for trends from 2001 to 2010 using the Cochran-Armitage trend test and F statistic. Data from 131,961 male recruits with a mean age of 19.8 years were analyzed. Overall, entry characteristics remained stable exhibiting only modest changes over the study period. Favorable trends included recent (2009-2010) improvements in body mass index and physical activity levels. Unfavorable trends included increases in smokeless tobacco and caffeine use, and angry outbursts. Although many recruit characteristics remained similar over the past decade, both favorable and unfavorable trends in sociobehavioral characteristics were noted. The ongoing assessment of preservice characteristics is important for detecting emerging trends over time. Findings may guide leadership's understanding of changes to help develop early-service trainings promoting a healthier force and potentially reducing future adverse outcomes. C1 [Horton, Jaime L.; Phillips, Christopher J.; White, Martin R.; LeardMann, Cynthia A.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Horton, JL (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Deployment Hlth Res Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. FU Department of Defense [60002] FX We thank Dennis Hernando, Lauren Bauer, and Kartavya Vyas from the Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California; and Michelle LeWark, also from the Naval Health Research Center. We also thank the professionals from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, especially those from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Fort Detrick, Maryland, and the U.S. Marines at Marine Corps Recruit Depot, San Diego, California. This study (report 13-13) was supported by the Department of Defense under work unit 60002. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 179 IS 1 BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00329 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AN7UH UT WOS:000340806000011 PM 24402987 ER PT B AU Porges, M AF Porges, Marisa BE Silke, A TI SAUDI ARABIA'S "SOFT" APPROACH TO TERRORIST PRISONERS A model for others? SO PRISONS, TERRORISM AND EXTREMISM: CRITICAL ISSUES IN MANAGEMENT, RADICALISATION AND REFORM SE Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Porges, Marisa] Harvard Univ, Kennedy Sch, Belfer Ctr Sci & Int Affairs, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Porges, Marisa] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. RP Porges, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Kennedy Sch, Belfer Ctr Sci & Int Affairs, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-415-81038-8; 978-0-203-58432-3; 978-0-415-81037-1 J9 POLITICAL VIOLENCE PY 2014 BP 169 EP 182 PG 14 WC Criminology & Penology SC Criminology & Penology GA BB1GA UT WOS:000341097200012 ER PT B AU Guttieri, K Franke, V AF Guttieri, Karen Franke, Volker BE Franke, V Guttieri, K Civic, MA TI Complex operations Connecting scholarship and practice SO UNDERSTANDING COMPLEX MILITARY OPERATIONS: A CASE STUDY APPROACH SE Security and Conflict Management LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Guttieri, Karen] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Franke, Volker] Kennesaw State Univ, PhD Program Int Conflict Management, Kennesaw, GA USA. [Franke, Volker] Syracuse Univ, Maxwell Sch Citizenship & Publ Affairs, Natl Secur Studies Case Studies Program, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Guttieri, K (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-88157-7; 978-0-415-71280-4 J9 SECUR CONFL MANAG PY 2014 BP 1 EP 17 PG 17 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA BB1JI UT WOS:000341149600002 ER PT B AU Powley, EH Taylor, SN AF Powley, Edward H. Taylor, Scott N. BE Franke, V Guttieri, K Civic, MA TI Leading healing in a broken unit SO UNDERSTANDING COMPLEX MILITARY OPERATIONS: A CASE STUDY APPROACH SE Security and Conflict Management LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Powley, Edward H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Taylor, Scott N.] Univ New Mexico, Anderson Sch Management, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Powley, EH (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-88157-7; 978-0-415-71280-4 J9 SECUR CONFL MANAG PY 2014 BP 115 EP 131 PG 17 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA BB1JI UT WOS:000341149600010 ER PT B AU Looney, RE AF Looney, Robert E. BE Looney, RE TI Handbook of Emerging Economies Introduction SO HANDBOOK OF EMERGING ECONOMIES SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Looney, RE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-10876-5; 978-1-85743-670-9 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2014 BP 3 EP 12 PG 10 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA BB0IY UT WOS:000340250900003 ER PT B AU Looney, RE AF Looney, Robert E. BE Looney, RE TI South Africa's difficult transition SO HANDBOOK OF EMERGING ECONOMIES SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Looney, RE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-10876-5; 978-1-85743-670-9 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2014 BP 105 EP 133 PG 29 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA BB0IY UT WOS:000340250900009 ER PT B AU Looney, RE AF Looney, Robert E. BE Looney, RE TI Modern stage theories and their relevance for the emerging economies SO HANDBOOK OF EMERGING ECONOMIES SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Looney, RE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-10876-5; 978-1-85743-670-9 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2014 BP 137 EP 176 PG 40 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA BB0IY UT WOS:000340250900010 ER PT B AU Springborg, R AF Springborg, Robert BE Looney, RE TI Egypt Too 'big' to succeed? SO HANDBOOK OF EMERGING ECONOMIES SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Springborg, Robert] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Springborg, Robert] Ctr Civil Mil Relat, Washington, DC USA. [Springborg, Robert] Sch Oriental & African Studies, London, England. [Springborg, Robert] Amer Res Ctr, Cairo, Egypt. [Springborg, Robert] Macquarie Univ, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Springborg, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Springborg, Robert] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Springborg, R (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Natl Secur Affairs, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-10876-5; 978-1-85743-670-9 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2014 BP 397 EP 415 PG 19 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA BB0IY UT WOS:000340250900023 ER PT B AU Looney, RE AF Looney, Robert E. BE Looney, RE TI The Saudi Arabian model SO HANDBOOK OF EMERGING ECONOMIES SE Routledge International Handbooks LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GROWTH; PRODUCTIVITY C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Looney, RE (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-10876-5; 978-1-85743-670-9 J9 ROUT INT HANDB PY 2014 BP 475 EP 500 PG 26 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA BB0IY UT WOS:000340250900027 ER PT J AU Roach, JA AF Roach, J. Ashley TI Today's Customary International Law of the Sea SO OCEAN DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL LAW LA English DT Article DE customary international law; law of the sea; 1958 Geneva Conventions on the Law of the Sea; UN Convention on the Law of the Sea AB International courts and tribunals, governments, and scholars over the past half-century (many in the past two decades) have identified various provisions of the 1958 and 1982 treaties on the law of the sea that are customary international law and thus binding on all states, including those not party to these treaties. This article systematically collects these opinions and identifies provisions that have not yet attracted their attention. RP Roach, JA (reprint author), USN, JAGC, The Pentagon, VA USA. EM jashleyr@yahoo.com NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0090-8320 EI 1521-0642 J9 OCEAN DEV INT LAW JI Ocean Dev. Int. Law PY 2014 VL 45 IS 3 BP 239 EP 259 DI 10.1080/00908320.2014.929460 PG 21 WC International Relations; Law SC International Relations; Government & Law GA AN1SA UT WOS:000340362700001 ER PT J AU Parrish, A Boyd, IS Nedoluha, GE Bhartia, PK Frith, SM Kramarova, NA Connor, BJ Bodeker, GE Froidevaux, L Shiotani, M Sakazaki, T AF Parrish, A. Boyd, I. S. Nedoluha, G. E. Bhartia, P. K. Frith, S. M. Kramarova, N. A. Connor, B. J. Bodeker, G. E. Froidevaux, L. Shiotani, M. Sakazaki, T. TI Diurnal variations of stratospheric ozone measured by ground-based microwave remote sensing at the Mauna Loa NDACC site: measurement validation and GEOSCCM model comparison SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EMISSION SOUNDER SMILES; TRACE CONSTITUENTS; MESOSPHERIC OZONE; UARS; SATELLITE; TRANSPORT AB There is presently renewed interest in diurnal variations of stratospheric and mesospheric ozone for the purpose of supporting homogenization of records of various ozone measurements that are limited by the technique employed to being made at certain times of day. We have made such measurements for 19 years using a passive microwave remote sensing technique at the Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) in Hawaii, which is a primary station in the Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). We have recently reprocessed these data with hourly time resolution to study diurnal variations. We inspected differences between pairs of the ozone spectra (e. g., day and night) from which the ozone profiles are derived to determine the extent to which they may be contaminated by diurnally varying systematic instrumental or measurement effects. These are small, and we have reduced them further by selecting data that meet certain criteria that we established. We have calculated differences between profiles measured at different times: morning-night, afternoon-night, and morning-afternoon and have intercompared these with like profiles derived from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (Aura-MLS), the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder (UARS-MLS), the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES), and Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet version 2 (SBUV/2) measurements. Differences between averages of coincident profiles are typically <1.5% of typical nighttime values over most of the covered altitude range with some exceptions. We calculated averages of ozone values for each hour from the Mauna Loa microwave data, and normalized these to the average for the first hour after midnight for comparison with corresponding values calculated with the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry Climate Model (GEOSCCM). We found that the measurements and model output mostly agree to better than 1.5% of the midnight value, with one noteworthy exception: The measured morning-night values are significantly (2-3 %) higher than the modeled ones from 3.2 to 1.8 hPa (similar to 39-43 km), and there is evidence that the measured values are increasing compared to the modeled values before sunrise in this region. C1 [Parrish, A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Boyd, I. S.] BC Sci Consulting LLC, Dinuba, CA USA. [Nedoluha, G. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Bhartia, P. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Frith, S. M.; Kramarova, N. A.] SSAI, Lanham, MD USA. [Connor, B. J.] BC Sci Consulting LLC, Wellington, New Zealand. [Bodeker, G. E.] Bodeker Sci, Alexandra, New Zealand. [Froidevaux, L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Shiotani, M.; Sakazaki, T.] Kyoto Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Humanosphere, Uji, Japan. RP Parrish, A (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM parrish@astro.umass.edu; iboyd@astro.umass.edu RI Kramarova, Natalya/D-2270-2014; Bhartia, Pawan/A-4209-2016; OI Kramarova, Natalya/0000-0002-6083-8548; Bhartia, Pawan/0000-0001-8307-9137; Bodeker, Gregory/0000-0003-1094-5852 FU NOAA; NASA [NNX09AG85G] FX The SBUV/2, UARS-, and Aura-MLS data used in this effort were acquired as part of the activities of NASA's Science Mission Directorate, and are archived and distributed by the NASA-Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center. The SBUV/2 effort is also supported by NOAA, as the instruments are aboard NOAA operational satellites. The SMILES instrument was jointly developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. The L2 data were processed and distributed from the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of JAXA under the supervision of M. Suzuki. We thank all those involved in developing these instruments, processing and understanding their data, and making them available to the research community. We likewise thank all those involved in the NASA-Goddard GEOSCCM modeling effort. We thank the International Space Sciences Institute for hosting a set of three workshops on characterizing ozone diurnal variations that several of us attended. This work was supported by NASA Grant NNX09AG85G. Field support for the MWR was provided by Jet Propulsion Laboratory and NOAA Mauna Loa Observatory staff. Work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was done under contract with NASA. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 14 BP 7255 EP 7272 DI 10.5194/acp-14-7255-2014 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AM5XR UT WOS:000339934900009 ER PT J AU Shi, Y Zhang, J Reid, JS Liu, B Hyer, EJ AF Shi, Y. Zhang, J. Reid, J. S. Liu, B. Hyer, E. J. TI Critical evaluation of cloud contamination in the MISR aerosol products using MODIS cloud mask products SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MISR; OPTICAL DEPTH RETRIEVALS; DATA-ASSIMILATION; AERONET; OCEAN; VALIDATION; LAND; ALGORITHM; THICKNESS; CHANNELS AB Using Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-based cloud screening methods, the impacts of cloud contamination on the Terra Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) aerosol optical depth (AOD) product are evaluated. Based on one year of collocated MISR and MODIS data, this study suggests that cloud contamination exists in both over-water and over-land MISR AOD data, with heavier cloud contamination occurring over the high latitude southern hemispheric oceans. On average globally, this study shows that thin cirrus cloud contamination introduces a possible similar to 0.01 high bias for the over-water MISR AOD retrievals. Over the mid-to high-latitude oceans and Southeast Asia, this number increases to 0.015-0.02. However, biases much larger than this mean value are found in individual retrievals, especially in retrievals that are near cloud edges. This study suggests that cloud-clearing methods using observations from MISR alone, which has only visible and near-infrared channels, may not be sufficient for all scenarios. Measurements from MODIS can be applied to assist cloud-clearing of the MISR aerosol retrievals. Cloud screening algorithms based on multi-sensor approaches are feasible and should be considered for current and future satellite aerosol studies. C1 [Shi, Y.; Zhang, J.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Reid, J. S.; Hyer, E. J.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA USA. [Liu, B.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Comp Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Shi, Y (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. EM yingxi.shi@my.und.edu RI Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014 OI Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955 FU Office of Naval Research [322]; NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program FX This research was funded by the Office of Naval Research Code 322 and the NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program. Yingxi Shi is funded by the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program. We also appreciate the MISR aerosol team, MODIS cloud mask team, the NASA Langley Atmospheric Science Data Center and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for the MISR aerosol data and MODIS cloud mask data. We thank the AERONET program for establishing and maintaining the AERONET sites used in this study. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1791 EP 1801 DI 10.5194/amt-7-1791-2014 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AM5YB UT WOS:000339935900020 ER PT J AU Burden, DK Spillmann, CM Everett, RK Barlow, DE Orihuela, B Deschamps, JR Fears, KP Rittschof, D Wahl, KJ AF Burden, Daniel K. Spillmann, Christopher M. Everett, Richard K. Barlow, Daniel E. Orihuela, Beatriz Deschamps, Jeffrey R. Fears, Kenan P. Rittschof, Daniel Wahl, Kathryn J. TI Growth and development of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite: time and spatially resolved structure and chemistry of the base plate SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Article DE barnacle; microscopy; FTIR; in situ; adhesion; interface ID BALANUS-AMPHITRITE; UNDERWATER ADHESIVE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CEMENT APPARATUS; INFRARED-SPECTRA; CHITIN; SHELL; FTIR; EXOSKELETON; MICROSCOPY AB The radial growth and advancement of the adhesive interface to the substratum of many species of acorn barnacles occurs underwater and beneath an opaque, calcified shell. Here, the time-dependent growth processes involving various autofluorescent materials within the interface of live barnacles are imaged for the first time using 3D time-lapse confocal microscopy. Key features of the interface development in the striped barnacle, Amphibalanus (= Balanus) amphitrite were resolved in situ and include advancement of the barnacle/substratum interface, epicuticle membrane development, protein secretion, and calcification. Microscopic and spectroscopic techniques provide ex situ material identification of regions imaged by confocal microscopy. In situ and ex situ analysis of the interface support the hypothesis that barnacle interface development is a complex process coupling sequential, timed secretory events and morphological changes. This results in a multi-layered interface that concomitantly fulfills the roles of strongly adhering to a substratum while permitting continuous molting and radial growth at the periphery. C1 [Burden, Daniel K.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Fears, Kenan P.; Wahl, Kathryn J.] Naval Res Lab, Chem Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Spillmann, Christopher M.; Deschamps, Jeffrey R.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC USA. [Everett, Richard K.] Naval Res Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Washington, DC USA. [Orihuela, Beatriz; Rittschof, Daniel] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. RP Wahl, KJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Chem Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM kathryn.wahl@nrl.navy.mil OI Wahl, Kathryn/0000-0001-8163-6964 FU National Research Council Post-Doctoral Associateship; Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program; ONR Coatings Program [N0001413WX20750, N00014-11-1-0180, N00014-12-1-0365] FX DKB was supported through a National Research Council Post-Doctoral Associateship. This work was supported by The Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory Basic Research Program and also the ONR Coatings Program [grants N0001413WX20750 to KJW; and N00014-11-1-0180 and N00014-12-1-0365 to DR]. NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 10 U2 45 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 EI 1029-2454 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PY 2014 VL 30 IS 7 BP 799 EP 812 DI 10.1080/08927014.2014.930736 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AM8PC UT WOS:000340138100004 PM 25115515 ER PT J AU Doherty, BJ AF Doherty, Brendan J. TI Presidential Party Fundraising in Hopes of Not Having to Govern by Himself SO FORUM-A JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN CONTEMPORARY POLITICS LA English DT Article ID CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS AB The extent to which presidents embrace the role of electoral leader of their party is important but relatively understudied. Each of the past three presidents devoted substantial time to the role of chief party fundraiser during his first 2 years in office, hoping to avoid having to govern by himself in the final 2 years of his first term. Key institutional and contextual factors drive these dynamics. Presidents are incentivized to spend time fundraising for their co-partisans because of the interaction of the high costs of campaigns and the contribution limits mandated by campaign finance laws in an era of intense partisan competition. While even unpopular presidents are in demand as fundraisers, popularity does relate to fundraising dynamics. An unpopular Bill Clinton aggressively embraced fundraising efforts behind closed doors in his first 2 years in office, supporting his fellow Democrats with a kind of hidden-hand leadership, while over 90% of George W. Bush's fundraisers were open to the media in 2001 and 2002, as his popularity surged following 9/11. Popularity makes a difference in terms of where presidents raise money for their fellow party members as well. While Clinton and Barack Obama largely confined their efforts to states in which they had found electoral support, the more popular Bush headlined fundraisers for fellow Republicans in states across the political spectrum. Presidents' efforts can win them more political allies in elected office, but also expose them to criticism and may make it more difficult for presidents to work across the aisle on questions of public policy. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Doherty, BJ (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Polit Sci, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM doherty@usna.edu NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2194-6183 EI 1540-8884 J9 FORUM-J APPL RES CON JI Forum-A J. Appl. Res. Contemp. Polit. PY 2014 VL 12 IS 1 BP 81 EP 101 DI 10.1515/for-2014-0016 PG 21 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA AM9WZ UT WOS:000340233000005 ER PT J AU Natishan, PM O'Grady, WE AF Natishan, P. M. O'Grady, W. E. TI Chloride Ion Interactions with Oxide-Covered Aluminum Leading to Pitting Corrosion: A Review SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; POINT-DEFECT MODEL; ANODIC PASSIVE FILMS; NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE; STAINLESS-STEEL; LOCALIZED CORROSION; PIT INITIATION; ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; IMPLANTED ALUMINUM; BLISTER FORMATION AB Metals and alloys such as aluminum (Al), stainless steels, and nickel-based alloys exhibit corrosion resistance in a wide range of environments due to the presence of protective, passive oxides. However, in environments that contain aggressive anions such as chloride, Cl-, the passive film becomes unstable and degrades locally causing film breakdown and pitting corrosion. A number of theories describing the initiation of pitting corrosion have been postulated and discussed but to date there is no consensus on the mechanism of breakdown. Since all current mechanisms require Cl- interactions for oxide film breakdown in Cl- containing environments, the question is what is the nature of the interaction of aggressive anions such as Cl- with the passive film, adsorption and/or absorption, leading to pitting? This communication focuses on the interaction of Cl- with the passive oxide film on pure aluminum by reviewing and summarizing the available experimental data concerning Cl- interactions. It should also be noted that the observations for Cl- interactions with Al reviewed and summarized herein might not be applicable to all metals and alloys. (C) The Author(s) 2014. Published by ECS. All rights reserved. C1 [Natishan, P. M.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [O'Grady, W. E.] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Natishan, PM (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM natishan@nrl.navy.mil NR 126 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 12 U2 35 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2014 VL 161 IS 9 BP C421 EP C432 DI 10.1149/2.1011409jes PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA AM7BL UT WOS:000340019600053 ER PT B AU Hsieh, W AF Hsieh, Wayne BE Murray, W Sinnreich, RH TI The strategy of Lincoln and Grant SO SUCCESSFUL STRATEGIES: TRIUMPHING IN WAR AND PEACE FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE PRESENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Hsieh, W (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-63359-9; 978-1-107-06273-3 PY 2014 BP 189 EP 213 D2 10.1017/CBO9781107477315 PG 25 WC History SC History GA BB0CX UT WOS:000340104300008 ER PT B AU Jones, M AF Jones, Marcus BE Murray, W Sinnreich, RH TI Bismarckian strategic policy, 1871-1890 SO SUCCESSFUL STRATEGIES: TRIUMPHING IN WAR AND PEACE FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE PRESENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Jones, M (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-63359-9; 978-1-107-06273-3 PY 2014 BP 214 EP 240 D2 10.1017/CBO9781107477315 PG 27 WC History SC History GA BB0CX UT WOS:000340104300009 ER PT J AU Abdel-Hamid, T Ankel, F Battle-Fisher, M Gibson, B Gonzalez-Parra, G Jalali, M Kaipainen, K Kalupahana, N Karanfil, O Marathe, A Martinson, B McKelvey, K Sarbadhikari, SN Pintauro, S Poucheret, P Pronk, N Qian, Y Sazonov, E Van Oorschot, K Venkitasubramanian, A Murphy, P AF Abdel-Hamid, Tarek Ankel, Felix Battle-Fisher, Michele Gibson, Bryan Gonzalez-Parra, Gilberto Jalali, Mohammad Kaipainen, Kirsikka Kalupahana, Nishan Karanfil, Ozge Marathe, Achla Martinson, Brian McKelvey, Karma Sarbadhikari, Suptendra Nath Pintauro, Stephen Poucheret, Patrick Pronk, Nicolaas Qian, Ying Sazonov, Edward Van Oorschot, Kim Venkitasubramanian, Akshay Murphy, Philip TI Public and health professionals' misconceptions about the dynamics of body weight gain/loss SO SYSTEM DYNAMICS REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS THINKING INVENTORY; DECISION-MAKING; EDUCATION; OBESITY; TASK AB Human body energy storage operates as a stock-and-flow system with inflow (food intake) and outflow (energy expenditure). In spite of the ubiquity of stock-and-flow structures, evidence suggests that human beings fail to understand stock accumulation and rates of change, a difficulty called the stock-flow failure. This study examines the influence of health care training and cultural background in overcoming stock-flow failure. A standardized protocol assessed lay people's and health care professionals' ability to apply stock-and-flow reasoning to infer the dynamics of weight gain/loss during the holiday season (621 subjects from seven countries). Our results indicate that both types of subjects exhibited systematic errors indicative of use of erroneous heuristics. Indeed 76% of lay subjects and 71% of health care professionals failed to understand the simple dynamic impact of energy intake and energy expenditure on body weight. Stock-flow failure was found across cultures and was not improved by professional health training. The problem of stock-flow failure as a transcultural global issue with education and policy implications is discussed. Copyright (C) 2014 System Dynamics Society C1 [Abdel-Hamid, Tarek] Naval Postgraduate Sch, Dept Informat Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Ankel, Felix] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Emergency Dept, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Battle-Fisher, Michele] Wright State Boonshoft Sch Med, Ctr Global Hlth, Kettering, OH USA. [Gibson, Bryan] Univ Utah, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Gonzalez-Parra, Gilberto] Univ Los Andes, Dept Calculo, Merida, Venezuela. [Jalali, Mohammad] Virginia Tech, Management Syst Engn, Falls Church, VA USA. [Kaipainen, Kirsikka] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, VTT, ICT Hlth, Tampere, Finland. [Kalupahana, Nishan] Univ Tennessee, UT Obes Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. [Kalupahana, Nishan] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. [Karanfil, Ozge] MIT, Sloan Sch, Cambridge, MA USA. [Marathe, Achla] Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Martinson, Brian] Hlth Partners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [McKelvey, Karma] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Sarbadhikari, Suptendra Nath] Indian Minist Hlth & Family Welf, Ctr Hlth Informat, New Delhi, India. [Pintauro, Stephen] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Poucheret, Patrick] Univ Montpellier, Lab Pharmacol & Physiopathol Expt, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Pronk, Nicolaas] Hlth Partners Res Fdn, Bloomington, MN USA. [Qian, Ying] Shanghai Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Sazonov, Edward] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Van Oorschot, Kim] BI Norwegian Business Sch, Dept Leadership & Org, N-0442 Oslo, Norway. [Venkitasubramanian, Akshay] N Carolina State Univ, Hlth Syst Engn Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Murphy, Philip] Monterey Inst Int Studies, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. RP Poucheret, P (reprint author), UMR, Lab Pharmacol & Physiopathol Expt, 95 Qualisud,15 Ave Charles Flahault, F-34093 Montpellier, France. EM patrick.poucheret@univ-montpl.fr OI Gonzalez-Parra, Gilberto/0000-0001-5847-678X; Sazonov, Edward/0000-0001-7792-4234 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [U01 GM070694] NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0883-7066 EI 1099-1727 J9 SYST DYNAM REV JI Syst. Dyn. Rev. PD JAN-JUN PY 2014 VL 30 IS 1-2 BP 58 EP 74 DI 10.1002/sdr.1517 PG 17 WC Management; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA AM9FO UT WOS:000340186400003 PM 25620843 ER PT J AU Freeman, M AF Freeman, Michael TI A Theory of Terrorist Leadership (and its Consequences for Leadership Targeting) SO TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE Algeria; al-Qaeda; Aum shinrikyo; bin laden; decapitation; leadership targeting; Shining Path; terrorism ID COUNTERINSURGENCY; DECAPITATION; KILLINGS; CHARISMA; WORK AB States often target terrorist leaders with the belief that the leader's death or capture will cause the terrorist organization to collapse. Yet the history of this strategy of leadership targeting provides a mixed recordfor every example of effectiveness, there are similar examples of ineffectiveness. The central question of this article is: what makes a terrorist leader important? Specifically, what does a terrorist leader do that no one else can do (or do as well) for the organization? To answer this question, I develop a theory of terrorist leadership that argues that leaders might potentially perform two main functions: they can provide inspiration and/or operational direction (or not for both). I also theorize as to how and why the provision of these functions changes over time as the organization itself changes. The consequences for leadership targeting flow naturally from this theorywhen leaders provide these functions to the organization, leadership targeting is most likely to be effective. Case studies of Algeria, Peru, and Japan offer insights into why some cases of leadership targeting were effective and why others were not. The conclusion extends this model with an analysis of al-Qaeda's prospects after the death of bin Laden. C1 [Freeman, Michael] Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Anal Dept, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Freeman, M (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Anal Dept, Code DA, 589 Dyer Rd,Room 210, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. EM mefreema@nps.edu NR 108 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 16 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0954-6553 EI 1556-1836 J9 TERROR POLIT VIOLENC JI Terror. Polit. Violence PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 666 EP 687 DI 10.1080/09546553.2012.751912 PG 22 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA AN0AX UT WOS:000340244700010 ER PT J AU Bruneau, TC AF Bruneau, Thomas C. TI PANDILLAS AND SECURITY IN CENTRAL AMERICA SO LATIN AMERICAN RESEARCH REVIEW LA English DT Article AB This article introduces the topic of pandillas (street gangs) and their implications for security in Central America. There is minimal scholarly literature on pandillas and security. In part this is due to serious challenges in analyzing pandillas. First, pandilla members consider truth to be situational; data derived directly from them is suspect. Second, those who know most about them are involved in NGOs that rely on foreign assistance for their work. The project reports they produce go to funders abroad and are generally not published. Third, to research and write on pandillas is dangerous. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Bruneau, TC (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU LATIN AMER STUDIES ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 416 BELLEFIELD HALL, UNIV PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PA 15260 USA SN 0023-8791 EI 1542-4278 J9 LAT AM RES REV JI Lat. Am. Res. Rev. PY 2014 VL 49 IS 2 BP 152 EP 172 PG 21 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA AM4WQ UT WOS:000339857300008 ER PT J AU Schurtz, DR Combs, D Hoogland, C Smith, RH AF Schurtz, D. Ryan Combs, David Hoogland, Charles Smith, Richard H. BE VanDijk, WW Ouwerkerk, JW TI Schadenfreude in sports and politics: a social identity perspective SO SCHADENFREUDE: UNDERSTANDING PLEASURE AT THE MISFORTUNE OF OTHERS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IN-GROUP BIAS; TEAM IDENTIFICATION; INTERGROUP; US; AGGRESSION; BEHAVIOR; SELF; CATEGORIZATION; COMPETITION; PSYCHOLOGY C1 [Schurtz, D. Ryan] Stevenson Univ, Stevenson, MD 21153 USA. [Combs, David] US Navy, Naval Res Lab, Nashville, TN USA. [Hoogland, Charles] Univ Kentucky, Dept Psychol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Smith, Richard H.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Schurtz, DR (reprint author), Stevenson Univ, Stevenson, MD 21153 USA. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-01750-4 PY 2014 BP 170 EP 185 D2 10.1017/CBO9781139084246 PG 16 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA BA9PT UT WOS:000339685500011 ER PT S AU Townsend, TK AF Townsend, Troy K. BA Townsend, TK BF Townsend, TK TI Inorganic Metal Oxide Nanocrystal Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Generation from Water Doctoral Thesis accepted by University of California, Davis, USA Introduction SO INORGANIC METAL OXIDE NANOCRYSTAL PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR SOLAR FUEL GENERATION FROM WATER SE Springer Theses-Recognizing Outstanding PhD Research LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID CELLS; CDSE C1 [Townsend, Troy K.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Townsend, Troy K.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Townsend, TK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2190-5053 BN 978-3-319-05242-7; 978-3-319-05241-0 J9 SPRINGER THESES-RECO PY 2014 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7_1 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA BA7PO UT WOS:000337696500001 ER PT S AU Townsend, TK AF Townsend, Troy K. BA Townsend, TK BF Townsend, TK TI The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Water Reduction Photocatalysis-Improved Niobate Nanoscroll Photocatalysts for Partial Water Splitting SO INORGANIC METAL OXIDE NANOCRYSTAL PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR SOLAR FUEL GENERATION FROM WATER SE Springer Theses-Recognizing Outstanding PhD Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VISIBLE-LIGHT; NANOSHEETS; OXIDATION; CATALYSTS; K4NB6O17; EXFOLIATION; METHANOL; SIZE C1 [Townsend, Troy K.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Townsend, Troy K.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Townsend, TK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2190-5053 BN 978-3-319-05242-7; 978-3-319-05241-0 J9 SPRINGER THESES-RECO PY 2014 BP 9 EP 25 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7_2 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA BA7PO UT WOS:000337696500002 ER PT S AU Townsend, TK AF Townsend, Troy K. BA Townsend, TK BF Townsend, TK TI The Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Water Oxidation Photocatalysis-Photocatalytic Water Oxidation with Suspended alpha-Fe2O3 Particles-Effects of Nanoscaling SO INORGANIC METAL OXIDE NANOCRYSTAL PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR SOLAR FUEL GENERATION FROM WATER SE Springer Theses-Recognizing Outstanding PhD Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEMATITE THIN-FILMS; HYDROUS OXIDE SOLS; VISIBLE-LIGHT; ELECTRODES; PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY; PHOTOOXIDATION; CONDUCTION; CHEMISTRY; UV C1 [Townsend, Troy K.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Townsend, Troy K.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Townsend, TK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2190-5053 BN 978-3-319-05242-7; 978-3-319-05241-0 J9 SPRINGER THESES-RECO PY 2014 BP 27 EP 37 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7_3 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA BA7PO UT WOS:000337696500003 ER PT S AU Townsend, TK AF Townsend, Troy K. BA Townsend, TK BF Townsend, TK TI Overall Photocatalytic Water Splitting with Suspended NiO-SrTiO3 Nanocrystals SO INORGANIC METAL OXIDE NANOCRYSTAL PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR SOLAR FUEL GENERATION FROM WATER SE Springer Theses-Recognizing Outstanding PhD Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VISIBLE-LIGHT IRRADIATION; LOADED STRONTIUM-TITANATE; DOPED SRTIO3; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; LIQUID WATER; DECOMPOSITION; OXIDATION; HYDROGEN; FILMS; PHOTOELECTRODES C1 [Townsend, Troy K.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Townsend, Troy K.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Townsend, TK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2190-5053 BN 978-3-319-05242-7; 978-3-319-05241-0 J9 SPRINGER THESES-RECO PY 2014 BP 39 EP 51 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7_4 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA BA7PO UT WOS:000337696500004 ER PT S AU Townsend, TK AF Townsend, Troy K. BA Townsend, TK BF Townsend, TK TI Complete Water Splitting with Multi-Component Catalysts: Proposed Mechanism of Charge Transport in NiOx Loaded SrTiO3 Photocatalyst for Complete Water Splitting SO INORGANIC METAL OXIDE NANOCRYSTAL PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR SOLAR FUEL GENERATION FROM WATER SE Springer Theses-Recognizing Outstanding PhD Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NICKEL-OXIDE; DECOMPOSITION; HYDROGEN; LAYER; SEMICONDUCTOR; OXALATE; TIO2; O-2; H-2 C1 [Townsend, Troy K.] US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Townsend, Troy K.] CNR, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Townsend, TK (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2190-5053 BN 978-3-319-05242-7; 978-3-319-05241-0 J9 SPRINGER THESES-RECO PY 2014 BP 53 EP 66 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7_5 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-05242-7 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA BA7PO UT WOS:000337696500005 ER PT J AU Jung, Y Baik, KH Mastro, MA Hite, JK Eddy, CR Kim, J AF Jung, Younghun Baik, Kwang Hyeon Mastro, Michael A. Hite, Jennifer K. Eddy, Charles R., Jr. Kim, Jihyun TI Chemical etching behaviors of semipolar (11(2)over-bar2) and nonpolar (11(2)over-bar0) gallium nitride films SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; GAN; SURFACE; SAPPHIRE; EXTRACTION; POLAR AB Wet chemical etching using hot KOH and H3PO4 solutions was performed on semipolar (11 (2) over tilde2) and nonpolar (11 (2) over bar0) GaN films grown on sapphire substrates. An alternating KOH/H3PO4/KOH etch process was developed to control the orientation of the facets on the thin-film surface. The initial etch step in KOH produced c- and m-plane facets on the surface of both semipolar (11 (2) over bar2) and nonpolar (11 (2) over bar0) GaN thin-films. A second etch step in H3PO4 solution additionally exposed a ((1) over bar(1) over bar2 (2) over bar) plane, which is chemically stable in H3PO4 solution. By repeating the chemical etch with KOH solution, the m-plane facets as seen in the original KOH etch step were recovered. The etching methods developed in our work can be used to control the surface morphologies of nonpolar and semipolar GaN-based optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes and solar cells. C1 [Jung, Younghun; Kim, Jihyun] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Baik, Kwang Hyeon] Hongik Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jochiwon 339701, Sejong, South Korea. [Mastro, Michael A.; Hite, Jennifer K.; Eddy, Charles R., Jr.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Baik, KH (reprint author), Hongik Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jochiwon 339701, Sejong, South Korea. EM khbaik@hongik.ac.kr; hyunhyun7@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 FU LG Innotek-Korea University Nano-Photonics Program; Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials [2012-0001171]; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [2012R1A1A2042761]; Office of Naval Research FX The research at Korea University was supported by the LG Innotek-Korea University Nano-Photonics Program, the Center for Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials (No. 2012-0001171) and the Basic Science Research Program (2012R1A1A2042761) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korea government Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning. Research at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory is supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 34 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 16 IS 30 BP 15780 EP 15783 DI 10.1039/c4cp02303j PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA AM1SK UT WOS:000339628400004 PM 24971494 ER PT B AU Burnett, D Davenport, T Beckman, R AF Burnett, Douglas Davenport, Tara Beckman, Robert BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI WHY SUBMARINE CABLES? INTRODUCTION SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Burnett, Douglas] Sanders US LLP, New York Off Squire, New York, NY USA. [Burnett, Douglas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Davenport, Tara; Beckman, Robert] Ctr Int Law, Singapore, Singapore. [Davenport, Tara] Natl Univ Singapore Ocean Law & Policy, Singapore, Singapore. [Davenport, Tara] Int Boundaries Res Unit, Durham, England. [Beckman, Robert] NUS, Fac Law, Singapore, Singapore. [Beckman, Robert] Rhodes Acad Oceans Law & Policy, Summer Programme, Rhodes, Greece. [Beckman, Robert] Nanyang Technol Univ, S Rajaratnam Sch Int Studies RSIS, Maritime Secur Programme, Singapore, Singapore. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 1 EP 15 PG 15 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300003 ER PT B AU Burnett, D Davenport, T Beckman, R AF Burnett, Douglas Davenport, Tara Beckman, Robert BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGIME GOVERNING SUBMARINE CABLES SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Burnett, Douglas] Sanders US LLP, New York Off Squire, New York, NY USA. [Burnett, Douglas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Davenport, Tara; Beckman, Robert] Ctr Int Law, Singapore, Singapore. [Davenport, Tara] Natl Univ Singapore Ocean Law & Policy, Singapore, Singapore. [Davenport, Tara] Int Boundaries Res Unit, Durham, England. [Beckman, Robert] NUS, Fac Law, Singapore, Singapore. [Beckman, Robert] Rhodes Acad Oceans Law & Policy, Summer Programme, Rhodes, Greece. [Beckman, Robert] Nanyang Technol Univ, S Rajaratnam Sch Int Studies RSIS, Maritime Secur Programme, Singapore, Singapore. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 63 EP 90 PG 28 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300006 ER PT B AU Ford-Ramsden, K Burnett, D AF Ford-Ramsden, Keith Burnett, Douglas BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI SUBMARINE CABLE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ford-Ramsden, Keith] KFR Marine Ltd, Bracknell, Berks, England. [Ford-Ramsden, Keith] Cable & Wireless Marine Ltd, Chelmsford, Essex, England. [Ford-Ramsden, Keith] Global Marine Syst Ltd, Singapore, Singapore. [Ford-Ramsden, Keith] SB Submarine Syst, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Ford-Ramsden, Keith] FLAG Telecom, Hamilton, Bermuda. [Burnett, Douglas] Sanders US LLP, New York Off Squire, New York, NY USA. [Burnett, Douglas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. RP Ford-Ramsden, K (reprint author), KFR Marine Ltd, Bracknell, Berks, England. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 155 EP 177 PG 23 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300009 ER PT B AU Carter, L Burnett, D Davenport, T AF Carter, Lionel Burnett, Douglas Davenport, Tara BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBMARINE CABLES AND THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SEA-FLOOR C1 [Carter, Lionel] Victoria Univ Wellington, Antarctic Res Ctr, Wellington, New Zealand. [Burnett, Douglas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Davenport, Tara] Ctr Int Law, Singapore, Singapore. [Davenport, Tara] Natl Univ Singapore Ocean Law & Policy, Singapore, Singapore. [Davenport, Tara] Int Boundaries Res Unit, Durham, England. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 179 EP 212 PG 34 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300010 ER PT B AU Burnett, D AF Burnett, Douglas BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI OUT-OF-SERVICE SUBMARINE CABLES SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Burnett, Douglas] Sanders US LLP, New York Off Squire, New York, NY USA. [Burnett, Douglas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 213 EP 222 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300011 ER PT B AU Green, M Burnett, D AF Green, Mick Burnett, Douglas BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI PROTECTING CABLESHIPS ENGAGED IN CABLE OPERATIONS SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Green, Mick] Submarine Cable Syst, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Burnett, Douglas] Sanders US LLP, New York Off Squire, New York, NY USA. [Burnett, Douglas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 225 EP 236 PG 12 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300012 ER PT B AU Eccles, M Ferencz, J Burnett, D AF Eccles, Malcolm Ferencz, Joska Burnett, Douglas BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI SUBMARINE POWER CABLES SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Eccles, Malcolm] Basslink Grp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Eccles, Malcolm] Basslink Grp Co, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Eccles, Malcolm] City Gas Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore. [Eccles, Malcolm] Gippsland Water, Gippsland, Vic, Australia. [Burnett, Douglas] Sanders US LLP, New York Off Squire, New York, NY USA. [Burnett, Douglas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. RP Eccles, M (reprint author), Basslink Grp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 301 EP 322 PG 22 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300016 ER PT B AU Roach, JA AF Roach, J. Ashley BE Burnett, DR Beckman, RC Davenport, TM TI MILITARY CABLES SO SUBMARINE CABLES: THE HANDBOOK OF LAW AND POLICY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Roach, J. Ashley] US Navy, Washington, DC USA. [Roach, J. Ashley] US Dept State, Off Legal Adviser, Washington, DC USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARTINUS NIJHOFF PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 163, AD-3300 DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-26033-7; 978-90-04-26032-0 PY 2014 BP 339 EP 349 PG 11 WC Law SC Government & Law GA BA7BR UT WOS:000337361300018 ER PT J AU Munson, BA AF Munson, Brian A. TI A PURELY HOMOTOPY-THEORETIC PROOF OF THE BLAKERS-MASSEY THEOREM FOR n-CUBES SO HOMOLOGY HOMOTOPY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE excision; Blakers-Massey theorem; Triad connectivity theorem ID EXCISION; SPACES AB Goodwillie's proof of the Blakers-Massey Theorem for n-cubes relies on a lemma whose proof invokes transversality. The rest of his proof follows from general facts about cubes of spaces and connectivities of maps. We present a purely homotopy-theoretic proof of this lemma. The methods are elementary, using a generalization and modification of an argument originally due to Puppe used to prove the Blakers-Massey Theorem for squares. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Math, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Munson, BA (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Math, 572C Holloway Rd,Chauvenet Hall, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM munson@usna.edu FU ONR grants [N0001412WX30191, N0001413WX20992] FX The author would like to thank the referee for a careful reading and thoughtful comments that improved the exposition of this paper, and for pointing out a gap in the proof of Lemma 1.2. This work was partially supported by ONR grants N0001412WX30191 and N0001413WX20992. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PRESS BOSTON, INC PI SOMERVILLE PA PO BOX 43502, SOMERVILLE, MA 02143 USA SN 1532-0073 EI 1532-0081 J9 HOMOL HOMOTOPY APPL JI Homol. Homotopy Appl. PY 2014 VL 16 IS 1 BP 333 EP 339 DI 10.4310/HHA.2014.v16.n1.a18 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA AL1NF UT WOS:000338891400014 ER PT J AU Pogoda, TK Iverson, KM Meterko, M Baker, E Hendricks, AM Stolzmann, KL Krengel, M Charns, MP Amara, J Kimerling, R Lew, HL AF Pogoda, Terri K. Iverson, Katherine M. Meterko, Mark Baker, Errol Hendricks, Ann M. Stolzmann, Kelly L. Krengel, Maxine Charns, Martin P. Amara, Jomana Kimerling, Rachel Lew, Henry L. TI Concordance of clinician judgment of mild traumatic brain injury history with a diagnostic standard SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine guidelines; blast injuries; comprehensive traumatic brain injury evaluation; diagnosis; mild traumatic brain injury; neurobehavioral manifestations; non-blast injuries; posttraumatic stress disorder; psychological factors; Veterans ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; PERSISTENT POSTCONCUSSIVE SYMPTOMS; IRAQ; AFGHANISTAN; VETERANS; DEPLOYMENT; MILITARY; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE; CHALLENGES AB The concordance of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) clinician judgment of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) history with American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM)-based criteria was examined for Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) Veterans. In order to understand inconsistencies in agreement, we also examined the associations between evaluation outcomes and conceptually relevant patient characteristics, deployment-related events, current self-reported health symptoms, and suspected psychiatric conditions. The Veteran sample comprised 14,026 OIF/OEF VA patients with deployment-related mTBI history (n = 9,858) or no history of mTBI (n = 4,168) as defined by ACRM-based criteria. In the majority of cases (76.0%), clinician judgment was in agreement with the ACRM-based criteria. The most common inconsistency was between clinician judgment (no) and ACRM-based criteria (yes) for 21.3% of the patients. Injury etiology, current self-reported health symptoms, and suspected psychiatric conditions were additional factors associated with clinician diagnosis and ACRM-based criteria disagreement. Adherence to established diagnostic guidelines is essential for accurate determination of mTBI history and for understanding the extent to which mTBI symptoms resolve or persist over time in OIF/OEF Veterans. C1 [Pogoda, Terri K.; Meterko, Mark; Baker, Errol; Stolzmann, Kelly L.; Charns, Martin P.] Dept Vet Affairs VA Boston Hlthcare Syst, Ctr Healthcare Org & Implementat Res, Boston, MA USA. [Pogoda, Terri K.; Meterko, Mark; Hendricks, Ann M.; Charns, Martin P.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Boston, MA USA. [Iverson, Katherine M.] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Iverson, Katherine M.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Pogoda, Terri K.; Hendricks, Ann M.] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Krengel, Maxine] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Res & Dev Serv, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Krengel, Maxine] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Amara, Jomana] Naval Postgrad Sch, Def Resource Management Inst, Monterey, CA USA. [Kimerling, Rachel] VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst, Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Kimerling, Rachel] VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Care Evaluat, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Lew, Henry L.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. [Lew, Henry L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Pogoda, TK (reprint author), VA Boston Healthcare Syst, 150 S Huntington Ave 152M, Boston, MA 02130 USA. EM terri.pogoda@va.gov OI Kimerling, Rachel/0000-0003-0996-4212 FU VA Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research and Development Service [SDR 08-405]; Health Services Research and Development Service Career Development Award [CDA-2, 10-029] FX This material was based on work supported by the VA Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research and Development Service (grant SDR 08-405). Dr. Iverson's contribution was supported by a Health Services Research and Development Service Career Development Award (CDA-2; 10-029). NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 EI 1938-1352 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2014 VL 51 IS 3 BP 363 EP 375 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2013.05.0115 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA AL5KL UT WOS:000339172400005 PM 25019660 ER PT J AU Larson, GE Norman, SB AF Larson, Gerald E. Norman, Sonya B. TI Prospective prediction of functional difficulties among recently separated Veterans SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE financial problems; functional impairment; mental health; military; posttraumatic stress disorder; prospective; PTSD; reintegration; risk factors; Veterans; work functioning ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; OPERATIONS ENDURING FREEDOM; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; RISK-FACTORS; IRAQI FREEDOM; AFGHANISTAN; COMBAT; PAIN; CARE; SYMPTOMS AB Reports of functional problems are common among Veterans who served post-9/11 (more than 25% report functional difficulties in at least one domain). However, little prospective work has examined the risk and protective factors for functional difficulties among Veterans. In a sample of recently separated Marines, we used stepwise logistic and multiple regressions to identify predictors of functional impairment, including work-related problems, financial problems, unlawful behavior, activity limitations due to mental health symptoms, and perceived difficulty reintegrating into civilian life. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms assessed both before and after military separation significantly predicted functional difficulties across all domains except unlawful behavior. Certain outcomes, such as unlawful behavior and activity limitations due to mental health symptoms, were predicted by other or additional predictors. Although several forms of functioning were examined, the list was not exhaustive. The results highlight a number of areas where targeted interventions may facilitate the reintegration of military servicemembers into civilian life. C1 [Larson, Gerald E.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Norman, Sonya B.] Natl Ctr PTSD, San Diego, CA USA. [Norman, Sonya B.] Ctr Excellence Stress & Mental Hlth, Dept Vet Affairs, San Diego, CA USA. [Norman, Sonya B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Norman, SB (reprint author), VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA 92161 USA. EM snorman@ucsd.edu FU Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC [60812] FX This material was based on work supported by the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington, DC, under work unit 60812. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 EI 1938-1352 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2014 VL 51 IS 3 BP 415 EP 427 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2013.06.0135 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA AL5KL UT WOS:000339172400009 PM 25019664 ER PT S AU Ghavamian, P Schwartz, SJ Mitchell, J Masters, A Laming, JM AF Ghavamian, Parviz Schwartz, Steven J. Mitchell, Jeremy Masters, Adam Laming, J. Martin BE Balogh, A Bykov, A Cargill, P Dendy, R DeWit, TD Raymond, J TI Electron-Ion Temperature Equilibration in Collisionless Shocks: The Supernova Remnant-Solar Wind Connection SO MICROPHYSICS OF COSMIC PLASMAS SE Space Science Series of ISSI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Collisionless shocks; Supernova remnants; Solar wind; Cosmic ray acceleration ID COSMIC-RAY ACCELERATION; BALMER-DOMINATED SHOCKS; MAGNETIC-FIELD AMPLIFICATION; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; QUASI-PERPENDICULAR SHOCKS; SNR RX J1713.7-3946; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; MACH NUMBER; HIGH-ENERGY AB Collisionless shocks are loosely defined as shocks where the transition between pre-and post-shock states happens on a length scale much shorter than the collisional mean free path. In the absence of collision to enforce thermal equilibrium post-shock, electrons and ions need not have the same temperatures. While the acceleration of electrons for injection into shock acceleration processes to produce cosmic rays has received considerable attention, the related problem of the shock heating of quasi-thermal electrons has been relatively neglected. In this paper we review the state of our knowledge of electron heating in astrophysical shocks, mainly associated with supernova remnants (SNRs), shocks in the solar wind associated with the terrestrial and Saturnian bowshocks, and galaxy cluster shocks. The solar wind and SNR samples indicate that the ratio of electron temperature, (T-e) to ion temperature (T-p) declining with increasing shock speed or Alfven Mach number. We discuss the extent to which such behavior can be understood on the basis of waves generated by cosmic rays in a shock precursor, which then subsequently damp by heating electrons, and speculate that a similar explanation may work for both solar wind and SNR shocks. C1 [Ghavamian, Parviz] Towson Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Geosci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Schwartz, Steven J.; Mitchell, Jeremy] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London, England. [Masters, Adam] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Laming, J. Martin] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ghavamian, P (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Geosci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. EM pghavamian@towson.edu; s.schwartz@imperial.ac.uk; j.mitchell@imperial.ac.uk; a.masters@stp.isas.jaxa.jp; j.laming@nrl.navy.mil NR 118 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-7525 BN 978-1-4899-7413-6; 978-1-4899-7412-9 J9 SPACE SCI SER ISSI PY 2014 VL 47 BP 557 EP 587 DI 10.1007/978-1-4899-7413-6_20 D2 10.1007/978-1-4899-7413-6 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BA7CJ UT WOS:000337403300020 ER PT S AU Cheek, GT AF Cheek, Graham T. BE Kulesza, PJ TI Studies of Adiponitrile as an Electrochemical Solvent SO PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL ELECTROCHEMISTRY (GENERAL) - 224TH ECS MEETING SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium of the Physical-and-Analytical-Electrochemistry-Division General Session held during the 224th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society (ECS) CY OCT 27-NOV 01, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div ID FLUORENONE COMPLEXATION; LEWIS-ACIDS; ELECTROLYTES AB The usefulness of adiponitrile (ADN) as a solvent for electrochemical studies has been investigated using several solutes. In the present work, tetraethylammonium tetrafluorborate (TEABF(4)) has been used as supporting electrolyte. Ferrocene undergoes reversible redox behavior in ADN/TEABF(4), and the peak potential separation decreases markedly with increasing TEABF(4) concentration. The ketone 9-fluorenone undergoes two successive one-electron redox processes; however, the second process is not completely reversible at 100 mV/s in ADN. This behavior can be explained by the effect of a proton transfer between the fluorenone dianion and ADN. This proton transfer is not as extensive in acetonitrile, suggesting that intramolecular interactions in the ADN anion enhance the acidity of ADN. C1 US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Cheek, GT (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-534-0 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 58 IS 46 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1149/05846.0045ecst PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA BA9DQ UT WOS:000339273100005 ER PT J AU Lee, M Lambrakos, SG Yapijakis, C Huang, L Ramsey, S Shabaev, A Massa, L Peak, J AF Lee, M. Lambrakos, S. G. Yapijakis, C. Huang, L. Ramsey, S. Shabaev, A. Massa, L. Peak, J. TI Issues concerning spectral analysis of water samples for monitoring and treatment of public water resources SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE absorption spectra; contaminants; spectral analysis; water monitoring ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY AB Experimental measurements conducted in the laboratory, involving hyperspectral analysis of water samples taken from public water resources, have motivated a re-evaluation of issues concerning the potential application of this type of analysis for water monitoring, treatment and evaluation prior to filtration. One issue concerns hyperspectral monitoring of contaminants with respect to types and relative concentrations. This implies a need to better understand the statistical profiles of water contaminants in terms of spatial-temporal distributions of electromagnetic absorption spectra ranging from the ultraviolet to infrared, which are associated with specific water resources. This issue also implies the need to establish correlations between hyperspectral signatures and types of contaminants to be found within specific water resources. Another issue concerns the use of absorption spectra to determine changes in chemical and physical characteristics of contaminants after application of water treatments, in order to determine levels of toxicity with respect to the environment. This paper presents a prototype spectral analysis showing various aspects relevant to water monitoring and discusses the use of basic theory for the interpretation of spectral features associated with water contaminants, as well as discussing inverse analysis of hyperspectral measurements. C1 [Lee, M.; Ramsey, S.; Peak, J.] Naval Res Lab, Signature Technol Off, Washington, DC USA. [Lambrakos, S. G.; Huang, L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Yapijakis, C.] Cooper Union Adv Sci & Art, Albert Nerkin Sch Engn, New York, NY USA. [Shabaev, A.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Massa, L.] CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Lambrakos, SG (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM samuel.lambrakos@nrl.navy.mil FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program FX Funding for this project was provided by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratory's Basic Research Program. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0273-1223 EI 1996-9732 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 69 IS 11 BP 2364 EP 2371 DI 10.2166/wst.2014.166 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AL2YK UT WOS:000338991400024 PM 24901633 ER PT S AU Anderson, TJ Hobart, KD Tadjer, MJ Koehler, AD Feygelson, TI Pate, BB Hite, JK Kub, FJ Eddy, CR AF Anderson, T. J. Hobart, K. D. Tadjer, M. J. Koehler, A. D. Feygelson, T. I. Pate, B. B. Hite, J. K. Kub, F. J. Eddy, C. R., Jr. BE Ren, F Wang, YL Jang, S Pearton, SJ Stokes, EB Kim, J TI Nanocrystalline Diamond for Near Junction Heat Spreading in GaN Power HEMTs SO WIDE BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS AND DEVICES 15 SE ECS Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices 15 Held during the 225th Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society CY MAY 11-15, 2014 CL Orlando, FL SP Electrochem Soc, Elect & Photon Div, Sensor Div AB Reduced performance in Gallium Nitride (GaN)-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) as a result of self-heating has been well-documented. A new approach, termed "gate after diamond," is shown to improve the thermal budget of the deposition process and enable large-area diamond in a reliable and scalable way without degrading the gate metal. This work will highlight initial assessments of top-side diamond integration in GaN HEMTs as well as development efforts on back-side diamond coatings and diamond contacts for further improvements to the thermal management scheme. C1 [Anderson, T. J.; Hobart, K. D.; Tadjer, M. J.; Koehler, A. D.; Feygelson, T. I.; Pate, B. B.; Hite, J. K.; Kub, F. J.; Eddy, C. R., Jr.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Anderson, TJ (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RI Pate, Bradford/B-4752-2010; Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Pate, Bradford/0000-0002-3288-2947; Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA SN 1938-5862 BN 978-1-60768-519-7 J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS PY 2014 VL 61 IS 4 BP 45 EP 49 DI 10.1149/06104.0045ecst PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA BA8VR UT WOS:000338846600007 ER PT J AU Rose, PS AF Rose, Paula S. TI Comment on "Radioactive fallout in the United States due to the Fukushima nuclear plant accident" by P. Thakur, S. Ballard and R. Nelson, J-Environ. Monit., 2012, 14, 1317-1324 SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID MEDICALLY-DERIVED I-131; NEW-YORK-STATE AB The May 2012 paper "Radioactive fallout in the United States due to the Fukushima nuclear plant accident" (P. Thakur, S. Ballard and R. Nelson, J. Environ. Monit., 2012, 14, 1317-1324), does not address medical patient excreta as a source of I-131 (t(1/2) = 8.04 d) to the environment. While I-131 is generated during fission reactions and may be released to the environment from nuclear power plants, nuclear weapons tests, nuclear fuel reprocessing and weapons production facilities, it is also produced for medical use. Iodine-131 administered to patients, excreted and discharged to sewer systems is readily measureable in sewage and the environment; the patient-to-sewage pathway is the only source of I-131 in many locations. C1 [Rose, Paula S.] US Naval Res Lab, Natl Res Council Postdoctoral Fellow, Washington, DC USA. RP Rose, PS (reprint author), Texas T&M Univ Corpus Christi, Coll Sci & Engn, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. EM paula.rose@tamucc.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PY 2014 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1809 EP 1811 DI 10.1039/c4em00049h PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK7WF UT WOS:000338637700028 PM 24816906 ER PT J AU Matt, S Fujimura, A Soloviev, A Rhee, SH Romeiser, R AF Matt, S. Fujimura, A. Soloviev, A. Rhee, S. H. Romeiser, R. TI Fine-scale features on the sea surface in SAR satellite imagery - Part 2: Numerical modeling SO OCEAN SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BACKSCATTERING CROSS-SECTION; SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; INTERNAL WAVES; OCEAN SURFACE; SHIP WAKES; WIND-STRESS; FAR WAKES; SUPPRESSION; SIGNATURES; FRONT AB With the advent of the new generation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellites, it has become possible to resolve fine-scale features on the sea surface on the scale of meters. The proper identification of sea surface signatures in SAR imagery can be challenging, since some features may be due to atmospheric distortions (gravity waves, squall lines) or anthropogenic influences (slicks), and may not be related to dynamic processes in the upper ocean. In order to improve our understanding of the nature of fine-scale features on the sea surface and their signature in SAR, we have conducted high-resolution numerical simulations combining a three-dimensional non-hydrostatic computational fluid dynamics model with a radar imaging model. The surface velocity field from the hydrodynamic model is used as input to the radar imaging model. The combined approach reproduces the sea surface signatures in SAR of ship wakes, low-density plumes, and internal waves in a stratified environment. The numerical results are consistent with observations reported in a companion paper on in situ measurements during SAR satellite overpasses. Ocean surface and internal waves are also known to produce a measurable signal in the ocean magnetic field. This paper explores the use of computational fluid dynamics to investigate the magnetic signatures of oceanic processes. This potentially provides a link between SAR signatures of transient ocean dynamics and magnetic field fluctuations in the ocean. We suggest that combining SAR imagery with data from ocean magnetometers may be useful as an additional maritime sensing method. The new approach presented in this work can be extended to other dynamic processes in the upper ocean, including fronts and eddies, and can be a valuable tool for the interpretation of SAR images of the ocean surface. C1 [Matt, S.; Soloviev, A.] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL USA. [Fujimura, A.; Soloviev, A.; Romeiser, R.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Rhee, S. H.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Naval Architecture & Ocean Engn, Seoul, South Korea. RP Matt, S (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, NRC Res Associate, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. EM silvia.matt.ctr@nrlssc.navy.mil RI Rhee, Shin Hyung/F-4292-2010 OI Rhee, Shin Hyung/0000-0002-2791-5812 FU "Hydrodynamics and Remote Sensing of Far Wakes of Ships" at NSUOC; ONR Award [N00014-10-1-0938]; Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Consortium for Advanced Research on the Transport of Hydrocarbons in the Environment FX This work was supported by the project "Hydrodynamics and Remote Sensing of Far Wakes of Ships" at NSUOC, by ONR Award N00014-10-1-0938 "Characterization of Impact of Oceanographic Features on the Electromagnetic Fields in Coastal Waters", and by the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Consortium for Advanced Research on the Transport of Hydrocarbons in the Environment. We are grateful to Richard Dodge (NSUOC) and Will Avera (NRLSSC) for helpful discussions of the problem. We thank Mikhail Gilman for help with programming user-defined functions for CFD. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1812-0784 J9 OCEAN SCI JI Ocean Sci. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 427 EP 438 DI 10.5194/os-10-427-2014 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA AK8BI UT WOS:000338651700009 ER PT J AU Baranowski, DB Flatau, PJ Chen, S Black, PG AF Baranowski, D. B. Flatau, P. J. Chen, S. Black, P. G. TI Upper ocean response to the passage of two sequential typhoons SO OCEAN SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; HURRICANE; SEA; TEMPERATURE; INTENSIFICATION; VARIABILITY; MODEL; FIELD; EDDY AB The atmospheric wind stress forcing and the oceanic response are examined for the period between 15 September 2008 and 6 October 2008, during which two typhoons - Hagupit and Jangmi - passed through the same region of the western Pacific at Saffir-Simpson intensity categories one and three, respectively. A three-dimensional oceanic mixed layer model is compared against the remote sensing observations as well as high-repetition Argo float data. Numerical model simulations suggested that magnitude of the cooling caused by the second typhoon, Jangmi, would have been significantly larger if the ocean had not already been influenced by the first typhoon, Hagupit. It is estimated that the temperature anomaly behind Jangmi would have been about 0.4 degrees C larger in both cold wake and left side of the track. The numerical simulations suggest that the magnitude and position of Jangmi's cold wake depends on the precursor state of the ocean as well as lag between typhoons. Based on sensitivity experiments we show that temperature anomaly difference between "single typhoon" and "two typhoons" as well as magnitude of the cooling strongly depends on the distance between them. The amount of kinetic energy and coupling with inertial oscillations are important factors for determining magnitude of the temperature anomaly behind moving typhoons. This paper indicates that studies of ocean-atmosphere tropical cyclone interaction will benefit from denser, high-repetition Argo float measurements. C1 [Baranowski, D. B.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Geophys, Warsaw, Poland. [Flatau, P. J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Chen, S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA. [Black, P. G.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Monterey, CA USA. RP Baranowski, DB (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Geophys, Warsaw, Poland. EM dabar@igf.fuw.edu.pl RI Flatau, Piotr/E-2219-2011 FU Naval Research Laboratory [0601153N]; ONR grant [N00014-10-1-0898]; ONR Global NICOP; N62909-11-1-7061 FX This research was sponsored by the Naval Research Laboratory under Program Element 0601153N. D. B. Baranowski was supported by the ONR grant (award number N00014-10-1-0898) and ONR Global NICOP (award number N62909-11-1-7061). The Japan Meteorological Agency best track data can be found at http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/besttrack.htm l. We would like to thank Dean Roemmich and John Gilson for providing gridded Argo data used here for deriving climatology as well as answering many questions on Argo data as well as their hospitality during D. B. Baranowski's stays at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. D. B. Baranowski would like to extend his gratitude to Hiroyuki Yamada for his help during the R/V Mirai cruise in summer of 2010 and hands-on experience with the high-repetition Argo floats. John Knaff and Mark deMaria provided us with CIRA wind data. We would like to thank Jim Price for providing the 3DPWD code, and James Ridout and Jerome Schmidt for proofreading this paper. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1812-0784 J9 OCEAN SCI JI Ocean Sci. PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 559 EP 570 DI 10.5194/os-10-559-2014 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA AK8BI UT WOS:000338651700018 ER PT J AU Toth, TD Zhang, J Campbell, JR Hyer, EJ Reid, JS Shi, Y Westphal, DL AF Toth, T. D. Zhang, J. Campbell, J. R. Hyer, E. J. Reid, J. S. Shi, Y. Westphal, D. L. TI Impact of data quality and surface-to-column representativeness on the PM2.5/satellite AOD relationship for the contiguous United States SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; GROUND-LEVEL PM2.5; IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MISR; CONDENSATION NUCLEUS ACTIVITY; NORTHEAST ATLANTIC-OCEAN; AIR-QUALITY; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; PARTICULATE MATTER; DATA ASSIMILATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING AB Satellite-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD) observations have been used to estimate particulate matter smaller than 2.5 mu m (PM2.5). However, such a relationship could be affected by the representativeness of satellite-derived AOD to surface aerosol particle mass concentration and satellite AOD data quality. Using purely measurement-based methods, we have explored the impacts of data quality and representativeness on the AOD-inferred PM2.5 / AOD relationship for the contiguous United States (CONUS). This is done through temporally and spatially collocated data sets of PM2.5 and AOD retrievals from Aqua/Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP). These analyses show that improving data quality of satellite AOD, such as done with data assimilation-grade retrievals, increases their correlation with PM2.5. However, overall correlation is relatively low across the CONUS. Also, integrated extinction observed within 500 m above ground level (a.g.l.), as measured by CALIOP, is not well representative of the total column AOD. Surface aerosol in the eastern CONUS is better correlated with total column AOD than in the western CONUS. The best correlation values are found for estimated dry mass CALIOP extinction at 200-300 m a.g.l. and PM2.5, but additional work is needed to address the ability of using actively sensed AOD as a proxy for PM2.5 concentrations. C1 [Toth, T. D.; Zhang, J.; Shi, Y.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Campbell, J. R.; Hyer, E. J.; Reid, J. S.; Westphal, D. L.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Aerosol & Radiat Sci Sect, Monterey, CA USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Dept Atmospher Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. EM jzhang@atmos.und.edu RI Campbell, James/C-4884-2012; Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014 OI Campbell, James/0000-0003-0251-4550; Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955 FU Office of Naval Research [322]; NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program; NASA [NNG13HH10I]; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NESSF) Program FX This research was funded through the support of the Office of Naval Research Code 322 and the NASA Interdisciplinary Science Program. J. R. Campbell acknowledges the support of NASA Interagency Agreement NNG13HH10I on behalf of the Micropulse Lidar Network and NASA Radiation Sciences Program. Author Y. Shi acknowledges the support of the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NESSF) Program. We thank Mark Vaughan for his suggestions in improving this work. CALIPSO and MISR data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center. MODIS data were obtained from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The DA-quality MODIS data were obtained from the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) server. The PM2.5 data were obtained from the EPA AQS site. We acknowledge the AERONET program, and the contributing principal investigators and their staff, for coordinating the sites and data used for this investigation. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 24 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 12 BP 6049 EP 6062 DI 10.5194/acp-14-6049-2014 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AK5BH UT WOS:000338438300012 ER PT J AU Dahlkotter, F Gysel, M Sauer, D Minikin, A Baumann, R Seifert, P Ansmann, A Fromm, M Voigt, C Weinzierl, B AF Dahlkoetter, F. Gysel, M. Sauer, D. Minikin, A. Baumann, R. Seifert, P. Ansmann, A. Fromm, M. Voigt, C. Weinzierl, B. TI The Pagami Creek smoke plume after long-range transport to the upper troposphere over Europe - aerosol properties and black carbon mixing state SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE SOOT PHOTOMETER; LASER-INDUCED INCANDESCENCE; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; FOREST-FIRE PLUMES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; LIDAR OBSERVATIONS AB During the CONCERT 2011 field experiment with the DLR research aircraft Falcon, an enhanced aerosol layer with particle linear depolarization ratios of 6-8% at 532 nm was observed at altitudes above 10 km over northeast Germany on 16 September 2011. Dispersion simulations with HYSPILT suggest that the elevated aerosol layer originated from the Pagami Creek forest fire in Minnesota, USA, which caused pyro-convective uplift of particles and gases. The 3-4 day-old smoke plume had high total refractory black carbon (rBC) mass concentrations of 0.03-0.35 mu g m(-3) at standard temperature and pressure (STP) with rBC mass equivalent diameter predominantly smaller than 130 nm. Assuming a core-shell particle structure, the BC cores exhibit very thick (median: 105-136 nm) BC-free coatings. A large fraction of the BC-containing particles disintegrated into a BC-free fragment and a BC fragment while passing through the laser beam of the Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2). In this study, the disintegration is a result of very thick coatings around the BC cores. This is in contrast to a previous study in a forest-fire plume, where it was hypothesized to be a result of BC cores being attached to a BC-free particle. For the high-altitude forest-fire aerosol layer observed in this study, increased mass specific light-absorption cross sections of BC can be expected due to the very thick coatings around the BC cores, while this would not be the case for the attached-type morphology. We estimate the BC mass import from the Pagami Creek forest fire into the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) region (best estimate: 25 Mg rBC). A comparison to black carbon emission rates from aviation underlines the importance of pyro-convection on the BC load in the UTLS region. Our study provides detailed information on the microphysics and the mixing state of BC in the forest-fire aerosol layer in the upper troposphere that can be used to better understand and investigate the radiative impact of such upper tropospheric aerosol layers. C1 [Dahlkoetter, F.; Sauer, D.; Minikin, A.; Baumann, R.; Voigt, C.; Weinzierl, B.] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Phys Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. [Gysel, M.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, Villigen, Switzerland. [Sauer, D.; Weinzierl, B.] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, D-80539 Munich, Germany. [Seifert, P.; Ansmann, A.] Leibniz Inst Tropospharenforsch, Leipzig, Germany. [Fromm, M.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Voigt, C.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys Atmosphare, D-55122 Mainz, Germany. RP Weinzierl, B (reprint author), Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Phys Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. EM bernadett.weinzierl@dlr.de RI Gysel, Martin/C-3843-2008; Voigt, Christiane/G-3279-2010; Seifert, Patric/D-2448-2014; Sauer, Daniel/A-3033-2012; Weinzierl, Bernadett/G-5319-2012; OI Gysel, Martin/0000-0002-7453-1264; Seifert, Patric/0000-0002-5626-3761; Sauer, Daniel/0000-0002-0317-5063; Weinzierl, Bernadett/0000-0003-4555-5686; Minikin, Andreas/0000-0003-0999-4657 FU Helmholtz Association [VH-NG-606, VH-NG-309]; ERC [615922-BLACARAT] FX This work was funded by the Helmholtz Association under grant number VH-NG-606 (Helmholtz-Hochschul-Nachwuchsforschergruppe AerCARE). M. Gysel was funded by the ERC under grant 615922-BLACARAT. C. Voigt thanks funding by the Helmholtz Association under grant number VH-NG-309. The field experiment was performed within the DLR project CATS. The authors gratefully acknowledge the NASA/GSFC Rapid Response team for the generation of the MODIS picture, NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY website (http://ready.arl.noaa.gov) used in this publication, the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center for providing CALIPSO data, Ether CNES/CNRS-INSU Ether website, http://www.pole-ether.fr for providing the IASI CO information and KNMI for providing the data of the GOME-2 Absorbing Aerosol Index in the framework of the EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Ozone and Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring (O3M SAF). NR 91 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 7 U2 46 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 12 BP 6111 EP 6137 DI 10.5194/acp-14-6111-2014 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AK5BH UT WOS:000338438300017 ER PT J AU Long, SA Dorsey, WM Huff, GH Brennan, N Rupp, B Bevan, MA AF Long, S. Andrew Dorsey, W. Mark Huff, Gregory H. Brennan, Nicholas Rupp, Bradley Bevan, Michael A. TI Fluidic-Enabled Reconfigurable Patch With Integrated Dielectric Spectrometer SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Dielectric measurements; microstrip antennas; multifrequency antennas; reconfigurable antennas ID MICROSTRIP ANTENNA AB A frequency-agile antenna design is proposed that uses a fluidic-enabled reconfigurable reactive loading mechanism. The tuning mechanism offers the ability to change the capacitance of an electrically short, hollow coaxial line that is filled with a low-loss dielectric fluid. The frequency response of the antenna can be tuned by altering the material properties of the fluid contained within the coaxial line-and subsequently changing the loading capacitance. This letter presents design details and measured results. C1 [Long, S. Andrew; Dorsey, W. Mark] US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Huff, Gregory H.; Brennan, Nicholas] Texas A&M Univ, Electromagnet & Microwave Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Rupp, Bradley; Bevan, Michael A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Long, SA (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM wmdorsey@vt.edu; prof.ghuff@gmail.com; mabevan@jhu.edu OI Huff, Gregory/0000-0002-7226-1723 FU Office of Naval Research FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1225 EI 1548-5757 J9 IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR JI IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. PY 2014 VL 13 BP 1116 EP 1119 DI 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2330425 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA AK3WK UT WOS:000338355700003 ER EF