FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Scudder, JM Ellison, SL Momjian, E Rosenberg, JL Torrey, P Patton, DR Fertig, D Mendel, JT AF Scudder, Jillian M. Ellison, Sara L. Momjian, Emmanuel Rosenberg, Jessica L. Torrey, Paul Patton, David R. Fertig, Derek Mendel, J. Trevor TI Galaxy pairs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey - X. Does gas content alter star formation rate enhancement in galaxy interactions? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: interactions; galaxies: starburst; galaxies: star formation; radio lines: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; FAST ALPHA SURVEY; MERGING DISK GALAXIES; MASSIVE GALAXIES; METALLICITY EVOLUTION; FORMATION EFFICIENCY; NGC-2782 ARP-215; MERGER GALAXIES; MAJOR MERGERS; MINOR MERGERS AB New spectral line observations, obtained with the Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), of a sample of 34 galaxies in 17 close pairs are presented in this paper. The sample of galaxy pairs is selected to contain galaxies in close, major interactions (i.e. projected separations <30 h(70)(-1) kpc, and mass ratios less extreme than 4: 1), while still having a sufficiently large angular separation that the VLA can spatially resolve both galaxies in the pair. Of the 34 galaxies, 17 are detected at > 3 sigma. We compare the H I gas fraction of the galaxies with the triggered star formation present in that galaxy. When compared to the star formation rates (SFRs) of non-pair galaxies matched in mass, redshift, and local environment, we find that the star formation enhancement is weakly positively correlated (similar to 2.5 sigma) with HI gas fraction. In order to help understand the physical mechanisms driving this weak correlation, we also present results from a small suite of binary galaxy merger simulations with varying gas fractions. The simulated galaxies indicate that larger initial gas fractions are associated with lower levels of interaction-triggered star formation (relative to an identical galaxy in isolation), but also show that high gas fraction galaxies have higher absolute SFRs prior to an interaction. We show that when interaction-driven SFR enhancements are calculated relative to a galaxy with an average gas fraction for its stellar mass, the relationship between SFR and initial gas fraction dominates over the SFR enhancements driven by the interaction. Simulated galaxy interactions that are matched in stellar mass but not in gas fraction, like our VLA sample, yield the same general positive correlation between SFR enhancement and gas fraction that we observe. C1 [Scudder, Jillian M.; Ellison, Sara L.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Scudder, Jillian M.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Ctr, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Momjian, Emmanuel] NRAO, Domenici Sci Operat Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Rosenberg, Jessica L.; Fertig, Derek] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Torrey, Paul] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Torrey, Paul] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Patton, David R.] Trent Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Mendel, J. Trevor] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Scudder, JM (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. EM j.scudder@sussex.ac.uk OI Scudder, Jillian/0000-0002-8798-3972; Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786 FU NSERC; NSF [AST-000167932]; George Mason University Presidential Fellowship; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX SLE and DRP acknowledge the receipt of an NSERC Discovery grant which funded this research. DF and JLR acknowledge NSF grant AST-000167932 and George Mason University Presidential Fellowship for support of this work.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 4 BP 3719 EP 3740 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv588 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2VE UT WOS:000355342000034 ER PT J AU D'Ai, A Di Salvo, T Iaria, R Garcia, JA Sanna, A Pintore, F Riggio, A Burderi, L Bozzo, E Dauser, T Matranga, M Galiano, CG Robba, NR AF D'Ai, A. Di Salvo, T. Iaria, R. Garcia, J. A. Sanna, A. Pintore, F. Riggio, A. Burderi, L. Bozzo, E. Dauser, T. Matranga, M. Galiano, C. G. Robba, N. R. TI GRO J1744-28: an intermediate B-field pulsar in a low-mass X-ray binary SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE line: formation; line: identification; stars: individual: GRO J1744-28; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general ID ACCRETING MILLISECOND PULSAR; BURSTING PULSAR; NEUTRON-STAR; XMM-NEWTON; IGR J17480-2446; MAGNETIC-FIELD; BLACK-HOLE; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; BULK COMPTONIZATION; TIMING-EXPLORER AB The bursting pulsar, GRO J1744-28, went again in outburst after similar to 18 yr of quiescence in 2014 mid-January. We studied the broad-band, persistent, X-ray spectrum using X-ray data from a XMM-Newton observation, performed almost at the peak of the outburst, and from a close INTEGRAL observation, performed 3 d later, thus covering the 1.3-70.0 keV band. The spectrum shows a complex continuum shape that cannot be modelled with standard high-mass X-ray pulsar models, nor by two-components models. We observe broad-band and peaked residuals from 4 to 15 keV, and we propose a self-consistent interpretation of these residuals, assuming they are produced by cyclotron absorption features and by a moderately smeared, highly ionized, reflection component. We identify the cyclotron fundamental at similar to 4.7 keV, with hints for two possible harmonics at similar to 10.4 and similar to 15.8 keV. The position of the cyclotron fundamental allows an estimate for the pulsar magnetic field of (5.27 +/- 0.06) x 10(11) G, if the feature is produced at its surface. From the dynamical and relativistic smearing of the disc reflected component, we obtain a lower limit estimate for the truncated accretion disc inner radius (greater than or similar to 100 R-g) and for the inclination angle (18 degrees-48 degrees). We also detect the presence of a softer thermal component that we associate with the emission from an accretion disc truncated at a distance from the pulsar of 50-115 R-g. From these estimates, we derive the magnetospheric radius for disc accretion to be similar to 0.2 times the classical Alfven radius for radial accretion. C1 [D'Ai, A.; Sanna, A.; Pintore, F.; Riggio, A.; Burderi, L.] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy. [Di Salvo, T.; Iaria, R.; Matranga, M.; Galiano, C. G.; Robba, N. R.] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Fis & Chim, I-90123 Palermo, Italy. [Garcia, J. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bozzo, E.] ISDC Data Ctr Astrophys, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Dauser, T.] Dr Karl Remeis Observ, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Dauser, T.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. RP D'Ai, A (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, SP Monserrato Sestu KM 0-7, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy. EM antonino.dai@dsf.unica.it RI Iaria, Rosario/F-2520-2012; Di Salvo, Tiziana/F-3973-2012; Riggio, Alessandro/D-3174-2012; OI Iaria, Rosario/0000-0003-2882-0927; Di Salvo, Tiziana/0000-0002-3220-6375; Burderi, Luciano/0000-0001-5458-891X; Riggio, Alessandro/0000-0002-6145-9224; Sanna, Andrea/0000-0002-0118-2649 FU Fondo Finalizzato alla Ricerca (FFR) [2012-ATE-0390]; Sardinia Regional Government FX The High-Energy Astrophysics Group of Palermo acknowledges support from the Fondo Finalizzato alla Ricerca (FFR) 2012/13, project no. 2012-ATE-0390, founded by the University of Palermo.; AR gratefully acknowledges the Sardinia Regional Government for the financial support (P. O. R. Sardegna F.S.E. Operational Programme of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, European Social Fund 2007-2013 - Axis IV Human Resources, Objective l.3, Line of Activity l.3.1). NR 66 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 4 BP 4288 EP 4303 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv531 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2VE UT WOS:000355342000070 ER PT J AU Tokovinin, A Latham, DW Mason, BD AF Tokovinin, Andrei Latham, David W. Mason, Brian D. TI THE UNUSUAL QUADRUPLE SYSTEM HD 91962 WITH A "PLANETARY" ARCHITECTURE SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general ID SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; MULTIPLE STARS; PHOTOMETRY; COMPONENTS; EVOLUTION; BINARIES; SOAR AB The young nearby solar-type star HD 91962 is a rare quadruple system where three companions revolve around the main component with periods of 170.3 days, 8.85 years, and 205 years. The two outer orbits are nearly co-planar, and all orbits have small eccentricities. We refine the visual orbit of the outer pair and determine the combined spectro-interferometric orbit of the middle 8.8 year pair and the spectroscopic orbit of the inner binary. The middle and inner orbits are likely locked in a 1: 19 resonance, and the ratio of the outer and middle periods is similar to 23. The masses of all components are estimated (inside-out: 1.14, 0.32, 0.64, 0.64 solar mass). The dynamical parallax is 27.4 +/- 0.6 mas. We speculate that this multiple system originated from collapse of an isolated core and that the companions migrated in a dissipative disk. Other multiple systems with similar features (co-planarity, small eccentricity, and period ratio around 20) are known. C1 [Tokovinin, Andrei] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Inter Amer Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Latham, David W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mason, Brian D.] US Naval Observ, Washington, DC 20392 USA. RP Tokovinin, A (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Inter Amer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. EM atokovinin@ctio.noao.edu; dlatham@cfa.harvard.edu; bdm@usno.navy.mil OI Tokovinin, Andrei/0000-0002-2084-0782; Latham, David/0000-0001-9911-7388 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 149 IS 6 AR 195 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/6/195 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ1NN UT WOS:000355250400018 ER PT J AU Bader, E Jung, K Kalko, EKV Page, RA Rodriguez, R Sattler, T AF Bader, Elias Jung, Kirsten Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Page, Rachel A. Rodriguez, Raul Sattler, Thomas TI Mobility explains the response of aerial insectivorous bats to anthropogenic habitat change in the Neotropics SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Panama; Vulnerability; Wing morphology; Acoustic monitoring; Occupancy; Detectability ID EXTINCTION RISK; AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; ACOUSTIC IDENTIFICATION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ECHOLOCATION CALLS; FOREST FRAGMENTS; LAND-USE; URBANIZATION; CHIROPTERA; LANDSCAPE AB Habitat loss due to anthropogenic activities is a critical threat to biodiversity. Understanding which factors determine species persistence in degraded environments is essential for conservation management. Here, we investigated how aerial insectivorous bats in the Neotropics, an ecologically important, but understudied group of vertebrates, are affected by deforestation and urbanization. We conducted a standardized acoustic survey in four habitat types in 14 areas across Panama (500 km x 260 km), a scale hitherto unprecedented for the Neotropics, and assessed occupancy in 13 aerial insectivorous bat species, accounting for species- and habitat-specific detectability. In addition, we used wing measures to derive a proxy for flight efficiency and flight speed, as an indication of species-specific mobility. Results show that detectability does not only vary strongly among species but also, within a species, depending on the habitat: for nine species intra-specific detectability varied >10%. Model estimates for occupancy revealed that aerial insectivorous bats are highly heterogeneous in their response to deforestation and urbanization. Canopy height and canopy cover predicted occupancy best for most species. Relating occupancy to mobility we found that less mobile species with broad wings (high wing loading and low aspect ratio) decrease occupancy in deforested and urban areas, while more mobile species with narrow wings increase in these habitats. We suggest that this pattern applies also to species not analyzed in this study. Our study exemplifies how morphological information can help define conservation priorities when information on occurrence and distribution is limited. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bader, Elias] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bader, Elias; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Page, Rachel A.; Rodriguez, Raul; Sattler, Thomas] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Sattler, Thomas] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Rodriguez, Raul] Univ Ind Santander, Lab Ecol, Bucaramanga, Colombia. RP Bader, E (reprint author), Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM ebader@gmx.ch; kirsten.jung@uni-ulm.de; pager@si.edu; rrodriguezuis@gmail.com; thomas.sattler@vogelwarte.ch FU Swiss Academy of Natural Sciences SCNAT; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) FX Swiss Academy of Natural Sciences SCNAT: Funding of travel expenses.; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF): Research project of last author, in which this study was included. NR 79 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 11 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 186 BP 97 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.02.028 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI8ZX UT WOS:000355061300012 ER PT J AU Wang, F McShea, WJ Wang, DJ Li, S AF Wang, Fang McShea, William J. Wang, Dajun Li, Sheng TI Shared resources between giant panda and sympatric wild and domestic mammals SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Species co-occurrence; Inter-species interaction; Grazing control; Camera-trapping; Occupancy model; Bayesian model ID SPECIES COOCCURRENCE PATTERNS; NATURE-RESERVE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; CONSERVATION PLANS; HABITAT SELECTION; SICHUAN PROVINCE; PREDATOR CONTROL; CHINA; LANDSCAPE; BEARS AB Interactions between sympatric species may negatively affect a species' fitness, and complicate management of species assemblages in protected areas. An example of the need to quantify the strength and direction of the species interactions is giant panda conservation in newly established reserves. Although the habitat requirements of giant panda have been broadly studied, the degree of its interactions with sympatric large mammals remains unclear. In this paper, we systematically surveyed for species occurrence in the southwestern China during 2008-2013, to better understand the interactions between giant panda and four sympatric large mammal species. We constructed species-specific occupancy models based on camera-trapping data using both environmental and detection variables. We then used the important predictor variables for each species to construct pairwise species co-occurrence models following a Bayesian framework. Our analysis detected significant habitat overlap between giant panda and its sympatric species. However, there was no evidence of native species limiting the distribution of giant pandas despite their extensive use of the same forests. The only evidence for negative interactions was between the distributions of giant panda and domestic cattle within bamboo forest, the primary habitat of giant pandas. The co-occurrence model has value for any conservation planning that benefits from knowledge of inter-species interactions. Our study suggests that, in southwestern China, strict grazing control of domestic cattle in protected areas is warranted until the nature of its interactions with native large mammals can be determined. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Fang; McShea, William J.] Natl Zool Pk, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Wang, Dajun; Li, Sheng] Peking Univ, Sch Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Li, S (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Life Sci, 5 Yiheyuan RD, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM shengli@pku.edu.cn FU Friends of National Zoo (FONZ); World Wildlife Foundation (WWF); Conservation International (CI); The Nature Conservancy (TNC); Ocean Park Conservation Fund Hong Kong (OPCFHK) FX We thank the staff of Changqing Nature Reserve, Wanglang Nature Reserve, Wolong Nature Reserve, Tangjiahe Nature Reserve, Laohegou Nature Reserve, Huangbaiyuan Nature Reserve, Niuweihe Nature Reserve, and Xiaohegou Nature Reserve for their assistance to the field work. The Sichuan Forestry Department and the Shaanxi Forestry Department helped us in logistical details and permit applications. We thank Dr. J. Hardin Waddle and Dr. Qing Zhao for their assistance in data analysis. The field survey was funded by Friends of National Zoo (FONZ), World Wildlife Foundation (WWF), Conservation International (CI), The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and Ocean Park Conservation Fund Hong Kong (OPCFHK). NR 70 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 186 BP 319 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.03.032 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI8ZX UT WOS:000355061300036 ER PT J AU Hong, T AF Hong, Terry TI The Way Things Were SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hong, Terry] Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Hong, T (reprint author), Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2015 VL 140 IS 10 BP 96 EP 96 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA CJ3MK UT WOS:000355387900115 ER PT J AU Smith, GD Murillo-Garcia, OE Hostetler, JA Mearns, R Rollie, C Newton, I McGrady, MJ Oli, MK AF Smith, George D. Murillo-Garcia, Oscar E. Hostetler, Jeffrey A. Mearns, Richard Rollie, Chris Newton, Ian McGrady, Michael J. Oli, Madan K. TI Demography of population recovery: survival and fidelity of peregrine falcons at various stages of population recovery SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Age-specific survival; Burnham model; Density dependence; Falco peregrinus; Fidelity ID CLIMATIC VARIATION; DENSITY; DYNAMICS; ANIMALS; CALIFORNIA; DISPERSAL AB Factors influencing vital demographic rates and population dynamics can vary across phases of population growth. We studied factors influencing survival and fidelity of peregrine falcons in south Scotland-north England at two stages of population growth: when the population was recovering from pesticide-related declines and density was low, and when it had largely recovered from pesticide effects and density was high. Fidelity was higher for: adults and subadults than for juveniles, females than for males, and juveniles and adults during the low-density than during the high-density study period. Survival was age specific, with lower survival for juveniles than for older birds (juveniles, 0.600 +/- A SE 0.063; subadults, 0.811 +/- A 0.058; adults, 0.810 +/- A 0.034). Furthermore, there was some evidence that survival was generally lower for all age classes during the low-density period than during the high-density period, possibly due to a chronic, persistent effect of organochlorine pesticides as the population recovered. Evidence for a density-dependent effect on survival was weak, but a negative effect of density on fidelity of juveniles (dispersing age class) during the recovery phase suggests density-dependent dispersal when the population was increasing. Our results show how population density can influence demographic parameters differently and how such influences can vary across phases of population growth. C1 [Smith, George D.] Scottish Raptor Study Grp, Kirknewton EH27 8BS, West Lothian, Scotland. [Murillo-Garcia, Oscar E.; Oli, Madan K.] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Murillo-Garcia, Oscar E.; Oli, Madan K.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hostetler, Jeffrey A.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Mearns, Richard] Conansknowe, Dumfries DG1 1SX, Scotland. [Rollie, Chris] Royal Soc Protect Birds, Dumfries & Galloway Off, Crossmichael DG7 3AP, Castle Douglas, Scotland. [Newton, Ian] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [McGrady, Michael J.] Int Avian Res, A-3500 Krems, Austria. RP Oli, MK (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 110 Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM olim@ufl.edu RI Hostetler, Jeffrey/A-3345-2011 OI Hostetler, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3669-1758 FU International Avian Research, Austria; Natural Research, UK; Fulbright Colombia Program; Universidad del Valle; University of Florida FX We thank International Avian Research, Austria, and Natural Research, UK for financial support. G. Carse and R. Roxburgh collected much of the field data in the early years. We are grateful to J. Clarke and the BTO for providing the recovery data. The large amount of voluntary fieldwork provided annually by members of the Scottish Raptor Study Groups that covered the study area was vital to the study. Fulbright Colombia Program, Universidad del Valle, and University of Florida provided financial support for graduate studies of Oscar Murillo-Garcia. We are greatly indebted to J. D. Nichols for providing much needed guidance in data analysis and to J. D. Nichols, S. K. Robinson and J. M. Ponciano for many helpful comments. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUN PY 2015 VL 178 IS 2 BP 391 EP 401 DI 10.1007/s00442-014-3168-3 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI6VF UT WOS:000354900700008 PM 25627408 ER PT J AU France, CAM Giaccai, JA Doney, CR AF France, Christine A. M. Giaccai, Jennifer A. Doney, Charlotte R. TI The effects of Paraloid B-72 and Butvar B-98 treatment and organic solvent removal on delta C-13, delta N-15, and delta O-18 values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE stable isotopes; bone; Paraloid; Butvar ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE COMPOSITIONS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ARCHAEOLOGICAL BONE; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; DIAGENETIC ALTERATION; PHOSPHATE; NITROGEN; CARBONATE; RECONSTRUCTION; PHYSIOLOGY AB Stable isotopes in bones are a powerful tool for diet, provenance, climate, and physiological reconstructions, but necessarily require well-preserved specimens unaltered by postmortem diagenesis or conservation practices. This study examines the effects of Paraloid B-72 and Butvar B-98, two common consolidants used in field and museum conservation, on C-13, N-15, and O-18 values from bone collagen and hydroxyapatite. The effects of solvent removal (100% acetone, 100% ethanol, 9:1 acetone:xylenes, 9:1 ethanol:xylenes) and drying methods (ambient air, vacuum, oven drying at 80 degrees C) were also examined to determine if bones treated with these consolidants can successfully be cleaned and used for stable isotope analyses. Results show that introduction of Paraloid B-72 or Butvar B-98 in 100% acetone or 100% ethanol, respectively, with subsequent removal by the same solvents and drying at 80 degrees C facilitates the most successful removal of consolidants and solvents. The C-13 values in collagen, N-15 in collagen, O-18 in hydroxyapatite phosphate, and C-13 in hydroxyapatite structural carbonate were unaltered by treatments with Paraloid or Butvar and subsequent solvent removal. The O-18 in hydroxyapatite structural carbonate showed nonsystematic variability when bones were treated with Paraloid and Butvar, which is hypothesized to be a result of hydroxyl exchange when bones are exposed to consolidants in solution. It is therefore recommended that O-18 in hydroxyapatite structural carbonate should not be used in stable isotope studies if bones have been treated with Paraloid or Butvar. Am J Phys Anthropol 157:330-338, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [France, Christine A. M.; Doney, Charlotte R.] Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Giaccai, Jennifer A.] Smithsonian Inst, Freer Gallery Art, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP France, CAM (reprint author), Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM francec@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution FX Grant sponsor: Smithsonian Institution. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-9483 EI 1096-8644 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 157 IS 2 BP 330 EP 338 DI 10.1002/ajpa.22697 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA CI4OU UT WOS:000354731600013 PM 25639211 ER PT J AU Farine, DR AF Farine, Damien R. TI Proximity as a proxy for interactions: issues of scale in social network analysis SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Editorial Material DE association; interaction; interspecific; mixed-species flocking; social network analysis; thornbill ID ORGANIZATION; ASSOCIATION; PREDICT; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR C1 [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Farine, Damien R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. RP Farine, DR (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. EM damien.farine@zoo.ox.ac.uk OI Farine, Damien/0000-0003-2208-7613 NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 8 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 104 BP E1 EP E5 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.11.019 PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA CI5PX UT WOS:000354811800003 ER PT J AU Pitt, WC Sugihara, RT Berentsen, AR AF Pitt, William C. Sugihara, Robert T. Berentsen, Are R. TI Effect of travel distance, home range, and bait on the management of small Indian mongooses, Herpestes auropunctatus SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Bait attractiveness; Control; Foraging distance; Hawaii; Management ID CARNIVORA-VIVERRIDAE; ANTHROPOGENIC FOOD; ORAL TOXICITY; RAIN-FOREST; WEST-INDIES; JAVANICUS; MAMMALS; ISLAND; AMINOPROPIOPHENONE; VACCINATION AB Selection of preferred baits to attract mongooses to traps and other control devices is paramount in the effective management and control of this invasive predatory mammal. We examined the attractiveness of selected food items as baits to free-ranging mongooses in field trials at two different habitats on the island of Hawaii. We utilized radio telemetry to calculate mongoose home range and population density estimates. We implanted microchips to remotely identify and record visitations by mongooses to the candidate baits and investigated bait visitation rates, bait attraction distances, and bait discovery times. Mongooses in this study foraged over a wide area and readily investigated the various novel food baits, with fish, beef and egg-baited stations eliciting higher first and revisits over multiple days. We radio collared 34 mongooses. Overall mean home range estimates were 21.9 and 28.8 ha and did not differ between the two study sites (F = 2.12, p = 0.156), although overall male mongooses had larger home ranges than females (F = 22.92, df = 1, p < 0.0001). Extensive overlapping home ranges were recorded among individual mongooses, regardless of gender. Male mongooses were attracted from a greater distance to selected baits as compared to females (F = 15.80, df = 1, p = 0.0004) although females visited more bait stations than males at each site (F = 11.26, df = 1, p = 0.002 and F = 6.90, df = 1, p = 0.017). Baits were usually discovered within 24-30 h of exposure. Based on time to first bait discovery, no differences were found among percent of food stations visited among bait types at either site (F = 0.93, df = 4, p = 0.463 and F = 0.40, df = 3, p = 0.756). The results of this study provide insights on mongoose foraging ecology in Hawaii and the attractiveness of food baits used in developing effective control strategies in detecting and trapping mongooses in newly established areas as well as reducing or eradicating populations in native species habitat impacted by mongooses. C1 [Pitt, William C.; Sugihara, Robert T.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Hawaii Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Berentsen, Are R.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Pitt, WC (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM pittw@si.edu FU U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office FX We are grateful for the support and assistance provided by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office. Capture, handling and marking of mongooses was performed with approval of the National Wildlife Research Center's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee February 25, 2005 under QA-1255. We thank Michael W. Fall and Catherine E. Swift for assistance with literature review and manuscript preparation. Special thanks to two anonymous reviewers for helpful and insightful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JUN PY 2015 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1743 EP 1759 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0831-x PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH9RJ UT WOS:000354373500014 ER PT J AU Crayn, DM Winter, K Schulte, K Smith, JAC AF Crayn, Darren M. Winter, Klaus Schulte, Katharina Smith, J. Andrew C. TI Photosynthetic pathways in Bromeliaceae: phylogenetic and ecological significance of CAM and C-3 based on carbon isotope ratios for 1893 species SO BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Review DE adaptive radiation; ecophysiology; epiphytism; Neotropics; photosynthesis ID CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; NATURAL TROPICAL CONDITIONS; NDHF SEQUENCE DATA; DARK CO2 FIXATION; L SPANISH MOSS; VASCULAR EPIPHYTES; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; BROMELIOIDEAE BROMELIACEAE; TILLANDSIA-USNEOIDES; ADAPTIVE RADIATION AB A comprehensive analysis of photosynthetic pathways in relation to phylogeny and elevational distribution was conducted in Bromeliaceae, an ecologically diverse Neotropical family containing large numbers of both terrestrial and epiphytic species. Tissue carbon isotope ratio (C-13) was used to determine the occurrence of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and C-3 photosynthesis in 1893 species, representing 57% of species and all 56 genera in the family. The frequency of C-13 values showed a strongly bimodal distribution: 1074 species (57%) had values more negative than -20 parts per thousand (mode=-26.7 parts per thousand), typical of predominantly daytime carbon fixation via the C-3 pathway, whereas 819 species (43%) possessed values less negative than -20 parts per thousand (mode=-13.3 parts per thousand), indicative of predominantly nocturnal fixation of carbon via the CAM pathway. Amongst the six almost exclusively terrestrial subfamilies in Bromeliaceae, Brocchinioideae, Lindmanioideae and Navioideae consisted entirely of C-3 species, with CAM species being restricted to Hechtioideae (all species of Hechtia tested), Pitcairnioideae (all species belonging to a xeric clade comprising Deuterocohnia, Dyckia and Encholirium) and Puyoideae (21% of Puya spp.). Of the other two subfamilies, in the overwhelmingly epiphytic (plus lithophytic) Tillandsioideae, 28% of species possessed CAM photosynthesis, all restricted to the derived genus Tillandsia and tending towards the more extreme epiphytic atmospheric' life-form. In Bromelioideae, with comparable numbers of terrestrial and epiphytic species, 90% of taxa showed CAM; included in these are the first records of CAM photosynthesis in Androlepis, Canistropsis, Deinacanthon, Disteganthus, Edmundoa, Eduandrea, Hohenbergiopsis, Lymania, Pseudananas, Ronnbergia and Ursulaea. With respect to elevational gradients, the greatest number of C-3 bromeliad species were found at mid-elevations between 500 and 1500m, whereas the frequency of CAM species declined monotonically with increasing elevation. However, in Puya, at least ten CAM species have been recorded at elevations >3000m, showing that CAM photosynthesis is not necessarily incompatible with low temperatures. This survey identifies five major origins of CAM photosynthesis at a higher taxonomic level in Bromeliaceae, but future phylogenetic work is likely to reveal a more fine-scale pattern of gains and losses of this trait, especially in ecologically diverse and widely distributed genera such as Tillandsia and Puya.(c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 178, 169-221. C1 [Crayn, Darren M.; Schulte, Katharina] James Cook Univ, Australian Trop Herbarium, Smithfield, Qld 4878, Australia. [Crayn, Darren M.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm Sustainabil Sci, Smithfield, Qld 4878, Australia. [Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Schulte, Katharina] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Biodivers & Climate Change, Townsville, Qld 4814, Australia. [Smith, J. Andrew C.] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England. RP Smith, JAC (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3RB, England. EM andrew.smith@plants.ox.ac.uk RI Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; Crayn, Darren/A-7386-2011 OI Crayn, Darren/0000-0001-6614-4216 FU Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grants through the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of Harry E. Luther (1952-2012), who was the foremost authority on the taxonomy and cultivation of Bromeliaceae since Lyman B. Smith. Harry facilitated this and much other bromeliad research through his Directorship of the Mulford B. Foster Bromeliad Identification Center at Marie Selby Botanical Gardens. We thank E. Leme (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and the Directors of the HB, K, MO, NY, OXF, SEL, SP, US and VEN herbaria, and the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens (Sarasota, FL, USA), for access to their collections, and R. Duno (VEN), S. A. Harris (OXF), B. K. Holst (SEL), the late H. E. Luther (SEL), the late D. Philcox (K), J. C. Solomon (MO), M. G. L. Wanderley (SP), S. Wookey (NY), S. Marner, E. Medina, E. Olivares, L. Peters and L. Pond for assistance and/or advice during collecting visits. L. Giles (Duke University, NC, USA) performed the isotope analyses. The following are also thanked for helpful discussions: M. H. J. Barfuss, L. Cernusak, J. R. Grant, H. Griffiths, F. A. Harper, R. Horres, J. A. M. Holtum, H. S. J. Lee, A. R. G. Plackett, the late W. Rauh, and G. Zizka. Two anonymous reviewers are acknowledged for comments that improved the manuscript. This research was supported by Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grants through the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute to JACS and KW. NR 153 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 7 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4074 EI 1095-8339 J9 BOT J LINN SOC JI Bot. J. Linnean Soc. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 178 IS 2 BP 169 EP 221 DI 10.1111/boj.12275 PG 53 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CI4OE UT WOS:000354729600001 ER PT J AU Pelletier, J Busch, J Potvin, C AF Pelletier, Johanne Busch, Jonah Potvin, Catherine TI Addressing uncertainty upstream or downstream of accounting for emissions reductions from deforestation and forest degradation SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID LAND CHANGE; REDD+; CONSERVATIVENESS; ACCURACY; BENEFITS; AREA AB Uncertainty in emissions and emission changes estimates constitutes an unresolved issue for a future international climate agreement. Uncertainty can be addressed 'upstream' through improvements in the technologies or techniques used to measure, report, and verify (MRV) emission reductions, or 'downstream' through the application of discount factors to more uncertain reductions. In the context of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+), we look at the effects of upstream interventions on reductions in uncertainty, using data from Panama. We also test five downstream proposals for discounting uncertainty of the potential credits received for reducing emissions. We compare the potential compensation received for these emission reductions to the cost of alternative upstream investments in forest monitoring capabilities. First, we find that upstream improvements can noticeably reduce the overall uncertainty in emission reductions. Furthermore, the costs of upstream investments in improved forest monitoring are relatively low compared to the potential benefits from carbon payments; they would allow the country to receive higher financial compensation from more certain emission reductions. When uncertainty is discounted downstream, we find that the degree of conservativeness applied downstream has a major influence on both overall creditable emission reductions and on incentives for upstream forest monitoring improvements. Of the five downstream approaches that we analyze, only the Conservativeness Approach and the Risk Charge Approach provided consistent financial incentives to reduce uncertainty upstream. We recommend specifying the use of one of these two approaches if REDD+ emission reductions are to be traded for emission reductions from other sectors. C1 [Pelletier, Johanne] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Busch, Jonah] Ctr Global Dev, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Potvin, Catherine] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Potvin, Catherine] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. RP Pelletier, J (reprint author), Woods Hole Res Ctr, 149 Woods Hole Rd, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. EM jpelletier@whrc.org RI Pelletier, Johanne/E-3156-2016 OI Pelletier, Johanne/0000-0001-8161-6410 NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUN PY 2015 VL 130 IS 4 BP 635 EP 648 DI 10.1007/s10584-015-1352-z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI4GD UT WOS:000354705200012 ER PT J AU Ubelaker, DH Thomas, C Olson, JE AF Ubelaker, Douglas H. Thomas, Christian Olson, Jacqueline E. TI The impact of age at death on the lag time of radiocarbon values in human bone SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE Forensic science; Radiocarbon; Bone; Lag time ID ARTIFICIAL RADIOCARBON; TURNOVER; C-14; SKELETAL AB Analysis of modern bomb-pulse radiocarbon in human bone offers data needed to interpret the postmortem interval in skeletonized human remains recovered from forensic contexts. Radiocarbon analysis of different tissues with distinct rates of remodeling allows proper placement of the values on the modern bomb-curve. However, the lag time between the date of intercept on the curve and the actual death date is largely affected by the age at death. Published data on radiocarbon analysis of individuals of known age at death and death dates indicate that this lag time increases with age until about 60 years. The lag time documented for each decade of life can be used to compensate for this age-related factor and increase the accuracy of interpretation of the death date. While this method could be greatly improved by original research with a larger sample size, this study provides an adequate point from which to launch further investigations into the subject. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Ubelaker, Douglas H.; Thomas, Christian; Olson, Jacqueline E.] Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ubelaker, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Anthropol, MRC 112, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM ubelaked@si.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0379-0738 EI 1872-6283 J9 FORENSIC SCI INT JI Forensic Sci.Int. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 251 BP 56 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.03.024 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA CH6DI UT WOS:000354125900012 PM 25863698 ER PT J AU Galache, JL Beeson, CL McLeod, KK Elvis, M AF Galache, J. L. Beeson, C. L. McLeod, K. K. Elvis, M. TI The need for speed in Near-Earth Asteroid characterization SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Asteroids; Asteroids' rotation; Near-Earth Objects; Orbit determination; Near-Earth Asteroids ID 101955 BENNU; OBJECTS; CHELYABINSK; POPULATION; MAGNITUDES; LIGHTCURVE; ROTATION; SYSTEM; ALBEDO; HAZARD AB We have used Minor Planet Center (MPG) data and tools to explore the discovery circumstances and properties of the currently known population of over 10,000 NEAs, and to quantify the challenges for follow-up from ground-based optical telescopes. The increasing rate of discovery has grown to similar to 1000/year as surveys have become more sensitive, by 1 mag every similar to 7.5 years. However, discoveries of large (H <= 22) NEAs have remained stable at similar to 365/year over the past decade, at which rate the 2005 Congressional mandate to find 90% of 140 m NEAs will not be met before 2030 (at least a decade late). Meanwhile, characterization is falling farther behind: Fewer than 10% of NEAs are well characterized in terms of size, rotation periods, and spectral composition, and at the current rates of follow-up it will take about a century to determine them even for the known population. Over 60% of NEAs have an orbital uncertainty parameter, U >= 4, making reacquisition more than a year following discovery difficult; for H > 22 this fraction is over 90%. We argue that rapid follow-up will be essential to characterize newly discovered NEAs. Most new NEAs are found within 0.5 mag of their peak brightness and fade quickly, typically by 0.5/3.5/5 mag after 1/4/6 weeks. About 80% have synodic periods of <3 years that would bring them close to Earth several times per decade. However follow-up observations on subsequent apparitions will be difficult or impossible for the bulk of new discoveries, as these will be smaller (H > 22) NEAs that tend to return 100 x fainter. We show that for characterization to keep pace with discovery would require: quick (within days) visible spectroscopy with a dedicated >2 m telescope; long-arc (months) astrometry, to be used also for phase curves, with a >= 4 m telescope; and fast-cadence (< min) light curves obtained rapidly (within days) with a >= 4 m telescope. For the already-known large (H <= 22) NEAs that tend to return to similar brightness, subsequent-apparition spectroscopy, astrometry, and photometry could be done with 1-2 m telescopes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Galache, J. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Minor Planet Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Beeson, C. L.; Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Beeson, C. L.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [McLeod, K. K.] Wellesley Coll, Whitin Observ, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA. RP Galache, JL (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Minor Planet Ctr, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jlgalache@cfa.harvard.edu; charlie.beeson@sky.com; kmcleod@wellesley.edu; melvis@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNX12AE89G] FX We thank both T. Spahr and G. Williams (MPC) for answering numerous questions, and the anonymous referees for keeping us honest and improving this paper through their inquisitiveness. C. Beeson thanks M. Trichas and J. Connolly for their guidance with Python coding; D. Polishook for an insight into NEA spectroscopy; and EE. DeMeo and RP. Binzel for crucial information with regard to spectroscopy. J.L. Galache was funded by NASA Grant NNX12AE89G. This research has made use of data and/or services provided by the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 111 BP 155 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.pss.2015.04.004 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8XJ UT WOS:000355054700014 ER PT J AU Lapinski, W Walther, P Tschapka, M AF Lapinski, Witold Walther, Paul Tschapka, Marco TI Morphology reflects microhabitat preferences in an assemblage of neotropical wandering spiders SO ZOOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ancylometes; Costa Rica; Ctenus; Cupiennius; Phoneutria; Trechalea ID HABITAT USE; ARANEAE; ATTACHMENT; PERFORMANCE; PISAURIDAE; LOCOMOTION; REVISION; ADHESION AB Coexistence is thought to be based mainly on interspecific differences in the use of limiting resources and habitat choice, both being associated with specific traits. We studied morphological parameters within an assemblage of large wandering spider species in Costa Rica subdivided into three subguilds: (1) semi-aquatic species, (2) forestground dwellers and (3) vegetation dwellers. We hypothesized that the observed differences between the spider species in microhabitat preferences and abilities to adhere to smooth surfaces should be associated with corresponding morphological traits. The leg scopulation patterns were surprisingly complex and reflected the ecological preferences of the spiders. We found that the scopulation patterns and the ratio of tarsus to leg length (T/L) appeared to be most important: the poor adhesion abilities of the semi-aquatic species were reflected by the absence of tarsal claw tufts, and these species also showed the highest T/L ratio. The forest-ground dwellers had smaller claw tufts relative to body mass than the vegetation dwellers that consistently showed the best adhesion performance. This study presents the first family-spanning ecomorphological analysis of an assemblage of large tropical wandering spiders. C1 [Lapinski, Witold; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Walther, Paul] Univ Ulm, Electron Microscopy Dept, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Lapinski, W (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM witold.lapinski@uni-ulm.de NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0720-213X EI 1432-234X J9 ZOOMORPHOLOGY JI Zoomorphology PD JUN PY 2015 VL 134 IS 2 BP 219 EP 236 DI 10.1007/s00435-015-0257-8 PG 18 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Zoology SC Anatomy & Morphology; Zoology GA CI0DH UT WOS:000354405600005 ER PT J AU Xia, SW Chen, J Schaefer, D Detto, M AF Xia, Shang-Wen Chen, Jin Schaefer, Doug Detto, Matteo TI Scale-dependent soil macronutrient heterogeneity reveals effects of litterfall in a tropical rainforest SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Litterfall properties; Plant-soil feedback; Soil spatial heterogeneity; Topography; Wavelet analysis; Xishuangbanna ID SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; SOUTHERN TAIWAN; LEAF-LITTER; COSTA-RICA; PATTERNS; NUTRIENTS; MANIPULATION; TOPOGRAPHY; NITROGEN; CHINA AB Aims Soil spatial heterogeneity is an important factor partitioning environmental niches and facilitating species coexistence, especially in tropical rainforests. However, fine-scale spatial variability of soil macronutrients and its causative factors are not well understood. We investigate this fine-scale variability and how it relates to environmental factors. Methods We conducted intensive soil sampling (361 samples) in a 1 ha plot in a tropical rainforest in Southwest China to investigate patterns of spatial heterogeneity in soil acidity and macronutrients and explored how the soil properties were influenced by topography and litterfall using a scale-wise wavelet analysis. Results Topography showed great variability at larger scales (>25 m) compared to litterfall properties, which peaked at about 25 m. Soil pH showed variation at large scales and was significantly correlated with topography, whereas soil total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium showed variation at finer scales and were significantly correlated with litterfall chemical fluxes. A dominant species of canopy tree was non-randomly distributed in high litterfall input sites. Conclusions This study shows that fine-scale spatial variability of soil macronutrients is strongly influenced by litterfall chemical fluxes, highlighting the importance of biotic factors for understanding fine-scale patterns of soil heterogeneity in tropical rainforests. C1 [Xia, Shang-Wen; Chen, Jin; Schaefer, Doug] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna 666303, Peoples R China. [Xia, Shang-Wen] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Detto, Matteo] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna 666303, Peoples R China. EM cj@xtbg.org.cn NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JUN PY 2015 VL 391 IS 1-2 BP 51 EP 61 DI 10.1007/s11104-015-2402-z PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CH7DZ UT WOS:000354197100004 ER PT J AU Rossman, AY Adams, GC Cannon, PF Castlebury, LA Crous, PW Gryzenhout, M Jaklitsch, WM Mejia, LC Stoykov, D Udayanga, D Voglmayr, H Walker, DM AF Rossman, Amy Y. Adams, Gerard C. Cannon, Paul F. Castlebury, Lisa A. Crous, Pedro W. Gryzenhout, Marieka Jaklitsch, Walter M. Mejia, Luis C. Stoykov, Dmitar Udayanga, Dhanushka Voglmayr, Hermann Walker, Donald M. TI Recommendations of generic names in Diaporthales competing for protection or use SO IMA FUNGUS LA English DT Article DE Article 59; Ascomycetes; Fungi; nomenclature; one fungus-one name; pleomorphic fungi; taxonomy; unit nomenclature AB In advancing to one name for fungi, this paper treats generic names competing for use in the order Diaporthales (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes) and makes a recommendation for the use or protection of one generic name among synonymous names that may be either sexually or asexually typified. A table is presented that summarizes these recommendations. Among the genera most commonly encountered in this order, Cytospora is recommended over Valsa and Diaporthe over Phomopsis. New combinations are introduced for the oldest epithet of important species in the recommended genus. These include Amphiporthe tiliae, Coryneum lanciforme, Cytospora brevispora, C. ceratosperma, C. cinereostroma, C. eugeniae, C. fallax, C. myrtagena, Diaporthe amaranthophila, D. annonacearum, D. bougainvilleicola, D. caricae- papayae, D. cocoina, D. cucurbitae, D. juniperivora, D. leptostromiformis, D. pterophila, D. theae, D. vitimegaspora, Mastigosporella georgiana, Pilidiella angustispora, P. calamicola, P. pseudogranati, P. stromatica, and P. terminaliae. C1 [Rossman, Amy Y.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Adams, Gerard C.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. [Cannon, Paul F.] Royal Bot Gardens, Surrey TW9 3AB, England. [Castlebury, Lisa A.; Udayanga, Dhanushka] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Crous, Pedro W.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Inst, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Gryzenhout, Marieka] Univ Free State, Dept Plant Sci, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Jaklitsch, Walter M.] Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, Div Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Jaklitsch, Walter M.] BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Dept Forest & Soil Sci, Inst Forest Entomol Forest Pathol & Forest, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Mejia, Luis C.] Inst Sci Res & High Technol Serv INDICASAT AIP, Ctr Cellular & Mol Biol Dis, Panama City, Panama. [Mejia, Luis C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Stoykov, Dmitar] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Res, Dept Plant & Fungal Divers & Resources, Sofia 113, Bulgaria. [Voglmayr, Hermann] Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, Div Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Walker, Donald M.] Findlay Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Findlay, OH 45840 USA. RP Rossman, AY (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM amydianer@yahoo.com FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P27645-B16] FX Hermann Voglmayr acknowledges financial support by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; project P27645-B16). NR 64 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 6 PU INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC PI BERKELEY PA C/O J TAYLOR, DEPT PLANT & MICROBIAL BIOLOGY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA SN 2210-6340 EI 2210-6359 J9 IMA FUNGUS JI IMA Fungus PD JUN PY 2015 VL 6 IS 1 BP 145 EP 154 DI 10.5598/imafungus.2015.06.01.09 PG 10 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA V46UL UT WOS:000209909000021 PM 26203420 ER PT J AU Dittus, WPJ Gunathilake, KAS AF Dittus, Wolfgang P. J. Gunathilake, K. A. Sunil TI Validating skinfold thickness as a proxy to estimate total body fat in wild toque macaques (Macaca sinica) using the mass of dissected adipose tissue SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE wild primates; measuring adiposity; fat mass index; lean fatness; body composition ID FEMALE RHESUS-MONKEYS; PRIMATE POPULATION; NATURAL-POPULATION; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; JAPANESE MACAQUES; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; BABOONS PAPIO; OLIVE BABOONS; OBESITY AB Skinfold thickness (SFT) has been used often in non-human primates and humans as a proxy to estimate fatness (% body fat). We intended to validate the relation between SFT (in recently deceased specimens) and the mass of adipose tissue as determined from dissection of fresh carcasses of wild toque macaques (Macaca sinica). In adult male and female toque macaques body composition is normally 2% adipose tissue. Calipers for measuring SFT were suitable for measuring only some subcutaneous deposits of adipose tissue but were not suitable for measuring large fat deposits within the body cavity or minor intermuscular ones. The anatomical distribution of 13 different adipose deposits, in different body regions (subcutaneous, intra-abdominal and intermuscular) and their proportional size differences, were consistent in this species (as in other primates), though varying in total mass among individuals. These consistent allometric relationships were fundamental for estimating fatness of different body regions based on SFT. The best fit statistically significant correlations and regressions with the known masses of dissectible adipose tissue were evident between the SFT means of the seven sites measured, as well as with a single point on the abdomen anterior to the umbilicus. SFT related to total fat mass and intra-abdominal fat mass in curvilinear regressions and to subcutaneous fat mass in a linear relationship. To adjust for differences in body size among individuals, and to circumvent intangible variations in total body mass allocated, for example to the gastro-intestinal contents, dissected fat mass was estimated per unit body size (length of crown-rump)(3). SFT had greater coefficients of correlation and regressions with this Fat Mass Index (g/dm(3)) than with Percent Body Fat. Am. J. Primatol. 77:618-632, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Dittus, Wolfgang P. J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Dittus, Wolfgang P. J.] Natl Inst Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka. [Dittus, Wolfgang P. J.; Gunathilake, K. A. Sunil] Assoc Conservat Primate Divers, Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka. RP Dittus, WPJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Primate Res Stn, New Town, New Town 51000, Polonnarwua, Sri Lanka. EM wdittus@gmail.com FU US National Science Foundation; Earthwatch Institute FX We thank Sumith Dissanayake, Nilantha Kodithuwakku, Kanchan Liyanage, Nadeera Weerasinghe for assistance in the field; Nirmala Basnayake and Chandra Handunge for office support; C.B. Dissanayake, the Director of the National Institute of Fundamental Studies (Sri Lanka) for research permits and John Seidensticker, Head of the Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park for administrative support. The manuscript benefited from comments by the editors, Donald Dunbar and Paul Garber, five anonymous reviewers, as well as by James Cheverud, Emma Crookenden, Clare Mosley, Michael Mosley and Rohan Pethiyagoda. Research was supported by the US National Science Foundation and the Earthwatch Institute. The methods of field observation and measurement comply with all laws and principles for the ethical treatment of research subjects of the National Institute of Fundamental Studies (Sri Lanka), the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (USA) and American Society of Primatologists. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0275-2565 EI 1098-2345 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 77 IS 6 BP 618 EP 632 DI 10.1002/ajp.22385 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CH9TS UT WOS:000354379900003 PM 25715692 ER PT J AU Gomez, CE Paul, VJ Ritson-Williams, R Muehllehner, N Langdon, C Sanchez, JA AF Gomez, C. E. Paul, V. J. Ritson-Williams, R. Muehllehner, N. Langdon, C. Sanchez, J. A. TI Responses of the tropical gorgonian coral Eunicea fusca to ocean acidification conditions SO CORAL REEFS LA English DT Article DE Ocean acidification; Carbonate saturation state; Tropical gorgonian; Caribbean; Calcein ID LEPTOGORGIA-VIRGULATA LAMARCK; MEDITERRANEAN RED CORAL; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CALCIFICATION; GROWTH; REEFS; OCTOCORALLIA; SEAWATER; CALCIUM AB Ocean acidification can have negative repercussions from the organism to ecosystem levels. Octocorals deposit high-magnesium calcite in their skeletons, and according to different models, they could be more susceptible to the depletion of carbonate ions than either calcite or aragonite-depositing organisms. This study investigated the response of the gorgonian coral Eunicea fusca to a range of CO2 concentrations from 285 to 4,568 ppm (pH range 8.1-7.1) over a 4-week period. Gorgonian growth and calcification were measured at each level of CO2 as linear extension rate and percent change in buoyant weight and calcein incorporation in individual sclerites, respectively. There was a significant negative relationship for calcification and CO2 concentration that was well explained by a linear model regression analysis for both buoyant weight and calcein staining. In general, growth and calcification did not stop in any of the concentrations of pCO(2); however, some of the octocoral fragments experienced negative calcification at undersaturated levels of calcium carbonate (> 4,500 ppm) suggesting possible dissolution effects. These results highlight the susceptibility of the gorgonian coral E. fusca to elevated levels of carbon dioxide but suggest that E. fusca could still survive well in mid-term ocean acidification conditions expected by the end of this century, which provides important information on the effects of ocean acidification on the dynamics of coral reef communities. Gorgonian corals can be expected to diversify and thrive in the Atlantic-Eastern Pacific; as scleractinian corals decline, it is likely to expect a shift in these reef communities from scleractinian coral dominated to octocoral/soft coral dominated under a "business as usual" scenario of CO2 emissions. C1 [Gomez, C. E.; Sanchez, J. A.] Univ Los Andes, Lab Biol Mol Marina BIOMMAR, Dept Ciencias Biol, Fac Ciencias, Bogota, Colombia. [Gomez, C. E.; Paul, V. J.; Ritson-Williams, R.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Gomez, C. E.] Temple Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Muehllehner, N.; Langdon, C.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Marine Biol & Ecol, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Sanchez, JA (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Lab Biol Mol Marina BIOMMAR, Dept Ciencias Biol, Fac Ciencias, Carrera 1E 18A 10, Bogota, Colombia. EM juansanc@uniandes.edu.co RI Johnson, Selena/K-3541-2013; OI Sanchez, Juan Armando/0000-0001-7149-8369 FU Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Program; Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (SMSFP); Coral and Climate Change Laboratory (RSMAS-University of Miami); Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes; COLCIENCIAS [1204-521-28867] FX The Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Program and the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (SMSFP) through the Hunterdon Oceanographic Endowment funded this study. Additional support was received from the Coral and Climate Change Laboratory (RSMAS-University of Miami) for use of the CO2 system as well as Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes and COLCIENCIAS (1204-521-28867). We greatly appreciate the collaboration of SMSFP staff, H. Reichardt, J. Piraino, S. Reed. Special thanks to S. Gunasekera, M. Boyle, J. Craft and W. Hoffman (SMSFP) and C. Mor and R. Okasaki (University of Miami). We thank Simon Davy and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that greatly improved this manuscript. This is contribution #968 of the SMSFP. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 63 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0722-4028 EI 1432-0975 J9 CORAL REEFS JI Coral Reefs PD JUN PY 2015 VL 34 IS 2 BP 451 EP 460 DI 10.1007/s00338-014-1241-3 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CH7BC UT WOS:000354189600008 ER PT J AU Teitelbaum, CS Fagan, WF Fleming, CH Dressler, G Calabrese, JM Leimgruber, P Mueller, T AF Teitelbaum, Claire S. Fagan, William F. Fleming, Chris H. Dressler, Gunnar Calabrese, Justin M. Leimgruber, Peter Mueller, Thomas TI How far to go? Determinants of migration distance in land mammals SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Foraging resources; land migrations; mammalian herbivores; migration distance; normalised difference vegetation index; scaling relationships; ungulates ID DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; HOME RANGE SIZE; MONGOLIAN GAZELLES; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; TIME-SERIES; ROE DEER; NDVI; MODELS; PRODUCTIVITY; TERRESTRIAL AB Animal migration is a global phenomenon, but few studies have examined the substantial within- and between-species variation in migration distances. We built a global database of 94 land migrations of large mammalian herbivore populations ranging from 10 to 1638km. We examined how resource availability, spatial scale of resource variability and body size affect migration distance among populations. Resource availability measured as normalised difference vegetation index had a strong negative effect, predicting a tenfold difference in migration distances between low- and high-resource areas and explaining 23% of the variation in migration distances. We found a weak, positive effect of the spatial scale of resource variability but no effect of body size. Resource-poor environments are known to increase the size of mammalian home ranges and territories. Here, we demonstrate that for migratory populations as well, animals living in resource-poor environments travel farther to fulfil their resource needs. C1 [Teitelbaum, Claire S.; Mueller, Thomas] Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Teitelbaum, Claire S.; Mueller, Thomas] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Biol Sci, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Teitelbaum, Claire S.; Fagan, William F.; Dressler, Gunnar; Mueller, Thomas] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Fleming, Chris H.; Calabrese, Justin M.; Leimgruber, Peter; Mueller, Thomas] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Teitelbaum, CS (reprint author), Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. EM claire.teitelbaum@gmail.com RI Calabrese, Justin/B-9131-2012; Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015 OI Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153 NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 12 U2 75 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 6 BP 545 EP 552 DI 10.1111/ele.12435 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH9SH UT WOS:000354376100006 PM 25865946 ER PT J AU Bohlman, SA AF Bohlman, Stephanie A. TI Species Diversity of Canopy Versus Understory Trees in a Neotropical Forest: Implications for Forest Structure, Function and Monitoring SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE species diversity; forest canopy; forest dynamics; crown layers; forest structure; stereophotographs; remote sensing; tropical forest ID TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; RADIATION REGIME; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; MORTALITY-RATES; MODELING BRF; PANAMA; DYNAMICS; GROWTH AB Species composition and diversity of the canopy layer of tropical forests have rarely been described, yet they are important to many aspects of ecosystem structure and function. Species composition was compared among canopy trees (defined as sun-exposed crowns), understory trees, trees a parts per thousand yen10-cm diameter at breast height (DBH), and the tree community as a whole in a Neotropical moist forest. High-resolution stereophotographs were used to map all individual canopy tree crowns in 8.6 ha of a 50-ha forest dynamics plot on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. The canopy was found to have high species diversity in relation to the understory and the whole forest. Only 5% of the stems were found in the canopy, but it contained 70% of the species. Diversity, standardized by stem count, for the canopy (a parts per thousand 135 species per 1000 trees) was higher than that of the forest as a whole (a parts per thousand 108 species per 1000 trees), and species composition was different between the two communities. Although only 50% of trees a parts per thousand yen10-cm DBH, the typical size range used in many forest inventories, were in the canopy, the species diversity and composition of the canopy and trees a parts per thousand yen10-cm DBH were nearly identical. The percentage of gap species in the canopy increased with tree size, providing evidence of the dynamic nature of the BCI forest. To the degree that tree function, such as carbon uptake and transpiration, vary among species, the rarified species richness of the canopy will generate high functional diversity at local-to-landscape scales. C1 [Bohlman, Stephanie A.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bohlman, Stephanie A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Bohlman, SA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM sbohlman@ufl.edu FU National Science Foundation; Center for Tropical Forest Science; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Mellon Foundation; Small World Institute Fund FX Richard Grotefendt of Grotefendt Photogrammetric Services took and processed the stereo photographs and assisted with crown digitizing. Andrew Hida provided much of the field work for the stereo photographs. The stereo photograph collection, field-truthing and analysis were supported under a NASA Earth Systems Science Fellowship and Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) research grant. The BCI forest dynamics research project was made possible by the National Science Foundation grants to Stephen P. Hubbell, and supports from the Center for Tropical Forest Science, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, the Small World Institute Fund, and numerous private individuals, and through the hard work of over 100 people from 10 countries over the last two decades. The plot project is part of CTFS, a global network of large-scale demographic tree plots. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JUN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 4 BP 658 EP 670 DI 10.1007/s10021-015-9854-0 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH6DM UT WOS:000354126300008 ER PT J AU Maire, V Wright, IJ Prentice, IC Batjes, NH Bhaskar, R van Bodegom, PM Cornwell, WK Ellsworth, D Niinemets, U Ordonez, A Reich, PB Santiago, LS AF Maire, Vincent Wright, Ian J. Prentice, I. Colin Batjes, Niels H. Bhaskar, Radika van Bodegom, Peter M. Cornwell, Will K. Ellsworth, David Niinemets, Uelo Ordonez, Alejandro Reich, Peter B. Santiago, Louis S. TI Global effects of soil and climate on leaf photosynthetic traits and rates SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Least-cost theory of photosynthesis; nitrogen; phosphorus; photosynthesis; plant functional traits; soil fertility; soil pH; stomatal conductance ID ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; NITROGEN; NUTRIENT; WATER; VARIABILITY; PHOSPHORUS; CARBON; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; PATTERNS AB AimThe influence of soil properties on photosynthetic traits in higher plants is poorly quantified in comparison with that of climate. We address this situation by quantifying the unique and joint contributions to global leaf-trait variation from soils and climate. LocationTerrestrial ecosystems world-wide. MethodsUsing a trait dataset comprising 1509 species from 288 sites, with climate and soil data derived from global datasets, we quantified the effects of 20 soil and 26 climate variables on light-saturated photosynthetic rate (A(area)), stomatal conductance (g(s)), leaf nitrogen and phosphorus (N-area and P-area) and specific leaf area (SLA) using mixed regression models and multivariate analyses. ResultsSoil variables were stronger predictors of leaf traits than climatic variables, except for SLA. On average, N-area, P-area and A(area) increased and SLA decreased with increasing soil pH and with increasing site aridity. g(s) declined and P-area increased with soil available P (P-avail). N-area was unrelated to total soil N. Joint effects of soil and climate dominated over their unique effects on N-area and P-area, while unique effects of soils dominated for A(area) and g(s). Path analysis indicated that variation in A(area) reflected the combined independent influences of N-area and g(s), the former promoted by high pH and aridity and the latter by low P-avail. Main conclusionsThree environmental variables were key for explaining variation in leaf traits: soil pH and P-avail, and the climatic moisture index (the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration). Although the reliability of global soil datasets lags behind that of climate datasets, our results nonetheless provide compelling evidence that both can be jointly used in broad-scale analyses, and that effects uniquely attributable to soil properties are important determinants of leaf photosynthetic traits and rates. A significant future challenge is to better disentangle the covarying physiological, ecological and evolutionary mechanisms that underpin trait-environment relationships. C1 [Maire, Vincent; Wright, Ian J.; Prentice, I. Colin] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Prentice, I. Colin] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, AXA Chair Biosphere & Climate Impacts Grand Chall, Ascot SL57PY, Berks, England. [Prentice, I. Colin] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Grantham Inst Climate Change & Environm, Dept Life Sci, Ascot SL57PY, Berks, England. [Batjes, Niels H.] ISRIC World Soil Informat, NL-6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bhaskar, Radika] Brown Univ, Environm Change Initiat, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [van Bodegom, Peter M.] Leiden Univ, Inst Environm Sci, NL-2333 CC Leiden, Netherlands. [Cornwell, Will K.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Ecol Sci, Dept Syst Ecol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Cornwell, Will K.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Ellsworth, David; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Niinemets, Uelo] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Agr & Environm Sci, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Ordonez, Alejandro] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Aarhus, Denmark. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Bot & Plant Sci Dept, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Maire, V (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. EM vmaire24@gmail.com RI Batjes, Niels/F-7195-2010; Wright, Ian/G-4979-2012; van Bodegom, Peter/N-8150-2015; Santiago, Louis/E-3185-2016; Niinemets, Ulo/A-3816-2008; OI Batjes, Niels/0000-0003-2367-3067; Wright, Ian/0000-0001-8338-9143; van Bodegom, Peter/0000-0003-0771-4500; Santiago, Louis/0000-0001-5994-6122; Niinemets, Ulo/0000-0002-3078-2192; Cornwell, Will/0000-0003-4080-4073; Ordonez, Alejandro/0000-0003-2873-4551 FU ARC [DP120103600, FT100100910]; Macquarie University FX We thank the many data contributors, including Claudia Keitel, Fernando Valladares and Margaret Barbour; Allyson Eller, Sean Gleason, Pedro Peres-Neto, Mark Westoby and the Wright lab for stimulating discussions; and Bjorn Reu and one anonymous referee who challenged us to clarify our analytical approach. The research was supported by ARC grants DP120103600 to I.C.P. and I.J.W. and FT100100910 to I.J.W., and by funding from Macquarie University. This paper is a contribution to the AXA Chair Programme in Biosphere and Climate Impacts and the Imperial College initiative on Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment. NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 21 U2 141 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 6 BP 706 EP 717 DI 10.1111/geb.12296 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA CH6BV UT WOS:000354121600010 ER PT J AU Tanpradit, N Comizzoli, P Srisuwatanasagul, S Chatdarong, K AF Tanpradit, Nae Comizzoli, Pierre Srisuwatanasagul, Sayamon Chatdarong, Kaywalee TI Positive impact of sucrose supplementation during slow freezing of cat ovarian tissues on cellular viability, follicle morphology, and DNA integrity SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Domestic cat; Connexin 43; Cryopreservation; Ovarian tissue; Vitrification; Sucrose ID CRYOPROTECTIVE AGENTS; PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES; VASCULAR PEDICLE; GAP-JUNCTIONS; HUMAN OOCYTES; WILD FELIDS; IN-SITU; CRYOPRESERVATION; PRESERVATION; CORTEX AB The objectives of the study were to (1) examine and optimize the impact of sucrose during slow freezing and (2) compare the results of two freezing methods (slow freezing and vitrification) on cellular viability (germinal and stromal cells), follicle morphology, DNA integrity, and gap junction protein expression (connexin 43 [Cx 43]). Different sucrose supplementations (0, 0.1, and 0.3 M) in standard freezing medium were compared before and after slow freezing. Ovarian tissue slow frozen using 0.1- (4.0 +/- 0.4) or 0.3-M sucrose (3.9 +/- 0.5) yielded better follicular viability (number of positive follicles per 0.0625 mm(2)) than the group without sucrose (1.9 +/- 0.2; P < 0.05). Morphologically normal primordial follicles were higher in the sucrose-treated groups (0.1 M, 47.4% and 0.3 M, 43.5%) than the group without sucrose (0 M, 33.8%; P < 0.05). Moreover, less apoptotic primordial follicles were found in both sucrose groups (0.1 M, 1.2% and 0.3 M, 1.9%) than the group without sucrose (7.7%; P < 0.05). However, their Cx 43 expression showed no difference among the groups of different sucrose concentrations. In terms of the freezing methods used, vitrified ovarian tissues had fewer viable follicles (3.2 +/- 0.6) than the slow-freezing method (4.6 +/- 0.6; P < 0.05). In addition, the slow freezing resulted in more postthawed morphologically normal primordial follicles (38.8% vs. 28.3%, P < 0.05) and less apoptotic primordial follicles (3.8% vs. 8.9%, P < 0.05) than vitrification. The Cx 43 expression showed no difference between slow freezing and vitrification. The present study reported the positive effects of sucrose supplementation and slow-freezing method on the follicular viability, follicular histologic appearances of follicles, and apoptosis of the follicles and stromal cells in cat ovarian tissues. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tanpradit, Nae; Chatdarong, Kaywalee] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod, Bangkok, Thailand. [Comizzoli, Pierre] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Washington, DC USA. [Srisuwatanasagul, Sayamon] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anat, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Chatdarong, K (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod, Bangkok, Thailand. EM kaywalee.c@chula.ac.th OI Chatdarong, Kaywalee/0000-0002-9470-8426 FU Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program [PHD/0199/2552]; 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund); Research Unit of Obstetrics and Reproduction in Animals, Chulalongkorn University FX Financial support for a part of this work was provided by the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program (PHD/0199/2552), the 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund), and Research Unit of Obstetrics and Reproduction in Animals, Chulalongkorn University. The authors would like to thank Division of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University; the Veterinary Public Health Division of the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Thailand, for providing cat ovaries; Asst. Prof. Dr Sukanya Manee-in for her technical assistance on immunohistochemical assessment; and Assc. Prof. Dr Padet Tummaruk for helping with statistical analysis. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X EI 1879-3231 J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD JUN PY 2015 VL 83 IS 9 BP 1553 EP 1561 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.01.035 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA CH3LE UT WOS:000353931400022 PM 25747194 ER PT J AU Dohm, JM Hare, TM Robbins, SJ Williams, JP Soare, RJ El-Maarry, MR Conway, SJ Buczkowski, DL Kargel, JS Banks, ME Fairen, AG Schulze-Makuch, D Komatsu, G Miyamoto, H Anderson, RC Davila, AF Mahaney, WC Fink, W Cleaves, KJ Yan, J Hynek, B Maruyama, S AF Dohm, J. M. Hare, T. M. Robbins, S. J. Williams, J. -P. Soare, R. J. El-Maarry, M. R. Conway, S. J. Buczkowski, D. L. Kargel, J. S. Banks, M. E. Fairen, A. G. Schulze-Makuch, D. Komatsu, G. Miyamoto, H. Anderson, R. C. Davila, A. F. Mahaney, W. C. Fink, W. Cleaves, K. J. Yan, J. Hynek, B. Maruyama, S. TI Geological and hydrological histories of the Argyre province, Mars SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars; Geological processes; Astrobiology; Tectonics ID SURFACE GROUND ICE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ANTARCTIC PALEOSOLS; VALLES MARINERIS; NORTHERN PLAINS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SLOPE STREAKS; IMPACT BASIN; EVOLUTION; SYSTEM AB The geologic history of the multi-ringed Argyre impact basin and surroundings has been reconstructed on the basis of geologic mapping and relative-age dating of rock materials and structures. The impact formed a primary basin, rim materials, and a complex basement structural fabric including faults and valleys that are radial and concentric about the primary basin, as well as structurally-controlled local basins. Since its formation, the basin has been a regional catchment for volatiles and sedimentary materials as well as a dominant influence on the flow of surface ice, debris flows, and groundwater through and over its basement structures. The basin is interpreted to have been occupied by lakes, including a possible Mediterranean-sized sea that formed in the aftermath of the Argyre impact event The hypothesized lakes froze and diminished through time, though liquid water may have remained beneath the ice cover and sedimentation may have continued for some time. At its deepest, the main Argyre lake may have taken more than a hundred thousand years to freeze to the bottom even absent any heat source besides the Sun, but with impact-induced hydrothermal heat, geothermal heat flow due to long-lived radioactivities in early martian history, and concentration of solutes in sub-ice brine, liquid water may have persisted beneath thick ice for many millions of years. Existence of an ice-covered sea perhaps was long enough for life to originate and evolve with gradually colder and more hypersaline conditions. The Argyre rock materials, diverse in origin and emplacement mechanisms, have been modified by impact, magmatic, eolian, fluvial, lacustrine, glacial, periglacial, alluvial, colluvial, and tectonic processes. Post-impact adjustment of part of the impact-generated basement structural fabric such as concentric faults is apparent. Distinct basin-stratigraphic units are interpreted to be linked to large-scale geologic activity far from the basin, including growth of the Tharsis magmatic-tectonic complex and the growth into southern middle latitudes of south polar ice sheets. Along with the migration of surface and sub-surface volatiles towards the central part of the primaiy basin, the substantial difference in elevation with respect to the surrounding highlands and Tharsis and the Thaumasia highlands result in the trapping of atmospheric volatiles within the basin in the form of fog and regional or local precipitation, even today. In addition, the impact event caused long-term (millions of years) hydrothermal activity, as well as deep-seated basement structures that have tapped the internal heat of Mars, as conduits, for far greater time, possibly even today. This possibility is raised by the observation of putative open-system pingos and nearby gullies that occur in linear depressions with accompanying systems of faults and fractures. Long-term water and heat energy enrichment, complemented by the interaction of the nutrient-enriched primordial crustal and mantle materials favorable to life excavated to the surface and near-surface environs through the Argyre impact event, has not only resulted in distinct geomorphology, but also makes the Argyre basin a potential site of exceptional astrobiological significance. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Dohm, J. M.; Miyamoto, H.] Univ Tokyo, Univ Museum, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Hare, T. M.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Robbins, S. J.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Williams, J. -P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth Planetary & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Soare, R. J.] Dawson Coll, Dept Geog, Montreal, PQ H3Z 1A4, Canada. [El-Maarry, M. R.] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Conway, S. J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Buczkowski, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Kargel, J. S.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Banks, M. E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Banks, M. E.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Fairen, A. G.] Ctr Astrobiol, Dept Planetol & Habitabil, Madrid 28850, Spain. [Fairen, A. G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schulze-Makuch, D.] Tech Univ Berlin, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Komatsu, G.] Univ Annunzio, Int Res Sch Planetary Sci, I-65421 Pescara, Italy. [Anderson, R. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Davila, A. F.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Mahaney, W. C.] Quaternary Surveys, Thornhill, ON L4J 1J4, Canada. [Fink, W.] Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Cleaves, K. J.; Maruyama, S.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Earth Life Sci Inst, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Cleaves, K. J.] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Yan, J.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, RISE Project Off, Oshu 0230861, Japan. [Hynek, B.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys & Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Dohm, JM (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Univ Museum, Bunkyo Ku, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. EM jmd@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp RI Williams, Jean-Pierre/C-3531-2009; Komatsu, Goro/I-7822-2012; Miyamoto, Hideaki/B-9666-2008; Maruyama, Shigenori/C-8288-2009; OI Williams, Jean-Pierre/0000-0003-4163-2760; Komatsu, Goro/0000-0003-4155-108X; Conway, Susan/0000-0002-0577-2312; EL-MAARRY, MOHAMED RAMY/0000-0002-8262-0320; Hare, Trent/0000-0001-8842-389X; Schulze-Makuch, Dirk/0000-0002-1923-9746; Cleaves, Henderson/0000-0003-4101-0654 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Planetary Geology & Geophysics Program; Tokyo Dome Corporation; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), ERC [307496] FX J.M. Dohm was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Planetary Geology & Geophysics Program. Professors Dohm and Miyamoto express their gratitude to the Tokyo Dome Corporation for their support of the TeNQ exhibit and the branch of Space Exploration Education & Discovery, the University Museum, the University of Tokyo. Work by A.G. Fairen was supported by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013), ERC Grant agreement No. 307496. We are grateful for the thoughtful reviews by T. Ohman and an anonymous reviewer which ultimately resulted in an improved manuscript. NR 195 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 42 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JUN PY 2015 VL 253 BP 66 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.02.017 PG 33 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH1BD UT WOS:000353755200007 ER PT J AU Pfaller, JB Alfaro-Shigueto, J Giffoni, B Ishihara, T Mangel, JC Peckham, SH Bjorndal, KA Baeza, JA AF Pfaller, Joseph B. Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna Giffoni, Bruno Ishihara, Takashi Mangel, Jeffrey C. Peckham, S. Hoyt Bjorndal, Karen A. Antonio Baeza, J. TI Social monogamy in the crab Planes major, a facultative symbiont of loggerhead sea turtles (vol 461, pg 124, 2014) SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Pfaller, Joseph B.; Bjorndal, Karen A.] Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pfaller, Joseph B.; Bjorndal, Karen A.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pfaller, Joseph B.] Caretta Res Project, Savannah, GA 31412 USA. [Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Mangel, Jeffrey C.] ProDelphinus, Lima 18, Peru. [Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Mangel, Jeffrey C.] Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England. [Giffoni, Bruno] Fundacao Pro TAMAR, BR-11680000 Ubatuba, SP, Brazil. [Ishihara, Takashi] Sea Turtle Assoc Japan, Osaka, Japan. [Ishihara, Takashi] Suma Aqualife Pk, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Peckham, S. Hoyt] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Univ Catolica Norte, Fac Ciencias Mar, Dept Biol Marina, Coquimbo, Chile. RP Pfaller, JB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jpfaller@ufl.edu; jas_26@yahoo.com; bruno@tamar.org.br; ishihara@umigame.org; jeffrey_mangel@yahoo.com; hoyt@propeninsula.org; bjorndal@ufl.edu; baeza.antonio@gmail.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 467 BP 121 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.03.001 PG 1 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CH0WR UT WOS:000353743600016 ER PT J AU Kim, C Deng, T Wen, J Nie, ZL Sun, H AF Kim, Changkyun Deng, Tao Wen, Jun Nie, Ze-Long Sun, Hang TI Systematics, biogeography, and character evolution of Deutzia (Hydrangeaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Biogeography; Character evolution; Dating analysis; Deutzia; Molecular phylogeny; Infrageneric classification ID QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; COMPARATIVE ANATOMY; MORPHOLOGICAL DATA; EARLY MIOCENE; RBCL; DIVERSIFICATION; SAXIFRAGACEAE; CORNALES AB The genus Deutzia (Hydrangeaceae), containing ca. 60 species circumscribed in three sections, is disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia and Central America (Mexico). Although the genus is well delimited, its subdivisions into sections and series have not been the subject of an explicit test of monophyly based on molecular data. A comprehensive examination of the evolutionary relationships within the genus is thus still lacking. We present a fossil-calibrated, molecular phylogeny of Deutzia based on two nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS and 26S) and three chloroplast DNA regions (matK, rbcL, and trnL-F intergenic spacer). Within this framework, we examine character evolution in petal arrangement, filament shape, and the number of stamens, and infer the ancestral area and biogeographic history of the genus. Our molecular phylogeny suggests that Deutzia is monophyletic. Two major clades are recovered: one composed of the species of sect. Neodeutzia from Mexico, and the other containing all remaining Deutzia species of sections Mesodeutzia and Deutzia from SW China and Northeast Asia. The latter two Asian sections were each revealed to be polyphyletic. The induplicate petals, 2-dentate filaments, and polystemonous androecia are inferred to be ancestral character states. Biogeographic reconstructions suggest a Northeast Asian origin for the genus and subsequent spread to Mexico during the Oligocene and to SW China during the Miocene. Based on our results, a new infrageneric classification of Deutzia inferred from molecular phylogeny is required. We propose to merge sections Mesodeutzia and Deutzia to ensure the monophyly at the sectional level. Cooling trends during the Oligocene resulted in isolation, separating eastern Asian and Mexican taxa, while the warm period during the middle Miocene stimulated the diversification from Northeast Asia to SW China. The uplift in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and monsoon regimes are important in promoting high species diversification of Deutzia in SW China. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Changkyun; Deng, Tao; Nie, Ze-Long; Sun, Hang] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Biodivers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Deng, Tao] Yunnan Univ, Sch Life Sci, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. [Deng, Tao] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, MRC 166, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Sun, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Biodivers & Biogeog East Asia, 132 Lanhei Rd, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM hsun@mail.kib.ac.cn FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB03030112]; Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [2011312D11022]; Yunnan Natural Science Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1136601, 31129001]; CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS [Y0205111L1] FX The authors thank the following people and institutions that helped with field collections or provision of plant material: D.E. Boufford (Harvard University), H.-K. Choi and Y.I. Ryu (Ajou University), D.G. Zhang and Y. Chen (Jishou University), J.W. Zhang, X. Li, Y. Niu, Q, Wang, and B. Yang (Kunming Institute of Botany), Ajou University (AJOU), New York Botanical Garden (NY), Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (PE), and the US National Herbarium of Smithsonian Institution (US). This work was supported by grants from the research program for "Strategic Priority Research Program (B)" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant no. XDB03030112), Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2011312D11022), Yunnan Natural Science Foundation and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1136601 and No. 31129001), and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams to H. Sun and Postdoctoral Scholar, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS (No. Y0205111L1) to C. Kim. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 87 BP 91 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.002 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CG5XH UT WOS:000353368700008 PM 25776523 ER PT J AU Hammer, TJ Van Bael, SA AF Hammer, Tobin J. Van Bael, Sunshine A. TI An endophyte-rich diet increases ant predation on a specialist herbivorous insect SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acromis sparsa; Azteca lacrymosa; endophytic fungi; insect herbivory; Merremia umbellata; multitrophic interactions ID TROPICAL FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; LARVAL TORTOISE BEETLE; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; SHIELD DEFENSE; TALL FESCUE; PLANT; GRASSES; FOLIAR; PARASITOIDS; COMMUNITIES AB 1. All plants form symbioses with microfungi, known as endophytes, which live within plant tissues. Numerous studies have documented endophyte-herbivore antagonism in grass systems, but plant-endophyte-insect interactions are highly variable for forbs and woody plants. 2. The net effect of endophytes on insect herbivory may be modified by their interactions with higher trophic levels, such as predators. Including these multitrophic dynamics may explain some of the variability among endophyte studies of non-grass plants, which are currently based exclusively on bitrophic studies. 3. The abundance of natural foliar endophytes in a Neotropical vine was manipulated and beetles were fed high or low endophyte diets. Experimental assays assessed whether dietary endophyte load affected beetle growth, leaf consumption, and susceptibility to ant predation. 4. Beetles feeding on high- versus low-endophyte plants had almost identical growth and leaf consumption rates. 5. In a field bioassay, however, it was discovered that feeding on an endophyte-rich diet increased a beetle's odds of capture by predatory ants nine-fold. 6. Endophytes could thus provide an indirect, enemy-mediated form of plant defence that operates even against specialist herbivores. We argue that a multitrophic approach is necessary to untangle the potentially diverse types of endophyte defence among plants. C1 [Hammer, Tobin J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hammer, Tobin J.; Van Bael, Sunshine A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado, Panama. [Van Bael, Sunshine A.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Van Bael, SA (reprint author), Tulane Univ, 6823 St Charles Ave,Boggs Suite 400, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM svanbael@tulane.edu FU STRI short-term fellowship; [NSF-DEB-0949602] FX We would like to thank the staff of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for logistical support, and F. Vencl and D. Windsor for invaluable advice on study design. We also gratefully acknowledge A. Trillo and W. Wagoner for their assistance with beetle collection and husbandry. M. Grant gave feedback on statistical analyses, and P. Mason and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Funding sources included a STRI short-term fellowship to TJH and NSF-DEB-0949602 to SAV. Permission to do this research was granted by the Environmental authority (ANAM) of Panama. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6946 EI 1365-2311 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 40 IS 3 BP 316 EP 321 DI 10.1111/een.12186 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CF8GM UT WOS:000352794200014 ER PT J AU Cheng, RC Kuntner, M AF Cheng, Ren-Chung Kuntner, Matjaz TI Disentangling the Size and Shape Components of Sexual Dimorphism SO EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Sexual shape dimorphism; Sexual size dimorphism; Abdominal shape; Sexual selection; Intraspecific niche divergence; Spiders ID BODY SHAPE; GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PODARCIS LIZARDS; WEB DECORATIONS; SPIDERS ARANEAE; BILL SIZE; EVOLUTION; SELECTION AB Many organisms are sexually dimorphic, reflecting sex-specific selection pressures. But although sexual dimorphism may consist of different variables from size to shape and physiology, most research emphasizes a single aspect of sexual dimorphism, notably size, without specifying its components and their relationship. Among terrestrial animals, spiders exhibit most extreme sex-specific differences in size and abdominal shape, and therefore represent ideal models to address this question. Here, we dissect sexual dimorphism in spiders at two phylogenetic hierarchical levels. At the species level, we employ comparative phylogenetic tests to explore the association between sexual shape dimorphism (SShD) and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in the orbweb clade Argiopinae. At the genus level, we then explore such patterns on a phylogeny of orb weavers (Araneoidea). Female argiopines had more diverse abdominal morphotypes than the males and the abdominal shape evolution was only poorly correlated between the sexes. Phylogenetic and comparative data suggested that evolution of SShD in argiopines was related to geographic history, but that sexually shape monomorphic cases arose through selection for male size, perhaps acting against fecundity selection. While in argiopines there was no clear association between SShD and SSD, we detected a significant correlation in all orb weavers at the genus level. The shape and the size components of sexual dimorphism may thus respond independently to selection pressures, but at certain phylogenetic levels SSD may be a prerequisite for SShD. Research on other animal groups is needed to establish whether the here detected patterns on spiders are general. C1 [Cheng, Ren-Chung; Kuntner, Matjaz] Biol Inst ZRC SAZU, Evolutionary Zool Lab, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, Coll Life Sci, Ctr Behav Ecol & Evolut, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Cheng, RC (reprint author), Biol Inst ZRC SAZU, Evolutionary Zool Lab, Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM bolasargiope@gmail.com; kuntner@gmail.com FU Slovenian Research Agency [P1-10236] FX We thank D. Li, J. Schneider, X. Xu, I. Agnarsson, I. M. Tso, P. Jager, W. Chotwong, J. P. Huang, C. P. Lin, Y. C. Su, V. Settepani, S. Huber, M. Gregoric., G. Uhl, E. A. Yagmur, M. A. Herberstein, and J. N. Huang for their help with material for size measurement and molecular work. We also thank C. P. Liao for helping on statistics and EZ Lab members for various support: N. Vidergar, T. Lokovsek and S. Kralj-Fiser. Our paper was independently reviewed by Axios Review, and we thank Tim Vines, Matthew Symonds and three anonymous reviewers for their feedback. This work was supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (P1-10236 to MK and a Young Researcher fellowship to RCC). NR 77 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 11 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0071-3260 EI 1934-2845 J9 EVOL BIOL JI Evol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2015 VL 42 IS 2 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.1007/s11692-015-9313-z PG 12 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA CF8OE UT WOS:000352820600010 ER PT J AU Villarreal-Trevino, C Vasquez, GM Lopez-Sifuentes, VM Escobedo-Vargas, K Huayanay-Repetto, A Linton, YM Flores-Mendoza, C Lescano, AG Stell, FM AF Villarreal-Trevino, Cuauhtemoc Vasquez, Gissella M. Lopez-Sifuentes, Victor M. Escobedo-Vargas, Karin Huayanay-Repetto, Anibal Linton, Yvonne-Marie Flores-Mendoza, Carmen Lescano, Andres G. Stell, Frederick M. TI Establishment of a free-mating, long-standing and highly productive laboratory colony of Anopheles darlingi from the Peruvian Amazon SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Anopheles darlingi; Colony establishment; Natural copulation induction; Larval rearing; Amazon basin; Peru; Malaria vector ID NEOTROPICAL MALARIA VECTOR; PLASMODIUM-VIVAX; BODY-SIZE; BRAZIL; COLONIZATION; TRANSMISSION; CULICIDAE; FECUNDITY; DIPTERA; AREA AB Background: Anopheles darlingi is the main malaria vector in the Amazon region and is among the most efficient malaria vectors worldwide. However, due to the lack of a well-established laboratory colony, key control-relevant aspects of the bionomics, behaviour, genetics, and vector-parasite relationships of An. darlingi remain unknown. Here, biological parameters that had been successful in initiating other Anopheles colonies were optimized and improved for An. darlingi, with the aim of establish a free-mating, stable, and highly productive laboratory colony. Methods: Wild An. darlingi adult females were field collected from Zungarococha, Loreto Department, Peru (03 degrees 49' 32.40 '' S, 73 degrees 21'00.08 '' W), and taken to the NAMRU-6 Insectary in Iquitos where F-1 offspring were produced and reared. Natural copulation was successfully induced in F1 adults under a thermoperiod of 30 +/- 1 degrees C during the day and 25 +/- 1 degrees C at night, and with a 30-min LED light stimulation period at dusk. Oviposition success was enhanced using egg-laying containers with a dark-coloured surface. Larval feeding regimes were standardized for optimal larval development. Optimized copulation induction methods were used to facilitate mating in An. darlingi until the F-10 generation. No copulation induction assistance was needed in subsequent generations. Results: In 19 generations, the An. darlingi colony produced a total of 763,775 eggs; 441,124 larvae; 248,041 pupae; and 231,591 adults. A mean of 0.56 sexual encounters/female/cage (n = 36 cages) was recorded across the first ten generations (F-1-F-10). A mean insemination rate of 54.7 % (n = 5,907 females) ranging from 43.6 % (F-2) to 66.6 % (F-10) was recorded across nine generations (F-2-F-10). Free-mating was casually observed in the F-8 generation, and subsequently confirmed in the F-9 and F-10 generations; comparable insemination rates and egg laying between stimulated (51.6 %, 12.9 eggs/female), and non-stimulated (52.3 %, 11.2 eggs/female) females were recorded. The time from egg to adult development ranged from 10 to 20 days. Moreover, the colony was relocated to a new laboratory within Iquitos in the F-14 generation without any noted changes in its productivity. By March 2015, the An. darlingi colony has been successfully reared to the F-26 generation. Conclusions: This constitutes the first report of a free-mating, highly productive, and long-standing An. darlingi laboratory colony established through natural copulation induction, which will support critical malaria research. This rearing methodology may be a transferable, cost-effective alternative to labour-intensive forced mating practices widely used in maintaining other Anopheles colonies. C1 [Villarreal-Trevino, Cuauhtemoc] US Naval Med Res Unit 6 NAMRU 6, Dept Entomol, Bellavista, Callao, Peru. [Vasquez, Gissella M.; Lopez-Sifuentes, Victor M.; Escobedo-Vargas, Karin; Huayanay-Repetto, Anibal; Flores-Mendoza, Carmen; Stell, Frederick M.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Dept Entomol, Bellavista, Callao, Peru. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Suitland, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Lescano, Andres G.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6, Dept Parasitol, Bellavista, Callao, Peru. RP Vasquez, GM (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 6 NAMRU 6, Dept Entomol, Bellavista, Callao, Peru. EM gissella.vasquez@med.navy.mil RI Lescano, Andres/B-8479-2008 OI Lescano, Andres/0000-0001-9779-633X FU Contrato de Acceso Marco a Recursos Geneticos [0017-2014-MINAGRI-DGFFS/DGEFFS]; Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (AFHSC/GEIS) of the U.S. Department of Defense sustainment funding award; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) Mexico [CB2008-105806-M]; Fogarty International Center of the U.S. National Institutes of Health [2D43 TW007393-06]; National Research Council (NRC) Research Associate Program FX We would like to thank the Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego de Peru, Direccion General Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre, and the Direccion de Salud, Gobierno Regional de Loreto for permission to conduct these studies: Anopheles darlingi collections in Loreto were conducted under the auspices of Resolucion Directoral No. 0406-2013-MINAGRI-DGFFS/DGEFFS; An. darlingi molecular identification was conducted under the auspices of Contrato de Acceso Marco a Recursos Geneticos No. 0017-2014-MINAGRI-DGFFS/DGEFFS. We would like to thank Fanny Castro, Geidin Chavez, Hugo Jaba, Luz Romero, Miguel Vasquez, and Alex Vasquez for technical support. Additionally, we would like to thank Dr. Craig Stoops for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. Financial support was provided by the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (AFHSC/GEIS) of the U.S. Department of Defense sustainment funding award (FMS, GMV), the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) Mexico, grant CB2008-105806-M (CVT), and by the training grant 2D43 TW007393-06 awarded to NAMRU-6 by the Fogarty International Center of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. YML was supported by the National Research Council (NRC) Research Associate Program. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 30 PY 2015 VL 14 AR 227 DI 10.1186/s12936-015-0733-0 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA CK4UZ UT WOS:000356220100001 PM 26024853 ER PT J AU Loi, ST Murphy, T Cairns, IH Menk, FW Waters, CL Erickson, PJ Trott, CM Hurley-Walker, N Morgan, J Lenc, E Offringa, AR Bell, ME Ekers, RD Gaensler, BM Lonsdale, CJ Feng, L Hancock, PJ Kaplan, DL Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Deshpande, AA Greenhill, LJ Hazelton, BJ Johnston-Hollitt, M McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Oberoi, D Ord, SM Prabu, T Shankar, NU Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Tingay, SJ Wayth, RB Webster, RL Williams, A Williams, CL AF Loi, Shyeh Tjing Murphy, Tara Cairns, Iver H. Menk, Frederick W. Waters, Colin L. Erickson, Philip J. Trott, Cathryn M. Hurley-Walker, Natasha Morgan, John Lenc, Emil Offringa, Andre R. Bell, Martin E. Ekers, Ronald D. Gaensler, B. M. Lonsdale, Colin J. Feng, Lu Hancock, Paul J. Kaplan, David L. Bernardi, G. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Deshpande, A. A. Greenhill, L. J. Hazelton, B. J. Johnston-Hollitt, M. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Oberoi, D. Ord, S. M. Prabu, T. Shankar, N. Udaya Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Tingay, S. J. Wayth, R. B. Webster, R. L. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. TI Real-time imaging of density ducts between the plasmasphere and ionosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Murchison Widefield Array; radio telescope; field aligned; whistler duct; ionosphere ID VLA RADIO INTERFEROMETER; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; IRREGULARITIES; PROPAGATION; SIGNALS; CLUSTER; ARRAY AB Ionization of the Earth's atmosphere by sunlight forms a complex, multilayered plasma environment within the Earth's magnetosphere, the innermost layers being the ionosphere and plasmasphere. The plasmasphere is believed to be embedded with cylindrical density structures (ducts) aligned along the Earth's magnetic field, but direct evidence for these remains scarce. Here we report the first direct wide-angle observation of an extensive array of field-aligned ducts bridging the upper ionosphere and inner plasmasphere, using a novel ground-based imaging technique. We establish their heights and motions by feature tracking and parallax analysis. The structures are strikingly organized, appearing as regularly spaced, alternating tubes of overdensities and underdensities strongly aligned with the Earth's magnetic field. These findings represent the first direct visual evidence for the existence of such structures. C1 [Loi, Shyeh Tjing; Murphy, Tara; Cairns, Iver H.; Lenc, Emil; Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Loi, Shyeh Tjing; Murphy, Tara; Trott, Cathryn M.; Lenc, Emil; Offringa, Andre R.; Bell, Martin E.; Gaensler, B. M.; Hancock, Paul J.; Briggs, F.; Mitchell, D. A.; Ord, S. M.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Webster, R. L.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys, Redfern, NSW, Australia. [Menk, Frederick W.; Waters, Colin L.] Univ Newcastle, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. [Erickson, Philip J.; Lonsdale, Colin J.; Cappallo, R. J.; McWhirter, S. R.] MIT Haystack Observ, Westford, MA USA. [Trott, Cathryn M.; Hurley-Walker, Natasha; Morgan, John; Hancock, Paul J.; Ord, S. M.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA, Australia. [Offringa, Andre R.; Briggs, F.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Offringa, Andre R.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Bell, Martin E.; Ekers, Ronald D.; Mitchell, D. A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW, Australia. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Feng, Lu; Morgan, E.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kaplan, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Bernardi, G.] Square Kilometre Array South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bowman, J. D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Deshpande, A. A.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Webster, R. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. RP Loi, ST (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM sloi5113@uni.sydney.edu.au RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Trott, Cathryn/B-5325-2013; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/B-9520-2013; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; OI Hancock, Paul/0000-0002-4203-2946; Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Lenc, Emil/0000-0002-9994-1593; Trott, Cathryn/0000-0001-6324-1766; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/0000-0002-5119-4808; Loi, Shyeh Tjing/0000-0002-6528-4548; Murphy, Tara/0000-0002-2686-438X; Cairns, Iver/0000-0001-6978-9765; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884, AST-1412421]; Australian Research Council (LIEF) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development [MED-E1799]; Victoria University of Wellington from the IBM; Australian Federal government via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund; Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; Western Australian State government FX The data supporting this paper are available upon request submitted via email to the corresponding author at sloi5113@uni.sydney.edu.au. This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884, and AST-1412421), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. We thank D. B. Melrose for discussions regarding physical interpretations. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 10 BP 3707 EP 3714 DI 10.1002/2015GL063699 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CL0KJ UT WOS:000356631300011 ER PT J AU Watters, TR Selvans, MM Banks, ME Hauck, SA Becker, KJ Robinson, MS AF Watters, Thomas R. Selvans, Michelle M. Banks, Maria E. Hauck, Steven A., II Becker, Kris J. Robinson, Mark S. TI Distribution of large-scale contractional tectonic landforms on Mercury: Implications for the origin of global stresses SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Mercury; tectonics; thrust fault; stress ID LOBATE SCARPS; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; WRINKLE RIDGES; MESSENGER; EVOLUTION; TOPOGRAPHY; HEMISPHERE; MANTLE; FAULTS; BASIN AB The surface of Mercury is dominated by contractional tectonic landforms that are evidence of global-scale crustal deformation. Using MESSENGER orbital high-incidence angle imaging and topographic data, large-scale lobate thrust fault scarps have been mapped globally. The spatial distribution and areal density of the contractional landforms are not uniform; concentrations occur in longitudinal bands and between the north and south hemispheres. Their orientations are generally north-south at low latitude to midlatitude and east-west at high latitudes. The spatial distribution and distribution of orientations of these large-scale contractional features suggest that planet-wide contraction due to interior cooling cannot be the sole source of global stresses. The nonrandom orientations are best explained by a combination of stresses from global contraction and tidal despinning combined with an equator-to-pole variation in lithospheric thickness, while the nonuniform areal density of the contractional features may indicate the influence of mantle downwelling or heterogeneities in lithospheric strength. C1 [Watters, Thomas R.; Selvans, Michelle M.; Banks, Maria E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Hauck, Steven A., II] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Becker, Kris J.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Robinson, Mark S.] Arizona State Univ Tempe, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Watters, TR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM watterst@si.edu OI Hauck, Steven/0000-0001-8245-146X FU NASA [NNX07AR60G] FX We thank W.B. McKinnon and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that greatly improved the manuscript. We also thank S.C. Solomon, P.K. Byrne, and C. Klimczak for helpful suggestion on an early manuscript. We are grateful to the MESSENGER engineers and technical support personnel at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. This work is also supported by NASA grant NNX07AR60G. Data used to produce the results of this paper can be obtained upon request from the first author. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 10 BP 3755 EP 3763 DI 10.1002/2015GL063570 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CL0KJ UT WOS:000356631300017 ER PT J AU Myers, CG Oster, JL Sharp, WD Bennartz, R Kelley, NP Covey, AK Breitenbach, SFM AF Myers, Christopher G. Oster, Jessica L. Sharp, Warren D. Bennartz, Ralf Kelley, Neil P. Covey, Aaron K. Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M. TI Northeast Indian stalagmite records Pacific decadal climate change: Implications for moisture transport and drought in India SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE speleothem; oxygen isotopes; El Nino; Indian monsoon; PDO; NPGO ID EL-NINO; SUMMER MONSOON; ENSO; RAINFALL; FAILURE; OCEAN; WATER AB Two types of El Nino events are distinguished by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies centered in the central or eastern equatorial Pacific. The Central Pacific El Nino events (CP-El Nino) are more highly correlated with weakening of the central Indian Summer Monsoon and linked to decadal Pacific climate variability. We present a 50year, subannually resolved speleothem O-18 record from northeast India that exhibits a significant correlation with northern Pacific decadal variability and central equatorial Pacific SSTs. Accordingly, we suggest that O-18 time series in similar northeast Indian speleothems are effective tools for investigating preinstrumental changes in Pacific climate, including changes in El Nino dynamics. In contrast to central India, rainfall amounts in northeast India are relatively unaffected by El Nino. However, back trajectory analysis indicates that during CP-El Nino events moisture transport distance to northeast India is reduced, suggesting that variations in moisture transport primarily control O-18 in the region. C1 [Myers, Christopher G.; Oster, Jessica L.; Bennartz, Ralf; Covey, Aaron K.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Sharp, Warren D.] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA. [Kelley, Neil P.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Breitenbach, Sebastian F. M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. RP Oster, JL (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM jessica.l.oster@vanderbilt.edu RI Breitenbach, Sebastian/C-2529-2014; OI Oster, Jessica/0000-0002-1780-2435 FU BanglaPIRE project [NSF OISE-0968354]; Vanderbilt International Office; Cave Research Foundation; Geological Society of America; Schweizer National Fond (SNF), Sinergia grant [CRSI22 132646/1] FX Kaplan SST V2 data provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD from http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. Data from this study will be archived at the NOAA National Climatic Data Center (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data). This work was supported through the BanglaPIRE project (NSF OISE-0968354), an award from the Vanderbilt International Office to JLO and SFMB, and awards from the Cave Research Foundation and the Geological Society of America to CGM. SFMB received financial support from the Schweizer National Fond (SNF), Sinergia grant CRSI22 132646/1. We thank Steven Goodbred, Gregory Diengdoh, and Brian Kharpran Daly for support during fieldwork, David Furbish and Tyler Doane for assistance with wavelets, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 10 BP 4124 EP 4132 DI 10.1002/2015GL063826 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CL0KJ UT WOS:000356631300062 ER PT J AU Shen, G Stancil, PC Wang, JG McCann, JF McLaughlin, BM AF Shen, G. Stancil, P. C. Wang, J. G. McCann, J. F. McLaughlin, B. M. TI Radiative charge transfer in cold and ultracold sulphur atoms colliding with protons SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ultracold collisions; radiative loss; rate coefficients ID COLLISIONS; SH+; ASSOCIATION; ABSORPTION; CHEMISTRY; IONS; H+ AB Radiative decay processes at cold and ultra cold temperatures for sulfur atoms colliding with protons are investigated. The MOLPRO quantum chemistry suite of codes was used to obtain accurate potential energies and transition dipole moments, as a function of internuclear distance, between low-lying states of the SH+ molecular cation. A multi-reference configuration-interaction approximation together with the Davidson correction is used to determine the potential energy curves and transition dipole moments, between the states of interest, where the molecular orbitals are obtained from state-averaged multi-configuration-self-consistent field calculations. The collision problem is solved approximately using an optical potential method to obtain radiative loss, and a fully two-channel quantum approach for radiative charge transfer. Cross sections and rate coefficients are determined for the first time for temperatures ranging from 10 mu K up to 10 000 K. Results are obtained for all isotopes of sulfur, colliding with H+ and D+ ions and comparison is made to a number of other collision systems. C1 [Shen, G.; Stancil, P. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shen, G.; Stancil, P. C.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Simulat Phys, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shen, G.; Wang, J. G.] Inst Appl Phys & Computat Math, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China. [McCann, J. F.; McLaughlin, B. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, CTAMOP, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Shen, G (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM stancil@physast.uga.edu; b.mclaughlin@qub.ac.uk FU NASA [NNX09AC46G]; Queen's University Belfast; US National Science Foundation FX GS acknowledges travel support by the International Cooperation and Exchange Foundation of CAEP. PCS acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX09AC46G. The hospitality of the University of Georgia at Athens is gratefully acknowledged by B MMcL during recent research visits. B MMcL also thanks Queen's University Belfast for the award of a Visiting Research Fellowship (VRF). PCS and BMMcL thank the US National Science Foundation under the visitors program through a grant to ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Grants of computational time at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, CA, USA and at the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) of the University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany are gratefully acknowledged. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 10 AR 105203 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/48/10/105203 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CG5KD UT WOS:000353329500009 ER PT J AU Testa, P Saar, SH Drake, JJ AF Testa, Paola Saar, Steven H. Drake, Jeremy J. TI Stellar activity and coronal heating: an overview of recent results SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE solar corona; magnetic activity; X-ray activity; chromospheric activity; solar-stellar connection ID X-RAY-EMISSION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; ACTIVITY-ROTATION RELATIONSHIP; SCALE MAGNETIC TOPOLOGIES; CA-II EMISSION; NON-WKB MODELS; COOL STARS; M-DWARFS; DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION AB Observations of the coronae of the Sun and of solar-like stars provide complementary information to advance our understanding of stellar magnetic activity, and of the processes leading to the heating of their outer atmospheres. While solar observations allow us to study the corona at high spatial and temporal resolution, the study of stellar coronae allows us to probe stellar activity over a wide range of ages and stellar parameters. Stellar studies therefore provide us with additional tools for understanding coronal heating processes, as well as the long-term evolution of solar X-ray activity. We discuss how recent studies of stellar magnetic fields and coronae contribute to our understanding of the phenomenon of activity and coronal heating in late-type stars. C1 [Testa, Paola; Saar, Steven H.; Drake, Jeremy J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Testa, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ptesta@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNX10AF29G, NNM07AB07C]; Chandra grant [GO1-12036X]; Lockheed-Martin [SP02H1701R] FX This work was supported by NASA under grant no. NNX10AF29G, contract no. NNM07AB07C, to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Chandra grant no. GO1-12036X and contract SP02H1701R from Lockheed-Martin to S.A.O. NR 161 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X EI 1471-2962 J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD MAY 28 PY 2015 VL 373 IS 2042 AR UNSP 20140259 DI 10.1098/rsta.2014.0259 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG5BL UT WOS:000353304600003 ER PT J AU Siebert, S Goetz, FE Church, SH Bhattacharyya, P Zapata, F Haddock, SHD Dunn, CW AF Siebert, Stefan Goetz, Freya E. Church, Samuel H. Bhattacharyya, Pathikrit Zapata, Felipe Haddock, Steven H. D. Dunn, Casey W. TI Stem cells in Nanomia bijuga (Siphonophora), a colonial animal with localized growth zones SO EVODEVO LA English DT Article DE Siphonophora; Nanomia bijuga; Growth zone; Interstitial stem cell; i-cell ID PHYSONECTID SIPHONOPHORES; INTERSTITIAL-CELLS; HYDRA-ATTENUATA; SOMATIC-CELLS; GERM-LINE; DIFFERENTIATION; CNIDARIAN; HYDROZOA; HYDRACTINIA; EVOLUTION AB Background: Siphonophores (Hydrozoa) have unparalleled colony-level complexity, precision of colony organization, and functional specialization between zooids (i.e., the units that make up colonies). Previous work has shown that, unlike other colonial animals, most growth in siphonophores is restricted to one or two well-defined growth zones that are the sites of both elongation and zooid budding. It remained unknown, however, how this unique colony growth and development is realized at the cellular level. Results: To understand the colony-level growth and development of siphonophores at the cellular level, we characterize the distribution of proliferating cells and interstitial stem cells (i-cells) in the siphonophore Nanomia bijuga. Within the colony, we find evidence that i-cells are present at the tip of the horn, the structure within the growth zone that gives rise to new zooids. Co-localized gene expression of vasa-1, pl10, piwi, nanos-1, and nanos-2 suggests that i-cells persist in the youngest zooid buds and that i-cells become progressively restricted to specific regions within the zooids until they are mostly absent from the oldest zooids. The examined genes remain expressed in gametogenic regions. No evidence for i-cells is found in the stem between maturing zooids. Domains of high cell proliferation include regions where the examined genes are expressed, but also include some areas in which the examined genes were not expressed such as the stem within the growth zones. Cell proliferation in regions devoid of vasa-1, pl10, piwi, nanos-1, and nanos-2 expression indicates the presence of mitotically active epithelial cell lineages and, potentially, progenitor cell populations. Conclusions: We provide the first evidence for i-cells in a siphonophore. Our findings suggest maintenance of i-cell populations at the sites of growth zones and that these sites are the main source of i-cells. This restriction of stem cells to particular regions in the colony, in combination with localized budding and spatial patterning during pro-bud subdivision, may play a major role in facilitating the precision of siphonophore growth. Spatially restricted maintenance of i-cells in mature zooids and absence of i-cells along the stem may explain the reduced developmental plasticity in older parts of the colony. C1 [Siebert, Stefan; Church, Samuel H.; Bhattacharyya, Pathikrit; Zapata, Felipe; Dunn, Casey W.] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Goetz, Freya E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Haddock, Steven H. D.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. RP Siebert, S (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 80 Waterman St Box GW, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM stefan_siebert@brown.edu OI Zapata, Felipe/0000-0002-9386-0573; Dunn, Casey/0000-0003-0628-5150 FU NSF EPSCoR [EPS1004057]; State of Rhode Island; US National Science Foundation [1256695]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; US National Science Foundation (Alan T. Waterman Award) FX We thank Leo W. Buss and Uri Frank for critical feedback on a preprint version of the manuscript. SS and CWD thank Claudia Mills for informing us about high abundances of Nanomia bijuga at Friday Harbor Labs (FHL), San Juan Island, WA, and Billie Swalla for hosting SS at her lab. We thank members of the Dunn lab for discussion and feedback on the manuscript, in particular Catriona Munro. We also thank the MBARI crews and ROV pilots for collection of N. bijuga specimens. Computational work was conducted at the Center for Computation and Visualization, Brown University, supported in part by the NSF EPSCoR EPS1004057 and the State of Rhode Island. This research was supported by the US National Science Foundation (grant 1256695 and the Alan T. Waterman Award) and by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2041-9139 J9 EVODEVO JI EvoDevo PD MAY 27 PY 2015 VL 6 AR 22 DI 10.1186/s13227-015-0018-2 PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology SC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology GA CK7MD UT WOS:000356415600001 PM 26090088 ER PT J AU Doorenweerd, C Van Nieukerken, EJ Sohn, JC Labandeira, CC AF Doorenweerd, Camiel Van Nieukerken, Erik J. Sohn, Jae-Cheon Labandeira, Conrad C. TI A revised checklist of Nepticulidae fossils (Lepidoptera) indicates an Early Cretaceous origin SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Baltic Amber; Calibration points; Dakota Formation; Evolutionary history; Extinction; Fossil record; Larvae; Leaf mining; Plant hosts; Stigmella; Stigmellites ID PLANT-INSECT ASSOCIATIONS; LEAF MINES; EOCENE; BUTTERFLIES; MOTHS; AGE; DIVERSIFICATION; WASHINGTON; AUSTRALIA; HERBIVORY AB With phylogenetic knowledge of Lepidoptera rapidly increasing, catalysed by increasingly powerful molecular techniques, the demand for fossil calibration points to estimate an evolutionary time frame for the order is becoming an increasingly pressing issue. The family Nepticulidae is a species rich, basal branch within the phylogeny of the Lepidoptera, characterized by larval leaf-mining habits, and thereby represents a potentially important lineage whose evolutionary history can be established more thoroughly with the potential use of fossil calibration points. Using our experience with extant global Nepticulidae, we discuss a list of characters that may be used to assign fossil leaf mines to Nepticulidae, and suggest useful methods for classifying relevant fossil material. We present a checklist of 79 records of Nepticulidae representing adult and leaf-mine fossils mentioned in literature, often with multiple exemplars constituting a single record. We provide our interpretation of these fossils. Two species now are included in the collective generic name Stigmellites: Stigmellites resupinata (Krassilov, 2008) comb. nov. (from Ophiheliconoma) and Stigmellites almeidae (Martins-Neto, 1989) comb. nov. (from Nepticula). Eleven records are for the first time attributed to Nepticulidae. After discarding several dubious records, including one possibly placing the family at a latest Jurassic position, we conclude that the oldest fossils likely attributable to Nepticulidae are several exemplars representing a variety of species from the Dakota Formation (USA). The relevant strata containing these earliest fossils are now dated at 102 Ma (million years ago) in age, corresponding to the latest Albian Stage of the Early Cretaceous. Integration of all records in the checklist shows that a continuous presence of nepticulid-like leaf mines preserved as compression-impression fossils and by amber entombment of adults have a fossil record extending to the latest Early Cretaceous. C1 [Doorenweerd, Camiel; Van Nieukerken, Erik J.] Nat Biodivers Ctr, Dept Terr Zool, Leiden, Netherlands. [Doorenweerd, Camiel] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Labandeira, Conrad C.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. RP Doorenweerd, C (reprint author), Nat Biodivers Ctr, Dept Terr Zool, Leiden, Netherlands. EM camiel.doorenweerd@naturalis.nl NR 127 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 27 PY 2015 VL 3963 IS 3 BP 295 EP 334 PG 40 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CJ1RS UT WOS:000355262600002 PM 26249403 ER PT J AU Smacchia, P Knap, M Demler, E Silva, A AF Smacchia, Pietro Knap, Michael Demler, Eugene Silva, Alessandro TI Exploring dynamical phase transitions and prethermalization with quantum noise of excitations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOTT INSULATOR; THERMALIZATION; QUENCHES AB Dynamical phase transitions can occur in isolated quantum systems that are brought out of equilibrium by sudden parameter changes. We discuss the characterization of such dynamical phase transitions based on the statistics of produced excitations. We consider both the O(N) model in the large-N limit and a spin model with long-range interactions and show that the dynamical criticality of their prethermal steady states manifests most dramatically not in the average number of excitations but in their higher moments. We argue that the growth of defect fluctuations carries unique signatures of the dynamical criticality, irrespective of the precise details of the model. Our theoretical results should be relevant to quantum quench experiments with ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices. C1 [Smacchia, Pietro; Silva, Alessandro] SISSA, Int Sch Adv Studies, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. [Smacchia, Pietro] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Knap, Michael; Demler, Eugene] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Knap, Michael] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Silva, Alessandro] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. RP Smacchia, P (reprint author), SISSA, Int Sch Adv Studies, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. RI Knap, Michael/H-3344-2011; Silva, Alessandro/B-6928-2012 OI Knap, Michael/0000-0002-7093-9502; Silva, Alessandro/0000-0002-5668-7134 FU Harvard-MIT CUA; ARO-MURI Quism program; ARO-MURI on Atomtronics; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J 3361-N20] FX We thank G. Biroli, A. Gambassi, and A. Polkovnikov for useful discussions. The authors acknowledge support from Harvard-MIT CUA, the ARO-MURI Quism program, ARO-MURI on Atomtronics, as well as the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Project No. J 3361-N20. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 26 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 20 AR 205136 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.205136 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA CI9LM UT WOS:000355091600012 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Marin, H Nash, DR Higginbotham, S Estrada, C van Zweden, JS d'Ettorre, P Wcislo, WT Boomsma, JJ AF Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes Nash, David R. Higginbotham, Sarah Estrada, Catalina van Zweden, Jelle S. d'Ettorre, Patrizia Wcislo, William T. Boomsma, Jacobus J. TI Functional role of phenylacetic acid from metapleural gland secretions in controlling fungal pathogens in evolutionarily derived leaf-cutting ants SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE mutualism; symbiosis; Attini; Escovopsis; actinomycetes; entomopathogens ID GROWING ANTS; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; SYMBIOSIS; WORKERS; GARDEN; SIZE; AGRICULTURE; SPECIFICITY; FORMICIDAE; MANAGEMENT AB Fungus-farming ant colonies vary four to five orders of magnitude in size. They employ compounds from actinomycete bacteria and exocrine glands as antimicrobial agents. Atta colonies have millions of ants and are particularly relevant for understanding hygienic strategies as they have abandoned their ancestors' prime dependence on antibiotic-based biological control in favour of using metapleural gland (MG) chemical secretions. Atta MGs are unique in synthesizing large quantities of phenylacetic acid (PAA), a known but little investigated antimicrobial agent. We show that particularly the smallest workers greatly reduce germination rates of Escovopsis and Metarhizium spores after actively applying PAA to experimental infection targets in garden fragments and transferring the spores to the ants' infrabuccal cavities. In vitro assays further indicated that Escovopsis strains isolated from evolutionarily derived leaf-cutting ants are less sensitive to PAA than strains from phylogenetically more basal fungus-farming ants, consistent with the dynamics of an evolutionary arms race between virulence and control for Escovopsis, but not Metarhizium. Atta ants form larger colonies with more extreme caste differentiation relative to other attines, in societies characterized by an almost complete absence of reproductive conflicts. We hypothesize that these changes are associated with unique evolutionary innovations in chemical pest management that appear robust against selection pressure for resistance by specialized mycopathogens. C1 [Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes] Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Ctr Biodiversidad & Descubrimiento Drogas, Ciudad Del Saber, Clayton, Panama. [Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes; Nash, David R.; van Zweden, Jelle S.; d'Ettorre, Patrizia; Boomsma, Jacobus J.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes; Higginbotham, Sarah; Estrada, Catalina; Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [van Zweden, Jelle S.] Univ Leuven, Inst Zool, Lab Socioecol & Social Evolut, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. [d'Ettorre, Patrizia] Univ Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cite, LEEC, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France. RP Fernandez-Marin, H (reprint author), Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Ctr Biodiversidad & Descubrimiento Drogas, Edificio 219, Ciudad Del Saber, Clayton, Panama. EM hfernandez@indicasat.org.pa; jjboomsma@bio.ku.dk RI Nash, David/B-2916-2009; Boomsma, Jacobus/M-2785-2014 OI Nash, David/0000-0002-0462-6794; Boomsma, Jacobus/0000-0002-3598-1609 FU STRI Tupper Postdoctoral fellowship; SNI; SENACYT [09-038]; Danish Natural Research Foundation [DNRF57]; STRI FX Funding was provided by a STRI Tupper Postdoctoral fellowship, and a postdoctoral fellowship, SNI and Collaboration grant no. 09-038 from SENACYT to H.F.M., the Danish Natural Research Foundation (grant no. DNRF57 to J.J.B.) and STRI general research funds to W.T.W. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 35 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAY 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1807 AR 20150212 DI 10.1098/rspb.2015.0212 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CM1SK UT WOS:000357460400005 PM 25925100 ER PT J AU Guarnizo, CE Paz, A Munoz-Ortiz, A Flechas, SV Mendez-Narvaez, J Crawford, AJ AF Guarnizo, Carlos E. Paz, Andrea Munoz-Ortiz, Astrid Flechas, Sandra V. Mendez-Narvaez, Javier Crawford, Andrew J. TI DNA Barcoding Survey of Anurans across the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia and the Impact of the Andes on Cryptic Diversity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; SPECIES RICHNESS; EVOLUTIONARY DIFFERENTIATION; AMPHIBIAN DIVERSITY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; AMAZONIAN FROGS; MANTELLID FROGS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BODY-SIZE AB Colombia hosts the second highest amphibian species diversity on Earth, yet its fauna remains poorly studied, especially using molecular genetic techniques. We present the results of the first wide-scale DNA barcoding survey of anurans of Colombia, focusing on a transect across the Eastern Cordillera. We surveyed 10 sites between the Magdalena Valley to the west and the eastern foothills of the Eastern Cordillera, sequencing portions of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) genes for 235 individuals from 52 nominal species. We applied two barcode algorithms, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery and Refined Single Linkage Analysis, to estimate the number of clusters or "unconfirmed candidate species" supported by DNA barcode data. Our survey included similar to 7% of the anuran species known from Colombia. While barcoding algorithms differed slightly in the number of clusters identified, between three and ten nominal species may be obscuring candidate species (in some cases, more than one cryptic species per nominal species). Our data suggest that the high elevations of the Eastern Cordillera and the low elevations of the Chicamocha canyon acted as geographic barriers in at least seven nominal species, promoting strong genetic divergences between populations associated with the Eastern Cordillera. C1 [Guarnizo, Carlos E.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Zool, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Paz, Andrea; Munoz-Ortiz, Astrid; Flechas, Sandra V.; Mendez-Narvaez, Javier; Crawford, Andrew J.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 4976, Colombia. [Munoz-Ortiz, Astrid] La Salle Univ, Dept Basic Sci, Bogota, Colombia. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Guarnizo, CE (reprint author), Univ Brasilia, Dept Zool, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM carlosguarnizo@gmail.com RI Guarnizo, Carlos/A-6383-2011; OI Guarnizo, Carlos/0000-0001-7324-1241; Crawford, Andrew J./0000-0003-3153-6898; Paz, Andrea/0000-0001-6484-1210 FU Ecopetrol [156-09] FX Field and laboratory work were financed by grant number 156-09 from Ecopetrol. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 97 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 22 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0127312 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0127312 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CI7GR UT WOS:000354931700049 PM 26000447 ER PT J AU Sabin, L Hull, CLH Plambeck, RL Zijlstra, AA Vazquez, R Navarro, SG Guillen, PF AF Sabin, L. Hull, C. L. H. Plambeck, R. L. Zijlstra, A. A. Vazquez, R. Navarro, S. G. Guillen, P. F. TI Millimetre polarization of the protoplanetary nebula OH 231.8+4.2: a follow-up study with CARMA SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Magnetic fields; polarization; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: individual: OH 231.8+4.2 ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; CENTRAL STARS; EVOLVED STAR; ENVELOPES; EMISSION; SEARCH; LINES; CORES AB In order to investigate the characteristics and influence of the magnetic field in evolved stars, we performed a follow-up investigation of our previous submillimetre analysis of the protoplanetary nebula (PPN) OH231.8+4.2, this time at 1.3mmwith the CARMA(Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy) facility in polarization mode for the purpose of a multiscale analysis. OH 231.8+4.2 was observed at similar to 2.5 arcsec resolution, and we detected polarized emission above the 3s threshold (with a mean polarization fraction of 3.5 per cent). The polarization map indicates an overall organized magnetic field within the nebula. The main finding in this paper is the presence of a structure mostly compatible with an ordered toroidal component that is aligned with the PPN's dark lane. We also present some alternative magnetic field configuration to explain the structure observed. These data complete our previous SMA submillimetre data for a better investigation and understanding of the magnetic field structure in OH 231.8+4.2. C1 [Sabin, L.; Navarro, S. G.] Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, Inst Astron & Meteorol, CUCEI, Guadalajara, Mexico. [Sabin, L.] Inst Estudios Avanzados Baja Calif AC, Ensenada 22800, BC, Mexico. [Hull, C. L. H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Plambeck, R. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Astron Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Plambeck, R. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zijlstra, A. A.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Vazquez, R.; Guillen, P. F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada 22800, BC, Mexico. RP Sabin, L (reprint author), Univ Guadalajara, Dept Fis, Inst Astron & Meteorol, CUCEI, Ave Vallarta 2602, Guadalajara, Mexico. EM laurence.sabin@gmail.com RI Vazquez, Roberto/L-3613-2016 OI Vazquez, Roberto/0000-0002-3279-9764 FU CONACYT [CB-2011-01-0168078]; University of Guadalajara (Mexico) [PIFI-2014]; NSF Graduate Fellowship; Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship; PAPIIT-DGAPA-UNAM [107914]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Associates of the California Institute of Technology; University of Chicago; state of California; state of Illinois; state of Maryland; National Science Foundation; NASA [NAS 5-26555] FX We would like to thank the referee for his/her valuable comments which helped us improve the quality of this paper. LS is supported by the CONACYT grant CB-2011-01-0168078 and this research was also partially supported by the PIFI-2014 programme from the University of Guadalajara (Mexico). CLHH acknowledges support from an NSF Graduate Fellowship and from a Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship. RV is supported by PAPIIT-DGAPA-UNAM grant 107914. LS also thank Marco Gomez for his help. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. This research has also made use of the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France and the NASA's Astrophysics Data System. We acknowledge the use of observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 3 BP 2368 EP 2373 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv461 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2TP UT WOS:000355337800012 ER PT J AU De Silva, GM Freeman, KC Bland-Hawthorn, J Martell, S de Boer, EW Asplund, M Keller, S Sharma, S Zucker, DB Zwitter, T Anguiano, B Bacigalupo, C Bayliss, D Beavis, MA Bergemann, M Campbell, S Cannon, R Carollo, D Casagrande, L Casey, AR Da Costa, G D'Orazi, V Dotter, A Duong, L Heger, A Ireland, MJ Kafle, PR Kos, J Lattanzio, J Lewis, GF Lin, J Lind, K Munari, U Nataf, DM O'Toole, S Parker, Q Reid, W Schlesinger, KJ Sheinis, A Simpson, JD Stello, D Ting, YS Traven, G Watson, F Wittenmyer, R Yong, D Zerjal, M AF De Silva, G. M. Freeman, K. C. Bland-Hawthorn, J. Martell, S. de Boer, E. Wylie Asplund, M. Keller, S. Sharma, S. Zucker, D. B. Zwitter, T. Anguiano, B. Bacigalupo, C. Bayliss, D. Beavis, M. A. Bergemann, M. Campbell, S. Cannon, R. Carollo, D. Casagrande, L. Casey, A. R. Da Costa, G. D'Orazi, V. Dotter, A. Duong, L. Heger, A. Ireland, M. J. Kafle, P. R. Kos, J. Lattanzio, J. Lewis, G. F. Lin, J. Lind, K. Munari, U. Nataf, D. M. O'Toole, S. Parker, Q. Reid, W. Schlesinger, K. J. Sheinis, A. Simpson, J. D. Stello, D. Ting, Y. -S. Traven, G. Watson, F. Wittenmyer, R. Yong, D. Zerjal, M. TI The GALAH survey: scientific motivation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: stellar content ID WAY STELLAR HALO; OLD OPEN CLUSTERS; RED GIANT BRANCH; MILKY-WAY; GALACTIC HALO; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; THICK DISK; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCE; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD AB The Galactic Archaeology with HERMES (GALAH) survey is a large high-resolution spectroscopic survey using the newly commissioned High Efficiency and Resolution Multi-Element Spectrograph (HERMES) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The HERMES spectrograph provides high-resolution (R similar to 28 000) spectra in four passbands for 392 stars simultaneously over a 2 deg field of view. The goal of the survey is to unravel the formation and evolutionary history of the Milky Way, using fossil remnants of ancient star formation events which have been disrupted and are now dispersed throughout the Galaxy. Chemical tagging seeks to identify such dispersed remnants solely from their common and unique chemical signatures; these groups are unidentifiable from their spatial, photometric or kinematic properties. To carry out chemical tagging, the GALAH survey will acquire spectra for a million stars down to V similar to 14. The HERMES spectra of FGK stars contain absorption lines from 29 elements including light proton-capture elements, alpha-elements, odd-Z elements, iron-peak elements and n-capture elements from the light and heavy s-process and the r-process. This paper describes the motivation and planned execution of the GALAH survey, and presents some results on the first-light performance of HERMES. C1 [De Silva, G. M.; Cannon, R.; O'Toole, S.; Sheinis, A.; Watson, F.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. [De Silva, G. M.; Bland-Hawthorn, J.; Sharma, S.; Lewis, G. F.; Stello, D.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Freeman, K. C.; de Boer, E. Wylie; Asplund, M.; Keller, S.; Bayliss, D.; Casagrande, L.; Da Costa, G.; Dotter, A.; Duong, L.; Ireland, M. J.; Lin, J.; Nataf, D. M.; Schlesinger, K. J.; Yong, D.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Martell, S.; Wittenmyer, R.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Zucker, D. B.; Anguiano, B.; Bacigalupo, C.; Carollo, D.; D'Orazi, V.; Parker, Q.; Reid, W.; Simpson, J. D.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Zucker, D. B.; Anguiano, B.; Bacigalupo, C.; Carollo, D.; Parker, Q.; Reid, W.; Simpson, J. D.] Macquarie Univ, Res Ctr Astron Astrophys & Astrophoton, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Zwitter, T.; Kos, J.; Traven, G.; Zerjal, M.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Beavis, M. A.] Univ So Queensland, Computat Engn & Sci Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Bergemann, M.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Campbell, S.; Heger, A.; Lattanzio, J.] Monash Univ, Sch Math Sci, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Casey, A. R.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [D'Orazi, V.] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Heger, A.] Michigan State Univ, Joint Inst Nucl Astrophys, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Heger, A.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Kafle, P. R.] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. [Lind, K.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Munari, U.] Astron Observ Padova, INAF, I-36012 Asiago, VI, Italy. [Ting, Y. -S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP De Silva, GM (reprint author), Australian Astron Observ, POB 915, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. EM gayandhi.desilva@aao.gov.au RI D'Orazi, Valentina/N-5230-2015; OI D'Orazi, Valentina/0000-0002-2662-3762; Kafle, Prajwal Raj/0000-0002-3625-9546; Ting, Yuan-Sen/0000-0001-5082-9536; Casey, Andrew/0000-0003-0174-0564; Lattanzio, John/0000-0003-2952-859X; Simpson, Jeffrey/0000-0002-8165-2507 FU Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP1095368, DP120101815, DP120101237, DP120104562, FS110200035, FL110100012]; ARC Future Fellowship [FT120100363]; ARC [FL110100012]; ARC DECRA [DE140100598]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX This research has been supported in part by the Australian Research Council (ARC) funding schemes (grant numbers DP1095368, DP120101815, DP120101237, DP120104562, FS110200035 and FL110100012). AH was supported by an ARC Future Fellowship grant FT120100363. DMN was supported by the ARC grant FL110100012. SLM was supported by the ARC DECRA grant DE140100598. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 140 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 3 BP 2604 EP 2617 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv327 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2TP UT WOS:000355337800032 ER PT J AU Bate, MR Keto, ER AF Bate, Matthew R. Keto, Eric R. TI Combining radiative transfer and diffuse interstellar medium physics to model star formation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; hydrodynamics; radiative transfer; methods: numerical; stars: formation; ISM: general ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; FLUX-LIMITED DIFFUSION; MOLECULAR CLOUD CORE; STELLAR DENSITIES; JEANS MASS; GAS CLOUDS; PROTOSTELLAR CORES; THERMAL STRUCTURE; FORMING CLOUDS AB We present a method for modelling star-forming clouds that combines two different models of the thermal evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM). In the combined model, where the densities are low enough that at least some part of the spectrum is optically thin, a model of the thermodynamics of the diffuse ISM is more significant in setting the temperatures. Where the densities are high enough to be optically thick across the spectrum, a model of flux-limited diffusion is more appropriate. Previous methods either model the low-density ISM and ignore the thermal behaviour at high densities (e.g. inside collapsing molecular cloud cores), or model the thermal behaviour near protostars but assume a fixed background temperature (e.g. approximate to 10 K) on large scales. Our new method treats both regimes. It also captures the different thermal evolution of the gas, dust, and radiation separately. We compare our results with those from the literature, and investigate the dependence of the thermal behaviour of the gas on the various model parameters. This new method should allow us to model the ISM across a wide range of densities and, thus, develop a more complete and consistent understanding of the role of thermodynamics in the star formation process. C1 [Bate, Matthew R.] Univ Exeter, Sch Phys & Astron, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Keto, Eric R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02420 USA. [Keto, Eric R.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Bate, MR (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Sch Phys & Astron, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. EM mbate@astro.ex.ac.uk FU European Research Council under the European Community [339248]; STFC; Large Facilities Capital Fund of BIS; University of Exeter FX We thank Paul Clark for constructive criticism that helped improve the method, and the anonymous referee whose comments helped us improve the manuscript. This work was supported by the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013 grant ggreement no. 339248). The calculations for this paper were performed on the University of Exeter Supercomputer, a DiRAC Facility jointly funded by STFC, the Large Facilities Capital Fund of BIS, and the University of Exeter, and on the Complexity DiRAC Facility jointly funded by STFC and the Large Facilities Capital Fund of BIS. NR 96 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 3 BP 2643 EP 2667 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv451 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2TP UT WOS:000355337800035 ER PT J AU Zelati, FC Rea, N Papitto, A Vigano, D Pons, JA Turolla, R Esposito, P Haggard, D Baganoff, FK Ponti, G Israel, GL Campana, S Torres, DF Tiengo, A Mereghetti, S Perna, R Zane, S Mignani, RP Possenti, A Stella, L AF Zelati, F. Coti Rea, N. Papitto, A. Vigano, D. Pons, J. A. Turolla, R. Esposito, P. Haggard, D. Baganoff, F. K. Ponti, G. Israel, G. L. Campana, S. Torres, D. F. Tiengo, A. Mereghetti, S. Perna, R. Zane, S. Mignani, R. P. Possenti, A. Stella, L. TI The X-ray outburst of the Galactic Centre magnetar SGR J1745-2900 during the first 1.5 year SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: magnetars; Galaxy: centre; X-rays: individual: SGR J1745-2900 ID SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; PHOTON IMAGING CAMERA; QUARK-NOVA REMNANTS; SOFT GAMMA REPEATER; FIELD MAGNETAR; NEUTRON-STARS; 3XMM J185246.6+003317; TRANSIENT MAGNETAR AB In 2013 April a new magnetar, SGR 1745-2900, was discovered as it entered an outburst, at only 2.4 arcsec angular distance from the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A*. SGR 1745-2900 has a surface dipolar magnetic field of similar to 2 x 10(14) G, and it is the neutron star closest to a black hole ever observed. The new source was detected both in the radio and X-ray bands, with a peak X-ray luminosity L-X similar to 5 x 10(35) erg s(-1). Here we report on the long-term Chandra (25 observations) and XMM-Newton (eight observations) X-ray monitoring campaign of SGR 1745-2900 from the onset of the outburst in 2013 April until 2014 September. This unprecedented data set allows us to refine the timing properties of the source, as well as to study the outburst spectral evolution as a function of time and rotational phase. Our timing analysis confirms the increase in the spin period derivative by a factor of similar to 2 around 2013 June, and reveals that a further increase occurred between 2013 October 30 and 2014 February 21. We find that the period derivative changed from 6.6 x 10(-12) to 3.3 x 10(-11) s s(-1) in 1.5 yr. On the other hand, this magnetar shows a slow flux decay compared to other magnetars and a rather inefficient surface cooling. In particular, starquake-induced crustal cooling models alone have difficulty in explaining the high luminosity of the source for the first similar to 200 d of its outburst, and additional heating of the star surface from currents flowing in a twisted magnetic bundle is probably playing an important role in the outburst evolution. C1 [Zelati, F. Coti] Univ Insubria, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Zelati, F. Coti; Rea, N.] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst Astron, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Zelati, F. Coti; Campana, S.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy. [Rea, N.; Papitto, A.; Vigano, D.; Torres, D. F.] CSIC IEEC, Inst Space Sci ICE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Pons, J. A.] Univ Alacant, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-03080 Alacant, Spain. [Turolla, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Turolla, R.; Zane, S.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Esposito, P.; Tiengo, A.; Mereghetti, S.; Mignani, R. P.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Esposito, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Haggard, D.] Amherst Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Baganoff, F. K.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ponti, G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Israel, G. L.; Stella, L.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Tiengo, A.] Ist Univ Studi Super, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Tiengo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Perna, R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Mignani, R. P.] Univ Zielona Gora, Kepler Inst Astron, PL-65265 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Possenti, A.] Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, INAF, I-09047 Cagliari, Italy. RP Zelati, FC (reprint author), Univ Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy. EM francesco.cotizelati@brera.inaf.it RI PONS, JOSE/D-4687-2012; Rea, Nanda/I-2853-2015; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; OI MEREGHETTI, SANDRO/0000-0003-3259-7801; Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092; PONS, JOSE/0000-0003-1018-8126; Rea, Nanda/0000-0003-2177-6388; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Tiengo, Andrea/0000-0002-6038-1090 FU NWO Vidi Grant; European COST Action [MP1304]; Juan de la Cierva fellowship; Fulbright Research Scholar grant; Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO) Award [GO3-14121X]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; NASA Swift grant [NNX14AC30G]; EU [FP-PEOPLE-2012-IEF- 331095]; Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR) [FKZ 50 OR 1408]; Max Planck Society; Chandra grants - SAO [G03-13068A, G04-15068X]; European Commission [267251]; ESA Member States; NASA; [AYA2012-39303]; [SGR2014-1073]; [AYA 2013-42184-P] FX FCZ and NR are supported by an NWO Vidi Grant (PI: Rea) and by the European COST Action MP1304 (NewCOMPSTAR). NR, AP, DV, and DFT acknowledge support by grants AYA2012-39303 and SGR2014-1073. AP is supported by a Juan de la Cierva fellowship. JAP acknowledges support by grant AYA 2013-42184-P. PE acknowledges a Fulbright Research Scholar grant administered by the US-Italy Fulbright Commission and is grateful to the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for hosting him during his Fulbright exchange. DH acknowledges support from Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO) Award Number GO3-14121X, operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060, and also by NASA Swift grant NNX14AC30G. GP acknowledges support via an EU Marie Curie Intra-European fellowship under contract no. FP-PEOPLE-2012-IEF- 331095 and the Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR, FKZ 50 OR 1408) and the Max Planck Society. RP acknowledges partial support by Chandra grants (awarded by SAO) G03-13068A and G04-15068X. RPM acknowledges funding from the European Commission Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 267251. FCZ acknowledges CSIC-IEEC for very kind hospitality during part of the work and Geoffrey Bower for helpful discussions. The scientific results reported in this paper are based on observations obtained with the Chandra X-ray Observatory and XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. This research has made use of software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application package CIAO, and of softwares and tools provided by the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), which is a service of the Astrophysics Science Division at NASA/GSFC and the High Energy Astrophysics Division of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 62 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 3 BP 2685 EP 2699 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv480 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2TP UT WOS:000355337800037 ER PT J AU Gullberg, B De Breuck, C Vieira, JD Weiss, A Aguirre, JE Aravena, M Bethermin, M Bradford, CM Bothwell, MS Carlstrom, JE Chapman, SC Fassnacht, CD Gonzalez, AH Greve, TR Hezaveh, Y Holzapfel, WL Husband, K Ma, J Malkan, M Marrone, DP Menten, K Murphy, EJ Reichardt, CL Spilker, JS Stark, AA Strandet, M Welikala, N AF Gullberg, B. De Breuck, C. Vieira, J. D. Weiss, A. Aguirre, J. E. Aravena, M. Bethermin, M. Bradford, C. M. Bothwell, M. S. Carlstrom, J. E. Chapman, S. C. Fassnacht, C. D. Gonzalez, A. H. Greve, T. R. Hezaveh, Y. Holzapfel, W. L. Husband, K. Ma, J. Malkan, M. Marrone, D. P. Menten, K. Murphy, E. J. Reichardt, C. L. Spilker, J. S. Stark, A. A. Strandet, M. Welikala, N. TI The nature of the [C II] emission in dusty star-forming galaxies from the SPT survey SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies; submillimetre: galaxies ID 158 MU-M; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; LUMINOUS SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; SPACE-OBSERVATORY MEASUREMENTS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; MICRON LINE DEFICIT; HUBBLE DEEP FIELD; SIMILAR-TO 1-2 AB We present [C II] observations of 20 strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxies at 2.1 < z < 5.7 using Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment and Herschel. The sources were selected on their 1.4 mm flux (S-1.4mm > 20 mJy) from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey, with far-infrared (FIR) luminosities determined from extensive photometric data. The [CII] line is robustly detected in 17 sources, all but one being spectrally resolved. 11 out of 20 sources observed in [C II] also have low-J CO detections from Australia Telescope Compact Array. A comparison with mid-and high-J CO lines from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array reveals consistent [C II] and CO velocity profiles, suggesting that there is little differential lensing between these species. The [C II], low-J CO and FIR data allow us to constrain the properties of the interstellar medium. We find [C II] to CO(1-0) luminosity ratios in the SPT sample of 5200 +/- 1800, with significantly less scatter than in other samples. This line ratio can be best described by a medium of [C II] and CO emitting gas with a higher [C II] than CO excitation temperature, high CO optical depth tau(CO)(1-0) >> 1, and low to moderate [CII] optical depth tau[C II] less than or similar to 1. The geometric structure of photodissociation regions allows for such conditions. C1 [Gullberg, B.; De Breuck, C.; Bethermin, M.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Weiss, A.; Menten, K.; Strandet, M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Aguirre, J. E.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Aravena, M.] European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile. [Aravena, M.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Bradford, C. M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bothwell, M. S.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chapman, S. C.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Fassnacht, C. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gonzalez, A. H.; Ma, J.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Greve, T. R.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Hezaveh, Y.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Holzapfel, W. L.; Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Husband, K.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Malkan, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Marrone, D. P.; Spilker, J. S.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Murphy, E. J.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Welikala, N.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RP Gullberg, B (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM bgullber@eso.org RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; OI Marrone, Daniel/0000-0002-2367-1080; De Breuck, Carlos/0000-0002-6637-3315; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Commonwealth of Australia; US National Science Foundation [AST-1312950]; National Science Foundation [PLR-1248097]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-1125897]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF 947] FX This publication is based on data acquired with the APEX. APEX is a collaboration between the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie, the European Southern Observatory, and the Onsala Space Observatory. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA#2011.0.00957.S, ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00958.S and ADS/JAO. ALMA#2012.1.00844.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The ATCA is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. This research has made use of the NED which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services; This material is based on work supported by the US National Science Foundation under grant no. AST-1312950. The SPT is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-1125897 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF 947. NR 126 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 21 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 3 BP 2883 EP 2900 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv372 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2TP UT WOS:000355337800055 ER PT J AU Butler, MJ Tan, JC Van Loo, S AF Butler, Michael J. Tan, Jonathan C. Van Loo, Sven TI KILOPARSEC-SCALE SIMULATIONS OF STAR FORMATION IN DISK GALAXIES. III. STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF FILAMENTS AND CLUMPS IN GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: ISM; galaxies: star clusters: general; ISM: clouds; ISM: structure; methods: numerical; stars: formation ID INFRARED DARK CLOUDS; MILKY-WAY; GRAVITATIONAL-INSTABILITY; GAS; I.; TURBULENCE; CLUSTERS; GRAVITY; CORES; RESOLUTION AB We present hydrodynamic simulations of self-gravitating dense gas in a galactic disk, exploring scales ranging from 1 kpc down to similar to 0.1 pc. Our primary goal is to understand how dense filaments form in giant molecular clouds (GMCs). These structures, often observed as infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) in the Galactic plane, are thought to be the precursors to massive stars and star clusters, so their formation may be the rate-limiting step controlling global star formation rates in galactic systems as described by the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation. Our study follows on from Van Loo et al., which carried out simulations to 0.5 pc resolution and examined global aspects of the formation of dense gas clumps and the resulting star formation rate. Here, using our higher resolution, we examine the detailed structural, kinematic, and dynamical properties of dense filaments and clumps, including mass surface density (Sigma) probability distribution functions, filament mass per unit length and its dispersion, lateral Sigma profiles, filament fragmentation, filament velocity gradients and infall, and degree of filament and clump virialization. Where possible, these properties are compared to observations of IRDCs. By many metrics, especially too large mass fractions of high Sigma > 1 g cm(-2) material, too high mass per unit length dispersion due to dense clump formation, too high velocity gradients, and too high velocity dispersion for a given mass per unit length, the simulated filaments differ from observed IRDCs. We thus conclude that IRDCs do not form from global fast collapse of GMCs. Rather, we expect that IRDC formation and collapse are slowed significantly by the influence of dynamically important magnetic fields, which may thus play a crucial role in regulating galactic star formation rates. C1 [Butler, Michael J.] Univ Zurich, Inst Computat Sci, CH-8049 Zurich, Switzerland. [Tan, Jonathan C.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Tan, Jonathan C.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Van Loo, Sven] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Van Loo, Sven] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Butler, MJ (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Computat Sci, CH-8049 Zurich, Switzerland. FU STAR-FORM Sinergia project - Swiss National Science Foundation; Theory Postdoctoral Fellowship from UF Department of Astronomy and College of Liberal Arts and Sciences; SMA Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; NSF CAREER grant [AST-0645412]; NASA Astrophysics Theory and Fundamental Physics grant [ATP09-0094]; NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program [ADAP10-0110]; University of Florida Research Computing; NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center FX We thank Paola Caselli and Sam Falle for useful discussions, and Elizabeth Tasker for providing the initial conditions of our simulations. M.J.B. acknowledges support from the STAR-FORM Sinergia project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. S.v.L. acknowledges support from the Theory Postdoctoral Fellowship from UF Department of Astronomy and College of Liberal Arts and Sciences and from the SMA Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. J.C.T. acknowledges support from NSF CAREER grant AST-0645412; NASA Astrophysics Theory and Fundamental Physics grant ATP09-0094; NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program ADAP10-0110. Resources supporting this work were provided by the University of Florida Research Computing and the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/1 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300001 ER PT J AU Canovas, H Schreiber, MR Caceres, C Menard, F Pinte, C Mathews, GS Cieza, L Casassus, S Hales, A Williams, JP Roman, P Hardy, A AF Canovas, H. Schreiber, M. R. Caceres, C. Menard, F. Pinte, C. Mathews, G. S. Cieza, L. Casassus, S. Hales, A. Williams, J. P. Roman, P. Hardy, A. TI GAS INSIDE THE 97 AU CAVITY AROUND THE TRANSITION DISK Sz 91 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planet-disk interactions; protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (Sz 91); stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be ID SPITZER C2D SURVEY; T-TAURI STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MULTIPLE PLANETS; DUST EMISSION; MASS STARS; INNER HOLE AB We present ALMA (Cycle 0) band. 6 and band. 3 observations of the transition disk Sz 91. The disk inclination and position angle are determined to be i - 49.5 +/- 3.5 degrees and PA - 18.2 +/- 3.5 and the dusty and gaseous disk are detected up to similar to 220 and similar to 400 AU from the star, respectively. Most importantly, our continuum observations indicate that the cavity size in the millimeter-sized dust distribution must be similar to 97 AU in radius, the largest cavity observed around a T Tauri star. Our data clearly confirm. the presence of (CO)-C-12 (2-1) well inside the dust cavity. Based on these observational constraints we developed a disk model that simultaneously accounts for the (CO)-C-12 and continuum observations (i.e., gaseous and dusty disk). According to our model, most of the millimeter emission comes from a ring located between 97 and 140 AU. We also find that the dust cavity is divided into an innermost region largely depleted of dust particles ranging from the dust sublimation radius up to 85 AU, and a second, moderately dust-depleted region, extending from 85 to 97 AU. The extremely large size of the dust cavity, the presence of gas and small dust particles within the cavity, and the accretion rate of Sz 91 are consistent with the formation of multiple (giant) planets. C1 [Canovas, H.; Schreiber, M. R.; Caceres, C.; Hardy, A.] Univ Valparaiso, Dept Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile. [Menard, F.; Pinte, C.] CNRS INSU, UMI 3386, UMI FCA, Paris, France. [Menard, F.; Pinte, C.; Casassus, S.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Mathews, G. S.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Mathews, G. S.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Phys & Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Cieza, L.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Santiago, Chile. [Hales, A.] Joint ALMA Observ, Atacama Large Millimeter Submillimeter Array, Santiago 7630355, Chile. [Williams, J. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Roman, P.] Univ Chile, Ctr Math Modeling, Santiago, Chile. RP Canovas, H (reprint author), Univ Valparaiso, Dept Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile. EM hector.canovas@dfa.uv.cl RI Casassus, Simon/I-8609-2016; Caceres, Claudio/Q-6297-2016; OI Roman, Pablo/0000-0002-7105-9371; Canovas, Hector/0000-0001-7668-8022; Williams, Jonathan/0000-0001-5058-695X FU Millenium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy, Nucleus [RC130007]; ALMA/CONICYT [31100025, 31130027]; CONICYT-FONDECYT [3140592, 1140109]; FONDECYT [1141269, 1130949, 3140634]; European Commission [PERG06-GA-2009-256513]; Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR) of France [ANR-2010-JCJC-0504-01]; ALMA-CONICYT [31120009, 31120006]; NSF [AST-1208911]; NASA [NNX15AC92G]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for providing very constructive comments, which significantly helped to improve the paper. We are grateful to the ALMA staff. This research was funded by the Millenium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy, Nucleus RC130007. H.C. and C.C. are grateful for support from ALMA/CONICYT (grants 31100025 and 31130027). C.C. also acknowledges support from CONICYT-FONDECYT grant 3140592. M.R.S. acknowledges support from FONDECYT (grant 1141269). C.P. acknowledges funding from the European Commission's 7th Framework Program (contract PERG06-GA-2009-256513) and Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR) of France (contract ANR-2010-JCJC-0504-01). L.C. was supported by ALMA-CONICYT grant number 31120009 and CONICYT-FONDECYT grant number 1140109. S.C. acknowledges support from FONDECYT grant 1130949. J.P.W. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1208911 and NASA grant NNX15AC92G. P.R. acknowledges support from ALMA-CONICYT 31120006 and FONDECYT grant 3140634. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00733.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 21 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/21 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300021 ER PT J AU Crites, AT Henning, JW Ade, PAR Aird, KA Austermann, JE Beall, JA Bender, AN Benson, BA Bleem, LE Carlstrom, JE Chang, CL Chiang, HC Cho, HM Citron, R Crawford, TM De Haan, T Dobbs, MA Everett, W Gallicchio, J Gao, J George, EM Gilbert, A Halverson, NW Hanson, D Harrington, N Hilton, GC Holder, GP Holzapfel, WL Hoover, S Hou, Z Hrubes, JD Huang, N Hubmayr, J Irwin, KD Keisler, R Knox, L Lee, AT Leitch, EM Li, D Liang, C Luong-Van, D McMahon, JJ Mehl, J Meyer, SS Mocanu, L Montroy, TE Natoli, T Nibarger, JP Novosad, V Padin, S Pryke, C Reichardt, CL Ruhl, JE Saliwanchik, BR Sayre, JT Schaffer, KK Smecher, G Stark, AA Story, KT Tucker, C Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Wang, G Whitehorn, N Yefremenko, V Zahn, O AF Crites, A. T. Henning, J. W. Ade, P. A. R. Aird, K. A. Austermann, J. E. Beall, J. A. Bender, A. N. Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Carlstrom, J. E. Chang, C. L. Chiang, H. C. Cho, H-M. Citron, R. Crawford, T. M. De Haan, T. Dobbs, M. A. Everett, W. Gallicchio, J. Gao, J. George, E. M. Gilbert, A. Halverson, N. W. Hanson, D. Harrington, N. Hilton, G. C. Holder, G. P. Holzapfel, W. L. Hoover, S. Hou, Z. Hrubes, J. D. Huang, N. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K. D. Keisler, R. Knox, L. Lee, A. T. Leitch, E. M. Li, D. Liang, C. Luong-Van, D. McMahon, J. J. Mehl, J. Meyer, S. S. Mocanu, L. Montroy, T. E. Natoli, T. Nibarger, J. P. Novosad, V. Padin, S. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C. L. Ruhl, J. E. Saliwanchik, B. R. Sayre, J. T. Schaffer, K. K. Smecher, G. Stark, A. A. Story, K. T. Tucker, C. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. D. Wang, G. Whitehorn, N. Yefremenko, V. Zahn, O. TI MEASUREMENTS OF E-MODE POLARIZATION AND TEMPERATURE-E-MODE CORRELATION IN THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND FROM 100 SQUARE DEGREES OF SPTPOL DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; polarization ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; SZ SURVEY; POWER SPECTRUM; HIGH-FREQUENCY; RADIO-SOURCES; ANISOTROPIES; DEG(2); QUAD; CONSTRAINTS; COMPUTATION AB We present measurements of E-mode polarization and temperature-E-mode correlation in the cosmic microwave background using data from the first season of observations with SPTpol, the polarization-sensitive receiver currently installed on the South Pole Telescope (SPT). The observations used in this work cover 100 deg(2) of sky with arcminute resolution at 150 GHz. We report the E-mode angular auto-power spectrum (EE) and the temperature-E-mode angular cross-power spectrum (TE) over the multipole range 500 < l <= 5000. These power spectra improve on previous measurements in the high-l (small-scale) regime. We fit the combination of the SPTpol power spectra, data from Planck, and previous SPT measurements with a six-parameter Lambda CDM cosmological model. We find that the best-fit parameters are consistent with previous results. The improvement in high-l sensitivity over previous measurements leads to a significant improvement in the limit on polarized point-source power: after masking sources brighter than 50 mJy in unpolarized flux at 150 GHz, we find a 95% confidence upper limit on unclustered point-source power in the EE spectrum of D-l = l (l + 1) Cl/2 pi < 0.40 mu K-2 at l = 3000, indicating that future EE measurements will not be limited by power from unclustered point sources in the multipole range l < 3600, and possibly much higher in l. C1 [Crites, A. T.; Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Padin, S.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Crites, A. T.; Henning, J. W.; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Citron, R.; Crawford, T. M.; Gallicchio, J.; Hoover, S.; Hou, Z.; Leitch, E. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Padin, S.; Schaffer, K. K.; Story, K. T.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Crites, A. T.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Henning, J. W.; Austermann, J. E.; Everett, W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff CF10 3XQ, S Glam, Wales. [Aird, K. A.; Liang, C.; Luong-Van, D.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Beall, J. A.; Gao, J.; Hilton, G. C.; Nibarger, J. P.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Bender, A. N.; Hanson, D.; Holder, G. P.; Smecher, G.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Mehl, J.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Benson, B. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Hoover, S.; Meyer, S. S.; Natoli, T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Meyer, S. S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chiang, H. C.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Durban, South Africa. [Cho, H-M.; Irwin, K. D.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Dobbs, M. A.] CIFAR Program Cosmol & Grav, Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [George, E. M.; Harrington, N.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Huang, N.; Lee, A. T.; Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Irwin, K. D.; Keisler, R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Keisler, R.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Knox, L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, A. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Montroy, T. E.; Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Sayre, J. T.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Novosad, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Schaffer, K. K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Liberal Arts Dept, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Smecher, G.] Three Speed Log Inc, Vancouver, BC V6A 2J8, Canada. [Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Crites, AT (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM acrites@caltech.edu RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; OI CRAWFORD, THOMAS/0000-0001-9000-5013; Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Canada Research Chairs program; National Science Foundation [PLR-1248097, AST-1402161]; NSF Physics Frontier Center grant [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [947]; Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [De-AC02-07CH11359]; US Department of Energy; NSF [AST0956135]; UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne); Argonne, US Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials FX We thank Joshua Schiffrin for help with the mode-mode coupling kernel calculation. We also thank Wayne Hu and Aurien Benoit-Levy for help implementing the super-sample lensing covariance. The McGill authors acknowledge funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and Canada Research Chairs program. The South Pole Telescope program is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through Grant GBMF#947 to the University of Chicago. J.W.H. is supported by the National Science Foundation under Award No. AST-1402161. B.B. is supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy. The CU Boulder group acknowledges support from NSF AST-0956135. This work is also supported by the US Department of Energy. Work at Argonne National Lab is supported by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a US Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We also acknowledge support from the Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials. The data analysis pipeline uses the scientific python stack (Jones et al. 2001; Hunter 2007; van der Walt et al. 2011) and the HDF5 file format (The HDF Group 1997). NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 36 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/36 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300036 ER PT J AU Frisch, PC Andersson, BG Berdyugin, A Piirola, V Funsten, HO Magalhaes, AM Seriacopi, DB McComas, DJ Schwadron, NA Slavin, JD Wiktorowicz, SJ AF Frisch, P. C. Andersson, B-G Berdyugin, A. Piirola, V. Funsten, H. O. Magalhaes, A. M. Seriacopi, D. B. McComas, D. J. Schwadron, N. A. Slavin, J. D. Wiktorowicz, S. J. TI EVIDENCE FOR AN INTERSTELLAR DUST FILAMENT IN THE OUTER HELIOSHEATH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; ISM: magnetic fields; polarization; Sun: heliosphere ID BOUNDARY-EXPLORER RIBBON; IBEX-LO OBSERVATIONS; NEUTRAL ATOM FLUX; PICK-UP IONS; 1ST 5 YEARS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOLAR-SYSTEM; VOYAGER 1; HELIOPAUSE; GRAINS AB A recently discovered filament of polarized starlight that traces a coherent magnetic field is shown to have several properties that are consistent with an origin in the outer heliosheath of the heliosphere: (1) the magnetic field that provides the best fit to the polarization position angles is directed toward l = 357 degrees.3, b = 17 degrees.0 (+/- 11 degrees.2); this direction is within 6 degrees.7 +/- 11 degrees.2 of the observed upwind direction of the flow of interstellar neutral helium gas through the heliosphere. (2) The magnetic field is ordered; the component of the variation of the polarization position angles that can be attributed to magnetic turbulence is +/- 9 degrees.6. (3) The axis of the elongated filament can be approximated by a line that defines an angle of 80 degrees +/- 14 degrees with the plane that is formed by the interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) vector and the vector of the inflowing neutral gas (the BV plane). We propose that this polarization feature arises from aligned interstellar dust grains in the outer heliosheath where the interstellar plasma and magnetic field are deflected around the heliosphere. This interpretation suggests that the polarization is seen where stream lines of the flow and the draped ISMF lines are approximately parallel to each other and perpendicular to the sightline. An ordered magnetic field is required so that grain alignment is not disrupted during the interaction. The filament location is consistent with dust plumes previously predicted to form around the heliosphere. The proposed outer heliosheath location of the polarizing grains can be tested with three-dimensional models that track torques on asymmetric dust grains as they propagate through the heliosheath plasma, and using these models to evaluate grain alignment and the asymmetric extinction of the grains. C1 [Frisch, P. C.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Andersson, B-G] USRA, SOFIA, San Francisco, CA USA. [Berdyugin, A.; Piirola, V.] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO, SF-20500 Turku, Finland. [Funsten, H. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Magalhaes, A. M.; Seriacopi, D. B.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [McComas, D. J.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Schwadron, N. A.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Slavin, J. D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wiktorowicz, S. J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [McComas, D. J.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Frisch, PC (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. OI Andersson, B-G/0000-0001-6717-0686; Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039; Slavin, Jonathan/0000-0002-7597-6935 FU NASA Explorer program; European Research Council Advanced Grant HotMol [ERC-2011-AdG 291659] FX This research has been partly supported by the NASA Explorer program through support for the IBEX mission, and by the European Research Council Advanced Grant HotMol (ERC-2011-AdG 291659). NR 75 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 60 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/60 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300060 ER PT J AU Hlavacek-Larrondo, J McDonald, M Benson, BA Forman, WR Allen, SW Bleem, LE Ashby, MLN Bocquet, S Brodwin, M Dietrich, JP Jones, C Liu, J Reichardt, CL Saliwanchik, BR Saro, A Schrabback, T Song, J Stalder, B Vikhlinin, A Zenteno, A AF Hlavacek-Larrondo, J. McDonald, M. Benson, B. A. Forman, W. R. Allen, S. W. Bleem, L. E. Ashby, M. L. N. Bocquet, S. Brodwin, M. Dietrich, J. P. Jones, C. Liu, J. Reichardt, C. L. Saliwanchik, B. R. Saro, A. Schrabback, T. Song, J. Stalder, B. Vikhlinin, A. Zenteno, A. TI X-RAY CAVITIES IN A SAMPLE OF 83 SPT-SELECTED CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES: TRACING THE EVOLUTION OF AGN FEEDBACK IN CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES OUT TO z=1.2 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: jets; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID DEEP CHANDRA OBSERVATION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; POLE TELESCOPE SURVEY; HEATING HOT ATMOSPHERES; RADIO IMAGING SURVEY; 720 SQUARE DEGREES; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; JET POWER; COOL-CORE AB X-ray cavities are key tracers of mechanical (or radio mode) heating arising from the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). We report on a survey for X-ray cavities in 83 massive, high-redshift (0.4 < z < 1.2) clusters of galaxies selected by their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signature in the South Pole Telescope data. Based on Chandra X-ray images, we find a total of six clusters having symmetric pairs of surface brightness depressions consistent with the picture of radio jets inflating X-ray cavities in the intracluster medium (ICM). The majority of these detections are of relatively low significance and require deeper follow-up data in order to be confirmed. Further, this search will miss small (<10 kpc) X-ray cavities that are unresolved by Chandra at high (z greater than or similar to 5) redshift. Despite these limitations, our results suggest that the power generated by AGN feedback in BCGs has remained unchanged for over half of the age of the universe (>7 Gyr at z similar to 0.8). On average, the detected X-ray cavities have powers of (0.8-5) x 10(45) erg s(-1), enthalpies of (3-6) x 10(59) erg, and radii of similar to 17 kpc. Integrating over 7 Gyr, we find that the supermassive black holes in BCGs may have accreted 10(8) to several 10(9) M-circle dot of material to power these outflows. This level of accretion indicates that significant supermassive black hole growth may occur not only at early times, in the quasar era, but at late times as well. We also find that X-ray cavities at high redshift may inject an excess heat of 0.1-1.0 keV per particle into the hot ICM above and beyond the energy needed to offset cooling. Although this result needs to be confirmed, we note that the magnitude of excess heating is similar to the energy needed to preheat clusters, break self-similarity, and explain the excess entropy in hot atmospheres. C1 [Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.; Allen, S. W.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.; Allen, S. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [McDonald, M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Benson, B. A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Forman, W. R.; Ashby, M. L. N.; Jones, C.; Stalder, B.; Vikhlinin, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Allen, S. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Bleem, L. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bleem, L. E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bocquet, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Liu, J.; Saro, A.; Zenteno, A.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Bocquet, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Liu, J.] Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Saliwanchik, B. R.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Schrabback, T.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Song, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Song, J.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon, South Korea. [Stalder, B.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Zenteno, A.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP Hlavacek-Larrondo, J (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM juliehl@astro.umontreal.ca OI Dietrich, Jorg/0000-0002-8134-9591; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Bocquet, Sebastian/0000-0002-4900-805X; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU NASA [PF2-130094]; NSERC; Canada Research Chair programs; FRQNT; National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937, PLR-1248097]; NSF Physics Frontier Center grant [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSF grant [AST-1009012, AST-1009649, MRI-0723073]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-76SF00515]; NASA through Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [12800071, 12800088, 13800883] FX J.H.L. is supported by NASA through the Einstein Fellowship Program, grant number PF2-130094, NSERC through the discovery grant and Canada Research Chair programs, as well as FRQNT. Partial support is also provided by the National Science Foundation through grants ANT-0638937 and PLR-1248097, the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Support for X-ray analysis was provided by NASA through Chandra Award Numbers 12800071, 12800088, and 13800883 issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA. Galaxy cluster research at Harvard is supported by NSF grant AST-1009012 and at SAO in part by NSF grants AST-1009649 and MRI-0723073. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy contract numbers DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-AC02-76SF00515. NR 84 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 35 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/35 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300035 ER PT J AU Kong, S Lada, CJ Lada, EA Roman-Zuniga, C Bieging, JH Lombardi, M Forbrich, J Alves, JF AF Kong, S. Lada, C. J. Lada, E. A. Roman-Zuniga, C. Bieging, J. H. Lombardi, M. Forbrich, J. Alves, J. F. TI THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DUST AND GAS-PHASE CO ACROSS THE CALIFORNIA MOLECULAR CLOUD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; ISM: abundances; ISM: clouds; stars: formation ID CO-TO-H-2 CONVERSION FACTOR; INTER-STELLAR CLOUDS; X-FACTOR; STAR-FORMATION; DARK CLOUD; EXTINCTION MAPS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; PIPE NEBULA; IC 5146; EMISSION AB We present results of an extinction-CO line survey of the southeastern part of the California molecular cloud (CMC). Deep, wide-field, near-infrared images were used to construct a sensitive, relatively high resolution (similar to 0.5 arcmin) (NICEST) extinction map of the region. The same region was also surveyed in the (CO)-C-12(2-1), (CO)-C-13(2-1), and (CO)-O-18(2-1) emission lines at the same angular resolution. These data were used to investigate the relation between the molecular gas, traced by CO emission lines, and the dust column density, traced by extinction, on spatial scales of 0.04 pc across the cloud. We found strong spatial variations in the abundances of (CO)-C-13 and (CO)-O-18 that were correlated with variations in gas temperature, consistent with temperature-dependent CO depletion/ desorption on dust grains. The (CO)-C-13-to-(CO)-O-18 abundance ratio was found to increase with decreasing extinction, suggesting selective photodissociation of (CO)-O-18 by the ambient UV radiation field. The effect is particularly pronounced in the vicinity of an embedded cluster where the UV radiation appears to have penetrated deeply (i.e., A(V) less than or similar to 15 mag) into the cloud. We derived the cloud-averaged X-factor to be < X-CO > = 2.53 x 10(20) cm(2)(K km s(-1))(-1), a value somewhat higher than the Milky Way average. On sub-parsec scales we find there is no single empirical value of the (CO)-C-12 X-factor that can characterize the molecular gas in cold (T-k less than or similar to 15 K) cloud regions, with X-CO infinity A(V)(0.74) for A(V) greater than or similar to 3 mag. However, in regions containing relatively hot (Tex greater than or similar to 25 K) molecular gas we find a clear correlation between W((CO)-C-12) and A(V) over a large (3 less than or similar to A(V) less than or similar to 25 mag) range of extinction. This results in a constant X-CO = 1.5 x 10(20) cm(-2)(K km s(-1))(-1) for the hot gas, a lower value than either the average for the CMC or the Milky Way. Overall we find an (inverse) correlation between X-CO and T-ex in the cloud with X-CO infinity T-ex(-0.7). This correlation suggests that the global X-factor of a giant molecular cloud may depend on the relative amounts of hot gas contained within the cloud. C1 [Kong, S.; Lada, E. A.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lada, C. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Roman-Zuniga, C.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Unidad Acad Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Bieging, J. H.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Lombardi, M.] Univ Milan, Dept Phys, I-20122 Milan, Italy. [Forbrich, J.; Alves, J. F.] Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. RP Kong, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM skong@astro.ufl.edu RI Roman-Zuniga, Carlos/F-6602-2016; OI Roman-Zuniga, Carlos/0000-0001-8600-4798; LOMBARDI, MARCO/0000-0002-3336-4965; Kong, Shuo/0000-0002-8469-2029; Alves, Joao/0000-0002-4355-0921 FU CONACYT project, Mexico [CB2010-152160]; National Science Foundation [AST-1140030] FX We thank Kelsey Jorgenson for assistance with acquiring the CO observations and acknowledge useful discussions with Karin Oberg. Suggestions from an anonymous referee led to numerous improvements in the paper. Carlos Roman acknowledges support from CONACYT project CB2010-152160, Mexico. This research is based in part on observations collected at the Centro Astronomico Hispano Aleman (CAHA) at Calar Alto, operated jointly by the Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie and the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC). The Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope is operated by the Arizona Radio Observatory, which is part of the Steward Observatory at the University of Arizona. This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant AST-1140030 to the University of Arizona. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 58 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/58 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300058 ER PT J AU Pillitteri, I Maggio, A Micela, G Sciortino, S Wolk, SJ Matsakos, T AF Pillitteri, I. Maggio, A. Micela, G. Sciortino, S. Wolk, S. J. Matsakos, T. TI FUV VARIABILITY OF HD 189733. IS THE STAR ACCRETING MATERIAL FROM ITS HOT JUPITER? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planet-star interactions; planetary systems; stars: activity; stars: chromospheres ID STELLAR ACTIVITY ENHANCEMENT; FRAGMENTS FALLING BACK; X-RAY ACTIVITY; I LYMAN-ALPHA; HOST STARS; ATMOSPHERIC ESCAPE; GIANT PLANETS; CHROMOSPHERIC ACTIVITY; PHOTOSPHERIC ACTIVITY; MAGNETIC INTERACTION AB Hot Jupiters are subject to strong irradiation from their host stars and, as a consequence, they do evaporate. They can also interact with the parent stars by means of tides and magnetic fields. Both phenomena have strong implications for the evolution of these systems. Here we present time-resolved spectroscopy of HD 189733 observed with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on board. Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The star has been observed during five consecutive HST orbits, starting at a secondary transit of the planet (phi similar to 0.50-0.63). Two main episodes of variability of ion lines of Si, C, N, and O are detected, with an increase of line fluxes. The Si IV. lines show the highest degree of variability. The far-ultraviolet variability is a signature of enhanced activity in phase with the planet motion, occurring after the planet egress, as already observed three times in X-rays. With the support of MHD simulations, we propose the following interpretation: a stream of gas evaporating from the planet is actively and almost steadily accreting onto the stellar surface, impacting at 70 degrees-90 degrees ahead of the subplanetary point. C1 [Pillitteri, I.; Maggio, A.; Micela, G.; Sciortino, S.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Wolk, S. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Matsakos, T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Pillitteri, I (reprint author), INAF, Osservatorio Astron Palermo, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. EM pilli@astropa.inaf.it RI Maggio, Antonio/P-5700-2015; Pillitteri, Ignazio/L-1549-2016; OI Maggio, Antonio/0000-0001-5154-6108; Pillitteri, Ignazio/0000-0003-4948-6550; Micela, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9900-4751; Matsakos, Titos/0000-0003-0447-2147 FU European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under Astronomy Fellowships in Italy (AstroFIt) [267251]; NASA ATP grant [NNX13AH56G]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [12984] FX I.P. is grateful to H. M. Gunther for the help and the discussion of the results. I.P. acknowledges financial support from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 267251 Astronomy Fellowships in Italy (AstroFIt). T.M. was supported in part by NASA ATP grant NNX13AH56G. The simulation was carried out with resources provided by the University of Chicago Research Computing Center. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with program #12984. Support for program #12984 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 52 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/52 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300052 ER PT J AU Tetarenko, AJ Sivakoff, GR Miller-Jones, JCA Curran, PA Russell, TD Coulson, IM Heinz, S Maitra, D Markoff, SB Migliari, S Petitpas, GR Rupen, MP Rushton, AP Russell, DM Sarazin, CL AF Tetarenko, A. J. Sivakoff, G. R. Miller-Jones, J. C. A. Curran, P. A. Russell, T. D. Coulson, I. M. Heinz, S. Maitra, D. Markoff, S. B. Migliari, S. Petitpas, G. R. Rupen, M. P. Rushton, A. P. Russell, D. M. Sarazin, C. L. TI SUB-mm JET PROPERTIES OF THE X-RAY BINARY SWIFT J1745-26 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; ISM: jets and outflows; radio continuum: stars; stars: individual (Swift J1745-26); submillimeter: stars; X-rays: binaries ID BLACK-HOLE CANDIDATE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; SGR-A-ASTERISK; GX 339-4; COMPACT JET; SAGITTARIUS-A; RELATIVISTIC JETS; RADIO-EMISSION; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS AB We present the results of our observations of the early stages of the 2012-2013 outburst of the transient black hole X-ray binary (BHXRB), Swift J1745-26, with the Very Large Array, Submillimeter Array, and James Clerk Maxwell telescope (SCUBA-2). Our data mark the first multiple-band mm and sub-mm observations of a BHXRB. During our observations the system was in the hard accretion state producing a steady, compact jet. The unique combination of radio and mm/sub-mm data allows us to directly measure the spectral indices in and between the radio and mm/sub-mm regimes, including the first mm/sub-mm spectral index measured for a BHXRB. Spectral fitting revealed that both the mm (230 GHz) and sub-mm (350 GHz) measurements are consistent with extrapolations of an inverted power law from contemporaneous radio data (1-30 GHz). This indicates that, as standard jet models predict, a power law extending up to mm/sub-mm frequencies can adequately describe the spectrum, and suggests that the mechanism driving spectral inversion could be responsible for the high mm/sub-mm fluxes (compared to radio fluxes) observed in outbursting BHXRBs. While this power law is also consistent with contemporaneous optical data, the optical data could arise from either jet emission with a jet spectral break frequency of nu(break) greater than or similar to 1x10(14) Hz or the combination of jet emission with a lower jet spectral break frequency of nu(break) greater than or similar to 2x10(11) Hz and accretion disk emission. Our analysis solidifies the importance of the mm/sub-mm regime in bridging the crucial gap between radio and IR frequencies in the jet spectrum, and justifies the need to explore this regime further. C1 [Tetarenko, A. J.; Sivakoff, G. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Miller-Jones, J. C. A.; Curran, P. A.; Russell, T. D.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Coulson, I. M.] Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Heinz, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Maitra, D.] Wheaton Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Norton, MA 02766 USA. [Markoff, S. B.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Migliari, S.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron & Meteorol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Migliari, S.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Cosm Sci, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Migliari, S.] ESAC ESA, XMM Newton Sci Operat Ctr, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Petitpas, G. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rupen, M. P.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Astron & Astrophys, Penticton, BC V2A 6J9, Canada. [Rupen, M. P.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Rushton, A. P.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Rushton, A. P.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Russell, D. M.] NYU Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Sarazin, C. L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Tetarenko, AJ (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, CCIS 4-181, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. EM tetarenk@ualberta.ca RI Miller-Jones, James/B-2411-2013; Sivakoff, Gregory/G-9602-2011; OI Russell, Thomas/0000-0001-6958-8891; Miller-Jones, James/0000-0003-3124-2814; Russell, Thomas/0000-0002-7930-2276; Sivakoff, Gregory/0000-0001-6682-916X; Heinz, Sebastian/0000-0002-8433-8652; Russell, David/0000-0002-3500-631X FU NSERC; Australian Research Council [DP120102393]; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; European Social Funds through a Ramon y Cajal Fellowship; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [AYA2013-47447-C03-1-P]; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; Canada Foundation for Innovation FX A.J.T. would like to thank Erik Rosolowsky for sharing his extensive knowledge of MCMC and Craig Heinke for helpful discussions. A.J.T. and G.R.S. are supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant. This work was supported by Australian Research Council grant DP120102393. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and European Social Funds through a Ramon y Cajal Fellowship (S. M.) and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (S. M.; grant AYA2013-47447-C03-1-P). The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope has historically been operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the National Research Council of Canada and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. Additional funds for the construction of SCUBA-2 were provided by the Canada Foundation for Innovation. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 30 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/30 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300030 ER PT J AU Zhu, W Udalski, A Gould, A Dominik, M Bozza, V Han, C Yee, JC Novati, SC Beichman, CA Carey, S Poleski, R Skowron, J Kozlowski, S Mroz, P Pietrukowicz, P Pietrzynski, G Szymanski, MK Soszynski, I Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Gaudi, BS Pogge, RW DePoy, DL Jung, YK Choi, JY Hwang, KH Shin, IG Park, H Jeong, J AF Zhu, Wei Udalski, A. Gould, A. Dominik, M. Bozza, V. Han, C. Yee, J. C. Novati, S. Calchi Beichman, C. A. Carey, S. Poleski, R. Skowron, J. Kozlowski, S. Mroz, P. Pietrukowicz, P. Pietrzynski, G. Szymanski, M. K. Soszynski, I. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Gaudi, B. S. Pogge, R. W. DePoy, D. L. Jung, Y. K. Choi, J. -Y. Hwang, K. -H. Shin, I. -G. Park, H. Jeong, J. CA OGLE Collaboration FUN Collaboration TI SPITZER AS A MICROLENS PARALLAX SATELLITE: MASS AND DISTANCE MEASUREMENTS OF BINARY LENS SYSTEM OGLE-2014-BLG-1050L SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; gravitational lensing: micro ID GALACTIC BULGE; ISOLATED STAR; HOST STAR; OGLE-III; EVENTS; MAGNIFICATION; DWARF; PREDICTIONS; DISCOVERY; MOTIONS AB We report the first mass and distance measurements of a caustic-crossing binary system OGLE-2014-BLG-1050 L using the space-based microlens parallax method. Spitzer captured the second caustic. crossing of the event, which occurred similar to 10 days before that seen from Earth. Due to the coincidence that the source-lens relative motion was almost parallel to the direction of the binary-lens axis, the fourfold degeneracy, which was known before only to occur in single-lens events, persists in this case, leading to either a lower-mass (0.2 and 0.07 M-circle dot) binary at similar to 1.1 kpc or a higher-mass (0.9 and 0.35 M-circle dot) binary at similar to 3.5 kpc. However, the latter solution is strongly preferred for reasons including blending and lensing probability. OGLE-2014-BLG-1050 L demonstrates the power of microlens parallax in probing stellar and substellar binaries. C1 [Zhu, Wei; Gould, A.; Poleski, R.; Gaudi, B. S.; Pogge, R. W.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Udalski, A.; Poleski, R.; Skowron, J.; Kozlowski, S.; Mroz, P.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Pietrzynski, G.; Szymanski, M. K.; Soszynski, I.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Dominik, M.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Bozza, V.; Novati, S. Calchi] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Bozza, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Han, C.; Jung, Y. K.; Choi, J. -Y.; Hwang, K. -H.; Shin, I. -G.; Park, H.; Jeong, J.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys, Cheongju 371763, South Korea. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi; Beichman, C. A.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi] IIASS, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Carey, S.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Pietrzynski, G.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. [Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [DePoy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Zhu, W (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; OI Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; ZHU, WEI/0000-0003-4027-4711 FU NSF [AST 1103471]; JPL [1500811]; NASA [NNX12AB99G]; Creative Research Initiative Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ERC [246678] FX Work by W.Z., A.G., and B.S.G. was supported by NSF grant AST 1103471. Work by J.C.Y., A.G., and S.C. was supported by JPL grant 1500811. A.G., B.S.G., and R.W.P. were supported by NASA grant NNX12AB99G. Work by C.H. was supported by the Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of the National Research Foundation of Korea. Work by J.C.Y. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Work by C.A.B. was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The OGLE project has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 246678 to AU. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. NR 56 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 805 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/805/1/8 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8BA UT WOS:000354991300008 ER PT J AU Hsiang, AY Field, DJ Webster, TH Behlke, ADB Davis, MB Racicot, RA Gauthier, JA AF Hsiang, Allison Y. Field, Daniel J. Webster, Timothy H. Behlke, Adam D. B. Davis, Matthew B. Racicot, Rachel A. Gauthier, Jacques A. TI The origin of snakes: revealing the ecology, behavior, and evolutionary history of early snakes using genomics, phenomics, and the fossil record SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Serpentes; Phylogeny; Ancestral state reconstruction; Divergence time estimation; Combined analysis; Fossil tip-dating ID INDEPENDENT CONTRASTS; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; MASS EXTINCTION; BODY-SIZE; PHYLOGENY; INFERENCE; RADIATION; TAXA; LIFE; TREE AB Background: The highly derived morphology and astounding diversity of snakes has long inspired debate regarding the ecological and evolutionary origin of both the snake total-group (Pan-Serpentes) and crown snakes (Serpentes). Although speculation abounds on the ecology, behavior, and provenance of the earliest snakes, a rigorous, clade-wide analysis of snake origins has yet to be attempted, in part due to a dearth of adequate paleontological data on early stem snakes. Here, we present the first comprehensive analytical reconstruction of the ancestor of crown snakes and the ancestor of the snake total-group, as inferred using multiple methods of ancestral state reconstruction. We use a combined-data approach that includes new information from the fossil record on extinct crown snakes, new data on the anatomy of the stem snakes Najash rionegrina, Dinilysia patagonica, and Coniophis precedens, and a deeper understanding of the distribution of phenotypic apomorphies among the major clades of fossil and Recent snakes. Additionally, we infer time-calibrated phylogenies using both new 'tip-dating' and traditional node-based approaches, providing new insights on temporal patterns in the early evolutionary history of snakes. Results: Comprehensive ancestral state reconstructions reveal that both the ancestor of crown snakes and the ancestor of total-group snakes were nocturnal, widely foraging, non-constricting stealth hunters. They likely consumed soft-bodied vertebrate and invertebrate prey that was subequal to head size, and occupied terrestrial settings in warm, well-watered, and well-vegetated environments. The snake total-group - approximated by the Coniophis node - is inferred to have originated on land during the middle Early Cretaceous (similar to 128.5 Ma), with the crown-group following about 20 million years later, during the Albian stage. Our inferred divergence dates provide strong evidence for a major radiation of henophidian snake diversity in the wake of the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction, clarifying the pattern and timing of the extant snake radiation. Although the snake crown-group most likely arose on the supercontinent of Gondwana, our results suggest the possibility that the snake total-group originated on Laurasia. Conclusions: Our study provides new insights into when, where, and how snakes originated, and presents the most complete picture of the early evolution of snakes to date. More broadly, we demonstrate the striking influence of including fossils and phenotypic data in combined analyses aimed at both phylogenetic topology inference and ancestral state reconstruction. C1 [Hsiang, Allison Y.; Field, Daniel J.; Behlke, Adam D. B.; Davis, Matthew B.; Racicot, Rachel A.; Gauthier, Jacques A.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Field, Daniel J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Webster, Timothy H.] Yale Univ, Dept Anthropol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Gauthier, Jacques A.] Yale Univ, Yale Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Hsiang, AY (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, POB 6666, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM allison.hsiang@yale.edu OI Webster, Timothy/0000-0003-1174-2395; Field, Daniel/0000-0002-1786-0352 NR 92 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 25 U2 80 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 15 AR UNSP 87 DI 10.1186/s12862-015-0358-5 PG 22 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CI6AK UT WOS:000354840800001 PM 25989795 ER PT J AU Ronquist, F Nieves-Aldrey, JL Buffington, ML Liu, ZW Liljeblad, J Nylander, JAA AF Ronquist, Fredrik Nieves-Aldrey, Jose-Luis Buffington, Matthew L. Liu, Zhiwei Liljeblad, Johan Nylander, Johan A. A. TI Phylogeny, Evolution and Classification of Gall Wasps: The Plot Thickens SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AUSTRALIAN THRASORINAE HYMENOPTERA; FIGITIDAE HYMENOPTERA; GALLWASPS HYMENOPTERA; OAK GALLWASPS; CYNIPIDAE; CYNIPOIDEA; GENUS; REVISION; SUBFAMILY; INQUILINE AB Gall wasps (Cynipidae) represent the most spectacular radiation of gall-inducing insects. In addition to true gall formers, gall wasps also include phytophagous inquilines, which live inside the galls induced by gall wasps or other insects. Here we present the first comprehensive molecular and total-evidence analyses of higher-level gall wasp relationships. We studied more than 100 taxa representing a rich selection of outgroups and the majority of described cynipid genera outside the diverse oak gall wasps (Cynipini), which were more sparsely sampled. About 5 kb of nucleotide data from one mitochondrial (COI) and four nuclear (28S, LWRh, EF1alpha F1, and EF1alpha F2) markers were analyzed separately and in combination with morphological and life-history data. According to previous morphology-based studies, gall wasps evolved in the Northern Hemisphere and were initially herb gallers. Inquilines originated once from gall inducers that lost the ability to initiate galls. Our results, albeit not conclusive, suggest a different scenario. The first gall wasps were more likely associated with woody host plants, and there must have been multiple origins of gall inducers, inquilines or both. One possibility is that gall inducers arose independently from inquilines in several lineages. Except for these surprising results, our analyses are largely consistent with previous studies. They confirm that gall wasps are conservative in their host-plant preferences, and that herb-galling lineages have radiated repeatedly onto the same set of unrelated host plants. We propose a revised classification of the family into twelve tribes, which are strongly supported as monophyletic across independent datasets. Four are new: Aulacideini, Phanacidini, Diastrophini and Ceroptresini. We present a key to the tribes and discuss their morphological and biological diversity. Until the relationships among the tribes are resolved, the origin and early evolution of gall wasps will remain elusive. C1 [Ronquist, Fredrik; Nylander, Johan A. A.] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bioinformat & Genet, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Nieves-Aldrey, Jose-Luis] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA, Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Liu, Zhiwei] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. [Liljeblad, Johan] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Species Informat Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden. [Nylander, Johan A. A.] Linkoping Univ, Bioinformat Infrastruct Life Sci, Linkoping, Sweden. RP Ronquist, F (reprint author), Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bioinformat & Genet, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. EM fredrik.ronquist@nrm.se RI Ronquist, Fredrik/Q-2013-2015 FU Swedish Research Council [20115622]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CGL-2009-10111, CGL-2010-15786]; Kalbfleisch Fellowship, American Museum of Natural History; Boyd Scholarship, The Field Museum; National Science Foundation [1K12 Gm00708]; (HymAToL), National Science Foundation [DEB-0337220] FX This work received support from: 20115622, Swedish Research Council (http://vr.se): FR. CGL-2009-10111 and CGL-2010-15786, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (http://www.idi.mineco.gob.es): JLNA. Kalbfleisch Fellowship, American Museum of Natural History (http://www.amnh.org): ZL. Boyd Scholarship, The Field Museum (http://www.fieldmuseum.org): ZL. Training Grant #1K12 Gm00708, National Science Foundation (http://www.nsf.gov): ZL. DEB-0337220 (HymAToL), National Science Foundation (http://www.nsf.gov): FR MB. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 34 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0123301 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123301 PG 40 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CI7CV UT WOS:000354921400009 PM 25993346 ER PT J AU Braiding, C Burton, MG Blackwell, R Gluck, C Hawkes, J Kulesa, C Maxted, N Rebolledo, D Rowell, G Stark, A Tothill, N Urquhart, JS Voisin, F Walsh, AJ de Wilt, P Wong, GF AF Braiding, Catherine Burton, M. G. Blackwell, R. Glueck, C. Hawkes, J. Kulesa, C. Maxted, N. Rebolledo, D. Rowell, G. Stark, A. Tothill, N. Urquhart, J. S. Voisin, F. Walsh, A. J. de Wilt, P. Wong, G. F. TI The Mopra Southern Galactic Plane CO Survey - Data Release 1 SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure; ISM: clouds; ISM: molecules; radio lines: ISM surveys ID CHERENKOV TELESCOPE ARRAY; MILKY-WAY; MOLECULAR CLOUD; DESIGN; GALAXY; FIELD; VIEW AB We present observations of the first 10 degrees of longitude in the Mopra CO survey of the southern Galactic plane, covering Galactic longitude l = 320- 330 degrees and latitude b=+/- 0.5 degrees, and l = 327- 330 degrees, b= +0.5-1.0 degrees. These data have been taken at 35-arcsec spatial resolution and 0.1 km s(-1) spectral resolution, providing an unprecedented view of the molecular clouds and gas of the southern Galactic plane in the 109-115 GHz J = 1-0 transitions of (CO)-C-12, (CO)-C-13, (CO)-O-18, and (CO)-O-17. Together with information about the noise statistics from the Mopra telescope, these data can be retrieved from the Mopra CO website and the CSIRO-ATNF data archive. C1 [Braiding, Catherine; Burton, M. G.; Rebolledo, D.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Blackwell, R.; Hawkes, J.; Rowell, G.; Voisin, F.; de Wilt, P.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Phys Sci, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Glueck, C.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, KOSMA, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Kulesa, C.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Maxted, N.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France. [Rebolledo, D.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Stark, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tothill, N.; Wong, G. F.] Univ Western Sydney, Sch Comp Engn & Math, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Urquhart, J. S.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Walsh, A. J.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Wong, G. F.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. RP Braiding, C (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM catherine.braiding@gmail.com RI Walsh, Andrew/B-5627-2013; OI Walsh, Andrew/0000-0001-9506-0855; Maxted, Nigel/0000-0003-2762-8378; Rowell, Gavin/0000-0002-9516-1581; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU Australian Research Council (ARC); ARC [DP120101585] FX The Mopra radio telescope is currently part of the Australia Telescope National Facility. Operations support was provided by the University of New South Wales and the University of Adelaide. Many staff of the ATNF have contributed to the success of the remote operations at Mopra. We particularly wish to acknowledge the contributions of David Brodrick, Philip Edwards, Brett Hiscock, Balt Indermuehle, and Peter Mirtschin. The University of New South Wales Digital Filter Bank used for the observations with the Mopra Telescope (the UNSW-MOPS) was provided with support from the Australian Research Council (ARC). We also acknowledge ARC support through Discovery Project DP120101585. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1323-3580 EI 1448-6083 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. PD MAY 20 PY 2015 VL 32 AR e020 DI 10.1017/pasa.2015.20 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6NL UT WOS:000354876500003 ER PT J AU Schmidt, R Lemeshko, M AF Schmidt, Richard Lemeshko, Mikhail TI Rotation of Quantum Impurities in the Presence of a Many-Body Environment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HELIUM DROPLETS; OPTICAL LATTICE; LIQUID-HELIUM; MOLECULES; SPECTRUM; POLARON; PHYSICS; HE-4 AB We develop a microscopic theory describing a quantum impurity whose rotational degree of freedom is coupled to a many-particle bath. We approach the problem by introducing the concept of an "angulon"-a quantum rotor dressed by a quantum field-and reveal its quasiparticle properties using a combination of variational and diagrammatic techniques. Our theory predicts renormalization of the impurity rotational structure, such as that observed in experiments with molecules in superfluid helium droplets, in terms of a rotational Lamb shift induced by the many-particle environment. Furthermore, we discover a rich many-body-induced fine structure, emerging in rotational spectra due to a redistribution of angular momentum within the quantum many-body system. C1 [Schmidt, Richard] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schmidt, Richard] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lemeshko, Mikhail] IST Austria Inst Sci & Technol Austria, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria. RP Schmidt, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM richard.schmidt@cfa.harvard.edu; mikhail.lemeshko@ist.ac.at FU NSF through a grant for the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics at Harvard University; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX We are grateful to Eugene Demler, Sarang Gopalakrishnan, Michael Knap, Vasili Kharchenko, Markus Oberthaler, Seth Rittenhouse, Robert Seiringer, and Zhenhua Yu for the fruitful discussions. R. S. is grateful for the hospitality during his stay at the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University. The work was supported by the NSF through a grant for the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics at Harvard University and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAY 18 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 20 AR 203001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.203001 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CI7UI UT WOS:000354969900003 PM 26047225 ER PT J AU Brogan, WR Relyea, RA AF Brogan, William R., III Relyea, Rick A. TI Submerged Macrophytes Mitigate Direct and Indirect Insecticide Effects in Freshwater Communities SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MALATHIONS ACUTE TOXICITY; HABITAT COMPLEXITY; PERTURBATION EXPERIMENTS; ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES; AMPHIBIAN COMMUNITIES; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; PREDATOR IDENTITY; HYLA-SQUIRELLA; PLANTS REDUCE; FROGS AB Understanding how ecological interactions mitigate the impacts of perturbations such as pesticides in biological communities is an important basic and applied question for ecologists. In aquatic ecosystems, new evidence from microcosm experiments suggests that submerged macrophytes can buffer cladocerans from pulse exposures to the widely used insecticide malathion, and that mitigation increases with macrophyte density. However, whether these results scale up to more complex aquatic communities where ecological interactions such as competition can alter toxicity is unknown. Further, macrophyte abilities to mitigate different insecticide exposure scenarios (i.e. single versus repeated pulses) have never been tested. To address these gaps, we performed a factorial mesocosm experiment examining the influence of four macrophyte treatments (0, 10, 50, or 100 Elodea Canadensis shoots planted per mesocosm) crossed with three malathion exposure scenarios (no insecticide, single pulse, repeated pulses) on aquatic communities containing zooplankton, phytoplankton, periphyton, two snail species, and larval amphibians. In the absence of macrophytes, single malathion pulses caused short-term declines in cladoceran abundance followed by their rapid recovery, which precluded any indirect effects (i.e. trophic cascades). However, repeated malathion pulses caused cladoceran extinctions, resulting in persistent phytoplankton blooms and reduced abundance of one snail species. In contrast, with macrophytes present, even at low density, malathion had no effect on any taxa. We also discovered novel effects of macrophytes on the benthic food web. In the two highest macrophyte treatments, we observed trends of reduced periphyton biomass, decreased abundance of one snail species, and decreased amphibian time to and mass at metamorphosis. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of negative submerged macrophyte effects on amphibians, a taxa of global conservation concern. Our findings suggest that facilitating macrophytes could be an important strategy for buffering freshwater communities from insecticides, though consideration of their impacts on animal species is necessary. C1 [Brogan, William R., III] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Relyea, Rick A.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Brogan, WR (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM wbrogan@gmail.com FU Sigma Xi [G20090315100640]; Society for Wetland Scientists; L.K. Darbaker Award (University of Pittsburgh); National Science Foundation [NSF DEB 05-18250] FX WRBIII funded this research in part from: 1. Sigma Xi Grants-in-aid-of-research: Funding #: G20090315100640, website - https://www.sigmaxi.org/programs/grants-in-aid, 2. Society for Wetland Scientists: Funding #: N/A, website - http://www.sws.org/, 3. L.K. Darbaker Award (University of Pittsburgh): Funding #: N/A, website - http://biology.pitt.edu/facilities/pymatuning/research-grants. RAR funded this research in part from: National Science Foundation: Funding #: NSF DEB 05-18250, website - http://www.nsf.gov/. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 37 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 15 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR UNSP e0126677 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0126677 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CI7AU UT WOS:000354916100089 PM 25978686 ER PT J AU Graham, L Graff, TG Yingst, RA ten Kate, IL Russell, P AF Graham, Lee Graff, Trevor G. Yingst, R. Aileen ten Kate, Inge L. Russell, Patrick TI 2012 Moon Mars Analog Mission Activities on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Geology; Moon; Mars; Rover ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; MOSSBAUER SPECTROMETER AB Rover-based 2012 Moon and Mars Analog Mission Activities (MMAMA) scientific investigations were completed at Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Scientific investigations, scientific input, and science operations constraints were tested in the context of an existing project and protocols for the field activities designed to help NASA achieve the Vision for Space Exploration. Four separate science investigations were integrated in a Martian analog environment with initial science operations planned based on a model similar to the operations control of the Mars Exploration Rovers (MER). However, evolution of the operations process occurred during the initial planning sessions and as the analog mission progressed. We review here the overall program of the investigation into the origin of the valley including preliminary sensor data results, an applicable methodology for developing an optimum science input based on productive engineering, and science trades and the science operations approach for an investigation into the valley on the upper slopes of Mauna Kea identified as "Apollo Valley". Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of COSPAR. C1 [Graham, Lee] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Explorat Integrat & Sci, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Graff, Trevor G.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Dept Sci, JACOBS, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Yingst, R. Aileen] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [ten Kate, Inge L.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Earth Sci, NL-3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Russell, Patrick] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Graham, L (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Explorat Integrat & Sci, Mail Code X14,2101 NASA Pkwy, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM lee.d.graham@nasa.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 EI 1879-1948 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PD MAY 15 PY 2015 VL 55 IS 10 BP 2405 EP 2413 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2015.01.024 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CH0ZC UT WOS:000353749900003 ER PT J AU French, RA Bina, CR Robinson, MS Watters, TR AF French, Renee A. Bina, Craig R. Robinson, Mark S. Watters, Thomas R. TI Small-scale lunar graben: Distribution, dimensions, and formation processes SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Moon; Tectonics; Moon, surface; Geological processes ID RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER CAMERA; CANYONLANDS-NATIONAL-PARK; NORMAL FAULTS; IMPACT CRATERS; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; MAGMATIC EVOLUTION; MESSENGER FLYBY; CALORIS BASIN; MOON; MERCURY AB The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) is the first instrument to provide widespread coverage with a range of incidence angles at the resolution required to detect small-scale landforms. A sample (n = 238) of globally distributed, small-scale graben average 26 m wide and 179 m long. When dividing the population into those located within mare and highland regions, we observe that graben located within mare tend to be narrower, shorter, and more irregularly spaced than those in highland terrane. For graben associated with contractional landforms, those in mare are smaller in width and length than those in highlands; the same is true for graben independent of contractional landforms. Assuming a simple geometry, widths of mare graben associated with scarps or ridges are used to estimate the minimum depth range to a mechanical discontinuity (e.g., base of the regolith) resulting in values of similar to 4-48 m. These values are similar to the ranges estimated for regolith thickness from previous workers using Apollo 14 seismic data (3.9-8.5 m), crater counting techniques (8-33 m), crater morphology techniques (2.5-9 m), and crater blockiness (8-31 m). Widths of highland graben yield minimum depths of faulting of 209-296 m. While this range agrees well with models for regolith production (an older surface will have thicker regolith), this estimate likely does not represent the thickness of a mechanical unit due to the fragmented nature of the highland crust (it does not provide a defining boundary between bedrock and regolith). Spacing of mare graben not associated with contractional landforms is used to estimate maximum local mare unit thickness for two graben groups: 190 m for Posidonius and 296 m for Vitello. Maximum graben ages range from late Eratosthenian to early Copernican based on superposed and crosscut crater ages with a group of graben deforming ejecta from Copernicus crater. Data presented here provide further evidence of a globally distributed, young, small-scale graben population that has formed as a result of localized extension either from flexural bending or dilation due to contractional faulting or volcanic uplift, indicating a significant level of recent geologic activity. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [French, Renee A.; Bina, Craig R.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Robinson, Mark S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Watters, Thomas R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP French, RA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM renee@earth.northwestern.edu OI Bina, Craig/0000-0001-5946-3737 FU NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter project; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Northwestern University FX This work was supported by the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter project and the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Northwestern University. The authors would like to thank the LROC team for their hard work in data acquisition, distribution, and support, as well as the groups at Arizona State University and University of Arizona for processing NAC stereo pairs into digital elevation models. The authors would like to thank Brett Denevi for her thoughtful and constructive comments. NR 76 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD MAY 15 PY 2015 VL 252 BP 95 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.12.031 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE8TW UT WOS:000352118000006 ER PT J AU Yao, JL Kula, RR Wharton, RA Chen, JH AF Yao, Junli Kula, Robert R. Wharton, Robert A. Chen, Jiahua TI Four new species of Tanycarpa (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae) from the Palaearctic Region and new records of species from China SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Alysiini; Asia; identification; key; range extension; taxonomy ID REVISION AB Four new species of Tanycarpa (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae), T. gymnonotum Yao sp. n., T. similis Yao sp. n., T. areolata Yao sp. n., and T. lineata Yao sp. n., are described from the Palaearctic Region of China, and T. chors Belokobylskij is newly recorded from China. Significant range extensions are given for T. bicolor (Nees von Esenbeck), T. gracilicornis (Nees von Esenbeck), and T. mitis Stelfox. A key to the Palaearctic species of Tanycarpa is provided. C1 [Yao, Junli; Chen, Jiahua] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Beneficial Insects Inst, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Kula, Robert R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wharton, Robert A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Chen, JH (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Beneficial Insects Inst, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM yao.junli.china@gmail.com; Robert.Kula@ars.usda.gov; rawbaw2@tamu.edu; JhChen34@163.com FU Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program in Colleges and Universities for the project Systemic Studies on Alysiinae of China [20113515110003] FX The images in this paper were acquired by the first author with the help of Andrew Ly and Danielle Restuccia while the first author was visiting Texas A&M University. We thank Dr. Dicky Yu for providing many references. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This research was supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program in Colleges and Universities (2011) for the project Systemic Studies on Alysiinae of China (code: 20113515110003). NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 14 PY 2015 VL 3957 IS 2 BP 169 EP 187 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI8BV UT WOS:000354993400002 PM 26249064 ER PT J AU Kuprewicz, EK AF Kuprewicz, Erin K. TI Scatter Hoarding of Seeds Confers Survival Advantages and Disadvantages to Large-Seeded Tropical Plants at Different Life Stages SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NEOTROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; DIPTERYX-PANAMENSIS; PREDATION; TREE; DISPERSAL; RODENTS; PALM; RECRUITMENT; DYNAMICS; PANAMA AB Scatter hoarding of seeds by animals contributes significantly to forest-level processes, including plant recruitment and forest community composition. However, the potential positive and negative effects of caching on seed survival, germination success, and seedling survival have rarely been assessed through experimental studies. Here, I tested the hypothesis that seed burial mimicking caches made by scatter hoarding Central American agoutis (Dasyprocta punctate) enhances seed survival, germination, and growth by protecting seeds from seed predators and providing favorable microhabitats for germination. In a series of experiments, I used simulated agouti seed caches to assess how hoarding affects seed predation by ground-dwelling invertebrates and vertebrates for four plant species. I tracked germination and seedling growth of intact and beetle-infested seeds and, using exclosures, monitored the effects of mammals on seedling survival through time. All experiments were conducted over three years in a lowland wet forest in Costa Rica. The majority of hoarded palm seeds escaped predation by both invertebrates and vertebrates while exposed seeds suffered high levels of infestation and removal. Hoarding had no effect on infestation rates of D. panamensis, but burial negatively affected germination success by preventing endocarp dehiscence. Non-infested palm seeds had higher germination success and produced larger seedlings than infested seeds. Seedlings of A. alatum and I. deltoidea suffered high mortality by seed-eating mammals. Hoarding protected most seeds from predators and enhanced germination success (except for D. panamensis) and seedling growth, although mammals killed many seedlings of two plant species; all seedling deaths were due to seed removal from the plant base. Using experimental caches, this study shows that scatter hoarding is beneficial to most seeds and may positively affect plant propagation in tropical forests, although tradeoffs in seed survival do exist. C1 [Kuprewicz, Erin K.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Kuprewicz, EK (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM erinkuprewicz@gmail.com FU Organization for Tropical Studies; University of Miami FX Funding for this project was provided by the Organization for Tropical Studies, http://ots.ac.cr/ (Emily P. Foster Fund and Rowe Family Fellowship) and the University of Miami, http://www.miami.edu/ (Curtis Plant Sciences Scholarship, Kushlan Fund, and Center for Latin American Studies Doctoral Research Fellowship). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 13 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0124932 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0124932 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CI1ZP UT WOS:000354544200057 PM 25970832 ER PT J AU Larabee, FJ Suarez, AV AF Larabee, Fredrick J. Suarez, Andrew V. TI Mandible-Powered Escape Jumps in Trap-Jaw Ants Increase Survival Rates during Predator-Prey Encounters SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ODONTOMACHUS; NEUROPTERA; FORMICIDAE; MYRMELEON; FLORIDA; LARVAE; KEY; DIVERSIFICATION; HYMENOPTERA; PERFORMANCE AB Animals use a variety of escape mechanisms to increase the probability of surviving predatory attacks. Antipredator defenses can be elaborate, making their evolutionary origin unclear. Trap-jaw ants are known for their rapid and powerful predatory mandible strikes, and some species have been observed to direct those strikes at the substrate, thereby launching themselves into the air away from a potential threat. This potential escape mechanism has never been examined in a natural context. We studied the use of mandible-powered jumping in Odontomachus brunneus during their interactions with a common ant predator: pit-building antlions. We observed that while trap-jaw ant workers escaped from antlion pits by running in about half of interactions, in 15% of interactions they escaped by mandible-powered jumping. To test whether escape jumps improved individual survival, we experimentally prevented workers from jumping and measured their escape rate. Workers with unrestrained mandibles escaped from antlion pits significantly more frequently than workers with restrained mandibles. Our results indicate that some trap-jaw ant species can use mandible-powered jumps to escape from common predators. These results also provide a charismatic example of evolutionary co-option, where a trait that evolved for one function (predation) has been co-opted for another (defense). C1 [Larabee, Fredrick J.; Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Larabee, Fredrick J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Larabee, FJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM larabee@life.illinois.edu FU American Museum of Natural History; Society of Integrative and Comparative Biology; National Science Foundation [1407279]; National Geographic Committee for Research and Exploration [9481-14] FX Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Grant from the American Museum of Natural History was awarded to FJL (http://www.amnh.org/our-research/richard-gilder-graduate-school/academi cs-and-research/fellowship-and-grant-opportunities/research-grants-and-s tudent-exchange-fellowships); Libbie Hyman Memorial Grant from the Society of Integrative and Comparative Biology was awarded to FJL (http://sicb.org/grants/hyman/); Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (Award Number 1407279) from the National Science Foundation was awarded to FJL (http://www.nsf.gov/); and National Geographic Committee for Research and Exploration (Award Number 9481-14) was awarded to AVS (http://www.nationalgeographic.com/explorers/grants-programs/cre-applica tion/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 13 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0124871 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0124871 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CI1ZP UT WOS:000354544200054 PM 25970637 ER PT J AU Rodrigues, FD Mathis, WN Hauser, M AF Rodrigues Junior, Francisco De Assis Mathis, Wayne Nielsen Hauser, Martin TI Argentine Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Ephydridae): new species and key to identification SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Hydrellia egeriae sp nov.; Leafminer; Shore-fly; New World; Neotropical Region AB Hydrellia egeriae sp. nov., a new species of Hydrellia from Campana (34 14' 04 S, 58 52' 32 W) and Hurlingham (3435' 14 S, 5838' 27 W), Buenos Aires province, Argentina is described. A key to the Argentine Hydrellia species is presented. C1 [Rodrigues Junior, Francisco De Assis] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, Dept Entomol, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Mathis, Wayne Nielsen] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hauser, Martin] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. RP Rodrigues, FD (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, Dept Entomol, Quinta Boa Vista S-N, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM rodriguesjuniorfa@gmail.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 13 PY 2015 VL 3957 IS 1 BP 131 EP 136 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI8BU UT WOS:000354993300011 ER PT J AU Mocz, P Succi, S AF Mocz, Philip Succi, Sauro TI Numerical solution of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation using smoothed-particle hydrodynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; GROUND-STATE SOLUTION; LATTICE-GAS; ATOMIC GAS; DARK; WAVE; COMPUTATION; SIMULATION; FLOWS; HEAT AB We formulate a smoothed-particle hydrodynamics numerical method, traditionally used for the Euler equations for fluid dynamics in the context of astrophysical simulations, to solve the nonlinear Schrodinger equation in the Madelung formulation. The probability density of the wave function is discretized into moving particles, whose properties are smoothed by a kernel function. The traditional fluid pressure is replaced by a quantum pressure tensor, for which a robust discretization is found. We demonstrate our numerical method on a variety of numerical test problems involving the simple harmonic oscillator, soliton-soliton collision, Bose-Einstein condensates, collapsing singularities, and dark matter halos governed by the Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson equation. Our method is conservative, applicable to unbounded domains, and is automatically adaptive in its resolution, making it well suited to study problems with collapsing solutions. C1 [Mocz, Philip] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Succi, Sauro] CNR, Ist Applicaz Calcolo, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Succi, Sauro] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Inst Appl Computat Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mocz, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pmocz@cfa.harvard.edu; succi@iac.cnr.it RI Succi, Sauro/E-4606-2015; OI Succi, Sauro/0000-0002-3070-3079; Mocz, Philip/0000-0001-6631-2566 FU National Science Foundation [DGE-1144152] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1144152 (P.M.). P.M. would like to thank D. Marsh and X. Guo for careful reading of the manuscript, and H.Y. Schive for valuable discussions. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY 13 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 5 AR 053304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.053304 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA CI2BZ UT WOS:000354551000009 PM 26066276 ER PT J AU Cranmer, SR Asgari-Targhi, M Miralles, MP Raymond, JC Strachan, L Tian, H Woolsey, LN AF Cranmer, Steven R. Asgari-Targhi, Mahboubeh Miralles, Mari Paz Raymond, John C. Strachan, Leonard Tian, Hui Woolsey, Lauren N. TI The role of turbulence in coronal heating and solar wind expansion SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE heliosphere; plasma physics; solar atmosphere; solar corona; solar wind; turbulence ID ALFVEN-WAVE TURBULENCE; PHOTOSPHERIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; EJECTION CURRENT SHEET; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; TRANSITION REGION; LOW-FREQUENCY; MHD TURBULENCE; INTERCHANGE RECONNECTION; HYDROMAGNETIC TURBULENCE; INTERPLANETARY MEDIUM AB Plasma in the Sun's hot corona expands into the heliosphere as a supersonic and highly magnetized solar wind. This paper provides an overview of our current understanding of how the corona is heated and how the solar wind is accelerated. Recent models of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence have progressed to the point of successfully predicting many observed properties of this complex, multi-scale system. However, it is not clear whether the heating in open-field regions comes mainly from the dissipation of turbulent fluctuations that are launched from the solar surface, or whether the chaotic 'magnetic carpet' in the low corona energizes the system via magnetic reconnection. To help pin down the physics, we also review some key observational results fromultraviolet spectroscopy of the collisionless outer corona. C1 [Cranmer, Steven R.; Asgari-Targhi, Mahboubeh; Miralles, Mari Paz; Raymond, John C.; Strachan, Leonard; Tian, Hui; Woolsey, Lauren N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cranmer, Steven R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USA. RP Cranmer, SR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM scranmer@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNX-10-AC11G, NNX-14-AG99G, NX-06-AG95G, NNX-09-AH22G, NNX-10-AQ58G]; NSF SHINE program [AGS-1259519] FX S.R.C.'s work was supported by NASA grant nos. NNX-10-AC11G and NNX-14-AG99G, and NSF SHINE program grant no. AGS-1259519. M.P.M.'s work was supported by NASA grant nos. NNX-06-AG95G, NNX-09-AH22G and NNX-10-AQ58G. The SOHO mission is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA. NR 148 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 19 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1364-503X EI 1471-2962 J9 PHILOS T R SOC A JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. PD MAY 13 PY 2015 VL 373 IS 2041 AR 20140148 DI 10.1098/rsta.2014.0148 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG5BK UT WOS:000353304500005 ER PT J AU Freidl, GS Binger, T Muller, MA de Bruin, E van Beek, J Corman, VM Rasche, A Drexler, JF Sylverken, A Oppong, SK Adu-Sarkodie, Y Tschapka, M Cottontail, VM Drosten, C Koopmans, M AF Freidl, Gudrun Stephanie Binger, Tabea Mueller, Marcel Alexander de Bruin, Erwin van Beek, Janko Corman, Victor Max Rasche, Andrea Drexler, Jan Felix Sylverken, Augustina Oppong, Samuel K. Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw Tschapka, Marco Cottontail, Veronika M. Drosten, Christian Koopmans, Marion TI Serological Evidence of Influenza A Viruses in Frugivorous Bats from Africa SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; WILDLIFE; ECOLOGY; ASSAYS AB Bats are likely natural hosts for a range of zoonotic viruses such as Marburg, Ebola, Rabies, as well as for various Corona-and Paramyxoviruses. In 2009/10, researchers discovered RNA of two novel influenza virus subtypes - H17N10 and H18N11 - in Central and South American fruit bats. The identification of bats as possible additional reservoir for influenza A viruses raises questions about the role of this mammalian taxon in influenza A virus ecology and possible public health relevance. As molecular testing can be limited by a short time window in which the virus is present, serological testing provides information about past infections and virus spread in populations after the virus has been cleared. This study aimed at screening available sera from 100 free-ranging, frugivorous bats (Eidolon helvum) sampled in 2009/10 in Ghana, for the presence of antibodies against the complete panel of influenza A haemagglutinin (HA) types ranging from H1 to H18 by means of a protein microarray platform. This technique enables simultaneous serological testing against multiple recombinant HA-types in 5 mu l of serum. Preliminary results indicate serological evidence against avian influenza subtype H9 in about 30% of the animals screened, with low-level cross-reactivity to phylogenetically closely related subtypes H8 and H12. To our knowledge, this is the first report of serological evidence of influenza A viruses other than H17 and H18 in bats. As avian influenza subtype H9 is associated with human infections, the implications of our findings from a public health context remain to be investigated. C1 [Freidl, Gudrun Stephanie; de Bruin, Erwin; van Beek, Janko; Koopmans, Marion] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Ctr Infect Dis Res Diagnost & Screening, Dept Virol, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Freidl, Gudrun Stephanie; de Bruin, Erwin; van Beek, Janko; Koopmans, Marion] Erasmus MC, Virosci Dept, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Binger, Tabea; Mueller, Marcel Alexander; Corman, Victor Max; Rasche, Andrea; Drexler, Jan Felix; Drosten, Christian] Univ Bonn, Med Ctr, Inst Virol, Bonn, Germany. [Sylverken, Augustina; Oppong, Samuel K.; Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw] Kumasi Ctr Collaborat Res Trop Med, Kumasi, Ghana. [Oppong, Samuel K.; Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Kumasi, Ghana. [Tschapka, Marco; Cottontail, Veronika M.] Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Freidl, GS (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Ctr Infect Dis Res Diagnost & Screening, Dept Virol, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM gudrun.freidl@rivm.nl OI Mueller, Marcel/0000-0003-2242-5117; Corman, Victor Max/0000-0002-3605-0136 FU European Commission [278976] FX This project was funded by the European Commission's FP7 program under the umbrella of the Antigone project - ANTIcipating the Global onset of Novel Epidemics (project number 278976, http://antigonefp7.eu/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 12 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0127035 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0127035 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CI1ZI UT WOS:000354543500088 PM 25965069 ER PT J AU Leslie, HM Basurto, X Nenadovic, M Sievanen, L Cavanaugh, KC Cota-Nieto, JJ Erisman, BE Finkbeiner, E Hinojosa-Arango, G Moreno-Baez, M Nagavarapu, S Reddy, SMW Sanchez-Rodriguez, A Siegel, K Ulibarria-Valenzuela, JJ Weaver, AH Aburto-Oropeza, O AF Leslie, Heather M. Basurto, Xavier Nenadovic, Mateja Sievanen, Leila Cavanaugh, Kyle C. Jose Cota-Nieto, Juan Erisman, Brad E. Finkbeiner, Elena Hinojosa-Arango, Gustavo Moreno-Baez, Marcia Nagavarapu, Sriniketh Reddy, Sheila M. W. Sanchez-Rodriguez, Alexandra Siegel, Katherine Juan Ulibarria-Valenzuela, Jose Hudson Weaver, Amy Aburto-Oropeza, Octavio TI Operationalizing the social-ecological systems framework to assess sustainability SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE coupled natural and human systems; marine; governance; small-scale fisheries; conservation science ID SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; COMMONS; GOVERNANCE AB Environmental governance is more effective when the scales of ecological processes are well matched with the human institutions charged with managing human-environment interactions. The social-ecological systems (SESs) framework provides guidance on how to assess the social and ecological dimensions that contribute to sustainable resource use and management, but rarely if ever has been operationalized for multiple localities in a spatially explicit, quantitative manner. Here, we use the case of small-scale fisheries in Baja California Sur, Mexico, to identify distinct SES regions and test key aspects of coupled SESs theory. Regions that exhibit greater potential for social-ecological sustainability in one dimension do not necessarily exhibit it in others, highlighting the importance of integrative, coupled system analyses when implementing spatial planning and other ecosystem-based strategies. C1 [Leslie, Heather M.; Sievanen, Leila; Cavanaugh, Kyle C.; Reddy, Sheila M. W.; Siegel, Katherine] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Leslie, Heather M.; Sievanen, Leila; Cavanaugh, Kyle C.; Nagavarapu, Sriniketh; Reddy, Sheila M. W.; Siegel, Katherine] Brown Univ, Inst Brown Environm & Soc, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Basurto, Xavier; Nenadovic, Mateja] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. [Sievanen, Leila] Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. [Cavanaugh, Kyle C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Smithsonian Inst, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Jose Cota-Nieto, Juan; Hinojosa-Arango, Gustavo; Moreno-Baez, Marcia; Sanchez-Rodriguez, Alexandra] Ctr Biodiversidad Marina & Conservac AC, La Paz 23090, Bcs, Mexico. [Erisman, Brad E.; Moreno-Baez, Marcia; Aburto-Oropeza, Octavio] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Marine Biol Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Finkbeiner, Elena] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Nagavarapu, Sriniketh] Brown Univ, Dept Econ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Reddy, Sheila M. W.] Nature Conservancy, Cent Sci Div, Durham, NC 27701 USA. [Juan Ulibarria-Valenzuela, Jose] Fondo Protecc Recursos Marinos, La Paz 23090, Bcs, Mexico. [Hudson Weaver, Amy] Soc Hist Nat Niparaja AC, La Paz 23020, Bcs, Mexico. RP Leslie, HM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM heather.m.leslie@gmail.com; xavier.basurto@duke.edu OI Leslie, Heather/0000-0003-4512-9417 FU US National Science Foundation [GEO 1114964]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Brown University's Environmental Change Initiative; Voss Environmental Fellowship Program; Walton Family Foundation; World Wildlife Fund Fuller Fellowship Program FX We appreciate the thoughtful and constructive comments provided by S. Levin, M. Ballestreros, and two anonymous reviewers on earlier versions of this manuscript, and we thank our community partners, who have contributed to our individual and collaborative activities in the region. Funding was provided by the US National Science Foundation (GEO 1114964, to H.M.L., S.N., S.M.W.R., and O.A.-O.), The David and Lucile Packard Foundation (H.M.L., O.A.-O., B.E.E., and M.M.-B.), Brown University's Environmental Change Initiative (H.M.L., L.S., S.N., and S.M.W.R.), Voss Environmental Fellowship Program (K.S.), The Walton Family Foundation (X.B., O.A.-O., B.E.E., M.M.-B., and M.N.), and the World Wildlife Fund Fuller Fellowship Program (M.N.). NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 9 U2 60 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 12 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 19 BP 5979 EP 5984 DI 10.1073/pnas.1414640112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH9XS UT WOS:000354390600049 PM 25918372 ER PT J AU Bacon, CD Silvestro, D Jaramillo, C Smith, BT Chakrabarty, P Antonelli, A AF Bacon, Christine D. Silvestro, Daniele Jaramillo, Carlos Smith, Brian Tilston Chakrabarty, Prosanta Antonelli, Alexandre TI Biological evidence supports an early and complex emergence of the Isthmus of Panama SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE biogeography; evolution; neotropics; fossil; migration ID AMERICAN BIOTIC INTERCHANGE; NORTHWESTERN SOUTH-AMERICA; WESTERN PANAMA; NORTH-AMERICA; MIOCENE; COLLISION; HISTORY; CLOSURE; ARC; EVOLUTION AB The linking of North and South America by the Isthmus of Panama had major impacts on global climate, oceanic and atmospheric currents, and biodiversity, yet the timing of this critical event remains contentious. The Isthmus is traditionally understood to have fully closed by ca. 3.5 million years ago (Ma), and this date has been used as a benchmark for oceanographic, climatic, and evolutionary research, but recent evidence suggests a more complex geological formation. Here, we analyze both molecular and fossil data to evaluate the tempo of biotic exchange across the Americas in light of geological evidence. We demonstrate significant waves of dispersal of terrestrial organisms at approximately ca. 20 and 6 Ma and corresponding events separating marine organisms in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans at ca. 23 and 7 Ma. The direction of dispersal and their rates were symmetrical until the last ca. 6 Ma, when northern migration of South American lineages increased significantly. Variability among taxa in their timing of dispersal or vicariance across the Isthmus is not explained by the ecological factors tested in these analyses, including biome type, dispersal ability, and elevation preference. Migration was therefore not generally regulated by intrinsic traits but more likely reflects the presence of emergent terrain several millions of years earlier than commonly assumed. These results indicate that the dramatic biotic turnover associated with the Great American Biotic Interchange was a long and complex process that began as early as the Oligocene-Miocene transition. C1 [Bacon, Christine D.; Jaramillo, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Panama. [Bacon, Christine D.; Silvestro, Daniele; Antonelli, Alexandre] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, SE-41319 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Silvestro, Daniele] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Silvestro, Daniele] Swiss Inst Bioinformat, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Smith, Brian Tilston] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Ornithol, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Smith, Brian Tilston; Chakrabarty, Prosanta] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Antonelli, Alexandre] Gothenburg Bot Garden, SE-41319 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Bacon, CD (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Panama. EM christinedbacon@gmail.com RI Chakrabarty, Prosanta/E-3307-2010; Antonelli, Alexandre/A-5353-2011 OI Silvestro, Daniele/0000-0003-0100-0961; Antonelli, Alexandre/0000-0003-1842-9297 FU Smithsonian Institution; Wenner-Gren and Carl Tryggers foundations; Autoridad del Canal de Panama; National Science Foundation [EAR 0824299, OISE/EAR/DRL 0966884, DEB 0916695, DEB 1354149]; National Geographic Society; Swedish Research Council [B0569601]; European Research Council under European Union [331024]; Mark Tupper Smithsonian Fellowship, Ricardo Perez S.A. FX We thank Fernando Alda, Eldridge Bermingham, Juan David Carillo, Anthony Coates, David Dilcher, John Klicka, Harilaos Lessios, Camilo Montes, Andres Mora, Geovanni Romero, Pierre Sepulchre, and The Panama Canal Project-Partnerships in International Research and Education participants for discussions. We are grateful to the Paleobiology Database team for reviewing and databasing the fossil data used in this study. Data analyses were run at the high-performance computing center Vital-IT of the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (Lausanne, Switzerland). Financial support was provided by a postdoctoral research fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution (to C.D.B.); the Wenner-Gren and Carl Tryggers foundations (D.S.); the Autoridad del Canal de Panama, the Mark Tupper Smithsonian Fellowship, Ricardo Perez S.A., National Science Foundation Grants EAR 0824299 and OISE/EAR/DRL 0966884, and the National Geographic Society (to C.J.); National Science Foundation Grants DEB 0916695 and DEB 1354149 (to P.C.); and Swedish Research Council Grant B0569601 and European Research Council Grant 331024 under European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP/2007-2013 (to A.A.). NR 39 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 10 U2 70 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 12 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 19 BP 6110 EP 6115 DI 10.1073/pnas.1423853112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH9XS UT WOS:000354390600071 PM 25918375 ER PT J AU Peris, CS Vrtilek, SD Steiner, JF Vrtilek, JM Wu, JF McClintock, JE Longa-Pena, P Steeghs, D Callanan, P Ho, LC Orosz, JA Reynolds, MT AF Peris, Charith S. Vrtilek, Saeqa D. Steiner, James F. Vrtilek, Jan M. Wu, Jianfeng McClintock, Jeffrey E. Longa-Pena, Penelope Steeghs, Danny Callanan, Paul Ho, Luis C. Orosz, Jerome A. Reynolds, Mark T. TI Tomography of X-ray Nova Muscae 1991: evidence for ongoing mass transfer and stream-disc overflow SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; binaries: close; stars: individual: Nova Muscae 1991; X-rays: binaries ID BLACK-HOLE; DOPPLER TOMOGRAPHY; ACCRETION DISC; A0620-00; SPECTROSCOPY; SIMULATIONS; QUIESCENCE; BINARIES AB We present a spectroscopic analysis of the black hole binary NovaMuscae 1991 in quiescence using data obtained in 2009 with Magellan Echelette on the Magellan Clay telescope and in 2010 with IMACS on the Magellan Baade telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory. Emission from the disc is observed in H alpha, H beta and Ca II (lambda 8662). A prominent hotspot is observed in the Doppler maps of all three emission lines. The existence of this spot establishes ongoing mass transfer from the donor star in 2009-2010 and, given its absence in the 1993-1995 observations, demonstrates the presence of a variable hotspot in the system. We find the radial distance to the hotspot from the black hole to be consistent with the circularization radius. Our tomograms are suggestive of stream-disc overflow in the system. We also detect possible Ca II (lambda 8662) absorption from the donor star. C1 [Peris, Charith S.; Vrtilek, Saeqa D.; Steiner, James F.; Vrtilek, Jan M.; Wu, Jianfeng; McClintock, Jeffrey E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Peris, Charith S.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Longa-Pena, Penelope; Steeghs, Danny] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Callanan, Paul] Univ Coll Cork, Dept Phys, Cork, Ireland. [Ho, Luis C.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Ho, Luis C.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Orosz, Jerome A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Reynolds, Mark T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Peris, CS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cperis@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF-51315.01]; Kavli Foundation; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Science [XDB09030102] FX We gratefully acknowledge the use of the MOLLY software package written by Tom Marsh. We would like to thank Jorge Casares for sharing his data on Nova Muscae with us. We would also like to thank the referee for helpful comments. JFS has been supported by NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-51315.01. LCH acknowledges support from the Kavli Foundation, Peking University, and the Chinese Academy of Science through grant no. XDB09030102 (Emergence of Cosmological Structures) from the Strategic Priority Research Program. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 11 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 2 BP 1584 EP 1592 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv407 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2TN UT WOS:000355337500034 ER PT J AU Collinson, JS Ward, MJ Done, C Landt, H Elvis, M McDowell, JC AF Collinson, James S. Ward, Martin J. Done, Chris Landt, Hermine Elvis, Martin McDowell, Jonathan C. TI Reaching the peak of the quasar spectral energy distribution - I. Observations and models SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; galaxies: active; galaxies: high-redshift; quasars: supermassive black holes ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLE MASSES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; EMISSION-LINE PROPERTIES; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; X-RAY EXCESS; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; DATA RELEASE; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; 1H 0707-495 AB We perform a spectral analysis of a sample of 11 medium redshift (1.5 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 2.2) quasars. Our sample all have optical spectra from the SDSS, infrared spectra from GNIRS and TripleSpec, and X-ray spectra from XMM-Newton. We first analyse the Balmer broad emission line profiles which are shifted into the IR spectra to constrain black hole masses. Then we fit an energy-conserving, three component accretion model of the broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) to our multiwavelength data. 5 out of the 11 quasars show evidence of an SED peak, allowing us to constrain their bolometric luminosity from these models and estimate their mass accretion rates. Based on our limited sample, we suggest that estimating bolometric luminosities from L-5100 angstrom and L2-10 keV may be unreliable, as has been also noted for a low-redshift, X-ray selected active galactic nucleus sample. C1 [Collinson, James S.; Ward, Martin J.; Done, Chris; Landt, Hermine] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Elvis, Martin; McDowell, Jonathan C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Collinson, JS (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM j.s.collinson@durham.ac.uk RI done, chris/D-4605-2016 OI done, chris/0000-0002-1065-7239 FU STFC FX JSC would like to acknowledge the support of an STFC studentship, and also useful advice from Charles Finn, Emma Gardner, Chichuan Jin and Sarah Hutton. NR 70 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 11 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 2 BP 2174 EP 2193 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv362 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2TN UT WOS:000355337500083 ER PT J AU Diaz, MC Thacker, RW Redmond, NE Perez, T Collins, AG AF Diaz, Maria C. Thacker, Robert W. Redmond, Niamh E. Perez, Thierry Collins, Allen G. TI Vansoestia caribensis gen. nov., sp nov.: first report of the family Ianthellidae (Verongida, Demospongiae) in the Caribbean SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Ianthella; Anomoianthella; sponges; cortex; synapomorphy; clade ID SPONGES; REVISION AB A thin fiber-less sponge from Caribbean reefs (Bocas del Toro, Panama) with close genetic affinities (based on 18S and 28S nuclear ribosomal RNA gene sequences) to large fan-shaped fiber-bearing sponges (Ianthella and Anomoianthella) from the Indo-Pacific Ocean is here presented. We describe its overall external morphology, histological features, and ultrastructure. Its genetic distance from the only previously known fiber-less verongid genus, Hexadella, prompted the need to erect a new genus to classify this species. This novel species constitutes the first record for a member of the family Ianthellidae in the Caribbean. The characterization of the family Ianthellidae (sensu Cook and Bergquist, 2000) is here modified by: i) highlighting the cavernous nature of the choanosome, with many lacunae and channels reported for all genera included in the family; ii) extending the family distribution to the Caribbean; and iii) adding a fourth genus to the group of verongids with eurypylous chambers. The possession of a cellularized cortex (10-300 mu m in thickness) is here proposed as a potential synapomorphic character of the Ianthella-Anomoianthella-Vansoestia clade. The main issues regarding the suprageneric classification of verongids are discussed. C1 [Diaz, Maria C.] Museo Marino, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela. [Diaz, Maria C.] NOVA SEU, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. [Thacker, Robert W.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Redmond, Niamh E.; Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Redmond, Niamh E.; Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Perez, Thierry] Inst Mediterraneen Biodivers & Ecol Marine & Cont, CNRS, UMR 7263, F-13007 Marseille, France. [Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Diaz, MC (reprint author), Museo Marino, Blvd Boca Rio, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela. EM taxochica@gmail.com FU US National Science Foundation, Division of Environmental Biology to the Porifera Tree of Life project [0829763, 0829783, 0829791, 0829986]; University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Center for AIDS Research - US National Institutes of Health [P30 AI027767] FX This work was supported by grants from the US National Science Foundation, Division of Environmental Biology to the Porifera Tree of Life project [grant numbers 0829763, 0829783, 0829791, and 0829986]. This research was also supported by the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Center for AIDS Research, funded by the US National Institutes of Health [programP30 AI027767]. Dr. Chris Freeman, Kenan Matterson, Dr. Rachel Collin, and the staff of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's Bocas del Toro Research Station provided field assistance. Dr. Susan Laramore assisted on the Histological Lab, at HBOI-FAU, and Sandrine Chenesseau kindly realized cytological sections at IMBE, Marseille. Dr. Eduardo Hajdu (Museu Nacional, UFRJ, Brazil) for editorial comments. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 11 PY 2015 VL 3956 IS 3 BP 403 EP 412 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI8BO UT WOS:000354992700005 PM 26248926 ER PT J AU Chesser, RT AF Chesser, R. Terry TI A further note on the scientific name of Bullocks' Oriole SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Letter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chesser, RT (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM chessert@si.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 11 PY 2015 VL 3956 IS 3 BP 444 EP 444 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI8BO UT WOS:000354992700009 PM 26248930 ER PT J AU Chan, CK Lee, TE Gopalakrishnan, S AF Chan, Ching-Kit Lee, Tony E. Gopalakrishnan, Sarang TI Limit-cycle phase in driven-dissipative spin systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ION QUANTUM SIMULATOR AB We explore the phase diagram of interacting spin-1/2 systems in the presence of anisotropic interactions, spontaneous decay, and driving. We find a rich phase diagram featuring a limit-cycle phase in which the magnetization oscillates in time. We analyze the spatiotemporal fluctuations of this limit-cycle phase based on a Gaussian-Floquet analysis. Spatial fluctuations destroy long-range limit-cycle ordering for dimension d <= 2, as a time-dependent generalization of the Mermin-Wagner theorem. This result can be interpreted in terms of a spatiotemporal Goldstone mode corresponding to phase fluctuations of the limit cycle. We also demonstrate that the limit-cycle phase exhibits an asymmetric power spectrum measurable in fluorescence experiments. C1 [Chan, Ching-Kit; Lee, Tony E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chan, Ching-Kit; Lee, Tony E.; Gopalakrishnan, Sarang] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Chan, CK (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NSF; Croucher Foundation FX We thank Lukas Sieberer for drawing our attention to Ref. [42]. This work was supported by the NSF through a grant to ITAMP. C.K.C. acknowledges support from the Croucher Foundation. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY 11 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 5 AR 051601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.91.051601 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CH9IP UT WOS:000354349500001 ER PT J AU Banados, E Venemans, BP Morganson, E Hodge, J Decarli, R Walter, F Stern, D Schlafly, E Farina, EP Greiner, J Chambers, KC Fan, X Rix, HW Burgett, WS Draper, PW Flewelling, J Kaiser, N Metcalfe, N Morgan, JS Tonry, JL Wainscoat, RJ AF Banados, E. Venemans, B. P. Morganson, E. Hodge, J. Decarli, R. Walter, F. Stern, D. Schlafly, E. Farina, E. P. Greiner, J. Chambers, K. C. Fan, X. Rix, H-W Burgett, W. S. Draper, P. W. Flewelling, J. Kaiser, N. Metcalfe, N. Morgan, J. S. Tonry, J. L. Wainscoat, R. J. TI CONSTRAINING THE RADIO-LOUD FRACTION OF QUASARS AT z > 5.5 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; quasars: general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SIMILAR-TO 6; SOUTHERN SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC STANDARDS; OPTICALLY SELECTED QUASARS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLE MASSES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; HIGH-REDSHIFT; Z-SIMILAR-TO-6 QUASARS; HIGH-RESOLUTION AB Radio-loud active galactic nuclei at z similar to 2-4 are typically located in dense environments and their host galaxies are among the most massive systems at those redshifts, providing key insights for galaxy evolution. Finding radio-loud quasars at the highest accessible redshifts (z similar to 6) is important to the study of their properties and environments at even earlier cosmic time. They could also serve as background sources for radio surveys intended to study the intergalactic medium beyond the epoch of reionization in HI 21 cm absorption. Currently, only five radio-loud (R= f(v,5) (GHz)/f(v,4400) (angstrom) > 10) quasars are known at z similar to 6. In this paper we search for 5.5 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 7.2 quasars by cross-matching the optical Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System 1 and radio Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty cm surveys. The radio information allows identification of quasars missed by typical color-based selections. While we find no good 6.4 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 7.2 quasar candidates at the sensitivities of these surveys, we discover two new radio-loud quasars at z similar to 6. Furthermore, we identify two additional z similar to 6 radio-loud quasars that were not previously known to be radio-loud, nearly doubling the current z similar to 6 sample. We show the importance of having infrared photometry for z > 5.5 quasars to robustly classify them as radio-quiet or radioloud. Based on this, we reclassify the quasar J0203+0012 (z = 5.72), previously considered radio-loud, to be radio-quiet. Using the available data in the literature, we constrain the radio-loud fraction of quasars at z similar to 6, using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, to be 8.1(-3.2)(+5.0)%. This result is consistent with there being no evolution of the radio-loud fraction with redshift, in contrast to what has been suggested by some studies at lower redshifts. C1 [Banados, E.; Venemans, B. P.; Decarli, R.; Walter, F.; Schlafly, E.; Farina, E. P.; Rix, H-W] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Morganson, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hodge, J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Greiner, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Chambers, K. C.; Burgett, W. S.; Flewelling, J.; Kaiser, N.; Morgan, J. S.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R. J.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Fan, X.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Draper, P. W.; Metcalfe, N.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Banados, E (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM banados@mpia.de OI Farina, Emanuele Paolo/0000-0002-6822-2254; Banados, Eduardo/0000-0002-2931-7824; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Schlafly, Edward Ford/0000-0002-3569-7421 FU ERC grant "Cosmic Dawn"; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877]; NSF [AST-9987045]; NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP); Ohio Board of Regents; Ohio State University Office of Research; DFG [HA 1850/28-1]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We thank the anonymous referee for providing excellent suggestions and comments that improved the manuscript. E. B. thanks the IMPRS for Astronomy & Cosmic Physics at the University of Heidelberg. E. P. F. and B. P. V. acknowledge funding through the ERC grant "Cosmic Dawn." We thank F. Ardila, M. Balokovic J. Larson, E. Manjavacas, M. Maseda, T. Minear, A. Place, S. Schmidl, and C. Steinhardt for their important participation in some of our follow-up observations. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This work is based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programs ID 092.A-0150, 093.A-0863, and 093.A-0574. The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy and Germany. The LBT Corporation partners are: The University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona university system; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy; LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the Max Planck Society, the Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, and Heidelberg University; The Ohio State University; The Research Corporation, on behalf of The University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota and University of Virginia. This paper used data obtained with the MODS spectrographs built with funding from NSF grant AST-9987045 and the NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP), with additional funds from the Ohio Board of Regents and the Ohio State University Office of Research. Part of the funding for GROND (both hardware as well as personnel) was generously granted from the Leibniz-Prize to Prof. G. Hasinger (DFG grant HA 1850/28-1). This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We used the Milliquas Quasar Catalog to cross match our candidates with known quasars (http://quasars.org/milliquas.htm; Flesch 2015) This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Robitaille & Tollerud 2013; http://www.astropy.org). We used the python package Lifelines (Davidson-Pilon 2015) https://github.com/camdavidsonpilon/lifelines) to perform the Kaplan-Meier estimates. This publication made use of TOPCAT (Taylor et al. 2005, http://www.starlink.ac.uk/topcat). The plots in this publication were produced using Matplotlib (Hunter 2007, http://www.matplotlib.org). NR 101 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/118 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000040 ER PT J AU Lunnan, R Chornock, R Berger, E Rest, A Fong, W Scolnic, D Jones, DO Soderberg, AM Challis, PM Drout, MR Foley, RJ Huber, ME Kirshner, RP Leibler, C Marion, GH McCrum, M Milisavljevic, D Narayan, G Sanders, NE Smartt, SJ Smith, KW Tonry, JL Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Flewelling, H Kudritzki, RP Wainscoat, RJ Waters, C AF Lunnan, R. Chornock, R. Berger, E. Rest, A. Fong, W. Scolnic, D. Jones, D. O. Soderberg, A. M. Challis, P. M. Drout, M. R. Foley, R. J. Huber, M. E. Kirshner, R. P. Leibler, C. Marion, G. H. McCrum, M. Milisavljevic, D. Narayan, G. Sanders, N. E. Smartt, S. J. Smith, K. W. Tonry, J. L. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Flewelling, H. Kudritzki, R. -P. Wainscoat, R. J. Waters, C. TI ZOOMING IN ON THE PROGENITORS OF SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE WITH THE HST SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: dwarf; galaxies: star formation; supernovae: general ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; PAIR-INSTABILITY SUPERNOVAE; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; HOST GALAXIES; LIGHT CURVES; LUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE; IC SUPERNOVAE; IIN SUPERNOVA; ULTRALUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE AB We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) rest-frame ultraviolet imaging of the host galaxies of 16 hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), including 11 events from the Pan-STARRS Medium Deep Survey. Taking advantage of the superb angular resolution of HST, we characterize the galaxies' morphological properties, sizes, and star formation rate (SFR) densities. We determine the supernova (SN) locations within the host galaxies through precise astrometric matching and measure physical and host-normalized offsets as well as the SN positions within the cumulative distribution of UV light pixel brightness. We find that the host galaxies of H-poor SLSNe are irregular, compact dwarf galaxies, with a median half-light radius of just 0.9 kpc. The UV-derived SFR densities are high ([Sigma(SFR)] similar or equal to 0.1M(circle dot) yr(-1) kpc(-1)), suggesting that SLSNe form in overdense environments. Their locations trace the UV light of their host galaxies, with a distribution intermediate between that of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs; which are strongly clustered on the brightest regions of their hosts) and a uniform distribution (characteristic of normal core-collapse SNe), though cannot be statistically distinguished from either with the current sample size. Taken together, this strengthens the picture that SLSN progenitors require different conditions than those of ordinary core-collapse SNe to form and that they explode in broadly similar galaxies as do LGRBs. If the tendency for SLSNe to be less clustered on the brightest regions than are LGRBs is confirmed by a larger sample, this would indicate a different, potentially lower-mass progenitor for SLSNe than LRGBs. C1 [Lunnan, R.; Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Fong, W.; Soderberg, A. M.; Challis, P. M.; Drout, M. R.; Foley, R. J.; Kirshner, R. P.; Leibler, C.; Marion, G. H.; Milisavljevic, D.; Narayan, G.; Sanders, N. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chornock, R.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Clippinger Lab 251B, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Fong, W.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Scolnic, D.; Jones, D. O.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Huber, M. E.; Tonry, J. L.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Flewelling, H.; Kudritzki, R. -P.; Wainscoat, R. J.; Waters, C.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Leibler, C.] UCSC, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [McCrum, M.; Smartt, S. J.; Smith, K. W.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Lunnan, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rlunnan@cfa.harvard.edu OI Lunnan, Ragnhild/0000-0001-9454-4639; Narayan, Gautham/0000-0001-6022-0484; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056 FU NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12529, GO-13022, GO-13326]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877, AST1211196]; European Research Council under European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ERC [291222] FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments that improved the clarity of the paper. Support for program numbers GO-12529, GO-13022, and GO-13326 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE). This paper includes data based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and obtained from the Hubble Legacy Archive, which is a collaboration between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI/NASA), the Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF/ESA), and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre (CADC/NRC/CSA). S.J.S. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement No. [291222]. R.P.K. acknowledges support from the National Science foundation through AST1211196. NR 82 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 90 DI 10.1088/0004-7X/804/2/90 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000012 ER PT J AU Miyaji, T Hasinger, G Salvato, M Brusa, M Cappelluti, N Civano, F Puccetti, S Elvis, M Brunner, H Fotopoulou, S Ueda, Y Griffiths, RE Koekemoer, AM Akiyama, M Comastri, A Gilli, R Lanzuisi, G Merloni, A Vignali, C AF Miyaji, T. Hasinger, G. Salvato, M. Brusa, M. Cappelluti, N. Civano, F. Puccetti, S. Elvis, M. Brunner, H. Fotopoulou, S. Ueda, Y. Griffiths, R. E. Koekemoer, A. M. Akiyama, M. Comastri, A. Gilli, R. Lanzuisi, G. Merloni, A. Vignali, C. TI DETAILED SHAPE AND EVOLUTIONARY BEHAVIOR OF THE X-RAY LUMINOSITY FUNCTION OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: luminosity function, mass function; quasars: general; X-rays: galaxies ID WIDE-FIELD SURVEY; MEDIUM SENSITIVITY SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; SPATIAL CORRELATION-FUNCTION; NEWTON SERENDIPITOUS SURVEY; CROSS-CORRELATION FUNCTION; DEEP ROSAT SURVEY; LARGE SKY SURVEY; LOG S-RELATIONS AB We construct the rest-frame 2-10 keV intrinsic X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from a combination of X-ray surveys from the all-sky Swift BAT survey to the Chandra Deep Field. South. We use similar to 3200 AGNs in our analysis, which covers six orders of magnitude in flux. The inclusion of XMM and Chandra COSMOS data has allowed us to investigate the detailed behavior of the XLF and evolution. In deriving our XLF, we take into account realistic AGN spectrum templates, absorption corrections, and probability. density distributions in photometric redshift. We present an analytical expression for the overall behavior of the XLF in terms of the luminosity-dependent density evolution, smoothed two-power-law expressions in 11 redshift shells, three-segment power-law expression of the number density evolution in four luminosity classes, and binned XLF. We observe a sudden flattening of the low luminosity end slope of the XLF slope at z greater than or similar to 0.6. Detailed structures of the AGN downsizing have also been revealed, where the number density curves have two clear breaks at all luminosity classes above log L-X > 43. The two-break structure is suggestive of two-phase AGN evolution, consisting of major merger triggering and secular processes. C1 [Miyaji, T.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron Sede Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Miyaji, T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Hasinger, G.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Salvato, M.; Brusa, M.; Brunner, H.; Merloni, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Brusa, M.; Vignali, C.] Univ Bologna, DIFA Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Brusa, M.; Cappelluti, N.; Comastri, A.; Gilli, R.; Lanzuisi, G.; Vignali, C.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Civano, F.] Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Civano, F.; Elvis, M.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Puccetti, S.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fotopoulou, S.] Univ Geneva, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Ueda, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Griffiths, R. E.] Univ Hawaii, Phys & Astron, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Koekemoer, A. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Akiyama, M.] Tohoku Univ, Astron Inst, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RP Miyaji, T (reprint author), POB 439027, San Ysidro, CA 92143 USA. EM miyaji@astrosen.unam.mx; hasinger@ifa.hawaii.edu RI Comastri, Andrea/O-9543-2015; Gilli, Roberto/P-1110-2015; Vignali, Cristian/J-4974-2012; OI Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Comastri, Andrea/0000-0003-3451-9970; Gilli, Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Vignali, Cristian/0000-0002-8853-9611; Fotopoulou, Sotiria/0000-0002-9686-254X; Cappelluti, Nico/0000-0002-1697-186X; Lanzuisi, Giorgio/0000-0001-9094-0984; Puccetti, Simonetta/0000-0002-2734-7835; Hasinger, Guenther/0000-0002-0797-0646; Miyaji, Takamitsu/0000-0002-7562-485X FU UNAM-DGAPA Grant [PAPIIT IN104113]; CONACyT [179662]; FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy" [CIG 321913]; INAF [PRIN-INAF-2011, PRIN-INAF-2012]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT) [26400228] FX This work is supported by UNAM-DGAPA Grant PAPIIT IN104113 and CONACyT Grant Cientifica Basica 179662 (to T.M.). Also acknowledged are the FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy" CIG 321913 (to M.B.), financial support from INAF under Contracts PRIN-INAF-2011 and PRIN-INAF-2012 (to N.C., A.C., and R.G.), and the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 26400228 (to Y.U.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT). We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the entire COSMOS collaboration, consisting of more than 100 scientists. More information about the COSMOS survey is available at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/cosmos. The authors thank Len Cowie and his collaborators for allowing us to use their unpublished spectroscopic redshifts and Murray Brightman for his advice on CTK AGNs. NR 115 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 104 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/104 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000026 ER PT J AU Rivers, E Risaliti, G Walton, DJ Harrison, F Arevalo, P Baur, FE Boggs, SE Brenneman, LW Brightman, M Christensen, FE Craig, WW Furst, F Hailey, CJ Hickox, RC Marinucci, A Reeves, J Stern, D Zhang, WW AF Rivers, E. Risaliti, G. Walton, D. J. Harrison, F. Arevalo, P. Baur, F. E. Boggs, S. E. Brenneman, L. W. Brightman, M. Christensen, F. E. Craig, W. W. Fuerst, F. Hailey, C. J. Hickox, R. C. Marinucci, A. Reeves, J. Stern, D. Zhang, W. W. TI THE MULTI-LAYER VARIABLE ABSORBERS IN NGC 1365 REVEALED BY XMM-NEWTON AND NuSTAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (NGC 1365); X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPECTRAL VARIABILITY; ACCRETION DISK; ABSORPTION; WIND; SUZAKU; AGN AB Between 2012 July and 2013 February, NuSTAR and XMM-Newton performed four long-look joint observations of the type 1.8 Seyfert, NGC 1365. We have analyzed the variable absorption seen in these observations in order to characterize the geometry of the absorbing material. Two of the observations caught NGC 1365 in an unusually low absorption state, revealing complexity in the multi-layer absorber that had previously been hidden. We find the need for three distinct zones of neutral absorption in addition to the two zones of ionized absorption and the Compton-thick torus previously seen in this source. The most prominent absorber is likely associated with broad-line region clouds with column densities of around similar to 10(23) cm(-2) and a highly clumpy nature as evidenced by an occultation event in 2013 February. We also find evidence of a patchy absorber with a variable column around similar to 10(22) cm(-2) and a line-of-sight covering fraction of 0.3-0.9, which responds directly to the intrinsic source flux, possibly due to a wind geometry. A full-covering, constant absorber with a low column density of similar to 1 x 10(22) cm(-2) is also present, though the location of this low density haze is unknown. C1 [Rivers, E.; Walton, D. J.; Harrison, F.; Brightman, M.; Fuerst, F.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Risaliti, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Risaliti, G.; Brenneman, L. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Walton, D. J.; Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Arevalo, P.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Inst Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile. [Baur, F. E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Baur, F. E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Boggs, S. E.; Craig, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, F. E.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space, Natl Space Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hailey, C. J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Hickox, R. C.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Marinucci, A.] Univ Rome Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Reeves, J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Sch Phys & Geog Sci, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Rivers, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA/GSFC; NASA/IPAC; NASA FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). This work has also made use of HEASARC online services, supported by NASA/GSFC, and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, operated by JPL/California Institute of Technology under contract with NASA. This work also made use of data from the XMM-Newton observatory. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 107 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/107 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000029 ER PT J AU Yuan, F Gan, ZM Narayan, R Sadowski, A Bu, DF Bai, XN AF Yuan, Feng Gan, Zhaoming Narayan, Ramesh Sadowski, Aleksander Bu, Defu Bai, Xue-Ning TI NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HOT ACCRETION FLOWS. III. REVISITING WIND PROPERTIES USING THE TRAJECTORY APPROACH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies: jets; hydrodynamics ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; SPINNING BLACK-HOLE; SAGITTARIUS-A; 2-DIMENSIONAL MODELS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; MASS OUTFLOWS; 2 DIMENSIONS; FEEDBACK AB Previous MHD simulations have shown that wind must exist in black hole hot accretion flows. In this paper, we continue our study by investigating the detailed properties of wind and the mechanism of wind production. For this aim, we make use of a 3D general relativistic MHD simulation of hot accretion flows around a Schwarzschild black hole. To distinguish real wind from turbulent outflows, we track the trajectories of the virtual Lagrangian particles from simulation data. We find two types of real outflows, i.e., a jet and a wind. The mass flux of wind is very significant, and its radial profile can be described by (M) over dot(wind) approximate to (M) over dot(BH) (r/20 r(s)), with (M) over dot(BH) being the mass accretion rate at the black hole horizon and r(s) being the Schwarzschild radius. The poloidal wind speed almost remains constant once they are produced, but the flux-weighted wind speed roughly follows v(p,wind) (r) approximate to 0.25v(k) (r), with v(k)(r) being the Keplerian speed at radius r. The mass flux of the. jet is much lower, but the speed is much higher, v(p, jet) similar to (0.3-0.4)c. Consequently, both the energy and momentum fluxes of the wind are much larger than those of the jet. The wind is produced and accelerated primarily by the combination of centrifugal force and magnetic pressure gradient, while the jet is mainly accelerated by the magnetic pressure gradient. Finally, we find that the wind production efficiency is an element of(wind) equivalent to (E) over dot(wind)/(M) over dot(BH)c(2) similar to 1/1000 2 is in good agreement with the value required from large-scale galaxy simulations with active galactic nucleus feedback. C1 [Yuan, Feng; Gan, Zhaoming; Bu, Defu] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Narayan, Ramesh; Bai, Xue-Ning] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sadowski, Aleksander] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Yuan, F (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, 80 Nandan Rd, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. EM fyuan@shao.ac.cn; zmgan@shao.ac.cn; narayan@cfa.harvard.edu; asadowsk@mit.edu; dfbu@shao.ac.cn; xbai@cfa.harvard.edu OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730 FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2014CB845800]; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of CAS [XDB09000000]; NSF of China [11103059, 11103061, 11121062, 11133005]; NSF [AST1312651, TG-AST080026N]; NASA [NNX14AB47G, NAS8-03060, NAS 5-26555]; NASA through Einstein Postdoctotral Fellowship - Chandra X-ray Center [PF4-150126]; NASA through Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51301.001-A]; NASA via the High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center; SHAO Super Computing Platform FX F.Y. thanks Jim Stone for the valuable discussions. F.Y., Z.G., and D.B. were supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, grant 2014CB845800), the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of CAS (grant XDB09000000), and NSF of China (grants 11103059, 11103061, 11121062, and 11133005). R.N. was supported in part by NSF grant AST1312651 and NASA grant NNX14AB47G. A.S. acknowledges support for this work by NASA through Einstein Postdoctotral Fellowship number PF4-150126 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. X.B. is supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51301.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. The authors acknowledge computational support from NSF via XSEDE resources (grant TG-AST080026N), from NASA via the High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center, and from SHAO Super Computing Platform. NR 60 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 101 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/101 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000023 ER PT J AU Zhang, B David, LP Jones, C Andrade-Santos, F O'Sullivan, E Dahle, H Nulsen, PEJ Clarke, TE Pointecouteau, E Pratt, GW Arnaud, M Vrtilek, JM Ji, L van Weeren, RJ Kraft, RP Kong, X AF Zhang, B. David, L. P. Jones, C. Andrade-Santos, F. O'Sullivan, E. Dahle, H. Nulsen, P. E. J. Clarke, T. E. Pointecouteau, E. Pratt, G. W. Arnaud, M. Vrtilek, J. M. Ji, L. van Weeren, R. J. Kraft, R. P. Kong, X. TI CHANDRA AND XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS OF THE MERGING CLUSTER OF GALAXIES PLCK G036.7+14.9 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (PLCK G036.7+14.9); X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; INTERACTION CROSS-SECTION; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; X-RAY-CLUSTERS; COOLING FLOWS; DARK-MATTER; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; TEMPERATURE PROFILES; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; THERMAL CONDUCTION AB We present Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of PLCK G036.7+14.9 from the Chandra-Planck Legacy Program. The high resolution X-ray observations reveal two close (similar to 72" - 193 kpc in projection) subclusters, G036N and G036S, which were not resolved by previous ROSAT, optical, or recent Planck observations. We perform detailed imaging and spectral analyses and use a simplified model to study the kinematics of this system. The basic picture is that PLCK G036.7+14.9 is undergoing a major merger (mass ratio close to unity) between the two massive subclusters, with the merger largely along the line of sight (similar to 80 degrees between the merger axis and the plane of the sky from the simplified model) and probably at an early stage (less than similar to 0.4-0.7 Gyr since the merger began). G036N hosts a small (similar to 27 kpc), moderate cool core (cooling time t(cool) similar to 2.6-4.7Gyr), while G036S has at most a very weak cool core (t(cool) similar to 5.7-10.3Gyr) in the central similar to 40 kpc region. The difference in core cooling times is unlikely to be caused by the ongoing merger disrupting a pre-existing cool core in G036S. G036N also hosts an unresolved radio source in the center, which may be heating the gas if the radio source is extended. The total mass of the whole cluster determined from XMM-Newton is similar to(5.9-8.0) x 10(14) M-circle dot, and is similar to(6.7-9.9) x 10(14) M-circle dot from Chandra. The Planck derived mass,similar to(5.1-6.0) x 10(14) M-circle dot, is higher than the X-ray measured mass of either subcluster, but is lower than the X-ray measured mass of the whole cluster, due to the fact that Planck does not resolve PLCK G036.7+14.9 into subclusters and interprets it as a single cluster. This mass discrepancy could induce significant bias to the mass function if such previously unresolved systems are common in the Planck cluster sample. High resolution X-ray observations are necessary to identify the fraction of such systems and correct such a bias for the purpose of precision cosmological studies. C1 [Zhang, B.; Kong, X.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Ctr Astrophys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Zhang, B.; Kong, X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Zhang, B.; David, L. P.; Jones, C.; Andrade-Santos, F.; O'Sullivan, E.; Nulsen, P. E. J.; Vrtilek, J. M.; van Weeren, R. J.; Kraft, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dahle, H.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. [Clarke, T. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Pointecouteau, E.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Pointecouteau, E.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Pratt, G. W.; Arnaud, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab AIM,IRFU,Serv Astrophys,CEA DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ji, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, B (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Ctr Astrophys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM zhb006@mail.ustc.edu.cn; xkong@ustc.edu.cn OI O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900; Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU China Scholarship Council; NASA [GO2-13146X]; Chandra X-ray Center; 100 Talents program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy of CAS; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11225315, 1320101002, 11433005, 11421303]; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP) [20123402110037]; Chinese National 973 Fundamental Science Programs (973 program) [2015CB857004]; ESA Member States; NASA; National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) [NAS8-03060]; SAO predoctoral fellowship program FX We thank Nabila Aghanim, Iacopo Bartalucci, James G. Bartlett, Hans Bohringer, Stefano Borgani, Shea Brown, Gayoung Chon, Eugene Churazov, Jessica Democles, Daniel Eisenstein, Chiara Ferrari, William Forman, Simona Giacintucci, Charles Lawrence, Marceau Limousin, Giulia Macario, Douspis Marian, Pasquale Mazzotta, Jean-Baptiste Melin, Stephen S. Murray, Elena Pierpaoli, Rashid A. Sunyaev, and Alexey Vikhlinin for reading an early version of the manuscript and Harald Ebeling for communications on PLCK G036.7+14.9. We thank the referee for useful comments and suggestions. The scientific results reported in this article are based on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory (ObsID 15098), which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) under contract NAS8-03060, and XMM-Newton (ObsID 0692931901), an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. We also present results based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. B.Z. acknowledges the SAO predoctoral fellowship program and financial support from China Scholarship Council. L.P.D. is supported in part by NASA grant GO2-13146X. C.J. acknowledges support from the Chandra X-ray Center. L.J. is supported by the 100 Talents program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy of CAS. X.K. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Nos. 11225315, 1320101002, 11433005, and 11421303), the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB09000000), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (SRFDP, No. 20123402110037), and the Chinese National 973 Fundamental Science Programs (973 program) (2015CB857004). NR 92 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 129 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/129 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000051 ER PT J AU Zhang, QZ Wang, K Lu, X Jimenez-Serra, I AF Zhang, Qizhou Wang, Ke Lu, Xing Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun TI FRAGMENTATION OF MOLECULAR CLUMPS AND FORMATION OF A PROTOCLUSTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: individual objects (IRDC G28.34+0.06); ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; stars: formation ID INFRARED-DARK CLOUDS; MASSIVE-STAR-FORMATION; LARGE ARRAY OBSERVATIONS; DUST CONTINUUM EMISSION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; FORMING REGION; PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; DYNAMICAL COLLAPSE; INITIAL CONDITIONS; MILKY-WAY AB Sufficiently massive clumps of molecular gas collapse under self-gravity and fragment to spawn a cluster of stars that have a range of masses. We investigate observationally the early stages of formation of a stellar cluster in a massive filamentary infrared dark cloud, G28.34+0.06 P1, in the 1.3 mm continuum and spectral line emission using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array. Sensitive continuum data reveal further fragmentation in five dusty cores at a resolution of several 10(3) AU. Spectral line emission from (CO)-O-18, CH3OH, (CS)-C-13, H2CO, and N2D+ is detected for the first time toward these dense cores. We found that three cores are chemically more evolved as compared with the other two; interestingly, though, all of them are associated with collimated outflows as suggested by evidence from the CO, SiO, CH3OH, H2CO, and SO emission. The parsec-scale kinematics in NH3 exhibit velocity gradients along the filament, consistent with accretion flows toward the clumps and cores. The moderate luminosity and the chemical signatures indicate that the five cores harbor low-to intermediate-mass protostars that likely become massive ones at the end of the accretion. Despite the fact that the mass limit reached by the 1 sigma dust continuum sensitivity is 30 times lower than the thermal Jeans mass, there is a lack of a distributed low-mass protostellar population in the clump. Our observations indicate that in a protocluster, low-mass stars form at a later stage after the birth of more massive protostars. C1 [Zhang, Qizhou; Lu, Xing] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wang, Ke; Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Lu, Xing] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, QZ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM qzhang@cfa.harvard.edu OI Wang, Ke/0000-0002-7237-3856; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU National Science Foundation of China [11328301]; ESO fellowship; Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship; People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) Uunder REA [PIIF-GA-2011-301538]; NASA FX We thank P. C. Myers for enlightening discussions. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This paper makes use of the ALMA data. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NFS (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. This research is partly supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant 11328301. K.W. acknowledges support from the ESO fellowship. X.L. acknowledges the support of the Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship. I.J.-S. acknowledges funding received from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement PIIF-GA-2011-301538. This study used observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. NR 114 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR 141 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/141 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI6WR UT WOS:000354905000063 ER PT J AU Genel, S Fall, SM Hernquist, L Vogelsberger, M Snyder, GF Rodriguez-Gomez, V Sijacki, D Springel, V AF Genel, Shy Fall, S. Michael Hernquist, Lars Vogelsberger, Mark Snyder, Gregory F. Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente Sijacki, Debora Springel, Volker TI GALACTIC ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN THE ILLUSTRIS SIMULATION: FEEDBACK AND THE HUBBLE SEQUENCE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: formation; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: structure; hydrodynamics; methods: numerical ID MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; DISC GALAXY FORMATION; STELLAR FEEDBACK; MATTER; DARK; ORIGIN; MODEL; GAS; EVOLUTION; UNIVERSE AB We study the stellar angular momentum of thousands of galaxies in the Illustris cosmological simulation, which captures gravitational and gas dynamics within galaxies, as well as feedback from stars and black holes. We find that the angular momentum of the simulated galaxies matches observations well, and in particular two distinct relations are found for late-type versus early-type galaxies. The relation for late-type galaxies corresponds to the value expected from full conservation of the specific angular momentum generated by cosmological tidal torques. The relation for early-type galaxies corresponds to retention of only similar to 30% of that, but we find that those early-type galaxies with low angular momentum at z = 0 nevertheless reside at high redshift on the late-type relation. Some of them abruptly lose angular momentum during major mergers. To gain further insight, we explore the scaling relations in simulations where the galaxy formation physics is modified with respect to the fiducial model. We find that galactic winds with high mass-loading factors are essential for obtaining the high angular momentum relation typical for late-type galaxies, while active galactic nucleus feedback largely operates in the opposite direction. Hence, feedback controls the stellar angular momentum of galaxies, and appears to be instrumental for establishing the Hubble sequence. C1 [Genel, Shy] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Genel, Shy; Hernquist, Lars; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fall, S. Michael; Snyder, Gregory F.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Genel, S (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM shygenelastro@gmail.com OI Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079; Genel, Shy/0000-0002-3185-1540; Springel, Volker/0000-0001-5976-4599 FU XSEDE project [TG-AST110016]; Leibniz Computing Centre, Germany [pr85je]; CURIE supercomputer at CEA/France, PRACE project [RA0844]; FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University; NASA through Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF2-51341.001 A]; NASA [NAS5-26555, NNX12AC67G]; NSF [PHY11-25915, PHYS-1066293, AST-1312095]; HST [HST-AR-12856.01 A, HST-AR-13887.004 A]; NASA through grants from STScI; DFG Research Centre [SFB-881, A1]; European Research Council under ERC-StG [EXAGAL-308037] FX We thank Avishai Dekel and Jolanta Krzyszkowska for useful discussions, Jennifer Lotz for providing us her code for calculating galaxy morphologies, and Dylan Nelson for comments on an early draft. We also thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. Simulations were run at the Texas Advanced Computing Center as part of XSEDE project TG-AST110016, the Leibniz Computing Centre, Germany, as part of project pr85je, on the CURIE supercomputer at CEA/France as part of PRACE project RA0844, and on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. S.G. acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51341.001 A awarded by the STScI, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. S.M.F. appreciates the hospitality of the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics and the Aspen Center for Physics, which are supported in part by NSF grants PHY11-25915 and PHYS-1066293 respectively. G.S. acknowledges support from HST grants HST-AR-12856.01 A and HST-AR-13887.004 A, provided by NASA through grants from STScI. VS acknowledges support by the DFG Research Centre SFB-881 "The Milky Way System" through project A1, and by the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. L.H. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 51 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAY 10 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 2 AR L40 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/804/2/L40 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH8NN UT WOS:000354293200014 ER PT J AU Sterrenburg, FAS Tiffany, MA Hinz, F Herwig, WE Hargraves, PE AF Sterrenburg, Frithjof A. S. Tiffany, Mary Ann Hinz, Friedel Herwig, Wulf E. Hargraves, Paul E. TI Seven new species expand the morphological spectrum of Haslea. A comparison with Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma (Bacillariophyta) SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article ID VALVE MORPHOGENESIS; SP-NOV; DIATOMS AB Seven new Haslea species demonstrate that the genus has evolved a richer morphological repertoire than so far reported. H. feriarum sp. nov. has a valve contour suggesting an Amphora; H. staurosigmoidea sp. nov. has a sigmoid valve with a pseudostauros; H. tsukamotoi sp. nov. and the closely similar H. meteorou sp. nov. possess uniquely shaped external central raphe endings and a fully sideways-tilted internal raphe system; H. clevei sp. nov. and H. avium sp. nov. also have central raphe ending shapes not yet described in the genus; H. amicorum shows interrupted longitudinal fissures besides the continuous fissures characteristic of Haslea. A survey of the Haslea species described, for differentiation of our taxa, led to two conclusions: 1) the data in the protologue of H. indica Desikachary & Prema are spurious and 2) "Navicula" duerrenbergiana Hustedt is here transferred to the genus Haslea. The basic Haslea morphology is a sandwich-type valve, with a grate-like inner layer (here called basal layer) and an outer layer (here called tegumental layer) perforated by continuous longitudinal fissures. These two layers are shored by upright longitudinal "bulkheads", here called saepes, seen to be perforated in the valves that permitted their observation. This morphology is closely similar to that of Gyrosigma (and Pleurosigma). The great variety of central external raphe ending patterns in Haslea, Gyrosigma and Pleurosigma is shown and discussed. C1 [Tiffany, Mary Ann] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Hinz, Friedel] Helmholtz Zentrum Polar & Meeresforsch, Alfred Wegener Inst, Friedrich Hustedt Zentrum Diatomeenforsch, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. [Hargraves, Paul E.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Hargraves, Paul E.] Smithsonian Inst, Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Sterrenburg, FAS (reprint author), Stn Sweg 158, Heiloo, Netherlands. EM fass@wxs.nl; mtiffany24@yahoo.com; Friedel.Hinz@awi.de; WEHerwig@arcor.de; Hargravespe@gmail.com NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD MAY 8 PY 2015 VL 207 IS 2 BP 143 EP 162 PG 20 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CI8AE UT WOS:000354988800001 ER PT J AU Fernandes, IO Souza, JLP Fernandez, CF Delabie, JHC Schultz, TR AF Fernandes, Itanna O. Souza, Jorge L. P. Fernando Fernandez, C. Delabie, Jacques H. C. Schultz, Ted R. TI A new species of Simopelta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae) from Brazil and Costa Rica SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE blind ant; Rio Madeira; hydroelectric plant; cryptobiotic; Simopelta jeckylli AB The genus Simopelta consists of 21 described species restricted to Central America and South America. The present study describes a new cryptobiotic species, Simopelta anomma sp. nov.. The new species is blind, possesses a 3-segmented antennal club, and has the midtibia with several stout setae, a combination of characters unique within the genus. Moreover, some traits of this species require broadening the definition of the genus. The discovery of Simopelta anomma sp. nov. suggests that many undiscovered species, some of which may be important for understanding ant evolution, remain hidden below ground in Neotropical rainforests. C1 [Fernandes, Itanna O.; Souza, Jorge L. P.] INPA, CBio, BR-69011970 Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Fernandes, Itanna O.; Schultz, Ted R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomology, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Souza, Jorge L. P.] Ctr Estudos Integrados Biodiversidade Amazoni CEN, BR-69080971 Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Fernando Fernandez, C.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, Colombia. [Delabie, Jacques H. C.] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Ctr Pesquisas Cacau CEPEC, CEPLAC, Lab Mirmecol, BR-45600000 Ilheus, BA, Brazil. RP Fernandes, IO (reprint author), INPA, CBio, Av Andre Araujo 2936,CP 2223, BR-69011970 Manaus, AM, Brazil. EM itanna.fernandes@gmail.com; FernandesI@si.edu RI Souza, Jorge/L-5154-2013 OI Souza, Jorge/0000-0003-4574-8111 FU INPA; Smithsonian Institution (NMNH); FAPEAM; CBio; Pro-equipamentos project CAPES/DCEN - MCT; Pronex program FAPESB-CNPq [PNX 011/2009]; Wildlife Conservation Program of Santo Antonio Energia; CAPES/CNPq/PDSE; CNPq; CNPq/FAPEAM; NSF; Smithsonian CGPS FX The first author (IOF) kindly acknowledges support from INPA, the Smithsonian Institution (NMNH), FAPEAM, CBio (for logistics), the Pro-equipamentos project CAPES / DCEN - MCT, and the Pronex program FAPESB-CNPq PNX 011/2009. We thank INPA for supporting the visit of the third author to INPA in Manaus. The authors acknowledge their grants from CAPES/CNPq/PDSE (IOF), CNPq (JHCD), CNPq/FAPEAM (JLPS), and NSF and the Smithsonian CGPS (TRS). The authors also thank to Dr. John T. Longino to encourage this publication and the anonymous reviewers. This study was supported by the Wildlife Conservation Program of Santo Antonio Energia, the company responsible for building and operating the SAE Hydroelectric Plant. The authors kindly acknowledge the help of Paulo V. Cruz with Photoshop, of Adriano H.C. Oliveira for help with fieldwork and sampling in Santo Antonio, and of Jeffrey Sosa-Calvo and Roberto F. Guerrero for valuable discussions and suggestions. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 8 PY 2015 VL 3956 IS 2 BP 295 EP 300 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CH9DG UT WOS:000354335600010 PM 26248921 ER PT J AU Christian, P Loeb, A AF Christian, Pierre Loeb, Abraham TI Probing the spacetime around supermassive black holes with ejected plasma blobs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID GALACTIC-CENTER; STELLAR ORBITS; A-ASTERISK; PULSARS; M87; JET; TELESCOPE; DISTANCE; BASE; MASS AB Millimeter-wavelength very-long-baseline-interferometry observations of the supermassive black holes in Sgr A* and M87 by the Event Horizon Telescope could potentially trace the dynamics of ejected plasma blobs in real time. We demonstrate that the trajectory and tidal stretching of these blobs can be used to test general relativity and set new constraints on the mass and spin of these black holes. C1 [Christian, Pierre; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Christian, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NSF [AST-1312034] FX This work was supported in part by NSF Grant No. AST-1312034. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAY 8 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 10 AR 101301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.91.101301 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CH7YB UT WOS:000354251500001 ER PT J AU Fey, C Kurz, M Schmelcher, P Rittenhouse, ST Sadeghpour, HR AF Fey, C. Kurz, M. Schmelcher, P. Rittenhouse, S. T. Sadeghpour, H. R. TI A comparative analysis of binding in ultralong-range Rydberg molecules SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Rydberg molecules; permanent dipole moment; ultracold atoms and molecules; diagnonalization; regularization of delta function potential ID COLLISIONS; DIMERS; STATES; ATOMS AB We perform a comparative analysis of different computational approaches employed to explore the electronic structure of ultralong-range Rydberg molecules. Employing the Fermi pseudopotential approach, where the interaction is approximated by an s-wave bare delta function potential, one encounters a non-convergent behavior in basis set diagonalization. Nevertheless, the energy shifts within the first order perturbation theory coincide with those obtained by an alternative approach relying on Green's function calculation with the quantum defect theory. A pseudopotential that yields exactly the results obtained with the quantum defect theory, i.e. beyond first order perturbation theory, is the regularized delta function potential. The origin of the discrepancies between the different approaches is analytically explained. C1 [Fey, C.; Kurz, M.; Schmelcher, P.] Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnol, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Schmelcher, P.] Hamburg Ctr Ultrafast Imaging, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Rittenhouse, S. T.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Fey, C (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnol, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. EM hrs@cfa.havard.edu RI Schmelcher, Peter/D-9592-2014 OI Schmelcher, Peter/0000-0002-2637-0937 FU Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes FX The authors thank CH Greene and W Li for fruitful discussions. CF gratefully acknowledges a scholarship by the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD MAY 7 PY 2015 VL 17 AR 055010 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/17/5/055010 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CJ1XE UT WOS:000355277600006 ER PT J AU Dutta, T Sharma, S Maldonado, JE Panwar, HS Seidensticker, J AF Dutta, Trishna Sharma, Sandeep Maldonado, Jesus E. Panwar, Hemendra Singh Seidensticker, John TI Genetic Variation, Structure, and Gene Flow in a Sloth Bear (Melursus ursinus) Meta-Population in the Satpura-Maikal Landscape of Central India SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-PROGRAM; MADHYA-PRADESH; BROWN BEARS; BLACK BEAR; INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPES; RECENT MIGRATION; PANTHERA-PARDUS; ERROR RATES; FRAGMENTATION AB Sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) are endemic to the Indian subcontinent. As a result of continued habitat loss and degradation over the past century, sloth bear populations have been in steady decline and now exist only in isolated or fragmented habitat across the entire range. We investigated the genetic connectivity of the sloth bear meta-population in five tiger reserves in the Satpura-Maikal landscape of central India. We used noninvasively collected fecal and hair samples to obtain genotypic information using a panel of seven polymorphic loci. Out of 194 field collected samples, we identified 55 individuals in this meta-population. We found that thismeta-population has moderate genetic variation, and is subdivided into two genetic clusters. Further, we identified five first-generationmigrants and signatures of contemporary gene flow. We found evidence of sloth bears in the corridor between the Kanha and Pench Tiger Reserves, and our results suggest that habitat connectivity and corridors play an important role inmaintaining gene flow in this meta-population. These corridors face several anthropogenic and infrastructure development threats that have the potential to sever ongoing gene flow, if policies to protect them are not put into action immediately. C1 [Dutta, Trishna; Sharma, Sandeep; Maldonado, Jesus E.; Seidensticker, John] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Panwar, Hemendra Singh] Peace Inst Charitable Trust, Delhi, India. RP Dutta, T (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM trishnad@gmail.com FU International Bear Association (IBA); Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI); Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ); Kathryn Fuller Science for Nature Fund of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) FX This project was funded by the International Bear Association (IBA), Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI), Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ), and Kathryn Fuller Science for Nature Fund of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 6 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR UNSP e0123384 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123384 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH5BQ UT WOS:000354049700013 PM 25945939 ER PT J AU Mettke-Hofmann, C Hamel, PB Hofmann, G Zenzal, TJ Pellegrini, A Malpass, J Garfinkel, M Schiff, N Greenberg, R AF Mettke-Hofmann, Claudia Hamel, Paul B. Hofmann, Gerhard Zenzal, Theodore J., Jr. Pellegrini, Anne Malpass, Jennifer Garfinkel, Megan Schiff, Nathan Greenberg, Russell TI Competition and Habitat Quality Influence Age and Sex Distribution in Wintering Rusty Blackbirds SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; IDEAL FREE DISTRIBUTION; MIGRATORY BIRD; BODY CONDITION; BOTTOMLAND HARDWOODS; NONBREEDING SEASON; RIPARIAN FORESTS; DIFFERENT WIDTHS; FOOD RESOURCES; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Bird habitat quality is often inferred from species abundance measures during the breeding and non-breeding season and used for conservation management decisions. However, during the non-breeding season age and sex classes often occupy different habitats which suggest a need for more habitat-specific data. Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus) is a forested wetland specialist wintering in bottomland hardwood forests in the south-eastern U.S. and belongs to the most steeply declining songbirds in the U.S. Little information is available to support priority birds such as the Rusty Blackbird wintering in this threatened habitat. We assessed age and sex distribution and body condition of Rusty Blackbirds among the three major habitats used by this species in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley and also measured food availability. Overall, pecan groves had the highest biomass mainly driven by the amount of nuts. Invertebrate biomass was highest in forests but contributed only a small percentage to overall biomass. Age and sex classes were unevenly distributed among habitats with adult males primarily occupying pecan groves containing the highest nut biomass, females being found in forests which had the lowest nut biomass and young males primarily staying in forest fragments along creeks which had intermediate nut biomass. Males were in better body condition than females and were in slightly better condition in pecan groves. The results suggest that adult males occupy the highest quality habitat and may competitively exclude the other age and sex classes. C1 [Mettke-Hofmann, Claudia] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Nat Sci & Psychol, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England. [Hamel, Paul B.; Schiff, Nathan] US Forest Serv, Stoneville, MS USA. [Hofmann, Gerhard] Tamar Grove, Moreton, Merseyside, England. [Zenzal, Theodore J., Jr.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Pellegrini, Anne] SWCA Environm Consultants, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Malpass, Jennifer] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Garfinkel, Megan] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Mettke-Hofmann, Claudia; Greenberg, Russell] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Mettke-Hofmann, C (reprint author), Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Nat Sci & Psychol, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England. EM C.C.Mettke-Hofmann@ljmu.ac.uk FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Canadian Wildlife Service, Friends of the National Zoo, USA; Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Andechs, Germany; German Ethological Society, Germany; Society for Tropical Ornithology, Germany; Arthur-von-Gwinner Foundation, Austria FX Assistants, travel and material were supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (SMA grant, Quick Response Programme, Challenge Cost Share grant granted to the International Rusty Blackbird Technical Group). CM-H received support by the Canadian Wildlife Service, Friends of the National Zoo, USA, the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Andechs, Germany, the German Ethological Society, the Society for Tropical Ornithology, Germany, and the Arthur-von-Gwinner Foundation, Austria. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. SWCA Environmental Consultants provided support in the form of salaries for authors AP, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 6 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 5 AR e0123775 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123775 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH5BQ UT WOS:000354049700021 PM 25946335 ER PT J AU Winston, ME Herz, H AF Winston, Max E. Herz, Hubert TI Unpaved roads alter foraging patterns of the leafcutter ant Atta colombica SO STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE disturbance; human impact; optimal foraging; foraging trails; tropical moist forest ID LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; ATLANTIC FOREST; PLANT-SELECTION; CUTTER ANT; EDGE; HERBIVORY; COLONIES; CEPHALOTES; TRANSPORT; TRAILS AB Leaf cutting ants are dominant herbivores and influential ecosystem engineers in the Neotropics. It has been suggested that habitat disturbances alter the architecture of foraging trail systems for colonies in their vicinity; however, the evidence remains scarce. In this study we investigated the effect of unpaved roads dissecting tropical lowland forest habitat on the structure of leafcutter foraging trail systems and foraging effort. We mapped trail systems for 16 mature Atta colombica colonies located at different distances from unpaved roads. Our results suggest exploitation of unpaved roads by leafcutters provides favorable foraging conditions, causing significant differences in foraging trail structure. C1 [Winston, Max E.] Univ Chicago, Comm Evolutionary Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Winston, Max E.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Sci & Educ, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Winston, Max E.; Herz, Hubert] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Herz, Hubert] Univ Kaiserslautern, Dept Plant Ecol & Systemat, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. RP Winston, ME (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Comm Evolutionary Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM mewinsto@uchicago.edu FU Princeton Environmental Institute; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department at Princeton University; Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Technologia e Innovacionde la Republica de Panama (SENACYT) [COL 08-067] FX We thank the Princeton Environmental Institute and the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department at Princeton University for research funding for M.E.W. and the Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Technologia e Innovacionde la Republica de Panama (SENACYT) for a grant to H.H. [grant no. COL 08-067]. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) provided logistic support, and thanks are due especially to J.S. Wright for his help. We thank S. Grossberg, P. Cowgill, B. Rubin and A. Olsen for programming tutorials, and helping us transform the data into the format necessary for spatial analyses. Lastly, we thank J. Mitchell and C. Moreau, advisor to M.E.W., for their comments on the manuscript. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-0521 EI 1744-5140 J9 STUD NEOTROP FAUNA E JI Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. PD MAY 4 PY 2015 VL 50 IS 2 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.1080/01650521.2015.1020702 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CO9JS UT WOS:000359492200001 ER PT J AU Valenzuela-Toro, AM Gutstein, CS Suarez, ME Otero, R Pyenson, ND AF Valenzuela-Toro, Ana M. Gutstein, Carolina S. Suarez, Mario E. Otero, Rodrigo Pyenson, Nicholas D. TI Elephant seal (Mirounga sp.) from the Pleistocene of the Antofagasta Region, northern Chile SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AFRICA; FOSSIL CALIBRATIONS; MARINE MAMMALS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; LATE NEOGENE; ANCIENT DNA; EVOLUTION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENY; CARNIVORA AB The genus Mirounga is the largest living member of the Phocidae family (true seals) and includes two species: M. angustirostris and M. leonina. These species exhibit a noticeable antitropical distribution in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, respectively. The evolutionary history of elephant seals, especially in regard to establishing this antitropical pattern, is poorly known. Nearly all fossils of the genus are isolated remains from the Pleistocene of California (M. angustirostris) and South Africa (M. leonina). Here, we describe new fossil material of Mirounga sp. (incomplete maxilla, dentary, and humerus), from the middle to late Pleistocene of Antofagasta Region, northern Chile. This material constitutes the first fossil occurrence of this species in South America and suggests that during part of the Pleistocene, phocids coexisted with otariids along the eastern edge of the South Pacific Ocean, which contrasts with the current biogeographic pattern in this ocean basin, providing new information about the structure of the pinniped community during the Pleistocene of South America. C1 [Valenzuela-Toro, Ana M.] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Lab Ecofisiol, Santiago, Chile. [Valenzuela-Toro, Ana M.; Gutstein, Carolina S.; Suarez, Mario E.; Otero, Rodrigo] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, Red Paleontol U Chile,Lab Ontogenia & Filogenia, Santiago, Chile. [Gutstein, Carolina S.; Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Paleontol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Valenzuela-Toro, AM (reprint author), Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Lab Ecofisiol, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile. EM avalenzuela.toro@gmail.com; sgcarolina@gmail.com; marioesuarezp@gmail.com; paracrioceras@gmail.com; pyensonn@si.edu OI Gutstein, Carolina/0000-0002-0823-2434 FU CONICYT-PCHA/Magister Nacional [2013-221320410]; National Geographic Society Committee on Research Exploration [9391-13]; National Museum of Natural History Small Grant Award; NMNH Office of the Director; Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellogg Fund; NGS CRE grant [8903-11]; U-REDES (Universidad de Chile) [Domeyko II UR-C12/1]; Sociedad GNL Mejillones FX A.V.T. was funded by CONICYT-PCHA/Magister Nacional/2013-221320410 and for Young Explorer Grant (9391-13) from National Geographic Society Committee on Research Exploration to A.V.T. Additional funding for this work comes from a National Museum of Natural History Small Grant Award, discretionary funding from NMNH Office of the Director, the Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellogg Fund, a NGS CRE grant (8903-11) to N.D.P, and by U-REDES (Domeyko II UR-C12/1, Universidad de Chile) to the rest of the authors. Excavations were financed by Sociedad GNL Mejillones. We would like to thank C. Loch (University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand) for providing information about dentition of Elephant seals. We also thank S. Fuentes Tamblay (Museo Paleontologico de Caldera) and S. Soto Acuna (Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile) for the preparation and photography, respectively. Also, R. E. Yury-Yanez (Universidad de Chile) and D. Rubilar-Rogers (Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile) provided comments and suggestions that improved a preliminary version of the manuscript. We appreciate the useful and detailed comments from the editor Erich Fitzgerald, as well as those from R.W. Boessenecker and an anonymous reviewer, which substantially improved the manuscript. NR 85 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-4634 EI 1937-2809 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PD MAY 4 PY 2015 VL 35 IS 3 DI 10.1080/02724634.2014.918883 PG 7 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CJ7MO UT WOS:000355679900012 ER PT J AU Vogl, AW Lillie, MA Piscitelli, MA Goldbogen, JA Pyenson, ND Shadwick, RE AF Vogl, A. Wayne Lillie, Margo A. Piscitelli, Marina A. Goldbogen, Jeremy A. Pyenson, Nicholas D. Shadwick, Robert E. TI Stretchy nerves are an essential component of the extreme feeding mechanism of rorqual whales SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PERIPHERAL-NERVE; FIN WHALES; EXTENSIBILITY; CONDUCTION; INJURY C1 [Vogl, A. Wayne] Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Dept Cellular & Physiol Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. [Lillie, Margo A.; Piscitelli, Marina A.; Shadwick, Robert E.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Goldbogen, Jeremy A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Vogl, AW (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Dept Cellular & Physiol Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. EM vogl@mail.ubc.ca NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0960-9822 EI 1879-0445 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD MAY 4 PY 2015 VL 25 IS 9 BP R360 EP R361 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA CH4JE UT WOS:000353999000007 PM 25942546 ER PT J AU Zhang, M Lee, TE Sadeghpour, HR AF Zhang, M. Lee, Tony E. Sadeghpour, H. R. TI Transport of quantum excitations via local and nonlocal fluctuations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC RESONANCE; PROPAGATION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; ABSENCE AB In quantum systems, one usually seeks to minimize dephasing noise and disorder. The efficiency of transport in a quantum system is usually degraded by the presence of noise and disorder. However, it has been shown that the combination of the two can lead to significantly more efficiency than each by itself. Here, we consider how the addition of nonlocal noise, in the form of incoherent hopping, affects the transport efficiency. We show that incoherent hopping introduces additional local extrema in the efficiency function and investigate how the transport dynamics crosses over from a quantum random walk to a classical random walk. C1 [Zhang, M.; Lee, Tony E.; Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zhang, M.] Beijing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Lee, Tony E.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Zhang, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Zhang, Mei/F-1252-2015 OI Zhang, Mei/0000-0002-9728-9001 FU NSF; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11174040]; State Scholarship Fund of China FX This work was supported by the NSF through a grant to ITAMP. M.Z. is partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11174040 and also acknowledges the State Scholarship Fund of China for additional financial aid and ITAMP for generous hospitality. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY 4 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 5 AR 052101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.91.052101 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CH1GC UT WOS:000353768200001 ER PT J AU Basset, Y AF Basset, Yves TI Long-term monitoring of tropical arthropods and DNA barcoding SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Basset, Yves] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. EM bassety@si.edu RI Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 193 EP 193 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200031 ER PT J AU Garcia-Robledo, C Kress, WJ Erwin, TL AF Garcia-Robledo, Carlos Kress, W. John Erwin, Terry L. TI Reconstructing interactions among plants, insect herbivores, and phoretic mites using DNA barcodes: modeling SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos] Inst Ecol, Xalapa Enriquez 91070, Ver, Mexico. [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos; Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Erwin, Terry L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM carlos.garcia@inecol.mx NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 218 EP 218 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200124 ER PT J AU Hausmann, A Miller, SE Prosser, S AF Hausmann, Axel Miller, Scott E. Prosser, Sean TI Calibrating the taxonomy of a megadiverse family on BOLD: 2700 geometrid moth types barcoded (Geometridae, Lepidoptera) SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hausmann, Axel] Bavarian State Collect Zool, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Miller, Scott E.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Prosser, Sean] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Canadian Ctr DNA Barcoding, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM Axel.Hausmann@zsm.mwn.de NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 225 EP 225 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200152 ER PT J AU Knowlton, N Leray, M AF Knowlton, Nancy Leray, Matthieu TI Censusing marine life in the 21st Century SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Knowlton, Nancy; Leray, Matthieu] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM knowlton@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 238 EP 238 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200201 ER PT J AU Kress, WJ Jones, FA Swenson, NG Erickson, DL AF Kress, W. John Jones, F. Andrew Swenson, Nathan G. Erickson, David L. TI Tracking evolutionary diversity and phylogenetic structure across global forest dynamics plots using plant DNA barcodes SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Jones, F. Andrew] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Swenson, Nathan G.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Erickson, David L.] US FDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM kressj@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 239 EP 239 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200205 ER PT J AU Moura, CJ Santos, RS Lessios, H Collins, A AF Moura, Carlos J. Santos, Ricardo S. Lessios, Harilaos Collins, Allen TI Large-scale DNA barcoding of marine hydroids of the superfamily Plumularioidea (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Moura, Carlos J.; Santos, Ricardo S.] Univ Acores, Ctr IMAR, Univ Azores, IMAR MARE IMAR,Inst MAR, P-9901862 Horta, Portugal. [Moura, Carlos J.; Santos, Ricardo S.] NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Lessios, Harilaos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Smithsonian Inst, Panama City Pl, Panama. [Collins, Allen] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM carlos.moura@mail.com RI Santos, Ricardo/B-3960-2008 OI Santos, Ricardo/0000-0002-2536-1369 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 259 EP 259 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200278 ER PT J AU Prosser, S deWaard, J Miller, S Hebert, PDN AF Prosser, Sean deWaard, Jeremy Miller, Scott Hebert, Paul D. N. TI DNA barcodes from century-old type specimens using next-generation sequencing SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Prosser, Sean; deWaard, Jeremy; Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Miller, Scott] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM sprosser@uoguelph.ca RI Hebert, Paul/C-4161-2013; deWaard, Jeremy/G-8112-2014 OI Hebert, Paul/0000-0002-3081-6700; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 267 EP 268 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200312 ER PT J AU Schindel, DE Trizna, MG AF Schindel, David E. Trizna, Michael G. TI The Barcode of Wildlife Project, Part 1: a systemic barcoding initiative to protect endangered species SO GENOME LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schindel, David E.; Trizna, Michael G.] Smithsonian Inst, Consortium Barcode Life, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM schindeld@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 5 BP 277 EP 277 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CQ8MF UT WOS:000360861200347 ER PT J AU Temeles, EJ AF Temeles, Ethan J. TI Bathing Beauty SO NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Temeles, Ethan J.] Amherst Coll, Biol, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Temeles, Ethan J.] Amherst Coll, Dept Environm Studies, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Temeles, Ethan J.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Temeles, EJ (reprint author), Amherst Coll, Biol, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURAL HISTORY MAGAZINE PI NEW YORK PA 36 WEST 25TH STREET, FIFTH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0028-0712 J9 NAT HIST JI Nat. Hist. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 123 IS 4 BP 48 EP 48 PG 1 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CO1DN UT WOS:000358893200015 ER PT J AU Kurster, M Trifonov, T Reffert, S Kostogryz, NM Rodler, F AF Kuerster, Martin Trifonov, Trifon Reffert, Sabine Kostogryz, Nadiia M. Rodler, Florian TI Disentangling 2:1 resonant radial velocity orbits from eccentric ones and a case study for HD 27894 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE celestial mechanics; planetary systems; techniques: radial velocities; stars: individual: HD 27894 ID EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS; COOL STARS; SYSTEMS; COMPANIONS; MIGRATION; PAIR AB Context. In radial velocity (RV) observations, a pair of extrasolar planets near a 2:1 orbital resonance can be misinterpreted as a single eccentric planet, if data are sparse and measurement precision insufficient to distinguish between these models. Aims. Using the Exoplanet Orbit Database (EOD), we determine the fraction of alleged single-planet RV detected systems for which a 2:1 resonant pair of planets is also a viable model and address the question of how the models can be disentangled. Methods. By simulation we quantified the mismatch arising from applying the wrong model. Model alternatives are illustrated using the supposed single-planet system HD 27894 for which we also study the dynamical stability of near-2:1 resonant solutions. Results. Using EOD values of the data scatter around the fitted single-planet Keplerians, we find that for 74% of the 254 putative single-planet systems, a 2:1 resonant pair cannot be excluded as a viable model, since the error due to the wrong model is smaller than the scatter. For 187 EOD stars chi(2)-probabilities can be used to reject the Keplerian models with a confidence of 95% for 54% of the stars and with 99.9% for 39% of the stars. For HD 27894 a considerable fit improvement is obtained when adding a low-mass planet near half the orbital period of the known Jovian planet. Dynamical analysis demonstrates that this system is stable when both planets are initially placed on circular orbits. For fully Keplerian orbits a stable system is only obtained if the eccentricity of the inner planet is constrained to <0.3. Conclusions. A large part of the allegedly RV detected single-planet systems should be scrutinized in order to determine the fraction of systems containing near-2:1 resonant pairs of planets. Knowing the abundance of such systems will allow us to revise the eccentricity distribution for extrasolar planets and provide direct constraints for planetary system formation. C1 [Kuerster, Martin; Rodler, Florian] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Trifonov, Trifon] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Earth Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Reffert, Sabine] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kostogryz, Nadiia M.] Kiepenheuer Inst Sonnenphys, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Kostogryz, Nadiia M.] NAS Ukraine, Main Astron Observ, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. [Rodler, Florian] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kurster, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM kuerster@mpia-hd.mpg.de; trifonov@hku.hk; sreffert@lsw.uni-heidelberg.de; kostogryz@kis.uni-freiburg.de; flo@mpia.de FU European Research Council [ERC-2011-AdG 291659]; Alexander von Humboldt foundation FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful suggestions. N.M.K. ackowledges support by the European Research Council Advanced Grant HotMol (ERC-2011-AdG 291659). F.R. acknowledges financial support from the Alexander von Humboldt foundation. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 577 AR A103 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201525872 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CM0CN UT WOS:000357345900055 ER PT J AU Vlemmings, WHT Ramstedt, S O'Gorman, E Humphreys, EML Wittkowski, M Baudry, A Karovska, M AF Vlemmings, W. H. T. Ramstedt, S. O'Gorman, E. Humphreys, E. M. L. Wittkowski, M. Baudry, A. Karovska, M. TI Resolving the stellar activity of the Mira AB binary with ALMA SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: atmospheres; binaries: close; stars: individual: Mira AB ID O-CETI; INTERFEROMETRIC OBSERVATIONS; RADIO PHOTOSPHERES; VARIABLE-STARS; ATMOSPHERE; IMAGES; SYSTEM AB Aims. We present the size, shape, and flux densities at millimeter continuum wavelengths, based on ALMA science verification observations in Band 3 (similar to 94.6 GHz) and Band 6 (similar to 228.7 GHz), from the binary Mira A (o Ceti) and Mira B. Methods. The Mira AB system was observed with ALMA at a spatial resolution down to similar to 25 mas. The extended atmosphere of Mira A and the wind around Mira B sources were resolved, and we derived the sizes of Mira A and of the ionized region around Mira B. The spectral indices within Band 3 (between 89-100 GHz) and between Bands 3 and 6 were also derived. Results. The spectral index of Mira A is found to change from 1.71 +/- 0.05 within Band 3 to 1.54 +/- 0.04 between Bands 3 and 6. The spectral index of Mira B is 1.3 +/- 0.2 in Band 3, in good agreement with measurements at longer wavelengths; however, it rises to 1.72 +/- 0.11 between the bands. For the first time, the extended atmosphere of a star is resolved at these frequencies, and for Mira A the diameter is similar to 3.8 x 3.2 AU in Band 3 (with brightness temperature T-b similar to 5300 K) and similar to 4.0 x 3.6 AU in Band 6 (T-b similar to 2500 K). Additionally, a bright hotspot similar to 0.4 AU, with T-b similar to 10 000 K, is found on the stellar disk of Mira A. The size of the ionized region around the accretion disk of Mira B is found to be similar to 2.4 AU. Conclusions. The emission around Mira B is consistent with emission from a partially ionized wind of gravitationally bound material from Mira A close to the accretion disk of Mira B. The Mira A atmosphere does not fully match predictions with brightness temperatures in Band 3 significantly higher than expected, potentially owing to shock heating. The hotspot is very likely due to magnetic activity and could be related to the previously observed X-ray flare of Mira A. C1 [Vlemmings, W. H. T.; O'Gorman, E.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Ramstedt, S.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Humphreys, E. M. L.; Wittkowski, M.] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Baudry, A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Baudry, A.] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Karovska, M.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Vlemmings, WHT (reprint author), Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. EM wouter.vlemmings@chalmers.se OI /0000-0002-2700-9916; Wittkowski, Markus/0000-0002-7952-9550 FU Marie Curie Career Integration Grant [321691]; Swedish Research Council (VR); European Research Council through ERC consolidator grant [614264] FX This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00014.SV. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. This research is supported by Marie Curie Career Integration Grant 321691, the Swedish Research Council (VR), and the European Research Council through ERC consolidator grant 614264. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 577 AR L4 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526186 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CM0CN UT WOS:000357345900105 ER PT J AU Ryabchikova, T Piskunov, N Kurucz, RL Stempels, HC Heiter, U Pakhomov, Y Barklem, PS AF Ryabchikova, T. Piskunov, N. Kurucz, R. L. Stempels, H. C. Heiter, U. Pakhomov, Yu Barklem, P. S. TI A major upgrade of the VALD database SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article DE data bases; atomic and molecular data; astrophysics ID LINE-DATA-BASE; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; TIO; SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEM AB Vienna atomic line database (VALD) is a collection of critically evaluated laboratory parameters for individual atomic transitions, complemented by theoretical calculations. VALD is actively used by astronomers for stellar spectroscopic studies-model atmosphere calculations, atmospheric parameter determinations, abundance analysis etc. The two first VALD releases contained parameters for atomic transitions only. In a major upgrade of VALD-VALD3, publically available from spring 2014, atomic data was complemented with parameters of molecular lines. The diatomic molecules C-2, CH, CN, CO, OH, MgH, SiH, TiO are now included. For each transition VALD provides species name, wavelength, energy, quantum number J and Lande-factor of the lower and upper levels, radiative, Stark and van der Waals damping factors and a full description of electronic configurarion and term information of both levels. Compared to the previous versions we have revised and verify all of the existing data and added new measurements and calculations for transitions in the range between 20 angstrom and 200 microns. All transitions were complemented with term designations in a consistent way and electron configurations when available. All data were checked for consistency: listed wavelength versus Ritz, selection rules etc. A new bibliographic system keeps track of literature references for each parameter in a given transition throughout the merging process so that every selected data entry can be traced to the original source. The query language and the extraction tools can now handle various units, vacuum and air wavelengths. In the upgrade process we had an intensive interaction with data producers, which was very helpful for improving the quality of the VALD content. C1 [Ryabchikova, T.; Pakhomov, Yu] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Astron, Moscow V71, Russia. [Piskunov, N.; Stempels, H. C.; Heiter, U.; Barklem, P. S.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Astron & Space Phys, Uppsala, Sweden. [Kurucz, R. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Ryabchikova, T (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Astron, Moscow V71, Russia. EM ryabchik@inasan.ru RI Pakhomov, Yury/B-5172-2014 FU Basic Research Program of the Russian Academy of Sciences 'Non-stationary phenomena in the Universe'; EU FP7 infrastructure grant 'Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Center'; 'Swedish Science Infrastructure Council (RFI)' 'VALD database' FX This work was supported by the Basic Research Program of the Russian Academy of Sciences 'Non-stationary phenomena in the Universe' (TR), the EU FP7 infrastructure grant 'Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Center' and the 'Swedish Science Infrastructure Council (RFI)' 'VALD database' NR 24 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 90 IS 5 AR 054005 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/90/5/054005 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CK8OX UT WOS:000356498700006 ER PT J AU Diaz-Montilla, AE Gonzalez, R Solis, MA Saldamando-Benjumea, CI AF Diaz-Montilla, A. E. Gonzalez, Ranulfo Solis, M. Alma Saldamando-Benjumea, C. I. TI Evidence of Sexual Selection in Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae): Correlation of Female Moth Genitalia and Solanaceae Host Fruit Size SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE selection; biotype; genitalia; Solanaceae; fruit ID MECHANICAL REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; PLANT ASSOCIATION; COLOMBIA; BORER; MORPHOLOGY; SPECIATION; NOCTUIDAE; PARAGUAY; INSECTS AB Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a major pest of fruits in the family Solanaceae in the Western Hemisphere. The objectives of this study were to determine whether life zone or host plant explained morphological variation in females, and if so, if there was evidence of sexual selection driving diversification in this species. We collected larvae feeding on cultivated (Capsicum annuum L., Solanum betaceum Cavanilles, Solanum lycopersicum Lamarck, Solanum melongena L., and Solanum quitoense Lamarck) and wild species (Solanum atropurpureum Schrank, Solanum acerifolium Dunal, Solanum crinitum Lamarck, and Solanum hirtum Vahl) of Solanceae in Colombia. The genitalia traits of 547 reared females were measured and correlations with host plant fruit size were estimated. Six female genitalia morphological characters, apophysis posterioris, apophysis anterioris, ostium bursae, ductus bursae length, corpus bursae, and the seventh abdominal segment were measured. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis classified individuals based on female morphological similarity and clustered them into four main groups according to host plant: 1) S. aceriflolium; 2) S. quitoense, S. lycopersicum, C. annuum and S. hirtum; 3) S. atroporpureum; 4) S. melongena, S. crinitum and S. betaceum. In this unique study, we found that variation in female genitalia size is directly correlated with the size of its host fruit, which suggests a mechanism for reproductive isolation and divergence of the four host races. Ours is one of the first studies that shows female genitalia morphology is correlated with species of host plants and represents a valuable contribution to the study of sexual selection in the evolution of insects. C1 [Diaz-Montilla, A. E.] Corp Colombiana Invest Agr CORPOICA, Ctr Invest Selva, Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia. [Gonzalez, Ranulfo] Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Cali, Colombia. [Solis, M. Alma] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Saldamando-Benjumea, C. I.] Univ Nacl Colombia Medellin, Dept Biociencias, Fac Ciencias, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia. RP Diaz-Montilla, AE (reprint author), Corp Colombiana Invest Agr CORPOICA, Ctr Invest Selva, Rionegro, Antioquia, Colombia. EM anaelizabethd@gmail.com FU Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural de Colombia [PN25100033] FX Many thanks to Dr. Cesar Cardona (deceased) from Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, International Center for Tropical Agriculture CIAT and to Dr. Argemiro Dominguez for statistics analysis. This project was funded by Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural de Colombia Project number PN25100033. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 108 IS 3 BP 272 EP 281 DI 10.1093/aesa/sav011 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL6NQ UT WOS:000357084200008 ER PT J AU Jenner, FE Hauri, EH Bullock, ES Konig, S Arculus, RJ Mavrogenes, JA Mikkelson, N Goddard, C AF Jenner, Frances E. Hauri, Erik H. Bullock, Emma S. Koenig, Stephan Arculus, Richard J. Mavrogenes, John A. Mikkelson, Nicole Goddard, Charlotte TI The competing effects of sulfide saturation versus degassing on the behavior of the chalcophile elements during the differentiation of hydrous melts SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE sulfide; magma mixing; chalcophile; mid-ocean ridge basalt; convergent margin; degassing ID VALU-FA-RIDGE; HIGHLY SIDEROPHILE ELEMENTS; EASTERN MANUS BASIN; SOUTHERN LAU BASIN; BACK-ARC BASIN; OXIDATION-STATE; ORE-DEPOSITS; SUBDUCTION ZONE; OXYGEN FUGACITY; SILICATE MELTS AB There is a lack of consensus regarding the roles of sulfide saturation versus volatile degassing on the partitioning of Cu and Ag during differentiation and eruption of convergent margin magmas. Because of their oxidized character, volatile-rich magmas from the Eastern Manus Back-arc Basin (EMBB) only reach sulfide saturation following magnetite-driven reduction of the melt: the so-called magnetite crisis. If sulfide saturation typically precedes volatile saturation, the magnetite crisis will limit the proportion of Cu and Ag that can partition from the melt into an exsolving volatile-rich phase, which may contribute to the sporadic occurrence of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits at convergent margins. However, it is unclear whether the magnetite crisis is a common or rare event during differentiation of volatile-rich magmas. We report major and trace element data for submarine volcanic glasses from the Tonga arc-proximal Valu Fa Ridge (VFR; SW Pacific). Cu-Se-Ag systematics of samples erupting at the southern VFR suggest magnetite fractionation-triggered sulfide saturation. The similarity in chalcophile element systematics of the southern VFR and EMBB samples is unlikely to be coincidental, and may indicate that the magnetite crisis is a common event during differentiation of hydrous melts. However, unlike many convergent margin magmas, it is unlikely that the evolving VFR and EMBB were saturated in a S-bearing volatile phase prior to magnetite fractionation. Hence, the metal-depleting magnetite crisis may be restricted to back-arc basin magmas that do not degas volatiles prior to magnetite fractionation and potentially convergent margin magmas fractionating at high pressures in the continental crust. C1 [Jenner, Frances E.] Open Univ, Dept Environm Earth & Ecosyst, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Jenner, Frances E.; Hauri, Erik H.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC USA. [Bullock, Emma S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Koenig, Stephan] Univ Tubingen, Isotopengeochem, Tubingen, Germany. [Arculus, Richard J.; Mavrogenes, John A.; Mikkelson, Nicole] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Goddard, Charlotte] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Jenner, FE (reprint author), Open Univ, Dept Environm Earth & Ecosyst, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. EM frances.jenner@open.ac.uk FU Australian Research Council; Deep Carbon Observatory; DTM FX Major and trace element data for samples from the VFR are presented in supporting information. We thank the officers, crew, and coscientific staff of the RV Southern Surveyor 02/2003 Tonga-Eastern Lau Vents Expedition for their effort in retrieving samples from the Valu Fa Ridge that were analyzed as part of this study. The postvoyage analytical costs for analyses undertaken at the RSES were supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Grant to Richard Arculus and John Mavrogenes. Frances Jenner and Erik Hauri acknowledge funding from the Deep Carbon Observatory and the DTM for analyses undertaken at the DTM. We thank Jianhua Wang, Tim Mock, and Charlotte Allen for expert maintenance and assistance in the DTM SIMS lab and LA-ICPMS facility at the RSES, ANU, respectively. Ed Mathez, Sune Nielsen, and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for taking the time to review our manuscript and for their constructive criticism that improved the clarity of the text. Jannes Blichert-Toft is thanked for the editorial handing of our manuscript and constructive criticism throughout the submission process. NR 90 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 26 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1525-2027 J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1490 EP 1507 DI 10.1002/2014GC005670 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CL1NG UT WOS:000356710000015 ER PT J AU West, CF Jarvis, KN AF West, C. F. Jarvis, K. N. TI Osteometric Variation in Domestic Dogs (Canis familiaris) from the Kodiak Archipelago, Alaska SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alaska; domestic dog; Kodiak; North Pacific; osteometry; zooarchaeology ID SEXUAL DIMORPHISM; AGE CALIBRATION; BONE AB The research presented here is a re-examination of domestic dog (Canis familiaris) remains from the Uyak site on Kodiak Island, Alaska. Previous analyses suggest there were two breeds of dog represented in this archaeological assemblage, primarily on the basis of dog cranial size. Here, we use a series of metric and nonmetric traits to test the argument that these breeds' actually represent a population of male and female dogs. On the basis of the results presented here, we argue the metric and nonmetric data produced by this study suggest that the dogs in this sample are male and female specimens, rather than two distinct breeds. The Uyak assemblage is the largest collection of domestic dog from Kodiak, and these results have the potential to contribute to our understanding of human-dog relationships in the archipelago. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [West, C. F.] Univ Maine, Dept Anthropol, Orono Smithsonian Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [West, C. F.] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono Smithsonian Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Jarvis, K. N.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA. RP West, CF (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Anthropol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM catherine.west@umit.maine.edu FU Smithsonian Institution's Office of Fellowships; NMNH Program on Human Ecology and Archaeobiology FX Thanks first to the Alutiiq Museum and Archaeological Repository in Kodiak, Alaska, which has graciously acknowledged the value of further study of the Uyak collections. Thanks to Susan Crockford and Amy Steffian for advice and direction on this project. We acknowledge the Anthropology and Mammalogy Departments at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, for permission to study the Uyak fauna, the Smithsonian Institution's Office of Fellowships for their financial support, and Torben Rick and Melinda Zeder in the NMNH Program on Human Ecology and Archaeobiology for their guidance. The accelerator mass spectrometry dates were provided by the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility with funding from the NMNH Program on Human Ecology and Archaeobiology. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1047-482X EI 1099-1212 J9 INT J OSTEOARCHAEOL JI Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 3 BP 289 EP 298 DI 10.1002/oa.2293 PG 10 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA CK7DU UT WOS:000356392300004 ER PT J AU France, CAM Owsley, DW AF France, C. A. M. Owsley, D. W. TI Stable Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Spacing Between Bone and Tooth Collagen and Hydroxyapatite in Human Archaeological Remains SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone; carbon isotopes; collagen; hydroxyapatite; human; oxygen isotopes; tooth ID NATURAL-ABUNDANCE DELTA-N-15; DIAGENETIC EVOLUTION; C-13/C-12 RATIOS; LA-BREA; NITROGEN; DIET; PHOSPHATE; APATITE; N-15; FRACTIONATION AB Spacing between stable isotope values in bones and teeth is a valuable tool for examining dietary influences and diagenesis. This study examines carbon and oxygen isotope values from collagen and hydroxyapatite (structural carbonate and phosphate) in archaeological human bones and teeth to derive species-specific correlation equations and isotope spacing values. The C-13(collagen) and C-13(structural) (carbonate) in bone and dentin collagen show a strong correlation (R = 0.87, 0.90, respectively) with an average C-13(carb-coll) spacing of 5.4 parts per thousand. The consistency of this isotope spacing with other large mammals and in humans with both low and high protein intake (as indicated by enriched N-15 values) suggests a similar allocation of protein-derived carbon and whole diet-derived carbon to collagen and structural carbonates, respectively, as other terrestrial mammals regardless of absolute meat intake. The O-18(structural carbonate) and O-18(phosphate) show the strongest correlation in enamel (R = 0.65), weaker correlations in dentin (R = 0.59) and bone (R = 0.35), with an average O-18(carb-phos) of 7.8 parts per thousand. This isotope spacing is slightly lower than previously reported for large mammals and limited available data for humans. The results potentially indicate species-specific fractionations and differing access to body water and blood-dissolved inorganic carbonates in the presence of collagen formation. The use of correlation between O-18(structural carbonate) and O-18(phosphate) to determine diagenetic state is not recommended. The strength of this correlation observed in bones and teeth is variable and alternate indicators of diagenetic state (i.e. C:N ratios of collagen) provide more robust and independent evidence of isotope preservation despite presence/absence of a strong isotope correlation. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [France, C. A. M.] Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Owsley, D. W.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP France, CAM (reprint author), Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM francec@si.edu NR 78 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1047-482X EI 1099-1212 J9 INT J OSTEOARCHAEOL JI Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 25 IS 3 BP 299 EP 312 DI 10.1002/oa.2300 PG 14 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA CK7DU UT WOS:000356392300005 ER PT J AU Waters, LE Andrews, BJ Lange, RA AF Waters, Laura E. Andrews, Benjamin J. Lange, Rebecca A. TI Rapid Crystallization of Plagioclase Phenocrysts in Silicic Melts during Fluid-saturated Ascent: Phase Equilibrium and Decompression Experiments SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY LA English DT Article DE experimental petrology; rhyolite; plagioclase; water; equilibria ID MOUNT-ST-HELENS; DEGASSING-INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION; MAGMA STORAGE-CONDITIONS; EXPERIMENTAL CONSTRAINTS; DRIVEN CRYSTALLIZATION; HILLS VOLCANO; KINETICS; GROWTH; DIFFUSION; RHYOLITE AB Three crystal-poor obsidian samples (one dacite, 67 wt % SiO2; two rhyolites, 73 and 75 wt % SiO2), which erupted effusively from monogenetic vents, contain sparse (<2%) plagioclase phenocrysts that span a remarkably wide and continuous range in composition (<= 30 mol % An). Many, but not all, of the plagioclase crystals display diffusion-limited growth textures (e.g. swallow-tails, skeletal, vermiform). Hypotheses to explain the paradox of a wide compositional range despite a low abundance of plagioclase include (1) incorporation of xenocrysts and/or magma mingling, (2) slow crystallization of plagioclase driven by slow cooling in a magma chamber, (3) slow crystallization of plagioclase followed by a resorption (e.g. heating) event, and (4) crystallization driven by rapid degassing (i.e. loss of melt H2O) +/- rapid cooling during ascent. To test these hypotheses, a series of phase equilibrium experiments were conducted under pure-H2O fluid-saturated conditions in a cold-seal pressure vessel between 30 and 300 MPa and 750 and 950 degrees C. The results show that the plagioclase population in each obsidian sample could have grown from their respective melts, with the exception of a single calcic core (An(60-63)) in one sample. The results additionally rule out slow cooling in a magma chamber, because this would lead to equilibrium abundances of plagioclase (<= 20%), which are far higher than what is observed in the samples (<2%). Nor can resorption (i.e. heating) explain the low abundance of plagioclase, because this would eliminate the more sodic plagioclase crystals and hence the wide compositional range of plagioclase that is observed. The most viable hypothesis is that the sparse plagioclase phenocrysts grew relatively rapidly during magma ascent to the surface; this is consistent with the results of isothermal (850 degrees C) continuous decompression experiments (2.9, 1.0, 0.8, and 0.1 MPa h(-1)), under pure-H2O fluid-saturated conditions, which were performed on one of the rhyolites (MLV-36; 73 wt % SiO2) and quenched at P-H2O = 89, 58 and 40 MPa. The four decompression rates correspond to degassing rates of 1.6, 0.56, 0.45 and 0.06 wt % H2O per day. Decompressions >= 1.0 MPa (P-H2O) h(-1), initiated above the liquidus, quenched to 100% glass at all final P-H2O. Decompressions at 0.8 MPa (P-H2O) h(-1), also initiated above the liquidus, led to plagioclase crystals nearly five times larger than those grown in runs decompressed at the same rate, but initiated just below the plagioclase-in curve. It is the kinetic hindrance to nucleation that permits crystal growth to be concentrated on relatively few crystals, leading to larger crystals. Plagioclase growth rates from these experiments show that the largest phenocrysts (similar to 1 mm) in the MLV-36 obsidian could have grown in <42 h. A cooling rate of similar to 1.2 degrees C h(-1) closely matches both the increase in melt viscosity with time and the effective undercooling with time that occurs during the 0.8 MPa(P-H2O) h(-1) decompression over the first 50 h. The combined results point to crystallization of sparse plagioclase driven by relatively rapid rates of degassing +/- cooling during ascent to the surface of melts that were initially above their liquidus. The obsidian samples must have been efficiently segregated as nearly 100% liquids from their respective source regions at H2O-fluid undersaturated conditions to attain a degree of superheating upon ascent before reaching fluid saturation. C1 [Waters, Laura E.; Lange, Rebecca A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Andrews, Benjamin J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Waters, LE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM lewaters@umich.edu FU National Science Foundation [EAR-12503685, EAR-9911352]; University of Michigan FX This experimental study was supported by the National Science Foundation (EAR-12503685 and EAR-9911352), along with discretionary funds from the University of Michigan. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-3530 EI 1460-2415 J9 J PETROL JI J. Petrol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 56 IS 5 BP 981 EP 1006 DI 10.1093/petrology/egv025 PG 26 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CL1SD UT WOS:000356723700006 ER PT J AU Jiang, JC Bambi, C Steiner, JF AF Jiang, Jiachen Bambi, Cosimo Steiner, James F. TI Using iron line reverberation and spectroscopy to distinguish Kerr and non-Kerr black holes SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE modified gravity; astrophysical black holes; X-rays ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY REFLECTION; RELATIVISTIC GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE; NONBARYONIC COMPACT OBJECT; K-ALPHA LINE; ACCRETION DISKS; NONSPHERICAL PERTURBATIONS; SPIN MEASUREMENTS; EVENT HORIZON; HAIR THEOREM AB The iron K alpha line commonly observed in the X-ray spectrum of both stellar-mass and supermassive black hole candidates is produced by the illumination of a cold accretion disk by a hot corona. In this framework, the activation of a new flaring region in the hot corona imprints a time variation on the iron line spectrum. Future X-ray facilities with high time resolution and large effective areas may be able to measure the so-called 2-dimensional transfer function; that is, the iron line profile detected by a distant observer as a function of time in response to an instantaneous flare from the X-ray primary source. This work is a preliminary study to determine if and how such a technique can provide more information about the spacetime geometry around the compact object than the already possible measurements of the time-integrated iron line profile. Within our simplified model, we find that a measurement of iron line reverberation can improve constraints appreciably given a sufficiently strong signal, though that most of the information is present in the time-integrated spectrum. Our aim is to test the Kerr metric. We find that current X-ray facilities and data are unable to provide strong tests of the Kerr nature of supermassive black hole candidates. We consider an optimistic case of 10(5) iron line photons from a next-generation data set. With such data, the reverberation model improves upon the spectral constraint by an order of magnitude. C1 [Jiang, Jiachen; Bambi, Cosimo] Fudan Univ, Ctr Field Theory & Particle Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Jiachen; Bambi, Cosimo] Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Steiner, James F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Bambi, C (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Ctr Field Theory & Particle Phys, 220 Handan Rd, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. EM jcjiang12@fudan.edu.cn; bambi@fudan.edu.cn; jsteiner@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSFC [11305038]; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission grant for Innovative Programs [14ZZ001]; Thousand Young Talents Program; Fudan University; NASA Hubble Fellowship grant [HST-HF-51315.01] FX We would like to thank Gary Hinshaw for useful comments and suggestions. JJ and CB were supported by the NSFC grant No. 11305038, the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission grant for Innovative Programs No. 14ZZ001, the Thousand Young Talents Program, and Fudan University. JFS was supported by the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-51315.01. NR 97 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD MAY PY 2015 IS 5 AR 025 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2015/05/025 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CJ9AN UT WOS:000355794800025 ER PT J AU Deutsch, JI AF Deutsch, James I. TI Zanis Lipke Memorial SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN LA English DT Art Exhibit Review C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Deutsch, JI (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA SN 0272-3433 J9 PUBL HISTORIAN JI Public Hist. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 37 IS 2 BP 163 EP 167 PG 5 WC History SC History GA CJ8SJ UT WOS:000355773500026 ER PT J AU Bougeois, L Williams, B Halfar, J Konar, B Adey, W Kronz, A Wortmann, UG AF Bougeois, Laurie Williams, Branwen Halfar, Jochen Konar, Brenda Adey, Walter Kronz, Andreas Wortmann, Ulrich G. TI Does the coralline alga Leptophytum foecundum (Kjellman) capture paleoenvironmental variability in the Arctic Ocean? SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MG/CA RATIOS; BERING-SEA; RED ALGAE; RESOLUTION; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; PROXY; CALIBRATION; RHODOPHYTA; ISLANDICA AB Records of high resolution climate variability in the past are essential to understanding the climate change observed today. This is particularly true for Arctic regions, which are rapidly warming. Prior to instrumental data, proxy records can be extracted from high-latitude climate archives to provide critical records of past Arctic climate variability. Here, we investigate the feasibility of extracting records of climate and environmental variability from the skeleton of the crustose coralline alga Leptophytum foecundum from offshore the Sagavanirktok River in the Beaufort Sea. Although this alga forms an annually banded skeleton, age chronologies were established with difficulty due to the large uncalcified reproductive structures relative to low annual growth rates. Average measurements of skeletal Mg content, delta O-18(alga) values, and delta C-13(alga) values were consistent among the analyzed specimens, but time series of these parameters only significantly correlated between two of the collected specimens for delta O-18(alga). No clear trends in environmental variability explained the patterns in the skeletal geochemistry over time. This suggests that ambient seawater combined with freshwater from the Sagavanirktok River drives the geochemistry of L. foecundum at this site. Thus, coralline algal specimens located near variable sources of low-salinity waters are not ideal organisms to use as proxy archives. C1 [Bougeois, Laurie; Williams, Branwen; Halfar, Jochen] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem & Phys Sci, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Bougeois, Laurie] Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, UMR 6118, Geosci Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France. [Bougeois, Laurie] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7193, Inst Sci Terre Paris, F-75005 Paris, France. [Konar, Brenda] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Adey, Walter] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Kronz, Andreas] Univ Gottingen, Geowissensch Zentrum, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Wortmann, Ulrich G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. RP Williams, B (reprint author), Scripps Coll, Pitzer Coll, Claremont Mckenna Coll, M Keck Sci Dept, 925 North Mills Ave, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. EM bwilliams@kecksci.claremont.edu FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (Canada) Discovery Grant FX Mathew Schellekens provided the data for Sag River. Hong Li assisted with the isotope analyses at the Geology Department at University of Toronto. Sophie Padie and Phoebe Chan provided assistance with data interpretation and statistical analyses. Analyses and visualizations of Beaufort Sea SST used in this paper were produced with the Giovanni online data system, developed and maintained by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). Funding was provided by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (Canada) Discovery Grant to Halfar. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 EI 1938-4246 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 47 IS 2 BP 375 EP 387 DI 10.1657/AAAR0014-061 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA CJ6TS UT WOS:000355627500018 ER PT J AU Tonra, CM Both, C Marra, PP AF Tonra, Christopher M. Both, Christiaan Marra, Peter P. TI Incorporating site and year-specific deuterium ratios (H-2) from precipitation into geographic assignments of a migratory bird SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; LONG-TERM; CONNECTIVITY; HYDROGEN; ORIGIN; TRACKING; GEOLOCATORS; DELTA-H-2; FEATHERS; SONGBIRD AB The study of migratory connectivity is rapidly growing in ornithology, as is the technology used to measure it. While use of extrinsic markers, such as archival tags, is becoming more prevalent, for many small species the best tool available for tracking birds remains intrinsic markers, such as stable-hydrogen isotope ratios (H-2). Many researchers have raised concerns that spatial and temporal environmental variation introduces a large amount of error into isotope-based assignments, limiting their utility. Here, using feathers, we sought to address these issues in developing H-2 base maps for assigning pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca of known origin to 15 sites across the breeding range (approx. 4 020 800 km(2)). We evaluated the effects of including random site variation and year-specific precipitation H-2 (H-2(P)) maps on assignments, compared to using mean annual growing season H-2(p) and no site effects. We found a positive correlation between feather H-2 (H-2(F)) and mean annual H-2(P,) resulting from large scale geographic variation. Repeatability of feather H-2 for individuals sampled in multiple years was strong overall, but variable among populations. Annual variation in H-2(P) explained 21% of within individual variation in H-2(F). Neither year- nor site-specific methods improved assignment precision or accuracy. All three methods assigned flycatchers of unknown origin captured at an African overwintering site to similar breeding areas. However, methods using long-term means of H-2(p) assigned birds more precisely than year-specific methods. Our results suggest that annual variation in this system is primarily a result of food web or individual level processes and that random site effects are not strong enough to drastically impact accuracy. We conclude that improvements in isotope based geographic assignments will rely on the addition of prior information, such as relative abundance in a Bayesian framework, or additional intrinsic markers. C1 [Tonra, Christopher M.; Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Tonra, Christopher M.; Marra, Peter P.] Ohio State Univ, Terr Wildlife Ecol Lab, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Both, Christiaan] Univ Groningen, Anim Ecol Grp, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, Groningen, Netherlands. RP Tonra, CM (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM tonra.1@osu.edu RI Tonra, Christopher/B-1620-2013; Both, Christiaan/E-6459-2011 FU Smithsonian Post-doctoral Fellowship; VIDI-grant of the Dutch Research Council (NWO) FX We wish to thank the numerous biologists and projects who contributed feathers for this study Alexandr Artemyev, Antero Jarvinen, Erik Nyholm, Eugen Belskii, Helen Lampe, Herwig Zang, Indrik Krams, Jaime Potti, Malcolm Burgess, Paivi Sirkia, Pierre-Alain Ravussin, Raivo Mand, Stanislav Bures, Toni Laaksonen, Vladimir Grinkov, Wolfgang Winkel. This work was partially supported by a Smithsonian Post-doctoral Fellowship awarded to CMT and a VIDI-grant of the Dutch Research Council (NWO) to CB. For assistance in the laboratory we thank Leah Culp, Nora Diggs, and Christine France. Clark Rushing, Michael Hallworth, and Colin Studds provided valuable input on analysis and comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0908-8857 EI 1600-048X J9 J AVIAN BIOL JI J. Avian Biol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 46 IS 3 BP 266 EP 274 DI 10.1111/jav.00553 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA CJ6RX UT WOS:000355622400005 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Gomez, V Genel, S Vogelsberger, M Sijacki, D Pillepich, A Sales, LV Torrey, P Snyder, G Nelson, D Springel, V Ma, CP Hernquist, L AF Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente Genel, Shy Vogelsberger, Mark Sijacki, Debora Pillepich, Annalisa Sales, Laura V. Torrey, Paul Snyder, Greg Nelson, Dylan Springel, Volker Ma, Chung-Pei Hernquist, Lars TI The merger rate of galaxies in the Illustris simulation: a comparison with observations and semi-empirical models SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: interactions; cosmology: theory ID SIMILAR-TO 1; DARK-MATTER HALOES; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; GOODS NICMOS SURVEY; MASSIVE GALAXIES; MOVING MESH; LAMBDA-CDM; ENVIRONMENTAL DEPENDENCE; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; SEMIANALYTIC MODEL AB We have constructed merger trees for galaxies in the Illustris simulation by directly tracking the baryonic content of subhaloes. These merger trees are used to calculate the galaxy-galaxy merger rate as a function of descendant stellar mass, progenitor stellar mass ratio, and redshift. We demonstrate that the most appropriate definition for the mass ratio of a galaxy-galaxy merger consists in taking both progenitor masses at the time when the secondary progenitor reaches its maximum stellar mass. Additionally, we avoid effects from 'orphaned' galaxies by allowing some objects to 'skip' a snapshot when finding a descendant, and by only considering mergers which show a well-defined 'infall' moment. Adopting these definitions, we obtain well-converged predictions for the galaxy-galaxy merger rate with the following main features, which are qualitatively similar to the halo-halo merger rate except for the last one: a strong correlation with redshift that evolves as similar to(1 + z)(2.4-2.8), a power law with respect to mass ratio, and an increasing dependence on descendant stellar mass, which steepens significantly for descendant stellar masses greater than similar to 2 x 10(11) M-circle dot. These trends are consistent with observational constraints for medium-sized galaxies (M-* greater than or similar to 10(10) M-circle dot), but in tension with some recent observations of the close pair fraction for massive galaxies (M-* greater than or similar to 10(11) M-circle dot), which report a nearly constant or decreasing evolution with redshift. Finally, we provide a fitting function for the galaxy-galaxy merger rate which is accurate over a wide range of stellar masses, progenitor mass ratios, and redshifts. C1 [Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente; Genel, Shy; Pillepich, Annalisa; Sales, Laura V.; Nelson, Dylan; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Genel, Shy] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark; Torrey, Paul] MIT, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Sijacki, Debora] Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sales, Laura V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Snyder, Greg] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Ma, Chung-Pei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rodriguez-Gomez, V (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM vrodriguez-gomez@cfa.harvard.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079 FU European Research Council through ERC-StG grant [EXAGAL-308037]; NASA [NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX We are grateful to Asa Bluck, Gurtina Besla, Sarah Wellons, and Joshua Suresh for useful comments and discussions. We also thank Laura Blecha for carefully reading the manuscript. VS acknowledges support by the European Research Council through ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 69 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 1 BP 49 EP 64 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv264 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2WO UT WOS:000355345600005 ER PT J AU Price, DC Smirnov, OM AF Price, D. C. Smirnov, O. M. TI Generalized formalisms of the radio interferometer measurement equation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; techniques: interferometric; techniques: polarimetric ID FLUX-DENSITY SCALE; STOKES PARAMETERS; SELF-CALIBRATION; POLARIMETRY; MATRIX AB The radio interferometer measurement equation (RIME) is a matrix-based mathematical model that describes the response of a radio interferometer. The Jones calculus it employs is not suitable for describing the analogue components of a telescope. This is because it does not consider the effect of impedance mismatches between components. This paper aims to highlight the limitations of Jones calculus, and suggests some alternative methods that are more applicable. We reformulate the RIME with a different basis that includes magnetic and mixed coherency statistics. We present a microwave network inspired 2N-port version of the RIME, and a tensor formalism based upon the electromagnetic tensor from special relativity. We elucidate the limitations of the Jones-matrix-based RIME for describing analogue components. We show how measured scattering parameters of analogue components can be used in a 2N-port version of the RIME. In addition, we show how motion at relativistic speed affects the observed flux. We present reformulations of the RIME that correctly account for magnetic field coherency. These reformulations extend the standard formulation, highlight its limitations, and may have applications in space-based interferometry and precise absolute calibration experiments. C1 [Price, D. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 01243 USA. [Smirnov, O. M.] Rhodes Univ, Det Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Smirnov, O. M.] SKA South Africa, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. RP Price, DC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, MS42,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 01243 USA. EM dprice@cfa.harvard.edu FU South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation; NSF [AST-1106054, AST-1106059, AST-1106045, AST-1105949] FX We would like to thank Stef Salvini, Ian Heywood, and Mike Jones for their comments, Tobias Carozzi for his valuable insight, and the late Steve Rawlings for his advice in the seminal stages of this paper. OMS's research is supported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation. This work has made use of LWA1 outrigger dipoles made available by the LEDA project, funded by NSF under grants AST-1106054, AST-1106059, AST-1106045, and AST-1105949. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 1 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv137 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2WO UT WOS:000355345600010 ER PT J AU Wellons, S Torrey, P Ma, CP Rodriguez-Gomez, V Vogelsberger, M Kriek, M van Dokkum, P Nelson, E Genel, S Pillepich, A Springel, V Sijacki, D Snyder, G Nelson, D Sales, L Hernquist, L AF Wellons, Sarah Torrey, Paul Ma, Chung-Pei Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente Vogelsberger, Mark Kriek, Mariska van Dokkum, Pieter Nelson, Erica Genel, Shy Pillepich, Annalisa Springel, Volker Sijacki, Debora Snyder, Gregory Nelson, Dylan Sales, Laura Hernquist, Lars TI The formation of massive, compact galaxies at z=2 in the Illustris simulation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift ID SIMILAR-TO 2; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; INSIDE-OUT GROWTH; FIELD CAMERA 3; QUIESCENT GALAXIES; SIZE EVOLUTION; STAR-FORMATION; MOVING-MESH; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; EXTRA LIGHT AB Massive, quiescent galaxies at high redshift have been found to be considerably more compact than galaxies of similar mass in the local universe. How these compact galaxies formed has yet to be determined, though several progenitor populations have been proposed. Here we investigate the formation processes and quantify the assembly histories of such galaxies in Illustris, a suite of hydrodynamical cosmological simulations encompassing a sufficiently large volume to include rare objects, while simultaneously resolving the internal structure of galaxies. We select massive (similar to 10(11) M-circle dot) and compact (stellar half-mass radius <2 kpc) galaxies from the simulation at z = 2. Within the Illustris suite, we find that these quantities are not perfectly converged, but are reasonably reliable for our purposes. The resulting population is composed primarily of quiescent galaxies, but we also find several star-forming compact galaxies. The simulated compact galaxies are similar to observed galaxies in star formation activity and appearance. We follow their evolution at high redshift in the simulation and find that there are multiple pathways to form these compact galaxies, dominated by two mechanisms: (i) intense, centrally concentrated starbursts generally triggered by gas-rich major mergers between z similar to 2-4, reducing the galaxies' half-mass radii by a factor of a few to below 2 kpc, and (ii) assembly at very early times when the universe was much denser; the galaxies formed compact and remained so until z similar to 2. C1 [Wellons, Sarah; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente; Genel, Shy; Pillepich, Annalisa; Nelson, Dylan; Sales, Laura; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Torrey, Paul; Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ma, Chung-Pei; Kriek, Mariska] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [van Dokkum, Pieter; Nelson, Erica] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Genel, Shy] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, ARI, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Sijacki, Debora] Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Snyder, Gregory] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Wellons, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM swellons@cfa.harvard.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079 FU National Science Foundation [DGE1144152]; NASA [NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX SW is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant number DGE1144152. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. We thank Pascal Oesch for helpful discussions and guidance on generating the mock observations presented in this paper. NR 83 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 1 BP 361 EP 372 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv303 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2WO UT WOS:000355345600026 ER PT J AU Gafton, E Tejeda, E Guillochon, J Korobkin, O Rosswog, S AF Gafton, E. Tejeda, E. Guillochon, J. Korobkin, O. Rosswog, S. TI Relativistic effects on tidal disruption kicks of solitary stars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; hydrodynamics; relativistic processes; methods: numerical; galaxies: nuclei ID MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; HYPERVELOCITY STAR; GALACTIC-CENTER; ECCENTRIC ORBITS; BINARIES; EVOLUTION; NUCLEI; GALAXY; RATES AB Solitary stars that wander too close to their galactic centres can become tidally disrupted, if the tidal forces due to the supermassive black hole residing there overcome the self-gravity of the star. If the star is only partially disrupted, so that a fraction survives as a self-bound object, this remaining core will experience a net gain in specific orbital energy, which translates into a velocity 'kick' of up to similar to 10(3) km s(-1). In this paper, we present the result of smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of such partial disruptions, and analyse the velocity kick imparted on the surviving core. We compare gamma = 5/3 and gamma = 4/3 polytropes disrupted in both a Newtonian potential, and a generalized potential that reproduces most relativistic effects around a Schwarzschild black hole either exactly or to excellent precision. For the Newtonian case, we confirm the results of previous studies that the kick velocity of the surviving core is virtually independent of the ratio of the black hole to stellar mass, and is a function of the impact parameter beta alone, reaching at most the escape velocity of the original star. For a given beta, relativistic effects become increasingly important for larger black holemasses. In particular, we find that the kick velocity increases with the black hole mass, making larger kicks more common than in the Newtonian case, as low-beta encounters are statistically more likely than high-beta encounters. The analysis of the tidal tensor for the generalized potential shows that our results are robust lower limits on the true relativistic kick velocities, and are generally in very good agreement with the exact results. C1 [Gafton, E.; Tejeda, E.; Korobkin, O.; Rosswog, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Astron, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Guillochon, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gafton, E (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Astron, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM emanuel.gafton@astro.su.se OI Gafton, Emanuel/0000-0003-0781-6638; Guillochon, James/0000-0002-9809-8215; Korobkin, Oleg/0000-0003-4156-5342 FU Swedish Research Council (VR) [621-2012-4870] FX The simulations of this paper were in part performed on the facilities of the Hochstleistungsrechenzentrum Nord (HLRN) in Hannover, and at the PDC Centre for High Performance Computing (PDC-HPC) in Stockholm. We thank John Miller for the careful reading of the manuscript, and we acknowledge useful discussions on the topic of the paper with Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz. In addition, we thank the referee, Tamara Bogdanovic, for insightful comments and very helpful suggestions. The work of SR has been supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR) under grant 621-2012-4870. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 1 BP 771 EP 780 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv350 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ2WO UT WOS:000355345600056 ER PT J AU Najera, F Brown, J Wildt, DE Virolle, L Kongprom, U Revuelta, L Goodrowe-Beck, K AF Najera, Fernando Brown, Janine Wildt, David E. Virolle, Laurie Kongprom, Urarikha Revuelta, Luis Goodrowe-Beck, Karen TI Body mass dynamics in hand reared clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) cubs from birth to weaning SO ZOO BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE clouded leopard; growth rate; hand rearing; Neofelis nebulosa ID LITTER SIZE; KITTENS AB To study the dynamics of body mass changes in hand reared clouded leopards, we analyzed 3,697 weight data points during the first 3 months of life in 49 cubs from 24 zoo-born litters from 2003 through 2012. All cubs were fed the same formula mixture after a similar weaning protocol. The hand rearing process was divided into three periods based on feeding protocols: Stage 1: formula only (Days 1-28; Day 0=day of birth); Stage 2, formula supplemented with protein (e.g., turkey baby food; Days 29-42); Stage 3, formula in decreasing amounts supplemented with meat (chicken and/or beef; Days 43-90). Weights at birth were 11.2% higher (P<0.001) for males (n=29) than females (n=20). Daily weight gain was slowest (P<0.05) during Stage 1 when cubs were fed straight formula only and fastest during Stage 3 when provided a mixture of formula and meat. Mean growth rate (+/- SD) during hand rearing differed (P<0.05) by gender, being 34.6 +/- 1.4g/day for male and 30.0 +/- 1.2g/day for female cubs. Eighteen cubs (37%) exhibited mild to severe diarrhea during the study; however, palliative treatment resulted in similar (P>0.05) growth and weaning weights compared to healthy counterparts. These are the first data documenting, on a large scale, the growth patterns for zoo born, hand reared clouded leopard cubs. Findings are valuable as an aid in managing this rare species, including for helping identify early onset of medical issues and further determining key factors regulating the first 3 months of development. Zoo Biol. 34:239-243, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals Inc. C1 [Najera, Fernando; Kongprom, Urarikha] Khao Kheow Open Zoo, Sriracha, Chonburi, Thailand. [Najera, Fernando; Revuelta, Luis] Univ Complutense Madrid, Vet Coll, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Brown, Janine; Wildt, David E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Front Royal, VA USA. [Virolle, Laurie] Alfort Natl Vet Sch, Maisons Alfort, France. [Goodrowe-Beck, Karen] Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Najera, F (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Vet Med, Avda Ciudad Uni S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM fernanaj@ucm.es RI Revuelta, Luis/F-8764-2011 OI Revuelta, Luis/0000-0002-4935-3013 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0733-3188 EI 1098-2361 J9 ZOO BIOL JI Zoo Biol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 34 IS 3 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.1002/zoo.21206 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA CK0FF UT WOS:000355880200006 PM 25716685 ER PT J AU Augustine, L Watkins, B AF Augustine, Lauren Watkins, Barbara TI Age, fertility and reproductive behavior in cuban crocodiles, Crocodylus rhombifer, at the smithsonian's national zoological park SO ZOO BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN CROCODILE; NESTING ECOLOGY; ALLIGATOR-MISSISSIPPIENSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; TEMPERATURE; REPTILES; BIOLOGY; SUCCESS; BELIZE AB The Smithsonian's National Zoological Park (NZP) has a long history with Cuban crocodiles, Crocodylus rhombifer, beginning in 1900's when the first animals arrived at the NZP. Today, the Zoo has two breeding groups of C. rhombifer and has observed and analyzed reproductive behavior and fertility rates over the last three years. Fertility rates were determined initially by observing the formation of an opaque band that forms on the shell of a fertile egg, called banding. The fertility rates by banding were later compared to the observation made after opening the eggs to verify fertility. In addition to tracking fertility, nesting and agonistic behavior were also observed. Several notable observations were documented over the same period. These included a male predating a nesting female's eggs, increased aggression between two females housed together, the continued development of a partially banded egg, and the discovery of 19 additional egg shells post oviposition by both females in the enclosure. Here we discuss the nest phenology, fertility and behavior of the five exhibited C. rhombifer at the Smithsonian's National Zoological Park over a 3-year period. Zoo Biol. 34:278-284, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals Inc. C1 [Augustine, Lauren; Watkins, Barbara] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Augustine, L (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM Augustinel@si.edu NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0733-3188 EI 1098-2361 J9 ZOO BIOL JI Zoo Biol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 34 IS 3 BP 278 EP 284 DI 10.1002/zoo.21204 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA CK0FF UT WOS:000355880200011 PM 25716550 ER PT J AU Bykov, AM Churazov, EM Ferrari, C Forman, WR Kaastra, JS Klein, U Markevitch, M de Plaa, J AF Bykov, A. M. Churazov, E. M. Ferrari, C. Forman, W. R. Kaastra, J. S. Klein, U. Markevitch, M. de Plaa, J. TI Structures and Components in Galaxy Clusters: Observations and Models SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Clusters of galaxies; Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; Radio continuum; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; X-RAY-LINES; MAGNETIC-FIELD AMPLIFICATION; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; MASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; COOLING FLOWS; PERSEUS CLUSTER; RESONANT SCATTERING; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES AB Clusters of galaxies are the largest gravitationally bounded structures in the Universe dominated by dark matter. We review the observational appearance and physical models of plasma structures in clusters of galaxies. Bubbles of relativistic plasma which are inflated by supermassive black holes of AGNs, cooling and heating of the gas, large scale plasma shocks, cold fronts, non-thermal halos and relics are observed in clusters. These constituents are reflecting both the formation history and the dynamical properties of clusters of galaxies. We discuss X-ray spectroscopy as a tool to study the metal enrichment in clusters and fine spectroscopy of Fe X-ray lines as a powerful diagnostics of both the turbulent plasma motions and the energetics of the non-thermal electron populations. The knowledge of the complex dynamical and feedback processes is necessary to understand the energy and matter balance as well as to constrain the role of the non-thermal components of clusters. C1 [Bykov, A. M.] AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Bykov, A. M.] St Petersburg State Politecn Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. [Bykov, A. M.] Int Space Sci Inst, Bern, Switzerland. [Churazov, E. M.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Churazov, E. M.] Space Res Inst IKI, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Ferrari, C.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab Lagrange, Observ Cote Azur, CNRS,UMR7293, F-06300 Nice, France. [Forman, W. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kaastra, J. S.; de Plaa, J.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Klein, U.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Bonn, Germany. [Markevitch, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Bykov, AM (reprint author), AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. EM byk@astro.ioffe.ru; churazov@mpa-garching.mpg.de; chiara.ferrari@oca.eu; forman@cfa.harvard.edu; j.kaastra@sron.nl; uklein@astro.uni-bonn.de; maxim.markevitch@nasa.gov; J.de.Plaa@sron.nl RI Bykov, Andrei/E-3131-2014; Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013; OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU NASA [NASA-03060]; Chandra HRC project; Chandra archive grant [AR1-12007X]; NASA observing grant [GO2-13005X]; NWO (the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research) FX We would like to thank the referee for useful comments and the ISSI staff for providing an inspiring atmosphere favorable for intense discussions. We thank Hiroki Akamatsu for providing us with Fig. 21 before publication. W. Forman acknowledges support from NASA contract NASA-03060 that funds the Chandra HRC project, the Chandra archive grant AR1-12007X, and the NASA observing grant GO2-13005X. SRON is financially supported by NWO (the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research). NR 202 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-6308 EI 1572-9672 J9 SPACE SCI REV JI Space Sci. Rev. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 188 IS 1-4 BP 141 EP 185 DI 10.1007/s11214-014-0129-4 PG 45 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ0FO UT WOS:000355151400005 ER PT J AU Slane, P Bykov, A Ellison, DC Dubner, G Castro, D AF Slane, Patrick Bykov, Andrei Ellison, Donald C. Dubner, Gloria Castro, Daniel TI Supernova Remnants Interacting with Molecular Clouds: X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Signatures SO SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Supernova remnants; Molecular clouds; X-rays; Gamma-rays ID MHZ MASER EMISSION; BROAD-BAND EMISSION; FORMED DENSE SHELL; IC 443; COSMIC-RAYS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; RX J1713.7-3946; POLARIZATION OBSERVATIONS; ACCELERATED PARTICLES AB The giant molecular clouds (MCs) found in the Milky Way and similar galaxies play a crucial role in the evolution of these systems. The supernova explosions that mark the death of massive stars in these regions often lead to interactions between the supernova remnants (SNRs) and the clouds. These interactions have a profound effect on our understanding of SNRs. Shocks in SNRs should be capable of accelerating particles to cosmic ray (CR) energies with efficiencies high enough to power Galactic CRs. X-ray and gamma-ray studies have established the presence of relativistic electrons and protons in some SNRs and provided strong evidence for diffusive shock acceleration as the primary acceleration mechanism, including strongly amplified magnetic fields, temperature and ionization effects on the shock-heated plasmas, and modifications to the dynamical evolution of some systems. Because protons dominate the overall energetics of the CRs, it is crucial to understand this hadronic component even though electrons are much more efficient radiators and it can be difficult to identify the hadronic component. However, near MCs the densities are sufficiently high to allow the gamma-ray emission to be dominated by protons. Thus, these interaction sites provide some of our best opportunities to constrain the overall energetics of these particle accelerators. Here we summarize some key properties of interactions between SNRs and MCs, with an emphasis on recent X-ray and gamma-ray studies that are providing important constraints on our understanding of cosmic rays in our Galaxy. C1 [Slane, Patrick] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bykov, Andrei] Ioffe Inst Phys & Technol, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Bykov, Andrei] St Petersburg State Polytech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. [Ellison, Donald C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Dubner, Gloria] UBA CONICET, IAFE, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Castro, Daniel] MIT Kavli Ctr Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Slane, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM slane@cfa.harvard.edu; byk@astro.ioffe.ru; don_ellison@ncsu.edu; gdubner@iafe.uba.ar; castro@mit.edu RI Bykov, Andrei/E-3131-2014 FU NASA [NAS8-03060]; RAS Presidium 21 program; OFN 15 program FX The authors would like to thank Tom Dame and Herman Lee for important discussions contributing to this paper. We also thank ISSI and its staff for supporting this effort and for creating a stimulating environment for the meeting at which this work was initiated. POS acknowledges support from NASA Contract NAS8-03060. AMB was supported in part by RAS Presidium 21 and OFN 15 programs. NR 127 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-6308 EI 1572-9672 J9 SPACE SCI REV JI Space Sci. Rev. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 188 IS 1-4 BP 187 EP 210 DI 10.1007/s11214-014-0062-6 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CJ0FO UT WOS:000355151400006 ER PT J AU Brassington, NJ Zezas, A Ashby, MLN Lanz, L Smith, HA Willner, SP Klein, C AF Brassington, N. J. Zezas, A. Ashby, M. L. N. Lanz, L. Smith, Howard. A. Willner, S. P. Klein, C. TI THE SPITZER INTERACTING GALAXIES SURVEY: A MID-INFRARED ATLAS OF STAR FORMATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: interactions; stars: formation ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS; SWIRE-FIELD GALAXIES; FORMATION RATES; INFRARED GALAXIES; NEARBY GALAXIES; PECULIAR GALAXIES; SPACE-TELESCOPE; SPIRAL GALAXIES AB The Spitzer Interacting Galaxies Survey is a sample of 103 nearby galaxies in 48 systems, selected using association likelihoods and therefore free from disturbed morphology biases. All galaxies have been observed with Infrared Array Camera and MIPS 24 mu m bands from the Spitzer Space Telescope. This catalog presents the global flux densities and colors of all systems and correlations between the interacting systems and their specific star formation rate (sSFR). This sample contains a wide variety of galaxy interactions with systems ranging in mass, mass ratios, and gas-content as well as interaction strength. This study seeks to identify the process of triggering star formation in galaxy interactions, therefore, we focus on the non-active galactic nucleus spiral galaxies only. From this subset of 70 spiral galaxies we have determined that this sample has enhanced sSFR compared to a sample of non-interacting field galaxies. Through optical data we have classified each system by "interaction strength"; the strongly interacting (Stage 4) galaxies have higher sSFR values than the weakly (Stage 2) and moderately (Stage 3) interacting systems. However, the Stage 2 and 3 systems have statistically identical sSFR properties, despite the lack of optical interaction signatures exhibited by the Stage 2 galaxies. We suggest that the similarity of sSFR in these stages could be a consequence of some of these Stage 2 systems actually being post-perigalactic and having had sufficient time for their tidal features to fade to undetectable levels. This interpretation is consistent with the correlation of sSFR with separation, which we have determined to have little variation up to 100 kpc. C1 [Brassington, N. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Zezas, A.; Ashby, M. L. N.; Lanz, L.; Smith, Howard. A.; Willner, S. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, A.] Fdn Res & Technol, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Lanz, L.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Klein, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Brassington, NJ (reprint author), Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. EM n.brassington@herts.ac.uk RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Lanz, Lauranne/0000-0002-3249-8224 FU NASA [NNX10AD68G]; NASA JPL RSA [1369566, 717352] FX We would like to thank the referee for useful comments which have improved our paper. This work makes use of observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. This work is based in part on the IRAC post-BCD processing software "IRACproc" developed by Mike Schuster, Massimo Marengo, and Brian Patten at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. We acknowledge support in part from NASA grant NNX10AD68G, NASA JPL RSA 1369566, and NASA JPL RSA 717352. N.J.B. would like to thank the physics department at the University of Crete and IESL Foundation for Research and Technology for their hospitality during part of this work. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 218 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/218/1/6 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8DN UT WOS:000354999200006 ER PT J AU Kim, J Lee, JE Choi, M Bourke, TL Evans, NJ Di Francesco, J Cieza, LA Dunham, MM Kang, M AF Kim, Jungha Lee, Jeong-Eun Choi, Minho Bourke, Tyler L. Evans, Neal J., II Di Francesco, James Cieza, Lucas A. Dunham, Michael M. Kang, Miju TI INFRARED AND RADIO OBSERVATIONS OF A SMALL GROUP OF PROTOSTELLAR OBJECTS IN THE MOLECULAR CORE, L1251-C SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (L1251-C); ISM: jets and outflows; stars: formation; stars: protostars ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; NEARBY DENSE CORES; SPITZER C2D SURVEY; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; STAR-FORMATION; SPACE-TELESCOPE; EMBEDDED SOURCE; WATER MASERS; SMALL CLOUDS AB We present a multi-wavelength observational study of a low-mass star-forming region, L1251-C, with observational results at wavelengths from the near-infrared to the millimeter. Spitzer Space Telescope observations confirmed that IRAS 22343+7501 is a small group of protostellar objects. The extended emission in the east-west direction with its intensity peak at the center of L1251A has been detected at 350 and 850 mu m with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory and James Clerk Maxwell telescopes, tracing dense envelope material around L1251A. The single-dish data from the Korean VLBI Network and TRAO telescopes show inconsistencies between the intensity peaks of several molecular emission lines and that of the continuum emission, suggesting complex distributions of molecular abundances around L1251A. The Submillimeter Array interferometer data, however, show intensity peaks of CO 2-1 and (CO)-C-13 2-1 located at the position of IRS 1, which is both the brightest source in the Infrared Array Camera image and the weakest source in the 1.3 mm dust-continuum map. IRS 1 is the strongest candidate for the driving source of the newly detected compact CO 2-1 outflow. Over the entire region (14' x 14') of L125l-C, 3 Class I and 16 Class II sources have been detected, including three young stellar objects (YSOs) in L1251A. A comparison between the average projected distance among the 19 YSOs in L1251-C and that among the 3 YSOs in L1251A suggests that L1251-C is an example of low-mass cluster formation where protostellar objects form in a small group. C1 [Kim, Jungha; Lee, Jeong-Eun] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Choi, Minho; Kang, Miju] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon 305348, South Korea. [Bourke, Tyler L.] Jodrell Bank Observ, Sq Kilometre Array Org, Lower Withington SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. [Lee, Jeong-Eun; Evans, Neal J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Di Francesco, James] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Cieza, Lucas A.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Santiago, Chile. [Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education of the Korean government [NRF-2012R1A1A2044689]; BK21 plus program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) - Ministry of Education of Korea; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) grant - Korea government (MEST); National Science Foundation [0708158]; NASA [NNX13AE54G, 1224608, 1230782, 1407] FX Support for this work, part of the Spitzer Legacy Science Program, was provided by NASA through contracts 1224608 and 1230782 issued by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under NASA contract 1407. This research was also supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education of the Korean government (grant No. NRF-2012R1A1A2044689). J.-E.L. is very grateful to the department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin for the hospitality provided to her from 2013 August to 2014 July. This work was supported by the BK21 plus program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education of Korea. This work was also supported by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST). This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 0708158, and by NASA under grant No. NNX13AE54G (T.L.B.). NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 218 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/218/1/5 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8DN UT WOS:000354999200005 ER PT J AU Merello, M Evans, NJ Shirley, YL Rosolowsky, E Ginsburg, A Bally, J Battersby, C Dunham, MM AF Merello, Manuel Evans, Neal J., II Shirley, Yancy L. Rosolowsky, Erik Ginsburg, Adam Bally, John Battersby, Cara Dunham, Michael M. TI THE BOLOCAM GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY. XI. TEMPERATURES AND SUBSTRUCTURE OF GALACTIC CLUMPS BASED ON 350 mu M OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; dust, extinction; Galaxy: structure; stars: formation; submillimeter: ISM; surveys ID MASSIVE STAR-FORMATION; DUST CONTINUUM SOURCES; SOUTH MOLECULAR CLOUD; INFRARED DARK CLOUDS; FORMING REGIONS; OUTER GALAXY; HI-GAL; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; DATA REDUCTION; SHARC-II AB We present 107 maps of continuum emission at 350 mu m from Galactic molecular clumps. Observed sources were mainly selected from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) catalog, with three additional maps covering star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy. The higher resolution of the SHARC-II images (8."5 beam) compared with the 1.1 mm images from BGPS (33"beam) allowed us to identify a large population of smaller substructures within the clumps. A catalog is presented for the 1386 sources extracted from the 350 mu m maps. The color temperature distribution of clumps based on the two wavelengths has a median of 13.3 K and mean of 16.3 +/- 0.4 K, assuming an opacity law index of 1.7. For the structures with good determination of color temperatures, the mean ratio of gas temperature, determined from NH3 observations, to dust color temperature is 0.88 and the median ratio is 0.76. About half the clumps have more than 2 substructures and 22 clumps have more than 10. The fraction of the mass in dense substructures seen at 350 mu m compared to the mass of their parental clump is similar to 0.19, and the surface densities of these substructures are, on average, 2.2 times those seen in the clumps identified at 1.1 mm. For a well-characterized sample, 88 structures (31%) exceed a surface density of 0.2 g cm(-2), and 18 (6%) exceed 1.0 g cm(-2), thresholds for massive star formation suggested by theorists. C1 [Merello, Manuel; Evans, Neal J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Merello, Manuel] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali INAF, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Shirley, Yancy L.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Rosolowsky, Erik] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Ginsburg, Adam] European So Observ, ESO Headquarters, D-95748 Garching, Germany. [Bally, John] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Battersby, Cara; Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Merello, M (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM manuel@astro.as.utexas.edu FU National Science Foundation through NSF grant [AST-0708403]; NRAO; NSF [AST-9980846, AST-0206158, AST-1109116]; Fulbright Fellowship; ASI, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana [I/038/080/0, I/029/12/0]; national funding agency: CSA (Canada); national funding agency: NAOC (China); national funding agency: CEA (France); national funding agency: ASI (Italy); national funding agency: MCINN (Spain); national funding agency: Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); national funding agency: STFC (UK); national funding agency: NASA (USA); national funding agency: CNES (France); national funding agency: CNRS (France) FX We thank the anonymous referee for the helpful comments and suggestions that improve the clarity of this article. We would like to thank all the people involved in obtaining our observations including D. Dowell, students and researchers from the University of Texas, and staff from CSO. The BGPS project was supported in part by the National Science Foundation through NSF grant AST-0708403. The first observing runs for BGPS were supported by travel funds provided by NRAO. Support for the development of Bolocam was provided by NSF grants AST-9980846 and AST-0206158. N.J.E. and M.M. were supported by NSF grant AST-1109116. MM was also supported by a Fulbright Fellowship. This material is based upon work at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-0838261). Herschel Hi-GAL data processing, maps production and source catalogue generation from the Hi-GAL Team have been possible thanks to Contracts I/038/080/0 and I/029/12/0 from ASI, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. Herschel in an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. SPIRE has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by Cardiff Univ. (UK) and including Univ. Lethbridge (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, LAM (France); IAPS, Univ. Padua (Italy); IAC (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); Imperial College London, RAL, UCL-MSSL, UKATC, Univ. Sussex (UK); Caltech, JPL, NHSC, Univ. Colorado (USA). This development has been supported by national funding agencies: CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, CNES, CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); STFC (UK); and NASA (USA). NR 72 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 218 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/218/1 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8DN UT WOS:000354999200001 ER PT J AU Williams, BF Wold, B Haberl, F Garofali, K Blair, WP Gaetz, TJ Kuntz, KD Long, KS Pannuti, TG Pietsch, W Plucinsky, PP Winkler, PF AF Williams, Benjamin F. Wold, Brian Haberl, Frank Garofali, Kristen Blair, William P. Gaetz, Terrance J. Kuntz, K. D. Long, Knox S. Pannuti, Thomas G. Pietsch, Wolfgang Plucinsky, Paul P. Winkler, P. Frank TI A DEEP XMM-NEWTON SURVEY OF M33: POINT-SOURCE CATALOG, SOURCE DETECTION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OVERLAPPING FIELDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (M33); X-rays: binaries; X-rays: stars ID CHANDRA ACIS SURVEY; X-RAY SOURCES; PHOTON IMAGING CAMERA; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; BINARY POPULATION; GALAXY M33; CHASEM33; VARIABILITY; EMISSION; SPECTRA AB We have obtained a deep 8 field XMM-Newton mosaic of M33 covering the galaxy out to the D-25 isophote and beyond to a limiting 0.2-4.5 keV unabsorbed flux of 5 x 10(-16) erg cm(-2) s(-1) (L > 4 x 10(34) erg s(-1) at the distance of M33). These data allow complete coverage of the galaxy with high sensitivity to soft sources such as diffuse hot gas and supernova remnants (SNRs). Here, we describe the methods we used to identify and characterize 1296 point sources in the 8 fields. We compare our resulting source catalog to the literature, note variable sources, construct hardness ratios, classify soft sources, analyze the source density profile, and measure the X-ray luminosity function (XLF). As a result of the large effective area of XMM-Newton below 1 keV, the survey contains many new soft X-ray sources. The radial source density profile and XLF for the sources suggest that only similar to 15% of the 391 bright sources with L > 3.6 x 10(35) erg s(-1) are likely to be associated with M33, and more than a third of these are known SNRs. The log(N)-log(S) distribution, when corrected for background contamination, is a relatively flat power law with a differential index of 1.5, which suggests that many of the other M33 sources may be high-mass X-ray binaries. Finally, we note the discovery of an interesting new transient X-ray source, which we are unable to classify. C1 [Williams, Benjamin F.; Wold, Brian; Garofali, Kristen] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Haberl, Frank; Pietsch, Wolfgang] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Blair, William P.; Kuntz, K. D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Gaetz, Terrance J.; Plucinsky, Paul P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Long, Knox S.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Pannuti, Thomas G.] Morehead State Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Ctr Space Sci, Morehead, KY 40351 USA. [Winkler, P. Frank] Middlebury Coll, Dept Phys, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. RP Williams, BF (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM ben@astro.washington.edu; fwh@mpe.mpg.de; kgarofali@gmail.com; wpb@pha.jhu.edu; gaetz@head.cfa.harvard.edu; kuntz@pha.jhu.edu; long@stsci.edu; t.pannuti@moreheadstate.edu; wnp@mpe.mpg.de; plucinsk@head.cfa.harvard.edu; winkler@middlebury.edu OI Haberl, Frank/0000-0002-0107-5237 FU NASA [NNX12AD42G, NNX12AI52G, NAS8-03060]; Chandra X-ray Center FX Support for this work was provided by NASA grants NNX12AD42G and NNX12AI52G. T.J.G. and P.P.P. acknowledge support under NASA contract NAS8-03060 with the Chandra X-ray Center. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 218 IS 1 AR 9 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/218/1/9 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CI8DN UT WOS:000354999200009 ER PT J AU Levin, LA Breitburg, DL AF Levin, Lisa A. Breitburg, Denise L. TI Linking coasts and seas to address ocean deoxygenation SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HYPOXIA; CONSEQUENCES; ECOSYSTEMS AB Accelerated oxygen loss in both coastal and open oceans is generating complex biological responses; future understanding and management will require holistic integration of currently fragmented oxygen observation and research programmes. C1 [Levin, Lisa A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Breitburg, Denise L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Levin, LA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM llevin@ucsd.edu FU NSF [EAR-1234095, OCE-0927445, 1041062, OISE-1204866]; University of California Irvine; NOAA [NA10OAR4170060-R/CC-04]; NOAA-CSCOR [NA10NOS4780138, NA09NOS4780214] FX We acknowledge support for our deoxygenation research from NSF EAR-1234095, OCE-0927445 & 1041062, OISE-1204866 (sub-award from University of California Irvine) and NOAA award NA10OAR4170060-R/CC-04 to L.A.L., and NOAA-CSCOR awards NA10NOS4780138 and NA09NOS4780214 to D.L.B. We thank K. Gedan and L. Bopp for providing materials for figure production. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 5 IS 5 BP 401 EP 403 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CI6SO UT WOS:000354891900011 ER PT J AU Reudink, MW McKellar, AE Marini, KLD McArthur, SL Marra, PP Ratcliffe, LM AF Reudink, Matthew W. McKellar, Ann E. Marini, Kristen L. D. McArthur, Sarah L. Marra, Peter P. Ratcliffe, Laurene M. TI Inter-annual variation in American redstart (Setophaga ruticilla) plumage colour is associated with rainfall and temperature during moult: an 11-year study SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Plumage; Carotenoid; Climate; Long-term; Moult; Colour change ID SEXUAL SELECTION; MIGRATORY BIRD; CAROTENOID CONTENT; MIGRANT SONGBIRD; FEMALE PLUMAGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FEATHER COLOR; EXPRESSION; SEASON; ORNAMENTATION AB Carotenoid-based colouration plays an important role in sexual signaling in animals as an honest indicator of individual quality during mate choice and competitive interactions. However, few studies have examined how natural variation in weather conditions influences inter-annual variation in the expression of ornamentation, potentially through affecting the dietary availability of carotenoids. In this study, we examine variation in the expression of carotenoid-based plumage colouration in relation to temperature and rainfall during the pre-moulting and moulting period over 11 years in a population of American redstarts, Setophaga ruticilla, breeding in eastern Canada. We used reflectance spectrometry of tail feathers collected from male and female redstarts to relate feather colour with weather conditions the previous breeding season during the months over which redstarts are likely to moult (June-September). At a population level, birds expressed feathers with higher red chroma and lower brightness in years following high July rainfall and low August temperature. The pattern was stronger in males, but was generally consistent across ages and sexes. Analyses of feathers from repeatedly captured birds indicated that the above patterns could be explained by individual change in feather colour. We suggest that higher rainfall during the moulting period may increase insect abundance and the availability of dietary carotenoids. This is among the first studies to show effects of weather conditions on a sexual signalling trait, which may have important consequences for sexual selection, mate choice, and the reliability of putative signals. C1 [Reudink, Matthew W.; Marini, Kristen L. D.; McArthur, Sarah L.] Thompson Rivers Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kamloops, BC, Canada. [McKellar, Ann E.] Environm Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Ratcliffe, Laurene M.] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Reudink, MW (reprint author), Thompson Rivers Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kamloops, BC, Canada. EM mreudink@tru.ca FU National Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We thank would like to thank the many field assistants, technicians, and students that worked on this population over the years. We also thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions. Funding for this project was provided by the National Science Foundation (P.P.M) and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grants to L.M.R. and M.W.R. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD MAY PY 2015 VL 178 IS 1 BP 161 EP 173 DI 10.1007/s00442-014-3167-4 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI4MY UT WOS:000354725200014 PM 25433695 ER PT J AU Coats, DW Lynn, DH AF Coats, D. Wayne Lynn, Denis H. TI Obituary: John O. Corliss, February 23, 1922-December 21, 2014 SO PROTIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID CILIATED PROTOZOA; REVISED CLASSIFICATION; PHYLUM CILIOPHORA; PROTISTS; BIODIVERSITY; BIOSPHERE C1 [Coats, D. Wayne] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Lynn, Denis H.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Coats, DW (reprint author), 318 Bayard Rd, Lothian, MD 20711 USA. EM coatsw1@gmail.com RI Lynn, Denis/F-4939-2010 OI Lynn, Denis/0000-0002-1554-7792 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1434-4610 J9 PROTIST JI Protist PD MAY PY 2015 VL 166 IS 2 BP 173 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.protis.2015.02.001 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CI8JJ UT WOS:000355018300001 PM 25768268 ER PT J AU Bogdan, A Vogelsberger, M Kraft, RP Hernquist, L Gilfanov, M Torrey, P Churazov, E Genel, S Forman, WR Murray, SS Vikhlinin, A Jones, C Bohringer, H AF Bogdan, Akos Vogelsberger, Mark Kraft, Ralph P. Hernquist, Lars Gilfanov, Marat Torrey, Paul Churazov, Eugene Genel, Shy Forman, William R. Murray, Stephen S. Vikhlinin, Alexey Jones, Christine Boehringer, Hans TI HOT GASEOUS CORONAE AROUND SPIRAL GALAXIES: PROBING THE ILLUSTRIS SIMULATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: theory; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: spiral; X-rays: galaxies; X-rays: general; X-rays: ISM ID X-RAY-EMISSION; INCLINED DISC GALAXIES; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; HYDRODYNAMICAL SIMULATIONS; FORMATION PHYSICS; CHANDRA SURVEY; MOVING MESH; GAS; HALOS; LUMINOSITY AB The presence of hot gaseous coronae around present-day massive spiral galaxies is a fundamental prediction of galaxy formation models. However, our observational knowledge remains scarce, since to date only four gaseous coronae have been detected around spirals with massive stellar bodies (greater than or similar to 2 x 10(11) M-circle dot). To explore the hot coronae around lower mass spiral galaxies, we utilized Chandra X-ray observations of a sample of eight normal spiral galaxies with stellar masses of (0.7 - 2.0) x 10(11) M-circle dot. Although statistically significant diffuse X-ray emission is not detected beyond the optical radii (similar to 20 kpc) of the galaxies, we derive 3 sigma limits on the characteristics of the coronae. These limits, complemented with previous detections of NGC 1961 and NGC 6753, are used to probe the Illustris Simulation. The observed 3 sigma upper limits on the X-ray luminosities and gas masses exceed or are at the upper end of the model predictions. For NGC 1961 and NGC 6753 the observed gas temperatures, metal abundances, and electron density profiles broadly agree with those predicted by Illustris. These results hint that the physics modules of Illustris are broadly consistent with the observed properties of hot coronae around spiral galaxies. However, one shortcoming of Illustris is that massive black holes, mostly residing in giant ellipticals, give rise to powerful radio-mode active galactic nucleus feedback, which results in under-luminous coronae for ellipticals. C1 [Bogdan, Akos; Kraft, Ralph P.; Hernquist, Lars; Genel, Shy; Forman, William R.; Murray, Stephen S.; Vikhlinin, Alexey; Jones, Christine] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark; Torrey, Paul] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gilfanov, Marat; Churazov, Eugene] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Gilfanov, Marat; Churazov, Eugene] Russian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Murray, Stephen S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Boehringer, Hans] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Bogdan, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM abogdan@cfa.harvard.edu RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013; OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU NASA - CXC [NAS8-03060]; NASA [NNX12AC67G]; Smithsonian Institution; NSF [AST-1312095] FX We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. We thank Volker Springel, Debora Sijacki, and Dylan Nelson for helpful discussions. This research made use of software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center in the application packages CIAO. This work made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. We acknowledge the use of the HyperLeda database (http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr). A.B. acknowledges support provided by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded by the CXC, which is operated by the SAO for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. W.F. and C.J. acknowledge support from the Smithsonian Institution. L.H. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 72 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/72 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500072 ER PT J AU Brown, WR Anderson, J Gnedin, OY Bond, HE Geller, MJ Kenyon, SJ AF Brown, Warren R. Anderson, Jay Gnedin, Oleg Y. Bond, Howard E. Geller, Margaret J. Kenyon, Scott J. TI PROPER MOTIONS AND TRAJECTORIES FOR 16 EXTREME RUNAWAY AND HYPERVELOCITY STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: halo; Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Magellanic Clouds; stars: early-type; stars: kinematics and dynamics ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; DYNAMICALLY EJECTED RUNAWAY; MILKY-WAY; GALACTIC HALO; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; IA SUPERNOVAE; BRANCH STARS; BLACK-HOLE; ORIGIN; MASS AB We measure proper motions with the Hubble Space Telescope for 16 extreme radial velocity stars, mostly unbound B stars in the Milky Way halo. Twelve of these stars have proper motions statistically consistent with zero, and thus have radial trajectories statistically consistent with a Galactic center "hypervelocity star" origin. The trajectory of HE 0437-5439 is consistent with both Milky Way and Large Magellanic Cloud origins. A Galactic center origin is excluded at 3 sigma confidence for two of the lowest radial velocity stars in our sample, however. These two stars are probable disk runaways and provide evidence for similar to 500 km s(-1) ejections from the disk. We also measure a significant proper motion for the unbound sdO star US 708. Its 1000 km s(-1) motion is in some tension with proposed supernova ejection models, but can be explained if US 708 was ejected from the stellar halo. In the future, we expect Gaia will better constrain the origin of these remarkable unbound stars. C1 [Brown, Warren R.; Geller, Margaret J.; Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anderson, Jay; Bond, Howard E.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Gnedin, Oleg Y.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bond, Howard E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Brown, WR (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM wbrown@cfa.harvard.edu OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X; Gnedin, Oleg/0000-0001-9852-9954 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Dept. of Energy; NASA from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-11589, GO-12503]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; Smithsonian Institution FX We thank the referee for constructive scientific comments. This research makes use of SAO/NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This research makes use of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, which is funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, and the U.S. Dept. of Energy. H.E.B. acknowledges support by NASA through grants GO-11589 and GO-12503 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. This work was supported in part by the Smithsonian Institution. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 49 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/49 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500049 ER PT J AU Desert, JM Charbonneau, D Torres, G Fressin, F Ballard, S Bryson, ST Knutson, HA Batalha, NM Borucki, WJ Brown, TM Deming, D Ford, EB Fortney, JJ Gilliland, RL Latham, DW Seager, S AF Desert, Jean-Michel Charbonneau, David Torres, Guillermo Fressin, Francois Ballard, Sarah Bryson, Stephen T. Knutson, Heather A. Batalha, Natalie M. Borucki, William J. Brown, Timothy M. Deming, Drake Ford, Eric B. Fortney, Jonathan J. Gilliland, Ronald L. Latham, David W. Seager, Sara TI LOW FALSE POSITIVE RATE OF KEPLER CANDIDATES ESTIMATED FROM A COMBINATION OF SPITZER AND FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; eclipses; planetary systems; planets and satellites: detection; techniques: polarimetric ID TRANSIT TIMING VARIATIONS; SUN-LIKE STAR; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; MULTIPLE-PLANET SYSTEMS; EXOPLANET HD 189733B; CIRCLE-PLUS PLANET; HABITABLE-ZONE; SPACE-TELESCOPE; ECLIPSING BINARIES; EXTRASOLAR PLANET AB NASA's Kepler mission has provided several thousand transiting planet candidates during the 4 yr of its nominal mission, yet only a small subset of these candidates have been confirmed as true planets. Therefore, the most fundamental question about these candidates is the fraction of bona fide planets. Estimating the rate of false positives of the overall Kepler sample is necessary to derive the planet occurrence rate. We present the results from two large observational campaigns that were conducted with the Spitzer Space Telescope during the the Kepler mission. These observations are dedicated to estimating the false positive rate (FPR) among the Kepler candidates. We select a sub-sample of 51 candidates, spanning wide ranges in stellar, orbital, and planetary parameter space, and we observe their transits with Spitzer at 4.5 mu m. We use these observations to measures the candidate's transit depths and infrared magnitudes. An authentic planet produces an achromatic transit depth (neglecting the modest effect of limb darkening). Conversely a bandpass-dependent depth alerts us to the potential presence of a blending star that could be the source of the observed eclipse: a false positive scenario. For most of the candidates (85%), the transit depths measured with Kepler are consistent with the transit depths measured with Spitzer as expected for planetary objects, while we find that the most discrepant measurements are due to the presence of unresolved stars that dilute the photometry. The Spitzer constraints on their own yield FPRs between 5% and depending on the Kepler Objects of Interest. By considering the population of the Kepler field stars, and by combining follow-up observations (imaging) when available, we find that the overall FPR of our sample is low. The measured upper limit on the FPR of our sample is 8.8% at a confidence level of 3 sigma. This observational result, which uses the achromatic property of planetary transit signals that is not investigated by the Kepler observations, provides an independent indication that Kepler's FPR is low. C1 [Desert, Jean-Michel; Brown, Timothy M.] Univ Colorado, CASA, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Desert, Jean-Michel; Knutson, Heather A.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Charbonneau, David; Torres, Guillermo; Fressin, Francois; Ballard, Sarah; Latham, David W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ballard, Sarah] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bryson, Stephen T.; Borucki, William J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Batalha, Natalie M.] San Jose State Univ, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Brown, Timothy M.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Deming, Drake] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ford, Eric B.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ford, Eric B.; Gilliland, Ronald L.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fortney, Jonathan J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Seager, Sara] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02159 USA. RP Desert, JM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CASA, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 389-UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM desert@colorado.edu OI /0000-0001-6545-639X FU NASA's Science Mission Directorate; NASA; NASA Kepler Mission Participating Scientist Program [NNX09AB53G, NNX12AC77G, NNX12AC75G, NNX14AB83G]; John Templeton Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We thank the anonymous reviewer for the careful reading of our manuscript and the valuable comments. This work is based on observations made with Kepler, which was competitively selected as the 10th Discovery mission. Funding for this mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. The authors would like to thank the many people who generously gave so much of their time to make this mission a success. This work is also based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. D.C. acknowledges support for this work from grants NNX09AB53G and NNX12AC77G, and G.T. acknowledges support from grants NNX12AC75G and NNX14AB83G, each from the NASA Kepler Mission Participating Scientist Program. D.C. acknowledges the support of a grant from the John Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation. We would like to thank the Spitzer staff at IPAC and in particular Nancy Silbermann for scheduling the Spitzer observations of this program. J.-M.D. and S.B. acknowledge the Sagan Exoplanet Fellowship program supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and administered by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI). We thank Samaya Nissanke for careful reading of the manuscript. NR 108 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 59 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/59 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500059 ER PT J AU Field, G AF Field, George TI THE 2014 HENRY NORRIS RUSSELL LECTURE: A CAREER IN ASTRONOMY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; RELAXATION; TURBULENCE; HYDROGEN; DYNAMO; MODEL C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Field, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500001 ER PT J AU Gezari, S Jones, DO Sanders, NE Soderberg, AM Hung, T Heinis, S Smartt, SJ Rest, A Scolnic, D Chornock, R Berger, E Foley, RJ Huber, ME Price, P Stubbs, CW Riess, AG Kirshner, RP Smith, K Wood-Vasey, WM Schiminovich, D Martin, DC Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Flewelling, H Kaiser, N Tonry, JL Wainscoat, R AF Gezari, S. Jones, D. O. Sanders, N. E. Soderberg, A. M. Hung, T. Heinis, S. Smartt, S. J. Rest, A. Scolnic, D. Chornock, R. Berger, E. Foley, R. J. Huber, M. E. Price, P. Stubbs, C. W. Riess, A. G. Kirshner, R. P. Smith, K. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Schiminovich, D. Martin, D. C. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Flewelling, H. Kaiser, N. Tonry, J. L. Wainscoat, R. TI GALEX DETECTION OF SHOCK BREAKOUT IN TYPE IIP SUPERNOVA PS1-13arp: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROGENITOR STAR WIND SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae: individual (PS1-13arp); surveys; ultraviolet: general ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; X-RAY-EMISSION; RED SUPERGIANT; MASS-LOSS; ULTRALUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE; PAN-STARRS1 DISCOVERY; CIRCUMSTELLAR WIND; P SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT CURVES AB We present the GALEX detection of a UV burst at the time of explosion of an optically normal supernova (SN) IIP (PS1-13arp) from the Pan-STARRS1 survey at z = 0.1665. The temperature and luminosity of the UV burst match the theoretical predictions for shock breakout in a red supergiant (RSG), but with a duration a factor of similar to 50 longer than expected. We compare the NUV light curve of PS1-13arp to previous GALEX detections of SNe IIP and find clear distinctions that indicate that the UV emission is powered by shock breakout, and not by the subsequent cooling envelope emission previously detected in these systems. We interpret the similar to 1 day duration of the UV signal with a shock breakout in the wind of an RSG with a pre-explosion mass-loss rate of similar to 10(-3) M-circle dot yr(-1). This mass-loss rate is enough to prolong the duration of the shock breakout signal, but not enough to produce an excess in the optical plateau light curve or narrow emission lines powered by circumstellar interaction. This detection of nonstandard, potentially episodic high mass loss in an RSG SN progenitor has favorable consequences for the prospects of future wide-field UV surveys to detect shock breakout directly in these systems, and provide a sensitive probe of the pre-explosion conditions of SN progenitors. C1 [Gezari, S.; Hung, T.; Heinis, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jones, D. O.; Riess, A. G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Sanders, N. E.; Soderberg, A. M.; Berger, E.; Stubbs, C. W.; Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Smartt, S. J.; Smith, K.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Scolnic, D.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chornock, R.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Huber, M. E.; Chambers, K. C.; Flewelling, H.; Kaiser, N.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Price, P.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Stubbs, C. W.; Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr, Pittsburgh Particle Phys, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Schiminovich, D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Martin, D. C.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Burgett, W. S.] GMTO Corp, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. RP Gezari, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, Stadium Dr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM suvi@astro.umd.edu RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056 FU program for the TOO program [GN-2013A-Q-32]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877] FX S.G. thanks the Gemini Deputy Director for approving a change of program for the TOO program GN-2013A-Q-32 to observe PS1-13arp. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE). NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 28 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/28 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500028 ER PT J AU Jeong, J Park, H Han, C Gould, A Udalski, A Szymanski, MK Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Poleski, R Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Abe, F Bennett, DP Bond, IA Botzler, CS Freeman, M Fukui, A Fukunaga, D Itow, Y Koshimoto, N Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Muraki, Y Namba, S Ohnishi, K Rattenbury, NJ Saito, T Sullivan, DJ Sweatman, WL Sumi, T Suzuki, D Tristram, PJ Tsurumi, N Wada, K Yamai, N Yock, PCM Yonehara, A Albrow, MD Batista, V Beaulieu, JP Caldwell, JAR Cassan, A Cole, A Coutures, C Dieters, S Dominik, M Prester, DD Donatowicz, J Fouque, P Greenhill, J Hoffman, M Huber, M Jorgensen, UG Kane, SR Kubas, D Martin, R Marquette, JB Menzies, J Pitrou, C Pollard, K Sahu, KC Vinter, C Wambsganss, J Williams, A Allen, W Bolt, G Choi, JY Christie, GW DePoy, DL Drummond, J Gaudi, BS Hwang, KH Jung, YK Lee, CU Mallia, F Maoz, D Maury, A McCormick, J Monard, LAG Moorhouse, D Natusch, T Ofek, EO Park, BG Pogge, RW Santallo, R Shin, IG Thornley, G Yee, JC Bramich, DM Burgdorf, M Horne, K Hundertmark, M Kains, N Snodgrass, C Steele, I Street, R Tsapras, Y AF Jeong, J. Park, H. Han, C. Gould, A. Udalski, A. Szymanski, M. K. Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. Poleski, R. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Abe, F. Bennett, D. P. Bond, I. A. Botzler, C. S. Freeman, M. Fukui, A. Fukunaga, D. Itow, Y. Koshimoto, N. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Muraki, Y. Namba, S. Ohnishi, K. Rattenbury, N. J. Saito, To. Sullivan, D. J. Sweatman, W. L. Sumi, T. Suzuki, D. Tristram, P. J. Tsurumi, N. Wada, K. Yamai, N. Yock, P. C. M. Yonehara, A. Albrow, M. D. Batista, V. Beaulieu, J. -P. Caldwell, J. A. R. Cassan, A. Cole, A. Coutures, C. Dieters, S. Dominik, M. Prester, D. Dominis Donatowicz, J. Fouque, P. Greenhill, J. Hoffman, M. Huber, M. Jorgensen, U. G. Kane, S. R. Kubas, D. Martin, R. Marquette, J. -B. Menzies, J. Pitrou, C. Pollard, K. Sahu, K. C. Vinter, C. Wambsganss, J. Williams, A. Allen, W. Bolt, G. Choi, J. -Y. Christie, G. W. DePoy, D. L. Drummond, J. Gaudi, B. S. Hwang, K. -H. Jung, Y. K. Lee, C. -U. Mallia, F. Maoz, D. Maury, A. McCormick, J. Monard, L. A. G. Moorhouse, D. Natusch, T. Ofek, E. O. Park, B. -G. Pogge, R. W. Santallo, R. Shin, I. -G. Thornley, G. Yee, J. C. Bramich, D. M. Burgdorf, M. Horne, K. Hundertmark, M. Kains, N. Snodgrass, C. Steele, I. Street, R. Tsapras, Y. CA OGLE Collaboration MOA Collaboration PLANET Collaboration mFUN Collaboration RoboNet Collaboration TI REANALYSES OF ANOMALOUS GRAVITATIONAL MICROLENSING EVENTS IN THE OGLE-III EARLY WARNING SYSTEM DATABASE WITH COMBINED DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; gravitational lensing: micro ID BINARY LENSES; GALACTIC BULGE; EWS DATABASE; SEARCH; MASS; PERTURBATIONS; STELLAR; LIMITS; HALO AB We reanalyze microlensing events in the published list of anomalous events that were observed from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) lensing survey conducted during the 2004-2008 period. In order to check the existence of possible degenerate solutions and extract extra information, we conduct analyses based on combined data from other survey and follow-up observation and consider higher-order effects. Among the analyzed events, we present analyses of eight events for which either new solutions are identified or additional information is obtained. We find that the previous binary-source interpretations of five events are better interpreted by binary-lens models. These events include OGLE-2006-BLG-238, OGLE-2007-BLG-159, OGLE-2007-BLG-491, OGLE-2008-BLG-143, and OGLE-2008-BLG-210. With additional data covering caustic crossings, we detect finite-source effects for six events including OGLE-2006-BLG-215, OGLE-2006-BLG-238, OGLE-2006-BLG-450, OGLE-2008-BLG-143, OGLE-2008-BLG-210, and OGLE-2008-BLG-513. Among them, we are able to measure the Einstein radii of three events for which multi-band data are available. These events are OGLE-2006-BLG-238, OGLE-2008-BLG-210, and OGLE-2008-BLG-513. For OGLE-2008-BLG-143, we detect higher-order effects induced by the changes of the observer's position caused by the orbital motion of the Earth around the Sun. In addition, we present degenerate solutions resulting from the known close/wide or ecliptic degeneracy. Finally, we note that the masses of the binary companions of the lenses of OGLE-2006-BLG-450 and OGLE-2008-BLG-210 are in the brown-dwarf regime. C1 [Jeong, J.; Park, H.; Han, C.; Choi, J. -Y.; Hwang, K. -H.; Jung, Y. K.; Shin, I. -G.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Gould, A.; Poleski, R.; Batista, V.; Pogge, R. W.; Yee, J. C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Udalski, A.; Szymanski, M. K.; Pietrzynski, G.; Soszynski, I.; Poleski, R.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Abe, F.; Fukunaga, D.; Itow, Y.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Muraki, Y.; Sumi, T.; Tsurumi, N.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Bennett, D. P.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bond, I. A.; Sweatman, W. L.] Massey Univ, Inst Informat & Math Sci, North Shore Mail Ctr, Auckland, New Zealand. [Botzler, C. S.; Freeman, M.; Rattenbury, N. J.; Yock, P. C. M.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland 1001, New Zealand. [Fukui, A.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Asakuchi, Okayama 7190232, Japan. [Koshimoto, N.; Namba, S.; Suzuki, D.; Wada, K.] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Ohnishi, K.] Nagano Natl Coll Technol, Nagano 3818550, Japan. [Saito, To.; Gaudi, B. S.] Tokyo Metropolitan Coll Aeronaut, Tokyo 1168523, Japan. [Sullivan, D. J.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Tristram, P. J.] Mt John Univ Observ, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand. [Yamai, N.; Yonehara, A.] Kyoto Sangyo Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6038555, Japan. [Albrow, M. D.; Pollard, K.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. [Beaulieu, J. -P.; Cassan, A.; Coutures, C.; Dieters, S.; Kubas, D.; Marquette, J. -B.; Pitrou, C.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Caldwell, J. A. R.; Cole, A.] McDonald Observ, Ft Davis, TX 79734 USA. [Dominik, M.; Horne, K.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Prester, D. Dominis] Univ Rijeka, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Phys, Rijeka 51000, Croatia. [Donatowicz, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Comp, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Fouque, P.] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, UMR 5277, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Fouque, P.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Greenhill, J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Hoffman, M.] Univ Orange Free State, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Dept Phys, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Huber, M.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Vinter, C.; Hundertmark, M.] Niels Bohr Inst, Astron Observ, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kane, S. R.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Martin, R.; Williams, A.] Perth Observ, Perth, WA 6076, Australia. [Menzies, J.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Sahu, K. C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Wambsganss, J.] Astron Rech Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Allen, W.] Vintage Lane Observ, Blenheim, New Zealand. [Bolt, G.] Craigie Observ, Craigie, WA, Australia. [Christie, G. W.; Natusch, T.] Auckland Observ, Auckland, New Zealand. [DePoy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Drummond, J.] Possum Observ, Patutahi, Gisbourne, New Zealand. [Lee, C. -U.; Park, B. -G.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon 305348, South Korea. [Mallia, F.; Maury, A.] Campo Catino Austral Observ, San Pedro De Atacama, Chile. [Maoz, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Maoz, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Wise Observ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [McCormick, J.] Ctr Backyard Astrophys, Farm Cove Observ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Monard, L. A. G.] Klein Karoo Observ, Calitzdorp, South Africa. [Monard, L. A. G.] Bronberg Observ, Pretoria, South Africa. [Moorhouse, D.; Thornley, G.] Kumeu Observ, Kumeu, New Zealand. [Natusch, T.] AUT Univ, Inst Radiophys & Space Res, Auckland, New Zealand. [Ofek, E. O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Santallo, R.] Southern Stars Observ, Faaa, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bramich, D. M.; Kains, N.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Burgdorf, M.] Univ Hamburg, Meterol Inst, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Snodgrass, C.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Steele, I.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Street, R.; Tsapras, Y.] Las Cumbres Observ, Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Tsapras, Y.] Univ London, Sch Math Sci, Astron Unit, London E1 4NS, England. RP Han, C (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. RI Hundertmark, Markus/C-6190-2015; OI Dominik, Martin/0000-0002-3202-0343; Hundertmark, Markus/0000-0003-0961-5231; Cole, Andrew/0000-0003-0303-3855; Snodgrass, Colin/0000-0001-9328-2905 FU Creative Research Initiative Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) / ERC [246678]; JSPS [JSPS23340044, JSPS24253004]; NSF [AST 110347]; NASA [NNX12AB99G]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; [JSPS18253002]; [JSPS20340052]; [NASA-NNX12AF54G]; [JPL-RSA 1453175]; [NSF AST-1211875] FX Work by C.H. was supported by the Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of the National Research Foundation of Korea. The OGLE project has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement no. 246678 to AU. The MOA project is supported by the grants JSPS18253002 and JSPS20340052. T.S. acknowledges the financial support from the JSPS, JSPS23340044 and JSPS24253004. D.P.B. was supported by grants NASA-NNX12AF54G, JPL-RSA 1453175, and NSF AST-1211875. B.S.G. and A.G. were supported by NSF grant AST 110347. B.S.G., A.G., and R.P.G. were supported by NASA grant NNX12AB99G. Work by J.C.Y. was performed in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 38 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/38 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500038 ER PT J AU Liu, HB Galvan-Madrid, R Jimenez-Serra, I Roman-Zuniga, C Zhang, QZ Li, ZY Chen, HR AF Liu, Hauyu Baobab Galvan-Madrid, Roberto Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun Roman-Zuniga, Carlos Zhang, Qizhou Li, Zhiyun Chen, Huei-Ru TI ALMA RESOLVES THE SPIRALING ACCRETION FLOW IN THE LUMINOUS OB CLUSTER-FORMING REGION G33.92+0.11 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE evolution; ISM: individual objects (G33.92+0.11); stars: formation ID MASSIVE STAR-FORMATION; HOT MOLECULAR CORES; GRAVITATIONAL FRAGMENTATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; FINITE SHEETS; HII-REGIONS; CLOUD; COLLAPSE; FILAMENT; CAMERA AB How rapidly collapsing parsec-scale massive molecular clumps feed high-mass stars and how they fragment to form OB clusters have been outstanding questions in the field of star formation. In this work, we report the resolved structures and kinematics of the approximately face-on, rotating massive molecular clump, G33.92+0.11. Our high-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array images show that the spiral arm-like gas overdensities form in the eccentric gas accretion streams. First, we resolved that the dominant part of the similar to 0.6 pc scale massive molecular clump (3.0(-1.4)(+2.8).10(3) M-circle dot) G33.92+0.11 A is tangled with several 0.5-1 pc size molecular arms spiraling around it, which may be connected further to exterior gas accretion streams. Within G33.92+0.11 A, we resolved the similar to 0.1 pc width gas mini-arms connecting to the two central massive (100-300 M-circle dot) molecular cores. The kinematics of arms and cores elucidate a coherent accretion flow continuing from large to small scales. We demonstrate that the large molecular arms are indeed the cradles of dense cores, which are likely current or future sites of high-mass star formation. Since these deeply embedded massive molecular clumps preferentially form the highest-mass stars in the clusters, we argue that dense cores fed by or formed within molecular arms play a key role in making the upper end of the stellar and core mass functions. C1 [Liu, Hauyu Baobab; Chen, Huei-Ru] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Galvan-Madrid, Roberto] UNAM, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Roman-Zuniga, Carlos] UNAM, Inst Astron, Unidad Acad Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Zhang, Qizhou] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Li, Zhiyun] Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Chen, Huei-Ru] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Chen, Huei-Ru] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. RP Liu, HB (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM hyliu@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw RI Roman-Zuniga, Carlos/F-6602-2016; OI Roman-Zuniga, Carlos/0000-0001-8600-4798; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project [NCC5-626]; People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) REA grant [PIIF-GA-2011-301538]; program CONACYT, Mexico [CB2010-152160]; MOST grant [103-2119-M-001-010-MY2] FX This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA 2012.1.00387.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. This material is based upon work at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology. In the present paper, we discussed observations performed with the ESA Herschel Space Observatory (Pilbratt et al. 2010), in particular, employing Herschel's large telescope and powerful science payload to do photometry using the PACS (Poglitsch et al. 2010) and SPIRE (Griffin et al. 2010) instruments. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by the European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. This research made use of Montage, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project, under Cooperative Agreement Number NCC5-626 between NASA and the California Institute of Technology. Montage is maintained by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive. H.B.L. thanks Simon Radford and other CSO staff for assisting the operation of SHARC2. H.B.L. thanks ASIAA for supporting a series of related researches. I.J.-S. acknowledges funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement No. PIIF-GA-2011-301538. C.R.Z. acknowledges support from program CONACYT CB2010-152160, Mexico. H.B.L. acknowledges funding under MOST grant number 103-2119-M-001-010-MY2. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 37 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/37 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500037 ER PT J AU Munoz-Jaramillo, A Senkpeil, RR Longcope, DW Tlatov, AG Pevtsov, AA Balmaceda, LA DeLuca, EE Martens, PCH AF Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres Senkpeil, Ryan R. Longcope, Dana W. Tlatov, Andrey G. Pevtsov, Alexei A. Balmaceda, Laura A. DeLuca, Edward E. Martens, Petrus C. H. TI THE MINIMUM OF SOLAR CYCLE 23: AS DEEP AS IT COULD BE? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: photosphere; sunspots ID SUNSPOT MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ACTIVE-REGIONS; STATISTICAL PROPERTIES; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; DYNAMO MODELS; TILT ANGLES; FLUX; DEPENDENCE; EMERGENCE; WIND AB In this work we introduce a new way of binning sunspot group data with the purpose of better understanding the impact of the solar cycle on sunspot properties and how this defined the characteristics of the extended minimum of cycle 23. Our approach assumes that the statistical properties of sunspots are completely determined by the strength of the underlying large-scale field and have no additional time dependencies. We use the amplitude of the cycle at any given moment (something we refer to as activity level) as a proxy for the strength of this deep-seated magnetic field. We find that the sunspot size distribution is composed of two populations: one population of groups and active regions and a second population of pores and ephemeral regions. When fits are performed at periods of different activity level, only the statistical properties of the former population, the active regions, are found to vary. Finally, we study the relative contribution of each component (small-scale versus large-scale) to solar magnetism. We find that when hemispheres are treated separately, almost every one of the past 12 solar minima reaches a point where the main contribution to magnetism comes from the small-scale component. However, due to asymmetries in cycle phase, this state is very rarely reached by both hemispheres at the same time. From this we infer that even though each hemisphere did reach the magnetic baseline, from a heliospheric point of view the minimum of cycle 23 was not as deep as it could have been. C1 [Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres; Longcope, Dana W.] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Munoz-Jaramillo, Andres] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Senkpeil, Ryan R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Tlatov, Andrey G.] Pulkovo Observ, Kislovodsk Mt Astron Stn, Kislovodsk 357700, Russia. [Pevtsov, Alexei A.] Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Balmaceda, Laura A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, ICATE, Inst Astron Terr & Space Sci, San Juan, Argentina. [Balmaceda, Laura A.] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil. [DeLuca, Edward E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Martens, Petrus C. H.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Munoz-Jaramillo, A (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM munoz@solar.physics.montana.edu OI Balmaceda, Laura/0000-0003-1162-5498; Pevtsov, Alexei/0000-0003-0489-0920 FU NASA Living With a Star Jack Eddy Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; Lockheed-Martin [SP02H1701R]; CfA Solar Physics REU program, NSF [AGS-1263241] FX We thank Karel Schrijver, Maria Navas Moreno, and an anonymous referee for useful discussions and suggestions. This research was supported by the NASA Living With a Star Jack Eddy Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, administered by the UCAR Visiting Scientist Programs, contract SP02H1701R from Lockheed-Martin to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and the CfA Solar Physics REU program, NSF grant number AGS-1263241. Andres Munoz-Jaramillo is very grateful to George Fisher and Stuart Bale for their support at the University of California, Berkeley, and Phil Scherrer for his support at Stanford University. The National Solar Observatory (NSO) is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, AURA Inc. under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 68 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/68 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500068 ER PT J AU Novati, SC Gould, A Udalski, A Menzies, JW Bond, IA Shvartzvald, Y Street, RA Hundertmark, M Beichman, CA Yee, JC Carey, S Poleski, R Skowron, J Kozlowski, S Mroz, P Pietrukowicz, P Pietrzynski, G Szymanski, MK Soszynski, I Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Albrow, M Beaulieu, JP Caldwell, JAR Cassan, A Coutures, C Danielski, C Prester, DD Donatowicz, J Loncaric, K McDougall, A Morales, JC Ranc, C Zhu, W Abe, F Barry, RK Bennett, DP Bhattacharya, A Fukunaga, D Inayama, K Koshimoto, N Namba, S Sumi, T Suzuki, D Tristram, PJ Wakiyama, Y Yonehara, A Maoz, D Kaspi, S Friedmann, M Bachelet, E Jaimes, RF Bramich, DM Tsapras, Y Horne, K Snodgrass, C Wambsganss, J Steele, IA Kains, N Bozza, V Dominik, M Jorgensen, UG Alsubai, KA Ciceri, S D'Ago, G Haugbolle, T Hessman, FV Hinse, TC Juncher, D Korhonen, H Mancini, L Popovas, A Rabus, M Rahvar, S Scarpetta, G Schmidt, RW Skottfelt, J Southworth, J Starkey, D Surdej, J Wertz, O Zarucki, M Gaudi, BS Pogge, RW De Poy, DL The OGLE Collaboration AF Novati, S. Calchi Gould, A. Udalski, A. Menzies, J. W. Bond, I. A. Shvartzvald, Y. Street, R. A. Hundertmark, M. Beichman, C. A. Yee, J. C. Carey, S. Poleski, R. Skowron, J. Kozlowski, S. Mroz, P. Pietrukowicz, P. Pietrzynski, G. Szymanski, M. K. Soszynski, I. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Albrow, M. Beaulieu, J. P. Caldwell, J. A. R. Cassan, A. Coutures, C. Danielski, C. Prester, D. Dominis Donatowicz, J. Loncaric, K. McDougall, A. Morales, J. C. Ranc, C. Zhu, W. Abe, F. Barry, R. K. Bennett, D. P. Bhattacharya, A. Fukunaga, D. Inayama, K. Koshimoto, N. Namba, S. Sumi, T. Suzuki, D. Tristram, P. J. Wakiyama, Y. Yonehara, A. Maoz, D. Kaspi, S. Friedmann, M. Bachelet, E. Jaimes, R. Figuera Bramich, D. M. Tsapras, Y. Horne, K. Snodgrass, C. Wambsganss, J. Steele, I. A. Kains, N. Bozza, V. Dominik, M. Jorgensen, U. G. Alsubai, K. A. Ciceri, S. D'Ago, G. Haugbolle, T. Hessman, F. V. Hinse, T. C. Juncher, D. Korhonen, H. Mancini, L. Popovas, A. Rabus, M. Rahvar, S. Scarpetta, G. Schmidt, R. W. Skottfelt, J. Southworth, J. Starkey, D. Surdej, J. Wertz, O. Zarucki, M. Gaudi, B. S. Pogge, R. W. De Poy, D. L. Collaboration, The O. G. L. E. CA The PLANET Collaboration The MOA Collaboration The Wise Grp The RoboNet Collaboration The MiNDSTEp Consortium The FUN Collaboration TI PATHWAY TO THE GALACTIC DISTRIBUTION OF PLANETS: COMBINED SPITZER AND GROUND-BASED MICROLENS PARALLAX MEASUREMENTS OF 21 SINGLE-LENS EVENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: micro; planetary systems; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability ID SPACE-TELESCOPE; ISOLATED STAR; MASS; BULGE; COMPANIONS; PHOTOMETRY; FREQUENCY; NETWORK; SYSTEMS; MACHOS AB We present microlens parallax measurements for 21 (apparently) isolated lenses observed toward the Galactic bulge that were imaged simultaneously from Earth and Spitzer, which was similar to 1 AU west of Earth in projection. We combine these measurements with a kinematic model of the Galaxy to derive distance estimates for each lens, with error bars that are small compared to the Sun's galactocentric distance. The ensemble therefore yields a well-defined cumulative distribution of lens distances. In principle, it is possible to compare this distribution against a set of planets detected in the same experiment in order to measure the Galactic distribution of planets. Since these Spitzer observations yielded only one planet, this is not yet possible in practice. However, it will become possible as larger samples are accumulated. C1 [Novati, S. Calchi; Beichman, C. A.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi; Bozza, V.; D'Ago, G.; Scarpetta, G.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Novati, S. Calchi; Scarpetta, G.; Zarucki, M.] IIASS, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Gould, A.; Poleski, R.; Zhu, W.; Gaudi, B. S.; Pogge, R. W.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Udalski, A.; Poleski, R.; Skowron, J.; Kozlowski, S.; Mroz, P.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Pietrzynski, G.; Szymanski, M. K.; Soszynski, I.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Menzies, J. W.] S African Astron Observ, Observ 7935, Cape Town, South Africa. [Bond, I. A.] Massey Univ, North Shore Mail Ctr, Inst Nat & Math Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Shvartzvald, Y.; Maoz, D.; Kaspi, S.; Friedmann, M.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Street, R. A.; Tsapras, Y.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Hundertmark, M.; Jorgensen, U. G.; Haugbolle, T.; Juncher, D.; Korhonen, H.; Popovas, A.; Skottfelt, J.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hundertmark, M.; Jaimes, R. Figuera; Horne, K.; Dominik, M.; Starkey, D.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Carey, S.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Pietrzynski, G.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. [Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Albrow, M.; McDougall, A.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. [Beaulieu, J. P.; Cassan, A.; Coutures, C.; Ranc, C.] UPMC, CNRS, Inst Astrophys, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Beaulieu, J. P.; Morales, J. C.] LESIA, Sect Meudon 5, Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Caldwell, J. A. R.] McDonald Observ, Ft Davis, TX 79734 USA. [Danielski, C.] Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, UMR 8617, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Prester, D. Dominis; Loncaric, K.] Univ Rijeka, Dept Phys, Rijeka 51000, Croatia. [Donatowicz, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Comp, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Abe, F.; Fukunaga, D.; Wakiyama, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Barry, R. K.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bennett, D. P.; Bhattacharya, A.; Suzuki, D.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Inayama, K.; Yonehara, A.] Kyoto Sangyo Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6038555, Japan. [Koshimoto, N.; Namba, S.; Sumi, T.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Tristram, P. J.] Mt John Univ Observ, Lake Tekapo, New Zealand. [Bachelet, E.; Bramich, D. M.; Alsubai, K. A.] Qatar Fdn, Qatar Environm & Energy Res Inst, Doha, Qatar. [Jaimes, R. Figuera; Kains, N.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Tsapras, Y.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London E1 4NS, England. [Snodgrass, C.] Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Snodgrass, C.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Wambsganss, J.; Schmidt, R. W.] Zentrum Astron Univ Heidelberg ZAH, Astron Rechen Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Steele, I. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Bozza, V.; D'Ago, G.; Scarpetta, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Ciceri, S.; Mancini, L.; Rabus, M.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Hessman, F. V.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. [Hinse, T. C.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon 305348, South Korea. [Korhonen, H.] Turku Univ, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Rabus, M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrophys, Santiago 22, Chile. [Rahvar, S.] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Phys, Tehran, Iran. [Southworth, J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Surdej, J.; Wertz, O.] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Cointe Ougree, Belgium. [De Poy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Novati, SC (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Hundertmark, Markus/C-6190-2015; Ranc, Clement/B-1958-2016; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; Korhonen, Heidi/E-3065-2016; Morales, Juan Carlos/H-5548-2015; D'Ago, Giuseppe/N-8318-2016; Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; OI Snodgrass, Colin/0000-0001-9328-2905; Hundertmark, Markus/0000-0003-0961-5231; Ranc, Clement/0000-0003-2388-4534; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Korhonen, Heidi/0000-0003-0529-1161; Morales, Juan Carlos/0000-0003-0061-518X; D'Ago, Giuseppe/0000-0001-9697-7331; Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Dominik, Martin/0000-0002-3202-0343 FU JPL grant [1500811]; NSF [AST 1103471]; NASA [NNX12AB99G]; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ ERC grant [246678]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; University of Rijeka project [13.12.1.3.02]; Marsden Fund of the Royal Society of New Zealand [MAU1104]; I-CORE program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee; Israel Science Foundation [1829/12]; US-Israel Binational Science Foundation; Danish Natural Science Foundation (FNU); NPRP grants from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) [09-476-1-078, X-019-1-006]; Communaute francaise de Belgique-Actions de recherche concertees-Academie Wallonie-Europe; Villum Foundation; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [268421]; [JSPS23103002]; [JSPS24253004]; [JSPS26247023]; [JSPS25103508]; [JSPS23340064] FX Work by C.A.B. was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Work by J.C.Y. A.G., and S.C. was supported by JPL grant 1500811. A.G. and B.S.G. were supported by NSF grant AST 1103471. A.G., B.S.G., and R. W.P. were supported by NASA grant NNX12AB99G. The OGLE project has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ ERC grant agreement no. 246678 to A.U. Work by J.C.Y. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Work by D.D.P. and K.L. was supported by the University of Rijeka project 13.12.1.3.02. Work by T.S. is supported by grants JSPS23103002, JSPS24253004, and JSPS26247023. Work by I.A.B. was supported by the Marsden Fund of the Royal Society of New Zealand, contract no. MAU1104. The MOA project is supported by the grant JSPS25103508 and 23340064. Work by D.M. is supported by the I-CORE program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee and the Israel Science Foundation, Grant 1829/12. D.M. and A.G. acknowledge support by the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation. The operation of the Danish 1.54 m telescope at ESO's La Silla Observatory is financed by a grant to U.G.J. from the Danish Natural Science Foundation (FNU). This publication was made possible by NPRP grants 09-476-1-078 and X-019-1-006 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). O.W. (FNRS research fellow) and J. Surdej acknowledge support from the Communaute francaise de Belgique-Actions de recherche concertees-Academie Wallonie-Europe. M.H. acknowledges support from the Villum Foundation. C.S. received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 268421. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. The research described in this publication was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 20 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/20 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500020 ER PT J AU Skowron, J Shin, IG Udalski, A Han, C Sumi, T Shvartzvald, Y Gould, A Prester, DD Street, RA Jorgensen, UG Bennett, DP Bozza, V Szymanski, MK Kubiak, M Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Poleski, R Kozlowski, S Pietrukowicz, P Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Abe, F Bhattacharya, A Bond, IA Botzler, CS Freeman, M Fukui, A Fukunaga, D Itow, Y Ling, CH Koshimoto, N Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Muraki, Y Namba, S Ohnishi, K Philpott, LC Rattenbury, N Saito, T Sullivan, DJ Suzuki, D Tristram, PJ Yock, PCM Maoz, D Kaspi, S Friedmann, M Almeida, LA Batista, V Christie, G Choi, JY Depoy, DL Gaudi, BS Henderson, C Hwang, KH Jablonski, F Jung, YK Lee, CU McCormick, J Natusch, T Ngan, H Park, H Pogge, RW Yee, JC Albrow, MD Bachelet, E Beaulieu, JP Brillant, S Caldwell, JAR Cassan, A Cole, A Corrales, E Coutures, CH Dieters, S Donatowicz, J Fouque, P Greenhill, J Kains, N Kane, SR Kubas, D Marquette, JB Martin, R Menzies, J Pollard, KR Ranc, C Sahu, KC Wambsganss, J Williams, A Wouters, D Tsapras, Y Bramich, DM Horne, K Hundertmark, M Snodgrass, C Steele, IA Alsubai, KA Browne, P Burgdorf, MJ Novati, SC Dodds, P Dominik, M Dreizler, S Fang, XS Gu, CH Hardis Harpsoe, K Hessman, FV Hinse, TC Hornstrup, A Jessen-Hansen, J Kerins, E Liebig, C Lund, M Lundkvist, M Mancini, L Mathiasen, M Penny, MT Rahvar, S Ricci, D Scarpetta, G Skottfelt, J Southworth, J Surdej, J Tregloan-Reed, J Wertz, O AF Skowron, J. Shin, I. -G. Udalski, A. Han, C. Sumi, T. Shvartzvald, Y. Gould, A. Prester, D. Dominis Street, R. A. Jorgensen, U. G. Bennett, D. P. Bozza, V. Szymanski, M. K. Kubiak, M. Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. Poleski, R. Kozlowski, S. Pietrukowicz, P. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Abe, F. Bhattacharya, A. Bond, I. A. Botzler, C. S. Freeman, M. Fukui, A. Fukunaga, D. Itow, Y. Ling, C. H. Koshimoto, N. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Muraki, Y. Namba, S. Ohnishi, K. Philpott, L. C. Rattenbury, N. Saito, T. Sullivan, D. J. Suzuki, D. Tristram, P. J. Yock, P. C. M. Maoz, D. Kaspi, S. Friedmann, M. Almeida, L. A. Batista, V. Christie, G. Choi, J. -Y. Depoy, D. L. Gaudi, B. S. Henderson, C. Hwang, K. -H. Jablonski, F. Jung, Y. K. Lee, C. -U. McCormick, J. Natusch, T. Ngan, H. Park, H. Pogge, R. W. Yee, J. C. Albrow, M. D. Bachelet, E. Beaulieu, J. -P. Brillant, S. Caldwell, J. A. R. Cassan, A. Cole, A. Corrales, E. Coutures, C. H. Dieters, S. Donatowicz, J. Fouque, P. Greenhill, J. Kains, N. Kane, S. R. Kubas, D. Marquette, J. -B. Martin, R. Menzies, J. Pollard, K. R. Ranc, C. Sahu, K. C. Wambsganss, J. Williams, A. Wouters, D. Tsapras, Y. Bramich, D. M. Horne, K. Hundertmark, M. Snodgrass, C. Steele, I. A. Alsubai, K. A. Browne, P. Burgdorf, M. J. Novati, S. Calchi Dodds, P. Dominik, M. Dreizler, S. Fang, X. -S. Gu, C. -H. Hardis Harpsoe, K. Hessman, F. V. Hinse, T. C. Hornstrup, A. Jessen-Hansen, J. Kerins, E. Liebig, C. Lund, M. Lundkvist, M. Mancini, L. Mathiasen, M. Penny, M. T. Rahvar, S. Ricci, D. Scarpetta, G. Skottfelt, J. Southworth, J. Surdej, J. Tregloan-Reed, J. Wertz, O. CA OGLE Collaboration MOA Collaboration Wise Grp FUN Collaboration PLANET Collaboration RoboNet Collaboration MiNDSTEp Consortium TI OGLE-2011-BLG-0265Lb: A JOVIAN MICROLENSING PLANET ORBITING AN M DWARF SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: micro; planetary systems ID SURFACE BRIGHTNESS RELATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL BINARY-LENS; GALACTIC BULGE; MASS PLANET; OGLE-III; JUPITER/SATURN ANALOG; ANGULAR SIZES; GIANT PLANETS; SNOW LINE; STARS AB We report the discovery of a Jupiter-mass planet orbiting an M-dwarf star that gave rise to the microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0265. Such a system is very rare among known planetary systems and thus the discovery is important for theoretical studies of planetary formation and evolution. High-cadence temporal coverage of the planetary signal, combined with extended observations throughout the event, allows us to accurately model the observed light curve. However, the final microlensing solution remains degenerate, yielding two possible configurations of the planet and the host star. In the case of the preferred solution, the mass of the planet is M-p = 0.9 +/- 0.3 M-J, and the planet is orbiting a star with a mass M = 0.22 +/- 0.06 M-circle dot. The second possible configuration (2 sigma away) consists of a planet with M-p = 0.6 +/- 0.3M(J) and host star with M = 0.14 +/- 0.06M(circle dot). The system is located in the Galactic disk 3-4 kpc toward the Galactic bulge. In both cases, with an orbit size of 1.5-2.0 AU, the planet is a "cold Jupiter"-located well beyond the "snow line" of the host star. Currently available data make the secure selection of the correct solution difficult, but there are prospects for lifting the degeneracy with additional follow-up observations in the future, when the lens and source star separate. C1 [Skowron, J.; Udalski, A.; Szymanski, M. K.; Kubiak, M.; Pietrzynski, G.; Poleski, R.; Kozlowski, S.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Shin, I. -G.; Han, C.; Choi, J. -Y.; Hwang, K. -H.; Jung, Y. K.; Park, H.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys, Cheongju 371763, South Korea. [Sumi, T.; Koshimoto, N.; Namba, S.; Suzuki, D.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Shvartzvald, Y.; Maoz, D.; Kaspi, S.; Friedmann, M.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Gould, A.; Poleski, R.; Batista, V.; Gaudi, B. S.; Henderson, C.; Pogge, R. W.; Yee, J. C.; Penny, M. T.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Prester, D. Dominis] Univ Rijeka, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Phys, Rijeka 51000, Croatia. [Street, R. A.; Tsapras, Y.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Hardis; Harpsoe, K.; Hinse, T. C.; Mathiasen, M.; Skottfelt, J.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Harpsoe, K.; Skottfelt, J.] Ctr Star & Planet Format, Geol Museum, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bennett, D. P.; Bhattacharya, A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bozza, V.; Novati, S. Calchi; Scarpetta, G.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Bozza, V.; Scarpetta, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Napoli, Italy. [Soszynski, I.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. [Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Abe, F.; Fukunaga, D.; Itow, Y.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Bond, I. A.; Ling, C. H.] Massey Univ, Inst Informat & Math Sci, North Shore Mail Ctr, Auckland, New Zealand. [Botzler, C. S.; Freeman, M.; Rattenbury, N.; Yock, P. C. M.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Fukui, A.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Okayama 7190232, Japan. [Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6588501, Japan. [Ohnishi, K.] Nagano Natl Coll Technol, Nagano 3818550, Japan. [Philpott, L. C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Saito, T.] Tokyo Metropolitan Coll Ind Technol, Tokyo 1168523, Japan. [Sullivan, D. J.; Tristram, P. J.] Victoria Univ, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Almeida, L. A.; Jablonski, F.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Div Astrofis, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Christie, G.; Natusch, T.; Ngan, H.] Auckland Observ, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. [Depoy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lee, C. -U.; Hinse, T. C.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon 305348, South Korea. [McCormick, J.] Ctr Backyard Astrophys, Farm Cove Observ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Natusch, T.] AUT Univ, Inst Radiophys & Space Res, Auckland, New Zealand. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Albrow, M. D.; Pollard, K. R.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. [Bachelet, E.; Dieters, S.; Fouque, P.] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, UPS OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Beaulieu, J. -P.; Cassan, A.; Corrales, E.; Coutures, C. H.; Kubas, D.; Marquette, J. -B.; Ranc, C.; Wouters, D.] UPMC, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Brillant, S.; Kubas, D.] European So Observ, Santiago 19001 19, Chile. [Caldwell, J. A. R.] McDonald Observ, Ft Davis, TX 79734 USA. [Cole, A.; Greenhill, J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Donatowicz, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Comp, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Fouque, P.] CFHT Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Kains, N.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Kains, N.; Sahu, K. C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kane, S. R.; Novati, S. Calchi] CALTECH, Exoplanet Sci Inst, NASA, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Martin, R.] Perth Observ, Perth, WA 6076, Australia. [Menzies, J.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Wambsganss, J.; Williams, A.] Zentrum Astron Univ Heidelberg ZAH, Astron Rech Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Tsapras, Y.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London E1 4NS, England. [Bramich, D. M.] Qatar Fdn, Qatar Environm & Energy Res Inst, Doha, Qatar. [Horne, K.; Hundertmark, M.; Browne, P.; Dodds, P.; Dominik, M.; Liebig, C.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Hundertmark, M.; Dreizler, S.; Hessman, F. V.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Snodgrass, C.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Steele, I. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Alsubai, K. A.] Qatar Fdn, Doha, Qatar. [Burgdorf, M. J.] HE Space Operat GmbH, D-28199 Bremen, Germany. [Novati, S. Calchi; Scarpetta, G.] IIASS, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare Salerno, Italy. [Fang, X. -S.; Gu, C. -H.; Hornstrup, A.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Natl Astron Observat Yunnan Observ, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China. [Hinse, T. C.] Armagh Observ, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland. [Kerins, E.; Penny, M. T.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Jessen-Hansen, J.; Lund, M.; Lundkvist, M.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Aarhus C, Denmark. [Lundkvist, M.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Mancini, L.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Rahvar, S.] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Phys, Tehran, Iran. [Rahvar, S.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Ricci, D.; Surdej, J.] Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Ricci, D.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, Bologna, Italy. [Ricci, D.] UNAM, Inst Astron, Ensenada 22800, Baja California, Mexico. [Southworth, J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Tregloan-Reed, J.; Wertz, O.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Tregloan-Reed, J (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RI Hundertmark, Markus/C-6190-2015; Almeida, L./G-7188-2012; Ranc, Clement/B-1958-2016; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; OI Snodgrass, Colin/0000-0001-9328-2905; Hundertmark, Markus/0000-0003-0961-5231; Ranc, Clement/0000-0003-2388-4534; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Philpott, Lydia/0000-0002-5286-8528; Dominik, Martin/0000-0002-3202-0343; Cole, Andrew/0000-0003-0303-3855 FU European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) / ERC [246678]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MNiSW) through the program "Iuventus Plus" [IP2011 026771]; Creative Research Initiative Program of National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; JSPS [24253004, JSPS23540339, JSPS19340058]; Distinguished University Fellowship from The Ohio State University and in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) - NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; NSF [AST 1103471]; NASA [NNX12AB99G]; European Union [268421]; Danish Natural Science Foundation (FNU); German Research Foundation (DFG); Communaute francaise de Belgique-Actions de recherche concertees-Academie universitaire Wallonie-Europe; Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF), Qatar Foundation [NPRP 09-476-1-078]; University of Rijeka Project [13.12.1.3.02]; I-CORE program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee; Israel Science Foundation [1829/12]; US-Israel Binational Science Foundation; [JSPS22403003]; [JSPS23340064]; [JSPS23340044]; [JSPS24253004] FX The OGLE project has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement No. 246678 to A.U. This research was partly supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MNiSW) through the program "Iuventus Plus" award No. IP2011 026771. Work by C.H. was supported by Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of National Research Foundation of Korea. The MOA experiment was supported by grants JSPS22403003 and JSPS23340064. T.S. acknowledges the support of JSPS 24253004. T.S. is supported by the grant JSPS23340044. Y.M. acknowledges support from JSPS grants JSPS23540339 and JSPS19340058. Work by J.C.Y. is supported in part by a Distinguished University Fellowship from The Ohio State University and in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program. Work by A.G. and B.S.G was supported by NSF grant AST 1103471. Work by A.G., B.S.G., and RWP was supported by NASA grant NNX12AB99G. T.S. acknowledges support from the grants JSPS23340044 and JSPS24253004. C.S. received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 268421. This work is based in part on data collected by MiNDSTEp with the Danish 1.54 m telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory. The Danish 1.54 m telescope is operated based on a grant from the Danish Natural Science Foundation (FNU). The MiNDSTEp monitoring campaign is powered by ARTEMiS (Automated Terrestrial Exoplanet Microlensing Search; Dominik et al. 2008, AN 329, 248). M.H. acknowledges support by the German Research Foundation (DFG). D.R. (boursier FRIA) and J.S. acknowledge support from the Communaute francaise de Belgique-Actions de recherche concertees-Academie universitaire Wallonie-Europe. K.A., D.M.B., M.D., K.H., M.H., C.L., C.S., R.A.S., and Y.T. are thankful to the Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF), member of Qatar Foundation, for support by grant NPRP 09-476-1-078. Work by D.D.P. was supported by the University of Rijeka Project 13.12.1.3.02. This research was supported by the I-CORE program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee and the Israel Science Foundation, grant 1829/12. D.M. and A.G. acknowledge support by the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 33 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/33 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500033 ER PT J AU Thyagarajan, N Jacobs, DC Bowman, JD Barry, N Beardsley, AP Bernardi, G Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Carroll, P Corey, BE de Oliveira-Costa, A Dillon, JS Emrich, D Ewall-Wice, A Feng, L Goeke, R Greenhill, LJ Hazelton, BJ Hewitt, JN Hurley-Walker, N Johnston-Hollitt, M Kaplan, DL Kasper, JC Kim, HS Kittiwisit, P Kratzenberg, E Lenc, E Line, J Loeb, A Lonsdale, CJ Lynch, MJ McKinley, B McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Neben, AR Oberoi, D Offringa, AR Ord, SM Paul, S Pindor, B Pober, JC Prabu, T Procopio, P Riding, J Rogers, AEE Roshi, A Shankar, NU Sethi, SK Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Sullivan, IS Tegmark, M Tingay, SJ Trott, CM Waterson, M Wayth, RB Webster, RL Whitney, AR Williams, A Williams, CL Wu, C Wyithe, JSB AF Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan Jacobs, Daniel C. Bowman, Judd D. Barry, N. Beardsley, A. P. Bernardi, G. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Carroll, P. Corey, B. E. de Oliveira-Costa, A. Dillon, Joshua S. Emrich, D. Ewall-Wice, A. Feng, L. Goeke, R. Greenhill, L. J. Hazelton, B. J. Hewitt, J. N. Hurley-Walker, N. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Kaplan, D. L. Kasper, J. C. Kim, Han-Seek Kittiwisit, P. Kratzenberg, E. Lenc, E. Line, J. Loeb, A. Lonsdale, C. J. Lynch, M. J. McKinley, B. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Neben, A. R. Oberoi, D. Offringa, A. R. Ord, S. M. Paul, Sourabh Pindor, B. Pober, J. C. Prabu, T. Procopio, P. Riding, J. Rogers, A. E. E. Roshi, A. Shankar, N. Udaya Sethi, Shiv K. Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Sullivan, I. S. Tegmark, M. Tingay, S. J. Trott, C. M. Waterson, M. Wayth, R. B. Webster, R. L. Whitney, A. R. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. Wu, C. Wyithe, J. S. B. TI FOREGROUNDS IN WIDE-FIELD REDSHIFTED 21 cm POWER SPECTRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; dark ages, reionization, first stars; large-scale structure of universe; methods: statistical; radio continuum: galaxies; techniques: interferometric ID MURCHISON WIDEFIELD ARRAY; RADIO IMAGING SURVEY; LOW-FREQUENCY; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; CENTIMETER TOMOGRAPHY; SOUTHERN SKY; DARK-AGES; BASE-LINE; 150 MHZ; REIONIZATION AB Detection of 21 cm emission of H I from the epoch of reionization, at redshifts z > 6, is limited primarily by foreground emission. We investigate the signatures of wide-field measurements and an all-sky foreground model using the delay spectrum technique that maps the measurements to foreground object locations through signal delays between antenna pairs. We demonstrate interferometric measurements are inherently sensitive to all scales, including the largest angular scales, owing to the nature of wide-field measurements. These wide-field effects are generic to all observations but antenna shapes impact their amplitudes substantially. A dish-shaped antenna yields the most desirable features from a foreground contamination viewpoint, relative to a dipole or a phased array. Comparing data from recent Murchison Widefield Array observations, we demonstrate that the foreground signatures that have the largest impact on the H I signal arise from power received far away from the primary field of view. We identify diffuse emission near the horizon as a significant contributing factor, even on wide antenna spacings that usually represent structures on small scales. For signals entering through the primary field of view, compact emission dominates the foreground contamination. These two mechanisms imprint a characteristic pitchfork signature on the "foreground wedge" in Fourier delay space. Based on these results, we propose that selective down-weighting of data based on antenna spacing and time can mitigate foreground contamination substantially by a factor of similar to 100 with negligible loss of sensitivity. C1 [Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan; Jacobs, Daniel C.; Bowman, Judd D.; Kittiwisit, P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Barry, N.; Beardsley, A. P.; Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.; Pober, J. C.; Sullivan, I. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.; Kasper, J. C.; Loeb, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Briggs, F.; Waterson, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Corey, B. E.; Kratzenberg, E.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.; Rogers, A. E. E.; Whitney, A. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [de Oliveira-Costa, A.; Ewall-Wice, A.; Feng, L.; Goeke, R.; Morgan, E.; Neben, A. R.; Tegmark, M.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hurley-Walker, N.; Ord, S. M.; Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Waterson, M.; Wayth, R. B.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Kasper, J. C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kim, Han-Seek; Line, J.; McKinley, B.; Pindor, B.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Lenc, E.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Mitchell, D. A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci CASS, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Morales, M. F.; Paul, Sourabh; Shankar, N. Udaya; Sethi, Shiv K.; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Roshi, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Wu, C.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. RP Thyagarajan, N (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM t_nithyanandan@asu.edu RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Trott, Cathryn/B-5325-2013; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/B-9520-2013; Emrich, David/B-7002-2013; Sethi, Shiv/D-4893-2012; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012 OI Pober, Jonathan/0000-0002-3492-0433; Lenc, Emil/0000-0002-9994-1593; Wyithe, Stuart/0000-0001-7956-9758; KIM, HANSIK/0000-0002-5507-5769; /0000-0002-0086-7363; Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Trott, Cathryn/0000-0001-6324-1766; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/0000-0002-5119-4808; Emrich, David/0000-0002-4058-1837; M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-1109257]; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-1401708]; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship [AST-1302774]; NSF [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council (LIEF grants) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington (via grant from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development) [MED-E1799]; Victoria University of Wellington (IBM Shared University Research Grant); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Education Investment Fund; Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University; NVIDIA at Harvard University; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR); Western Australian State government FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) through award AST-1109257. D.C.J. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1401708. J.C.P. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship under award AST-1302774. This work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the NSF (awards: AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 59 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 14 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/14 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500014 ER PT J AU Vacca, WD Hamilton, RT Savage, M Shenoy, S Becklin, EE McLean, IS Logsdon, SE Marion, GH Ashok, NM Banerjee, DPK Evans, A Fox, OD Garnavich, P Gehrz, RD Greenhouse, M Helton, LA Kirshner, RP Shenoy, D Smith, N Spyromilio, J Starrfield, S Wooden, DH Woodward, CE AF Vacca, William D. Hamilton, Ryan T. Savage, Maureen Shenoy, Sachindev Becklin, E. E. McLean, Ian S. Logsdon, Sarah E. Marion, G. H. Ashok, N. M. Banerjee, D. P. K. Evans, A. Fox, O. D. Garnavich, P. Gehrz, R. D. Greenhouse, M. Helton, L. A. Kirshner, R. P. Shenoy, D. Smith, Nathan Spyromilio, J. Starrfield, S. Wooden, D. H. Woodward, C. E. TI OBSERVATIONS OF TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA 2014J WITH FLITECAM ON SOFIA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infrared: stars; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2014J) ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRA; SN 2014J; TELESCOPE FACILITY; M82; SPECTROGRAPH; ULTRAVIOLET; ASTRONOMY; BINARIES; MODELS; TIME AB We present medium-resolution near-infrared (NIR) spectra, covering 1.1-3.4 mu m, of the normal Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2014J in M82 obtained with the FLITECAM instrument on board Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) between 17 and 26 days after maximum B light. Our 2.8-3.4 mu m spectra may be the first similar to 3 mu m spectra of an SN Ia ever published. The spectra spanning the 1.5-2.7 mu m range are characterized by a strong emission feature at similar to 1.77 mu m with a FWHM of similar to 11,000-13,000 kms(-1). We compare the observed FLITECAM spectra to the recent non-LTE delayed detonation models of Dessart et al. and find that the models agree with the spectra remarkably well in the 1.5-2.7 mu m wavelength range. Based on this comparison we identify the similar to 1.77 mu m emission peak as a blend of permitted lines of Co II. Other features seen in the 2.0-2.5 mu m spectra are also identified as emission from permitted transitions of Co II. However, the models are not as successful at reproducing the spectra in the 1.1-1.4 mu m range or between 2.8 and 3.4 mu m. These observations demonstrate the promise of SOFIA, which allows access to wavelength regions inaccessible from the ground, and serve to draw attention to the usefulness of the regions between the standard ground-based NIR passbands for constraining SN models. C1 [Vacca, William D.; Hamilton, Ryan T.; Savage, Maureen; Shenoy, Sachindev; Becklin, E. E.; Helton, L. A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA USRA, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [McLean, Ian S.; Logsdon, Sarah E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Marion, G. H.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ashok, N. M.; Banerjee, D. P. K.] Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India. [Evans, A.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Fox, O. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Garnavich, P.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Gehrz, R. D.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Greenhouse, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Shenoy, D.; Woodward, C. E.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Smith, Nathan] Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Spyromilio, J.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Starrfield, S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Wooden, D. H.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Vacca, WD (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA USRA, Mail Stop N232-12, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM wvacca@sofia.usra.edu FU NSF; NASA; NASA [NAS2-97001]; Deutsches SOFIA Institut (DSI) under DLR [50 OK 0901]; SOFIA Cycle 2 GI Research Grant [75-0001, 75-0002, 02-0100]; NASA through USRA [08500-05] FX We would like to thank the USRA/DSI science and mission operations teams and the engineering and support staff at NASA Armstrong and Ames for their pivotal roles in making SOFIA a reality. We also thank Luc Dessart and Stephane Blondin for sharing their SN models with us. R.D.G. thanks R. G. Arendt, E. Dwek, and T. Temim for providing useful input during the formulation of the scientific case for the observing program as members of the DDT proposal team. Similarly, P.G. thanks P. Milne, E. Hsiao, M. Phillips, and N. Suntzeff for their contributions to the science case of the accepted DDT proposal. S.S. acknowledges support from NSF and NASA grants to ASU.; Based on observations made with the NASA/DLR Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). SOFIA is jointly operated by the Universities Space Research Association, Inc. (USRA), under NASA contract NAS2-97001, and the Deutsches SOFIA Institut (DSI) under DLR contract 50 OK 0901 to the University of Stuttgart. Financial support for R.T.H., R.D.G., and P.G. was provided in part by SOFIA Cycle 2 GI Research Grant #'s 75-0001, 75-0002, and 02-0100, respectively, issued by USRA, on behalf of NASA. I.S.M. and S.E.L. were supported by NASA through grant 08500-05 from USRA for the development of FLITECAM. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR 66 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/66 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH7BB UT WOS:000354189500066 ER PT J AU Rangel, TF Colwell, RK Graves, GR Fucikova, K Rahbek, C Diniz, JAF AF Rangel, Thiago F. Colwell, Robert K. Graves, Gary R. Fucikova, Karolina Rahbek, Carsten Diniz-Filho, Jose Alexandre F. TI Phylogenetic uncertainty revisited: Implications for ecological analyses SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Hummingbirds; sensitivity analysis; uncertainty quantification ID EVOLUTIONARY; HUMMINGBIRDS; SUPERTREE; PATTERNS; TREES; DIVERSIFICATION; ADAPTATION; INFERENCE; RICHNESS; MAMMALS AB Ecologists and biogeographers usually rely on a single phylogenetic tree to study evolutionary processes that affect macroecological patterns. This approach ignores the fact that each phylogenetic tree is a hypothesis about the evolutionary history of a clade, and cannot be directly observed in nature. Also, trees often leave out many extant species, or include missing species as polytomies because of a lack of information on the relationship among taxa. Still, researchers usually do not quantify the effects of phylogenetic uncertainty in ecological analyses. We propose here a novel analytical strategy to maximize the use of incomplete phylogenetic information, while simultaneously accounting for several sources of phylogenetic uncertainty that may distort statistical inferences about evolutionary processes. We illustrate the approach using a clade-wide analysis of the hummingbirds, evaluating how different sources of uncertainty affect several phylogenetic comparative analyses of trait evolution and biogeographic patterns. Although no statistical approximation can fully substitute for a complete and robust phylogeny, the method we describe and illustrate enables researchers to broaden the number of clades for which studies informed by evolutionary relationships are possible, while allowing the estimation and control of statistical error that arises from phylogenetic uncertainty. Software tools to carry out the necessary computations are offered. C1 [Rangel, Thiago F.; Colwell, Robert K.; Diniz-Filho, Jose Alexandre F.] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Ecol, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Colwell, Robert K.; Fucikova, Karolina] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Colwell, Robert K.] Univ Colorado, Museum Nat Hist, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Graves, Gary R.; Rahbek, Carsten] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Dept Biol, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Rangel, TF (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Dept Ecol, CP 131, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM thiago.rangel@ufg.br RI Diniz-Filho, Jose Alexandre/D-9405-2013; publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017 OI Diniz-Filho, Jose Alexandre/0000-0002-0967-9684; FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [564718/2010-6]; National Science Foundation (USA) [DEB-0639979, DBI-0851245, DEB-1036448]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Alexander Wetmore Fund of the Smithsonian Institution; Smoketree Trust; Danish National Research Foundation; Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate; CAPES; CNPq FX Several concepts in this article were inspired by the phylogenetics course (EEB5349), taught by Dr. P. Lewis, at the University of Connecticut. TFR is supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, 564718/2010-6). RKC was supported by the National Science Foundation (USA, DEB-0639979 and DBI-0851245) and by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES). GRG thanks the Alexander Wetmore Fund of the Smithsonian Institution, the Smoketree Trust, the Danish National Research Foundation, and the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate for support. CR acknowledges the Danish National Research Foundation for support to the Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate. KF was supported by the National Science Foundation (USA, DEB-1036448, awarded to L.A. Lewis and P.O. Lewis). JAFD-F has been continuously supported by CAPES and CNPq through several research grants. NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 EI 1558-5646 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD MAY PY 2015 VL 69 IS 5 BP 1301 EP 1312 DI 10.1111/evo.12644 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CI2FT UT WOS:000354561600015 PM 25800868 ER PT J AU Villa, C Buckberry, J Cattaneo, C Frohlich, B Lynnerup, N AF Villa, Chiara Buckberry, Jo Cattaneo, Cristina Frohlich, Bruno Lynnerup, Niels TI Quantitative Analysis of the Morphological Changes of the Pubic Symphyseal Face and the Auricular Surface and Implications for Age at Death Estimation SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic anthropology; curvature; CT scans; surface scans; 3D models ID ADULT SKELETAL AGE; SUCHEY-BROOKS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; REVISED METHOD; IDENTIFICATION; RELIABILITY; ILIUM AB Age estimation methods are often based on the age-related morphological changes of the auricular surface and the pubic bone. In this study, a mathematical approach to quantify these changes has been tested analyzing the curvature variation on 3D models from CT and laser scans. The sample consisted of the 24 Suchey-Brooks (SB) pubic bone casts, 19 auricular surfaces from the Buckberry and Chamberlain (BC) recording kit and 98 pelvic bones from the Terry Collection (Smithsonian Institution). Strong and moderate correlations between phases and curvature were found in SB casts ( 0.60-0.93) and BC recording kit ( 0.47-0.75), moderate and weak correlations in the Terry Collection bones (pubic bones: 0.29-0.51, auricular surfaces: 0.33-0.50) but associated with large individual variability and overlap of curvature values between adjacent decades. The new procedure, requiring no expert judgment from the operator, achieved similar correlations that can be found in the classic methods. C1 [Villa, Chiara; Lynnerup, Niels] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Forens Med, Lab Biol Anthropol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Buckberry, Jo] Univ Bradford, Biol Anthropol Res Ctr, Archaeol Sci, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England. [Cattaneo, Cristina] Univ Milan, Dept Human Morphol, Forens Anthropol & Odontol Lab, LABANOF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Frohlich, Bruno] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Villa, C (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Forens Med, Frederik Vs Vej 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM chiara.villa@sund.ku.dk RI Cattaneo, Cristina/M-2671-2016; OI Cattaneo, Cristina/0000-0003-0086-029X; Villa, Chiara/0000-0002-9967-8131 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1198 EI 1556-4029 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 60 IS 3 BP 556 EP 565 DI 10.1111/1556-4029.12689 PG 10 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA CH4HI UT WOS:000353994200002 PM 25613520 ER PT J AU Batygin, K Deck, KM Holman, MJ AF Batygin, Konstantin Deck, Katherine M. Holman, Matthew J. TI DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION OF MULTI-RESONANT SYSTEMS: THE CASE OF GJ 876 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE celestial mechanics; planet-disk interactions; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability ID MEAN MOTION RESONANCES; EXTRASOLAR PLANETARY SYSTEMS; TURBULENT PROTOPLANETARY DISCS; OUTER ASTEROID BELT; SOLAR-SYSTEM; GIANT PLANETS; ORBITAL EVOLUTION; FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; MAGNETIZED DISKS; CHAOTIC BEHAVIOR AB The GJ 876 system was among the earliest multi-planetary detections outside of the Solar System, and has long been known to harbor a resonant pair of giant planets. Subsequent characterization of the system revealed the presence of an additional Neptune mass object on an external orbit, locked in a three body Laplace mean motion resonance with the previously known planets. While this system is currently the only known extrasolar example of a Laplace resonance, it differs from the Galilean satellites in that the orbital motion of the planets is known to be chaotic. In this work, we present a simple perturbative model that illuminates the origins of stochasticity inherent to this system and derive analytic estimates of the Lyapunov time as well as the chaotic diffusion coefficient. We then address the formation of the multi-resonant structure within a protoplanetary disk and show that modest turbulent forcing in addition to dissipative effects is required to reproduce the observed chaotic configuration. Accordingly, this work places important constraints on the typical formation environments of planetary systems and informs the attributes of representative orbital architectures that arise from extended disk-driven evolution. C1 [Batygin, Konstantin; Deck, Katherine M.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Holman, Matthew J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Batygin, K (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 135 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 167 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/167 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200018 ER PT J AU Debes, JH Kilic, M Tremblay, PE Lopez-Morales, M Anglada-Escude, G Napiwotzki, R Osip, D Weinberger, A AF Debes, John H. Kilic, Mukremin Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Anglada-Escude, Guillem Napiwotzki, Ralph Osip, David Weinberger, Alycia TI A NEW MERGING DOUBLE DEGENERATE BINARY IN THE SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; binaries: spectroscopic; stars: individual (WD 1242-105); white dwarfs ID DA WHITE-DWARFS; SPY PROJECT; SPECTROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATION; GRAVITATIONAL-RADIATION; MAGELLAN-TELESCOPES; SKY SURVEY; MASS; STARS; EVOLUTION; CATALOG AB Characterizing the local space density of double degenerate (DD) binary systems is a complementary approach to broad sky surveys of DDs to determine the expected rates of WD binary mergers, in particular those that may evolve into other observable phenomena such as extreme helium stars, Am CVn systems, and SNe Ia. However, there have been few such systems detected in local space. We report here the discovery that WD1242-105, a nearby bright WD, is a double-line spectroscopic binary consisting of two degenerate DA WDs of similar mass and temperature, despite it previously having been spectroscopically characterized as a single degenerate. Follow-up photometry, spectroscopy, and trigonometric parallax have been obtained in an effort to determine the fundamental parameters of each component of this system. The binary has a mass ratio of 0.7 and a trigonometric parallax of 25.5 mas, placing it at a distance of 39 pc. The system's total mass is 0.95 M-circle dot and has an orbital period of 2.85 hr, making it the strongest known gravitational wave source (log h = -20.78) in the mHz regime. Because of its orbital period and total mass, WD1242-105 is predicted to merge via gravitational radiation on a timescale of 740 Myr, which will most likely not result in a catastrophic explosion. C1 [Debes, John H.; Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kilic, Mukremin] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Lopez-Morales, Mercedes] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 01238 USA. [Anglada-Escude, Guillem] Univ London, Sch Math Sci, Astron Unit, London E1 4NS, England. [Napiwotzki, Ralph] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Osip, David] Carnegie Inst Sci, Observ, Las Campanas Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Weinberger, Alycia] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Debes, JH (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. OI Anglada Escude, Guillem/0000-0002-3645-5977 FU NSF [AST-1312678]; NASA [NNX14AF65G, HF-51329.01]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy via the European Space Agency; Space Telescope Science Institute FX The authors would like to thank the numerous support staff and scientists at the Las Campanas Observatory, who make world-class observing routine by their high level of help and knowledge. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. M.K. gratefully acknowledges the support of the NSF and NASA under grants AST-1312678 and NNX14AF65G, respectively. J.H.D. acknowledges support through a contract to the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy via the European Space Agency. P.-E.T. is supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant #HF-51329.01 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 176 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/176 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200027 ER PT J AU Hartman, JD Bayliss, D Brahm, R Bakos, GA Mancini, L Jordan, A Penev, K Rabus, M Zhou, G Butler, RP Espinoza, N de Val-Borro, M Bhatti, W Csubry, Z Ciceri, S Henning, T Schmidt, B Arriagada, P Shectman, S Crane, J Thompson, I Suc, V Csak, B Tan, TG Noyes, RW Lazar, J Papp, I Sari, P AF Hartman, J. D. Bayliss, D. Brahm, R. Bakos, G. A. Mancini, L. Jordan, A. Penev, K. Rabus, M. Zhou, G. Butler, R. P. Espinoza, N. de Val-Borro, M. Bhatti, W. Csubry, Z. Ciceri, S. Henning, T. Schmidt, B. Arriagada, P. Shectman, S. Crane, J. Thompson, I. Suc, V. Csak, B. Tan, T. G. Noyes, R. W. Lazar, J. Papp, I. Sari, P. TI HATS-6b: A WARM SATURN TRANSITING AN EARLY M DWARF STAR, AND A SET OF EMPIRICAL RELATIONS FOR CHARACTERIZING K AND M DWARF PLANET HOSTS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual (HATS-6); techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic ID LOW-MASS STARS; SEQUENCE ECLIPSING BINARIES; LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; HOT JUPITER; LIGHT CURVES; ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; STELLAR EVOLUTION; ACCURATE MASSES AB We report the discovery by the HATSouth survey of HATS-6b, an extrasolar planet transiting a V = 15.2 mag, i = 13.7 mag M1V star with a mass of 0.57 M-circle dot and a radius of 0.57 R-circle dot HATS-6b has a period of P = 3.3253 d, mass of M-p = 0.32 M-J, radius of R-p = 1.00 R-J, and zero-albedo equilibrium temperature of T-eq = 712.8 +/- 5.1 K. HATS-6 is one of the lowest mass stars known to host a close-in gas giant planet, and its transits are among the deepest of any known transiting planet system. We discuss the follow-up opportunities afforded by this system, noting that despite the faintness of the host star, it is expected to have the highest K-band S/N transmission spectrum among known gas giant planets with T-eq < 750 K. In order to characterize the star we present a new set of empirical relations between the density, radius, mass, bolometric magnitude, and V-, J-, H-and K-band bolometric corrections for main sequence stars with M < 0.80 M-circle dot, or spectral types later than K5. These relations are calibrated using eclipsing binary components as well as members of resolved binary systems. We account for intrinsic scatter in the relations in a self-consistent manner. We show that from the transit-based stellar density alone it is possible to measure the mass and radius of a similar to 0.6 M-circle dot star to similar to 7 and similar to 2% precision, respectively. Incorporating additional information, such as the V - K color, or an absolute magnitude, allows the precision to be improved by up to a factor of two. C1 [Hartman, J. D.; Bakos, G. A.; Penev, K.; de Val-Borro, M.; Bhatti, W.; Csubry, Z.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bayliss, D.; Zhou, G.; Schmidt, B.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Brahm, R.; Jordan, A.; Rabus, M.; Espinoza, N.; Suc, V.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago, Chile. [Brahm, R.; Jordan, A.; Espinoza, N.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Mancini, L.; Rabus, M.; Ciceri, S.; Henning, T.; Csak, B.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Butler, R. P.; Arriagada, P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Shectman, S.; Crane, J.; Thompson, I.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Tan, T. G.] Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope, Perth, WA, Australia. [Noyes, R. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lazar, J.; Papp, I.; Sari, P.] Hungarian Astron Assoc, Budapest, Hungary. RP Hartman, JD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM jhartman@astro.princeton.edu RI Butler, Robert/B-1125-2009; OI Jordan, Andres/0000-0002-5389-3944; Penev, Kaloyan/0000-0003-4464-1371; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Bakos, Gaspar/0000-0001-7204-6727; Tan, Thiam-Guan/0000-0001-5603-6895; Hartman, Joel/0000-0001-8732-6166 FU NSF MRI [NSF/AST-0723074]; NASA [NNX09AB29G, NNX12AH91H, NNX14AE87G, NNX13AQ62G]; FONDECYT "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millenium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy [1130857, IC120009]; CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional; "Millenium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy [IC120009]; BASAL CATA PFB-06; FONDECYT postdoctoral fellowship [3120097]; ARC Laureate Fellowship Grant [FL0992131]; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund; SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; [NSF/AST-1108686] FX Development of the HATSouth project was funded by NSF MRI grant NSF/AST-0723074, operations have been supported by NASA grants NNX09AB29G and NNX12AH91H, and follow-up observations receive partial support from grant NSF/AST-1108686. J.H. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX14AE87G. K.P. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AQ62G. A.J. acknowledges support from FONDECYT project 1130857, BASAL CATA PFB-06, and project IC120009 "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millenium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy. R.B. and N.E. are supported by CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional. R.B. and N.E. acknowledge additional support from project IC120009 "Millenium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy. V.S. acknowledges support form BASAL CATA PFB-06. M.R. acknowledges support from FONDECYT postdoctoral fellowship 3120097. This work is based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Observatory. This paper also uses observations obtained with facilities of the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope. Work at the Australian National University is supported by ARC Laureate Fellowship Grant FL0992131. We acknowledge the use of the AAVSO Photometric All-sky Survey (APASS), funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund, and the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. Operations at the MPG 2.2 m Telescope are jointly performed by the Max Planck Gesellschaft and the European Southern Observatory. The imaging system GROND has been built by the high-energy group of MPE in collaboration with the LSW Tautenburg and ESO. We thank Regis Lachaume for his technical assistance during the observations at the MPG 2.2 m Telescope. We thank Helmut Steinle and Jochen Greiner for supporting the GROND observations presented in this manuscript. We are grateful to P. Sackett for her help in the early phase of the HATSouth project. NR 93 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 166 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/166 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200017 ER PT J AU Keel, WC Maksym, WP Bennert, VN Lintott, CJ Chojnowski, SD Moiseev, A Smirnova, A Schawinski, K Urry, CM Evans, DA Pancoast, A Scott, B Showley, C Flatland, K AF Keel, William C. Maksym, W. Peter Bennert, Vardha N. Lintott, Chris J. Chojnowski, S. Drew Moiseev, Alexei Smirnova, Aleksandrina Schawinski, Kevin Urry, C. Megan Evans, Daniel A. Pancoast, Anna Scott, Bryan Showley, Charles Flatland, Kelsi TI HST IMAGING OF FADING AGN CANDIDATES. I. HOST-GALAXY PROPERTIES AND ORIGIN OF THE EXTENDED GAS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (NGC 5792, NGC 5252, UGC 7342, UGC 11185, Mkn 1498) galaxies: interactions; galaxies: Seyfert ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; IONIZATION-CONE STRUCTURES; EMISSION-LINE REGIONS; NGC 5252; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; HANNYS VOORWERP; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; IC 2497; QUASAR AB We present narrow- and medium-band Hubble Space Telescope imaging, with additional supporting ground-based imaging, spectrophotometry, and Fabry-Perot interferometric data, for eight galaxies identified as hosting a fading active galactic nucleus (AGN). These are selected to have AGN-ionized gas projected > 10 kpc from the nucleus and energy budgets with a significant shortfall of ionizing radiation between the requirement to ionize the distant gas and the AGN as observed directly, indicating fading of the AGN on approximate to 50,000 yr timescales. This paper focuses on the host-galaxy properties and origin of the gas. In every galaxy, we identify evidence of ongoing or past interactions, including tidal tails, shells, and warped or chaotic dust structures; a similarly selected sample of obscured AGNs with extended ionized clouds shares this high incidence of disturbed morphologies. Several systems show multiple dust lanes in different orientations, broadly fit by differentially precessing disks of accreted material viewed similar to 1.5 Gyr after its initial arrival. The host systems are of early Hubble type; most show nearly pure de Vaucouleurs surface brightness profiles and Sersic indices appropriate for classical bulges, with one S0 and one SB0 galaxy. The gas has a systematically lower metallicity than the nuclei; three systems have abundances uniformly well below solar, consistent with an origin in tidally disrupted low-luminosity galaxies, while some systems have more nearly solar abundances (accompanied by such signatures as multiple Doppler components), which may suggest redistribution of gas by outflows within the host galaxies themselves. These aspects are consistent with a tidal origin for the extended gas in most systems, although the ionized gas and stellar tidal features do not always match closely. Unlike extended emission regions around many radio-loud AGNs, these clouds are kinematically dominated by rotation, in some cases in warped disks. Outflows can play important kinematic roles only in localized regions near some of the AGNs. We find only a few sets of young star clusters potentially triggered by AGN outflows. In UGC 7342 and UGC 11185, multiple luminous star clusters are seen just within the projected ionization cones, potentially marking star formation triggered by outflows. As in the discovery example, Hanny's Voorwerp/IC 2497, there are regions in these clouds where the lack of a strong correlation between Ha surface brightness and ionization parameter indicates that there is unresolved fine structure in the clouds. Together with thin coherent filaments spanning several kpc, persistence of these structures over their orbital lifetimes may require a role for magnetic confinement. Overall, we find that the sample of fading AGNs occur in interacting and merging systems, that the very extended ionized gas is composed of tidal debris rather than galactic winds, and that these host systems are bulge-dominated and show no strong evidence of triggered star formation in luminous clusters. C1 [Keel, William C.; Maksym, W. Peter] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Bennert, Vardha N.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Lintott, Chris J.] Univ Oxford, Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Chojnowski, S. Drew] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Moiseev, Alexei; Smirnova, Aleksandrina] Russian Acad Sci, Special Astrophys Observ, Nizhnii Arkhyz 369167, Russia. [Schawinski, Kevin] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Urry, C. Megan] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Evans, Daniel A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pancoast, Anna] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Scott, Bryan; Showley, Charles; Flatland, Kelsi] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Scott, Bryan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Showley, Charles] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Keel, WC (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM wkeel@ua.edu; wpmaksym@ua.edu; vbennert@calpoly.edu; cjl@astro.ox.ac.uk; kevin.schawinski@phys.ethz.ch RI Moiseev, Alexey/H-9391-2013; OI Maksym, Walter/0000-0002-2203-7889; Schawinski, Kevin/0000-0001-5464-0888; Urry, Meg/0000-0002-0745-9792; Keel, William/0000-0002-6131-9539 FU NASA [HST-GO-12525.01-A, HST-GO-12525.01-B]; Active Processes in Galactic and Extragalactic Objects basic research programme of the Department of Physical Sciences of the RAS [OFN-17]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation [N14.619.21.0004, RFMEFI61914X0004]; University of Alabama Research Stimulation Program; National Science Foundation (NSF) Research at Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) grant [AST-1312296]; Leverhulme Trust; STFC Science in Society Program; Dynasty Foundation; President of the Russian Federation [MD3623.2015.2]; NASA Einstein Fellowship at Yale; Swiss National Science Foundation [PP00P2 138979/1]; Jim Gray Research Fund from Microsoft; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This work was supported by NASA through STScI grants HST-GO-12525.01-A and -B. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank Linda Dressel for advice on setting up the observations, especially reducing intrusive reflections. Giles Novak provided useful pointers on magnetic fields in the ISM. Identification of this galaxy sample was possible through the efforts of nearly 200 Galaxy Zoo volunteers; we are grateful for their contributions, and thank once more the list of participants in Keel et al. (2012a). This work was partly supported by the Active Processes in Galactic and Extragalactic Objects basic research programme of the Department of Physical Sciences of the RAS OFN-17. The observations obtained with the 6 m telescope of the SAO of the RAS were carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (contract no. N14.619.21.0004, the project RFMEFI61914X0004). W.P. Maksym is grateful for support by the University of Alabama Research Stimulation Program. V.N. Bennert acknowledges assistance from a National Science Foundation (NSF) Research at Undergraduate Institutions (RUI) grant AST-1312296. Note that findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent views of the NSF. C.J. Lintott acknowledges funding from The Leverhulme Trust and the STFC Science in Society Program. A. Moiseev is also grateful for the financial support of the Dynasty Foundation and a grant from the President of the Russian Federation (MD3623.2015.2). K. Schawinski was supported by a NASA Einstein Fellowship at Yale, and gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation Grant PP00P2 138979/1. Galaxy Zoo was made possible by funding from a Jim Gray Research Fund from Microsoft and The Leverhulme Trust. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 155 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/155 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200006 ER PT J AU Landoni, M Massaro, F Paggi, A D'Abrusco, R Milisavljevic, D Masetti, N Smith, HA Tosti, G Chomiuk, L Strader, J Cheung, CC AF Landoni, M. Massaro, F. Paggi, A. D'Abrusco, R. Milisavljevic, D. Masetti, N. Smith, H. A. Tosti, G. Chomiuk, L. Strader, J. Cheung, C. C. TI OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF gamma-RAY BLAZAR CANDIDATES. III. THE 2013/2014 CAMPAIGN IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; ALL-SKY SURVEY; FERMI UNASSOCIATED SOURCES; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; RADIO PROPERTIES; DATA RELEASE; SAMPLE; COUNTERPARTS AB We report the results of our exploratory program carried out with the southern Astrophysical Research telescope aimed at associating counterparts and establishing the nature of the Fermi Unidentified gamma-ray Sources (UGSs). We selected the optical counterparts of six UGSs from the Fermi catalog on the basis of our recently discovered tight connection between infrared and gamma-ray emission found for the gamma-ray blazars detected by the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer in its all-sky survey. We perform for the first time a spectroscopic study of the low-energy counterparts of the Fermi UGSs, in the optical band, confirming the blazar-like nature of the whole sample. We also present new spectroscopic observations of six active galaxies of uncertain type associated with Fermi sources which appear to be BL Lac objects. Finally, we report the spectra collected for six known gamma-ray blazars belonging to the Roma BZCAT that were obtained to establish their nature or better estimate their redshifts. Two interesting cases of high redshift and extremely luminous BL Lac objects (z >= 1.18 and z >= 1.02, based on the detection of Mg II intervening systems) are also discussed. C1 [Landoni, M.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Landoni, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Landoni, M.; Paggi, A.; D'Abrusco, R.; Milisavljevic, D.; Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Massaro, F.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Massaro, F.] Univ Turin, Dipartmento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Masetti, N.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartmento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chomiuk, L.; Strader, J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Landoni, M (reprint author), Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, Via Emilio Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, Italy. EM marco.landoni@brera.inaf.it RI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/L-2767-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Paggi, Alessandro/C-1219-2017 OI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Paggi, Alessandro/0000-0002-5646-2410 FU NASA [NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G, DPR S-15633-Y]; NASA/JPL grant RSAs [1369566, 1369556, 1369565]; ASI/INAF [I/005/12/0]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX This investigation is supported by the NASA grants NNX12AO97G and NNX13AP20G. H.A.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA/JPL grant RSAs 1369566, 1369556, and 1369565. The work by G. Tosti is supported by the ASI/INAF contract I/005/12/0 while work by C.C.C. at NRL is supported in part by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. We are grateful to Dr. S. Points for his help to schedule, prepare, and perform the SOAR observations. Part of this work is based on archival data, software, or online services provided by the ASI Science Data Center. This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Molonglo Observatory site manager, Duncan Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, Jeff Webb, Michael White, and John Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing programme of SUMSS. The SUMSS survey is dedicated to Michael Large whose expertise and vision made the project possible. MOST is operated by the School of Physics with the support of the Australian Research Council and the Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the USNOFS Image and Catalogue Archive operated by the United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station (http://www.nofs.navy.mil/data/fchpix/). TOPCAT16 (Taylor 2005) for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 163 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/163 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200014 ER PT J AU Mainzer, A Grav, T Bauer, J Conrow, T Cutri, RM Dailey, J Fowler, J Giorgini, J Jarrett, T Masiero, J Spahr, T Statler, T Wright, EL AF Mainzer, A. Grav, T. Bauer, J. Conrow, T. Cutri, R. M. Dailey, J. Fowler, J. Giorgini, J. Jarrett, T. Masiero, J. Spahr, T. Statler, T. Wright, E. L. TI SURVEY SIMULATIONS OF A NEW NEAR-EARTH ASTEROID DETECTION SYSTEM SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; minor planets, asteroids: general; surveys; techniques: image processing; telescopes ID INFRARED-ASTRONOMICAL-SATELLITE; MIDCOURSE-SPACE-EXPERIMENT; MAIN BELT ASTEROIDS; THERMAL-MODEL CALIBRATION; MINOR PLANET SURVEY; ALL-SKY SURVEY; WISE/NEOWISE OBSERVATIONS; PHYSICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; SURVEY-EXPLORER; NEOWISE AB We have carried out simulations to predict the performance of a new space-based telescopic survey operating at thermal infrared wavelengths that seeks to discover and characterize a large fraction of the potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroid (NEA) population. Two potential architectures for the survey were considered: one located at the Earth-Sun L1 Lagrange point, and one in a Venus-trailing orbit. A sample cadence was formulated and tested, allowing for the self-follow-up necessary for objects discovered in the daytime sky on Earth. Synthetic populations of NEAs with sizes as small as 140 m in effective spherical diameter were simulated using recent determinations of their physical and orbital properties. Estimates of the instrumental sensitivity, integration times, and slew speeds were included for both architectures assuming the properties of newly developed large-format 10 mu m HgCdTe detector arrays capable of operating at similar to 35 K. Our simulation included the creation of a preliminary version of a moving object processing pipeline suitable for operating on the trial cadence. We tested this pipeline on a simulated sky populated with astrophysical sources such as stars and galaxies extrapolated from Spitzer Space Telescope and Wide-field Infrared Explorer data, the catalog of known minor planets (including Main Belt asteroids, comets, Jovian Trojans, planets, etc.), and the synthetic NEA model. Trial orbits were computed for simulated position-time pairs extracted from the synthetic surveys to verify that the tested cadence would result in orbits suitable for recovering objects at a later time. Our results indicate that the Earth-Sun L1 and Venus-trailing surveys achieve similar levels of integral completeness for potentially hazardous asteroids larger than 140 m; placing the telescope in an interior orbit does not yield an improvement in discovery rates. This work serves as a necessary first step for the detailed planning of a next-generation NEA survey. C1 [Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Giorgini, J.; Masiero, J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Grav, T.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Bauer, J.; Conrow, T.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; Fowler, J.; Jarrett, T.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Jarrett, T.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Spahr, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Minor Planet Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Statler, T.] Ohio Univ, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Statler, T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wright, E. L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mainzer, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. OI Masiero, Joseph/0000-0003-2638-720X; Cutri, Roc/0000-0002-0077-2305 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, and NEOWISE, which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. WISE and NEOWISE are funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the referee, Dr. Alan Harris of Pasadena, for helpful suggestions that greatly improved the manuscript. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work is based [in part] on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. NR 91 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 172 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/172 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200023 ER PT J AU Overbeek, JC Friel, ED Jacobson, HR Johnson, CI Pilachowski, CA Meszaros, S AF Overbeek, Jamie C. Friel, Eileen D. Jacobson, Heather R. Johnson, Christian I. Pilachowski, Catherine A. Meszaros, Szabolcs TI NGC 7789: AN OPEN CLUSTER CASE STUDY (vol 149, 15, 2015) SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Overbeek, Jamie C.; Friel, Eileen D.; Pilachowski, Catherine A.; Meszaros, Szabolcs] Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Jacobson, Heather R.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Johnson, Christian I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Overbeek, JC (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Swain West 319,727 East 3rd St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM joverbee@indiana.edu RI Meszaros, Szabolcs/N-2287-2014 OI Meszaros, Szabolcs/0000-0001-8237-5209 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 177 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/177 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200028 ER PT J AU Ricci, F Massaro, F Landoni, M D'Abrusco, R Milisavljevic, D Stern, D Masetti, N Paggi, A Smith, HA Tosti, G AF Ricci, F. Massaro, F. Landoni, M. D'Abrusco, R. Milisavljevic, D. Stern, D. Masetti, N. Paggi, A. Smith, Howard A. Tosti, G. TI OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF GAMMA-RAY BLAZAR CANDIDATES. IV. RESULTS OF THE 2014 FOLLOW-UP CAMPAIGN SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; ALL-SKY SURVEY; FERMI UNASSOCIATED SOURCES; SOURCE CATALOG; RADIO; COUNTERPARTS; SAMPLE; I. AB The extragalactic gamma-ray sky is dominated by the emission arising from blazars, one of the most peculiar classes of radio-loud active galaxies. Since the launch of Fermi several methods were developed to search for blazars as potential counterparts of unidentified gamma-ray sources (UGSs). To confirm the nature of the selected candidates, optical spectroscopic observations are necessary. In 2013 we started a spectroscopic campaign to investigate gamma-ray blazar candidates selected according to different procedures. The main goals of our campaign are: (1) to confirm the nature of these candidates, and (2) whenever possible, determine their redshifts. Optical spectroscopic observations will also permit us to verify the robustness of the proposed associations and check for the presence of possible source class contaminants to our counterpart selection. This paper reports the results of observations carried out in 2014 in the northern hemisphere with Kitt Peak National Observatory and in the southern hemisphere with the Southern Astrophysical Research telescopes. We also report three sources observed with the Magellan and Palomar telescopes. Our selection of blazar-like sources that could be potential counterparts of UGSs is based on their peculiar infrared colors and on their combination with radio observations both at high and low frequencies (i.e., above and below similar to 1 GHz) in publicly available large radio surveys. We present the optical spectra of 27 objects. We confirm the blazar-like nature of nine sources that appear to be potential low-energy counterparts of UGSs. Then we present new spectroscopic observations of 10 active galaxies of uncertain type associated with Fermi sources, classifying all of them as blazars. In addition, we present the spectra for five known gamma-ray blazars with uncertain redshift estimates and three BL Lac candidates that were observed during our campaign. We also report the case for WISE J173052.85-035247.2, candidate counterpart of the source 2FGL J1730.6-0353, which has no radio counterpart in the major radio surveys. We confirm that our selection of gamma-ray blazars candidates can successfully indentify low-energy counterparts to Fermi unassociated sources and allow us to discover new blazars. C1 [Ricci, F.] Univ Rome Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Ricci, F.; D'Abrusco, R.; Milisavljevic, D.; Paggi, A.; Smith, Howard A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Massaro, F.] Univ Turin, Dipartmento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Massaro, F.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Landoni, M.] Osservatorio Astronomico Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Masetti, N.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartmento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. RP Ricci, F (reprint author), Univ Rome Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy. EM riccif@fis.uniroma3.it RI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/L-2767-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Paggi, Alessandro/C-1219-2017; OI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Paggi, Alessandro/0000-0002-5646-2410; Ricci, Federica/0000-0001-5742-5980 FU NASA [NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G]; MIUR [PRIN 2010-2011, INAF-PRIN 2011]; NASA/JPL grant RSAs [1369566, 1369556, 1369565]; ASI/INAF [I/005/12/0]; National Science Foundation; Australian Research Council; Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney; NASA; NSF FX We are grateful to. D. Hammer and S. Points for their help scheduling, preparing, and performing the KPNO and the SOAR observations, respectively. We are grateful to F. La Franca for the fruitful discussions that significantly improved the paper. This investigation is supported by the NASA grants NNX12AO97G and NNX13AP20G. F. Ricci acknowledges the grants MIUR PRIN 2010-2011 and INAF-PRIN 2011. H. A. Smith acknowledges partial support from NASA/JPL grant RSAs 1369566, 1369556, and 1369565. The work by G. Tosti is supported by the ASI/INAF contract I/005/12/0. Part of this work is based on archival data, software or online services provided by the ASI Science Data Center. This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the NASA. Part of this work is based on the NVSS (NRAO VLA Sky Survey): the National Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation and on the VLA low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS). The Molonglo Observatory site manager, D. Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, J. Webb, M. White and J. Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing programme of SUMSS. The SUMSS survey is dedicated to M. Large whose expertise and vision made the project possible. The MOST is operated by the School of Physics with the support of the Australian Research Council and the Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA. This publication makes use of data products from the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and NSF. This research has made use of the USNOFS Image and Catalogue Archive operated by the United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station. 15 Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the NSF, the U.S. Department of Energy, NASA, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions.; r The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the JointInstitute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-PlanckInstitute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. The WENSS project was a collaboration between the Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy and the Leiden Observatory. We acknowledge the WENSS team consisted of G. de Bruyn, Y. Tang, R. Rengelink, G. Miley, H. Rottgering, M. Bremer, M. Bremer, W. Brouw, E. Raimond and D. Fullagar for the extensive work aimed at producing the WENSS catalog. TOPCAT16 (Taylor 2005) for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. The Aladin Java applet17 was used to create the finding charts reported in this paper (Bonnarel et al. 2000). It can be started from the CDS (Strasbourg, France), from the CFA (Harvard, USA), from the ADAC (Tokyo, Japan), from the IUCAA (Pune, India), from the UKADC (Cambridge, UK), or from the CADC (Victoria, Canada). NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 149 IS 5 AR 160 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/5/160 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH5HC UT WOS:000354065200011 ER PT J AU Heineman, KD Caballero, P Morris, A Velasquez, C Serrano, K Ramos, N Gonzalez, J Mayorga, L Corre, MD Dalling, JW AF Heineman, Katherine D. Caballero, Pedro Morris, Arturo Velasquez, Carmen Serrano, Kiria Ramos, Nelly Gonzalez, Jonathan Mayorga, Luis Corre, Marife D. Dalling, James W. TI Variation in Canopy Litterfall Along a Precipitation and Soil Fertility Gradient in a Panamanian Lower Montane Forest SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE ectomycorrhizal trees; environmental gradients; fertilization experiment; Fortuna Forest Reserve; nutrient limitation; tropical forest productivity; tropical forest seasonality; tropical montane forest ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; SEEDLING SURVIVAL; NITROGEN; PHOSPHORUS; BIOMASS; GROWTH; CARBON AB Fertilization experiments in tropical forests have shown that litterfall increases in response to the addition of one or more soil nutrients. However, the relationship between soil nutrient availability and litterfall is poorly defined along natural soil fertility gradients, especially in tropical montane forests. Here, we measured litterfall for two years in five lower montane 1-ha plots spanning a soil fertility and precipitation gradient in lower montane forest at Fortuna, Panama. Litterfall was also measured in a concurrent nitrogen fertilization experiment at one site. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to test for site (or treatment), year, and season effects on vegetative, reproductive and total litterfall. We predicted that total litterfall, and the ratio of reproductive to leaf litterfall, would increase with nutrient availability along the fertility gradient, and in response to nitrogen addition. We found that total annual litterfall varied substantially among 1-ha plots (4.78Mg/ha/yr to 7.96Mg/ha/yr), and all but the most aseasonal plot showed significant seasonality in litterfall. However, litterfall accumulation did not track soil nutrient availability; instead forest growing on relatively infertile soil, but dominated by an ectomycorrhizal tree species, had the highest total litterfall accumulation. In the fertilization plots, significantly more total litter fell in nitrogen addition relative to control plots, but this increase in response to nitrogen (13%) was small compared to variation observed among 1-ha plots. These results suggest that while litterfall at Fortuna is nutrient-limited, compositional and functional turnover along the fertility gradient obscure any direct relationship between soil resource availability and canopy productivity. Resumen Se demostro con experimentos de fertilizacion en bosques tropicales incrementos en la caida de hojarasca asociados con la adicion de nutrientes; empero, se desconoce la relacion entre la disponibilidad de nutrientes del suelo con la produccion de hojarasca en gradientes naturales de fertilidad del suelo, especialmente en bosques montanos tropicales. Medimos la produccion de hojarasca durante dos anos en cinco parcelas (1-ha) en bosques montanos bajos, sobre gradientes de fertilidad y precipitacion y en un experimento paralelo de fertilizacion de nitrogeno en la Reserva Forestal Fortuna, Panama. Predijimos incrementos de hojarasca total y reproductiva con la disponibilidad de nutrientes en el gradiente de fertilidad del suelo y en respuesta a la adicion de nitrogeno (13%). Encontramos que la hojarasca total varia sustancialmente entre parcelas (4.78 Mg/ha/yr hasta 7.96 Mg/ha/yr) y que en todas las parcelas, excepto la menos estacional, hay estacionalidad significativa en la cantidad de hojarasca; pero, la acumulacion de hojarasca no coincide con la disponibilidad de nutrientes en el suelo, porque el bosque sobre suelo poco fertil con dominio de una especie ectomicorricica, presento mayor acumulacion de hojarasca. Las parcelas con fertilizacion tenian significativamente mas hojarasca que las control; pero, el incremento en hojarasca en respuesta a la adicion de nitrogeno fue menor respecto a la variacion entre parcelas. Los resultados sugieren que mientras la produccion de hojarasca en Fortuna es limitada por nutrientes, la variacion en la composicion de especies a traves de gradientes de fertilidad ocultan cualquier relacion directa entre la disponibilidad de nutrientes del suelo y la productividad del dosel. C1 [Heineman, Katherine D.; Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Heineman, Katherine D.; Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Caballero, Pedro; Morris, Arturo; Velasquez, Carmen; Serrano, Kiria; Ramos, Nelly; Gonzalez, Jonathan; Mayorga, Luis] Univ Autonoma Chiriqui, Dept Biol, David, Panama. [Corre, Marife D.] Univ Gottingen, Soil Sci Trop & Subtrop Ecosyst, Busgen Inst, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Dalling, James W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Heineman, KD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM kheineman@life.illinois.edu FU Government of Panama's Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion (SENACYT) [COLO08]; Robert Bosch Foundation (Germany); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) [Co 749/1-1] FX We thank the Government of Panama's Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion (SENACYT) for providing financial support for this project through the international research collaboration grant COLO08. The NITROF experiment was funded by the Robert Bosch Foundation (Germany) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation, Co 749/1-1). ENEL Greenpower and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute provided logistic support and housing at Fortuna and the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM) provided research permits to undertake the study. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD MAY PY 2015 VL 47 IS 3 BP 300 EP 309 DI 10.1111/btp.12214 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH4GZ UT WOS:000353993300006 ER PT J AU Remo, JL AF Remo, John L. TI The dilemma of nuclear energy in space SO BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS LA English DT Article DE asteroids; comets; Fermi paradox; near-Earth object; NEO; nuclear explosives ID METEORITE AB Nuclear energy, used in weapons as well as for electricity generation, has the potential to destroy life on Earth. But it also has the potential to save life as we know it. Currently, nuclear explosives are the only technology with the capability to deflect, on relatively short notice, a large asteroid fragment or comet headed for a collision with Earth. However, a number of international treaties prohibit the use of nuclear explosives in space. The peaceful and critically effective use of nuclear energy to prevent a civilization-threatening collision is at odds with its potential for inducing a catastrophic thermonuclear war on Earth. The author uses the Fermi paradoxif there are extraterrestrial civilizations in our galaxy, why haven't they communicated with us?to examine the dichotomy of whether nuclear explosives are a barrier or a path to long-term human survival. C1 [Remo, John L.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Remo, John L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Remo, John L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Remo, JL (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0096-3402 EI 1938-3282 J9 B ATOM SCI JI Bull. Atom. Scient. PD MAY-JUN PY 2015 VL 71 IS 3 BP 38 EP 45 DI 10.1177/0096340215581359 PG 8 WC International Relations; Social Issues SC International Relations; Social Issues GA CH4TC UT WOS:000354024800007 ER PT J AU Fleming, CH Fagan, WF Mueller, T Olson, KA Leimgruber, P Calabrese, JM AF Fleming, C. H. Fagan, W. F. Mueller, T. Olson, K. A. Leimgruber, P. Calabrese, J. M. TI Rigorous home range estimation with movement data: a new autocorrelated kernel density estimator SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE autocorrelation; Brownian bridge; home range; kernel density; minimum convex polygon; Mongolian gazelle, Procapra gutturosa; tracking data; utilization distribution ID SQUARES CROSS-VALIDATION; ANIMAL MOVEMENTS; TELEMETRY DATA; SPACE USE; INDEPENDENCE; SCALE; SIZE; TIME AB Quantifying animals' home ranges is a key problem in ecology and has important conservation and wildlife management applications. Kernel density estimation (KDE) is a workhorse technique for range delineation problems that is both statistically efficient and nonparametric. KDE assumes that the data are independent and identically distributed (IID). However, animal tracking data, which are routinely used as inputs to KDEs, are inherently autocorrelated and violate this key assumption. As we demonstrate, using realistically autocorrelated data in conventional KDEs results in grossly underestimated home ranges. We further show that the performance of conventional KDEs actually degrades as data quality improves, because autocorrelation strength increases as movement paths become more finely resolved. To remedy these flaws with the traditional KDE method, we derive an autocorrelated KDE (AKDE) from first principles to use autocorrelated data, making it perfectly suited for movement data sets. We illustrate the vastly improved performance of AKDE using analytical arguments, relocation data from Mongolian gazelles, and simulations based upon the gazelle's observed movement process. By yielding better minimum area estimates for threatened wildlife populations, we believe that future widespread use of AKDE will have significant impact on ecology and conservation biology. C1 [Fleming, C. H.; Mueller, T.; Olson, K. A.; Leimgruber, P.; Calabrese, J. M.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Fleming, C. H.; Fagan, W. F.; Mueller, T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mueller, T.] Senckenberg Gesell Naturforsch, Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Mueller, T.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Biol Sci, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Fleming, CH (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk,1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM flemingc@si.edu RI Calabrese, Justin/B-9131-2012; Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015 OI Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [ABI 1062411]; Robert Bosch Foundation; Smithsonian Institution FX The project was funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation ABI 1062411. T. Mueller was funded by the Robert Bosch Foundation. C. H. Fleming was funded by a Smithsonian Institution postdoctoral fellowship. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 12 U2 77 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAY PY 2015 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1182 EP 1188 DI 10.1890/14-2010.1 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH6BB UT WOS:000354119300004 PM 26236833 ER PT J AU He, Q Altieri, AH Cui, BS AF He, Qiang Altieri, Andrew H. Cui, Baoshan TI Herbivory drives zonation of stress-tolerant marsh plants SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coastal wetlands; competition; consumer control; crab grazing; distribution patterns; plant interactions; Salicornia europaea; salinity and waterlogging; salt marsh; Suaeda salsa; Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, China ID ENGLAND SALT-MARSH; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; SALICORNIA-EUROPAEA; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; BIOTIC INTERACTIONS; SALINITY GRADIENT; PHYSICAL FACTORS; SUAEDA-SALSA; BRENT GEESE AB Ecological studies of plant distributions along environmental gradients, such as plant zonation in salt marshes, have primarily focused on abiotic stress and plant interactions (competition and facilitation). A decades-old paradigm is that the stressful and benign boundaries of salt marsh plants are determined by abiotic stress and competition, respectively. Although consumers have long been recognized as mediating algal and sessile animal zonation in the rocky intertidal, their role in generating plant zonation in salt marshes remains largely unexplored. We examined the zonation of two annual succulents, Salicornia europaea and Suaeda salsa, along an elevation gradient in a northern Chinese salt marsh, with and without manipulating the common herbivorous crab Helice tientsinensis. Salicornia occupies waterlogged, low-salinity habitats, whereas Suaeda dominates non-waterlogged, hypersaline habitats at higher elevations. We first conducted a pot experiment crossing salinity, waterlogging, and competition, followed by a field experiment with removal of competitors, and found that neither waterlogging nor salinity stress explained the absence of either species from the other's zone, while Suaeda competitively excluded Salicornia from the upper nonwater-logged zone. We then conducted field and lab herbivory experiments, which showed that Helice preferentially grazed Suaeda at waterlogged low elevations and that Helice grazing on Suaeda increased with waterlogging. These results reveal that while competition plays a role in the zonation by excluding Salicornia from the upper Suaeda zone, crab grazing limits the success of Suaeda in the lower Salicornia zone. These findings challenge the idea that plant interactions and abiotic stress are sufficient to explain marsh zonation in all cases, and highlight an overlooked role of consumers, a role potentially general across diverse intertidal ecosystems. Future models of plant distributions should consider how consumer pressure interacts with plant interactions and abiotic stress across environmental gradients. C1 [He, Qiang; Cui, Baoshan] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Altieri, Andrew H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Cui, BS (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM cuibs@bnu.edu.cn RI He, Qiang/G-2012-2011 OI He, Qiang/0000-0001-6481-0924 FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2013CB430406]; China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists [51125035]; National Science Foundation for Innovative Research Group [51121003] FX M. D. Bertness and B. R. Silliman provided comments and edits. F. Meng, Y. Cai, and X. Shao provided field and lab assistance. Comments by the editor and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB430406), China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (51125035), and National Science Foundation for Innovative Research Group (51121003). NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 75 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAY PY 2015 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1318 EP 1328 DI 10.1890/14-0937.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH6BB UT WOS:000354119300016 PM 26236845 ER PT J AU Cunning, R Vaughan, N Gillette, P Capo, TR Mate, JL Baker, AC AF Cunning, R. Vaughan, N. Gillette, P. Capo, T. R. Mate, J. L. Baker, A. C. TI Dynamic regulation of partner abundance mediates response of reef coral symbioses to environmental change SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE benefits and costs; context dependence; coral; density dependence; dinoflagellates; mutualism; optimality model; Pocillopora damicorni; population dynamics; Symbiodinium; symbiosis ID SYMBIODINIUM-MICROADRIATICUM; INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS; STYLOPHORA-PISTILLATA; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; THERMALLY TOLERANT; ALGAL SYMBIONTS; POPULATION; ZOOXANTHELLAE; DENSITY AB Regulating partner abundance may allow symbiotic organisms to mediate interaction outcomes, facilitating adaptive responses to environmental change. To explore the capacity for adaptive regulation in an ecologically important endosymbiosis, we studied the population dynamics of symbiotic algae in reef-building corals under different abiotic contexts. We found high natural variability in symbiont abundance in corals across reefs, but this variability converged to different symbiont-specific abundances when colonies were maintained under constant conditions. When conditions changed seasonally, symbiont abundance readjusted to new equilibria. We explain these patterns using an a priori model of symbiotic costs and benefits to the coral host, which shows that the observed changes in symbiont abundance are consistent with the maximization of interaction benefit under different environmental conditions. These results indicate that, while regulating symbiont abundance helps hosts sustain maximum benefit in a dynamic environment, spatiotemporal variation in abiotic factors creates a broad range of symbiont abundances (and interaction outcomes) among corals that may account for observed natural variability in performance (e.g., growth rate) and stress tolerance (e.g., bleaching susceptibility). This cost or benefit framework provides a new perspective on the dynamic regulation of reef coral symbioses and illustrates that the dependence of interaction outcomes on biotic and abiotic contexts may be important in understanding how diverse mutualisms respond to environmental change. C1 [Cunning, R.; Vaughan, N.; Gillette, P.; Capo, T. R.; Baker, A. C.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Marine Biol & Ecol, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Mate, J. L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Baker, A. C.] Marine Program, Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. RP Cunning, R (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, POB 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. EM ross.cunning@gmail.com FU NSF [OCE-0527184]; Pew Fellowship in Marine Conservation; University of Miami Fellowship; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship FX We thank the STRI Marine Environmental Science Program for temperature data, and the UMCRF staff for maintaining corals. R. Silverstein, P. Jones, X. Serrano, R. Winter, A. Palacio, P. Kushlan, Q. Devlin, and S. McIlroy provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Support was provided by NSF (OCE-0527184) and a Pew Fellowship in Marine Conservation to A. C. Baker. R. Cunning was supported by a University of Miami Fellowship and a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 59 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAY PY 2015 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1411 EP 1420 DI 10.1890/14-0449.1 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH6BB UT WOS:000354119300024 PM 26236853 ER PT J AU Munk, Y Yanoviak, SP Koehl, MAR Dudley, R AF Munk, Yonatan Yanoviak, Stephen P. Koehl, M. A. R. Dudley, Robert TI The descent of ant: field-measured performance of gliding ants SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aerodynamics; Arboreal ants; Rainforest; Biomechanics; Particle filter ID DIRECTED AERIAL DESCENT; CEPHALOTES-ATRATUS; FLYING LIZARDS; CANOPY ANTS; PEA APHIDS; EVOLUTION; ORIGINS; MANEUVERABILITY; LOCOMOTION; BEHAVIOR AB Gliding ants avoid predatory attacks and potentially mortal consequences of dislodgement from rainforest canopy substrates by directing their aerial descent towards nearby tree trunks. The ecologically relevant measure of performance for gliding ants is the ratio of net horizontal to vertical distance traveled over the course of a gliding trajectory, or glide index. To study variation in glide index, we measured three-dimensional trajectories of Cephalotes atratus ants gliding in natural rainforest habitats. We determined that righting phase duration, glide angle, and path directness all significantly influence variation in glide index. Unsuccessful landing attempts result in the ant bouncing off its target and being forced to make a second landing attempt. Our results indicate that ants are not passive gliders and that they exert active control over the aerodynamic forces they experience during their descent, despite their apparent lack of specialized control surfaces. C1 [Munk, Yonatan] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Munk, Yonatan; Koehl, M. A. R.; Dudley, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yanoviak, Stephen P.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Dudley, Robert] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Munk, Y (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM yomunk@uw.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0837866, IOS-0843120]; Virginia G. and Robert E. Gill Chair FX This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (IOS-0837866 to R.D. and IOS-0843120 to S.P.Y.), and the Virginia G. and Robert E. Gill Chair to M.A.R.K. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 EI 1477-9145 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 218 IS 9 BP 1393 EP 1401 DI 10.1242/jeb.106914 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CH5ZV UT WOS:000354115800020 PM 25788722 ER PT J AU Gregoric, M Kuntner, M Blackledge, TA AF Gregoric, M. Kuntner, M. Blackledge, T. A. TI Does body size predict foraging effort? Patterns of material investment in spider orb webs SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE foraging investment; allometry; phylogenetic allometry; behavioral plasticity; behavioral compensation; trade-off; Zygiella ID ZYGIELLA-X-NOTATA; BUILDING BEHAVIOR; WEAVING SPIDERS; ARANEAE-ARANEIDAE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; STATIC ALLOMETRY; METABOLIC-RATES; PREY VARIATION; BLACK-WIDOW; BARRIER WEB AB Body size affects almost all aspects of animals' resource use, and its scaling syntheses are well established in most biological fields. In contrast, how behavioral variation scales with body size is understudied. Understanding how body size influences behavior is important as behavior responds more readily to natural selection than many other traits, and foraging effort is a critical behavioral trait. Web spiders are good models for studying foraging effort because webs are physical records of behaviors. Variability in web architectures is well documented, but how spider size scales with foraging effort and web performance is virtually unknown. Here, we investigate behavioral allometry at three phylogenetic scales - broadly across orb-weaving spiders, among a recent radiation of species, and among individuals within species. Conducting a meta-analysis across a wide range of orb weavers, we investigate how foraging effort scales with body size by measuring effort as the volumes of the three silk gland secretions used for building orb webs. We show that volumes of web material scale negatively allometrically with body size, and suggest silk investment is an important limiting factor in evolution of web performance and body size. To assess whether such broad evolutionary trends exist at finer phylogenetic scales, we investigated how foraging effort scales with body size in a group of five closely related Zygiella s.l. species (Araneidae). We find that the general scaling pattern across orb weavers is only partially confirmed. Finally, we examine patterns among individuals within each of the Zygiella species. We find different patterns of silk use in relation to body size, and show that both web architecture and silk investment need to be quantified to estimate total foraging effort. In conclusion, we find support for the prediction that behavioral traits scale differently to body size at different phylogenetic scales and at the individual level. C1 [Gregoric, M.; Kuntner, M.] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Biol, Ctr Sci Res, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Gregoric, M.; Blackledge, T. A.] Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Gregoric, M.; Blackledge, T. A.] Univ Akron, Integrated Biosci Program, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Kuntner, M.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Kuntner, M.] Hubei Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Gregoric, M (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM matjaz.gregoric@gmail.com FU Slovenian Research Agency [P1-0236, J1-2063]; National Science Foundation FX We thank T. Knapic, L. Rozman and M. Turjak for their help in the field, and A. Sensenig for providing raw data of already published work. We thank T. Gondek, A. Sensenig and J. Duff for their laboratory and logistic help, and S. Kralj-Fiser and C.P. Liao for help in statistics, as well as two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This research was funded by the Slovenian Research Agency (grants P1-0236, J1-2063 to M.K.) and National Science Foundation ( grants to T.A.B.). NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0952-8369 EI 1469-7998 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 296 IS 1 BP 67 EP 78 DI 10.1111/jzo.12219 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CH4WV UT WOS:000354034900009 ER PT J AU Marchand, THJ AF Marchand, Trevor H. J. TI 'IT'S IN OUR BLOOD': MALI'S GRIOTS AND MUSICAL ENSKILMENT SO AFRICA LA English DT Article AB Film review of Da Kali: the pledge of the art of the griot (2013, 86 minutes) and D Farala A Kan: something has been added (2013, 69 minutes). French and Bamanankan, with English subtitles. Directed by Lucy Duran, edited by Michele Banal, and made with assistance from Lassana Diabate. C1 [Marchand, Trevor H. J.] Univ London, Social Anthropol, SOAS, London WC1E 7HU, England. RP Marchand, THJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Mud Masons Mali, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM tm6@soas.ac.uk NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0001-9720 EI 1750-0184 J9 AFRICA JI Africa PD MAY PY 2015 VL 85 IS 2 BP 356 EP 364 DI 10.1017/S0001972015000054 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Area Studies SC Anthropology; Area Studies GA CG7SJ UT WOS:000353505000008 ER PT J AU Schultz, TR Sosa-Calvo, J Brady, SG Lopes, CT Mueller, UG Bacci, M Vasconcelos, HL AF Schultz, Ted R. Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey Brady, Sean G. Lopes, Caue T. Mueller, Ulrich G. Bacci, Mauricio, Jr. Vasconcelos, Heraldo L. TI The Most Relictual Fungus-Farming Ant Species Cultivates the Most Recently Evolved and Highly Domesticated Fungal Symbiont Species SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE Attini; coevolution; fungus-farming ants; Leucocoprineae; symbiosis ID LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; GROWING ANTS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; CUTTER ANTS; ATTINE ANT; BACTERIA; FORMICIDAE; COEVOLUTION; EVOLUTION; PSEUDONOCARDIA AB Fungus-farming (attine) ant agriculture is made up of five known agricultural systems characterized by remarkable symbiont fidelity in which five phylogenetic groups of ants faithfully cultivate five phylogenetic groups of fungi. Here we describe the first case of a lower-attine ant cultivating a higher-attine fungus based on our discovery of a Brazilian population of the relictual fungus-farming ant Apterostigma megacephala, known previously from four stray specimens from Peru and Colombia. We find that A. megacephala is the sole surviving representative of an ancient lineage that diverged similar to 39 million years ago, very early in the similar to 55-million-year evolution of fungus-farming ants. Contrary to all previously known patterns of ant-fungus symbiont fidelity, A. megacephala cultivates Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, a highly domesticated fungal cultivar that originated only 2-8 million years ago in the gardens of the highly derived and recently evolved (similar to 12 million years ago) leaf-cutting ants. Because no other lower fungus-farming ant is known to cultivate any of the higher-attine fungi, let alone the leaf-cutter fungus, A. megacephala may provide important clues about the biological mechanisms constraining the otherwise seemingly obligate ant-fungus associations that characterize attine ant agriculture. C1 [Schultz, Ted R.; Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey; Brady, Sean G.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Maryland Ctr Systemat Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lopes, Caue T.; Vasconcelos, Heraldo L.] Univ Fed Uberlandia, Inst Biol, BR-38405320 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. [Mueller, Ulrich G.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bacci, Mauricio, Jr.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Estudos Insetos Sociais, BR-13506900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Schultz, TR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NHB 169, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM schultzt@si.edu; sossajef@si.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0949689]; National Museum of Natural History (NMNH); Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Program; NMNH; Cosmos Club Foundation; NSF [DEB-0919519]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2011/50226-0]; CNPq [311562/2012-4, 487639/2012-0] FX We are grateful to R. C. F. Brandao and R. Rosa da Silva for alerting us to the occurrence of Apterostigma megacephala in Carajas; to F. Drumond Martins and E. Esteves of Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) at Floresta Nacional de Carajas for their help and guidance; and to E. Okonski for collections and research support. For permission to conduct field research, we thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq; Processo EXC 039/07; Portarias 267-359), the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis (IBAMA), and the ICMBio (permits 14789-1, 14789-2). T.R.S. and J.S.-C. were supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant DEB-0949689 and the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) Small Grants program; T.R.S. by the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Program; J.S.-C. by an NMNH Peter Buck Predoctoral Fellowship and a Max and Vera Britton Environmental Science Award (Cosmos Club Foundation); U.G.M. by NSF DEB-0919519; and M.B. by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP; 2011/50226-0) and CNPq (311562/2012-4 and 487639/2012-0). NR 86 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 16 U2 44 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0003-0147 EI 1537-5323 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 185 IS 5 BP 693 EP 703 DI 10.1086/680501 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CG7BH UT WOS:000353456600015 PM 25905511 ER PT J AU Sanna, A Menten, KM Carrasco-Gonzalez, C Reid, MJ Ellingsen, SP Brunthaler, A Moscadelli, L Cesaroni, R Krishnan, V AF Sanna, A. Menten, K. M. Carrasco-Gonzalez, C. Reid, M. J. Ellingsen, S. P. Brunthaler, A. Moscadelli, L. Cesaroni, R. Krishnan, V. TI THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE STRONGEST GALACTIC METHANOL MASER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ISM: kinematics and dynamics; masers; stars: formation; stars: individual (G009.62+00.20); techniques: high angular resolution ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES; PERIODIC VARIABILITY; COMPLEX G9.62+0.19; MASSIVE STARS; CORE; HOT; EMISSION; OUTFLOW; FLARES AB The high-mass star-forming site G009.62+00.20 E hosts the 6.7 GHz methanol maser source with the greatest flux density in the Galaxy which has been flaring periodically over the last 10 yr. We performed high-resolution astrometric measurements of the CH3OH, H2O, and OH maser emission and 7 mm continuum in the region. The radio continuum emission was resolved in two sources separated by 1300 AU. The CH3OH maser cloudlets are distributed along two north-south ridges of emission to the east and west of the strongest radio continuum component. This component likely pinpoints a massive young stellar object which heats up its dusty envelope, providing a constant IR pumping for the Class II CH3OH maser transitions. We suggest that the periodic maser activity may be accounted for by an independent, pulsating, IR radiation field provided by a bloated protostar in the vicinity of the brightest masers. We also report the discovery of an elliptical distribution of CH3OH maser emission in the region of periodic variability. C1 [Sanna, A.; Menten, K. M.; Carrasco-Gonzalez, C.; Brunthaler, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Carrasco-Gonzalez, C.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Reid, M. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ellingsen, S. P.; Krishnan, V.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Moscadelli, L.; Cesaroni, R.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. RP Sanna, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. EM asanna@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de RI Ellingsen, Simon/J-7754-2014; OI Ellingsen, Simon/0000-0002-1363-5457; Moscadelli, Luca/0000-0002-8517-8881; Cesaroni, Riccardo/0000-0002-2430-5103 FU ERC Advanced Grant GLOSTAR [247078]; Commonwealth of Australia FX Comments from an anonymous referee are gratefully acknowledged. This work has been supported by the ERC Advanced Grant GLOSTAR under grant agreement No. 247078. This work made use of the Swinburne University of Technology software correlator, developed as part of the Australian Major National Research Facilities Programme and operated under licence. The Australia Telescope Compact Array (/Parkes radio telescope/Mopra radio telescope/Long Baseline Array) is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. The VLBA and JVLA are operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). The NRAO is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR L2 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L2 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH1YK UT WOS:000353819400002 ER PT J AU van Dokkum, PG Romanowsky, AJ Abraham, R Brodie, JP Conroy, C Geha, M Merritt, A Villaume, A Zhang, JL AF van Dokkum, Pieter G. Romanowsky, Aaron J. Abraham, Roberto Brodie, Jean P. Conroy, Charlie Geha, Marla Merritt, Allison Villaume, Alexa Zhang, Jielai TI SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION OF THE EXISTENCE OF LARGE, DIFFUSE GALAXIES IN THE COMA CLUSTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (Coma); galaxies: evolution; galaxies: structure ID SURFACE BRIGHTNESS GALAXIES; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DWARF GALAXIES; LOCAL GROUP; EVOLUTION; PROFILES; FEEDBACK; DENSITY; SYSTEMS AB We recently identified a population of low surface brightness objects in the field of the Z = 0.023 Coma cluster, using the Dragonfly Telephoto Array. Here we present Keck spectroscopy of one of the largest of these "ultradiffuse galaxies" (UDGs), confirming that it is a member of the cluster. The galaxy has prominent absorption features, including the Ca H+K lines and the G-band, and no detected emission lines. Its radial velocity of cz = 6280 +/- 120 km s(-1) is within the 1 sigma velocity dispersion of the Coma cluster. The galaxy has an effective radius of 4.3 +/- 0.3 kpc and a Sersic index of 0.89 +/- 0.06, as measured from Keck imaging. We find no indications of tidal tails or other distortions, at least out to a radius of similar to 2r(e). We show that UDGs are located in a previously sparsely populated region of the size magnitude plane of quiescent stellar systems, as they are similar to 6 mag fainter than normal early-type galaxies of the same size. It appears that the luminosity distribution of large quiescent galaxies is not continuous, although this could largely be due to selection effects. Dynamical measurements are needed to determine whether the dark matter halos of UDGs are similar to those of galaxies with the same luminosity or to those of galaxies with the same size. C1 [van Dokkum, Pieter G.; Geha, Marla; Merritt, Allison] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Romanowsky, Aaron J.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Romanowsky, Aaron J.; Brodie, Jean P.; Villaume, Alexa] Univ Calif Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Abraham, Roberto; Zhang, Jielai] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Conroy, Charlie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP van Dokkum, PG (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. OI Villaume, Alexa/0000-0003-1887-0621; Zhang, Jielai/0000-0001-5310-4186 FU NSF [AST-1312376, AST-1109878, AST-1211995]; Dunlap Institute; University of Toronto FX The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. We thank Nicola Pastorello for an independent check of the redshift measurement. Support from NSF grants AST-1312376, AST-1109878, and AST-1211995 is gratefully acknowledged. We also acknowledge the support of the Dunlap Institute, funded through an endowment established by the David Dunlap family and the University of Toronto. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 804 IS 1 AR L26 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L26 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH1YK UT WOS:000353819400026 ER PT J AU Zuo, YJ Wen, J Ma, JS Zhou, SL AF Zuo, Yun-Juan Wen, Jun Ma, Jin-Shuang Zhou, Shi-Liang TI Evolutionary radiation of the Panax bipinnatifidus species complex (Araliaceae) in the Sino-Himalayan region of eastern Asia as inferred from AFLP analysis SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Araliaceae; evolutionary radiation; geographic isolation; Panax; Panax bipinnatifidus; Sino-Himalayan region ID QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENE FLOW; ASTERACEAE; DNA; NUCLEAR; PLANTS; SEQUENCES AB The Panax bipinnatifidus species complex (P. bipinnatifidus and its close relatives) in the Sino-Himalayan region has been taxonomically difficult. Evolutionary analyses using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were carried out on 125 individuals representing 11 populations of the P. bipinnatifidus species complex and one population of P. stipuleanatus Tsai & Feng as an outgroup. The populations from the eastern Himalayan region, sampled from Nepal and eastern Tibet, formed two main groups in the neighbor-joining and split network analyses. The Pailong population (Tibet-PL) in eastern Tibet showed a highly distinct AFLP profile and was placed as the most basally branched group in the neighbor-joining tree. The remaining Himalayan populations showed three subgroups: the Nepal-HB and Nepal-HS subgroup, the Nepal HH subgroup, and the Tibet-BY subgroup. The three Himalayan subgroups had very limited gene flow among them and showed subtle morphological differences. The populations in eastern, central, and western China showed clear geographic patterns and can be sorted into several geographical groups. Each major group in the species complex has strong bootstrap support, but relationships among them are poorly resolved, which is consistent with a pattern of evolutionary radiation. The strong geographic grouping, high Nei's population differentiation index, and limited gene flow among populations in different regions support the importance of geographic isolation in the diversification of the P. bipinnatifidus species complex in the Sino-Himalayan region. C1 [Zuo, Yun-Juan; Ma, Jin-Shuang] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Chenshan Bot Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Sci Res Ctr, Shanghai 201602, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zhou, Shi-Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, SL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. EM wenj@si.edu; slzhou@ibcas.ac.cn FU Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30370154]; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation FX This work was supported by a collaborative grant from the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, a National Natural Science Foundation of China grant (Grant No. 30370154) to S. L. Zhou, and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to J. Wen. The authors are grateful to K. J. Malla, Z. L. Nie, Hang Sun, and Sugong Wu for their assistances during the sample collections. We also thank Professor Jian-Quan Liu for constructive comments. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 53 IS 3 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.1111/jse.12119 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CH4IO UT WOS:000353997400002 ER PT J AU Harris, AJ Lutz, S Acevedo, P Wen, J AF Harris, A. J. Lutz, Sue Acevedo, Pedro Wen, Jun TI The utility of the morphological variation of pollen for resolving the evolutionary history of Billia (subfam. Hippocastanoideae, Sapindaceae) SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Aesculus; Billia; buckeyes; Hippocastanaceae; Hippocastanoideae; horsechestnuts; pollen; Sapindaceae ID AESCULUS L.; DNA-SEQUENCES; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENY; ORIGIN; FAMILY; GENUS AB In this study, we examined the utility of pollen morphology for resolving questions about the evolutionary history of Billia, which is a poorly known genus of Neotropical trees. Billia has been traditionally circumscribed with two species and treated as sister to Aesculus L. However, the number of species in Billia is uncertain, because the genus exhibits abundant morphological diversity but little discontinuous variation. Therefore, Billia may be monotypic and highly polymorphic, or it may have two species with blurred boundaries due to incipient speciation and/or hybridization. Moreover, one recent molecular phylogenetic study shows Billia nested within Aesculus. Our work sought to address the following questions: (i) Are there discontinuities in the pollen of Billia that may suggest species boundaries? (ii) Does the pollen of Billia show evidence for inter-specific hybridization? (iii) Do the exine morphology and size of pollen in Billia differ from those in Aesculus? Our results from scanning electron microscopy showed that pollen exine morphology is not taxonomically informative in Billia but that there are significant differences in pollen size between red- and white-flowered individuals. Thus, our pollen data support the utility of flower color in Billia for species delimitation. Our assessments of pollen viability do not support hybridization in the genus, but cannot be used to rule it out. Finally, pollen exine morphology may lend some support to an evolutionary origin of Billia within eastern North American Aesculus. In contrast, data on pollen size suggest that Billia may belong in a topological position outside of Aesculus. C1 [Harris, A. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Phys Sci 301, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. [Lutz, Sue; Acevedo, Pedro; Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Harris, AJ (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Phys Sci 301, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. EM aj.harris@okstate.edu NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 53 IS 3 BP 228 EP 238 DI 10.1111/jse.12130 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CH4IO UT WOS:000353997400004 ER PT J AU Lu, YJ Chen, C Wang, RH Egan, AN Fu, CX AF Lu, Yi-Jun Chen, Chuan Wang, Rui-Hong Egan, Ashley N. Fu, Cheng-Xin TI Effects of domestication on genetic diversity in Chimonanthus praecox: Evidence from chloroplast DNA and amplified fragment length polymorphism data SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE AFLP; Chimonanthus praecox; cpDNA; domestication; geographic origin ID BARLEY HORDEUM-VULGARE; CULTIVATED RICE; CROP DOMESTICATION; ORYZA-RUFIPOGON; WILD RELATIVES; AFLP ANALYSIS; ORIGIN; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; MARKERS; POPULATIONS AB Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link is a widely cultivated endemic winter-flowering plant in China that has a long cultivation history. Genetic diversity and genetic structure were compared between wild and cultivated groups to reveal the geographic origin of the cultivated genotypes using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Nine haplotypes were identified using three combined chloroplast fragments. Based on chloroplast data, the wild group showed greater genetic variation and genetic differentiation and a lower measure of gene flow compared to the cultivated group. The AFLP markers also supported this trend. More than 40% of the cpDNA haplotypes were shared between wild and cultivated groups, with shared haplotypes originating from multiple wild populations, suggesting multiple origins of cultivated plants. Moreover, principal coordinate analysis, UPGMA, and structure analysis of AFLP markers revealed that two wild populations clustered with most of the cultivated populations of Ch. praecox, suggesting that most of the cultivated populations mainly originated from these two populations. The combined cpDNA and AFLP results indicated that modern cultivated Ch. praecox experienced multiple events of origin involving two geographic origins, eastern China (Tianmu Mountain) and southwestern China (the border of Hunan-Guangxi-Sichuan-Guizhou). C1 [Lu, Yi-Jun; Wang, Rui-Hong; Fu, Cheng-Xin] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Conservat Biol Endangered Wildlife, Minist Educ, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yi-Jun; Chen, Chuan] Hangzhou Bot Garden, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Egan, Ashley N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Natl Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Fu, CX (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Conservat Biol Endangered Wildlife, Minist Educ, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM cxfu@zju.edu.cn FU Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Cultural Relics [200801] FX We thank Dr. Jun Liu from China Jiliang University for providing assistance with experiments. This work was supported by grants from Hangzhou Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Cultural Relics (Grant No. 200801). NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 53 IS 3 BP 239 EP 251 DI 10.1111/jse.12134 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CH4IO UT WOS:000353997400005 ER PT J AU Finnegan, S Anderson, SC Harnik, PG Simpson, C Tittensor, DP Byrnes, JE Finkel, ZV Lindberg, DR Liow, LH Lockwood, R Lotze, HK McClain, CR McGuire, JL O'Dea, A Pandolfi, JM AF Finnegan, Seth Anderson, Sean C. Harnik, Paul G. Simpson, Carl Tittensor, Derek P. Byrnes, Jarrett E. Finkel, Zoe V. Lindberg, David R. Liow, Lee Hsiang Lockwood, Rowan Lotze, Heike K. McClain, Craig R. McGuire, Jenny L. O'Dea, Aaron Pandolfi, John M. TI Paleontological baselines for evaluating extinction risk in the modern oceans SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MARINE BIODIVERSITY; LATITUDINAL GRADIENTS; SPECIES RICHNESS; GLOBAL PATTERNS; DIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; HOTSPOTS; VULNERABILITY; ASSEMBLAGES; ECOSYSTEMS AB Marine taxa are threatened by anthropogenic impacts, but knowledge of their extinction vulnerabilities is limited. The fossil record provides rich information on past extinctions that can help predict biotic responses. We show that over 23 million years, taxonomic membership and geographic range size consistently explain a large proportion of extinction risk variation in six major taxonomic groups. We assess intrinsic risk-extinction risk predicted by paleontologically calibrated models-for modern genera in these groups. Mapping the geographic distribution of these genera identifies coastal biogeographic provinces where fauna with high intrinsic risk are strongly affected by human activity or climate change. Such regions are disproportionately in the tropics, raising the possibility that these ecosystems may be particularly vulnerable to future extinctions. Intrinsic risk provides a prehuman baseline for considering current threats to marine biodiversity. C1 [Finnegan, Seth; Lindberg, David R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Anderson, Sean C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Harnik, Paul G.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Dept Earth & Environm, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [Simpson, Carl] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Tittensor, Derek P.] United Nations Environm Programme World Conservat, Cambridge CB3 0DL, England. [Tittensor, Derek P.] Microsoft Res, Sci Computat Lab, Cambridge CB1 2FB, England. [Tittensor, Derek P.; Lotze, Heike K.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Byrnes, Jarrett E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Finkel, Zoe V.] Mt Allison Univ, Environm Sci Program, Sackville, NB E4L 1A5, Canada. [Liow, Lee Hsiang] Univ Oslo, Dept Biosci, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Synth, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Lockwood, Rowan] Coll William & Mary, Dept Geol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [McClain, Craig R.] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [McGuire, Jenny L.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [O'Dea, Aaron] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Panama. [Pandolfi, John M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Finnegan, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sethf@berkeley.edu RI Liow, Lee Hsiang/E-3481-2010; McGuire, Jenny/G-8819-2011; Pandolfi, John/A-3121-2009; OI Liow, Lee Hsiang/0000-0002-3732-6069; McGuire, Jenny/0000-0002-0663-6902; Pandolfi, John/0000-0003-3047-6694; Byrnes, Jarrett/0000-0002-9791-9472; McClain, Craig/0000-0003-0574-428X FU National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF) [EF-0905606]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National System of Investigators of the National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation of Panama; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [KI 806/7-1] FX This work is a product of the Determinants of Extinction in Ancient and Modern Seas Working Group supported by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF grant EF-0905606). Additional support was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (to H.K.L., S.C.A., and Z.V.F.); the National System of Investigators of the National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation of Panama (to A.O.); the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (to J.M.P.); and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant KI 806/7-1 to C.S.). We thank the contributors to the Paleobiology Database and to OBIS. We also thank four anonymous reviewers for insightful comments that substantially improved the quality of the manuscript. This article is Paleobiology Database contribution no. 227. All scripts and data used to conduct analyses are available at https://github.com/seananderson/paleobaselines NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 9 U2 39 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 348 IS 6234 BP 567 EP 570 DI 10.1126/science.aaa6635 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH1JR UT WOS:000353778100040 PM 25931558 ER PT J AU Chirchir, H AF Chirchir, Habiba TI A Comparative Study of Trabecular Bone Mass Distribution in Cursorial and Non-Cursorial Limb Joints SO Anatomical Record-Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology LA English DT Article DE cursors; felids; cercopithecines; hominids; trabecular bone mass ID CHEETAH ACINONYX-JUBATUS; NATURAL PENDULAR PERIOD; ENERGETIC COST; TRADE-OFFS; LOCOMOTION; EVOLUTION; MAMMALS; WALKING; MORPHOLOGY; BEHAVIOR AB Skeletal design among cursorial animals is a compromise between a stable body that can withstand locomotor stress and a light design that is energetically inexpensive to grow, maintain, and move. Cursors have been hypothesized to reduce distal musculoskeletal mass to maintain a balance between safety and energetic cost due to an exponential increase in energetic demand observed during the oscillation of the distal limb. Additionally, experimental research shows that the cortical bone in distal limbs experiences higher strains and remodeling rates, apparently maintaining lower mass at the expense of a smaller safety factor. This study tests the hypothesis that the trabecular bone mass in the distal limb epiphyses of cursors is relatively lower than that in the proximal limb epiphyses to minimize the energetic cost of moving the limb. This study utilized peripheral quantitative computed tomography scanning to measure the trabecular mass in the lower and upper limb epiphyses of hominids, cercopithecines, and felids that are considered cursorial and non-cursorial. One-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc corrections was used to test for significant differences in trabecular mass across limb epiphyses. The results indicate that overall, both cursors and non-cursors exhibit varied trabecular mass in limb epiphyses and, in certain instances, conform to a proximal-distal decrease in mass irrespective of cursoriality. Specifically, hominid and cercopithecine hind limb epiphyses exhibit a proximal-distal decrease in mass irrespective of cursorial adaptations. These results suggest that cursorial mammals employ other energy saving mechanisms to minimize energy costs during running. Anat Rec, 298:797-809, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Chirchir, Habiba] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Chirchir, Habiba] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Chirchir, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, 1000 Constitution Ave, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM habibachirchir@gmail.com FU NSF IGERT [DGE-0801634]; Wenner-Gren Foundation Wadsworth Fellowship; Leakey Foundation Baldwin Fellowship FX Grant sponsor: NSF IGERT; Grant number: DGE-0801634;; Grant sponsor: Wenner-Gren Foundation Wadsworth Fellowship, Leakey Foundation Baldwin Fellowship. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-8486 EI 1932-8494 J9 ANAT REC JI Anat. Rec. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 298 IS 5 BP 797 EP 809 DI 10.1002/ar.23090 PG 13 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA CG4FH UT WOS:000353238900003 PM 25403099 ER PT J AU de Silva, P Nutter, B Bernal, XE AF de Silva, Priyanka Nutter, Brian Bernal, Ximena E. TI Use of acoustic signals in mating in an eavesdropping frog-biting midge SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE acoustic communication; Corethrellidae; Culicidae; flight tone; harmonic convergence; wing beat frequency ID CORETHRELLA DIPTERA; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI; CULICIDAE; MOSQUITO; MALES; CALLS; FIELD; COMMUNICATION; BEHAVIOR AB The sensory systems of organisms are shaped by selective pressures imposed by their performance in a variety of contexts. Female frog-biting midges use the mating calls of anurans to locate their host to obtain a blood meal. Although the use of sound in foraging is well documented in this group, it is unknown whether sound is used in other contexts. To investigate the ability to use sound in nonforaging contexts, we experimentally tested the prediction that frog-biting midges (Corethrella appendiculata) use sound in mating. We recorded their wing beats while swarming, in controlled tethered conditions and during different- and same-sex pair interactions. Our results show sexual differences in the acoustic properties of flight tones, with male midges having higher frequency wing beats than females. Wing beats of free-flying individuals were significantly higher in frequency than those recorded from tethered individuals, cautioning the interpretation of recordings obtained following this widely used technique. In addition, interacting, tethered opposite-sex pairs altered their flight tones to match their upper harmonics, converging at the third and fourth harmonic frequencies of males and females, respectively. In male-male interactions, however, the frequency of their wing beats diverged. Therefore, flight tones in frog-biting midges may function as courtship signals attracting conspecific females and deterring rival males. We discuss the use of sound in multiple contexts in these midges and potential factors leading to their ability to eavesdrop on anurans. (C) 2015 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [de Silva, Priyanka] Univ Peradeniya, Dept Zool, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. [Nutter, Brian] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Bernal, Ximena E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bernal, Ximena E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Bernal, XE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM depriyanka@pdn.ac.lk; brian.nutter@ttu.edu; xbernal@purdue.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1258039/1433990] FX We are thankful to Lewis Held who provided guidance and equipment to anaesthetize frog-biting midges, and Bianca Rendon for her assistance when performing the recordings of tethered individuals. Art Borkent provided valuable comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank Lauren Cator and one anonymous referee for their constructive comments that helped improve this manuscript. We are also grateful to Phil Lounibos and Erik Blosser, who kindly provided the specimens that allowed us to start our frog-biting midge colony. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grant IOS-1258039/1433990 to X.E.B. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 103 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.02.002 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA CG6AU UT WOS:000353378200007 ER PT J AU Pitt, WC Berentsen, AR Shiels, AB Volker, SF Eisemann, JD Wegmann, AS Howald, GR AF Pitt, William C. Berentsen, Are R. Shiels, Aaron B. Volker, Steven F. Eisemann, John D. Wegmann, Alexander S. Howald, Gregg R. TI Non-target species mortality and the measurement of brodifacoum rodenticide residues after a rat (Rattus rattus) eradication on Palmyra Atoll, tropical Pacific SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Aerial broadcast; Brodifacoum rodenticide; Invasive rodent eradication; Toxicant residue; Trophic level bioaccumulation; Tropical island forest ID AERIAL POISONING OPERATION; NEW-ZEALAND; INVASIVE RODENTS; BLACK RATS; ISLAND; INVERTEBRATES; IMPACTS; BIRDS; BAITS; ENVIRONMENT AB The use of rodenticides to control or eradicate invasive rats (Rattus spp.) for conservation purposes has rapidly grown in the past decades, especially on islands. The non-target consequences and the fate of toxicant residue from such rodent eradication operations have not been well explored. In a cooperative effort, we monitored the application of a rodenticide, 'Brodifacoum 25W: Conservation', during an attempt to eradicate Rattus rattus from Palmyra Atoll. In 2011, Brodifacoum 25W: Conservation was aerially broadcasted twice over the entire atoll (2.5 km(2)) at rates of 80 kg/ha and 75 kg/ha and a supplemental hand broadcast application (71.6 kg/ha) occurred three weeks after the second aerial application over a 10 ha area. We documented brodifacoum residues in soil, water, and biota, and documented mortality of non-target organisms. Some bait (14-19% of the target application rate) entered the marine environment to distances 7 m from the shore. After the application commenced, carcasses of 84 animals representing 15 species of birds, fish, reptiles and invertebrates were collected opportunistically as potential non-target mortalities. In addition, fish, reptiles, and invertebrates were systematically collected for residue analysis. Brodifacoum residues were detected in most (84.3%) of the animal samples analyzed. Although detection of residues in samples was anticipated, the extent and concentrations in many parts of the food web were greater than expected. Risk assessments should carefully consider application rates and entire food webs prior to operations using rodenticides. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pitt, William C.; Shiels, Aaron B.] USDA APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Berentsen, Are R.; Volker, Steven F.; Eisemann, John D.] USDA APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Wegmann, Alexander S.] Hawaii Program Off, Isl Conservat, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. [Howald, Gregg R.] Isl Conservat, Vancouver, BC V6B 1H5, Canada. RP Pitt, WC (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk,1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM PittW@SI.edu; Are.R.Berentsen@aphis.usda.gov; Aaron.B.Shiels@aphis.usda.gov; Steven.F.Volker@aphis.usda.gov; John.D.Eisemann@aphis.usda.gov; Alex.Wegmann@islandconservation.org; Gregg.Howald@islandconservation.org FU IC; USFWS; TNC; USDA FX The authors wish to thank T. McAuliffe (USDA), K. Hayes (USDA), A. Meyer (USFWS), S. Hathaway (USGS) and A. Kristof (USFWS) for exceptional assistance in the field. We thank D. Griffin and D. Goldade for assistance with residue analysis and B. Kimball for editorial suggestions. This study was funded by IC, USFWS, TNC, and USDA. Author contributions: WCP and ARB conceptualized the project, collected, analyzed, and interpreted data, and wrote the paper; ABS wrote the paper; SFV collected data; JDE conceptualized the project. ASW and GRH assisted in the project design. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 11 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 185 SI SI BP 36 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.01.008 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG2FH UT WOS:000353089800005 ER PT J AU Brusatte, SL Butler, RJ Barrett, PM Carrano, MT Evans, DC Lloyd, GT Mannion, PD Norell, MA Peppe, DJ Upchurch, P Williamson, TE AF Brusatte, Stephen L. Butler, Richard J. Barrett, Paul M. Carrano, Matthew T. Evans, David C. Lloyd, Graeme T. Mannion, Philip D. Norell, Mark A. Peppe, Daniel J. Upchurch, Paul Williamson, Thomas E. TI The extinction of the dinosaurs SO BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE dinosaurs; end-Cretaceous; mass extinction; Cretaceous-Paleogene; extinctions; macroevolution; Chicxulub impact; Deccan Traps; global change; palaeontology ID CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; SAN-JUAN BASIN; HELL CREEK FORMATION; MASS EXTINCTION; PALEOGENE BOUNDARY; NEW-MEXICO; DECCAN VOLCANISM; NORTH-DAKOTA; GLOBAL CLIMATE; IMPACT EJECTA AB Non-avian dinosaurs went extinct 66 million years ago, geologically coincident with the impact of a large bolide (comet or asteroid) during an interval of massive volcanic eruptions and changes in temperature and sea level. There has long been fervent debate about how these events affected dinosaurs. We review a wealth of new data accumulated over the past two decades, provide updated and novel analyses of long-term dinosaur diversity trends during the latest Cretaceous, and discuss an emerging consensus on the extinction's tempo and causes. Little support exists for a global, long-term decline across non-avian dinosaur diversity prior to their extinction at the end of the Cretaceous. However, restructuring of latest Cretaceous dinosaur faunas in North America led to reduced diversity of large-bodied herbivores, perhaps making communities more susceptible to cascading extinctions. The abruptness of the dinosaur extinction suggests a key role for the bolide impact, although the coarseness of the fossil record makes testing the effects of Deccan volcanism difficult. C1 [Brusatte, Stephen L.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Midlothian, Scotland. [Butler, Richard J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Barrett, Paul M.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Earth Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Carrano, Matthew T.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Evans, David C.] Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Lloyd, Graeme T.] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3AN, England. [Mannion, Philip D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Norell, Mark A.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Paleontol, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Peppe, Daniel J.] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76706 USA. [Upchurch, Paul] UCL, Dept Earth Sci, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Williamson, Thomas E.] New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA. RP Brusatte, SL (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Midlothian, Scotland. EM Stephen.Brusatte@ed.ac.uk RI Upchurch, Paul/C-1654-2008; Barrett, Paul/A-2648-2010; Butler, Richard/A-5239-2011; Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011; OI Barrett, Paul/0000-0003-0412-3000; Butler, Richard/0000-0003-2136-7541; Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612; Williamson, Thomas/0000-0002-2856-9632; Brusatte, Stephen/0000-0001-7525-7319; Peppe, Daniel/0000-0003-4263-133X FU NSF [EAR-1325544, EAR-1325552]; Marie Curie Career Integration [EC 630652]; Imperial College Junior and Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellowships FX This work was funded by NSF EAR-1325544 (S.L.B., T.E.W.) and EAR-1325552 (D.J.P.), a Marie Curie Career Integration Grant EC 630652 (S.L.B.), and an Imperial College Junior and Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellowships (P.D.M.). We thank two anonymous referees for their helpful comments and A. Cooper and W. Foster for their editorial assistance. NR 119 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 40 U2 173 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-7931 EI 1469-185X J9 BIOL REV JI Biol. Rev. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 90 IS 2 BP 628 EP 642 DI 10.1111/brv.12128 PG 15 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CF8NL UT WOS:000352818700014 PM 25065505 ER PT J AU Cavanaugh, KC Parker, JD Cook-Patton, SC Feller, IC Williams, AP Kellner, JR AF Cavanaugh, Kyle C. Parker, John D. Cook-Patton, Susan C. Feller, Ilka C. Williams, A. Park Kellner, James R. TI Integrating physiological threshold experiments with climate modeling to project mangrove species' range expansion SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avicennia germinans; climate change; ecological thresholds; freeze tolerance; Laguncularia racemosa; range expansion; Rhizophora mangle; species distribution modeling ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; UNITED-STATES; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; FREEZING TEMPERATURES; CHANGING CLIMATE; SALT-MARSHES; EVENTS; VEGETATION; ECOLOGY; FLORIDA AB Predictions of climate-related shifts in species ranges have largely been based on correlative models. Due to limitations of these models, there is a need for more integration of experimental approaches when studying impacts of climate change on species distributions. Here, we used controlled experiments to identify physiological thresholds that control poleward range limits of three species of mangroves found in North America. We found that all three species exhibited a threshold response to extreme cold, but freeze tolerance thresholds varied among species. From these experiments, we developed a climate metric, freeze degree days (FDD), which incorporates both the intensity and the frequency of freezes. When included in distribution models, FDD accurately predicted mangrove presence/absence. Using 28years of satellite imagery, we linked FDD to observed changes in mangrove abundance in Florida, further exemplifying the importance of extreme cold. We then used downscaled climate projections of FDD to project that these range limits will move northward by 2.2-3.2kmyr(-1) over the next 50years. C1 [Cavanaugh, Kyle C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Cavanaugh, Kyle C.; Parker, John D.; Cook-Patton, Susan C.; Feller, Ilka C.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Cavanaugh, Kyle C.; Kellner, James R.] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Williams, A. Park] Colombia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. RP Cavanaugh, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, 1255 Bunche Hall,Box 951524, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM kcavanaugh@geog.ucla.edu RI Williams, Park/B-8214-2016; Parker, John/F-9761-2010; OI Williams, Park/0000-0001-8176-8166; Parker, John/0000-0002-3632-7625; Feller, Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608 FU NASA Climate and Biological Response Program [NNX11AO94G]; NSF Macrosystems Biology Program [EF 1065821, 1065098] FX Funding for this work was provided by the NASA Climate and Biological Response Program (NNX11AO94G) and the NSF Macrosystems Biology Program (EF 1065821 and 1065098). Thanks to Mike Lehmann and Lorae Simpson for field and laboratory assistance. NR 61 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 9 U2 71 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 21 IS 5 BP 1928 EP 1938 DI 10.1111/gcb.12843 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG3ZX UT WOS:000353220500015 PM 25558057 ER PT J AU Marvin, DC Winter, K Burnham, RJ Schnitzer, SA AF Marvin, David C. Winter, Klaus Burnham, Robyn J. Schnitzer, Stefan A. TI No evidence that elevated CO2 gives tropical lianas an advantage over tropical trees SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon cycle; global change; mixed-effects models; open-top chambers; Panama; seasonal drought; tropical forests ID BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; LIQUIDAMBAR-STYRACIFLUA; FOREST SUCCESSION; AMAZONIAN BOLIVIA; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; CLIMBING PLANTS; TREEFALL GAPS; TERM CHANGES; BASAL AREA; GROWTH AB Recent studies indicate that lianas are increasing in size and abundance relative to trees in neotropical forests. As a result, forest dynamics and carbon balance may be altered through liana-induced suppression of tree growth and increases in tree mortality. Increasing atmospheric CO2 is hypothesized to be responsible for the increase in neotropical lianas, yet no study has directly compared the relative response of tropical lianas and trees to elevated CO2. We explicitly tested whether tropical lianas had a larger response to elevated CO2 than co-occurring tropical trees and whether seasonal drought alters the response of either growth form. In two experiments conducted in central Panama, one spanning both wet and dry seasons and one restricted to the dry season, we grew liana (n=12) and tree (n=10) species in open-top growth chambers maintained at ambient or twice-ambient CO2 levels. Seedlings of eight individuals (four lianas, four trees) were grown in the ground in each chamber for at least 3months during each season. We found that both liana and tree seedlings had a significant and positive response to elevated CO2 (in biomass, leaf area, leaf mass per area, and photosynthesis), but that the relative response to elevated CO2 for all variables was not significantly greater for lianas than trees regardless of the season. The lack of differences in the relative response between growth forms does not support the hypothesis that elevated CO2 is responsible for increasing liana size and abundance across the neotropics. C1 [Marvin, David C.; Burnham, Robyn J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Winter, Klaus; Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RP Marvin, DC (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, 260 Panama St, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM dmarvin@carnegiescience.edu FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Office of Academic Programs; University of Michigan Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program; [NSF-DEB 0613666]; [NSF-DEB 0845071]; [NSF-DEB 1019436] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Office of Academic Programs (DCM), the University of Michigan Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (DCM), the University of Michigan Rackham Graduate School (DCM), and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (DCM), and NSF-DEB 0613666, NSF-DEB 0845071 and NSF-DEB 1019436 (to SAS). The University of Michigan Biosphere Atmosphere Research and Training (BART) programme, N. Tuchman, and S. Mangan provided material support. B. Turner, J. Wright, and S. Mangan gave helpful advice on study design and analysis. J. Aranda, A. Virgo, and M. Garcia provided technical and logistical support. We would like to thank A. Quebbeman, E. Morrison, J. Malcomb, J. Luciani, H. Stott, and J. Dunlap for assistance with the chamber array construction, experiment monitoring, and sample processing. I. Ibanez, C. Dick, and K. Bergen gave comments on the manuscript and earlier drafts. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 21 IS 5 BP 2055 EP 2069 DI 10.1111/gcb.12820 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG3ZX UT WOS:000353220500024 PM 25471795 ER PT J AU Woodman, N Stabile, FA AF Woodman, Neal Stabile, Frank A. TI Functional Skeletal Morphology and Its Implications for Locomotory Behavior Among Three Genera of Myosoricine Shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anatomy; digging; fossorial; Insectivora; Soricomorpha; substrate use; terrestrial ID INTRINSIC HAND PROPORTIONS; FOSSORIAL ADAPTATIONS; MYOSOREX MAMMALIA; GENUS CRYPTOTIS; EVOLUTION; SCANDENTIA; DIVERSITY; DIVERSIFICATION; MARSUPIALS; TUPAIIDAE AB Myosoricinae is a small clade of shrews (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) that is currently restricted to the African continent. Individual species have limited distributions that are often associated with higher elevations. Although the majority of species in the subfamily are considered ambulatory in their locomotory behavior, species of the myosoricine genus Surdisorex are known to be semifossorial. To better characterize variation in locomotory behaviors among myosoricines, we calculated 32 morphological indices from skeletal measurements from nine species representing all three genera that comprise the subfamily (i.e., Congosorex, Myosorex, Surdisorex) and compared them to indices calculated for two species with well-documented locomotory behaviors: the ambulatory talpid Uropsilus soricipes and the semifossorial talpid Neurotrichus gibbsii. We summarized the 22 most complete morphological variables by 1) calculating a mean percentile rank for each species and 2) using the first principal component from principal component analysis of the indices. The two methods yielded similar results and indicate grades of adaptations reflecting a range of potential locomotory behaviors from ambulatory to semifossorial that exceeds the range represented by the two talpids. Morphological variation reflecting grades of increased semifossoriality among myosoricine shrews is similar in many respects to that seen for soricines, but some features are unique to the Myosoricinae. J. Morphol. 276:550-563, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Woodman, Neal] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Stabile, Frank A.] Coll New Jersey, Dept Biol, Ewing, NJ 08628 USA. RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, MRC 111,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM woodmann@si.edu OI Woodman, Neal/0000-0003-2689-7373 FU National Science Foundation [through the Natural History Research Experiences Program of the United States National Museum of Natural History (USNM)] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation [through the Natural History Research Experiences Program of the United States National Museum of Natural History (USNM) (to F.A.S)]. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0362-2525 EI 1097-4687 J9 J MORPHOL JI J. Morphol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 276 IS 5 BP 550 EP 563 DI 10.1002/jmor.20365 PG 14 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA CG4DU UT WOS:000353234000007 PM 25678028 ER PT J AU Seidensticker, J AF Seidensticker, John TI The UN's Lone Ranger: Combating International Wildlife Crime. SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Book Review C1 [Seidensticker, John] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Seidensticker, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM seidenstickerj@si.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 79 IS 4 BP 691 EP 692 DI 10.1002/jwmg.864 PG 2 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CG3YW UT WOS:000353217100018 ER PT J AU McGuire, KL D'Angelo, H Brearley, FQ Gedallovich, SM Babar, N Yang, N Gillikin, CM Gradoville, R Bateman, C Turner, BL Mansor, P Leff, JW Fierer, N AF McGuire, K. L. D'Angelo, H. Brearley, F. Q. Gedallovich, S. M. Babar, N. Yang, N. Gillikin, C. M. Gradoville, R. Bateman, C. Turner, B. L. Mansor, P. Leff, J. W. Fierer, N. TI Responses of Soil Fungi to Logging and Oil Palm Agriculture in Southeast Asian Tropical Forests SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; RAIN-FOREST; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; LAND-USE; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; PENINSULAR MALAYSIA AB Human land use alters soil microbial composition and function in a variety of systems, although few comparable studies have been done in tropical forests and tropical agricultural production areas. Logging and the expansion of oil palm agriculture are two of the most significant drivers of tropical deforestation, and the latter is most prevalent in Southeast Asia. The aim of this study was to compare soil fungal communities from three sites in Malaysia that represent three of the most dominant land-use types in the Southeast Asia tropics: a primary forest, a regenerating forest that had been selectively logged 50 years previously, and a 25-year-old oil palm plantation. Soil cores were collected from three replicate plots at each site, and fungal communities were sequenced using the Illumina platform. Extracellular enzyme assays were assessed as a proxy for soil microbial function. We found that fungal communities were distinct across all sites, although fungal composition in the regenerating forest was more similar to the primary forest than either forest community was to the oil palm site. Ectomycorrhizal fungi, which are important associates of the dominant Dipterocarpaceae tree family in this region, were compositionally distinct across forests, but were nearly absent from oil palm soils. Extracellular enzyme assays indicated that the soil ecosystem in oil palm plantations experienced altered nutrient cycling dynamics, but there were few differences between regenerating and primary forest soils. Together, these results show that logging and the replacement of primary forest with oil palm plantations alter fungal community and function, although forests regenerating from logging had more similarities with primary forests in terms of fungal composition and nutrient cycling potential. Since oil palm agriculture is currently the mostly rapidly expanding equatorial crop and logging is pervasive across tropical ecosystems, these findings may have broad applicability. C1 [McGuire, K. L.; Gedallovich, S. M.; Babar, N.; Yang, N.; Gillikin, C. M.; Bateman, C.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [McGuire, K. L.; D'Angelo, H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY USA. [Brearley, F. Q.] Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Sch Sci & Environm, Manchester M15 6BH, Lancs, England. [Gradoville, R.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Turner, B. L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Mansor, P.] Forest Res Inst Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Leff, J. W.; Fierer, N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Fierer, N.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA. RP McGuire, KL (reprint author), Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Biol, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM kmcguire@barnard.edu; hd2144@columbia.edu; f.q.brearley@mmu.ac.uk; turnerbl@si.edu; patahayah@frim.gov.my; leff.jonathan@gmail.com; noah.fierer@colorado.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Gedapudi, Mahesh/L-8094-2013 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1120011] FX We thank Lee Su See, Stuart Davies, and the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) for logistical support. Permits were granted by the Forestry Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), the Economic Planning Unit of Malaysia, and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB 1120011 to KM). We thank Jonathan Adams and one anonymous reviewer for useful feedback on previous versions of this manuscript. NR 105 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 10 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 EI 1432-184X J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 SI SI BP 733 EP 747 DI 10.1007/s00248-014-0468-4 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA CG4YP UT WOS:000353295800002 PM 25149283 ER PT J AU Chapman, SC Bertoldi, F Smail, I Blain, AW Geach, JE Gurwell, M Ivison, RJ Petitpas, GR Reddy, N Steidel, CC AF Chapman, S. C. Bertoldi, F. Smail, Ian Blain, A. W. Geach, J. E. Gurwell, M. Ivison, R. J. Petitpas, G. R. Reddy, N. Steidel, C. C. TI A blind CO detection of a distant red galaxy in the HS1700+64 protocluster SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ISM: molecules; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: starburst ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; FORMATION-DENSITY RELATION; SIMILAR-TO 2; MOLECULAR GAS; SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT; CLUSTER; ULTRAVIOLET; POPULATION; REVERSAL AB We report the blind detection of (CO)-C-12 emission from a distant red galaxy, HS1700.DRG55. We have used the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer WideX, with its 3.6 GHz of instantaneous dual-polarization bandwidth, to target (CO)-C-12(3-2) from galaxies lying in the protocluster at z = 2.300 in the field HS1700+64. If indeed this line in DRG55 is (CO)-C-12(3-2), its detection at 104.9 GHz indicates z(CO) = 2.296. None of the other eight known z similar to 2.30 protocluster galaxies lying within the primary beam (PB) are detected in (CO)-C-12, although the limits are similar to 2 x worse towards the edge of the PB where several lie. The optical/near-IR magnitudes of DRG55 (R-AB > 27, K-AB = 22.3) mean that optical spectroscopic redshifts are difficult with 10-m-class telescopes, but near-IR redshifts would be feasible. The 24-mu m-implied star formation rate (210 M-aS (TM) yr(-1)), stellar mass (similar to 10(11) M-aS (TM)) and (CO)-C-12 line luminosity (3.6 x 10(10) K km s(-1) pc(2)) are comparable to other normal (CO)-C-12-detected star-forming galaxies in the literature, although the galaxy is some similar to 2 mag (similar to 6 x) fainter in the rest-frame UV than (CO)-C-12-detected galaxies at z > 2. The detection of DRG55 in (CO)-C-12 complements three other (CO)-C-12 detected UV-bright galaxies in this protocluster from previous studies, and suggests that many optically faint galaxies in the protocluster may host substantial molecular gas reservoirs, and a full blind census of (CO)-C-12 in this overdense environment is warranted. C1 [Chapman, S. C.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Bertoldi, F.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Smail, Ian] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Blain, A. W.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Geach, J. E.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sci & Technol Res Inst, Ctr Astrophys, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Gurwell, M.; Petitpas, G. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ivison, R. J.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Reddy, N.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Steidel, C. C.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Chapman, SC (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM scott.chapman@dal.ca RI Smail, Ian/M-5161-2013; Ivison, R./G-4450-2011 OI Smail, Ian/0000-0003-3037-257X; Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313 FU INSU/CNRS (France); MPG (Germany); IGN (Spain); Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; NSERC; CFI FX This work is based on observations carried out with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer. IRAM is supported by INSU/CNRS (France), MPG (Germany) and IGN (Spain). The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. SC and IS acknowledge the Aspen Center for Physics where parts of this manuscript were written. SC acknowledges support from NSERC and CFI. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 1 BP L68 EP L72 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slv010 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG8KA UT WOS:000353555000015 ER PT J AU Guo, H Zheng, Z Jing, YP Zehavi, I Li, C Weinberg, DH Skibba, RA Nichol, RC Rossi, G Sabiu, CG Schneider, DP McBride, CK AF Guo, Hong Zheng, Zheng Jing, Y. P. Zehavi, Idit Li, Cheng Weinberg, David H. Skibba, Ramin A. Nichol, Robert C. Rossi, Graziano Sabiu, Cristiano G. Schneider, Donald P. McBride, Cameron K. TI Modelling the redshift-space three-point correlation function in SDSS-III SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: distances and redshifts; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: statistics; cosmology: observations; cosmology: theory; large-scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; PAIRWISE VELOCITY DISPERSION; GALAXY CORRELATION-FUNCTION; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; COLOR DEPENDENCE; BIAS; UNIVERSE AB We present the measurements of the redshift-space three-point correlation function (3PCF) for z similar to 0.5 luminous red galaxies of the CMASS sample in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 11. The 3PCF measurements are interpreted within the halo occupation distribution framework using high-resolution N-body simulations, and the model successfully reproduces the 3PCF on scales larger than 1 h(-1) Mpc. As with the case for the redshift-space two-point correlation functions, we find that the redshift-space 3PCF measurements also favour the inclusion of galaxy velocity bias in the model. In particular, the central galaxy in a halo is on average in motion with respect to the core of the halo. We discuss the potential of the small-scale 3PCF to tighten the constraints on the relation between galaxies and dark matter haloes and on the phase-space distribution of galaxies. C1 [Guo, Hong; Zheng, Zheng] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Jing, Y. P.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Jing, Y. P.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, IFSA Collaborat Innovat Ctr, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Zehavi, Idit] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Li, Cheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Partner Grp, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Li, Cheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Skibba, Ramin A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Nichol, Robert C.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Rossi, Graziano] Sejong Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Rossi, Graziano] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu, SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Sabiu, Cristiano G.] Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul 130722, South Korea. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [McBride, Cameron K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Guo, H (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM hong.guo@utah.edu RI Guo, Hong/J-5797-2015; Jing, Yipeng/P-3678-2015 OI Guo, Hong/0000-0003-4936-8247; FU NSF [AST-1208891]; NSFC [11173045, 11233005, 11325314, 11320101002]; CAS [XDB09000000]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University; [2015CB857000]; [NSFC-11320101002]; [11033006]; [11121062] FX We thank the anonymous referee for the helpful and constructive comments. ZZ was partially supported by NSF grant AST-1208891. YPJ is supported by grants (2015CB857000, NSFC-11320101002, 11033006, 11121062). CL acknowledges the support of NSFC (11173045, 11233005, 11325314, 11320101002) and the Strategic Priority Research Program 'The Emergence of Cosmological Structures' of CAS (Grant No. XDB09000000). We gratefully acknowledge the use of computing resources at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, from the High Performance Computing Resource in the Core Facility for Advanced Research Computing at Case Western Reserve University and from the Centre for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington and Yale University. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 449 IS 1 BP L95 EP L99 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slv020 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG8KA UT WOS:000353555000021 ER PT J AU Field, DJ LeBlanc, A Gau, A Behlke, AD AF Field, Daniel J. LeBlanc, Aaron Gau, Adrienne Behlke, Adam D. TI PELAGIC NEONATAL FOSSILS SUPPORT VIVIPARITY AND PRECOCIAL LIFE HISTORY OF CRETACEOUS MOSASAURS SO PALAEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mosasaur; viviparity; Niobrara; marine reptile; life history ID NORTH-AMERICA; SQUAMATA; EVOLUTION; REPTILIA; ATTACHMENT; ICHTHYORNIS; PLATECARPUS; MORPHOLOGY; PHYLOGENY; CLIDASTES AB Mosasaurs were large marine squamates that inhabited all of the world's oceans during the Late Cretaceous. Their success as apex predators has been attributed to their rapid acquisition of aquatic adaptations, which allowed them to become fully pelagic. However, little is known about the breeding biology of derived, flipper-bearing mosasaurs, as the record of neonatal mosasaur fossils is extremely sparse. Here, we report on the fragmentary cranial remains of two neonatal mosasaurs from the Niobrara Formation, referred to Clidastes sp. Comparison with other preliminary reports of neonatal mosasaurs reveals that these specimens are among the smallest individuals ever found and certainly represent the smallest known Clidastes specimens. The recovery of these extremely young specimens from a pelagic setting indicates that even neonatal mosasaurs occupied open oceanic habitats and were likely born in this setting. These data shed new light on the ecology of neonatal mosasaurs and illustrate the degree to which size-related taphonomic and collection biases have influenced our understanding of the early life history of these iconic marine reptiles. C1 [Field, Daniel J.; Gau, Adrienne; Behlke, Adam D.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Field, Daniel J.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [LeBlanc, Aaron] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. RP Field, DJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, 210 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM daniel.field@yale.edu; aaron.leblanc@mail.utoronto.ca; adrien.gau@yale.edu; adam.behlke@yale.edu OI LeBlanc, Aaron/0000-0002-2497-1296; Field, Daniel/0000-0002-1786-0352 FU NSERC (CGS-D); Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship FX We are indebted to T. Ikejiri, M. Caldwell, J. Gauthier and R. Benson for critical comments that improved the quality of this manuscript. D. Brinkman and C. Norris (YPM) formally accessioned and deciphered the provenance of these specimens. J. Gauthier provided initial affirmation of our taxonomic diagnosis. We thank J. Csotonyi for the extraordinary artwork exhibited in Figure 4. DJF was supported by NSERC (CGS-D) and a Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-0239 EI 1475-4983 J9 PALAEONTOLOGY JI Paleontology PD MAY PY 2015 VL 58 IS 3 BP 401 EP 407 DI 10.1111/pala.12165 PG 7 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CG6GZ UT WOS:000353398000002 ER PT J AU Mah, C Linse, K Copley, J Marsh, L Rogers, A Clague, D Foltz, D AF Mah, Christopher Linse, Katrin Copley, Jon Marsh, Leigh Rogers, Alex Clague, David Foltz, David TI Description of a new family, new genus, and two new species of deep-sea Forcipulatacea (Asteroidea), including the first known sea star from hydrothermal vent habitats SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Antarctica; deep sea; forcipulatacea; hydrothermal vent; North Pacific; pedicellariae ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; FUCA RIDGE; OPHIUROID ECHINODERMATA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; GALAPAGOS RIFT; AXIAL SEAMOUNT; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; BIOLOGY; MORPHOLOGY; PEDICELLARIAE AB Based on a phylogenetic analysis of undescribed taxa within the Forcipulatacea, a new family of deep-sea forcipulatacean starfishes, Paulasteriidaefam.nov., is described from deep-sea settings. Paulasterias tylerigen.etsp.nov. was observed at recently documented hydrothermal vents on the East Scotia Ridge, Southern Ocean. A second species, Paulasterias mcclainigen.etsp.nov. was observed in deep-sea settings in the North Pacific, more distant from hydrothermal vents. Both species are multi-armed (with between six and eight arms), with a fleshy body wall, and a poorly developed or absent adoral carina. Here, we include discussions of pedicellariae morphology, feeding biology, and classification.(c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London C1 [Mah, Christopher] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Mah, Christopher; Foltz, David] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Linse, Katrin] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. [Copley, Jon; Marsh, Leigh] Univ Southampton, Ocean & Earth Sci, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. [Rogers, Alex] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Clague, David] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. RP Mah, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM brisinga@gmail.com RI Copley, Jonathan/I-7076-2012; OI Copley, Jonathan/0000-0003-3333-4325; Marsh, Leigh/0000-0002-4613-1538 FU UK NERC Consortium [NE/DO1249X/1]; NSF-Polar Programs Postdoctoral Fellowship [OPP-0631245]; LSU Faculty Research Grant; NSF [DEB-1036358] FX C. Mah is extremely grateful to Dr Craig McClain and Dr Dave Clague for their invitation to participate in the 2009 MBARI Pacific Northwest Expedition. C. Mah also thanks Lonny Lundsten, Linda Kuntz, the crew of the RV Western Flyer and other personnel at MBARI for their assistance. We extend thanks to the crew of RRS James Cook and the staff of the UK National Marine Facilities at NOC, especially the ROV Isis team, for logistic, technical, and shipboard support during JC42, as well the ChEsSo research programme, which was funded by UK NERC Consortium Grant (NE/DO1249X/1) under the lead of Professor Paul Tyler. We gratefully acknowledge Will Reid, who provided us with isotope data in advance of his paper (Reid et al., 2013). Special appreciation is extended to Bob Ford and Taylor Steed, Frederick Community College, and Scott Whitaker, NMNH SEM Lab, for their help with SEM logistics. For specimen cataloguing and logistics we thank Linda Ward and Paul Greenhall at the NMNH, and Miranda Lowe and Andrew Cabrinovic at the NHM. The original forcipulates sequence data set was collected with support by NSF-Polar Programs Postdoctoral Fellowship OPP-0631245 to C. Mah, and by an LSU Faculty Research Grant to D. Foltz. The new molecular work was funded in part by NSF award DEB-1036358 to D. Foltz and C. Mah. The manuscript benefitted from improvements provided by two anonymous reviewers. NR 66 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4082 EI 1096-3642 J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 174 IS 1 BP 93 EP 113 DI 10.1111/zoj.12229 PG 21 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CG6GU UT WOS:000353397200004 ER PT J AU Dutra, GM Jerep, FC Vari, RP de Santana, CD AF Dutra, Guilherme Moreira Jerep, Fernando C. Vari, Richard P. de Santana, Carlos David TI The pseudotympanum in the Gymnotiformes (Teleostei, Ostariophysi, Otophysi): homology and evolution of a previously unexplored system in Neotropical electric fishes SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE comparative anatomy; muscular reductions; phylogenetically informative characters ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; CATFISHES SILURIFORMES; GAS BLADDER; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; CHARACIFORMES; CHARACIDAE; MORPHOLOGY; BASIN; GENUS; RHAMPHICHTHYIDAE AB The pseudotympanum, a reduction of the hypaxialis muscle in the body wall lateral to the anterior portion of the swim bladder, is unique to some members of the Otophysi, the largest clade of primarily freshwater fishes. Prior studies documented the presence of the pseudotympanum in a number of groups within the Characiformes, to a lesser extent in subunits of the Siluriformes, and in a few taxa of the Cypriniformes, but with only one record of the aperture in the Gymnotiformes - the Neotropical electric fishes. Surveys across the five families and c. two-thirds of the genera in the Gymnotiformes revealed the occurrence of a pseudotympanum in all examined taxa. Pronounced variation in the expanse and details of the morphology of the opening and its relationship to the anterior elements of the axial skeleton was documented amongst Neotropical electric fish. Details of pseudotympanal morphology in the different families of the Gymnotiformes are described and the variation evaluated within the context of the two alternative hypotheses of higher-level phylogenetic relationships within the order.(c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London C1 [Dutra, Guilherme Moreira] Setor Ictiol, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Jerep, Fernando C.; Vari, Richard P.; de Santana, Carlos David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Fishes, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Jerep, Fernando C.] Univ Estadual Londrina, Museu Zool, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Dept Biol Anim & Vegetal, BR-86057970 Londrina, PR, Brazil. RP de Santana, CD (reprint author), Setor Ictiol, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Ave Magalhaes Barata 376,CP 399, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil. EM apteronotidae@ig.com.br RI Jerep, Fernando/F-5274-2015 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [245310/2012-6]; National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution; Herbert R and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Ichthyology at the National Museum of Natural History; CNPq/Ciencia Sem Fronteiras [245622/2012-8] FX We thank M. Sabaj Perez (ANSP); C. Uribe (IAvH); C. Lucena and Z. Lucena (MCP); W. Wosiacki (MPEG); L. Page and R. Robins (UF); and L. Malabarba (UFRGS) for the loan of specimens. S. Raredon (USNM) assisted with the photographs in Figures 1-3. G. M. D. thanks the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) for support and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) for funding a visit to the Smithsonian Institution through the Programa Ciencia sem Fronteiras (245310/2012-6). F. C. J. was funded by a fellowship provided by the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Support for the project to F. C. J. and R. P. V. was received from the Herbert R and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Ichthyology at the National Museum of Natural History. C. D. S. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the CNPq/Ciencia Sem Fronteiras (245622/2012-8). C. Ferraris provided valuable suggestions for improvements to the paper. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4082 EI 1096-3642 J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 174 IS 1 BP 114 EP 129 DI 10.1111/zoj.12221 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CG6GU UT WOS:000353397200005 ER PT J AU Psorakis, I Voelkl, B Garroway, CJ Radersma, R Aplin, LM Crates, RA Culina, A Farine, DR Firth, JA Hinde, CA Kidd, LR Milligan, ND Roberts, SJ Verhelst, B Sheldon, BC AF Psorakis, Ioannis Voelkl, Bernhard Garroway, Colin J. Radersma, Reinder Aplin, Lucy M. Crates, Ross A. Culina, Antica Farine, Damien R. Firth, Josh A. Hinde, Camilla A. Kidd, Lindall R. Milligan, Nicole D. Roberts, Stephen J. Verhelst, Brecht Sheldon, Ben C. TI Inferring social structure from temporal data SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Social networks; Group detection; Flocks; Gathering events; Great tits ID NETWORKS; INDIVIDUALS; ASSOCIATION; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS AB Social network analysis has become a popular tool for characterising the social structure of populations. Animal social networks can be built either by observing individuals and defining links based on the occurrence of specific types of social interactions, or by linking individuals based on observations of physical proximity or group membership, given a certain behavioural activity. The latter approaches of discovering network structure require splitting the temporal observation stream into discrete events given an appropriate time resolution parameter. This process poses several non-trivial problems which have not received adequate attention so far. Here, using data from a study of passive integrated transponder (PIT)-tagged great tits Parus major, we discuss these problems, demonstrate how the choice of the extraction method and the temporal resolution parameter influence the appearance and properties of the retrieved network and suggest a modus operandi that minimises observer bias due to arbitrary parameter choice. Our results have important implications for all studies of social networks where associations are based on spatio-temporal proximity, and more generally for all studies where we seek to uncover the relationships amongst a population of individuals that are observed through a temporal data stream of appearance records. C1 [Psorakis, Ioannis; Roberts, Stephen J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Engn Sci, Oxford OX1 3PJ, England. [Psorakis, Ioannis] Thought Machine Ltd, London EC2 3HU, England. [Voelkl, Bernhard; Garroway, Colin J.; Radersma, Reinder; Aplin, Lucy M.; Crates, Ross A.; Culina, Antica; Farine, Damien R.; Firth, Josh A.; Hinde, Camilla A.; Kidd, Lindall R.; Milligan, Nicole D.; Verhelst, Brecht; Sheldon, Ben C.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Farine, Damien R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. [Hinde, Camilla A.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Anim Sci, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Voelkl, B (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. EM bernhard.voelkl@zoo.ox.ac.uk RI Sheldon, Ben/A-8056-2010; Voelkl, Bernhard/D-1390-2009; OI Sheldon, Ben/0000-0002-5240-7828; Voelkl, Bernhard/0000-0001-5454-2508; Farine, Damien/0000-0003-2208-7613; Culina, Antica/0000-0003-2910-8085 FU ERC [AdG 250164]; Microsoft Research; Australian Postgraduate Award; International Alliance of Research Universities travel grant FX We thank J. Howe, T. Wilkin, S. Evans, A. Hinks and A. Grabowska for assistance in the field and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript. This research was funded by an ERC grant to BCS (AdG 250164) and a Microsoft Research Grant to IP. LMA was also funded by an Australian Postgraduate Award and by an International Alliance of Research Universities travel grant. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 EI 1432-0762 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 69 IS 5 BP 857 EP 866 DI 10.1007/s00265-015-1906-0 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CF7EI UT WOS:000352718600017 ER PT J AU Betancur-R, R Orti, G Pyron, RA AF Betancur-R, Ricardo Orti, Guillermo Pyron, Robert Alexander TI Fossil-based comparative analyses reveal ancient marine ancestry erased by extinction in ray-finned fishes SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Actinopterygii; diversification; ecological transitions; marine and freshwaters; neontology; palaeontology; phylogenetic comparative methods; phylogeny; state dependent diversification ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; SPECIES RICHNESS; DIVERSIFICATION; EVOLUTION; TAXA; SPECIATION; RATES; TRANSITIONS; CHARACTERS; LIKELIHOOD AB The marine-freshwater boundary is a major biodiversity gradient and few groups have colonised both systems successfully. Fishes have transitioned between habitats repeatedly, diversifying in rivers, lakes and oceans over evolutionary time. However, their history of habitat colonisation and diversification is unclear based on available fossil and phylogenetic data. We estimate ancestral habitats and diversification and transition rates using a large-scale phylogeny of extant fish taxa and one containing a massive number of extinct species. Extant-only phylogenetic analyses indicate freshwater ancestry, but inclusion of fossils reveal strong evidence of marine ancestry in lineages now restricted to freshwaters. Diversification and colonisation dynamics vary asymmetrically between habitats, as marine lineages colonise and flourish in rivers more frequently than the reverse. Our study highlights the importance of including fossils in comparative analyses, showing that freshwaters have played a role as refuges for ancient fish lineages, a signal erased by extinction in extant-only phylogenies. C1 [Betancur-R, Ricardo] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Betancur-R, Ricardo] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Orti, Guillermo; Pyron, Robert Alexander] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Betancur-R, R (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Biol, POB 23360, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. EM betanri@fishphylogeny.org NR 49 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 18 IS 5 BP 441 EP 450 DI 10.1111/ele.12423 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CF8GP UT WOS:000352794500003 PM 25808114 ER PT J AU Huber, B Whibley, A Poul, YL Navarro, N Martin, A Baxter, S Shah, A Gilles, B Wirth, T McMillan, WO Joron, M AF Huber, B. Whibley, A. Poul, Y. L. Navarro, N. Martin, A. Baxter, S. Shah, A. Gilles, B. Wirth, T. McMillan, W. O. Joron, M. TI Conservatism and novelty in the genetic architecture of adaptation in Heliconius butterflies SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID POPULATION GENOMICS; CONVERGENT EVOLUTION; PATTERN MIMICRY; WARNING COLOR; HYBRID ZONES; DIVERGENCE; MELPOMENE; SELECTION; SUPERGENE; PARALLELISM AB Understanding the genetic architecture of adaptive traits has been at the centre of modern evolutionary biology since Fisher; however, evaluating how the genetic architecture of ecologically important traits influences their diversification has been hampered by the scarcity of empirical data. Now, high-throughput genomics facilitates the detailed exploration of variation in the genome-to-phenotype map among closely related taxa. Here, we investigate the evolution of wing pattern diversity in Heliconius, a clade of neotropical butterflies that have undergone an adaptive radiation for wing-pattern mimicry and are influenced by distinct selection regimes. Using crosses between natural wing-pattern variants, we used genome-wide restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) genotyping, traditional linkage mapping and multivariate image analysis to study the evolution of the architecture of adaptive variation in two closely related species: Heliconius hecale and H. ismenius. We implemented a new morphometric procedure for the analysis of whole-wing pattern variation, which allows visualising spatial heatmaps of genotype-to-phenotype association for each quantitative trait locus separately. We used the H. melpomene reference genome to fine-map variation for each major wing-patterning region uncovered, evaluated the role of candidate genes and compared genetic architectures across the genus. Our results show that, although the loci responding to mimicry selection are highly conserved between species, their effect size and phenotypic action vary throughout the clade. Multilocus architecture is ancestral and maintained across species under directional selection, whereas the single-locus (supergene) inheritance controlling polymorphism in H. numata appears to have evolved only once. Nevertheless, the conservatism in the wing-patterning toolkit found throughout the genus does not appear to constrain phenotypic evolution towards local adaptive optima. C1 [Huber, B.; Whibley, A.; Poul, Y. L.; Shah, A.; Gilles, B.; Wirth, T.; Joron, M.] Museum Natl Hist Nat, UMR CNRS 7205, Inst Systemat Evolut & Biodivers, F-75231 Paris, France. [Huber, B.; Wirth, T.] EPHE, Lab Biol Integrat Populat, F-75006 Paris, France. [Huber, B.; Gilles, B.; McMillan, W. O.; Joron, M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Navarro, N.] Ecole Prat Hautes Etud, Lab PALEVO, Dijon, France. [Navarro, N.] Univ Bourgogne, UMR uB CNRS Biogeosci 6282, Dijon, France. [Martin, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baxter, S.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Mol & Biomed Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Baxter, S.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. [Shah, A.] Univ Bielefeld, Dept Anim Behav, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. RP Huber, B (reprint author), UMR 7205 CNRS EPHE MNHN UPMC, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Inst Systemat Evolut & Biodivers, 45 Rue Buffon,CP50, F-75005 Paris, France. EM babahuber@gmail.com; mathieu.joron@cefe.cnrs.fr RI Wirth, Thierry/B-4915-2008; Navarro, Nicolas/H-2364-2012; OI Navarro, Nicolas/0000-0001-5694-4201; Shah, Abhijeet/0000-0002-0467-4884; Martin, Arnaud/0000-0002-5980-2249 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute short-term fellowship; CNRS ATIP grant; ERC grant (MimEvol); ANR grant (HybEvol) FX We thank Adriana Tapia, Andres Orellana, Cristobal Rios, Catherine Brunton, Moises Abanto, Elizabeth Evans, Nicola Nadeau and Patricio Salazar for help with butterfly collection and breeding; the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (Panama) for collection permits; Lise Frezal, The Gene Pool (Edinburgh Genomics), the BoEM lab (MNHN) and the SSM (MNHN) for assistance with molecular work; Marcus Kronforst for providing primers; John Davey, Kanchon Dasmahapatra, Manmohan Sharma and Robert Jones for assistance with sequence analysis and bioinformatics; Violaine Llaurens and Chris Jiggins for help and comments on the manuscript. We are most grateful to the three anonymous referees whose in-depth reviews improved this work. This work was funded by a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute short-term fellowship to BH, AM and BG and by a CNRS ATIP grant, an ERC grant (MimEvol) and an ANR grant (HybEvol) to MJ. NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 50 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X EI 1365-2540 J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD MAY PY 2015 VL 114 IS 5 SI SI BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1038/hdy.2015.22 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CG1IU UT WOS:000353027100011 PM 25806542 ER PT J AU Helms, JA Kaspari, M AF Helms, J. A. Kaspari, M. TI Reproduction-dispersal tradeoffs in ant queens SO INSECTES SOCIAUX LA English DT Article DE Colony founding; Dispersal tradeoffs; Found or Fly; Mating flight; Reproductive strategy ID IN-FLIGHT MORPHOLOGY; SEED-HARVESTER ANTS; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; FIRE ANT; STORAGE PROTEINS; BROOD PRODUCTION; INSECT FLIGHT; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; COLONY FOUNDATION; SIZE-DIMORPHISM AB Organisms often experience reproduction-dispersal tradeoffs mediated by body size. In ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) the Found or Fly (FoF) Hypothesis states that dispersing queens face an ecological tradeoff between colony founding and flight success mediated by abdominal nutrient loading. If expressed interspecifically, such a tradeoff implies biomechanical costs to more energetically demanding life history strategies. Claustrally founding queens, who carry the entire resource load necessary to fuel early colony growth, may incur flight costs. We characterized the flight morphology of 21 Neotropical species representing four major subfamilies, spanning four orders of magnitude in body mass and practicing several colony founding strategies. Flight morphologies were compared in a phylogenetic context to evaluate how they varied with body size and reproductive ecology. Consistent with FoF, claustral founders had 30 % lower flight muscle ratios (FMR) and trended toward higher abdomen drag than species in which founding queens feed. The two strategies did not differ in wing loading. Instead, claustral founders evolved larger wings, counteracting the effect of heavier abdomens. Heavy nutrient loads pushed several claustral species to theoretical limits of flight by lowering FMR to levels which cause flightlessness in other insects. Selection for higher nutrient loads related to colony founding is a possible mechanism for the recurrent evolution of flightlessness in ants. The importance and conflicting demands of nutrient storage and flight make ant queens ideal organisms for modeling reproduction-dispersal tradeoffs. By emphasizing the role of flight in ant biology, the FoF Hypothesis highlights this tradeoff and provides novel insights into ant evolution. C1 [Helms, J. A.; Kaspari, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kaspari, M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Helms, JA (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jackson.a.helms-1@ou.edu OI Kaspari, Michael/0000-0002-9717-5768 FU National Science Foundation [EF-1065844]; University of Oklahoma FX We thank the Republic of Panama, Barro Colorado Nature Monument and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for allowing us to work on Barro Colorado Island. This project could not have succeeded without Rosemary Knapp who allowed us to use her lab. Adam Kay provided valuable advice. Jon Shik and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the manuscript. This work was supported by National Science Foundation grant EF-1065844 to MK. JAH is funded by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and a University of Oklahoma Alumni Fellowship. NR 92 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 35 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1812 EI 1420-9098 J9 INSECT SOC JI Insect. Soc. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 62 IS 2 BP 171 EP 181 DI 10.1007/s00040-015-0391-9 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CF7FQ UT WOS:000352722000009 ER PT J AU Leonard, JA den Tex, RJ Hawkins, MTR Munoz-Fuentes, V Thorington, R Maldonado, JE AF Leonard, Jennifer A. den Tex, Robert-Jan Hawkins, Melissa T. R. Munoz-Fuentes, Violeta Thorington, Richard Maldonado, Jesus E. TI Phylogeography of vertebrates on the Sunda Shelf: a multi-species comparison SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Comparative phylogeography; extinction; molecular dating; Pleistocene divergence; population divergence; priority effect; Sundaland ID LAST GLACIAL PERIOD; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; POPULATION DIVERGENCE; SHRIKE-BABBLERS; SPECIES LIMITS; RAIN-FORESTS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; DIVERSITY; PHYLOGENY AB Aim Pleistocene environmental fluctuations had well-characterized impacts on the patterns of within-species divergences and diversity in temperate habitats. Here we examine the impact the Pleistocene had on widely distributed forest vertebrates in a tropical system where the distribution of the habitat was affected by those fluctuations. LocationSundaland, tropical Southeast Asia. Methods We conducted a comparative phylogeographical analysis of 28 non-migratory, forest-dependent vertebrates, for which we constructed rooted, intraspecifc phylogenies based on mitochondrial DNA sequences of individuals from at least the three major landmasses in the area (Borneo, Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula) and compared them to hypothetical phylogenies based on independent geological data and climate models regarding connections and relationships between the major landmasses of Sundaland. Java was included where possible. We dated the phylogenies to determine whether patterns of differentiation were concordant across species. Results In most species, populations on the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra were most closely related, and sister to those from Borneo. The dates of these divergences, however, varied extensively between species. Borneo harbours multiple deeply divergent lineages of many species compared to the diversity within those species. Javan populations of several birds were most divergent relative to those from the rest of the Sunda Shelf. Main conclusions These results suggest a dynamic history, including recurrent population extinctions and replacements and a strong priority effect for local populations. The close relationship between populations in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula supports the existence of forest on the exposed shelf during the Pleistocene at many different times, and suggests that proximity was more important than the presence of palaeorivers for dispersal of forest taxa between landmasses. C1 [Leonard, Jennifer A.; Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Munoz-Fuentes, Violeta] Estn Biol Donana EBD CSIC, Conservat & Evolutionary Genet Grp, Seville 41092, Spain. [Leonard, Jennifer A.; den Tex, Robert-Jan; Munoz-Fuentes, Violeta] Uppsala Univ, Dept Evolutionary Biol, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Thorington, Richard; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Leonard, JA (reprint author), Estn Biol Donana EBD CSIC, Conservat & Evolutionary Genet Grp, Avda Amer Vespucio S-N, Seville 41092, Spain. EM jleonard@ebd.csic.es RI CSIC, EBD Donana/C-4157-2011; Leonard, Jennifer/A-7894-2010 OI CSIC, EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602; Leonard, Jennifer/0000-0003-0291-7819 FU Spanish Research Council [CGL2010-21524]; Spanish Research Council/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); EU Marie Curie Mobility and Training Programme FX Antonia Gorog is cordially thanked for invaluable help and rapidly making the cytb sequence data of Leopoldamys sabanus, Maxomys surifer and M. whiteheadi available for this study. We also thank Ines Sanchez-Donoso for her assistance with figure preparation. The Spanish Research Council supported this work (CGL2010-21524). V.M.F. was supported by the Spanish Research Council/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) and the EU Marie Curie Mobility and Training Programme. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 42 IS 5 BP 871 EP 879 DI 10.1111/jbi.12465 PG 9 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA CF8GH UT WOS:000352793700006 ER PT J AU Lohan, KMP Hill-Spanik, KM Torchin, ME Strong, EE Fleischer, RC Ruiz, GM AF Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp Hill-Spanik, Kristina M. Torchin, Mark E. Strong, Ellen E. Fleischer, Robert C. Ruiz, Gregory M. TI Molecular phylogenetics reveals first record and invasion of Saccostrea species in the Caribbean SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; MANGROVE OYSTERS CRASSOSTREA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; HAPLOSPORIDIUM-NELSONI; SEA-CHESTS; OSTREIDAE; BIVALVIA; IDENTIFICATION; ECOSYSTEM; INVERTEBRATES AB Taxonomic uncertainty often limits our ability to resolve biogeographic patterns and discern biological invasions. Within the bivalve mollusks, this uncertainty is particularly acute for oysters, as the high degree of phenotypic plasticity of their shells creates taxonomic confusion. The integration of molecular data with shell morphology can differentiate species, providing new insights into biogeography, invasions, and ecology of this functionally important group. As an initial step in resolving the identities and current geographic distributions of oyster species, sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene were combined with morphological criteria to confirm the identities of ten oyster species of Ostreidae, Isognomonidae, and Pteriidae, focusing on the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Panama, since tropical biota have received the least study. The results indicate that Crassostrea virginica, previously only reported from this region along the Yucatan Peninsula and coast of Venezuela, also occurs in the Caribbean waters of Panama. We also document the first record for a species of Saccostrea, a genus native to the Pacific, suggesting an invasion by an unknown non-native Saccostrea species that is now widespread along the Caribbean from the Panama Canal west to Bocas del Toro. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) of the ribosomal gene complex (rDNA) did not reveal any hybridization. Considering the high connectivity of shipping and boating in Panama, Saccostrea sp. may have been introduced to the Caribbean by either recreational or commercial vessels, but the timing and potential ecological effects of this invasion remain unknown. C1 [Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp; Hill-Spanik, Kristina M.; Fleischer, Robert C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp; Hill-Spanik, Kristina M.; Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Torchin, Mark E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. [Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Lohan, KMP (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM lohank@si.edu OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X; Lohan, Katrina/0000-0003-3885-7985 FU Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Grant; Smithsonian Institution MarineGEO Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank Gabriel Jacome and Plinio Gondola at the Smithsonian Bocas del Toro Marine Station for assistance and discussions on local bivalve species. Dr. Carmen Schloder assisted with field collections and obtaining permits. We thank Dr. Ilya Temkin (NOVA) for assistance with identifying members of the Isognomonidae and John Wilk (UIC) for sharing his data and confirming the identity of the second species of Isognomon. Dr. Mark Minton assisted with the creation of maps in ArcGIS. Nancy Rotzel McInerney provided lab logistical support at CCEG. A Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Grant funded this project. A Smithsonian Institution MarineGEO Postdoctoral Fellowship funded KM Pagenkopp Lohan. This is contribution number 2 from the Smithsonian's Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 16 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0025-3162 EI 1432-1793 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 162 IS 5 BP 957 EP 968 DI 10.1007/s00227-015-2637-5 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CF8IC UT WOS:000352798800005 ER PT J AU Faircloth, BC Branstetter, MG White, ND Brady, SG AF Faircloth, Brant C. Branstetter, Michael G. White, Noor D. Brady, Sean G. TI Target enrichment of ultraconserved elements from arthropods provides a genomic perspective on relationships among Hymenoptera SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE arthropods; baits; conserved sequence; Hymenoptera; probes; target enrichment; ultraconserved elements ID HONEYBEE APIS-MELLIFERA; DNA-SEQUENCING DATA; MOLECULAR-DATA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; SPECIES RICHNESS; SOCIAL INSECTS; SISTER GROUP; ANTS; EVOLUTION; DIVERSIFICATION AB Gaining a genomic perspective on phylogeny requires the collection of data from many putatively independent loci across the genome. Among insects, an increasingly common approach to collecting this class of data involves transcriptome sequencing, because few insects have high-quality genome sequences available; assembling new genomes remains a limiting factor; the transcribed portion of the genome is a reasonable, reduced subset of the genome to target; and the data collected from transcribed portions of the genome are similar in composition to the types of data with which biologists have traditionally worked (e.g. exons). However, molecular techniques requiring RNA as a template, including transcriptome sequencing, are limited to using very high-quality source materials, which are often unavailable from a large proportion of biologically important insect samples. Recent research suggests that DNA-based target enrichment of conserved genomic elements offers another path to collecting phylogenomic data across insect taxa, provided that conserved elements are present in and can be collected from insect genomes. Here, we identify a large set (n=1510) of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) shared among the insect order Hymenoptera. We used in silico analyses to show that these loci accurately reconstruct relationships among genome-enabled hymenoptera, and we designed a set of RNA baits (n=2749) for enriching these loci that researchers can use with DNA templates extracted from a variety of sources. We used our UCE bait set to enrich an average of 721 UCE loci from 30 hymenopteran taxa, and we used these UCE loci to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships spanning very old (220Ma) to very young (1Ma) divergences among hymenopteran lineages. In contrast to a recent study addressing hymenopteran phylogeny using transcriptome data, we found ants to be sister to all remaining aculeate lineages with complete support, although this result could be explained by factors such as taxon sampling. We discuss this approach and our results in the context of elucidating the evolutionary history of one of the most diverse and speciose animal orders. C1 [Faircloth, Brant C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Faircloth, Brant C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Branstetter, Michael G.; Brady, Sean G.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [White, Noor D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [White, Noor D.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Faircloth, BC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM brant@faircloth-lab.org OI White, Noor/0000-0002-9510-3744; Faircloth, Brant/0000-0002-1943-0217 FU Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet; Smithsonian Institution Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship; NSF [DEB-1354739, DEB-1354996]; Amazon Web Services Education Grant FX A Smithsonian Institution grant from the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet (to SGB, BCF, and NDW) provided most of the funding for this project and support for NDW's participation. A Smithsonian Institution Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship and NSF grants DEB-1354739 and DEB-1354996 (project ADMAC) supported MGB. NSF DEB-1242260 (to BCF) and an Amazon Web Services Education Grant (to BCF) supported computational portions of this work. NSF EF-0431330 (to SGB) provided resources to obtain some specimens used in this study. This study was also supported in part by resources and technical expertise from the Georgia Advanced Computing Resource Center, a partnership between the University of Georgia's Office of the Vice President for Research and Office of the Vice President for Information Technology. NR 89 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 11 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 15 IS 3 BP 489 EP 501 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12328 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CF6FY UT WOS:000352653700004 PM 25207863 ER PT J AU Hwang, GC Post, JE Lee, Y AF Hwang, Gil Chan Post, Jeffrey E. Lee, Yongjae TI In situ high-pressure synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study of tunnel manganese oxide minerals: hollandite, romanechite, and todorokite SO PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS LA English DT Article DE Manganese oxide; Hollandite; Romanechite; Todorokite; High pressure ID REFINEMENT; NATROLITES; ZEOLITES; BEHAVIOR; PHASE AB In situ high-pressure synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction study of three tunnel manganese oxide minerals (hollandite with 2 x 2 MnO6 octahedra tunnels, romanechite with 2 x 3 tunnels, and todorokite with 3 x 3 tunnels) was performed using a diamond anvil cell and nominally penetrating alcohol and water mixture as a pressure-transmitting medium up to similar to 8 GPa. Bulk moduli (B (0)) calculated using Murnaghan's equation of state are inversely proportional to the size of the tunnel, i.e., 134(4) GPa for hollandite (I2/m), 108(2) GPa for romanechite (C2/m), and 67(5) GPa for todorokite (P2/m). On the other hand, axial compressibilities show different elastic anisotropies depending on the size of the tunnel, i.e., (a/a (0)) = -0.00066(3) GPa(-1), (b/b (0)) = 0.00179(8) GPa(-1), (c/c (0)) = 0.00637(4) GPa(-1) [c > b > a] for hollandite; (a/a (0)) = 0.00485(4) GPa(-1), (b/b (0)) = 0.0016(1) GPa(-1), (c/c (0)) = 0.00199(8) GPa(-1) [a > c > b] for romanechite; and (a/a (0)) = 0.00826(9) GPa(-1), (b/b (0)) = 0.0054(1) GPa(-1), (c/c (0)) = 0.00081(8) GPa(-1) [a > b > c] for todorokite. Overall, the degree of tunnel distortion increases with increasing pressure and correlates with the size of the tunnel, which is evidenced by the gradual increases in the monoclinic beta angles up to 3 GPa of 0.62A degrees, 0.8A degrees, and 1.15A degrees in hollandite, romanechite, and todorokite, respectively. The compression of tunnel manganese oxides is related to the tunnel distortion and the size of the tunnel. C1 [Hwang, Gil Chan; Lee, Yongjae] Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Post, Jeffrey E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Lee, Y (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM yongjaelee@yonsei.ac.kr RI Lee, Yongjae/K-6566-2016 FU Global Research Laboratory Program of the Korean Ministry of Science, ICT and Planning (MSIP); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Yonsei University [2014-12-0140]; NSF [EAR-0745374, EAR11-47728] FX This work was supported by the Global Research Laboratory Program of the Korean Ministry of Science, ICT and Planning (MSIP). Experiments using synchrotron were supported by Pohang Accelerator Laboratory in Korea through the abroad beamtime program of Synchrotron Radiation Facility Project under the MSIP and have been performed under the approval of the NSLS. Research carried out in part at the NSLS at BNL is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. GCH thanks the support from the Yonsei University Research Fund of 2014-12-0140. JEP acknowledges funding by NSF grants EAR-0745374 and EAR11-47728. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-1791 EI 1432-2021 J9 PHYS CHEM MINER JI Phys. Chem. Miner. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 42 IS 5 BP 405 EP 411 DI 10.1007/s00269-014-0731-8 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy SC Materials Science; Mineralogy GA CF9RT UT WOS:000352904400007 ER PT J AU Huffer, D Oxenham, M AF Huffer, Damien Oxenham, Marc TI How Much Life do I Lose from the Plague? Educational Board Games as Teaching Tools in Archaeology and Ancient History Courses SO PUBLIC ARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ancient history; archaeology; course design; educational board games; pedagogy AB This article describes the development, implementation, assessment, debriefing and outcomes, and potential uses of a university student-driven educational gaming project, as a major assessment item in an archaeology course entitled Ancient Medicine'. Discussion of these various aspects of the project is explored in the context of educational gaming theory and practice. We demonstrate that educational board games not only represent an effective method for students to retain and convey information in courses exploring the history and archaeology of medicine, but provide such a platform for undergraduate courses in general. Furthermore, we argue that they can present a cost-effective, fun and less time-/resource-intensive alternative to electronic or web-based projects, while still being an attractive addition to traditional classroom teaching methods. C1 [Huffer, Damien] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Oxenham, Marc] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Oxenham, M (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Sch Archaeol & Anthropol, AD Hope Bldg 14, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM hufferd@si.edu; Marc.Oxenham@anu.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1465-5187 EI 1753-5530 J9 PUBLIC ARCHAEOL JI Public Archaeol. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 14 IS 2 BP 81 EP 91 DI 10.1080/14655187.2015.1112692 PG 11 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA DP6PY UT WOS:000378620900002 ER PT J AU Grosholz, ED Crafton, RE Fontana, RE Pasari, JR Williams, SL Zabin, CJ AF Grosholz, Edwin D. Crafton, R. Eliot Fontana, Rachel E. Pasari, Jae R. Williams, Susan L. Zabin, Chela J. TI Aquaculture as a vector for marine invasions in California SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Invasive; Marine; Aquaculture; Vector; Impacts; California ID BALLAST WATER; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; ESTUARINE; ECOLOGY AB Although ballast water and hull fouling are widely recognized as important vectors for marine invasions, the risk posed by commercial aquaculture remains poorly quantified. To understand the importance of aquaculture as an invasion vector in California, we conducted an analysis of both current and historical introductions of marine and estuarine species associated with aquaculture using a comprehensive database ('NEMESIS') and permitting records for species imported into California. Our results showed that 126 non-native species associated with commercial aquaculture have been reported from California waters and 106 of these have become established. The vast majority are unintentional introductions linked to historical importation practices of the aquaculture industry. To understand the consequences of these invasions, we reviewed the literature on the impacts of mollusk and algal species introduced into California via aquaculture. Of the few studies we found, the majority demonstrated negative impacts on native species. Finally and significantly, we found that changes in aquaculture importation practices over the past decade have resulted in most shellfish currently being imported as larvae or juveniles. Consequently, rates of unintentional introductions have been reduced. We cautiously conclude that current aquaculture importation in California represents a minor risk as a vector for introductions of NIS. C1 [Grosholz, Edwin D.; Zabin, Chela J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Crafton, R. Eliot; Fontana, Rachel E.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fontana, Rachel E.; Pasari, Jae R.; Williams, Susan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [Fontana, Rachel E.; Pasari, Jae R.; Williams, Susan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [Fontana, Rachel E.] NOAA, Off Ocean & Atmospher Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Zabin, Chela J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. RP Grosholz, ED (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM tedgrosholz@ucdavis.edu FU California Ocean Protection Council; California Ocean Science Trust FX We wish to thank the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center's Marine Invasions Research Laboratory and in particular G. Ruiz, B. Steves and P. Fofonoff, for facilitating access to the NEMESIS California database. We would also like to thank the many state and federal agency officials who volunteered their time and effort for our work including K. Holzer, J. Moore and K. Ramey. We also thank the Executive Director (S. McAfee) and staff of the Ocean Science Trust (R. Gentry, E. Kramer-Wilt) for facilitating the project and coordinating project investigators. This work was supported by the California Ocean Protection Council through Proposition 84 funds as well as additional support from the California Ocean Science Trust. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD MAY PY 2015 VL 17 IS 5 BP 1471 EP 1484 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0808-9 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CF3HK UT WOS:000352438800015 ER PT J AU Fehlauer-Ale, KH Winston, JE Tilbrook, KJ Nascimento, KB Vieira, LM AF Fehlauer-Ale, Karin H. Winston, Judith E. Tilbrook, Kevin J. Nascimento, Karine B. Vieira, Leandro M. TI Identifying monophyletic groups within Bugula sensu lato ( Bryozoa, Buguloidea) SO ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; CHEILOSTOMATA; PATTERNS; SHORELINE; SEQUENCES; TAXONOMY; NERITINA; BARCODE; KOREA; COAST AB Species in the genus Bugula are globally distributed. They are most abundant in tropical and temperate shallow waters, but representatives are found in polar regions. Seven species occur in the Arctic and one in the Antarctic and species are represented in continental shelf or greater depths as well. The main characters used to define the genus include bird's head pedunculate avicularia, erect colonies, embryos brooded in globular ooecia and branches comprising two or more series of zooids. Skeletal morphology has been the primary source of taxonomic information for many calcified bryozoan groups, including the Buguloidea. Several morphological characters, however, have been suggested to be homoplastic at distinct taxonomic levels, in the light of molecular phylogenies. Our purpose was to investigate the phylogenetic interrelationships of the genus Bugula, based on molecular phylogenetics and morphology. A Bayesian molecular phylogeny was constructed using original and previously published sequences of the mitochondrial genes cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the large ribosomal RNA subunit (16S). Morphological characteristics from scanning electron and light microscopy were used to confirm the clades detected by the molecular phylogeny. Our results suggest that the genus is composed of four clades, for which we provide diagnoses: Bugula sensu stricto (30 species), Bugulina (24 species), Crisularia (23 species) and the monotypic Virididentula gen. n. Ten species could not be assigned to any of those genera, so they remain as genus incertae sedis. Our findings highlight the importance of using molecular phylogenies in association with morphological characters in systematic revisions of bryozoan taxa. C1 [Fehlauer-Ale, Karin H.] Univ Fed Parana, Ctr Estudos Mar, Lab Bentos, BR-83255976 Pontal Do Parana, PR, Brazil. [Fehlauer-Ale, Karin H.; Nascimento, Karine B.; Vieira, Leandro M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Biol Marinha, Lab Sistemat & Evolucao Bryozoa, BR-05588000 Sao Sebastiao, SP, Brazil. [Winston, Judith E.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Tilbrook, Kevin J.] Univ Oxford, Museum Nat Hist, Oxford OX1 3PW, England. [Vieira, Leandro M.] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Zool, Ctr Ciencias Biol, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil. RP Fehlauer-Ale, KH (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Ctr Estudos Mar, Lab Bentos, Ave Beira Mar,Caixa Postal 61, BR-83255976 Pontal Do Parana, PR, Brazil. EM fehlauer.ale@gmail.com; judithewinston@gmail.com; kevin_j_tilbrook@yahoo.co.uk; kbnasc@gmail.com; leandromanzoni@hotmail.com RI Vieira, Leandro/B-7712-2011; Hoch Fehlauer Ale, Karin/D-6628-2011; OI Hoch Fehlauer Ale, Karin/0000-0002-6617-2062; Manzoni Vieira, Leandro/0000-0001-8661-8861 FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [151221/2013-8, 305608/2006-1, 474605/2013-2, 564945/2010-2 - 'BrBol']; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2009/08940-7, 2009/08941-3, 2012/24285-1] FX This is a contribution of the Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Parana (CEM/UFPR), the Center for Marine Biology of the University of Sao Paulo (CEBIMar/USP) and the Center for Marine Biodiversity Research (NP-BioMar/USP). This research was partially supported by The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (151221/2013-8, granted to Paulo C. Lana and Karin H. Fehlauer-Ale; 305608/2006-1, 474605/2013-2, granted to Leandro M. Vieira; 564945/2010-2 - 'BrBol', granted to Mariana C de Oliveira) and the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (2009/08940-7, granted to Karin H Fehlauer-Ale; 2009/08941-3 to Alvaro E Migotto; 2012/24285-1, granted to Leandro M Vieira). Contribution no. 979 from the Smithsonian Marine Station, Fort Pierce, Florida. We wish to thank Alvaro E. Migotto (Center for Marine Biology of the University of Sao Paulo), Paulo C. Lana (Center for Marine Studies of the Federal University of Parana) and Tim Littlewood (Natural History Museum of London) for providing laboratory and office facilities. Several collaborators donated exemplars and/or helped with fieldwork, and we are very grateful to all of them: Alberto Lindner (Federal University of Santa Catarina), Andrea Waeschenbach (Natural History Museum of London), Arnaud Czaja (Imperial College of London), Dennis Gordon (National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research), Javier Souto (University of Santiago de Compostela), Judith Fuchs (Marine Biological Association UK), Oscar Reverter-Gil (University of Santiago de Compostela) and Rosana M. da Rocha (Federal University of Parana). Andrew Ostrovsky provided helpful information on brood chamber structures included in this study. Three anonymous reviewers provided very helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscript. NR 113 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0300-3256 EI 1463-6409 J9 ZOOL SCR JI Zool. Scr. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 44 IS 3 BP 334 EP 347 DI 10.1111/zsc.12103 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA CF5PG UT WOS:000352608600008 ER PT J AU Sues, HD Averianov, A AF Sues, Hans-Dieter Averianov, Alexander TI New material of Caenagnathasia martinsoni (Dinosauria: Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dinosauria; Theropoda; Oviraptorosauria; Caenagnathidae; Cretaceous; Uzbekistan ID OSTEOLOGY; ASIA AB The oviraptorosaurian theropod Caenagnathasia martinsoni is the least common dinosaur taxon in the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) vertebrate assemblage from the Bissekty Formation of the Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan. The dentaries show numerous caenagnathid synapomorphies, including a fused dentary symphysis bearing distinct vascular grooves and associated foramina on its lingual surface, a lingual triturating shelf on the dentary, and extensive pneumatization of the dentary. Cervical and dorsal vertebrae attributed to C. martinsoni show a structure typical for Caenagnathoidea, whereas a referred partial femur is relatively plesiomorphic in having a large, finger-like anterior (lesser) trochanter separated from the greater trochanter. A referred synsacrum has only four vertebrae but may represent an immature individual. Caenagnathasia martinsoni is closely related to the clade comprising the North American Campanian-Maastrichtian caenagnathids. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sues, Hans-Dieter] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Averianov, Alexander] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Averianov, Alexander] St Petersburg State Univ, Geol Fac, Dept Sedimentary, St Petersburg 199178, Russia. RP Sues, HD (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM suesh@si.edu; dzharakuduk@mail.ru RI Averianov, Alexander/M-8490-2013 OI Averianov, Alexander/0000-0001-5948-0799 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-9804771, EAR-0207004]; National Geographic Society [5901-97, 6281-98]; Navoi Mining and Metallurgy Combinat; Russian Scientific Fund [14-14-00015] FX Fieldwork in Uzbekistan was facilitated by and conducted in cooperation with the Zoological Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, particularly D.A. Azimov and Y.A. Chikin. For their efforts in the field, scientific expertise, and camaraderie, we thank A.V. Abramov, J.D. Archibald, G.O. Cherepanov, I.G. Danilov, S. Dominguez, C. King, N. Morris, C.M. Redman, A.S. Resvyi, C. Skrabec, P.P. Skutschas, E.V. Syromyatnikova, and DJ. Ward. We thank P.R. Bell, Editor E. Koutsoukos, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on a draft of the manuscript. The field work in 1997-2006 was funded by the National Science Foundation (EAR-9804771 and EAR-0207004 to J.D. Archibald and H.-D. Sues), the National Geographic Society (#5901-97 and #6281-98 to J.D. Archibald and H.-D. Sues), and the Navoi Mining and Metallurgy Combinat. The laboratory research by AA is supported by the Russian Scientific Fund (14-14-00015). NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 54 BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2014.12.001 PG 10 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA CE4KR UT WOS:000351800000005 ER PT J AU Wang, HQ Richardson, MI AF Wang, Huiqun Richardson, Mark I. TI The origin, evolution, and trajectory of large dust storms on Mars during Mars years 24-30 (1999-2011) SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars; Mars, atmosphere; Image processing ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; GLOBAL SURVEYOR; ORBITER CAMERA; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE; DYNAMICS; OPACITY; SURFACE; WAVES AB Mars Daily Global Maps (MDGM) derived from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Mars Color Imager (MARCI) are used to study the distribution and evolution of large dust storms over the period from Mars years 24-30 (1999-2001). Large storms are defined here as discrete dust events visible in image sequences extending over at least 5 sols (Mars days) and where the dust covers areas beyond the origination region. A total of 65 large dust storms meeting these criteria are identified during the observational period and all are observed during the L-s = 135-30 degrees seasonal window. Dust storms originating in the northern and southern hemispheres appear to form two distinct families. All but two of the storms originating in the northern hemisphere are observed in two seasonal windows at L-s = 180-240 degrees and L-s = 305-350 degrees; while all but two of those originating in the southern hemisphere are observed during L-s = 135-245 degrees. None of the large dust storms originating in the northern hemisphere are observed to develop to global scale, but some of them develop into large regional storms with peak area >1 x 10(7) km(2) and duration on the order of several weeks. In comparison, large dust storms originating in the southern hemisphere are typically much smaller, except notably in the two cases that expanded to global scale (the 2001 and 2007 global storms). Distinct locations of preferred storm origination emerge from the dust storm image sequences, including Acidalia, Utopia, Arcadia and Hellas. A route (trajectory) 'graph' for the observed sequences is provided. The routes are highly asymmetric between the two hemispheres. In the south, for non-global dust storms, the main routes are primarily oriented eastwest, whereas in the north, the routes are primarily north-south and zonally-concentrated into meridional channels. In a few impressive cases, storms originating in the northern hemisphere are observed to "flush" through Acidalia and Utopia, across the equator, and then branch in the low- and mid-southern latitudes. The origin of the 2007 global dust storm is ambiguous from the imaging data. Immediately prior to the global storm, a dust storm sequence from Chryse is identified. This storm's connection to the explosive expansion observed to start from Noachis/ West Hellas is unclear due to image coverage. This paper further identifies and describes three different styles of dust storm development, which we refer to as "consecutive dust storms", "sequential activation" and "merging." The evolution of a given dust storm sequence can exhibit different combinations of these growth styles at different stages of development. Dust storm sequences can overlap in time, which makes them good candidate to grow into larger scale. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Huiqun] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Richardson, Mark I.] Ashima Res, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. RP Wang, HQ (reprint author), MS 50,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM hwang@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA's Mars Data Analysis program FX This paper is supported by NASA's Mars Data Analysis program. We thank Michael D. Smith for providing the gridded TES and THE-MIS data that are used in Fig. 9. We thank Michael D. Smith and Alexey Pankine for their reviews. NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD MAY 1 PY 2015 VL 251 BP 112 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.10.033 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0FQ UT WOS:000351480300008 ER PT J AU Nelles, A Schellart, P Buitink, S Corstanje, A de Vries, KD Enriquez, JE Falcke, H Frieswijk, W Horandel, JR Scholten, O ter Veen, S Thoudam, S van den Akker, M Anderson, J Asgekar, A Bell, ME Bentum, MJ Bernardi, G Best, P Bregman, J Breitling, F Broderick, J Brouw, WN Bruggen, M Butcher, HR Ciardi, B Deller, A Duscha, S Eisloffel, J Fallows, RA Garrett, MA Gunst, AW Hassall, TE Heald, G Horneffer, A Iacobelli, M Juette, E Karastergiou, A Kondratiev, VI Kramer, M Kuniyoshi, M Kuper, G Maat, P Mann, G Mevius, M Norden, MJ Paas, H Pandey-Pommier, M Pietka, G Pizzo, R Polatidis, AG Reich, W Rottgering, H Scaife, AMM Schwarz, D Smirnov, O Stappers, BW Steinmetz, M Stewart, A Tagger, M Tang, Y Tasse, C Vermeulen, R Vocks, C van Weeren, RJ Wijnholds, SJ Wucknitz, O Yatawatta, S Zarka, P AF Nelles, A. Schellart, P. Buitink, S. Corstanje, A. de Vries, K. D. Enriquez, J. E. Falcke, H. Frieswijk, W. Hoerandel, J. R. Scholten, O. ter Veen, S. Thoudam, S. van den Akker, M. Anderson, J. Asgekar, A. Bell, M. E. Bentum, M. J. Bernardi, G. Best, P. Bregman, J. Breitling, F. Broderick, J. Brouw, W. N. Brueggen, M. Butcher, H. R. Ciardi, B. Deller, A. Duscha, S. Eisloeffel, J. Fallows, R. A. Garrett, M. A. Gunst, A. W. Hassall, T. E. Heald, G. Horneffer, A. Iacobelli, M. Juette, E. Karastergiou, A. Kondratiev, V. I. Kramer, M. Kuniyoshi, M. Kuper, G. Maat, P. Mann, G. Mevius, M. Norden, M. J. Paas, H. Pandey-Pommier, M. Pietka, G. Pizzo, R. Polatidis, A. G. Reich, W. Roettgering, H. Scaife, A. M. M. Schwarz, D. Smirnov, O. Stappers, B. W. Steinmetz, M. Stewart, A. Tagger, M. Tang, Y. Tasse, C. Vermeulen, R. Vocks, C. van Weeren, R. J. Wijnholds, S. J. Wucknitz, O. Yatawatta, S. Zarka, P. TI Measuring a Cherenkov ring in the radio emission from air showers at 110-190 MHz with LOFAR SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cosmic rays; Extensive air showers; Radio emission; LOFAR; Time-compression ID PULSES; RADIATION; ARRAY AB Measuring radio emission from air showers offers a novel way to determine properties of the primary cosmic rays such as their mass and energy. Theory predicts that relativistic time compression effects lead to a ring of amplified emission which starts to dominate the emission pattern for frequencies above similar to 100 MHz. In this article we present the first detailed measurements of this structure. Ring structures in the radio emission of air showers are measured with the LOFAR radio telescope in the frequency range of 110-190 MHz. These data are well described by CoREAS simulations. They clearly confirm the importance of including the index of refraction of air as a function of height. Furthermore, the presence of the Cherenkov ring offers the possibility for a geometrical measurement of the depth of shower maximum, which in turn depends on the mass of the primary particle. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nelles, A.; Schellart, P.; Buitink, S.; Corstanje, A.; Enriquez, J. E.; Falcke, H.; Hoerandel, J. R.; ter Veen, S.; Thoudam, S.; van den Akker, M.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Nelles, A.; Falcke, H.; Hoerandel, J. R.] Nikhef, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands. [de Vries, K. D.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Falcke, H.; Frieswijk, W.; Asgekar, A.; Bentum, M. J.; Bregman, J.; Brouw, W. N.; Deller, A.; Duscha, S.; Fallows, R. A.; Garrett, M. A.; Gunst, A. W.; Heald, G.; Kondratiev, V. I.; Kuper, G.; Maat, P.; Mevius, M.; Norden, M. J.; Pizzo, R.; Polatidis, A. G.; Tang, Y.; Vermeulen, R.; Wijnholds, S. J.; Yatawatta, S.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Falcke, H.; Horneffer, A.; Kramer, M.; Kuniyoshi, M.; Reich, W.; Wucknitz, O.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Scholten, O.] Univ Groningen, KVI, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. [Anderson, J.; Breitling, F.; Mann, G.; Steinmetz, M.; Vocks, C.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Asgekar, A.] Shell Technol Ctr, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Bell, M. E.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Bernardi, G.; van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Best, P.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Broderick, J.; Hassall, T. E.; Scaife, A. M. M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Brouw, W. N.; Mevius, M.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Brueggen, M.] Univ Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Butcher, H. R.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Ciardi, B.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Eisloeffel, J.] Thuringer Landesstemwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Garrett, M. A.; Iacobelli, M.; Roettgering, H.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Hassall, T. E.; Kramer, M.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Juette, E.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Karastergiou, A.; Stewart, A.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Kondratiev, V. I.] Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Paas, H.] Univ Groningen, CIT, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. [Pandey-Pommier, M.] Observ Lyon, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Schwarz, D.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Smirnov, O.] Rhodes Univ, Ctr Radio Astron Techn ET Technol RATT, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Smirnov, O.] SKA South Afr, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Tagger, M.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, LPC2E, F-45067 Orleans, France. [Tasse, C.; Zarka, P.] Observ Paris, LESIA, UMR CNRS 8109, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Wucknitz, O.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Nelles, A (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM a.nelles@astro.ru.nl RI Tagger, Michel/O-6615-2014; Ciardi, Benedetta/N-7625-2015; Kondratiev, Vladislav/N-1105-2015; Yatawatta, Sarod/E-6037-2013; OI Tagger, Michel/0000-0003-2962-3220; Kondratiev, Vladislav/0000-0001-8864-7471; Yatawatta, Sarod/0000-0001-5619-4017; Deller, Adam/0000-0001-9434-3837; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Samenwerkingsverband Noord-Nederland (SNN); Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); VENI [639-041-130]; Advanced Grant of the European Research Council; European Union [227610] FX We thank both the internal and external reviewers for the fruitful discussions regarding this article. The LOFAR cosmic ray key science project very much acknowledges the scientific and technical support from ASTRON. Furthermore, we acknowledge financial support from the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), the Samenwerkingsverband Noord-Nederland (SNN), the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), VENI Grant 639-041-130. We acknowledge funding from an Advanced Grant of the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 227610. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD MAY PY 2015 VL 65 BP 11 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.11.006 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CB6GK UT WOS:000349725300002 ER PT J AU Perez, K Hailey, CJ Bauer, FE Krivonos, RA Mori, K Baganoff, FK Barriere, NM Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Craig, WW Grefenstette, BW Grindlay, JE Harrison, FA Hong, J Madsen, KK Nynka, M Stern, D Tomsick, JA Wik, DR Zhang, S Zhang, WW Zoglauer, A AF Perez, Kerstin Hailey, Charles J. Bauer, Franz E. Krivonos, Roman A. Mori, Kaya Baganoff, Frederick K. Barriere, Nicolas M. Boggs, Steven E. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Grefenstette, Brian W. Grindlay, Jonathan E. Harrison, Fiona A. Hong, Jaesub Madsen, Kristin K. Nynka, Melania Stern, Daniel Tomsick, John A. Wik, Daniel R. Zhang, Shuo Zhang, William W. Zoglauer, Andreas TI Extended hard-X-ray emission in the inner few parsecs of the Galaxy SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; SAGITTARIUS-A-EAST; GALACTIC-CENTER; BLACK-HOLE; MILLISECOND PULSARS; CANDIDATE; RIDGE; SGR; VARIABILITY; LUMINOSITY AB The Galactic Centre hosts a puzzling stellar population in its inner few parsecs, with a high abundance of surprisingly young, relatively massive stars bound within the deep potential well of the central supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A* (ref. 1). Previous studies suggest that the population of objects emitting soft X-rays (less than 10 kiloelectronvolts) within the surrounding hundreds of parsecs, as well as the population responsible for unresolved X-ray emission extending along the Galactic plane, is dominated by accreting white dwarf systems'. Observations of diffuse hardX-ray (more than 10 kiloelectronvolts) emission in the inner 10 parsecs, however, have been hampered by the limited spatial resolution of previous instruments. Here we report the presence of a distinct hard-X-ray component within the central 4 X 8 parsecs, as revealed by subarcminute-resolution images in the 20-40 kiloelectronvolt range. This emission is more sharply peaked towards the Galactic Centre than is the surface brightness of the soft-X-ray population'. This could indicate a significantly more massive population of accreting white dwarfs, large populations of lowmass X-ray binaries or millisecond pulsars, or particle outflows interacting with the surrounding radiation field, dense molecular material or magnetic fields. However, all these interpretations pose significant challenges to our understanding of stellar evolution, binary formation, and cosmic-ray production in the Galactic Centre. C1 [Perez, Kerstin; Hailey, Charles J.; Mori, Kaya; Nynka, Melania; Zhang, Shuo] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Perez, Kerstin] Haverford Coll, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Bauer, Franz E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, Franz E.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Bauer, Franz E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Krivonos, Roman A.; Barriere, Nicolas M.; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.; Tomsick, John A.; Zoglauer, Andreas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Baganoff, Frederick K.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Christensen, Finn E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Grefenstette, Brian W.; Harrison, Fiona A.; Madsen, Kristin K.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Grindlay, Jonathan E.; Hong, Jaesub] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Wik, Daniel R.; Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Perez, K (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 West 120th St,Room 1027, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM kperez1@haverford.edu RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Madsen, Kristin/0000-0003-1252-4891; Krivonos, Roman/0000-0003-2737-5673 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; Basal-CATA [PFB-06/2007]; CONICYT-Chile [FONDECYT 1141218, EMBIGGEN Anillo ACT1101]; Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo [IC120009] FX This work was supported by NASA contract no. NNGO8FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by NASA. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). We also than kA. Canipe, J. Dodaro, D. Hong and T.V.T. Luu for assistance with data preparation and analysis. F.E.B. acknowledges support from Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007, CONICYT-Chile (FONDECYT 1141218 and EMBIGGEN Anillo ACT1101), and Project IC120009 "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" funded by the Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 30 PY 2015 VL 520 IS 7549 BP 646 EP U138 DI 10.1038/nature14353 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0DQ UT WOS:000353689700043 PM 25925477 ER PT J AU Pukazhenthi, BS Nagashima, J Travis, AJ Costa, GM Escobar, EN Franca, LR Wildt, DE AF Pukazhenthi, Budhan S. Nagashima, Jennifer Travis, Alexander J. Costa, Guilherme M. Escobar, Enrique N. Franca, Luiz R. Wildt, David E. TI Slow Freezing, but Not Vitrification Supports Complete Spermatogenesis in Cryopreserved, Neonatal Sheep Testicular Xenografts SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TESTIS TISSUE; RECIPIENT MICE; SPERMATOGONIAL SURVIVAL; GENETIC MATERIAL; GONADAL TISSUES; MOUSE TESTES; SPERM; PORCINE; CELLS; TRANSPLANTATION AB The ability to spur growth of early stage gametic cells recovered from neonates could lead to significant advances in rescuing the genomes of rare genotypes or endangered species that die unexpectedly. The purpose of this study was to determine, for the first time, the ability of two substantially different cryopreservation approaches, slow freezing versus vitrification, to preserve testicular tissue of the neonatal sheep and subsequently allow initiation of spermatogenesis post-xenografting. Testis tissue from four lambs (3-5 wk old) was processed and then untreated or subjected to slow freezing or vitrification. Tissue pieces (fresh, n = 214; slow freezing, then thawing, n = 196; vitrification, then warming, n = 139) were placed subcutaneously under the dorsal skin of SCID mice and then grafts recovered and evaluated 17 wk later. Grafts from fresh and slow frozen tissue contained the most advanced stages of spermatogenesis, including normal tubule architecture with elongating spermatids in similar to 1% (fresh) and similar to 10% (slow frozen) of tubules. Fewer than 2% of seminiferous tubules advanced to the primary spermatocyte stage in xenografts derived from vitrified tissue. Results demonstrate that slow freezing of neonatal lamb testes was far superior to vitrification in preserving cellular integrity and function after xenografting, including allowing similar to 10% of tubules to retain the capacity to resume spermatogenesis and yield mature spermatozoa. Although a first for any ruminant species, findings also illustrate the importance of preemptive studies that examine cryo-sensitivity of testicular tissue before attempting this type of male fertility preservation on a large scale. C1 [Pukazhenthi, Budhan S.; Nagashima, Jennifer; Wildt, David E.] Ctr Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Nagashima, Jennifer; Travis, Alexander J.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Travis, Alexander J.] Cornell Univ, Atkinson Ctr Sustainable Future, Ithaca, NY USA. [Costa, Guilherme M.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Morphol, Lab Cellular Biol, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Escobar, Enrique N.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Agr Food & Resource Sci, Sch Agr & Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD USA. RP Pukazhenthi, BS (reprint author), Ctr Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM pukazhenthib@si.edu RI Mattos Jardim Costa, Guilherme/A-7369-2016 OI Mattos Jardim Costa, Guilherme/0000-0002-2907-7760 FU Sichel Endowment Fund FX This study was supported with funding from the Sichel Endowment Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 29 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0123957 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123957 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0LO UT WOS:000353711600064 PM 25923660 ER PT J AU Ruggiero, MA Gordon, DP Orrell, TM Bailly, N Bourgoin, T Brusca, RC Cavalier-Smith, T Guiry, MD Kirk, PM AF Ruggiero, Michael A. Gordon, Dennis P. Orrell, Thomas M. Bailly, Nicolas Bourgoin, Thierry Brusca, Richard C. Cavalier-Smith, Thomas Guiry, Michael D. Kirk, Paul M. TI A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ANIMAL PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; GENE-SEQUENCES; EUKARYOTES; ACANTHOCEPHALA; DIVERSITY; ROTIFERA; LIFE; GNATHOSTOMULIDA; MICROGNATHOZOA AB We present a consensus classification of life to embrace the more than 1.6 million species already provided by more than 3,000 taxonomists' expert opinions in a unified and coherent, hierarchically ranked system known as the Catalogue of Life (CoL). The intent of this collaborative effort is to provide a hierarchical classification serving not only the needs of the CoL's database providers but also the diverse public-domain user community, most of whom are familiar with the Linnaean conceptual system of ordering taxon relationships. This classification is neither phylogenetic nor evolutionary but instead represents a consensus view that accommodates taxonomic choices and practical compromises among diverse expert opinions, public usages, and conflicting evidence about the boundaries between taxa and the ranks of major taxa, including kingdoms. Certain key issues, some not fully resolved, are addressed in particular. Beyond its immediate use as a management tool for the CoL and ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System), it is immediately valuable as a reference for taxonomic and biodiversity research, as a tool for societal communication, and as a classificatory "backbone" for biodiversity databases, museum collections, libraries, and textbooks. Such a modern comprehensive hierarchy has not previously existed at this level of specificity. C1 [Ruggiero, Michael A.; Orrell, Thomas M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Integrated Taxon Informat Syst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Gordon, Dennis P.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington, New Zealand. [Bailly, Nicolas] WorldFish FIN, Los Banos, Philippines. [Bourgoin, Thierry] Univ Paris 04, Inst Systemat, UMR 7205 MNHN CNRS UPMC EPHE, Evolut,Biodiversite ISYEB,Museum Natl Hist Nat, F-75005 Paris, France. [Brusca, Richard C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA. [Cavalier-Smith, Thomas] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford, England. [Guiry, Michael D.] Natl Univ Ireland, Ryan Inst, AlgaeBase Fdn & Irish Seaweed Res Grp, Galway, Ireland. [Kirk, Paul M.] Royal Bot Gardens, Mycol Sect, London, England. RP Ruggiero, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Integrated Taxon Informat Syst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM ruggierm@si.edu NR 99 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 23 U2 81 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 29 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0119248 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0119248 PG 60 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0LO UT WOS:000353711600003 PM 25923521 ER PT J AU Velez-Juarbe, J Wood, AR De Gracia, C Hendy, AJW AF Velez-Juarbe, Jorge Wood, Aaron R. De Gracia, Carlos Hendy, Austin J. W. TI Evolutionary Patterns among Living and Fossil Kogiid Sperm Whales: Evidence from the Neogene of Central America SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LATE MIOCENE; SEXUAL SELECTION; MARINE MAMMALS; CETACEA; ODONTOCETI; BREVICEPS; PLIOCENE; PANAMA; PERU; PHYSETEROIDEA AB Kogiids are known by two living species, the pygmy and dwarf sperm whale (Kogia breviceps and K. sima). Both are relatively rare, and as their names suggest, they are closely related to the sperm whale, all being characterized by the presence of a spermaceti organ. However, this organ is much reduced in kogiids and may have become functionally different. Here we describe a fossil kogiid from the late Miocene of Panama and we explore the evolutionary history of the group with special attention to this evolutionary reduction. The fossil consists of cranial material from the late Tortonian (similar to 7.5 Ma) Pina facies of the Chagres Formation in Panama. Detailed comparison with other fossil and extant kogiids and the results of a phylogenetic analysis place the Panamanian kogiid, herein named Nanokogia isthmia gen. et sp. nov., as a taxon most closely related to Praekogia cedrosensis from the Messinian (similar to 6 Ma) of Baja California and to Kogia spp. Furthermore our results show that reduction of the spermaceti organ has occurred iteratively in kogiids, once in Thalassocetus antwerpiensis in the early-middle Miocene, and more recently in Kogia spp. Additionally, we estimate the divergence between extant species of Kogia at around the late Pliocene, later than previously predicted by molecular estimates. Finally, comparison of Nanokogia with the coeval Scaphokogia cochlearis from Peru shows that these two species display a greater morphological disparity between them than that observed between the extant members of the group. We hypothesize that this reflects differences in feeding ecologies of the two species, with Nanokogia being more similar to extant Kogia. Nanokogia shows that kogiids have been part of the Neotropical marine mammal communities at least since the late Miocene, and gives us insight into the evolutionary history and origins of one of the rarest groups of living whales. C1 [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mammal, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Geol Sci, John D Cooper Archaeol & Paleontol Ctr, Fullerton, CA 92634 USA. [Wood, Aaron R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA USA. [De Gracia, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Hendy, Austin J. W.] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Invertebrate Paleontol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Velez-Juarbe, J (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mammal, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM jvelezjuar@nhm.org OI De Gracia, Carlos/0000-0003-0637-3302 FU National Science Foundation Partnerships for International Research and Education [0966884]; National Science Foundation Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship [1249920]; Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia en Innovacion [APY-NI10-016A] FX Funding for this project was provided by National Science Foundation Partnerships for International Research and Education grant #0966884 to JVJ, ARW, CDG, and AJWH; National Science Foundation Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship grant #1249920 to JVJ; and Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia en Innovacion grant #APY-NI10-016A to CDG. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 29 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0123909 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123909 PG 29 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0LO UT WOS:000353711600060 PM 25923213 ER PT J AU Jay, JA Delgado, FJ Torres, JL Pritchard, ME Macedo, O Aguilar, V AF Jay, Jennifer A. Delgado, Francisco J. Luis Torres, Jose Pritchard, Matthew E. Macedo, Orlando Aguilar, Victor TI Deformation and seismicity near Sabancaya volcano, southern Peru, from 2002 to 2015 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Sabancaya volcano; volcano seismicity; volcano deformation; InSAR ID EARTHQUAKE SWARMS; CENTRAL ANDES; SPACE; STRESS; IMAGES; STATE AB We use interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and local seismic data to investigate the cause of earthquake sequences near Sabancaya volcano in southern Peru from 2002 to 2014, with a particular focus on events leading up to the August 2014 phreatic eruption. InSAR-observed deformation associated with earthquake swarms in late 2002, February 2013, and July 2013 is modeled by fault slip, with no need for magmatic sources to explain the deformation. The majority of the seismicity is an expression of the regional tectonic system, which is characterized by E-W trending normal faults, but a link to the magmatic system is possible. The M-w 5.9 earthquake on 17 July 2013 occurred on a previously unmapped normal fault that continued to deform in the months following the earthquake. An increase in long period and hybrid seismicity and changes in fumarolic emissions in 2013-2014 culminating in the August 2014 eruption indicates the involvement of both tectonic and magmatic systems. C1 [Jay, Jennifer A.; Delgado, Francisco J.; Pritchard, Matthew E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Jay, Jennifer A.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Luis Torres, Jose; Macedo, Orlando] Inst Geofis Peru, Observ Vulcanol Sur, Arequipa, Peru. [Aguilar, Victor] Univ Nacl San Agustin, Inst Geofis, Arequipa, Peru. RP Jay, JA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM jayj@si.edu RI Pritchard, Matthew/L-5892-2015; OI Pritchard, Matthew/0000-0003-3616-3373; Macedo, Orlando/0000-0002-9944-7990 FU NASA [NNX12AM24G]; Instituto Geofisico del Peru (IGP) Area de Vulcanologia [PP 068] FX Partial support from NASA Earth Science program grant NNX12AM24G. The French Institut de recherche pour le developpement (IRD) supplied five Guralp seismic stations which helped with the success of the seismic monitoring. The seismic study was financed by the PP 068, Meta 7 "Vigilancia Geofisica de Volcanes" of the Instituto Geofisico del Peru (IGP) Area de Vulcanologia. We thank H. Tavera for the review of focal mechanism calculations and R. Machacca, R. Chijcheapaza, and A. Ramos for their help in the field. We also thank Scott Henderson for assistance with InSAR data processing. TerraSAR-X data are available through agreement with the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites Disaster Risk Management Volcano Pilot Observation Project, and ERS/Envisat data are available through the European Space Agency (ESA) Category 1 proposal 3194. ASTER data are provided by NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC). Finally, we thank Paul Lundgren, Mike Poland, and an anonymous reviewer for their extremely helpful comments. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD APR 28 PY 2015 VL 42 IS 8 BP 2780 EP 2788 DI 10.1002/2015GL063589 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CI2FN UT WOS:000354560800028 ER PT J AU Lohbeck, M Lebrija-Trejos, E Martinez-Ramos, M Meave, JA Poorter, L Bongers, F AF Lohbeck, Madelon Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin Martinez-Ramos, Miguel Meave, Jorge A. Poorter, Lourens Bongers, Frans TI Functional Trait Strategies of Trees in Dry and Wet Tropical Forests Are Similar but Differ in Their Consequences for Succession SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLANT ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; LEAF LIFE-SPANS; SEED SIZE; SECONDARY SUCCESSION; NEOTROPICAL FORESTS; SHADE-TOLERANCE; WOODY-PLANTS; TRADE-OFF; DROUGHT; DISPERSAL AB Global plant trait studies have revealed fundamental trade-offs in plant resource economics. We evaluated such trait trade-offs during secondary succession in two species-rich tropical ecosystems that contrast in precipitation: dry deciduous and wet evergreen forests of Mexico. Species turnover with succession in dry forest largely relates to increasing water availability and in wet forest to decreasing light availability. We hypothesized that while functional trait trade-offs are similar in the two forest systems, the successful plant strategies in these communities will be different, as contrasting filters affect species turnover. Research was carried out in 15 dry secondary forest sites (5-63 years after abandonment) and in 17 wet secondary forest sites (<1-25 years after abandonment). We used 11 functional traits measured on 132 species to make species-trait PCA biplots for dry and wet forest and compare trait trade-offs. We evaluated whether multivariate plant strategies changed during succession, by calculating a 'Community-Weighted Mean' plant strategy, based on species scores on the first two PCA-axes. Trait spectra reflected two main trade-off axes that were similar for dry and wet forest species: acquisitive versus conservative species, and drought avoiding species versus evergreen species with large animal-dispersed seeds. These trait associations were consistent when accounting for evolutionary history. Successional changes in the most successful plant strategies reflected different functional trait spectra depending on the forest type. In dry forest the community changed from having drought avoiding strategies early in succession to increased abundance of evergreen strategies with larger seeds late in succession. In wet forest the community changed from species having mainly acquisitive strategies to those with more conservative strategies during succession. These strategy changes were explained by increasing water availability during dry forest succession and increasing light scarcity during wet forest succession. Although similar trait spectra were observed among dry and wet secondary forest species, the consequences for succession were different resulting from contrasting environmental filters. C1 [Lohbeck, Madelon; Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin; Poorter, Lourens; Bongers, Frans] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Lohbeck, Madelon; Martinez-Ramos, Miguel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin; Meave, Jorge A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ecol & Recursos Nat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Lohbeck, M (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. EM madelon.lohbeck@wur.nl OI Meave, Jorge A./0000-0002-6241-8803 FU Wageningen University; Wageningen Research Center; NSF-LTREB [DEB-0639393, DEB 1147429]; SEMARNAT-CONACYT [2002-C01-0597]; SEP-CONACYT [CB-2005-01-51043, 2009-129740]; CONACYT; CONACYT-SEMARNAT [2002-C01-0267]; PAPIIT [IN216007]; SNI, Panama; SENACYT, Panama; Nucleo DiverSus project by Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI)CRN; SGP-CRA (National Science Foundation) [GEO-0452325, GEO-1138881]; [SEP CONACYT-2009-01-128136] FX Funding: ML and FB were supported by a research grant from Wageningen University and Research Center. FB and MMR were supported by NSF-LTREB DEB-0639393 and #DEB 1147429. MMR was supported by grants SEMARNAT-CONACYT 2002-C01-0597, SEP-CONACYT CB-2005-01-51043, SEP-CONACYT 2009-129740. ELT acknowledges support by CONACYT (personal scholarship), CONACYT-SEMARNAT (grant 2002-C01-0267), PAPIIT (grant IN216007) and SNI, SENACYT, Panama. JAM was supported by SEP CONACYT-2009-01-128136. LP was partly supported by the Nucleo DiverSus project, which was supported by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI)CRN 2015 and SGP-CRA2015 (through National Science Foundation grants GEO-0452325 and GEO-1138881). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 55 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 28 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0123741 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123741 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG9SE UT WOS:000353659400033 ER PT J AU Ballance, CP McLaughlin, BM AF Ballance, C. P. McLaughlin, B. M. TI Photoionization of the valence shells of the neutral tungsten atom SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Dirac R-matrix; photoionization; tungsten ID R-MATRIX METHOD; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; PHOTOABSORPTION AB Results from large-scale theoretical cross section calculations for the total photoionization (PI) of the 4f, 5s, 5p and 6s orbitals of the neutral tungsten atom using the Dirac Coulomb R-matrix approximation (DARC: Dirac-atomic R-matrix codes) are presented. Comparisons are made with previous theoretical methods and prior experimental measurements. In previous experiments a time-resolved dual laser approach was employed for the photo-absorption of metal vapours and photo-absorption measurements on tungsten in a solid, using synchrotron radiation. The lowest ground state level of neutral tungsten is 5p(6) 5d(4)6s(2) D-J , with J = 0, and requires only a single dipole matrix for PI. To make a meaningful comparison with existing experimental measurements, we statistically average the large-scale theoretical PI cross sections from the levels associated with the ground state 5p(6)5d(4)6s(2)D(J) (J = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) levels and the 5d(5)6s(7)S(3) excited metastable level. As the experiments have a self-evident metastable component in their ground state measurement, averaging over the initial levels allows for a more consistent and realistic comparison to be made. In the wider context, the absence of many detailed electron-impact excitation (EIE) experiments for tungsten and its multi-charged ion stages allows current PI measurements and theory to provide a road-map for future EIE, ionization and di-electronic cross section calculations by identifying the dominant resonance structure and features across an energy range of hundreds of eV. C1 [Ballance, C. P.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Allison Lab 206, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Ballance, CP (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Allison Lab 206, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM ballance@physics.auburn.edu; b.mclaughlin@qub.ac.uk FU NSF; NASA grants through Auburn University; US National Science Foundation; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX C P Ballance was supported by NSF and NASA grants through Auburn University. B M McLaughlin acknowledges support by the US National Science Foundation through a grant to ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Queen's University Belfast for the award of a visiting research fellowship (VRF) and the hospitality of the University of Auburn during a research recent visit. The computational work was carried out at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, CA, USA and at the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) of the University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. This research also used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Helpful discussions with Professor E T Kennedy are gratefully acknowledged. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD APR 28 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 8 AR 085201 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/48/8/085201 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CE3WY UT WOS:000351762000004 ER PT J AU Jarvi, SI Pitt, WC Farias, ME Shiels, L Severino, MG Howe, KM Jacquier, SH Shiels, AB Amano, KK Luiz, BC Maher, DE Allison, ML Holtquist, ZC Scheibelhut, NT AF Jarvi, Susan I. Pitt, William C. Farias, Margaret E. Shiels, Laura Severino, Michael G. Howe, Kathleen M. Jacquier, Steven H. Shiels, Aaron B. Amano, Karis K. Luiz, Blaine C. Maher, Daisy E. Allison, Maureen L. Holtquist, Zachariah C. Scheibelhut, Neil T. TI Detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the Blood and Peripheral Tissues of Wild Hawaiian Rats (Rattus rattus) by a Quantitative PCR (qPCR) Assay SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EOSINOPHILIC MENINGITIS; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; LUNGWORM AB The nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a rat lungworm, a zoonotic pathogen that causes human eosinophilic meningitis and ocular angiostrongyliasis characteristic of rat lungworm (RLW) disease. Definitive diagnosis is made by finding and identifying A. cantonensis larvae in the cerebral spinal fluid or by using a custom immunological or molecular test. This study was conducted to determine if genomic DNA from A. cantonensis is detectable by qPCR in the blood or tissues of experimentally infected rats. F1 offspring from wild rats were subjected to experimental infection with RLW larvae isolated from slugs, then blood or tissue samples were collected over multiple time points. Blood samples were collected from 21 rats throughout the course of two trials (15 rats in Trial I, and 6 rats in Trial II). In addition to a control group, each trial had two treatment groups: the rats in the low dose (LD) group were infected by approximately 10 larvae and the rats in the high dose (HD) group were infected with approximately 50 larvae. In Trial I, parasite DNA was detected in cardiac bleed samples from five of five LD rats and five of five HD rats at six weeks post-infection (PI), and three of five LD rats and five of five HD rats from tail tissue. In Trial II, parasite DNA was detected in peripheral blood samples from one of two HD rats at 53 minutes PI, one of two LD rats at 1.5 hours PI, one of two HD rats at 18 hours PI, one of two LD rats at five weeks PI and two of two at six weeks PI, and two of two HD rats at weeks five and six PI. These data demonstrate that parasite DNA can be detected in peripheral blood at various time points throughout RLW infection in rats. C1 [Jarvi, Susan I.; Farias, Margaret E.; Shiels, Laura; Severino, Michael G.; Howe, Kathleen M.; Jacquier, Steven H.; Amano, Karis K.; Luiz, Blaine C.; Maher, Daisy E.; Allison, Maureen L.; Holtquist, Zachariah C.; Scheibelhut, Neil T.] Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Pitt, William C.; Shiels, Laura; Shiels, Aaron B.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Hawaii Field Stn, USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Pitt, William C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Jarvi, SI (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM jarvi@hawaii.edu FU UHH Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawaii at Hilo; United States Department of Agriculture-APHIS National Wildlife Research Center's National Wildlife Disease Program; University of Hawaii at Hilo Research Council; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health [P20GM 103466] FX This project was supported by the UHH Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, United States Department of Agriculture-APHIS National Wildlife Research Center's National Wildlife Disease Program, University of Hawaii at Hilo Research Council, and a grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, award number: P20GM 103466. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 24 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0123064 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123064 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG6AH UT WOS:000353376800028 PM 25910229 ER PT J AU Schellart, P Trinh, TNG Buitink, S Corstanje, A Enriquez, JE Falcke, H Horandel, JR Nelles, A Rachen, JP Rossetto, L Scholten, O ter Veen, S Thoudam, S Ebert, U Koehn, C Rutjes, C Alexov, A Anderson, JM Avruch, IM Bentum, MJ Bernardi, G Best, P Bonafede, A Breitling, F Broderick, JW Bruggen, M Butcher, HR Ciardi, B de Geus, E de Vos, M Duscha, S Eisloffel, J Fallows, RA Frieswijk, W Garrett, MA Griessmeier, J Gunst, AW Heald, G Hessels, JWT Hoeft, M Holties, HA Juette, E Kondratiev, VI Kuniyoshi, M Kuper, G Mann, G McFadden, R McKay-Bukowski, D McKean, JP Mevius, M Moldon, J Norden, MJ Orru, E Paas, H Pandey-Pommier, M Pizzo, R Polatidis, AG Reich, W Rottgering, H Scaife, AMM Schwarz, DJ Serylak, M Smirnov, O Steinmetz, M Swinbank, J Tagger, M Tasse, C Toribio, MC van Weeren, RJ Vermeulen, R Vocks, C Wise, MW Wucknitz, O Zarka, P AF Schellart, P. Trinh, T. N. G. Buitink, S. Corstanje, A. Enriquez, J. E. Falcke, H. Horandel, J. R. Nelles, A. Rachen, J. P. Rossetto, L. Scholten, O. ter Veen, S. Thoudam, S. Ebert, U. Koehn, C. Rutjes, C. Alexov, A. Anderson, J. M. Avruch, I. M. Bentum, M. J. Bernardi, G. Best, P. Bonafede, A. Breitling, F. Broderick, J. W. Brueggen, M. Butcher, H. R. Ciardi, B. de Geus, E. de Vos, M. Duscha, S. Eisloeffel, J. Fallows, R. A. Frieswijk, W. Garrett, M. A. Griessmeier, J. Gunst, A. W. Heald, G. Hessels, J. W. T. Hoeft, M. Holties, H. A. Juette, E. Kondratiev, V. I. Kuniyoshi, M. Kuper, G. Mann, G. McFadden, R. McKay-Bukowski, D. McKean, J. P. Mevius, M. Moldon, J. Norden, M. J. Orru, E. Paas, H. Pandey-Pommier, M. Pizzo, R. Polatidis, A. G. Reich, W. Rottgering, H. Scaife, A. M. M. Schwarz, D. J. Serylak, M. Smirnov, O. Steinmetz, M. Swinbank, J. Tagger, M. Tasse, C. Toribio, M. C. van Weeren, R. J. Vermeulen, R. Vocks, C. Wise, M. W. Wucknitz, O. Zarka, P. TI Probing Atmospheric Electric Fields in Thunderstorms through Radio Emission from Cosmic-Ray-Induced Air Showers SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LOFAR; SIMULATIONS; COREAS; ARRAY AB We present measurements of radio emission from cosmic ray air showers that took place during thunderstorms. The intensity and polarization patterns of these air showers are radically different from those measured during fair-weather conditions. With the use of a simple two-layer model for the atmospheric electric field, these patterns can be well reproduced by state-of-the-art simulation codes. This in turn provides a novel way to study atmospheric electric fields. C1 [Schellart, P.; Buitink, S.; Corstanje, A.; Enriquez, J. E.; Falcke, H.; Horandel, J. R.; Nelles, A.; Rachen, J. P.; Rossetto, L.; ter Veen, S.; Thoudam, S.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Trinh, T. N. G.; Scholten, O.] Univ Groningen, KVI Ctr Adv Radiat Technol, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. [Buitink, S.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Inst Astrophys, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Falcke, H.; Horandel, J. R.] Nikhef, Sci Pk Amsterdam, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Falcke, H.; ter Veen, S.; Bentum, M. J.; de Geus, E.; de Vos, M.; Duscha, S.; Fallows, R. A.; Frieswijk, W.; Garrett, M. A.; Gunst, A. W.; Heald, G.; Hessels, J. W. T.; Holties, H. A.; Kondratiev, V. I.; Kuper, G.; McFadden, R.; McKean, J. P.; Mevius, M.; Moldon, J.; Norden, M. J.; Orru, E.; Pizzo, R.; Polatidis, A. G.; Toribio, M. C.; Vermeulen, R.; Wise, M. W.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Falcke, H.; Reich, W.; Wucknitz, O.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Scholten, O.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Ebert, U.; Koehn, C.; Rutjes, C.] Ctr Math & Comp Sci, CWI, NL-1090 GB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Ebert, U.] Eindhoven Univ Technol, TU e, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. [Alexov, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Anderson, J. M.] Deutsch GeoForsch Zentrum GFZ, Helmholtz Zentrum Potsdam, Dept Geodesy & Remote Sensing 1, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Avruch, I. M.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Avruch, I. M.; Heald, G.; McKean, J. P.; Mevius, M.] Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bentum, M. J.] Univ Twente, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Bernardi, G.; van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Best, P.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Brueggen, M.] Univ Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Bonafede, A.; Breitling, F.; Mann, G.; Steinmetz, M.; Vocks, C.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Broderick, J. W.; Serylak, M.] Univ Oxford, Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Broderick, J. W.; Scaife, A. M. M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Butcher, H. R.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Mt Stromlo Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Ciardi, B.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [de Geus, E.] SmarterVis BV, NL-9401 JX Assen, Netherlands. [Eisloeffel, J.; Hoeft, M.] Thuringer Landessternwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Garrett, M. A.; Rottgering, H.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Griessmeier, J.; Tagger, M.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, LPC2E, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. [Griessmeier, J.] Univ Orleans, CNRS INSU, Stn Radioastron Nancay, Observ Paris,OSUC,USR 704, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Hessels, J. W. T.; Swinbank, J.; Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Juette, E.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Kondratiev, V. I.] Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Kuniyoshi, M.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [McKay-Bukowski, D.] Univ Oulu, Sodankyla Geophys Observ, Sodankyla 99600, Finland. [McKay-Bukowski, D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, STFC, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Paas, H.] Univ Groningen, Ctr Informat Technol, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. [Pandey-Pommier, M.] Observ Lyon, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Schwarz, D. J.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Smirnov, O.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Smirnov, O.] SKA South Africa, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Tasse, C.; Zarka, P.] Observ Paris, LESIA, UMR CNRS 8109, F-92195 Meudon, France. RP Schellart, P (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM P.Schellart@astro.ru.nl RI Ebert, Ute/C-4977-2008; Ciardi, Benedetta/N-7625-2015; Kondratiev, Vladislav/N-1105-2015; OI Ebert, Ute/0000-0003-3891-6869; Kondratiev, Vladislav/0000-0001-8864-7471; Swinbank, John/0000-0001-9445-1846; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU NOVA; SNN; FOM; NWO, VENI Grant [639-041-130]; European Research Council [227610]; FOM-project [12PR3041] FX The LOFAR key science project cosmic rays acknowledges financial support from NOVA, SNN, and FOM as well as from NWO, VENI Grant No. 639-041-130. We acknowledge funding from an Advanced Grant of the European Research Council (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. 227610. We also acknowledge funding from the FOM-project 12PR3041 "Cosmic Lightning". LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array designed and constructed by ASTRON, has facilities in several countries that are owned by various parties (each with their own funding sources) and that are collectively operated by the International LOFAR Telescope foundation under a joint scientific policy. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 24 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 16 AR 165001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.165001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CG6ZY UT WOS:000353452900004 PM 25955053 ER PT J AU Chilingarian, I Zolotukhin, I AF Chilingarian, Igor Zolotukhin, Ivan TI Isolated compact elliptical galaxies: Stellar systems that ran away SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DWARF GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; MASS; MERGER; STAR; DISCOVERY; REGIONS; SPACE; FIELD AB Compact elliptical galaxies form a rare class of stellar system (similar to 30 presently known) characterized by high stellar densities and small sizes and often harboring metal-rich stars. They were thought to form through tidal stripping of massive progenitors, until two isolated objects were discovered where massive galaxies performing the stripping could not be identified. By mining astronomical survey data, we have now found 195 compact elliptical galaxies in all types of environment. They all share similar dynamical and stellar population properties. Dynamical analysis for nonisolated galaxies demonstrates the feasibility of their ejection from host clusters and groups by three-body encounters, which is in agreement with numerical simulations. Hence, isolated compact elliptical and isolated quiescent dwarf galaxies are tidally stripped systems that ran away from their hosts. C1 [Chilingarian, Igor] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chilingarian, Igor; Zolotukhin, Ivan] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Zolotukhin, Ivan] Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. RP Chilingarian, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St MS09, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM igor.chilingarian@cfa.harvard.edu RI Chilingarian, Igor/N-5117-2016; OI Chilingarian, Igor/0000-0002-7924-3253; Zolotukhin, Ivan/0000-0002-5544-9476 FU Russian Science Foundation [14-22-00041]; M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Program of Development; NASA; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England FX The authors are greatful to F. Combes (Observatoire de Paris), I. Katkov (Sternberg Astronomical Institute), and M. Kurtz (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory) for useful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript. This result emerged from the tutorial run by the authors at the Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems conference in 2012. The authors acknowledge support by the Russian Science Foundation project 14-22-00041 "VOLGA-A View On the Life of GAlaxies.". The project used computational resourses funded by the M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Program of Development. This research has made use of Aladin developed by the Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg; TOPCAT and STILTS software packages developed by M. Taylor; "exploresdss" script by G. Mamon; the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France; and the NASA/IPAC NED, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, NASA, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is www.sdss.org. GALEX and SDSS databases used in our study are available via the CasJobs web-site http://skyserver.sdss.org/CasJobs. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 24 PY 2015 VL 348 IS 6233 BP 418 EP 421 DI 10.1126/science.aaa3344 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG5NF UT WOS:000353338000029 PM 25908816 ER PT J AU Li, HB Yuen, KH Otto, F Leung, PK Sridharan, TK Zhang, QZ Liu, HY Tang, YW Qiu, KP AF Li, Hua-bai Yuen, Ka Ho Otto, Frank Leung, Po Kin Sridharan, T. K. Zhang, Qizhou Liu, Hauyu Tang, Ya-Wen Qiu, Keping TI Self-similar fragmentation regulated by magnetic fields in a region forming massive stars SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID NGC 6334 I; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SUBMILLIMETER POLARIZATION; ZEEMAN OBSERVATIONS; FILAMENTARY CLOUDS; GOULD BELT; I(N); COLLAPSE; CORES; DUST AB Most molecular clouds are filamentary or elongated(1-3). For those forming low-mass stars (<8 solar masses), the competition between self-gravity and turbulent pressure along the dynamically dominant intercloud magnetic field (10 to 100 parsecs) shapes the clouds to be elongated either perpendicularly(4) or parallel(5) to the fields. A recent study(6) also suggested that on the scales of 0.1 to 0.01 parsecs, such fields are dynamically important within cloud cores forming massive stars (>8 solar masses). But whether the core fieldmorphologies are inherited from the intercloud medium or governed by cloud turbulence is unknown, as is the effect of magnetic fields on cloud fragmentation at scales of 10 to 0.1 parsecs(7-9). Here we report magnetic-field maps inferred from polarimetric observations of NGC6334, a region forming massive stars, on the 100 to 0.01 parsec scale. NGC6334 hosts young star-forming sites(10-12) where fields are not severely affected by stellar feedback, and their directions do not change much over the entire scale range. This means that the fields are dynamically important. The ordered fields lead to a self-similar gas fragmentation: at all scales, there exist elongated gas structures nearly perpendicular to the fields. Many gas elongations have density peaks near the ends, which symmetrically pinch the fields. The field strength is proportional to the 0.4th power of the density, which is an indication of anisotropic gas contractions along the field. We conclude that magnetic fields have a crucial role in the fragmentation of NGC6334. C1 [Li, Hua-bai; Yuen, Ka Ho; Otto, Frank; Leung, Po Kin] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Sridharan, T. K.; Zhang, Qizhou] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Liu, Hauyu; Tang, Ya-Wen] Natl Taiwan Univ, Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Qiu, Keping] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Li, HB (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM hbli@phy.cuhk.edu.hk OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU Hong Kong Research Grants Council [ECS 24300314]; CUHK; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft priority programme 1573 [46]; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica FX We thank R. Blundell for the SMA Director's Discretionary Time that allowed the project to take off. We also thank the SPARO team led by G. Novak and the Hertz team led by R. Hildebrand. Discussions with Z.-Y. Li and the proofread by D. Wilmshurst and T.T. Wu improved the manuscript. The experiment was supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, project ECS 24300314; by CUHK Direct Grant for Research 2013-2014, project 'Modelling Star Formation with GPU Computing'; and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft priority programme 1573, project number 46. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 23 PY 2015 VL 520 IS 7548 BP 518 EP + DI 10.1038/nature14291 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG5LX UT WOS:000353334500037 PM 25822792 ER PT J AU Parker, IM Saunders, M Bontrager, M Weitz, AP Hendricks, R Magarey, R Suiter, K Gilbert, GS AF Parker, Ingrid M. Saunders, Megan Bontrager, Megan Weitz, Andrew P. Hendricks, Rebecca Magarey, Roger Suiter, Karl Gilbert, Gregory S. TI Phylogenetic structure and host abundance drive disease pressure in communities SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; TROPICAL FOREST; PLANT-DISEASE; BIODIVERSITY; PATHOGENS; ECOLOGY; HERBIVORES; EMERGENCE; ESCAPE; SIGNAL AB Pathogens play an important part in shaping the structure and dynamics of natural communities, because species are not affected by them equally(1,2). A shared goal of ecology and epidemiology is to predict when a species is most vulnerable to disease. A leading hypothesis asserts that the impact of disease should increase with host abundance, producing a 'rare-species advantage'(3-5). However, the impact of a pathogen may be decoupled from host abundance, because most pathogens infect more than one species, leading to pathogen spillover onto closely related species(6,7). Here we show that the phylogenetic and ecological structure of the surrounding community can be important predictors of disease pressure. We found that the amount of tissue lost to disease increased with the relative abundance of a species across a grassland plant community, and that this rare-species advantage had an additional phylogenetic component: disease pressure was stronger on species with many close relatives. We used a global model of pathogen sharing as a function of relatedness between hosts, which provided a robust predictor of relative disease pressure at the local scale. In our grassland, the total amount of disease was most accurately explained not by the abundance of the focal host alone, but by the abundance of all species in the community weighted by their phylogenetic distance to the host. Furthermore, the model strongly predicted observed disease pressure for 44 novel host species we introduced experimentally to our study site, providing evidence for a mechanism to explain why phylogenetically rare species are more likely to become invasive when introduced(8,9). Our results demonstrate how the phylogenetic and ecological structure of communities can have a key role in disease dynamics, with implications for the maintenance of biodiversity, biotic resistance against introduced weeds, and the success of managed plants in agriculture and forestry. C1 [Parker, Ingrid M.; Bontrager, Megan; Weitz, Andrew P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Parker, Ingrid M.; Gilbert, Gregory S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Saunders, Megan; Hendricks, Rebecca; Gilbert, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Magarey, Roger; Suiter, Karl] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Parker, IM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM imparker@ucsc.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0842059, DEB-1136626]; G.S.G. [14-8130-1472-CA]; US Department of Agriculture APHIS-PPQ-CPHST PERAL [14-8130-1472-CA] FX We thank C. Webb for development of the methods of phylogenetic ecology. We thank J. Velzy for greenhouse support and the many undergraduates and volunteers who helped with fieldwork and disease assessments from scanned leaves. Editorial comments were provided by M. Kilpatrick, B. Lyon, C. Fresquez, D. Gordon, S. Grove, S. Gulamhussein, J. Harrower, C. Ray, K. Ross and M. Shu; K. Tanner revised Fig. 1. This research was funded by National Science Foundation grants DEB-0842059 and DEB-1136626, and by a Cooperative Agreement 14-8130-1472-CA between G.S.G. and US Department of Agriculture APHIS-PPQ-CPHST PERAL funded from Section 10201 of the Farm Bill. NR 37 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 23 U2 119 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 23 PY 2015 VL 520 IS 7548 BP 542 EP + DI 10.1038/nature14372 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG5LX UT WOS:000353334500043 PM 25903634 ER PT J AU Agarwal, K Gopalakrishnan, S Knap, M Muller, M Demler, E AF Agarwal, Kartiek Gopalakrishnan, Sarang Knap, Michael Mueller, Markus Demler, Eugene TI Anomalous Diffusion and Griffiths Effects Near the Many-Body Localization Transition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; ANDERSON LOCALIZATION; DISORDERED-SYSTEMS; OPTICAL LATTICE; CONDUCTION; IMPURITY; STATES; CHAIN; PHASE AB We explore the high-temperature dynamics of the disordered, one-dimensional XXZ model near the many-body localization (MBL) transition, focusing on the delocalized (i.e., "metallic") phase. In the vicinity of the transition, we find that this phase has the following properties: (i) local magnetization fluctuations relax subdiffusively; (ii) the ac conductivity vanishes near zero frequency as a power law; and (iii) the distribution of resistivities becomes increasingly broad at low frequencies, approaching a power law in the zero-frequency limit. We argue that these effects can be understood in a unified way if the metallic phase near the MBL transition is a quantum Griffiths phase. We establish scaling relations between the associated exponents, assuming a scaling form of the spin-diffusion propagator. A phenomenological classical resistor-capacitor model captures all the essential features. C1 [Agarwal, Kartiek; Gopalakrishnan, Sarang; Knap, Michael; Demler, Eugene] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Knap, Michael] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mueller, Markus] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34151 Trieste, Italy. [Mueller, Markus] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. RP Agarwal, K (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM agarwal@physics.harvard.edu RI Knap, Michael/H-3344-2011 OI Knap, Michael/0000-0002-7093-9502 FU Harvard Quantum Optics Center; Harvard-MIT CUA; ARO-MURI Quism program; ARO-MURI on Atomtronics; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J 3361-N20] FX The authors acknowledge discussions with D. Abanin, E. Altman, A. Amir, I. Bloch, I. Gornyi, D. Huse, L. Ioffe, I. Lerner, M. Lukin, I. Martin, A. Mirlin, R. Modak, A. Pal, A. Polkovnikov, and N. Yao. The authors acknowledge support from Harvard Quantum Optics Center, Harvard-MIT CUA, ARO-MURI Quism program, ARO-MURI on Atomtronics, as well as the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Project No. J 3361-N20. M. M. acknowledges the hospitality of the University of Basel. NR 63 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 5 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 23 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 16 AR 160401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.160401 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CG5KI UT WOS:000353330000001 PM 25955037 ER PT J AU Freeman, CJ Baker, DM Easson, CG Thacker, RW AF Freeman, Christopher J. Baker, David M. Easson, Cole G. Thacker, Robert W. TI Shifts in sponge-microbe mutualisms across an experimental irradiance gradient SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Stable isotopes; Metabolism; Mutualism; Porifera; Symbiosis ID CORAL-ALGAE SYMBIOSIS; STABLE-ISOTOPE; MARINE SPONGES; CYANOBACTERIA SYMBIOSES; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; COMMUNITIES; ZOOXANTHELLAE; ECOLOGY; MICROORGANISMS AB To investigate how the interactions between the closely related sponge species Aplysina cauliformis and Aplysina fulva and their symbiotic microbial communities vary under changing environmental conditions, we conducted a manipulative shading experiment with treatments spanning a gradient of 6 irradiances. In A. cauliformis, there was a tight coupling of symbiont and host metabolism across treatments, and changes in growth rate were correlated more with shifts in symbiont delta C-13 and delta N-15 values than with shade treatment. In contrast, symbiont and host C metabolism were weakly coupled in A. fulva, and the growth of this species was not correlated with shifts in symbiont delta C-13 and delta N-15 values. In addition, although photosymbiont meta bolism was an important driver of shifts in holobiont C and N metabolism of both host species, host and photosymbiont C metabolism were only correlated in A. cauliformis. Thus, although both species host stable, abundant, and similar photosymbiont communities, each host forms a unique mutualism with its symbionts. These 2 host species may be on different evolutionary trajectories, potentially allowing each to exploit novel niche space in coral reef ecosystems. This study provides data in support of the hypothesis that these symbioses represent a dynamic balance of costs and benefits and provides evidence that, because these costs and benefits are highly species specific, not all species will respond similarly to environmental fluctuations. C1 [Freeman, Christopher J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Freeman, Christopher J.; Easson, Cole G.; Thacker, Robert W.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Baker, David M.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Baker, David M.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Earth Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Freeman, CJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM freemanc@si.edu FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Short-Term Fellowship; US National Science Foundation [0726944, 0829986]; Smithsonian Institution Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank R. Collin, G. Jacome, and P. Gondola at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Bocas Research Station and M. Fogel and R. Bowden at the Geophysical Laboratory for their technical assistance and logistical support. K. Erickson provided field assistance. Financial support for this project came from a Smithsonian Tropical Research Short-Term Fellowship, a Sigma Xi Grants-in-Aid of Research to C.J.F., US National Science Foundation Grants 0726944 and 0829986 to R.W.T. and a Smithsonian Institution Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded to D.M.B. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 26 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD APR 22 PY 2015 VL 526 BP 41 EP 53 DI 10.3354/meps11249 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CH9ZJ UT WOS:000354394900004 ER PT J AU Becker, MH Walke, JB Cikanek, S Savage, AE Mattheus, N Santiago, CN Minbiole, KPC Harris, RN Belden, LK Gratwicke, B AF Becker, Matthew H. Walke, Jenifer B. Cikanek, Shawna Savage, Anna E. Mattheus, Nichole Santiago, Celina N. Minbiole, Kevin P. C. Harris, Reid N. Belden, Lisa K. Gratwicke, Brian TI Composition of symbiotic bacteria predicts survival in Panamanian golden frogs infected with a lethal fungus SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE amphibians; probiotics; skin bacteria; disease; microbiome; chytrid fungus ID SALAMANDER PLETHODON-CINEREUS; BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; CUTANEOUS BACTERIA; ANTIFUNGAL METABOLITES; 4-TOED SALAMANDERS; SKIN MICROBIOME; ATELOPUS-ZETEKI; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; AMPHIBIANS; IMMUNITY AB Symbiotic microbes can dramatically impact host health and fitness, and recent research in a diversity of systems suggests that different symbiont community structures may result in distinct outcomes for the host. In amphibians, some symbiotic skin bacteria produce metabolites that inhibit the growth of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a cutaneous fungal pathogen that has caused many amphibian population declines and extinctions. Treatment with beneficial bacteria (probiotics) prevents Bd infection in some amphibian species and creates optimism for conservation of species that are highly susceptible to chytridiomycosis, the disease caused by Bd. In a laboratory experiment, we used Bd-inhibitory bacteria from Bd-tolerant Panamanian amphibians in a probiotic development trial with Panamanian golden frogs, Atelopus zeteki, a species currently surviving only in captive assurance colonies. Approximately 30% of infected golden frogs survived Bd exposure by either clearing infection or maintaining low Bd loads, but this was not associated with probiotic treatment. Survival was instead related to initial composition of the skin bacterial community and metabolites present on the skin. These results suggest a strong link between the structure of these symbiotic microbial communities and amphibian host health in the face of Bd exposure and also suggest a new approach for developing amphibian probiotics. C1 [Becker, Matthew H.; Walke, Jenifer B.; Belden, Lisa K.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Cikanek, Shawna] Kansas State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Savage, Anna E.; Mattheus, Nichole] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA. [Gratwicke, Brian] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA. [Santiago, Celina N.; Minbiole, Kevin P. C.] Villanova Univ, Dept Chem, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Harris, Reid N.] James Madison Univ, Dept Biol, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. RP Becker, MH (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA. EM beckerm@si.edu RI Savage, Anna/D-8296-2015; OI Savage, Anna/0000-0002-4917-8358; Belden, Lisa/0000-0002-3514-3920 FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service Amphibians in Decline Fund; National Science Foundation [DEB-1136640, DEB-1136662]; Shared Earth Foundation; frog-friendly foundation FX This research was financially supported by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Amphibians in Decline Fund, the National Science Foundation (DEB-1136640 and DEB-1136662), the Shared Earth Foundation and an anonymous frog-friendly foundation. NR 71 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 13 U2 91 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD APR 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1805 AR 20142881 DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.2881 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CE3ZU UT WOS:000351770200011 ER PT J AU Chang, D Olenzek, AM Duda, TF AF Chang, Dan Olenzek, Amy M. Duda, Thomas F., Jr. TI Effects of geographical heterogeneity in species interactions on the evolution of venom genes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE conotoxin; Conus; predator-prey interactions; selection; geographical variation ID NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTIONS; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; STATISTICAL TESTS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; TROPICAL PACIFIC; MARINE GASTROPOD; RAPID EVOLUTION; EASTER-ISLAND; CONUS-EBRAEUS AB Geographical heterogeneity in the composition of biotic interactions can create a mosaic of selection regimes that may drive the differentiation of phenotypes that operate at the interface of these interactions. Nonetheless, little is known about effects of these geographical mosaics on the evolution of genes encoding traits associated with species interactions. Predatory marine snails of the family Conidae use venom, a cocktail of conotoxins, to capture prey. We characterized patterns of geographical variation at five conotoxin genes of a vermivorous species, Conus ebraeus, at Hawaii, Guam and American Samoa, and evaluated how these patterns of variation are associated with geographical heterogeneity in prey utilization. All populations show distinct patterns of prey utilization. Three 'highly polymorphic' conotoxin genes showed significant geographical differences in allelic frequency, and appear to be affected by different modes of selection among populations. Two genes exhibited low levels of diversity and a general lack of differentiation among populations. Levels of diversity of 'highly polymorphic' genes exhibit a positive relationship with dietary breadth. The different patterns of evolution exhibited by conotoxin genes suggest that these genes play different roles in prey capture, and that some genes are more greatly affected by differences in predator-prey interactions than others. Moreover, differences in dietary breadth appear to have a greater influence on the differentiation of venoms than differences in the species of prey. C1 [Chang, Dan; Olenzek, Amy M.; Duda, Thomas F., Jr.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chang, Dan; Olenzek, Amy M.; Duda, Thomas F., Jr.] Univ Michigan, Museum Zool, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chang, Dan] Univ Michigan, Dept Stat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Duda, Thomas F., Jr.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Chang, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, 1156 High St,Mail Stop EEBiol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM changdan@umich.edu FU NSF [IOS-0718379] FX This study was funded by an NSF grant (IOS-0718379) to T.F.D. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD APR 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1805 AR 20141984 DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.1984 PG 10 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CE3ZU UT WOS:000351770200003 ER PT J AU Harvey, MG Judy, CD Seeholzer, GF Maley, JM Graves, GR Brumfield, RT AF Harvey, Michael G. Judy, Caroline Duffie Seeholzer, Glenn F. Maley, James M. Graves, Gary R. Brumfield, Robb T. TI Similarity thresholds used in DNA sequence assembly from short reads can reduce the comparability of population histories across species SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Next-generation sequencing; Bioinformatics; Birds; Non-model species; Phylogeography; Population genetics ID DE-NOVO; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; GENOMICS; DELIMITATION; DIVERGENCE; SPECIATION; EVOLUTION; EXPANSION; MARKERS AB Comparing inferences among datasets generated using short read sequencing may provide insight into the concerted impacts of divergence, gene flow and selection across organisms, but comparisons are complicated by biases introduced during dataset assembly. Sequence similarity thresholds allow the de novo assembly of short reads into clusters of alleles representing different loci, but the resulting datasets are sensitive to both the similarity threshold used and to the variation naturally present in the organism under study. Thresholds that require high sequence similarity among reads for assembly (stringent thresholds) as well as highly variable species may result in datasets in which divergent alleles are lost or divided into separate loci ('over-splitting'), whereas liberal thresholds increase the risk of paralogous loci being combined into a single locus ('under-splitting'). Comparisons among datasets or species are therefore potentially biased if different similarity thresholds are applied or if the species differ in levels of within-lineage genetic variation. We examine the impact of a range of similarity thresholds on assembly of empirical short read datasets from populations of four different non-model bird lineages (species or species pairs) with different levels of genetic divergence. We find that, in all species, stringent similarity thresholds result in fewer alleles per locus than more liberal thresholds, which appears to be the result of high levels of over-splitting. The frequency of putative under-splitting, conversely, is low at all thresholds. Inferred genetic distances between individuals, gene tree depths, and estimates of the ancestral mutation-scaled effective population size (.) differ depending upon the similarity threshold applied. Relative differences in inferences across species differ even when the same threshold is applied, but may be dramatically different when datasets assembled under different thresholds are compared. These differences not only complicate comparisons across species, but also preclude the application of standard mutation rates for parameter calibration. We suggest some best practices for assembling short read data to maximize comparability, such as using more liberal thresholds and examining the impact of different thresholds on each dataset. C1 [Harvey, Michael G.; Judy, Caroline Duffie; Seeholzer, Glenn F.; Maley, James M.; Brumfield, Robb T.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Harvey, Michael G.; Judy, Caroline Duffie; Seeholzer, Glenn F.; Maley, James M.; Brumfield, Robb T.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Judy, Caroline Duffie; Graves, Gary R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 116, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Maley, James M.] Occidental Coll, Moore Lab Zool, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Harvey, MG (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM mharve9@lsu.edu RI Brumfield, Robb/K-6108-2015; publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017 OI Brumfield, Robb/0000-0003-2307-0688; FU NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement [DEB-1210556, DEB-1110624] FX Funding was provided by NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grants to Michael G. Harvey (DEB-1210556) and James M. Maley (DEB-1110624). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 29 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 3 AR e895 DI 10.7717/peerj.895 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH2DU UT WOS:000353836500002 PM 25922792 ER PT J AU Hunt, G Hopkins, MJ Lidgard, S AF Hunt, Gene Hopkins, Melanie J. Lidgard, Scott TI Simple versus complex models of trait evolution and stasis as a response to environmental change SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE evolutionary mode; stasis; gradualism; punctuated equilibrium; climate change ID PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION; RANDOM-WALKS; BODY-SIZE; PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIA; STABILIZING SELECTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOSSIL RECORD; TEMPO; RATES; SEA AB Previous analyses of evolutionary patterns, or modes, in fossil lineages have focused overwhelmingly on three simple models: stasis, random walks, and directional evolution. Here we use likelihood methods to fit an expanded set of evolutionary models to a large compilation of ancestor-descendant series of populations from the fossil record. In addition to the standard three models, we assess more complex models with punctuations and shifts from one evolutionary mode to another. As in previous studies, we find that stasis is common in the fossil record, as is a strict version of stasis that entails no real evolutionary changes. Incidence of directional evolution is relatively low (13%), but higher than in previous studies because our analytical approach can more sensitively detect noisy trends. Complex evolutionary models are often favored, overwhelmingly so for sequences comprising many samples. This finding is consistent with evolutionary dynamics that are, in reality, more complex than any of the models we consider. Furthermore, the timing of shifts in evolutionary dynamics varies among traits measured from the same series. Finally, we use our empirical collection of evolutionary sequences and a long and highly resolved proxy for global climate to inform simulations in which traits adaptively track temperature changes over time. When realistically calibrated, we find that this simple model can reproduce important aspects of our paleontological results. We conclude that observed paleontological patterns, including the prevalence of stasis, need not be inconsistent with adaptive evolution, even in the face of unstable physical environments. C1 [Hunt, Gene] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hopkins, Melanie J.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Paleontol, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Lidgard, Scott] Field Museum Nat Hist, Integrat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. RP Hunt, G (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hunte@si.edu NR 56 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 30 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 16 BP 4885 EP 4890 DI 10.1073/pnas.1403662111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG4FJ UT WOS:000353239100034 PM 25901309 ER PT J AU Slater, GJ AF Slater, Graham J. TI Iterative adaptive radiations of fossil canids show no evidence for diversity-dependent trait evolution SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE macroevolution; adaptive radiation; Canidae; phylogenetics; rates ID BODY-SIZE EVOLUTION; EARLY BURSTS; PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEMATICS; MORPHOLOGICAL DISPARITY; ECOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITY; STABILIZING SELECTION; ACTIVE TRENDS; COPES RULE; CARNIVORA; DIVERSIFICATION AB A long-standing hypothesis in adaptive radiation theory is that ecological opportunity constrains rates of phenotypic evolution, generating a burst of morphological disparity early in clade history. Empirical support for the early burst model is rare in comparative data, however. One possible reason for this lack of support is that most phylogenetic tests have focused on extant clades, neglecting information from fossil taxa. Here, I test for the expected signature of adaptive radiation using the outstanding 40-My fossil record of North American canids. Models implying time-and diversity-dependent rates of morphological evolution are strongly rejected for two ecologically important traits, body size and grinding area of the molar teeth. Instead, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes implying repeated, and sometimes rapid, attraction to distinct dietary adaptive peaks receive substantial support. Diversity-dependent rates of morphological evolution seem uncommon in clades, such as canids, that exhibit a pattern of replicated adaptive radiation. Instead, these clades might best be thought of as deterministic radiations in constrained Simpsonian subzones of a major adaptive zone. Support for adaptive peak models may be diagnostic of subzonal radiations. It remains to be seen whether early burst or ecological opportunity models can explain broader adaptive radiations, such as the evolution of higher taxa. C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Slater, GJ (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM slaterg@si.edu FU Peter Buck Post-Doctoral Fellowship at the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) FX I thank D. Jablonski and N. Shubin for inviting me to contribute this article, and D. Bohaska, J. Galkin, D. Lunde, and N. Pyenson for access to specimens. I am especially grateful to G. Hunt for much useful discussion of ideas, and to G. Hunt, J. Finarelli, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments and criticisms on earlier versions of the manuscript. This work was supported by a Peter Buck Post-Doctoral Fellowship at the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). NR 68 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 31 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 16 BP 4897 EP 4902 DI 10.1073/pnas.1403666111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG4FJ UT WOS:000353239100036 PM 25901311 ER PT J AU Douchin, D De Marco, O Frew, DJ Jacoby, GH Jasniewicz, G Fitzgerald, M Passy, JC Harmer, D Hillwig, T Moe, M AF Douchin, Dimitri De Marco, Orsola Frew, D. J. Jacoby, G. H. Jasniewicz, G. Fitzgerald, M. Passy, Jean-Claude Harmer, D. Hillwig, Todd Moe, Maxwell TI The binary fraction of planetary nebula central stars - II. A larger sample and improved technique for the infrared excess search SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: photometric; surveys; binaries: general; stars: evolution; stars: statistics; planetary nebulae: general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; H-ALPHA SURVEY; BE-URSAE-MAJORIS; WHITE-DWARFS; TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES; POPULATION SYNTHESIS; RADIAL-VELOCITY; GALACTIC PLANE; STELLAR LOCUS; LOTR 5 AB There is no conclusive explanation of why similar to 80 per cent of planetary nebulae (PNe) are non-spherical. In the Binary Hypothesis, a binary interaction is a preferred channel to form a non-spherical PN. A fundamental step to corroborate or disprove the Binary Hypothesis is to estimate the binary fraction of central stars of PNe (CSPNe) and compare it with a prediction based on the binary fraction of the progenitor, main-sequence population. In this paper, the second in a series, we search for spatially unresolved I-and J-band flux excess in an extended sample of 34 CSPN by a refined measurement technique with a better quantification of the uncertainties. The detection rate of I-(J-) band flux excess is 32 +/- 16 per cent (50 +/- 24 per cent). This result is very close to what was obtained in Paper I with a smaller sample. We account conservatively for unobserved cool companions down to brown dwarf luminosities, increasing these fractions to 40 +/- 20 per cent (62 +/- 30 per cent). This step is very sensitive to the adopted brightness limit of our survey. Accounting for visual companions increases the binary fraction to 46 +/- 23 per cent (71 +/- 34 per cent). These figures are lower than in Paper I. The error bars are better quantified, but still unacceptably large. Taken at face value, the current CSPN binary fraction is in line with the main-sequence progenitor population binary fraction. However, including white dwarfs companions could increase this fraction by as much as 13 (21) per cent points. C1 [Douchin, Dimitri; De Marco, Orsola; Frew, D. J.; Fitzgerald, M.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Douchin, Dimitri; De Marco, Orsola; Frew, D. J.; Fitzgerald, M.] Macquarie Univ, Astron Astrophys & Astrophoton Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Douchin, Dimitri; Jasniewicz, G.] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univers & Particules, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Jacoby, G. H.] Giant Magellan Telescope, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Jacoby, G. H.] Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Passy, Jean-Claude] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P5C2, Canada. [Harmer, D.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Kitt Peak Natl Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Hillwig, Todd] Valparaiso Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA. [Moe, Maxwell] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Douchin, D (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM dimitri.douchin@mq.edu.au OI Hillwig, Todd/0000-0002-0816-1090; Frew, David/0000-0002-3108-5284 FU Australian Research Council via the Future Fellowship scheme [FT120100452]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX The authors thank the anonymous reviewer for his comments and suggestions. DD thanks Quentin Parker for his support during the writing of this paper and Ivan Bojicic for his help in using the Macquarie University GPN Database. OD acknowledges financial support from the Australian Research Council via the Future Fellowship scheme (FT120100452).; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS website is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 93 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 4 BP 3132 EP 3155 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2700 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0WF UT WOS:000351529500013 ER PT J AU Dincel, B Neuhauser, R Yerli, SK Ankay, A Tetzlaff, N Torres, G Mugrauer, M AF Dincel, B. Neuhaeuser, R. Yerli, S. K. Ankay, A. Tetzlaff, N. Torres, G. Mugrauer, M. TI Discovery of an OB runaway star inside SNR S147 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: early type; stars: individual: HD37424; pulsars: individual: PSR J0538+2817; ISM: individual objects: SNR G180.0-1.7 (S147); ISM: supernova remnants ID NOVA REMNANT S147; UNIVERSITY OBSERVATORY JENA; GALACTIC SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; B-TYPE STARS; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; PULSAR COMPANIONS; PROPER MOTIONS; PSR J0538+2817; RADIO PULSARS; NEUTRON-STARS AB We present first results of a long-term study: Searching for OB-type runaway stars inside supernova remnants (SNRs). We identified spectral types and measured radial velocities by optical spectroscopic observations and we found an early type runaway star inside SNR S147. HD 37424 is a B0.5V-type star with a peculiar velocity of 74 +/- 8 kms(-1). Tracing back the past trajectories via Monte Carlo simulations, we found that HD 37424 was located at the same position as the central compact object, PSR J0538+2817, 30 +/- 4 kyr ago. This position is only similar to 4 arcmin away from the geometrical centre of the SNR. So, we suggest that HD 37424 was the pre-supernova binary companion to the progenitor of the pulsar and the SNR. We found a distance of 1333(-112)(+103) pc to the SNR. The zero-age main sequence progenitor mass should be greater than 13 M-circle dot. The age is 30 +/- 4 kyr and the total visual absorption towards the centre is 1.28 +/- 0.06 mag. For different progenitor masses, we calculated the pre-supernova binary parameters. The Roche lobe radii suggest that it was an interacting binary in the late stages of the progenitor. C1 [Dincel, B.; Neuhaeuser, R.; Tetzlaff, N.; Mugrauer, M.] Inst Astrophys, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Dincel, B.; Neuhaeuser, R.; Tetzlaff, N.; Mugrauer, M.] Univ Sternwarte Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Yerli, S. K.] Orta Dogu Teknik Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Ankay, A.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey. [Torres, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Dincel, B (reprint author), Inst Astrophys, D-07745 Jena, Germany. EM baha.dincel@uni-jena.de RI Yerli, Sinan/D-1324-2010 FU DFG [SFB/TR-7, NE 515/53-1]; TUBITAK National Observatory [12ARTT150-267] FX This work was conceived by the late Oktay H. GUSEINOV (1938-2009). We acknowledge the leading role he had in all stages of this work and other related topics. His contribution to Galactic Astrophysics and his scholarship will be greatly missed. We thank Janos Schmidt and Christian Ginski for their observational support and Ronny Errmann for useful discussions. BD, NT and RN acknowledge support from DFG in the SFB/TR-7 Gravitational Wave Astronomy. This research has made use of ALADIN. We would like to thank the Calar Alto observatory staff for their help in our observations; and we would like to thank DFG in NE 515/53-1 for financial support for the Calar Alto observing run. We also thank TUBITAK National Observatory for their supports in using RTT-150 with project number 12ARTT150-267. NR 81 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 4 BP 3196 EP 3205 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv124 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0WF UT WOS:000351529500016 ER PT J AU Britt, CT Maccarone, T Pretorius, ML Hynes, RI Jonker, PG Torres, MAP Knigge, C Johnson, CO Heinke, CB Steeghs, D Greiss, S Nelemans, G AF Britt, C. T. Maccarone, T. Pretorius, M. L. Hynes, R. I. Jonker, P. G. Torres, M. A. P. Knigge, C. Johnson, C. O. Heinke, C. B. Steeghs, D. Greiss, S. Nelemans, G. TI The relationship between X-ray luminosity and duty cycle for dwarf novae and their specific frequency in the inner Galaxy SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; stars: dwarf novae; novae, cataclysmic variables ID GALACTIC BULGE SURVEY; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLE-STARS; Z-CAMELOPARDALIS; SPACE DENSITY; MILKY-WAY; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; COMPACT BINARIES; U-GEMINORUM; SS-CYGNI; EVOLUTION AB We measure the duty cycles for an existing sample of well-observed, nearby dwarf novae (DNe) using data from American Association of Variable Star Observers, and present a quantitative empirical relation between the duty cycle of DNe outbursts and the X-ray luminosity of the system in quiescence. We have found that logDC = 0.63(+/- 0.21) x (log L-X(erg s(-1)) - 31.3) -0.95(+/- 0.1), where DC stands for duty cycle. We note that there is intrinsic scatter in this relation greater than what is expected from purely statistical errors. Using the DN X-ray luminosity functions from Pretorius & Knigge and Byckling et al., we compare this relation to the number of DNe in the Galactic Bulge Survey which were identified through optical outbursts during an 8-d-long monitoring campaign. We find a specific frequency of X-ray-bright (L-X greater than or similar to 10(31) erg s(-1)) cataclysmic variables (CVs) undergoing DNe outbursts in the direction of the Galactic bulge of 6.6 +/- 4.7 x 10(-5) M-circle dot(-1). Such a specific frequency would give a solar neighbourhood space density of long-period CVs of. = 5.6 +/- 3.9 x 10(-6) pc(-3). We advocate the use of specific frequency in future work, given that projects like Large Synoptic Survey Telescope will detect DNe well outside the distance range over which rho approximate to const. C1 [Britt, C. T.; Maccarone, T.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Pretorius, M. L.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Hynes, R. I.; Johnson, C. O.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Jonker, P. G.; Torres, M. A. P.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jonker, P. G.; Torres, M. A. P.; Nelemans, G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Jonker, P. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Knigge, C.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Heinke, C. B.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Heinke, C. B.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Steeghs, D.; Greiss, S.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Astron & Astrophys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RP Britt, CT (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Box 41051,Sci Bldg, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM christopher.britt@ttu.edu RI Nelemans, Gijs/D-3177-2012 OI Nelemans, Gijs/0000-0002-0752-2974 FU NSERC; Ingenuity New Faculty Award; Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship FX COH is supported by NSERC, an Ingenuity New Faculty Award, and an Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services and of SAOImage DS9, developed by Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research. We thank the referee, Koji Mukai, for his insightful comments improving the interpretation of this work. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 4 BP 3455 EP 3462 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv256 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0WF UT WOS:000351529500040 ER PT J AU Zemunik, G Turner, BL Lambers, H Laliberte, E AF Zemunik, Graham Turner, Benjamin L. Lambers, Hans Laliberte, Etienne TI Diversity of plant nutrient-acquisition strategies increases during long-term ecosystem development SO NATURE PLANTS LA English DT Article ID 2-MILLION-YEAR DUNE CHRONOSEQUENCE; TEMPERATE RAIN-FOREST; SOIL CHRONOSEQUENCE; PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; MULTIPLE TRAITS; RETROGRESSION; BIODIVERSITY; PEDOGENESIS AB Plant species diversity increases as soil phosphorus availability declines during long-term ecosystem development(1,2). The increase in plant species diversity is associated with a decline in above-ground functional diversity, because leaf traits converge on a high phosphorus-use efficiency strategy on old and infertile soils(3,4). In contrast, the response of below-ground traits that directly influence nutrient acquisition remains poorly understood(3,5); yet it might be key to understanding how soil fertility drives patterns of plant species diversity(1). Here we show a marked increase in the richness and diversity of plant nutrient-acquisition strategies with declining soil phosphorus availability during long-term ecosystem development in a global biodiversity hotspot. Almost all nutrient-acquisition strategies currently known were found in plants from the most infertile soils, despite these being some of the most phosphorus-impoverished soils on Earth. Mycorrhizal plants declined in relative abundance by >30%, although the decline was compensated by an increase in non-mycorrhizal, carboxylate-exuding species that 'mine' phosphorus from the soil using different strategies. Plant species richness within individual nutrient-acquisition strategies also increased dramatically, with the species richness of many strategies more than doubling between the youngest and oldest soils. These results reveal increasing functional diversity of below-ground traits related to nutrient acquisition during ecosystem development, suggesting that no single combination of traits, including those related to nutrient-acquisition strategies, is superior to all others at extremely low soil fertility. Furthermore, the increasing diversity of nutrient-acquisition strategies with declining soil fertility, despite functional convergence of above-ground traits(4,6), suggests that fundamentally different plant community assembly processes operate above-and below-ground. C1 [Zemunik, Graham; Turner, Benjamin L.; Lambers, Hans; Laliberte, Etienne] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Laliberte, Etienne] Univ Montreal, Inst Rech Biol Vegetale, Montreal, PQ H1X 2B2, Canada. RP Zemunik, G (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. EM graham@graduate.uwa.edu.au RI Laliberte, Etienne/B-6855-2008; Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Lambers, Hans/A-1544-2008; OI Laliberte, Etienne/0000-0002-3167-2622; Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Lambers, Hans/0000-0002-4118-2272; Zemunik, Graham/0000-0002-6064-345X FU Paul Hasluck Bequest; UWA; DECRA [DE120100352]; Australian Research Council (ARC) [ARC DP0985685]; University, State and Commonwealth Governments FX G.Z. was supported by a scholarship from the Paul Hasluck Bequest administered by the Kwongan Foundation. We acknowledge the assistance of many people in conducting the flora surveys. Funding was provided by research awards from UWA and a DECRA (DE120100352) from the Australian Research Council (ARC) to E.L. H.L. was supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC DP0985685). We thank D. Agudo and A. Bielnicka for laboratory support. We acknowledge the Department of Parks and Wildlife (Western Australia) and the Shires of Dandaragan, and Coorow for permission to conduct research on land under their administration. We acknowledge the facilities, and the scientific and technical assistance of the Australian Microscopy & Microanalysis Research Facility at the Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, a facility funded by the University, State and Commonwealth Governments. NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 12 U2 36 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2055-026X EI 2055-0278 J9 NAT PLANTS JI Nat. Plants PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 1 IS 5 BP 1 EP 4 AR 15050 DI 10.1038/NPLANTS.2015.50 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV6RP UT WOS:000364398300001 ER PT J AU Andrade-Santos, F Jones, C Forman, WR Murray, SS Kraft, RP Vikhlinin, A van Weeren, RJ Nulsen, PEJ David, LP Dawson, WA Arnaud, M Pointecouteau, E Pratt, GW Melin, JB AF Andrade-Santos, Felipe Jones, Christine Forman, William R. Murray, Stephen S. Kraft, Ralph P. Vikhlinin, Alexey van Weeren, Reinout J. Nulsen, Paul E. J. David, Laurence P. Dawson, William A. Arnaud, Monique Pointecouteau, Etienne Pratt, Gabriel W. Melin, Jean-Baptiste TI CHANDRA AND XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS OF THE BIMODAL PLANCK SZ-DETECTED CLUSTER PLCKG345.40-39.34 (A3716) WITH HIGH AND LOW ENTROPY SUBCLUSTER CORES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (A3716); large-scale structure of universe; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID RELAXED GALAXY CLUSTERS; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; TEMPERATURE RELATION; STELLAR POPULATION; SURVEY DESIGN; COMA CLUSTER; JET POWER; EVOLUTION; MASS; GAS AB We present results from Chandra, XMM-Newton, and ROSAT observations of the Planck SZ-detected cluster A3716 (PLCKG345.40-39.34-G345). We show that G345 is, in fact, two subclusters separated on the sky by 400 kpc. We measure the subclusters' gas temperatures (similar to 2-3 keV), total (similar to 1-2 x 10(14) M-circle dot) and gas (similar to 1-2 x 10(13) M-circle dot) masses, gas mass fraction within r(500), entropy profiles, and X-ray luminosities (similar to 10(43) erg s(-1)). Using the gas density and temperature profiles for both subclusters, we show that there is good (0.8 sigma) agreement between the expected Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal predicted from the X-ray data and that measured from the Planck mission, and better agreement within 0.6 sigma when we re-computed the Planck value assuming a two component cluster model, with relative amplitudes fixed based on the X-ray data. Dynamical analysis shows that the two galaxy subclusters are very likely (> 97% probability) gravitationally bound, and in the most likely scenario, the subclusters will undergo core passage in 500 +/- 200 Myr. The northern subcluster is centrally peaked and has a low entropy core, while the southern subcluster has a high central entropy. The high central entropy in the southern subcluster can be explained either by the mergers of several groups, as suggested by the presence of five giant ellipticals or by active galactic nucleus energy injection, as suggested by the presence of a strong radio source in one of its massive elliptical galaxies, or by a combination of both processes. C1 [Andrade-Santos, Felipe; Jones, Christine; Forman, William R.; Murray, Stephen S.; Kraft, Ralph P.; Vikhlinin, Alexey; van Weeren, Reinout J.; Nulsen, Paul E. J.; David, Laurence P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Murray, Stephen S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Dawson, William A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Arnaud, Monique; Pratt, Gabriel W.] Univ Paris Diderot, IRFU Serv Astrophys CEA DSM CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Pointecouteau, Etienne] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Pointecouteau, Etienne] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Melin, Jean-Baptiste] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Andrade-Santos, F (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM fsantos@cfa.harvard.edu OI Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU Chandra grant [G03-14131X]; Smithsonian Institution; NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral grant by Chandra X-Ray Center [PF2-130104]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; US DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-11-BD56-015] FX F.A.-S. acknowledges support from Chandra grant G03-14131X. C.J. and W.R.F. are supported by the Smithsonian Institution. R.J.W. is supported by NASA through the Einstein Postdoctoral grant PF2-130104 awarded by the Chandra X-Ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astro-physical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. P.E.J.N., A.V., L.P.D., and R.P.K. were supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060. Part of this work performed under the auspices of the US DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. E.P., M.A. and G.W.P. acknowledge the support of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche under grant ANR-11-BD56-015 We are also very grateful to the anonymous referee who helped to improve this work. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 108 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/108 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500059 ER PT J AU Dierickx, M Jimenez-Serra, I Rivilla, VM Zhang, Q AF Dierickx, M. Jimenez-Serra, I. Rivilla, V. M. Zhang, Q. TI SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY HIGH-ANGULAR RESOLUTION OBSERVATIONS OF THE MONOCEROS R2 STAR-FORMING CLUSTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (Mon R2); ISM: jets and outflows; stars: formation ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; MASS PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; OUTFLOW-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; GAS-PHASE H2O; H-II REGION; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; MON R2; CO OUTFLOWS; CLOUD CORE; HOT CORES AB We present the first high-angular resolution study of the MonR2 star-forming complex carried out with the Submillimeter Array at (sub-) millimeter wavelengths. We image the continuum and molecular line emission toward the young stellar objects in MonR2 at 0.85 and 1.3 mm, with resolutions ranging from 0.'' 5 to similar to 3 ''. While free-free emission dominates the IRS1 and IRS2 continuum, dust thermal emission prevails for IRS3 and IRS5, giving envelope masses of similar to 0.1-0.3 M-circle dot. IRS5 splits into at least two sub-arcsecond scale sources, IRS5B and the more massive IRS5A. Our (CO)-C-12(2-1) images reveal 11 previously unknown molecular outflows in the MonR2 clump. Comparing these outflows with known IR sources in the IRS5 and IRS3 subclusters allows for tentative identification of driving stars. Line images of molecular species such as CH3CN or CH3OH show that, besides IRS3 (a well-known hot molecular core), IRS5 is also a chemically active source in the region. The gas excitation temperature derived from CH3CN lines toward IRS5 is 144 +/- 15 K, indicating a deeply embedded protostar at the hot-core evolutionary stage. Spectral energy distribution fitting of IRS5 gives a mass of similar to 7 M-circle dot and a luminosity of 300 L-circle dot for the central source. The derived physical properties of the CO outflows suggest that they contribute to the turbulent support of the MonR2 complex and to the gas velocity dispersion in the clump's center. The detection of a large number of CO outflows widespread across the region supports the competitive accretion scenario as origin of the MonR2 star cluster. C1 [Dierickx, M.; Jimenez-Serra, I.; Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jimenez-Serra, I.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Jimenez-Serra, I.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London NW1 2PS, England. [Rivilla, V. M.] Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, E-28850 Madrid, Spain. [Rivilla, V. M.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. RP Dierickx, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mdierickx@cfa.harvard.edu; ijimenez@eso.org; ryvendel@gmail.com; qzhang@cfa.harvard.edu OI Dierickx, Marion/0000-0002-3519-8593; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under REA [PIIF-GA-2011-301538]; Spanish project [AYA2010-21697-C05-01] FX I.J.-S. acknowledges financial support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement number PIIF-GA-2011-301538. V.M.R. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish project AYA2010-21697-C05-01. NR 99 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 89 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/89 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500041 ER PT J AU Hung, CL Rich, JA Yuan, TT Larson, KL Casey, CM Smith, HA Sanders, DB Kewley, LJ Hayward, CC AF Hung, Chao-Ling Rich, Jeffrey A. Yuan, Tiantian Larson, Kirsten L. Casey, Caitlin M. Smith, Howard A. Sanders, D. B. Kewley, Lisa J. Hayward, Christopher C. TI KINEMATIC CLASSIFICATIONS OF LOCAL INTERACTING GALAXIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MERGER/DISK CLASSIFICATIONS AT HIGH-z SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: interactions; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: structure ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY; H-ALPHA KINEMATICS; ULTRA DEEP FIELD; ON SPIRAL GALAXY; HIGH-REDSHIFT; SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; MAJOR MERGERS; GOALS SAMPLE AB The classification of galaxy mergers and isolated disks is key for understanding the relative importance of galaxy interactions and secular evolution during the assembly of galaxies. Galaxy kinematics as traced by emission lines have been used to suggest the existence of a significant population of high-z star-forming galaxies consistent with isolated rotating disks. However, recent studies have cautioned that post-coalescence mergers may also display disk-like kinematics. To further investigate the robustness of merger/disk classifications based on kinematic properties, we carry out a systematic classification of 24 local (U) LIRGs spanning a range of morphologies: from isolated spiral galaxies, ongoing interacting systems, to fully merged remnants. We artificially redshift the Wide Field Spectrograph observations of these local (U) LIRGs to z = 1.5 to make a realistic comparison with observations at high-z, and also to ensure that all galaxies have the same spatial sampling of similar to 900 pc. Using both kinemetry-based and visual classifications, we find that the reliability of kinematic classification shows a strong trend with the interaction stage of galaxies. Mergers with two nuclei and tidal tails have the most distinct kinematics compared to isolated disks, whereas a significant population of the interacting disks and merger remnants are indistinguishable from isolated disks. The high fraction of mergers displaying disk-like kinematics reflects the complexity of the dynamics during galaxy interactions. Additional merger indicators such as morphological properties traced by stars or molecular gas are required to further constrain the merger/disk classifications at high-z. C1 [Hung, Chao-Ling; Larson, Kirsten L.; Sanders, D. B.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hung, Chao-Ling; Smith, Howard A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rich, Jeffrey A.] Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Rich, Jeffrey A.] Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Yuan, Tiantian; Kewley, Lisa J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Casey, Caitlin M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Hayward, Christopher C.] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Hayward, Christopher C.] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Hung, CL (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM clhung@ifa.hawaii.edu RI Hayward, Christopher/I-4756-2012; OI Hayward, Christopher/0000-0003-4073-3236; Rich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5807-5078; Casey, Caitlin/0000-0002-0930-6466 FU NASA [NNX14AJ61G, NNX11AB02G, NNX12AI55G]; Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship program; McCue Fellowship through the University of California, Irvines Center for Cosmology; Klaus Tschira Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; U.S. Government [NAG W-2166] FX We thank the referee for the great effort with improving the paper. C.-L.H. thanks A. W. Mann for technical help with Figures 1 and 5. C.-L.H. wishes to acknowledge support from NASA grants NNX14AJ61G, NNX11AB02G, and the Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship program. K.L.L. and D.B.S. gratefully acknowledge support from NASA grant NNX11AB02G. C.M.C. acknowledges support from a McCue Fellowship through the University of California, Irvines Center for Cosmology. H.A.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA grants NNX14AJ61G and NNX12AI55G. C.C.H. is grateful to the Klaus Tschira Foundation and Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for financial support. The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S. Government grant NAG W-2166. The images of these surveys are based on photographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the present compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions. NR 95 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 62 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/62 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500014 ER PT J AU Lindner, RR Aguirre, P Baker, AJ Bond, JR Crichton, D Devlin, MJ Essinger-Hileman, T Gallardo, P Gralla, MB Hilton, M Hincks, AD Huffenberger, KM Hughes, JP Infante, L Lima, M Marriage, TA Menanteau, F Niemack, MD Page, LA Schmitt, BL Sehgal, N Sievers, JL Sifon, C Staggs, ST Swetz, D Weiss, A Wollack, EJ AF Lindner, Robert R. Aguirre, Paula Baker, Andrew J. Bond, J. Richard Crichton, Devin Devlin, Mark J. Essinger-Hileman, Thomas Gallardo, Patricio Gralla, Megan B. Hilton, Matt Hincks, Adam D. Huffenberger, Kevin M. Hughes, John P. Infante, Leopoldo Lima, Marcos Marriage, Tobias A. Menanteau, Felipe Niemack, Michael D. Page, Lyman A. Schmitt, Benjamin L. Sehgal, Neelima Sievers, J. L. Sifon, Cristobal Staggs, Suzanne T. Swetz, Daniel Weiss, Axel Wollack, Edward J. TI THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: THE LABOCA/ACT SURVEY OF CLUSTERS AT ALL REDSHIFTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; cosmology: observations; submillimeter: galaxies; submillimeter: general ID DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; MASSIVE GALAXY CLUSTERS; X-RAY; SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; 1E 0657-56; EL GORDO; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PECULIAR VELOCITY; SCALING RELATIONS; MERGING CLUSTER AB We present a multi-wavelength analysis of 11 Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE)-selected galaxy clusters (10 with new data) from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) southern survey. We have obtained new imaging from the Large APEX Bolometer Camera (345 GHz; LABOCA) on the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) telescope, the Australia Telescope Compact Array (2.1 GHz; ATCA), and the Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (250, 350, and 500 mu m; SPIRE) on the Herschel Space Observatory. (24)Spatially resolved 345 GHz SZE increments with integrated signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 5 are found in six clusters. We compute 2.1 GHz number counts as a function of cluster-centric radius and find significant enhancements in the counts of bright sources at projected radii theta < theta(2500c). By extrapolating in frequency, we predict that the combined signals from 2.1 GHz-selected radio sources and 345 GHz-selected submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) contaminate the 148 GHz SZE decrement signal by similar to 5% and the 345 GHz SZE increment by similar to 18%. After removing radio source and SMG emission from the SZE signals, we use ACT, LABOCA, and (in some cases) new Herschel SPIRE imaging to place constraints on the clusters' peculiar velocities. The sample's average peculiar velocity relative to the cosmic microwave background is < v(p)> = 153 +/- 383 km s(-1). C1 [Lindner, Robert R.; Baker, Andrew J.; Hughes, John P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Lindner, Robert R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Aguirre, Paula] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Sch Engn, Santiago, Chile. [Bond, J. Richard] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Crichton, Devin; Essinger-Hileman, Thomas; Gralla, Megan B.; Marriage, Tobias A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Devlin, Mark J.; Schmitt, Benjamin L.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gallardo, Patricio; Niemack, Michael D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gallardo, Patricio] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Gralla, Megan B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hilton, Matt; Infante, Leopoldo; Sievers, J. L.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa. [Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron & Particle Theory, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Hincks, Adam D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Huffenberger, Kevin M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Lima, Marcos] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Dept Fis Matemat, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Menanteau, Felipe] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Menanteau, Felipe] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Page, Lyman A.; Staggs, Suzanne T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Sehgal, Neelima] Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Sievers, J. L.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Natl Inst Theoret Phys NITheP, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. [Sifon, Cristobal] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Swetz, Daniel] NIST Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Weiss, Axel] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Lindner, RR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM rlindner@astro.wisc.edu RI Lima, Marcos/E-8378-2010; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Sievers, Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074; Huffenberger, Kevin/0000-0001-7109-0099; Menanteau, Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534; Sifon, Cristobal/0000-0002-8149-1352 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0955810, AST-0408698, AST-0965625, PHY-0855887, PHY-1214379, AST-0707731, PIRE-0507768, OISE-0530095]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [GO1-12008X, GO2-13156X]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; Programa de Astronomia de la Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT); Princeton University; University of Pennsylvania; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); CFI under the Compute Canada; Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence; University of Toronto; FONDAP Center for Astrophysics [15010003]; BASAL CATA Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through JPL/Caltech; Herschel FX R.R.L. and A.J.B. acknowledge significant support for this work from the U.S. National Science Foundation through grant AST-0955810. J.P.H. acknowledges support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through Chandra Awards numbered GO1-12008X and GO2-13156X issued to Rutgers University by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060, and through an award issued by JPL/Caltech in association with Herschel, which is a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA. ACT operates in the Parque Astronomico Atacama in northern Chile under the auspices of the Programa de Astronomia de la Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT). This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through awards AST-0408698 and AST-0965625 for the ACT project, and PHY-0855887, PHY-1214379, AST-0707731, and PIRE-0507768 (award No. OISE-0530095). Funding was also provided by Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and a Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award to UBC. Computations were performed on the GPC super-computer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the CFI under the auspices of Compute Canada, the Government of Ontario, the Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence, and the University of Toronto. We acknowledge support from the FONDAP Center for Astrophysics 15010003, BASAL CATA Center for Astrophysics and Associated Technologies. The authors thank the APEX staff for their help in carrying out the observations presented here, as well as Phil Edwards, Robin Wark, and Shane O'Sullivan for their assistance with the ATCA observations. We thank the anonymous referee for helpful feedback that has improved this manuscript. APEX is operated by the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie, the European Southern Observatory, and the Onsala Space Observatory. NR 89 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 79 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/79 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500031 ER PT J AU Naiman, JP Ramirez-Ruiz, E Debuhr, J Ma, CP AF Naiman, J. P. Ramirez-Ruiz, E. Debuhr, J. Ma, C. -P. TI THE ROLE OF NUCLEAR STAR CLUSTERS IN ENHANCING SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE FEEDING RATES DURING GALAXY MERGERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; MERGING DISC GALAXIES; BONDI-HOYLE ACCRETION; X-RAY; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; SPACE-TELESCOPE; SPIRAL GALAXIES; GAS ACCRETION; STELLAR-SYSTEMS; DWARF GALAXIES AB During galaxy mergers the gas falls to the center, triggers star formation, and feeds the rapid growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). SMBHs respond to this fueling by supplying energy back to the ambient gas. Numerical studies suggest that this feedback is necessary to explain why the properties of SMBHs and the formation of bulges are closely related. This intimate link between the SMBH's mass and the large scale dynamics and luminosity of the host has proven to be a difficult issue to tackle with simulations due to the inability to resolve all the relevant length scales simultaneously. In this paper we simulate SMBH growth at high-resolution with FLASH, accounting for the gravitational focusing effects of nuclear star clusters (NSCs), which appear to be ubiquitous in galactic nuclei. In the simulations, the NSC core is resolved by a minimum cell size of about 0.001 pc or approximately 10(-3) of the cluster's radius. We discuss the conditions required for effective gas funneling to occur, which are mainly dominated by a relationship between NSC velocity dispersion and the local sound speed, and provide a sub-grid prescription for the augmentation of central SMBH accretion rates in the presence of NSCs. For the conditions expected to persist in the centers of merging galaxies, the resultant large central gas densities in NSCs should produce drastically enhanced embedded SMBH accretion rates-up to an order of magnitude increase can be achieved for gas properties resembling those in large-scale galaxy merger simulations. This will naturally result in faster black hole growth rates and higher luminosities than predicted by the commonly used Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion formalism. C1 [Naiman, J. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ramirez-Ruiz, E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Debuhr, J.] Indiana Univ, Ctr Res Extreme Scale Technol, Bloomington, IN 47404 USA. [Ma, C. -P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Naiman, JP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; NSF [AST-0847563]; Simons Foundation; NASA [NNX11AI97G] FX We acknowledge helpful discussions with Doug Lin, Elena D'Onghia, Anil Seth, Morgan MacLeod and Lars Hernquist. We also thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. Support was provided by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and NSF grant AST-0847563, Simons Foundation and NASA grant NNX11AI97G. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 81 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/81 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500033 ER PT J AU Patnaude, DJ Lee, SH Slane, PO Badenes, C Heger, A Ellison, DC Nagataki, S AF Patnaude, Daniel J. Lee, Shiu-Hang Slane, Patrick O. Badenes, Carles Heger, Alexander Ellison, Donald C. Nagataki, Shigehiro TI ARE MODELS FOR CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA PROGENITORS CONSISTENT WITH THE PROPERTIES OF SUPERNOVA REMNANTS? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: abundances; ISM: supernova remnants; stars: mass-loss; supernovae: general; X-rays: ISM ID X-RAY-EMISSION; DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; MASSIVE STARS; IIN SUPERNOVAE; IA SUPERNOVA; CASSIOPEIA-A; NONEQUILIBRIUM IONIZATION; CIRCUMSTELLAR INTERACTION; SOLAR-METALLICITY; RX J1713.7-3946 AB The recent discovery that the Fe-K line luminosities and energy centroids observed in nearby supernova remnants are a strong discriminant of both progenitor type and circumstellar environment has implications for our understanding of supernova progenitor evolution. Using models for the chemical composition of core-collapse supernova (CCSN) ejecta, we model the dynamics and thermal X-ray emission from shocked ejecta and circumstellar material, modeled as an r(-2) wind, to ages of 3000 yr. We compare the X-ray spectra expected from these models to observations made with the Suzaku satellite. We also model the dynamics and X-ray emission from Type Ia progenitor models. We find a clear distinction in Fe-K line energy centroid between core-collapse and Type Ia models. The CCSN models predict higher Fe-K line centroid energies than the Type Ia models, in agreement with observations. We argue that the higher line centroids are a consequence of the increased densities found in the circumstellar environment created by the expansion of the slow-moving wind from the massive progenitors. C1 [Patnaude, Daniel J.; Slane, Patrick O.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lee, Shiu-Hang] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Badenes, Carles] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Badenes, Carles] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr P, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Heger, Alexander] Monash Univ, Sch Math Sci, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Ellison, Donald C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nagataki, Shigehiro] RIKEN, Astrophys Big Bang Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Patnaude, DJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dpatnaude@cfa.harvard.edu; slee@astro.isas.jaxa.jp; pslane@cfa.harvard.edu; badenes@pitt.edu; alexander.heger@monash.edu; don_ellison@ncsu.edu; shigehiro.nagataki@riken.jp RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009; OI Badenes, Carles/0000-0003-3494-343X FU Smithsonian Institution's Competitive Grants for Science Program; NASA [NAS8-03060, NNX11AE03G]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [23340069, 24.02022, 25.03786, 25610056]; Australian Research Council [FT120100363]; [2503018] FX We thank R. Fesen and D. Milisavljevic for useful discussions during the preparation of this manuscript. Additionally, we thank the anonymous referee for several useful suggestions that we have incorporated into this paper. D.J.P. acknowledges support for this work through the Smithsonian Institution's Competitive Grants for Science Program. D.J.P. and P.O.S. also acknowledge support from NASA contract NAS8-03060. S.-H.L. acknowledges support from Grants-in-Aid for Foreign JSPS Fellow (No. 2503018). D.C.E. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX11AE03G, and S.N. acknowledges support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Nos. 23340069, 24.02022, 25.03786, and 25610056). A.H. was supported by a Future Fellowship by the Australian Research Council (FT120100363). NR 67 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 101 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/101 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500052 ER PT J AU Polito, V Reeves, KK Del Zanna, G Golub, L Mason, HE AF Polito, V. Reeves, K. K. Del Zanna, G. Golub, L. Mason, H. E. TI JOINT HIGH TEMPERATURE OBSERVATION OF A SMALL C6.5 SOLAR FLARE WITH IRIS/EIS/AIA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: flares; Sun: UV radiation; techniques: spectroscopic ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; CORONAL DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER; CHROMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; IMPULSIVE PHASE; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; ACTIVE-REGION; SDO AIA; HINODE AB We present the observation of a C6.5 class flare on 2014 February 3, obtained with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) and the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on board HINODE. We follow the details of the impulsive phase with IRIS and the gradual decay phase with both IRIS and EIS. The IRIS Slit-Jaw Imager and Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) are used to precisely co-align the two sets of spectroscopic observations. Of particular interest is the Fe XXI 1354.08 angstrom spectral line, which is the highest temperature emission (similar to 10 MK) observed in the IRIS wavelength range. We show the evolution of the Fe XXI profiles during the impulsive phase of the flare at the same ribbon location with a 75 s temporal cadence. Totally blueshifted (similar to 82 km s(-1)) profiles are found at the very early phase of the flare and gradually decrease in about 6 minutes. This result is consistent with 1D model predictions during chromospheric evaporation in flares. The blueshifted components also exhibit large non-thermal broadening, which decreases simultaneously with the blueshifted velocity. After the evaporation first occurs, the Fe XXI intensity progressively moves from the footpoints to the top of the hot flare loops seen in the AIA 131 angstrom images, where the emission is observed to be at rest and thermal. Emission measure estimates from IRIS/EIS/AIA observations during the gradual phase show isothermal loop top structures cooling from about 13.5 to 12 MK with electron densities of the order of similar to 5-6 x 10(10) cm(-3). C1 [Polito, V.; Del Zanna, G.; Mason, H. E.] Univ Cambridge, CMS, DAMTP, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. [Reeves, K. K.; Golub, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 01238 USA. RP Polito, V (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, CMS, DAMTP, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. FU Norwegian Space Center (NSC, Norway) through an ESA PRODEX contract; Isaac Newton Studentship; Cambridge Trust; IRIS team at Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics; STFC; Lockheed-Martin [8100002705] FX IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by the Norwegian Space Center (NSC, Norway) through an ESA PRODEX contract. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in co-operation with ESA and NSC (Norway). AIA data are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the respective science teams. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving researchers at the universities of Cambridge (UK), George Mason, and Michigan (USA). V.P. ackowledge support from the Isaac Newton Studentship, the Cambridge Trust, and the IRIS team at Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics. H.E.M. and G.D.Z. acknowledge support from the STFC. L.G. and K.R. are supported by contract 8100002705 from Lockheed-Martin to SAO. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 84 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/84 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500036 ER PT J AU Quinn, SN White, TR Latham, DW Chaplin, WJ Handberg, R Huber, D Kipping, DM Payne, MJ Jiang, C Aguirre, VS Stello, D Sliski, DH Ciardi, DR Buchhave, LA Bedding, TR Davies, GR Hekker, S Kjeldsen, H Kuszlewicz, JS Everett, ME Howell, SB Basu, S Campante, TL Christensen-Dalsgaard, J Elsworth, YP Karoff, C Kawaler, SD Lund, MN Lundkvist, M Esquerdo, GA Calkins, ML Berlind, P AF Quinn, Samuel N. White, Timothy. R. Latham, David W. Chaplin, William J. Handberg, Rasmus Huber, Daniel Kipping, David M. Payne, Matthew J. Jiang, Chen Aguirre, Victor Silva Stello, Dennis Sliski, David H. Ciardi, David R. Buchhave, Lars A. Bedding, Timothy R. Davies, Guy R. Hekker, Saskia Kjeldsen, Hans Kuszlewicz, James S. Everett, Mark E. Howell, Steve B. Basu, Sarbani Campante, Tiago L. Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen Elsworth, Yvonne P. Karoff, Christoffer Kawaler, Steven D. Lund, Mikkel N. Lundkvist, Mia Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Calkins, Michael L. Berlind, Perry TI KEPLER-432: A RED GIANT INTERACTING WITH ONE OF ITS TWO LONG-PERIOD GIANT PLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE asteroseismology; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability; planets and satellites: formation; planets and satellites: gaseous planets; planet-star interactions; stars: individual (Kepler-432) ID STELLAR EVOLUTION CODE; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; SPIN-ORBIT MISALIGNMENT; SUN-LIKE STAR; A-TYPE STARS; HOT-JUPITER; ECCENTRIC ORBIT; TRANSITING PLANETS; ASTEROSEISMIC ANALYSIS; BLEND SCENARIOS AB We report the discovery of Kepler-432b, a giant planet ( M-b = 5.41(-0.18)(+0.32) M-Jup R-b = 1.145(-0.039)(+0.036),R-Jup) transiting an evolved star (M-* = 1.32(-0.07)(+0.10) M-circle dot R-* 4.06(-0.08)(+0.12) R-circle dot) with an orbital period of Pb = 52.501129(-0.000053)(+0.000067) days. Radial velocities (RVs) reveal that Kepler-432b orbits its parent star with an eccentricity of e = 0.5134(-0.0089)(+0.0098) , which we also measure independently with asterodensity profiling (AP; e = 0.507(-0.114)(+0.039)), thereby confirming the validity of AP on this particular evolved star. The well-determined planetary properties and unusually large mass also make this planet an important benchmark for theoretical models of super-Jupiter formation. Long-term RV monitoring detected the presence of a non-transiting outer planet (Kepler-432c; = M-c sin i(c) = 2.43(-0.24)(+0.22) M-Jup, P-c = 406.2(-2.5)(+3.9) days), and adaptive optics imaging revealed a nearby (0.'' 87), faint companion (Kepler-432B) that is a physically bound M dwarf. The host star exhibits high signal-to-noise ratio asteroseismic oscillations, which enable precise measurements of the stellar mass, radius, and age. Analysis of the rotational splitting of the oscillation modes additionally reveals the stellar spin axis to be nearly edge-on, which suggests that the stellar spin is likely well aligned with the orbit of the transiting planet. Despite its long period, the obliquity of the 52.5 day orbit may have been shaped by star-planet interaction in a manner similar to hot Jupiter systems, and we present observational and theoretical evidence to support this scenario. Finally, as a short-period outlier among giant planets orbiting giant stars, study of Kepler-432b may help explain the distribution of massive planets orbiting giant stars interior to 1 AU. C1 [Quinn, Samuel N.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [White, Timothy. R.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Latham, David W.; Kipping, David M.; Payne, Matthew J.; Sliski, David H.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Calkins, Michael L.; Berlind, Perry] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chaplin, William J.; Handberg, Rasmus; Davies, Guy R.; Kuszlewicz, James S.; Campante, Tiago L.; Elsworth, Yvonne P.; Lund, Mikkel N.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Chaplin, William J.; Handberg, Rasmus; Huber, Daniel; Jiang, Chen; Aguirre, Victor Silva; Stello, Dennis; Bedding, Timothy R.; Davies, Guy R.; Hekker, Saskia; Kjeldsen, Hans; Kuszlewicz, James S.; Campante, Tiago L.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen; Elsworth, Yvonne P.; Karoff, Christoffer; Lund, Mikkel N.; Lundkvist, Mia] Aarhus Univ, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Huber, Daniel; Stello, Dennis; Bedding, Timothy R.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron SIfA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Huber, Daniel] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Sliski, David H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ciardi, David R.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasdena, CA 91125 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hekker, Saskia] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Everett, Mark E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Howell, Steve B.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Basu, Sarbani] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Karoff, Christoffer] Aarhus Univ, Dept Geosci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Kawaler, Steven D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kipping, David M.] NASA, Washington, DC USA. [Quinn, Samuel N.] NSF, Arlington, VA USA. RP Quinn, SN (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 25 Pk Pl Suite 605, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. OI Davies, Guy/0000-0002-4290-7351; Lundkvist, Mia Sloth/0000-0002-8661-2571; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666; Ciardi, David/0000-0002-5741-3047; Karoff, Christoffer/0000-0003-2009-7965; Bedding, Tim/0000-0001-5222-4661; Handberg, Rasmus/0000-0001-8725-4502; Lund, Mikkel Norup/0000-0001-9214-5642 FU NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1051030]; NASA's Kepler mission [NNX11AB99A]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Australian Research Council [DEI40101364]; NASA [NNX14AB92G]; NASA Origins of Solar Systems Program [NNX13A124G]; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]; ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) - European Research Council [267864]; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme [338251]; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; University of Massachusetts; Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology FX We thank Russel White and an anonymous referee for valuable discussion and feedback. S.N.Q. is supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, Grant DGE-1051030. D.W.L. acknowledges partial support from NASA's Kepler mission under Cooperative Agreement NNX11AB99A with the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. D.H. acknowledges support by the Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects funding scheme (project number DEI40101364) and support by NASA under Grant NNX14AB92G issued through the Kepler Participating Scientist Program. M.J.P. gratefully acknowledges the NASA Origins of Solar Systems Program grant NNX13A124G. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (Grant DNRF106). The research is supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (Grant agreement no.: 267864). The research leading to the presented results has also received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no 338251 (StellarAges). This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has also made use of the APASS database, located at the AAVSO Web site. Funding for APASS has been provided by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund. NR 139 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 2 AR 49 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/2/49 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7YT UT WOS:000353524500001 ER PT J AU Gilbert, GS Briggs, HM Magarey, R AF Gilbert, Gregory S. Briggs, Heather M. Magarey, Roger TI The Impact of Plant Enemies Shows a Phylogenetic Signal SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL FORESTS; HOST PHYLOGENY; TRAITS; TREE; HERBIVORES; TRANSMISSION; SPECIFICITY; SIMILARITY; COMPONENTS; RESISTANCE AB The host ranges of plant pathogens and herbivores are phylogenetically constrained, so that closely related plant species are more likely to share pests and pathogens. Here we conducted a reanalysis of data from published experimental studies to test whether the severity of host-enemy interactions follows a similar phylogenetic signal. The impact of herbivores and pathogens on their host plants declined steadily with phylogenetic distance from the most severely affected focal hosts. The steepness of this phylogenetic signal was similar to that previously measured for binary-response host ranges. Enemy behavior and development showed similar, but weaker phylogenetic signal, with oviposition and growth rates declining with evolutionary distance from optimal hosts. Phylogenetic distance is an informative surrogate for estimating the likely impacts of a pest or pathogen on potential plant hosts, and may be particularly useful in early assessing risk from emergent plant pests, where critical decisions must be made with incomplete host records. C1 [Gilbert, Gregory S.; Briggs, Heather M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Magarey, Roger] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Gilbert, GS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM ggilbert@ucsc.edu FU NSF [DEB-0842059, DEB-1136626]; University of California Santa Cruz FX Funding for this work was provided by Cooperative Agreement between G. Gilbert and USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST PERAL funded from Section 10201 of the Farm Bill, and by NSF grants DEB-0842059 and DEB-1136626 to G. Gilbert. Additional support was provided by the University of California Santa Cruz. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 20 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR UNSP e0123758 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0123758 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG3XA UT WOS:000353211700054 PM 25893581 ER PT J AU Kelley, NP Pyenson, ND AF Kelley, Neil P. Pyenson, Nicholas D. TI Evolutionary innovation and ecology in marine tetrapods from the Triassic to the Anthropocene SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID SEA-SNAKES ELAPIDAE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PACIFIC-OCEAN; AMBLYRHYNCHUS-CRISTATUS; CONVERGENT EVOLUTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; FOSSIL CALIBRATIONS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; MIOCENE EPOCH; LIFE-HISTORY AB Many top consumers in today's oceans are marine tetrapods, a collection of lineages independently derived from terrestrial ancestors. The fossil record illuminates their transitions from land to sea, yet these initial invasions account for a small proportion of their evolutionary history. We review the history of marine invasions that drove major changes in anatomy, physiology, and ecology over more than 250 million years. Many innovations evolved convergently in multiple clades, whereas others are unique to individual lineages. The evolutionary arcs of these ecologically important clades are framed against the backdrop of mass extinctions and regime shifts in ocean ecosystems. Past and present human disruptions to marine tetrapods, with cascading impacts on marine ecosystems, underscore the need to link macroecology with evolutionary change. C1 [Kelley, Neil P.; Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Kelley, Neil P.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37240 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Mammal & Paleontol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kelley, NP (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM kelleynp@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship; Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History Small Grant Award; Remington Kellogg Fund; Basis Foundation FX We thank D. Erwin, J. Jackson, M. Carrano, J. Goldbogen, J. Parham, J. Velez-Juarbe, and J. Oster for helpful comments on previous versions of this paper, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions. D. Johnston provided the penguin photograph for Fig. 2. Supported by a Smithsonian Institution Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship (N.P.K.), a Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History Small Grant Award and the Remington Kellogg Fund (N.D.P.), and the Basis Foundation (N.D.P. and N.P.K.). NR 142 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 9 U2 29 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 17 PY 2015 VL 348 IS 6232 AR aaa3716 DI 10.1126/science.aaa3716 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG0YC UT WOS:000352999000033 PM 25883362 ER PT J AU Kaminski, T Menten, KM Tylenda, R Hajduk, M Patel, NA Kraus, A AF Kaminski, Tomasz Menten, Karl M. Tylenda, Romuald Hajduk, Marcin Patel, Nimesh A. Kraus, Alexander TI Nuclear ashes and outflow in the eruptive star Nova Vul 1670 SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID CK-VUL; CLASSICAL NOVAE; SUBMILLIMETER; NEBULA; GRAINS; OLDEST; APEX; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; SPECTROSCOPY; MILLIMETER AB CK Vulpeculae was observed in outburst in 1670-1672 (ref. 1), but no counterpart was seen until 1982, when a bipolar nebula was found at its location(1-3). Historically, CK Vul has been considered to be a nova (Nova Vul 1670), but its similarity to 'red transients', which are more luminous than classical novae and thought to be the results of stellar collisions(4), has re-opened the question of CK Vul's status5'6. Red transients cool to resemble late M-type stars, surrounded by circumstellar material rich in molecules and dust(7-9). No stellar source has been seen in CK Vul, though a radio continuum source was identified at the expansion centre of the nebula'. Here we report that CK Vul is surrounded by chemically rich molecular gas in the form of an outflow, as well as dust. The gas has peculiar isotopic ratios, revealing that CK Vul's composition was strongly enhanced by the nuclear ashes of hydrogen burning. The chemical composition cannot be reconciled with a nova or indeed any other known explosion. In addition, the mass of the surrounding gas is too large for a nova, though the conversion from observations of CO to a total mass is uncertain. We conclude that CK Vul is best explained as the remnant of a merger of two stars. C1 [Kaminski, Tomasz] European So Observ, Santiago, Chile. [Kaminski, Tomasz; Menten, Karl M.; Kraus, Alexander] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Tylenda, Romuald; Hajduk, Marcin] N Copernicus Astron Ctr, Dept Astrophys, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Patel, Nimesh A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kaminski, T (reprint author), European So Observ, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. EM tkaminsk@eso.org RI Hajduk, Marcin/C-9693-2014 NR 49 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 16 PY 2015 VL 520 IS 7547 BP 322 EP + DI 10.1038/nature14257 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG0RI UT WOS:000352974200032 PM 25799986 ER PT J AU Hayhurst, SE Engel, JD Walsh, T Gordon, S Murray, S Boedeker, N AF Hayhurst, Susan E. Engel, Jason D. Walsh, Timothy Gordon, Sebastian Murray, Suzan Boedeker, Nancy TI What Is Your Diagnosis? SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hayhurst, Susan E.; Engel, Jason D.; Walsh, Timothy; Gordon, Sebastian; Murray, Suzan; Boedeker, Nancy] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Dept Wildlife Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Hayhurst, SE (reprint author), Mann Mem Vet Clin, POB 919, Kennebunk, ME 04043 USA. EM susan.hayhurst@gmail.com NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 246 IS 8 BP 839 EP 841 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CK0XW UT WOS:000355930000020 PM 25835164 ER PT J AU Cabi, E Soreng, RJ Cingay, B Karabacak, E AF Cabi, Evren Soreng, Robert John Cingay, Burcin Karabacak, Ersin TI A new species of Bellardiochloa, B-doganiana (Poaceae), from the Taurus Mountains of Turkey SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Grasses; Poeae; Poinae; Poa; Festuca AB Bellardiochloa doganiana, a new species from the Taurus Mountains of Turkey, is described and illustrated. It differs from the other four species of the genus in its basal tuft of short, stiff, terete, arched, pungent-tipped basal leaf-blades, conical panicles with numerous panicle branches and mostly 1 or 2 spikelets per branch, and pedicels as long as or longer than the spikelets. C1 [Cabi, Evren] Namik Kemal Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Tekirdag, Turkey. [Soreng, Robert John] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Cingay, Burcin] Nezahat Gokyigit Bot Garden, Istanbul, Turkey. [Karabacak, Ersin] Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Canakkale, Turkey. RP Cabi, E (reprint author), Namik Kemal Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Tekirdag, Turkey. EM ecabi@nku.edu.tr FU TUBITAK-KBAG [212T113]; TUBITAK-BIDEB FX Our gratitude is extended to Musa Dogan for his contributions to botanical taxonomy of Turkey and support for the Poa project; To Yildirim Akman for his introduction of R.J. Soreng to the flora of central Turkey and providing assistance in field work in conjunction with Osman Ketenoglu, Latif Kurt,Kerim Guney, and Umit Bingol for guidance and assistance in field work to R.J. Soreng in 1991 and 1993. To Lynn Gillespie for joint field work in Turkey in 2011. To Tugrul Koruklu, Ayse Mine Gencler Ozkan, Osman Tugay for access to the ANK, AEF, KNYA university herbaria, respectively in 2014. To TUBITAK-KBAG for support of Grant no. 212T113 and TUBITAK-BIDEB for support that made R.J. Soreng's visit possible to Namik Kemal University. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 205 IS 2 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.11646/phytotaxa.205.2.6 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CG2RJ UT WOS:000353122000006 ER PT J AU Bulbert, MW Page, RA Bernal, XE AF Bulbert, Matthew W. Page, Rachel A. Bernal, Ximena E. TI Danger Comes from All Fronts: Predator-Dependent Escape Tactics of Tungara Frogs SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FLIGHT INITIATION DISTANCE; BAT PREDATION; ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR; ECHOLOCATING BATS; TURNING BEHAVIOR; EVASIVE BEHAVIOR; PREY; STRATEGIES; BIRDS; TOADS AB The escape response of an organism is generally its last line of defense against a predator. Because the effectiveness of an escape varies with the approach behaviour of the predator, it should be advantageous for prey to alter their escape trajectories depending on the mode of predator attack. To test this hypothesis we examined the escape responses of a single prey species, the ground-dwelling tungara frog (Engystomops pustulosus), to disparate predators approaching from different spatial planes: a terrestrial predator (snake) and an aerial predator (bat). Tungara frogs showed consistently distinct escape responses when attacked by terrestrial versus aerial predators. The frogs fled away from the snake models (Median: 131 degrees). In stark contrast, the frogs moved toward the bat models (Median: 27 degrees); effectively undercutting the bat's flight path. Our results reveal that prey escape trajectories reflect the specificity of their predators' attacks. This study emphasizes the flexibility of strategies performed by prey to outcompete predators with diverse modes of attack. C1 [Bulbert, Matthew W.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol, Behav Ecol Grp, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Bulbert, Matthew W.; Page, Rachel A.; Bernal, Ximena E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Bernal, Ximena E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Bulbert, MW (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol, Behav Ecol Grp, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. EM matthew.bulbert@mq.edu.au FU Texas Tech University FX This work was partially supported by Texas Tech University funding to XEB. This research received no additional funding from any public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0120546 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0120546 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG1EL UT WOS:000353015800011 PM 25874798 ER PT J AU Rinehart, LF Lucas, SG Tanner, L Nelson, WJ Elrick, SD Chaney, DS DiMichele, WA AF Rinehart, Larry F. Lucas, Spencer G. Tanner, Lawrence Nelson, W. John Elrick, Scott D. Chaney, Dan S. DiMichele, William A. TI Plant architecture and spatial structure of an early Permian woodland buried by flood waters, Sangre de Cristo Formation, New Mexico SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Permian; T-o assemblage; Fossil forest; Self thinning; Dicranophyllum ID TERTIARY METASEQUOIA FORESTS; GENERAL QUANTITATIVE THEORY; IN-SITU; PALEOZOIC CONIFERS; FOSSIL FORESTS; INNER-MONGOLIA; NEW-BRUNSWICK; ABO FORMATION; VOLCANIC ASH; USA AB Natural molds of 165 stems were found in life position in a 1 m-thick sandstone bed, lower Permian (Wolfcampian), Sangre de Cristo Formation, northern New Mexico. The sandstone represents a single flood event of a river sourced in the Ancestral Rocky Mountains. Most of the flood-buried plants survived and resumed growth. The stem affinities are uncertain, but they resemble coniferophytic gymnosperms, possibly dicranophylls. Stem diameters (N = 135) vary from 1 to 21 cm, with three strongly overlapping size classes. Modern forest studies predict a monotonically decreasing number (inverse square law) of individuals per size class as diameter increases. This is not seen for fossil stems <= 6 cm diameter, reflecting biases against preservation, exposure, and observation of smaller individuals. Stems >= 6 cm diameter obey the predicted inverse square law of diameter distribution. Height estimates calculated from diameter-to-height relationships of modern gymnosperms yielded heights varying from similar to 0.9 m to >8 m, mean of similar to 3 m. Mean stand density is approximately 2 stems/m(2) (20,000 stems/hectare) for all stems >1 cm diameter. For sterns >7.5 cm or >10 cm diameter, density is approximately 0.24 stems/m(2) (2400 stems/hectare) and 0.14 stems/m(2) (1400 stems/hectare). Stem spatial distribution is random (Poisson). Mean all-stem nearest-neighbor distance (NND) averages 36 cm. Mean NND between stems >7.5 cm and >10 cm diameter is approximately 1.02 m and 136 m. NND increases in approximate isometry with stem diameter, indicating conformation to the same spatial packing rules found in extant forests and other fossil forests of varying ages. Nearest-neighbor distance distribution passes statistical testing for normality, but with positive skew, as often seen in extant NND distributions. The size-frequency distribution of the stems is similar to those of Jurassic, early Tertiary, and extant woodlands; the early Permian woodland distribution line has the same slope, but differs in that the overall size range increases over time (Cope's rule). The early Permian woodland is self-thinning; its volume versus density relationship shows a self-thinning exponent between -1.25 and -1.5, within the range seen in some extant plant stands (-1.21 to -1.7). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rinehart, Larry F.; Lucas, Spencer G.] New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA. [Tanner, Lawrence] Le Moyne Coll, Dept Biol, Syracuse, NY 13214 USA. [Nelson, W. John; Elrick, Scott D.] Illinois State Geol Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Chaney, Dan S.; DiMichele, William A.] NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP DiMichele, WA (reprint author), NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM dimichel@si.edu NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD APR 15 PY 2015 VL 424 BP 91 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.02.018 PG 20 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CF1TQ UT WOS:000352331200008 ER PT J AU Alvarez-Filip, L Paddack, MJ Ben Collen Robertson, DR Cote, IM AF Alvarez-Filip, Lorenzo Paddack, Michelle J. Ben Collen Robertson, D. Ross Cote, Isabelle M. TI Simplification of Caribbean Reef-Fish Assemblages over Decades of Coral Reef Degradation SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID REGION-WIDE DECLINES; LIVING PLANET INDEX; MONITORING CHANGE; SPARISOMA-VIRIDE; MARINE RESERVES; ADULT ABUNDANCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT LOSS; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATIONS AB Caribbean coral reefs are becoming structurally simpler, largely due to human impacts. The consequences of this trend for reef-associated communities are currently unclear, but expected to be profound. Here, we assess whether changes in fish assemblages have been non-random over several decades of declining reef structure. More specifically, we predicted that species that depend exclusively on coral reef habitat (i.e., habitat specialists) should be at a disadvantage compared to those that use a broader array of habitats (i.e., habitat generalists). Analysing 3727 abundance trends of 161 Caribbean reef-fishes, surveyed between 1980 and 2006, we found that the trends of habitat-generalists and habitat-specialists differed markedly. The abundance of specialists started to decline in the mid-1980s, reaching a low of similar to 60% of the 1980 baseline by the mid-1990s. Both the average and the variation in abundance of specialists have increased since the early 2000s, although the average is still well below the baseline level of 1980. This modest recovery occurred despite no clear evidence of a regional recovery in coral reef habitat quality in the Caribbean during the 2000s. In contrast, the abundance of generalist fishes remained relatively stable over the same three decades. Few specialist species are fished, thus their population declines are most likely linked to habitat degradation. These results mirror the observed trends of replacement of specialists by generalists, observed in terrestrial taxa across the globe. A significant challenge that arises from our findings is now to investigate if, and how, such community-level changes in fish populations affect ecosystem function. C1 [Alvarez-Filip, Lorenzo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Unidad Acad Sistemas Arrecifales, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. [Alvarez-Filip, Lorenzo; Paddack, Michelle J.; Cote, Isabelle M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Paddack, Michelle J.] Santa Barbara City Coll, Dept Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93109 USA. [Ben Collen] UCL, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Robertson, D. Ross] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Alvarez-Filip, L (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Unidad Acad Sistemas Arrecifales, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. EM lorenzo@cmarl.unam.mx.com RI Collen, Ben/F-2543-2016; Alvarez-Filip, Lorenzo/C-9552-2011 OI Collen, Ben/0000-0003-2564-4243; Alvarez-Filip, Lorenzo/0000-0002-5726-7238 FU UK's Natural Environment Resource Council [NE/C004442/1]; Mexican Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) [160230]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC); Rufford Foundation; NSERC; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Compilation of the original database by MJP was funded by the UK's Natural Environment Resource Council, NE/C004442/1. LA-F was supported by the Mexican Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT; 160230), and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada (NSERC). BC is supported by the Rufford Foundation, IMC is funded by a Discovery Grant from NSERC, and DRR is supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 42 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 14 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR UNSP e0126004 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0126004 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CG1EB UT WOS:000353014700078 PM 25875218 ER PT J AU Ho, IT Kudritzki, RP Kewley, LJ Zahid, HJ Dopita, MA Bresolin, F Rupke, DSN AF Ho, I-Ting Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter Kewley, Lisa J. Zahid, H. Jabran Dopita, Michael A. Bresolin, Fabio Rupke, David S. N. TI Metallicity gradients in local field star-forming galaxies: insights on inflows, outflows, and the coevolution of gas, stars and metals SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: abundances; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: spiral ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; H-II REGIONS; POTSDAM MULTIAPERTURE SPECTROPHOTOMETER; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; GALACTIC CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; WARM IONIZED MEDIUM; SPIRAL GALAXIES; ABUNDANCE GRADIENTS AB We present metallicity gradients in 49 local field star-forming galaxies. We derive gas-phase oxygen abundances using two widely adopted metallicity calibrations based on the [O-III]/H beta, [N-II]/H alpha, and [N-II]/[O-II] line ratios. The two derived metallicity gradients are usually in good agreement within +/- 0.14 dexR(25)(-1) (R-25 is the B-band iso-photoal radius), but the metallicity gradients can differ significantly when the ionization parameters change systematically with radius. We investigate the metallicity gradients as a function of stellar mass (8 < log (M-*/M-circle dot) < 11) and absolute B-band luminosity (-16 > M-B > -22). When the metallicity gradients are expressed in dex kpc(-1), we show that galaxies with lower mass and luminosity, on average, have steeper metallicity gradients. When the metallicity gradients are expressed in dexR(25)(-1), we find no correlation between the metallicity gradients, and stellar mass and luminosity. We provide a local benchmark metallicity gradient of field star-forming galaxies useful for comparison with studies at high redshifts. We investigate the origin of the local benchmark gradient using simple chemical evolution models and observed gas and stellar surface density profiles in nearby field spiral galaxies. Our models suggest that the local benchmark gradient is a direct result of the coevolution of gas and stellar disc under virtually closed-box chemical evolution when the stellar-to-gas mass ratio becomes high (>> 0.3). These models imply low current mass accretion rates (less than or similar to 0.3 x SFR), and low-mass outflow rates (less than or similar to 3 x SFR) in local field star-forming galaxies. C1 [Ho, I-Ting; Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter; Kewley, Lisa J.; Bresolin, Fabio] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter] Univ Observ Munich, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Kewley, Lisa J.; Dopita, Michael A.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Zahid, H. Jabran] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dopita, Michael A.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. [Rupke, David S. N.] Rhodes Coll, Dept Phys, Memphis, TN 38112 USA. RP Ho, IT (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM itho@ifa.hawaii.edu RI Dopita, Michael/P-5413-2014 OI Dopita, Michael/0000-0003-0922-4986 FU Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP130103925]; King Abdulaziz University under HiCi programme; National Science Foundation [AST-1008798]; Time Assignment Committee at the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of the Australian National University FX We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments and suggestions. MAD and LJK acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council (ARC) through Discovery project DP130103925. MAD also acknowledges financial support from King Abdulaziz University under the HiCi programme. RPK and FB were supported by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-1008798. We thank support from the Time Assignment Committee at the Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of the Australian National University. NR 160 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 3 BP 2030 EP 2054 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv067 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0PQ UT WOS:000351507000005 ER PT J AU Liu, J Mohr, J Saro, A Aird, KA Ashby, MLN Bautz, M Bayliss, M Benson, BA Bleem, LE Bocquet, S Brodwin, M Carlstrom, JE Chang, CL Chiu, I Cho, HM Clocchiatti, A Crawford, TM Crites, AT de Haan, T Desai, S Dietrich, JP Dobbs, MA Foley, RJ Gangkofner, D George, EM Gladders, MD Gonzalez, AH Halverson, NW Hennig, C Hlavacek-Larrondo, J Holder, GP Holzapfel, WL Hrubes, JD Jones, C Keisler, R Lee, AT Leitch, EM Lueker, M Luong-Van, D McDonald, M McMahon, JJ Meyer, SS Mocanu, L Murray, SS Padin, S Pryke, C Reichardt, CL Rest, A Ruel, J Ruhl, JE Saliwanchik, BR Sayre, JT Schaffer, KK Shirokoff, E Spieler, HG Stalder, B Staniszewski, Z Stark, AA Story, K Suhada, R Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Vikhlinin, A Williamson, R Zahn, O Zenteno, A AF Liu, J. Mohr, J. Saro, A. Aird, K. A. Ashby, M. L. N. Bautz, M. Bayliss, M. Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Bocquet, S. Brodwin, M. Carlstrom, J. E. Chang, C. L. Chiu, I. Cho, H. M. Clocchiatti, A. Crawford, T. M. Crites, A. T. de Haan, T. Desai, S. Dietrich, J. P. Dobbs, M. A. Foley, R. J. Gangkofner, D. George, E. M. Gladders, M. D. Gonzalez, A. H. Halverson, N. W. Hennig, C. Hlavacek-Larrondo, J. Holder, G. P. Holzapfel, W. L. Hrubes, J. D. Jones, C. Keisler, R. Lee, A. T. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Luong-Van, D. McDonald, M. McMahon, J. J. Meyer, S. S. Mocanu, L. Murray, S. S. Padin, S. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C. L. Rest, A. Ruel, J. Ruhl, J. E. Saliwanchik, B. R. Sayre, J. T. Schaffer, K. K. Shirokoff, E. Spieler, H. G. Stalder, B. Staniszewski, Z. Stark, A. A. Story, K. Suhada, R. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. D. Vikhlinin, A. Williamson, R. Zahn, O. Zenteno, A. TI Analysis of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect mass-observable relations using South Pole Telescope observations of an X-ray selected sample of low-mass galaxy clusters and groups SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; cosmology: observations ID RADIO IMAGING SURVEY; 720 SQUARE DEGREES; SPT-SZ SURVEY; SCALING RELATIONS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS; PRECISION COSMOLOGY; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; OBSERVED GROWTH; HALO MASS; CATALOG AB We use microwave observations from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) to examine the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) signatures of a sample of 46 X-ray selected groups and clusters drawn from similar to 6 deg(2) of the XMM-Newton Blanco Cosmology Survey. These systems extend to redshift z = 1.02 and probe the SZE signal to the lowest X-ray luminosities (>= 10(42) erg s(-1)) yet; these sample characteristics make this analysis complementary to previous studies. We develop an analysis tool, using X-ray luminosity as a mass proxy, to extract selection-bias-corrected constraints on the SZE significance and Y-500 mass relations. The former is in good agreement with an extrapolation of the relation obtained from high-mass clusters. However, the latter, at low masses, while in good agreement with the extrapolation from the high-mass SPT clusters, is in tension at 2.8 sigma with the Planck constraints, indicating the low-mass systems exhibit lower SZE signatures in the SPT data. We also present an analysis of potential sources of contamination. For the radio galaxy point source population, we find 18 of our systems have 843 MHz Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey sources within 2 arcmin of the X-ray centre, and three of these are also detected at significance >4 by SPT. Of these three, two are associated with the group brightest cluster galaxies, and the third is likely an unassociated quasar candidate. We examine the impact of these point sources on our SZE scaling relation analyses and find no evidence of biases. We also examine the impact of dusty galaxies using constraints from the 220 GHz data. The stacked sample provides 2.8 sigma significant evidence of dusty galaxy flux, which would correspond to an average underestimate of the SPT Y-500 signal that is (17 +/- 9) per cent in this sample of low-mass systems. Finally, we explore the impact of future data from SPTpol and XMM-XXL, showing that it will lead to a factor of 4 to 5 tighter constraints on these SZE mass-observable relations. C1 [Liu, J.; Mohr, J.; Saro, A.; Bocquet, S.; Chiu, I.; Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Gangkofner, D.; Hennig, C.; Suhada, R.; Zenteno, A.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Liu, J.; Mohr, J.; Saro, A.; Bocquet, S.; Chiu, I.; Clocchiatti, A.; Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Gangkofner, D.; Hennig, C.; Rest, A.] Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Mohr, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Aird, K. A.; Hrubes, J. D.; Luong-Van, D.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ashby, M. L. N.; Bayliss, M.; Foley, R. J.; Jones, C.; Murray, S. S.; Stalder, B.; Stark, A. A.; Vikhlinin, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bautz, M.; McDonald, M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bayliss, M.; Ruel, J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Benson, B. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Gladders, M. D.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Padin, S.; Schaffer, K. K.; Story, K.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Gladders, M. D.; Leitch, E. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Padin, S.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Keisler, R.; Meyer, S. S.; Story, K.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Meyer, S. S.; Schaffer, K. K.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Cho, H. M.] NIST Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Clocchiatti, A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago, Chile. [Crites, A. T.; Lueker, M.; Padin, S.; Shirokoff, E.; Staniszewski, Z.; Williamson, R.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Holder, G. P.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Foley, R. J.; Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, R. J.; Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [George, E. M.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.; Lueker, M.; Reichardt, C. L.; Shirokoff, E.; Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Lee, A. T.; Spieler, H. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Sayre, J. T.; Staniszewski, Z.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Schaffer, K. K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Liberal Arts Dept, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zahn, O.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zenteno, A.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. EM jiayiliu@usm.uni-muenchen.de RI Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; OI Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; CRAWFORD, THOMAS/0000-0001-9000-5013; Dietrich, Jorg/0000-0002-8134-9591; Stern, Corvin/0000-0003-4406-6127; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU DFG [TR33]; Cluster of Excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe'; National Science Foundation [PLR-1248097]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-1125897]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF 947]; US Department of Energy; NSF [AST-1009012, DGE-1144152, AST-1009649, MRI-0723073]; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs programme; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research FX We acknowledge the support of the DFG through TR33 'The Dark Universe' and the Cluster of Excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe'. Some calculations have been carried out on the computing facilities of the Computational Center for Particle and Astrophysics (C2PAP). The South Pole Telescope is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-1125897 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF 947. This work is also supported by the US Department of Energy. Galaxy cluster research at Harvard is supported by NSF grants AST-1009012 and DGE-1144152. Galaxy cluster research at SAO is supported in part by NSF grants AST-1009649 and MRI-0723073. The McGill group acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canada Research Chairs programme, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 3 BP 2085 EP 2099 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv080 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0PQ UT WOS:000351507000009 ER PT J AU de Gasperin, F Ogrean, GA van Weeren, RJ Dawson, WA Bruggen, M Bonafede, A Simionescu, A AF de Gasperin, F. Ogrean, G. A. van Weeren, R. J. Dawson, W. A. Brueggen, M. Bonafede, A. Simionescu, A. TI Abell 1033: birth of a radio phoenix SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 1033; large-scale structure of Universe; radio continuum: general; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID GALAXY CLUSTER CATALOG; SHOCK-WAVES; SCALING RELATIONS; RICH CLUSTERS; DATA RELEASE; RELICS; ACCELERATION; REACCELERATION; ABUNDANCES; PARTICLES AB Extended steep-spectrum radio emission in a galaxy cluster is usually associated with a recent merger. However, given the complex scenario of galaxy cluster mergers, many of the discovered sources hardly fit into the strict boundaries of a precise taxonomy. This is especially true for radio phoenixes that do not have very well defined observational criteria. Radio phoenixes are aged radio galaxy lobes whose emission is reactivated by compression or other mechanisms. Here, we present the detection of a radio phoenix close to the moment of its formation. The source is located in Abell 1033, a peculiar galaxy cluster which underwent a recent merger. To support our claim, we present unpublished Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and Chandra observations together with archival data from the Very Large Array and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We discover the presence of two subclusters displaced along the N-S direction. The two subclusters probably underwent a recent merger which is the cause of a moderately perturbed X-ray brightness distribution. A steep-spectrum extended radio source very close to an active galactic nucleus (AGN) is proposed to be a newly born radio phoenix: the AGN lobes have been displaced/compressed by shocks formed during the merger event. This scenario explains the source location, morphology, spectral index, and brightness. Finally, we show evidence of a density discontinuity close to the radio phoenix and discuss the consequences of its presence. C1 [de Gasperin, F.; Ogrean, G. A.; Brueggen, M.; Bonafede, A.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Ogrean, G. A.; van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dawson, W. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Simionescu, A.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. RP de Gasperin, F (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. EM fdg@hs.uni-hamburg.de OI van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR 1254]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) by Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51345.001-A]; NASA [NAS5-26555, NAS8-03060]; NASA by Chandra X-ray Center [PF2-130104]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. DOE Office of Science FX AB and MB acknowledge support by the research group FOR 1254 funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: 'Magnetisation of interstellar and intergalactic media: the prospects of low-frequency radio observations'. GAO acknowledges support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through a Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51345.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. RJW is supported by NASA through the Einstein Postdoctoral grant number PF2-130104 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. Part of this work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.r Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. DOE Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 3 BP 2197 EP 2209 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv129 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0PQ UT WOS:000351507000016 ER PT J AU Valenti, S Sand, D Stritzinger, M Howell, DA Arcavi, I McCully, C Childress, MJ Hsiao, EY Contreras, C Morrell, N Phillips, MM Gromadzki, M Kirshner, RP Marion, GH AF Valenti, S. Sand, D. Stritzinger, M. Howell, D. A. Arcavi, I. McCully, C. Childress, M. J. Hsiao, E. Y. Contreras, C. Morrell, N. Phillips, M. M. Gromadzki, M. Kirshner, R. P. Marion, G. H. TI Supernova 2013by: a Type IIL supernova with a IIP-like light-curve drop SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual: SN 2013by ID PHOTOMETRY DATA RELEASE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; IA SUPERNOVAE; NEBULAR PHASE; P SUPERNOVAE; PROJECT; TELESCOPE; SAMPLE; PROGENITOR; SPECTRA AB We present multiband ultraviolet and optical light curves, as well as visual-wavelength and near-infrared spectroscopy of the Type II linear (IIL) supernova (SN) 2013by. We show that SN 2013by and other SNe IIL in the literature, after their linear decline phase that start after maximum, have a sharp light-curve decline similar to that seen in SNe IIP. This light-curve feature has rarely been observed in other SNe IIL due to their relative rarity and the intrinsic faintness of this particular phase of the light curve. We suggest that the presence of this drop could be used as a physical parameter to distinguish between subclasses of SNe II, rather than their light-curve decline rate shortly after peak. Close inspection of the spectra of SN 2013by indicate asymmetric line profiles and signatures of high-velocity hydrogen. Late (similar to 90 d after explosion) near-infrared spectra of SN 2013by exhibit oxygen lines, indicating significant mixing within the ejecta. From the late-time light curve, we estimate that 0.029 M-circle dot of Ni-56 was synthesized during the explosion. It is also shown that the V-band light-curve slope is responsible for part of the scatter in the luminosity (V magnitude 50 d after explosion) versus Ni-56 relation. Our observations of SN 2013by and other SNe IIL through the onset of the nebular phase indicate that their progenitors are similar to those of SNe IIP. C1 [Valenti, S.; Howell, D. A.; Arcavi, I.; McCully, C.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Valenti, S.; Howell, D. A.; McCully, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Sand, D.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Stritzinger, M.; Hsiao, E. Y.; Contreras, C.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Arcavi, I.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Childress, M. J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Childress, M. J.] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Hsiao, E. Y.; Contreras, C.; Morrell, N.; Phillips, M. M.] Las Campanas Observ, Carnegie Observ, Colina El Pino, Chile. [Gromadzki, M.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. [Gromadzki, M.] Univ Valparaiso, Inst Fis & Astron, Playa Ancha, Chile. [Kirshner, R. P.; Marion, G. H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Marion, G. H.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Valenti, S (reprint author), Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. EM svalenti@lcogt.net FU NSF [AST-0306969, AST-0908886, AST-0607438, AST-1008343]; Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation realized through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant; ESO; Government of Chile; Ministry for the Economy, Development and Tourisms Programa Inicativa Cientifica Milenio [IC 12009]; Fondecyt [1120601] FX This material is based upon work supported by NSF under grants AST-0306969, AST-0908886, AST-0607438 and AST-1008343. MDS and the CSP gratefully acknowledge generous support provided by the Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation realized through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant. MG acknowledges support from Joined Committee ESO and Government of Chile 2014 and the Ministry for the Economy, Development and Tourisms Programa Inicativa Cientifica Milenio through grant IC 12009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) and Fondecyt Regular no. 1120601. We are grateful to Rubina Kotak who provided us spectra of SN 2002hh. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 meter Magellan Telescopes located at LCO, Chile. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 3 BP 2608 EP 2616 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv208 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0PQ UT WOS:000351507000048 ER PT J AU Walker, MG Olszewski, EW Mateo, M AF Walker, Matthew G. Olszewski, Edward W. Mateo, Mario TI Bayesian analysis of resolved stellar spectra: application to MMT/Hectochelle observations of the Draco dwarf spheroidal SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; techniques: spectroscopic; galaxies: dwarf; galaxies: individual: Draco; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; Local Group ID METAL-POOR STARS; TO-LIGHT RATIOS; URSA-MINOR; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; SATELLITE GALAXIES; LOCAL GROUP; MILKY; SPECTROSCOPY; SEXTANS; MMT AB We introduce a Bayesian method for fitting faint, resolved stellar spectra in order to obtain simultaneous estimates of redshift and stellar-atmospheric parameters. We apply the method to thousands of spectra - covering 5160-5280 angstrom at resolution R similar to 20 000 - that we have acquired with the MMT/Hectochelle fibre spectrograph for red giant and horizontal branch candidates along the line of sight to the Milky Way's dwarf spheroidal satellite in Draco. The observed stars subtend an area of similar to 4 deg(2), extending similar to 3 times beyond Draco's nominal 'tidal' radius. For each spectrum, we tabulate the first four moments - central value, variance, skewness and kurtosis - of posterior probability distribution functions representing estimates of the following physical parameters: line-of-sight velocity (v(los)), effective temperature (T-eff), surface gravity (log g) and metallicity ([Fe/H]). After rejecting low-quality measurements, we retain a new sample consisting of 2813 independent observations of 1565 unique stars, including 1879 observations for 631 stars with (as many as 13) repeat observations. Parameter estimates have median random errors of sigma(vlos) = 0.88 km s(-1), sigma(Teff) = 162 K, sigma(log g) = 0.37 dex and sigma([Fe/H]) = 0.20 dex. Our estimates of physical parameters distinguish similar to 470 likely Draco members from interlopers in the Galactic foreground. C1 [Walker, Matthew G.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Walker, Matthew G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Olszewski, Edward W.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Mateo, Mario] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Walker, MG (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM mgwalker@andrew.cmu.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-1313045, AST-1412999, PHYS-1066293]; NSF [AST-0807498, AST-1313006, AST-0808043, AST-1312997] FX We acknowledge helpful discussions with Sergey Koposov, Alan McConnachie, Jorge Penarrubia, Nelson Caldwell, Evan Kirby and Alwin Mao. We further thank Evan Kirby for making available the velocities measured from Keck/DEIMOS spectra. We thank Andy Szentgyorgyi, Gabor Furesz and Dan Fabricant for building and maintaining Hectochelle. We thank the MMT and SAO staff, particularly Perry Berlind, Mike Calkins, Marc Lacasse, John McAfee, Ale Milone, Ricardo Ortiz, Dennis Smith, Bill Wyatt and all the observers who participated in the Hectochelle queue. Finally, we thank an anonymous referee for helpful suggestions. MGW is supported by National Science Foundation grants AST-1313045, AST-1412999 and in part by National Science Foundation Grant No. PHYS-1066293 and the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics, where portions of this work were completed. EO is supported by NSF grant AST-0807498 and AST-1313006. MM is supported by NSF grants AST-0808043 and AST-1312997.; Table 5 include g- and i-band magnitudes from the ninth data release of SDSS. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington and Yale University. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 3 BP 2717 EP 2732 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv099 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0PQ UT WOS:000351507000056 ER PT J AU Rose, M Elvis, M Tadhunter, CN AF Rose, Marvin Elvis, Martin Tadhunter, Clive N. TI Coronal-Line Forest AGN: the best view of the inner edge of the AGN torus? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; quasars: emission lines; quasars: general; galaxies: Seyfert ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; HIGH-IONIZATION LINES; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; STARBURST GALAXIES; TIDAL DISRUPTION; HOST GALAXIES AB We introduce Coronal-Line Forest active galactic nuclei (CLiF AGN), AGN which have a rich spectrum of forbidden high-ionization lines (FHILs, e.g. [Fe VII], [Fe X] and [Ne V]), as well as relatively strong narrow (similar to 300 km s(-1)) H alpha emission when compared to the other Balmer transition lines. We find that the kinematics of the CLiF emitting region are similar to those of the forbidden low-ionization emission-line (FLIL) region. We compare emission line strengths of both FHILs and FLILs to CLOUDY photoionization results and find that the CLiF emitting region has higher densities (10(4.5) < n(H) < 10(7.5) cm(-3)) when compared to the FLIL emitting region (10(3.0) < n(H) < 10(4.5) cm(-3)). We use the photoionization results to calculate the CLiF regions radial distances (0.04 < R-CLiF < 32.5 pc) and find that they are comparable to the dust grain sublimation distances (0.10 < R-SUB < 4.3 pc). As a result, we suggest that the inner torus wall is the most likely location of the CLiF region, and the unusual strength of the FHILs is due to a specific viewing angle giving a maximal view of the far wall of the torus without the continuum being revealed. C1 [Rose, Marvin; Elvis, Martin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tadhunter, Clive N.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. RP Rose, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mrose@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNX13AE88G]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Planetary Science Division of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science FX We gratefully acknowledge Eugene Avrett, Thaisa Storchi Bergmann and Hagai Netzer for their insightful discussions. This work was supported in part by NASA grant NNX13AE88G. We thank the referee for useful comments and suggestions which improved this work substantially. The authors acknowledge the data analysis facilities provided by the Starlink Project, which is run by CCLRC on behalf of PPARC. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This publication also makes use of data products from NEOWISE, which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the Planetary Science Division of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 11 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 3 BP 2900 EP 2920 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv113 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE0PQ UT WOS:000351507000069 ER PT J AU Ben-Ami, S Hachinger, S Gal-Yam, A Mazzali, PA Filippenko, AV Horesh, A Matheson, T Modjaz, M Sauer, DN Silverman, JM Smith, N Yaron, O AF Ben-Ami, Sagi Hachinger, Stephan Gal-Yam, Avishay Mazzali, Paolo A. Filippenko, Alexei V. Horesh, Assaf Matheson, Thomas Modjaz, Maryam Sauer, Daniel N. Silverman, Jeffrey M. Smith, Nathan Yaron, Ofer TI ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY OF TYPE IIB SUPERNOVAE: DIVERSITY AND THE IMPACT OF CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (Type IIb) ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; MASS-LOSS RATE; SN 1993J; SUPERGIANT PROGENITOR; LIGHT-CURVE; BINARY PROGENITOR; IA SUPERNOVAE; X-RAY; IB SUPERNOVAE; STELLAR WIND AB We present new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) multi-epoch ultraviolet (UV) spectra of the bright Type IIb SN 2013df, and undertake a comprehensive analysis of the set of four SNe IIb for which HST UV spectra are available (SN 1993J, SN 2001ig, SN 2011dh, and SN 2013df). We find strong diversity in both continuum levels and line features among these objects. We use radiative-transfer models that fit the optical part of the spectrum well, and find that in three of these four events we see a UV continuum flux excess, apparently unaffected by line absorption. We hypothesize that this emission originates above the photosphere, and is related to interaction with circumstellar material (CSM) located in close proximity to the SN progenitor. In contrast, the spectra of SN 2001ig are well fit by single-temperature models, display weak continuum and strong reverse-fluorescence features, and are similar to spectra of radioactive 56Ni-dominated SNe Ia. A comparison of the early shock-cooling components in the observed light curves with the UV continuum levels which we assume trace the strength of CSM interaction suggests that events with slower cooling have stronger CSM emission. The radio emission from events having a prominent UV excess is perhaps consistent with slower blast-wave velocities, as expected if the explosion shock was slowed down by the CSM that is also responsible for the strong UV, but this connection is currently speculative as it is based on only a few events. C1 [Ben-Ami, Sagi] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ben-Ami, Sagi; Gal-Yam, Avishay; Horesh, Assaf; Yaron, Ofer] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Hachinger, Stephan; Mazzali, Paolo A.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hachinger, Stephan] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Mazzali, Paolo A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Mazzali, Paolo A.] INAF Osservatorio Astronom, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Filippenko, Alexei V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Matheson, Thomas] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Modjaz, Maryam] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Sauer, Daniel N.] Stockholm Univ, Albanova Univ Ctr, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Silverman, Jeffrey M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Smith, Nathan] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Ben-Ami, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sbenami@cfa.harvard.edu RI Horesh, Assaf/O-9873-2016; OI Horesh, Assaf/0000-0002-5936-1156; Gal-Yam, Avishay/0000-0002-3653-5598; Sauer, Daniel/0000-0002-0317-5063 FU Minerva ARCHES award; NASA [PF0000, NAS8-03060]; Chandra X-ray Center; ISF; BSF; GIF; Minerva; FP7/ERC [307260]; Kimmel Investigator award; "Quantum-universe" I-core program of the planning and budgeting committee; Gary & Cynthia Bengier; Richard & Rhoda Goldman Fund; Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation; Christopher R. Redlich Fund; TABASGO Foundation; NSF [AST-1211916]; NASA/HST from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-13030]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA [NAS 05-26555]; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-1302771] FX S.B. acknowledges support for this work by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF0000 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. S.H. is supported by a Minerva ARCHES award. A.G. acknowledges support by grants from the ISF, BSF, GIF, Minerva, FP7/ERC grant # 307260, the "Quantum-universe" I-core program of the planning and budgeting committee and the ISF, and a Kimmel Investigator award. A.V.F. and his group at UC Berkeley have depended on generous financial assistance from Gary & Cynthia Bengier, the Richard & Rhoda Goldman Fund, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, the Christopher R. Redlich Fund, the TABASGO Foundation, NSF grant AST-1211916, and NASA/HST grant GO-13030 from the Space Telescope Science Institute (which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 05-26555). J.M.S is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1302771. NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR 40 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/40 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400040 ER PT J AU Imara, N AF Imara, N. TI RETHINKING A MYSTERIOUS MOLECULAR CLOUD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust; extinction; infrared: ISM; ISM: clouds; ISM: individual objects (G216-2.5 Rosette); radio lines: ISM ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; CO-TO-H-2 CONVERSION FACTOR; FAR-INFRARED LUMINOSITY; STAR-FORMATION RATES; COLUMN DENSITY; CLUSTER-FORMATION; MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; SPITZER SURVEY; IMAGING SURVEY; MILKY-WAY AB I present high-resolution column density maps of two molecular clouds (MCs) having strikingly different star formation rates. To better understand the unusual, massive G216-2.5, an MC with no massive star formation, the distribution of its molecular gas is compared to that of the Rosette MC. Far-infrared data from Herschel are used to derive N(H-2) maps of each cloud and are combined with ICO data to determine the CO-to-H-2 ratio, X-CO. In addition, the probability distribution functions (PDFs) and cumulative mass fractions of the clouds are compared. For G216-2.5, < N(H-2)> = 7.8 x 10(20) cm(-2) and < X-CO > = 2.2 x 10(20) cm(-2) (K km s(-1))(-1); for the Rosette, < N(H-2)> = 1.8 x 10(21) cm(-2) and < X-CO > = 2.8 x 10(20) cm(-2) (K km s(-1))(-1). The PDFs of both clouds are lognormal for extinctions below similar to 2 mag and both show departures from log-normality at high extinctions. Although it is the less-massive cloud, the Rosette has a higher fraction of its mass in the form of dense gas and contains 1389 M-circle dot of gas above the so-called extinction threshold for star formation, A(V) = 7.3 mag. The G216-2.5 cloud has 874 M-circle dot of dense gas above this threshold. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Imara, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nimara@cfa.harvard.edu FU Harvard-MIT FFL Postdoctoral Fellowship FX My work is supported by the Harvard-MIT FFL Postdoctoral Fellowship. I thank Sean Andrews, Charles Lada, and Tom Dame for their careful readings of earlier versions of this manuscript and for their helpful suggestions. Youngung Lee and Mark Heyer have my gratitude for providing the CO data sets. I also thank an anonymous referee for constructive comments that improved this paper. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR 38 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/38 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400038 ER PT J AU Krolewski, AG Eisenstein, DJ AF Krolewski, Alex G. Eisenstein, Daniel J. TI MEASURING THE LUMINOSITY AND VIRIAL BLACK HOLE MASS DEPENDENCE OF QUASAR-GALAXY CLUSTERING AT z similar to 0.8 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; large-scale structure of universe; quasars: general ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; QSO REDSHIFT SURVEY; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; DATA RELEASE; SDSS-III; HOST GALAXIES; CROSS-CORRELATION; OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION AB We study the dependence of quasar clustering on quasar luminosity and black hole mass by measuring the angular overdensity of photometrically selected galaxies imaged by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) about z similar to 0.8 quasars from SDSS. By measuring the quasar-galaxy cross-correlation function and using photometrically selected galaxies, we achieve a higher density of tracer objects and a more sensitive detection of clustering than measurements of the quasar autocorrelation function. We test models of quasar formation and evolution by measuring the luminosity dependence of clustering amplitude. We find a significant overdensity of WISE galaxies about z similar to 0.8 quasars at 0.2-6.4 h(-1) Mpc in projected comoving separation. We find no appreciable increase in clustering amplitude with quasar luminosity across a decade in luminosity, and a power-law fit between luminosity and clustering amplitude gives an exponent of -0.01 +/- 0.06 (1 sigma error). We also fail to find a significant relationship between clustering amplitude and black hole mass, although our dynamic range in true mass is suppressed due to the large uncertainties in virial black hole mass estimates. Our results indicate that a small range in host dark matter halo mass maps to a large range in quasar luminosity. C1 [Krolewski, Alex G.; Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Krolewski, AG (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM akrolewski@college.harvard.edu FU Harvard College Research Program; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; SDSS-III Collaboration; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX We thank Doug Finkbeiner, Yue Shen, Adam Myers, Martin White, and Lars Hernquist for helpful comments and suggestions. We also thank Aaron Bray and Mario Juric for assistance with the SDSS imaging mask and the selection queries for the WISE and SDSS galaxies, respectively. A.G.K. acknowledges support from the Harvard College Research Program.; This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 108 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/4 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400004 ER PT J AU Martinez-Sykora, J van der Voort, LR Carlsson, M De Pontieu, B Pereira, TMD Boerner, P Hurlburt, N Kleint, L Lemen, J Tarbell, TD Title, A Wuelser, JP Hansteen, VH Golub, L McKillop, S Reeves, KK Saar, S Testa, P Tian, H Jaeggli, S Kankelborg, C AF Martinez-Sykora, Juan van der Voort, Luc Rouppe Carlsson, Mats De Pontieu, Bart Pereira, Tiago M. D. Boerner, Paul Hurlburt, Neal Kleint, Lucia Lemen, James Tarbell, Ted D. Title, Alan Wuelser, Jean-Pierre Hansteen, Viggo H. Golub, Leon McKillop, Sean Reeves, Kathy K. Saar, Steven Testa, Paola Tian, Hui Jaeggli, Sarah Kankelborg, Charles TI INTERNETWORK CHROMOSPHERIC BRIGHT GRAINS OBSERVED WITH IRIS AND SST SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE line: profiles; Sun: atmosphere; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: oscillations; Sun: transition region waves ID NONMAGNETIC SOLAR CHROMOSPHERE; HIGH-RESOLUTION OBSERVATIONS; TRANSITION REGION; SUMER OBSERVATIONS; IMAGE-RESTORATION; FINE-STRUCTURE; K LINES; MG II; ATMOSPHERE; TELESCOPE AB The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) reveals small-scale rapid brightenings in the form of bright grains all over coronal holes and the quiet Sun. These bright grains are seen with the IRIS 1330, 1400, and 2796 angstrom slit-jaw filters. We combine coordinated observations with IRIS and from the ground with the Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope (SST) which allows us to have chromospheric (Ca II 8542 angstrom, Ca II H 3968 angstrom, Ha, and Mg II k 2796 angstrom) and transition region (C II 1334 angstrom, Si IV 1403 angstrom) spectral imaging, and single-wavelength Stokes maps in Fe I 6302 angstrom at high spatial (0.'' 33), temporal, and spectral resolution. We conclude that the IRIS slit-jaw grains are the counterpart of so-called acoustic grains, i.e., resulting from chromospheric acoustic waves in a nonmagnetic environment. We compare slit-jaw images (SJIs) with spectra from the IRIS spectrograph. We conclude that the grain intensity in the 2796 angstrom slit-jaw filter comes from both the Mg II k core and wings. The signal in the C II and Si IV lines is too weak to explain the presence of grains in the 1300 and 1400 angstrom SJIs and we conclude that the grain signal in these passbands comes mostly from the continuum. Although weak, the characteristic shock signatures of acoustic grains can often be detected in IRIS C II spectra. For some grains, a spectral signature can be found in IRIS Si IV. This suggests that upward propagating acoustic waves sometimes reach all the way up to the transition region. C1 [Martinez-Sykora, Juan; De Pontieu, Bart; Boerner, Paul; Hurlburt, Neal; Lemen, James; Tarbell, Ted D.; Title, Alan; Wuelser, Jean-Pierre; Hansteen, Viggo H.] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Martinez-Sykora, Juan] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Sonoma, CA USA. [van der Voort, Luc Rouppe; Carlsson, Mats; De Pontieu, Bart; Pereira, Tiago M. D.; Hansteen, Viggo H.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway. [Kleint, Lucia] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland. [Golub, Leon; McKillop, Sean; Reeves, Kathy K.; Saar, Steven; Testa, Paola; Tian, Hui] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jaeggli, Sarah; Kankelborg, Charles] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Martinez-Sykora, J (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM j.m.sykora@astro.uio.no OI De Pontieu, Bart/0000-0002-8370-952X; Rouppe van der Voort, Luc/0000-0003-2088-028X; Carlsson, Mats/0000-0001-9218-3139 FU NASA [NNM07AA01C, NNG09FA40C]; Research Council of Norway; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [291058] FX We gratefully acknowledge support by NASA grants NNX11AN98G and NNM12AB40P, and NASA contracts NNM07AA01C (Hinode) and NNG09FA40C (IRIS). This work has benefited from discussions at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) meeting on "Heating of the magnetized chromosphere" from 2014 February 24-28 where many aspects of this paper were discussed with other colleagues. To analyze the data, we have used IDL and the Solar SoftWare library (SSW). The Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope is operated by the Institute for Solar Physics of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. This research was supported by the Research Council of Norway and by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement No. 291058. Thanks are also due to Hakon Skogsrud, Eamon Scullion, and Ada Ortiz for performing the observations at the SST. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR UNSP 44 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/44 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400044 ER PT J AU Papovich, C Labbe, I Quadri, R Tilvi, V Behroozi, P Bell, EF Glazebrook, K Spitler, L Straatman, CMS Tran, KV Cowley, M Dave, R Dekel, A Dickinson, M Ferguson, HC Finkelstein, SL Gawiser, E Inami, H Faber, SM Kacprzak, GG Kawinwanichakij, L Kocevski, D Koekemoer, A Koo, DC Kurczynski, P Lotz, JM Lu, Y Lucas, RA McIntosh, D Mehrtens, N Mobasher, B Monson, A Morrison, G Nanayakkara, T Persson, SE Salmon, B Simons, R Tomczak, A van Dokkum, P Weiner, B Willner, SP AF Papovich, C. Labbe, I. Quadri, R. Tilvi, V. Behroozi, P. Bell, E. F. Glazebrook, K. Spitler, L. Straatman, C. M. S. Tran, K. -V. Cowley, M. Dave, R. Dekel, A. Dickinson, M. Ferguson, H. C. Finkelstein, S. L. Gawiser, E. Inami, H. Faber, S. M. Kacprzak, G. G. Kawinwanichakij, L. Kocevski, D. Koekemoer, A. Koo, D. C. Kurczynski, P. Lotz, J. M. Lu, Y. Lucas, R. A. McIntosh, D. Mehrtens, N. Mobasher, B. Monson, A. Morrison, G. Nanayakkara, T. Persson, S. E. Salmon, B. Simons, R. Tomczak, A. van Dokkum, P. Weiner, B. Willner, S. P. TI ZFOURGE/CANDELS: ON THE EVOLUTION OF M* GALAXY PROGENITORS FROM z=3 TO 0.5 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: structure ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO 2; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; STELLAR MASS FUNCTIONS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; ALPHA-EMITTING GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; ULTRA-DEEP FIELD AB Galaxies with stellar masses near M* contain the majority of stellar mass in the universe, and are therefore of special interest in the study of galaxy evolution. The Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31) have present-day stellar masses near M*, at 5 x 10(10) M-circle dot (defined here to be MW-mass) and 10(11) M-circle dot (defined to be M31-mass). We study the typical progenitors of these galaxies using the FOURSTAR Galaxy Evolution Survey (ZFOURGE). ZFOURGE is a deep medium-band near-IR imaging survey, which is sensitive to the progenitors of these galaxies out to z similar to 3. We use abundance-matching techniques to identify the main progenitors of these galaxies at higher redshifts. We measure the evolution in the stellar mass, rest-frame colors, morphologies, far-IR luminosities, and star formation rates, combining our deep multiwavelength imaging with near-IR Hubble Space Telescope imaging from Cosmic Near-IR Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS), and Spitzer and Herschel far-IR imaging from Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-Herschel and CANDELS-Herschel. The typical MW-mass and M31-mass progenitors passed through the same evolution stages, evolving from blue, star-forming disk galaxies at the earliest stages to redder dust-obscured IR-luminous galaxies in intermediate stages and to red, more quiescent galaxies at their latest stages. The progenitors of the MW-mass galaxies reached each evolutionary stage at later times (lower redshifts) and with stellar masses that are a factor of two to three lower than the progenitors of the M31-mass galaxies. The process driving this evolution, including the suppression of star formation in present-day M* galaxies, requires an evolving stellar-mass/halo-mass ratio and/or evolving halo-mass threshold for quiescent galaxies. The effective size and SFRs imply that the baryonic cold-gas fractions drop as galaxies evolve from high redshift to z similar to 0 and are strongly anticorrelated with an increase in the Sersic index. Therefore, the growth of galaxy bulges in M* galaxies corresponds to a rapid decline in the galaxy gas fractions and/or a decrease in the star formation efficiency. C1 [Papovich, C.; Quadri, R.; Tilvi, V.; Tran, K. -V.; Kawinwanichakij, L.; Mehrtens, N.; Salmon, B.; Tomczak, A.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Papovich, C.; Quadri, R.; Tilvi, V.; Tran, K. -V.; Kawinwanichakij, L.; Mehrtens, N.; Salmon, B.; Tomczak, A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Labbe, I.; Straatman, C. M. S.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Behroozi, P.; Ferguson, H. C.; Koekemoer, A.; Lotz, J. M.; Lucas, R. A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Bell, E. F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Glazebrook, K.; Kacprzak, G. G.; Nanayakkara, T.] Swinburne Univ, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Spitler, L.; Cowley, M.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Spitler, L.] Australian Astron Observ, Sydney, NSW 2113, Australia. [Dave, R.] Univ Western Cape, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Dave, R.] South African Astron Observ, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Dave, R.] African Inst Math Sci, ZA-7945 Cape Town, South Africa. [Dekel, A.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Dickinson, M.; Inami, H.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Finkelstein, S. L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gawiser, E.; Kurczynski, P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Faber, S. M.; Koo, D. C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Kocevski, D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Lu, Y.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [McIntosh, D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Mobasher, B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Morrison, G.; Persson, S. E.] Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Morrison, G.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Morrison, G.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Simons, R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [van Dokkum, P.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Weiner, B.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Willner, S. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Papovich, C (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM papovich@tamu.edu RI Glazebrook, Karl/N-3488-2015; OI Glazebrook, Karl/0000-0002-3254-9044; Nanayakkara, Themiya/0000-0003-2804-0648; Papovich, Casey/0000-0001-7503-8482; Cowley, Michael/0000-0002-4653-8637; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Bell, Eric/0000-0002-5564-9873 FU National Science Foundation [AST-1009707, AST-0808133]; ERC [HIGHZ 227749]; NL-NWO Spinoza; NASA [NAS5-26555]; HST program [NAS5-26555, GO-12060]; NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12060]; National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy of the Australian Federal Government; Texas AM University; George P. and Cynthia Woods Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy FX We thank our other colleagues in CANDELS and ZFOURGE for their work and collaboration. We thank B. Moster for valuable input, and we thank the referee for a thorough report that improved the quality and clarity of this paper. This work is supported by the National Science Foundation through grants AST-1009707 and AST-0808133. I.L. acknowledges support from ERC HIGHZ 227749 and NL-NWO Spinoza. This work is based on observations taken by the CANDELS Multi-Cycle Treasury Program with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work is supported in part by HST program number GO-12060. Support for Program number GO-12060 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. This work is based on observations made with the Herschel Space Observatory. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. Australian access to the Magellan Telescopes was supported through the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy of the Australian Federal Government. We acknowledge generous support from the Texas A&M University and the George P. and Cynthia Woods Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Alma J. Broy and James W. Broy of Baltimore, Maryland. NR 158 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR 26 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/26 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400026 ER PT J AU Plunkett, AL Arce, HG Corder, SA Dunham, MM Garay, G Mardones, D AF Plunkett, Adele L. Arce, Hector G. Corder, Stuartt A. Dunham, Michael M. Garay, Guido Mardones, Diego TI ASSESSING MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS AND TURBULENCE IN THE PROTOSTELLAR CLUSTER SERPENS SOUTH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (Serpens South); ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: molecules; stars: formation; stars: protostars; techniques: interferometric ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; GOULD BELT SURVEY; J CO OBSERVATIONS; STAR EC 95; AQUILA RIFT; DRIVEN TURBULENCE; NGC 1333; EMBEDDED CLUSTERS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; MASS PROTOSTARS AB Molecular outflows driven by protostellar cluster members likely impact their surroundings and contribute to turbulence, affecting subsequent star formation. The very young Serpens South cluster consists of a particularly high density and fraction of protostars, yielding a relevant case study for protostellar outflows and their impact on the cluster environment. We combined CO J = 1-0 observations of this region using the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy and the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimetrique 30 m single-dish telescope. The combined map allows us to probe CO outflows within the central, most active region at size scales of 0.01-0.8 pc. We account for effects of line opacity and excitation temperature variations by incorporating (CO)-C-12 and (CO)-C-13 data for the J = 1 - 0 and J = 3 - 2 transitions (using Atacama Pathfinder Experiment and Caltech Submillimeter Observatory observations for the higher CO transitions), and we calculate mass, momentum, and energy of the molecular outflows in this region. The outflow mass-loss rate, force, and luminosity, compared with diagnostics of turbulence and gravity, suggest that outflows drive a sufficient amount of energy to sustain turbulence, but not enough energy to substantially counter the gravitational potential energy and disrupt the clump. Further, we compare Serpens South with the slightly more evolved cluster NGC 1333, and we propose an empirical scenario for outflow-cluster interaction at different evolutionary stages. C1 [Plunkett, Adele L.; Arce, Hector G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Corder, Stuartt A.] Joint ALMA Observ, Santiago, Chile. [Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Garay, Guido; Mardones, Diego] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. RP Plunkett, AL (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Astron, POB 208101, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RI Mardones, Diego/I-5719-2016; Garay, Guido/H-8840-2013; OI Garay, Guido/0000-0003-1649-7958; Plunkett, Adele/0000-0002-9912-5705 FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1122492]; NSF [AST-0845619]; Submillimeter Array through an SMA postdoctoral fellowship; CONICYT [PFB-06]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Associates of the California Institute of Technology; University of Chicago; state of California; state of Illinois; state of Maryland; National Science Foundation [AST-0838261]; CARMA partner universities; INSU/CNRS (France); MPG (Germany); IGN (Spain) FX We thank the anonymous referee for providing careful comments to improve the quality of the paper. We would like to thank Manuel Fernandez-Lopez and Jenny Hatchell for specific details and discussion of this region. A.L.P. acknowledges the Yale Graduate Writing Center Peer Review Group for constructive comments about this manuscript throughout the writing process. A.L.P. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1122492, and previously by the US Student Program of Fulbright Chile. H.G.A. receives funding from the NSF under grant AST-0845619. M.M.D. acknowledges support from the Submillimeter Array through an SMA postdoctoral fellowship. D.M. and G.G. acknowledge support from CONICYT project PFB-06. This publication is based on data acquired with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA), IRAM 30 m telescope, Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX), and Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. The 30 m telescope, operated by the Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimtrique (IRAM), is funded by a partnership of INSU/CNRS (France), MPG (Germany), and IGN (Spain). APEX is a collaboration between the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie, the European Southern Observatory, and the Onsala Space Observatory. The CSO is operated by the California Institute of Technology under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-0838261). The research presented here made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration, 2013). Facilities: CARMA, IRAM, APEX, CSO. NR 70 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/22 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400022 ER PT J AU Slavin, JD Dwek, E Jones, AP AF Slavin, Jonathan D. Dwek, Eli Jones, Anthony P. TI DESTRUCTION OF INTERSTELLAR DUST IN EVOLVING SUPERNOVA REMNANT SHOCK WAVES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; ISM: supernova remnants; ISM: abundances; shock waves ID MILKY-WAY; HOT GAS; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; GRAIN DESTRUCTION; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; FILLING FACTOR; EVOLUTION; EMISSION; MODELS; EXTINCTION AB Supernova generated shock waves are responsible for most of the destruction of dust grains in the interstellar medium (ISM). Calculations of the dust destruction timescale have so far been carried out using plane parallel steady shocks, however, that approximation breaks down when the destruction timescale becomes longer than that for the evolution of the supernova remnant (SNR) shock. In this paper we present new calculations of grain destruction in evolving, radiative SNRs. To facilitate comparison with the previous study by Jones et al., we adopt the same dust properties as in that paper. We find that the efficiencies of grain destruction are most divergent from those for a steady shock when the thermal history of a shocked gas parcel in the SNR differs significantly from that behind a steady shock. This occurs in shocks with velocities greater than or similar to 200 km s(-1) for which the remnant is just beginning to go radiative. Assuming SNRs evolve in a warm phase dominated ISM, we find dust destruction timescales are increased by a factor of similar to 2 compared to those of Jones et al., who assumed a hot gas dominated ISM. Recent estimates of supernova rates and ISM mass lead to another factor of similar to 3 increase in the destruction timescales, resulting in a silicate grain destruction timescale of similar to 2-3 Gyr. These increases, while not able to resolve the problem of the discrepant timescales for silicate grain destruction and creation, are an important step toward understanding the origin and evolution of dust in the ISM. C1 [Slavin, Jonathan D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dwek, Eli] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observat Cosmol Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Jones, Anthony P.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IAS, UMR 8617, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Slavin, JD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jslavin@cfa.harvard.edu OI Slavin, Jonathan/0000-0002-7597-6935; Jones, Anthony/0000-0003-0577-6425 FU NASA Astrophysics Theory Program grant [NNX12AF84G]; NASA Astrophysical Data Analysis Program [ADAP13-0094] FX This research was supported by NASA Astrophysics Theory Program grant NNX12AF84G. ED acknowledges support by NASA Astrophysical Data Analysis Program ADAP13-0094. We thank John Raymond for providing the steady shock model calculations and our collaborator Xander Tielens for helpful discussions. We also wish to thank the developers of matplotlib, a python plotting library, which we used to produce all of the plots in this paper. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR 7 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/7 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1EI UT WOS:000353015400007 ER PT J AU Rapson, VA Kastner, JH Andrews, SM Hines, DC Macintosh, B Millar-Blanchaer, M Tamura, M AF Rapson, Valerie A. Kastner, Joel H. Andrews, Sean M. Hines, Dean C. Macintosh, Bruce Millar-Blanchaer, Max Tamura, Motohide TI SCATTERED LIGHT FROM DUST IN THE CAVITY OF THE V4046 Sgr TRANSITION DISK SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; polarization; stars: individual (V4046 Sgr); stars: pre-main sequence ID INDUCED GAP EDGES; TWIN YOUNG SUNS; PROTOPLANETARY DISK; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; POLARIZED-LIGHT; ACCRETION; PLANETS; EVOLUTION; POLARIMETRY; SAGITTARII AB report the presence of scattered light from dust grains located in the giant planet formation region of the circumbinary disk orbiting the 20 Myr old close (-0.045 AU separation) binary system V4046 Sgr AB based on observations with the new Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) instrument. These GPI images probe to within 7 AU of the central binary with a linear spatial resolution of 3 AU, and are therefore capable of revealing the dust disk structure within a region corresponding to the giant planets in our solar system. GPI imaging reveals a relatively narrow (FWHM 10 AU) ring of polarized near-infrared flux whose brightness peaks at 14 AU. This 14 AU radius ring is surrounded by a fainter outer halo of scattered light extending to 45 AU, which coincides with previously detected millimeter-wave thermal dust emission. The presence of small grains that efficiently scatter starlight well inside the millimeter-wavelength disk cavity supports current models of planet formation which suggest that planet disk interactions can generate pressure traps that impose strong radial variations in the particle size distribution throughout the disk. C1 [Rapson, Valerie A.; Kastner, Joel H.] Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Andrews, Sean M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hines, Dean C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Macintosh, Bruce] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Millar-Blanchaer, Max] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M55 3H4, Canada. [Tamura, Motohide] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. RP Rapson, VA (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Astron, 1 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM var5998@rit.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-1108950] FX This work is based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). Support is provided by the National Science Foundation grant AST-1108950 to R.I.T. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/803/1/L10 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF8NC UT WOS:000352817200010 ER PT J AU Zuluaga, JI Kipping, DM Sucerquia, M Alvarado, JA AF Zuluaga, Jorge I. Kipping, David M. Sucerquia, Mario Alvarado, Jaime A. TI A NOVEL METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING EXOPLANETARY RINGS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE methods: analytical; occultations; planets and satellites: rings; techniques: photometric ID SUN-LIKE STAR; PLANETARY CANDIDATES; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; DETECTABILITY; DISCOVERY; LINE AB The discovery of rings around extrasolar planets ("exorings") is one of the next breakthroughs in exoplanetary research. Previous studies have explored the feasibility of detecting exorings with present and future photometric sensitivities by seeking anomalous deviations in the residuals of a standard transit light curve fit, at the level of similar or equal to 100 ppm for Kronian rings. In this work, we explore two much larger observational consequences of exorings: (1) the significant increase in transit depth that may lead to the misclassification of ringed planetary candidates as false-positives and/or the underestimation of planetary density; and (2) the so-called "photo-ring" effect, a new asterodensity profiling effect, revealed by a comparison of the light curve derived stellar density to that measured with independent methods (e.g., asteroseismology). While these methods do not provide an unambiguous detection of exorings, we show that the large amplitude of these effects, combined with their relatively simple analytic description, makes them highly suited to large-scale surveys to identify candidate ringed planets worthy of more detailed investigation. Moreover, these methods lend themselves to ensemble analyses seeking to uncover evidence of a population of ringed planets. We describe the method in detail, develop the basic underlying formalism, and test it in the parameter space of rings and transit configuration. We discuss the prospects of using this method for the first systematic search of exoplanetary rings in the Kepler database and provide a basic computational code for implementing it. C1 [Zuluaga, Jorge I.; Kipping, David M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zuluaga, Jorge I.; Sucerquia, Mario; Alvarado, Jaime A.] Univ Antioquia, FACom Inst Fis FCEN, Medellin, Colombia. RP Zuluaga, JI (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU Vicerrectoria de Docencia de la Universidad de Antioquia, Estrategia de Sostenibilidad de la Universidad de Antioquia; Fulbright Commission, Colombia; Menzel fellowship; CODI/UdeA; Young Researchers program of the Vicerrectoria de Investigacion-UdeA FX J.I.Z. is supported by Vicerrectoria de Docencia de la Universidad de Antioquia, Estrategia de Sostenibilidad 2014-2015 de la Universidad de Antioquia and by the Fulbright Commission, Colombia. J.I.Z. thanks the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for its hospitality while this work was carried out. D.M.K. is supported by the Menzel fellowship. M.S. is supported by CODI/UdeA and J.A.A. by the Young Researchers program of the Vicerrectoria de Investigacion-UdeA. We thank our refere, Jason Barnes, for comments and useful suggestions. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 803 IS 1 AR L14 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/803/1/L14 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF8NC UT WOS:000352817200014 ER PT J AU Montes, C Cardona, A Jaramillo, C Pardo, A Silva, JC Valencia, V Ayala, C Perez-Angel, LC Rodriguez-Parra, LA Ramirez, V Nino, H AF Montes, C. Cardona, A. Jaramillo, C. Pardo, A. Silva, J. C. Valencia, V. Ayala, C. Perez-Angel, L. C. Rodriguez-Parra, L. A. Ramirez, V. Nino, H. TI Middle Miocene closure of the Central American Seaway SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NORTHWESTERN SOUTH-AMERICA; MAGDALENA VALLEY BASIN; PANAMA IMPLICATIONS; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; COLOMBIAN ANDES; HISTORY; ARC; GEOCHRONOLOGY; MAGMATISM; COLLISION AB Uranium-lead geochronology in detrital zircons and provenance analyses in eight boreholes and two surface stratigraphic sections in the northern Andes provide insight into the time of closure of the Central American Seaway. The timing of this closure has been correlated with Plio-Pleistocene global oceanographic, atmospheric, and biotic events. We found that a uniquely Panamanian Eocene detrital zircon fingerprint is pronounced in middle Miocene fluvial and shallow marine strata cropping out in the northern Andes but is absent in underlying lower Miocene and Oligocene strata. We contend that this fingerprint demonstrates a fluvial connection, and therefore the absence of an intervening seaway, between the Panama arc and South America in middle Miocene times; the Central American Seaway had vanished by that time. C1 [Montes, C.; Perez-Angel, L. C.; Rodriguez-Parra, L. A.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Cardona, A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Medellin, Colombia. [Jaramillo, C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Pardo, A.] Univ Caldas, Manizales, Colombia. [Silva, J. C.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Valencia, V.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ayala, C.] Corp Geol Ares, Bogota, Colombia. [Ramirez, V.; Nino, H.] Ecopetrol, Bogota, Colombia. RP Montes, C (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. EM cmontes@uniandes.edu.co OI Montes, Camilo/0000-0002-3553-0787 FU Ecopetrol-ICP "Cronologia de la Deformacion en las Cuencas Subandinas"; Smithsonian Institution, Uniandes [P12. 160422.002/001]; Autoridad del Canal de Panama (ACP); Mark Tupper Fellowship; Ricardo Perez S.A.; NSF [EAR 0824299, OISE, EAR, DRL 0966884]; National Geographic Society FX Supported by Ecopetrol-ICP "Cronologia de la Deformacion en las Cuencas Subandinas," Smithsonian Institution, Uniandes P12. 160422.002/001, Autoridad del Canal de Panama (ACP), the Mark Tupper Fellowship, Ricardo Perez S.A.; NSF grant EAR 0824299 and OISE, EAR, DRL 0966884, Colciencias, and the National Geographic Society. We thank N. Hoyos, D. Villagomez, A. O'Dea, C. Bustamante, O. Montenegro, and C. Ojeda. All the data reported in this manuscript are presented in the main paper and in the supplementary materials. NR 30 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 10 U2 60 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 10 PY 2015 VL 348 IS 6231 BP 226 EP 229 DI 10.1126/science.aaa2815 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF5RD UT WOS:000352613700043 PM 25859042 ER PT J AU van Breugel, P Kindt, R Lilleso, JPB van Breugel, M AF van Breugel, Paulo Kindt, Roeland Lilleso, Jens-Peter Barnekow van Breugel, Michiel TI Environmental Gap Analysis to Prioritize Conservation Efforts in Eastern Africa SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PROTECTED-AREA NETWORK; GLOBAL LAND-COVER; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY; METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; RESERVE SELECTION; ECOREGIONS; FOREST AB Countries in eastern Africa have set aside significant proportions of their land for protection. But are these areas representative of the diverse range of species and habitats found in the region? And do conservation efforts include areas where the state of biodiversity is likely to deteriorate without further interventions? Various studies have addressed these questions at global and continental scales. However, meaningful conservation decisions are required at finer geographical scales. To operate more effectively at the national level, finer scale baseline data on species and on higher levels of biological organization such as the eco-regions are required, among other factors. Here we adopted a recently developed high-resolution potential natural vegetation (PNV) map for eastern Africa as a baseline to more effectively identify conservation priorities. We examined how well different potential natural vegetations (PNVs) are represented in the protected area (PA) network of eastern Africa and used a multivariate environmental similarity index to evaluate biases in PA versus PNV coverage. We additionally overlaid data of anthropogenic factors that potentially influence the natural vegetation to assess the level of threat to different PNVs. Our results indicate substantial differences in the conservation status of PNVs. In addition, particular PNVs in which biodiversity protection and ecological functions are at risk due to human influences are revealed. The data and approach presented here provide a step forward in developing more transparent and better informed translation from global priorities to regional or national implementation in eastern Africa, and are valid for other geographic regions. C1 [van Breugel, Paulo; Lilleso, Jens-Peter Barnekow] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, Forest Nat & Biomass, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [van Breugel, Paulo; Kindt, Roeland] World Agroforestry Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [van Breugel, Michiel] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Yale NUS Coll, Singapore 138614, Singapore. [van Breugel, Michiel] Ciudad Panam, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama City, Panama. [van Breugel, Michiel] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117543, Singapore. RP van Breugel, P (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, Forest Nat & Biomass, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. EM p.vanbreugel@gmail.com RI Lilleso, Jens-Peter Barnekow/F-4455-2015; OI Lilleso, Jens-Peter Barnekow/0000-0003-1418-3496; van Breugel, Paulo/0000-0001-9579-0831; Kindt, Roeland/0000-0002-7672-0712 FU Consultative Research Committee for Development Research (FFU) [10-095-LIFE] FX The research presented was funded by a grant from the Consultative Research Committee for Development Research (FFU) under project 10-095-LIFE. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 130 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 9 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR e0121444 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0121444 PG 26 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF5HQ UT WOS:000352588500020 PM 25855968 ER PT J AU Oberg, KI Guzman, VV Furuya, K Qi, CH Aikawa, Y Andrews, SM Loomis, R Wilner, DJ AF Oeberg, Karin I. Guzman, Viviana V. Furuya, Kenji Qi, Chunhua Aikawa, Yuri Andrews, Sean M. Loomis, Ryan Wilner, David J. TI The comet-like composition of a protoplanetary disk as revealed by complex cyanides SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID T-TAURI STARS; CO SNOW LINE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SOLAR NEBULA; X-RAY; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; IMAGING SURVEY; AMINO-ACIDS; LOW-MASS AB Observations of comets and asteroids show that the solar nebula that spawned our planetary system was rich in water and organic molecules. Bombardment brought these organics to the young Earth's surface(1). Unlike asteroids, comets preserve a nearly pristine record of the solar nebula composition. The presence of cyanides in comets, including 0.01 per cent of methyl cyanide (CH3CN) with respect to water, is of special interest because of the importance of C-N bonds for abiotic amino acid synthesis(2). Comet-like compositions of simple and complex volatiles are found in protostars, and can readily be explained by a combination of gas-phase chemistry (to form, for example, HCN) and an active ice-phase chemistry on grain surfaces that advances complexity(3). Simple volatiles, including water and HCN, have been detected previously in solar nebula analogues, indicating that they survive disk formation or are re-formed in situ(4-7). It has hitherto been unclear whether the same holds for more complex organic molecules outside the solar nebula, given that recent observations show a marked change in the chemistry at the boundary between nascent envelopes and young disks due to accretion shocks(8). Here we report the detection of the complex cyanides CH3CN and HC3N (and HCN) in the protoplanetary disk around the young star MWC 480. We find that the abundance ratios of these nitrogen-bearing organics in the gas phase are similar to those in comets, which suggests an even higher relative abundance of complex cyanides in the disk ice. This implies that complex organics accompany simpler volatiles in protoplanetary disks, and that the rich organic chemistry of our solar nebula was not unique. C1 [Oeberg, Karin I.; Guzman, Viviana V.; Qi, Chunhua; Andrews, Sean M.; Loomis, Ryan; Wilner, David J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Furuya, Kenji] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 CA Leiden, Netherlands. [Aikawa, Yuri] Kobe Univ, Nada Ward, Kobe, Hyogo 6570013, Japan. RP Oberg, KI (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM koberg@cfa.harvard.edu RI guzman, viviana/C-6328-2015 OI guzman, viviana/0000-0003-4784-3040 FU Simons Collaboration on the Origins of Life (SCOL); Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; NASA Origins of Solar Systems [NNX11AK63] FX We acknowledge comments from E. van Dishoeck. This Letter makes use of ALMA data. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO,AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the NSF operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. K.I.O. acknowledges A. Leroy and the NAASC for assistance with calibration and imaging, and also acknowledges funding from the Simons Collaboration on the Origins of Life (SCOL), the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. D.J.W. acknowledges funding from NASA Origins of Solar Systems (grant no. NNX11AK63). NR 57 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 31 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD APR 9 PY 2015 VL 520 IS 7546 BP 198 EP U128 DI 10.1038/nature14276 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF3NA UT WOS:000352454600033 PM 25855455 ER PT J AU Lee, CJ Martin, RV Henze, DK Brauer, M Cohen, A van Donkelaar, A AF Lee, Colin J. Martin, Randall V. Henze, Daven K. Brauer, Michael Cohen, Aaron van Donkelaar, Aaron TI Response of Global Particulate-Matter-Related Mortality to Changes in Local Precursor Emissions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; OUTDOOR AIR-POLLUTION; HUMAN HEALTH-BENEFITS; UNITED-STATES; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; GEOS-CHEM; QUALITY; BURDEN; DISEASE; RISK AB Recent Global Burden of Disease (GBD) assessments estimated that outdoor fine-particulate matter (PM2.5) is a causal factor in over 5% of global premature deaths. PM2.5 is produced by a variety of direct and indirect, natural and anthropogenic processes that complicate PM2.5 management. This study develops a proof-of-concept method to quantify the effects on global premature mortality of changes to PM2.5 precursor emissions. Using the adjoint of the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model, we calculated sensitivities of global PM2.5-related premature mortality to emissions of precursor gases (SO2, NO, NH3) and carbonaceous aerosols. We used a satellite-derived ground-level PM2.5 data set at approximately 10 x 10 km(2) resolution to better align the exposure with population density. We used exposureresponse functions from the GBD project to relate mortality to exposure in the adjoint calculation. The response of global mortality to changes in local anthropogenic emissions varied spatially by several orders of magnitude. The largest reductions in mortality for a 1 kg kM(-2) yr(-1) decrease in emissions were for ammonia and carbonaceous aerosols in Eastern Europe. The greatest reductions in mortality for a 10% decrease in emissions were found for secondary inorganic sources in East Asia. In general, a 10% decrease in SO2 emissions was the most effective source to control, but regional exceptions were found. C1 [Lee, Colin J.; Martin, Randall V.; van Donkelaar, Aaron] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Henze, Daven K.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Brauer, Michael] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Cohen, Aaron] Hlth Effects Inst, Boston, MA 02110 USA. RP Lee, CJ (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM colin.lee@dal.ca RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NASA AQAST [NNX11AI54G] FX This work was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. D.H. was supported by NASA AQAST NNX11AI54G. We thank Richard T. Burnett from Health Canada for providing the relative risk data. We also thank Christopher J L Murray, Stephen Lim, Rafael Lozano, and Haidon Wang from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington for providing mortality rates. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 54 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 7 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 7 BP 4335 EP 4344 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b00873 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CF6HY UT WOS:000352659000040 PM 25730303 ER PT J AU Bagley, JC Alda, F Breitman, MF Bermingham, E van den Berghe, EP Johnson, JB AF Bagley, Justin C. Alda, Fernando Florencia Breitman, M. Bermingham, Eldredge van den Berghe, Eric P. Johnson, Jerald B. TI Assessing Species Boundaries Using Multilocus Species Delimitation in a Morphologically Conserved Group of Neotropical Freshwater Fishes, the Poecilia sphenops Species Complex (Poeciliidae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DNA TAXONOMY; HAPLOTYPE RECONSTRUCTION; INTEGRATIVE TAXONOMY; PISCES-POECILIIDAE; CRYPTIC DIVERSITY; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; CENTRAL-AMERICA; COALESCENT; PHYLOGENY; DIVERSIFICATION AB Accurately delimiting species is fundamentally important for understanding species diversity and distributions and devising effective strategies to conserve biodiversity. However, species delimitation is problematic in many taxa, including 'non-adaptive radiations' containing morphologically cryptic lineages. Fortunately, coalescent-based species delimitation methods hold promise for objectively estimating species limits in such radiations, using multilocus genetic data. Using coalescent-based approaches, we delimit species and infer evolutionary relationships in a morphologically conserved group of Central American freshwater fishes, the Poecilia sphenops species complex. Phylogenetic analyses of multiple genetic markers (sequences of two mitochondrial DNA genes and five nuclear loci) from 10/15 species and genetic lineages recognized in the group support the P. sphenops species complex as monophyletic with respect to outgroups, with eight mitochondrial 'major-lineages' diverged by >= 2% pairwise genetic distances. From general mixed Yule-coalescent models, we discovered (conservatively) 10 species within our concatenated mitochondrial DNA dataset, 9 of which were strongly supported by subsequent multilocus Bayesian species delimitation and species tree analyses. Results suggested species-level diversity is underestimated or overestimated by at least similar to 15% in different lineages in the complex. Nonparametric statistics and coalescent simulations indicate genealogical discordance among our gene tree results has mainly derived from interspecific hybridization in the nuclear genome. However, mitochondrial DNA show little evidence for introgression, and our species delimitation results appear robust to effects of this process. Overall, our findings support the utility of combining multiple lines of genetic evidence and broad phylogeographical sampling to discover and validate species using coalescent-based methods. Our study also highlights the importance of testing for hybridization versus incomplete lineage sorting, which aids inference of not only species limits but also evolutionary processes influencing genetic diversity. C1 [Bagley, Justin C.; Florencia Breitman, M.; Johnson, Jerald B.] Brigham Young Univ, Evolutionary Ecol Labs, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Alda, Fernando; Bermingham, Eldredge] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Florencia Breitman, M.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Nacl Patagon CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina. [van den Berghe, Eric P.] Zamorano Univ, Dept Ambiente & Desarrollo, Ctr Zamorano Biodiversidad, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Johnson, Jerald B.] Brigham Young Univ, Monte L Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Bagley, JC (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Evolutionary Ecol Labs, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM justin.bagley@byu.edu RI Breitman, Maria/I-8004-2014; Bagley, Justin/D-3982-2011; OI Breitman, Maria/0000-0001-6964-841X; Bagley, Justin/0000-0001-6737-8380 FU Brigham Young University (BYU) Mentoring Environment Grant; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant [DEB-1210883]; BYU Graduate Studies Graduate Research Fellowship; NSF PIRE Grant [OISE PIRE-0530267] FX This research was supported by a Brigham Young University (BYU) Mentoring Environment Grant to JBJ and a U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB-1210883) to JBJ and JCB. JCB received stipend support from a BYU Graduate Studies Graduate Research Fellowship award, and an NSF PIRE Grant (OISE PIRE-0530267). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 109 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 7 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR UNSP e0121139 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0121139 PG 30 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF3VU UT WOS:000352477800045 PM 25849959 ER PT J AU Melton, JT Leliaert, F Tronholm, A Lopez-Bautista, JM AF Melton, James T., III Leliaert, Frederik Tronholm, Ana Lopez-Bautista, Juan M. TI The Complete Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Genomes of the Green Macroalga Ulva sp UNA00071828 (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ALGA OLTMANNSIELLOPSIS-VIRIDIS; DNA-SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; EVOLUTIONARY TRENDS; PLASTID GENOMES; MIXED MODELS; DIVERSITY; REVEALS; TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE; REARRANGEMENTS AB Sequencing mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes has become an integral part in understanding the genomic machinery and the phylogenetic histories of green algae. Previously, only three chloroplast genomes (Oltmannsiellopsis viridis, Pseudendoclonium akinetum, and Bryopsis hypnoides) and two mitochondrial genomes (O. viridis and P. akinetum) from the class Ulvophyceae have been published. Here, we present the first chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes from the ecologically and economically important marine, green algal genus Ulva. The chloroplast genome of Ulva sp. was 99,983 bp in a circular-mapping molecule that lacked inverted repeats, and thus far, was the smallest ulvophycean plastid genome. This cpDNA was a highly compact, AT-rich genome that contained a total of 102 identified genes (71 protein-coding genes, 28 tRNA genes, and three ribosomal RNA genes). Additionally, five introns were annotated in four genes: atpA (1), petB (1), psbB (2), and rrl (1). The circular-mapping mitochondrial genome of Ulva sp. was 73,493 bp and follows the expanded pattern also seen in other ulvophyceans and trebouxiophyceans. The Ulva sp. mtDNA contained 29 protein-coding genes, 25 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes for a total of 56 identifiable genes. Ten introns were annotated in this mtDNA: cox1 (4), atp1 (1), nad3 (1), nad5 (1), and rrs (3). Double-cut-and-join (DCJ) values showed that organellar genomes across Chlorophyta are highly rearranged, in contrast to the highly conserved organellar genomes of the red algae (Rhodophyta). A phylogenomic investigation of 51 plastid protein-coding genes showed that Ulvophyceae is not monophyletic, and also placed Oltmannsiellopsis (Oltmannsiellopsidales) and Tetraselmis (Chlorodendrophyceae) closely to Ulva (Ulvales) and Pseudendoclonium (Ulothrichales). C1 [Melton, James T., III; Leliaert, Frederik; Tronholm, Ana; Lopez-Bautista, Juan M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Leliaert, Frederik] Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, Marine Biol Res Grp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Tronholm, Ana] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. RP Melton, JT (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM melto006@crimson.ua.edu RI Leliaert, Frederik/A-9162-2009 OI Leliaert, Frederik/0000-0002-4627-7318 FU National Science Foundation under the ATOL Program [DEB 1036495, 0937978]; College of Arts and Sciences (CARSCA Program); Office for Research (Research Stimulation Program); Department of Biological Sciences FX This study was funded by The National Science Foundation under the ATOL Program, through grants DEB 1036495 and 0937978 to JMLB. Additional support was provided by the College of Arts and Sciences (CARSCA Program) and the Office for Research (Research Stimulation Program) at UA to JMLB, and the Department of Biological Sciences (research and travel awards) to JTM. NR 67 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 7 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR UNSP e0121020 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0121020 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CF3VU UT WOS:000352477800041 PM 25849557 ER PT J AU Collins, M AF Collins, Martin TI Untitled SO HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Collins, Martin] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Collins, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM CollinsM@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0734-1512 EI 1477-2620 J9 HIST TECHNOL JI Hist. Technol. PD APR 3 PY 2015 VL 31 IS 2 BP 83 EP 83 DI 10.1080/07341512.2015.1126448 PG 1 WC History SC History GA DA1HF UT WOS:000367546200001 ER PT J AU Sonnert, G Sadler, PM Sadler, SM Bressoud, DM AF Sonnert, Gerhard Sadler, Philip M. Sadler, Samuel M. Bressoud, David M. TI The impact of instructor pedagogy on college calculus students' attitude toward mathematics SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL EDUCATION IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE college calculus; instructor pedagogy; mathematics attitudes ID HIGH-SCHOOL; CAREER; SCIENCE; CHOICE; GENDER; MODEL AB College calculus teaches students important mathematical concepts and skills. The course also has a substantial impact on students' attitude toward mathematics, affecting their career aspirations and desires to take more mathematics. This national US study of 3103 students at 123 colleges and universities tracks changes in students' attitudes toward mathematics during a 'mainstream' calculus course while controlling for student backgrounds. The attitude measure combines students' self-ratings of their mathematics confidence, interest in, and enjoyment of mathematics. Three major kinds of instructor pedagogy, identified through the factor analysis of 61 student-reported variables, are investigated for impact on student attitude as follows: (1) instructors who employ generally accepted 'good teaching' practices (e.g. clarity in presentation and answering questions, useful homework, fair exams, help outside of class) are found to have the most positive impact, particularly with students who began with a weaker initial attitude. (2) Use of educational 'technology' (e.g. graphing calculators, for demonstrations, in homework), on average, is found to have no impact on attitudes, except when used by graduate student instructors, which negatively affects students' attitudes towards mathematics. (3) 'Ambitious teaching' (e.g. group work, word problems, 'flipped' reading, student explanations of thinking) has a small negative impact on student attitudes, while being a relatively more constructive influence only on students who already enjoyed a positive attitude toward mathematics and in classrooms with a large number of students. This study provides support for efforts to improve calculus teaching through the training of faculty and graduate students to use traditional 'good teaching' practices through professional development workshops and courses. As currently implemented, technology and ambitious pedagogical practices, while no doubt effective in certain classrooms, do not appear to have a reliable, positive impact on student attitudes toward mathematics. C1 [Sonnert, Gerhard; Sadler, Philip M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sadler, Samuel M.] East End House, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA. [Bressoud, David M.] Macalester Coll, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. RP Sonnert, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM gsonnert@cfa.harvard.edu NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-739X EI 1464-5211 J9 INT J MATH EDUC SCI JI Int. J. Math. Educ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 3 PY 2015 VL 46 IS 3 BP 370 EP 387 DI 10.1080/0020739X.2014.979898 PG 18 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA CH8IX UT WOS:000354281100004 ER PT J AU Booth, D Rittenhouse, ST Yang, J Sadeghpour, HR Shaffer, JP AF Booth, D. Rittenhouse, S. T. Yang, J. Sadeghpour, H. R. Shaffer, J. P. TI Production of trilobite Rydberg molecule dimers with kilo-Debye permanent electric dipole moments SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS; STATES AB Permanent electric dipole moments are important for understanding symmetry breaking in molecular physics, control of chemical reactions, and realization of strongly correlated many-body quantum systems. However, large molecular permanent electric dipole moments are challenging to realize experimentally. We report the observation of ultralong-range Rydberg molecules with bond lengths of similar to 100 nanometers and kilo-Debye permanent electric dipole moments that form when an ultracold ground-state cesium (Cs) atom becomes bound within the electronic cloud of an extended Cs electronic orbit. The electronic character of this hybrid class of "trilobite" molecules is dominated by degenerate Rydberg manifolds, making them difficult to produce by conventional photoassociation. We used detailed coupled-channel calculations to reproduce their properties quantitatively. Our findings may lead to progress in ultracold chemistry and strongly correlated many-body physics. C1 [Booth, D.; Yang, J.; Shaffer, J. P.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Rittenhouse, S. T.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Sadeghpour, HR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM hrs@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF [PHY-1205392]; NSF grant through ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics FX Supported by NSF grant PHY-1205392 (D.B., J.Y., and J.P.S.) and by an NSF grant through ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (H.R.S.). S.T.R. thanks B. M. Peden and B. L. Johnson for insightful discussions. All data are available upon request. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 3 PY 2015 VL 348 IS 6230 BP 99 EP 102 DI 10.1126/science.1260722 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE8GJ UT WOS:000352079500034 PM 25838380 ER PT J AU Erwin, TL Micheli, C Chaboo, CS AF Erwin, Terry L. Micheli, Charyn Chaboo, Caroline S. TI Beetles (Coleoptera) of Peru: A Survey of the Families. Carabidae SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Erwin, Terry L.; Micheli, Charyn] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Chaboo, Caroline S.] Univ Kansas, Div Entomol, Nat Hist Museum, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA. [Chaboo, Caroline S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA. RP Chaboo, CS (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Div Entomol, Nat Hist Museum, 1501 Crestline Dr,Suite 140, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA. EM cschaboo@ku.edu FU NSF-EPSCoR [66928]; University of Kansas Ecology' Evolutionary Biology-General Research Fund FX We acknowledge NSF-EPSCoR #66928 (to Caroline S. Chaboo) for supporting the "Beetles of Peru" project and the University of Kansas Ecology' Evolutionary Biology-General Research Fund (to Chaboo) for funding this publication. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 EI 1937-2353 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 2015 VL 88 IS 2 BP 151 EP 162 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CX6MY UT WOS:000365816400005 ER PT J AU Aleksic, J Ansokli, S Antonelli, LA Antoranz, P Babic, A Bangale, P de Almeida, UB Barrio, JA Gonzalez, JB Bednarek, W Berger, K Bernardini, E Bilandli, A Bianch, O Bock, RK Bonnefoy, S Bonnoli, G Borracci, F Bretzi, T Carmona, E Carosi, A Fidalgo, DC Colin, P Colombo, E Contreras, JL Cortina, J Covino, S Da Vela, P Dazzi, F De Angelis, A De Caneva, G De Lotto, B Mendez, CD Doert, M Dominguez, A Prester, DD Dorner, D Doro, M Einecke, S Eisenacher, D Elsaesser, D Farina, E Ferenc, D Fonseca, MV Font, L Frantzen, K Fruck, C Lopez, RJG Garczarczyki, M Terrats, DG Gaug, M Giavitto, G Godinovic, N Munoz, AG Gozzini, SR Hadamek, A Hadasch, D Herrero, A Hildebrand, D Hose, J Hrupec, D Idec, W Kadenius, V Kellermann, H Knoetig, ML Krause, J Kushida, J La Barbera, A Lelas, D Lewandowska, N Lindfors, E Longo, F Lombardi, S Lopez, M Lopez-Coto, R Lopez-Oramas, A Lorenz, E Lozano, I Makariev, M Mallot, K Maneva, G Mankuzhiyil, N Mannheim, K Maraschi, L Marcote, B Mariotti, M Martinez, M Mazin, D Menzel, U Meucci, M Miranda, JM Mirzoyan, R Moralejo, A Munar-Adrover, P Nakajima, D Niedzwiecki, A Nilsson, K Nowak, N Orito, R Overkemping, A Paiano, S Palatiello, M Paneque, D Paoletti, R Paredes, JM Paredes-Fortuny, X Partini, S Persic, M Prada, F Moroni, PGP Prandini, E Preziuso, S Puljak, I Reinthal, R Rhode, W Ribo, M Rico, J Garcia, JR Rugamer, S Saggion, A Saito, K Salvati, M Satalecka, K Scalzotto, V Scapin, V Schuliz, C Schweizer, T Shore, SN Sillanpaa, A Sitarek, J Snidaric, I Sobczynska, D Spanier, F Stamatescu, V Stamerra, A Steinbring, T Storz, J Sun, S Suric, T Takalo, L Tavecchio, F Temnikov, P Terzic, T Tescaro, D Teshima, M Thaele, J Tibolla, O Torres, DF Toyama, T Treves, A Uellenbeck, M Vogler, P Wagner, RM Zandanel, F Zanin, R Archambault, S Behera, B Beilicke, M Benbow, W Bird, R Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Cerruti, M Chen, X Ciupik, L Collins-Hughes, E Cui, W Dumm, J Eisch, JD Falcone, A Federici, S Feng, Q Finley, JP Fleischhack, H Fortin, P Fortson, L Furniss, A Griffin, S Griffiths, ST Grube, J Gyuk, G Hanna, D Holder, J Hughes, G Humensky, TB Johnson, CA Kaaret, P Kertzman, M Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krawczynski, H Krennrich, F Kumar, S Lang, MJ Maier, G McArthur, S Meagher, K Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Ong, RA Otte, AN Park, N Pichel, A Pohl, M Popkow, A Prokoph, H Quinn, MJ Ragan, K Rajotte, J Reynolds, PT Richards, GT Roache, E Rovero, AC Sembroski, GH Shahinyan, K Staszak, D Telezhinsky, I Theiling, M Tucci, JV Tyler, J Varlotta, A Wakely, SP Weekes, TC Weinstein, A Welsing, R Wilhelm, A Williams, DA Zitzer, B Villata, M Raiteri, C Aller, HD Aller, MF Chen, WP Jordan, B Koptelova, E Kurtanidze, OM Lahteenmak, A McBreen, B Larionov, VM Lin, CS Nikolashvili, MG Angelakis, E Capalbi, M Carraminana, A Carrasco, L Cassaro, P Cesarini, A Fuhrmann, L Giroletti, M Hovatta, T Krichbaum, TP Krimm, HA Max-Moerbeck, W Moody, JW Maccaferri, G Mori, Y Nestoras, I Orlati, A Pace, C Pearson, R Perri, M Readhead, ACS Richards, JL Sadun, AC Sakamoto, T Tammi, J Tornikoski, M Yatsu, Y Zook, A AF Aleksic, J. Ansokli, S. Antonelli, L. A. Antoranz, P. Babic, A. Bangale, P. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J. A. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bednarek, W. Berger, K. Bernardini, E. Bilandli, A. Bianch, O. Bock, R. K. Bonnefoy, S. Bonnoli, G. Borracci, F. Bretz, T. Carmona, E. Carosi, A. Fidalgo, D. Carreto Colin, P. Colombo, E. Contreras, J. L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Caneva, G. De Lotto, B. Delgado Mendez, C. Doert, M. Dominguez, A. Prester, D. Dominis Dorner, D. Doro, M. Einecke, S. Eisenacher, D. Elsaesser, D. Farina, E. Ferenc, D. Fonseca, M. V. Font, L. Frantzen, K. Fruck, C. Garcia Lopez, R. J. Garczarczyki, M. Garrido Terrats, D. Gaug, M. Giavitto, G. Godinovic, N. Gonzalez Munoz, A. Gozzini, S. R. Hadamek, A. Hadasch, D. Herrero, A. Hildebrand, D. Hose, J. Hrupec, D. Idec, W. Kadenius, V. Kellermann, H. Knoetig, M. L. Krause, J. Kushida, J. La Barbera, A. Lelas, D. Lewandowska, N. Lindfors, E. Longo, F. Lombardi, S. Lopez, M. Lopez-Coto, R. Lopez-Oramas, A. Lorenz, E. Lozano, I. Makariev, M. Mallot, K. Maneva, G. Mankuzhiyil, N. Mannheim, K. Maraschi, L. Marcote, B. Mariotti, M. Martinez, M. Mazin, D. Menzel, U. Meucci, M. Miranda, J. M. Mirzoyan, R. Moralejo, A. Munar-Adrover, P. Nakajima, D. Niedzwiecki, A. Nilsson, K. Nowak, N. Orito, R. Overkemping, A. Paiano, S. Palatiello, M. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Paredes, J. M. Paredes-Fortuny, X. Partini, S. Persic, M. Prada, F. Moroni, P. G. Prada Prandini, E. Preziuso, S. Puljak, I. Reinthal, R. Rhode, W. Ribo, M. Rico, J. Garcia, J. Rodriguez Ruegamer, S. Saggion, A. Saito, K. Salvati, M. Satalecka, K. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, V. Schuliz, C. Schweizer, T. Shore, S. N. Sillanpaa, A. Sitarek, J. Snidaric, I. Sobczynska, D. Spanier, F. Stamatescu, V. Stamerra, A. Steinbring, T. Storz, J. Sun, S. Suric, T. Takalo, L. Tavecchio, F. Temnikov, P. Terzic, T. Tescaro, D. Teshima, M. Thaele, J. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Toyama, T. Treves, A. Uellenbeck, M. Vogler, P. Wagner, R. M. Zandanel, F. Zanin, R. Archambault, S. Behera, B. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Bird, R. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Ciupik, L. Collins-Hughes, E. Cui, W. Dumm, J. Eisch, J. D. Falcone, A. Federici, S. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Fleischhack, H. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Griffin, S. Griffiths, S. T. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Hughes, G. Humensky, T. B. Johnson, C. A. Kaaret, P. Kertzman, M. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krawczynski, H. Krennrich, F. Kumar, S. Lang, M. J. Maier, G. McArthur, S. Meagher, K. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Pichel, A. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Prokoph, H. Quinn, M. J. Ragan, K. Rajotte, J. Reynolds, P. T. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Rovero, A. C. Sembroski, G. H. Shahinyan, K. Staszak, D. Telezhinsky, I. Theiling, M. Tucci, J. V. Tyler, J. Varlotta, A. Wakely, S. P. Weekes, T. C. Weinstein, A. Welsing, R. Wilhelm, A. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. Villata, M. Raiteri, C. Aller, H. D. Aller, M. F. Chen, W. P. Jordan, B. Koptelova, E. Kurtanidze, O. M. Lahteenmak, A. McBreen, B. Larionov, V. M. Lin, C. S. Nikolashvili, M. G. Angelakis, E. Capalbi, M. Carraminana, A. Carrasco, L. Cassaro, P. Cesarini, A. Fuhrmann, L. Giroletti, M. Hovatta, T. Krichbaum, T. P. Krimm, H. A. Max-Moerbeck, W. Moody, J. W. Maccaferri, G. Mori, Y. Nestoras, I. Orlati, A. Pace, C. Pearson, R. Perri, M. Readhead, A. C. S. Richards, J. L. Sadun, A. C. Sakamoto, T. Tammi, J. Tornikoski, M. Yatsu, Y. Zook, A. CA MAGIC Collaboration VERITAS Collaboration MAGIC Collaboration TI The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 421: Variability and correlation studies SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 421 ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY VARIABILITY; LIGHT CURVES; OPTICAL VARIABILITY; POWER SPECTRA; TEV PHOTONS; EMISSION; BLAZARS; MARKARIAN-421; TELESCOPE AB Aims. We perform an extensive characterization of the broadband emission of Mrk 421, as well as its temporal evolution, during the non-flaring (low) state. The high brightness and nearby location (z = 0.031) of Mrk 421 make it an excellent laboratory to study blazar emission. The goal is to learn about the physical processes responsible for the typical emission of Mrk 421, which might also be extended to other blazars that are located farther away and hence are more difficult to study. Methods. We performed a 4.5-month multi-instrument campaign on Mrk 421 between January 2009 and June 2009, which included VLBA, F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, Swift, RXTE, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, and Whipple, among other instruments and collaborations. This extensive radio to very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray dataset provides excellent temporal and energy coverage, which allows detailed studies of the evolution of the broadband spectral energy distribution. Results. Mrk421 was found in its typical (non-flaring) activity state, with a VHE flux of about half that of the Crab Nebula, yet the light curves show significant variability at all wavelengths, the highest variability being in the X-rays. We determined the power spectral densities (PSD) at most wavelengths and found that all PSDs can be described by power-laws without a break, and with indices consistent with pink/red-noise behavior. We observed a harder-when-brighter behavior in the X-ray spectra and measured a positive correlation between VHE and X-ray fluxes with zero time lag. Such characteristics have been reported many times during flaring activity, but here they are reported for the first time in the non-flaring state. We also observed an overall anti-correlation between optical /UV and X-rays extending over the duration of the campaign. Conclusions. The harder-when-brighter behavior in the X-ray spectra and the measured positive X-ray/VHE correlation during the 2009 multiwavelength campaign suggests that the physical processes dominating the emission during non-flaring states have similarities with those occurring during flaring activity. In particular, this observation supports leptonic scenarios as being responsible for the emission of Mrk 421 during non-flaring activity. Such a temporally extended X-ray /VHE correlation is not driven by any single flaring event, and hence is difficult to explain within the standard hadronic scenarios. The highest variability is observed in the X-ray band, which, within the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton scenario, indicates that the electron energy distribution is most variable at the highest energies. C1 [Aleksic, J.; Bianch, O.; Cortina, J.; Giavitto, G.; Gonzalez Munoz, A.; Lopez-Coto, R.; Lopez-Oramas, A.; Martinez, M.; Moralejo, A.; Rico, J.; Sitarek, J.; Stamatescu, V.] IFAE, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Ansokli, S.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; Longo, F.; Mankuzhiyil, N.; Palatiello, M.; Persic, M.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Ansokli, S.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; Longo, F.; Mankuzhiyil, N.; Palatiello, M.; Persic, M.] INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Antonelli, L. A.; Bonnoli, G.; Carosi, A.; Covino, S.; La Barbera, A.; Lombardi, S.; Maraschi, L.; Salvati, M.; Stamerra, A.; Tavecchio, F.; Perri, M.] INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy. [Antoranz, P.; Da Vela, P.; Meucci, M.; Miranda, J. M.; Paoletti, R.; Partini, S.; Preziuso, S.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Antoranz, P.; Da Vela, P.; Meucci, M.; Miranda, J. M.; Paoletti, R.; Partini, S.; Preziuso, S.] INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Babic, A.; Prester, D. Dominis; Ferenc, D.; Godinovic, N.; Hrupec, D.; Lelas, D.; Puljak, I.; Snidaric, I.; Suric, T.; Terzic, T.] Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Croatian MAG Consortium, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Bangale, P.; de Almeida, U. Barres; Bock, R. K.; Borracci, F.; Colin, P.; Fruck, C.; Hose, J.; Kellermann, H.; Krause, J.; Lorenz, E.; Mazin, D.; Menzel, U.; Mirzoyan, R.; Nowak, N.; Paneque, D.; Garcia, J. Rodriguez; Schweizer, T.; Sun, S.; Teshima, M.; Toyama, T.; Wagner, R. M.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Barrio, J. A.; Bonnefoy, S.; Contreras, J. L.; Fonseca, M. V.; Lopez, M.; Lozano, I.; Satalecka, K.; Scapin, V.] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Berger, K.; Colombo, E.; Garcia Lopez, R. J.; Herrero, A.; Tescaro, D.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38200, Spain. [Bednarek, W.; Idec, W.; Niedzwiecki, A.; Sobczynska, D.] Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland. [Bernardini, E.; De Caneva, G.; Garczarczyki, M.; Gozzini, S. R.; Mallot, K.; Behera, B.; Fleischhack, H.; Hughes, G.; Maier, G.; Prokoph, H.; Welsing, R.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Bilandli, A.; Hildebrand, D.; Knoetig, M. L.; Vogler, P.] ETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bretz, T.; Fidalgo, D. Carreto; Dorner, D.; Eisenacher, D.; Elsaesser, D.; Lewandowska, N.; Mannheim, K.; Ruegamer, S.; Spanier, F.; Steinbring, T.; Storz, J.; Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Carmona, E.; Delgado Mendez, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Doert, M.; Einecke, S.; Frantzen, K.; Hadamek, A.; Overkemping, A.; Rhode, W.; Thaele, J.; Uellenbeck, M.] Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Dominguez, A.; Prada, F.; Zandanel, F.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Granada 18080, Spain. [Doro, M.; Mariotti, M.; Paiano, S.; Prandini, E.; Saggion, A.; Scalzotto, V.; Schuliz, C.] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Doro, M.; Mariotti, M.; Paiano, S.; Prandini, E.; Saggion, A.; Scalzotto, V.; Schuliz, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Farina, E.; Treves, A.] Univ Insubria, I-22100 Como, Como, Italy. [Font, L.; Garrido Terrats, D.; Gaug, M.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, Unitat Fis Radiac, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Font, L.; Garrido Terrats, D.; Gaug, M.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Kadenius, V.; Lindfors, E.; Nilsson, K.; Reinthal, R.; Sillanpaa, A.; Takalo, L.] Univ Oulu, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAG Consortium, Oulu 900147, Finland. [Kadenius, V.; Lindfors, E.; Nilsson, K.; Reinthal, R.; Sillanpaa, A.; Takalo, L.] Univ Oulu, Dept Phys, Oulu 900147, Finland. [Kushida, J.; Nakajima, D.; Orito, R.; Saito, K.] Kyoto Univ, Div Phys & Astron, Japanese MAG Consortium, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Temnikov, P.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Marcote, B.; Munar-Adrover, P.; Paredes, J. M.; Paredes-Fortuny, X.; Ribo, M.; Zanin, R.] Univ Barcelona ICC IEEC, Barcelona 08028, Spain. [Moroni, P. G. Prada; Shore, S. N.] Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Moroni, P. G. Prada; Shore, S. N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Archambault, S.; Griffin, S.; Hanna, D.; Ragan, K.; Rajotte, J.; Staszak, D.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Telezhinsky, I.; Wilhelm, A.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Krawczynski, H.; Tyler, J.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Roache, E.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Bird, R.; Collins-Hughes, E.; Khassen, Y.; Quinn, M. J.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Wilhelm, A.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Cui, W.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Sembroski, G. H.; Theiling, M.; Tucci, J. V.; Varlotta, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dumm, J.; Fortson, L.; Shahinyan, K.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Eisch, J. D.; Krennrich, F.; Weinstein, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. 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G.] Abastumani Observ, GE-0301 Mt Kanobili, Abastumani, Rep of Georgia. [Kurtanidze, O. M.] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Lahteenmak, A.; Hovatta, T.; Tammi, J.; Tornikoski, M.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Kylmala 02540, Finland. [Lahteenmak, A.; Tammi, J.] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland. [McBreen, B.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Larionov, V. M.] Isaac Newton Inst Chile, St Petersburg Branch, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Larionov, V. M.] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Larionov, V. M.] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Angelakis, E.; Fuhrmann, L.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Nestoras, I.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Carraminana, A.; Carrasco, L.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla 72840, Mexico. [Cassaro, P.] INAF Ist Radioastron, Sez Noto, I-96017 Noto, SR, Italy. [Cesarini, A.] Univ Trento, Dept Phys, I-38050 Povo, Trento, Italy. [Hovatta, T.; Max-Moerbeck, W.; Readhead, A. C. S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Krimm, H. A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Krimm, H. A.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Krimm, H. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Pace, C.] Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Moody, J. W.; Pearson, R.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Maccaferri, G.; Orlati, A.] INAF Ist Radioastron, Stn Radioastron Med, I-40059 Bologna, Italy. [Mori, Y.; Yatsu, Y.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Capalbi, M.; Perri, M.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Richards, J. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sadun, A. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Denver, CO 80220 USA. [Sakamoto, T.] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Coll Sci & Engn 952, Dept Math & Phys, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Zook, A.] Pomona Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Giroletti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Prada, F.] UAM, CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, Madrid, Spain. RP Nowak, N (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. EM nina.nowak@astro.su.se; dpaneque@mppmu.mpg.de RI Fonseca Gonzalez, Maria Victoria/I-2004-2015; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Martinez Rodriguez, Manel/C-2539-2017; Cortina, Juan/C-2783-2017; Khassen, Yerbol/I-3806-2015; Lopez Moya, Marcos/L-2304-2014; Temnikov, Petar/L-6999-2016; Maneva, Galina/L-7120-2016; Makariev, Martin/M-2122-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Delgado, Carlos/K-7587-2014; Larionov, Valeri/H-1349-2013; GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014; Miranda, Jose Miguel/F-2913-2013; Stamatescu, Victor/C-9945-2016; Tammi, Joni/G-2959-2012; Font, Lluis/L-4197-2014; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014 OI Becerra Gonzalez, Josefa/0000-0002-6729-9022; Covino, Stefano/0000-0001-9078-5507; Bonnoli, Giacomo/0000-0003-2464-9077; Antonelli, Lucio Angelo/0000-0002-5037-9034; Stamerra, Antonio/0000-0002-9430-5264; Prandini, Elisa/0000-0003-4502-9053; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; Fonseca Gonzalez, Maria Victoria/0000-0003-2235-0725; De Lotto, Barbara/0000-0003-3624-4480; Perri, Matteo/0000-0003-3613-4409; Raiteri, Claudia Maria/0000-0003-1784-2784; Otte, Adam Nepomuk/0000-0002-5955-6383; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Bird, Ralph/0000-0002-4596-8563; Angelakis, Emmanouil/0000-0001-7327-5441; Doro, Michele/0000-0001-9104-3214; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Cortina, Juan/0000-0003-4576-0452; Orlati, Andrea/0000-0001-8737-255X; Dominguez, Alberto/0000-0002-3433-4610; Farina, Emanuele Paolo/0000-0002-6822-2254; Villata, Massimo/0000-0003-1743-6946; Cassaro, Pietro/0000-0001-5139-9662; Prada Moroni, Pier Giorgio/0000-0001-9712-9916; LA BARBERA, ANTONINO/0000-0002-5880-8913; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Khassen, Yerbol/0000-0002-7296-3100; Lopez Moya, Marcos/0000-0002-8791-7908; Temnikov, Petar/0000-0002-9559-3384; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Delgado, Carlos/0000-0002-7014-4101; Larionov, Valeri/0000-0002-4640-4356; GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877; Miranda, Jose Miguel/0000-0002-1472-9690; Stamatescu, Victor/0000-0001-9030-7513; Tammi, Joni/0000-0002-9164-2695; Font, Lluis/0000-0003-2109-5961; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394 FU German BMBF and MPG; Italian INFN and INAF; Swiss National Fund SNF; ERDF under the Spanish MINECO; Japanese JSPS; MEXT; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; CPAN [CSD2007-00042]; Spanish Consolider-Ingenio [CSD2009-00064]; Academy of Finland [268740, 212656, 210338, 121148]; Croatian Science Foundation [09/176]; University of Rijeka [13.12.1.3.02]; DFG Collaborative Research Centers [SFB823/C4, SFB876/C3]; Polish MNiSzW [745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0]; US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland; STCF in the UK; NASA [NNX08AW31G, NNX11A043G]; NSF [AST-0808050, AST-1109911]; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation [FR/577/6-320/13]; Russian RFBR foundation [09-02-00092] FX We would like to thank the referee for the useful comments that helped to improve the manuscript. We also thank Patricia Arevalo for helpful contributions and suggestions. The MAGIC collaboration would like to thank the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias for the excellent working conditions at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma. The financial support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN and INAF, the Swiss National Fund SNF, the ERDF under the Spanish MINECO, and the Japanese JSPS and MEXT is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234, CPAN CSD2007-00042, and MultiDark CSD2009-00064 projects of the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 programme, by grant 268740 of the Academy of Finland, by the Croatian Science Foundation (HrZZ) Project 09/176 and the University of Rijeka Project 13.12.1.3.02, by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, and by the Polish MNiSzW grant 745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0. The VERITAS collaboration acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy, the US National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland, and by STCF in the UK. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support at the FLWO and the collaboration institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. The Fermi-LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift and RXTE data archives. The OVRO 40 m monitoring program is supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AW31G and NNX11A043G, and NSF grants AST-0808050 and AST-1109911. The Metsahovi team acknowledges the support from the Academy of Finland to our observing projects (numbers 212656, 210338, 121148, and others). The Abastumani Observatory team acknowledges financial support by the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation through project FR/577/6-320/13. The St. Petersburg University team acknowledges support from the Russian RFBR foundation via grant 09-02-00092. AZT-24 observations are made within an agreement between Pulkovo, Rome and Teramo observatories. This research is partly based on observations with the 100 m telescope of the MPIfR (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Radioastronomie) at Effelsberg, as well as with the Medicina and Noto telescopes operated by INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia. M. Villata organized the optical-to-radio observations by GASP-WEBT as the president of the collaboration. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 27 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A126 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424216 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600061 ER PT J AU Finoguenov, A Tanaka, M Cooper, M Allevato, V Cappelluti, N Choi, A Heymans, C Bauer, FE Ziparo, F Ranalli, P Silverman, J Brandt, WN Xue, YQ Mulchaey, J Howes, L Schmid, C Wilman, D Comastri, A Hasinger, G Mainieri, V Luo, B Tozzi, P Rosati, P Capak, P Popesso, P AF Finoguenov, A. Tanaka, M. Cooper, M. Allevato, V. Cappelluti, N. Choi, A. Heymans, C. Bauer, F. E. Ziparo, F. Ranalli, P. Silverman, J. Brandt, W. N. Xue, Y. Q. Mulchaey, J. Howes, L. Schmid, C. Wilman, D. Comastri, A. Hasinger, G. Mainieri, V. Luo, B. Tozzi, P. Rosati, P. Capak, P. Popesso, P. TI Ultra-deep catalog of X-ray groups in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: weak; X-rays: galaxies: clusters; large-scale structure of Universe ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; WEAK-LENSING OBSERVATIONS; STAR-FORMATION ACTIVITY; MS SOURCE CATALOGS; DARK-MATTER HALOS; XMM-LSS SURVEY; GALAXY CLUSTER; NUMBER COUNTS; COSMOS SURVEY; STARBURST GALAXIES AB Aims. We present the detection, identification and calibration of extended sources in the deepest X-ray dataset to date, the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDF-S). Methods. Ultra-deep observations of ECDF-S with Chandra and XMM-Newton enable a search for extended X-ray emission down to an unprecedented flux of 2 x 10(-16) ergs s(-1) cm(-2). By using simulations and comparing them with the Chandra and XMM data, we show that it is feasible to probe extended sources of this flux level, which is 10 000 times fainter than the first X-ray group catalogs of the ROSAT all sky survey. Extensive spectroscopic surveys at the VLT and Magellan have been completed, providing spectroscopic identification of galaxy groups to high redshifts. Furthermore, available HST imaging enables a weak-lensing calibration of the group masses. Results. We present the search for the extended emission on spatial scales of 32 '' in both Chandra and XMM data, covering 0.3 square degrees and model the extended emission on scales of arcminutes. We present a catalog of 46 spectroscopically identified groups, reaching a redshift of 1.6. We show that the statistical properties of ECDF-S, such as log N-log S and X-ray luminosity function are broadly consistent with LCDM, with the exception that dn/dz/d Omega test reveals that a redshift range of 0.2 < z < 0.5 in ECDF-S is sparsely populated. The lack of nearby structure, however, makes studies of high-redshift groups particularly easier both in X-rays and lensing, due to a lower level of clustered foreground. We present one and two point statistics of the galaxy groups as well as weak-lensing analysis to show that the detected low-luminosity systems are indeed low-mass systems. We verify the applicability of the scaling relations between the X-ray luminosity and the total mass of the group, derived for the COSMOS survey to lower masses and higher redshifts probed by ECDF-S by means of stacked weak lensing and clustering analysis, constraining any possible departures to be within 30% in mass. Conclusions. Ultra-deep X-ray surveys uniquely probe the low-mass galaxy groups across a broad range of redshifts. These groups constitute the most common environment for galaxy evolution. Together with the exquisite data set available in the best studied part of the Universe, the ECDF-S group catalog presented here has an exceptional legacy value. C1 [Finoguenov, A.; Allevato, V.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki 00014, Finland. [Finoguenov, A.; Cappelluti, N.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Tanaka, M.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Cooper, M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Galaxy Evolut, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Cappelluti, N.; Comastri, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Choi, A.; Heymans, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Bauer, F. E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, F. E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Ziparo, F.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Ranalli, P.] Natl Observ Athens, IAASARS, Penteli 15236, Greece. [Silverman, J.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Xue, Y. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Ctr Astrophys, Dept Astron,Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Mulchaey, J.] Observ Carnegie Inst, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Howes, L.; Wilman, D.; Popesso, P.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Schmid, C.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Karl Remeis Observ, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Schmid, C.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Hasinger, G.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Mainieri, V.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Luo, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tozzi, P.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Rosati, P.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy. [Capak, P.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Howes, L.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Wilman, D.] Univ Sternwarte, D-81679 Munich, Germany. RP Finoguenov, A (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2a, Helsinki 00014, Finland. EM alexis.finoguenov@helsinki.fi RI Brandt, William/N-2844-2015; Comastri, Andrea/O-9543-2015; Ranalli, Piero/K-6363-2013; OI Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453; Comastri, Andrea/0000-0003-3451-9970; Ranalli, Piero/0000-0003-3956-755X; Howes, Louise/0000-0003-0117-0231; Wilman, David/0000-0002-1822-4462; Tozzi, Paolo/0000-0003-3096-9966 FU SAO grant [SP1-12006B]; Chandra grant [SP1-12007A, SP1-12006A]; NASA ADP grant [NNX10AC99G]; Finnish Academy award [266918]; KAKENHI [23740144]; Greek General Secretariat of Research and Technology; European Research Council under the EC FP7 grant [240185]; DLR [50QR1103, 50QR0803]; Thousand Young Talents program [KJ2030220004]; 973 Program [2015CB857004]; USTC startup funding [ZC9850290195]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC-11473026, 11421303]; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Basal-CATA [PFB-06/2007]; CONICYT-Chile [FONDECYT 1141218, ALMA-CONICYT 31100004, Gemini-CONICYT 32120003, "EMBIGGEN" Anillo ACT1101]; "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo [IC120009] FX This work has been partially supported through a SAO grant SP1-12006B to UMBC. W.N.B. thanks Chandra grant SP1-12007A and NASA ADP grant NNX10AC99G. A.F. and V.A. wish to acknowledge Finnish Academy award, decision 266918. M.T. acknowledges support by KAKENHI No. 23740144. P.R. acknowledges a grant from the Greek General Secretariat of Research and Technology in the framework of the programme Support of Postdoctoral Researchers. A.C. and C.H. acknowledge support from the European Research Council under the EC FP7 grant number 240185. J.S.M. acknowledges partial support from Chandra grant SP1-12006A. C.S. acknowledges support by DLR grants 50QR1103 and 50QR0803. Y.Q.X. acknowledges support of the Thousand Young Talents program (KJ2030220004), the 973 Program (2015CB857004), the USTC startup funding (ZC9850290195), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-11473026, 11421303), and the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB09000000). F.E.B. acknowledges support from Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007, CONICYT-Chile (FONDECYT 1141218, ALMA-CONICYT 31100004, Gemini-CONICYT 32120003, "EMBIGGEN" Anillo ACT1101), and Project IC120009 "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo. NR 89 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A130 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201323053 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600065 ER PT J AU Grinberg, V Leutenegger, MA Hell, N Pottschmidt, K Bock, M Garcia, JA Hanke, M Nowak, MA Sundqvist, JO Townsend, RHD Wilms, J AF Grinberg, V. Leutenegger, M. A. Hell, N. Pottschmidt, K. Boeck, M. Garcia, J. A. Hanke, M. Nowak, M. A. Sundqvist, J. O. Townsend, R. H. D. Wilms, J. TI Long term variability of Cygnus X-1 VII. Orbital variability of the focussed wind in Cyg X-1/HDE 226868 system SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: individual: Cyg X-1; X-rays: binaries; binaries : close; stars: winds, outflows ID RAY-TIMING-EXPLORER; HOT-STAR WINDS; PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAY; LINE-DRIVEN INSTABILITY; LUMINOUS OB STARS; X-RAY; MASS-LOSS; STELLAR WIND; BLACK-HOLE; SUPERORBITAL VARIABILITY AB Binary systems with an accreting compact object off er a unique opportunity to investigate the strong, clumpy, line-driven winds of early-type supergiants by using the compact object's X-rays to probe the wind structure. We analyze the two-component wind of HDE 226868, the O9.7Iab giant companion of the black hole Cyg X-1, using 4.77 Ms Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) observations of the system taken over the course of 16 years. Absorption changes strongly over the 5.6 d binary orbit, but also shows a large scatter at a given orbital phase, especially at superior conjunction. The orbital variability is most prominent when the black hole is in the hard X-ray state. Our data are poorer for the intermediate and soft state, but show signs for orbital variability of the absorption column in the intermediate state. We quantitatively compare the data in the hard state to a toy model of a focussed Castor-Abbott-Klein wind: as it does not incorporate clumping, the model does not describe the observations well. A qualitative comparison to a simplified simulation of clumpy winds with spherical clumps shows good agreement in the distribution of the equivalent hydrogen column density for models with a porosity length on the order of the stellar radius at inferior conjunction; we conjecture that the deviations between data and model at superior conjunction could either be due to lack of a focussed wind component in the model or to a more complicated clump structure. C1 [Grinberg, V.; Nowak, M. A.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Leutenegger, M. A.; Pottschmidt, K.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, CRESST, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Leutenegger, M. A.; Pottschmidt, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hell, N.; Boeck, M.; Hanke, M.; Wilms, J.] FAU Erlangen Nrnberg, Dr Karl Remeis Sternwarte, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Hell, N.; Boeck, M.; Hanke, M.; Wilms, J.] FAU Erlangen Nrnberg, ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Hell, N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Boeck, M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Garcia, J. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sundqvist, J. O.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Sundqvist, J. O.] Univ Munich, Inst Astron & Astrophys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Townsend, R. H. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Grinberg, V (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM grinberg@space.mit.edu RI Wilms, Joern/C-8116-2013 OI Wilms, Joern/0000-0003-2065-5410 FU NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) [SV3-73016]; NASA [NAS8-03060, NNX12AE37G, NNX12AC72G]; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA/GSFC; Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie through Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt [50 OR 1113] FX Support for this work was provided by NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) contract SV3-73016 to MIT for Support of the Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC) and Science Instruments; CXC is operated by SAO for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. It was partially completed by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, and is supported by NASA grants to LLNL and NASA/GSFC. We thank the Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie for funding through Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt grant 50 OR 1113. M.A.N. acknowledges support from NASA Grant NNX12AE37G. R.H.D.T. acknowledges support from NASA award NNX12AC72G. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. We thank John E. Davis for the development of the slxfig module used to prepare all figures in this work and Fritz-Walter Schwarm, Thomas Dauser, and Ingo Kreykenbohm for their work on the Remeis computing cluster. This research has made use of ISIS functions (isisscripts) provided by ECAP/Remeis observatory and MIT3. Without the hard work by Evan Smith and Divya Pereira to schedule the observations of Cyg X-1 so uniformly for more than a decade, this whole series of papers would not have been possible. NR 87 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A117 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425418 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600052 ER PT J AU Lombardi, M Alves, J Lada, CJ AF Lombardi, Marco Alves, Joao Lada, Charles J. TI Molecular clouds have power-law probability distribution functions SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; dust, extinction; ISM: structure; methods: data analysis ID FIELD EXTINCTION MAPS; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; SUPERSONIC TURBULENCE; DENSITY DISTRIBUTION; DARK CLOUDS; HERSCHEL; ORION; SIMULATIONS; STATISTICS; COMPLEXES AB In this Letter we investigate the shape of the probability distribution of column densities (PDF) in molecular clouds. Through the use of low-noise, extinction-calibrated Herschel/Planck emission data for eight molecular clouds, we demonstrate that, contrary to common belief, the PDFs of molecular clouds are not described well by log-normal functions, but are instead power laws with exponents close to two and with breaks between A(K) similar or equal to 0.1 and 0.2 mag, so close to the CO self-shielding limit and not far from the transition between molecular and atomic gas. Additionally, we argue that the intrinsic functional form of the PDF cannot be securely determined below A(K) similar or equal to 0.1 mag, limiting our ability to investigate more complex models for the shape of the cloud PDF. C1 [Lombardi, Marco] Univ Milan, Dept Phys, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Alves, Joao] Univ Vienna, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Lombardi, Marco; Lada, Charles J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lombardi, M (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Phys, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM marco.lombardi@unimi.it OI LOMBARDI, MARCO/0000-0002-3336-4965; Alves, Joao/0000-0002-4355-0921 FU PRIN MIUR FX M.L. acknowledges financial support from PRIN MIUR 2010-2011, project "The Chemical and Dyamical Evolution of the Milky Way and Local Group Galaxies." NR 25 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR L1 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201525650 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600072 ER PT J AU Romano, P Bozzo, E Mangano, V Esposito, P Israel, G Tiengo, A Campana, S Ducci, L Ferrigno, C Kennea, JA AF Romano, P. Bozzo, E. Mangano, V. Esposito, P. Israel, G. Tiengo, A. Campana, S. Ducci, L. Ferrigno, C. Kennea, J. A. TI Giant outburst from the supergiant fast X-ray transient IGR J17544-2619: accretion from a transient disc? SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE X-rays: binaries; X-rays: individuals: IGR J17544-2619; accretion, accretion disks ID XMM-NEWTON; INTEGRAL OBSERVATIONS; SWIFT OBSERVATIONS; XTE J1739-302; FLARES; TELESCOPE; BINARIES; PULSARS; STAR AB Supergiant fast X-ray transients (SFXTs) are high mass X-ray binaries associated with OB supergiant companions and characterized by an X-ray flaring behaviour whose dynamical range reaches 5 orders of magnitude on time scales of a few hundred to thousands of seconds. Current investigations concentrate on finding possible mechanisms to inhibit accretion in SFXTs and to explain their unusually low average X-ray luminosity. We present the Swift observations of an exceptionally bright outburst displayed by the SFXT IGR J17544-2619 on 2014 October 10 when the source achieved a peak luminosity of 3 x 10(38) erg s(-1). This extends the total source dynamic range to greater than or similar to 10(6), the largest (by a factor of 10) recorded so far from an SFXT. Tentative evidence for pulsations at a period of 11.6 s is also reported. We show that these observations challenge, for the first time, the maximum theoretical luminosity achievable by an SFXT and propose that this giant outburst was due to the formation of a transient accretion disc around the compact object. C1 [Romano, P.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Palermo, INAF, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [Bozzo, E.; Ducci, L.; Ferrigno, C.] Univ Geneva, ISDC Data Ctr Astrophys, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Mangano, V.; Kennea, J. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Esposito, P.; Tiengo, A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Esposito, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Israel, G.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Tiengo, A.] Ist Univ Studi Super, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Tiengo, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Campana, S.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Ducci, L.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. RP Romano, P (reprint author), Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Palermo, INAF, Via U La Malfa 153, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. EM romano@ifc.inaf.it OI Israel, GianLuca/0000-0001-5480-6438; Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092; Romano, Patrizia/0000-0003-0258-7469; Tiengo, Andrea/0000-0002-6038-1090; Campana, Sergio/0000-0001-6278-1576 FU Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt [FKZ 50 OG 1301]; [ASI-INAF I/004/11/0] FX We wholeheartedly thank the Swift team duty scientists and science planners for their courteous efficiency, and S. D. Barthelmy, D. N. Burrows, and N. Gehrels. We thank S. E. Motta, L. Stella, A. Beardmore, M. Capalbi, and S. Vercellone for useful discussions. We also thank our referee for swift comments that helped improve the paper. P.R. and S.C. acknowledge contract ASI-INAF I/004/11/0. P.E. acknowledges a Fulbright Research Scholar grant administered by the US-Italy Fulbright Commission and is grateful to the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for hosting him during his Fulbright exchange. L. D. thanks Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt (Grant FKZ 50 OG 1301). NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR L4 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201525749 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600075 ER PT J AU Schwarz, H Brogi, M de Kok, R Birkby, J Snellen, I AF Schwarz, Henriette Brogi, Matteo de Kok, Remco Birkby, Jayne Snellen, Ignas TI Evidence against a strong thermal inversion in HD 209458b from high-dispersion spectroscopy SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: atmospheres; infrared: planetary systems; methods: data analysis; techniques: spectroscopic; stars: individual: HD 209458 ID COLLISION-INDUCED ABSORPTION; INFRARED-EMISSION SPECTRUM; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; TAU BOOTIS B; TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; HOT JUPITERS; TEMPERATURE INVERSION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; GIANT PLANETS AB Context. Broadband secondary-eclipse measurements of strongly irradiated hot Jupiters have indicated the existence of atmospheric thermal inversions, but their presence is difficult to determine from broadband measurements because of degeneracies between molecular abundances and temperature structure. Furthermore, the primary mechanisms that drive the inversion layers in hot-Jupiter atmospheres are unknown. This question cannot be answered without reliable identification of thermal inversions. Aims. We apply high-resolution (R = 100 000) infrared spectroscopy to probe the temperature-pressure profile of HD 209458b. This bright, transiting hot-Jupiter has long been considered the gold standard for a hot Jupiter with an inversion layer, but this has been challenged in recent publications. Methods. We observed the thermal dayside emission of HD 209458b with the CRyogenic Infra-Red Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES) on the Very Large Telescope during three nights, targeting the carbon monoxide band at 2.3 mu m. Thermal inversions give rise to emission features, which means that detecting emission lines in the planetary spectrum, as opposed to absorption lines, would be direct evidence of a region in which the temperature increases with altitude. Results. We do not detect any significant absorption or emission of CO in the dayside spectrum of HD 209458b, although cross-correlation with template spectra either with CO absorption lines or with weak emission at the core of the lines show a low-significance correlation signal with a signal-to-noise ratio of similar to 3-3.5. Models with strong CO emission lines show a weak anti-correlation with similar or lower significance levels. Furthermore, we found no evidence of absorption or emission from H2O at these wavelengths. Conclusions. The non-detection of CO in the dayside spectrum of HD 209458b is interesting in light of a previous CO detection in the transmission spectrum. That there is no signal indicates that HD 209458b either has a nearly isothermal atmosphere or that the signal is heavily muted. Assuming a clear atmosphere, we can rule out a full-disc dayside inversion layer in the pressure range 1 bar to 1 mbar. C1 [Schwarz, Henriette; Brogi, Matteo; de Kok, Remco; Birkby, Jayne; Snellen, Ignas] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [de Kok, Remco] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Birkby, Jayne] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Schwarz, H (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM schwarz@strw.leidenuniv.nl FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [639.043.107]; NASA through Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51336]; NASA FX We are thankful to the ESO staff of Paranal Observatory for their support during the observations, and we thank the anonymous referee for the insightful comments and suggestions. This work is part of the research programmes PEPSci and VICI 639.043.107, which are financed by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Support for this work was provided in part by NASA, through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51336 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute. This work was performed in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. NR 72 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A111 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425170 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600046 ER PT J AU Smolcic, V Karim, A Miettinen, O Novak, M Magnelli, B Riechers, DA Schinnerer, E Capak, P Bondi, M Ciliegi, P Aravena, M Bertoldi, F Bourke, S Banfield, J Carilli, CL Civano, F Ilbert, O Intema, HT Le Fevre, O Finoguenov, A Hallinan, G Klockner, HR Koekemoer, A Laigle, C Masters, D McCracken, HJ Mooley, K Murphy, E Navarette, F Salvato, M Sargent, M Sheth, K Toft, S Zamorani, G AF Smolcic, V. Karim, A. Miettinen, O. Novak, M. Magnelli, B. Riechers, D. A. Schinnerer, E. Capak, P. Bondi, M. Ciliegi, P. Aravena, M. Bertoldi, F. Bourke, S. Banfield, J. Carilli, C. L. Civano, F. Ilbert, O. Intema, H. T. Le Fevre, O. Finoguenov, A. Hallinan, G. Kloeckner, H. -R. Koekemoer, A. Laigle, C. Masters, D. McCracken, H. J. Mooley, K. Murphy, E. Navarette, F. Salvato, M. Sargent, M. Sheth, K. Toft, S. Zamorani, G. TI Physical properties of z > 4 submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS field SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE surveys; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: starburst; radio continuum: galaxies; submillimeter: galaxies ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; FAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES; AZTEC MILLIMETER SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DEEP-FIELD; HIGH-REDSHIFT; MOLECULAR GAS; SOURCE CATALOG; ALMA SURVEY AB We investigate the physical properties of a sample of six submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the COSMOS field, spectroscopically confirmed to lie at redshifts z > 4. While the redshifts for four of these SMGs were previously known, we present here two newly discovered z(spec) > 4 SMGs. For our analysis we employ the rich (X-ray to radio) COSMOS multi-wavelength datasets. In particular, we use new data from the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) 325 MHz and 3 GHz Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to probe the rest-frame 1.4 GHz emission at z = 4, and to estimate the sizes of the star formation regions of these sources, respectively. We find that only one SMG is clearly resolved at a resolution of 0.'' 6 x 0.'' 7 at 3 GHz, two may be marginally resolved, while the remaining three SMGs are unresolved at this resolution. Combining this with sizes from high-resolution (sub-) mm observations available in the literature for AzTEC 1 and AzTEC 3 we infer a median radio-emitting size for our z > 4 SMGs of (0.'' 63 +/- 0.'' 12) x (0.'' 35 +/- 0.'' 05) or 4.1 x 2.3 kpc(2) (major x minor axis; assuming z = 4.5) or lower if we take the two marginally resolved SMGs as unresolved. This is consistent with the sizes of star formation regions in lower-redshift SMGs, and local normal galaxies, yet higher than the sizes of star formation regions of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Our SMG sample consists of a fair mix of compact and more clumpy systems with multiple, perhaps merging, components. With an average formation time of similar to 280 Myr, as derived through modeling of the UV IR spectral energy distributions, the studied SMGs are young systems. The average stellar mass, dust temperature, and IR luminosity we derive are M-star similar to 1.4 x 10(11) M-circle dot, T-dust similar to 43 K, and L-IR similar to 1.3 x 10(13) L-circle dot, respectively. The average L-IR is up to an order of magnitude higher than for SMGs at lower redshifts. Our SMGs follow the correlation between dust temperature and IR luminosity as derived for Herschel-selected 0.1 < z < 2 galaxies. We study the IR-radio correlation for our sources and find a deviation from that derived for z < 3 ULIRGs (< q(IR)> = 1.95 +/- 0.26 for our sample, compared to q approximate to 2.6 for IR luminous galaxies at z < 2). In summary, we find that the physical properties derived for our z > 4 SMGs put them at the high end of the L-IR-T-dust distribution of SMGs, and that our SMGs form a morphologically heterogeneous sample. Thus, additional in-depth analyses of large, statistical samples of high-redshift SMGs are needed to fully understand their role in galaxy formation and evolution. C1 [Smolcic, V.; Miettinen, O.; Novak, M.] Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Karim, A.; Magnelli, B.; Bertoldi, F.; Navarette, F.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Riechers, D. A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schinnerer, E.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Capak, P.; Bourke, S.; Hallinan, G.; Mooley, K.; Murphy, E.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Capak, P.] Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bondi, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Ciliegi, P.; Zamorani, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Aravena, M.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Banfield, J.] CSIRO Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Banfield, J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Carilli, C. L.; Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Civano, F.] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Civano, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ilbert, O.; Le Fevre, O.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Finoguenov, A.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki 00014, Finland. [Kloeckner, H. -R.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kloeckner, H. -R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Laigle, C.; McCracken, H. J.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, F-75005 Paris, France. [Laigle, C.; McCracken, H. J.] Univ Paris 06, Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Masters, D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Salvato, M.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Sargent, M.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Sheth, K.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Toft, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Dark Cosmol Ctr, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Smolcic, V (reprint author), Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, Bijenicka Cesta 32, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. EM vs@phy.hr RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; Ciliegi, Paolo/0000-0002-0447-4620; Zamorani, Giovanni/0000-0002-2318-301X; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Schinnerer, Eva/0000-0002-3933-7677 FU European Union [337595]; Collaborative Research Council - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [956]; Danish National Research Foundation FX We thank the referee for insightful comments on the manuscript. This research was funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework program under grant agreement 337595 (ERC Starting Grant, "CoSMass"). A.K. acknowledges support by the Collaborative Research Council 956, sub-project A1, funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 129 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A127 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424996 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600062 ER PT J AU Maia, MT Melendez, J Castro, M Asplund, M Ramirez, I Monroe, TR do Nascimento, JD Yong, D AF Tucci Maia, M. Melendez, J. Castro, M. Asplund, M. Ramirez, I. Monroe, T. R. do Nascimento, J. D., Jr. Yong, D. TI Shallow extra mixing in solar twins inferred from Be abundances SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: abundances; Sun: atmosphere; Sun: evolution; Sun: interior; stars: abundances; stars: interiors ID BERYLLIUM ABUNDANCES; LITHIUM DEPLETION; LINE FORMATION; HIP 56948; STARS; SUN; GRANULATION; EVOLUTION; OPACITY; ROTATION AB Context. Lithium and beryllium are destroyed at different temperatures in stellar interiors. As such, their relative abundances offer excellent probes of the nature and extent of mixing processes within and below the convection zone. Aims. We determine Be abundances for a sample of eight solar twins for which Li abundances have previously been determined. The analyzed solar twins span a very wide range of age, 0.5-8.2 Gyr, which enables us to study secular evolution of Li and Be depletion. Methods. We gathered high-quality UVES/VLT spectra and obtained Be abundances by spectral synthesis of the Be II 313 nm doublet. Results. The derived beryllium abundances exhibit no significant variation with age. The more fragile Li, however, exhibits a monotonically decreasing abundance with increasing age. Therefore, relatively shallow extra mixing below the convection zone is necessary to simultaneously account for the observed Li and Be behavior in the Sun and solar twins. C1 [Tucci Maia, M.; Melendez, J.; Monroe, T. R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Astron IAG USP, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Castro, M.; do Nascimento, J. D., Jr.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Fis Teor & Expt, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [Asplund, M.; Yong, D.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Ramirez, I.] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ramirez, I.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [do Nascimento, J. D., Jr.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Maia, MT (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Astron IAG USP, Rua Matao 1226, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM marcelotuccimaia@usp.br RI do Nascimento, Jose Dias/D-2416-2014; Melendez, Jorge/J-4002-2016 OI do Nascimento, Jose Dias/0000-0001-7804-2145; Melendez, Jorge/0000-0002-4933-2239 FU CNPq [142437/2014-0]; FAPESP [2012/24392-2]; Australian Research Council [DP120100991] FX We thank Johanna F. Jarvis for sharing her Be line list. M.T.M. thanks for support by CNPq (142437/2014-0). J.M. thanks for support by FAPESP (2012/24392-2). M.A. and D.Y. acknowledge financial support from the Australian Research Council (grant DP120100991). NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR L10 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425357 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600081 ER PT J AU Yildiz, UA Kristensen, LE van Dishoeck, EF Hogerheijde, MR Karska, A Belloche, A Endo, A Frieswijk, W Gusten, R van Kempen, TA Leurini, S Nagy, Z Perez-Beaupuits, JP Risacher, C van der Marel, N van Weeren, RJ Wyrowski, F AF Yildiz, U. A. Kristensen, L. E. van Dishoeck, E. F. Hogerheijde, M. R. Karska, A. Belloche, A. Endo, A. Frieswijk, W. Guesten, R. van Kempen, T. A. Leurini, S. Nagy, Z. Perez-Beaupuits, J. P. Risacher, C. van der Marel, N. van Weeren, R. J. Wyrowski, F. TI APEX-CHAMP(+) high-J CO observations of low-mass young stellar objects IV. Mechanical and radiative feedback SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; stars: formation; stars: protostars; ISM: molecules; techniques: spectroscopic ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; HERSCHEL-PACS; NGC 1333; PROTOSTELLAR ENVELOPES; SPITZER C2D; GOULD BELT; EMBEDDED PROTOSTARS; BIPOLAR OUTFLOWS; LINE FORMATION AB Context. During the embedded stage of star formation, bipolar molecular outflows and UV radiation from the protostar are important feedback processes. Both processes reflect the accretion onto the forming star and affect subsequent collapse or fragmentation of the cloud. Aims. Our aim is to quantify the feedback, mechanical and radiative, for a large sample of low-mass sources in a consistent manner. The outflow activity is compared to radiative feedback in the form of UV heating by the accreting protostar to search for correlations and evolutionary trends. Methods. Large-scale maps of 26 young stellar objects, which are part of the Herschel WISH key program are obtained using the CHAMP(+) instrument on the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment ((CO)-C-12 and (CO)-C-13 6-5; E-up similar to 100 K), and the HARP-B instrument on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope ((CO)-C-12 and (CO)-C-13 3-2; E-up similar to 30 K). The maps have high spatial resolution, particularly the CO 6 5 maps taken with a 9 '' beam, resolving the morphology of the outflows. The maps are used to determine outflow parameters and the results are compared with higher-J CO lines obtained with Herschel. Envelope models are used to quantify the amount of UV-heated gas and its temperature from (CO)-C-13 6-5 observations. Results. All sources in our sample show outflow activity, with the spatial extent decreasing from the Class 0 to the Class I stage. Consistent with previous studies, the outflow force, F-CO, is larger for Class 0 sources than for Class I sources, even if their luminosities are comparable. The outflowing gas typically extends to much greater distances than the power-law envelope and therefore influences the surrounding cloud material directly. Comparison of the CO 6-5 results with HIFI H2O and PACS high-J CO lines, both tracing currently shocked gas, shows that the two components are linked, even though the transitions do not probe the same gas. The link does not extend down to CO 3-2. The conclusion is that CO 6-5 depends on the shock characteristics (density and velocity), whereas CO 3-2 is more sensitive to conditions in the surrounding environment (density). The radiative feedback is responsible for increasing the gas temperature by a factor of two, up to 30-50 K, on scales of a few thousand AU, particularly along the direction of the outflow. The mass of the UV heated gas exceeds the mass contained in the entrained outflow in the inner similar to 3000 AU and is therefore at least as important on small scales. C1 [Yildiz, U. A.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Hogerheijde, M. R.; van Kempen, T. A.; van der Marel, N.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Yildiz, U. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Kristensen, L. E.; van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van Dishoeck, E. F.; Karska, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Belloche, A.; Guesten, R.; Leurini, S.; Perez-Beaupuits, J. P.; Risacher, C.; Wyrowski, F.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Endo, A.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands. [Frieswijk, W.; Risacher, C.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Inst, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands. [Frieswijk, W.] ASTRON, NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Nagy, Z.] Univ Cologne, Phys Inst 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Yildiz, UA (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM Umut.Yildiz@jpl.nasa.gov RI Yildiz, Umut/C-5257-2011; Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011; Karska, Agata/O-5311-2016 OI Yildiz, Umut/0000-0001-6197-2864; Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721; Karska, Agata/0000-0001-8913-925X FU Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Spinoza grant; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [614.001.008, 600.063.310.10]; European Community [238258] FX The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee for suggestions and comments, which improved this paper. We are grateful to the APEX and JCMT staff for support with these observations. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Spinoza grant and grant 614.001.008 from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement 238258 (LASSIE). This work was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology under contract with NASA. Construction of CHAMP+ is a collaboration between the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie Bonn, Germany; SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Groningen, the Netherlands; the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); and the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience at Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands; with support from The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) grant 600.063.310.10. The APEX data was obtained via Max Planck Institute observing time. NR 86 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A109 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424538 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CL9DC UT WOS:000357274600044 ER PT J AU Loeb, A AF Loeb, Abraham TI Fostering talent SO PHYSICS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Univ, Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Loeb, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM aloeb@cfa.harvard.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8585 J9 PHYS WORLD JI Phys. World PD APR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 4 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CK9DJ UT WOS:000356540500024 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Azevedo, CO AF Buffington, Matthew L. Azevedo, Celso O. TI THE REDESCRIPTION AND PHYLOGENETIC POSITION OF STELEUCOELA KIEFFER, 1908, A REMARKABLE GENUS OF NEOTROPICAL GANASPINI (HYMENOPTERA: FIGITIDAE: EUCOILINAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE parasitoid; morphology; biodiversity; Espirito Santo; Atlantic primary forest ID ATLANTIC FOREST; CYNIPOIDEA AB The eucoiline genus Steleucoela Kieffer is redescribed and illustrated, as well as the two species S. brasiliensis Diaz and S. piriformis Kieffer. Updated distribution data are provided, and include the new country records from Colombia and Costa Rica for S. piriformis. DNA sequence data are here combined with a morphological phylogenetic matrix to examine the phylogenetic placement of Stelecuoela. While morphologically rather apomorphic, Stelecuoela was recovered nested within Ganaspini. This study is a product of the NESH Project of Espirito Santo, and we discuss the future of Hymenoptera taxonomy within the state. C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Azevedo, Celso O.] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-29075910 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian NMNH, 10th & Constitution Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov; bethylidae@gmail.com RI Azevedo, Celso/D-1295-2014 FU CNPq/FAPES [52263010/2011]; CNPq [301669/2010-4]; Systematic Entomology Laboratory FX COA recognizes CNPq/FAPES grant #52263010/2011 for the financial aid from N.E.S.H, and CNPq grant #301669/2010-4 for his fellowship. MLB thanks the Systematic Entomology Laboratory for support and funding; Dylan Johnston-Jordan (SI intern) for images of S. piriformis; Taina Litwak (Systematic Entomology Lab) for rendering the digital illustration in Figure 1 of S. brasiliensis, and assisting with the editing the SEM images of S. brasiliensis. Additional thanks are given to Robert Zuparko (CASC) and Andrew Bennett (CNCI) for specimen loans critical to this project; to John Noyes (NHM) for fruitful discussions on Costa Rican habitat characteristics. Mattias Forshage (Natural History Museum of Stockholm) and Thomas Henry (Systematic Entomology Lab) significantly improved this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 117 IS 2 BP 95 EP 115 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.95 PG 21 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CK4AC UT WOS:000356158100002 ER PT J AU Bukejs, A Chamorro, ML AF Bukejs, Andris Chamorro, Maria Lourdes TI TWO NEW FOSSIL SPECIES OF CRYPTOCEPHALUS GEOFFROY (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) FROM BALTIC AND DOMINICAN AMBER SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE leaf-beetles; Cryptocephalinae; new taxa; fossil resin ID CALIBRATION UNCERTAINTY; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN AB Two new species of Cryptocephalus Geoffroy (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are described and illustrated from fossil resin: Cryptocephalus groehni sp. nov. (Baltic amber) and Cryptocephalus kheelorum sp. nov. (Dominican amber). These are the first described species of Cryptocephalinae from fossil resin. These new fossil species may serve with taxonomic certainty as calibration points in divergence dating estimates. C1 [Bukejs, Andris] Daugavpils Univ, Inst Life Sci & Technol, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia. [Chamorro, Maria Lourdes] USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Bukejs, A (reprint author), Daugavpils Univ, Inst Life Sci & Technol, Vienibas 13, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia. EM carabidae@inbox.lv; lourdes.chamorro@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 117 IS 2 BP 116 EP 125 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.116 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CK4AC UT WOS:000356158100003 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ Sweet, MH AF Henry, Thomas J. Sweet, Merrill H. TI WHEELERODEMUS MUHLENBERGIAE, A NEW GENUS AND NEW SPECIES OF BLISSIDAE (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA: LYGAEOIDEA) FROM OKLAHOMA AND TEXAS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Hemiptera; Lygaeoidea; Blissidae; new genus and species; hosts; distribution; key ID BLISSUS HETEROPTERA; CHINCH BUG; LYGAEIDAE; AMERICA AB The new blissid genus Wheelerodemus is described to accommodate the new species W. muhlenbergiae, based on specimens collected on the grasses Muhlenbergia lindheimeri and M. reverchonii from the Arbuckle Mountains in southcentral Oklahoma and the Edward's Plateau in westcentral Texas. Because the size of specimens from Oklahoma appeared consistently smaller than those from Texas, samples from each area were sequenced using the COI barcode region to help determine that only one variable species was involved. Diagnoses, descriptions, a color habitus illustration of the adult male, dorsal and lateral photographs of the adult male and female, photomicrographs of selected structures, illustrations of male and female genitalia, and a key to the U.S. blissid genera are provided to help distinguish this new genus and species from other Blissidae. C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Mus Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Sweet, Merrill H.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Natl Mus Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC-0168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 117 IS 2 BP 151 EP 161 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.151 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CK4AC UT WOS:000356158100006 ER PT J AU Monjaras-Barrera, JI Morales-Reyes, C Smith, DR AF Monjaras-Barrera, Jose Irving Morales-Reyes, Celso Smith, David R. TI A NEW SPECIES OF SPHACOPHILUS (HYMENOPTERA: ARGIDAE) FROM MEXICO FEEDING ON CHIPILIN, CROTALARIA LONGIROSTRATA (FABACEAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE sawfly; Symphyta; agricultural pest AB Sphacophilus monjarasi Smith and Morales-Reyes, n. sp., is described from Chiapas, Mexico. Larvae feed on chipilin, Crotalaria longirostrata Hook. & Am. (Fabaceae), an agricultural crop in Mexico and Central America. C1 Univ Autonoma Agr Antonio Narro, Dept Parasitol, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. [Smith, David R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Monjaras-Barrera, JI (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Agr Antonio Narro, Dept Parasitol, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923 Col Buenavista, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. EM irving_032@hotmail.com; vardenhevrer@hotmail.com; sawfly2@aol.com NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 117 IS 2 BP 179 EP 182 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.179 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CK4AC UT WOS:000356158100008 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Wei, MC AF Smith, David R. Wei, Meicai TI A NEW ASIAN MONOPHADNOIDES ASHMEAD (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE) WITH HIGH ANTENNAL CRESTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Blennocampinae; Palearctic AB Monophadnoides tuberculatus Smith and Wei, n. sp., is described from China and Korea. The unusual high antennal crests are diagnostic for the species. C1 [Smith, David R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wei, Meicai] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Cultivat & Protect Nonwood Forest Trees, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com; weimc@126.com NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 117 IS 2 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.203 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CK4AC UT WOS:000356158100011 ER PT J AU Stoffolano, JG Rice, M Murphy, WL AF Stoffolano, John G., Jr. Rice, Marian Murphy, William L. TI SEPEDON FUSCIPENNIS LOEW (DIPTERA: SCIOMYZIDAE): ELUCIDATION OF EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY BY USE OF SEM OF THE HEAD, LEGS, AND POSTABDOMEN OF ADULTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Acalyptratae; antenna; labellar hook; ptilinum mechanoreceptor; mechanosensilla; sacculi; sensilla; Tetanocerini ID INSECT; FLIES; SUGAR AB Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the external morphology of the head, legs, and postabdomen of adults of the Nearctic snail-killing fly Sepedon fuscipennis Loew (Diptera: Sciomyzidae). For both sexes, details are provided of the sensilla on the antenna, which has three sacculi on the first flagellomere. The number and arrangement of mechanosensilla on the aristae show sexual dimorphism. The black parafrontal spots are covered with microtrichia. Interfacetal mechanoreceptors were not numerous on the compound eyes, indication that sciomyzids are not major pollinators. Labellar hooks are evident in both sexes. A discussion is provided of various proposed functions. The shape of the head, especially the concave area housing the retracted mouthparts, suggests a novel explanation for the absence of a ptilinum in the genus Sepedon Latreille. C1 [Stoffolano, John G., Jr.] Univ Massachusetts, Stockbridge Sch Agr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Rice, Marian] Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Biol Sci, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. [Murphy, William L.] Smithsonian Inst, Fishers, IN 46038 USA. RP Stoffolano, JG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Stockbridge Sch Agr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM stoff@umass.edu; mrice@mtholyoke.edu; billmurphy8@sbcglobal.net FU Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station [MAS-00448]; Crampton Fund of the Division of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst FX This research was supported by Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station (MAS-00448 to JGS) and is published as Contribution No. 3481 from the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station. Funds from the Crampton Fund of the Division of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, helped defray the cost of publication. We thank E. Errico and E. Longo (University of Massachusetts, Amherst) for collecting and maintaining flies during the summer of 2009; L. Knutson (Gaeta, Italy) for encouraging JGS to study S. fuscipennis and to Knutson and R. Mc Donnell (University of California, Riverside) for recommending specific references; E. Buschbeck (Berlin, Germany), S. Gorb (Kiev, Ukraine), and A. Schmid (Zurich, Switzerland) for their important input concerning the function(s) of interfacetal mechanosensilla; E. Chapman (University of Kentucky, Lexington), D. McAlpine (Sydney, Australia), R. Rozkosny (Brno, Czech Republic), and J-C. Vala (Avignon, France) for reviewing the manuscript and making suggestions; S. Lindsay (Sydney, Australia) and D. McAlpine for providing Fig. 13; C. Eisemann (North-field, Massachusetts) for providing Fig. 22; and B. Normark (Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst) for his input on evolutionary arguments made in this paper concerning lack of a ptilinal suture. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 117 IS 2 BP 209 EP 225 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.209 PG 17 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CK4AC UT WOS:000356158100012 ER PT J AU Miller, SE Rosati, ME Gewa, B Novotny, V Weiblen, GD Hebert, PDN AF Miller, Scott E. Rosati, Margaret E. Gewa, Bradley Novotny, Vojtech Weiblen, George D. Hebert, Paul D. N. TI DNA barcodes of Lepidoptera reared from Yawan, Papua New Guinea SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material ID TORTRICIDAE C1 [Miller, Scott E.; Rosati, Margaret E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gewa, Bradley] Binatang Res Ctr, Madang, Papua N Guinea. [Novotny, Vojtech] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ctr Biol, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Novotny, Vojtech] Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Weiblen, George D.] Univ Minnesota, Bell Museum, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Weiblen, George D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, Biol Sci Ctr 250, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Miller, SE (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 105, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM millers@si.edu RI Novotny, Vojtech/G-9434-2014; Hebert, Paul/C-4161-2013; OI Novotny, Vojtech/0000-0001-7918-8023; Hebert, Paul/0000-0002-3081-6700; Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 117 IS 2 BP 247 EP 250 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.2.247 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CK4AC UT WOS:000356158100016 ER PT J AU Schachat, SR Labandeira, CC AF Schachat, Sandra R. Labandeira, Conrad C. TI Evolution of a complex behavior: the origin and initial diversification of foliar galling by Permian insects SO SCIENCE OF NATURE LA English DT Article DE Body mass; Diet; Hemiptera; Late Paleozoic; Leaves; Lophioneuridae; Paleoecology; Protopsyllidiidae; Wing length ID NORTH-CENTRAL TEXAS; BODY-SIZE; PLANT; GYMNOSPERMS; HERBIVORY AB A central notion of the early evolution of insect galling is that this unique behavior was uncommon to rare before the diversification of angiosperms 135 to 125 m.yr. ago. However, evidence accumulated during recent years shows that foliar galls were diverse and locally abundant as early as the Permian Period, 299 to 252 m.yr. ago. In particular, a diversity of leaf galling during the Early Permian has recently been documented by the plant-damage record of foliar galls and, now, our interpretation of the body-fossil record of culprit insect gallers. Small size is a prerequisite for gallers. Wing-length measurements of Permian insects indicate that several small-bodied hemipteroid lineages originated early during the Permian, some descendant lineages of which gall the leaves of seed plants to the present day. The earliest foliar gallers likely were Protopsyllidiidae (Hemiptera) and Lophioneuridae (Thripida). Much of the Early Permian was a xeric interval, and modern galls are most common in dry, extra-tropical habitats such as scrubland and deserts. Plant-damage, insect body fossils, and the paleoclimate record collectively support the ecological expansion of foliar galling during the Early Permian and its continued expansion through the Late Permian. C1 [Schachat, Sandra R.; Labandeira, Conrad C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Schachat, Sandra R.; Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, BEES Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Schachat, Sandra R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM labandec@si.edu RI Schachat, Sandra/M-5399-2014 OI Schachat, Sandra/0000-0003-3237-5619 NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0028-1042 EI 1432-1904 J9 SCI NAT-HEIDELBERG JI Sci. Nat. PD APR PY 2015 VL 102 IS 3-4 AR UNSP 14 DI 10.1007/s00114-015-1266-7 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CK1CE UT WOS:000355942200002 ER PT J AU Abad-Franch, F Zamora-Perea, E Ferraz, G Padilla-Torres, SD Luz, SLB AF Abad-Franch, Fernando Zamora-Perea, Elvira Ferraz, Goncalo Padilla-Torres, Samael D. Luz, Sergio L. B. TI Mosquito-Disseminated Pyriproxyfen Yields High Breeding-Site Coverage and Boosts Juvenile Mosquito Mortality at the Neighborhood Scale SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; DENGUE; CHIKUNGUNYA; ALBOPICTUS; DISPERSAL; CULICIDAE; AREA; CONTAINERS; WOLBACHIA; OUTBREAKS AB Background Mosquito-borne pathogens pose major public health challenges worldwide. With vaccines or effective drugs still unavailable for most such pathogens, disease prevention heavily relies on vector control. To date, however, mosquito control has proven difficult, with low breeding-site coverage during control campaigns identified as a major drawback. A novel tactic exploits the egg-laying behavior of mosquitoes to have them disseminate tiny particles of a potent larvicide, pyriproxyfen (PPF), from resting to breeding sites, thus improving coverage. This approach has yielded promising results at small spatial scales, but its wider applicability remains unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings We conducted a four-month trial within a 20-month study to investigate mosquito-driven dissemination of PPF dust-particles from 100 'dissemination stations' (DSs) deployed in a 7-ha sub-area to surveillance dwellings and sentinel breeding sites (SBSs) distributed over an urban neighborhood of about 50 ha. We assessed the impact of the trial by measuring juvenile mosquito mortality and adult mosquito emergence in each SBS-month. Using data from 1,075 dwelling-months, 2,988 SBS-months, and 29,922 individual mosquitoes, we show that mosquito-disseminated PPF yielded high coverage of dwellings (up to 100%) and SBSs (up to 94.3%). Juvenile mosquito mortality in SBSs (about 4% at baseline) increased by over one order of magnitude during PPF dissemination (about 75%). This led to a > 10-fold decrease of adult mosquito emergence from SBSs, from approximately 1,000-3,000 adults/month before to about 100 adults/month during PPF dissemination. Conclusions/Significance By expanding breeding-site coverage and boosting juvenile mosquito mortality, a strategy based on mosquito-disseminated PPF has potential to substantially enhance mosquito control. Sharp declines in adult mosquito emergence can lower vector/host ratios, reducing the risk of disease outbreaks. This approach is a very promising complement to current and novel mosquito control strategies; it will probably be especially relevant for the control of urban disease vectors, such as Aedes and Culex species, that often cause large epidemics. C1 [Abad-Franch, Fernando; Zamora-Perea, Elvira; Padilla-Torres, Samael D.; Luz, Sergio L. B.] Inst Leonidas & Maria Deane Fiocruz Amazonia, Lab Ecol Doencas Transmissiveis Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Ferraz, Goncalo] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Biociencias, Dept Ecol, BR-90049 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Ferraz, Goncalo] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. RP Abad-Franch, F (reprint author), Inst Leonidas & Maria Deane Fiocruz Amazonia, Lab Ecol Doencas Transmissiveis Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. EM fernando.abad@cpqrr.fiocruz.br FU Fiocruz PDTSP Program (Ministry of Health, Brazil); Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane (Fiocruz, Brazil); Fiocruz-FAPEAM agreement (Brazil) FX This study was funded by the Fiocruz PDTSP Program (Ministry of Health, Brazil), by intramural funds of the Instituto Leonidas e Maria Deane (Fiocruz, Brazil), and by the Fiocruz-FAPEAM agreement (Brazil). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD APR PY 2015 VL 9 IS 4 AR e0003702 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003702 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA CI7VF UT WOS:000354972200047 PM 25849040 ER PT J AU Greene, C AF Greene, Candace TI Verbal Meets Visual: Sitting Bull and the Representation of History SO ETHNOHISTORY LA English DT Article DE Art; oral tradition; oratory; war; Plains Indian; Lakota; historical consciousness AB A distinct form of Plains Indian historical narrative, the recounting of war deeds known as coup, was once produced through two linked forms of expression: oral recitation and pictorial representation. Many nineteenth-century examples of the visual component have survived, now separated from their oral component. A rare example in which both narrative strands have been preserved. presents an opportunity to examine the types of information included in each, to consider the ways in which the different strands were deployed toward social ends, and to gain insights into Lakota historical consciousness. The materials were created by the Hunkpapa Lakota leader Sitting Bull in 1882 while a prisoner of the US Army. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Greene, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RI Dey, Kamalesh/E-6568-2017 NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU DUKE UNIV PRESS PI DURHAM PA 905 W MAIN ST, STE 18-B, DURHAM, NC 27701 USA SN 0014-1801 EI 1527-5477 J9 ETHNOHISTORY JI Ethnohistory PD APR PY 2015 VL 62 IS 2 BP 217 EP 240 DI 10.1215/00141801-2854291 PG 24 WC Anthropology; History SC Anthropology; History GA CI2OS UT WOS:000354587500002 ER PT J AU Pei, NC Kress, WJ Chen, BF Erickson, DL Wong, KM Zhang, JL Ye, WH Huang, ZL Zhang, DX AF Pei, Nan-Cai Kress, W. John Chen, Bu-Feng Erickson, David L. Wong, Khoon Meng Zhang, Jin-Long Ye, Wan-Hui Huang, Zhong-Liang Zhang, Dian-Xiang TI Phylogenetic and climatic constraints drive flowering phenological patterns in a subtropical nature reserve SO JOURNAL OF PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental driver; flowering phenology; phylogenetic effect; reproductive trait; subtropical forest ID HERBARIUM SPECIMENS; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; AMBROSIA-ARTEMISIIFOLIA; REPRODUCTIVE PHENOLOGY; RAIN-FOREST; COMMUNITY; RESPONSES; PLANTS; TIME; GENES AB Aims Exploring flowering patterns and detecting processes are essential when probing into the nature of reproductive traits during the life history and the interactions among different evolutionary clades. Such patterns are believed to be influenced by many factors, but quantifying these impacts at the community-level remains poorly understood. Methods We investigated the flowering patterns based on long-term herbarium records in a given area from subtropical forest regions in southern China. We obtained 5258 herbarium voucher specimens collected from the Dinghushan National Nature Reserve (DNNR) belonging to 166 families, 943 genera and 2059 species and examined the month when each species was flowering during the period 1920-2007. Important Findings The results showed that plants flowered sequentially almost throughout the whole year, showing the characteristics of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests. Flowering spectrums of the entire flora and the four life forms exhibited a clear unimodality that is probably typical of subtropical forest communities. Flowering patterns of the DNNR were positively correlated with mean rainfall, mean air temperature and mean sunshine duration. Median flowering dates of the 38 large species-rich families ranged from early April to late August; 25 families exhibited significant unimodal distribution patterns, whereas the remaining families were unclear or bimodal. Median flowering dates of the 10 most species-rich genera ranged from middle May to later July. While the results are consistent with climatic factors playing a general role in flowering patterns, median flowering dates varied significantly among species-rich families and genera, suggesting that phylogenies could provide specific constraints in subtropical forests. C1 [Pei, Nan-Cai; Chen, Bu-Feng] Chinese Acad Forestry, Forest Ecosyst Stn Pearl River Delta, State Forestry Adm, Res Inst Trop Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Kress, W. John; Erickson, David L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wong, Khoon Meng] Singapore Bot Gardens, Singapore 259569, Singapore. [Zhang, Jin-Long] Kadoorie Farm & Bot Garden, Flora Conservat Dept, Tai Po, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Ye, Wan-Hui; Huang, Zhong-Liang; Zhang, Dian-Xiang] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, DX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Bot Garden, Xingke Rd 723, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM dx-zhang@scbg.ac.cn OI Zhang, Jinlong/0000-0002-1161-5460 FU NSF-China [31200471]; Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare [20140430105]; Ministry of Finance of China [RITFYWZX201208]; China Scholarship Council [201303270006]; CFERN & GENE Award Funds on Ecological Paper; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2005DKA21401, 2013FY111200] FX NSF-China (31200471), Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare (20140430105), Ministry of Finance of China (RITFYWZX201208), China Scholarship Council (201303270006), CFERN & GENE Award Funds on Ecological Paper to N.C.P.; Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2005DKA21401, 2013FY111200) to D.X.Z. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1752-9921 EI 1752-993X J9 J PLANT ECOL JI J. Plant Ecol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 SI SI BP 187 EP 196 DI 10.1093/jpe/rtv009 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI4FQ UT WOS:000354703600013 ER PT J AU Adey, W Halfar, J Humphreys, A Suskiewicz, T Belanger, D Gagnon, P Fox, M AF Adey, Walter Halfar, Jochen Humphreys, Alexander Suskiewicz, Thew Belanger, David Gagnon, Patrick Fox, Michael TI SUBARCTIC RHODOLITH BEDS PROMOTE LONGEVITY OF CRUSTOSE CORALLINE ALGAL BUILDUPS AND THEIR CLIMATE ARCHIVING POTENTIAL SO PALAIOS LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SEA; RHODOPHYTA; MORPHOLOGY; MEXICO AB The rocky, photic benthos of Arctic and Subarctic Biogeographic Regions has a characteristic seaweed flora that includes an extensive high-magnesium calcium carbonate basal layer of crustose coralline red algae. The thickest (10-40 cm) and oldest parts of the crust (previously reported as up to 640-830 years old), primarily at mid-photic depths of 15-25 m, are composed of buildups of the genus Clathromorphum. Due to its annual growth increments and cycling of Mg content with temperature, Clathromorphum has recently been developed as a high-resolution climate archive. The age of the archive is primarily limited by the boring of mollusks that reduce structural integrity, remove the record, and induce local diagenesis. Depressions and gentle slopes in the deeper portions of Subarctic rocky bottoms often collect mixed bioclastic and siliciclastic sediments, including a dense cover of rhodoliths (Lithothamnion glaciale and Lithothamnion tophiforme). In this paper we describe a transition zone of these two environments that forms on cobble/boulder glacial erratic bottoms in northern Labrador. Clathromorphum compactum buildups on the boulders and cobbles projecting through rhodolith beds can be preserved by fine-grained anaerobic sediments that in turn reduce mollusk boring. This significantly enhances preservation and longevity of C. compactum crusts. We describe specimens of ages up to 1200 years BP, and discuss how greater ages can be obtained for archiving high-resolution climate information. C1 [Adey, Walter] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Halfar, Jochen; Humphreys, Alexander] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem & Phys Sci, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Suskiewicz, Thew] Univ Laval, Oceanog, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Belanger, David; Gagnon, Patrick] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Ocean Sci, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada. [Fox, Michael] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Adey, W (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM adeyw@si.edu FU Estech (Ecological Systems Technology); NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council); NSERC Ship Time grant; Canada Foundation for Innovation Leaders Opportunity Fund (CFI-LOF) grant FX Funding for this project was provided by an Estech (Ecological Systems Technology) award to Adey, NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council) Discovery Grants to Ladd E. Johnson, Gagnon and Halfar, an NSERC Ship Time grant to Halfar and Gagnon, and a Canada Foundation for Innovation Leaders Opportunity Fund (CFI-LOF) grant to Gagnon. We give special thanks to Nick Caloyianis for the use of the underwater photographs in Figure 1A and B, and to Andreas Kronz for specimen preparation (Figure 10). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 22 PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY PI TULSA PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA SN 0883-1351 EI 1938-5323 J9 PALAIOS JI Palaios PD APR PY 2015 VL 30 IS 4 BP 281 EP 293 DI 10.2110/palo.2014.075 PG 13 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA CI3JL UT WOS:000354643900004 ER PT J AU Ojaveer, H Galil, BS Campbell, ML Carlton, JT Canning-Clode, J Cook, EJ Davidson, AD Hewitt, CL Jelmert, A Marchini, A McKenzie, CH Minchin, D Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A Olenin, S Ruiz, G AF Ojaveer, Henn Galil, Bella S. Campbell, Marnie L. Carlton, James T. Canning-Clode, Joao Cook, Elizabeth J. Davidson, Alisha D. Hewitt, Chad L. Jelmert, Anders Marchini, Agnese McKenzie, Cynthia H. Minchin, Dan Occhipinti-Ambrogi, Anna Olenin, Sergej Ruiz, Gregory TI Classification of Non-Indigenous Species Based on Their Impacts: Considerations for Application in Marine Management SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTRODUCED SEAWEEDS; RISK ANALYSIS; NON-NATIVES; EUROPE; COMMUNITIES; CALIFORNIA; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Assessment of the ecological and economic/societal impacts of the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS) is one of the primary focus areas of bioinvasion science in terrestrial and aquatic environments, and is considered essential to management. A classification system of NIS, based on the magnitude of their environmental impacts, was recently proposed to assist management. Here, we consider the potential application of this classification scheme to the marine environment, and offer a complementary framework focussing on value sets in order to explicitly address marine management concerns. Since existing data on marine NIS impacts are scarce and successful marine removals are rare, we propose that management of marine NIS adopt a precautionary approach, which not only would emphasise preventing new incursions through pre-border and at-border controls but also should influence the categorisation of impacts. The study of marine invasion impacts requires urgent attention and significant investment, since we lack the luxury of waiting for the knowledge base to be acquired before the window of opportunity closes for feasible management. C1 [Ojaveer, Henn] Univ Tartu, Estonian Marine Inst, Parnu, Estonia. [Galil, Bella S.] Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, Natl Inst Oceanog, Haifa, Israel. [Campbell, Marnie L.] Univ Waikato, Environm Res Inst, Hamilton, New Zealand. [Carlton, James T.] Williams Coll, Maritime Studies Program, Mystic, CT USA. [Carlton, James T.] Myst Seaport, Mystic, CT USA. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Univ Azores, Inst Mar, Dept Oceanog & Fisheries, Horta, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Funchal, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao; Ruiz, Gregory] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Res Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Cook, Elizabeth J.] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Scottish Marine Inst, Oban, Argyll, Scotland. [Davidson, Alisha D.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol, Detroit, MI USA. [Hewitt, Chad L.] Univ Waikato, Sch Sci, Hamilton, New Zealand. [Jelmert, Anders] Inst Marine Res, Flodevigen Marine Res Stn, His, Norway. [Marchini, Agnese; Occhipinti-Ambrogi, Anna] Univ Pavia, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [McKenzie, Cynthia H.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Ctr, St John, NF, Canada. [Minchin, Dan; Olenin, Sergej] Klaipeda Univ, Marine Sci & Technol Ctr, Klaipeda, Lithuania. RP Ojaveer, H (reprint author), Univ Tartu, Estonian Marine Inst, Parnu, Estonia. EM henn.ojaveer@ut.ee RI Marchini, Agnese/J-9256-2012; Ojaveer, Henn/K-2160-2016; OI Marchini, Agnese/0000-0003-4580-0522; Ojaveer, Henn/0000-0003-2742-6063; OCCHIPINTI, ANNA CARMEN/0000-0002-5737-8317; Canning Clode, Joao/0000-0003-2143-6535; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU European Union [266445]; Estonian Ministry of Education and Research [SF0180005s10]; FCT [SFRH/BPD/75775/2011] FX The research leading to these results has also received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (FP7/2007-2013) within The Ocean of Tomorrow call under Grant Agreement No. 266445 for the project Vectors of Change in Oceans and Seas Marine Life, Impact on Economic Sectors (VECTORS). HO was partly funded by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (grant SF0180005s10). JCC holds a FCT post-doctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/75775/2011). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 46 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 13 IS 4 AR e1002130 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002130 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CI5UE UT WOS:000354824500023 PM 25875845 ER PT J AU Woodman, N AF Woodman, Neal TI Rafinesque's names for western American mammals, including the earliest scientific name for the coyote (Canis latrans Say, 1822), based on the apocryphal journal of Charles Le Raye SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Antilocapra americana; Antilope cervicapra; cabree; Cynomys ludovicianus; Gulo gulo; Jervis Cutler; Lewis and Clark Expedition; nomen dubium; Taxidea taxus; Vulpes velox ID ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; MULE DEER AB In 1817, the naturalist Constantine S. Rafinesque named nine new species of mammals from the American West, indicating the recently published journal of Charles Le Raye as the primary source for his descriptions. Le Raye was purported to be a French Canadian fur trader who, as a captive of the Sioux, had traveled across broad portions of the Missouri and Yellowstone river drainages a few years before the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806) traversed much of the same region. Le Raye's journal was relied upon by generations of scholars as a valuable source documenting the native peoples and natural history of the Upper Missouri River in the era just prior to European settlement. Subsequent research, however, has shown that Le Raye never existed, and his purported journal is fraudulent. Despite this, Rafinesque's creation of the names followed conventional and accepted practice at the time, and they are potentially available. Fortunately, much of the Le Raye journal was based on verifiable sources, such as Patrick Gass's published account of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Identification of the original source materials makes it possible to establish the correct application of Rafinesque's names and to determine their current status. This process reveals that the earliest scientific name for the coyote (Canis latrans Say, 1822) was Canis chlorops Rafinesque, 1817; this name is now a nomen oblitum, however, and is no longer available. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, MRC 111,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM woodmann@si.edu OI Woodman, Neal/0000-0003-2689-7373 NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 128 IS 1 BP 63 EP 79 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-128.1.63 PG 17 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CI7VG UT WOS:000354972300006 ER PT J AU Graves, GR AF Graves, Gary R. TI A primer on the hybrid zone of Jamaican streamertail hummingbirds (Trochilidae: Trochilus) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE hummingbird; hybrid zone; Jamaica; James Bond; streamertail; Trochilus ID GREAT-PLAINS; FOOD PASSAGE; HYBRIDIZATION; CLINES; BIRDS; MODEL; SIZE AB The endemic hummingbirds Trochilus polytmus and T. scitulus hybridize in a narrow zone of secondary contact in eastern Jamaica. The cline in bill width across the hybrid zone represents the steepest morphological gradient documented thus far in avian biology. Hindlimb size and skeletal proxies for core body size, however, exhibit incongruent patterns of variation across the same transect. Significant correlation between bill width and skull width indicates that genetic loci that affect bill width have pleiotropic effects on cranial morphology posterior of the craniofacial hinge. This study is the first direct examination of skeletal size variation across an avian hybrid zone. C1 [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Graves, GR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 116,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RI publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017 FU James Bond fund of the Smithsonian Institution; Alexander Wetmore fund of the Smithsonian Institution FX I thank Brian Schmidt and Errol Frances (1950-2011) for field assistance. Permits and permissions were issued by the National Environment and Planning Agency (NEPA), the Jamaica Conservation and Development Trust (JCDT), and private land owners. Logistical assistance was kindly offered by Catherine Levy (Kingston), Susan Koenig and Mike Schwartz (Windsor Research Centre) and Carla Gullotta (Drapers San). Insightful comments by Mike Carleton and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. Field research was funded by the James Bond and Alexander Wetmore funds of the Smithsonian Institution. I thank the Smoketree Trust for continued support. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2015 VL 128 IS 1 BP 111 EP 124 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-128.1.111 PG 14 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CI7VG UT WOS:000354972300011 ER PT J AU Dommain, R Cobb, AR Joosten, H Glaser, PH Chua, AFL Gandois, L Kai, FM Noren, A Salim, KA Su'ut, NSH Harvey, CF AF Dommain, Rene Cobb, Alexander R. Joosten, Hans Glaser, Paul H. Chua, Amy F. L. Gandois, Laure Kai, Fuu-Ming Noren, Anders Salim, Kamariah A. Su'ut, N. Salihah H. Harvey, Charles F. TI Forest dynamics and tip-up pools drive pulses of high carbon accumulation rates in a tropical peat dome in Borneo (Southeast Asia) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE peat swamp forest; carbon accumulation rates; disturbance; peatland pool; Borneo; tropical peatland ID LEAF-LITTER DECOMPOSITION; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; HOLOCENE CLIMATE-CHANGE; LOWLAND RAIN-FORESTS; MULU-NATIONAL-PARK; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; DIPTEROCARP FOREST; RADIOCARBON AGE; SOIL CARBON; SARAWAK AB Peatlands of Southeast Asia store large pools of carbon but the mechanisms of peat accumulation in tropical forests remain to be resolved. Patch dynamics and forest disturbance have seldom been considered as drivers that can amplify or dampen rates of peat accumulation. Here we used a modified piston corer, noninvasive geophysical measurements, and geochemical and paleobotanical techniques to establish the effect of tree fall on carbon accumulation rates in a peat swamp forest dominated by Shorea albida in Brunei (Borneo). Carbon initially accumulated in a mangrove forest at over 300gCm(-2)yr(-1) but declined to less than 50gCm(-2)yr(-1) with the establishment of a peat swamp forest. A rapid accumulation pulse of 720-960gCm(-2)yr(-1) occurred around 1080years ago as a tip-up pool infilled. Tip-up pools are common in the peatlands of northwest Borneo where windthrow and lightning strikes produce tree falls at a rate of 4treesha(-1) every decade. A simulation model indicates that tip-up pools, which are formed across the entire forested peat dome, produce local discontinuities in the peat deposit, when peat is removed to create a pool that is rapidly filled with younger material. The resulting discontinuities in peat age at the base and sides of pool deposits obscure linkages between carbon accumulation rates and climate and require new approaches for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Our results suggest that carbon accumulation in tropical peat swamps may be based on fundamentally different peat-forming processes than those of northern peatlands. C1 [Dommain, Rene; Joosten, Hans] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Bot & Landscape Ecol, Greifswald, Germany. [Cobb, Alexander R.; Chua, Amy F. L.; Gandois, Laure; Kai, Fuu-Ming; Harvey, Charles F.] Singapore MIT Alliance Res & Technol, Singapore, Singapore. [Glaser, Paul H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Chua, Amy F. L.] Vale Malaysia Minerals Sdn Bhd, Perak, Malaysia. [Gandois, Laure] Univ Toulouse UPS, EcoLab Lab Ecol Fonct & Environm, INP, ENSAT, Castanet Tolosan, France. [Gandois, Laure] CNRS, EcoLab, Castanet Tolosan, France. [Noren, Anders] Univ Minnesota, Natl Lacustrine Core Facil, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Salim, Kamariah A.] Univ Brunei Darussalam, Biol Programme, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. [Su'ut, N. Salihah H.] Brunei Darussalam Heart Borneo Ctr, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei. [Harvey, Charles F.] MIT, Ralph M Parsons Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Dommain, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM rene.dommain@gmx.de OI Cobb, Alex/0000-0002-3128-3002 FU Institute for Sustainable Development of Landscapes of the Earth (Duene e.V.) Greifswald; National Research Foundation Singapore through Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology's Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling interdisciplinary research program; NSF [1114155, 1114161] FX This research was supported by a research grant from the Institute for Sustainable Development of Landscapes of the Earth (Duene e.V.) Greifswald to Rene Dommain, the National Research Foundation Singapore through the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology's Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling interdisciplinary research program, and by NSF grants 1114155 and 1114161 given to Charles Harvey. We thank Mahmud Yussof of Brunei Heart of Borneo Centre and Hajah Jamilah Jalil and Joffre Ali Ahmad of the Brunei Forestry Department for their support of this project. We appreciate the help of Bernard Jun Long Ng, Rahayu Sukmaria binti Haji Sukri, Jangarun Eri, Watu bin Awok, Azlan Pandai, Rosiaidi Mureh, and Muhammad Wafiuddin Zainal Ariffin in collecting peat cores under difficult conditions. The LacCore facility is gratefully acknowledged for enabling core storage and analysis; in particular, we thank Amy Myrbo, Kristina Brady, and Ryan O'Grady for their support. We also thank Aaron Lingwall for producing the X-ray radiographs and Sabine Kell for preparing pollen and C-N samples. Peter Konig and Peter Ashton kindly assisted with macrofossil identification and Ed Cushing with pollen analysis. Wetlands International is acknowledged for providing the peat map for Borneo. The comments by two anonymous reviewers and John Couwenberg are greatly appreciated. Original data are available from the first author. NR 91 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 38 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 4 BP 617 EP 640 DI 10.1002/2014JG002796 PG 24 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA CI2EQ UT WOS:000354558200003 ER PT J AU McDowell, MC Haouchar, D Aplin, KP Bunce, M Baynes, A Prideaux, GJ AF McDowell, Matthew C. Haouchar, Dalal Aplin, Ken P. Bunce, Michael Baynes, Alexander Prideaux, Gavin J. TI Morphological and molecular evidence supports specific recognition of the recently extinct Bettongia anhydra (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity loss; digging; ecological service; environmental degradation; extinction ID ANCIENT DNA; AUSTRALIA; KANGAROOS; ECOLOGY; DESERT AB In 1933, geologist and explorer Michael Terry collected the skull of a small macropodid captured by members of his party near Lake Mackay, western Northern Territory. In 1957, this skull was described as the sole exemplar of a distinct subspecies, Bettongia penicillata anhydra, but was later synonymized with B. lesueur and thereafter all but forgotten. We use a combination of craniodental morphology and ancient mitochondrial DNA to confirm that the Lake Mackay specimen is taxonomically distinct from all other species of Bettongia and recognize an additional specimen from a Western Australian Holocene fossil accumulation. B. anhydra is morphologically and genetically most similar to B. lesueur but differs in premolar shape, rostrum length, dentary proportions, and molar size gradient. In addition, it has a substantial mitochondrial cytochrome b pairwise distance of 9.6-12% relative to all other bettongs. The elevation of this recently extinct bettong to species status indicates that Australia's mammal extinction record over the past 2 centuries is even worse than currently accepted. Like other bettongs, B. anhydra probably excavated much of its food and may have performed valuable ecological services that improved soil structure and water infiltration and retention, as well as playing an important role in the dispersal of seeds and mycorrhizal fungal spores. All extant species of Bettongia have experienced extensive range contractions since European colonization and some now persist only on island refugia. The near total loss of these ecosystem engineers from the Australian landscape has far-reaching ecological implications. C1 [McDowell, Matthew C.; Prideaux, Gavin J.] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia. [Haouchar, Dalal; Bunce, Michael] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Trace & Environm DNA TrEnD Lab, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. [Aplin, Ken P.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Baynes, Alexander] Western Australian Museum, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Welshpool Dc, WA 6986, Australia. RP McDowell, MC (reprint author), Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia. EM matthew.mcdowell@flinders.edu.au FU Australian Research Council [FT0991741, FT130101728] FX We thank C. Johnson and C. Pavey for constructive comments on the submitted manuscript; C. Kemper, D. Stemmer, and M-A. Binnie for providing access to the mammal and palaeontology collections of the South Australian Museum; M. Siversson for access to the palaeontology collection of the Western Australian Museum; and T. Reardon of the South Australian Museum for providing access to and help with photographic equipment. MB and GJP are supported by Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT0991741 and FT130101728, respectively). NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD APR PY 2015 VL 96 IS 2 BP 287 EP 296 DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyv006 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CH7XG UT WOS:000354249300004 ER PT J AU Hayes, KA Burks, RL Castro-Vazquez, A Darby, PC Heras, H Martin, PR Qiu, JW Thiengo, SC Vega, IA Wada, T Yusa, Y Burela, S Cadierno, MP Cueto, JA Dellagnola, FA Dreon, MS Frassa, MV Giraud-Billoud, M Godoy, MS Ituarte, S Koch, E Matsukura, K Pasquevich, MY Rodriguez, C Saveanu, L Seuffert, ME Strong, EE Sun, J Tamburi, NE Tiecher, MJ Turner, RL Valentine-Darby, PL Cowie, RH AF Hayes, Kenneth A. Burks, Romi L. Castro-Vazquez, Alfredo Darby, Philip C. Heras, Horacio Martin, Pablo R. Qiu, Jian-Wen Thiengo, Silvana C. Vega, Israel A. Wada, Takashi Yusa, Yoichi Burela, Silvana Pilar Cadierno, M. Cueto, Juan A. Dellagnola, Federico A. Dreon, Marcos S. Victoria Frassa, M. Giraud-Billoud, Maximiliano Godoy, Martin S. Ituarte, Santiago Koch, Eduardo Matsukura, Keiichiro Yanina Pasquevich, M. Rodriguez, Cristian Saveanu, Lucia Seuffert, Maria E. Strong, Ellen E. Sun, Jin Tamburi, Nicolas E. Tiecher, Maria J. Turner, Richard L. Valentine-Darby, Patricia L. Cowie, Robert H. TI INSIGHTS FROM AN INTEGRATED VIEW OF THE BIOLOGY OF APPLE SNAILS (CAENOGASTROPODA: AMPULLARIIDAE) SO MALACOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE behavior; benthic macroinvertebrates; development; dormancy; ecology; evolution; freshwater; Gastropoda; immune system; invasive species; parasitology; reproduction; symbiosis ID POMACEA-CANALICULATA GASTROPODA; FRESH-WATER SNAIL; PILA-GLOBOSA SWAINSON; BUENOS-AIRES PROVINCE; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; GRANDE-DO-SUL; PATULA-CATEMACENSIS CAENOGASTROPODA; MARISA-CORNUARIETIS PROSOBRANCHIA; KITE ROSTRHAMUS-SOCIABILIS; A INDUCE SUPERFEMINIZATION AB Apple snails (Ampullariidae) are among the largest and most ecologically important freshwater snails. The introduction of multiple species has reinvigorated the field and spurred a burgeoning body of research since the early 1990s, particularly regarding two species introduced to Asian wetlands and elsewhere, where they have become serious agricultural pests. This review places these recent advances in the context of previous work, across diverse fields ranging from phylogenetics and biogeography through ecology and developmental biology, and the more applied areas of environmental health and human disease. The review does not deal with the role of ampullariids as pests, nor their control and management, as this has been substantially reviewed elsewhere. Despite this large and diverse body of research, significant gaps in knowledge of these important snails remain, particularly in a comparative framework. The great majority of the work to date concerns a single species, Pomacea canaliculata, which we see as having the potential to become a model organism in a wide range of fields. However, additional comparative data are essential for understanding this diverse and potentially informative group. With the rapid advances in genomic technologies, many questions, seemingly intractable two decades ago, can be addressed, and ampullariids will provide valuable insights to our understanding across diverse fields in integrative biology. C1 [Hayes, Kenneth A.] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Hayes, Kenneth A.; Matsukura, Keiichiro; Cowie, Robert H.] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Biosci Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hayes, Kenneth A.; Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Burks, Romi L.] Southwestern Univ, Dept Biol, Georgetown, TX 78626 USA. [Castro-Vazquez, Alfredo; Vega, Israel A.; Cueto, Juan A.; Dellagnola, Federico A.; Giraud-Billoud, Maximiliano; Godoy, Martin S.; Koch, Eduardo; Rodriguez, Cristian] Inst Fisiol FCM UNCuyo, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Castro-Vazquez, Alfredo; Vega, Israel A.; Cueto, Juan A.; Dellagnola, Federico A.; Giraud-Billoud, Maximiliano; Godoy, Martin S.; Koch, Eduardo; Rodriguez, Cristian] Lab Fisiol IHEM CONICET, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Darby, Philip C.] Univ W Florida, Dept Biol, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. [Heras, Horacio; Pilar Cadierno, M.; Dreon, Marcos S.; Victoria Frassa, M.; Ituarte, Santiago; Yanina Pasquevich, M.] Univ Nacl La Plata, CONICET, INIBIOLP, Fac Ciencias Med,Inst Invest Bioquim La Plata, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Martin, Pablo R.; Burela, Silvana; Saveanu, Lucia; Seuffert, Maria E.; Tamburi, Nicolas E.; Tiecher, Maria J.] Univ Nacl Sur, CONICET, INBIOSUR, Ecol Lab, RA-8000 Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Qiu, Jian-Wen; Sun, Jin] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Biol, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Thiengo, Silvana C.] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Lab Malacol, BR-21040900 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Vega, Israel A.] Univ Nacl Cuyo, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Area Biol, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Wada, Takashi; Matsukura, Keiichiro] NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agr Res Ctr, Kumamoto 8611192, Japan. [Yusa, Yoichi] Nara Womens Univ, Fac Sci, Nara 6308506, Japan. [Dreon, Marcos S.] Comis Invest Cient, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Turner, Richard L.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Valentine-Darby, Patricia L.] Pomacea Project Inc, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Hayes, KA (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Biol, 415 Coll St, Washington, DC 20059 USA. EM kenneth.hayes@howard.edu RI Cadierno, Maria Pilar/I-2222-2015; Thiengo, Silvana /I-2886-2015; Sun, Jin/C-1458-2010; OI Sun, Jin/0000-0001-8002-6881; Turner, Richard./0000-0003-0853-5360; Heras, Horacio/0000-0003-3379-0216; Rodriguez, Cristian/0000-0003-3289-4187; Qiu, Jian-Wen/0000-0002-1541-9627 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0949061, OISE-1130694]; Universidad Nacional del Sur [PGI 24B/185]; CONICET, Argentina [PIP 112 200901 00473, PIP 112 201101 00052]; ANPCyT, Argentina [PICT 2012-1956, PICT 2013-1190, PICT 2011-1428, PICT 2008-1865]; Universidad Nacional de la Plata [N-684]; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo FX The idea for this review originated at the 4th International Workshop on the Biology of Ampullariidae (POMACEA 2010), San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina (November 16-20, 2010), organized by Horacio Heras, Maria Gabriela Cuezzo and the late Beatriz C. Winik. Writing the review was supported by grants from: the U.S. National Science Foundation to R. H. Cowie, K. A. Hayes, S. C. Thiengo and E. E. Strong (DEB-0949061) and R. L. Burks, K. A. Hayes and R. H. Cowie (OISE-1130694); the Universidad Nacional del Sur to P. R. Martin (PGI 24B/185); CONICET, Argentina to P. R. Martin (PIP 112 200901 00473), A. Castro-Vazquez (PIP 112 201101 00052) and I. A. Vega (2012-2014); ANPCyT, Argentina to P. R. Martin (PICT 2012-1956), A. Castro-Vazquez (PICT 2013-1190) and H. Heras (PICT 2011-1428, PICT 2008-1865); the Universidad Nacional de la Plata (N-684) to H. Heras; and the Universidad Nacional de Cuyo to I. A. Vega, M. Giraud-Billoud and A. Castro-Vazquez. NR 547 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 22 PU INST MALACOL PI ANN ARBOR PA 2415 SOUTH CIRCLE DR, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0076-2997 EI 2168-9075 J9 MALACOLOGIA JI Malacologia PD APR PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1-2 BP 245 EP 302 PG 58 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI0GG UT WOS:000354414400009 ER PT J AU Herbert, GS Pio, MJ Pastorino, G Harasewych, MG Kantor, YI Lamy, D Pointier, JP AF Herbert, Gregory S. Jose Pio, Maria Pastorino, Guido Harasewych, M. G. Kantor, Yuri I. Lamy, Dominique Pointier, Jean-Pierre TI MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RADULA OF FOUR SPECIES OF THE NEOGASTROPOD FAMILY MURICIDAE SO MALACOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Muricidae; radula; teeth; development; ontogeny ID ONTOGENIC CHANGE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; EGG CAPSULES; GASTROPODA; CHARACTERS; MOLLUSCA; EMBRYOS AB Radular ontogenies of four species of the neogastropod family Muricidae are described through comparisons of early post-metamorphic and adult developmental stages, with specific focus on the rachidian (central) tooth. The degree of rachidian transformation during ontogeny varies from minor shape change to addition or loss of structural features important for assigning taxa to subfamilies. Changes include: flattening of the rachidian base and a switch from a short, beak-like to a long, flattened central cusp in the rapanine Stramonita biserialis; a switch from variable, asymmetric to regular, symmetric expression of inner lateral denticles in the basal muricid Timbellus phyllopterus; curvature of the rachidian base at the margins and separation of the pointed base endpoint from the radular membrane to form a marginal cusp in the muricine Chicoreus dilectus; and moderate straightening of the rachidian base in the ocenebrine Vokesinotus perrugatus. From these observations and previous work, we propose a plesiomorphic developmental sequence for the Muricidae and provide supporting evidence for the developmental origins of novel features of the muricid radula. C1 [Herbert, Gregory S.] Univ S Florida, Sch Geosci, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Jose Pio, Maria; Pastorino, Guido] Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Harasewych, M. G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Kantor, Yuri I.] Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia. [Lamy, Dominique] As Antilles Mollusques, Baie Mahault 97122, Guadeloupe. [Lamy, Dominique; Pointier, Jean-Pierre] EPHE, USR CNRS 3278, F-66860 Perpignan, France. RP Herbert, GS (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Sch Geosci, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM gherbert@usf.edu RI Kantor, Yuri/D-5259-2014 OI Kantor, Yuri/0000-0002-3209-4940 FU University of South Florida; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) of Argentina FX We gratefully acknowledge donation of the juvenile S. biserialis by E. A. Lazo-Wasem (Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University) and assistance with scanning electron microscopy from Fabian Tricarico (MACN). This work was supported by a grant from the University of South Florida to GSH and a fellowship from Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) of Argentina to MJP. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU INST MALACOL PI ANN ARBOR PA 2415 SOUTH CIRCLE DR, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0076-2997 EI 2168-9075 J9 MALACOLOGIA JI Malacologia PD APR PY 2015 VL 58 IS 1-2 BP 323 EP 336 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI0GG UT WOS:000354414400011 ER PT J AU Gomez-Ruiz, J Lopez-Guillen, G Barrera, JF Solis, AM Zamarripa-Colmenero, A AF Gomez-Ruiz, Jaime Lopez-Guillen, Guillermo Barrera, Juan F. Solis, Alma M. Zamarripa-Colmenero, Alfredo TI First record of Ectomyelois muriscis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on physic nut (Jatropha curcas), a biofuel plant SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Jatropha curcas; Ectomyelois muriscis; Host plant; Biodiesel; Chiapas ID PYRALOIDEA LEPIDOPTERA AB The natural infestation of fruits and stems of Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) by larvae of the pyralid moth Ectomyelois muriscis (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is reported for the first time. Populations of E. muriscis on J. curcas were observed in various parts of the state of Chiapas, southern Mexico. Feeding damage by larvae resulted in the destruction of J. curcas seeds. We conclude that this insect is a potential pest of J. curcas cultivation in this region. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gomez-Ruiz, Jaime; Barrera, Juan F.] El Colegio Frontera Sur, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. [Lopez-Guillen, Guillermo; Zamarripa-Colmenero, Alfredo] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Tuxtla Chico 30780, Chiapas, Mexico. [Solis, Alma M.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Solis, Alma M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Barrera, JF (reprint author), El Colegio Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2-5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. EM jbarrera@ecosur.mx RI Barrera, Juan/E-2212-2012; Gomez, Jaime/O-1717-2016 OI Barrera, Juan/0000-0002-8488-7782; Gomez, Jaime/0000-0002-9704-9761 FU Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion (SAGARPA) FX We thank Eladio Garcia, Eduardo Chame and Higinio Lopez (El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, ECOSUR) for technical assistance and Trevor Williams (Instituto de Ecologia, INECOL) for suggestions to improve the manuscript. This study was part of the project "Estudio de nuevas especies con potencial agro-energetic en Mexico" coordinated by Alfredo Zamarripa-Colmenero (Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias, INIFAP) and supported by Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentacion (SAGARPA). NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD APR PY 2015 VL 75 BP 150 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.02.018 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA CH0WW UT WOS:000353744100016 ER PT J AU Adams, RMM Jones, TH Longino, JT Weatherford, RG Mueller, UG AF Adams, Rachelle M. M. Jones, Tappey H. Longino, John T. Weatherford, Robert G. Mueller, Ulrich G. TI Alkaloid Venom Weaponry of Three Megalomyrmex Thief Ants and the Behavioral Response of Cyphomyrmex costatus Host Ants SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parasitism; Solenopsidini; Attini; Chemical defense; Semiochemical; Coevolution; Appeasement substance; Tolerance behavior ID FUNGUS-GROWING ANTS; FOREL HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA BUREN; LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; GENUS MEGALOMYRMEX; FIRE ANTS; POLYERGUS-RUFESCENS; PARASITE SYSTEM; SOCIAL PARASITE; MONOMORIUM AB Social parasites exploit other societies by invading and stealing resources. Some enter protected nests using offensive chemical weaponry made from alkaloid-based venom. We characterized the venoms of three Megalomyrmex thief ant species (M. mondabora, M. mondaboroides, and M. silvestrii) that parasitize the fungus-growing ants, and developed an ethogram to describe host ant reactions to raiding M. mondaboroides and M. silvestrii parasites. We compared piperidine, pyrrolidine, and pyrolizidine venom alkaloid structures with synthetic samples from previous studies, and describe the novel stereochemistry of trans 2-hexyl-5-[8-oxononyl]-pyrrolidine (3) from M. mondabora. We showed that workers of Cyphomyrmex costatus, the host of M. mondaboroides and M. silvestrii, react to a sting by Megalomyrmex parasites mainly with submissive behavior, playing dead or retreating. Host submission also followed brief antennal contact. The behavior of C. costatus ants observed in this study was similar to that of Cyphomyrmex cornutus, host of M. mondabora, suggesting that the alkaloidal venoms with pyrrolidines from M. mondabora, piperidines from M. mondaboroides, and pyrolizidines from M. silvestrii may function similarly as appeasement and repellent allomones against host ants, despite their different chemical structure. With the use of these chemical weapons, the Megalomyrmex thief ants are met with little host resistance and easily exploit host colony resources. C1 [Adams, Rachelle M. M.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Adams, Rachelle M. M.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Jones, Tappey H.; Weatherford, Robert G.] Virginia Mil Inst, Dept Chem, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. [Longino, John T.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Mueller, Ulrich G.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Adams, RMM (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM rmmadams@gmail.com FU Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship [237266]; National Science Foundation DDIG award [DEB-0508698, DEB-0072702]; VMI Chemistry Department FX We thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the Organization for Tropical Studies and La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica for providing facilities and logistical help; the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente y el Mar and Ministerio de Ambiente, Energia y Telecomunicaciones for permission to sample ants and to export them. We thank Rozlyn E. Haley for illustrations in Fig. 1. This work was funded by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship (237266 - ANCEPS) and National Science Foundation DDIG award DEB-0508698 to RMMA and DEB-0072702 (Project ALAS) to JTL. THJ acknowledges the support of the VMI Chemistry Department. Some collections and field assistance were generously provided by Janni Larson, Christian Peeters, Hermogenes Fernandez-Marin, Adam Kay, and Gaspar Bruner, while Janni Larson and Astrid Blok van Witteloostuijn cared for the live colonies. Phil Lester and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 41 IS 4 BP 373 EP 385 DI 10.1007/s10886-015-0565-y PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CI0CD UT WOS:000354402400006 PM 25833216 ER PT J AU Wagner, I Ganzhorn, JU Kalko, EKV Tschapka, M AF Wagner, Insa Ganzhorn, Joerg U. Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Tschapka, Marco TI Cheating on the mutualistic contract: nutritional gain through seed predation in the frugivorous bat Chiroderma villosum (Phyllostomidae) SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Feeding behaviour; Nutrient; Parasite; Mutualism; Fig-eating bat ID FRUIT-EATING BATS; ARTIBEUS-JAMAICENSIS; FIG; FOREST; FOOD; COMMUNITIES; CHIROPTERA; PATTERNS; NITROGEN; DENSITY AB Most frugivorous bats are efficient seed dispersers, as they typically do not damage seeds and transport them over long distances. In contrast, bats of the phyllostomid genus Chiroderma cheat fig trees by acting more as seed predators than as seed dispersers. The bats initially separate seeds from fruit pulp in the mouth. After extracting the juice from the fruit pulp, they thoroughly chew the seeds and spit out small seed fragments in a pellet. Consequently, the faeces contain almost no viable seeds. We compared the nutrient content of intact fig seeds with ejecta and faecal samples from both Chiroderma villosum and the 'conventional' frugivorous bat Artibeus watsoni. We show that C. villosum can extract nutrients from the seeds, especially protein and fat. The processing time of figs showed no significant difference between the two bat species. Food-choice experiments showed that C. villosum preferred fig species with more seeds over those with fewer seeds. This preference, in combination with the specialized seed-chewing behaviour, leads to an increased nutrient intake per fig. This unique strategy enables C. villosum to satisfy its nutritional requirements with a lower number of figs than other species, which decreases the amount of energy necessary for foraging flights as well as the predation risk during foraging. C1 [Wagner, Insa; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Ganzhorn, Joerg U.] Univ Hamburg, Anim Ecol & Conservat, Hamburg, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Wagner, I (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM insa.wagner@uni-ulm.de FU German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) [332 4 04 101, 332 4 04 102]; University of Ulm FX Financial support was provided by a fellowship from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) to I.W. [grant numbers 332 4 04 101 and 332 4 04 102]; additional funding came from the University of Ulm. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 EI 1477-9145 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 218 IS 7 BP 1016 EP 1021 DI 10.1242/jeb.114322 PG 6 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CH5YX UT WOS:000354113300015 PM 25833133 ER PT J AU Lefcheck, JS Byrnes, JEK Isbell, F Gamfeldt, L Griffin, JN Eisenhauer, N Hensel, MJS Hector, A Cardinale, BJ Duffy, JE AF Lefcheck, Jonathan S. Byrnes, Jarrett E. K. Isbell, Forest Gamfeldt, Lars Griffin, John N. Eisenhauer, Nico Hensel, Marc J. S. Hector, Andy Cardinale, Bradley J. Duffy, J. Emmett TI Biodiversity enhances ecosystem multifunctionality across trophic levels and habitats SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES; MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS; FUNCTIONAL-ROLE; FOOD-WEB; DIVERSITY; SERVICES; REDUNDANCY; IMPACTS AB The importance of biodiversity for the integrated functioning of ecosystems remains unclear because most evidence comes from analyses of biodiversity's effect on individual functions. Here we show that the effects of biodiversity on ecosystem function become more important as more functions are considered. We present the first systematic investigation of biodiversity's effect on ecosystem multifunctionality across multiple taxa, trophic levels and habitats using a comprehensive database of 94 manipulations of species richness. We show that species-rich communities maintained multiple functions at higher levels than depauperate ones. These effects were stronger for herbivore biodiversity than for plant biodiversity, and were remarkably consistent across aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Despite observed tradeoffs, the overall effect of biodiversity on multifunctionality grew stronger as more functions were considered. These results indicate that prior research has underestimated the importance of biodiversity for ecosystem functioning by focusing on individual functions and taxonomic groups. C1 [Lefcheck, Jonathan S.; Duffy, J. Emmett] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Byrnes, Jarrett E. K.; Hensel, Marc J. S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Isbell, Forest] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Gamfeldt, Lars] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Griffin, John N.] Swansea Univ, Dept Biosci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Eisenhauer, Nico] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Eisenhauer, Nico] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Hector, Andy] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England. [Cardinale, Bradley J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Duffy, J. Emmett] Smithsonian Inst, Tennenbaum Marine Observ Network, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lefcheck, JS (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. EM jslefche@vims.edu RI Eisenhauer, Nico/I-5932-2012; Hector, Andrew/H-4199-2011; iDiv, Deutsches Zentrum/B-5164-2016; OI Hector, Andrew/0000-0002-1309-7716; Lefcheck, Jonathan/0000-0002-8787-1786; Isbell, Forest/0000-0001-9689-769X; Eisenhauer, Nico/0000-0002-0371-6720 FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS Project) [12560]; NCEAS comes from University of California Santa Barbara; National Science Foundation; NSF [1050680]; VA SeaGrant [NA10OAR4170085]; VIMS Council, Dean's; Maury Fellowships; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig - German Research Foundation [FZT 118] FX We foremost thank the authors of the original data sets, without whom this effort would not be possible, particularly D. Tilman and P. Reich. We also thank K. Matulich for contributions to the original BEF database. This work was funded by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS Project 12560) to B.J.C., D.U. Hooper and J.E.D. Support for NCEAS comes from University of California Santa Barbara and the National Science Foundation. J.S.L. was additionally supported by NSF 1050680, VA SeaGrant NA10OAR4170085 and the VIMS Council, Dean's, and Maury Fellowships. Further support came from the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, funding by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118). This paper is Contribution No. 3445 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary. NR 45 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 27 U2 193 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD APR PY 2015 VL 6 AR 6936 DI 10.1038/ncomms7936 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0IZ UT WOS:000353704400005 PM 25907115 ER PT J AU Jansen, A Rick, T Lowery, D AF Jansen, Alex Rick, Torben Lowery, Darrin TI Reconciling cultural technologies, chronologies, and the rising tide at Fishing Bay, Maryland SO NORTH AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Coastal archaeology; marine transgression; Chesapeake Bay; artifact analysis; maritime adaptations ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; USA; ESTUARY; COAST AB The archaeological record of the Middle Atlantic and Chesapeake Bay spans some 13,000 years and provides insight into a variety of cultural and environmental issues in eastern North America. In this article, we present an analysis of a diverse assemblage of stone, ceramic, and bone artifacts recovered from a series of radiocarbon (C-14) dated Middle and Late Woodland shell middens on Fishing Bay, Maryland. Our analysis documents the technologies Native Americans used at Chesapeake Bay shell middens, illustrates congruence between C-14 dates on eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shell and associated artifacts technologies, and highlights the challenges posed by marine transgression for documenting and interpreting prehistory. Our work demonstrates the ways in which artifact analysis and C-14 dating can improve archaeological interpretation of the antiquity, diversity, and evolution of human occupation of coastal archaeological sites. C1 [Jansen, Alex; Rick, Torben; Lowery, Darrin] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Jansen, A (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alexjansen3@gmail.com NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0197-6931 EI 1541-3543 J9 N AM ARCHAEOL JI N. Am. Archaeol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 36 IS 2 BP 141 EP 164 DI 10.1177/0197693115570288 PG 24 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA CH7ZN UT WOS:000354255500003 ER PT J AU Jossart, Q Geyer, LB Lessios, HA AF Jossart, Quentin Geyer, Laura B. Lessios, H. A. TI Characterization of eight microsatellite loci for the sea urchin Meoma ventricosa (Spatangoida, Brissidae) through Next Generation Sequencing SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microsatellites; Echinoid; Caribbean; Tagged primer method; 454 method ID ECHINOIDEA; SOFTWARE AB Eight microsatellite loci were characterized for Meoma ventricosa (Lamarck, 1816), a burrowing sea urchin that can be afflicted by a bacterial disease causing localized mass mortality. For the analyzed population (29 individuals from St. Croix, US Virgin Islands), we observed 8.125 mean number of alleles, 0.640 mean observed heterozygosity (H-o) and 0.747 mean expected heterozygosity (H-e). Two loci showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Overall, the described loci were characterized by a moderately high level of polymorphism suggesting that these markers are useful for a population genetic study in the Caribbean Sea. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All. rights reserved. C1 [Jossart, Quentin] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Biol Marine Lab, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Jossart, Quentin] Univ Bourgogne, CNRS, UMR 6282, Biogeosci, F-21000 Dijon, France. [Geyer, Laura B.; Lessios, H. A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Jossart, Q (reprint author), Univ Libre Bruxelles, Biol Marine Lab, CP 160-15,50 Ave F Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. EM qjossart@ulb.ac.be FU FRIA-FNRS, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [1.E047.11F]; Federation Wallonie-Bruxelles [RS/CHK/AD/RM/JCD/BV 13-24]; FNRS [2011/V3/5/151-IB/JN-5430]; Conseil regional de Bourgogne [PARI 2012-0780] FX This work was supported by a PhD grant (FRIA-FNRS, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique 1.E047.11F), two travel grants (Federation Wallonie-Bruxelles RS/CHK/AD/RM/JCD/BV 13-24 and FNRS 2011/V3/5/151-IB/JN-5430) to Quentin Jossart as well as a grant from the Conseil regional de Bourgogne (PARI 2012-0780) for 454-sequencing. We thank Genome Quebec for their help in the first steps of development; Ligia Calderon for her inestimable help in this characterization; Giomar Borrero for helpful advice; Chantal De Ridder, Bruno David, Sebastien Motreuil and Jean-Philippe Marechal for assistance in sampling; C. De Ridder for comments on the manuscript. We also thank Thierry Rigaud and Remi Wattier for interesting discussions on molecular aspects of the work. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 EI 1873-2925 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 59 BP 100 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2015.01.013 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CH1AM UT WOS:000353753500015 ER PT J AU Snow, SS Field, DJ Musser, JM AF Snow, Samuel S. Field, Daniel J. Musser, Jacob M. TI Interspecific Competition in Grallaria Antpittas: Observations at a Feeder SO BULLETIN OF THE PEABODY MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Grallariidae; Jocotoco Antpitta; interspecific competition; playback experiments; endangered species; Tapichalaca AB We describe an aggressive interaction between the extremely rare Jocotoco Antpitta (Grallaria ridgelyi) and a close relative, the Chestnut-naped Antpitta (Grallaria nuchalis). Since first discovered in 1997, ecological information about the Jocotoco Antpitta has begun to accrue; however, much remains to be learned about this rare species in its limited native range. The observations described here advance our knowledge of the behavioral ecology of this elusive species and contribute more broadly to our knowledge of interspecific competition in antpittas in general. We show that in avian systems in which playback experiments fail to detect competition, competition may still be prevalent, in this case manifesting in a nonvocal, physically aggressive interaction. We also raise new questions about the potential for temporal variation in interspecific competition in grallariids due to increased resource demands during nestling provisioning. C1 [Snow, Samuel S.; Musser, Jacob M.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Snow, Samuel S.; Field, Daniel J.; Musser, Jacob M.] Yale Univ, Div Vertebrate Zool, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Field, Daniel J.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Field, Daniel J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Snow, SS (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, POB 208106, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM samuel.snow@yale.edu OI Snow, Samuel/0000-0003-2890-4717; Field, Daniel/0000-0002-1786-0352 FU Yale University; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council Canada; Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship; National Science Foundation [DGE-1122492] FX We would like to thank our friends at the Fundacion de Conservacion Jocotoco and the Tapichalaca Biological Reserve for their admirable work to conserve these fascinating birds. We would also like to thank Dr. Kristof Zyskowski of the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History and Dr. Harold Greeney of the Yanayacu Biological Station for reviewing this manuscript and providing many helpful comments. The authors acknowledge the following sources of funding: Yale University (Snow, Musser, and Field); National Sciences and Engineering Research Council Canada Graduate Scholarship D and Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship (to Field); and National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant no. DGE-1122492 (Snow and Musser). NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU PEABODY MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY-YALE UNIV PI NEW HAVEN PA 170 WHITNEY AVE, PO BOX 208118, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520-8118 USA SN 0079-032X EI 2162-4135 J9 B PEABODY MUS NAT HI JI Bull. Peabody Mus. Natl. Hist. PD APR PY 2015 VL 56 IS 1 BP 89 EP 93 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH4KW UT WOS:000354003400007 ER PT J AU Fauset, S Johnson, MO Gloor, M Baker, TR Monteagudo, A Brienen, RJW Feldpausch, TR Lopez-Gonzalez, G Malhi, Y ter Steege, H Pitman, NCA Baraloto, C Engel, J Petronelli, P Andrade, A Camargo, JLSC Laurance, SGW Laurance, WF Chave, J Allie, E Vargas, PN Terborgh, JW Ruokolainen, K Silveira, M Aymard, GA Arroyo, L Bonal, D Ramirez-Angulo, H Araujo-Murakami, A Neill, D Herault, B Dourdain, A Torres-Lezama, A Marimon, BS Salomao, RP Comiskey, JA Rejou-Mechain, M Toledo, M Licona, JC Alarcon, A Prieto, A Rudas, A van der Meer, PJ Killeen, TJ Marimon, BH Poorter, L Boot, RGA Stergios, B Torre, EV Costa, FRC Levis, C Schietti, J Souza, P Groot, N Arets, E Moscoso, VC Castro, W Coronado, ENH Pena-Claros, M Stahl, C Barroso, J Talbot, J Vieira, ICG van der Heijden, G Thomas, R Vos, VA Almeida, EC Davila, EA Aragao, LEOC Erwin, TL Morandi, PS de Oliveira, EA Valadao, MBX Zagt, RJ van der Hout, P Loayza, PA Pipoly, JJ Wang, O Alexiades, M Ceron, CE Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I Di Fiore, A Peacock, J Camacho, NCP Umetsu, RK de Camargo, PB Burnham, RJ Herrera, R Quesada, CA Stropp, J Vieira, SA Steininger, M Rodriiguez, CR Restrepo, Z Muelbert, AE Lewis, SL Pickavance, GC Phillips, OL AF Fauset, Sophie Johnson, Michelle O. Gloor, Manuel Baker, Timothy R. Monteagudo M, Abel Brienen, Roel J. W. Feldpausch, Ted R. Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela Malhi, Yadvinder ter Steege, Hans Pitman, Nigel C. A. Baraloto, Christopher Engel, Julien Petronelli, Pascal Andrade, Ana Camargo, Jose Lui S. C. Laurance, Susan G. W. Laurance, William F. Chave, Jerome Allie, Elodie Nunez Vargas, Percy Terborgh, John W. Ruokolainen, Kalle Silveira, Marcos Aymard C, Gerardo A. Arroyo, Luzmila Bonal, Damien Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro Neill, David Herault, Bruno Dourdain, Aurelie Torres-Lezama, Armando Marimon, Beatriz S. Salomao, Rafael P. Comiskey, James A. Rejou-Mechain, Maxime Toledo, Marisol Carlos Licona, Juan Alarcon, Alfredo Prieto, Adriana Rudas, Agustin van der Meer, Peter J. Killeen, Timothy J. Marimon Junior, Ben-Hur Poorter, Lourens Boot, Rene G. A. Stergios, Basil Vilanova Torre, Emilio Costa, Flavia R. C. Levis, Carolina Schietti, Juliana Souza, Priscila Groot, Nikee Arets, Eric Chama Moscoso, Victor Castro, Wendeson Honorio Coronado, Euridice N. Pena-Claros, Marielos Stahl, Clement Barroso, Jorcely Talbot, Joey Guimaraes Vieira, Ima Celia van der Heijden, Geertje Thomas, Raquel Vos, Vincent A. Almeida, Everton C. Alvarez Davila, Esteban Aragao, Luiz E. O. C. Erwin, Terry L. Morandi, Paulo S. de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida Valadao, Marco B. X. Zagt, Roderick J. van der Hout, Peter Loayza, Patricia Alvarez Pipoly, John J. Wang, Ophelia Alexiades, Miguel Ceron, Carlos E. Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau Di Fiore, Anthony Peacock, Julie Pallqui Camacho, Nadir C. Umetsu, Ricardo K. de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa Burnham, Robyn J. Herrera, Rafael Quesada, Carlos A. Stropp, Juliana Vieira, Simone A. Steininger, Marc Reynel Rodriguez, Carlos Restrepo, Zorayda Muelbert, Adriane Esquivel Lewis, Simon L. Pickavance, Georgia C. Phillips, Oliver L. TI Hyperdominance in Amazonian forest carbon cycling SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL FORESTS; RAIN-FOREST; EXPERIMENTAL DROUGHT; SPECIES COMPOSITION; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; BIOMASS; TREES; ALLOMETRY; PRODUCTIVITY; MORTALITY AB While Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, the abundance of trees is skewed strongly towards relatively few 'hyperdominant' species. In addition to their diversity, Amazonian trees are a key component of the global carbon cycle, assimilating and storing more carbon than any other ecosystem on Earth. Here we ask, using a unique data set of 530 forest plots, if the functions of storing and producing woody carbon are concentrated in a small number of tree species, whether the most abundant species also dominate carbon cycling, and whether dominant species are characterized by specific functional traits. We find that dominance of forest function is even more concentrated in a few species than is dominance of tree abundance, with only approximate to% of Amazon tree species responsible for 50% of carbon storage and productivity. Although those species that contribute most to biomass and productivity are often abundant, species maximum size is also influential, while the identity and ranking of dominant species varies by function and by region. C1 [Fauset, Sophie; Johnson, Michelle O.; Gloor, Manuel; Baker, Timothy R.; Brienen, Roel J. W.; Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela; Groot, Nikee; Talbot, Joey; Peacock, Julie; Muelbert, Adriane Esquivel; Lewis, Simon L.; Pickavance, Georgia C.; Phillips, Oliver L.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Monteagudo M, Abel] Prolongac Bolognesi Mze, Jardin Bot Missouri, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. [Monteagudo M, Abel; Nunez Vargas, Percy; Prieto, Adriana; Chama Moscoso, Victor; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau; Pallqui Camacho, Nadir C.] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Exeter Cusco 733, England. [Feldpausch, Ted R.; Aragao, Luiz E. O. C.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [Malhi, Yadvinder] Univ Oxford, Environm Change Inst, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [ter Steege, Hans] Nat Biodivers Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [ter Steege, Hans; Boot, Rene G. A.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Environm Biol, Ecol & Biodivers, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Pitman, Nigel C. A.] Field Museum, Sci & Educ, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Pitman, Nigel C. A.; Terborgh, John W.; Loayza, Patricia Alvarez] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Ctr Trop Conservat, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Baraloto, Christopher] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France. [Baraloto, Christopher] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Engel, Julien] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France. [Petronelli, Pascal; Herault, Bruno; Dourdain, Aurelie; Stahl, Clement] CIRAD, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France. [Andrade, Ana; Camargo, Jose Lui S. C.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Projeto Dinam Biol Fragmentos Florestais, BR-69080971 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Laurance, Susan G. W.; Laurance, William F.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Laurance, Susan G. W.; Laurance, William F.] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Chave, Jerome; Rejou-Mechain, Maxime] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR Evolut & Diversite Biol 5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Allie, Elodie] UAG, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou, France. [Ruokolainen, Kalle] Univ Turku, Dept Biol, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. [Silveira, Marcos] Univ Fed Acre, Museu Univ, BR-69910900 Rio Branco, Brazil. [Aymard C, Gerardo A.] Herbario Univ PORT, UNELLEZ Guanare, Programa Ciencias Agro & Mar, Mesa De Cavacas 3350, Estado Portugue, Venezuela. [Arroyo, Luzmila; Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Museo Hist Nat Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Bonal, Damien] INRA, UMR EEF, F-54280 Champenoux, France. [Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma; Torres-Lezama, Armando; Vilanova Torre, Emilio] Univ Los Andes, Fac Ciencias Forestales & Ambientales, Merida, Venezuela. [Neill, David] Univ Estatal Amazon, Fac Ingn Ambiental, Puyo, Ecuador. [Marimon, Beatriz S.; Marimon Junior, Ben-Hur; Morandi, Paulo S.; de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida; Valadao, Marco B. X.; Umetsu, Ricardo K.] Univ Estado Mato Grosso, BR-78690000 Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil. [Salomao, Rafael P.; Guimaraes Vieira, Ima Celia] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Comiskey, James A.] Natl Pk Serv, Northeast Reg Inventory & Monitoring Program, Fredericksburg, VA 22405 USA. [Toledo, Marisol; Carlos Licona, Juan; Alarcon, Alfredo; Pena-Claros, Marielos] Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Toledo, Marisol] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Fac Ciencias Agr, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Prieto, Adriana; Rudas, Agustin] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, Colombia. [van der Meer, Peter J.; Boot, Rene G. A.; Arets, Eric] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Alterra, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [van der Meer, Peter J.] Van Hall Larenstein Univ Appl Sci, NL-6880 GB Velp, Netherlands. [Killeen, Timothy J.] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Poorter, Lourens; Pena-Claros, Marielos] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Zagt, Roderick J.] Tropenbos Int, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, Netherlands. [Costa, Flavia R. C.; Levis, Carolina; Schietti, Juliana; Souza, Priscila; Quesada, Carlos A.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, BR-69080971 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Castro, Wendeson] Univ Fed Acre, Programa Posgrad Ecol & Manejo Recursos Nat, BR-69910900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil. [Honorio Coronado, Euridice N.] Inst Invest Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru. [Stahl, Clement] INRA, Res Unit Permanent Grasslands, UR 874, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Barroso, Jorcely] Univ Fed Acre, BR-69920900 Rio Branco, Brazil. [van der Heijden, Geertje] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [van der Heijden, Geertje] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Thomas, Raquel] Iwokrama Int Ctr Rainforest Conservat & Dev, Georgetown, Guyana. [Vos, Vincent A.] Univ Autonama Beni, Riberalta, Bolivia. [Vos, Vincent A.] Ctr Invest & Promoc Campesinado Norte Amazan, Riberalta, Bolivia. [Almeida, Everton C.] Univ Fed Oeste Para, Inst Biodiversidade & Floresta, BR-68035110 Santarem, PA, Brazil. [Alvarez Davila, Esteban; Restrepo, Zorayda] Jardin Bot Medellin, Serv Ecosistemicos & Cambio Climat, Medellin, Colombia. [Aragao, Luiz E. O. C.] Natl Inst Space Res, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Erwin, Terry L.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [van der Hout, Peter] Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, NL-3078 HP Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Pipoly, John J.] UF IFAS Broward Co Extens Educ, Davie, FL USA. [Wang, Ophelia] Univ Arizona, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Alexiades, Miguel] Univ Kent, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, Canterbury CT1 3EH, Kent, England. [Ceron, Carlos E.] Univ Cent Ecuador, Herbario Alfredo Paredes QAP, Quito, Ecuador. [Di Fiore, Anthony] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Anthropol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, BR-05508070 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Burnham, Robyn J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Herrera, Rafael] Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Ctr Ecol, Caracas, Venezuela. [Herrera, Rafael] Univ Politecn Valencia, DIHMA, ReforeST Grp, E-46022 Valencia, Spain. [Stropp, Juliana] European Commiss DG Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21010 Ispra, Italy. [Vieira, Simone A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Nucleo Estudos & Pesquisas Ambientais, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Steininger, Marc] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Reynel Rodriguez, Carlos] Univ Nacl Agr La Molina, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Lima, Peru. [Lewis, Simon L.] UCL, Dept Geog, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Fauset, S (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM s.fauset@leeds.ac.uk RI Castro, Wendeson/M-2768-2015; Arets, Eric/C-1050-2008; Marimon Junior, Ben Hur/E-7330-2013; Xavier Valadao, Marco Bruno/D-5929-2015; Feldpausch, Ted/D-3436-2009; Marimon, Beatriz/J-6389-2012; Vieira, Simone/H-1225-2011; icmol, icmol/I-5784-2015; Laurance, Susan/G-6021-2011; Honorio Coronado, Euridice/K-3412-2015; Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; ter Steege, Amaz/B-5866-2011 OI Castro, Wendeson/0000-0002-5592-9891; Arets, Eric/0000-0001-7209-9028; Allie, Elodie/0000-0001-8807-7982; Vos, Vincent Antoine/0000-0002-0388-8530; Lewis, Simon/0000-0002-8066-6851; Pallqui Camacho, Nadir Carolina /0000-0003-4596-0905; Herault, Bruno/0000-0002-6950-7286; Xavier Valadao, Marco Bruno/0000-0002-5917-4940; Feldpausch, Ted/0000-0002-6631-7962; Vieira, Simone/0000-0002-0129-4181; Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933; Honorio Coronado, Euridice/0000-0003-2314-590X; Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; ter Steege, Amaz/0000-0002-8738-2659 FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; European Union [283080, 282664]; European Union (ERC); Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency Grant; NERC Consortium Grant 'AMAZONICA' [NE/F005806/1]; NERC Consortium Grant 'TROBIT' [NE/D005590/1]; NERC Consortium Grant 'Niche evolution of South American trees' [NE/I028122/1]; Alwyn H. Gentry Forest Transect Dataset (Missouri Botanical Garden); PPBio network - PRONEX-FAPEAM/CNPq [1600/2006]; PPBio network - Hidroveg FAPESP/FAPEAM; PPBio network - Universal/CNPq [473308/2009-6]; PPBio network - INCT-CENBAM; PPBio Biota do Cerrado network (Fitogeografia da Transicao Amazonia/Cerrado CNPq) [457602/2012-0]; CNPq/PELD network (Transicao Amazonia/Cerrado) [403725/2012-7]; Investissement d'Avenir grants of the French ANR [CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-0025, TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041]; CNPq; NERC [NE/K01644X/1, NE/I021160/1]; ERC Advanced Grant; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award; EU FP7 project 'ROBIN' [283093]; Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs [KB-14-003-030] FX This paper is a product of the RAINFOR network, supported by a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant, the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (283080, 'GEOCARBON'; 282664, 'AMAZALERT'; ERC grant 'Tropical Forests in the Changing Earth System'), and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency Grant and NERC Consortium Grants 'AMAZONICA' (NE/F005806/1), 'TROBIT' (NE/D005590/1) and 'Niche evolution of South American trees' (NE/I028122/1). Additional data were included from the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring network (a collaboration between Conservation International, the Missouri Botanical Garden, the Smithsonian Institution and the Wildlife Conservation Society, and partly funded by these institutions, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and other donors), the Alwyn H. Gentry Forest Transect Dataset (Missouri Botanical Garden), the PPBio network (supported by PRONEX-FAPEAM/CNPq (1600/2006), Hidroveg FAPESP/FAPEAM, Universal/CNPq (473308/2009-6) and INCT-CENBAM), the PPBio Biota do Cerrado network (Fitogeografia da Transicao Amazonia/Cerrado CNPq 457602/2012-0), and the CNPq/PELD network (Transicao Amazonia/Cerrado 403725/2012-7). Additional data collection was funded by Investissement d'Avenir grants of the French ANR (CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-0025; TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041) and a productivity grant funded by CNPq to BHMJr and BSM. S.F., M.G., M.O.J., G.L.-G. and O.L.P. are partly funded by the NERC project grant 'ECOFOR' (grant ref: NE/K01644X/1). O.L.P. is supported by an ERC Advanced Grant and a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. R.J.W.B. is funded independently by a research fellowship from NERC (grant ref: NE/I021160/1). L.P., M.P.C. E.A., and M.T. are partially funded by the EU FP7 project 'ROBIN' (283093), with co-funding for E.A. from the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (KB-14-003-030). This is study 653 of the technical series of the BDFFP (INPA/STRI). The field data summarized here involve contributions from numerous field assistants and rural communities, many of whom have been specifically acknowledged in Mitchard et al. (2014, Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.). We also thank Jon Lloyd, Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, Olaf Banki, Paul Berry, Wemo Beitan, Lilian Blanc, Foster Brown, Alvaro Cogollo, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Massiel Corrales Medina, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Lola da Costa, Renske Ek, Washington Galiano, Rene Guillen Villaroel, Niro Higuchi, Eliana Jimenez, Antonio S. Lima, Joao Lima de Freitas Junior, Adriano Nogueira Lima, Casimiro Mendoza, Walter A. Palacios, Alexander Parada Gutierrez, Guido Pardo, Maria Cristina Penuela, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Victor Rojas, Anand Roopsind, Mario Saldias, James Singh, Daniel Soto, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Gorky Villa and Barbara Vinceti. We further thank those colleagues who contributed in many ways but who are no longer with us: Alwyn Gentry, Jean Pierre Veillon, Samuel Almeida, Sandra Patino and Raimundo Saraiva. NR 41 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 13 U2 80 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD APR PY 2015 VL 6 AR 6857 DI 10.1038/ncomms7857 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0IQ UT WOS:000353703400024 PM 25919449 ER PT J AU McIntosh, SW Leamon, RJ Krista, LD Title, AM Hudson, HS Riley, P Harder, JW Kopp, G Snow, M Woods, TN Kasper, JC Stevens, ML Ulrich, RK AF McIntosh, Scott W. Leamon, Robert J. Krista, Larisza D. Title, Alan M. Hudson, Hugh S. Riley, Pete Harder, Jerald W. Kopp, Greg Snow, Martin Woods, Thomas N. Kasper, Justin C. Stevens, Michael L. Ulrich, Roger K. TI The solar magnetic activity band interaction and instabilities that shape quasi-periodic variability SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; ROSSBY-WAVE DYNAMO; SUNSPOT AREAS; CYCLE; EVOLUTION; FEATURES; WIND; SUN; OSCILLATIONS; ATMOSPHERE AB Solar magnetism displays a host of variational timescales of which the enigmatic 11-year sunspot cycle is most prominent. Recent work has demonstrated that the sunspot cycle can be explained in terms of the intra-and extra-hemispheric interaction between the overlapping activity bands of the 22-year magnetic polarity cycle. Those activity bands appear to be driven by the rotation of the Sun's deep interior. Here we deduce that activity band interaction can qualitatively explain the 'Gnevyshev Gap'-a well-established feature of flare and sunspot occurrence. Strong quasi-annual variability in the number of flares, coronal mass ejections, the radiative and particulate environment of the heliosphere is also observed. We infer that this secondary variability is driven by surges of magnetism from the activity bands. Understanding the formation, interaction and instability of these activity bands will considerably improve forecast capability in space weather and solar activity over a range of timescales. C1 [McIntosh, Scott W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Leamon, Robert J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Krista, Larisza D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80205 USA. [Title, Alan M.] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Hudson, Hugh S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Riley, Pete] Predict Sci Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Harder, Jerald W.; Kopp, Greg; Snow, Martin; Woods, Thomas N.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Kasper, Justin C.; Stevens, Michael L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kasper, Justin C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ulrich, Roger K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Astron & Astrophys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP McIntosh, SW (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM mscott@ucar.edu OI Hudson, Hugh/0000-0001-5685-1283; Riley, Pete/0000-0002-1859-456X; McIntosh, Scott/0000-0002-7369-1776 FU NASA [NNX08AU30G, NNX08AL23G, NNM07AA01C-Hinode, NNG09FA40C-IRIS, NNX13AQ26G]; National Science Foundation FX S.W.M. was partly funded by NASA grants (NNX08AU30G, NNX08AL23G, NNM07AA01C-Hinode and NNG09FA40C-IRIS). J.C.K. and M.L.S. acknowledge the support of NASA grant NNX13AQ26G. SOHO is a project of an international collaboration between ESA and NASA. NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD APR PY 2015 VL 6 AR UNSP 6491 DI 10.1038/ncomms7491 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH0EW UT WOS:000353693200001 PM 25849045 ER PT J AU Peplowski, PN Lawrence, DJ Evans, LG Klima, RL Blewett, DT Goldsten, JO Murchie, SL Mccoy, TJ Nittler, LR Solomon, SC Starr, RD Weider, SZ AF Peplowski, Patrick N. Lawrence, David J. Evans, Larry G. Klima, Rachel L. Blewett, David T. Goldsten, John O. Murchie, Scott L. McCoy, Timothy J. Nittler, Larry R. Solomon, Sean C. Starr, Richard D. Weider, Shoshana Z. TI Constraints on the abundance of carbon in near-surface materials on Mercury: Results from the MESSENGER Gamma-Ray Spectrometer SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Geochemistry ID NORTH POLAR-REGION; NEUTRON SPECTROMETER; LUNAR PROSPECTOR; VOLATILES; VOLCANISM; EVOLUTION; REGOLITH; ELEMENTS; FLYBY AB Mercury's low surface reflectance and the low surface abundances of iron and titanium have led to the suggestion that carbon (C) may serve as the dominant darkening agent on Mercury's surface. Estimates of the amount of carbon required to achieve the observed surface darkening are within the sensitivity range of measurements by MESSENGER's Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (GRS). We use GRS measurements to constrain the C content of Mercury's surface, the first such use of gamma-ray spectroscopy data. Our methodology includes techniques for removing background contributions to the measured signal and is broadly applicable to any gamma-ray spectroscopy dataset. The measured C content for Mercury's surface, 1.4 +/- 0.9 wt%, is consistent with 0-4.1 wt% C at the three-standard-deviation level and therefore does not represent a definitive detection of C at the surface. Possible mechanisms for providing up to 4.1 wt% C on Mercury's surface include primordial and exogenous sources. Additional measurements at low altitude made with MESSENGER's Neutron Spectrometer can yield further constraints on the C content of Mercury's surface. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Peplowski, Patrick N.; Lawrence, David J.; Klima, Rachel L.; Blewett, David T.; Goldsten, John O.; Murchie, Scott L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Evans, Larry G.] Comp Sci Corp, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [McCoy, Timothy J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Nittler, Larry R.; Solomon, Sean C.; Weider, Shoshana Z.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Solomon, Sean C.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Starr, Richard D.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Peplowski, PN (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM Patrick.Peplowski@jhuapl.edu RI Murchie, Scott/E-8030-2015; Blewett, David/I-4904-2012; Peplowski, Patrick/I-7254-2012; Klima, Rachel/H-9383-2012; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015 OI Murchie, Scott/0000-0002-1616-8751; Blewett, David/0000-0002-9241-6358; Peplowski, Patrick/0000-0001-7154-8143; Klima, Rachel/0000-0002-9151-6429; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667 FU NASA Discovery Program [NAS5-97271, NASW-00002]; MESSENGER Participating Scientist Program FX We thank the entire MESSENGER team for their invaluable contributions in the development and operation of the MESSENGER spacecraft. We also thank Robert Reedy for providing cross-section data and for engaging in enlightening conversations regarding their validity and application. Kathleen Vander Kaaden and Robert Reedy provided constructive comments on an earlier version of this paper. The MESSENGER mission is supported by the NASA Discovery Program under contract NAS5-97271 to The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and NASW-00002 to the Carnegie Institution of Washington. LGE, DTB, and DJL acknowledge support from the MESSENGER Participating Scientist Program. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 108 BP 98 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.pss.2015.01.008 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CH0TX UT WOS:000353736400010 ER PT J AU Balaguera-Reina, SA Venegas-Anaya, M Sanjur, OI Lessios, HA Densmore, LD AF Balaguera-Reina, Sergio A. Venegas-Anaya, Miryam Imperio Sanjur, Oris Lessios, Harilaos A. Densmore, Llewellyn D., III TI Reproductive Ecology and Hatchling Growth Rates of the American Crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) on Coiba Island, Panama SO SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Working Meeting of the Crocodile-Specialist-Group CY MAY, 2014 CL Lake Charles, LA SP Crocodile Specialist Grp DE Conservation; Habitat; Hatching success; Nest-site selection; Parental care ID NESTING ECOLOGY; CONSERVATION; POPULATION; REPTILIA; BIOLOGY; POROSUS; FLORIDA; BELIZE AB We assessed the reproductive ecology of the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) on Coiba Island, Panama from January-December 2013. We examined nest site characteristics from January-April and hatchling survivorship from April-December. Ten nests were examined at three nesting localities where 30% of the nests were found under forest canopies and 70% were exposed to sunlight (distance to nearest tree = 280 +/- 110 cm). Half of the nests were built closer to the sea and the other half closer to bodies of freshwater (700 +/- 360 cm). The nest dimensions were 17.5 +/- 7.8 cm from the top of the clutch to the surface, 42.9 +/- 9.9 cm from the bottom of the clutch to the surface, and 35.9 +/- 3.6 cm wide at the top of the nest cavity. The average soil conditions in the nests consistently had high concentrations of potassium (69.3 mL/L) and manganese (9.2 mg/L), moderate concentrations of phosphorus (6.6 mg/L) and iron (3.7 mg/L), and low concentrations of zinc (0.5 mg/L) and copper (0.0 mL/L). Cation exchange capacity showed consistently high concentrations of calcium (2.2 cmol/kg), moderate of magnesium (1.1 cmol/kg), and low in aluminum (0.1 cmol/L). Volumetric water content was about 25.0 +/- 2.6% at the bottom and 22.8 +/- .3% in the middle of the clutches. Hatching success was 88.9%, of which 68.3% hatched by themselves or with the mother's aid and 20.6% hatched with our aid. Mean size of the mother was 219 +/- 6.2 cm total length (TL) and 115.9 +/- 3.0 cm snout-vent length (SVL). The incubation period was estimated to be 85-88 days. TL and SVL growth rate of those individuals were 0.03-0.16 cm/day and 0.00-0.09 cm/day, respectively. Population size was estimated to be 218.6 hatchlings in 22.4 km(2); the hatchling population declined 65.7% after the first 2 months (May and June) and 95.9% by July, leaving only 0.5% remaining by December. This is the first study to assess nest-site characteristics and estimate hatchling survival in a Pacific population of American crocodiles. C1 [Balaguera-Reina, Sergio A.; Venegas-Anaya, Miryam; Densmore, Llewellyn D., III] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Venegas-Anaya, Miryam; Imperio Sanjur, Oris; Lessios, Harilaos A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Balaguera-Reina, SA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM sergio.balaguera-reina@ttu.edu FU Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia; Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; AERONAVAL (Panama); Texas Tech University; IUCN/SSC/Crocodile Specialist Group FX We thank our sponsors: Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, AERONAVAL (Panama), Texas Tech University and the IUCN/SSC/Crocodile Specialist Group. We also thank Betzaida Rivera, Italo Arbelaez, Jhon Gaitan, Tatiana Rincon, Tatiana Nino, and Valeria Beltran for their help in the field and Paulina Velez, Stephen Roussos, Dr. Nancy McIntyre, and Dr. Richard Stevens for their comments to improve the manuscript. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 30 PU SOC BRASILEIRA HERPETOLOGIA PI SAO PAULO PA C/O HUSSAM ZAHER, RECEIVING EDITOR, MUSEU ZOOLOGIA UNIV SAO PAULO, AVENIDA NAZARE, 481 IPIRANGA, SAO PAULO, SP 04263-000, BRAZIL SN 1808-9798 J9 S AM J HERPETOL JI South Am. J. Herpetol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 10 IS 1 BP 10 EP 22 DI 10.2994/SAJH-D-14-00024.1 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CH1JL UT WOS:000353777500003 ER PT J AU Rick, TC AF Rick, Torben C. TI Climate Change Archaeology: Building Resilience from Research in the World's Coastal Wetlands SO AMERICAN ANTIQUITY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Rick, Torben C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Rick, TC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC AMER ARCHAEOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 900 SECOND ST., NE STE 12, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-3557 USA SN 0002-7316 EI 2325-5064 J9 AM ANTIQUITY JI Am. Antiq. PD APR PY 2015 VL 80 IS 2 BP 417 EP 418 PG 2 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA CG1XS UT WOS:000353070100013 ER PT J AU Barnard, R Primini, F Garcia, MR Kolb, UC Murray, SS AF Barnard, R. Primini, F. Garcia, M. R. Kolb, U. C. Murray, S. S. TI XMM-NEWTON AND CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF THE M31 GLOBULAR CLUSTER BLACK HOLE CANDIDATE XB135: A HEAVYWEIGHT CONTENDER CUT DOWN TO SIZE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE globular clusters: general; globular clusters: individual(B135); stars: black holes; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general ID X-RAY BINARIES; EXTRAGALACTIC Z-SOURCE; Z-TRACK; LMC X-2; STAR; PHOTOMETRY; M-31; EVOLUTION; DISCOVERY; SPECTRA AB CXOM31 J004252.030+413107.87 is one of the brightest X-ray sources within the D-25 region of M31, and associated with a globular cluster known as B135; we therefore call this X-ray source XB135. XB135 is a lowmass X-ray binary (LMXB) that apparently exhibited hard state characteristics at 0.3-10 keV luminosities 4-6 x 10(38) erg s(-1), and the hard state is only observed below similar to 10% Eddington. If true, the accretor would be a high-mass black hole (BH) (greater than or similar to 50 M-circle dot); such a BH may be formed from direct collapse of a metal-poor, high-mass star, and the very low metallicity of B135 (0.015 Z(circle dot)) makes such a scenario plausible. We have obtained new XMM-Newton and Chandra HRC observations to shed light on the nature of this object. We find from the HRC observation that XB135 is a single point source located close to the center of B135. The new XMM-Newton spectrum is consistent with a rapidly spinning similar to 10-20 M-circle dot BH in the steep power law or thermal dominant state, but inconsistent with the hard state that we previously assumed. We cannot formally reject three component emission models that have been associated with high luminosity neutron star (NS) LMXBs (known as Z-sources); however, we prefer a BH accretor. We note that deeper observation of XB135 could discriminate against an NS accretor. C1 [Barnard, R.; Primini, F.; Garcia, M. R.; Murray, S. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys CFA, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kolb, U. C.] Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Murray, S. S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Barnard, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys CFA, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Primini, Francis/0000-0002-6077-0643 FU NASA ROSES-ADA [NNX13AE79G]; Chandra grant [GO3-14028X]; ESA member states; US (NASA) FX We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments, which led to a significantly improved paper. This work was supported by the NASA ROSES-ADA grant NNX13AE79G, and the Chandra grant GO3-14028X. This research has made use of data from XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA member states and the US (NASA). We also include analysis of proprietary data from the NASA Chandra X-ray observatory plus data obtained from the Chandra data archive, and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC). NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 85 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/85 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500013 ER PT J AU Cisternas, M Sheth, K Salvato, M Knapen, JH Civano, F Santini, P AF Cisternas, Mauricio Sheth, Kartik Salvato, Mara Knapen, Johan H. Civano, Francesca Santini, Paola TI THE ROLE OF BARS IN AGN FUELING IN DISK GALAXIES OVER THE LAST SEVEN BILLION YEARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: structure ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SIMILAR-TO 2; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; BARRED SPIRAL GALAXIES; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; BLACK-HOLE GROWTH; HOST GALAXIES; MOLECULAR GAS; HIGH-REDSHIFT; INACTIVE GALAXIES AB We present empirical constraints on the influence of stellar bars on the fueling of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) out to z = 0.84 using a sample of X-ray-selected AGNs hosted in luminous non-interacting face-on and moderately inclined disk galaxies from the Chandra COSMOS survey. Using high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope imaging to identify bars, we find that the fraction of barred active galaxies displays a similar behavior as that of inactive spirals, declining with redshift from 71% at z similar to 0.3, to 35% at z similar to 0.8. With active galaxies being typically massive, we compare them against a mass-matched sample of inactive spirals and show that, while at face value the AGN bar fraction is slightly higher at all redshifts, we cannot rule out that the bar fractions of active and inactive galaxies are the same. The presence of a bar has no influence on the AGN strength, with barred and unbarred active galaxies showing equivalent X-ray luminosity distributions. From our results, we conclude that the occurrence and the efficiency of the fueling process is independent of the large scale structure of a galaxy. The role of bars, if any, may be restricted to providing the suitable conditions for black hole fueling to occur, i.e., bring a fresh supply of gas to the central 100 pc. At the high-redshift end, we find that roughly 60% of active disk galaxies are unbarred. We speculate this to be related with the known dynamical state of disks at higher redshifts-more gas-rich and prone to instabilities than local spirals-which could also lead to gas inflows without the need of bars. C1 [Cisternas, Mauricio; Knapen, Johan H.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. [Cisternas, Mauricio; Knapen, Johan H.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. [Sheth, Kartik] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Salvato, Mara] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Civano, Francesca] Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Civano, Francesca] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Santini, Paola] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. RP Cisternas, M (reprint author), Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. EM mauricio@iac.es OI Santini, Paola/0000-0002-9334-8705 FU DAGAL network from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme FP7 under REA grant [PITN-GA-2011-289313]; Spanish MINECO [AYA2013-41243]; NASA grant [GO3-14150C] FX Anton Koekemoer for useful comments, and the anonymous referee for a constructive report. We gratefully acknowledge the COSMOS bars team for providing the original classifications, and the contributions of the entire COSMOS collaboration consisting of more than 100 scientists. More information about the COSMOS survey is available at http://cosmos.astro.caltech.edu. J.H.K. acknowledges financial support to the DAGAL network from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/ under REA grant agreement number PITN-GA-2011-289313, and from the Spanish MINECO under grant number AYA2013-41243 P. F.C. acknowledges financial support by NASA grant GO3-14150C. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 75 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 137 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/137 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500065 ER PT J AU Hsieh, TH Lai, SP Belloche, A Wyrowski, F Hung, CL AF Hsieh, Tien-Hao Lai, Shih-Ping Belloche, Arnaud Wyrowski, Friedrich Hung, Chao-Ling TI PROPERTIES OF THE MOLECULAR CORES OF LOW LUMINOSITY OBJECTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; ISM: molecules; radio lines: ISM; stars: low-mass; stars: protostars ID 1ST HYDROSTATIC CORE; SPITZER C2D SURVEY; NEARBY DENSE CORES; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; EVOLVED STARLESS CORE; PROTO-BROWN DWARF; PROTOSTELLAR CORES; INFALL MOTIONS; LINE-PROFILES; DEUTERIUM FRACTIONATION AB We present a survey toward 16 low luminosity objects (LLOs with an internal luminosity, Lint, lower than 0.2 L-circle dot) with N2H+ (1-0), N2H+ (3-2), N2D+ (3-2), HCO+ (3-2), and HCN (3-2) using the Arizona Radio Observatory Kitt Peak 12 m Telescope and Submillimeter Telescope. Our goal is to probe the nature of these faint protostars which are believed to be either very low mass or extremely young protostars. We find that the N2D+/N2H+ column density ratios of LLOs are similar to those of typical starless cores and Class 0 objects. The N2D+/N2H+ column density ratios are relatively high (>0.05) for LLOs with kinetic temperatures less than 10 K in our sample. The distribution of N2H+ (1-0) line widths spreads between that of starless cores and young Class 0 objects. If we use the line width as a dynamic evolutionary indicator, LLOs are likely young Class 0 protostellar sources. We further use the optically thick tracers, HCO+ (3-2) and HCN (3-2), to probe the infall signatures of our targets. We derive the asymmetry parameters from both lines and estimate the infall velocities by fitting the HCO+ (3-2) spectra with two-layer models. As a result, we identify eight infall candidates based on the infall velocities and seven candidates have infall signatures supported by asymmetry parameters from at least one of HCO+ (3-2) and HCN (3-2). C1 [Hsieh, Tien-Hao; Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Hsieh, Tien-Hao; Belloche, Arnaud; Wyrowski, Friedrich] Max Planck Inst Radioastron MPIfR, Bonn, Germany. [Hung, Chao-Ling] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hung, Chao-Ling] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hsieh, TH (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. EM shawinchone@gmail.com; slai@phys.nthu.edu.tw FU Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan [NSC 101-2119-M-007-004, MOST 102-2119-M-007-004-MY3]; MOST [MOST 103-2917-I-007-005] FX T.H.H. and S.P.L. acknowledge support from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan with grants NSC 101-2119-M-007-004 and MOST 102-2119-M-007-004-MY3. T.H.H thanks MOST for granting him the PhD exchange student award (MOST 103-2917-I-007-005) to visit MPIfR from 2014 February to 2015 January, and is also indebted to the Prof. Dr. Karl M. Menten for providing opportunity for his visit to MPIfR. NR 81 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 126 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/126 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500054 ER PT J AU Johnson, LC Seth, AC Dalcanton, JJ Wallace, ML Simpson, RJ Lintott, CJ Kapadia, A Skillman, ED Caldwell, N Fouesneau, M Weisz, DR Williams, BF Beerman, LC Gouliermis, DA Sarajedini, A AF Johnson, L. Clifton Seth, Anil C. Dalcanton, Julianne J. Wallace, Matthew L. Simpson, Robert J. Lintott, Chris J. Kapadia, Amit Skillman, Evan D. Caldwell, Nelson Fouesneau, Morgan Weisz, Daniel R. Williams, Benjamin F. Beerman, Lori C. Gouliermis, Dimitrios A. Sarajedini, Ata TI PHAT STELLAR CLUSTER SURVEY. II. ANDROMEDA PROJECT CLUSTER CATALOG SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; galaxies: individual (M31); galaxies: star clusters: general ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUDS; SPACE-TELESCOPE SURVEY; STAR-CLUSTERS; DISRUPTION MECHANISMS; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; YOUNG CLUSTERS; GALAXY ZOO; MILKY-WAY; M31 AB We construct a stellar cluster catalog for the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT) survey using image classifications collected from the Andromeda Project citizen science website. We identify 2753 clusters and 2270 background galaxies within similar to 0.5 deg(2) of PHAT imaging searched, or similar to 400 kpc(2) in deprojected area at the distance of the Andromeda Galaxy (M31). These identifications result from 1.82 million classifications of similar to 20,000 individual images (totaling similar to 7 gigapixels) by tens of thousands of volunteers. We show that our crowd-sourced approach, which collects >80 classifications per image, provides a robust, repeatable method of cluster identification. The high spatial resolution Hubble Space Telescope images resolve individual stars in each cluster and are instrumental in the factor of similar to 6 increase in the number of clusters known within the survey footprint. We measure integrated photometry in six filter passbands, ranging from the near-UV to the near-IR. PHAT clusters span a range of similar to 8 magnitudes in F475W (g-band) luminosity, equivalent to similar to 4 decades in cluster mass. We perform catalog completeness analysis using >3000 synthetic cluster simulations to determine robust detection limits and demonstrate that the catalog is 50% complete down to similar to 500M(circle dot) for ages <100 Myr. We include catalogs of clusters, background galaxies, remaining unselected candidates, and synthetic cluster simulations, making all information publicly available to the community. The catalog published here serves as the definitive base data product for PHAT cluster science, providing a census of star clusters in an L-star spiral galaxy with unmatched sensitivity and quality. C1 [Johnson, L. Clifton; Dalcanton, Julianne J.; Fouesneau, Morgan; Weisz, Daniel R.; Williams, Benjamin F.; Beerman, Lori C.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Seth, Anil C.; Wallace, Matthew L.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Simpson, Robert J.; Lintott, Chris J.] Oxford Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Kapadia, Amit] Adler Planetarium, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Skillman, Evan D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Caldwell, Nelson] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gouliermis, Dimitrios A.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Gouliermis, Dimitrios A.] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Inst Theoret Astrophys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Sarajedini, Ata] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Johnson, LC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM lcjohnso@astro.washington.edu OI Seth, Anil/0000-0003-0248-5470; Gouliermis, Dimitrios/0000-0002-2763-0075; Johnson, Lent/0000-0001-6421-0953 FU NASA from the Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-GO-12055]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA through Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF-51331.01]; German Research Foundation [GO 1659/3-1]; Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica (ASIAA); Taiwan's Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) FX We owe a great debt of gratitude to the similar to 30,000 AP volunteers who made this work possible. Their contributions are acknowledged individually at http://www.andromedaproject.org/#!/authors. In addition, we acknowledge the collective efforts of the Zooniverse team and members of the PHAT collaboration for their assistance throughout the project. We thank the anonymous referee for a prompt and helpful report. We also thank Phil Marshall for insightful discussions. Support for this work was provided by NASA through grant number HST-GO-12055 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. DRW is supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-51331.01 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute. D.A.G. kindly acknowledges financial support by the German Research Foundation through grant GO 1659/3-1. We acknowledges the Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica (ASIAA) and Taiwan's Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) for support of the Citizen Science in Astronomy Workshop. Some of the data presented in this paper NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 127 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/127 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500055 ER PT J AU Mann, RK Andrews, SM Eisner, JA Williams, JP Meyer, MR Di Francesco, J Carpenter, JM Johnstone, D AF Mann, Rita K. Andrews, Sean M. Eisner, Josh A. Williams, Jonathan P. Meyer, Michael R. Di Francesco, James Carpenter, John M. Johnstone, Doug TI PROTOPLANETARY DISK MASSES IN THE YOUNG NGC 2024 CLUSTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; protoplanetary disks; stars: formation; stars: pre-main sequence ID ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST DISKS; T-TAURI STARS; PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; RHO-OPHIUCHI; NGC-2024; PHOTOEVAPORATION; PROPLYDS AB We present the results from a Submillimeter Array survey of the 887 mu m continuum emission from the protoplanetary disks around 95 young stars in the young cluster NGC 2024. Emission was detected from 22 infrared sources, with flux densities from similar to 5 to 330 mJy; upper limits (at 3 sigma) for the other 73 sources range from 3 to 24 mJy. For standard assumptions, the corresponding disk masses range from similar to 0.003 to 0.2 M-circle dot, with upper limits at 0.002-0.01 M-circle dot. The NGC 2024 sample has a slightly more populated tail at the high end of its disk mass distribution compared to other clusters, but without more information on the nature of the sample hosts it remains unclear if this difference is statistically significant or a superficial selection effect. Unlike in the Orion Trapezium, there is no evidence for a disk mass dependence on the (projected) separation from the massive star IRS 2b in the NGC 2024 cluster. We suggest that this is due to either the cluster youth or a comparatively weaker photoionizing radiation field. C1 [Mann, Rita K.; Di Francesco, James; Johnstone, Doug] Natl Res Council Canada, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Andrews, Sean M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Eisner, Josh A.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Williams, Jonathan P.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Meyer, Michael R.] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Di Francesco, James; Johnstone, Doug] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Carpenter, John M.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Mann, RK (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, 5071 W Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. EM rita.mann@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca OI Johnstone, Doug/0000-0002-6773-459X; Williams, Jonathan/0000-0001-5058-695X; Di Francesco, James/0000-0002-9289-2450 FU Smithsonian Institution; Academica Sinica FX We thank the referee for a very helpful review. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Submillimeter Astrophysical Observatory and the Academica Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academica Sinica. NR 61 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 77 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/77 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500005 ER PT J AU Mashian, N Sturm, E Sternberg, A Janssen, A Hailey-Dunsheath, S Fischer, J Contursi, A Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Gracia-Carpio, J Poglitsch, A Veilleux, S Davies, R Genzel, R Lutz, D Tacconi, L Verma, A Weiss, A Polisensky, E Nikola, T AF Mashian, N. Sturm, E. Sternberg, A. Janssen, A. Hailey-Dunsheath, S. Fischer, J. Contursi, A. Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Gracia-Carpio, J. Poglitsch, A. Veilleux, S. Davies, R. Genzel, R. Lutz, D. Tacconi, L. Verma, A. Weiss, A. Polisensky, E. Nikola, T. TI HIGH-J CO SLEDs IN NEARBY INFRARED BRIGHT GALAXIES OBSERVED BY HERSCHEL/PACS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: starburst ID MOLECULAR INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; LUMINOSITY IRAS GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; GALACTIC GAMMA-RAYS; SEYFERT 2 GALAXY; NGC 1068; STAR-FORMATION; ARP 220; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SPIRE SPECTROSCOPY AB We report the detection of far-infrared (FIR) CO rotational emission from nearby active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and starburst galaxies, as well as several merging systems and Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs). Using the Herschel Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS), we have detected transitions in the J(upp) = 14-30 range. The PACS CO data obtained here provide the first reference of well-sampled FIR extragalactic CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) for this range. We find a large range in the overall SLED shape, even among galaxies of similar type, demonstrating the uncertainties in relying solely on high-J CO diagnostics to characterize the excitation source of a galaxy. Combining our data with low-J line intensities taken from the literature, we present a CO ratio-ratio diagram and discuss its value in distinguishing excitation sources and physical properties of the molecular gas. The position of a galaxy on such a diagram is less a signature of its excitation mechanism, than an indicator of the presence of warm, dense molecular gas. We then quantitatively analyze the CO emission from a subset of the detected sources with single-component and two-component large velocity gradient (LVG) radiative transfer models to fit the CO SLEDs. From these fits we derive the molecular gas mass and the corresponding CO-to-H-2 conversion factor, alpha(CO), for each respective source. For the ULIRGs we find a values in the canonical range 0.4-5M(circle dot) (K km s(-1) pc(2))(-1), while for the other objects, alpha varies between 0.2 and 14. Finally, we compare our best-fit LVG model results with previous studies of the same galaxies and comment on any differences. C1 [Mashian, N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sturm, E.; Janssen, A.; Contursi, A.; Gracia-Carpio, J.; Poglitsch, A.; Davies, R.; Genzel, R.; Lutz, D.; Tacconi, L.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Mashian, N.; Sternberg, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Hailey-Dunsheath, S.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Fischer, J.; Polisensky, E.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Verma, A.] Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Weiss, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron MPIfR, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Nikola, T.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Mashian, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nmashian@physics.harvard.edu OI Poglitsch, Albrecht/0000-0002-6414-9408; Fischer, Jacqueline/0000-0001-6697-7808 FU Raymond and Beverly Sackler Tel Aviv University-Harvard Astronomy Program; DFG [STE1869/1-1.GE625/15-1]; US ONR; NHSC; Leverhulme Trust; NASA [1427277, 1454738]; BMVIT (Austria); ESA-PRODEX (Belgium); CEA/CNES (France); DLR (Germany); ASI/INAF (Italy); CICYT/MCYT (Spain); National Science Foundation [DGE1144152] FX N.M. is supported by the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Tel Aviv University-Harvard Astronomy Program. We thank the DFG for support via German-Israeli Project Cooperation grant STE1869/1-1.GE625/15-1. Basic research in IR astronomy at NRL is funded by the US ONR; J.F. also acknowledges support from the NHSC. E.G-A is a Research Associate at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. A.V. thanks the Leverhulme Trust for a Research Fellowship. S.V. also acknowledges partial support from NASA through Herschel grants 1427277 and 1454738. PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAF-IFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT (Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI/INAF (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant No. DGE1144152. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 81 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/81 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500009 ER PT J AU Yee, JC Udalski, A Novati, SC Gould, A Carey, S Poleski, R Gaudi, BS Pogge, RW Skowron, J Kozlowski, S Mroz, P Pietrukowicz, P Pietrzynski, G Szymanski, MK Soszynski, I Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L AF Yee, J. C. Udalski, A. Novati, S. Calchi Gould, A. Carey, S. Poleski, R. Gaudi, B. S. Pogge, R. W. Skowron, J. Kozlowski, S. Mroz, P. Pietrukowicz, P. Pietrzynski, G. Szymanski, M. K. Soszynski, I. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. TI FIRST SPACE-BASED MICROLENS PARALLAX MEASUREMENT OF AN ISOLATED STAR: SPITZER OBSERVATIONS OF OGLE-2014-BLG-0939 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: micro ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; GALACTIC BULGE; MACHO PARALLAXES; PROPER MOTIONS; MASS; EVENTS; SATELLITE; PLANET; MOA-2011-BLG-293LB; SYSTEMS AB We present the first space-based microlens parallax measurement of an isolated star. From the striking differences in the lightcurve as seen from Earth and from Spitzer (similar to 1 AU to the west), we infer a projected velocity (v) over tilde (hel) similar to 250 km s(-1), which strongly favors a lens in the Galactic Disk with mass M = 0.23 +/- 0.07 M-circle dot and distance D-L = 3.1 +/- 0.4 kpc. An ensemble of such measurements drawn from our ongoing program could be used to measure the single-lens mass function including dark objects, and also is necessary for measuring the Galactic distribution of planets since the ensemble reflects the underlying Galactic distribution of microlenses. We study the application of the many ideas to break the four-fold degeneracy first predicted by Refsdal 50 years ago. We find that this degeneracy is clearly broken, but by two unanticipated mechanisms: a weak constraint on the orbital parallax from the ground-based data and a definitive measurement of the source proper motion. C1 [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Udalski, A.; Poleski, R.; Skowron, J.; Kozlowski, S.; Mroz, P.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Pietrzynski, G.; Szymanski, M. K.; Soszynski, I.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Novati, S. Calchi] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Novati, S. Calchi] Ist Int Alti Studi Sci, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Gould, A.; Poleski, R.; Gaudi, B. S.; Pogge, R. W.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Carey, S.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Pietrzynski, G.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. [Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. RP Yee, JC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; OI Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Pogge, Richard/0000-0003-1435-3053 FU JPL grant [1500811]; NASA [NNX12AB99G]; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme / ERC [246678]; NSF [AST 1103471]; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education program [IP2011 043571] FX Work by JCY, AG, and SC was supported by JPL grant 1500811. Work by JCY was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. The OGLE project has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement No. 246678 to AU. AG and BSG were supported by NSF grant AST 1103471. AG, BSG, and RWP were supported by NASA grant NNX12AB99G. RP was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education program Iuventus Plus award No. IP2011 043571. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR 76 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/2/76 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG1DZ UT WOS:000353014500004 ER PT J AU Becker, JC Johnson, JA Vanderburg, A Morton, TD AF Becker, Juliette C. Johnson, John Asher Vanderburg, Andrew Morton, Timothy D. TI EXTRACTING RADIAL VELOCITIES OF A- AND B-TYPE STARS FROM ECHELLE SPECTROGRAPH CALIBRATION SPECTRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; methods: data analysis; techniques: radial velocities ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; SPECKLE OBSERVATIONS; BINARY STARS; SHORT-PERIOD; MULTIPLICITY; COMPANIONS; PLANETS; EXOPLANETS; DWARFS; SAMPLE AB We present a technique to extract radial velocity (RV) measurements from echelle spectrograph observations of rapidly rotating stars (V sin i greater than or similar to 50 km s(-1)). This type of measurement is difficult because the line widths of such stars are often comparable to the width of a single echelle order. To compensate for the scarcity of lines and Doppler information content, we have developed a process that forward-models the observations, fitting the RV shift of the star for all echelle orders simultaneously with the echelle blaze function. We use our technique to extract RV measurements from a sample of rapidly rotating A-and B-type stars used as calibrator stars observed by the California Planet Survey observations. We measure absolute RVs with a precision ranging from 0.5-2.0 km s(-1) per epoch for more than 100 A-and B-type stars. In our sample of 10 well-sampled stars with RV scatter in excess of their measurement uncertainties, three of these are single-lined binaries with long observational baselines. From this subsample, we present detections of two previously unknown spectroscopic binaries and one known astrometric system. Our technique will be useful in measuring or placing upper limits on the masses of sub-stellar companions discovered by wide-field transit surveys, and conducting future spectroscopic binarity surveys and Galactic space-motion studies of massive and/or young, rapidly rotating stars. C1 [Becker, Juliette C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Becker, Juliette C.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Johnson, John Asher; Vanderburg, Andrew] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Morton, Timothy D.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Becker, JC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 South Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM jcbecker@umich.edu OI Becker, Juliette/0000-0002-7733-4522 FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE 1256260, DGE 1144152]; Alain Porter Memorial SURF Fellowship; David and Lucile Packard; Alfred P. Sloan Foundations; W.M. Keck Foundation FX We thank Emily Rauscher for her careful review of the manuscript and helpful suggestions. J.B. thanks Philip Muirhead for useful conversations and Iryna Butsky for useful comments on the manuscript. We thank the referee, Davide Gandolfi, for his extremely helpful suggestions that led to a vastly improved paper, as well as his suggestions for future directions to take this work. J.B. and A.V. are supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, Grants No. DGE 1256260 and DGE 1144152, respectively. J.B. would like to thank Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Adelman for providing funding for her 2012 Alain Porter Memorial SURF Fellowship, during which this research was begun. J.A.J. is supported by generous grants from the David and Lucile Packard and Alfred P. Sloan Foundations. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System, the SIMBAD database and VizieR catalog access tool, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. The data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD APR PY 2015 VL 217 IS 2 AR 29 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/29 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG8GK UT WOS:000353545100010 ER PT J AU Mullally, F Coughlin, JL Thompson, SE Rowe, J Burke, C Latham, DW Batalha, NM Bryson, ST Christiansen, J Henze, CE Ofir, A Quarles, B Shporer, A Van Eylen, V Van Laerhoven, C Shah, Y Wolfgang, A Chaplin, WJ Xie, JW Akeson, R Argabright, V Bachtell, E Barclay, T Borucki, WJ Caldwell, DA Campbell, JR Catanzarite, JH Cochran, WD Duren, RM Fleming, SW Fraquelli, D Girouard, FR Haas, MR Helminiak, KG Howell, SB Huber, D Larson, K Gautier, TN Jenkins, JM Li, J Lissauer, JJ McArthur, S Miller, C Morris, RL Patil-Sabale, A Plavchan, P Putnam, D Quintana, EV Ramirez, S Aguirre, VS Seader, S Smith, JC Steffen, JH Stewart, C Stober, J Still, M Tenenbaum, P Troeltzsch, J Twicken, JD Zamudio, KA AF Mullally, F. Coughlin, Jeffrey L. Thompson, Susan E. Rowe, Jason Burke, Christopher Latham, David W. Batalha, Natalie M. Bryson, Stephen T. Christiansen, Jessie Henze, Christopher E. Ofir, Aviv Quarles, Billy Shporer, Avi Van Eylen, Vincent Van Laerhoven, Christa Shah, Yash Wolfgang, Angie Chaplin, W. J. Xie, Ji-Wei Akeson, Rachel Argabright, Vic Bachtell, Eric Barclay, Thomas Borucki, William J. Caldwell, Douglas A. Campbell, Jennifer R. Catanzarite, Joseph H. Cochran, William D. Duren, Riley M. Fleming, Scott W. Fraquelli, Dorothy Girouard, Forrest R. Haas, Michael R. Helminiak, Krzysztof G. Howell, Steve B. Huber, Daniel Larson, Kipp Gautier, Thomas N., III Jenkins, Jon M. Li, Jie Lissauer, Jack J. McArthur, Scot Miller, Chris Morris, Robert L. Patil-Sabale, Anima Plavchan, Peter Putnam, Dustin Quintana, Elisa V. Ramirez, Solange Aguirre, V. Silva Seader, Shawn Smith, Jeffrey C. Steffen, Jason H. Stewart, Chris Stober, Jeremy Still, Martin Tenenbaum, Peter Troeltzsch, John Twicken, Joseph D. Zamudio, Khadeejah A. TI PLANETARY CANDIDATES OBSERVED BY KEPLER. VI. PLANET SAMPLE FROM Q1-Q16 (47 MONTHS) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; eclipses; planetary systems ID SYSTEMATIC-ERROR CORRECTION; POTENTIAL TRANSIT SIGNALS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; EARTH-SIZED PLANET; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; 1ST 12 QUARTERS; ECLIPSING BINARIES; LIGHT-CURVE; HABITABLE ZONE; INPUT CATALOG AB We present the sixth catalog of Kepler candidate planets based on nearly four years of high precision photometry. This catalog builds on the legacy of previous catalogs released by the Kepler project and includes 1493 new Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) of which 554 are planet candidates, and 131 of these candidates have best-fit radii < 1.5 R-circle plus. This brings the total number of KOIs and planet candidates to 7348 and 4175 respectively. We suspect that many of these new candidates at the low signal-to-noise ratio limit may be false alarms created by instrumental noise, and discuss our efforts to identify such objects. We re-evaluate all previously published KOIs with orbital periods of >50 days to provide a consistently vetted sample that can be used to improve planet occurrence rate calculations. We discuss the performance of our planet detection algorithms, and the consistency of our vetting products. The full catalog is publicly available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive. C1 [Mullally, F.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Thompson, Susan E.; Rowe, Jason; Burke, Christopher; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Catanzarite, Joseph H.; Huber, Daniel; Jenkins, Jon M.; Li, Jie; Morris, Robert L.; Quintana, Elisa V.; Seader, Shawn; Smith, Jeffrey C.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Twicken, Joseph D.] NASA, SETI, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Latham, David W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Batalha, Natalie M.; Bryson, Stephen T.; Henze, Christopher E.; Borucki, William J.; Haas, Michael R.; Howell, Steve B.; Lissauer, Jack J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Christiansen, Jessie; Akeson, Rachel; Ramirez, Solange] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ofir, Aviv] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Ofir, Aviv] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Quarles, Billy] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Shporer, Avi] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Van Eylen, Vincent; Chaplin, W. J.; Aguirre, V. Silva] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Van Laerhoven, Christa] Dept Planetary Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Shah, Yash] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wolfgang, Angie] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Chaplin, W. J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Xie, Ji-Wei] Nanjing Univ, Minist Educ, Astron & Astrophys, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Argabright, Vic; Bachtell, Eric; Larson, Kipp; Miller, Chris; Putnam, Dustin; Stewart, Chris; Stober, Jeremy; Troeltzsch, John] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Barclay, Thomas; Still, Martin] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, BAERI, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Patil-Sabale, Anima; Zamudio, Khadeejah A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Wyle Labs, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Cochran, William D.] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Cochran, William D.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Duren, Riley M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Fleming, Scott W.; Fraquelli, Dorothy] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Comp Sci Corp, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Girouard, Forrest R.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Orbital Sci Corp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Helminiak, Krzysztof G.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Huber, Daniel] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, SIfA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Plavchan, Peter] Dept Phys Astron & Mat Sci, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Steffen, Jason H.] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res & Explorat Astron CIERA, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Mullally, F (reprint author), NASA, SETI, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM fergal.mullally@nasa.gov RI Helminiak, Krzysztof/N-6385-2015; OI Helminiak, Krzysztof/0000-0002-7650-3603; Fleming, Scott/0000-0003-0556-027X FU NASAs Science Mission Directorate; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX13AC07G]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]; ASTERISK project (ASTER-oseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) - European Research Council [267864] FX Funding for this Discovery mission is provided by NASAs Science Mission Directorate. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. We thank the Exoplanet Archive staff for their efforts in supporting the Kepler pipeline data products. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant agreement No. DNRF106). The research is supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTER-oseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (grant agreement No. 267864). NR 97 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 6 U2 22 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD APR PY 2015 VL 217 IS 2 AR 31 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/31 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG8GK UT WOS:000353545100012 ER PT J AU Sharp, KH Sneed, JM Ritchie, KB Mcdaniel, L Paul, VJ AF Sharp, K. H. Sneed, J. M. Ritchie, K. B. Mcdaniel, L. Paul, V. J. TI Induction of Larval Settlement in the Reef Coral Porites astreoides by a Cultivated Marine Roseobacter Strain SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL ASSOCIATIONS; POCILLOPORA-MEANDRINA; INVERTEBRATE LARVAE; GENE-TRANSFER; BACTERIA; METAMORPHOSIS; RECRUITMENT; BIOFILMS; MACROALGAE; SURVIVAL AB Successful larval settlement and recruitment by corals is critical for the survival of coral reef ecosystems. Several closely related strains of gamma-proteobacteria have been identified as cues for coral larval settlement, but the inductive properties of other bacterial taxa naturally occurring in reef ecosystems have not yet been explored. In this study, we assayed bacterial strains representing taxonomic groups consistently detected in corals for their ability to influence larval settlement in the coral Porites astreoides. We identified one gamma-proteobacterial strain, Roseivivax sp. 46E8, which significantly increased larval settlement in P. astreoides. Logarithmic growth phase (log phase) cell cultures of Roseivivax sp. 46E8 and filtrates (0.22 mu m) from log phase Roseivivax sp. 46E8 cultures significantly increased settlement, suggesting that an extracellular settlement factor is produced during active growth phase. Filtrates from log phase cultures of two other bacterial isolates, Marinobacter sp. 46E3, and Cytophaga sp. 46B6, also significantly increased settlement, but the cell cultures themselves did not. Monospecific biofilms of the three strains did not result in significant increases in larval settlement. Organic and aqueous/methanol extracts of Roseivivax sp. 46E8 cultures did not affect larval settlement. Examination of filtrates from cell cultures showed that Roseivivax sp. 46E8 spontaneously generated virus-like particles in log and stationary phase growth. Though the mechanism of settlement enhancement by Roseivivax sp. 46E8 is not yet elucidated, our findings point to a new aspect of coral-Roseobacter interactions that should be further investigated, especially in naturally occurring, complex microbial biofilms on reef surfaces. C1 [Sharp, K. H.] Eckerd Coll, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA. [Sneed, J. M.; Paul, V. J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Ritchie, K. B.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Mcdaniel, L.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Sharp, KH (reprint author), Eckerd Coll, 4200 54th Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA. EM sharpkh@eckerd.edu FU Goelet Charitable Trust; Florida Protect Our Reefs (POR) [POR 2010-29]; Florida POR [POR 2010-17]; Dart Foundation; Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science FX KHS was supported by the Goelet Charitable Trust. The authors are grateful for the Florida Protect Our Reefs (POR) funding to KHS, KBR, JMS, VJP (POR 2010-29); Florida POR funding to LM and KBR (POR 2010-17), Dart Foundation funding to KBR, and the Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science to VJP and JMS. Dr. Stephen Box provided guidance and assistance on the statistical analysis. We thank Erich Bartels and Cory Walter (Mote Tropical Research Lab) for field support. Symbiodinium cultures were provided by T. LaJeunesse, Pennsylvania State University. Corals were collected under permits FKNMS-2009-031 (KBR); FKNMS-2010-080-A1 (KBR); FKNMS-2010-023 (VJP); and FKNMS-2013-021 (VJP). This is contribution #987 from Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 15 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0006-3185 EI 1939-8697 J9 BIOL BULL-US JI Biol. Bull. PD APR PY 2015 VL 228 IS 2 BP 98 EP 107 PG 10 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CG8PC UT WOS:000353569700002 PM 25920713 ER PT J AU Figueira, L Tella, JL Camargo, UM Ferraz, G AF Figueira, Luiza Tella, Jose L. Camargo, Ulisses M. Ferraz, Goncalo TI Autonomous sound monitoring shows higher use of Amazon old growth than secondary forest by parrots SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Environmental changes; Multi-state occupancy; Imperfect detection; Psittacidae; Relative brain size ID ATLANTIC FOREST; TROPICAL FORESTS; HABITAT USE; BRAIN SIZE; OCCUPANCY ESTIMATION; CONSERVATION; EVOLUTION; FUTURE; BIRDS; BIODIVERSITY AB Forest regeneration may reduce the current loss of species due to tropical deforestation, but little is known about the extent and inter-specific variability of this effect. We compared the probability with which nine parrot species use old-growth and secondary forests in a similar to 400 km(2) Amazonian landscape, while considering two types of habitat use: perching and flyover use. Perching use, when individuals stop at a sampling site, implies resting, foraging, or breeding activities; flyover merely implies that parrots fly through, above the canopy at a site. We established 155 sampling sites spanning old growth and approximately 30-year-old secondary forest, and sampled them repeatedly using autonomous audio recorders. Perching and flyover use were distinguished based on the temporal variation of intensity in parrot vocalization sonograms. We modeled our data with a set of species-specific, multi-state occupancy models that estimate the probability of each type of use for both habitats while accounting for imperfect species detection. Models were fit in a maximum likelihood framework and ranked according to the Akaike information criterion. All but one species fly over both habitats with the same probability, while seven out of nine show a higher probability of perching in old growth than in secondary forest. Interspecific variation in response to habitat change was not explained by variation in body mass or relative brain size. After three decades of forest regeneration in our study area, there are still measurable differences in habitat use, with a broad tendency for parrots to favor old growth over secondary forest. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Figueira, Luiza; Ferraz, Goncalo] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Figueira, Luiza; Ferraz, Goncalo] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazdnia, Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Figueira, Luiza; Ferraz, Goncalo] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazdnia, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Tella, Jose L.] CSIC, Dept Conservat Biol, Estn Biol Donana, Seville, Spain. [Camargo, Ulisses M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Biosci, Metapopulat Res Grp, Helsinki, Finland. [Ferraz, Goncalo] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Ecol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Ferraz, G (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Ecol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RI Tella, Jose/I-3707-2015; CSIC, EBD Donana/C-4157-2011; OI Tella, Jose/0000-0002-3038-7424; CSIC, EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602; Moliterno de Camargo, Ulisses/0000-0002-3718-3344 FU Smithsonian Centre for Tropical Forest Science; Amazonas State 'FAPEAM' FX The Smithsonian Centre for Tropical Forest Science and the Amazonas State 'FAPEAM' supported the costs of fieldwork and equipment. Neither institution participated directly or indirectly in the design of the study or in the writing of the research report. NR 69 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD APR PY 2015 VL 184 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.12.020 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG1BE UT WOS:000353007200004 ER PT J AU Loss, SR Loss, SS Will, T Marra, PP AF Loss, Scott R. Loss, Sara S. Will, Tom Marra, Peter P. TI Linking place-based citizen science with large-scale conservation research: A case study of bird-building collisions and the role of professional scientists SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Bird-building collisions; Citizen science; Data-intensive science; Public participation in scientific research; Window collisions ID ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH; TOOL; MORTALITY; BIODIVERSITY; CHALLENGES; CANADA; EBIRD AB A primary benefit of incorporating public participation in scientific research is the increased ability to use data from multiple localities to address conservation research and management objectives that span national, continental, and even global scales. Although the importance of incorporating data from local citizen science programs into large-scale research has been widely recognized, there has been relatively little discussion of specific steps that will facilitate this bridging of scales. We use the example of bird collisions with buildings in North America an issue for which the majority of data have been collected by citizen science programs that each operate in a different city to outline simple study design and data collection steps that will ensure that data can contribute to large-scale research syntheses. We also describe how taking a scientific approach to defining research questions and hypotheses at the beginning of a study will: (1) result in a high level of rigor throughout the scientific cycle, most notably at the critical stage when programs formulate study design and data collection protocols, and (2) produce results that effectively inform local policy and management decisions while also contributing to large-scale science. Given the funding and staffing limitations of citizen science programs, we argue that the responsibility is with professional conservation scientists to reach out to programs and provide feedback that assists them in bridging local and large scales. These collaborations will expand the collective contribution of citizens to conservation science and management. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Loss, Scott R.; Loss, Sara S.; Marra, Peter P.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Will, Tom] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds, Midwest Reg Off, Bloomington, MN 55437 USA. RP Loss, SR (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 008C Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM scott.loss@okstate.edu; sara.loss@okstate.edu; tom_will@fws.gov; marrap@si.edu FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Smithsonian Institution's Postdoctoral Fellowship program FX We thank the building collision monitoring programs that contributed data, responded to inquiries, and provided feedback on analyses and suggested best practices. We specifically thank K. Brand (Lights Out Winston-Salem, Forsyth County Audubon Society & Audubon North Carolina), A. Duren (Lights Out Columbus, Ohio Bird Conservation Initiative & Grange Insurance Audubon Center), M. Coolidge (Bird Safe Portland, Audubon Society of Portland), S. Diehl and C. Sharlow-Schaefer (Wisconsin Night Guardians, Wisconsin Humane Society), D. Collister (Calgary Fatal Light Awareness Program, Calgary Bird Banding Society), J. Eckles, K. Nichols, and R. Zink (Project Bird Safe Minnesota, Audubon Minnesota & University of Minnesota), S. Elbin and A. Palmer (Project Safe Flight New York, New York Audubon), D. Gorney (Lights Out Indy, Amos W. Butler Audubon Society), A. Lewis and L. Fuisz (Lights Out DC, City Wildlife), M. Mesure (Fatal Light Awareness Program - Canada), W. Olson (Lights Out Baltimore, Baltimore Bird Club), A. Prince (Chicago Bird Collision Monitors, Chicago Audubon Society), and K. Russell (Audubon Pennsylvania). C. Sheppard provided a list of building collision monitoring programs. J. Rutter and R. Schneider provided assistance with data validation and analysis, and S. Hager, D. Klem, C. Machtans, T. O'Connell, and C. Wedeles provided perspectives and insight on bird-building collisions. S.R.L. was initially supported by a postdoctoral fellowship funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Smithsonian Institution's Postdoctoral Fellowship program. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 60 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD APR PY 2015 VL 184 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.02.023 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CG1BE UT WOS:000353007200048 ER PT J AU DeLuca, WV Woodworth, BK Rimmer, CC Marra, PP Taylor, PD McFarland, KP Mackenzie, SA Norris, DR AF DeLuca, William V. Woodworth, Bradley K. Rimmer, Christopher C. Marra, Peter P. Taylor, Philip D. McFarland, Kent P. Mackenzie, Stuart A. Norris, D. Ryan TI Transoceanic migration by a 12 g songbird SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Ocean; blackpoll warbler; geolocator; Setophaga striata ID BLACKPOLL WARBLERS; AUTUMN MIGRATION; ROUTE; BIRDS AB Many fundamental aspects of migration remain a mystery, largely due to our inability to follow small animals over vast spatial areas. For more than 50 years, it has been hypothesized that, during autumn migration, blackpoll warblers (Setophaga striata) depart northeastern North America and undertake a non-stop flight over the Atlantic Ocean to either the Greater Antilles or the northeastern coast of South America. Using miniaturized light-level geolocators, we provide the first irrefutable evidence that the blackpoll warbler, a 12 g boreal forest songbird, completes an autumn transoceanic migration ranging from 2270 to 2770 km (mean +/- s.d.: 2540 +/- 257) and requiring up to 3 days (62 h +/- 10) of non-stop flight. This is one of the longest non-stop overwater flights recorded for a songbird and confirms what has long been believed to be one of the most extraordinary migratory feats on the planet. C1 [DeLuca, William V.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Woodworth, Bradley K.; Norris, D. Ryan] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Rimmer, Christopher C.; McFarland, Kent P.] Vermont Ctr Ecostudies, Norwich, VT 05055 USA. [Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Taylor, Philip D.] Acadia Univ, Dept Biol, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada. [Mackenzie, Stuart A.] Bird Studies Canada, Long Point Bird Observ, Port Rowan, ON N0E1M0, Canada. RP DeLuca, WV (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM wdeluca@eco.umass.edu FU Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center; University of Guelph; Norcross Wildlife Foundation; Vermont Monitoring Cooperative; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council; Bird Studies Canada FX This work was funded by the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center (P.P.M.), University of Guelph (D.R.N.) and grants from the Norcross Wildlife Foundation (C.C.R., K.P.M), Vermont Monitoring Cooperative (C.C.R., K.P.M.), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (D.R.N, P.D.T) and Bird Studies Canada. NR 23 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 46 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 11 IS 4 AR UNSP 20141045 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2014.1045 PG 4 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CG5QV UT WOS:000353349400004 PM 25832815 ER PT J AU Halfwerk, W Slabbekoorn, H AF Halfwerk, Wouter Slabbekoorn, Hans TI Pollution going multimodal: the complex impact of the human-altered sensory environment on animal perception and performance SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE sensory ecology; multimodal; anthropogenic pollution; animal communication ID ANTHROPOGENIC NOISE; ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION; TRAFFIC NOISE; BEHAVIOR; FROG; RESPONSES; SIGNALS; SUCCESS; FOREST AB Anthropogenic sensory pollution is affecting ecosystems worldwide. Human actions generate acoustic noise, emanate artificial light and emit chemical substances. All of these pollutants are known to affect animals. Most studies on anthropogenic pollution address the impact of pollutants in unimodal sensory domains. High levels of anthropogenic noise, for example, have been shown to interfere with acoustic signals and cues. However, animals rely on multiple senses, and pollutants often co-occur. Thus, a full ecological assessment of the impact of anthropogenic activities requires a multimodal approach. We describe how sensory pollutants can co-occur and how covariance among pollutants may differ from natural situations. We review how animals combine information that arrives at their sensory systems through different modalities and outline how sensory conditions can interfere with multimodal perception. Finally, we describe how sensory pollutants can affect the perception, behaviour and endocrinology of animals within and across sensory modalities. We conclude that sensory pollution can affect animals in complex ways due to interactions among sensory stimuli, neural processing and behavioural and endocrinal feedback. We call for more empirical data on covariance among sensory conditions, for instance, data on correlated levels in noise and light pollution. Furthermore, we encourage researchers to test animal responses to a full-factorial set of sensory pollutants in the presence or the absence of ecologically important signals and cues. We realize that such approach is often time and energy consuming, but we think this is the only way to fully understand the multimodal impact of sensory pollution on animal performance and perception. C1 [Halfwerk, Wouter] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Halfwerk, Wouter] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Halfwerk, Wouter; Slabbekoorn, Hans] Leiden Univ, Inst Biol, NL-2300 Leiden, Netherlands. RP Halfwerk, W (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM wouter.halfwerk@gmail.com NR 69 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 27 U2 80 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 11 IS 4 AR UNSP 20141051 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2014.1051 PG 7 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CG5QV UT WOS:000353349400006 PM 25904319 ER PT J AU Pawson, DL Nizinski, MS Ames, CL Pawson, DJ AF Pawson, David L. Nizinski, Martha S. Ames, Cheryl Lewis Pawson, Doris J. TI Deep-sea echinoids and holothurians (Echinodermata) near cold seeps and coral communities in the northern Gulf of Mexico SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; WATER LOPHELIA-PERTUSA; GIBBS FRACTURE-ZONE; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; HYDROCARBON SEEP; PACIFIC-OCEAN; HOLOTHUROIDEA; GENUS; SYNALLACTIDAE; URCHINS AB Seven National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and United States Geological Survey expeditions employed manned submersibles or remotely operated vehicles to explore deep-sea coral and cold seep habitats in the northern central Gulf of Mexico continental slope, off Mississippi and Louisiana. Ten species of echinoids and 21 species of holothurians were collected and/or documented by still photography or videography in a relatively small area, in depths of 309-2549 m. New information on ecology, behavior, and distribution of echinoids and holothurians is provided. A new genus name is proposed to replace Meseres Ludwig, 1893, which is preoccupied. Myriotrochus ahearnae, a new species of apodous myriotrochid holothurian, is described. C1 [Pawson, David L.; Ames, Cheryl Lewis; Pawson, Doris J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Nizinski, Martha S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ames, Cheryl Lewis] Univ Maryland, Biol Sci Grad Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Pawson, DL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM pawsond@si.edu FU Department of Interior, US Geological Survey through USGS Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine Environments Program's Outer Continental Shelf Studies: Lophelia II: Rigs, Reefs and Wrecks [05HQAG0009, 05HQAG0099, 5099HS0013]; NOAA National Undersea Research Center at UNCW FX We thank the captains and ship crews (NOAA ship NANCY FOSTER, R/V SEWARD JOHNSON, R/V CAPE HATTERAS) and submersible crews (JOHNSON-SEA-LINK II; SEAEYE) from all Chemo III, Lophelia I and Lophelia II research cruises. The science crews from these expeditions are acknowledged for help with sample collecting, processing, and data requests. We are grateful to M Vecchione, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Systematics Laboratory, for calling our attention to the existence of the images. Webb Pinner of NOAA kindly provided detailed station data for the imagery. Funding was provided by the Department of Interior, US Geological Survey, under cooperative agreements No. 05HQAG0009 and 05HQAG0099 (sub-agreement 5099HS0013) through USGS Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine Environments Program's Outer Continental Shelf Studies: Lophelia II: Rigs, Reefs and Wrecks. Deepwater Program, Studies of Gulf of Mexico Lower Continental Slope Communities Related to Chemosynthetic and Hard Substrate Habitats (Chemo III), and Characterization of Northern Gulf of Mexico Deep-water hard-bottom communities with emphasis on Lophelia coral (Lophelia I). These USGS programs were conducted in cooperation with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM). The NANCY FOSTER 2008 cruise was funded by a grant to SW Ross (University of North Carolina Wilmington) from the NOAA National Undersea Research Center at UNCW. The UNCW National Undersea Research Center procured the SEAEYE ROV used on the NANCY FOSTER cruise. L Kuhnz (MBARI) kindly provided images of deep-sea holothurians in situ from the MBARI collection. Some preliminary identifications of holothurians were made by the late CA Ahearn, National Museum of Natural History, to whom we are greatly indebted. We are grateful to the collections management staff at the Smithsonian's Museum Support Center, and interns D Villeneuve and J Kuperberg for assistance with curating and sorting specimens, and especially C Wickel (NOAA) for cataloguing many specimens and for assistance in many other ways. We are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers of the manuscript of this paper; their comments were of great value. NR 106 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 17 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA SN 0007-4977 EI 1553-6955 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 91 IS 2 BP 167 EP 204 DI 10.5343/bms.2014.1064 PG 38 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CG3KQ UT WOS:000353179500004 ER PT J AU Olsen, K Paul, VJ Ross, C AF Olsen, Kevin Paul, Valerie J. Ross, Cliff TI Direct effects of elevated temperature, reduced pH, and the presence of macroalgae (Dictyota spp.) on larvae of the Caribbean coral Porites astreoides SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIFE-HISTORY STAGES; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REEF CORAL; SATURATION STATE; ACROPORA-PALMATA; SPAWNING CORAL; PHASE-SHIFTS; SETTLEMENT AB Through an aquarium-based study, we provide evidence that exposure to macroalgae (Dictyota spp.), seawater with reduced pH (7.6 vs 8.1), and elevated temperature (31.8 vs 28.8 degrees C) causes distinct and additive repercussions for larval settlement and condition (photochemical efficiency and oxidative stress). Larvae from the common Caribbean coral Porites astreoides (Lamarck, 1816) were provided settlement substrate and exposed to each factor for 72 hrs in isolation and combination under an orthogonal design. Largely, biotic and abiotic factors did not interact in their impact on coral planulae; instead, stressors independently affected the survival, condition, and settlement of P. astreoides. Dictyota spp. and low pH each individually reduced the survival of coral larvae. Furthermore, the presence of Dictyota spp. and elevated temperature distinctly inhibited larval settlement and photochemical efficiency, respectively. When combined, stressors additively increased cellular oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) approximately four fold compared to larvae maintained under control conditions. The results indicate that each stressor independently impacts distinct and overlapping facets of coral settlement, and suggest that their combined effects could have severe collective consequences for coral demography. C1 [Olsen, Kevin; Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Ross, Cliff] Univ N Florida, Dept Biol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. RP Ross, C (reprint author), Univ N Florida, Dept Biol, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM cliff.ross@unf.edu FU Mote Protect our Reefs Grant [2012-08] FX We thank K Ritchie, E Bartels, C Metzgar, K Brandt, and G Canas for assistance with coral collection and larval husbandry. We also thank J Campbell for his helpful comments. This work was conducted under permit no. FKNMS-2013-011 issued by the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and was supported by Mote Protect our Reefs Grant 2012-08. This is contribution #980 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Ft. Pierce. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 14 U2 56 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA SN 0007-4977 EI 1553-6955 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 91 IS 2 BP 255 EP 270 DI 10.5343/bms.2014.1050 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CG3KQ UT WOS:000353179500007 ER PT J AU Rosen, T Schulkin, J Power, M Tadesse, S Norwitz, ER Wen, Zq Wang, BB AF Rosen, Todd Schulkin, Jay Power, Michael Tadesse, Serkalem Norwitz, Errol R. Wen, Zhaoqin Wang, Bingbing TI Comparative Immunohistochemistry of Placental Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and the Transcription Factor RelB-NF kappa B2 Between Humans and Nonhuman Primates SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; FETAL MEMBRANES; HUMAN-PREGNANCY; RHESUS-MONKEY; LABOR; GENE; PROGESTERONE; PARTURITION; GESTATION; LENGTH AB The transcription factor RelB-NF kappa B2, activated by the noncanonical NE kappa B pathway, positively regulates corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and prostaglandin production in the term human placenta and may play an important role in the timing of human parturition. Here we explored whether RelB-NE kappa B2 signaling plays a role in parturition in nonhuman anthropoid primates. We performed immunohistochemical staining to assess the correlation between CRH and nuclear activity of RelB-NF kappa B2 heterodimers in term placentas from humans, 3 catarrhine primate species, and a single platyrrhine primate species. Consistent with our previous studies, the human placenta showed cytoplasmic staining for CRH and nuclear staining for RelB-NF kappa B2. Similar staining patterns were noted in the 3 catarrhine primates (chimpanzee, baboon, and rhesus macaque). The platyrrhine (marmoset) placentas stained positively for CRH and RelB but not for NF kappa B2. Catarrhine (but not platyrrhine) nonhuman primate term placentas demonstrate the same CRH staining and nuclear localization patterns of RelB and NE kappa B2 as does human placenta. These results suggest that catarrhine primates, particularly rhesus macaques, may serve as useful animal models to study the biologic significance of the noncanonical NE kappa B pathway in human pregnancy. C1 [Rosen, Todd; Wang, Bingbing] Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Schulkin, Jay] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Res Dept, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Schulkin, Jay] Georgetown Univ, Dept Neurosci, Washington, DC USA. [Power, Michael] Conservat Ecol Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Nutr Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Tadesse, Serkalem; Norwitz, Errol R.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wen, Zhaoqin] St Peters Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Rosen, T (reprint author), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM rosentj@rwjms.rutgers.edu; wangbi@rwjms.rutgers.edu FU NIH HHS [P51 OD011133] NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD APR PY 2015 VL 65 IS 2 BP 140 EP 143 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA CG6ST UT WOS:000353433400007 PM 25926400 ER PT J AU Revell, LJ Mahler, DL Reynolds, RG Slater, GJ AF Revell, Liam J. Mahler, D. Luke Reynolds, R. Graham Slater, Graham J. TI Placing cryptic, recently extinct, or hypothesized taxa into an ultrametric phylogeny using continuous character data: A case study with the lizard Anolis roosevelti SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Fossils; phylogenetic inference; quantitative characters; time-calibrated tree ID EVOLUTIONARY RATES; DNA EXTRACTION; LIKELIHOOD; PACKAGE; FOSSILS; TISSUE; TREES; TIME AB In recent years, enormous effort and investment has been put into assembling the tree of life: a phylogenetic history for all species on Earth. Overwhelmingly, this progress toward building an ever increasingly complete phylogeny of living things has been accomplished through sophisticated analysis of molecular data. In the modern genomic age, molecular genetic data have become very easy and inexpensive to obtain for many species. However, some lineages are poorly represented in or absent from tissue collections, or are unavailable for molecular analysis for other reasons such as restrictive biological sample export laws. Other species went extinct recently and are only available in formalin museum preparations or perhaps even as subfossils. In this brief communication we present a new method for placing cryptic, recently extinct, or hypothesized taxa into an ultrametric phylogeny of extant taxa using continuous character data. This method is based on a relatively simple modification of an established maximum likelihood (ML) method for phylogeny inference from continuous traits. We show that the method works well on simulated trees and data. We then apply it to the case of placing the Culebra Island Giant Anole (Anolis roosevelti) into a phylogeny of Caribbean anoles. Anolis roosevelti is a crown-giant ecomorph anole hypothesized to have once been found throughout the Spanish, United States, and British Virgin Islands, but that has not been encountered or collected since the 1930s. Although this species is widely thought to be closely related to the Puerto Rican giant anole, A. cuvieri, our ML method actually places A. roosevelti in a different part of the tree and closely related to a clade of morphologically similar species. We are unable, however, to reject a phylogenetic position for A. roosevelti that places it as sister taxon to A. cuvieri; although close relationship with the remainder of Puerto Rican anole species is strongly rejected by our method. C1 [Revell, Liam J.; Reynolds, R. Graham] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Mahler, D. Luke] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Reynolds, R. Graham] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Slater, Graham J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Revell, LJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM liam.revell@umb.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1350474] FX The idea for the method described herein was developed by two of the authors (LJR and GJS) while participating as guest instructors in C. Nunn's AnthroTree workshop at the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent) in Durham, NC. This work also benefited from some very helpful discussions with L. Harmon, G. Mayer, and B. Redelings. An earlier version of this article was improved by very helpful comments from D. Adams, J. Felsenstein, D. Polly, and R. Shaw. This work was funded in part by a grant from the National Science Foundation (DEB 1350474). NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 EI 1558-5646 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD APR PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1027 EP 1035 DI 10.1111/evo.12628 PG 9 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CG4EL UT WOS:000353236000015 PM 25683068 ER PT J AU Thorwirth, S Lattanzi, V McCarthy, MC AF Thorwirth, S. Lattanzi, V. McCarthy, M. C. TI Phosphorus and silicon analogs of isocyanic acid: Microwave detection of HPCO and HNSiO SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Isocyanic acid; Phosphaketene; Silaisocyanic acid; Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy; Coupled-cluster calculations ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; NEUTRAL-NEUTRAL REACTIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; 2ND DERIVATIVES; MANY-BODY; ISOMERS; PERTURBATION; SPECTRA; CCSD(T); ISOMERIZATION AB Phosphaketene, HPCO, and silaisocyanic acid, HNSiO, have been characterized in the gas phase for the first time, employing Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. Besides the parent isotopic species, the rare isotopologs (HPCO)-C-13, (HNSiO)-Si-29, and (HNSiO)-Si-30 were also observed. The molecular parameters derived experimentally agree very well with results of new quantum-chemical calculations performed at the coupled-cluster level of theory. Other derivatives of HNCO, in which one atom is replaced with its third-row counterpart, or two atoms are replaced with their second-row counterparts, may be detectable using the same combined theoretical/experimental approach. Because both isocyanic acid, HNCO, and its sulfur variant HNCS are abundant in molecule-rich astronomical sources, HPCO and HNSiO are good candidates for future radio astronomical searches. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Thorwirth, S.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Lattanzi, V.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [McCarthy, M. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Thorwirth, S (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RI Thorwirth, Sven/C-6217-2011 OI Thorwirth, Sven/0000-0001-8200-6710 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [TH 1301/3-2]; NASA [NNX13AE59G]; DFG FX We thank M.E. Harding and H.S.P. Muller for helpful discussions and M.-A. Martin-Drumel for assistance with the measurements. S.T. gratefully acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Grant TH 1301/3-2. M.C.M. acknowledges support from NASA Grant NNX13AE59G. We also thank the Regional Computing Center of the Universitat zu Koln (RRZK) for providing computing time on the DFG-funded High Performance Computing (HPC) system CHEOPS. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 EI 1096-083X J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 2015 VL 310 SI SI BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2014.12.019 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA CG0AC UT WOS:000352928000019 ER PT J AU Reilly, NJ Steglich, M Kokkin, DL Maier, JP Stanton, JF McCarthy, MC AF Reilly, N. J. Steglich, M. Kokkin, D. L. Maier, J. P. Stanton, J. F. McCarthy, M. C. TI Optical spectrum of Si3C, and a re-analysis of the (C)over-tilde(1) B-1 <- (X)over-tilde(1)A(1) transition SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ISM: molecules; Molecular data; Optical spectrum ID SILICON-CARBON CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR WAVE-FUNCTIONS; ANO BASIS-SETS; 2ND ROW ATOMS; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; LABORATORY DETECTION; RHOMBOIDAL SIC3; LINE SURVEY; DENSITY; SPECTROSCOPY AB The electronic spectrum of Si3C has been measured in the 710-250 nm region by resonant two-color two-photon ionization spectroscopy. In addition to the strong (C) over tilde B-1(1) <- (X) over tilde (1)A(1) transition near 400 nm, evidenceis found for two weaker features: a broad, largely structureless band near 625 nm, which is assigned to (A) over tilde B-1(1) <- (X) over tilde (1)A(1), and a band near 333 nm with partially-resolved vibronic structure, which we assign to (E) over tilde B-1(1) <- (X) over tilde (1)A(1). Assignment of the transitions and analysis of their vibrational structure is supported by equation-of-motion coupled cluster calculations. Re-measurement and re-analysis of the (C) over tilde <- (X) over tilde transition at higher spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio than that reported previously (Stanton et al., 2005) allows essentially all of the vibronic features to be assigned with confidence. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Reilly, N. J.; Kokkin, D. L.; McCarthy, M. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Reilly, N. J.; Kokkin, D. L.; McCarthy, M. C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Steglich, M.; Maier, J. P.] Univ Basel, Dept Chem, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Stanton, J. F.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP McCarthy, MC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mmccarthy@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNX13AE59G]; Swiss National Science Foundation [200020-140316/1]; Robert A. Welch Foundation of Houston, TX [F-1283] FX The work in Cambridge is supported by NASA Grant NNX13AE59G. The work in Basel is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Project 200020-140316/1). IFS is supported by The Robert A. Welch Foundation of Houston, TX (Grant F-1283). NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 EI 1096-083X J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 2015 VL 310 SI SI BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2014.12.025 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA CG0AC UT WOS:000352928000021 ER PT J AU Hoyos, N Monsalve, O Berger, GW Antinao, JL Giraldo, H Silva, C Ojeda, G Bayona, G Escobar, J Montes, C AF Hoyos, N. Monsalve, O. Berger, G. W. Antinao, J. L. Giraldo, H. Silva, C. Ojeda, G. Bayona, G. Escobar, J. Montes, C. TI A climatic trigger for catastrophic Pleistocene-Holocene debris flows in the Eastern Andean Cordillera of Colombia SO JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Andes; Colombia; debris flows; optically stimulated luminescence ID ALLUVIAL-FAN DEPOSITS; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; LUMINESCENCE; QUARTZ; SINGLE; RECORD; AGE; HISTORY; GRAINS; SOUTH AB The geomorphology and stratigraphy of massive debris flows on the Eastern Andean Cordillera, Colombia, indicate two distinct deposits can be recognized. The lower Chinauta deposit covers 14 km(2) and has a thickness of approximate to 60m, whereas the upper Fusagasuga deposit covers 20 km(2) and has a thickness of approximate to 20m. The lower Chinauta section consists of matrix-supported gravels, with isolated boulders and massive to moderately bedded structure and local inverse grading. The upper section displays sequences of inversely graded, clast-supported gravels, with boulders >2m in axial length, capped by massive, matrix-supported fine gravels. The latter are dissected by coarse, channelized gravels. We interpret these facies as a series of debris and hyper-concentrated flows dissected by river channels. The Fusagasuga deposit is dominated by massive to inversely graded matrix-supported gravels with isolated boulders. Single-grain, optically stimulated luminescence dates of the sandy-silty matrix of debris and hyper-concentrated flows constrain the timing of deposition of the Chinauta debris flow deposits between 38.9 and 8.7ka. We postulate that millennial-scale climate variability is responsible for causing these massive debris flows, through a combination of elevated temperatures and increased rainfall that triggered runoff and sediment transport. C1 [Hoyos, N.; Monsalve, O.; Giraldo, H.; Silva, C.; Bayona, G.; Montes, C.] Corp Geol ARES, Bogota, Colombia. [Hoyos, N.] Univ Norte, Dept Hist & Ciencias Sociales, Barranquilla, Colombia. [Hoyos, N.; Escobar, J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Berger, G. W.; Antinao, J. L.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA. [Ojeda, G.] Subsuelo3D SAS, Bogota, Colombia. [Escobar, J.] Univ Norte, Dept Ingn Civil & Ambiental, Barranquilla, Colombia. [Montes, C.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Geociencias, Bogota, Colombia. [Antinao, J. L.] Ctr Nacl Invest Gest Integrada Desastres Nat CIGI, Santiago, Chile. RP Hoyos, N (reprint author), Univ Norte, Dept Hist & Ciencias Sociales, Barranquilla, Colombia. EM nbotero@uninorte.edu.co OI Montes, Camilo/0000-0002-3553-0787 FU Fundacion para la Promocion de la Investigacion y la Tecnologa del Banco de la Republica [2655]; Colciencias (Fondo para la Ciencia, la Tecnologa y la Innovacion); Universidad del Norte; US National Science Foundation (NSF) [1015665] FX N.H. was supported by grants from Fundacion para la Promocion de la Investigacion y la Tecnologa del Banco de la Republica (grant 2655), Colciencias (Fondo para la Ciencia, la Tecnologa y la Innovacion) and Universidad del Norte (internal research grant). Collection and processing of OSL samples was made possible by a US National Science Foundation (NSF) grant (1015665) to G.W.B., and H.G. was supported by Colciencias (Fondo para la Ciencia, la Tecnologa y la Innovacion). We thank Paul Verburg for his support in retrieving OSL data. We also thank Mark Brenner, John Clague, Sophie Baker and an anonymous reviewer for their careful revision of this manuscript. NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0267-8179 EI 1099-1417 J9 J QUATERNARY SCI JI J. Quat. Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 30 IS 3 BP 258 EP 270 DI 10.1002/jqs.2779 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CG6IS UT WOS:000353403800007 ER PT J AU McCauley, DJ Salkeld, DJ Young, HS Makundi, R Dirzo, R Eckerlin, RP Lambin, EF Gaffikin, L Barry, M Helgen, KM AF McCauley, Douglas J. Salkeld, Daniel J. Young, Hillary S. Makundi, Rhodes Dirzo, Rodolfo Eckerlin, Ralph P. Lambin, Eric F. Gaffikin, Lynne Barry, Michele Helgen, Kristofer M. TI Effects of Land Use on Plague (Yersinia pestis) Activity in Rodents in Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; MASTOMYS-NATALENSIS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; USAMBARA MOUNTAINS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; LUSHOTO DISTRICT; AFRICAN SAVANNA; ENDEMIC REGION AB Understanding the effects of land-use change on zoonotic disease risk is a pressing global health concern. Here, we compare prevalence of Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of plague, in rodents across two land-use types agricultural and conserved in northern Tanzania. Estimated abundance of seropositive rodents nearly doubled in agricultural sites compared with conserved sites. This relationship between land-use type and abundance of seropositive rodents is likely mediated by changes in rodent and flea community composition, particularly via an increase in the abundance of the commensal species, Mastomys natalensis, in agricultural habitats. There was mixed support for rodent species diversity negatively impacting Y. pestis seroprevalence. Together, these results suggest that land-use change could affect the risk of local transmission of plague, and raise critical questions about transmission dynamics at the interface of conserved and agricultural habitats. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding disease ecology in the context of rapidly proceeding landscape change. C1 [McCauley, Douglas J.; Young, Hillary S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Dept Biol, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA. No Virginia Community Coll, Dept Biol, Springfield, VA USA. [Makundi, Rhodes] Sokoine Univ Agr, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Salkeld, Daniel J.; Dirzo, Rodolfo; Lambin, Eric F.; Gaffikin, Lynne; Barry, Michele] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Eckerlin, Ralph P.] No Virginia Community Coll, Div Nat Sci, Annandale, VA 22003 USA. [Helgen, Kristofer M.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Young, HS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bldg 569,Rm 1101, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM douglas.mccauley@lifesci.ucsb.edu; dansalkeld@grnail.com; hillary.young@lifesci.ucsb.edu; rmakundi@yahoo.com; rdirzo@stanford.edu; reckerlin@nvcc.edu; elambin@stanford.edu; earthlg@gmail.com; michele.barry@stanford; helgenk@si.edu FU James Smithson Fund of the Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society [4691-91, 8846-10, 9106-12]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0909670]; Woods Institute for the Environment at Stanford University; Smithsonian Barcode Network; Smithsonian Women's Committee [SWC 44] FX This project was supported by the James Smithson Fund of the Smithsonian Institution, the National Geographic Society (Grants 4691-91, 8846-10, 9106-12,), the National Science Foundation (DEB-0909670), the Woods Institute for the Environment at Stanford University, the Smithsonian Barcode Network grant, and the Smithsonian Women's Committee (SWC 44). NR 78 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2015 VL 92 IS 4 BP 776 EP 783 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0504 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA CF8QY UT WOS:000352828200018 PM 25711606 ER PT J AU Woodman, N AF Woodman, Neal TI Who invented the mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus)? On the authorship of the fraudulent 1812 journal of Charles Le Raye SO ARCHIVES OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE captivity narrative; Constantine S. Rafinesque; Lewis and Clark expedition; Louisiana Territory AB The captivity journal of Charles Le Raye was first published in 1812 as a chapter in A topographical description of the state of Ohio, Indiana Territory, and Louisiana, a volume authored anonymously by "a late officer in the U. S. Army". Le Raye was purported to be a French Canadian fur trader who, as a captive of the Sioux, had travelled across broad portions of the Missouri and Yellowstone river drainages a few years before the Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1806), and his account of the land, its people, and its natural resources was relied upon as a primary source by generations of natural historians, geographers, and ethnographers. Based directly on descriptions of animals in the published journal, the naturalist Constantine S. Rafinesque named seven new species of North American mammals, including what are currently recognized as the mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and a Great Plains subspecies of white-tailed deer (O. virginianus macrourus). Unfortunately, Le Raye never existed, and historical, geographical, and ethnographical evidence indicates that the journal is fraudulent. Determining the author of this work is relevant to identifying the sources used to construct it, which may help us to understand the real animals upon which Rafinesque's species are based. Traditionally, authorship of the volume was attributed to Jervis Cutler, but his role in composing the fraudulent Le Raye journal has been called into question. In this paper, I present additional evidence supporting the hypothesis that Jervis Cutler bears primary responsibility for the Le Raye journal and that he had the background, opportunity, and potential motive to author it. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, MRC 111,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM woodmann@si.edu OI Woodman, Neal/0000-0003-2689-7373 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDINBURGH UNIV PRESS PI EDINBURGH PA THE TUN-HOLYROOD RD, 12 2F JACKSONS ENTRY, EDINBURGH EH8 8PJ, ENGLAND SN 0260-9541 EI 1755-6260 J9 ARCH NAT HIST JI Arch. Nat. Hist. PD APR PY 2015 VL 42 IS 1 BP 39 EP 50 DI 10.3366/anh.2015.0277 PG 12 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC History & Philosophy of Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE9ND UT WOS:000352169800004 ER PT J AU Olson, SL AF Olson, Storrs L. TI The myth of the Malaspina Expedition in the Galapagos Islands SO ARCHIVES OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDINBURGH UNIV PRESS PI EDINBURGH PA THE TUN-HOLYROOD RD, 12 2F JACKSONS ENTRY, EDINBURGH EH8 8PJ, SCOTLAND SN 0260-9541 EI 1755-6260 J9 ARCH NAT HIST JI Arch. Nat. Hist. PD APR PY 2015 VL 42 IS 1 BP 173 EP 175 DI 10.3366/anh.2015.0290 PG 3 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC History & Philosophy of Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE9ND UT WOS:000352169800017 ER PT J AU Hostetler, JA Sillett, TS Marra, PP AF Hostetler, Jeffrey A. Sillett, T. Scott Marra, Peter P. TI Full-annual-cycle population models for migratory birds SO AUK LA English DT Article DE density dependence; full life-cycle; migratory connectivity; nonbreeding; population dynamics; population limitation; seasonal; vital rates ID EMPEROR PENGUIN POPULATION; OPTIMAL ANNUAL ROUTINES; HABITAT QUALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NONBREEDING-SEASON; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; OPTIMAL CONSERVATION; SPATIALLY EXPLICIT; AMERICAN REDSTARTS AB Full-annual-cycle (FAC) models integrate seasonal demographic and environmental processes to elucidate the factors that limit and regulate animal populations. Unlike traditional, breeding-season-focused models of migratory populations, FAC population models include the effects on population dynamics of events in both the breeding and the nonbreeding season (i.e. winter and migration). Given that migratory birds can spend most of the year away from the breeding grounds and face seasonally specific threats and limitation, FAC models can provide critical and unique insights about their population dynamics. We review existing FAC population model types, including demographic network models, seasonal matrix models, and individual-based models, with examples of each type. We also suggest some approaches new to FAC population modeling-integrated population models and integral projection models-and make recommendations for the development and implementation of these models. Incorporating model components such as density dependence, migratory connectivity (the demographic linkages between breeding and nonbreeding areas), and seasonal interactions can be critical for model realism but can also increase model complexity and development time. Much of the development of FAC population models has been more theoretical than applied. The main limitation to the application of the developed models is availability of empirical data for all annual stages, particularly knowledge of migratory connectivity and density-dependent seasonal survival. As these data become more available, the models outlined here should find additional uses. C1 [Hostetler, Jeffrey A.; Sillett, T. Scott; Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Hostetler, JA (reprint author), Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM Jeffrey.Hostetler@myfwc.com RI Hostetler, Jeffrey/A-3345-2011 OI Hostetler, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3669-1758 FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX Funding statement: Funding support was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. None of the funders had any input into the content of the manuscript. None of the funders required their approval of the manuscript before submission or publication. NR 96 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 20 U2 90 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD APR PY 2015 VL 132 IS 2 BP 433 EP 449 DI 10.1642/AUK-14-211.1 PG 17 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA CF3ZX UT WOS:000352489000013 ER PT J AU Marquet, PA Allen, AP Brown, JH Dunne, JA Enquist, BJ Gillooly, JF Gowaty, PA Harte, J Hubbell, SP Okie, JG Ostling, A Ritchie, M Storch, D West, GB AF Marquet, Pablo A. Allen, Andrew P. Brown, James H. Dunne, Jennifer A. Enquist, Brian J. Gillooly, James F. Gowaty, Patricia A. Harte, John Hubbell, Steve P. Okie, Jordan G. Ostling, Annette Ritchie, Mark Storch, David West, Geoffrey B. TI On the Importance of First Principles in Ecological Theory Development SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 [Marquet, Pablo A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Sch Biol Sci, Dept Ecol, Santiago, Chile. [Marquet, Pablo A.] Inst Ecol & Biodivers, Santiago, Chile. [Marquet, Pablo A.; Dunne, Jennifer A.; Enquist, Brian J.; West, Geoffrey B.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Marquet, Pablo A.] Inst Sistemas Complejos Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile. [Allen, Andrew P.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Brown, James H.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Dunne, Jennifer A.] Pacific Ecoinformat & Computat Ecol Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA. [Gillooly, James F.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gowaty, Patricia A.; Hubbell, Steve P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Gowaty, Patricia A.; Hubbell, Steve P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Gowaty, Patricia A.; Hubbell, Steve P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Harte, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Okie, Jordan G.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Ostling, Annette] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ritchie, Mark] Syracuse Univ, Dept Biol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Storch, David] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Ctr Theoret Study, Prague, Czech Republic. [Storch, David] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Ecol, Prague, Czech Republic. RP Marquet, PA (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Sch Biol Sci, Dept Ecol, Santiago, Chile. EM pmarquet@bio.puc.cl RI Marquet, Pablo /B-7732-2009; Storch, David/C-3339-2017; OI Marquet, Pablo /0000-0001-6369-9339; Storch, David/0000-0001-5967-1544; Enquist, Brian/0000-0002-6124-7096 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 40 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD APR PY 2015 VL 65 IS 4 BP 342 EP 343 DI 10.1093/biosci/biv015be PG 3 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CF6ET UT WOS:000352650400004 ER PT J AU Yi, TS Jin, GH Wen, J AF Yi, Ting-Shuang Jin, Gui-Hua Wen, Jun TI Chloroplast capture and intra- and inter-continental biogeographic diversification in the Asian - New World disjunct plant genus Osmorhiza (Apiaceae) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Osmorhiza; Apiaceae; Phylogeny; Chloroplast capture; Biogeography; Long-distance dispersal ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; AMERICAN FLORISTIC DISJUNCTION; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA; SUBFAMILY APIOIDEAE; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; PISTACIA ANACARDIACEAE; TETHYAN DISJUNCTIONS; RETICULATE EVOLUTION; NONCODING REGIONS AB Osmorhiza Raf. (Apiaceae) contains about 12 species disjunctly distributed in temperate Asia, and North. Central to South America. Phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses were carried out applying sequences of two nuclear and nine plastid loci from eleven recognized Osmorhiza species. The nuclear ITS and ETS and the plastid data fully resolved the infrageneric relationships, yet the two phylogenies were largely incongruent. Comparisons of nuclear and plastid phylogenies revealed several interspecific chloroplast transfer events in Osmorhiza, one of which involved an extinct or an unsampled lineage. This genus was inferred to have originated in the Old World during the late Miocene (11.02 mya, 95% HPD: 9.13-12.93 mya), and the crown of the genus was dated to be in the late Miocene (5.51 mya, 95% HPD: 2.81-8.37 mya). Species of Osmorhiza were inferred to have migrated from the Old World into North America across the Bering land bridge during the late Miocene, and they then diversified in the New World through multiple dispersal and divergence events. The intraspecific amphitropical disjunctions between North and South America, and the eastern and western North American disjunctions within O. berteroi and O. depauperata were hypothesized to be via recent long-distance dispersals most likely facilitated by birds. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Yi, Ting-Shuang; Jin, Gui-Hua; Wen, Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Germplasm Bank Wild Species, Key Lab Plant Biodivers & Biogeog,Plant Germplasm, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2014CB954100-01]; National Natural Science Foundation [31129001]; Talent Project of Yunnan Province [2011CI042] FX The authors thank P. Lowry and K. Yoo for sample collection and J. Zech for field assistance. This study was supported by grants from the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB954100-01), the National Natural Science Foundation (Project No. 31129001), and the Talent Project of Yunnan Province (Project No. 2011CI042). This study was conducted in the Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution and the Key Laboratory of the Southwest China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 122 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 35 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 85 BP 10 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.028 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CF8PZ UT WOS:000352825700002 PM 25585153 ER PT J AU Kelehear, C Saltonstall, K Torchin, ME AF Kelehear, Crystal Saltonstall, Kristin Torchin, Mark E. TI An introduced pentastomid parasite (Raillietiella frenata) infects native cane toads (Rhinella marina) in Panama SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amphibian; Asian House gecko; Bufo marinus; Hemidactylus frenatus; Invasive species; lung parasite; Panama Canal; urban-rural gradient ID ASIAN HOUSE GECKO; HEMIDACTYLUS-FRENATUS; BRAZILIAN NORTHEAST; HELMINTH-PARASITES; AUSTRALIA; LIZARDS; GLOBALIZATION; POPULATION; GEKKONIDAE; BUFONIDAE AB The pentastomid parasite, Raillietiella frenata, is native to Asia where it infects the Asian House gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus. This gecko has been widely introduced and recently R. frenata was found in introduced populations of cane toads (Rhinella marina) in Australia, indicating a host-switch from introduced geckos to toads. Here we report non-native adult R. frenata infecting the lungs of native cane toads in Panama. Eight of 64 toads were infected (median=25, range=1-80 pentastomids/toad) and pentastomid prevalence was positively associated with the number of buildings at a site, though further sampling is needed to confirm this pattern. We postulate that this pattern is likely due to a host shift of this parasite from an urban-associated introduced gecko. This is the first record of this parasite infecting cane toads in their native range, and the first instance of this parasite occurring in Central America. C1 [Kelehear, Crystal; Saltonstall, Kristin; Torchin, Mark E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Kelehear, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM crystal.kelehear@hotmail.com FU Global Invasions Network [NSF RCN DEB-05411673]; STRI A. Stanley Rand Fellowship; Australian Society for Parasitology Network Researcher Exchange, Training, and Travel Award FX The authors are extremely grateful to the Global Invasions Network (NSF RCN DEB-05411673) for providing financial support to C. Kelehear for international travel. C. Kelehear received additional financial support through the STRI A. Stanley Rand Fellowship and the Australian Society for Parasitology Network Researcher Exchange, Training, and Travel Award. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD APR PY 2015 VL 142 IS 5 BP 675 EP 679 DI 10.1017/S0031182014001759 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA CF7MD UT WOS:000352739700004 PM 25394910 ER PT J AU McLeod, B Geary, J Conroy, M Fabricant, D Ordway, M Szentgyorgyi, A Amato, S Ashby, M Caldwell, N Curley, D Gauron, T Holman, M Norton, T Pieri, M Roll, J Weaver, D Zajac, J Palunas, P Osip, D AF McLeod, Brian Geary, John Conroy, Maureen Fabricant, Daniel Ordway, Mark Szentgyorgyi, Andrew Amato, Stephen Ashby, Matthew Caldwell, Nelson Curley, Dylan Gauron, Thomas Holman, Matthew Norton, Timothy Pieri, Mario Roll, John Weaver, David Zajac, Joseph Palunas, Povilas Osip, David TI Megacam: A Wide-Field CCD Imager for the MMT and Magellan SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID IMAGING CAMERA; ACTIVE OPTICS; TELESCOPE; PHOTOMETRY; DISCOVERY; INSTRUMENTS; GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; SEARCH AB Megacam is a large-format optical camera that can be operated at the f/5 Cassegrain foci of the MMT on Mount Hopkins, Arizona, and the Magellan Clay telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. Megacam's focal plane is composed of 36 closely packed e2v CCD42-90 CCDs, each with 2048 x 4608 pixels, assembled in an 18; 432 x 18; 432 array. Two additional CCD42-90s are provided for autoguiding and focus control. The CCDs have 13.5 mu m square pixels that subtend 0.'' 08 at the f/5 foci, yielding a 250 x 250 field-of-view. The camera system includes a focal plane shutter, two filter wheels, two liquid nitrogen reservoirs, a central chamber that holds the CCD mosaic array, and two electronics boxes. Megacam is equipped with a variety of broadband and narrowband filters. Software features include automatic calculation of twilight flat exposure times. C1 [McLeod, Brian; Geary, John; Conroy, Maureen; Fabricant, Daniel; Ordway, Mark; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Amato, Stephen; Ashby, Matthew; Caldwell, Nelson; Curley, Dylan; Gauron, Thomas; Holman, Matthew; Norton, Timothy; Pieri, Mario; Roll, John; Weaver, David; Zajac, Joseph] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Palunas, Povilas; Osip, David] Las Campanas Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP McLeod, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM bmcleod@cfa.harvard.edu FU Major Scientific Instrumentation fund of the Smithsonian Institution; Harvard College Observatory FX Funding for Megacam was provided through the Major Scientific Instrumentation fund of the Smithsonian Institution and the Harvard College Observatory. Observations reported here were obtained at the MMT Observatory, a joint facility of the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Arizona. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD APR PY 2015 VL 127 IS 950 BP 366 EP 382 DI 10.1086/680687 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF0JW UT WOS:000352231000006 ER PT J AU Chilingarian, I Beletsky, Y Moran, S Brown, W McLeod, B Fabricant, D AF Chilingarian, Igor Beletsky, Yuri Moran, Sean Brown, Warren McLeod, Brian Fabricant, Daniel TI Data Reduction Pipeline for the MMT and Magellan Infrared Spectrograph SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID STELLAR POPULATIONS; ELLIPTIC GALAXY; KINEMATICS AB We describe the new spectroscopic data reduction pipeline for the multi-object MMT/Magellan Infrared Spectrograph. The pipeline is implemented in IDL as a stand-alone package and is publicly available in both stable and development versions. We describe novel algorithms for sky subtraction and correction for telluric absorption. We demonstrate that our sky subtraction technique reaches the Poisson limit set by the photon statistics. Our telluric correction uses a hybrid approach by first computing a correction function from an observed stellar spectrum, and then differentially correcting it using a grid of atmosphere transmission models for the target airmass value. The pipeline provides a sufficient level of performance for real time reduction and thus enables data quality control during observations. We reduce an example dataset to demonstrate the high data reduction quality. C1 [Chilingarian, Igor; Moran, Sean; Brown, Warren; McLeod, Brian; Fabricant, Daniel] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chilingarian, Igor] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Beletsky, Yuri] Carnegie Inst Sci, Las Campanas Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP Chilingarian, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St MS09, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM igor.chilingarian@cfa.harvard.edu RI Chilingarian, Igor/N-5117-2016 OI Chilingarian, Igor/0000-0002-7924-3253 FU Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Russian Science Foundation [14-22-00041] FX The project is carried out at the Telescope Data Center supported by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. We acknowledge the support of MMIRS operations and instrument software by Maureen Conroy, Anne Matthews, and John Roll of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and support of observations by Dave Osip, Povilas Palunas, and technical staff of the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. We thank our colleagues Jessica Mink and Andrew Szentgyorgyi for useful discussions. IC acknowledges the additional support from the Russian Science Foundation project 14-22-00041. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD APR PY 2015 VL 127 IS 950 BP 406 EP 420 DI 10.1086/680598 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF0JW UT WOS:000352231000009 ER PT J AU Bakos, GA Hartman, JD Bhatti, W Bieryla, A de Val-Borro, M Latham, DW Buchhave, LA Csubry, Z Penev, K Kovacs, G Beky, B Falco, E Kovacs, T Howard, AW Johnson, JA Isaacson, H Marcy, GW Torres, G Noyes, RW Berlind, P Calkins, ML Esquerdo, GA Lazar, J Papp, I Sari, P AF Bakos, G. A. Hartman, J. D. Bhatti, W. Bieryla, A. de Val-Borro, M. Latham, D. W. Buchhave, L. A. Csubry, Z. Penev, K. Kovacs, G. Beky, B. Falco, E. Kovacs, T. Howard, A. W. Johnson, J. A. Isaacson, H. Marcy, G. W. Torres, G. Noyes, R. W. Berlind, P. Calkins, M. L. Esquerdo, G. A. Lazar, J. Papp, I. Sari, P. TI HAT-P-54b: A HOT JUPITER TRANSITING A 0.64 M-circle dot STAR IN FIELD 0 OF THE K2 MISSION SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual (HAT-P-54); techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic ID KEPLER FIELD; ELLIPSOIDAL VARIATIONS; BRIGHT STAR; PLANET; SYSTEM; ALGORITHM; DWARF; PHOTOMETRY; EVOLUTION; TRES-2 AB We report the discovery of HAT-P-54b, a planet transiting a late K dwarf star in field 0 of the NASA K2 mission. We combine ground-based photometric light curves with radial velocity measurements to determine the physical parameters of the system. HAT-P-54b has a mass of 0.760 +/- 0.032 M-J, a radius of 0.944 +/- 0.028 R-J, and an orbital period of 3.7998 days. The star has V = 13.505 +/- 0.060, a mass of 0.645 +/- 0.020 M-circle dot, a radius of 0.617 +/- 0.013 R-circle dot, an effective temperature of T-eff*= 4390 +/- 50, and a subsolar metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.127 +/- 0.080. We also detect a periodic signal with P = 15.6 days and 5.6 mmag amplitude in the light curve, which we interpret as due to the rotation of the star. HAT-P-54b has a radius that is smaller than 92% of the known transiting planets with masses greater than that of Saturn, while HAT-P-54 is one of the lowest-mass stars known to host a hot Jupiter. Follow-up high-precision photometric observations by the K2 mission promise to make this a well-studied planetary system. C1 [Bakos, G. A.; Hartman, J. D.; Bhatti, W.; de Val-Borro, M.; Csubry, Z.; Penev, K.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bieryla, A.; Latham, D. W.; Buchhave, L. A.; Beky, B.; Falco, E.; Johnson, J. A.; Torres, G.; Noyes, R. W.; Berlind, P.; Calkins, M. L.; Esquerdo, G. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, L. A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kovacs, G.; Kovacs, T.] Konkoly Observ Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. [Kovacs, G.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Howard, A. W.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Isaacson, H.; Marcy, G. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bakos, GA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM gbakos@astro.princeton.edu; abieryla@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNG04GN74G, NNX13AJ15G, NNX09AB29G, NNX13AQ62G, NNX14AB83G, N133Hr]; NSF [AST-1108686]; Kepler Mission under NASA [NCC2-1390]; Hungarian Scientific Research Foundation (OTKA) [K-81373] FX HATNet operations have been funded by NASA grants NNG04GN74G and NNX13AJ15G. Follow-up of HATNet targets has been partially supported through NSF grant AST-1108686. G.A.B., Z.C., and K.P. acknowledge partial support from NASA grant NNX09AB29G. K.P. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AQ62G. G.T. acknowledges partial support from NASA grant NNX14AB83G. We acknowledge partial support also from the Kepler Mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC2-1390 (D.W.L., PI). G.K. thanks the Hungarian Scientific Research Foundation (OTKA) for support through grant K-81373. Based in part on observations obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated by the University of California and the California Institute of Technology. Keck time has been granted by NASA (N133Hr). Data presented in this paper are based on observations obtained at the HAT station at the Submillimeter Array of SAO, and the HAT station at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory of SAO. Data are also based on observations with the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory 1.5 m and 1.2 m telescopes of SAO. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD APR PY 2015 VL 149 IS 4 AR 149 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/4/149 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF1VU UT WOS:000352336800033 ER PT J AU Favre, C Bergin, EA Cleeves, LI Hersant, F Qi, CH Aikawa, Y AF Favre, Cecile Bergin, Edwin A. Cleeves, L. Ilsedore Hersant, Franck Qi, Chunhua Aikawa, Yuri TI EVIDENCE FOR DCO+ AS A PROBE OF IONIZATION IN THE WARM DISK SURFACE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; ISM: abundances; protoplanetary disks; stars: formation ID PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; DEUTERIUM FRACTIONATION; IMAGING SURVEY; HD 163296; DM TAURI; LY-ALPHA; CHEMISTRY; CO; MOLECULES; DEUTERATION AB In this Letter, we model the chemistry of DCO+ in protoplanetary disks. We find that the overall distribution of the DCO+ abundance is qualitatively similar to that of CO but is dominated by a thin layer located at the inner disk surface. To understand its distribution, we investigate the different key gas-phase deuteration pathways that can lead to the formation of DCO+. Our analysis shows that the recent update in the exothermicity of the reaction involving CH2D+ as a parent molecule of DCO+ favors deuterium fractionation in warmer conditions. As a result, the formation of DCO+ is enhanced in the inner warm surface layers of the disk where X-ray ionization occurs. Our analysis points out that DCO+ is not a reliable tracer of the CO snow line as previously suggested. We thus predict that DCO+ is a tracer of active deuterium and, in particular, X-ray ionization of the inner disk. C1 [Favre, Cecile; Bergin, Edwin A.; Cleeves, L. Ilsedore] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hersant, Franck] Univ Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Hersant, Franck] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Qi, Chunhua] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Aikawa, Yuri] Kobe Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. RP Favre, C (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM cfavre@umich.edu OI Cleeves, L. Ilsedore/0000-0003-2076-8001 FU National Science Foundation [1008800] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant 1008800. F.H. thanks the Department of Astronomy (University of Michigan) for its hospitality. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 2 AR L23 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/802/2/L23 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE9BL UT WOS:000352138300010 ER PT J AU Cardoso-Martinez, F de la Rosa, JM Diaz-Marrero, AR Darias, J D'Croz, L Cerella, C Diederich, M Cueto, M AF Cardoso-Martinez, Faviola de la Rosa, Jose M. Diaz-Marrero, Ana R. Darias, Jose D'Croz, Luis Cerella, Claudia Diederich, Marc Cueto, Mercedes TI Oximoaspergillimide, a Fungal Derivative from a Marine Isolate of Aspergillus sp. SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Natural products; Structure elucidation; Alkaloids; Oximes; Antimicrobial activity; Cytotoxicity ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SEDIMENT-DERIVED FUNGUS; ALGICOLOUS ISOLATE; METABOLITES; MICROORGANISMS; BIOSYNTHESIS; INSULICOLA; STEROIDS; OXIMES; SPONGE AB A new alkaloid, oximoaspergillimide (1), and the known neohydroxyaspergillic (2) and neoaspergillic (3) acids, have been isolated from the extract of a cultured marine-derived fungus (strain CF07002) identified as a member of the genus Aspergillus. The structure of 1 was determined by interpretation of NMR spectroscopic data, and confirmed by synthesis. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of compounds 1-3 were evaluated. C1 [Cardoso-Martinez, Faviola; de la Rosa, Jose M.; Diaz-Marrero, Ana R.; Darias, Jose; Cueto, Mercedes] CSIC, Inst Prod Nat & Agrobiol, Tenerife 38206, Spain. [D'Croz, Luis; Cerella, Claudia] Univ Panama, Dept Biol Marina & Limnol, Panama City, Panama. [D'Croz, Luis] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Cerella, Claudia] Hop Kirchberg, Lab Biol Mol & Cellulaire Canc, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. [Diederich, Marc] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Pharm, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RP Cueto, M (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Prod Nat & Agrobiol, Avda Astrofis F Sanchez 3, Tenerife 38206, Spain. EM mcueto@ipna.csic.es RI Cueto, MERCEDES/L-3185-2014; Diaz-Marrero, Ana/L-2899-2014 OI Cueto, MERCEDES/0000-0002-9112-6877; Diaz-Marrero, Ana/0000-0002-8886-7519 FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) [SAF2009-0839]; Programa JAE-Pre (CSIC); IMBRAIN project [FP7-REGPOT-2012-CT2012-31637-IMBRAIN]; Action LIONS Vaincre le Cancer; Televie Luxembourg; Recherche Cancer et Sang foundation; Recherches Scientifiques Luxembourg association; Een Haerz fir Kriibskrank Kanner association; European Union (EU) [215009]; Korean National Research Foundation (NRF), MEST [Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center (GCRC)] [2012-0001184] FX This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) (SAF2009-0839). F. C. acknowledges financial support from the Programa JAE-Pre (CSIC). A.R. D.-M. acknowledges funding from the IMBRAIN project (FP7-REGPOT-2012-CT2012-31637-IMBRAIN). The Government of Panama granted permission for the collection of the samples. C. C. is supported by a "Waxweiler grant for cancer prevention research" from the Action LIONS Vaincre le Cancer. This work was also supported by Televie Luxembourg, the Recherche Cancer et Sang foundation, and the Recherches Scientifiques Luxembourg association. The authors thank the Een Haerz fir Kriibskrank Kanner association and the Action LIONS Vaincre le Cancer for generous support. Further support was received from the European Union (EU) (ITN "RedCat" 215009 and Interreg IVa project "Corena"). M. D. was supported by the Korean National Research Foundation (NRF), MEST [Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center (GCRC), grant number 2012-0001184]. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 24 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-193X EI 1099-0690 J9 EUR J ORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Org. Chem. PD APR PY 2015 IS 10 BP 2256 EP 2261 DI 10.1002/ejoc.201403668 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA CE8RA UT WOS:000352110600021 ER PT J AU Bladow, RA Ross, C Olsen, K Pierce, R AF Bladow, R. A. Ross, C. Olsen, K. Pierce, R. TI Non-target effects of mosquito control pesticides on the sub-lethal stress response of the reef-building coral Porites astreoides SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Univ N Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. EM rachet.bladow@unf.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA P3.90 BP E220 EP E220 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401161 ER PT J AU Boyle, MJ Carrillo-Baltodano, A Rice, ME Meyer, NP AF Boyle, M. J. Carrillo-Baltodano, A. Rice, M. E. Meyer, N. P. TI Reevaluation of the hypothesized loss of segmentation in sipunculans through in-depth analysis of neural development in Themiste lageniformis SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. Clark Univ, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM acarrillobahodano@clarku.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA P2.154 BP E224 EP E224 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401175 ER PT J AU Boyle, MJ Collin, R Rice, ME AF Boyle, M. J. Collin, R. Rice, M. E. TI Comparative Development, Transcriptomics and Life History Evolution in Sipuncula SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM boylem@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA P1.74 BP E224 EP E224 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401177 ER PT J AU Boyle, MJ AF Boyle, Michael J. TI Comparative development of life history diversity in Sipuncula: a microscopic view SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 [Boyle, Michael J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. EM BoyleM@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA AMS.1 BP E19 EP E19 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658400076 ER PT J AU Collin, R Chan, KYK AF Collin, R. Chan, K. Y. K. TI Living On The Edge: Small Thermal Safety Factors For Fertilization And Development In The Tropical Sea Urchin Lytechinus variegates SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. Hong Kong Univ Sci Tech, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM collinr@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA 47.7 BP E33 EP E33 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658400130 ER PT J AU Freeman, CJ Baker, DM Easson, CG Paul, V AF Freeman, C. J. Baker, D. M. Easson, C. G. Paul, V TI Metabolic Diversity and Niche Structure of Caribbean Sponges SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 [Freeman, C. J.; Baker, D. M.; Easson, C. G.; Paul, V] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM freemanc@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA 108.5 BP E60 EP E60 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658400240 ER PT J AU Johanson, Z Close, RA Tyler, JC Friedman, M AF Johanson, Z. Close, R. A. Tyler, J. C. Friedman, M. TI A remarkable new beaked tetraodontiform fish from the early Eocene London Clay Formation, UK SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Nat Hist Museum, London, England. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM zjohanson@nhm.ac.uk NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA P2.22 BP E279 EP E279 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401396 ER PT J AU Luttrell, SAM Greenberg, R AF Luttrell, S. A. M. Greenberg, R. TI A digital photograph technique for comparing overall body color in highly patterned animals SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. EM manor.sarah@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA P2.114 BP E294 EP E294 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401458 ER PT J AU Mckeon, S Oliver, T AF Mckeon, S. Oliver, T. TI High Temperature Environment Drives Cascading Fitness Effects Through Multi-party Reef Coral Mutualism SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 [Mckeon, S.; Oliver, T.] Univ Hawaii, Smithsonian Marine Stn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM mckeons@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA 113.5 BP E123 EP E123 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658400493 ER PT J AU Reynolds, RG Kolbe, JJ Glor, RE De Quieroz, K Revell, LJ Losos, JB AF Reynolds, R. G. Kolbe, J. J. Glor, R. E. De Quieroz, K. Revell, L. J. Losos, J. B. TI PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE LIZARD ANOLIS SAGREI ACROSS THE CARIBBEAN BASIN SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. Univ Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA USA. EM robertreynolds@fas.harvard.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA 55.5 BP E151 EP E151 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658400603 ER PT J AU Spangler, A Collin, R AF Spangler, A. Collin, R. TI When, Where, and Why: Environmental physiology of egg deposition in an intertidal snail. SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 [Spangler, A.; Collin, R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. EM aspangle@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA P1.24 BP E334 EP E334 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401616 ER PT J AU Venegas-Anaya, MD Densmore, LD Escobedo-Galvan, AH Balaguera-Reina, SA Sanjur, OI Lessios, HA AF Venegas-Anaya, M. D. Densmore, L. D., III Escobedo-Galvan, A. H. Balaguera-Reina, S. A. Sanjur, O., I Lessios, H. A. TI BASELINE DATA THE FOR AMERICAN CROCODILE (Crocodylus acutus) AS A CONSERVATION TOOL FOR MARINE-COASTAL HABITATS: ECOLOGICAL RATIONALE, ASSUMPTIONS, AND EFFICACY SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 Texas Tech Univ, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. 3Ctr Cambio Global & Sustentabilidad Sureste AC, Tabasco, Mexico. Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. EM dracocorilo@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA S3.8 BP E190 EP E190 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401042 ER PT J AU Yamato, M Pyenson, ND AF Yamato, M. Pyenson, N. D. TI Unique acoustic funnel into the cetacean ear links evolution and ontogeny in the origin of underwater hearing SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 [Yamato, M.; Pyenson, N. D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM yamatom@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA 106.4 BP E205 EP E205 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401103 ER PT J AU Zattara, EE Norenburg, JL Bely, AE AF Zattara, E. E. Norenburg, J. L. Bely, A. E. TI A phylum-wide survey reveals multiple gains of regenerative ability in nemerteans SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2015 CL West Palm Beach, FL SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 [Zattara, E. E.; Norenburg, J. L.; Bely, A. E.] Univ Maryland, Smithsonian Inst, NMNH IZ, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ezattara@gmail.com RI Norenburg, Jon/K-3481-2015; Zattara, Eduardo/A-3760-2012 OI Norenburg, Jon/0000-0001-7776-1527; Zattara, Eduardo/0000-0002-9947-9036 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 55 SU 1 MA 23.4 BP E209 EP E209 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF6HS UT WOS:000352658401119 ER PT J AU Teller, BJ Miller, AD Shea, K AF Teller, Brittany J. Miller, Adam D. Shea, Katriona TI Conservation of passively dispersed organisms in the context of habitat degradation and destruction SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dispersal-associated mortality; ecological modelling; fragmented landscapes; habitat loss; habitat quality; metapopulation; passive dispersal; population persistence ID SEED DISPERSAL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POPULATION-MODELS; PLANT DISPERSAL; EXTINCTION RISK; FRAGMENTATION; DYNAMICS; LANDSCAPE; EVOLUTION; ENVIRONMENTS AB 1. Passively dispersed species, such as many plant species, rely on abiotic forces to achieve movement. Despite the fact that such species form the base of many terrestrial and oceanic food webs, these species are often overlooked by conservation management plans because it is assumed that they are dispersed easily and widely, and therefore are relatively unthreatened by anthropogenic influences in comparison with poorly dispersing species. 2. To quantify the threat presented by habitat degradation and destruction to passively dispersed species, we present a theoretical population model of passively dispersed organisms that incorporates the effects of increased dispersal-associated mortality. We examine how the effects of habitat degradation and destruction depend on species' dispersal tactics, specifically: highly dispersive, highly retentive or spatially biased. 3. Contrary to prevailing intuition, highly dispersive species may suffer the strongest absolute negative demographic effects in the face of changes in human-modified landscapes. These results suggest that passively dispersed organisms may be more threatened by landscape modification than previously thought, and should be more carefully considered in plans for conservation and management. 4. Synthesis and applications. Since passively dispersed species cannot choose their ultimate settling location, they are therefore less likely to arrive at suitable habitat in landscapes that are degraded or destroyed. If we do not understand the implications for population dynamics of demographic costs of dispersal in fragmented landscapes, we may fail to predict declines of apparently widespread species, including many wind-dispersed plants and insects, benthic invertebrates and airborne microbes. Conservation and management plans should consider loss of propagules to unsuitable habitat for highly dispersive as well as poorly dispersive species, to avoid potential errors. C1 [Teller, Brittany J.; Miller, Adam D.; Shea, Katriona] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Teller, Brittany J.; Miller, Adam D.; Shea, Katriona] Penn State Univ, IGDP Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Teller, Brittany J.] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Miller, Adam D.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Teller, BJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM brittany.j.teller@gmail.com RI Shea, Katriona/B-7954-2008 OI Shea, Katriona/0000-0002-7607-8248 FU USDA National Needs Program [2008-38420-18722]; NSF [DEB-0815373] FX This research was funded by USDA National Needs Program grant #2008-38420-18722, and NSF grant #DEB-0815373 to K. S. We are grateful for logistical assistance and/or comments from O.N. Bjornstad, L. Russo, J. Keller, A. Marins, D. Mortensen, A. McKee, S. Yang, E. Jongejans and A. Stephenson. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 52 IS 2 BP 514 EP 521 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12379 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE9BJ UT WOS:000352138100025 ER PT J AU Moncunill-Sole, B Quintana, J Jordana, X Engelbrektsson, P Kohler, M AF Moncunill-Sole, B. Quintana, J. Jordana, X. Engelbrektsson, P. Koehler, M. TI The weight of fossil leporids and ochotonids: body mass estimation models for the order Lagomorpha SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lagomorpha; body mass; allometric models; Prolagus; Nuralagus rex; fossil; extinct; ancestor species ID SKELETAL INDICATORS; BALEARIC-ISLANDS; EVOLUTION; GIANT; MAMMALS; RODENTS; SIZE; LIFE; ALLOMETRY; BIOLOGY AB Lagomorphs are widespread around the world, but little is known about the biology and ecology of their fossil ancestors. In this case, knowing the body mass of these extinct species is of principal interest because it is correlated with physiological, morphological and life history attributes. Moreover, insular fossil rabbits, hares and pikas, which became spectacular giants with huge weights and dramatic shifts in their life histories, encourage curiosity in the research world. Our principal aim is to create allometric models between skeletal parameters and body weights with extant species of the order Lagomorpha (both ochotonids and leporids). These regressions can then be applied to the fossil register to estimate the body mass of the extinct lagomorphs. The models are satisfactory in all cases, although weaker relationships were obtained when we analyzed dental parameters. Multiple models have slightly better results than bivariate ones, but their use is limited to complete bones or skeletons. These body mass estimation models were tested in three different fossil lagomorphs: Prolagus apricenicus, Prolagus cf. calpensis and Nuralagus rex. In all three cases, the results from dental variables were discarded due to the fact that these species may not follow the allometric relationship between teeth and body mass of standard lagomorphs. Other variables, such as the proximal anteroposterior diameter of the humerus in N.rex, were also removed for their implications in fossorial lifestyle. We ultimately estimated a weight of around 600g for P.apricenicus, 300g for P. cf. calpensis and 8000g for N.rex. Differences in extrinsic mortality explain the important differences in body masses between the two Prolagus species. The results of N.rex cannot be compared with the giant Prolagus due to phylogenetic differences. C1 [Moncunill-Sole, B.; Quintana, J.; Jordana, X.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Catala Paleontol Miquel Crusafont ICP, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Engelbrektsson, P.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Koehler, M.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Catala Paleontol Miquel Crusafont ICP, ICREA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. RP Moncunill-Sole, B (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Catala Paleontol Miquel Crusafont ICP, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. EM blanca.moncunill@icp.cat RI Jordana, Xavier/L-9301-2014; OI Moncunill-Sole, Blanca/0000-0001-8042-4257; Jordana, Xavier/0000-0001-8990-4388; Kohler, Meike/0000-0001-9228-3164; jordana, xavier/0000-0002-6016-6630 FU Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport [AP2010-2393]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [JCI-2010-08157, CGL2012-34459] FX We want to thank Dr. Lorenzo Rook for providing the Gargano fossils and Dr. Nekane Marin-Moratalla for her valuable and helpful comments on the first version of the paper. We are also indebted with Dr. Chiara Angelone for her valuable advices and her useful help in determination of Prolagus apricenicus, and with Deyan Ge for providing some weight values of Ochotona species. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (AP2010-2393, B.M.-S.) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (JCI-2010-08157, X.J.; CGL2012-34459, M.K.). NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0952-8369 EI 1469-7998 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD APR PY 2015 VL 295 IS 4 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.1111/jzo.12209 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF0FR UT WOS:000352219000005 ER PT J AU Hong, T AF Hong, Terry TI Odysseus Abroad SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hong, Terry] Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Hong, T (reprint author), Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 140 IS 6 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA CE9TO UT WOS:000352186500086 ER PT J AU Ripperger, SP Kalko, EKV Rodriguez-Herrera, B Mayer, F Tschapka, M AF Ripperger, Simon P. Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal Mayer, Frieder Tschapka, Marco TI Frugivorous Bats Maintain Functional Habitat Connectivity in Agricultural Landscapes but Rely Strongly on Natural Forest Fragments SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC FOREST; PHYLLOSTOMID BATS; RAIN-FOREST; COSTA-RICA; HOME-RANGE; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; SPECIES RICHNESS; ARTIBEUS-WATSONI; MOVEMENT; SELECTION AB Anthropogenic changes in land use threaten biodiversity and ecosystem functioning by the conversion of natural habitat into agricultural mosaic landscapes, often with drastic consequences for the associated fauna. The first step in the development of efficient conservation plans is to understand movement of animals through complex habitat mosaics. Therefore, we studied ranging behavior and habitat use in Dermanura watsoni (Phyllostomidae), a frugivorous bat species that is a valuable seed disperser in degraded ecosystems. Radio-tracking of sixteen bats showed that the animals strongly rely on natural forest. Day roosts were exclusively located within mature forest fragments. Selection ratios showed that the bats foraged selectively within the available habitat and positively selected natural forest. However, larger daily ranges were associated with higher use of degraded habitats. Home range geometry and composition of focal foraging areas indicated that wider ranging bats performed directional foraging bouts from natural to degraded forest sites traversing the matrix over distances of up to three hundred meters. This behavior demonstrates the potential of frugivorous bats to functionally connect fragmented areas by providing ecosystem services between natural and degraded sites, and highlights the need for conservation of natural habitat patches within agricultural landscapes that meet the roosting requirements of bats. C1 [Ripperger, Simon P.; Mayer, Frieder] Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Forschung, Museum Nat Kunde, Berlin, Germany. [Ripperger, Simon P.; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Pedro, Costa Rica. [Mayer, Frieder] Berlin Brandenburg Inst Adv Biodivers Res, Berlin, Germany. RP Ripperger, SP (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Forschung, Museum Nat Kunde, Berlin, Germany. EM simon.ripperger@mfn-berlin.de FU "Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst" (DAAD) [D0948581]; "German Science Foundation" (DFG, Research Unit BATS "Dynamic Adaptable Applications for Bats Tracking by Embedded Communicating Systems" ) [FOR 1508] FX Funding for field work was provided to SPR by a grant of the "Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst" (DAAD grant number D0948581), https://www.daad.de/de/. Funding to FM by the "German Science Foundation" allowed for the preparation of this manuscript (DFG grant FOR 1508, Research Unit BATS "Dynamic Adaptable Applications for Bats Tracking by Embedded Communicating Systems"), http://www.dfg.de/. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 55 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 4 AR UNSP e0120535 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0120535 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE9AM UT WOS:000352135600034 PM 25830222 ER PT J AU Yam, JO Dzib, SA Rodriguez, LF Rodriguez-Gomez, V AF Yam, J. O. Dzib, S. A. Rodriguez, L. F. Rodriguez-Gomez, V. TI RADIO EMISSION VARIABILITY AND PROPER MOTIONS OF WR 112 SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA LA English DT Article DE astrometry; circumstellar matter; stars: individual: (WR 112); stars: Wolf-Rayet ID WOLF-RAYET STARS; SPACED DATA; DUST AB We analyzed 64 radio observations at the frequency of 8.4 GHz of the Wolf-Rayet star WR 112, taken from the Very Large Array archive. These observations cover a time baseline of 13 years, from June 2000 to July 2013. The radio structure of WR 112 is consistent with it being a point source in all the epochs and with its flux density varying from 0.6 mJy to 2.1 mJy. We tried to search for periodicities in these variations but our results were not conclusive. We also looked for extended emission from the infrared nebula that surrounds WR 112, settimg upper limits of 50 mu Jy. Finally, we used the highest angular resolution images to measure the proper motions of WR 112, obtaining mu(alpha) cos delta = -2.6 +/- 1.1 mas yr(-1), and mu(delta) = -5.4 +/- 1.4 mas yr(-1). These proper motions are smaller than those previously reported, but still suggest significant peculiar motions for WR 112. C1 [Dzib, S. A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Rodriguez, L. F.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. [Rodriguez, L. F.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Rodriguez-Gomez, V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Yam, J. O.] Univ Quintana Roo, Dept Ciencias, Chetmal 77019, Quintana Roo, Mexico. RP Yam, JO (reprint author), Univ Quintana Roo, Dept Ciencias, Blvd Bahia S-N, Chetmal 77019, Quintana Roo, Mexico. EM oyam@uqroo.edu.mx; sdzib@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de; l.rodriguez@crya.unam.mx RI Faculty of, Sciences, KAU/E-7305-2017 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO, INST DE ASTRONOMIA PI MEXICO CITY PA APDO POSTAL 70-264, MEXICO CITY 04510, MEXICO SN 0185-1101 J9 REV MEX ASTRON ASTR JI Rev. Mex. Astron. Astrofis. PD APR PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 35 EP 40 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF4LR UT WOS:000352521100004 ER PT J AU Zipkin, AM Hanchar, JM Brooks, AS Grabowski, MW Thompson, JC Gomani-Chindebvu, E AF Zipkin, A. M. Hanchar, J. M. Brooks, A. S. Grabowski, M. W. Thompson, J. C. Gomani-Chindebvu, E. TI OCHRE FINGERPRINTS: DISTINGUISHING AMONG MALAWIAN MINERAL PIGMENT SOURCES WITH HOMOGENIZED OCHRE CHIP LA-ICPMS SO ARCHAEOMETRY LA English DT Article DE Ochre; Malawi; LA-ICPMS; INAA; Provenance; Canonical Discriminant Analysis ID MIDDLE STONE-AGE; SOUTH-AFRICA; GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; NORTHERN MALAWI; BLOMBOS CAVE; WESTERN CAPE; ARTIFACTS; PROVENANCE; BEHAVIOR; ETHIOPIA AB In this study, we compared the effectiveness of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) of bulk ochre to laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry of homogenized ochre chips (HOC LA-ICPMS) at distinguishing among three ochre sources in northern Malawi. Both techniques upheld the Provenance Postulate; however, HOC LA-ICPMS required less sample material than INAA and facilitated fast, inexpensive replicate observations that allowed for more robust statistical analysis. Our results indicated that HOC LA-ICPMS is a maturing technique that will be a valuable option for analysing artefacts that require minimally destructive sampling but are too large to fit into the laser cell for direct ablation. With regard to the statistical procedures used, stepwise canonical discriminant analysis was demonstrated to be a highly effective method for distinguishing among ochre sources, even in the presence of significant intra-source and intra-sample heterogeneity. Continued development of the HOC sample preparation technique will expand the range of archaeological ochre artefacts that can be included in provenance studies and prevent bias towards artefacts of convenient-to-analyse dimensions. C1 [Zipkin, A. M.; Brooks, A. S.; Grabowski, M. W.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Palaeobiol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Hanchar, J. M.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Earth Sci, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada. [Brooks, A. S.] Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Thompson, J. C.] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Archaeol Program, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Gomani-Chindebvu, E.] Minist Tourism Wildlife & Culture, Lilongwe 3, Malawi. RP Zipkin, AM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Palaeobiol, 2110 G St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM amzipkin@gwmail.gwu.edu OI Thompson, Jessica/0000-0003-1627-4949 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [2011116368, BCS-1240694, IGERT DGE-0801634]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Wenner-Gren Foundation [8623]; Cosmos Club Foundation; Explorers Club Washington Group Exploration and Field Research Grant; Australian Research Council; Australian Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Geographic Society/Waitt Foundation Grant; University of Queensland Early Career Researcher Grant FX Financial support for this project was provided by National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship 2011116368, NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant BCS-1240694, NSF IGERT DGE-0801634, a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant (to JMH), Wenner-Gren Foundation Dissertation Fieldwork Grant 8623, a Cosmos Club Foundation Cosmos Scholars Grant, an Explorers Club Washington Group Exploration and Field Research Grant, an Australian Research Council Discovery Projects Grant and Australian Postdoctoral Fellowship, a National Geographic Society/Waitt Foundation Grant and a University of Queensland Early Career Researcher Grant. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0003-813X EI 1475-4754 J9 ARCHAEOMETRY JI Archaeometry PD APR PY 2015 VL 57 IS 2 BP 297 EP 317 DI 10.1111/arcm.12090 PG 21 WC Archaeology; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Archaeology; Chemistry; Geology GA CE3RJ UT WOS:000351745700004 ER PT J AU Fayolle, EC Oberg, KI Garrod, RT van Dishoeck, EF Bisschop, SE AF Fayolle, Edith C. Oeberg, Karin I. Garrod, Robin T. van Dishoeck, Ewine F. Bisschop, Suzanne E. TI Complex organic molecules in organic-poor massive young stellar objects SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: abundances; ISM: molecules; astrochemistry ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; GRAIN-SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; HOT-CORE; INTERSTELLAR ICE; CHEMICAL-MODEL; H2O-CO ICE; TELESCOPE; METHANOL; CLOUDS; CH3OH AB Context. Massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) with hot cores are classic sources of complex organic molecules. The origins of these molecules in such sources, as well as the small-and large-scale differentiation between nitrogen-and oxygen-bearing complex species, are poorly understood. Aims. We aim to use complex molecule abundances toward a chemically less explored class of MYSOs with weak hot organic emission lines to constrain the impact of hot molecular cores and initial ice conditions on the chemical composition toward MYSOs. Methods. We use the IRAM 30 m and the Submillimeter Array to search for complex organic molecules over 8-16 GHz in the 1 mm atmospheric window toward three MYSOs with known ice abundances, but without luminous molecular hot cores. Results. Complex molecules are detected toward all three sources at comparable abundances with respect to CH3OH to classical hot core sources. The relative importance of CH3CHO, CH3CCH, CH3OCH3, CH3CN, and HNCO differ between the organic-poor MYSOs and hot cores, however. Furthermore, the N-bearing molecules are generally concentrated toward the source centers, while most O- and C-bearing molecules are present both in the center and in the colder envelope. Gas-phase HNCO/CH3OH ratios are tentatively correlated with the ratios of NH3 ice over CH3OH ice in the same lines of sight, which is consistent with new gas-grain model predictions. Conclusions. Hot cores are not required to form complex organic molecules, and source temperature and initial ice composition both seem to affect complex organic distributions toward MYSOs. To quantify the relative impact of temperature and initial conditions requires, however, a larger spatially resolved survey of MYSOs with ice detections. C1 [Fayolle, Edith C.; van Dishoeck, Ewine F.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Fayolle, Edith C.; Oeberg, Karin I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Garrod, Robin T.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bisschop, Suzanne E.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Bisschop, Suzanne E.] Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. RP Fayolle, EC (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM efayolle@cfa.harvard.edu FU Rubicon fellowship - Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [680-50-1302]; NASA Astrophysics Theory Program [NNX11AC38G]; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize; European Union A-ERC grant [291141 CHEMPLAN] FX The authors thank the anonymous referee and the editor Malcolm Walmsley for helpful comments and suggestions. E.C.F. is supported by a Rubicon fellowship (680-50-1302), awarded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). R.T.G. is funded by the NASA Astrophysics Theory Program, grant number NNX11AC38G. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize, and by the European Union A-ERC grant 291141 CHEMPLAN. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A45 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201323114 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE5LT UT WOS:000351877600045 ER PT J AU Noutsos, A Sobey, C Kondratiev, VI Weltevrede, P Verbiest, JPW Karastergiou, A Kramer, M Kuniyoshi, M Alexov, A Breton, RP Bilous, AV Cooper, S Falcke, H Griessmeier, JM Hassall, TE Hessels, JWT Keane, EF Oslowski, S Pilia, M Serylak, M Stappers, BW ter Veen, S van Leeuwen, J Zagkouris, K Anderson, K Bahren, L Bell, M Broderick, J Carbone, D Cendes, Y Coenen, T Corbel, S Eisloffel, J Fender, R Garsden, H Jonker, P Law, C Markoff, S Masters, J Miller-Jones, J Molenaar, G Osten, R Pietka, M Rol, E Rowlinson, A Scheers, B Spreeuw, H Staley, T Stewart, A Swinbank, J Wijers, R Wijnands, R Wise, M Zarka, P van der Horst, A AF Noutsos, A. Sobey, C. Kondratiev, V. I. Weltevrede, P. Verbiest, J. P. W. Karastergiou, A. Kramer, M. Kuniyoshi, M. Alexov, A. Breton, R. P. Bilous, A. V. Cooper, S. Falcke, H. Griessmeier, J. -M. Hassall, T. E. Hessels, J. W. T. Keane, E. F. Oslowski, S. Pilia, M. Serylak, M. Stappers, B. W. ter Veen, S. van Leeuwen, J. Zagkouris, K. Anderson, K. Bahren, L. Bell, M. Broderick, J. Carbone, D. Cendes, Y. Coenen, T. Corbel, S. Eisloeffel, J. Fender, R. Garsden, H. Jonker, P. Law, C. Markoff, S. Masters, J. Miller-Jones, J. Molenaar, G. Osten, R. Pietka, M. Rol, E. Rowlinson, A. Scheers, B. Spreeuw, H. Staley, T. Stewart, A. Swinbank, J. Wijers, R. Wijnands, R. Wise, M. Zarka, P. van der Horst, A. TI Pulsar polarisation below 200 MHz: Average profiles and propagation effects SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; polarization; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; scattering ID GALACTIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; FARADAY-ROTATION MEASUREMENTS; MILLISECOND PULSARS; RADIO-EMISSION; FREQUENCY-DEPENDENCE; INDIVIDUAL PULSES; ELECTRON-DENSITY; WAVE-PROPAGATION; POLARIMETRY; RADIATION AB Aims. We present the highest-quality polarisation profiles to date of 16 non-recycled pulsars and four millisecond pulsars, observed below 200 MHz with the LOFAR high-band antennas. Based on the observed profiles, we perform an initial investigation of expected observational effects resulting from the propagation of polarised emission in the pulsar magnetosphere and the interstellar medium. Methods. The polarisation data presented in this paper have been calibrated for the geometric-projection and beam-shape effects that distort the polarised information as detected with the LOFAR antennas. We have used RM Synthesis to determine the amount of Faraday rotation in the data at the time of the observations. The ionospheric contribution to the measured Faraday rotation was estimated using a model of the ionosphere. To study the propagation effects, we have compared our low-frequency polarisation observations with archival data at 240, 400, 600, and 1400 MHz. Results. The predictions of magnetospheric birefringence in pulsars have been tested using spectra of the pulse width and fractional polarisation from multifrequency data. The derived spectra off er only partial support for the expected effects of birefringence on the polarisation properties, with only about half of our sample being consistent with the model's predictions. It is noted that for some pulsars these measurements are contaminated by the effects of interstellar scattering. For a number of pulsars in our sample, we have observed significant variations in the amount of Faraday rotation as a function of pulse phase, which is possibly an artefact of scattering. These variations are typically two orders of magnitude smaller than that observed at 1400 MHz by Noutsos et al. (2009), for a different sample of southern pulsars. In this paper we present a possible explanation for the difference in magnitude of this effect between the two frequencies, based on scattering. Finally, we have estimated the magnetospheric emission heights of low-frequency radiation from four pulsars, based on the phase lags between the flux-density and the PA profiles, and the theoretical framework of Blaskiewicz et al. (1991, ApJ, 370, 643). These estimates yielded heights of a few hundred km; at least for PSR B1133+16, this is consistent with emission heights derived based on radius-to-frequency mapping, but is up to a few times larger than the recent upper limit based on pulsar timing. Conclusions. Our work has shown that models, like magnetospheric birefringence, cannot be the sole explanation for the complex polarisation behaviour of pulsars. On the other hand, we have reinforced the claim that interstellar scattering can introduce a rotation of the PA with frequency that is indistinguishable from Faraday rotation and also varies as a function of pulse phase. In one case, the derived emission heights appear to be consistent with the predictions of radius-to-frequency mapping at 150 MHz, although this interpretation is subject to a number of systematic uncertainties. C1 [Noutsos, A.; Verbiest, J. P. W.; Kramer, M.; Kuniyoshi, M.; Oslowski, S.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Sobey, C.; Kondratiev, V. I.; Falcke, H.; Hessels, J. W. T.; Pilia, M.; van Leeuwen, J.; Wise, M.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Weltevrede, P.; Kramer, M.; Cooper, S.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Ctr Astrophys, Jodrell Bank, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Verbiest, J. P. W.; Oslowski, S.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Karastergiou, A.; Zagkouris, K.; Broderick, J.; Fender, R.; Pietka, M.; Staley, T.; Stewart, A.] Oxford Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Alexov, A.; Osten, R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Breton, R. P.; Hassall, T. E.; Staley, T.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Bilous, A. V.; Falcke, H.; ter Veen, S.; Bahren, L.; Jonker, P.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Griessmeier, J. -M.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, LPC2E, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. [Keane, E. F.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Serylak, M.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys & Astron, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Kondratiev, V. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Griessmeier, J. -M.] Univ Orleans, OSUC, Stn Radioastron Nancay, Observ Paris,CNRS,INSU,USR 704, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Hessels, J. W. T.; van Leeuwen, J.; Carbone, D.; Cendes, Y.; Coenen, T.; Law, C.; Markoff, S.; Masters, J.; Miller-Jones, J.; Molenaar, G.; Rol, E.; Spreeuw, H.; Swinbank, J.; Wijers, R.; Wijnands, R.; Wise, M.; van der Horst, A.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Keane, E. F.; Bell, M.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Redfern, NSW 2016, Australia. [Anderson, K.] AURA, Southern Operat Ctr, Gemini Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Bell, M.] Frontier Technol Inc, Massachusetts Off, FTI Beverly, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. [Corbel, S.] Univ Paris 07, CEA Saclay, Unite Mixte Rech CEA, AIM,CNRS,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Eisloeffel, J.] Thuringer Landessternwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Garsden, H.] Univ Paris 07, CNRS, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,DSM,IRFU,SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Jonker, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Law, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Masters, J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Miller-Jones, J.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Zarka, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, UPMC, CNRS, LESIA,Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Rowlinson, A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Jonker, P.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Scheers, B.] Ctr Wiskunde & Informat, NL-1090 GB Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Noutsos, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. EM anoutsos@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de RI Miller-Jones, James/B-2411-2013; Kondratiev, Vladislav/N-1105-2015; Breton, Rene/A-5536-2017; OI Miller-Jones, James/0000-0003-3124-2814; Kondratiev, Vladislav/0000-0001-8864-7471; Breton, Rene/0000-0001-8522-4983; Swinbank, John/0000-0001-9445-1846; Wijers, Ralph/0000-0002-3101-1808; Staley, Tim/0000-0002-4474-5253; Bilous, Anna/0000-0002-7177-6987; Oslowski, Stefan/0000-0003-0289-0732 FU NWO Vidi fellowship; ERC Starting Grant "DRAGNET" [337062]; South Africa National Research Foundation Square Kilometre Array Research Fellowship FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Jaroslaw Dyks for a very constructive referee report. A.N. would also like to thank Dr. Norbert Wex for invaluable discussions and suggestions on the physics and analytic calculations presented in this paper. In addition, A.N. would like to extend his thanks to Prof. Joanna Rankin for stimulating discussions on the polarisation properties of pulsars, during the Extreme Astrophysics in an Ever-Changing Universe meeting in Ierapetra, Crete. LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array designed and constructed by ASTRON, has facilities in several countries, that are owned by various parties (each with their own funding sources), and that are collectively operated by the International LOFAR Telescope (ILT) foundation under a joint scientific policy. J.W.T.H. acknowledges funding from an NWO Vidi fellowship and ERC Starting Grant "DRAGNET" (337062). M.S. acknowledges support by the South Africa National Research Foundation Square Kilometre Array Research Fellowship. NR 83 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A62 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425186 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE5LT UT WOS:000351877600062 ER PT J AU Robitaille, TP AF Robitaille, T. P. TI On the modified random walk algorithm for Monte-Carlo radiation transfer (vol 520, A70, 2010) SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Correction DE radiative transfer; diffusion; circumstellar matter; methods: numerical; errata, addenda C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Robitaille, TP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM trobitaille@cfa.harvard.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR C1 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201015025e PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE5LT UT WOS:000351877600066 ER PT J AU Snellen, I de Kok, R Birkby, JL Brandl, B Brogi, M Keller, C Kenworthy, M Schwarz, H Stuik, R AF Snellen, I. de Kok, R. Birkby, J. L. Brandl, B. Brogi, M. Keller, C. Kenworthy, M. Schwarz, H. Stuik, R. TI Combining high-dispersion spectroscopy with high contrast imaging: Probing rocky planets around our nearest neighbors SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE infrared: planetary systems; techniques: imaging spectroscopy; techniques: high angular resolution; methods: data analysis ID TAU-BOOTIS-B; APODIZING PHASE PLATE; BETA-PICTORIS B; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; WATER-ABSORPTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ORBITAL MOTION; UPPER LIMIT; HD 189733B; HR 8799 AB Context. Ground-based high-dispersion (R similar to 100 000) spectroscopy (HDS) is proving to be a powerful technique with which to characterize extrasolar planets. The planet signal is distilled from the bright starlight, combining ral and time-differential filtering techniques. In parallel, high-contrast imaging (HCI) is developing rapidly, aimed at spatially separating the planet from the star. While HDS is limited by the overwhelming noise from the host star, HCI is limited by residual quasi-static speckles. Both techniques currently reach planet-star contrast limits down to similar to 10(-5), albeit for very different types of planetary systems. Aims. In this work, we discuss a way to combine HDS and HCI (HDS+HCI). For a planet located at a resolvable angular distance from its host star, the starlight can be reduced up to several orders of magnitude using adaptive optics and/or coronography. In addition, the remaining starlight can be filtered out using high-dispersion spectroscopy, utilizing the significantly different (or Doppler shifted) high-dispersion spectra of the planet and star. In this way, HDS+HCI can in principle reach contrast limits of similar to 10(-5) x10(-5), although in practice this will be limited by photon noise and/or sky-background. In contrast to current direct imaging techniques, such as Angular Differential Imaging and Spectral Differential Imaging, it will work well at small working angles and is much less sensitive to speckle noise. For the discovery of previously unknown planets HDS+HCI requires a high-contrast adaptive optics system combined with a high-dispersion R similar to 100 000 integral field spectrograph (IFS). This combination currently does not exist, but is planned for the European Extremely Large Telescope. Methods. We present simulations of HDS+HCI observations with the E-ELT, both probing thermal emission from a planet at infrared wavelengths, and starlight reflected off a planet atmosphere at optical wavelengths. For the infrared simulations we use the baseline parameters of the E-ELT and METIS instrument, with the latter combining extreme adaptive optics with an R = 100 000 IFS. We include realistic models of the adaptive optics performance and atmospheric transmission and emission. For the optical simulation we also assume R = 100 000 IFS with adaptive optics capabilities at the E-ELT. Results. One night of HDS+HCI observations with the E-ELT at 4.8 mu m (Delta lambda = 0.07 mu m) can detect a planet orbiting alpha CenA with a radius of R = 1.5 R-earth and a twin-Earth thermal spectrum of T-eq = 300 K at a signal-to-noise (S/N) of 5. In the optical, with a Strehl ratio performance of 0.3, reflected light from an Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri can be detected at a S/N of 10 in the same time frame. Recently, first HDS+HCI observations have shown the potential of this technique by determining the spin-rotation of the young massive exoplanet beta Pictoris b. Conclusions. The exploration of the planetary systems of our neighbor stars is of great scientific and philosophical value. The HDS+HCI technique has the potential to detect and characterize temperate rocky planets in their habitable zones. Exoplanet scientists should not shy away from claiming a significant fraction of the future ELTs to make such observations possible. C1 [Snellen, I.; de Kok, R.; Birkby, J. L.; Brandl, B.; Brogi, M.; Keller, C.; Kenworthy, M.; Schwarz, H.; Stuik, R.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [de Kok, R.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Birkby, J. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brogi, M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Snellen, I (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Postbus 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM snellen@strw.leidenuniv.nl FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [639.043.107]; NASA Sagan Fellowship; NASA Hubble Fellowship FX This work is part of the research programmes PEPSci and VICI 639.043.107, which are financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). J.L.B. acknowledges funding from a NASA Sagan Fellowship. M.B. acknowledges funding from a NASA Hubble Fellowship. NR 54 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2015 VL 576 AR A59 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425018 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE5LT UT WOS:000351877600059 ER PT J AU Nami, HG AF Nami, Hugo G. TI New Paleomagnetic results and evidence for a geomagnetic field excursion during the pleistocene-holocene transition at Pichincha province, Ecuador SO GEOFISICA INTERNACIONAL LA English DT Article DE Paleomagnetism; paleosecular variation; excursion; Pleistocene-Holocene transition; Holocene; South America ID EARTHS MAGNETIC-FIELD; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; SECULAR VARIATION; POLARITY REVERSALS; C-14 AGES; SEDIMENTS; LAKE; RECORD; MEXICO; BASIN AB Paleomagnetic data from three sedimentary sections in Pichincha province -Quito City (QC), Mullimica (Mu) and El Tingo (En- Ecuador (northwestern South America) are reported. Analysis of natural remanent magnetization directions obtained from 109 oriented samples taken at 4 sites, shows that some samples recorded a magnetic component different from the normal present geomagnetic field (GMF). The characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) was determined by progressive AF demagnetization. The analysis shows that the sections recorded ChRM of normal, intermediate and reverse polarities during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition and Holocene. Normal directions were recorded in QC, while normal and intermediate polarity directions at Mu and, reverse VGPs at ET. QC and the upper portion of Mu correspond to the paleosecular variation Holocene record for Ecuador during the similar to <= 4.7 ka BR On the other hand, the lower portion of Mu logs represents the transition from normal to intermediate directions occurring at similar to >= 5.6 ka BR Sites from Er recorded two stable oblique reverse records with a large fluctuation far from the present GMF at (similar to 10.5 ka BR The transitional virtual geomagnetic poles generally agree with those registered during the possible Pleistocene-Holocene excursion observed in other places of the planet. When plotted in a present world map, VGPs calculated from normal samples at QC are very well clustered in Northern North America, Greenland and Northern Europe; most VGP 's calculated from Mu are situated between 30 and 60 northern latitude in Northern North America, Greenland, western Europe, Africa and North Pacific Ocean. Interestingly, the majority of the reverse directions from ET conforms a patch located in southern Africa, and a few ones are situated in central Africa, eastern Australia and Antarctica. An Ecuadorian paleopole was calculated with data resulting from QC and Mu. Also other paleopoles of the same age were processed from other North and South American sites. Remarkably they agree well, although they do not agree with the geographical pole showing similar to 15 degrees angular difference in relation to the rotation 's axis of the Earth. Finally, is discussed the hypothesis of the global excursional state of the GMF during the last similar to 11.0 ka BP and the potential use as dating tool the excursion dated at 10.5 ka Bp. C1 [Nami, Hugo G.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, CONICET IGEBA, Dept Ciencias Geol,Lab Paleornagnetismo Daniel A, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Nami, Hugo G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Nami, HG (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, CONICET IGEBA, Dept Ciencias Geol,Lab Paleornagnetismo Daniel A, Ciudad Univ,Pabellon 2, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. FU University of Buenos Aires; CONICET; NSF; IAI program; NSF [ATM-9809285] FX I am deeply indebted to Ernesto Salazar and W. Mayer-Oakes (R.I.P.) for their continuous support of my work in the El Vale region and to Byron Camino for his friendship and invaluable help during the fieldwork. The University of Buenos Aires and CONICET for their support; H. Vizan for their continuous support and counseling during the processing and interpretation of the paleomagnetic data; G. Re for his help; AMS dating was kindly provided by the NSF and IAI program for Latin American Quaternary research to global change studies; and by NSF grant ATM-9809285 to the University of Colorado INSTAAR - Laboratory for AMS Radiocarbon Preparation and Research. Jocelyn Turnbull was very helpful during the AMS date processing. Dr. Helmut Erlenkeuser, Leibniz-Labor far Altersbestimmung und Isotopenforschung, Universitat Kiel Leibniz-Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research Kiel University (Germany) for his invaluable help and understanding during the processing of the radiocarbon data. An anonymous reviewer and J. Urrutia Fucugauchi provided useful observations, help and cooperation during the edition of this paper. NR 101 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU INST GEOPHYSICS UNAM PI MEXICO PA APDO POSTAL 22-118, DEL TLALPAN, MEXICO, 14000 D F, MEXICO SN 0016-7169 J9 GEOFIS INT JI Geofis. Int. PD APR-JUN PY 2015 VL 54 IS 2 BP 127 EP 148 PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CE5RJ UT WOS:000351893000002 ER PT J AU Toth, LT Aronson, RB Cobb, KM Cheng, H Edwards, RL Grothe, PR Sayani, HR AF Toth, Lauren T. Aronson, Richard B. Cobb, Kim M. Cheng, Hai Edwards, R. Lawrence Grothe, Pamela R. Sayani, Hussein R. TI Climatic and biotic thresholds of coral-reef shutdown SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; OSCILLATION; GALAPAGOS; HOLOCENE; DECLINE; RECORD; GROWTH AB Climate change is now the leading cause of coral-reef degradation and is altering the adaptive landscape of coral populations(1,2). Increasing sea temperatures and declining carbonate saturation states are inhibiting short-term rates of coral calcification, carbonate precipitation and submarine cementation(3-5). A critical challenge to coral-reef conservation is understanding the mechanisms by which environmental perturbations scale up to influence long-term rates of reef-framework construction and ecosystem function(6,7). Here we reconstruct climatic and oceanographic variability using corals sampled from a 6,750-year core from Pacific Panama. Simultaneous reconstructions of coral palaeophysiology and reef accretion allowed us to identify the climatic and biotic thresholds associated with a 2,500-year hiatus in vertical accretion beginning similar to 4,100 years ago(8). Stronger upwelling, cooler sea temperatures and greater precipitation-indicators of La Nina-like conditions-were closely associated with abrupt reef shutdown. The physiological condition of the corals deteriorated at the onset of the hiatus, corroborating theoretical predictions that the tipping points of radical ecosystem transitions should be manifested sublethally in the biotic constituents(9). Future climate change could cause similar threshold behaviours, leading to another shutdown in reef development in the tropical eastern Pacific. C1 [Toth, Lauren T.; Aronson, Richard B.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Marine Stn, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Aronson, Richard B.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Marine Stn, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Aronson, Richard B.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Cobb, Kim M.; Grothe, Pamela R.; Sayani, Hussein R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Cheng, Hai] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Global Environm Change, Xian 710049, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Hai; Edwards, R. Lawrence] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Toth, LT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM ltoth@usgs.gov FU Geological Society of America; American Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution's Marine Science Network; Natural Science Foundation of China [41230524] FX We are grateful to P. Swart, A. Rosenberg and A. Waite for providing assistance with geochemical analyses. We also thank M. Bush, P. Glynn, J. Trefry and R. van Woesik for advice and discussion. H. Guzman and S. Dos Santos of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute provided regional temperature and rainfall data for the proxy calibrations. This research was financially supported by a Graduate Student Research Grant from the Geological Society of America, a grant from the Lerner-Gray Fund for Marine Research of the American Museum of Natural History, grants from the Smithsonian Institution's Marine Science Network, and the Natural Science Foundation of China an no 41230524. Field work was carried out under permits from the Republic, of Panama. This paper is dedicated to IN memory of G. M. Wellington, whose research in Is eastern Pacific laid the foundations on which our work is built. This is Contribution 128 from the Institute for Research on Global Climate Change at the Florida Institute of Technology. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 54 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD APR PY 2015 VL 5 IS 4 BP 369 EP 374 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CE5AM UT WOS:000351842100023 ER PT J AU Yan, H Wei, W Soon, W An, ZS Zhou, WJ Liu, ZH Wang, YH Carter, RM AF Yan, Hong Wei, Wei Soon, Willie An, Zhisheng Zhou, Weijian Liu, Zhonghui Wang, Yuhong Carter, Robert M. TI Dynamics of the intertropical convergence zone over the western Pacific during the Little Ice Age SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUMMER MONSOON VARIABILITY; HOLOCENE ASIAN MONSOON; LAST MILLENNIUM; TROPICAL PACIFIC; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; SOUTH CHINA; SEA; RECORD; CORAL; LAKE AB Precipitation in low latitudes is primarily controlled by the position of the intertropical convergence zone, which migrates from south to north seasonally. The Little Ice Age (defined as AD 1400-1850) was associated with low solar irradiance and high atmospheric aerosol concentrations as a result of several large volcanic eruptions. The mean position of the intertropical convergence zone over the western Pacific has been proposed to have shifted southwards during this interval, which would lead to relatively dry Little Ice Age conditions in the northern extent of the intertropical convergence zone and wet conditions around its southern limit. However, here we present a synthesis of palaeo-hydrology records from the Asian-Australian monsoon area that documents a rainfall distribution that distinctly violates the expected pattern. Our synthesis instead documents a synchronous retreat of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and the Australian Summer Monsoon into the tropics during the Little Ice Age, a pattern supported by the results of our climate model simulation of tropical precipitation over the past millennium. We suggest that this pattern over the western Pacific is best explained by a contraction in the latitudinal range over which the intertropical convergence zone seasonally migrates during the Little Ice Age. We therefore propose that rather than a strict north-south migration, the intertropical convergence zone in this region may instead expand and contract over decadal to centennial timescales in response to external forcing. C1 [Yan, Hong; An, Zhisheng; Zhou, Weijian; Wang, Yuhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710061, Peoples R China. [Yan, Hong; An, Zhisheng; Zhou, Weijian] Joint Ctr Global Change Studies JCGS, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Wei, Wei] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. [Soon, Willie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Liu, Zhonghui] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Earth Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Carter, Robert M.] Inst Publ Affairs, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. RP Yan, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710061, Peoples R China. EM yanhong@ieecas.cn RI Liu, Zhonghui/D-3163-2009; Zhou, Weijian/D-3393-2015; AN, Zhisheng/F-8834-2012 OI Liu, Zhonghui/0000-0002-2168-8305; FU Natural Science Foundation of China [41403018]; Chinese Academy of Science; Ministry of Science and Technology of China FX Financial support for this research was provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, the Natural Science Foundation of China (41403018) and the Chinese Academy of Science. NR 50 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 9 U2 44 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 EI 1752-0908 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 8 IS 4 BP 315 EP 320 DI 10.1038/NGEO2375 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CE8HK UT WOS:000352082300024 ER PT J AU Laliberte, E Lambers, H Burgess, TI Wright, SJ AF Laliberte, Etienne Lambers, Hans Burgess, Treena I. Joseph Wright, S. TI Phosphorus limitation, soil-borne pathogens and the coexistence of plant species in hyperdiverse forests and shrublands SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE alpha diversity; Janzen-Connell hypothesis; kwongan; monodominance; mycorrhizal fungi; negative density dependence (NDD); plant-soil feedback; tropical rainforest ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; 2-MILLION-YEAR DUNE CHRONOSEQUENCE; NUTRIENT-ACQUISITION STRATEGIES; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; WEST BOTANICAL PROVINCE; ROOT LIFE-SPAN; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; TREE SEEDLINGS; MYCORRHIZAL COLONIZATION; PHYTOPHTHORA-CINNAMOMI AB Hyperdiverse forests occur in the lowland tropics, whereas the most species-rich shrublands are found in regions such as south-western Australia (kwongan) and South Africa (fynbos). Despite large differences, these ecosystems share an important characteristic: their soils are strongly weathered and phosphorus (P) is a key growth-limiting nutrient. Soil-borne pathogens are increasingly being recognized as drivers of plant diversity in lowland tropical rainforests, but have received little attention in species-rich shrublands. We suggest a trade-off in which the species most proficient at acquiring P have ephemeral roots that are particularly susceptible to soil-borne pathogens. This could equalize out the differences in competitive ability among co-occurring species in these ecosystems, thus contributing to coexistence. Moreover, effective protection against soil-borne pathogens by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi might explain the occurrence of monodominant stands of ECM trees and shrubs amongst otherwise species-rich communities. We identify gaps in our knowledge which need to be filled in order to evaluate a possible link between P limitation, fine root traits, soil-borne pathogens and local plant species diversity. Such a link may help to explain how numerous plant species can coexist in hyperdiverse rainforests and shrublands, and, conversely, how monodominant stands can develop in these ecosystems. C1 [Laliberte, Etienne; Lambers, Hans] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Burgess, Treena I.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Biotechnol, Ctr Phytophthora Sci & Management, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Joseph Wright, S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Laliberte, E (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. EM etienne.laliberte@uwa.edu.au RI Laliberte, Etienne/B-6855-2008; Lambers, Hans/A-1544-2008; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; Burgess, Treena/G-4770-2011 OI Laliberte, Etienne/0000-0002-3167-2622; Lambers, Hans/0000-0002-4118-2272; Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Burgess, Treena/0000-0002-7962-219X FU DECRA from Australian Research Council (ARC) [DE120100352]; ARC [ARC DP0985685]; Hermon Slade Foundation FX We thank P. Quevreux and G. Zemunik for help with the glasshouse experiment, G. Zemunik for the kwongan shrub species richness estimates and B. L. Turner for the kwongan soil data. We thank K. McGuire for providing photographs of monodominant and mixed stands from Guyana, and A. Simamora for photographs in Fig. 4. We thank F. P. Teste for comments on the text. E.L. was supported by a DECRA (DE120100352) from the Australian Research Council (ARC) and H.L. by an ARC Discovery (ARC DP0985685). We acknowledge research funding from the Hermon Slade Foundation to E. L. and T.I.B. NR 161 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 20 U2 120 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 206 IS 2 BP 507 EP 521 DI 10.1111/nph.13203 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CE3QD UT WOS:000351742300007 PM 25494682 ER PT J AU Atkin, OK Bloomfield, KJ Reich, PB Tjoelker, MG Asner, GP Bonal, D Bonisch, G Bradford, MG Cernusak, LA Cosio, EG Creek, D Crous, KY Domingues, TF Dukes, JS Egerton, JJG Evans, JR Farquhar, GD Fyllas, NM Gauthier, PPG Gloor, E Gimeno, TE Griffin, KL Guerrieri, R Heskel, MA Huntingford, C Ishida, FY Kattge, J Lambers, H Liddell, MJ Lloyd, J Lusk, CH Martin, RE Maksimov, AP Maximov, TC Malhi, Y Medlyn, BE Meir, P Mercado, LM Mirotchnick, N Ng, D Niinemets, U O'Sullivan, OS Phillips, OL Poorter, L Poot, P Prentice, IC Salinas, N Rowland, LM Ryan, MG Sitch, S Slot, M Smith, NG Turnbull, MH VanderWel, MC Valladares, F Veneklaas, EJ Weerasinghe, LK Wirth, C Wright, IJ Wythers, KR Xiang, J Xiang, S Zaragoza-Castells, J AF Atkin, Owen K. Bloomfield, Keith J. Reich, Peter B. Tjoelker, Mark G. Asner, Gregory P. Bonal, Damien Boenisch, Gerhard Bradford, Matt G. Cernusak, Lucas A. Cosio, Eric G. Creek, Danielle Crous, Kristine Y. Domingues, Tomas F. Dukes, Jeffrey S. Egerton, John J. G. Evans, John R. Farquhar, Graham D. Fyllas, Nikolaos M. Gauthier, Paul P. G. Gloor, Emanuel Gimeno, Teresa E. Griffin, Kevin L. Guerrieri, Rossella Heskel, Mary A. Huntingford, Chris Ishida, Francoise Yoko Kattge, Jens Lambers, Hans Liddell, Michael J. Lloyd, Jon Lusk, Christopher H. Martin, Roberta E. Maksimov, Ayal P. Maximov, Trofim C. Malhi, Yadvinder Medlyn, Belinda E. Meir, Patrick Mercado, Lina M. Mirotchnick, Nicholas Ng, Desmond Niinemets, UElo O'Sullivan, Odhran S. Phillips, Oliver L. Poorter, Lourens Poot, Pieter Prentice, I. Colin Salinas, Norma Rowland, Lucy M. Ryan, Michael G. Sitch, Stephen Slot, Martijn Smith, Nicholas G. Turnbull, Matthew H. VanderWel, Mark C. Valladares, Fernando Veneklaas, Erik J. Weerasinghe, Lasantha K. Wirth, Christian Wright, Ian J. Wythers, Kirk R. Xiang, Jen Xiang, Shuang Zaragoza-Castells, Joana TI Global variability in leaf respiration in relation to climate, plant functional types and leaf traits SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE acclimation; aridity; climate models; leaf nitrogen (N); photosynthesis; plant functional types (PFTs); respiration; temperature ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; TERRESTRIAL CARBON-CYCLE; TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; DARK RESPIRATION; THERMAL-ACCLIMATION; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; VEGETATION MODELS; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; NITROGEN CONCENTRATION; SCALING RELATIONSHIPS AB Leaf dark respiration (R-dark) is an important yet poorly quantified component of the global carbon cycle. Given this, we analyzed a new global database of R-dark and associated leaf traits. Data for 899 species were compiled from 100 sites (from the Arctic to the tropics). Several woody and nonwoody plant functional types (PFTs) were represented. Mixed-effects models were used to disentangle sources of variation in R-dark. Area-based R-dark at the prevailing average daily growth temperature (T) of each siteincreased only twofold from the Arctic to the tropics, despite a 20 degrees C increase in growing T (8-28 degrees C). By contrast, R-dark at a standard T (25 degrees C, R-dark(25)) was threefold higher in the Arctic than in the tropics, and twofold higher at arid than at mesic sites. Species and PFTs at cold sites exhibited higher R-dark(25) at a given photosynthetic capacity (V-cmax(25)) or leaf nitrogen concentration ([N]) than species at warmer sites. R-dark(25) values at any given V-cmax(25) or [N] were higher in herbs than in woody plants. The results highlight variation in R-dark among species and across global gradients in T and aridity. In addition to their ecological significance, the results provide a framework for improving representation of R-dark in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) and associated land-surface components of Earth system models (ESMs). C1 [Atkin, Owen K.; Xiang, Jen] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, ARC Ctr Excellence Plant Energy Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Atkin, Owen K.; Bloomfield, Keith J.; Creek, Danielle; Crous, Kristine Y.; Egerton, John J. G.; Evans, John R.; Farquhar, Graham D.; Gauthier, Paul P. G.; Heskel, Mary A.; Meir, Patrick; Ng, Desmond; O'Sullivan, Odhran S.; Weerasinghe, Lasantha K.; Xiang, Jen; Xiang, Shuang] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Plant Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Reich, Peter B.; Wythers, Kirk R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Reich, Peter B.; Tjoelker, Mark G.; Creek, Danielle; Crous, Kristine Y.; Gimeno, Teresa E.; Medlyn, Belinda E.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Asner, Gregory P.; Martin, Roberta E.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bonal, Damien] INRA, UMR Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres 1137, F-54280 Champenoux, France. [Boenisch, Gerhard; Kattge, Jens] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Bradford, Matt G.] CSIRO Land & Water, Trop Forest Res Ctr, Atherton, Qld, Australia. [Cernusak, Lucas A.; Ishida, Francoise Yoko; Lloyd, Jon] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Cernusak, Lucas A.; Ishida, Francoise Yoko; Lloyd, Jon] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Cosio, Eric G.; Salinas, Norma] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Secc Quim, Lima, Peru. [Domingues, Tomas F.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dukes, Jeffrey S.; Smith, Nicholas G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Fyllas, Nikolaos M.] Univ Athens, Fac Biol, Dept Systemat & Ecol, Athens 15784, Greece. [Gauthier, Paul P. G.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Gloor, Emanuel; Phillips, Oliver L.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS9 2JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Griffin, Kevin L.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Guerrieri, Rossella; Meir, Patrick; Rowland, Lucy M.; Zaragoza-Castells, Joana] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland. [Guerrieri, Rossella] Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Huntingford, Chris; Mercado, Lina M.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [Lambers, Hans; Poot, Pieter; Veneklaas, Erik J.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Liddell, Michael J.] James Cook Univ, Discipline Chem, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Liddell, Michael J.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainable Sci, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Lloyd, Jon; Prentice, I. Colin] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Lusk, Christopher H.] Univ Waikato, Dept Biol Sci, Hamilton, New Zealand. [Maksimov, Ayal P.; Maximov, Trofim C.] RAS, IBPC, Siberian Branch, Inst Biol Problems Cryolithozone, Yakutsk, Russia. [Malhi, Yadvinder] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Medlyn, Belinda E.; Prentice, I. Colin; Wright, Ian J.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Mercado, Lina M.; Sitch, Stephen; Zaragoza-Castells, Joana] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [Mirotchnick, Nicholas] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada. [Ng, Desmond] Natl Parks Board HQ, Singapore Bot Gardens, Singapore 259569, Singapore. [Niinemets, UElo] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Dept Plant Physiol, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Poorter, Lourens] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Slot, Martijn; VanderWel, Mark C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Slot, Martijn] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Salinas, Norma; Turnbull, Matthew H.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Christchurch, New Zealand. [VanderWel, Mark C.] Univ Regina, Dept Biol, Regina, SK S4S 3M4, Canada. [Valladares, Fernando] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, LINC Global, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Weerasinghe, Lasantha K.] Univ Peradeniya, Fac Agr, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka. [Weerasinghe, Lasantha K.] Univ Leipzig, Inst Spezielle Bot & Funkt Biodiversitat, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Xiang, Shuang] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. RP Atkin, OK (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, ARC Ctr Excellence Plant Energy Biol, Bldg 134, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM Owen.Atkin@anu.edu.au RI Niinemets, Ulo/A-3816-2008; Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009; Kattge, Jens/J-8283-2016; Tjoelker, Mark/M-2413-2016; Evans, John/C-8424-2009; Lambers, Hans/A-1544-2008; Griffin, Kevin/B-2629-2013; Atkin, Owen/C-8415-2009; Meir, Patrick/J-8344-2012; FARQUHAR, GRAHAM/A-3722-2008; Smith, Nicholas/B-7126-2015; Gimeno, Teresa/C-8770-2011; Egerton, John/B-6391-2008; Cernusak, Lucas/A-6859-2011; Sitch, Stephen/F-8034-2015; Wright, Ian/G-4979-2012; Veneklaas, Erik/C-8907-2009; Bradford, Matt/D-3389-2011; Salinas, Norma/K-8960-2015; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008; Domingues, Tomas/G-9707-2011; Lloyd, Jonathan/F-8893-2010; Rossella, Guerrieri/F-5229-2016; Huntingford, Chris/A-4307-2008; OI Niinemets, Ulo/0000-0002-3078-2192; Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743; Kattge, Jens/0000-0002-1022-8469; Tjoelker, Mark/0000-0003-4607-5238; Lambers, Hans/0000-0002-4118-2272; Griffin, Kevin/0000-0003-4124-3757; Atkin, Owen/0000-0003-1041-5202; Smith, Nicholas/0000-0001-7048-4387; Gimeno, Teresa/0000-0002-1707-9291; Egerton, John/0000-0002-8657-5109; Cernusak, Lucas/0000-0002-7575-5526; Sitch, Stephen/0000-0003-1821-8561; Wright, Ian/0000-0001-8338-9143; Veneklaas, Erik/0000-0002-7030-4056; Salinas, Norma/0000-0001-9941-2109; Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738; Domingues, Tomas/0000-0003-2857-9838; Lloyd, Jonathan/0000-0002-5458-9960; Rossella, Guerrieri/0000-0001-5247-0432; Fyllas, Nikolaos/0000-0002-5651-5578; Cosio, Eric/0000-0001-6993-5654; Medlyn, Belinda/0000-0001-5728-9827; Huntingford, Chris/0000-0002-5941-7770 FU New Phytologist Trust; Research School of Biology, ANU; TRY initiative; DIVERSITAS; IGBP; Global Land Project; UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through QUEST (Quantifying and Understanding the Earth System); French Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB); GIS Climat Environnement et Societe; Australian Research Council [FT0991448, DP0986823, DP1093759, DP130101252, CE140100008, FT110100457]; Australian SuperSite Network part of the Australian Government's Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network; UK NERC [NE/C51621X/1, 709 NE/F002149/1]; Moore Foundation FX We thank the New Phytologist Trust for its generous support of the 8th New Phytologist Workshop ('Improving representation of leaf respiration in large-scale predictive climate-vegetation models') held at the Australian National University in 2013. Support for the workshop was also provided by the Research School of Biology, ANU. The study was also supported by the TRY initiative on plant traits (http://www.try-db.org). The TRY initiative and database are hosted, developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany and is/has been supported by DIVERSITAS, IGBP, the Global Land Project, the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) through QUEST (Quantifying and Understanding the Earth System), the French Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB), and GIS Climat Environnement et Societe. We thank Ben Long and Kaoru Kitajima for providing valuable data, input in earlier analyses/discussions and/or comments on draft versions of this manuscript. The support of the Australian Research Council to O.K.A. (FT0991448, DP0986823, DP1093759, DP130101252 and CE140100008) and P.M. (FT110100457) is acknowledged, and O.K.A., K.J.B., M.B. and M.J.L. also acknowledge the support of the Australian SuperSite Network, part of the Australian Government's Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (www.tern.org.au) and P.M. acknowledges the support of UK NERC (NE/C51621X/1, 709 NE/F002149/1). Collection of unpublished trait and respiration data from 19 RAINFOR floristic inventory plots was supported by a Moore Foundation grant to O.L.P., Y.M. and J.L. NR 147 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 34 U2 254 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 206 IS 2 BP 614 EP 636 DI 10.1111/nph.13253 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CE3QD UT WOS:000351742300017 PM 25581061 ER PT J AU Anderson, JD AF Anderson, John D., Jr. TI Riding the Crest: A History of Michigan's Aerospace Engineering Department SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB In 2014, the University of Michigan celebrated the 100th anniversary of the first formally organized academic program in aeronautical engineering in the world. Since 1914, the University has offered a degree program in a field that was to become one of the most important technological developments in the 20th century: the airplane, and later the space vehicle. Michigan's aeronautical engineering program was the first of its kind. Moreover, throughout its history, it rode the crest of major advancements in aeronautical and space technology. Because of its relevance and importance to all members of the aerospace community today, we tell its story here. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Anderson, JD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD APR PY 2015 VL 53 IS 4 BP 805 EP 816 DI 10.2514/1.J053112 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA CE0BF UT WOS:000351466300001 ER PT J AU Baginsky, C Brito, B Scherson, R Pertuze, R Seguel, O Canete, A Araneda, C Johnson, WE AF Baginsky, Cecilia Brito, Belen Scherson, Rosita Pertuze, Ricardo Seguel, Oscar Canete, Alejandro Araneda, Cristian Johnson, Warren E. TI Genetic diversity of Rhizobium from nodulating beans grown in a variety of Mediterranean climate soils of Chile SO ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Proteobacteria; Phaseolus vulgaris; 16S rDNA; nodC; Volcanic soil ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; SP-NOV; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; NITROGEN-FIXATION; TROPICI STRAINS; ETLI STRAINS; PH TOLERANCE; NODULES; LEGUMINOSARUM; BRAZIL AB In spite of potentially being an important source of rhizobial diversity and a key determinant of common bean productivity, there is a paucity of data on Rhizobium genetic variation and species composition in the important bean producing area of Chile and only one species has been documented (Rhizobium leguminosarum). In this study, 240 Rhizobium isolates from Torcaza bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) nodules established in the highest bean producing area in Chile (33A degrees 34'S-70A degrees 38'W and 37A degrees 36'S-71A degrees 47'W) were characterized by PCR-RFLP markers for nodC gene, revealing eight banding patterns with the polymorphic enzyme Hinf I. The locality of San Agustin de Aurora in Central Chile (35A degrees 32'S-71A degrees 29'W) had the highest level of diversity. Isolates were classified by species using PCR-RFLP markers for 16S rDNA gene and were confirmed by sequencing an internal fragment of the 16S rDNA gene. The results confirmed the presence of R. leguminosarum and three other species of rhizobia nodulating beans in South Central Chile (R. etli, R. tropici and R. leucaenae). R. tropici and R. leucaenae showed the least genetic variation and were most commonly identified in acid soils, while R. etli was the most common species in slightly acidic to moderately alkaline soils, with higher levels of organic matter content. R. leguminosarum was identified in almost all soils, was the most genetically diverse, and was the most common, being documented in soils with pH that ranged between 5.3 and 8.2, and with organic matter content between 2.1 and 4 %. C1 [Baginsky, Cecilia; Pertuze, Ricardo; Seguel, Oscar; Canete, Alejandro] Univ Chile, Dept Agr Prod, Fac Ciencias Agron, Santiago, Chile. [Brito, Belen] Univ Politecn Madrid, Ctr Biotecnol & Genom Plantas UPM INIA, ETS Ingn Agron, Madrid, Spain. [Scherson, Rosita] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Forestales & Conservac Nat, Santiago, Chile. [Araneda, Cristian] Univ Chile, Dept Anim Prod, Fac Ciencias Agron, Santiago, Chile. [Johnson, Warren E.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Baginsky, C (reprint author), Univ Chile, Dept Agr Prod, Fac Ciencias Agron, Santa Rosa 11-315, Santiago, Chile. EM cbaginsk@uchile.cl RI Pertuze, Ricardo/H-8264-2013; OI Pertuze, Ricardo/0000-0002-3657-3789; Araneda, Cristian/0000-0002-9986-5340 FU "Direccion de Investigacion - Universidad de Chile" [DI REIN 04/05] FX We thank the staff from the "Departamento de Biotecnologia E.T.S. Ingenieros Agronomos, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid" and the "Centro de Investigacion y Formacion Agraria-Las Torres" for providing the reference strains. Also the authors thank the "Direccion de Investigacion - Universidad de Chile", for financing this study under Project DI REIN 04/05. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0302-8933 EI 1432-072X J9 ARCH MICROBIOL JI Arch. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 197 IS 3 BP 419 EP 429 DI 10.1007/s00203-014-1067-y PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CD9FC UT WOS:000351402200007 PM 25533847 ER PT J AU Forrester, TD Casady, DS Wittmer, HU AF Forrester, Tavis D. Casady, David S. Wittmer, Heiko U. TI Home sweet home: fitness consequences of site familiarity in female black-tailed deer SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Forage availability; Home range; Odocoileus hemionus columbianus; Predation; Puma concolor; Private information ID PUMAS PUMA-CONCOLOR; PREY SHELL GAMES; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; TEMPORAL VARIATION; HABITAT SELECTION; RANGE FIDELITY; PREDATION; BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY; SCALE AB Individual animals strive to maximize fitness by gaining access to food while minimizing predation risk, and spatial knowledge of both forage resources and predation risks has long been presumed to be advantageous. Actual fitness benefits of site familiarity, however, have rarely been demonstrated. We placed GPS collars on 57 female black-tailed deer in coastal California over 4 years to track seasonal movements, determine home ranges, and monitor survival and cause of mortality. We used seasonal home ranges and core areas as measures of site familiarity and modeled how mortality risk varied with use of familiar areas, forage availability, age class, and elevational overlap with simultaneously collared pumas using Cox proportional hazards models. The use of familiar areas was the best predictor of mortality risk, and deer that had a 40 % probability of leaving their home range in a given week were four times more likely to die. Puma predation was the largest cause of mortality, and deer whose average weekly elevation was farther from the average elevation of pumas were less likely to die. While forage availability was not related to mortality risk, deer with lower forage availability were more likely to leave their home range during both summer and winter. Our results provide a rare example of fitness benefits associated with site familiarity and the use of familiar areas as a refuge from predation. The benefits of site familiarity are likely widespread in ungulates, especially when there are stable home ranges, complex habitats, and few cues of predation risk. C1 [Forrester, Tavis D.] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Casady, David S.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Large Mammal Conservat Program, Sacramento, CA 95811 USA. [Wittmer, Heiko U.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. RP Forrester, TD (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk,1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM forrestert@si.edu RI Wittmer, Heiko/D-4172-2015 OI Wittmer, Heiko/0000-0002-8861-188X FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife [P0880013]; California Deer Association FX This study was funded by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (Contract #P0880013 to HUW) and the California Deer Association. TDF thanks the Robert and Patricia Switzer Foundation Environmental Fellowship Program, the UC Davis Graduate Group in Ecology, and the Stockton Sportsmen's Club. We thank our dedicated field crew for their efforts during 4 years of fieldwork. Finally, we thank D. Kelt, A. Latimer, and A. Sih and two anonymous reviewers for their comments that greatly improved this manuscript. NR 64 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 14 U2 58 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 EI 1432-0762 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 BP 603 EP 612 DI 10.1007/s00265-014-1871-z PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CD6XX UT WOS:000351235100010 ER PT J AU Galil, BS Boero, F Campbell, ML Carlton, JT Cook, E Fraschetti, S Gollasch, S Hewitt, CL Jelmert, A Macpherson, E Marchini, A McKenzie, C Minchin, D Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A Ojaveer, H Olenin, S Piraino, S Ruiz, GM AF Galil, Bella S. Boero, Ferdinando Campbell, Marnie L. Carlton, James T. Cook, Elizabeth Fraschetti, Simonetta Gollasch, Stephan Hewitt, Chad L. Jelmert, Anders Macpherson, Enrique Marchini, Agnese McKenzie, Cynthia Minchin, Dan Occhipinti-Ambrogi, Anna Ojaveer, Henn Olenin, Sergej Piraino, Stefano Ruiz, Gregory M. TI 'Double trouble': the expansion of the Suez Canal and marine bioinvasions in the Mediterranean Sea SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Letter ID BOTTLENECK C1 [Galil, Bella S.] Natl Inst Oceanog, Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, IL-31080 Haifa, Israel. [Boero, Ferdinando; Fraschetti, Simonetta; Piraino, Stefano] Univ Salento, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Lecce, Italy. [Campbell, Marnie L.; Hewitt, Chad L.] Univ Waikato, Sch Sci, Hamilton, New Zealand. [Carlton, James T.] Williams College Myst Seaport, Maritime Studies Program, Mystic, CT USA. [Cook, Elizabeth] Scottish Marine Inst, Oban, Argyll, Scotland. [Gollasch, Stephan] GoConsult, Hamburg, Germany. [Jelmert, Anders] Inst Marine Res, Flodevigen Marine Res Stn, His, Norway. [Macpherson, Enrique] CSIC, Ctr Estudios Avanzados Blanes, Blanes, Girona, Spain. [Marchini, Agnese; Occhipinti-Ambrogi, Anna] Univ Pavia, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [McKenzie, Cynthia] Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Ctr, St John, NF, Canada. [Minchin, Dan] Marine Organism Invest, Killaloe, Co Clare, Ireland. [Ojaveer, Henn] Univ Tartu, Estonian Marine Inst, Parnu, Estonia. [Olenin, Sergej] Klaipeda Univ, Coastal Res & Planning Inst, Klaipeda, Lithuania. [Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Galil, BS (reprint author), Natl Inst Oceanog, Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, IL-31080 Haifa, Israel. EM bella@ocean.org.il; ferdinando.boero@unisalento.it; mcampbel@waikato.ac.nz; James.T.Carlton@williams.edu; Elizabeth.Cook@sams.ac.uk; simona.fraschetti@unisalento.it; sgollasch@aol.com; chewitt@waikato.ac.nz; anders.jelmert@imr.no; macpherson@ceab.csic.es; agnese.marchini@unipv.it; Cynthia.Mckenzie@dfo-mpo.gc.ca; moiireland@yahoo.ie; occhipin@unipv.it; henn.ojaveer@ut.ee; sergej@corpi.ku.lt; stefano.piraino@unisalento.it; ruizg@si.edu RI Piraino, Stefano/J-5234-2012; Marchini, Agnese/J-9256-2012; Ojaveer, Henn/K-2160-2016; OI Piraino, Stefano/0000-0002-8752-9390; Marchini, Agnese/0000-0003-4580-0522; Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth /0000-0002-1466-6802; Ojaveer, Henn/0000-0003-2742-6063; Boero, Ferdinando/0000-0002-6317-2710; Fraschetti, Simonetta/0000-0002-1780-1651; OCCHIPINTI, ANNA CARMEN/0000-0002-5737-8317; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X NR 11 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD APR PY 2015 VL 17 IS 4 BP 973 EP 976 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0778-y PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD6KF UT WOS:000351197300001 ER PT J AU Rose, RA Byler, D Eastman, JR Fleishman, E Geller, G Goetz, S Guild, L Hamilton, H Hansen, M Headley, R Hewson, J Horning, N Kaplin, BA Laporte, N Leidner, A Leinagruber, P Morisette, J Musinsky, J Pintea, L Prados, A Radeloff, VC Rowen, M Saatchi, S Schil, S Tabor, K Turner, W Vodacek, A Vogelnaann, J Wegmann, M Wilkie, D AF Rose, Robert A. Byler, Dirck Eastman, J. Ron Fleishman, Erica Geller, Gary Goetz, Scott Guild, Liane Hamilton, Healy Hansen, Matt Headley, Rachel Hewson, Jennifer Horning, Ned Kaplin, Beth A. Laporte, Nadine Leidner, Allison Leinagruber, Peter Morisette, Jeffrey Musinsky, John Pintea, Lilian Prados, Ana Radeloff, Volker C. Rowen, Mary Saatchi, Sassan Schil, Steve Tabor, Karyn Turner, Woody Vodacek, Anthony Vogelnaann, James Wegmann, Martin Wilkie, David TI Ten ways remote sensing can contribute to conservation SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE applied research; biodiversity; priority setting; remote sensing ID PROTECTED AREAS; GOLDEN EAGLES; MIGRATION; HABITAT; QUESTIONS; DIVERSITY; PAYMENTS; SERVICES; IMPACTS; SCIENCE AB In an effort to increase conservation effectiveness through the use of Earth observation technologies, a group of remote sensing scientists affiliated with government and academic institutions and conservation organizations identified 10 questions in conservation for which the potential to be answered would be greatly increased by use of remotely sensed data and analyses of those data. Our goals were to increase conservation practitioners' use of remote sensing to support their work, increase collaboration between the conservation science and remote sensing communities, identify and develop new and innovative uses of remote sensing for advancing conservation science, provide guidance to space agencies on how future satellite missions can support conservation science, and generate support from the public and private sector in the use of remote sensing data to address the 10 conservation questions. We identified a broad initial list of questions on the basis of an email chain-referral survey. We then used a workshop-based iterative and collaborative approach to whittle the list down to these final questions (which represent 10 major themes in conservation): How can global Earth observation data be used to model species distributions and abundances? How can remote sensing improve the understanding of animal movements? How can remotely sensed ecosystem variables be used to understand, monitor, and predict ecosystem response and resilience to multiple stressors? How can remote sensing be used to monitor the effects of climate on ecosystems? How can near real-time ecosystem monitoring catalyze threat reduction, governance and regulation compliance, and resource management decisions? How can remote sensing inform configuration of protected area networks at spatial extents relevant to populations of target species and ecosystem services? How can remote sensing-derived products be used to value and monitor changes in ecosystem services? How can remote sensing be used to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of conservation efforts? How does the expansion and intensification of agriculture and aquaculture alter ecosystems and the services they provide? How can remote sensing be used to determine the degree to which ecosystems are being disturbed or degraded and the effects of these changes on species and ecosystem functions? C1 [Rose, Robert A.; Wilkie, David] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Conservat Support, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Byler, Dirck] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Int Affairs, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Eastman, J. Ron] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Fleishman, Erica] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Geller, Gary] CALTECH, NASA Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Goetz, Scott; Laporte, Nadine] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Guild, Liane] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Hamilton, Healy] NatureServe, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Hansen, Matt] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Headley, Rachel] US Geol Survey, Sci Support Landsat Project, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Hewson, Jennifer; Tabor, Karyn] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Horning, Ned] Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Kaplin, Beth A.] Antioch Univ New England, Dept Environm Studies, Keene, NH 03431 USA. [Leidner, Allison] Univ Space Res Assoc, NASA Earth Sci Div, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Leinagruber, Peter] Conservat Ecol Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Morisette, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, North Cent Climate Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Musinsky, John] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Pintea, Lilian] Jane Goodall Inst, Vienna, VA 22182 USA. [Prados, Ana] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol JCET, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, SILVIS Lab, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rowen, Mary] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20541 USA. [Saatchi, Sassan] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Schil, Steve] Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Turner, Woody] NASA, Div Earth Sci, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Vodacek, Anthony] Rochester Inst Technol, Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Vogelnaann, James] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Wegmann, Martin] Univ Wurzburg, Dept Remote Sensing, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. NOAA, Div Environm Res, NMFS, SWFSC, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. RP Rose, RA (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, Conservat Support, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. EM rrose@wcs.org RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016; Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015; Vodacek, Anthony/F-1585-2011; Goetz, Scott/A-3393-2015; OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X; Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153; Vodacek, Anthony/0000-0001-9196-0928; Goetz, Scott/0000-0002-6326-4308; Wegmann, Martin/0000-0003-0335-9601; Geller, Gary/0000-0002-4490-6002; Vogelmann, James/0000-0002-0804-5823 FU NASA Earth Sciences Division [NNX12AP70G]; NASA FX We thank L. Choo from WCS for the logistical assistance provided and NASA Earth Sciences Division for their support through grant NNX12AP70G. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The research described in this article was in part carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the NASA. Government sponsorship acknowledged. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 16 U2 126 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 29 IS 2 BP 350 EP 359 DI 10.1111/cobi.12397 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD8NY UT WOS:000351353400006 PM 25319024 ER PT J AU Truelove, NK Griffiths, S Ley-Cooper, K Azueta, J Majil, I Box, SJ Behringer, DC Butler, MJ Preziosi, RF AF Truelove, Nathan K. Griffiths, Sarah Ley-Cooper, Kim Azueta, James Majil, Isaias Box, Stephen J. Behringer, Donald C. Butler, Mark J. Preziosi, Richard F. TI Genetic evidence from the spiny lobster fishery supports international cooperation among Central American marine protected areas SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Connectivity; Sustainable fisheries; Conservation; Population genetics; Kinship analysis; Spatial management; Panulirus argus ID PANULIRUS-ARGUS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; F-STATISTICS; REEF FISHES; R-PACKAGE; CONNECTIVITY; DIFFERENTIATION; RESERVE; MARKERS AB Marine protected areas (MPAs) are an important ecosystem-based management approach to help improve the sustainability of the spiny lobster fishery (Panulirus argus), but information is lacking concerning levels of lobster population connectivity among MPAs. Given their prolonged (similar to 6 months) pelagic larval duration, population connectivity must be considered in any spatial management plan for P. argus. We used genetic techniques to uncover spatial patterns of connectivity among MPAs along the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef (MBRS) of Central America. We hypothesized that connectivity would be greater and genetic differentiation diminished among lobster populations within MPAs in the southern MBRS, which is dominated by a retentive oceanographic environment, as compared to MPAs in the more advective environment further north. We found that levels of connectivity are high among spiny lobster populations residing in MPAs in Central America, although overall F (ST) was low (F (ST) = 0.00013) but significant (P = 0.037). MPAs in the northern MBRS contained significantly more individuals that were genetically determined outliers or migrants than southern MPAs (P = 0.008, R (2) = 0.61), which may have contributed to the higher levels of genetic differentiation observed in northern MPAs. Direct genetic testing of larvae and adults will be required to confirm this hypothesis. The high level of connectivity among MPAs provides additional evidence of the importance of international cooperation in the management of Caribbean lobster fisheries. However, uncertainty regarding the ecological and physical drivers of genetic differentiation in Northern MPAs implies that managers should hedge against uncertainty. C1 [Truelove, Nathan K.; Griffiths, Sarah; Preziosi, Richard F.] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. [Ley-Cooper, Kim] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Bentley, WA, Australia. [Azueta, James; Majil, Isaias] Belize Minist Agr & Fisheries, Belize Fisheries Dept, Belize City, Belize. [Behringer, Donald C.] Univ Florida, Fisheries & Aquat Sci Program, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Behringer, Donald C.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Butler, Mark J.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Truelove, NK (reprint author), Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM trueloven@gmail.com RI Preziosi, Richard/A-8626-2010 OI Preziosi, Richard/0000-0003-0468-6655 FU Sustainable Consumption Institute; Faculty of Life Sciences at the University of Manchester; US National Science Foundation [OCE-0928930] FX We are grateful for the logistical support provided by the Belize Fisheries Department biologists and rangers and staff at Glover's Reef Marine Reserve managed by the Wildlife Conservation Society. We would particularly like to thank James Azueta and Isaias Majil at the Belize Fisheries Department. Without their help and hard work this research project would not have been possible. Numerous individuals helped to collect samples throughout Central America. We would also like to thank the Comision Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas in Mexico and particularly Maria del Carmen Garcia Rivas for her assistance at Banco Chinchorro. We thank the following individuals for help with sample collection and logistics: Dr. Alfonso Aguilar (Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan Mexico); Miguel Alamilla, Kira Forman, Luis Novelo, Elias Cantun, Samuel Novelo, Martinez, Merve, Shakera Arnold, Ali, Aldo, and Islop, Wilfredo Pott and Barbi Gentle (Belize Fisheries) Friederike Clever (University of Manchester); Alex Tilley, Danny Wesby, Janet Gibson, and Sarah Pacyna (Wildlife Conservation Society); and Alicia Medina (WWF). This research was supported by funding for a PhD fellowship for NKT from the Sustainable Consumption Institute and Faculty of Life Sciences at the University of Manchester, and by a grant (OCE-0928930) from the US National Science Foundation to MJB and DCB. This is manuscript contribution number 966 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, Florida. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 EI 1572-9737 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD APR PY 2015 VL 16 IS 2 BP 347 EP 358 DI 10.1007/s10592-014-0662-4 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA CD7RA UT WOS:000351287400008 ER PT J AU Ross, C Olsen, K Henry, M Pierce, R AF Ross, Cliff Olsen, Kevin Henry, Michael Pierce, Richard TI Mosquito control pesticides and sea surface temperatures have differential effects on the survival and oxidative stress response of coral larvae SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coral; Elevated temperature; Florida keys; Mosquito pesticide; Oxidative stress; Porites astreoides ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE; PORITES-ASTREOIDES; FLORIDA-KEYS; ALGAL SYMBIONTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REEFS; TOXICITY; PERMETHRIN; INCREASE; LIFE AB The declining health of coral reefs is intensifying worldwide at an alarming rate due to the combined effects of land-based sources of pollution and climate change. Despite the persistent use of mosquito control pesticides in populated coastal areas, studies examining the survival and physiological impacts of early life-history stages of non-targeted marine organisms are limited. In order to better understand the combined effects of mosquito pesticides and rising sea surface temperatures, we exposed larvae from the coral Porites astreoides to selected concentrations of two major mosquito pesticide ingredients, naled and permethrin, and seawater elevated +3.5 degrees C. Following 18-20 h of exposure, larvae exposed to naled concentrations of 2.96 mu g L-1 or greater had significantly reduced survivorship compared to controls. These effects were not detected in the presence of permethrin or elevated temperature. Furthermore, larval settlement, post-settlement survival and zooxanthellae density were not impacted by any treatment. To evaluate the sub-lethal stress response of larvae, several oxidative stress endpoints were utilized. Biomarker responses to pesticide exposure were variable and contingent upon pesticide type as well as the specific biomarker being employed. In some cases, such as with protein carbonylation and catalase gene expression, the effects of naled exposure and temperature were interactive. In other cases pesticide exposure failed to induce any sublethal stress response. Overall, these results demonstrate that P. astreoides larvae have a moderate degree of resistance against short-term exposure to ecologically relevant concentrations of pesticides even in the presence of elevated temperature. In addition, this work highlights the importance of considering the complexity and differential responses encountered when examining the impacts of combined stressors that occur on varying spatial scales. C1 [Ross, Cliff] Univ N Florida, Dept Biol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Olsen, Kevin] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Henry, Michael; Pierce, Richard] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. RP Ross, C (reprint author), Univ N Florida, Dept Biol, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM cliff.ross@unf.edu FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's program [13062]; Florida's Wildlife Legacy Initiative; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's State Wildlife Grants program FX We thank Amanda Andersen, Chelsea Metzgar, Paige Duffin and Rhian Smith from UNF for assistance with larval collection, counting and laboratory experiments. We also thank Erich Bartels and Kim Ritchie of Mote Marine Laboratory and Valerie Paul of the Smithsonian Marine Station with field assistance. In addition, we thank Patricia Blum of Mote for pesticide sample processing and analyses. This work was supported by grant # 13062 from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's program, Florida's Wildlife Legacy Initiative, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's State Wildlife Grants program awarded to CR and RP. This work was conducted under permit no. FKNMS-2013-011 issued by the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. This is contribution # 977 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 48 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 EI 1573-3017 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD APR PY 2015 VL 24 IS 3 BP 540 EP 552 DI 10.1007/s10646-014-1402-8 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA CD5WV UT WOS:000351160300007 PM 25527297 ER PT J AU Altieri, AH Gedan, KB AF Altieri, Andrew H. Gedan, Keryn B. TI Climate change and dead zones SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE dissolved oxygen; ecosystem function; estuaries; eutrophication; hypoxia; ocean acidification; sea-level rise; temperature ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; COASTAL EUTROPHICATION; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; CHESAPEAKE BAY; GLOBAL CHANGE; BALTIC SEA; SHALLOW ESTUARIES; THERMAL TOLERANCE; MACROALGAL BLOOMS AB Estuaries and coastal seas provide valuable ecosystem services but are particularly vulnerable to the co-occurring threats of climate change and oxygen-depleted dead zones. We analyzed the severity of climate change predicted for existing dead zones, and found that 94% of dead zones are in regions that will experience at least a 2 degrees C temperature increase by the end of the century. We then reviewed how climate change will exacerbate hypoxic conditions through oceanographic, ecological, and physiological processes. We found evidence that suggests numerous climate variables including temperature, ocean acidification, sea-level rise, precipitation, wind, and storm patterns will affect dead zones, and that each of those factors has the potential to act through multiple pathways on both oxygen availability and ecological responses to hypoxia. Given the variety and strength of the mechanisms by which climate change exacerbates hypoxia, and the rates at which climate is changing, we posit that climate change variables are contributing to the dead zone epidemic by acting synergistically with one another and with recognized anthropogenic triggers of hypoxia including eutrophication. This suggests that a multidisciplinary, integrated approach that considers the full range of climate variables is needed to track and potentially reverse the spread of dead zones. C1 [Altieri, Andrew H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. [Gedan, Keryn B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, Program Sustainable Dev & Conservat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gedan, Keryn B.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Altieri, AH (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Balboa 0843-03092, Ancon, Panama. EM altieria@si.edu FU NOAA National Estuarine Research Reserve System; RI SeaGrant; US EPA; David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Our research on dead zones has been supported by the NOAA National Estuarine Research Reserve System, RI SeaGrant, US EPA, a David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Comments by D. Breitburg improved earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 107 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 46 U2 265 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1395 EP 1406 DI 10.1111/gcb.12754 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD6QM UT WOS:000351214100005 PM 25385668 ER PT J AU Evans, DC Barrett, PM Brink, KS Carrano, MT AF Evans, David C. Barrett, Paul M. Brink, Kirstin S. Carrano, Matthew T. TI Osteology and bone microstructure of new, small theropod dinosaur material from the early Late Cretaceous of Morocco SO GONDWANA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Theropoda; Africa; Cretaceous; Ceratosauria; Osteohistology ID MASIAKASAURUS-KNOPFLERI; DETERMINATE GROWTH; EVOLUTION; MADAGASCAR; PHYLOGENY AB The 'Kern Kern beds' of Morocco have yielded abundant material of large-bodied theropod dinosaurs, but remains of small theropod taxa are rare. Here, we describe two femora that provide additional information on the diversity of small-bodied theropods in the Gondwanan mid-Cretaceous. An almost complete femur (ROM 64666) represents a noasaurid theropod based on the presence of an elongate anteromedial flange that arises from the distal shaft and terminates proximal to the distal end of the bone; osteohistological analysis indicates that it was from a juvenile individual. It is possible that this femur represents a juvenile Deltadromeus, which is recovered as a putative noasaurid in some phylogenetic analyses. Nevertheless, as the affinities of Deltadromeus are debated, this femur currently represents the first definitive record of a noasaurid from northern Africa and one of the few records of this clade from the early Late Cretaceous. Moreover, if this specimen is not a juvenile Deltadromeus then it probably represents a new addition to the Kern Kem theropod assemblage. A second partial femur (ROM 65779) can be identified only as an indeterminate averostran theropod. It is similar in size to ROM 64666, but the presence of an external fundamental system (EFS) indicates that it pertained to a small-sized adult individual. These observations indicate that the two femora described herein are from different theropod taxa, thereby demonstrating that at least one additional small-bodied theropod taxon was present in the Kern Kern fauna, adding to the already high theropod species-richness of this unit. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Gondwana Research. All rights reserved. C1 [Evans, David C.] Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Barrett, Paul M.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Earth Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Evans, David C.; Brink, Kirstin S.] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada. [Carrano, Matthew T.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Evans, DC (reprint author), Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, 100 Queens Pk, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. EM davide@rom.on.ca; p.barrett@nhm.ac.uk; kirstin.brink@mail.utoronto.ca; carranom@si.edu RI Barrett, Paul/A-2648-2010; Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011 OI Barrett, Paul/0000-0003-0412-3000; Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant); Royal Ontario Museum FX We thank the editors for their invitation to contribute to this special issue. We thank B. Boyle for photography, N. Campione for assistance with body mass estimations, K. Seymour and B. Iwama for collections support, and I. Morrison for preparing the fossils, and for making molds and casts of the specimens prior to thin sectioning (all based at the ROM). D.C.E. thanks the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant) and the Royal Ontario Museum for funding. O.W.M. Rauhut and M.C. Lamanna reviewed an earlier version of this manuscript, and provided many comments that improved the final version. Translations of Accarie et al. (1995), Bonaparte and Novas (1985), and Stromer (1931) are available on the Polyglot Paleontologist website (www.paleoglot.org). NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1342-937X EI 1878-0571 J9 GONDWANA RES JI Gondwana Res. PD APR PY 2015 VL 27 IS 3 SI SI BP 1034 EP 1041 DI 10.1016/j.gr.2014.03.016 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CD2OL UT WOS:000350918800009 ER PT J AU Becker, MH Walke, JB Murrill, L Woodhams, DC Reinert, LK Rollins-Smith, LA Burzynski, EA Umile, TP Minbiole, KPC Belden, LK AF Becker, Matthew H. Walke, Jenifer B. Murrill, Lindsey Woodhams, Douglas C. Reinert, Laura K. Rollins-Smith, Louise A. Burzynski, Elizabeth A. Umile, Thomas P. Minbiole, Kevin P. C. Belden, Lisa K. TI Phylogenetic distribution of symbiotic bacteria from Panamanian amphibians that inhibit growth of the lethal fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antifungal; chytridiomycosis; disease; probiotic; secondary metabolites; skin bacteria ID SALAMANDER PLETHODON-CINEREUS; PLANT-ASSOCIATED BACTERIUM; GIANT LINEAR PLASMIDS; CUTANEOUS BACTERIA; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; ANTIFUNGAL METABOLITES; SKIN BACTERIA; RANA-MUSCOSA; COMMUNITY; EVOLUTION AB The introduction of next-generation sequencing has allowed for greater understanding of community composition of symbiotic microbial communities. However, determining the function of individual members of these microbial communities still largely relies on culture-based methods. Here, we present results on the phylogenetic distribution of a defensive functional trait of cultured symbiotic bacteria associated with amphibians. Amphibians are host to a diverse community of cutaneous bacteria and some of these bacteria protect their host from the lethal fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) by secreting antifungal metabolites. We cultured over 450 bacterial isolates from the skins of Panamanian amphibian species and tested their interactions with Bd using an in vitro challenge assay. For a subset of isolates, we also completed coculture experiments and found that culturing isolates with Bd had no effect on inhibitory properties of the bacteria, but it significantly decreased metabolite secretion. In challenge assays, approximately 75% of the bacterial isolates inhibited Bd to some extent and these inhibitory isolates were widely distributed among all bacterial phyla. Although there was no clear phylogenetic signal of inhibition, three genera, Stenotrophomonas, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas, had a high proportion of inhibitory isolates (100%, 77% and 73%, respectively). Overall, our results demonstrate that antifungal properties are phylogenetically widespread in symbiotic microbial communities of Panamanian amphibians and that some functional redundancy for fungal inhibition occurs in these communities. We hope that these findings contribute to the discovery and development of probiotics for amphibians that can mitigate the threat of chytridiomycosis. C1 [Becker, Matthew H.; Walke, Jenifer B.; Murrill, Lindsey; Belden, Lisa K.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Woodhams, Douglas C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Reinert, Laura K.; Rollins-Smith, Louise A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Reinert, Laura K.; Rollins-Smith, Louise A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Reinert, Laura K.; Rollins-Smith, Louise A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Rollins-Smith, Louise A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Burzynski, Elizabeth A.; Umile, Thomas P.; Minbiole, Kevin P. C.] Villanova Univ, Dept Chem, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. RP Becker, MH (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Natl Zool Pk,MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM BeckerM@si.edu OI Umile, Thomas/0000-0003-3077-6689 FU Virginia Tech Department of Biological Sciences; Fralin Life Sciences Institute at Virginia Tech; National Science Foundation [DEB-1136640, DEB-113662, IOS-0520847, IOS-1121758] FX We would like to thank J. Becker for insightful comments and review of the manuscript, and B. Gratwicke, J. Hite and R. Ibanez for technical assistance. We also wish to thank L. House and S. Loftus for statistical assistance. This research was funded by the Virginia Tech Department of Biological Sciences, the Fralin Life Sciences Institute at Virginia Tech, and the National Science Foundation (DEB-1136640 to K.P.C.M.; DEB-113662 to L.K.B.; IOS-0520847 and IOS-1121758 to L.A.R-S). Permission to sample amphibians, as well as to collect, export and import samples, was provided by the Panamanian environmental authority (ANAM) and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. This study's methods were also approved by Virginia Tech's Animal Care and Use Committee. NR 83 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1628 EP 1641 DI 10.1111/mec.13135 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CE2GC UT WOS:000351631500017 PM 25737297 ER PT J AU Legates, DR Soon, W Briggs, WM Christopher Brenchley AF Legates, David R. Soon, Willie Briggs, William M. Christopher Monckton of Brenchley TI Climate Consensus and 'Misinformation': A Rejoinder to Agnotology, Scientific Consensus, and the Teaching and Learning of Climate Change SO SCIENCE & EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; SCIENCE; VARIABILITY; UNCERTAINTIES; CREDIBILITY; TEMPERATURE; RADIATION; POLICY; FUTURE; MODEL AB Agnotology is the study of how ignorance arises via circulation of misinformation calculated to mislead. Legates et al. (Sci Educ 22:2007-2017, 2013) had questioned the applicability of agnotology to politically-charged debates. In their reply, Bedford and Cook (Sci Educ 22:2019-2030, 2013), seeking to apply agnotology to climate science, asserted that fossil-fuel interests had promoted doubt about a climate consensus. Their definition of climate 'misinformation' was contingent upon the post-modernist assumptions that scientific truth is discernible by measuring a consensus among experts, and that a near unanimous consensus exists. However, inspection of a claim by Cook et al. (Environ Res Lett 8:024024, 2013) of 97.1 % consensus, heavily relied upon by Bedford and Cook, shows just 0.3 % endorsement of the standard definition of consensus: that most warming since 1950 is anthropogenic. Agnotology, then, is a two-edged sword since either side in a debate may claim that general ignorance arises from misinformation allegedly circulated by the other. Significant questions about anthropogenic influences on climate remain. Therefore, Legates et al. appropriately asserted that partisan presentations of controversies stifle debate and have no place in education. C1 [Legates, David R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Soon, Willie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Legates, DR (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM legates@udel.edu NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-7220 EI 1573-1901 J9 SCI EDUC-NETHERLANDS JI Sci. Educ. PD APR PY 2015 VL 24 IS 3 BP 299 EP 318 DI 10.1007/s11191-013-9647-9 PG 20 WC Education & Educational Research; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Education & Educational Research; History & Philosophy of Science GA CD8VV UT WOS:000351375400004 ER PT J AU Arriaga-Varela, E Tomaszewska, W Shockley, FW AF Arriaga-Varela, Emmanuel Tomaszewska, Wioletta Shockley, Floyd W. TI Two new species of Epipocus (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) from Mexico and Costa Rica, with a discussion on species groups in Epipocus SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CUCUJOIDEA AB Two new species of Epipocus Germar (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) are described: Epipocus olmecus new species from Veracruz, Mexico, and E. costatus new species from Puntarenas, Costa Rica. The species groups of Epipocus proposed by Strohecker are discussed and a modified key to the E. rufitarsis group accommodating these two new species is provided. C1 [Arriaga-Varela, Emmanuel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Colecc Nacl Insectos Dept Zool, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Tomaszewska, Wioletta] Polish Acad Sci, Museum & Inst Zool, PL-00679 Warsaw, Poland. [Shockley, Floyd W.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Arriaga-Varela, E (reprint author), Inst Ecol AC, Red Ecoetol, Carretera Antigua Coatepec 351, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico. EM biorbit@hotmail.com NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0008-347X EI 1918-3240 J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 147 IS 2 BP 148 EP 157 DI 10.4039/tce.2014.43 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CD2AF UT WOS:000350875200002 ER PT J AU Angelier, F Vleck, CM Holberton, RL Marra, PP AF Angelier, Frederic Vleck, Carol M. Holberton, Rebecca L. Marra, Peter P. TI Bill size correlates with telomere length in male American Redstarts SO JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Telomeres; Body size; Development; Setophaga ruticilla ID LONG-LIVED BIRD; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DYNAMICS; GROWTH; WILD; CORTICOSTERONE; SURVIVAL; IMMUNITY; MORPHOLOGY; SPARROWS AB Telomere length (TL) has been shown to be a potential predictor of survival in wild vertebrates, and, as a consequence, there is growing interest in understanding the causes of inter-individual variability in TL. In that context, developmental conditions deserve a specific attention because they are thought to be a major driver of telomere shortening. Because poor developmental conditions can accelerate telomere shortening and impair growth (resulting in a small adult size), a positive correlation between TL and body size is expected. However, and surprisingly, the relationship between body size and telomere length has rarely been described in wild vertebrates. Here, we specifically examined this question in hatch-year (HY) and after hatch-year (AHY) male wintering American Redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla). Although tarsus size was not related to TL, we found a significant positive correlation between bill size and TL in HY male Redstarts, therefore supporting the idea that determinants of some components of individual size are also important determinants of TL in young birds. Moreover, this positive relationship between bill size and TL was also found for AHY birds, suggesting that adult TL may be, at least partly, explained by the telomere dynamics that occurred during the developmental phase. C1 [Angelier, Frederic] CNRS, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France. [Angelier, Frederic; Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Angelier, Frederic; Vleck, Carol M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Holberton, Rebecca L.] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Lab Avian Biol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Angelier, F (reprint author), CNRS, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France. EM angelier@cebc.cnrs.fr FU NSF [0717338, 0649679]; European Community [237034] FX This study was supported by NSF Grants to PPM (0717338, 0649679) and RLH (0717338). F.A. was supported by the 7th research programme of the European Community FP7/2007-2013 (Marie-Curie Fellowship, 237034). We are very grateful to J. Serb from Iowa State University for her help in the optimization of the primers and to N. Valenzuela for her help with the use of the qPCR equipment. We thank E. Corliss, J.L. Dowling, J.H. Junda, S.R. Sult, M.A. Thomas and C.M. Tonra for their assistance in the field and C. Foote, M. Shultz, and D. Vleck for their help in the laboratory. We thank the Petroleum Corporation of Jamaica for permission to conduct this research at the Font Hill Nature Preserve and Yvette Strong and Andrea Donaldson of the Jamaica National Environmental Planning Agency for their cooperation. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0021-8375 EI 1439-0361 J9 J ORNITHOL JI J. Ornithol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 156 IS 2 BP 525 EP 531 DI 10.1007/s10336-015-1158-9 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA CD4QU UT WOS:000351069300019 ER PT J AU Regier, JC Mitter, C Davis, DR Harrison, TL Sohn, JC Cummings, MP Zwick, A Mitter, KT AF Regier, Jerome C. Mitter, Charles Davis, Donald R. Harrison, Terry L. Sohn, Jae-Cheon Cummings, Michael P. Zwick, Andreas Mitter, Kim T. TI A molecular phylogeny and revised classification for the oldest ditrysian moth lineages (Lepidoptera: Tineoidea), with implications for ancestral feeding habits of the mega-diverse Ditrysia SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CODING NUCLEAR GENES; SYSTEMATIC POSITION; BUTTERFLIES; EVOLUTION; TINEIDAE; PSYCHIDAE; PATTERNS AB The Tineoidea are the earliest-originating extant superfamily of the enormous clade Ditrysia, whose 152000+ species make up 98% of the insect order Lepidoptera. Though more diverse than all non-ditrysian superfamilies put together (3719 vs 2604 species), the tineoids are not especially species-rich among ditrysian superfamilies. Their phylogenetic position, however, makes tineoids potentially important for understanding the causes of ditrysian hyperdiversity, through their effect on inferences about the traits of ancestral ditrysians. To reconstruct early ditrysian evolution, we need a firmly established ground plan for tineoids themselves, which in turn requires a robust knowledge of their biodiversity and phylogeny. Tineoid systematics is under-studied. The description of the world fauna remains very patchy, especially in the largest family, Tineidae, and phylogenetic studies within and among families have been few. Recently, molecular analyses have shown strong promise for advancing tineoid systematics. Here we present the largest tineoid molecular study to date, sampling five to 19 nuclear gene regions (6.6-14.7kb) in 62 species, representing all tineoid groups ever assigned family rank, 25 of the 31 subfamilies recognized in recent classifications, and 40 genera spanning the morphological diversity of Tineidae, for which monophyly has not been established. Phylogenetic analysis used maximum likelihood, with synonymous substitutions alternatively included and excluded. The main findings confirm and extend those of other recent studies, as follows: (i) monophyly is strongly supported for Psychidae subsuming Arrhenophanidae, for Eriocottidae, and for Tineidae subsuming Acrolophidae but excluding Dryadaulinae and two genera previously assigned to Meessiinae; (ii) two new families are described, Dryadaulidae stat. rev. and Meessiidae stat. rev., based on subfamilies previously included in Tineidae but strongly excluded from this and all other families by our molecular results; (iii) Doleromorpha, formerly placed in Meessiinae sensu lato, is likewise here excluded from Tineidae, but left incertae sedis pending better characterization of what is potentially another new family; (iv) basal division of Tineidae sensu novo into tineine' and acrolophine' lineages is moderately to strongly supported, but most subfamily relationships within these lineages are very weakly supported, and polyphyly is confirmed for Meessiinae and Myrmecozelinae as previously defined; (v) basal division of Psychidae sensu novo into arrhenophanine' and psychine' lineages is moderately to strongly supported, as are most subfamily relationships within these lineages; (vi) Tineoidea are paraphyletic with respect to all other Ditrysia when synonymous substitutions are eliminated, with branching order (Meessiidae stat. rev. (Psychidae sensu novo ((Eriocottidae (Dryadaulidae stat. rev.+Doleromorpha)) (Tineidae sensu novo+all other Ditrysia)))). Support for tineoid non-monophyly varies, among the relevant nodes and among analyses, from weak to moderate to strong; and (vii) paraphyly of Tineoidea, coupled with parsimony mapping of feeding habits on the molecular phylogeny, suggests that the earliest ditrysians may typically have been detritivores and/or fungivores as larvae, like most extant tineoids, rather than host-specific feeders on higher plants, as in most non-ditrysians and most non-tineoid Ditrysia, i.e., the great majority of Lepidoptera. Thus, radiation of Ditrysia, a leading example of insect diversification linked to that of higher plants, may have started with reversion to feeding habits more like those of ancestral amphiesmenopterans. C1 [Regier, Jerome C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mitter, Charles; Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Mitter, Kim T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Harrison, Terry L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Cummings, Michael P.] Univ Maryland, Lab Mol Evolut, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zwick, Andreas] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Australian Natl Insect Collect, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Mitter, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM cmitter@umd.edu RI Zwick, Andreas/A-5735-2015 FU U.S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program [0531626, 0531769]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DBI-0755048]; Hatch funds of the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station FX We are greatly indebted to the following generous colleagues for providing specimens used in this study: Leif Aarvik, David Agassiz, Joaquin Baixeras, John W. Brown, Soowon Cho, Timothy P. Friedlander, Jaga Giebultowicz, Peter Hattenschwiler, Akito Y. Kawahara, Bernard Landry, Jean-Francois Landry, David C. Lees, Marcus J. Matthews, Wolfram Mey, Andrew Mitchell, Ebbe S. Nielsen, Kenji Nishida and Jadranka Rota. Financial support was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program, award numbers 0531626 and 0531769; the U.S. National Science Foundation award DBI-0755048; and the Hatch funds of the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station. Karolyn Darrow, Donald Harvey, Vichai Malikul, and Young Sohn assisted with the photographs and line illustrations. We thank Erik van Nieukerken and two anonymous reviewers for exceptionally thorough reviews that substantially improved the manuscript. We dedicate this paper to the memory of Gaden Robinson, who did so much to advance the study of Tineoidea. NR 61 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD APR PY 2015 VL 40 IS 2 BP 409 EP 432 DI 10.1111/syen.12110 PG 24 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA CD3ML UT WOS:000350982700008 ER PT J AU Moreno, J Torrey, P Ellison, SL Patton, DR Bluck, AFL Bansal, G Hernquist, L AF Moreno, Jorge Torrey, Paul Ellison, Sara L. Patton, David R. Bluck, Asa F. L. Bansal, Gunjan Hernquist, Lars TI Mapping galaxy encounters in numerical simulations: the spatial extent of induced star formation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: interactions; galaxies: star formation ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; GAS-RICH MERGERS; INTERACTING GALAXIES; ANTENNAE GALAXIES; MAJOR MERGERS; CLOSE PAIRS; MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; FORMATION HISTORIES; INFRARED GALAXIES AB We employ a suite of 75 simulations of galaxies in idealized major mergers (stellar mass ratio similar to 2.5:1), with a wide range of orbital parameters, to investigate the spatial extent of interaction-induced star formation. Although the total star formation in galaxy encounters is generally elevated relative to isolated galaxies, we find that this elevation is a combination of intense enhancements within the central kpc and moderately suppressed activity at larger galactocentric radii. The radial dependence of the star formation enhancement is stronger in the less massive galaxy than in the primary, and is also more pronounced in mergers of more closely aligned disc spin orientations. Conversely, these trends are almost entirely independent of the encounter's impact parameter and orbital eccentricity. Our predictions of the radial dependence of triggered star formation, and specifically the suppression of star formation beyond kpc-scales, will be testable with the next generation of integral-field spectroscopic surveys. C1 [Moreno, Jorge] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Phys & Astron, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Moreno, Jorge; Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Moreno, Jorge; Ellison, Sara L.; Bluck, Asa F. L.; Bansal, Gunjan] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Torrey, Paul] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Patton, David R.] Trent Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Bansal, Gunjan] Univ Delhi, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Delhi 110007, India. [Bansal, Gunjan] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Moreno, J (reprint author), Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Phys & Astron, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. EM moreno@uvic.ca OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786 FU FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University; Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; Natural Science and Engineering Research FX The computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University. JM acknowledges the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics for partial funding, and Phil Hopkins for being a wonderful host towards the end of this project. JM, SLE, DRP, and AFLB are funded by the Natural Science and Engineering Research. GB thanks MITACS for making her stay in Victoria possible. The authors thank the referee, Frederic Bournaud, for a timely review that greatly improved this paper - as well as Phil Hopkins and Florent Renaud for useful discussions on an earlier draft. JM thanks the organizers and participants of 3D2014: Gas and stars in galaxies: A multi-wavelength 3D perspective (Munich, 2014 March) and Galaxies in 3D across the universe (Vienna, 2014 July) for instigating incredibly engaging discussions on this subject. NR 103 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 2 BP 1107 EP 1117 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv094 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3UB UT WOS:000350274500006 ER PT J AU Pintore, F Esposito, P Zampieri, L Motta, S Wolter, A AF Pintore, Fabio Esposito, Paolo Zampieri, Luca Motta, Sara Wolter, Anna TI Spectral variability in Swift and Chandra observations of the ultraluminous source NGC 55 ULX1 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; galaxies: individual: NGC 55; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: galaxies; X-rays: individuals: NGC 55 ULX1; X-rays: individuals: XMMU J001528.9-391319 ID X-RAY SOURCES; SUPER-EDDINGTON ACCRETION; HOLMBERG IX X-1; MASS BLACK-HOLE; RADIATION-MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; MINOR MERGER SCENARIO; ESO 243-49 HLX-1; XMM-NEWTON; ENERGY-SPECTRA; DISK ACCRETION AB NGC 55 ULX1 is a bright Ultraluminous X-ray source located 1.78 Mpc away. We analysed a sample of 20 Swift observations, taken between 2013 April and August, and two Chandra observations taken in 2001 September and 2004 June. We found only marginal hints of a limited number of dips in the light curve, previously reported to occur in this source, although the uncertainties due to the low counting statistics of the data are large. The Chandra and Swift spectra showed clearly spectral variability which resembles those observed in other ULXs. We can account for this spectral variability in terms of changes in both the normalization and intrinsic column density of a two-component model consisting of a blackbody (for the soft component) and a multicolour accretion disc (for the hard component). We discuss the possibility that strong outflows ejected by the disc are in part responsible for such spectral changes. C1 [Pintore, Fabio] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy. [Esposito, Paolo] INAF, Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Esposito, Paolo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zampieri, Luca] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Motta, Sara] ESAC, E-28692 Madrid, Spain. [Wolter, Anna] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-20121 Milan, Italy. RP Pintore, F (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy. EM fabio.pintore@dsf.unica.it OI Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835; Zampieri, Luca/0000-0002-6516-1329; Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092 FU INAF [PRIN-2011-1]; ASI/INAF [I/004/11/0, I/037/12/0]; Fulbright Research Scholar grant FX We thank the anonymous referee for the useful comments and suggestions. FP, PE, LZ, and AW acknowledge financial support from the INAF research grant PRIN-2011-1 ('Challenging Ultraluminous X-ray sources: chasing their BHs and formation pathways') and the ASI/INAF contract I/004/11/0 and ASI/INAF n. I/037/12/0. PE acknowledges a Fulbright Research Scholar grant administered by the U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission and is grateful to the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for hosting him during his Fulbright exchange. This research is based on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory and has made use of software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC, operated for NASA by SAO) in the application packages CIAO and CHIPS. This research is based on observations with the NASA/UKSA/ASI mission Swift. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 2 BP 1153 EP 1161 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv028 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3UB UT WOS:000350274500009 ER PT J AU Rumble, D Hatchell, J Gutermuth, RA Kirk, H Buckle, J Beaulieu, SF Berry, DS Broekhoven-Fiene, H Currie, MJ Fich, M Jenness, T Johnstone, D Mottram, JC Nutter, D Pattle, K Pineda, JE Quinn, C Salji, C Tisi, S Walker-Smith, S Di Francesco, J Hogerheijde, MR Ward-Thompson, D Allen, LE Cieza, LA Dunham, MM Harvey, PM Stapelfeldt, KR Bastien, P Butner, H Chen, M Chrysostomou, A Coude, S Davis, CJ Drabek-Maunder, E Duarte-Cabral, A Fiege, J Friberg, P Friesen, R Fuller, GA Graves, S Greaves, J Gregson, J Holland, W Joncas, G Kirk, JM Knee, LBG Mairs, S Marsh, K Matthews, BC Moriarty-Schieven, G Rawlings, J Richer, J Robertson, D Rosolowsky, E Sadavoy, S Thomas, H Tothill, N Viti, S White, GJ Wilson, CD Wouterloot, J Yates, J Zhu, M AF Rumble, D. Hatchell, J. Gutermuth, R. A. Kirk, H. Buckle, J. Beaulieu, S. F. Berry, D. S. Broekhoven-Fiene, H. Currie, M. J. Fich, M. Jenness, T. Johnstone, D. Mottram, J. C. Nutter, D. Pattle, K. Pineda, J. E. Quinn, C. Salji, C. Tisi, S. Walker-Smith, S. Di Francesco, J. Hogerheijde, M. R. Ward-Thompson, D. Allen, L. E. Cieza, L. A. Dunham, M. M. Harvey, P. M. Stapelfeldt, K. R. Bastien, P. Butner, H. Chen, M. Chrysostomou, A. Coude, S. Davis, C. J. Drabek-Maunder, E. Duarte-Cabral, A. Fiege, J. Friberg, P. Friesen, R. Fuller, G. A. Graves, S. Greaves, J. Gregson, J. Holland, W. Joncas, G. Kirk, J. M. Knee, L. B. G. Mairs, S. Marsh, K. Matthews, B. C. Moriarty-Schieven, G. Rawlings, J. Richer, J. Robertson, D. Rosolowsky, E. Sadavoy, S. Thomas, H. Tothill, N. Viti, S. White, G. J. Wilson, C. D. Wouterloot, J. Yates, J. Zhu, M. TI The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: evidence for radiative heating in Serpens MWC 297 and its influence on local star formation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE radiative transfer; catalogues; stars: formation; stars: protostars; H II regions; submillimetre: general ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; PERSEUS MOLECULAR CLOUD; HERBIG-AE/BE STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR; SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS; CLERK MAXWELL TELESCOPE; SPITZER C2D SURVEY; CLASS-I PROTOSTARS; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; AQUILA RIFT AB We present SCUBA-2 450 and 850 mu m observations of the Serpens MWC 297 region, part of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) Gould Belt Survey of nearby star-forming regions. Simulations suggest that radiative feedback influences the star formation process and we investigate observational evidence for this by constructing temperature maps. Maps are derived from the ratio of SCUBA-2 fluxes and a two-component model of the JCMT beam for a fixed dust opacity spectral index of beta = 1.8. Within 40 arcsec of the B1.5Ve Herbig star MWC 297, the submillimetre fluxes are contaminated by free-free emission with a spectral index of 1.03 +/- 0.02, consistent with an ultracompact H II region and polar winds/jets. Contamination accounts for 73 +/- 5 per cent and 82 +/- 4 per cent of peak flux at 450 mu m and 850 mu m, respectively. The residual thermal disc of the star is almost undetectable at these wavelengths. Young stellar objects (YSOs) are confirmed where SCUBA-2 850 mu m clumps identified by the FELLWALKER algorithm coincide with Spitzer Gould Belt Survey detections. We identify 23 objects and use T-bol to classify nine YSOs with masses 0.09 to 5.1 M-circle dot. We find two Class 0, one Class 0/I, three Class I and three Class II sources. The mean temperature is 15 +/- 2 K for the nine YSOs and 32 +/- 4 K for the 14 starless clumps. We observe a starless clump with an abnormally high mean temperature of 46 +/- 2 K and conclude that it is radiatively heated by the star MWC 297. Jeans stability provides evidence that radiative heating by the star MWC 297 may be suppressing clump collapse. C1 [Rumble, D.; Hatchell, J.; Duarte-Cabral, A.] Univ Exeter, Phys & Astron, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Gutermuth, R. A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Kirk, H.; Johnstone, D.; Di Francesco, J.; Knee, L. B. G.; Matthews, B. C.; Moriarty-Schieven, G.] Natl Res Council Canada, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Buckle, J.; Salji, C.; Walker-Smith, S.; Graves, S.; Richer, J.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Buckle, J.; Salji, C.; Walker-Smith, S.; Graves, S.; Richer, J.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Beaulieu, S. F.; Fich, M.; Tisi, S.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Berry, D. S.; Currie, M. J.; Jenness, T.; Johnstone, D.; Friberg, P.; Thomas, H.; Wouterloot, J.] Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Broekhoven-Fiene, H.; Johnstone, D.; Di Francesco, J.; Chen, M.; Mairs, S.; Matthews, B. C.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Jenness, T.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mottram, J. C.; Hogerheijde, M. R.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Nutter, D.; Quinn, C.; Marsh, K.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Pattle, K.; Ward-Thompson, D.; Kirk, J. M.] Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England. [Pineda, J. E.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Pineda, J. E.; Fuller, G. A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Allen, L. E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Cieza, L. A.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Santiago, Chile. [Dunham, M. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Harvey, P. M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Stapelfeldt, K. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bastien, P.; Coude, S.] Univ Montreal, Ctr Rech Astrophys Quebec, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Bastien, P.; Coude, S.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Butner, H.] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Chrysostomou, A.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Davis, C. J.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Drabek-Maunder, E.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BB, England. [Fiege, J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Friesen, R.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Greaves, J.] Univ St Andrews, Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Gregson, J.; White, G. J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Gregson, J.; White, G. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0NL, Oxon, England. [Holland, W.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Holland, W.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Joncas, G.] Univ Laval, Ctr Rech Astrophys Quebec, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Joncas, G.] Univ Laval, Dept Phys Genie Phys & Opt, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Rawlings, J.; Yates, J.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Robertson, D.; Viti, S.; Wilson, C. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada. [Rosolowsky, E.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Sadavoy, S.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Tothill, N.] Univ Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Zhu, M.] Natl Astron Observ China, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Rumble, D (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Phys & Astron, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. EM damian@astro.ex.ac.uk RI Tothill, Nicholas/M-6379-2016; OI Tothill, Nicholas/0000-0002-9931-5162; Berry, David/0000-0001-6524-2447; Pattle, Kate/0000-0002-8557-3582; Butner, Harold/0000-0003-4899-2064; Jenness, Tim/0000-0001-5982-167X; Pineda, Jaime/0000-0002-3972-1978; Knee, Lewis/0000-0002-9342-9003 FU Canada Foundation for Innovation; STFC studentship (Rumble); Exeter STFC consolidated grant (Hatchell) FX The JCMT has historically been operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the National Research Council of Canada and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. Additional funds for the construction of SCUBA-2 were provided by the Canada Foundation for Innovation. The identification number for the programme under which the SCUBA-2 data used in this paper is MJLSG33. This work was supported by a STFC studentship (Rumble) and the Exeter STFC consolidated grant (Hatchell). We would like to thank Goran Sandell for the contribution of VLA data and the referee for their helpful feedback throughout the publishing process. NR 122 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 2 BP 1551 EP 1573 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2695 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3UB UT WOS:000350274500039 ER PT J AU Mezcua, M Roberts, TP Lobanov, AP Sutton, AD AF Mezcua, M. Roberts, T. P. Lobanov, A. P. Sutton, A. D. TI The powerful jet of an off-nuclear intermediate-mass black hole in the spiral galaxy NGC 2276 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; ISM: jets and outflows; X-rays: binaries; radio continuum: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY SOURCE; RADIO-EMISSION; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE; ULTRALUMINOUS STATE; DWARF GALAXIES; NEUTRON-STAR; SOLAR MASSES; ESO 243-49; ACCRETION AB Jet ejection by accreting black holes is a mass invariant mechanism unifying stellar and supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that should also apply for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), which are thought to be the seeds from which SMBHs form. We present the detection of an off-nuclear IMBH of similar to 5 x 10(4) M-circle dot located in an unusual spiral arm of the galaxy NGC 2276 based on quasi-simultaneous Chandra X-ray observations and European VLBI Network (EVN) radio observations. The IMBH, NGC2276-3c, possesses a 1.8 pc radio jet that is oriented in the same direction as large-scale (similar to 650 pc) radio lobes and whose emission is consistent with flat to optically thin synchrotron emission between 1.6 and 5 GHz. Its jet kinetic power (4 x 10(40) erg s(-1)) is comparable to its radiative output and its jet efficiency (>= 46 per cent) is as large as that of SMBHs. A region of similar to 300 pc along the jet devoid of young stars could provide observational evidence of jet feedback from an IMBH. The discovery confirms that the accretion physics is mass invariant and that seed IMBHs in the early Universe possibly had powerful jets that were an important source of feedback. C1 [Mezcua, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys CfA, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mezcua, M.] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Mezcua, M.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Roberts, T. P.; Sutton, A. D.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Lobanov, A. P.] Max Planck Inst Radio Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Mezcua, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys CfA, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mar.mezcua@cfa.harvard.edu FU STFC [ST/K000861/1, ST/L00075X/1]; Chandra X-ray Center [NGC 2276]; national research councils; [PNAYA2011-25527] FX MM acknowledges support from the Spanish Grant PNAYA2011-25527. TPR and ADS were funded as part of the STFC consolidated grants ST/K000861/1 and ST/L00075X/1. The authors thank Eduardo Ros and Rodrigo Nemmen for insightful discussion. We thank the Chandra X-ray Center for granting us a Director's Discretionary Time observation of NGC 2276. The EVN is a joint facility of European, Chinese, South African and other radio astronomy institutes funded by their national research councils. NR 72 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 2 BP 1893 EP 1899 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv143 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3UB UT WOS:000350274500066 ER PT J AU Wu, JF Jonker, PG Torres, MAP Britt, CT Johnson, CB Hynes, RI Greiss, S Steeghs, DTH Maccarone, TJ Heinke, CO Wevers, T AF Wu, Jianfeng Jonker, P. G. Torres, M. A. P. Britt, C. T. Johnson, C. B. Hynes, R. I. Greiss, S. Steeghs, D. T. H. Maccarone, T. J. Heinke, C. O. Wevers, T. TI Gemini spectroscopy of Galactic Bulge Sources: a population of hidden accreting binaries revealed? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; stars: emission line, Be; Galaxy: Bulge; X-rays: binaries ID NEAR-INFRARED COUNTERPARTS; DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR BANDS; MILKY-WAY BULGE; X-RAY SOURCES; BLACK-HOLE; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; NEUTRON-STAR; GRO J1655-40; SKY SURVEY; MASS AB We present Gemini spectroscopy for 21 candidate optical counterparts to X-ray sources discovered in the Galactic Bulge Survey (GBS). For the majority of the 21 sources, the optical spectroscopy establishes that they are indeed the likely counterparts. One of the criteria we used for the identification was the presence of an H alpha emission line. The spectra of several sources revealed an H alpha emission line only after careful subtraction of the F or G stellar spectral absorption lines. In a subclass of three of these sources, the residual H alpha emission line is broad (greater than or similar to 400 km s(-1)) which suggests that it is formed in an accretion disc, whereas in other cases the line width is such that we currently cannot determine whether the line emission is formed in an active star/binary or in an accretion disc. GBS source CX377 shows this hidden-accretion behaviour most dramatically. The previously identified broad H alpha emission of this source is not present in its Gemini spectra taken similar to 1 yr later. However, broad emission is revealed after subtracting an F6 template star spectrum. The Gemini spectra of three sources (CX446, CX1004, and CXB2) as well as the presence of possible eclipses in light curves of these sources suggest that these sources are accreting binaries viewed under a high inclination. C1 [Wu, Jianfeng; Jonker, P. G.; Steeghs, D. T. H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jonker, P. G.; Torres, M. A. P.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jonker, P. G.; Torres, M. A. P.; Wevers, T.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Britt, C. T.; Johnson, C. B.; Hynes, R. I.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Britt, C. T.; Maccarone, T. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Greiss, S.; Steeghs, D. T. H.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Heinke, C. O.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Heinke, C. O.] Max Planck Inst Radio Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Wu, JF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jianfeng.wu@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-0908789]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [AR3-14002X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration by Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [NAS8-03060]; Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/L000733/1]; NSERC; Alexander von Humboldt fellowship FX We would like to thank the referee, Professor P. Charles, for his comments which substantially improved the paper. The software packages PAMELA, and MOLLY utilized in this work were developed by T. Marsh. R.I.H., C.B.J., and C.T.B., acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation under grant no. AST-0908789 and from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number AR3-14002X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. DS acknowledges the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council, grant no. ST/L000733/1. COH is supported by NSERC, an Ingenuity New Faculty Award, and an Alexander von Humboldt fellowship. NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR 1 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 2 BP 1900 EP 1915 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv047 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3UB UT WOS:000350274500067 ER PT J AU Swift, JJ Bottom, M Johnson, JA Wright, JT McCrady, N Wittenmyer, RA Plavchan, P Riddle, R Muirhead, PS Herzig, E Myles, J Blake, CH Eastman, J Beatty, TG Barnes, SI Gibson, SR Lin, B Zhao, M Gardner, P Falco, E Criswell, S Nava, C Robinson, C Sliski, DH Hedrick, R Ivarsen, K Hjelstrom, A de Vera, J Szentgyorgyi, A AF Swift, Jonathan J. Bottom, Michael Johnson, John A. Wright, Jason T. McCrady, Nate Wittenmyer, Robert A. Plavchan, Peter Riddle, Reed Muirhead, Philip S. Herzig, Erich Myles, Justin Blake, Cullen H. Eastman, Jason Beatty, Thomas G. Barnes, Stuart I. Gibson, Steven R. Lin, Brian Zhao, Ming Gardner, Paul Falco, Emilio Criswell, Stephen Nava, Chantanelle Robinson, Connor Sliski, David H. Hedrick, Richard Ivarsen, Kevin Hjelstrom, Annie de Vera, Jon Szentgyorgyi, Andrew TI Miniature Exoplanet Radial Velocity Array I: design, commissioning, and early photometric results SO JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE telescopes; observational; radial velocity; photometric; planetary systems; individual (WASP-52) ID EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; M-CIRCLE-PLUS; SUPER-EARTH; HARPS SEARCH; HABITABLE ZONES; SIZED EXOPLANET; STANDARD STARS; KEPLER; SYSTEMS AB The Miniature Exoplanet Radial Velocity Array (MINERVA) is a U.S.-based observational facility dedicated to the discovery and characterization of exoplanets around a nearby sample of bright stars. MINERVA employs a robotic array of four 0.7-m telescopes outfitted for both high-resolution spectroscopy and photometry, and is designed for completely autonomous operation. The primary science program is a dedicated radial velocity survey and the secondary science objective is to obtain high-precision transit light curves. The modular design of the facility and the flexibility of our hardware allows for both science programs to be pursued simultaneously, while the robotic control software provides a robust and efficient means to carry out nightly observations. We describe the design of MINERVA, including major hardware components, software, and science goals. The telescopes and photometry cameras are characterized at our test facility on the Caltech campus in Pasadena, California, and their on-sky performance is validated. The design and simulated performance of the spectrograph is briefly discussed as we await its completion. New observations from our test facility demonstrate sub-mmag photometric precision of one of our radial velocity survey targets, and we present new transit observations and fits of WASP-52b-a known hot-Jupiter with an inflated radius and misaligned orbit. The process of relocating the MINERVA hardware to its final destination at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory in southern Arizona has begun, and science operations are expected to commence in 2015. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. C1 [Swift, Jonathan J.; Bottom, Michael; Riddle, Reed; Herzig, Erich; Lin, Brian; Gardner, Paul] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Swift, Jonathan J.; Bottom, Michael; Riddle, Reed; Herzig, Erich; Lin, Brian; Gardner, Paul] CALTECH, Dept Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Johnson, John A.; Eastman, Jason] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wright, Jason T.; Beatty, Thomas G.; Zhao, Ming] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [McCrady, Nate; Nava, Chantanelle; Robinson, Connor] Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Wittenmyer, Robert A.] Univ New South Wales Australia, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Wittenmyer, Robert A.] Australian Ctr Astrobiol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Plavchan, Peter] SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Mat Sci, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Muirhead, Philip S.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Myles, Justin] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Blake, Cullen H.; Sliski, David H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Barnes, Stuart I.] Stuart Barnes Opt Design, NL-1094 NK Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Gibson, Steven R.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Falco, Emilio; Criswell, Stephen; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hedrick, Richard; Ivarsen, Kevin] PlaneWave Instruments Inc, Rancho Dominguez, CA 90220 USA. [Hjelstrom, Annie; de Vera, Jon] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. RP Swift, JJ (reprint author), Thacher Sch, 5025 Thacher Rd, Ojai, CA 93023 USA. EM jswift@astro.caltech.edu RI Muirhead, Philip/H-2273-2014 OI Muirhead, Philip/0000-0002-0638-8822 NR 111 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 2329-4124 EI 2329-4221 J9 J ASTRON TELESC INST JI J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst. PD APR PY 2015 VL 1 IS 2 AR 027002 DI 10.1117/1.JATIS.1.2.027002 PG 19 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA DJ4OM UT WOS:000374185900008 ER PT J AU Farine, DR Firth, JA Aplin, LM Crates, RA Culina, A Garroway, CJ Hinde, CA Kidd, LR Milligan, ND Psorakis, I Radersma, R Verhelst, B Voelkl, B Sheldon, BC AF Farine, Damien R. Firth, Josh A. Aplin, Lucy M. Crates, Ross A. Culina, Antica Garroway, Colin J. Hinde, Camilla A. Kidd, Lindall R. Milligan, Nicole D. Psorakis, Ioannis Radersma, Reinder Verhelst, Brecht Voelkl, Bernhard Sheldon, Ben C. TI The role of social and ecological processes in structuring animal populations: a case study from automated tracking of wild birds SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dispersal; great tit; group living; immigration; paridae; social organization ID FISSION-FUSION SOCIETIES; TITS PARUS-MAJOR; PUBLIC INFORMATION; NETWORK STRUCTURE; SEXUAL SELECTION; FISH SHOALS; GROUP-SIZE; ORGANIZATION; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR AB Both social and ecological factors influence population process and structure, with resultant consequences for phenotypic selection on individuals. Understanding the scale and relative contribution of these two factors is thus a central aim in evolutionary ecology. In this study, we develop a framework using null models to identify the social and spatial patterns that contribute to phenotypic structure in a wild population of songbirds. We used automated technologies to track 1053 individuals that formed 73 737 groups from which we inferred a social network. Our framework identified that both social and spatial drivers contributed to assortment in the network. In particular, groups had a more even sex ratio than expected and exhibited a consistent age structure that suggested local association preferences, such as preferential attachment or avoidance. By contrast, recent immigrants were spatially partitioned from locally born individuals, suggesting differential dispersal strategies by phenotype. Our results highlight how different scales of social decision-making, ranging from post-natal dispersal settlement to fission-fusion dynamics, can interact to drive phenotypic structure in animal populations. C1 [Farine, Damien R.; Firth, Josh A.; Aplin, Lucy M.; Crates, Ross A.; Culina, Antica; Garroway, Colin J.; Hinde, Camilla A.; Kidd, Lindall R.; Milligan, Nicole D.; Psorakis, Ioannis; Radersma, Reinder; Verhelst, Brecht; Voelkl, Bernhard; Sheldon, Ben C.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol Evolut Wing, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Farine, Damien R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. [Aplin, Lucy M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Hinde, Camilla A.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Behav Ecol Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Psorakis, Ioannis] Univ Oxford, Pattern Anal & Machine Learning Res Grp, Oxford, England. RP Farine, DR; Firth, JA (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England.; Farine, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol Evolut Wing, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Farine, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. EM damien.farine@zoo.ox.ac.uk; joshua.firth@zoo.ox.ac.uk RI Voelkl, Bernhard/D-1390-2009; OI Voelkl, Bernhard/0000-0001-5454-2508; Culina, Antica/0000-0003-2910-8085 FU ERC Advanced grant [AdG 250164]; Microsoft Research; Australian National University; NERC; BBSRC [BB/L006081/1]; NSF [NSF-IOS 1250895] FX The work described here and all authors were funded by an ERC Advanced grant (AdG 250164) to B.C.S. as well as by PhD scholarships from Microsoft Research (I.P.), Australian National University (L.M.A.) and NERC (J.A.F.). D.R.F., L.M.A. and B.C.S. received additional funding from the BBSRC (BB/L006081/1). D.R.F. received further funding from the NSF (NSF-IOS 1250895). NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 29 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2054-5703 J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI JI R. Soc. Open Sci. PD APR PY 2015 VL 2 IS 4 AR 150057 DI 10.1098/rsos.150057 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO7LZ UT WOS:000377965400020 PM 26064644 ER PT J AU Campbell, BA Campbell, DB Morgan, GA Carter, LM Nolan, MC Chandler, JF AF Campbell, Bruce A. Campbell, Donald B. Morgan, Gareth A. Carter, Lynn M. Nolan, Michael C. Chandler, John F. TI Evidence for crater ejecta on Venus tessera terrain from Earth-based radar images SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Venus, surface; Radar observations; Cratering ID ALPHA-REGIO; MAGELLAN OBSERVATIONS; SURFACE-PROPERTIES; IMPACT; DEPOSITS; ARECIBO; MOON; MORPHOLOGY; SCATTERING; ROUGHNESS AB We combine Earth-based radar maps of Venus from the 1988 and 2012 inferior conjunctions, which had similar viewing geometries. Processing of both datasets with better image focusing and co-registration techniques, and summing over multiple looks, yields maps with 1-2 km spatial resolution and improved signal to noise ratio, especially in the weaker same-sense circular (SC) polarization. The SC maps are unique to Earth-based observations, and offer a different view of surface properties from orbital mapping using same-sense linear (HH or VV) polarization. Highland or tessera terrains on Venus, which may retain a record of crustal differentiation and processes occurring prior to the loss of water, are of great interest for future spacecraft landings. The Earth-based radar images reveal multiple examples of tessera mantling by impact "parabolas" or "haloes", and can extend mapping of locally thick material from Magellan data by revealing thinner deposits over much larger areas. Of particular interest is an ejecta deposit from Stuart crater that we infer to mantle much of eastern Alpha Regio. Some radar-dark tessera occurrences may indicate sediments that are trapped for longer periods than in the plains. We suggest that such radar information is important for interpretation of orbital infrared data and selection of future tessera landing sites. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Campbell, Bruce A.; Morgan, Gareth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Campbell, Donald B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Carter, Lynn M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Nolan, Michael C.] Arecibo Observ, Arecibo, PR 00612 USA. [Chandler, John F.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Campbell, BA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, MRC 315,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM campbellb@si.edu RI Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012; OI Nolan, Michael/0000-0001-8316-0680 FU NASA [NNX13AL17G, NNX10AP64G] FX Helpful manuscript reviews provided by M. Gilmore and an anonymous referee are most appreciated. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the staff of the Arecibo Observatory and the Green Bank Telescope in collecting the Venus radar maps. This work was funded in part by NASA Planetary Mission Data Analysis Program (PMDAP) Grant NNX13AL17G, and by NASA Grant NNX10AP64G, "Arecibo Radar Observations of NEO's and Other Solar System Bodies". The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968), and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana, and the Universities Space Research Association. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. As part of the PMDAP-supported work, backscatter images from the 1988 and 2012 Venus observations are being prepared for submission to the NASA Planetary Data System. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD APR PY 2015 VL 250 BP 123 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.025 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB8KJ UT WOS:000349878200012 ER PT J AU Ernst, CM Denevi, BW Barnouin, OS Klimczak, C Chabot, NL Head, JW Murchie, SL Neumann, GA Prockter, LM Robinson, MS Solomon, SC Watters, TR AF Ernst, Carolyn M. Denevi, Brett W. Barnouin, Olivier S. Klimczak, Christian Chabot, Nancy L. Head, James W. Murchie, Scott L. Neumann, Gregory A. Prockter, Louise M. Robinson, Mark S. Solomon, Sean C. Watters, Thomas R. TI Stratigraphy of the Caloris basin, Mercury: Implications for volcanic history and basin impact melt SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Mercury, surface; Cratering; Volcanism; Geological processes ID POLE-AITKEN BASIN; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; SMOOTH PLAINS; TECTONIC DEFORMATION; INTERCRATER PLAINS; CRATERING RECORD; OBLIQUE IMPACTS; MESSENGER; LUNAR; ORIENTALE AB Caloris basin, Mercury's youngest large impact basin, is filled by volcanic plains that are spectrally distinct from surrounding material. Post-plains impact craters of a variety of sizes populate the basin interior, and the spectra of the material they have excavated enable the thickness of the volcanic fill to be estimated and reveal the nature of the subsurface. The thickness of the interior volcanic plains is consistently at least 2.5 km, reaching 3.5 km in places, with thinner fill toward the edge of the basin. No systematic variations in fill thickness are observed with long-wavelength topography or azimuth. The lack of correlation between plains thickness and variations in elevation at large horizontal scales within the basin indicates that plains emplacement must have predated most, if not all, of the changes in long-wavelength topography that affected the basin. There are no embayed or unambiguously buried (ghost) craters with diameters greater than 10 km in the Caloris interior plains. The absence of such ghost craters indicates that one or more of the following scenarios must hold: the plains are sufficiently thick to have buried all evidence of craters that formed between the Caloris impact event and the emplacement of the plains; the plains were emplaced soon after basin formation; or the complex tectonic deformation of the basin interior has disguised wrinkle-ridge rings localized by buried craters. That low-reflectance material (LRM) was exposed by every impact that penetrated through the surface volcanic plains provides a means to explore near-surface stratigraphy. If all occurrences of LRM are derived from a single layer, the subsurface LRM deposit is at least 7.5-8.5 km thick and its top likely once made up the Caloris basin floor. The Caloris-forming impact would have generated a layer of impact melt 3-15 km thick; such a layer could account for the entire thickness of LRM. This material would have been derived from a combination of lower crust and upper mantle. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ernst, Carolyn M.; Denevi, Brett W.; Barnouin, Olivier S.; Chabot, Nancy L.; Murchie, Scott L.; Prockter, Louise M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Klimczak, Christian; Solomon, Sean C.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Klimczak, Christian] Univ Georgia, Dept Geol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Head, James W.] Brown Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Neumann, Gregory A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Geodynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Robinson, Mark S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Solomon, Sean C.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Watters, Thomas R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ernst, CM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RI Neumann, Gregory/I-5591-2013; Ernst, Carolyn/I-4902-2012; Murchie, Scott/E-8030-2015; Chabot, Nancy/F-5384-2015; Denevi, Brett/I-6502-2012; Barnouin, Olivier/I-7475-2015 OI Neumann, Gregory/0000-0003-0644-9944; Murchie, Scott/0000-0002-1616-8751; Chabot, Nancy/0000-0001-8628-3176; Denevi, Brett/0000-0001-7837-6663; Barnouin, Olivier/0000-0002-3578-7750 FU NASA Discovery Program [NASW-00002, NAS5-97271] FX The MESSENGER project is supported by the NASA Discovery Program under contracts NASW-00002 to the Carnegie Institution of Washington and NAS5-97271 to The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. This research has made use of the Small Body Mapping Tool of The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and the Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers of the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank Norman Sleep and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive reviews of an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 86 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD APR PY 2015 VL 250 BP 413 EP 429 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.003 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB8KJ UT WOS:000349878200036 ER PT J AU Ostrach, LR Robinson, MS Whitten, JL Fassett, CI Strom, RG Head, JW Solomon, SC AF Ostrach, Lillian R. Robinson, Mark S. Whitten, Jennifer L. Fassett, Caleb I. Strom, Robert G. Head, James W. Solomon, Sean C. TI Extent, age, and resurfacing history of the northern smooth plains on Mercury from MESSENGER observations SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Mercury, surface; Volcanism; Cratering ID INNER SOLAR-SYSTEM; IMPACT CRATERS; TECTONIC DEFORMATION; MARINER-10 PICTURES; ERUPTION CONDITIONS; INTERCRATER PLAINS; GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE; CALORIS BASIN; VOLCANISM; LUNAR AB MESSENGER orbital images show that the north polar region of Mercury contains smooth plains that occupy similar to 7% of the planetary surface area. Within the northern smooth plains (NSP) we identify two crater populations, those superposed on the NSP ("post-plains") and those partially or entirely embayed ("buried"). The existence of the second of these populations is clear evidence for volcanic resurfacing. The postplains crater population reveals that the NSP do not exhibit statistically distinguishable subunits on the basis of crater size-frequency distributions, nor do measures of the areal density of impact craters reveal volcanically resurfaced regions within the NSP. These results suggest that the most recent outpouring of volcanic material resurfaced the majority of the region, and that this volcanic flooding emplaced the NSP over a relatively short interval of geologic time, perhaps 100 My or less. Stratigraphic embayment relationships within the buried crater population, including partial crater flooding and the presence of smaller embayed craters within the filled interiors of larger craters and basins, indicate that a minimum of two episodes of volcanic resurfacing occurred. From the inferred rim heights of embayed craters, we estimate the NSP to be regionally 0.7-1.8 km thick, with a minimum volume of volcanic material of 4 x 10(6) to 107 km(3). Because of the uncertainty in the impact flux at Mercury, the absolute model age of the postplains volcanism could be either 3.7 or 2.5 Ga, depending on the chronology applied. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ostrach, Lillian R.; Robinson, Mark S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ostrach, Lillian R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Whitten, Jennifer L.; Head, James W.] Brown Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Whitten, Jennifer L.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Fassett, Caleb I.] Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Astron, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. [Strom, Robert G.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Solomon, Sean C.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Solomon, Sean C.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. RP Ostrach, LR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd,Code 698, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM lillian.r.ostrach@nasa.gov FU NASA Discovery Program [NASW-00002, NAS5-97271]; NASA Postdoctoral Program at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center FX We thank the NASA MESSENGER project and science team. We thank Paul Byrne, Brett Denevi, Christian Klimczak, and Rhiannon Weaver for helpful discussions and suggestions regarding earlier versions of this manuscript. We are grateful for constructive reviews by Nadine Barlow and an anonymous reviewer. The MESSENGER project is supported by the NASA Discovery Program under contracts NASW-00002 to the Carnegie Institution of Washington and NAS5-97271 to The Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory. This work was supported in part by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. This research made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. NR 100 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD APR PY 2015 VL 250 BP 602 EP 622 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.11.010 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CB8KJ UT WOS:000349878200052 ER PT J AU Piperno, DR Holst, I Winter, K McMillan, O AF Piperno, Dolores R. Holst, Irene Winter, Klaus McMillan, Owen TI Teosinte before domestication: Experimental study of growth and phenotypic variability in Late Pleistocene and early Holocene environments SO QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID LOW ATMOSPHERIC CO2; LOWLAND CENTRAL-AMERICA; BALSAS RIVER VALLEY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DEVELOPMENTAL PLASTICITY; GENETIC-VARIATION; PLANT-RESPONSES; LIMITING FACTOR; SEX EXPRESSION; ELEVATED CO2 AB Agriculture arose during a period of profound global climatic and ecological change following the end of the Pleistocene. Yet, the role of phenotypic plasticity - an organism's ability to change its phenotype in response to the environment - and environmental influences in the dramatic phenotypic transformations that occurred during plant domestication are poorly understood. Another factor possibly influential in agricultural origins, the productivity of crop plant wild progenitors in Late Pleistocene vs. Holocene environments, has received increasing attention recently and merits further investigation. In this study, we examined phenotypic characteristics and productivity (biomass, seed yield) in the wild progenitor of maize, the teosinte Zea mays ssp. parviglumis H.H. Iltis & Doebley, when it was first exploited and cultivated by growing it in atmospheric CO2 concentrations and temperatures characteristic of the late-glacial and early Holocene periods. Plants responded with a number of attributes uncharacteristic of teosinte in today's environments, including maize-type traits in vegetative architecture, inflorescence sexuality, and seed maturation. Teosinte productivity was significantly lower in late-glacial compared with early Holocene and modern environments. Our evidence indicates that: a) ancestral biological characteristics of crop plant progenitors aren't always predicted from living examples, b) some important maize phenotypic traits were present at initial human exploitation and selection, and c) Pleistocene plant productivity should be considered a significant factor in the chronology of food production origins. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved. C1 [Piperno, Dolores R.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Piperno, Dolores R.; Holst, Irene; Winter, Klaus; McMillan, Owen] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Piperno, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM pipernod@si.edu FU Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Grant FX Supported by the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and a Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Grant. Special thanks to Eldredge Bermingham and Cristian Samper for their strong support of the project. Many thanks to Jorge Aranda and Milton Garcia for their capable help with the plants and environmental chambers, and Graciela Quijano and Maggie Meagher for their assistance in the laboratory. NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1040-6182 EI 1873-4553 J9 QUATERN INT JI Quat. Int. PD MAR 30 PY 2015 VL 363 BP 65 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.quaint.2013.12.049 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CE3UJ UT WOS:000351754400007 ER PT J AU Kelly, PL Filippenko, AV Burke, DL Hicken, M Ganeshalingam, M Zheng, WK AF Kelly, Patrick L. Filippenko, Alexei V. Burke, David L. Hicken, Malcolm Ganeshalingam, Mohan Zheng, WeiKang TI Distances with < 4% precision from type Ia supernovae in young star-forming environments SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-CURVE SHAPES; H-ALPHA; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; HUBBLE RESIDUALS; HOST GALAXIES; LUMINOSITIES; ULTRAVIOLET; EXTINCTION; REGRESSION; MORPHOLOGY AB The luminosities of type Ia supernovae (SNe), the thermonuclear explosions of white-dwarf stars, vary systematically with their intrinsic color and the rate at which they fade. From images taken with the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), we identified SNe Ia that erupted in environments that have high ultraviolet surface brightness and star-formation surface density. When we apply a steep model extinction law, we calibrate these SNe using their broadband optical light curves to within similar to 0.065 to 0.075 magnitude, corresponding to <4% in distance. The tight scatter, probably arising from a small dispersion among progenitor ages, suggests that variation in only one progenitor property primarily accounts for the relationship between their light-curve widths, colors, and luminosities. C1 [Kelly, Patrick L.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Zheng, WeiKang] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Burke, David L.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hicken, Malcolm] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ganeshalingam, Mohan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Kelly, PL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pkelly@astro.berkeley.edu FU Christopher R. Redlich Fund; TABASGO Foundation; NSF [AST-1211916]; SLAC Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515] FX We thank S. Sim, J. C. Wheeler, J. Silverman, A. Conley, M. Graham, D. Kasen, I. Shivvers, and R. Kessler for useful discussions and comments on the paper and J. Schwab for his help providing background about theoretical modeling. We are grateful to the staffs at Lick Observatory and Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) for their assistance. The late Weidong Li was instrumental to the success of LOSS. A.V.F.'s supernova group at the University of California Berkeley has received generous financial assistance from the Christopher R. Redlich Fund, the TABASGO Foundation, and NSF grant AST-1211916. The Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope and its ongoing operation were made possible by donations from Sun Microsystems, the Hewlett-Packard Company, AutoScope Corporation, Lick Observatory, NSF, the University of California, the Sylvia and Jim Katzman Foundation, and the TABASGO Foundation. The SLAC Department of Energy contract number is DE-AC02-76SF00515. GALEX data are available from http://galex.stsci.edu/GR6/, SDSS data may be obtained at www.sdss.org, the KPNO imaging is archived at http://portal-nvo.noao.edu, and the Lick Observatory images are available from http://astro.berkeley.edu/bait/public_html/iahostpaper/. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 27 PY 2015 VL 347 IS 6229 BP 1459 EP 1462 DI 10.1126/science.1261475 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE9AT UT WOS:000352136400036 PM 25814580 ER PT J AU Oliveira, KN Coley, PD Kursar, TA Kaminski, LA Moreira, MZ Campos, RI AF Oliveira, Karla N. Coley, Phyllis D. Kursar, Thomas A. Kaminski, Lucas A. Moreira, Marcelo Z. Campos, Ricardo I. TI The Effect of Symbiotic Ant Colonies on Plant Growth: A Test Using an Azteca-Cecropia System SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MULLERIAN BODIES; TROPICAL FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; HERBIVORY; DEFENSE; MUTUALISM; TREE; PROTECTION; BENEFITS; BRAZIL AB In studies of ant-plant mutualisms, the role that ants play in increasing the growth rates of their plant partners is potentially a key beneficial service. In the field, we measured the growth of Cecropia glaziovii saplings and compared individuals that were naturally colonized by Azteca muelleri ants with uncolonized plants in different seasons (wet and dry). We also measured light availability as well as attributes that could be influenced by the presence of Azteca colonies, such as herbivory, leaf nutrients (total nitrogen and delta N-15), and investments in defense (total phenolics and leaf mass per area). We found that colonized plants grew faster than uncolonized plants and experienced a lower level of herbivory in both the wet and dry seasons. Colonized plants had higher nitrogen content than uncolonized plants, although the d15N, light environment, total phenolics and leaf mass per area, did not differ between colonized and uncolonized plants. Since colonized and uncolonized plants did not differ in the direct defenses that we evaluated, yet herbivory was lower in colonized plants, we conclude that biotic defenses were the most effective protection against herbivores in our system. This result supports the hypothesis that protection provided by ants is an important factor promoting plant growth. Since C. glaziovii is widely distributed among a variety of forests and ecotones, and since we demonstrated a strong relationship with their ant partners, this system can be useful for comparative studies of ant-plant interactions in different habitats. Also, given this study was carried out near the transition to the subtropics, these results help generalize the geographic distribution of this mutualism and may shed light on the persistence of the interactions in the face of climate change. C1 [Oliveira, Karla N.; Campos, Ricardo I.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Geral, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Coley, Phyllis D.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Coley, Phyllis D.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Kaminski, Lucas A.] Inst Biol Evolut CSIC UPF, Barcelona, Spain. [Moreira, Marcelo Z.] Univ Sao Paulo, CENA, Lab Ecol Isotop, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Campos, RI (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Geral, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM ricardo.campos@ufv.br RI Campos, Ricardo/K-2395-2015; Moreira, Marcelo/D-4622-2013 FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [479576/2011-4]; Foundation of Support to the Research of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG); CAPES [99999.000258/2014-08]; NSF [DEB-0444590] FX Financial support was provided by a grant from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - proc. #479576/2011-4) coordinated by RIC. KNO was supported by a national PhD fellowship from Foundation of Support to the Research of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and an international PhD sandwich fellowship from CAPES-Processo no 99999.000258/2014-08. PDC and TAK's participation in this research was supported by NSF DEB-0444590. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 53 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 26 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0120351 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0120351 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CK6QW UT WOS:000356353700046 PM 25811369 ER PT J AU Reeder, TW Townsend, TM Mulcahy, DG Noonan, BP Wood, PL Sites, JW Wiens, JJ AF Reeder, Tod W. Townsend, Ted M. Mulcahy, Daniel G. Noonan, Brice P. Wood, Perry L., Jr. Sites, Jack W., Jr. Wiens, John J. TI Integrated Analyses Resolve Conflicts over Squamate Reptile Phylogeny and Reveal Unexpected Placements for Fossil Taxa SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LIZARDS; SNAKES; VENOM; TREE; AMPHISBAENIANS; SYSTEMATICS; EVOLUTION; HISTORY; GENES AB Squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) are a pivotal group whose relationships have become increasingly controversial. Squamates include >9000 species, making them the second largest group of terrestrial vertebrates. They are important medicinally and as model systems for ecological and evolutionary research. However, studies of squamate biology are hindered by uncertainty over their relationships, and some consider squamate phylogeny unresolved, given recent conflicts between molecular and morphological results. To resolve these conflicts, we expand existing morphological and molecular datasets for squamates (691 morphological characters and 46 genes, for 161 living and 49 fossil taxa, including a new set of 81 morphological characters and adding two genes from published studies) and perform integrated analyses. Our results resolve higher-level relationships as indicated by molecular analyses, and reveal hidden morphological support for the molecular hypothesis (but not vice-versa). Furthermore, we find that integrating molecular, morphological, and paleontological data leads to surprising placements for two major fossil clades (Mosasauria and Polyglyphanodontia). These results further demonstrate the importance of combining fossil and molecular information, and the potential problems of estimating the placement of fossil taxa from morphological data alone. Thus, our results caution against estimating fossil relationships without considering relevant molecular data, and against placing fossils into molecular trees (e.g. for dating analyses) without considering the possible impact of molecular data on their placement. C1 [Reeder, Tod W.; Townsend, Ted M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Mulcahy, Daniel G.] Smithsonian Inst, Labs Analyt Biol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Noonan, Brice P.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wood, Perry L., Jr.; Sites, Jack W., Jr.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Wood, Perry L., Jr.; Sites, Jack W., Jr.] Brigham Young Univ, Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Wiens, John J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Wiens, JJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM wiensj@email.arizona.edu OI Wiens, John/0000-0003-4243-1127 FU United States National Science Foundation grant [EF 0334967, EF 0334966, EF 0334923] FX This project was supported by a United States National Science Foundation grant, with awards to T.W.R. (EF 0334967), J.W.S. (EF 0334966) and J.J.W. (EF 0334923). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 7 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 24 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0118199 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0118199 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH2XV UT WOS:000353889600007 PM 25803280 ER PT J AU Shapcott, A Forster, PI Guymer, GP McDonald, WJF Faith, DP Erickson, D Kress, WJ AF Shapcott, Alison Forster, Paul I. Guymer, Gordon P. McDonald, William J. F. Faith, Daniel P. Erickson, David Kress, W. John TI Mapping Biodiversity and Setting Conservation Priorities for SE Queensland's Rainforests Using DNA Barcoding SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC BETA DIVERSITY; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIPS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; FLOWERING PLANTS; PROTECTED AREAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; AUSTRALIA; COMMUNITIES AB Australian rainforests have been fragmented due to past climatic changes and more recently landscape change as a result of clearing for agriculture and urban spread. The subtropical rainforests of South Eastern Queensland are significantly more fragmented than the tropical World Heritage listed northern rainforests and are subject to much greater human population pressures. The Australian rainforest flora is relatively taxonomically rich at the family level, but less so at the species level. Current methods to assess biodiversity based on species numbers fail to adequately capture this richness at higher taxonomic levels. We developed a DNA barcode library for the SE Queensland rainforest flora to support a methodology for biodiversity assessment that incorporates both taxonomic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. We placed our SE Queensland phylogeny based on a three marker DNA barcode within a larger international rainforest barcode library and used this to calculate phylogenetic diversity (PD). We compared phylo-diversity measures, species composition and richness and ecosystem diversity of the SE Queensland rainforest estate to identify which bio subregions contain the greatest rainforest biodiversity, subregion relationships and their level of protection. We identified areas of highest conservation priority. Diversity was not correlated with rainforest area in SE Queensland subregions but PD was correlated with both the percent of the subregion occupied by rainforest and the diversity of regional ecosystems (RE) present. The patterns of species diversity and phylogenetic diversity suggest a strong influence of historical biogeography. Some subregions contain significantly more PD than expected by chance, consistent with the concept of refugia, while others were significantly phylogenetically clustered, consistent with recent range expansions. C1 [Shapcott, Alison] Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth Educ & Engn, Genecol Res Ctr, Maroochydore, Qld, Australia. [Forster, Paul I.; Guymer, Gordon P.; McDonald, William J. F.] Queensland Herbarium, Queensland Dept Sci Informat Technol Innovat, Toowong, Qld, Australia. [Forster, Paul I.; Guymer, Gordon P.; McDonald, William J. F.] Queensland Herbarium, Arts Brisbane Bot Gardens, Toowong, Qld, Australia. [Faith, Daniel P.] Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. [Erickson, David; Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Shapcott, A (reprint author), Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth Educ & Engn, Genecol Res Ctr, Maroochydore, Qld, Australia. EM ashapcot@usc.edu.au FU Queensland Smithsonian fellowship; Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History; University Sunshine Coast Genecology Research Centre FX This project was funded by the Queensland Smithsonian fellowship, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, and the University Sunshine Coast Genecology Research Centre. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 104 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 9 U2 47 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 24 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0122164 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0122164 PG 28 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CH2XV UT WOS:000353889600191 PM 25803607 ER PT J AU Baeza, JA Hemphill, CA Ritson-Williams, R AF Baeza, J. Antonio Hemphill, Carrie A. Ritson-Williams, Raphael TI The Sexual and Mating System of the Shrimp Odontonia katoi (Palaemonidae, Pontoniinae), a Symbiotic Guest of the Ascidian Polycarpa aurata in the Coral Triangle SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PROTANDRIC SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITISM; SEA-ANEMONE; SOCIAL MONOGAMY; SNAPPING SHRIMP; LIFE-HISTORY; HOST CHARACTERISTICS; INACHUS-PHALANGIUM; CARIBBEAN SEA; PINNA-CARNEA; DECAPODA AB Theory predicts that monogamy is adaptive in symbiotic crustaceans inhabiting relatively small and morphologically simple hosts in tropical environments where predation risk away from hosts is high. We tested this prediction in the shrimp Odontonia katoi, which inhabits the atrial chamber of the ascidian Polycarpa aurata in the Coral Triangle. Preliminary observations in O. katoi indicated that males were smaller than females, which is suggestive of sex change (protandry) in some symbiotic organisms. Thus, we first investigated the sexual system of O. katoi to determine if this shrimp was sequentially hermaphroditic. Morphological identification and size frequency distributions indicated that the population comprised males that, on average, were smaller than females. Gonad dissections demonstrated the absence of transitional individuals. Thus, O. katoi is a gonochoric species with reverse sexual dimorphism. The population distribution of O. katoi in its ascidian host did not differ significantly from a random distribution and shrimps inhabiting the same host individual as pairs were found with a frequency similar to that expected by chance alone. This is in contrast to that reported for other socially monogamous crustaceans in which pairs of heterosexual conspecifics are found in host individuals more frequently than expected by chance alone. Thus, the available information argues against monogamy in O. katoi. Furthermore, that a high frequency of solitary females were found brooding embryos and that the sex ratio was skewed toward females suggests that males might be roaming among hosts in search of receptive females in O. katoi. Symbiotic crustaceans can be used as a model system to understand the adaptive value of sexual and mating systems inmarine invertebrates. C1 [Baeza, J. Antonio; Hemphill, Carrie A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Baeza, J. Antonio] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Baeza, J. Antonio] Univ Catolica Norte, Dept Biol Marina, Coquimbo, Chile. [Ritson-Williams, Raphael] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM baeza.antonio@gmail.com OI Baeza, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-2573-6773 FU National Geographic Explorers Grant [8580-08] FX This work was supported by the National Geographic Explorers Grant Number 8580-08 (JAB). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 23 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0121120 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0121120 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE6ZS UT WOS:000351987300212 PM 25799577 ER PT J AU Feo, TJ Field, DJ Prum, RO AF Feo, Teresa J. Field, Daniel J. Prum, Richard O. TI Barb geometry of asymmetrical feathers reveals a transitional morphology in the evolution of avian flight SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE avian flight; asymmetrical flight feather; theoretical morphospace; evolutionary transition; Paraves; Archaeopteryx ID FLAPPING FLIGHT; ARCHAEOPTERYX; BIRDS; ORIGIN; CONFUCIUSORNIS; FLIGHTLESSNESS; RACHISES; ABILITY; VANES; SHAPE AB The geometry of feather barbs (barb length and barb angle) determines feather vane asymmetry and vane rigidity, which are both critical to a feather's aerodynamic performance. Here, we describe the relationship between barb geometry and aerodynamic function across the evolutionary history of asymmetrical flight feathers, from Mesozoic taxa outside of modern avian diversity (Microraptor, Archaeopteryx, Sapeornis, Confuciusornis and the enantiornithine Eopengornis) to an extensive sample of modern birds. Contrary to previous assumptions, we find that barb angle is not related to vane-width asymmetry; instead barb angle varies with vane function, whereas barb length variation determines vane asymmetry. We demonstrate that barb geometry significantly differs among functionally distinct portions of flight feather vanes, and that cutting-edge leading vanes occupy a distinct region of morphospace characterized by small barb angles. This cutting-edge vane morphology is ubiquitous across a phylogenetically and functionally diverse sample of modern birds and Mesozoic stem birds, revealing a fundamental aerodynamic adaptation that has persisted from the Late Jurassic. However, in Mesozoic taxa stemward of Ornithurae and Enantiornithes, trailing vane barb geometry is distinctly different from that of modern birds. In both modern birds and enantiornithines, trailing vanes have larger barb angles than in comparatively stemward taxa like Archaeopteryx, which exhibit small trailing vane barb angles. This discovery reveals a previously unrecognized evolutionary transition in flight feather morphology, which has important implications for the flight capacity of early feathered theropods such as Archaeopteryx and Microraptor. Our findings suggest that the fully modern avian flight feather, and possibly a modern capacity for powered flight, evolved crownward of Confuciusornis, long after the origin of asymmetrical flight feathers, and much later than previously recognized. C1 [Feo, Teresa J.; Prum, Richard O.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Feo, Teresa J.; Prum, Richard O.] Yale Univ, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT USA. [Field, Daniel J.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT USA. [Field, Daniel J.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC USA. RP Feo, TJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 21 Sachem St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM teresa.feo@yale.edu OI Feo, Teresa J./0000-0002-4189-8692 FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE-1122492]; Yale EEB Chair's Fund; NSERC CGS-D; Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship FX T.J.F. was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant no. DGE-1122492, and the Yale EEB Chair's Fund. D.J.F. was supported by an NSERC CGS-D and a Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 62 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1803 AR 20142864 DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.2864 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CC4UJ UT WOS:000350349100020 PM 25673687 ER PT J AU Kaiser, SA Sillett, TS Risk, BB Webster, MS AF Kaiser, Sara A. Sillett, T. Scott Risk, Benjamin B. Webster, Michael S. TI Experimental food supplementation reveals habitat-dependent male reproductive investment in a migratory bird SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE environmental constraints; extrapair mating; genetic reproductive success; habitat quality; paternity ID EXTRA-PAIR PATERNITY; RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS; THROATED BLUE WARBLERS; DENDROICA-CAERULESCENS; SEXUAL SELECTION; PARENTAL CARE; FOREST BIRDS; SONGBIRD; OPPORTUNITY; DENSITY AB Environmental factors can shape reproductive investment strategies and influence the variance in male mating success. Environmental effects on extrapair paternity have traditionally been ascribed to aspects of the social environment, such as breeding density and synchrony. However, social factors are often confounded with habitat quality and are challenging to disentangle. We used both natural variation in habitat quality and a food supplementation experiment to separate the effects of food availability-one key aspect of habitat quality-on extrapair paternity (EPP) and reproductive success in the black-throated blue warbler, Setophaga caerulescens. High natural food availability was associated with higher within-pair paternity (WPP) and fledging two broods late in the breeding season, but lower EPP. Food-supplemented males had higher WPP leading to higher reproductive success relative to controls, and when in low-quality habitat, food-supplemented males were more likely to fledge two broods but less likely to gain EPP. Our results demonstrate that food availability affects trade-offs in reproductive activities. When food constraints are reduced, males invest in WPP at the expense of EPP. These findings imply that environmental change could alter how individuals allocate their resources and affect the selective environment that drives variation in male mating success. C1 [Kaiser, Sara A.; Webster, Michael S.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Kaiser, Sara A.; Webster, Michael S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Sillett, T. Scott] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Risk, Benjamin B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kaiser, SA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM sak275@cornell.edu FU US National Science Foundation [0640470]; Smithsonian Institution [0640732]; Wellesley College [064082300]; US Environmental Protection Agency [91723201]; Smithsonian Institution; Animal Behaviour Society; Sigma Xi; American Ornithologists' Union; Wilson Ornithological Society; Cornell Lab of Ornithology FX This research was supported by US National Science Foundation grants awarded to Cornell University (0640470), the Smithsonian Institution (0640732) and Wellesley College (064082300), by fellowships and grants awarded to S.A.K. from the US Environmental Protection Agency (91723201), Smithsonian Institution, Animal Behaviour Society, Sigma Xi, American Ornithologists' Union, Wilson Ornithological Society and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. This research is a contribution of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, part of the Long-Term Ecological Research network supported by the US National Science Foundation. NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 12 U2 45 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1803 AR 20142523 DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.2523 PG 10 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CC4UJ UT WOS:000350349100007 PM 25673677 ER PT J AU Kapheim, KM Nonacs, P Smith, AR Wayne, RK Wcislo, WT AF Kapheim, Karen M. Nonacs, Peter Smith, Adam R. Wayne, Robert K. Wcislo, William T. TI Kinship, parental manipulation and evolutionary origins of eusociality SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE parental manipulation; eusociality; kin selection; inclusive fitness ID MEGALOPTA-GENALIS HYMENOPTERA; SWEAT BEE; ECUADORIA HYMENOPTERA; INCLUSIVE FITNESS; HALICTIDAE; SOCIALITY; SOCIETIES; SELECTION; ALTRUISM; SOLITARY AB One of the hallmarks of eusociality is that workers forego their own reproduction to assist their mother in raising siblings. This seemingly altruistic behaviour may benefit workers if gains in indirect fitness from rearing siblings outweigh the loss of direct fitness. If worker presence is advantageous to mothers, however, eusociality may evolve without net benefits to workers. Indirect fitness benefits are often cited as evidence for the importance of inclusive fitness in eusociality, but have rarely been measured in natural populations. We compared inclusive fitness of alternative social strategies in the tropical sweat bee, Megalopta genalis, for which eusociality is optional. Our results show that workers have significantly lower inclusive fitness than females that found their own nests. In mathematical simulations based on M. genalis field data, eusociality cannot evolve with reduced intra-nest relatedness. The simulated distribution of alternative social strategies matched observed distributions of M. genalis social strategies when helping behaviour was simulated as the result of maternal manipulation, but not as worker altruism. Thus, eusociality in M. genalis is best explained through kin selection, but the underlying mechanism is likely maternal manipulation. C1 [Kapheim, Karen M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Nonacs, Peter; Wayne, Robert K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Smith, Adam R.] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Kapheim, KM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM karen.kapheim@usu.edu FU NSF [DDIG-0808256, IOS-0642085]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); Smithsonian Institution; UCLA; AWIS; U.S. Dept. Ed.; STRI; SENACYT [COL-06-030] FX K.M.K was supported by funds from NSF DDIG-0808256, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), Smithsonian Institution, UCLA, AWIS, U.S. Dept. Ed. K.M.K and P.N. were supported by NSF grant IOS-0642085. W.T.W. and A.R.S. were supported by STRI and SENACYT grant no. COL-06-030. We thank T. Rodgers, E. Leigh, G. Robinson, J. Boomsma, A. Gardner and three anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript and S. West for helpful discussion. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 18 U2 85 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1803 AR 20142886 DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.2886 PG 7 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CC4UJ UT WOS:000350349100022 PM 25694620 ER PT J AU Miranda, LS Collins, AG Marques, AC AF Miranda, L. S. Collins, A. G. Marques, A. C. TI Is Haootia quadriformis related to extant Staurozoa (Cnidaria)? Evidence from the muscular system reconsidered SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Miranda, L. S.; Marques, A. C.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Collins, A. G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Marques, A. C.] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Biol Marinha, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Miranda, LS (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM mirandals@ib.usp.br RI Marques, Antonio/E-8049-2011; Miranda, Lucilia/L-4930-2015; Miranda, Luisa/N-6353-2013 OI Marques, Antonio/0000-0002-2884-0541; Miranda, Luisa/0000-0002-7553-6059 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1803 AR 20142396 DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.2396 PG 3 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CC4UJ UT WOS:000350349100003 PM 25673674 ER PT J AU Slepian, Z Eisenstein, DJ AF Slepian, Zachary Eisenstein, Daniel J. TI On the signature of the baryon-dark matter relative velocity in the two- and three-point galaxy correlation functions SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE cosmology: theory; distance scale; large-scale structure of Universe ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; STREAMING VELOCITIES; COLOR DEPENDENCE; REDSHIFT SURVEY; SDSS GALAXIES; ACOUSTIC PEAK; UNIVERSE; RADIATION AB We develop a configuration-space picture of the relative velocity between baryons and dark matter that clearly explains how it can shift the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale in the galaxy-galaxy correlation function. The shift occurs because the relative velocity is non-zero only within the sound horizon and thus adds to the correlation function asymmetrically about the BAO peak. We further show that in configuration space the relative velocity has a localized, distinctive signature in the three-point galaxy correlation function (3PCF). In particular, we find that a multipole decomposition is a favourable way to isolate the relative velocity in the 3PCF, and that there is a strong signature in the l = 1 multipole for triangles with two sides around the BAO scale. Finally, we investigate a further compression of the 3PCF to a function of only one triangle side that preserves the localized nature of the relative velocity signature while also nicely separating linear from non-linear bias. We expect that this scheme will substantially lessen the computational burden of finding the relative velocity in the 3PCF. The relative velocity's 3PCF signature can be used to correct the shift induced in the galaxy-galaxy correlation function so that no systematic error due to this effect is introduced into the BAO as used for precision cosmology. C1 [Slepian, Zachary; Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Slepian, Z (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM zslepian@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [DGE-1144152] FX ZS thanks Neta Bahcall, Jo Bovy, Pierre Christian, Cora Dvorkin, Anastasia Fialkov, Doug Finkbeiner, Margaret Geller, JR Gott III, Laura Kulowski, Avi Loeb, Chung-Pei Ma, Robert Marsland, Cameron McBride, Philip Mocz, Jim Moran, Stephen Portillo, Matthew Reece, Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh, David Spergel, and Harvey Tananbaum for useful discussions during this work. ZS especially thanks Harry Desmond, Meredith MacGregor, Smadar Naoz, Yuan-Sen Ting, and Anjali Tripathi for comments on the manuscript. We also thank the anonymous referee for comments that considerably improved the scientific content and presentation of this work. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1144152. NR 76 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 9 EP 26 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2627 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500002 ER PT J AU Nelson, D Genel, S Vogelsberger, M Springel, V Sijacki, D Torrey, P Hernquist, L AF Nelson, Dylan Genel, Shy Vogelsberger, Mark Springel, Volker Sijacki, Debora Torrey, Paul Hernquist, Lars TI The impact of feedback on cosmological gas accretion SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes; cosmology: theory ID MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; GALACTIC NUCLEUS FEEDBACK; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; GALAXY FORMATION PHYSICS; HIGH-REDSHIFT; STELLAR FEEDBACK; STAR-FORMATION; COLD FLOWS; HYDRODYNAMICAL SIMULATIONS; ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS AB We investigate how the way galaxies acquire their gas across cosmic time in cosmological hydrodynamic simulations is modified by a comprehensive physical model for baryonic feedback processes. To do so, we compare two simulations - with and without feedback - both evolved with the moving mesh code AREPO. The feedback runs implement the full physics model of the Illustris simulation project, including star formation driven galactic winds and energetic feedback from supermassive black holes. We explore: (a) the accretion rate of material contributing to the net growth of galaxies and originating directly from the intergalactic medium, finding that feedback strongly suppresses the raw, as well as the net, inflow of this 'smoothmode' gas at all redshifts, regardless of the temperature history of newly acquired gas. (b) At the virial radius the temperature and radial flux of inflowing gas is largely unaffected at z = 2. However, the spherical covering fraction of inflowing gas at 0.25 r(vir) decreases substantially, from more than 80 per cent to less than 50 per cent, while the rates of both inflow and outflow increase, indicative of recycling across this boundary. (c) The fractional contribution of smooth accretion to the total accretion rate is lower in the simulation with feedback, by roughly a factor of 2 across all redshifts. Moreover, the smooth component of gas with a cold temperature history, is entirely suppressed in the feedback run at z < 1. (d) The amount of time taken by gas to cross from the virial radius to the galaxy - the 'halo transit time' - increases in the presence of feedback by a factor of similar to 2-3, and is notably independent of halo mass. We discuss the possible implications of this invariance for theoretical models of hot halo gas cooling. C1 [Nelson, Dylan; Genel, Shy; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark; Torrey, Paul] MIT, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, ARI, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Nelson, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dnelson@cfa.harvard.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786 FU European Research Council [EXAGAL-308037]; NASA [NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX The computations presented in this paper were performed on the Odyssey cluster at Harvard University. VS acknowledges support by the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. DN thanks the anonymous referee for many useful comments and suggestions. NR 93 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 59 EP 74 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv017 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500006 ER PT J AU Ellison, SL Fertig, D Rosenberg, JL Nair, P Simard, L Torrey, P Patton, DR AF Ellison, Sara L. Fertig, Derek Rosenberg, Jessica L. Nair, Preethi Simard, Luc Torrey, Paul Patton, David R. TI The neutral gas content of post-merger galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Galaxies: interactions; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: peculiar ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; STAR-FORMATION RATE; FAST ALPHA SURVEY; LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HI DATA STACKING; MOLECULAR GAS; INTERACTING GALAXIES; FORMATION HISTORY; FORMING GALAXIES AB Measurements of the neutral hydrogen gas content of a sample of 93 post-merger galaxies are presented, from a combination of matches to the ALFALFA. 40 data release and new Arecibo observations. By imposing completeness thresholds identical to that of the ALFALFA(Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA) survey, and by compiling a mass-, redshift- and environment-matched control sample from the public ALFALFA. 40 data release, we calculate gas fraction offsets (Delta f(gas)) for the post-mergers, relative to the control sample. We find that the post-mergers have HI gas fractions that are consistent with undisturbed galaxies. However, due to the relative gas richness of the ALFALFA. 40 sample, from which we draw our control sample, our measurements of gas fraction enhancements are likely to be conservative lower limits. Combined with comparable gas fraction measurements by Fertig et al. in a sample of galaxy pairs, who also determine gas fraction offsets consistent with zero, we conclude that there is no evidence for significant neutral gas consumption throughout the merger sequence. From a suite of 75 binary merger simulations we confirm that star formation is expected to decrease the post-merger gas fraction by only 0.06 dex, even several Gyr after the merger. Moreover, in addition to the lack of evidence for gas consumption from gas fraction offsets, the observed HI detection fraction in the complete sample of post-mergers is twice as high as the controls, which suggests that the post-merger gas fractions may actually be enhanced. We demonstrate that a gas fraction enhancement in post-mergers, relative to a stellar mass-matched control sample, would indeed be the natural result of merging randomly drawn pairs from a parent population which exhibits a declining gas fraction with increasing stellar mass. C1 [Ellison, Sara L.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Fertig, Derek; Rosenberg, Jessica L.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Nair, Preethi] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Simard, Luc] Natl Res Council Canada, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Torrey, Paul] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Patton, David R.] Trent Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. RP Ellison, SL (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. EM sarae@uvic.ca OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786 FU NSERC; NSF [AST-000167932]; George Mason University FX SLE and DRP acknowledge the receipt of an NSERC Discovery grant and DF and JLR acknowledge NSF grant AST-000167932 and a George Mason University Presidential Fellowship for support of this work. SLE is grateful to Trevor Mendel for discussions concerning stellar mass, to the astronomers at CEA-Saclay for hospitality during the final stages of this work and also to Paola Di Matteo, Gary Mamon, Florent Renaud, Pierre-Alain Duc, Stephanie Juneau and Frederic Bournaud for interesting merger-related discussions during her visit. We have also benefitted from discussions with Romeel Dave, Mark Sargent and Sheila Kannappan. NR 112 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 221 EP 236 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2744 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500015 ER PT J AU Li, GJ Adams, FC AF Li, Gongjie Adams, Fred C. TI Cross-sections for planetary systems interacting with passing stars and binaries SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability; planetary systems ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; SOLAR-SYSTEM; GIANT PLANETS; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; STELLAR ENCOUNTERS; EMBEDDED CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; YOUNG; SUN AB Most planetary systems are formed within stellar clusters, and these environments can shape their properties. This paper considers scattering encounters between solar systems and passing cluster members, and calculates the corresponding interaction cross-sections. The target solar systems are generally assumed to have four giant planets, with a variety of starting states, including circular orbits with the semimajor axes of our planets, a more compact configuration, an ultracompact state with multiple mean motion resonances, and systems with massive planets. We then consider the effects of varying the cluster velocity dispersion, the relative importance of binaries versus single stars, different stellar host masses, and finite starting eccentricities of the planetary orbits. For each state of the initial system, we perform an ensemble of numerical scattering experiments and determine the cross-sections for eccentricity increase, inclination angle increase, planet ejection, and capture. This paper reports results from over 2 million individual scattering simulations. Using supporting analytic considerations, and fitting functions to the numerical results, we find a universal formula that gives the cross-sections as a function of stellar host mass, cluster velocity dispersion, starting planetary orbital radius, and final eccentricity. The resulting cross-sections can be used in a wide variety of applications. As one example, we revisit constraints on the birth aggregate of our Solar system due to dynamical scattering and find N less than or similar to 10(4) (consistent with previous estimates). C1 [Li, Gongjie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Adams, Fred C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Adams, Fred C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Li, GJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM fca@umich.edu NR 62 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 344 EP 363 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv012 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500023 ER PT J AU Hanif, A Protopapas, P AF Hanif, A. Protopapas, P. TI Recursive Bayesian estimation of regularized and irregular quasar light curves SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; Magellanic Clouds; quasars: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DAMPED RANDOM-WALK; OPTICAL VARIABILITY; MACHO PROJECT; CLASSIFICATION; FLUCTUATIONS; METHODOLOGY; MODELS AB We investigate the efficacy of recursive Bayesian estimation of regularized and irregular astrophysical time series using particle filters to understand latent dynamics. We begin by regularizing a MACHO (massive compact halo object) quasar light curve using linear interpolation techniques. This is subsequently modelled using a variety of autoregressive and autoregressive-integrated moving average models. We find that we can learn regularized astrophysical time series using particle filters. Motivated by this result, we proceed by working on raw, irregular light curves. Accurately modelling the underlying dynamics as a continuous autoregressive stochastic process, calibrated using an MCMC we find that the scale variable, t, is in fact first-order stable across 55 MACHO quasar light curves and thus not correlated with the black hole mass. We show that particle filters can be used to learn regularized and irregular astrophysical light curves. These results can be used to inform classification systems of stellar type and further study variability characteristics of quasars. C1 [Hanif, A.; Protopapas, P.] Harvard Univ, Inst Appl Computat Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hanif, A.] UCL, Dept Comp Sci, Intelligent Syst Grp, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Protopapas, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hanif, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Inst Appl Computat Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ayub.hanif@ucl.ac.uk FU UCL Graduate School FX This work is supported by the UCL Graduate School under the Research Projects Fund. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 390 EP 402 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv004 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500026 ER PT J AU Wolter, A Esposito, P Mapelli, M Pizzolato, F Ripamonti, E AF Wolter, Anna Esposito, Paolo Mapelli, Michela Pizzolato, Fabio Ripamonti, Emanuele TI NGC 2276: a remarkable galaxy with a large number of ultraluminous X-ray sources SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: individual: NGC2276; galaxies: star formation; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: galaxies ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; MASS BLACK-HOLE; XMM-NEWTON; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; ANTENNAE GALAXIES; NGC-2300 GROUP; DISK GALAXIES; CHANDRA; EMISSION; BINARIES AB The starbusting, nearby (D = 32.9 Mpc) spiral (Sc) galaxy NGC 2276 belongs to the sparse group dominated by the elliptical galaxy NGC 2300. NGC 2276 is a remarkable galaxy, as it displays a disturbed morphology at many wavelengths. This is possibly due to gravitational interaction with the central elliptical galaxy of the group. Previous ROSAT and XMM-Newton observations resulted in the detection of extended hot gas emission and of a single very bright (similar to 10(41) erg s(-1)) ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) candidate. Here, we report on a study of the X-ray sources of NGC 2276 based on Chandra data taken in 2004. Chandra was able to resolve 16 sources, 8 of which are ULXs, and to reveal that the previous ULX candidate is actually composed of a few distinct objects. We construct the luminosity function of NGC 2276, which can be interpreted as dominated by high-mass X-ray binaries, and estimate the star formation rate (SFR) to be similar to 5-15 M-circle dot yr(-1), consistent with the values derived from optical and infrared observations. By means of numerical simulations, we show that both ram pressure and viscous transfer effects are necessary to produce the distorted morphology and the high SFR observed in NGC 2276, while tidal interaction have a marginal effect. C1 [Wolter, Anna] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-20121 Milan, Italy. [Esposito, Paolo] IASF Milano, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Esposito, Paolo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mapelli, Michela] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Pizzolato, Fabio] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Ripamonti, Emanuele] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, I-35122 Padua, Italy. RP Wolter, A (reprint author), Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, Via Brera 28, I-20121 Milan, Italy. EM anna.wolter@brera.inaf.it OI Wolter, Anna/0000-0001-5840-9835; Mapelli, Michela/0000-0001-8799-2548; Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092 FU INAF through grant PRIN; Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) [FIRB 2012 RBFR12PM1F]; Fulbright Research Scholar grant; US Department of State; NASA; US Government [NAG W-2166] FX We thank Stefano Rota and Mattia Villani for their contribution in an earlier stage of the analysis. We thank Ewan O'Sullivan for precious suggestions. We thank Dong-Woo Kim, Mar Mezcua and the referees for useful inputs that helped improve the paper. We acknowledge partial financial support from INAF through grant PRIN-2011-1 (Challenging Ultraluminous X-ray sources: chasing their black holes and formation pathways). MM and AW acknowledge financial support from the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) through grant FIRB 2012 RBFR12PM1F. PE acknowledges a Fulbright Research Scholar grant administered by the US-Italy Fulbright Commission and is grateful to the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for hosting him during his Fulbright exchange. (The Fulbright Scholar Program is sponsored by the US Department of State and administered by CIES, a division of IIE.) This research is based on data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive and has made use of software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application package CIAO. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the NASA and of the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under US Government grant NAG W-2166. The simulations were performed with the Lagrange cluster at the Consorzio Interuniversitario Lombardo per L'Elaborazione Automatica (CILEA). NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 781 EP 791 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv054 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500053 ER PT J AU Suresh, J Bird, S Vogelsberger, M Genel, S Torrey, P Sijacki, D Springel, V Hernquist, L AF Suresh, Joshua Bird, Simeon Vogelsberger, Mark Genel, Shy Torrey, Paul Sijacki, Debora Springel, Volker Hernquist, Lars TI The impact of galactic feedback on the circumgalactic medium SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: formation; intergalactic medium ID MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; METAL-LINE ABSORPTION; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; BARYONIC STRUCTURE SURVEY; GALAXY FORMATION PHYSICS; STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; DAMPED LYMAN-ALPHA; TO 2-3 GALAXIES; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; STELLAR FEEDBACK AB Galactic feedback strongly affects the way galactic environments are enriched. We examine this connection by performing a suite of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations, exploring a range of parameters based on the galaxy formation model developed in Vogelsberger et al. We examine the effects of AGN feedback, wind mass loading, wind specific energy, and wind metal-loading on the properties of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of galaxies with M-halo > 10(11) M-circle dot. Note that while the V13 model was tuned to match observations including the stellar mass function, no explicit tuning was done for the CGM. The wind energy per unit outflow mass has the most significant effect on the CGM enrichment. High-energy winds launch metals far beyond the virial radius. AGN feedback also has a significant effect, but only at z < 3. We compare to high-redshift HI and CIV observations. All our simulations produce the observed number of Damped Lyman alpha Absorbers. At lower column density, several of our simulations produce enough Lyman Limit Systems (LLS) 100 kpc from the galaxy, but in all cases the LLS abundance falls off with distance faster than observations, with too few LLS at 200 kpc. Further, in all models the CIV abundance drops off too sharply with distance, with too little CIV 100-200 kpc from the galaxy. Higher energy wind models produce more extended CIV but also produce less stars, in tension with star formation rate density observations. This highlights the fact that circumgalactic observations are a strong constraint on galactic feedback models. C1 [Suresh, Joshua; Genel, Shy; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bird, Simeon] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark; Torrey, Paul] MIT, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, ARI, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Suresh, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jsuresh@cfa.harvard.edu OI Bird, Simeon/0000-0001-5803-5490; Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786 FU European Research Council [ERC-StG EXAGAL-308037]; NASA [NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX JS thanks Rob Simcoe, Kate Rubin, Laura Sales, Vicente Rodriguez-Gomez, and Dylan Nelson for their helpful comments. VS acknowledges support by the European Research Council under ERC-StG EXAGAL-308037. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 61 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 895 EP 909 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2762 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500059 ER PT J AU Cerruti, M Zech, A Boisson, C Inoue, S AF Cerruti, M. Zech, A. Boisson, C. Inoue, S. TI A hadronic origin for ultra-high-frequency-peaked BL Lac objects SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; relativistic processes; BL Lacertae objects: general; BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 0229+200; BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 0347-121 ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; INVERSE-COMPTON EMISSION; BLACK-HOLE MASSES; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; LACERTAE OBJECTS; 1ES 0229+200; X-RAY AB Current Cherenkov telescopes have identified a population of ultra-high-frequency peaked BL Lac objects (UHBLs), also known as extreme blazars, that exhibit exceptionally hard TeV spectra, including 1ES 0229+200, 1ES 0347-121, RGB J0710+591, 1ES 1101-232, and 1ES 1218+304. Although one-zone synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) models have been generally successful in interpreting the high-energy emission observed in other BL Lac objects, they are problematic for UHBLs, necessitating very large Doppler factors and/or extremely high minimum Lorentz factors of the emitting leptonic population. In this context, we have investigated alternative scenarios where hadronic emission processes are important, using a newly developed (lepto-)hadronic numerical code to systematically explore the physical parameters of the emission region that reproduces the observed spectra while avoiding the extreme values encountered in pure SSC models. Assuming a fixed Doppler factor delta = 30, two principal parameter regimes are identified, where the high-energy emission is due to: (1) proton-synchrotron radiation, with magnetic fields B similar to 1-100G and maximum proton energies E-p; max less than or similar to 10(19) eV; and (2) synchrotron emission from p-gamma-induced cascades as well as SSC emission from primary leptons, with B similar to 0.1-1 G and E-p; max less than or similar to 10(17) eV. This can be realized with plausible, sub-Eddington values for the total (kinetic plus magnetic) power of the emitting plasma, in contrast to hadronic interpretations for other blazar classes that often warrant highly super-Eddington values. C1 [Cerruti, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zech, A.; Boisson, C.] PSL Res Univ, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, LUTH,Observ Paris, F-92190 Meudon, France. [Inoue, S.] Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan. [Inoue, S.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. RP Cerruti, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM matteo.cerruti@cfa.harvard.edu; andreas.zech@obspm.fr NR 110 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 2015 VL 448 IS 1 BP 910 EP 927 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2691 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TS UT WOS:000350273500060 ER PT J AU Glenday, AG Li, CH Langellier, N Chang, GQ Chen, LJ Furesz, G Zibrov, AA Kartner, F Phillips, DF Sasselov, D Szentgyorgyi, A Walsworth, RL AF Glenday, Alexander G. Li, Chih-Hao Langellier, Nicholas Chang, Guoqing Chen, Li-Jin Furesz, Gabor Zibrov, Alexander A. Kaertner, Franz Phillips, David F. Sasselov, Dimitar Szentgyorgyi, Andrew Walsworth, Ronald L. TI Operation of a broadband visible-wavelength astro-comb with a high-resolution astrophysical spectrograph SO OPTICA LA English DT Article ID LASER FREQUENCY COMB; CM S(-1); CALIBRATION; PRECISION AB Searches for Earth-like exoplanets using the periodic Doppler shift of stellar absorption lines require 10 cm/s precision in the measurement of stellar radial velocity (RV) over timescales of years. Current techniques have led to the discovery of short-period exoplanets that induce RV wobbles as small as approximate to 1 m/s on their parent stars. It has been suggested that order-of-magnitude improved RV precision may be achievable using an astro-comb, a laser frequency comb optimized for astrophysical spectrograph wavelength calibration. Here we report the development of a broadband visible-wavelength astro-comb and its operation with the HARPS-N spectrograph at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo in the Canary Islands. This green astro-comb has > 7000 narrow (< 1 MHz) spectral lines spaced by 16 GHz with relatively uniform line power from 500 to 620 nm. The line frequencies are locked to GPS, enabling us to realize HARPS-N wavelength calibration with RV measurement precision and stability < 10 cm/s. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America. C1 [Glenday, Alexander G.; Li, Chih-Hao; Furesz, Gabor; Zibrov, Alexander A.; Phillips, David F.; Sasselov, Dimitar; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Langellier, Nicholas; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chang, Guoqing; Kaertner, Franz] MIT, Dept EECS, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chang, Guoqing; Kaertner, Franz] MIT, RLE, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chen, Li-Jin] Idesta Quantum Elect LLC, Newton, NJ 07860 USA. [Chang, Guoqing; Kaertner, Franz] DESY, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Chang, Guoqing; Kaertner, Franz] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. RP Walsworth, RL (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rwalsworth@cfa.harvard.edu FU Harvard University Origins of Life Initiative; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) FX Harvard University Origins of Life Initiative; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO). NR 22 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 15 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2334-2536 J9 OPTICA JI Optica PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 2 IS 3 BP 250 EP 254 DI 10.1364/OPTICA.2.000250 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA CI6KE UT WOS:000354867000010 ER PT J AU Higgins, MA Asner, GP Anderson, CB Martin, RE Knapp, DE Tupayachi, R Perez, E Elespuru, N Alonso, A AF Higgins, Mark A. Asner, Gregory P. Anderson, Christopher B. Martin, Roberta E. Knapp, David E. Tupayachi, Raul Perez, Eneas Elespuru, Nydia Alonso, Alfonso TI Regional-Scale Drivers of Forest Structure and Function in Northwestern Amazonia SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY; FOOTPRINT LIDAR; PATTERNS; TREE; BIOMASS; LANDSCAPE; SOILS; MELASTOMATACEAE; PTERIDOPHYTES AB Field studies in Amazonia have found a relationship at continental scales between soil fertility and broad trends in forest structure and function. Little is known at regional scales, however, about how discrete patterns in forest structure or functional attributes map onto underlying edaphic or geological patterns. We collected airborne LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data and VSWIR (Visible to Shortwave Infrared) imaging spectroscopy measurements over 600 km(2) of northwestern Amazonian lowland forests. We also established 83 inventories of plant species composition and soil properties, distributed between two widespread geological formations. Using these data, we mapped forest structure and canopy reflectance, and compared them to patterns in plant species composition, soils, and underlying geology. We found that variations in soils and species composition explained up to 70% of variation in canopy height, and corresponded to profound changes in forest vertical profiles. We further found that soils and plant species composition explained more than 90% of the variation in canopy reflectance as measured by imaging spectroscopy, indicating edaphic and compositional control of canopy chemical properties. We last found that soils explained between 30% and 70% of the variation in gap frequency in these forests, depending on the height threshold used to define gaps. Our findings indicate that a relatively small number of edaphic and compositional variables, corresponding to underlying geology, may be responsible for variations in canopy structure and chemistry over large expanses of Amazonian forest. C1 [Higgins, Mark A.; Asner, Gregory P.; Anderson, Christopher B.; Martin, Roberta E.; Knapp, David E.; Tupayachi, Raul] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Perez, Eneas; Elespuru, Nydia] Univ Nacl Amazonia Peruana, Fac Ciencias Biol, Iquitos, Peru. [Alonso, Alfonso] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Washington, DC USA. RP Asner, GP (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM gpa@stanford.edu FU Carnegie Institution for Science (USA); National Science Foundation (USA); American-Scandinavian Foundation (USA); Duke University (USA) FX This work was supported by the Carnegie Institution for Science (USA; www.carnegiescience.edu), Fellowship support to MAH. Grant number not available. This work was also supported by the National Science Foundation (USA; www.nsf.gov), Fellowship support to MAH. Grant number not available. This study was further supported by the American-Scandinavian Foundation (USA; www.amscan.org), Fellowship support to MAH. Grant number not available. Finally, the study was supported by Duke University (USA; www.duke.edu), Small travel grant to MAH. Grant numbers not available. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 26 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0119887 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0119887 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CE8IA UT WOS:000352084200125 PM 25793602 ER PT J AU Auchettl, K Slane, P Romani, RW Posselt, B Pavlov, GG Kargaltsev, O Ng, CY Temim, T Weisskopf, MC Bykov, A Swartz, DA AF Auchettl, Katie Slane, Patrick Romani, Roger W. Posselt, Bettina Pavlov, George G. Kargaltsev, Oleg Ng, C-Y. Temim, Tea Weisskopf, Martin. C. Bykov, Andrei Swartz, Douglas A. TI X-RAY ANALYSIS OF THE PROPER MOTION AND PULSAR WIND NEBULA FOR PSR J1741-2054 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars: individual (PSR J1741-2054); X-rays: general ID NEUTRON-STAR; DISTRIBUTIONS; LAT AB We obtained six observations of PSR J1741-2054 using the Chandra ACIS-S detector totaling similar to 300 ks. By registering this new epoch of observations to an archival observation taken 3.2 yr earlier using X-ray point sources in the field of view, we have measured the pulsar proper motion at mu = 109 +/- 10 mas yr(-1) in a direction consistent with the symmetry axis of the observed Ha nebula. We investigated the inferred past trajectory of the pulsar but find no compelling association with OB associations in which the progenitor may have originated. We confirm previous measurements of the pulsar spectrum as an absorbed power law with photon index Gamma = 2.68 +/- 0.04, plus a blackbody with an emission radius of (4.5(-2.5)(+3.2)) d(0.38) km, for a DM-estimated distance of 0.38d(0.38) kpc and a temperature of 61.7 +/- 3.0 eV. Emission from the compact nebula is well described by an absorbed power law model with a photon index of Gamma = 1.67 +/- 0.06, while the diffuse emission seen as a trail extending northeast of the pulsar shows no evidence of synchrotron cooling. We also applied image deconvolution techniques to search for small-scale structures in the immediate vicinity of the pulsar, but found no conclusive evidence for such structures. C1 [Auchettl, Katie; Slane, Patrick] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Auchettl, Katie] Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia. [Romani, Roger W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Posselt, Bettina; Pavlov, George G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kargaltsev, Oleg] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Ng, C-Y.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Temim, Tea] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observat Cosmol Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Temim, Tea] Univ Maryland, CRESST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Weisskopf, Martin. C.; Swartz, Douglas A.] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Bykov, Andrei] AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Bykov, Andrei] St Petersburg State Politech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. RP Auchettl, K (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Bykov, Andrei/E-3131-2014; OI Posselt, Bettina/0000-0003-2317-9747; /0000-0002-5847-2612; Temim, Tea/0000-0001-7380-3144 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 68 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/68 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700068 ER PT J AU Bower, GC Markoff, S Dexter, J Gurwell, MA Moran, JM Brunthaler, A Falcke, H Fragile, PC Maitra, D Marrone, D Peck, A Rushton, A Wright, MCH AF Bower, Geoffrey C. Markoff, Sera Dexter, Jason Gurwell, Mark A. Moran, James M. Brunthaler, Andreas Falcke, Heino Fragile, P. Chris Maitra, Dipankar Marrone, Dan Peck, Alison Rushton, Anthony Wright, Melvyn C. H. TI RADIO AND MILLIMETER MONITORING OF Sgr A*: SPECTRUM, VARIABILITY, AND CONSTRAINTS ON THE G2 ENCOUNTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; Galaxy: center ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; CENTER CLOUD G2; GALACTIC-CENTER; SAGITTARIUS-A; GRMHD SIMULATIONS; INFRARED-EMISSION; BOW SHOCK; MILKY-WAY; GAS CLOUD; MU-M AB We report new observations with the Very Large Array, Atacama Large Millimeter Array, and Submillimeter Array at frequencies from 1.0 to 355 GHz of the Galactic Center black hole, Sagittarius A*. These observations were conducted between 2012 October and 2014 November. While we see variability over the whole spectrum with an amplitude as large as a factor of 2 at millimeter wavelengths, we find no evidence for a change in the mean flux density or spectrum of Sgr A* that can be attributed to interaction with the G2 source. The absence of a bow shock at low frequencies is consistent with a cross-sectional area for G2 that is less than 2 x 10(29) cm(2). This result fits with several model predictions including a magnetically arrested cloud, a pressure-confined stellar wind, and a stellar photosphere of a binary merger. There is no evidence for enhanced accretion onto the black hole driving greater jet and/or accretion flow emission. Finally, we measure the millimeter wavelength spectral index of Sgr A* to be flat; combined with previous measurements, this suggests that there is no spectral break between 230 and 690 GHz. The emission region is thus likely in a transition between optically thick and thin at these frequencies and requires a mix of lepton distributions with varying temperatures consistent with stratification. C1 [Bower, Geoffrey C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Markoff, Sera] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Dexter, Jason] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Gurwell, Mark A.; Moran, James M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brunthaler, Andreas; Falcke, Heino] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Falcke, Heino] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Falcke, Heino] ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Fragile, P. Chris] Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Maitra, Dipankar] Wheaton Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Norton, MA 02766 USA. [Marrone, Dan] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Peck, Alison] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Rushton, Anthony] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Rushton, Anthony] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Wright, Melvyn C. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bower, GC (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM gbower@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw OI Moran, James/0000-0002-3882-4414 FU Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica FX The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA#2012.1.00635. S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. We thank Michael Johnson for helpful discussions. NR 67 TC 21 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 69 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/69 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700069 ER PT J AU Chen, CTJ Hickox, RC Alberts, S Harrison, CM Alexander, DM Assef, R Brodwin, M Brown, MJI Del Moro, A Forman, WR Gorjian, V Goulding, AD Hainline, KN Jones, C Kochanek, CS Murray, SS Pope, A Rovilos, E Stern, D AF Chen, Chien-Ting J. Hickox, Ryan C. Alberts, Stacey Harrison, Chris M. Alexander, David M. Assef, Roberto Brodwin, Mark Brown, Michael J. I. Del Moro, Agnese Forman, William R. Gorjian, Varoujan Goulding, Andrew D. Hainline, Kevin N. Jones, Christine Kochanek, Christopher S. Murray, Stephen S. Pope, Alexandra Rovilos, Emmanouel Stern, Daniel TI A CONNECTION BETWEEN OBSCURATION AND STAR FORMATION IN LUMINOUS QUASARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies; quasars: general; X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; X-RAY-EMISSION; HEAVILY OBSCURED QUASARS; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; BLACK-HOLE ACCRETION; IRAC SHALLOW SURVEY; WIDE-FIELD SURVEY; HOST GALAXIES AB We present a measurement of the star formation properties of a uniform sample of mid-IR-selected, optically unobscured, and obscured quasars (QSO1s and QSO2s) in the Bootes. survey region. We use a spectral energy distribution analysis for photometric data spanning optical to far-IR wavelengths to separate the active galactic nucleus (AGN) and host galaxy components. We find that when compared to a matched sample of QSO1s, the QSO2s have roughly twice the far-IR detection fractions, far-IR fluxes, and infrared star formation luminosities (L-IR(SF)). Correspondingly, we show that the AGN obscured fraction rises from 0.3 to 0.7 between (4-40) x 10(11)L(circle dot). We also find evidence associating X-ray absorption with the presence of far-IR-emitting dust. Overall, these results are consistent with galaxy evolution models in which quasar obscuration is associated with. dust-enshrouded starburst galaxies. C1 [Chen, Chien-Ting J.; Hickox, Ryan C.; Hainline, Kevin N.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Alberts, Stacey; Pope, Alexandra] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Harrison, Chris M.; Alexander, David M.; Del Moro, Agnese; Rovilos, Emmanouel] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Assef, Roberto] Univ Diego Portales, Nucleo Astron, Fac Ingn, Santiago, Chile. [Brodwin, Mark] Univ Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Brown, Michael J. I.] Monash Univ, Sch Phys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Forman, William R.; Goulding, Andrew D.; Jones, Christine] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gorjian, Varoujan; Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Kochanek, Christopher S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Murray, Stephen S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Chen, CTJ (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM ctchen@dartmouth.edu RI Brown, Michael/B-1181-2015; OI Brown, Michael/0000-0002-1207-9137; Chen, Chien-Ting/0000-0002-4945-5079; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU Gemini-CONICYT [32120009]; NASA through ADAP Award [NNX12AE38G]; National Science Foundation [1211096]; Science and Technologies Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/I001573/1]; Leverhulme Trust; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Dartmouth Class of Faculty Fellowship; Dartmouth Fellowship; William H. Neukom Institute for Computational Science; [NAS8-03060] FX We thank the anonymous referee for a careful reading of the manuscript and helpful suggestions that strengthened this paper greatly. We thank our colleagues on the AGES, ISS, SDWFS, NDWFS, and the XBootes. teams. and the HerMES team for making the data publicly available. The first Spitzer MIPS survey of the Bootes. region was obtained using GTO time provided by the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph Team (PI,. James Houck) and by M. Rieke. We thank the collaborators in that work for access to the 24 mu m. catalog generated from those data by Emeric Le Floc'h. This work was supported under Contract NAS8-03060. R.J.A. was supported by Gemini-CONICYT Grant 32120009. K.N.H and R.C.H. were partially supported by NASA through ADAP Award NNX12AE38G and by the National Science Foundation through Grant 1211096. This work was also supported by Science and Technologies Facilities Council (STFC) grant ST/I001573/1 (D.M.A. and A.D.M.) and the Leverhulme Trust (D.M.A.). R.C.H. acknowledges support from an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship and Dartmouth Class of 1962 Faculty Fellowship. C.-T. J.C was supported by a Dartmouth Fellowship and the William H. Neukom 1964 Institute for Computational Science. NR 112 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 50 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/50 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700050 ER PT J AU Croll, B Albert, L Jayawardhana, R Cushing, M Moutou, C Lafreniere, D Johnson, JA Bonomo, AS Deleuil, M Fortney, J AF Croll, Bryce Albert, Loic Jayawardhana, Ray Cushing, Michael Moutou, Claire Lafreniere, David Johnson, John Asher Bonomo, Aldo S. Deleuil, Magali Fortney, Jonathan TI NEAR-INFRARED THERMAL EMISSION DETECTIONS OF A NUMBER OF HOT JUPITERS AND THE SYSTEMATICS OF GROUND-BASED NEAR-INFRARED PHOTOMETRY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE eclipses; infrared: planetary systems; planetary systems; techniques: photometric ID NICMOS TRANSMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; EXOPLANET HD 189733B; WIDE-FIELD CAMERA; EARTH GJ 1214B; SECONDARY ECLIPSE; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; MU-M; DAYSIDE SPECTRUM; WASP-12B AB We present detections of the near-infrared thermal emission of three hot Jupiters and one brown dwarf using the Wide-field Infrared Camera (WIRCam) on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). These include Ks-band secondary eclipse detections of the hot Jupiters WASP-3b and Qatar-1b and the brown dwarf KELT-1b. We also report Y-band, K-CONT-band, and two new and one reanalyzed Ks-band detections of the thermal emission of the hot Jupiter WASP-12b. We present a new reduction pipeline for CFHT/WIRCam data, which is optimized for high precision photometry. We also describe novel techniques for constraining systematic errors in ground-based near-infrared photometry, so as to return reliable secondary eclipse depths and uncertainties. We discuss the noise properties of our ground-based photometry for wavelengths spanning the near-infrared (the YJHK bands), for faint and bright stars, and for the same object on several occasions. For the hot Jupiters WASP-3b and WASP-12b we demonstrate the repeatability of our eclipse depth measurements in the Ks band; we therefore place stringent limits on the systematics of ground-based, near-infrared photometry, and also rule out violent weather changes in the deep, high pressure atmospheres of these two hot Jupiters at the epochs of our observations. C1 [Croll, Bryce] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Albert, Loic; Lafreniere, David] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Jayawardhana, Ray] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON L3T 3R1, Canada. [Cushing, Michael] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Moutou, Claire] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Johnson, John Asher] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bonomo, Aldo S.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Deleuil, Magali] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Fortney, Jonathan] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Croll, B (reprint author), 5525 Olund Rd, Abbotsford, BC, Canada. EM croll@space.mit.edu FU NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX B.C.'s work was performed under a contract with the California Institute of Technology funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program. The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada supported the research of B.C. during much of the completion of the work described here. The authors especially appreciate the hard work and diligence of the CFHT staff for both scheduling the challenging CFHT observations described here and ensuring these "Staring Mode" observations were successful. We thank Kevin Schlaufman and Gordon Walker for providing helpful comments that improved this manuscript. NR 74 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 28 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/28 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700028 ER PT J AU Drake, JJ Chung, SM Kashyap, VL Garcia-Alvarez, D AF Drake, Jeremy J. Chung, Sun Mi Kashyap, Vinay L. Garcia-Alvarez, David TI X-RAY EVIDENCE FOR A POLE-DOMINATED CORONA ON AB DOR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: coronae; stars: late-type; stars: magnetic field; stars: rotation; stars: winds, outflows; X-rays: stars ID ACTIVE STELLAR CORONAE; DORADUS MOVING GROUP; MAGNETIC-FIELD MAPS; DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION; QUADRUPLE SYSTEM; DOPPLER SHIFTS; STAR-SPOTS; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; CHANDRA AB A fine analysis of spectral line widths and Doppler shifts employing Fourier transform and cross-correlation techniques has been applied to Chandra HETG spectra obtained in 1999 October of the rapidly rotating young star AB Doradus in order to investigate its coronal topology. The observation lasted 52.3 ks, covering 1.2 rotation periods. The X-ray light curve obtained from integrating the dispersed signal revealed a moderate intensity flare midway through the exposure in which the count rate increased sharply by about 50% and subsequently decayed over the next 10 ks. We find no significant Doppler shifts in the spectra or modulation of the light curve that could be attributed to rotation of dominant coronal structures at this epoch. Individual spectral line widths are statistically consistent with thermal broadening and formally require no rotational broadening, while the 1 sigma limit to rotational broadening corresponds to a compact corona restricted to latitudes <57 degrees. Fourier analysis suggests a small amount of rotational broadening is present consistent with a corona restricted largely to the poles, and excludes models with surface rotational broadening or greater. These results present direct spectroscopic evidence that the dominant coronal activity on rapidly rotating active stars is associated with the dark polar spots commonly seen in photospheric Doppler images and support models in which these spots are of mixed magnetic polarity that forms closed loops. C1 [Drake, Jeremy J.; Chung, Sun Mi; Kashyap, Vinay L.; Garcia-Alvarez, David] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chung, Sun Mi] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, McPherson Lab 4055, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Garcia-Alvarez, David] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain. [Garcia-Alvarez, David] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. RP Drake, JJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, MS-3,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jdrake@cfa.harvard.edu; chung@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; vkashyap@cfa.harvard.edu; david.garcia@gtc.iac.es FU NASA AISRP; NASA [NAS8-03060]; Chandra grants [GO1-2021, GO2-3010X, AR4-5002X] FX We thank an anonymous referee for a very helpful report that enabled us to significantly improve the manuscript. We thank the NASA AISRP for providing financial assistance for the development of the PINTofALE package and the CHIANTI project for making publicly available the results of their substantial effort in assembling atomic data useful for coronal plasma analysis. J.J.D. and V.L.K. were supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 to the Chandra X-ray Center during the course of this research. DG was supported by Chandra grants GO1-2021, GO2-3010X, and AR4-5002X. NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 62 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/62 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700062 ER PT J AU Jee, MJ Stroe, A Dawson, W Wittman, D Hoekstra, H Bruggen, M Rottgering, H Sobral, D van Weeren, RJ AF Jee, M. James Stroe, Andra Dawson, William Wittman, David Hoekstra, Henk Brueggen, Marcus Rottgering, Huub Sobral, David van Weeren, Reinout J. TI MC2: CONSTRAINING THE DARK MATTER DISTRIBUTION OF THE VIOLENT MERGING GALAXY CLUSTER CIZA J2242.8+5301 BY PIERCING THROUGH THE MILKY WAY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: weak ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; ACT-CL J0102-4915; RADIO TELESCOPE; EL GORDO; DISCOVERY; COSMOLOGY; MERGERS; CORE; SUBSTRUCTURE AB The galaxy cluster CIZA J2242.8+5301 at z = 0.19 is a merging system with a prominent (similar to 2Mpc long) radio relic, which together with the morphology of the X-ray emission provides strong evidence for a violent collision along the north-south axis. We present our constraints on the dark matter distribution of this unusual system using Subaru and Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope imaging data. Measuring a high signal-to-noise ratio lensing signal from this cluster is potentially a challenging task because of its proximity to the Milky Way plane (vertical bar b vertical bar similar to 5 degrees). We overcome this challenge with careful observation planning and systematics control, which enables us to successfully map the dark matter distribution of the cluster with high fidelity. The resulting mass map shows that the mass distribution of CIZA J2242.8+5301 is highly elongated along the north-south merger axis inferred from the orientation of the radio relics. Based on our mass reconstruction, we identify two sub-clusters, which coincide with the cluster galaxy distributions. We determine their masses using Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis by simultaneously fitting two Navarro-Frenk-White halos without fixing their centroids. The resulting masses of the northern and southern systems are M-200 = 11.0(-3.2)(+3.7) x 10(14)M(circle dot) and 9.8(-2.5)(+3.8) x 10(14)M(circle dot), respectively, indicating that we are witnessing a post-collision of two giant systems of nearly equal mass. When the mass and galaxy centroids are compared in detail, we detect similar to 1' (similar to 190 kpc) offsets in both northern and southern sub-clusters. After investigating the statistical significance of the offsets by bootstrapping both mass and galaxy centroids, we find that the galaxy luminosity-mass offset for the northern clump is statistically significant at the greater than or similar to 2 sigma level whereas the detection is only marginal for the southern sub-cluster in part because of a relatively large mass centroid error. We conclude that it is yet premature to uniquely attribute the galaxy-mass misalignment to self-interaction of dark matter and discuss caveats. C1 [Jee, M. James; Wittman, David] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stroe, Andra; Hoekstra, Henk; Rottgering, Huub; Sobral, David] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Dawson, William] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Brueggen, Marcus] Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Sobral, David] Univ Lisbon, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, OAL, PT-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal. [Sobral, David] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Astron & Astrofis, Observ Astron Lisboa, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal. [van Weeren, Reinout J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Jee, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Sobral, David/C-7919-2014; OI Sobral, David/0000-0001-8823-4845; Wittman, David/0000-0002-0813-5888; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NWO; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB 676]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific research (NWO) through a Veni fellowship; FCT through a FCT Investigator Starting Grant and Start-up Grant [IF/01154/2012/CP0189/CT0010]; FCT [PEst-OE/FIS/UI2751/2014]; NASA through the Einstein Postdoctoral awarded by the Chandra X-Ray Center [PF2-130104]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA [NAS8-03060]; [HST-GO-13343.01-A] FX We thank the Merging Cluster Collaboration for useful discussions and comments. M.J.J., D.W., and W.D. acknowledge support from HST-GO-13343.01-A. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. A.S. acknowledges financial support from NWO. M.B. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under SFB 676. D.S. acknowledges financial support from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific research (NWO) through a Veni fellowship, from FCT through a FCT Investigator Starting Grant and Start-up Grant (IF/01154/2012/CP0189/CT0010) and from FCT grant PEst-OE/FIS/UI2751/2014. R.W. is supported by NASA through the Einstein Postdoctoral grant number PF2-130104 awarded by the Chandra X-Ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 46 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/46 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700046 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Gezari, S Heinis, S Chornock, R Berger, E Rest, A Huber, ME Foley, RJ Narayan, G Marion, GH Scolnic, D Soderberg, A Lawrence, A Stubbs, CW Kirshner, RP Riess, AG Smartt, SJ Smith, K Wood-Vasey, WM Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Flewelling, H Kaiser, N Metcalfe, N Price, PA Tonry, JL Wainscoat, RJ AF Kumar, S. Gezari, S. Heinis, S. Chornock, R. Berger, E. Rest, A. Huber, M. E. Foley, R. J. Narayan, G. Marion, G. H. Scolnic, D. Soderberg, A. Lawrence, A. Stubbs, C. W. Kirshner, R. P. Riess, A. G. Smartt, S. J. Smith, K. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Flewelling, H. Kaiser, N. Metcalfe, N. Price, P. A. Tonry, J. L. Wainscoat, R. J. TI SELECTION OF BURST-LIKE TRANSIENTS AND STOCHASTIC VARIABLES USING MULTI-BAND IMAGE DIFFERENCING IN THE PAN-STARRS1 MEDIUM-DEEP SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; methods: statistical; supernovae: general; surveys; techniques: photometric ID IA SUPERNOVAE; AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION; TIDAL DISRUPTION; LIGHT CURVES; BLACK-HOLES; TIME; STARS; ERA; FLUCTUATIONS; VARIABILITY AB We present a novel method for the light-curve characterization of Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey (PS1 MDS) extragalactic sources into stochastic variables (SVs) and burst-like (BL) transients, using multi-band image-differencing time-series data. We select detections in difference images associated with galaxy hosts using a star/galaxy catalog extracted from the deep PS1 MDS stacked images, and adopt a maximum a posteriori formulation to model their difference-flux time-series in four Pan-STARRS1 photometric bands gP1, rP1, iP1, and zP1. We use three deterministic light-curve models to fit BL transients; a Gaussian, a Gamma distribution, and an analytic supernova (SN) model, and one stochastic light-curve model, the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, in order to fit variability that is characteristic of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We assess the quality of fit of the models band-wise and source-wise, using their estimated leave-out-one cross-validation likelihoods and corrected Akaike information criteria. We then apply a K-means clustering algorithm on these statistics, to determine the source classification in each band. The final source classification is derived as a combination of the individual filter classifications, resulting in two measures of classification quality, from the averages across the photometric filters of (1) the classifications determined from the closest K-means cluster centers, and (2) the square distances from the clustering centers in the K-means clustering spaces. For a verification set of AGNs and SNe, we show that SV and BL occupy distinct regions in the plane constituted by these measures. We use our clustering method to characterize 4361 extragalactic image difference detected sources, in the first 2.5 yr of the PS1 MDS, into 1529 BL, and 2262 SV, with a purity of 95.00% for AGNs, and 90.97% for SN based on our verification sets. We combine our light-curve classifications with their nuclear or off-nuclear host galaxy offsets, to define a robust photometric sample of 1233 AGNs and 812 SNe. With these two samples, we characterize their variability and host galaxy properties, and identify simple photometric priors that would enable their real-time identification in future wide-field synoptic surveys. C1 [Kumar, S.; Gezari, S.; Heinis, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 21224 USA. [Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Soderberg, A.; Stubbs, C. W.; Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rest, A.; Metcalfe, N.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Huber, M. E.; Narayan, G.; Marion, G. H.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Flewelling, H.; Kaiser, N.; Price, P. A.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R. J.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Lawrence, A.] Univ Edinburgh, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Scolnic, D.; Riess, A. G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Smartt, S. J.; Smith, K.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, Stadium Dr, College Pk, MD 21224 USA. OI Narayan, Gautham/0000-0001-6022-0484; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877] FX We thank the referee and the scientific editor for insightful comments and suggestions. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen'sUniversity Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, and the University of Maryland. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 27 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/27 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700027 ER PT J AU Li, GJ Naoz, S Holman, M Loeb, A AF Li, Gongjie Naoz, Smadar Holman, Matt Loeb, Abraham TI CHAOS IN THE TEST PARTICLE ECCENTRIC KOZAI-LIDOV MECHANISM (vol 791, 86, 2014) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Li, Gongjie; Holman, Matt; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Naoz, Smadar] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Div Astron & Astrophys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Li, GJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM gli@cfa.harvard.edu OI Li, Gongjie/0000-0001-8308-0808 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 71 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/71 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700071 ER PT J AU Zhang, HX Peng, EW Cote, P Liu, CZ Ferrarese, L Cuillandre, JC Caldwell, N Gwyn, SDJ Jordan, A Lancon, A Li, B Munoz, RP Puzia, TH Bekki, K Blakeslee, JP Boselli, A Drinkwater, MJ Duc, PA Durrell, P Emsellem, E Firth, P Sanchez-Janssen, R AF Zhang, Hong-Xin Peng, Eric W. Cote, Patrick Liu, Chengze Ferrarese, Laura Cuillandre, Jean-Charles Caldwell, Nelson Gwyn, Stephen D. J. Jordan, Andrees Lancon, Ariane Li, Biao Munoz, Roberto P. Puzia, Thomas H. Bekki, Kenji Blakeslee, John P. Boselli, Alessandro Drinkwater, Michael J. Duc, Pierre-Alain Durrell, Patrick Emsellem, Eric Firth, Peter Sanchez-Janssen, Ruben TI THE NEXT GENERATION VIRGO CLUSTER SURVEY. VI. THE KINEMATICS OF ULTRA-COMPACT DWARFS AND GLOBULAR CLUSTERS IN M87 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (Virgo); galaxies: dwarf; galaxies: elliptical and lenticular; cD; galaxies: halos; galaxies: star clusters: general; globular clusters: general ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; MASSIVE STAR-CLUSTERS; SURFACE BRIGHTNESS FLUCTUATIONS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; STELLAR-SYSTEMS; FORNAX CLUSTER; DARK-MATTER; ULTRACOMPACT DWARFS; WIDE-FIELD; MILKY-WAY AB The origin of ultra-compact dwarfs (UCDs; r(h) greater than or similar to 10 pc)-objects larger and more massive than typical globular clusters (GCs), but more compact than typical dwarf galaxies-has been hotly debated in the 15 years since their discovery. Even whether UCDs should be considered galactic in origin, or simply the most extreme star clusters, is not yet settled. We present the dynamical properties of 97 spectroscopically confirmed UCDs and 911 GCs associated with the central cD galaxy of the Virgo cluster, M87. Our UCDs, of which 89% have M-* greater than or similar to 2x10(6) M-circle dot and 92% are as blue as the classic blue GCs, nearly triple the confirmed sample of Virgo UCDs, providing by far the best opportunity for studying global dynamics of a UCD system. We found that (1) UCDs have a surface number density profile that is shallower than that of blue GCs in the inner similar to 70 kpc and as steep as that of red GCs at larger radii; (2) UCDs exhibit a significantly stronger rotation than GCs, and blue GCs seem to have a velocity field that is more consistent with that of the surrounding dwarf ellipticals than with that of UCDs; (3) UCDs have an orbital anisotropy profile that is tangentially biased at radii less than or similar to 40 kpc and radially biased farther out, whereas blue GCs become more tangentially biased at larger radii beyond similar to 40 kpc; (4) GCs with M-* greater than or similar to 2 x 10(6) M-circle dot have rotational properties indistinguishable from the less massive ones, suggesting that it is the size, instead of mass, that differentiates UCDs from GCs as kinematically distinct populations. We conclude that most UCDs in M87 are not consistent with being merely the most luminous and extended examples of otherwise normal GCs. The radially biased orbital structure of UCDs at large radii is in general agreement with the "tidally threshed dwarf galaxy" scenario. C1 [Zhang, Hong-Xin; Peng, Eric W.; Li, Biao] Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Hong-Xin; Peng, Eric W.; Li, Biao] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Hong-Xin] Chinese Acad Sci, South Amer Ctr Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Cote, Patrick; Ferrarese, Laura; Gwyn, Stephen D. J.; Blakeslee, John P.; Sanchez-Janssen, Ruben] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Astron & Astrophys Program, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Liu, Chengze] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Liu, Chengze] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Cuillandre, Jean-Charles] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Caldwell, Nelson] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jordan, Andrees; Munoz, Roberto P.; Puzia, Thomas H.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Munoz, Roberto P.] Univ Strasbourg, Observ Astronom Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7550, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. [Bekki, Kenji] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Boselli, Alessandro] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Drinkwater, Michael J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Duc, Pierre-Alain] CEA, CNRS, INSU, Lab AIM Paris Saclay,IRFU,SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Durrell, Patrick] Youngstown State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Youngstown, OH 44555 USA. [Emsellem, Eric] Univ Lyon 1, Observ Lyon, CRAL, F-69230 St Genis Laval, France. [Emsellem, Eric] CNRS, ENS, UMR 5574, Lyon, France. [Emsellem, Eric] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Peng, EW (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM hongxin@pku.edu.cn; peng@pku.edu.cn RI Drinkwater, Michael/A-2201-2008; Liu, Chengze/O-1034-2015; Zhang, Hong-Xin/C-6384-2017; OI Drinkwater, Michael/0000-0003-4867-0022; Liu, Chengze/0000-0002-4718-3428; Jordan, Andres/0000-0002-5389-3944; Blakeslee, John/0000-0002-5213-3548 FU China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [552101480582]; CAS-CONICYT Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11173003, 11203017, 11125313]; Strategic Priority Research Program, "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures," of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000105]; Sino-French LIA-Origin Joint Exchange Program; NSF; Canadian Space Agency FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments, which improved the paper. H.X.Z. acknowledges support from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under grant No. 552101480582. H.X.Z. also acknowledges support from CAS-CONICYT Postdoctoral Fellowship, administered by the Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy (CASSACA). E.W.P. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 11173003, and from the Strategic Priority Research Program, "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures," of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, grant No. XDB09000105. E.W.P. thanks the staff of the MMT and AAT observatories for their unfailingly professional support of the spectroscopic observations presented in this paper. C.L. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 11203017 and 11125313). This work is partly supported by the Sino-French LIA-Origin Joint Exchange Program. We also thank Ling Zhu for a very helpful discussion about the mass profile of M87.; This research used the facilities of the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre operated by the National Research Council of Canada with the support of the Canadian Space Agency. The authors further acknowledge use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the HyperLeda database (http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr).; Observations reported here were obtained at the MMT Observatory, a joint facility of the University of Arizona and the Smithsonian Institution. MMT telescope time was granted, in part, by NOAO, through the Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP). TSIP is funded by NSF. Data presented in this paper were obtained at the Anglo-Australian Telescope, which is operated by the Australian Astronomical Observatory. NR 142 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 AR 30 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/30 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE4XW UT WOS:000351834700030 ER PT J AU Bayliss, MB Sharon, K Johnson, T AF Bayliss, Matthew B. Sharon, Keren Johnson, Traci TI QUANTIFYING THE IMPACT OF COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETER UNCERTAINTIES ON STRONG-LENSING MODELS WITH AN EYE TOWARD THE FRONTIER FIELDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; cosmological parameters; galaxies: high-redshift; gravitational lensing: strong ID GALAXY CLUSTERS; SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTIES; MAGNIFICATION MAPS; MASS; CLASH; WEAK; RECONSTRUCTION; CONSTRAINTS; A2744 AB We test the effects of varying the cosmological parameter values used in the strong lens modeling process for the six Hubble Frontier Field (HFF) galaxy clusters. The standard procedure for generating high-fidelity strong lens models includes careful consideration of uncertainties in the output models that result from varying model parameters within the bounds of available data constraints. It is not, however, common practice to account for the effects of cosmological parameter value uncertainties. The convention is to instead use a single fiducial "concordance cosmology" and generate lens models assuming zero uncertainty in cosmological parameter values. We find that the magnification maps of the individual HFF clusters vary significantly when lens models are computed using different cosmological parameter values taken from recent literature constraints from space-and ground-based experiments. Specifically, the magnification maps have average variances across the best-fit models computed using different cosmologies that are comparable in magnitude to-and as much as 2.5X larger than-the model-fitting uncertainties in each best-fit model. We also find that estimates of the mass profiles of the cluster cores themselves vary only slightly when different input cosmological parameters are used. We conclude that cosmological parameter uncertainty is a non-negligible source of uncertainty in lens model products for the HFF clusters and that it is important that current and future work that relies on precision strong-lensing models take care to account for this additional source of uncertainty. C1 [Bayliss, Matthew B.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bayliss, Matthew B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sharon, Keren; Johnson, Traci] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Bayliss, MB (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mbayliss@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NAS 5-26555, HST-GO-13639.01]; NSF [AST-1009012] FX This work utilizes gravitational lensing models that were generated as a part of the HST Frontier Fields program conducted by STScI. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The lens models are hosted on the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). The authors thank the referee, Dan Coe, for his thoughtful and helpful feedback. M.B.B. acknowledges support from the NSF through grant AST-1009012 and from NASA through grant HST-GO-13639.01. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAR 20 PY 2015 VL 802 IS 1 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/802/1/L9 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE3PK UT WOS:000351739800009 ER PT J AU Turner, JL Beck, SC Benford, DJ Consiglio, SM Ho, PTP Kovacs, A Meier, DS Zhao, JH AF Turner, J. L. Beck, S. C. Benford, D. J. Consiglio, S. M. Ho, P. T. P. Kovacs, A. Meier, D. S. Zhao, J-H. TI Highly efficient star formation in NGC 5253 possibly from stream-fed accretion SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; GALAXY NGC-5253; DWARF GALAXIES; CENTRAL REGION; COLD STREAMS; GAS; CLUSTER; STARBURST; DUST; SPECTROSCOPY AB Gas clouds in present-day galaxies are inefficient at forming stars. Low star-formation efficiency is a critical parameter in galaxy evolution: it is why stars are still forming nearly 14 billion years after the Big Bang(1) and why star clusters generally do not survive their births, instead dispersing to form galactic disks or bulges'. Yet the existence of ancient massive bound star clusters (globular clusters) in the Milky Way suggests that efficiencies were higher when they formed ten billion years ago. A local dwarf galaxy, NGC 5253, has a young star cluster that provides an example of highly efficient star formation(3). Here we report the detection of the J = 3 -> 2 rotational transition of CO at the location of the massive cluster. The gas cloud is hot, dense, quiescent and extremely dusty. Its gas-to-dust ratio is lower than the Galactic value, which we attribute to dust enrichment by the embedded star cluster. Its star-formation efficiency exceeds 50 percent, tenfold that of clouds in the Milky Way. We suggest that high efficiency results from the force-feeding of star formation by a streamer of gas falling into the galaxy. C1 [Turner, J. L.; Consiglio, S. M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Beck, S. C.] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Ramat Aviv, Israel. [Benford, D. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observat Cosmol Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ho, P. T. P.] Acad Sinica, Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Kovacs, A.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Kovacs, A.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55405 USA. [Meier, D. S.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Phys, Socorro, NM USA. [Meier, D. S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM USA. [Zhao, J-H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Turner, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM turner@astro.ucla.edu RI Kovacs, Attila/C-1171-2010; Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012 OI Kovacs, Attila/0000-0001-8991-9088; Benford, Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206 FU Smithsonian Institution; Academica Sinica FX We thank J. Carpenter, S. Goodwin, M. Heyer, L. Hunt, R. Hurt, M. Jura, C. Lada, C. Leitherer and S. Van Dyk for assistance with the analysis. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academica Sinica. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 19 PY 2015 VL 519 IS 7543 BP 331 EP + DI 10.1038/nature14218 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD6AY UT WOS:000351171900036 PM 25788096 ER PT J AU Brienen, RJW Phillips, OL Feldpausch, TR Gloor, E Baker, TR Lloyd, J Lopez-Gonzalez, G Monteagudo-Mendoza, A Malhi, Y Lewis, SL Martinez, RV Alexiades, M Davila, EA Alvarez-Loayza, P Andrade, A Aragao, LEOC Araujo-Murakami, A Arets, EJMM Arroyo, L Aymard, GA Banki, OS Baraloto, C Barroso, J Bonal, D Boot, RGA Camargo, JLC Castilho, CV Chama, V Chao, KJ Chave, J Comiskey, JA Valverde, FC da Costa, L de Oliveira, EA Di Fiore, A Erwin, TL Fauset, S Forsthofer, M Galbraith, DR Grahame, ES Groot, N Herault, B Higuchi, N Coronado, ENH Keeling, H Killeen, TJ Laurance, WF Laurance, S Licona, J Magnussen, WE Marimon, BS Marimon, BH Mendoza, C Neill, DA Nogueira, EM Nunez, P Camacho, NCP Parada, A Pardo-Molina, G Peacock, J Pena-Claros, M Pickavance, GC Pitman, NCA Poorter, L Prieto, A Quesada, CA Ramirez, F Ramirez-Angulo, H Restrepo, Z Roopsind, A Rudas, A Salomao, RP Schwarz, M Silva, N Silva-Espejo, JE Silveira, M Stropp, J Talbot, J ter Steege, H Teran-Aguilar, J Terborgh, J Thomas-Caesar, R Toledo, M Torello-Raventos, M Umetsu, RK Van der Heijden, GMF Van der Hout, P Vieira, ICG Vieira, SA Vilanova, E Vos, VA Zagt, RJ AF Brienen, R. J. W. Phillips, O. L. Feldpausch, T. R. Gloor, E. Baker, T. R. Lloyd, J. Lopez-Gonzalez, G. Monteagudo-Mendoza, A. Malhi, Y. Lewis, S. L. Vasquez Martinez, R. Alexiades, M. Alvarez Davila, E. Alvarez-Loayza, P. Andrade, A. Aragao, L. E. O. C. Araujo-Murakami, A. Arets, E. J. M. M. Arroyo, L. Aymard C, G. A. Banki, O. S. Baraloto, C. Barroso, J. Bonal, D. Boot, R. G. A. Camargo, J. L. C. Castilho, C. V. Chama, V. Chao, K. J. Chave, J. Comiskey, J. A. Cornejo Valverde, F. da Costa, L. de Oliveira, E. A. Di Fiore, A. Erwin, T. L. Fauset, S. Forsthofer, M. Galbraith, D. R. Grahame, E. S. Groot, N. Herault, B. Higuchi, N. Coronado, E. N. Honorio Keeling, H. Killeen, T. J. Laurance, W. F. Laurance, S. Licona, J. Magnussen, W. E. Marimon, B. S. Marimon-Junior, B. H. Mendoza, C. Neill, D. A. Nogueira, E. M. Nunez, P. Pallqui Camacho, N. C. Parada, A. Pardo-Molina, G. Peacock, J. Pena-Claros, M. Pickavance, G. C. Pitman, N. C. A. Poorter, L. Prieto, A. Quesada, C. A. Ramirez, F. Ramirez-Angulo, H. Restrepo, Z. Roopsind, A. Rudas, A. Salomao, R. P. Schwarz, M. Silva, N. Silva-Espejo, J. E. Silveira, M. Stropp, J. Talbot, J. ter Steege, H. Teran-Aguilar, J. Terborgh, J. Thomas-Caesar, R. Toledo, M. Torello-Raventos, M. Umetsu, R. K. Van der Heijden, G. M. F. Van der Hout, P. Vieira, I. C. Guimaraes Vieira, S. A. Vilanova, E. Vos, V. A. Zagt, R. J. TI Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; EXPERIMENTAL DROUGHT; WOOD PRODUCTIVITY; TREE MORTALITY; TURNOVER RATES; SENSITIVITY; BIOMASS; GROWTH; PLOTS; CO2 AB Atmospheric carbon dioxide records indicate that the land surface has acted as a strong global carbon sink over recent decades(1,2), with a substantial fraction of this sink probably located in the tropics', particularly in the Amazon(4). Nevertheless, it is unclear how the terrestrial carbon sink will evolve as climate and atmospheric composition continue to change. Here we analyse the historical evolution of the biomass dynamics of the Amazon rainforest over three decades using a distributed network of 321 plots. While this analysis confirms that Amazon forests have acted as a long-term net biomass sink, we find a long-term decreasing trend of carbon accumulation. Rates of net increase in above-ground biomass declined by one-third during the past decade compared to the 1990s. This is a consequence of growth rate increases levelling off recently, while biomass mortality persistently increased throughout, leading to a shortening of carbon residence times. Potential drivers for the mortality increase include greater climate variability, and feedbacks of faster growth on mortality, resulting in shortened tree longevity(5). The observed decline of the Amazon sink diverges markedly from the recent increase in terrestrial carbon uptake at the global scale", and is contrary to expectations based on models(6). C1 [Brienen, R. J. W.; Phillips, O. L.; Feldpausch, T. R.; Gloor, E.; Baker, T. R.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Lewis, S. L.; Chao, K. J.; Fauset, S.; Galbraith, D. R.; Grahame, E. S.; Groot, N.; Coronado, E. N. Honorio; Keeling, H.; Peacock, J.; Pickavance, G. C.; Schwarz, M.; Talbot, J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Feldpausch, T. R.; Aragao, L. E. O. C.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [Lloyd, J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Life Sci, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Lloyd, J.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. [Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Vasquez Martinez, R.] Prolongac Bolognesi Mze, Jardin Bot Missouri, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru. [Malhi, Y.] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QK, England. [Lewis, S. L.] UCL, Dept Geog, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Alexiades, M.] Univ Kent, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, Canterbury CT1 3EH, Kent, England. [Alvarez Davila, E.; Restrepo, Z.] Jardin Bot Medellin, Serv Ecosistemicosy Cambio Climat, Medellin 050010, Colombia. [Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Pitman, N. C. A.; Terborgh, J.] Duke Univ, Ctr Trop Conservat, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Andrade, A.; Camargo, J. L. C.; Higuchi, N.] INPA, Biol Dynam Forest Fragment Project, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Andrade, A.; Camargo, J. L. C.; Higuchi, N.] STRI, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Aragao, L. E. O. C.] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, BR-12227010 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arroyo, L.; Parada, A.] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Museo Hist Nat Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Arets, E. J. M. M.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Alterra, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Aymard C, G. A.] Herbario Univ PORT, Programa Cienclas Agro & Mar, UNELLEZ Guanare, Mesa De Cavacas 3350, Estado Portugue, Venezuela. [Banki, O. S.] Univ Amsterdam, Biodiversiteit Ecosyst Dynam, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Baraloto, C.] INRA, UMR EcoFoG, F-97310 Kourou, French Guiana. [Baraloto, C.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Barroso, J.] Univ Fed Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil. [Bonal, D.] INRA, UMR Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestiere 1137, F-54280 Seichamps, France. [Boot, R. G. A.; Zagt, R. J.] Tropenbos Int, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, Netherlands. [Castilho, C. V.] Embrapa Roraima, BR-69301970 Bio Vista, RR, Brazil. [Chama, V.; Nunez, P.; Pallqui Camacho, N. C.; Silva-Espejo, J. E.] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Cuzco, Peru. [Chao, K. J.] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Int Master Program Agr, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Chave, J.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR Evolut & Divers Biol 5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Comiskey, J. A.] Natl Pk Serv, Northeast Reg Inventory & Monitoring Program, Fredericksburg, VA 22405 USA. [Cornejo Valverde, F.] Andes toAmazon Biodivers Program, Madre De Dios, Peru. [da Costa, L.] Fed Univ Para, Ctr Geociencias, BR-66017970 Belem, Para, Brazil. [de Oliveira, E. A.; Forsthofer, M.; Marimon, B. S.; Marimon-Junior, B. H.; Umetsu, R. K.] Univ Estado Mato Grosso, BR-78690000 Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil. [Di Fiore, A.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Anthropol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Erwin, T. L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Herault, B.] Cirad, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97310 Kourou, French Guiana. [Coronado, E. N. Honorio] Inst Invest Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru. [Killeen, T. J.] World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Laurance, W. F.; Laurance, S.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Laurance, W. F.; Laurance, S.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Environm Sci, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Licona, J.; Pena-Claros, M.; Toledo, M.] Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Santa Cruz 6201, Bolivia. [Magnussen, W. E.] Natl Inst Res Amazonia INPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Mendoza, C.] FOMABO, Manejo Forestal Tierras Trop Bolivia, Sacta, Bolivia. [Mendoza, C.] UMSS, Escuela Ciencias Forestales ESFOR, Sacta, Bolivia. [Neill, D. A.] Univ Estatal Amazon, Fac Ingn Ambiental, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador. [Nogueira, E. M.; Quesada, C. A.] Natl Inst Res Amazonia INPA, BR-69080971 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Pardo-Molina, G.; Vos, V. A.] Univ Autonoma Beni, Riberalta, Beni, Bolivia. [Pena-Claros, M.; Poorter, L.] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Pitman, N. C. A.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Prieto, A.; Ramirez, F.] Univ Nacl Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Loreto, Peru. [Ramirez-Angulo, H.; Vilanova, E.] Univ Los Andes, Inst Invest Desarrollo Forestal INDEFOR, Fac Cienclas Forestales & Ambientales, Merida 5101, Venezuela. [Roopsind, A.] Iwokrama Int Ctr Rainforest Conservat & Dev, Georgetown, Guyana. [Rudas, A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota 111321, Colombia. [Salomao, R. P.; Vieira, I. C. Guimaraes] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Silva, N.; Thomas-Caesar, R.] Univ Fed Rural Amazonia, BR-66077901 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Silveira, M.] Univ Fed Acre, Museu Univ, BR-69910900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil. [Stropp, J.] Commiss European Communities, DG Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21010 Ispra, Italy. [ter Steege, H.] Nat Biodivers Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [ter Steege, H.] Univ Utrecht, Ecol & Biodivers Grp, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands. [Teran-Aguilar, J.] Museo Hist Nat Alcide DOrbigny, Cochabamba, Bolivia. [Torello-Raventos, M.] James Cook Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. [Torello-Raventos, M.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci TESS, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Torello-Raventos, M.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Van der Heijden, G. M. F.] Northumbria Univ, Sch Geog, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England. [Van der Heijden, G. M. F.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. [Van der Heijden, G. M. F.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Van der Hout, P.] Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, NL-3078 HP Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Vieira, S. A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, NEPAM, BR-13083867 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Vos, V. A.] Ctr Invest & Promoc Campesinado, Reg Norte Amazon, Riberalta, Bolivia. RP Brienen, RJW (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM r.brienen@leeds.ac.uk RI Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014; Lloyd, Jonathan/F-8893-2010; Feldpausch, Ted/D-3436-2009; Vieira, Simone/H-1225-2011; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; icmol, icmol/I-5784-2015; Laurance, Susan/G-6021-2011; Honorio Coronado, Euridice/K-3412-2015; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; ter Steege, Amaz/B-5866-2011; Marimon Junior, Ben Hur/E-7330-2013; Marimon, Beatriz/J-6389-2012; Arets, Eric/C-1050-2008; OI Lloyd, Jonathan/0000-0002-5458-9960; Feldpausch, Ted/0000-0002-6631-7962; Vieira, Simone/0000-0002-0129-4181; Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933; Honorio Coronado, Euridice/0000-0003-2314-590X; ter Steege, Amaz/0000-0002-8738-2659; Arets, Eric/0000-0001-7209-9028; Vos, Vincent Antoine/0000-0002-0388-8530; Lewis, Simon/0000-0002-8066-6851; Pallqui Camacho, Nadir Carolina /0000-0003-4596-0905; Herault, Bruno/0000-0002-6950-7286 FU Natural Environment Research Council [NE/B503384/1, NE/D01025X/1, NE/I02982X/1, NE/F005806/1, NE/D005590/1, NE/I028122/1]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; EU Seventh Framework Programme [GEOCARBON-283080, AMAZALERT-282664]; NERC Research Fellowship [NE/I021160/1]; ERC Advanced Grant; Royal Society-Wolfson Research Merit Award; Investissement d'Avenir grants of the French ANR [CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-0025, TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041]; Conservation International; Missouri Botanical Garden; Smithsonian Institution; Wildlife Conservation Society FX The RAINFOR forest monitoring network has been supported principally by the Natural Environment Research Council (grants NE/B503384/1, NE/D01025X/1, NE/I02982X/1, NE/F005806/1, NE/D005590/1 and NE/I028122/1), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and by the EU Seventh Framework Programme (GEOCARBON-283080 and AMAZALERT-282664). R.J.W.B. is funded by NERC Research Fellowship NE/I021160/1. O.P. is supported by an ERC Advanced Grant and is a Royal Society-Wolfson Research Merit Award holder. Additional data were supported by Investissement d'Avenir grants of the French ANR (CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-0025; TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041), and contributed by the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring (TEAM) Network, funded by Conservation International, the Missouri Botanical Garden, the Smithsonian Institution, the Wildlife Conservation Society and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. This paper is 656 in the Technical Series of the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP-INPA/STRI). The field data summarized here involve vital contributions from many field assistants and rural communities in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru and Venezuela, most of whom have been specifically acknowledged elsewhere4. We additionally thank A. Alarcon, I. Amaral, P. P. Barbosa Camargo, I. F. Brown, L. Blanc, B. Burban, N. Cardozo, J. Engel, M. A. de Freitas, A. de Oliveira, T. S. Fredericksen, L. Ferreira, N. T. Hinojosa, E. Jimenez, E. Lenza, C. Mendoza, I. Mendoza Polo, A. Pena Cruz, M. C. Penuela, P. Petronelli, J. Singh, P. Maquirino, J. Serano, A. Sota,C. Oliveira dos Santos, J. Ybarnegaray and J. Ricardo for contributions. CNPq (Brazil), MCT (Brazil), Ministerio del Medio Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial (Colombia), Ministerio de Ambiente (Ecuador), the Forestry Commission (Guyana), INRENA (Peru), SERNANP (Peru), and Ministerio del Ambiente para el Poder Popular (Venezuela) granted research permissions. We thank our deceased colleagues and friends, A. H. Gentry, J. P. Veillon, S. Almeida and S. Patino for invaluable contributions to this work; their pioneering efforts to understand neotropical forests continue to inspire South American ecologists. NR 45 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 57 U2 334 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 19 PY 2015 VL 519 IS 7543 BP 344 EP + DI 10.1038/nature14283 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD6AY UT WOS:000351171900039 PM 25788097 ER PT J AU Borregaard, J Komar, P Kessler, EM Sorensen, AS Lukin, MD AF Borregaard, J. Komar, P. Kessler, E. M. Sorensen, A. S. Lukin, M. D. TI Heralded Quantum Gates with Integrated Error Detection in Optical Cavities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE TRAPPED ATOM; LINEAR OPTICS; COMPUTERS; NETWORK; COMMUNICATION; ENTANGLEMENT; DECOHERENCE; PHOTON AB We propose and analyze heralded quantum gates between qubits in optical cavities. They employ an auxiliary qubit to report if a successful gate occurred. In this manner, the errors, which would have corrupted a deterministic gate, are converted into a nonunity probability of success: once successful, the gate has a much higher fidelity than a similar deterministic gate. Specifically, we describe that a heralded, near-deterministic controlled phase gate (CZ gate) with the conditional error arbitrarily close to zero and the success probability that approaches unity as the cooperativity of the system, C, becomes large. Furthermore, we describe an extension to near-deterministic N-qubit Toffoli gate with a favorable error scaling. These gates can be directly employed in quantum repeater networks to facilitate near-ideal entanglement swapping, thus greatly speeding up the entanglement distribution. C1 [Borregaard, J.; Sorensen, A. S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Komar, P.; Kessler, E. M.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kessler, E. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Borregaard, J (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RI Sorensen, Anders/L-1868-2013 OI Sorensen, Anders/0000-0003-1337-9163 FU Lundbeck Foundation; NSF; CUA; DARPA; AFOSR MURI; ARL; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP) through SIQS [600645]; ERC Grant QIOS [306576] FX We thank Jeff Thompson for helpful discussions and gratefully acknowledge the support from the Lundbeck Foundation, NSF, CUA, DARPA, AFOSR MURI, and ARL. The research leading to these results has also received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2003) through SIQS (Grant No. 600645) and ERC Grant QIOS (Grant No. 306576). NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 11 AR 110502 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.110502 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CE0PU UT WOS:000351507400003 PM 25839248 ER PT J AU Zeder, MA AF Zeder, Melinda A. TI Core questions in domestication research SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE domestication; mutualism; genetic impacts; ecophenotypic impacts; niche-construction theory ID BROAD-SPECTRUM REVOLUTION; ANIMAL DOMESTICATION; NICHE CONSTRUCTION; GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS; AGRICULTURAL ORIGINS; PIG DOMESTICATION; FOOD-PRODUCTION; STARCH GRAINS; ANCIENT DNA; WILD BOAR AB The domestication of plants and animals is a key transition in human history, and its profound and continuing impacts are the focus of a broad range of transdisciplinary research spanning the physical, biological, and social sciences. Three central aspects of domestication that cut across and unify this diverse array of research perspectives are addressed here. Domestication is defined as a distinctive coevolutionary, mutualistic relationship between domesticator and domesticate and distinguished from related but ultimately different processes of resource management and agriculture. The relative utility of genetic, phenotypic, plastic, and contextual markers of evolving domesticatory relationships is discussed. Causal factors are considered, and two leading explanatory frameworks for initial domestication of plants and animals, one grounded in optimal foraging theory and the other in nicheconstruction theory, are compared. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Zeder, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM zederm@si.edu NR 95 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 24 U2 85 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 11 BP 3191 EP 3198 DI 10.1073/pnas.1501711112 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD4NM UT WOS:000351060000037 PM 25713127 ER PT J AU Forcina, G Guerrini, M van Grouw, H Gupta, BK Panayides, P Hadjigerou, P Al-Sheikhly, OF Awan, MN Khan, AA Zeder, MA Barbanera, F AF Forcina, Giovanni Guerrini, Monica van Grouw, Hein Gupta, Brij K. Panayides, Panicos Hadjigerou, Pantelis Al-Sheikhly, Omar F. Awan, Muhammad N. Khan, Aleem A. Zeder, Melinda A. Barbanera, Filippo TI Impacts of biological globalization in the Mediterranean: Unveiling the deep history of human-mediated gamebird dispersal SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE globalization; species dispersal; wildlife trade; Mediterranean; DNA ID CHUKAR ALECTORIS-CHUKAR; ANCIENT DNA; GALLIFORMES; POPULATIONS; CYPRUS; FRANCOLINUS AB Humans have a long history of moving wildlife that over time has resulted in unprecedented biotic homogenization. It is, as a result, often unclear whether certain taxa are native to a region or naturalized, and how the history of human involvement in species dispersal has shaped present-day biodiversity. Although currently an eastern Palaearctic galliform, the black francolin (Francolinus francolinus) was known to occur in the western Mediterranean from at least the time of Pliny the Elder, if not earlier. During Medieval times and the Renaissance, the black francolin was a courtly gamebird prized not only for its flavor, but also its curative, and even aphrodisiac qualities. There is uncertainty, however, whether this important gamebird was native or introduced to the region and, if the latter, what the source of introduction into the western Mediterranean was. Here we combine historical documentation with a DNA investigation of modern birds and archival (13th-20th century) specimens from across the species' current and historically documented range. Our study proves the black francolin was nonnative to the western Mediterranean, and we document its introduction from the east via several trade routes, some reaching as far as South Asia. This finding provides insight into the reach and scope of long-distance trade routes that serviced the demand of European aristocracy for exotic species as symbols of wealth and prestige, and helps to demonstrate the lasting impact of human-mediated long-distance species dispersal on current day biodiversity. C1 [Forcina, Giovanni; Guerrini, Monica; Barbanera, Filippo] Univ Pisa, Zool & Anthropol Unit, Dept Biol, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [van Grouw, Hein] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, Bird Grp, Tring HP23 6AP, Herts, England. [Gupta, Brij K.] Minist Environm Forests & Climate Change, Cent Zoo Author, New Delhi 110001, India. [Panayides, Panicos; Hadjigerou, Pantelis] Minist Interior, Game Fund Dept, CY-1453 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Al-Sheikhly, Omar F.] Univ Baghdad, Dept Biol, Baghdad 10071, Iraq. [Awan, Muhammad N.] Himalayan Nat Conservat Fdn, Conservat Dept, Muzaffarabad 13100, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. [Khan, Aleem A.] Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Div Zool, Inst Pure & Appl Biol, Multan 60800, Pakistan. [Zeder, Melinda A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Zeder, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM zederm@si.edu; filippo.barbanera@unipi.it RI Barbanera, Filippo/L-3109-2015 OI Barbanera, Filippo/0000-0003-4225-1919 FU Game Fund Department (Ministry of the Interior, Cyprus) FX We thank the curators of the ornithological collections, their collaborators, and related Museums: M. Adams, and K. van Grouw (The Natural History Museum, Bird Group, Department of Life Sciences, Tring); F. Barbagli (Natural History Museum, Zoological Section "La Specola", University of Florence); J. Bates, B. Marks and S. Hackett (Field Museum of Natural History, Bird Division, Chicago); P. Capainolo, P. Sweet, T. J. Trombone (American Museum of Natural History, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, New York); A. Cibois (Natural History Museum of Geneva, Department of Mammalogy and Ornithology); G. Lenglet (Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences); J. Hinshaw (Museum of Zoology, Bird Division, University of Michigan); C. Marangoni (Civic Museum of Zoology, Rome); G. Mayr (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Ornithological Section, Frankfurt); E. Palmisano and F. Lo Valvo (Regional Museum of Natural History, Terrasini, Palermo); R.O. Prum and K. Zyskowski (Peabody Museum of Natural History, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, Yale University); M. Reilly (The Hunterian, Zoology Section, University of Glasgow); S. Salmeri and R. Ientile (Civic Museum of Natural Sciences, Randazzo, Catania); M. Sara (Museum of Zoology "Pietro Doderlein", University of Palermo); M. Unsold (The Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Ornithological Section, Munich). For samples collected in the wild, we thank the people acknowledged in Forcina et al. (17) as well the authors of the latter that are not in the present paper. We thank F. Erra and F. Bartoli (University of Pisa) for their support in the DNA extraction from bones and reviewers Nicole Boivin and Greger Larson for their thoughtful comments. The Game Fund Department (Ministry of the Interior, Cyprus) funded this research. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 11 BP 3296 EP 3301 DI 10.1073/pnas.1500677112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD4NM UT WOS:000351060000055 PM 25733899 ER PT J AU Betts, MG Hadley, AS Kress, WJ AF Betts, Matthew G. Hadley, Adam S. Kress, W. John TI Pollinator recognition by a keystone tropical plant SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE coevolution; hummingbirds; pollinator networks; mutualism; specialization ID HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION; MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS; POLLEN-LIMITATION; COUNT DATA; EVOLUTION; ECOLOGY; HELICONIA; LIMITS; SPECIALIZATION; REPRODUCTION AB Understanding the mechanisms enabling coevolution in complex mutualistic networks remains a central challenge in evolutionary biology. We show for the first time, to our knowledge, that a tropical plant species has the capacity to discriminate among floral visitors, investing in reproduction differentially across the pollinator community. After we standardized pollen quality in 223 aviary experiments, successful pollination of Heliconia tortuosa (measured as pollen tube abundance) occurred frequently when plants were visited by long-distance traplining hummingbird species with specialized bills ((x) over bar pollen tubes = 1.21 +/- 0.12 SE) but was reduced 5.7 times when visited by straight-billed territorial birds (x pollen tubes = 0.20 +/- 0.074 SE) or insects. Our subsequent experiments revealed that plants use the nectar extraction capacity of tropical hummingbirds, a positive function of bill length, as a cue to turn on reproductively. Furthermore, we show that hummingbirds with long bills and high nectar extraction efficiency engaged in daily movements at broad spatial scales (similar to 1 km), but that territorial species moved only short distances (< 100 m). Such pollinator recognition may therefore affect mate selection and maximize receipt of high-quality pollen from multiple parents. Although a diffuse pollinator network is implied, because all six species of hummingbirds carry pollen of H. tortuosa, only two species with specialized bills contribute meaningfully to its reproduction. We hypothesize that this pollinator filtering behavior constitutes a crucial mechanism facilitating coevolution in multispecies plant-pollinator networks. However, pollinator recognition also greatly reduces the number of realized pollinators, thereby rendering mutualistic networks more vulnerable to environmental change. C1 [Betts, Matthew G.; Hadley, Adam S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Betts, MG (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM matt.betts@oregonstate.edu RI Hadley, Adam/G-8391-2012 OI Hadley, Adam/0000-0002-8344-3354 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1050954, DEB-1457837] FX C. Argo, A. C. Betts, A. M. Betts, and M. Betts, C. Birkett, K. DeWolfe, C. Dourhard, S. Frey, J. Greer, A. Jack, T. McFadden, K. O'Connell, M. Paniagua, and E. Sandi assisted with data collection. E. Jackson and N. Volpe provided a portion of the hummingbird movement data. We thank M. Harmon, D. Hibbs, F. Jones, U. Kormann, A. Moldenke, and L. Reid for comments on the manuscript and A. Muldoon for statistical advice. The manuscript benefitted from comments from J. Thomson, N. Waser, and an anonymous reviewer. We thank the staff of Las Cruces Biological Station for facilitating collection of field data. This work was funded by National Science Foundation Grants DEB-1050954 (to M.G.B. and W.J.K.) and DEB-1457837 (to M.G.B., A.S.H., and W.J.K.). NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 14 U2 92 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 17 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 11 BP 3433 EP 3438 DI 10.1073/pnas.1419522112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD4NM UT WOS:000351060000078 PM 25733902 ER PT J AU Zhang, JQ Meng, SY Wen, J Rao, GY AF Zhang, Jian-Qiang Meng, Shi-Yong Wen, Jun Rao, Guang-Yuan TI DNA Barcoding of Rhodiola (Crassulaceae): A Case Study on a Group of Recently Diversified Medicinal Plants from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LAND PLANTS; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; CHLOROPLAST DNA; TRNL-F; SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENY; IDENTIFY; MATK; ZINGIBERACEAE; LIKELIHOOD AB DNA barcoding, the identification of species using one or a few short standardized DNA sequences, is an important complement to traditional taxonomy. However, there are particular challenges for barcoding plants, especially for species with complex evolutionary histories. We herein evaluated the utility of five candidate sequences-rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, trnL-F and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) - for barcoding Rhodiola species, a group of high-altitude plants frequently used as adaptogens, hemostatics and tonics in traditional Tibetan medicine. Rhodiola was suggested to have diversified rapidly recently. The genus is thus a good model for testing DNA barcoding strategies for recently diversified medicinal plants. This study analyzed 189 accessions, representing 47 of the 55 recognized Rhodiola species in the Flora of China treatment. Based on intraspecific and interspecific divergence and degree of monophyly statistics, ITS was the best single-locus barcode, resolving 66% of the Rhodiola species. The core combination rbcL+matK resolved only 40.4% of them. Unsurprisingly, the combined use of all five loci provided the highest discrimination power, resolving 80.9% of the species. However, this is weaker than the discrimination power generally reported in barcoding studies of other plant taxa. The observed complications may be due to the recent diversification, incomplete lineage sorting and reticulate evolution of the genus. These processes are common features of numerous plant groups in the high-altitude regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. C1 [Zhang, Jian-Qiang; Meng, Shi-Yong; Rao, Guang-Yuan] Peking Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM wenj@si.edu; rao@pku.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31470313]; China Scholarship Council [201206010113] FX This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31470313). JQZ has been supported by a scholarship for exchanging Ph.D. candidates from the China Scholarship Council (No. 201206010113) for his studies at the Smithsonian Institution. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 16 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0119921 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0119921 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD6EY UT WOS:000351183500141 PM 25774915 ER PT J AU Beltran, RS Sadou, MC Condit, R Peterson, SH Reichmuth, C Costa, DP AF Beltran, Roxanne S. Sadou, Megan Connolly Condit, Richard Peterson, Sarah H. Reichmuth, Colleen Costa, Daniel P. TI Fine-scale whisker growth measurements can reveal temporal foraging patterns from stable isotope signatures SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Vibrissae; Whisker; Asymptotic growth rate; Stable isotope; Seal ID SOUTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS; DIET-TISSUE FRACTIONATION; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; MIROUNGA-LEONINA; MARINE PREDATOR; PHOCA-VITULINA; VIBRISSAE; ECOLOGY; RATIOS; CONSEQUENCES AB Stable isotope analysis of slow-growing, metabolically inert tissues is a common method for investigating foraging ecology in migratory animals, as direct observations of feeding are often not possible. Using tissue growth dynamics to interpret foraging timelines can maximize the utility of foraging data; however, applying inappropriate growth models is problematic, and high-resolution growth measurements are seldom made. We used photogrammetry to repeatedly measure the length of whiskers in 93 follicles over 670 d in a trained, captive northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris. We developed and optimized a follicle-specific growth model to describe the 18 000 whisker length measurements. Whiskers from the captive seal exhibited asymptotic growth that was described by the von Bertalanffy growth function. Applying the growth model to serially sampled whiskers from 4 free-ranging adult female northern elephant seals resulted in alignment of peaks in delta N-15 along the length of whiskers with the breeding haulout period, when seals are not feeding. Our study provides a high-resolution whisker growth model and is the first to use whisker growth dynamics to improve temporal interpretation of isotopic ratios. C1 [Beltran, Roxanne S.; Peterson, Sarah H.; Costa, Daniel P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Sadou, Megan Connolly; Reichmuth, Colleen] Inst Marine Sci, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Condit, Richard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. RP Beltran, RS (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM roxanne.beltran@gmail.com OI Peterson, Sarah/0000-0003-2773-3901 FU Friends of Long Marine Laboratory Student Research and Education Award; Dr. Earl H. Myers and Ethel M. Myers Oceanographic and Marine Biology Trust; Stevenson College Student Research Award; Office of Naval Research (ONR), Marine Mammals and Biological Oceanography program; ONR [N00014-08-1-1195] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the following institutions and individuals: M. Gaynor, A. Bernard, and members of the Pinniped Cognition and Sensory Systems Laboratory for their aid in data collection; P. Raimondi for help with statistical analysis; D. Andreasen, T. Lambert, and the UCSC Stable Isotope Laboratory for aid in isotopic analysis; L. Hucksladl, C.Goelsch K. Goetz, and other members of the Costa Lab for support with data and sample processing; T. Boudreaux, C. Ito and S. Walcott for aiding in photogrammetric analysis; P. Robinson and J. Burns for helpful discussions; Clairol for animal marking supplies; and the rangers and docents at Ano Nuevo State Park for facilitating and sharing our research. A portion of this work was performed at the University of California Natural Reserve System Ano Nuevo Reserve. The live animal use protocols for this research were reviewed and approved by the University of California Santa Cruz Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Research was conducted under National Marine Fisheries Service marine mammal research permits 932-1489, 14535, and 14636. Financial support for this research was provided in part by the Friends of Long Marine Laboratory Student Research and Education Award (to R.S.B.), Dr. Earl H. Myers and Ethel M. Myers Oceanographic and Marine Biology Trust (to R.S.B.), and Stevenson College Student Research Award (to R.S.B.). Captive animal work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), Marine Mammals and Biological Oceanography program (to C.R.). Field sampling was supported by ONR grant N00014-08-1-1195 (to D.P.C.). NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 24 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD MAR 16 PY 2015 VL 523 BP 243 EP 253 DI 10.3354/meps11176 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CD9XC UT WOS:000351452700019 ER PT J AU Yao, JL Kula, RR Chen, JH AF Yao, Junli Kula, Robert R. Chen, Jiahua TI A new species in the newly recorded genus Trachyusa (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) from China SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Asia; distribution; identification; key; parasitoid; taxonomy ID REVISION AB Trachyusa whartoni Yao sp. nov. from Dalian, Liaoning, China is described and illustrated. Trachyusa is a newly recorded genus in China. A key to the species of Trachyusa is provided based on the keys of Belokobylskij (1998), Papp (1967), and van Achterberg and O'Connor (1990). Type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Beneficial Insects Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China. C1 [Yao, Junli; Chen, Jiahua] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Beneficial Insects Inst, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Kula, Robert R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,ARS USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chen, JH (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Beneficial Insects Inst, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM yao.junli.china@gmail.com; Robert.Kula@ars.usda.gov; JhChen34@163.com FU Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program in Colleges and Universities [20113515110003] FX We express our gratitude to Dr. Robert A. Wharton (Texas A&M University, USA) for his kindness in offering valuable reference material and specimens of Trachyusa while the first author visited Texas A& M University. We thank Dr. Dicky Yu for providing many references. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This research was supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program in Colleges and Universities (2011) for the project Systemic Studies on Alysiinae of China (code: 20113515110003). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 16 PY 2015 VL 3931 IS 4 BP 579 EP 584 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CD5WH UT WOS:000351158800007 PM 25781847 ER PT J AU Scherer, JC AF Scherer, Joanna Cohan TI Short Nights of the Shadow Catcher: The Epic Life and Immortal Photographs of Edward Curtis SO VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Scherer, Joanna Cohan] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Scherer, JC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM schererj@si.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0894-9468 EI 1545-5920 J9 VIS ANTHROPOL JI Vis. Anthropol. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 28 IS 2 BP 183 EP 185 DI 10.1080/08949468.2014.950109 PG 3 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA DB9FH UT WOS:000368821300007 ER PT J AU Riley, SM AF Riley, Sheila M. TI Girl in the Moonlight SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Riley, Sheila M.] Smithsonian Inst Libs, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Riley, SM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst Libs, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 140 IS 5 BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA CE0IV UT WOS:000351488600059 ER PT J AU Newsom, HE Mangold, N Kah, LC Williams, JM Arvidson, RE Stein, N Ollila, AM Bridges, JC Schwenzer, SP King, PL Grant, JA Pinet, P Bridges, NT Calef, F Wiens, RC Spray, JG Vaniman, DT Elston, WE Berger, JA Garvin, JB Palucis, MC AF Newsom, Horton E. Mangold, Nicolas Kah, Linda C. Williams, Joshua M. Arvidson, Ray E. Stein, Nathan Ollila, Ann M. Bridges, John C. Schwenzer, Susanne P. King, Penelope L. Grant, John A. Pinet, Patrick Bridges, Nathan T. Calef, Fred, III Wiens, Roger C. Spray, John G. Vaniman, David T. Elston, Wolf E. Berger, Jeff A. Garvin, James B. Palucis, Marisa C. CA MSL Sci Team TI Gale crater and impact processes - Curiosity's first 364 Sols on Mars SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars, surface; Impact processes; Cratering ID CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; YAXCOPOIL-1 DRILL CORE; CLAY MINERAL FORMATION; VALLES MARINERIS; LANDING SITE; GUSEV CRATER; SCIENCE; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; CHICXULUB AB Impact processes at all scales have been involved in the formation and subsequent evolution of Gale crater. Small impact craters in the vicinity of the Curiosity MSL landing site and rover traverse during the 364 Sols after landing have been studied both from orbit and the surface. Evidence for the effect of impacts on basement outcrops may include loose blocks of sandstone and conglomerate, and disrupted (fractured) sedimentary layers, which are not obviously displaced by erosion. Impact ejecta blankets are likely to be present, but in the absence of distinct glass or impact melt phases are difficult to distinguish from sedimentary/volcaniclastic breccia and conglomerate deposits. The occurrence of individual blocks with diverse petrological characteristics, including igneous textures, have been identified across the surface of Bradbury Rise, and some of these blocks may represent distal ejecta from larger craters in the vicinity of Gale. Distal ejecta may also occur in the form of impact spherules identified in the sediments and drift material. Possible examples of impactites in the form of shatter cones, shocked rocks, and ropy textured fragments of materials that may have been molten have been observed, but cannot be uniquely confirmed. Modification by aeolian processes of craters smaller than 40 m in diameter observed in this study, are indicated by erosion of crater rims, and infill of craters with aeolian and airfall dust deposits. Estimates for resurfacing suggest that craters less than 15 m in diameter may represent steady state between production and destruction. The smallest candidate impact crater observed is 0.6 m in diameter. The observed crater record and other data are consistent with a resurfacing rate of the order of 10 mm/Myr; considerably greater than the rate from impact cratering alone, but remarkably lower than terrestrial erosion rates. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Newsom, Horton E.; Williams, Joshua M.; Ollila, Ann M.; Elston, Wolf E.] Inst Meteorit, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Mangold, Nicolas] Univ Nantes, CNRS, UMR 6112, LPGN, Nantes, France. [Kah, Linda C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Arvidson, Ray E.; Stein, Nathan] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Bridges, John C.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Space Res Ctr, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Schwenzer, Susanne P.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [King, Penelope L.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [King, Penelope L.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Grant, John A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Pinet, Patrick] Univ Toulouse 3, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Bridges, Nathan T.] Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Calef, Fred, III] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Wiens, Roger C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Spray, John G.] Univ New Brunswick, Planetary & Space Sci Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. [Vaniman, David T.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Berger, Jeff A.] Univ Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. [Garvin, James B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Palucis, Marisa C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Newsom, HE (reprint author), Inst Meteorit, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RI Gonzalez, Rafael/D-1748-2009; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/L-8001-2014; Bridges, Nathan/D-6341-2016; King, Penelope/A-1791-2011; Ramos, Miguel/K-2230-2014; OI Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/0000-0003-0461-9815; King, Penelope/0000-0002-8364-9168; Ramos, Miguel/0000-0003-3648-6818; Schwenzer, Susanne Petra/0000-0002-9608-0759 FU Mars Science Laboratory Mission (NASA/JPL); JPL FX We wish to thank the dedicated team of scientists, engineers and support personnel at JPL and the author's institutions for the creation and daily operation of the marvelous tool represented by the Curiosity rover and the orbital assets which provide context and communication for the MSL mission and science. Financial support provided by the Mars Science Laboratory Mission (NASA/JPL) and other institutional support. We also greatly appreciated the comments by several reviewers of this manuscript. NR 124 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 249 SI SI BP 108 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.10.013 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CA5SE UT WOS:000348967300008 ER PT J AU Abazajian, KN Arnold, K Austermann, J Benson, BA Bischoff, C Bock, J Bond, JR Borrill, J Calabrese, E Carlstrom, JE Carvalho, CS Chang, CL Chiang, HC Church, S Cooray, A 'Crawford, TM Dawson, KS Das, S Devlin, MJ Dobbs, M Dodelson, S Dore, O Dunkley, J Errard, J Fraisse, A Gallicchio, J Halverson, NW Hanany, S Hildebrandt, SR Hincks, A Hlozek, R Holder, G Holzapfel, WL Honscheid, K Hu, W Hubmayr, J Irwin, K Jones, WC Kamionkowski, M Keating, B Keisler, R Knox, L Komatsu, E Kovac, J Kuo, CL Lawrence, C Lee, AT Leitch, E Linder, E Lubin, P McMahon, J Miller, A Newburgh, L Niemack, MD Nguyen, H Nguyen, HT Page, L Pryke, C Reichardt, CL Ruhl, JE Sehgal, N Seljak, U Sievers, J Silverstein, E Slosar, A Smith, KM Spergel, D Staggs, ST Stark, A Stompor, R Vieregg, AG Wang, G Watson, S Wollack, EJ Wu, WLK Yoon, KW Zahn, O AF Abazajian, K. N. Arnold, K. Austermann, J. Benson, B. A. Bischoff, C. Bock, J. Bond, J. R. Borrill, J. Calabrese, E. Carlstrom, J. E. Carvalho, C. S. Chang, C. L. Chiang, H. C. Church, S. Cooray, A. 'Crawford, T. M. Dawson, K. S. Das, S. Devlin, M. J. Dobbs, M. Dodelson, S. Dore, O. Dunkley, J. Errard, J. Fraisse, A. Gallicchio, J. Halverson, N. W. Hanany, S. Hildebrandt, S. R. Hincks, A. Hlozek, R. Holder, G. Holzapfel, W. L. Honscheid, K. Hu, W. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K. Jones, W. C. Kamionkowski, M. Keating, B. Keisler, R. Knox, L. Komatsu, E. Kovac, J. Kuo, C. -L. Lawrence, C. Lee, A. T. Leitch, E. Linder, E. Lubin, P. McMahon, J. Miller, A. Newburgh, L. Niemack, M. D. Nguyen, H. Nguyen, H. T. Page, L. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C. L. Ruhl, J. E. Sehgal, N. Seljak, U. Sievers, J. Silverstein, E. Slosar, A. Smith, K. M. Spergel, D. Staggs, S. T. Stark, A. Stompor, R. Vieregg, A. G. Wang, G. Watson, S. Wollack, E. J. Wu, W. L. K. Yoon, K. W. Zahn, O. TI Neutrino physics from the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Neutrinos; Cosmology; Cosmic microwave background; Large scale structure ID OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; POWER-SPECTRUM; SDSS-III; COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; WEIGHING NEUTRINOS; GALAXIES; TELESCOPE; SYSTEMATICS; MATTER AB This is a report on the status and prospects of the quantification of neutrino properties through the cosmological neutrino background for the Cosmic Frontier of the Division of Particles and Fields Community Summer Study long-term planning exercise. Experiments planned and underway are prepared to study the cosmological neutrino background in detail via its influence on distance-redshift relations and the growth of structure. The program for the next decade described in this document, including upcoming spectroscopic galaxy surveys eBOSS and DESI and a new Stage-IV CMB polarization experiment CMB-S4, will achieve sigma(sigma m(v)) = 16 meV and sigma(N-eff)= 0.020. Such a mass measurement will produce a high significance detection of non-zero sigma m(v), whose lower bound derived from atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillation data is about 58 meV. If neutrinos have a minimal normal mass hierarchy, this measurement will definitively rule out the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy, shedding light on one of the most puzzling aspects of the Standard Model of particle physics - the origin of mass. This precise a measurement of N-eff will allow for high sensitivity to any light and dark degrees of freedom produced in the big bang and a precision test of the standard cosmological model prediction that N-eff = 3.046. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Abazajian, K. N.; Cooray, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Arnold, K.; Keating, B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Austermann, J.; Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; 'Crawford, T. M.; Gallicchio, J.; Hu, W.; Keisler, R.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bischoff, C.; Kovac, J.; Stark, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bock, J.; Hildebrandt, S. R.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bond, J. R.; Sievers, J.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Borrill, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Calabrese, E.; Dunkley, J.] Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Carvalho, C. S.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Astron & Astrofis, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal. [Chiang, H. C.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. [Church, S.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Dawson, K. S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Das, S.; Wang, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Dept High Energy Phys, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Devlin, M. J.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Dobbs, M.; Holder, G.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Dodelson, S.; Nguyen, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Fermilab Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Dore, O.; Lawrence, C.; Nguyen, H. T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Errard, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fraisse, A.; Jones, W. C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Hanany, S.; Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hincks, A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Hlozek, R.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.; Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Honscheid, K.; Reichardt, C. L.; Seljak, U.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hubmayr, J.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Irwin, K.; Kuo, C. -L.; Silverstein, E.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kamionkowski, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Knox, L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Komatsu, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Leitch, E.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Linder, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lubin, P.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Miller, A.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Newburgh, L.; Page, L.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Niemack, M. D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ruhl, J. E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sehgal, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Slosar, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11375 USA. [Smith, K. M.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Spergel, D.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Stompor, R.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Irfu, Observ Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite,APC,CNRS IN2P3, F-75205 Paris, France. [Watson, S.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Abazajian, KN (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM kevork@uci.edu; arnold@ucsd.edu; jason.austermann@colorado.edu; bbenson@kicp.uchicago.edu; cbischoff@cfa.harvard.edu; jjb@astro.caltech.edu; bond@cita.utoronto.edu; jdborrill@lbl.gov; erminia.calabrese@astro.ox.ac.uk; jc@kicp.uchicago.edu; cscarvalho@oal.ul.pt; clchang@kicp.uchicago.edu; cynthia@physicschick.com; schurch@stanford.edu; acooray@uci.edu; tcrawfor@kicp.uchicago.edu; kdawson@astro.utah.edu; sudeepphys@gmail.com; devlin@physics.upenn.edu; Matt.Dobbs@McGill.ca; dodelson@fnal.gov; Olivier.P.Dore@jpl.nasa.gov; j.dunkley@physics.ox.ac.uk; josquin.errard@gmail.com; afraisse@princeton.edu; gallicchio@uchicago.edu; Nils.Halverson@colorado.edu; hanany@physics.umn.edu; srh@caltech.edu; ahincks@phas.ubc.ca; rhlozek@princeton.edu; gil.holder@gmail.com; swlh@cosmology.berkeley.edu; kh@physics.osu.edu; whu@kicp.uchicago.edu; hubmayr@nist.gov; kent.irwin@nist.gov; wcjones@princeton.edu; kamion@phajhu.edu; bkeating@ucsd.edu; rkeisler@gmail.com; Ilmox@ucdavis.edu; komatsu@MPA-Garching.MPG.DE; jmkovac@cfa.harvard.edu; clkuo@stanford.edu; charles.r.lawrence@jpl.nasa.gov; adrian.lee@berkeley.edu; eml@astro.caltech.edu; evlinder@lbl.gov; lubin@cfi.deepspace.ucsb.edu; jeffmcm@umich.edu; amber@phys.columbia.edu; newburgh@princeton.edu; niemack@cornell.edu; hogann@fnal.gov; hien.t.nguyen@jpl.nasa.gov; page@princeton.edu; pryke@physics.umn.edu; cr@berkeley.edu; ruhl@case.edu; neelima.sehgal@stonybrook.edu; useljak@berkeley.edu; sievers@cita.utoronto.ca; evas@stanford.edu; anze@bnl.gov; kmsmith@perimeterinstitute.ca; dns@astro.princeton.edu; staggs@princeton.edu; aas@cfa.harvard.edu; radek@apc.univ-paris-diderot.fr; avieregg@kicp.uchicago.edu; gwang@anl.gov; gswatson@syr.edu; edward.j.wollack@nasa.gov; wIwu@stanford.edu; kiwon@stanford.edu; zahn@berkeley.edu RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; OI Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996; Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Kamionkowski, Marc/0000-0001-7018-2055; Sievers, Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074; Carvalho, C. Sofia/0000-0002-7241-9797 NR 99 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 7 U2 87 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 63 SI SI BP 66 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.05.014 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AT3GR UT WOS:000344824400006 ER PT J AU Kim, AG Padmanabhan, N Aldering, G Allen, SW Baltay, C Cahn, RN D'Andrea, CB Dalai, N Dawson, KS Denney, KD Eisenstein, DJ Finley, DA Freedman, WL Ho, S Holz, DE Kasen, D Kent, SM Kessler, R Kuhlmann, S Linder, EV Martini, P Nugent, PE Perlmutter, S Peterson, BM Riess, AG Rubin, D Sako, M Suntzeff, NV Suzuki, N Thomas, RC Wood-Vasey, WM Woosley, SE AF Kim, A. G. Padmanabhan, N. Aldering, G. Allen, S. W. Baltay, C. Cahn, R. N. D'Andrea, C. B. Dalai, N. Dawson, K. S. Denney, K. D. Eisenstein, D. J. Finley, D. A. Freedman, W. L. Ho, S. Holz, D. E. Kasen, D. Kent, S. M. Kessler, R. Kuhlmann, S. Linder, E. V. Martini, P. Nugent, P. E. Perlmutter, S. Peterson, B. M. Riess, A. G. Rubin, D. Sako, M. Suntzeff, N. V. Suzuki, N. Thomas, R. C. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Woosley, S. E. TI Distance probes of dark energy SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cosmology; Distance scale; Dark energy ID BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; MEASURING COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; NEAR-INFRARED WAVELENGTHS; SUPERNOVA LEGACY SURVEY; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; WAVE STANDARD SIRENS AB This document presents the results from the Distances subgroup of the Cosmic Frontier Community Planning Study (Snowmass 2013). We summarize the current state of the field as well as future prospects and challenges. In addition to the established probes using Type Ia supernovae and baryon acoustic oscillations, we also consider prospective methods based on clusters, active galactic nuclei, gravitational wave sirens and strong lensing time delays. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, A. G.; Aldering, G.; Cahn, R. N.; Linder, E. V.; Perlmutter, S.; Rubin, D.; Suzuki, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Padmanabhan, N.; Baltay, C.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Allen, S. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Allen, S. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [D'Andrea, C. B.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Dalai, N.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dawson, K. S.; Suzuki, N.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Denney, K. D.; Martini, P.; Peterson, B. M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Denney, K. D.; Martini, P.; Peterson, B. M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Eisenstein, D. J.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Finley, D. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Particle Phys Div, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Freedman, W. L.] Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Ho, S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Holz, D. E.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Holz, D. E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kasen, D.; Perlmutter, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kasen, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kent, S. M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Div Comp Sci, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Kessler, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kuhlmann, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Linder, E. V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Martini, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Riess, A. G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Sako, M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Suntzeff, N. V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr P, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Woosley, S. E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Kim, AG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM agkim@lbl.gov FU United States Department of Energy [De-AC02-07CH11359]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [AST-1008882, AST-1302093]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-765F00515]; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through NSF [PHY-1125897]; DOE HEP Program [DOE-HEPDE-SC00010676]; Kavli Foundation; National Science Foundation CAREER [PHY-1151836] FX FNAL is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. LBNL is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. OSU acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation under the grant AST-1008882.; SWA was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-765F00515. KDD acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation under Award No. AST-1302093. DEH acknowledges support from National Science Foundation CAREER grant PHY-1151836, and support in part by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through NSF grant PHY-1125897 and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder Fred Kavli. DK and SEW would like to thank the DOE HEP Program for support through grant DOE-HEPDE-SC00010676. NR 191 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 EI 1873-2852 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 2015 VL 63 SI SI BP 2 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.05.007 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AT3GR UT WOS:000344824400002 ER PT J AU Lim, HC Chu, CC Seufferheld, MJ Cameron, SA AF Lim, Haw Chuan Chu, Chia-Ching Seufferheld, Manfredo J. Cameron, Sydney A. TI Deep Sequencing and Ecological Characterization of Gut Microbial Communities of Diverse Bumble Bee Species SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTERGENIC SPACER ANALYSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA SEQUENCES; WESTERN HONEY-BEE; APIS-MELLIFERA; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; INVASIVE BUMBLEBEE; GEN. NOV.; PARASITE; BOMBUS; HYMENOPTERA AB Gut bacterial communities of bumble bees are correlated with defense against pathogens. Further understanding this host-microbe association is vitally important as bumble bees are currently experiencing global population declines, potentially due in part to emergent diseases. In this study, we used pyrosequencing and community fingerprinting (ARISA) to characterize the gut microbial communities of nine bumble species from across the Bombus phylogeny. Overall, we delimited 74 bacterial taxa (operational taxonomic units or OTUs) belonging to Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, Actinobacteria, Flavobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria. Each bacterial community was taxonomically simple, containing an average of 1.9 common (relative abundance per sample > 5%) bacterial OTUs. The most abundant and prevalent (occurring in 92% of the samples) bacterial OTU, based on 16S rRNA sequences, closely matched that of the previously described Betaproteobacteria species Snodgrassella alvi. Bacteria that were first described in bee-related external environments dominated a number of gut bacterial communities, suggesting that they are not strictly dependent on the internal gut environment. The ARISA data showed a correlation between bacterial community structures and the geographic locations where the bees were sampled, suggesting that at least a subset of the bacterial species may be transmitted environmentally. Using light and fluorescent microscopy, we demonstrated that the gut bacteria form a biofilm on the internal epithelial surface of the ileum, corroborating results obtained from Apis mellifera. C1 [Lim, Haw Chuan; Seufferheld, Manfredo J.; Cameron, Sydney A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chu, Chia-Ching] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lim, HC (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM limhc@si.edu; mseufferheld@gmail.com; scameron@life.illinois.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant [2010-65104-05992]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant grant [2009-35505-06012] FX The work was supported by a U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant (#2010-65104-05992) to SAC and by a U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant grant (#2009-35505-06012) to MJS. Both grants supported the expenses for pyrosequencing, DNA fingerprinting, and materials/reagents used in this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 13 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0118566 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0118566 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD7NO UT WOS:000351277500030 PM 25768110 ER PT J AU Bindi, L Yao, N Lin, C Hollister, LS Andronicos, CL Distler, VV Eddy, MP Kostin, A Kryachko, V MacPherson, GJ Steinhardt, WM Yudovskaya, M Steinhardt, PJ AF Bindi, Luca Yao, Nan Lin, Chaney Hollister, Lincoln S. Andronicos, Christopher L. Distler, Vadim V. Eddy, Michael P. Kostin, Alexander Kryachko, Valery MacPherson, Glenn J. Steinhardt, William M. Yudovskaya, Marina Steinhardt, Paul J. TI Natural quasicrystal with decagonal symmetry SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID AL-NI-FE; TRANSLATIONAL SYMMETRY; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ALLOYS; SYSTEM; PHASE AB We report the first occurrence of a natural quasicrystal with decagonal symmetry. The quasicrystal, with composition Al71Ni24Fe5, was discovered in the Khatyrka meteorite, a recently described CV3 carbonaceous chondrite. Icosahedrite, Al63Cu24Fe13, the first natural quasicrystal to be identified, was found in the same meteorite. The new quasicrystal was found associated with steinhardtite (Al38Ni32Fe30), Fe-poor steinhardtite (Al50Ni40Fe10), Al-bearing trevorite (NiFe2O4) and Al-bearing taenite (FeNi). Laboratory studies of decagonal Al71Ni24Fe5 have shown that it is stable over a narrow range of temperatures, 1120 K to 1200 K at standard pressure, providing support for our earlier conclusion that the Khatyrka meteorite reached heterogeneous high temperatures [1100 < T(K) <= 1500] and then rapidly cooled after being heated during an impact-induced shock that occurred in outer space 4.5 Gya. The occurrences of metallic Al alloyed with Cu, Ni, and Fe raises new questions regarding conditions that can be achieved in the early solar nebula. C1 [Bindi, Luca] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Bindi, Luca] Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lin, Chaney; Steinhardt, Paul J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Hollister, Lincoln S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Andronicos, Christopher L.] Purdue Univ, Div Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Distler, Vadim V.; Yudovskaya, Marina] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol Ore Deposits Petrog Mineral & Geochem I, Moscow 119017, Russia. [Eddy, Michael P.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kostin, Alexander] BHP Billiton, Geosci Technol, Houston, TX 77056 USA. [MacPherson, Glenn J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Steinhardt, William M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Steinhardt, Paul J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Ctr Theoret Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Steinhardt, PJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM steinh@princeton.edu RI Yudovskaya, Marina/K-3980-2013 FU National Science Foundation-MRSEC program through New York University [DMR-0820341]; National Science Foundation-MRSEC program through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials [DMR-0819860]; NASA [NNX11AD43G] FX We thank A.-P. Tsai for advice on synthetic decagonal phases. L.B. thanks 'MEMA', Centro di Microscopia Elettronica e Microanalisi, Florence, Italy and 'CRIST', Centro di Cristallografia Strutturale, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation-MRSEC program through New York University (DMR-0820341; P.J.S.), through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials (DMR-0819860; N.Y.), and NASA grant NNX11AD43G (G.J.M.). We are grateful to the anonymous donor who supported the expedition to Chukotka through a grant to Princeton University (P.J.S., Principal Investigator). NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAR 13 PY 2015 VL 5 AR 9111 DI 10.1038/srep09111 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD5UZ UT WOS:000351155000001 PM 25765857 ER PT J AU Yamato, M Pyenson, ND AF Yamato, Maya Pyenson, Nicholas D. TI Early Development and Orientation of the Acoustic Funnel Provides Insight into the Evolution of Sound Reception Pathways in Cetaceans SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ESCHRICHTIUS-ROBUSTUS; BALAENOPTERA-MUSCULUS; STENELLA-ATTENUATA; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; POSTNATAL-GROWTH; MIDDLE EOCENE; FETAL GROWTH; BLUE WHALE; ANATOMY; MAMMALIA AB Whales receive underwater sounds through a fundamentally different mechanism than their close terrestrial relatives. Instead of hearing through the ear canal, cetaceans hear through specialized fatty tissues leading to an evolutionarily novel feature: an acoustic funnel located anterior to the tympanic aperture. We traced the ontogenetic development of this feature in 56 fetal specimens from 10 different families of toothed (odontocete) and baleen (mysticete) whales, using X-ray computed tomography. We also charted ear ossification patterns through ontogeny to understand the impact of heterochronic developmental processes. We determined that the acoustic funnel arises from a prominent V-shaped structure established early in ontogeny, formed by the malleus and the goniale. In odontocetes, this V-formation develops into a cone-shaped funnel facing anteriorly, directly into intramandibular acoustic fats, which is likely functionally linked to the anterior orientation of sound reception in echolocation. In contrast, the acoustic funnel in balaenopterids rotates laterally, later in fetal development, consistent with a lateral sound reception pathway. Balaenids and several fossil mysticetes retain a somewhat anteriorly oriented acoustic funnel in the mature condition, indicating that a lateral sound reception pathway in balaenopterids may be a recent evolutionary innovation linked to specialized feeding modes, such as lunge-feeding. C1 [Yamato, Maya] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Yamato, Maya; Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mammal, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Palaeontol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Yamato, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM yamatom@si.edu FU NMNH Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship; NMNH Remington Kellogg Fund FX Support for this work came from a NMNH Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship to MY, and the NMNH Remington Kellogg Fund to NDP (http://www.mnh.si.edu/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 39 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 11 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0118582 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0118582 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD7MQ UT WOS:000351275000030 PM 25760328 ER PT J AU Sparre, M Hayward, CC Springel, V Vogelsberger, M Genel, S Torrey, P Nelson, D Sijacki, D Hernquist, L AF Sparre, Martin Hayward, Christopher C. Springel, Volker Vogelsberger, Mark Genel, Shy Torrey, Paul Nelson, Dylan Sijacki, Debora Hernquist, Lars TI The star formation main sequence and stellar mass assembly of galaxies in the Illustris simulation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: starburst; galaxies: star formation; cosmology: theory ID MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; INFRARED LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; DARK-MATTER HALOES; FORMATION HISTORY; FORMING GALAXIES; FORMATION RATES; SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES AB Understanding the physical processes that drive star formation is a key challenge for galaxy formation models. In this paper, we study the tight correlation between the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass of galaxies at a given redshift, how halo growth influences star formation, and star formation histories of individual galaxies. We study these topics using Illustris, a state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulation of galaxy formation. Illustris reproduces the observed relation (the star formation main sequence, SFMS) between SFR and stellar mass at redshifts z = 0 and 4, but at intermediate redshifts of z similar or equal to 1-2, the simulated SFMS has a significantly lower normalization than reported by observations. The scatter in the relation is consistent with the observed scatter. However, the fraction of outliers above the SFR-stellar mass relation in Illustris is less than that observed. Galaxies with halo masses of similar to 10(12) M-circle dot dominate the SFR density of the Universe, in agreement with the results of abundance matching. Furthermore, more-massive galaxies tend to form the bulk of their stars at high redshift, which indicates that 'downsizing' occurs in Illustris. We also studied the star formation histories of individual galaxies, including the use of a principal component analysis decomposition. We find that for fixed stellar mass, galaxies that form earlier have more-massive black holes at z = 0, indicating that star formation and black hole growth are tightly linked processes in Illustris. While many of the properties of normal star-forming galaxies are well reproduced in the Illustris simulation, forming a realistic population of starbursts will likely require higher resolution and probably a more sophisticated treatment of star formation and feedback from stars and black holes. C1 [Sparre, Martin] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hayward, Christopher C.; Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hayward, Christopher C.; Springel, Volker] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rech Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Vogelsberger, Mark; Torrey, Paul] MIT, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Genel, Shy; Torrey, Paul; Nelson, Dylan; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sijacki, Debora] Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. RP Sparre, M (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM sparre@dark-cosmology.dk RI Hayward, Christopher/I-4756-2012; OI Hayward, Christopher/0000-0003-4073-3236; Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786; Sparre, Martin/0000-0002-9735-3851 FU Danish National Research Foundation; Klaus Tschira Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; European Research Council [ERC-StG EXAGAL-308037] FX We thank Sune Toft, Peter Behroozi, Nicholas Lee and David Sanders for useful discussions. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. CCH is grateful to the Klaus Tschira Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for financial support. VS acknowledges support by the European Research Council under ERC-StG EXAGAL-308037. NR 120 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 11 PY 2015 VL 447 IS 4 BP 3548 EP 3563 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2713 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TR UT WOS:000350273400045 ER PT J AU Reiter, M Marengo, M Hora, JL Fazio, GG AF Reiter, Megan Marengo, Massimo Hora, Joseph L. Fazio, Giovanni G. TI A Spitzer/IRAC characterization of Galactic AGB and RSG stars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: carbon; stars: mass loss; infrared: stars ID ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH; MASS-LOSS RATES; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; PERIOD-LUMINOSITY RELATIONS; CENTRAL SQUARE KILOPARSEC; M33 MONITORING PROJECT; CARBON STARS; INFRARED PHOTOMETRY; RED SUPERGIANTS; LOW METALLICITY AB We present new Spitzer/InfraRed Array Camera (IRAC) observations of 55 dusty long-period variables (48 asymptotic giant branch, AGB, and 6 red supergiant stars) in the Galaxy that have different chemistry, variability type, and mass-loss rate. O-rich AGB stars (including intrinsic S-type) tend to have redder [3.6]-[8.0] colours than carbon stars for a given [3.6]-[4.5] colour due to silicate features increasing the flux in the 8.0-mu m IRAC band. For colours including the 5.8 mu m band, carbon stars separate into two distinct sequences, likely due to a variable photospheric C-3 feature that is only visible in relatively unobscured, low mass-loss rate sources. Semiregular variables tend to have smaller infrared (IR) excess in [3.6]-[8.0] colour than Miras, consistent with the hypothesis that semiregular variables lose mass discontinuously. Miras have redder colours for longer periods while semiregular variables do not. Galactic AGB stars follow the period-luminosity sequences found for the Magellanic Clouds. Mira variables fall along the fundamental pulsation sequence, while semiregular variables are mostly on overtone sequences. We also derive a relationship between mass-loss rate and [3.6]-[8.0] colour. The fits are similar in shape to those found by other authors for AGBs in the Large Magellanic Cloud, but discrepant in overall normalization, likely due to different assumptions in the models used to derive mass-loss rates. We find that IR colours are not unique discriminators of chemical type, suggesting caution when using colour selection techniques to infer the chemical composition of AGB dust returned to the interstellar medium. C1 [Reiter, Megan] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Marengo, Massimo] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hora, Joseph L.; Fazio, Giovanni G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Reiter, M (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM mreiter@as.arizona.edu FU NASA [1407]; NASA; National Science Foundation FX We thank the referee, Jacco van Loon, for a thoughtful review and suggestions that improved the quality of the manuscript. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under NASA contract 1407. This research has made use of the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. This work is also supported by the National Science Foundation's Research Experience for Undergraduates programme MR wishes to thank the REU coordinators Saku Vrtilek, Christine Jones, Melissa Cirtain, and Jonathan McDowell for all their guidance and support. NR 94 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD MAR 11 PY 2015 VL 447 IS 4 BP 3909 EP 3923 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2725 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC3TR UT WOS:000350273400074 ER PT J AU Miranda, V Hu, WN Dvorkin, C AF Miranda, Vinicius Hu, Wayne Dvorkin, Cora TI Polarization predictions for inflationary CMB power spectrum features SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; TELESCOPE; DISTANCE AB Temporal features during single-field inflation that break the time-translation invariance of the de Sitter expansion lead to the breaking of scale invariance in the curvature and cosmic microwave background temperature power spectra. The large-angle temperature power spectrum is known to contain low to moderate significance features whose inflationary interpretation also allows for substantial tensor contributions. We conduct a model-independent analysis of large-angle features using 20 principal components for the temporal history including the possibility of non-negligible tensor contributions. The suppression of power at low multipoles beginning with a glitch at multipoles l similar to 20-40 implies deviations in two to three of them with 2-3 sigma deviations in each, with larger values reflecting cases where tensors are allowed. If tensors are absent, the corresponding E-mode polarization features follow a similar pattern but are predicted to be up to twice as large. They offer the opportunity to soon double the significance of inflationary features or eliminate them as an explanation of temperature features. The tensor degeneracy with features in the temperature power spectrum is broken not only by B but also by E polarization. A precision measurement of E-mode polarization at multipoles from l similar to 20-60 can potentially provide an independent constraint on tensors that is less subject to dust foreground uncertainties. C1 [Miranda, Vinicius; Hu, Wayne] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dvorkin, Cora] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Miranda, V (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-13ER41958]; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago [NSF PHY-0114422, NSF PHY-0551142]; NASA - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51340.001]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. [NAS 5-26555]; Research Computing Center at the University of Chicago FX W. H. and V. M. were supported by U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FG02-13ER41958 and the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through Grants No. NSF PHY-0114422 and No. NSF PHY-0551142. C. D. was supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship Grant No. HST-HF2-51340.001 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under Contract No. NAS 5-26555. This work made use of computing resources and support provided by the Research Computing Center at the University of Chicago. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 6 AR 063514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.91.063514 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CE7MQ UT WOS:000352025900004 ER PT J AU Cheung, MCM De Pontieu, B Tarbell, TD Fu, Y Tian, H Testa, P Reeves, KK Martinez-Sykora, J Boerner, P Wulser, JP Lemen, J Title, AM Hurlburt, N Kleint, L Kankelborg, C Jaeggli, S Golub, L McKillop, S Saar, S Carlsson, M Hansteen, V AF Cheung, Mark C. M. De Pontieu, B. Tarbell, T. D. Fu, Y. Tian, H. Testa, P. Reeves, K. K. Martinez-Sykora, J. Boerner, P. Wuelser, J. P. Lemen, J. Title, A. M. Hurlburt, N. Kleint, L. Kankelborg, C. Jaeggli, S. Golub, L. McKillop, S. Saar, S. Carlsson, M. Hansteen, V. TI HOMOLOGOUS HELICAL JETS: OBSERVATIONS BY IRIS, SDO, AND HINODE AND MAGNETIC MODELING WITH DATA-DRIVEN SIMULATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE magnetic fields; Sun: atmosphere; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: photosphere; Sun: transition region ID X-RAY JETS; GLOBAL SOLAR CORONA; ESTIMATING ELECTRIC-FIELDS; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET JETS; TWISTED FLUX TUBE; H-ALPHA SURGES; ACTIVE-REGION; EMERGING FLUX; ALFVEN WAVES; DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER AB We report on observations of recurrent jets by instruments on board the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), and Hinode spacecraft. Over a 4 hr period on 2013 July 21, recurrent coronal jets were observed to emanate from NOAA Active Region 11793. Far-ultraviolet spectra probing plasma at transition region temperatures show evidence of oppositely directed flows with components reaching Doppler velocities of +/- 100 km s(-1). Raster Doppler maps using a Si IV transition region line show all four jets to have helical motion of the same sense. Simultaneous observations of the region by SDO and Hinode show that the jets emanate from a source region comprising a pore embedded in the interior of a supergranule. The parasitic pore has opposite polarity flux compared to the surrounding network field. This leads to a spine-fan magnetic topology in the coronal field that is amenable to jet formation. Time-dependent data-driven simulations are used to investigate the underlying drivers for the jets. These numerical experiments show that the emergence of current-carrying magnetic field in the vicinity of the pore supplies the magnetic twist needed for recurrent helical jet formation. C1 [Cheung, Mark C. M.; De Pontieu, B.; Tarbell, T. D.; Fu, Y.; Martinez-Sykora, J.; Boerner, P.; Wuelser, J. P.; Lemen, J.; Title, A. M.; Hurlburt, N.] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [De Pontieu, B.; Carlsson, M.; Hansteen, V.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway. [Fu, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tian, H.; Testa, P.; Reeves, K. K.; Golub, L.; McKillop, S.; Saar, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Martinez-Sykora, J.] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. [Kleint, L.] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland. [Kankelborg, C.; Jaeggli, S.] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Cheung, MCM (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, 3251 Hanover St Bldg 252, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM cheung@lmsal.com OI De Pontieu, Bart/0000-0002-8370-952X FU NASA [NNG09FA40C]; European Research Council [291058]; LMSAL [8100002705]; NASA's SDO/AIA [NNG04EA00C]; Hinode/SOT [NNM07AA01C, NNX14AI14G, NNX13AJ96G] FX Data are courtesy of the science teams of IRIS, SDO, and Hinode. IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by the Norwegian Space Center (NSC, Norway) through an ESA PRODEX contract. This work is supported by NASA under contract NNG09FA40C (IRIS), the European Research Council grant agreement No. 291058, and contract 8100002705 from LMSAL to SAO.; Additionally, M.C.M.C. acknowledges support from NASA's SDO/AIA (NNG04EA00C) and Hinode/SOT (NNM07AA01C) contracts and grants (NNX14AI14G and NNX13AJ96G) to LMSAL. AIA is an instrument on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, a mission for NASA's Living With a Star program. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, collaborating with NAOJ as domestic partner, and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. Science operation of Hinode is conducted by the Hinode science team organized at ISAS/JAXA. Postlaunch operation support is provided by JAXA and NAOJ (Japan), STFC (UK), NASA, ESA, and NSC (Norway). NR 84 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 83 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/83 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500012 ER PT J AU Lauck, T Karssemeijer, L Shulenberger, K Rajappan, M Oberg, KI Cuppen, HM AF Lauck, Trish Karssemeijer, Leendertjan Shulenberger, Katherine Rajappan, Mahesh Oeberg, Karin I. Cuppen, Herma M. TI CO DIFFUSION INTO AMORPHOUS H2O ICES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; ISM: molecules; methods: laboratory: molecular; molecular processes ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; GAS-GRAIN CHEMISTRY; WATER-ICE; BAND STRENGTHS; INTERSTELLAR GRAINS; CHEMICAL-MODEL; BULK DIFFUSION; ADSORPTION; MIXTURES; PROFILES AB The mobility of atoms, molecules, and radicals in icy grain mantles regulates ice restructuring, desorption, and chemistry in astrophysical environments. Interstellar ices are dominated by H2O, and diffusion on external and internal (pore) surfaces of H2O-rich ices is therefore a key process to constrain. This study aims to quantify the diffusion kinetics and barrier of the abundant ice constituent CO into H2O-dominated ices at low temperatures (15-23 K), by measuring the mixing rate of initially layered H2O(:CO2)/CO ices. The mixed fraction of CO as a function of time is determined by monitoring the shape of the infrared CO stretching band. Mixing is observed at all investigated temperatures on minute timescales. and can be ascribed to CO diffusion in H2O ice pores. The diffusion coefficient and final mixed fraction depend on ice temperature, porosity, thickness, and composition. The experiments are analyzed by applying Fick's diffusion equation under the assumption that mixing is due to CO diffusion into an immobile H2O ice. The extracted energy barrier for CO diffusion into amorphous H2O ice is similar to 160 K. This is effectively a surface diffusion barrier. The derived barrier is low compared to current surface diffusion barriers in use in astrochemical models. Its adoption may significantly change the expected timescales for different ice processes in interstellar environments. C1 [Lauck, Trish] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Karssemeijer, Leendertjan; Cuppen, Herma M.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Mol & Mat, Theoret Chem, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Shulenberger, Katherine] Wellesley Coll, Dept Chem, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA. [Rajappan, Mahesh; Oeberg, Karin I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lauck, T (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM tlauck@virginia.edu; koberg@cfa.harvard.edu RI Cuppen, Herma/F-9729-2015 OI Cuppen, Herma/0000-0003-4397-0739 FU Herschel Space Observatory (PI I. Cleeves); European Research Council (ERC-StG) [259510-KISMOL]; VIDI research program - Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [700.10.427] FX We gratefully acknowledge productive discussion with E. Herbst, D. Pesce, S. Liss, and P. King. D. Graninger assisted with several of the experiments. This work was supported by OT2 funding from the Herschel Space Observatory (PI I. Cleeves), European Research Council (ERC-2010-StG, Grant Agreement No. 259510-KISMOL), and the VIDI research program 700.10.427, financed by The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 18 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/118 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500047 ER PT J AU Lee, N Sanders, DB Casey, CM Toft, S Scoville, NZ Hung, CL Le Floc'h, E Ilbert, O Zahid, HJ Aussel, H Capak, P Kartaltepe, JS Kewley, LJ Li, YX Schawinski, K Sheth, K Xiao, QB AF Lee, Nicholas Sanders, D. B. Casey, Caitlin M. Toft, Sune Scoville, N. Z. Hung, Chao-Ling Le Floc'h, Emeric Ilbert, Olivier Zahid, H. Jabran Aussel, Heave Capak, Peter Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Kewley, Lisa J. Li, Yanxia Schawinski, Kevin Sheth, Kartik Xiao, Quanbao TI A TURNOVER IN THE GALAXY MAIN SEQUENCE OF STAR FORMATION AT M* similar to 10(10)M(circle dot) FOR REDSHIFTS z < 1.3 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: star formation ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; TOTAL INFRARED LUMINOSITY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STELLAR MASS FUNCTIONS; FORMING GALAXIES; FORMATION RATES; COSMOS FIELD; FORMATION HISTORY; H-ALPHA; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM AB The relationship between galaxy star formation rates (SFRs) and stellar masses (M*) is reexamined using a mass-selected sample of similar to 62,000 star-forming galaxies at z <= 1.3 in the COSMOS 2 deg2 field. Using new far-infrared photometry from Herschel-PACS and SPIRE and Spitzer-MIPS 24 mu m, along with derived infrared luminosities from the NRK method based on galaxies' locations in the restframe color-color diagram (NUV - r) versus (r - K), we are able to more accurately determine total SFRs for our complete sample. At all redshifts, the relationship between median SFR and M* follows a power law at low stellar masses, and flattens to nearly constant SFR at high stellar masses. We describe a new parameterization that provides the best fit to the main sequence and characterizes the low mass power-law slope, turnover mass, and overall scaling. The turnover in the main sequence occurs at a characteristic mass of about M-0 similar to 10(10) M-circle dot at all redshifts. The low mass power-law slope ranges from 0.9-1.3 and the overall scaling rises in SFR as a function of (1+z)(4.12 +/- 0.10). A broken power-law fit below and above the turnover mass gives relationships of SFR proportional to M*(0.88 +/- 0.06) below the turnover mass and SFR proportional to M*(0.27 +/- 0.04) above the turnover mass. Galaxies more massive than M* greater than or similar to 10(10)M(circle dot) have a much lower average specific star formation rate (sSFR) than would be expected by simply extrapolating the traditional linear fit to the main sequence found for less massive galaxies. C1 [Lee, Nicholas; Sanders, D. B.; Casey, Caitlin M.; Hung, Chao-Ling; Zahid, H. Jabran; Li, Yanxia; Xiao, Quanbao] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Casey, Caitlin M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Toft, Sune] Univ Copenhagen, Dark Cosmol Ctr, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Scoville, N. Z.; Capak, Peter] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hung, Chao-Ling; Zahid, H. Jabran] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Le Floc'h, Emeric; Aussel, Heave] CEA Saclay, CEA, CNRS, UMR AIM,UP&,Orme Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Ilbert, Olivier] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Capak, Peter] Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Kewley, Lisa J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Schawinski, Kevin] ETH, Inst Astron, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Sheth, Kartik] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Xiao, Quanbao] Shanghai Key Lab Astrophys, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. RP Lee, N (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1066293]; McCue Fellowship through the University of California; Irvine's Center for Cosmology; Swiss National Science Foundation [PP00P2_138979/1]; National Radio Astronomy Observatory; AURA Inc, under NASA [NAS 5-26555]; ESA Member States; NASA; European Southern Observatory, Chile; Kitt Peak National Observatory, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory; National Optical Astronomy Observatory; Danish National Research Foundation FX D.B.S. and C.M.C. acknowledge the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by the National Science Foundation grant No. PHY-1066293. C.M.C. acknowledges generous support from a McCue Fellowship through the University of California, Irvine's Center for Cosmology. K.S. gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation Grant PP00P2_138979/1. K.S. acknowledges support from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, which is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.; COSMOS is based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA Inc, under NASA contract NAS 5-26555; also based on data collected at: the Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; the XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA; the European Southern Observatory, Chile; Kitt Peak National Observatory, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, and the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which are operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation; the National Radio Astronomy Observatory which is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc; and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope operated by the National Research Council of Canada, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique de France and the University of Hawaii.; The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. NR 94 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 80 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/80 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500009 ER PT J AU Moe, M Di Stefano, R AF Moe, Maxwell Di Stefano, Rosanne TI A NEW CLASS OF NASCENT ECLIPSING BINARIES WITH EXTREME MASS RATIOS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; binaries: eclipsing; H II regions; stars: formation; stars: massive; stars: pre-main sequence ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; MAIN-SEQUENCE TRACKS; X-RAY BINARIES; BROWN DWARF DESERT; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; H-II REGIONS; COMMON ENVELOPE EVOLUTION; ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; B-TYPE STARS; SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES AB Early B-type main-sequence (MS) stars (M-1 approximate to 5-16M(circle dot)) with closely orbiting low-mass stellar companions (q = M-2/M-1 < 0.25) can evolve to produce Type Ia supernovae, low-mass X-ray binaries, and millisecond pulsars. However, the formation mechanism and intrinsic frequency of such close extreme mass-ratio binaries have been debated, especially considering none have hitherto been detected. Utilizing observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud galaxy conducted by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment, we have discovered a new class of eclipsing binaries in which a luminous B-type MS star irradiates a closely orbiting low-mass pre-MS companion that has not yet fully formed. The primordial pre-MS companions have large radii and discernibly reflect much of the light they intercept from the B-type MS primaries (Delta I-refl approximate to 0.02-0.14 mag). For the 18 definitive MS + pre-MS eclipsing binaries in our sample with good model fits to the observed light-curves, we measure short orbital periods P = 3.0-8.5 days, young ages tau approximate to 0.6-8 Myr, and small secondary masses M-2 approximate to 0.8-2.4M(circle dot) (q approximate to 0.07-0.36). The majority of these nascent eclipsing binaries are still associated with stellar nurseries, e.g., the system with the deepest eclipse Delta I-1 = 2.8 mag and youngest age tau = 0.6 +/- 0.4 Myr is embedded in the bright H II region 30 Doradus. After correcting for selection effects, we find that (2.0 +/- 0.6)% of B-type MS stars have companions with short orbital periods P = 3.0-8.5 days and extreme mass ratios q approximate to 0.06-0.25. This is approximate to 10 times greater than that observed for solar-type MS primaries. We discuss how these new eclipsing binaries provide invaluable insights, diagnostics, and challenges for the formation and evolution of stars, binaries, and H II regions. C1 [Moe, Maxwell; Di Stefano, Rosanne] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Moe, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-10, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mmoe@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-1211843] FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-1211843. We acknowledge use of publicly available data from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (Udalski et al. 2008; Graczyk et al. 2011) and the Magellanic Cloud Emission Line Survey (Smith et al. 2005). We thank the referee, A. Prsa, for helpful comments and suggestions that improved the quality of the manuscript. We also thank N. Evans, J. Najita, S. Naoz, C. Badenes, I. Czekala, C. Faesi, and D. Nelson for useful discussions. NR 120 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 113 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/113 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500042 ER PT J AU Moro-Martin, A Marshall, JP Kennedy, G Sibthorpe, B Matthews, BC Eiroa, C Wyatt, MC Lestrade, JF Maldonado, J Rodriguez, D Greaves, JS Montesinos, B Mora, A Booth, M Duchene, G Wilner, D Horner, J AF Moro-Martin, A. Marshall, J. P. Kennedy, G. Sibthorpe, B. Matthews, B. C. Eiroa, C. Wyatt, M. C. Lestrade, J. -F. Maldonado, J. Rodriguez, D. Greaves, J. S. Montesinos, B. Mora, A. Booth, M. Duchene, G. Wilner, D. Horner, J. TI DOES THE PRESENCE OF PLANETS AFFECT THE FREQUENCY AND PROPERTIES OF EXTRASOLAR KUIPER BELTS? RESULTS FROM THE HERSCHEL DEBRIS AND DUNES SURVEYS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; infrared: stars; interplanetary medium; Kuiper Belt: general; planet-disk interactions; planetary systems ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; SUN-LIKE STARS; INFRARED INTERFEROMETRIC SURVEY; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SPITZER MIPS SURVEY; MASS PLANETS; HARPS SEARCH; NEARBY STARS; STELLAR COMPANIONS; GIANT PLANETS AB The study of the planet-debris disk connection can shed light on the formation and evolution of planetary systems. and may help "predict" the presence of planets around stars with certain disk characteristics. In preliminary analyses of subsamples of the Herschel DEBRIS and DUNES surveys, Wyatt et al. and Marshall et al. identified a tentative correlation between debris and the presence of low-mass planets. Here we use the cleanest possible sample out of these Herschel surveys to assess the presence of such a correlation, discarding stars without known ages, with ages <1 Gyr, and with binary companions <100 AU. to rule out possible correlations due to effects other than planet presence. In our resulting subsample of 204 FGK stars, we do not find evidence that debris disks are more common or more dusty around stars harboring high-mass or low-mass planets compared to a control sample without identified planets. There is no evidence either that the characteristic dust temperature of the debris disks around planet-bearing stars is any different from that in debris disks without identified planets, nor that debris disks are more or less common (or more or less dusty) around stars harboring multiple planets compared to single-planet systems. Diverse dynamical histories may account for the lack of correlations. The data show a correlation between the presence of high-mass planets and stellar metallicity, but no correlation between the presence of low-mass planets or debris and stellar metallicity. Comparing the observed cumulative distribution of fractional luminosity to those expected from a Gaussian distribution in logarithmic scale, we find that a distribution centered on the solar system's value fits the data well, while one centered at 10 times this value can be rejected. This is of interest in the context of future terrestrial planet detection and characterization because it indicates that there are good prospects for finding a large number of debris disk systems (i.e., with evidence of harboring planetesimals, the building blocks of planets) with exozodiacal emission low enough to be appropriate targets for an ATLAST-type mission to search for biosignatures. C1 [Moro-Martin, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Moro-Martin, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Marshall, J. P.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Marshall, J. P.; Horner, J.] Univ New S Wales, Australian Ctr Astrobiol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Marshall, J. P.; Eiroa, C.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Kennedy, G.; Wyatt, M. C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sibthorpe, B.] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands. [Matthews, B. C.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Astron & Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Matthews, B. C.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Lestrade, J. -F.] CNRS, Observ Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Maldonado, J.] INAF Osservatorio Astronom Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Rodriguez, D.] Univ Chile, Santiago, Chile. [Greaves, J. S.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Montesinos, B.] CSIC, INTA, Ctr Astrobiol, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Mora, A.] ESA ESAC, Gaia SOC, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Booth, M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Duchene, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Duchene, G.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Duchene, G.] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Wilner, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Horner, J.] Univ So Queensland, Computat Engn & Sci Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. RP Moro-Martin, A (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM amaya@stsci.edu RI Montesinos, Benjamin/C-3493-2017; OI Montesinos, Benjamin/0000-0002-7982-2095; Booth, Mark/0000-0001-8568-6336; Marshall, Jonathan/0000-0001-6208-1801; Horner, Jonti/0000-0002-1160-7970; Kennedy, Grant/0000-0001-6831-7547 FU STScI Directors Discretionary Research fund; European Union through ERC Grant [279973]; Spanish Ministry of Economy Grant [AYA 2011-26202]; Chilean FONDECYT Grant [3130520]; FONDECYT Postdoctoral Fellowship [3140479] FX A.M.-M. thanks Ewan Cameron for insightful comments and the STScI Directors Discretionary Research fund for support. J.P.M. is a UNSW Vice Chancellor's Postdoctoral Research Fellow. G.K. and M.C.W.'s work was supported by the European Union through ERC Grant 279973. C.E. and B.M. are partially supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy Grant AYA 2011-26202. D.R.R. acknowledges support from Chilean FONDECYT Grant 3130520. M.B. acknowledges support from a FONDECYT Postdoctoral Fellowship, Project. 3140479. NR 85 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 143 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/143 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500072 ER PT J AU Nisini, B Santangelo, G Giannini, T Antoniucci, S Cabrit, S Codella, C Davis, CJ Eisloffel, J Kristensen, L Herczeg, G Neufeld, D Van Dishoeck, EF AF Nisini, B. Santangelo, G. Giannini, T. Antoniucci, S. Cabrit, S. Codella, C. Davis, C. J. Eisloeffel, J. Kristensen, L. Herczeg, G. Neufeld, D. Van Dishoeck, E. F. TI [O I] 63 mu m JETS IN CLASS 0 SOURCES DETECTED BY HERSCHEL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: jets and outflows; stars: formation ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; LOW-MASS PROTOSTARS; RHO-OPHIUCHI CLOUD; PROTOSTELLAR OUTFLOWS; EMBEDDED PROTOSTARS; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; PACS SPECTROSCOPY; PROPER MOTIONS AB We present Herschel PACS mapping observations of the [O I] 63 mu m line toward protostellar outflows in the L1448, NGC 1333-IRAS4, HH 46, BHR 71, and VLA 1623 star-forming regions. We detect emission spatially resolved along the outflow direction, which can be associated with a low-excitation atomic jet. In the L1448-C, HH 46 IRS, and BHR 71 IRS1 outflows this emission is kinematically resolved into blue-and redshifted jet lobes, having radial velocities up to 200 km s(-1). In the L1448-C atomic jet the velocity increases with the distance from the protostar, similarly to what is observed in the SiO jet associated with this source. This suggests that [O I] and molecular gas are kinematically connected and that the. latter could represent the colder cocoon of a jet at higher excitation. Mass flux rates ((M) over dot(jet)(O I)) have been measured from the [O I] 63 mu m luminosity adopting two independent methods. We find values in the range (1-4) x 10(-7) M(circle dot)yr(-1) for all sources except HH 46, for which an order of magnitude higher value is estimated. (M) over dot(jet)(O I) are compared with mass accretion rates (M-acc) onto the protostar and with (M) over dot(jet) derived from ground-based CO observations. (M) over dot(jet)(O I)/(M) over dot(acc) ratios are in the range 0.05-0.5, similar to the values for more evolved sources. (M) over dot(jet)(O I) in HH 46 IRS and IRAS4A are comparable to (M) over dot(jet)(CO), while those of the remaining sources are significantly lower than the corresponding M. jet(CO). We speculate that for these three sources most of the mass flux is carried out by a molecular jet, while the warm atomic gas does not significantly contribute to the dynamics of the system. C1 [Nisini, B.; Santangelo, G.; Giannini, T.; Antoniucci, S.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Santangelo, G.; Codella, C.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Cabrit, S.] CNRS, Observ Paris, LERMA, UMR 8112, F-75014 Paris, France. [Davis, C. J.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England. [Eisloeffel, J.] Thuringer Landessternwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Kristensen, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Herczeg, G.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Neufeld, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Van Dishoeck, E. F.] Leiden Univ, Sterrewacht Leiden, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Van Dishoeck, E. F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. RP Nisini, B (reprint author), Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. RI Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011 OI Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721 FU INAF FX Financial support from INAF, under PRIN2013 program "Disks, jets and the dawn of planets" is acknowledged. NR 89 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 121 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/121 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500050 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, MJF van der Werf, PP Aalto, S Armus, L Charmandaris, V Diaz-Santos, T Evans, AS Fischer, J Gao, Y Gonzalez-Alfonso, E Greve, TR Harris, AI Henkel, C Israel, FP Isaak, KG Kramer, C Meijerink, R Naylor, DA Sanders, DB Smith, HA Spaans, M Spinglio, L Stacey, GJ Veenendaal, I Veilleux, S Walter, F Weiss, A Wiedner, MC van der Wiel, MHD Xilouris, EM AF Rosenberg, M. J. F. van der Werf, P. P. Aalto, S. Armus, L. Charmandaris, V. Diaz-Santos, T. Evans, A. S. Fischer, J. Gao, Y. Gonzalez-Alfonso, E. Greve, T. R. Harris, A. I. Henkel, C. Israel, F. P. Isaak, K. G. Kramer, C. Meijerink, R. Naylor, D. A. Sanders, D. B. Smith, H. A. Spaans, M. Spinglio, L. Stacey, G. J. Veenendaal, I. Veilleux, S. Walter, F. Weiss, A. Wiedner, M. C. van der Wiel, M. H. D. Xilouris, E. M. TI THE HERSCHEL COMPREHENSIVE (U)LIRG EMISSION SURVEY (HERCULES): CO LADDERS, FINE STRUCTURE LINES, AND NEUTRAL GAS COOLING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (ULIRGs); galaxies: ISM; molecular data; photon-dominated region (PDR); submillimeter: ISM ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROMETER; SPACE-OBSERVATORY MEASUREMENTS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DENSE MOLECULAR GAS; STAR-FORMATION; ARP 220; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; MARKARIAN 231; WATER-VAPOR AB (Ultra) luminous infrared galaxies ((U)LIRGs) are objects characterized by their extreme infrared (8-1000 mu m) luminosities (L-LIRG > 10(11) L-circle dot and L-ULIRG > 10(12) L-circle dot). The Herschel Comprehensive ULIRG Emission Survey (PI: van derWerf) presents a representative flux-limited sample of 29 (U)LIRGs that spans the full luminosity range of these objects (10(11)L(circle dot) <= L-IR <= 10(13)L(circle dot)). With the Herschel Space Observatory, we observe [CII] 157 mu m, [O I] 63 mu m, and [O I] 145 mu m line emission with Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer, CO J = 4-3 through J = 13-12, [C I] 370 mu m, and [C I] 609 mu m with SPIRE, and low-J CO transitions with ground-based telescopes. The CO ladders of the sample are separated into three classes based on their excitation level. In 13 of the galaxies, the [O I] 63 mu m emission line is self absorbed. Comparing the CO excitation to the InfraRed Astronomical Satellite 60/100 mu m ratio and to far infrared luminosity, we find that the CO excitation is more correlated to the far infrared colors. We present cooling budgets for the galaxies and find fine-structure line flux deficits in the [C II], [Si II], [O I], and [C I] lines in the objects with the highest far IR fluxes, but do not observe this for CO 4 <= J(upp) <= 13. In order to study the heating of the molecular gas, we present a combination of three diagnostic quantities to help determine the dominant heating source. Using the CO excitation, the CO J = 1-0 linewidth, and the active galactic nucleus (AGN) contribution, we conclude that galaxies with large CO linewidths always have high-excitation CO ladders, and often low AGN contributions, suggesting that mechanical heating is important. C1 [Rosenberg, M. J. F.; van der Werf, P. P.; Israel, F. P.; Meijerink, R.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Aalto, S.] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Onsala Observ, SE-43994 Onsala, Sweden. [Armus, L.; Diaz-Santos, T.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Charmandaris, V.; Xilouris, E. M.] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, Athens 15236, Greece. [Charmandaris, V.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Charmandaris, V.] Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France. [Evans, A. S.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Evans, A. S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Fischer, J.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Gao, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Gonzalez-Alfonso, E.] Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Fis & Matemat, E-28871 Alcala De Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Greve, T. R.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Harris, A. I.; Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Henkel, C.; Weiss, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Henkel, C.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Isaak, K. G.] ESTEC SRE S, Sci Support Off, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Kramer, C.] IRAM, Nucleo Cent, E-18012 Granada, Spain. [Naylor, D. A.; Veenendaal, I.; van der Wiel, M. H. D.] Univ Lethbridge, Inst Space Imaging Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada. [Sanders, D. B.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Spaans, M.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Spinglio, L.] INAF, Ist Astros & Planetol Spaziali, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Stacey, G. J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Veilleux, S.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Walter, F.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Rosenberg, MJF (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM rosenberg@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Charmandaris, Vassilis/A-7196-2008; van der Wiel, Matthijs/M-4531-2014; Xilouris, Emmanuel/K-9459-2013; OI Charmandaris, Vassilis/0000-0002-2688-1956; van der Wiel, Matthijs/0000-0002-4325-3011; Fischer, Jacqueline/0000-0001-6697-7808 FU NASA [NNX12AI55G]; JPL RSA [717437, 717353]; Canadian Space Agency (CSA); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX We thank Edward Polehampton for his help reducing the SPIRE observations. Basic research in infrared astronomy at the Naval Research Laboratory is funded by the Office of Naval Research. J.F. also acknowledges partial support from the NHSC/JPL subcontract 1371112. SPIRE has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by Cardiff University (UK) and including: University of Lethbridge (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, LAM(France); IFSI, University of Padua (Italy); IAC (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); Imperial College London, RAL, UCL-MSSL, UKATC, University of Sussex (UK); and Caltech, JPL, NHSC, University of Colorado (USA). This development has been supported by national funding agencies: CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, CNES, CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); SNSB (Sweden); STFC, UKSA (UK); and NASA (USA). The Herschel spacecraft was designed, built, tested, and launched under a contract to ESA managed by the Herschel/Planck Project team by an industrial consortium under the overall responsibility of the prime contractor Thales Alenia Space (Cannes), and including Astrium (Friedrichshafen) responsible for the payload module and for system testing at spacecraft level, Thales Alenia Space (Turin) responsible for the service module, and Astrium (Toulouse) responsible for the telescope, with in excess of a hundred subcontractors. HCSS/HSpot/HIPE is a joint development (are joint developments) by the Herschel Science Ground Segment Consortium, consisting of ESA, the NASA Herschel Science Center, and the HIFI, PACS and SPIRE consortia. H.A.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA grant NNX12AI55G and JPL RSA contract 717437 and 717353. M.H.D.v.d.W. is supported by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). NR 93 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 72 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/72 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500001 ER PT J AU Santini, P Ferguson, HC Fontana, A Mobasher, B Barro, G Castellano, M Finkelstein, SL Grazian, A Hsu, LT Lee, B Lee, SK Pforr, J Salvato, M Wiklind, T Wuyts, S Almaini, O Cooper, MC Galametz, A Weiner, B Amorin, R Boutsia, K Conseeice, CJ Dahlen, T Dickinson, ME Giavalisco, M Grogin, NA Guo, Y Hathi, NP Kocevski, D Koekemoer, AM Kurczynski, P Merlin, E Mortlock, A Newman, JA Paris, V Pentericci, L Simons, R Willner, SP AF Santini, P. Ferguson, H. C. Fontana, A. Mobasher, B. Barro, G. Castellano, M. Finkelstein, S. L. Grazian, A. Hsu, L. T. Lee, B. Lee, S. -K. Pforr, J. Salvato, M. Wiklind, T. Wuyts, S. Almaini, O. Cooper, M. C. Galametz, A. Weiner, B. Amorin, R. Boutsia, K. Conseeice, C. J. Dahlen, T. Dickinson, M. E. Giavalisco, M. Grogin, N. A. Guo, Y. Hathi, N. P. Kocevski, D. Koekemoer, A. M. Kurczynski, P. Merlin, E. Mortlock, A. Newman, J. A. Paris, V. Pentericci, L. Simons, R. Willner, S. P. TI STELLAR MASSES FROM THE CANDELS SURVEY: THE GOODS-SOUTH AND UDS FIELDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: stellar content; surveys ID HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION RATES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ULTRA-DEEP SURVEY; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; BROAD-BAND PHOTOMETRY; LYMAN BREAK GALAXIES; TO-FIR ANALYSIS; TP-AGB STARS; LESS-THAN 7 AB We present the public release of the stellar mass catalogs for the GOODS-S and UDS fields obtained using some of the deepest near-IR images available, achieved as part of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey project. We combine the effort from 10 different teams, who computed the stellar masses using the same photometry and the same redshifts. Each team adopted their preferred fitting code, assumptions, priors, and parameter grid. The combination of results using the same underlying stellar isochrones reduces the systematics associated with the fitting code and other choices. Thanks to the availability of different estimates, we can test the effect of some specific parameters and assumptions on the stellar mass estimate. The choice of the stellar isochrone library turns out to have the largest effect on the galaxy stellar mass estimates, resulting in the largest distributions around the median value (with a semi interquartile range larger than 0.1 dex). On the other hand, for most galaxies, the stellar mass estimates are relatively insensitive to the different parameterizations of the star formation history. The inclusion of nebular emission in the model spectra does not have a significant impact for the majority of galaxies (less than a factor of 2 for similar to 80% of the sample). Nevertheless, the stellar mass for the subsample of young galaxies (age <100 Myr), especially in particular redshift ranges (e.g., 2.2 < z < 2.4, 3.2 < z < 3.6, and 5.5 < z < 6.5), can be seriously overestimated (by up to a factor of 10 for <20 Myr sources) if nebular contribution is ignored. C1 [Santini, P.; Fontana, A.; Castellano, M.; Grazian, A.; Amorin, R.; Boutsia, K.; Merlin, E.; Paris, V.; Pentericci, L.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [Ferguson, H. C.; Dahlen, T.; Grogin, N. A.; Koekemoer, A. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Mobasher, B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Barro, G.; Guo, Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Barro, G.; Guo, Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Finkelstein, S. L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Hsu, L. T.; Salvato, M.; Wuyts, S.; Galametz, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Lee, B.; Giavalisco, M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Lee, S. -K.] Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Explorat Origin Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul, South Korea. [Pforr, J.; Dickinson, M. E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Wiklind, T.] Joint ALMA Observ, Santiago, Chile. [Almaini, O.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Cooper, M. C.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Galaxy Evolut, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Weiner, B.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Conseeice, C. J.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Hathi, N. P.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Kocevski, D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Kurczynski, P.] Rutgers State Univ, State Univ New Jersey, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Mortlock, A.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, SUPA, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Newman, J. A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Simons, R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Willner, S. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Santini, P (reprint author), Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Rome, Italy. EM paola.santini@oa-roma.inaf.it RI Pforr, Janine/J-3967-2015; Hathi, Nimish/J-7092-2014; OI Pforr, Janine/0000-0002-3414-8391; Hathi, Nimish/0000-0001-6145-5090; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Castellano, Marco/0000-0001-9875-8263; Santini, Paola/0000-0002-9334-8705; Amorin, Ricardo O./0000-0001-5758-1000; Almaini, Omar/0000-0001-9328-3991 FU EC FP7 SPACE project ASTRODEEP [312725]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIP) [2008-0060544]; NASA [NAS5-26555, 1407]; [ASI I/005/11/0] FX We thank the referee for helpful comments. P.S., A.F., M.C., R.A., K.B. and E.M. acknowledge the contribution of the EC FP7 SPACE project ASTRODEEP (Ref. No: 312725). P.S. also acknowledges the grant ASI I/005/11/0. S.L. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant, No. 2008-0060544, funded by the Korea government (MSIP). This work is based in part on observations (program GO-12060) made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work is also based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under NASA contract 1407. This work uses data from the following ESO programs: 60.A-9284, 181.A0717, LP 186.A-0898 and 085.A-0961. NR 90 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 97 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/97 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500026 ER PT J AU Smit, R Bouwens, RJ Franx, M Oesch, PA Ashby, MLN Willner, SP Labbe, I Holwerda, B Fazio, GG Huang, JS AF Smit, Renske Bouwens, Rychard J. Franx, Marlin Oesch, Pascal A. Ashby, Matthew L. N. Willner, S. P. Labbe, Ivo Holwerda, Benne Fazio, Giovanni G. Huang, J. -S. TI HIGH-PRECISION PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS FROM SPITZER/IRAC: EXTREME [3.6] - [4.5] COLORS IDENTIFY GALAXIES IN THE REDSHIFT RANGE z similar to 6.6-6.9 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift ID ULTRA-DEEP-FIELD; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; STELLAR MASS DENSITY; EARLY RELEASE SCIENCE; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; BROAD-BAND PHOTOMETRY; I'-DROP GALAXIES AB One of the most challenging aspects of studying galaxies in the z greater than or similar to 7 universe is the infrequent confirmation of their redshifts through spectroscopy, a phenomenon thought to occur from the increasing opacity of the intergalactic medium to Ly alpha photons at z > 6.5. The resulting redshift uncertainties inhibit the efficient search for [C II] in z similar to 7 galaxies with sub-millimeter instruments such as ALMA, given their limited scan speed for faint lines. One means by which to improve the precision of the inferred redshifts is to exploit the potential impact of strong nebular emission lines on the colors of z similar to 4 - 8 galaxies as observed by Spitzer/IRAC. At z similar to 6.8, galaxies exhibit IRAC colors as blue as [3.6] - [4.5] similar to-1, likely due to the contribution of [O (III)]+ H beta to the 3.6 mu m flux combined with the absence of line contamination in the 4.5 mu m band. In this paper we explore the use of extremely blue [3.6] - [4.5] colors to identify galaxies in the narrow redshift window z similar to 6.6 - 6.9. When combined with an /-dropout criterion, we demonstrate that we can plausibly select a relatively clean sample of z similar to 6.8 galaxies. Through a systematic application of this selection technique to our catalogs from all five CANDELS fields, we identify 20 probable z similar to 6.6 - 6.9 galaxies. We estimate that our criteria select the similar to 50% strongest line emitters at z similar to 6.8 and from the IRAC colors we estimate a typical [O (III)] + H beta rest-frame equivalent width of 1085 angstrom for this sample. The small redshift uncertainties on our sample make it particularly well suited for follow-up studies with facilities such as ALMA. C1 [Smit, Renske; Bouwens, Rychard J.; Franx, Marlin; Labbe, Ivo; Holwerda, Benne] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Smit, Renske] Univ Durham, Ctr Extragalact Astron, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Oesch, Pascal A.] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Ashby, Matthew L. N.; Willner, S. P.; Fazio, Giovanni G.; Huang, J. -S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Smit, R (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. OI Smit, Renske/0000-0001-8034-7802 FU ERC grant HIGHZ [227749]; NWO vrij competitie grant FX We thank Jarle Brinchmann, Rob Crain, Paul van der Werf, and Tim van Kempen for useful discussions. We are grateful to Brad Holden for providing us with the complete catalog from Holden et al. (2014). We thank the anonymous referee of our paper for valuable feedback on our manuscript. We acknowledge support from ERC grant HIGHZ #227749, and an NWO vrij competitie grant. NR 92 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 122 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/122 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500051 ER PT J AU Takei, D Drake, JJ Yamaguchi, H Slane, P Uchiyama, Y Katsuda, S AF Takei, D. Drake, J. J. Yamaguchi, H. Slane, P. Uchiyama, Y. Katsuda, S. TI X-RAY FADING AND EXPANSION IN THE "MINIATURE SUPERNOVA REMNANT" OF GK PERSEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: individual (GK Persei nova Persei 1901); novae, cataclysmic variables; X-rays: stars ID GALACTIC PLANETARY-NEBULAE; NOVA-PERSEI; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; PROPER MOTIONS; CASSIOPEIA-A; EMISSION; SHELL; SPECTROSCOPY; ABUNDANCE; SPECTRUM AB We report on a second epoch of Chandra X-ray imaging spectroscopy of the spatially resolved old nova remnant GK Persei. An ACIS-S3 observation of 97.4 ks was conducted in 2013 November after a lapse of 13.8 yr from the last visit in 2000. The X-ray emitting nebula appeared more faint and patchy compared with the first epoch. The flux decline was particularly evident in fainter regions and the mean decline was 30%-40% in the 0.5-1.2 keV energy band. A typical expansion of the brightest part of the remnant was 1''.9, which corresponds to an expansion rate of 0''.14 yr(-1). The soft X-ray spectra extracted from both the 2000 and 2013 data can be explained by a non-equilibrium ionization collisional plasma model convolved with interstellar absorption, though do not allow us to constrain the origin of the flux evolution. The plasma temperature has not significantly evolved since the 2000 epoch and we conclude that the fading of the X-ray emission is due largely to expansion. This implies that recent expansion has been into a lower density medium, a scenario that is qualitatively consistent with the structure of the circumstellar environment photographed soon after the initial explosion more than a century ago. Fainter areas are fading more quickly than brighter areas, indicating that they are fainter because of a lower ambient medium density and consequently more rapid expansion. C1 [Takei, D.] RIKEN, SPring Ctr 8, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. [Drake, J. J.; Slane, P.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Yamaguchi, H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Yamaguchi, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Uchiyama, Y.] Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Katsuda, S.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. RP Takei, D (reprint author), RIKEN, SPring Ctr 8, Inst Phys & Chem Res, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan. EM takei@spring8.or.jp FU RIKEN/SPDR program; Chandra grant [GO4-15025X]; NASA contract [NAS8-03060] FX We thank Chandra for allocating a part of the telescope time in Cycle-15, and acknowledge HST and VLA for their archival images. D.T. thanks T.Yuasa, K.Morihana, and J.Ueda for valuable discussions, and acknowledges financial support from the RIKEN/SPDR program, Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows for Research Abroad, and Chandra grant GO4-15025X. J.J.D. and P.S. were supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 to the Chandra X-ray Center, and thank the Director, B. Wilkes, for continuing advice and support. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR 92 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/92 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3GE UT WOS:000350965500021 ER PT J AU Wang, HF Landrein, S Dong, WP Nie, ZL Kondo, K Funamoto, T Wen, J Zhou, SL AF Wang, Hua-Feng Landrein, Sven Dong, Wen-Pan Nie, Ze-Long Kondo, Katsuhiko Funamoto, Tsuneo Wen, Jun Zhou, Shi-Liang TI Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of Linnaeoideae (Caprifoliaceae s. l.) Disjunctly Distributed in Eurasia, North America and Mexico SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLATYCRATER-ARGUTA HYDRANGEACEAE; CHLOROPLAST DNA; EAST-ASIA; FLOWERING PLANTS; MIXED MODELS; LINNAEEAE CAPRIFOLIACEAE; ABELIA CAPRIFOLIACEAE; LAND-BRIDGE; EVOLUTION; DIPSACALES AB Linnaeoideae is a small subfamily of erect or creeping shrubs to small trees in Caprifoliaceae that exhibits a wide disjunct distribution in Eurasia, North America and Mexico. Most taxa of the subfamily occur in eastern Asia and Mexico but the monospecific genus Linnaea has a circumboreal to north temperate distribution. In this study, we conducted phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses for Linnaeoideae and its close relatives based on sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS and nine plastid (rbcL, trnS-G, matK, trnL-F, ndhA, trnD-psbM, petB-D, trnL-rpl32 and trnH-psbA) markers. Our results support that Linnaeoideae is monophyletic, consisting of four eastern Asian lineages (Abelia, Diabelia, Dipelta and Kolkwitzia), the Mexican Vesalea, and Linnaea. The Mexican Vesalea was formerly placed in Abelia, but it did not form a clade with the eastern Asian Abelia; instead Vesalea and Linnaea are sisters. The divergence time between the eastern Asian lineages and the Mexican Vesalea plus the Linnaea clade was dated to be 50.86 Ma, with a 95% highest posterior density of 42.8 Ma (middle Eocene) to 60.19 Ma (early Paleocene) using the Bayesian relaxed clock estimation. Reconstructed ancestral areas indicated that the common ancestor of Linnaea plus Vesalea may have been widespread in eastern Asia and Mexico or originated in eastern Asia during the Eocene and likely migrated across continents in the Northern Hemisphere via the North Atlantic Land Bridges or the Bering Land Bridge. The Qinling Mountains of eastern Asia are the modern-day center of diversity of Kolkwitzia-DipeltaDiabelia clade. The Diabeliaclade became highly diversified in Japan and eastern China. Populations of Diabelia serrata in Japan and eastern China were found to be genetically identical in this study, suggesting a recent disjunction across the East China Sea, following the last glacial event. C1 [Wang, Hua-Feng; Dong, Wen-Pan; Wen, Jun; Zhou, Shi-Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Landrein, Sven] Royal Bot Gardens, Richmond TW9 3AB, Surrey, England. [Wang, Hua-Feng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Nie, Ze-Long] Jishou Univ, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Utilizat, Jishou 416000, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Kondo, Katsuhiko] Tokyo Univ Agr, Fac Agr, Dept Agr, Lab Plant Genet & Breeding Sci, Atsugi, Kanagawa 2430034, Japan. [Funamoto, Tsuneo] Showa Pharmaceut Univ, Fundamental Educ & Res Ctr Pharmaceut Sci, Inst Biol, Machida, Tokyo 1948543, Japan. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wang, Hua-Feng] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, Beijing Urban Ecosyst Res Stn, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. EM wenj@si.edu; slzhou@ibcac.ac.cn FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012AA021602, 2011FY120200, 2012BAC01B05]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31270239, 41201049, 31129001]; IICT; Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This study was partly supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2012AA021602, 2011FY120200, 2012BAC01B05), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31270239, 41201049, 31129001), IICT and the Innovation International Collaborative Team Grant from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 109 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0116485 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0116485 PG 26 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CD7MX UT WOS:000351275700004 PM 25756215 ER PT J AU Yamaguchi, H Badenes, C Foster, AR Bravo, E Williams, BJ Maeda, K Nobukawa, M Eriksen, KA Brickhouse, NS Petre, R Koyama, K AF Yamaguchi, Hiroya Badenes, Carles Foster, Adam R. Bravo, Eduardo Williams, Brian J. Maeda, Keiichi Nobukawa, Masayoshi Eriksen, Kristoffer A. Brickhouse, Nancy S. Petre, Robert Koyama, Katsuji TI A CHANDRASEKHAR MASS PROGENITOR FOR THE TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA REMNANT 3C 397 FROM THE ENHANCED ABUNDANCES OF NICKEL AND MANGANESE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE atomic data; infrared: ISM; ISM: individual objects (3C 397, G41.1-0.3); ISM: supernova remnants; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; X-rays: ISM ID DELAYED-DETONATION MODELS; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; X-RAY; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL; KEPLERS SUPERNOVA; WHITE-DWARFS; MILKY-WAY; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; EMISSION; SPECTRA AB Despite decades of intense efforts, many fundamental aspects of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) remain elusive. One of the major open questions is whether the mass of an exploding white dwarf (WD) is close to the Chandrasekhar limit. Here, we report the detection of strong K-shell emission from stable Fe-peak elements in the Suzaku X-ray spectrum of the Type Ia supernova remnant (SNR) 3C 397. The high Ni/Fe and Mn/Fe mass ratios (0.11-0.24 and 0.018-0.033, respectively) in the hot plasma component that dominates the K-shell emission lines indicate a degree of neutronization in the supernova ejecta that can only be achieved by electron capture in the dense cores of exploding WDs with a near-Chandrasekhar mass. This suggests a single-degenerate origin for 3C 397, since Chandrasekhar mass progenitors are expected naturally if the WD accretes mass slowly from a companion. Together with other results supporting the double-degenerate scenario, our work adds to the mounting evidence that both progenitor channels make a significant contribution to the SN Ia rate in star-forming galaxies. C1 [Yamaguchi, Hiroya; Williams, Brian J.; Petre, Robert] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Yamaguchi, Hiroya] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Yamaguchi, Hiroya; Brickhouse, Nancy S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Badenes, Carles] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Badenes, Carles] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr P, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Bravo, Eduardo] Univ Politecn Cataluna, ETS Arquitectura Valles, E-08173 Sant Cugat Del Valles, Spain. [Maeda, Keiichi] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Maeda, Keiichi] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Nobukawa, Masayoshi; Koyama, Katsuji] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Eriksen, Kristoffer A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Design Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Koyama, Katsuji] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. RP Yamaguchi, H (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM hiroya.yamaguchi@nasa.gov RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009; OI Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473; Bravo, Eduardo/0000-0003-0894-6450; Badenes, Carles/0000-0003-3494-343X FU Spanish MINECO [AYA2013-40545]; JSPS [23740141/26800100, 24740123, 23000004/24540229] FX We thank Drs. Ken'ichi Nomoto, Samar Safi- Harb, Randall K. Smith, and Michael C. Witthoeft for helpful discussion and suggestions. E.B. is supported by Spanish MINECO grant AYA2013-40545. Japanese authors acknowledge financial support by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research Numbers 23740141/26800100 (K.M.), 24740123 (M.N.), and 23000004/24540229 (K.K). NR 46 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD MAR 10 PY 2015 VL 801 IS 2 AR L31 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/801/2/L31 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD3NJ UT WOS:000350985200012 ER PT J AU Ade, PAR Aghanim, N Ahmed, Z Aikin, RW Alexander, KD Arnaud, M Aumont, J Baccigalupi, C Banday, AJ Barkats, D Barreiro, RB Bartlett, JG Bartolo, N Battaner, E Benabed, K Benoit, A Benoit-Levy, A Benton, SJ Bernard, JP Bersanelli, M Bielewicz, P Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Bonaldi, A Bonavera, L Bond, JR Borrill, J Bouchet, FR Boulanger, F Brevik, JA Bucher, M Buder, I Bullock, E Burigana, C Butler, RC Buza, V Calabrese, E Cardoso, JF Catalano, A Challinor, A Chary, RR Chiang, HC Christensen, PR Colombo, LPL Combet, C Connors, J Couchot, F Coulais, A Crill, BP Curto, A Cuttaia, F Danese, L Davies, RD Davis, RJ de Bernardis, P de Rosa, A de Zotti, G Delabrouille, J Delouis, JM Desert, FX Dickinson, C Diego, JM Dole, H Donzelli, S Dore, O Douspis, M Dowell, CD Duband, L Ducout, A Dunkley, J Dupac, X Dvorkin, C Efstathiou, G Elsner, F Ensslin, TA Eriksen, HK Falgarone, E Filippini, JP Finelli, F Fliescher, S Forni, O Frailis, M Fraisse, AA Franceschi, E Frejsel, A Galeotta, S Galli, S Ganga, K Ghosh, T Giard, M Gjerlow, E Golwala, SR Gonzalez-Nuevo, J Gorski, KM Gratton, S Gregorio, A Gruppuso, A Gudmundsson, JE Halpern, M Hansen, FK Hanson, D Harrison, DL Hasselfield, M Helou, G Henrot-Versillee, S Herranz, D Hildebrandt, SR Hilton, GC Hivon, E Hobson, M Holmes, WA Hovest, W Hristov, VV Huffenberger, KM Hui, H Hurier, G Irwin, KD Jaffe, AH Jaffe, TR Jewell, J Jones, WC Juvela, M Karakci, A Karkare, KS Kaufman, JP Keating, BG Kefeli, S Keihanen, E Kernasovskiy, SA Keskitalo, R Kisner, TS Kneissl, R Knoche, J Knox, L Kovac, JM Krachmalnicoff, N Kunz, M Kuo, CL Kurki-Suonio, H Lagache, G Lahteenmaki, A Lamarre, JM Lasenby, A Lattanzi, M Lawrence, CR Leitch, EM Leonardi, R Levrier, F Lewis, A Liguori, M Lilje, PB Linden-Vornle, M Lopez-Caniego, M Lubin, PM Lueker, M Macias-Perez, JF Maffei, B Maino, D Mandolesi, N Mangilli, A Maris, M Martin, PG Martinez-Gonzalez, E Masi, S Mason, P Matarrese, S Megerian, KG Meinhold, PR Melchiorri, A Mendes, L Mennella, A Migliaccio, M Mitra, S Miville-Deschenes, MA Moneti, A Montier, L Morgante, G Mortlock, D Moss, A Munshi, D Murphy, JA Naselsky, P Nati, F Natoli, P Netterfield, CB Nguyen, HT Norgaard-Nielsen, HU Noviello, F Novikov, D Novikov, I O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Orlando, A Pagano, L Pajot, F Paladini, R Paoletti, D Partridge, B Pasian, F Patanchon, G Pearson, TJ Perdereau, O Perotto, L Pettorino, V Piacentini, F Piat, M Pietrobon, D Plaszczynski, S Pointecouteau, E Polenta, G Ponthieu, N Pratt, GW Prunet, S Pryke, C Puget, JL Rachen, JP Reach, WT Rebolo, R Reinecke, M Remazeilles, M Renault, C Renzi, A Richter, S Ristorcelli, I Rocha, G Rossetti, M Roudier, G Rowan-Robinson, M Rubino-Martin, JA Rusholme, B Sandri, M Santos, D Savelainen, M Savini, G Schwarz, R Scott, D Seiffert, MD Sheehy, CD Spencer, LD Staniszewski, ZK Stolyarov, V Sudiwala, R Sunyaev, R Sutton, D Suur-Uski, AS Sygnet, JF Tauber, JA Teply, GP Terenzi, L Thompson, KL Toffolatti, L Tolan, JE Tomasi, M Tristram, M Tucci, M Turner, AD Valenziano, L Valiviita, J Van Tent, B Vibert, L Vielva, P Vieregg, AG Villa, F Wade, LA Wandelt, BD Watson, R Weber, AC Wehus, IK White, M White, SDM Willmert, J Wong, CL Yoon, KW Yvon, D Zacchei, A Zonca, A AF Ade, P. A. R. Aghanim, N. Ahmed, Z. Aikin, R. W. Alexander, K. D. Arnaud, M. Aumont, J. Baccigalupi, C. Banday, A. J. Barkats, D. Barreiro, R. B. Bartlett, J. G. Bartolo, N. Battaner, E. Benabed, K. Benoit, A. Benoit-Levy, A. Benton, S. J. Bernard, J. -P. Bersanelli, M. Bielewicz, P. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Bonaldi, A. Bonavera, L. Bond, J. R. Borrill, J. Bouchet, F. R. Boulanger, F. Brevik, J. A. Bucher, M. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Burigana, C. Butler, R. C. Buza, V. Calabrese, E. Cardoso, J. -F. Catalano, A. Challinor, A. Chary, R. -R. Chiang, H. C. Christensen, P. R. Colombo, L. P. L. Combet, C. Connors, J. Couchot, F. Coulais, A. Crill, B. P. Curto, A. Cuttaia, F. Danese, L. Davies, R. D. Davis, R. J. de Bernardis, P. de Rosa, A. de Zotti, G. Delabrouille, J. Delouis, J. -M. Desert, F. -X. Dickinson, C. Diego, J. M. Dole, H. Donzelli, S. Dore, O. Douspis, M. Dowell, C. D. Duband, L. Ducout, A. Dunkley, J. Dupac, X. Dvorkin, C. Efstathiou, G. Elsner, F. Ensslin, T. A. Eriksen, H. K. Falgarone, E. Filippini, J. P. Finelli, F. Fliescher, S. Forni, O. Frailis, M. Fraisse, A. A. Franceschi, E. Frejsel, A. Galeotta, S. Galli, S. Ganga, K. Ghosh, T. Giard, M. Gjerlow, E. Golwala, S. R. Gonzalez-Nuevo, J. Gorski, K. M. Gratton, S. Gregorio, A. Gruppuso, A. Gudmundsson, J. E. Halpern, M. Hansen, F. K. Hanson, D. Harrison, D. L. Hasselfield, M. Helou, G. Henrot-Versille, S. Herranz, D. Hildebrandt, S. R. Hilton, G. C. Hivon, E. Hobson, M. Holmes, W. A. Hovest, W. Hristov, V. V. Huffenberger, K. M. Hui, H. Hurier, G. Irwin, K. D. Jaffe, A. H. Jaffe, T. R. Jewell, J. Jones, W. C. Juvela, M. Karakci, A. Karkare, K. S. Kaufman, J. P. Keating, B. G. Kefeli, S. Keihanen, E. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Keskitalo, R. Kisner, T. S. Kneissl, R. Knoche, J. Knox, L. Kovac, J. M. Krachmalnicoff, N. Kunz, M. Kuo, C. L. Kurki-Suonio, H. Lagache, G. Lahteenmaki, A. Lamarre, J. -M. Lasenby, A. Lattanzi, M. Lawrence, C. R. Leitch, E. M. Leonardi, R. Levrier, F. Lewis, A. Liguori, M. Lilje, P. B. 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Rossetti, M. Roudier, G. Rowan-Robinson, M. Rubino-Martin, J. A. Rusholme, B. Sandri, M. Santos, D. Savelainen, M. Savini, G. Schwarz, R. Scott, D. Seiffert, M. D. Sheehy, C. D. Spencer, L. D. Staniszewski, Z. K. Stolyarov, V. Sudiwala, R. Sunyaev, R. Sutton, D. Suur-Uski, A. -S. Sygnet, J. -F. Tauber, J. A. Teply, G. P. Terenzi, L. Thompson, K. L. Toffolatti, L. Tolan, J. E. Tomasi, M. Tristram, M. Tucci, M. Turner, A. D. Valenziano, L. Valiviita, J. Van Tent, B. Vibert, L. Vielva, P. Vieregg, A. G. Villa, F. Wade, L. A. Wandelt, B. D. Watson, R. Weber, A. C. Wehus, I. K. White, M. White, S. D. M. Willmert, J. Wong, C. L. Yoon, K. W. Yvon, D. Zacchei, A. Zonca, A. CA BICEP KECK Planck Collaborations TI Joint Analysis of BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck Data SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; GRAVITY-WAVES; POLARIZATION; ANISOTROPY; EMISSION; SUBMILLIMETER; SPECTRUM; SCALE; DUST AB We report the results of a joint analysis of data from BICEP2/Keck Array and Planck. BICEP2 and Keck Array have observed the same approximately 400 deg(2) patch of sky centered on RA 0 h, Dec. -57.5 degrees. The combined maps reach a depth of 57 nK deg in Stokes Q and U in a band centered at 150 GHz. Planck has observed the full sky in polarization at seven frequencies from 30 to 353 GHz, but much less deeply in any given region (1.2 mu K deg in Q and U at 143 GHz). We detect 150 x 353 cross-correlation in B modes at high significance. We fit the single- and cross-frequency power spectra at frequencies >= 150 GHz to a lensed-Lambda CDM model that includes dust and a possible contribution from inflationary gravitational waves (as parametrized by the tensor-to-scalar ratio r), using a prior on the frequency spectral behavior of polarized dust emission from previous Planck analysis of other regions of the sky. We find strong evidence for dust and no statistically significant evidence for tensor modes. We probe various model variations and extensions, including adding a synchrotron component in combination with lower frequency data, and find that these make little difference to the r constraint. Finally, we present an alternative analysis which is similar to a map-based cleaning of the dust contribution, and show that this gives similar constraints. The final result is expressed as a likelihood curve for r, and yields an upper limit r(0.05) < 0.12 at 95% confidence. 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A.] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Terenzi, L.] Univ E Campus, Fac Ingn, I-22060 Novedrate, CO, Italy. [Toffolatti, L.] Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain. [Van Tent, B.] Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Van Tent, B.] CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [White, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yvon, D.] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Ade, PAR (reprint author), Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. EM Brendan.P.Crill@jpl.nasa.gov; pryke@physics.umn.edu RI Herranz, Diego/K-9143-2014; Novikov, Dmitry/P-1807-2015; Yvon, Dominique/D-2280-2015; Toffolatti, Luigi/K-5070-2014; Lahteenmaki, Anne/L-5987-2013; Barreiro, Rita Belen/N-5442-2014; Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique/E-9534-2015; Lopez-Caniego, Marcos/M-4695-2013; Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin/I-3562-2014; White, Martin/I-3880-2015; Pearson, Timothy/N-2376-2015; Gruppuso, Alessandro/N-5592-2015; Valiviita, Jussi/A-9058-2016; Kurki-Suonio, Hannu/B-8502-2016; Ghosh, Tuhin/E-6899-2016; Tomasi, Maurizio/I-1234-2016; Lattanzi, Massimiliano/D-8120-2011; Novikov, Igor/N-5098-2015; Colombo, Loris/J-2415-2016; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016; Vielva, Patricio/F-6745-2014; Piacentini, Francesco/E-7234-2010; Stolyarov, Vladislav/C-5656-2017; bonavera, laura/E-9368-2017; Remazeilles, Mathieu/N-1793-2015; Butler, Reginald/N-4647-2015; OI Savini, Giorgio/0000-0003-4449-9416; Zacchei, Andrea/0000-0003-0396-1192; Valenziano, Luca/0000-0002-1170-0104; Scott, Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; Bouchet, Francois/0000-0002-8051-2924; Reach, William/0000-0001-8362-4094; Hurier, Guillaume/0000-0002-1215-0706; Juvela, Mika/0000-0002-5809-4834; Watson, Robert/0000-0002-5873-0124; Lilje, Per/0000-0003-4324-7794; Paoletti, Daniela/0000-0003-4761-6147; Herranz, Diego/0000-0003-4540-1417; Toffolatti, Luigi/0000-0003-2645-7386; Barreiro, Rita Belen/0000-0002-6139-4272; Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique/0000-0002-0179-8590; Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin/0000-0003-1354-6822; White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070; Pearson, Timothy/0000-0001-5213-6231; Gruppuso, Alessandro/0000-0001-9272-5292; Valiviita, Jussi/0000-0001-6225-3693; Kurki-Suonio, Hannu/0000-0002-4618-3063; Tomasi, Maurizio/0000-0002-1448-6131; Lattanzi, Massimiliano/0000-0003-1059-2532; Colombo, Loris/0000-0003-4572-7732; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088; Vielva, Patricio/0000-0003-0051-272X; Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327; Stolyarov, Vladislav/0000-0001-8151-828X; bonavera, laura/0000-0001-8039-3876; Alexander, Kate/0000-0002-8297-2473; Rubino-Martin, Jose Alberto/0000-0001-5289-3021; Finelli, Fabio/0000-0002-6694-3269; De Zotti, Gianfranco/0000-0003-2868-2595; Sandri, Maura/0000-0003-4806-5375; Franceschi, Enrico/0000-0002-0585-6591; Polenta, Gianluca/0000-0003-4067-9196; Morgante, Gianluca/0000-0001-9234-7412; Lopez-Caniego, Marcos/0000-0003-1016-9283; de Bernardis, Paolo/0000-0001-6547-6446; Remazeilles, Mathieu/0000-0001-9126-6266; Maris, Michele/0000-0001-9442-2754; Galeotta, Samuele/0000-0002-3748-5115; Pasian, Fabio/0000-0002-4869-3227; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Gregorio, Anna/0000-0003-4028-8785; Butler, Reginald/0000-0003-4366-5996; Orlando, Angiola/0000-0001-8004-5054; Cuttaia, Francesco/0000-0001-6608-5017; Huffenberger, Kevin/0000-0001-7109-0099; Burigana, Carlo/0000-0002-3005-5796; Karkare, Kirit/0000-0002-5215-6993; Barkats, Denis/0000-0002-8971-1954; Villa, Fabrizio/0000-0003-1798-861X; TERENZI, LUCA/0000-0001-9915-6379 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [ANT-0742818, ANT-1044978, ANT-0742592, ANT-1110087]; JPL Research and Technology Development Fund from the NASA [06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017]; National Science Foundation [ANT-1145172, ANT-1145143, ANT-1145248]; Keck Foundation (Caltech); ESA; CNES (France); CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI (Italy); CNR (Italy); INAF (Italy); NASA (USA); DoE (USA); STFC (UK); UKSA (UK); CSIC (Spain); MINECO (Spain); JA (Spain); RES (Spain); Tekes (Finland); AoF (Finland); CSC (Finland); DLR (Germany); MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC (EU); PRACE (EU) FX BICEP2 was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants No. ANT-0742818 and No. ANT-1044978 (Caltech and Harvard) and No. ANT-0742592 and No. ANT-1110087 (Chicago and Minnesota). The development of antenna-coupled detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and Technology Development Fund and Grants No. 06-ARPA206-0040 and No. 10-SAT10-0017 from the NASA APRA and SAT programs. The Keck Array project was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. ANT-1145172 (Harvard), No. ANT-1145143 (Minnesota) and No. ANT-1145248 (Stanford), and from the Keck Foundation (Caltech). We thank the staff of the U.S. Antarctic Program and in particular the South Pole Station without whose help this research would not have been possible. The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of the following: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found in Ref. [52]. NR 44 TC 304 Z9 305 U1 9 U2 44 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 9 PY 2015 VL 114 IS 10 AR 101301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.101301 PG 17 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CC8ND UT WOS:000350624500002 PM 25815919 ER PT J AU Mathis, WN Costa, DNR Marinoni, L AF Mathis, Wayne N. Costa, Daniel N. R. Marinoni, Luciane TI A review of Mimapsilopa Cresson (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Brazil SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Review DE Neotropical Region; shore flies; taxonomy AB Species of Mimapsilopa from Brazil are reviewed with an emphasis on the fauna from southern Brazil, where six new species were discovered and herein are diagnosed and described. To facilitate identification of species, we have included a diagnosis of the tribe Discomyzini and of Mimapsilopa and have also provided an annotated key to the New World genera of the tribe. We have also provided photos of representative specimens, illustrations of structures of the male terminalia and a distribution map for all included species. C1 [Mathis, Wayne N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Costa, Daniel N. R.; Marinoni, Luciane] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Mathis, WN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, NHB 169,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM mathisw@si.edu; negosekidan@ufpr.br; lmarinoni@ufpr.br RI Marinoni, Luciane /C-5720-2013 FU CNPq [401609/2009-0] FX Recent field work in Brazil (December 2009-June 2010) that resulted in the vast majority of specimens studied in this paper was supported by a grant from CNPq (Visiting Researcher/Process number 401609/2009-0), which we gratefully acknowledge and thank. We thank Dianne Mathis for helping with all aspects of the production of this paper, especially the field work in Brazil. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 9 PY 2015 VL 3926 IS 4 BP 499 EP 522 PG 24 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CC8RY UT WOS:000350637100003 PM 25781799 ER PT J AU Van Bocxlaer, B Clewing, C Etimosundja, JPM Kankonda, A Ndeo, OW Albrecht, C AF Van Bocxlaer, Bert Clewing, Catharina Etimosundja, Jean-Papy Mongindo Kankonda, Alidor Ndeo, Oscar Wembo Albrecht, Christian TI Recurrent camouflaged invasions and dispersal of an Asian freshwater gastropod in tropical Africa SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phylogeny; Morphology; Ancient Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika; Congo River; Melanoides tuberculata; Biogeography; Ecosystem change; Anthropogenic stressor; Feedback mechanisms ID ENDEMIC SPECIES FLOCK; LAKE TANGANYIKA; EAST-AFRICA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ECOSYSTEM CHANGE; ANCIENT LAKE; MALAWI; EVOLUTIONARY; COMMUNITIES; SNAILS AB Background: Non-indigenous taxa currently represent a large fraction of the species and biomass of freshwater ecosystems. The accumulation of invasive taxa in combination with other stressors in these ecosystems may alter the habitats to which native taxa are adapted, which could elicit evolutionary changes in native populations and their ecological interactions. Assessing ecological and evolutionary consequences of invasions simultaneously may therefore be the most effective approach to study taxa with complex invasion histories. Here we apply such an integrated approach to the cerithioid gastropod Melanoides tuberculata, a model system in invasion biology. Results: Molecular phylogenetics and ancestral range reconstructions allowed us to identify several independent Asian invasions in Lakes Malawi and Tanganyika, the Congo River, Nigeria and Cameroon. Some invasive M. tuberculata populations display much variation in shell morphology, and overlap in morphospace with M. tuberculata populations native to Africa. Experiments confirmed great ecophenotyic plasticity in some invasive populations, which, in combination with the overlap in disparity with native populations, masks invaders and their dispersal through Africa. Finally, the results of geographic modeling indicate that cryptic M. tuberculata invasions occurred primarily in densely populated areas. Conclusions: We reveal the continental nature of invasions of Asian M. tuberculata to Africa. Several of the affected ecosystems have high endemicity in Cerithioidea: Lake Tanganyika has an unparalleled diversity in freshwater cerithioids (> 10 endemic genera) and the Congo Basin and Lake Malawi are home to the two largest endemic species clusters of Melanoides in Africa (similar to 12 and similar to 8 species, respectively). Cerithioids perform ecologically important functions in the benthic ecosystems of African freshwaters, but invaders and ecosystem change pose risks to their native diversity. We draw suggestions for more effective conservation strategies from our integrated approach. C1 [Van Bocxlaer, Bert; Clewing, Catharina; Albrecht, Christian] Univ Giessen, Dept Anim Ecol & Systemat, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Van Bocxlaer, Bert] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol & Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Van Bocxlaer, Bert] Univ Ghent, Dept Geol & Soil Sci, Res Unit Palaeontol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Van Bocxlaer, Bert; Etimosundja, Jean-Papy Mongindo] Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Sci, Museum Naturkunde, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Etimosundja, Jean-Papy Mongindo; Kankonda, Alidor; Ndeo, Oscar Wembo] Univ Kisangani, Dept Hydrobiol & Aquaculture, Kisangani, Congo. [Ndeo, Oscar Wembo] Official Univ Ruwenzori, Dept Hydrobiol, Butembo, Congo. RP Van Bocxlaer, B (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Dept Anim Ecol & Systemat, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32 IFZ, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM bert.vanbocxlaer@ugent.be RI Van Bocxlaer, Bert/N-1965-2016 OI Van Bocxlaer, Bert/0000-0003-2033-326X FU Ernest Tambwe Lukosha; Flanders Research Foundation; Belgian American Educational Foundation; Peter Buck Fellowship of the Smithsonian Institution; Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship; Fellowship of the German Academic Exchange Service; DFG [AL 1076/6-2, AL 1076/7-1, AL 1076/8-1] FX The Congo Biodiversity Consortium supported fieldwork in the Congo Basin and the Official University of Ruwenzori (Vikandy S. Mambo, Meni Malikwicha) in Eastern Congo. Fieldwork support in the DRC was provided by Ernest Tambwe Lukosha. Daniel Engelhard, Thies Geertz and Roland Schultheiss collected samples in Uganda, the DRC and Rwanda. Thomas von Rintelen kindly provided collection data. Torsten Hauffe and Bjorn Stelbrink provided help with geographical modeling and phylogenetic inference, respectively. Constructive input on an earlier draft was provided by Jon Todd. The manuscript was reviewed independently by Axios Review; the handling editor Melania Cristescu and four anonymous referees provided many constructive suggestions that significantly improved the paper. Funding was received from the Flanders Research Foundation, the Belgian American Educational Foundation, a Peter Buck Fellowship of the Smithsonian Institution and an Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship to B.V.B., a Fellowship of the German Academic Exchange Service to J.-P.M.E., and DFG grants AL 1076/6-2, 7-1, 8-1 to C.A. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD MAR 7 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 33 DI 10.1186/s12862-015-0296-2 PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CE0ON UT WOS:000351503800001 PM 25886047 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, E Weber, JM Page, B Roubik, DW Suarez, RK Darveau, CA AF Rodriguez, Enrique Weber, Jean-Michel Page, Benoit Roubik, David W. Suarez, Raul K. Darveau, Charles-A. TI Setting the pace of life: membrane composition of flight muscle varies with metabolic rate of hovering orchid bees SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE membrane composition; metabolic rate; membrane pacemaker theory; flight; bees; phospholipid ID DIETARY FATTY-ACIDS; OXIDATIVE CAPACITIES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; BODY-SIZE; FISH-OIL; MAMMALS; SPAN; MICE; PERFORMANCE; ENERGETICS AB Patterns of metabolic rate variation have been documented extensively in animals, but their functional basis remains elusive. The membrane pacemaker hypothesis proposes that the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipids sets the metabolic rate of organisms. Using species of tropical orchid bees spanning a 16-fold range in body size, we show that the flight muscles of smaller bees have more linoleate (% 18 : 3) and stearate (% 18 : 0), but less oleate (% 18 : 1). More importantly, flight metabolic rate (FlightMR) varies with the relative abundance of 18 : 3 according to the predictions of the membrane pacemaker hypothesis. Although this relationship was found across large differences in metabolic rate, a direct association could not be detected when taking phylogeny and body mass into account. Higher FlightMR, however, was related to lower % 16 : 0, independent of phylogeny and body mass. Therefore, this study shows that flight muscle membrane composition plays a significant role in explaining diversity in FlightMR, but that body mass and phylogeny are other factors contributing to their variation. Multiple factors are at play to modulate metabolic capacity, and changing membrane composition can have gradual and stepwise effects to achieve a new range of metabolic rates. Orchid bees illustrate the correlated evolution between membrane composition and metabolic rate, supporting the functional link proposed in the membrane pacemaker hypothesis. C1 [Rodriguez, Enrique; Weber, Jean-Michel; Page, Benoit; Darveau, Charles-A.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Roubik, David W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Suarez, Raul K.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Darveau, CA (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. EM cdarveau@uottawa.ca OI Weber, Jean-Michel/0000-0003-2218-2952 FU NSF; NSERC FX This study was supported by an NSF grant award to R.K.S., and NSERC Discovery Grants to J.-M.W. and C.-A.D. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD MAR 7 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1802 AR 20142232 DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.2232 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CC4SW UT WOS:000350344900009 ER PT J AU Mah, CL AF Mah, Christopher L. TI New species, corallivory, in situ video observations and overview of the Goniasteridae (Valvatida, Asteroidea) in the Hawaiian Region SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Goniasteridae; Valvatida; deep-sea; Hawaiian Islands; predation ID HIPPASTERINAE GONIASTERIDAE; ECHINODERMATA; GENUS; SYSTEMATICS; MEGAFAUNA; REVISION; ISLANDS AB Two new species of Goniasteridae, Astroceramus eldredgei n. sp. and Apollonaster kelleyi n. sp. are described from the Hawaiian Islands region. Prior to this occurrence, Apollonaster was known only from the North Atlantic. The Goniasteridae is the most diverse family of asteroids in the Hawaiian region. Additional in situ observations of several goniasterid species, including A. eldredgei n. sp. are reported. These observations extend documentation of deep-sea corallivory among goniasterid asteroids. New species occurrences presented herein suggested further biogeographic affinities between tropical Pacific and Atlantic goniasterid faunas. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Mah, CL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20007 USA. FU Hawai'i Undersea Military Munitions Assessment (HUMMA) project FX This paper is dedicated to Dr. Lucius Eldredge, who provided funding for my first visit to the Bernice P. Bishop Museum (BPBM) in 1994. Dr. Eldredge was a strong supporter of marine invertebrate zoology in the Hawaiian region and supported echinoderm research on several occasions. Christopher Kelley, HURL is graciously thanked for his assistance with video and still images. I'm grateful to Steve Cairns, Dept. of Invertebrate Zoology, NMNH for identification of the corals. I also thank Holly Bolick, Collection Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, BPBM for her assistance with specimen loans and logistics. Partial support for this study was provided by Dr. Margo Edwards and the Hawai'i Undersea Military Munitions Assessment (HUMMA) project. Further thanks to Dr. Craig Young as well as the crews of the Pisces V and the R/V Ka'imikai-o-Kanaloa for their assistance in collecting specimens and obtaining video. The manuscript was greatly improved thanks to reviews by Loic Villier, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie and Marc Eleaume, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 5 PY 2015 VL 3926 IS 2 BP 211 EP 228 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.2.3 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CC4VY UT WOS:000350353900003 PM 25781779 ER PT J AU Launius, RD AF Launius, Roger D. TI SPACE SCIENCE Beyond the heliopause SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Launius, RD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM launiusr@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 5 PY 2015 VL 519 IS 7541 BP 30 EP 31 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CC4EQ UT WOS:000350304000017 ER PT J AU Ord, SM Crosse, B Emrich, D Pallot, D Wayth, RB Clark, MA Tremblay, SE Arcus, W Barnes, D Bell, M Bernardi, G Bhat, NDR Bowman, JD Briggs, F Bunton, JD Cappallo, RJ Corey, BE Deshpande, AA deSouza, L Ewell-Wice, A Feng, L Goeke, R Greenhill, LJ Hazelton, BJ Herne, D Hewitt, JN Hindson, L Hurley-Walker, N Jacobs, D Johnston-Hollitt, M Kaplan, DL Kasper, JC Kincaid, BB Koenig, R Kratzenberg, E Kudryavtseva, N Lenc, E Lonsdale, CJ Lynch, MJ McKinley, B McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Oberoi, D Offringa, A Pathikulangara, J Pindor, B Prabu, T Procopio, P Remillard, RA Riding, J Rogers, AEE Roshi, A Salah, JE Sault, RJ Shankar, NU Srivani, KS Stevens, J Subrahmanyan, R Tingay, SJ Waterson, M Webster, RL Whitney, AR Williams, A Williams, CL Wyithe, JSB AF Ord, S. M. Crosse, B. Emrich, D. Pallot, D. Wayth, R. B. Clark, M. A. Tremblay, S. E. Arcus, W. Barnes, D. Bell, M. Bernardi, G. Bhat, N. D. R. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Bunton, J. D. Cappallo, R. J. Corey, B. E. Deshpande, A. A. deSouza, L. Ewell-Wice, A. Feng, L. Goeke, R. Greenhill, L. J. Hazelton, B. J. Herne, D. Hewitt, J. N. Hindson, L. Hurley-Walker, N. Jacobs, D. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Kaplan, D. L. Kasper, J. C. Kincaid, B. B. Koenig, R. Kratzenberg, E. Kudryavtseva, N. Lenc, E. Lonsdale, C. J. Lynch, M. J. McKinley, B. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Oberoi, D. Offringa, A. Pathikulangara, J. Pindor, B. Prabu, T. Procopio, P. Remillard, R. A. Riding, J. Rogers, A. E. E. Roshi, A. Salah, J. E. Sault, R. J. Shankar, N. Udaya Srivani, K. S. Stevens, J. Subrahmanyan, R. Tingay, S. J. Waterson, M. Webster, R. L. Whitney, A. R. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. Wyithe, J. S. B. TI The Murchison Widefield Array Correlator SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: interferometers; techniques: interferometric AB The Murchison Widefield Array is a Square Kilometre Array Precursor. The telescope is located at the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory in Western Australia. The MWA consists of 4 096 dipoles arranged into 128 dual polarisation aperture arrays forming a connected element interferometer that cross-correlates signals from all 256 inputs. A hybrid approach to the correlation task is employed, with some processing stages being performed by bespoke hardware, based on Field Programmable Gate Arrays, and others by Graphics Processing Units housed in general purpose rack mounted servers. The correlation capability required is approximately 8 tera floating point operations per second. The MWA has commenced operations and the correlator is generating 8.3 TB day(-1) of correlation products, that are subsequently transferred 700 km from the MRO to Perth (WA) in real-time for storage and offline processing. In this paper, we outline the correlator design, signal path, and processing elements and present the data format for the internal and external interfaces. C1 [Ord, S. M.; Crosse, B.; Emrich, D.; Pallot, D.; Wayth, R. B.; Tremblay, S. E.; Arcus, W.; Bhat, N. D. R.; Herne, D.; Hurley-Walker, N.; Kudryavtseva, N.; Lynch, M. J.; Tingay, S. J.; Waterson, M.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Ord, S. M.; Wayth, R. B.; Tremblay, S. E.; Lenc, E.; Mitchell, D. A.; Offringa, A.; Tingay, S. J.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Clark, M. A.] NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA USA. [Clark, M. A.; Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.; Kasper, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Clark, M. A.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Barnes, D.] Monash Univ, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. [Bell, M.; deSouza, L.; Lenc, E.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, Cape Town, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bowman, J. D.; Jacobs, D.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. [Briggs, F.; McKinley, B.; Offringa, A.; Waterson, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Bunton, J. D.; deSouza, L.; Koenig, R.; Mitchell, D. A.; Pathikulangara, J.; Stevens, J.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Marsfield, NSW, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Corey, B. E.; Kincaid, B. B.; Kratzenberg, E.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.; Rogers, A. E. E.; Salah, J. E.; Whitney, A. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Deshpande, A. A.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Ewell-Wice, A.; Feng, L.; Goeke, R.; Hewitt, J. N.; Morgan, E.; Remillard, R. A.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hindson, L.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Kasper, J. C.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Oberoi, D.] Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Pindor, B.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Sault, R. J.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Roshi, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Ord, SM (reprint author), Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. EM stephen.ord@curtin.edu.au RI Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Bunton, John/A-4944-2008; Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/B-9520-2013; Emrich, David/B-7002-2013; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/0000-0002-5119-4808; Emrich, David/0000-0002-4058-1837; M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; Wyithe, Stuart/0000-0001-7956-9758; Lenc, Emil/0000-0002-9994-1593; Kudryavtseva, Nadia/0000-0002-1372-0942 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST CAREER-0847753, AST-0457585, AST-0908884, PHY-0835713]; Australian Research Council [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development [MED-E1799]; IBM Shared University Research Grant (via VUW); Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington; Australian Federal government via the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy,; Australian Federal government via Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; iVEC Petabyte Data Store; Initiative in Innovative Computing; Western Australian State government; Australian Federal government via Education Investment Fund; NVIDIA - CUDA Center for Excellence at Harvard; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research; Joint Venture of Curtin University; University of WA; IBM Shared University Research Grant (via Curtin) FX We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Initial correlator development was enabled by equipment supplied by an IBM Shared University Research Grant (VUW & Curtin University), and by an Internal Research and Development Grant from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.; Support for the MWA comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants AST CAREER-0847753, AST-0457585, AST-0908884 and PHY-0835713), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020), New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development (grant MED-E1799), an IBM Shared University Research Grant (via VUW & Curtin), the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, the Victoria University of Wellington, the Australian Federal government via the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University, the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and NVIDIA sponsored CUDA Center for Excellence at Harvard, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of WA, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1323-3580 EI 1448-6083 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 32 AR e006 DI 10.1017/pasa.2015.5 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7TV UT WOS:000353509100001 ER PT J AU Pritchard, AC Turner, AH Nesbitt, SJ Irmis, RB Smith, ND AF Pritchard, Adam C. Turner, Alan H. Nesbitt, Sterling J. Irmis, Randall B. Smith, Nathan D. TI Late Triassic tanystropheids (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) from northern New Mexico (Petrified Forest Member, Chinle Formation) and the biogeography, functional morphology, and evolution of Tanystropheidae SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSTCRANIAL SKELETON; PROLACERTIFORM REPTILE; VERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGE; SOUTHWESTERN CHINA; COELOPHYSIS QUARRY; POST QUARRY; GHOST RANCH; DIAPSIDA; PROTOROSAURIA; OSTEOLOGY AB We report on tanystropheids from the Late Triassic (middle Norian) Hayden Quarry of northern New Mexico (Chinle Formation, Hayden Quarry). These elements, consisting of isolated vertebrae and appendicular bones, represent the first unambiguously identified tanystropheid from western North America and likely the latest occurrence of the group, postdating Tanytrachelos in the eastern United States. A new phylogenetic analysis of early saurians identifies synapomorphies of tanystropheid subclades, which are recognized in the recovered vertebrae and a calcaneum. The femora are consistent with referral to Tanystropheidae. There is no clear association of the remains, however, so we refrain from erecting a new taxon. The analysis also indicates that the Hayden Quarry tanystropheid fossils belong to a newly recognized clade including the Late Triassic taxa Langobardisaurus and Tanytrachelos. Because most tanystropheid specimens are two-dimensionally crushed skeletons, the Hayden Quarry tanystropheid fossils provide valuable insights into the three-dimensional osteology of derived tanystropheids. The most striking feature of the Hayden vertebrae is a rugose, flattened expansion of the neural spines in the dorsal, sacral, and caudal regions, probably linked to a ligamentous bracing system. These fossils and others from Late Triassic sites in the American West suggest that tanystropheids underwent a previously unrecognized radiation in North America just prior to their extinction. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA-Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP C1 [Pritchard, Adam C.; Turner, Alan H.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Nesbitt, Sterling J.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Geol, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Nesbitt, Sterling J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24601 USA. [Irmis, Randall B.] Nat Hist Museum Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Irmis, Randall B.] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Smith, Nathan D.] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Smith, Nathan D.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Pritchard, AC (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM adam.pritchard@stonybrook.edu; alan.turner@stonybrook.edu; sjn2104@gmail.com; irmis@umnh.utah.edu; nathan.smith@howard.edu FU Research Foundation of New York; Sigma Xi; US National Science Foundation [EAR 1349650, 1349554, 1349667, 1349654] FX The material described herein was discovered by numerous volunteers and students over the past 6years, and was expertly prepared by Stony Brook University preparator V. Heisey. We thank the Ghost Ranch Conference Center for the continued support of our field work at Hayden Quarry. We thank numerous museum curators and staff for their assistance: A. Bhart-Bhullar, F. Jenkins, and J. Cundiff (MCZ); M. Brett-Surman (USNM); C. Dal-Sasso (MCSN); A. Downs (GR); C. Mehling (AMNH); L. Murray and J. C. Sagebiel (TMM); G. Muscio and L. Simonetto (MFSN); C. Norris and D. Brinkman (YPM); A. Dooley and N. Fraser (VMNH); A. Paganoni (MCSNB); D.-Y. Jiang (GMPKU); and L. Steel (NHMUK). We thank P. Nicodemo for assistance regarding soft tissue morphology in snakes, S. Hoffman for assistance with translation, S. Burch for assistance with figure development, and J. Nestler for assistance with photography. Comments and discussion from editor S. Modesto and reviewers S. Renesto, D. Dilkes, and N. Fraser greatly improved the manuscript. This work was funded by the Research Foundation of New York (to ACP), and a Sigma Xi Grant in Aid of Research (to ACP), and by the US National Science Foundation (EAR 1349650, 1349554, 1349667, and 1349654 to RBI, NDS, SJN, and AHT). NR 132 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-4634 EI 1937-2809 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 35 IS 2 DI 10.1080/02724634.2014.911186 PG 20 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CF5XD UT WOS:000352629700012 ER PT J AU Vallejo-Pareja, MC Carrillo, JD Moreno-Bernal, JW Pardo-Jaramillo, M Rodriguez-Gonzalez, DF Munoz-Duran, J AF Vallejo-Pareja, M. C. Carrillo, J. D. Moreno-Bernal, J. W. Pardo-Jaramillo, M. Rodriguez-Gonzalez, D. F. Munoz-Duran, J. TI Hilarcotherium castanedaii, gen. et sp. nov., a new Miocene astrapothere (Mammalia, Astrapotheriidae) from the Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN SOUTH-AMERICA; PATAGONIA AB Astrapotheria is an order of extinct South American herbivores recorded throughout the continent, from the late Paleocene to middle Miocene. Here we describe Hilarcotherium castanedaii, gen. et sp. nov., an Uruguaytheriinae astrapothere from sediments of La Victoria Formation (middle Miocene) in the Tolima Department, Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia. H. castanedaii, represented by a partial skull, mandible, and some postcranial remains, is characterized by (1) unique dental formula, with 0/3i, 1/1c, 1/1p, and 3/3 m; and (2) lower canines with subtriangular transverse section at the base. Hilarcotherium differs from the equatorial Uruguaytheriinae genera Xenastrapotherium and Granastrapotherium in (1) having three lower incisors; (2) the diagonal implantation of the lower canines; (3) lower molars with lingual cingulid; (4) the presence of the hypocone in the third upper molar; and (5) the presence of an anterolingual pocket in the fourth upper premolar. Our phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of the subfamilies Astrapotheriinae and Uruguaytheriinae. Within the latter, we confirm the monophyly of the neotropical clade (Hilarcotherium, Xenastrapotherium, and Granastrapotherium). H. castanedaii shows some plesiomorphic features such as the aforementioned presence of the i3 and the developed hypocone in the last upper molar. Its estimated body mass (1303kg) is intermediate among Astrapotheriidae. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:82377B38-8B39-4D71-9117-FD17CB329238 SUPPLEMENTAL DATA-Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at [GRAPHICS] C1 [Vallejo-Pareja, M. C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Carrillo, J. D.] Univ Zurich, Palaontol Inst & Museum, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Moreno-Bernal, J. W.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Moreno-Bernal, J. W.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska State Museum Nat Hist, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Pardo-Jaramillo, M.] Serv Geol Colombiano, Museo Geol Nacl Jose Royo y Gomez, Bogota, Colombia. [Rodriguez-Gonzalez, D. F.; Munoz-Duran, J.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Biol, Bogota, Colombia. RP Vallejo-Pareja, MC (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM vacama@gmail.com; juan.carrillo@pim.uzh.ch; jwmorenob@huskers.unl.edu; mpardo@sgc.gov.co; dfrodriguezgo@unal.edu.co; jvmunozd@unal.edu.co OI Carrillo, Juan D./0000-0003-2475-3341 NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-4634 EI 1937-2809 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 35 IS 2 DI 10.1080/02724634.2014.903960 PG 8 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CF5XD UT WOS:000352629700003 ER PT J AU Menezes, RST Brady, SG Carvalho, AF Del Lama, MA Costa, MA AF Telles Menezes, Rodolpho Santos Brady, Sean Gary Carvalho, Antonio Freire Del Lama, Marco Antonio Costa, Marco Antonio TI Molecular Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of the Neotropical Swarm-Founding Social Wasp Genus Synoeca (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SAUSSURE HYMENOPTERA; NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL; CYANEA HYMENOPTERA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ATLANTIC FOREST; BIODIVERSITY; EPIPONINI; CHARACTERS; POLISTINAE; EVOLUTION AB The Neotropical Region harbors high biodiversity and many studies on mammals, reptiles, amphibians and avifauna have investigated the causes for this pattern. However, there is a paucity of such studies that focus on Neotropical insect groups. Synoeca de Saussure, 1852 is a Neotropical swarm-founding social wasp genus with five described species that is broadly and conspicuously distributed throughout the Neotropics. Here, we infer the phylogenetic relationships, diversification times, and historical biogeography of Synoeca species. We also investigate samples of the disjoint populations of S. septentrionalis that occur in both northwestern parts of South America through Central American and the Brazilian Atlantic rainforests. Our results showed that the interspecific relationships for Synoeca could be described as follows: (S. chalibea+S. virginea) + (S. cyanea + (S. septentrionalis/S. surinama)). Notably, samples of S. septentrionalis and S. surinama collected in the Atlantic Forest were interrelated and may be the result of incomplete lineage sorting and/or mitochondrial introgression among them. Our Bayesian divergence dating analysis revealed recent Plio-Pleistocene diversification in Synoeca. Moreover, our biogeographical analysis suggested an Amazonian origin of Synoeca, with three main dispersal events subsequently occurring during the Plio-Pleistocene. C1 [Telles Menezes, Rodolpho Santos; Costa, Marco Antonio] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Ciencias Biol, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil. [Telles Menezes, Rodolpho Santos; Brady, Sean Gary] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Carvalho, Antonio Freire; Del Lama, Marco Antonio] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Menezes, RST (reprint author), Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Ciencias Biol, Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil. EM rodolphostm1@hotmail.com RI Menezes, Rodolpho/B-2952-2014; Costa, Marco/H-8035-2015 OI Menezes, Rodolpho/0000-0002-6612-3543; FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [CNPq - 485276/2012-7]; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz [PROPP UESC - 00220.1100.395]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior "CAPES"; Brazilian Ministry of Education [BEX-12106/13-5]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB) [BOL0494/2011] FX The authors are grateful for financial support from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq - 485276/2012-7) and Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (PROPP UESC - 00220.1100.395). RSTM is thankful to Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior "CAPES"; Brazilian Ministry of Education) for the scholarship BEX-12106/13-5 and to Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB) (BOL0494/2011). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 3 AR e0119151 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0119151 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CC9JM UT WOS:000350685900094 PM 25738705 ER PT J AU Fleming, CH Subasi, Y Calabrese, JM AF Fleming, Chris H. Subasi, Yigit Calabrese, Justin M. TI Maximum-entropy description of animal movement SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-SYSTEMS; BROWNIAN-MOTION; TELEMETRY DATA; SCALES; MODEL AB We introduce a class of maximum-entropy states that naturally includes within it all of the major continuoustime stochastic processes that have been applied to animal movement, including Brownian motion, Ornstein-Uhlenbeck motion, integrated Ornstein-Uhlenbeck motion, a recently discovered hybrid of the previous models, and a new model that describes central-place foraging. We are also able to predict a further hierarchy of new models that will emerge as data quality improves to better resolve the underlying continuity of animal movement. Finally, we also show that Langevin equations must obey a fluctuation-dissipation theorem to generate processes that fall from this class of maximum-entropy distributions when the constraints are purely kinematic. C1 [Fleming, Chris H.; Calabrese, Justin M.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Fleming, Chris H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Subasi, Yigit] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Fleming, CH (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, 1500 Remount Rd,Front Royal, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RI Calabrese, Justin/B-9131-2012; Subasi, Yigit/D-5727-2016 OI Subasi, Yigit/0000-0003-1167-6527 FU US National Science Foundation [ABI 1062411]; Smithsonian Institution postdoctoral fellowship FX C.H.F. and J.M.C. were funded by US National Science Foundation grant ABI 1062411 and C.H.F. was funded by a Smithsonian Institution postdoctoral fellowship. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 EI 1550-2376 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 91 IS 3 AR 032107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.032107 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA CD3JP UT WOS:000350974900001 PM 25871054 ER PT J AU Martins, DL Schietti, J Feldpausch, TR Luizao, FJ Phillips, OL Andrade, A Castilho, CV Laurance, SG Oliveira, A Amaral, IL Toledo, JJ Lugli, LF Pinto, JLPV Mendoza, EMO Quesada, CA AF Martins, Demetrius L. Schietti, Juliana Feldpausch, Ted R. Luizao, Flavio J. Phillips, Oliver L. Andrade, Ana Castilho, Carolina V. Laurance, Susan G. Oliveira, Atila Amaral, Ieda L. Toledo, Jose J. Lugli, Laynara F. Purri Veiga Pinto, Jose Luiz Oblitas Mendoza, Erick M. Quesada, Carlos A. TI Soil-induced impacts on forest structure drive coarse woody debris stocks across central Amazonia SO PLANT ECOLOGY & DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE line intercept sampling; soil physical properties; carbon; vegetation structure; topographic index; anoxia; necromass; tropical forest; effective soil depth; forest dynamics ID RAIN-FOREST; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; LOGGED FORESTS; TREE HEIGHT; BIOMASS; NECROMASS; DEATH; DECOMPOSITION; TRANSECTS; TURNOVER AB Background: Coarse woody debris (CWD) is an essential component in tropical forest ecosystems and its quantity varies widely with forest types. Aims: Relationships among CWD, soil, forest structure and other environmental factors were analysed to understand the drivers of variation in CWD in forests on different soil types across central Amazonia. Methods: To estimate CWD stocks and density of dead wood debris, 75 permanent forest plots of 0.5ha in size were assessed along a transect that spanned ca. 700km in undisturbed forests from north of the Rio Negro to south of the Rio Amazonas. Soil physical properties were evaluated by digging 2-m-deep pits and by taking auger samples. Results: Soil physical properties were the best predictors of CWD stocks; 37% of its variation was explained by effective soil depth. CWD stocks had a two-fold variation across a gradient of physical soil constraints (i.e. effective soil depth, anoxia and soil structure). Average biomass per tree was related to physical soil constraints, which, in turn, had a strong relationship with local CWD stocks. Conclusions: Soil physical properties appear to control average biomass per tree (and through this affect forest structure and dynamics), which, in turn, is correlated with CWD production and stocks. C1 [Martins, Demetrius L.; Schietti, Juliana] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Feldpausch, Ted R.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter, Devon, England. [Luizao, Flavio J.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Coordenacao Pesquisa Dinam Ambiental, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Phillips, Oliver L.; Purri Veiga Pinto, Jose Luiz; Quesada, Carlos A.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Andrade, Ana] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Andrade, Ana] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Castilho, Carolina V.] Brazilian Agr Res Corp EMBRAPA, Ctr Pesquisa Agroflorestal Roraima, Boa Vista, Brazil. [Laurance, Susan G.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Australia. [Oliveira, Atila; Amaral, Ieda L.] Trop Ecol Assessment & Monitoring Network TEAM, Rorainopolis, Brazil. [Toledo, Jose J.] Univ Estadual Roraima, Rorainopolis, Brazil. [Lugli, Laynara F.; Oblitas Mendoza, Erick M.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Florestais, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. RP Martins, DL (reprint author), Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Programa Posgrad Ecol, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. EM emaildemetrius@gmail.com RI Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; Laurance, Susan/G-6021-2011; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; Feldpausch, Ted/D-3436-2009; OI Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933; Feldpausch, Ted/0000-0002-6631-7962; Schietti, Juliana/0000-0002-1687-4373 FU Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through RAINFOR project; European Research Council; Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project (BDFFP-INPA/STRI) [634] FX This contribution is derived from Demetrius L. Martins' M.Sc. thesis, with a fellowship from the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq). Financial support for fieldwork and additional training was received from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through the RAINFOR project. OP is supported by a European Research Council Advanced Grant, and is a Royal Society Wolfson Research Fellow. Logistical support was provided by BDFFP, PPBio and Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Programme in Amazonia (LBA). Part of this manuscript was developed during the 2011 RAINFOR (Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation)-UFAC workshop in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. We thank, Luciano A. Castilho and Aires da S. Lopes for help with field work and Gabriel M. Moulatlet for providing corrected SRTM images for the interfluvial zone. Thaise Emilio helped with map preparation. We also give special thanks to Kuo-Jung Chao, Michael Palace, Michael Keller, Bruce Nelson, Philip Fearnside and Laszlo Nagy for their valuable comments. This is publication number 634 in the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project (BDFFP-INPA/STRI) technical series. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1755-0874 EI 1755-1668 J9 PLANT ECOL DIVERS JI Plant Ecol. Divers. PD MAR 4 PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 BP 229 EP 241 DI 10.1080/17550874.2013.879942 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CB7EM UT WOS:000349789300001 ER PT J AU Offringa, AR Wayth, RB Hurley-Walker, N Kaplan, DL Barry, N Beardsley, AP Bell, ME Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Callingham, JR Cappallo, RJ Carroll, P Deshpande, AA Dillon, JS Dwarakanath, KS Ewall-Wice, A Feng, L For, BQ Gaensler, BM Greenhill, LJ Hancock, P Hazelton, BJ Hewitt, JN Hindson, L Jacobs, DC Johnston-Hollitt, M Kapinska, AD Kim, HS Kittiwisit, P Lenc, E Line, J Loeb, A Lonsdale, CJ McKinley, B McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Morgan, J Neben, AR Oberoi, D Ord, SM Paul, S Pindor, B Pober, JC Prabu, T Procopio, P Riding, J Shankar, NU Sethi, S Srivani, KS Staveley-Smith, L Subrahmanyan, R Sullivan, IS Tegmark, M Thyagarajan, N Tingay, SJ Trott, CM Webster, RL Williams, A Williams, CL Wu, C Wyithe, JS Zheng, Q AF Offringa, A. R. Wayth, R. B. Hurley-Walker, N. Kaplan, D. L. Barry, N. Beardsley, A. P. Bell, M. E. Bernardi, G. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Callingham, J. R. Cappallo, R. J. Carroll, P. Deshpande, A. A. Dillon, J. S. Dwarakanath, K. S. Ewall-Wice, A. Feng, L. For, B. -Q. Gaensler, B. M. Greenhill, L. J. Hancock, P. Hazelton, B. J. Hewitt, J. N. Hindson, L. Jacobs, D. C. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Kapinska, A. D. Kim, H. -S. Kittiwisit, P. Lenc, E. Line, J. Loeb, A. Lonsdale, C. J. McKinley, B. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Morgan, J. Neben, A. R. Oberoi, D. Ord, S. M. Paul, S. Pindor, B. Pober, J. C. Prabu, T. Procopio, P. Riding, J. Shankar, N. Udaya Sethi, S. Srivani, K. S. Staveley-Smith, L. Subrahmanyan, R. Sullivan, I. S. Tegmark, M. Thyagarajan, N. Tingay, S. J. Trott, C. M. Webster, R. L. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. Wu, C. Wyithe, J. S. Zheng, Q. TI The Low-Frequency Environment of the Murchison Widefield Array: Radio-Frequency Interference Analysis and Mitigation SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: interferometers; methods: observational; radio continuum: general; techniques: interferometric ID RADIO; CALIBRATION; EMISSION AB The Murchison Widefield Array is a new low-frequency interferometric radio telescope built in Western Australia at one of the locations of the future Square Kilometre Array. We describe the automated radio-frequency interference detection strategy implemented for the Murchison Widefield Array, which is based on the AOFLAGGER platform, and present 72-231 MHz radio-frequency interference statistics from 10 observing nights. Radio-frequency interference detection removes 1.1% of the data. Radio-frequency interference from digital TV is observed 3% of the time due to occasional ionospheric or atmospheric propagation. After radio-frequency interference detection and excision, almost all data can be calibrated and imaged without further radio-frequency interference mitigation efforts, including observations within the FM and digital TV bands. The results are compared to a previously published Low-Frequency Array radio-frequency interference survey. The remote location of the Murchison Widefield Array results in a substantially cleaner radio-frequency interference environment compared to Low-Frequency Array's radio environment, but adequate detection of radio-frequency interference is still required before data can be analysed. We include specific recommendations designed to make the Square Kilometre Array more robust to radio-frequency interference, including: the availability of sufficient computing power for radio-frequency interference detection; accounting for radio-frequency interference in the receiver design; a smooth band-pass response; and the capability of radio-frequency interference detection at high time and frequency resolution (second and kHz-scale respectively). C1 [Offringa, A. R.; Briggs, F.; McKinley, B.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Offringa, A. R.; Wayth, R. B.; Bell, M. E.; Briggs, F.; Callingham, J. R.; Gaensler, B. M.; Hancock, P.; Kapinska, A. D.; Kim, H. -S.; Lenc, E.; Line, J.; McKinley, B.; Mitchell, D. A.; Ord, S. M.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Offringa, A. R.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Wayth, R. B.; Hurley-Walker, N.; Hancock, P.; Morgan, E.; Ord, S. M.; Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Barry, N.; Beardsley, A. P.; Carroll, P.; Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.; Pober, J. C.; Sullivan, I. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bell, M. E.; Mitchell, D. A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Marsfield, NSW 2122, Australia. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bowman, J. D.; Jacobs, D. C.; Kittiwisit, P.; Thyagarajan, N.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Callingham, J. R.; Lenc, E.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Deshpande, A. A.; Dwarakanath, K. S.; Paul, S.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Sethi, S.; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Dillon, J. S.; Ewall-Wice, A.; Feng, L.; Hewitt, J. N.; Morgan, E.; Neben, A. R.; Tegmark, M.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [For, B. -Q.; Kapinska, A. D.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Wu, C.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Hindson, L.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.; Zheng, Q.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Kim, H. -S.; Line, J.; McKinley, B.; Riding, J.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. RP Offringa, AR (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. EM offringa@gmail.com RI Williams, Andrew/K-2931-2013; M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Dwarakanath, K /D-4876-2012; Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Trott, Cathryn/B-5325-2013; Sethi, Shiv/D-4893-2012; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/B-9520-2013; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; Staveley-Smith, Lister/A-1683-2011; OI Williams, Andrew/0000-0001-9080-0105; M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; KIM, HANSIK/0000-0002-5507-5769; Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Trott, Cathryn/0000-0001-6324-1766; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/0000-0002-5119-4808; Wyithe, Stuart/0000-0001-7956-9758; Staveley-Smith, Lister/0000-0002-8057-0294; /0000-0002-0086-7363; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558; Lenc, Emil/0000-0002-9994-1593; Callingham, Joseph/0000-0002-7167-1819; Hancock, Paul/0000-0002-4203-2946 FU Australian Commonwealth Government FX This scientific work makes use of the NCI National Facility in Canberra, Australia, which is supported by the Australian Commonwealth Government. This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radioastronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the U. S. National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government *** provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1323-3580 EI 1448-6083 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. PD MAR 3 PY 2015 VL 32 AR UNSP e008 DI 10.1017/pasa.2015.7 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CC7XQ UT WOS:000350582300001 ER PT J AU Souto, J Kaufmann, MJ Canning-Clode, J AF Souto, Javier Kaufmann, Manfred J. Canning-Clode, Joao TI New species and new records of bryozoans from shallow waters of Madeira Island SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Bryozoa; Madeira; Beania; Favosipora; Hippoporella; Rhynchozoon; new species; taxonomy ID EASTERN ATLANTIC; BEANIA JOHNSTON; CHEILOSTOMATA; TAXONOMY AB Two new species of bryozoans encrusting subtidal rocks are described from the shallow waters of Madeira Island. We describe one cyclostome, Favosipora purpurea sp. nov., which represents the first record of this genus in the Atlantic Ocean, and one cheilostome, Rhynchozoon papuliferum sp. nov. In addition, one species, Beania maxilladentata, is recorded for the first time outside of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Six other species previously recorded in Madeira are redescribed to provide new data and SEM images. C1 [Souto, Javier] Univ Vienna, Inst Palaontol Geozentrum, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Souto, Javier] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Zool & Antropol Fis, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Kaufmann, Manfred J.] Univ Madeira, Ctr Life Sci, Marine Biol Stn Funchal, P-9000107 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. [Kaufmann, Manfred J.] Univ Porto, CIIMAR CIMAR Interdisciplinary Ctr Marine & En, P-4050123 Oporto, Portugal. [Kaufmann, Manfred J.] CIIMAR Madeira Interdisciplinary Ctr Marine & Env, P-9020105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Estacao Biol Marinha Funchal, P-9000107 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Univ Azores, Ctr IMAR, Dept Oceanog & Fisheries, P-9901862 Horta, Azores, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Souto, J (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Inst Palaontol Geozentrum, Althanstra 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. EM javier.souto@usc.es RI Souto, Javier /D-2588-2014; OI Canning Clode, Joao/0000-0003-2143-6535; Kaufmann, Manfred/0000-0001-6213-3229 FU Austrian FWF (Lise Meitner Program) [M1444-B25]; FCT Investigator Programme [IF/01606/2014] FX We are grateful to Oscar Reverter-Gil, Paul Taylor and Linda McCann for helpful comments on an earlier version of this work. We also thank Kate Sherburn (MM) for the loan of material from the Waters collection and Filipe Henriques for assistance during SCUBA diving. Funding for J. Souto was provided by the Austrian FWF (Lise Meitner Program No M1444-B25). J. Canning-Clode was supported by a starting grant in the framework of the 2014 FCT Investigator Programme (IF/01606/2014). This is contribution number 27 of the Marine Biology Station of Funchal. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAR 3 PY 2015 VL 3925 IS 4 BP 581 EP 593 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.4.7 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CC4VM UT WOS:000350352500007 PM 25781763 ER PT J AU O'Farrell, S Harborne, AR Bozec, YM Luckhurst, BE Mumby, PJ AF O'Farrell, Shay Harborne, Alastair R. Bozec, Yves-Marie Luckhurst, Brian E. Mumby, Peter J. TI Protection of functionally important parrotfishes increases their biomass but fails to deliver enhanced recruitment SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Aulostomus maculatus; Coral reefs; Fisheries; Fish traps; Population regulation; Post-settlement mortality; Prey enrichment; Stock recruitment; Trumpetfish ID CORAL-REEF; POPULATION REGULATION; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; TROPHIC CASCADES; FISH COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; PREDATORS; FISHERIES; HABITATS; BELIZE AB Burgeoning threats to coral reefs have prompted calls for management actions that can enhance ecosystem resilience, such as restoring herbivore populations whose grazing is critical to maintaining ecological function. However, lack of longitudinal datasets has hindered objective assessment of strategies aimed at recovering herbivory. Addressing this gap, we investigated the response of the Bermuda fish assemblage to a trapping ban that amounted to de facto protection of herbivorous parrotfishes (Scaridae). Hook-and-line fishing for piscivores continued during the ban, creating a natural experiment that freed scarids from both fishing mortality and adult-stage predation. Over the 9 yr study period, biomass of piscivores remained low because of the hook-and-line fishery, with the exception of trumpetfish Aulostomus maculatus whose biomass increased more than 6-fold. Although scarid post-recruit biomass increased by a factor of 3.7, there was no increase in recruits (<5 cm), contrary to our expectation of observing a stock-recruitment relationship (SRR) in a demographically closed system such as Bermuda. Although the unavoidable lack of a before-after-control-impact design in our study precludes making strong mechanistic inferences, we hypothesize that the observed increase in scarid biomass may indeed have driven a commensurate increase in larval settlement within this closed system, but density of settlers was subsequently regulated by A. maculatus, a predator of small fish that was free to respond to prey enrichment owing to the absence of large predators. Our results provide compelling evidence that scarid populations can rapidly recover from overfishing once protected, even if any SRR is decoupled. C1 [O'Farrell, Shay; Bozec, Yves-Marie; Mumby, Peter J.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4QD, Devon, England. [O'Farrell, Shay; Harborne, Alastair R.; Bozec, Yves-Marie; Mumby, Peter J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [O'Farrell, Shay] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Harborne, Alastair R.; Mumby, Peter J.] Univ Queensland, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP O'Farrell, S (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QD, Devon, England. EM shay.ofarrell.ac@gmail.com RI Harborne, Alastair/F-6155-2013; OI Harborne, Alastair/0000-0002-6818-8615; Bozec, Yves-Marie/0000-0002-7190-5187 FU UK Natural Environment Research Council; Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas); ARC DECRA fellowship [DE120102459] FX We thank Iliana Chollett Ordaz for assistance with figures and the UK Natural Environment Research Council and the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) for research funding (S.O'F.). This is Smithsonian Contribution #982. A.R.H. was funded by ARC DECRA fellowship DE120102459. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 16 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD MAR 2 PY 2015 VL 522 BP 245 EP 254 DI 10.3354/meps11134 PG 10 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CC9DK UT WOS:000350667800018 ER PT J AU Deutsch, JI Karpa, AM AF Deutsch, James I. Karpa, Alexandra M. TI The Painted Screens of Baltimore: An Urban Folk Art Revealed SO WESTERN FOLKLORE LA English DT Book Review C1 [Deutsch, James I.; Karpa, Alexandra M.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Deutsch, JI (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CALIFORNIA FOLKLORE SOC PI POMONA PA WESTERN FOLKLORE DEPT OF ENGL/FOREIGN LANGUAGES 3801 W.TEMPLE AVENUE, POMONA, CA 91768-4010 USA SN 0043-373X J9 WESTERN FOLKLORE JI West. Folk. PD SPR PY 2015 VL 74 IS 2 BP 218 EP 220 PG 3 WC Folklore SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA CV9JW UT WOS:000364604500006 ER PT J AU Camelio, G Lombardi, M AF Camelio, Giovanni Lombardi, Marco TI On the origin of intrinsic alignment in cosmic shear measurements: an analytic argument SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: weak; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: halos ID WEAK-LENSING SURVEYS; RELAXED STELLAR-SYSTEMS; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; TIDAL FIELD; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; ACS SURVEY; CLUSTERS; CONTAMINATION; SIMULATIONS AB Galaxy intrinsic alignment can be a severe source of error in weak-lensing studies. The problem has been widely studied by numerical simulations and with heuristic models, but without a clear theoretical justification of its origin and amplitude. In particular, it is still unclear whether intrinsic alignment of galaxies is dominated by formation and accretion processes or by the effects of the instantaneous tidal field acting upon them. We investigate this question by developing a simple model of intrinsic alignment for elliptical galaxies, based on the instantaneous tidal field. Making use of the galaxy stellar distribution function, we estimate the intrinsic alignment signal and find that although it has the expected dependence on the tidal field, it is too weak to account for the observed signal. This is an indirect validation of the standard view that intrinsic alignment is caused by formation and/or accretion processes. C1 [Camelio, Giovanni; Lombardi, Marco] Univ Milan, Dept Phys, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Camelio, Giovanni] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Lombardi, Marco] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Camelio, G (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Phys, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM giovanni.camelio@roma1.infn.it OI LOMBARDI, MARCO/0000-0002-3336-4965 FU Malegori's family ("Franca Erba" scholarship); BCC Carugate e Inzago Bank ("Gildo Vinco" award) FX We wish to thank Giuseppe Bertin and Benjamin Joachimi for invaluable suggestions and very useful discussions, which significantly improved the paper. We also thank the anonymous referee for his or her helpful suggestions concerning the presentation of this paper. G.C. thanks Malegori's family ("Franca Erba" scholarship) and BCC Carugate e Inzago Bank ("Gildo Vinco" award) for supporting his studies. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 575 AR A113 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425016 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CQ6JK UT WOS:000360710400014 ER PT J AU Massaro, F Landoni, M D'Abrusco, R Milisavljevic, D Paggi, A Masetti, N Smith, HA Tosti, G AF Massaro, F. Landoni, M. D'Abrusco, R. Milisavljevic, D. Paggi, A. Masetti, N. Smith, H. A. Tosti, G. TI Optical spectroscopic observations of gamma-ray blazar candidates II. The 2013 KPNO campaign in the northern hemisphere SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: general; gamma rays: galaxies ID BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; FERMI UNASSOCIATED SOURCES; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; FREQUENCY SKY SURVEY; RADIO-SOURCES; SPECTRUM SOURCES; 1ST SURVEY; SAMPLE AB Context. We recently started a systematic search of low-energy counterparts of the unidentified gamma-ray sources (UGSs) listed in the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) First Source Catalog (1FGL) and the Fermi-LAT 2-Year Source Catalog (2FGL). Aims. The main goal of our investigation is to find active galaxies belonging to the blazar class that lie within the positional uncertainty region of the UGSs and thus could be their potential low-energy counterparts. Methods. To achieve our aims, we first adopted several procedures based on the peculiar observational properties of blazars in the radio and in the IR. Then we carried out a follow-up spectroscopic campaign in the optical band to verify the nature of the candidates selected as potential counterparts of the UGSs. Here we present the results of the observations carried out in 2013 in the northern hemisphere at Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO). Optical spectroscopy is crucial to confirm the nature of the sources and can be used to estimate their redshifts; it will also allow us to test the robustness of our methods when the whole campaign is completed. Results. Here we present the optical spectroscopic observations of 39 sources. Within our sample we found that 6 sources are blazars, candidates to be low-energy counterparts of the UGSs listed in the 2FGL. We confirm that an additional 8 sources, previously classified as active galaxies of uncertain type and associated in the 2FGL, are also all BL Lac objects. Moreover, we also present 20 new spectra for known blazars listed in the Multi-frequency Catalogue of Blazars as having an uncertain redshift and/or being classified as BL Lac candidates. Conclusions. We conclude that our methods for selecting gamma-ray blazar candidates allows us to discover new blazars and increase the list of potential low-energy counterparts for the Fermi UGSs. C1 [Massaro, F.] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Massaro, F.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Landoni, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [D'Abrusco, R.; Milisavljevic, D.; Paggi, A.; Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Masetti, N.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. RP Massaro, F (reprint author), Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. EM f.massaro@unito.it RI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/L-2767-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Paggi, Alessandro/C-1219-2017 OI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Paggi, Alessandro/0000-0002-5646-2410 FU NASA [NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G]; NASA/JPL grant [RSA 1369566]; ASI/INAF [I/005/12/0]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; US Department of Energy; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX We thank the referee Y. Tanaka for useful comments that led to improvements in the paper. We are grateful to D. Hammer for her help to schedule, prepare, and perform the KPNO observations. This investigation is supported by the NASA grants NNX12AO97G and NNX13AP20G. H. A. Smith acknowledges partial support from NASA/JPL grant RSA 1369566. The work by G. Tosti is supported by the ASI/INAF contract I/005/12/0. part of this work is based on archival data, software or on-line services provided by the ASI Science Data Center. This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Part of this work is based on the NVSS (NRAO VLA Sky Survey): The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation and on the VLA low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS). The Molonglo Observatory site manager, Duncan Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, Jeff Webb, Michael White and John Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing programme of SUMSS. The SUMSS survey is dedicated to Michael Large whose expertise and vision made the project possible. The MOST is operated by the School of Physics with the support of the Australian Research Council and the Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the USNOFS Image and Catalogue Archive operated by the United States Naval Observatory, Flagstaff Station (http://www.nofs.navy.mil/data/fchpix/). Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions.; The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. The WENSS project was a collaboration between the Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy and the Leiden Observatory. We acknowledge the WENSS team consisted of Ger de Bruyn, Yuan Tang, Roeland Rengelink, George Miley, Huub Rottgering, Malcolm Bremer, Martin Bremer, Wim Brouw, Ernst Raimond and David Fullagar for the extensive work aimed at producing the WENSS catalog. TOPCAT8 (Taylor 2005) for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. The Aladin Java applet9 was used to create the finding charts reported in this paper (Bonnarell et al. 2000). It can be started from the CDS (Strasbourg - France), from the CFA (Harvard USA), from the ADAC (Tokyo - Japan), from the IUCAA (Pune - India), from the UKADC (Cambridge - UK), or from the CADC (Victoria - Canada). NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 575 AR A124 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425119 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CQ6JK UT WOS:000360710400025 ER PT J AU Sozzetti, A Bonomo, AS Biazzo, K Mancini, L Damasso, M Desidera, S Gratton, R Lanza, AF Poretti, E Rainer, M Malavolta, L Affer, L Barbieri, M Bedin, LR Boccato, C Bonavita, M Borsa, F Ciceri, S Claudi, RU Gandolfi, D Giacobbe, P Henning, T Knapic, C Latham, DW Lodato, G Maggio, A Maldonado, J Marzari, F Fiorenzano, AFM Micela, G Molinari, E Mordasini, C Nascimbeni, V Pagano, I Pedani, M Pepe, F Piotto, G Santos, N Scandariato, G Shkolnik, E Southworth, J AF Sozzetti, A. Bonomo, A. S. Biazzo, K. Mancini, L. Damasso, M. Desidera, S. Gratton, R. Lanza, A. F. Poretti, E. Rainer, M. Malavolta, L. Affer, L. Barbieri, M. Bedin, L. R. Boccato, C. Bonavita, M. Borsa, F. Ciceri, S. Claudi, R. U. Gandolfi, D. Giacobbe, P. Henning, T. Knapic, C. Latham, D. W. Lodato, G. Maggio, A. Maldonado, J. Marzari, F. Martinez Fiorenzano, A. F. Micela, G. Molinari, E. Mordasini, C. Nascimbeni, V. Pagano, I. Pedani, M. Pepe, F. Piotto, G. Santos, N. Scandariato, G. Shkolnik, E. Southworth, J. TI The GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG VI. The curious case of TrES-4b SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: individual: TrES-4b; planetary systems; techniques: radial velocities; techniques: spectroscopic; techniques: photometric ID TRANSITING PLANET SYSTEMS; HIGH-PRECISION PHOTOMETRY; EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS; CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; HOT JUPITERS; ATMOSPHERIC CHARACTERIZATION; ECCENTRIC ORBIT; GIANT PLANETS; LOW-DENSITY; STARS AB We update the TrES-4 system parameters using high-precision HARPS-N radial-velocity measurements and new photometric light curves. A combined spectroscopic and photometric analysis allows us to determine a spectroscopic orbit with a semi-amplitude K = 51 +/- 3 ms(-1). The derived mass of TrES-4b is found to be M-p = 0.49 +/- 0.04 M-Jup, significantly lower than previously reported. Combined with the large radius (R-p = 1.84(-0.09)(+0.08) R-Jup) inferred from our analysis, TrES-4b becomes the transiting hot Jupiter with the second-lowest density known. We discuss several scenarios to explain the puzzling discrepancy in the mass of TrES-4b in the context of the exotic class of highly inflated transiting giant planets. C1 [Sozzetti, A.; Bonomo, A. S.; Damasso, M.; Giacobbe, P.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Biazzo, K.; Lanza, A. F.; Gandolfi, D.; Pagano, I.; Scandariato, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Mancini, L.; Ciceri, S.; Henning, T.; Mordasini, C.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Desidera, S.; Gratton, R.; Malavolta, L.; Barbieri, M.; Bedin, L. R.; Boccato, C.; Bonavita, M.; Claudi, R. U.; Marzari, F.; Nascimbeni, V.; Piotto, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Poretti, E.; Rainer, M.; Borsa, F.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy. [Affer, L.; Maggio, A.; Maldonado, J.; Micela, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Gandolfi, D.] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte Konigstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Knapic, C.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Latham, D. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lodato, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Marzari, F.; Piotto, G.] Univ Padua, Dip Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Martinez Fiorenzano, A. F.; Molinari, E.; Pedani, M.] Fdn Galileo Galilei INAF, Brena Baja 38712, TF, Spain. [Molinari, E.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Pepe, F.] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Santos, N.] Univ Porto, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Santos, N.] Univ Porto, Dept Fis & Astron, Fac Ciencias, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Shkolnik, E.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Southworth, J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. RP Sozzetti, A (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. EM sozzetti@oato.inaf.it RI Maggio, Antonio/P-5700-2015; Pagano, Isabella/I-6934-2015; OI Sozzetti, Alessandro/0000-0002-7504-365X; Gratton, Raffaele/0000-0003-2195-6805; bedin, luigi/0000-0003-4080-6466; Lanza, Antonino Francesco/0000-0001-5928-7251; Gandolfi, Davide/0000-0001-8627-9628; Piotto, Giampaolo/0000-0002-9937-6387; Maggio, Antonio/0000-0001-5154-6108; Pagano, Isabella/0000-0001-9573-4928; Biazzo, Katia/0000-0002-1892-2180; Knapic, Cristina/0000-0002-4752-6777; Boccato, Caterina/0000-0002-6177-9703; Micela, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9900-4751; Barbieri, Mauro/0000-0001-8362-3462; Desidera, Silvano/0000-0001-8613-2589; Molinari, Emilio/0000-0002-1742-7735 FU INAF through the "Progetti Premiali" funding scheme of the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research; Italian Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universita e Ricerca (MIUR) within the Piano Operativo Nazionale Ricerca Scientifica, Sviluppo Tecnologico, Alta Formazione [PON 2000-2006]; ERC/EC under the FP7 through Starting Grant [239953]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal); POPH/FSE (EC) through FEDER funds in program COMPETE; POPH/FSE (EC) through national funds [RECI/FIS-AST/0176/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027493), RECI/FIS-AST/0163/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027492), IF/00169/2012]; Consorzio COMETA FX The GAPS project in Italy acknowledges support from INAF through the "Progetti Premiali" funding scheme of the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research. We thank the TNG staff for help with the observations. This research has made use of the results produced by the PI2S2 Project managed by the Consorzio COMETA, a co-funded project by the Italian Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universita e Ricerca (MIUR) within the Piano Operativo Nazionale Ricerca Scientifica, Sviluppo Tecnologico, Alta Formazione (PON 2000-2006). N.C.S. acknowledges the support from the ERC/EC under the FP7 through Starting Grant agreement n. 239953, from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal), and POPH/FSE (EC) through FEDER funds in program COMPETE, as well as through and national funds, in the form of grants references RECI/FIS-AST/0176/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027493), RECI/FIS-AST/0163/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027492), and IF/00169/2012. Operations at the Calar Alto telescope are jointly performed by the Max-Planck Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA) and the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC). NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 575 AR L15 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425570 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CQ6JK UT WOS:000360710400032 ER PT J AU Taylor, PM AF Taylor, Paul Michael TI WILLIAM LOUIS ABBOTT IN MADAGASCAR: Revisiting Archival and Museum Resources of a Smithsonian Naturalist from the 1890s SO MUSEUM ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Madagascar; William Louis Abbott; naturalist; ethnographic collections; Smithsonian Institution AB This article introduces an important group of ethnographic, biological, and unpublished archival materials deriving from two expeditions to Madagascar by American naturalist William Louis Abbott (1860-1936). The first was from February to September 1890; the second from January to July 1895 when Abbott rushed back to Madagascar not only to collect for the Smithsonian but also to join the Merina in their unsuccessful war of independence against the encroaching French government. Beyond summarizing localities he visited and the current organization and usefulness of his collections for research, the article attempts to interpret archival records to assess Abbott's collecting focus, biases, and purposes; his perspectives on contemporaneous events in Madagascar; and also the role that " naturalist" collectors such as Abbott played within the history of anthropology and of museums. Ethnographic information is embedded not only within the ethnographic collections but also within associated biological collections and archives. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Taylor, PM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. FU Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Program; Seidell Endowment; Walcott Endowment FX The author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Program and of the Seidell Endowment and the Walcott Endowment for the study of Abbott's archival and ethnographic collections. In addition, the author thanks the anonymous peer reviewers of an earlier version of this article. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0892-8339 EI 1548-1379 J9 MUS ANTHROPOL JI Mus. Anthropol. PD SPR PY 2015 VL 38 IS 1 BP 28 EP 45 DI 10.1111/muan.12071 PG 18 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA CP4FP UT WOS:000359837700004 ER PT J AU Ramirez-Flores, VA Villanueva-Gutierrez, R Roubik, DW Vergara, CH Lara-Rodriguez, N Dattilo, W Ferrer, MEB Rico-Gray, V AF Ramirez-Flores, V. A. Villanueva-Gutierrez, R. Roubik, D. W. Vergara, C. H. Lara-Rodriguez, N. Dattilo, W. Ferrer, M. E. B. Rico-Gray, V. TI Topological Structure of Plant-bee Networks in Four Mexican Environments SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bee; plant; network; endemism; Mexico ID ANIMAL MUTUALISTIC NETWORKS; POLLINATION NETWORKS; COASTAL VERACRUZ; SEED DISPERSAL; BIODIVERSITY; NESTEDNESS; MODULARITY; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY; PATTERNS AB We analyzed the topological structure (e.g., links per species, connectance, core-periphery analyses, specialization, nestedness, modularity) of plant-bee interactions of four areas in Mexico. We used qualitative data (binary networks). Mexico exhibits a complex geography and community variation that can affect bee networks. Network architecture is variable within large spatial scales, thus our results should vary according to site characteristics (La Mancha and Totula in Veracruz, Carrillo Puerto in Quintana Roo, and the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan valley, in Puebla), type of vegetation, endemism, altitude, size of area sampled. Network topology varied among sites, and the presence of nested or modular patterns was analyzed for robustness to simulated species extinctions. The lowest species richness was recorded for the Quintana Roo site (15 plant, 25 bee species), and the highest for the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan valley site (88 plant, 231 bee species). There was a tendency to have more connected networks when species richness was low and networks with greater species richness had a higher number of interactions. The distribution of interactions differed between environments but not due to network size and all were significantly nested. The robustness to cumulative extinctions showed a different pattern at each site; the most robust network was at Carrillo Puerto, which also was the site with less species. Sites with more endemic species (e.g. Tehuacan) had more specialized interactions, and were more susceptible to extinction. C1 [Ramirez-Flores, V. A.; Dattilo, W.; Rico-Gray, V.] Univ Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico. [Villanueva-Gutierrez, R.] Colegio Frontera Sur, ECOSUR Unidad Chetumal, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. [Roubik, D. W.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Vergara, C. H.] Amer Univ, Puebla, Mexico. [Lara-Rodriguez, N.] Univ Alicante, San Vicente Del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain. [Ferrer, M. E. B.] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Rico-Gray, V (reprint author), Univ Veracruzana, Inst Neuroetol, Calle Dr Luis Castelazo S-N, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico. EM vricogray@yahoo.com RI Dattilo, Wesley/A-6371-2012 OI Dattilo, Wesley/0000-0002-4758-4379 FU Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) [H278]; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [2635-PN]; Mexico's Environmental Ministry (SEMARNAT-CONACyT) [2002-C01-0194]; Dean office of Instituto de Investigacion y Posgrado (INIP) at Universidad de las Americas-Puebla FX We wish to thank the following organizations that allowed us to either accomplish field work or support the analyses and writing of this manuscript: Universidad de Alicante (NLR), Universidad Veracruzana (VRG, WD), and the Smithsonian Institution (DWR, RVG). For Tehuacan-Cuicatlan, funding was provided by the Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO, H278 Apoidea (Hymenoptera) del Valle de Zapotitlan de las Salinas, Puebla), and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT, 2635-PN, "Diversidad, fenologia y flora visitada por apoideos del Valle de Zapotitlan de las Salinas, (Puebla)". The study in Totutla was supported by a grant from Mexico's Environmental Ministry (SEMARNAT-CONACyT 2002-C01-0194) to CV. The Dean office of Instituto de Investigacion y Posgrado (INIP) at Universidad de las Americas-Puebla, provided funding and logistic support. We thank Wilberto Colli-Ucan and Margarito Tuz-Novelo for their help in field work in Carrillo Puerto region. For the Totula study we wish to thank Jorge A. Mueller Grohmann for allowing us to work in his property. For the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan study Rhonda and Terry Griswold and Robert W. Brooks participated in the collection of specimens; Mariana Cuautle helped with field work for the entire collecting season of 1996-1997. We thank Terry W. Griswold (Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, USDA/ARS-University of Utah, Logan, Utah), Wallace LaBerge (Illinois Natural History Survey), Michael S. Engel and Robert W. Brooks (Snow Entomological Division, Nat ural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas), and Virginia Melendez (Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan) for bee identification. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU UNIV ESTADUAL FEIRA SANTANA PI FEIRA DE SANTANA PA AV TRANSORDESTINA S N NOVO HORIZONTE, FEIRA DE SANTANA, BAHAI CEP44036-900, BRAZIL SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PD MAR PY 2015 VL 62 IS 1 BP 56 EP 64 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CM4RA UT WOS:000357671200010 ER PT J AU Luque, J Hourdez, S Vinn, O AF Luque, Javier Hourdez, Stephane Vinn, Olev TI A new fossil bristle worm (Annelida: Polychaeta: Aphroditiformia) from the late Cretaceous of tropical America SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID US WESTERN INTERIOR; BURGESS SHALE; BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; PRESERVATION; ORGANISMS; PHYLOGENY; CONIACIAN AB A new species of aphroditiform polychaete, Protopholoe colombiana, is described from the Coniacian of Colombia, South America, increasing the number of species of this genus known from the fossil record to two. This is the first occurrence of fossil soft-bodied polychaetes in the Tropical Americas, and indicates that aphroditiforms were spread worldwide during the Mesozoic. C1 [Luque, Javier] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Luque, Javier] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. [Hourdez, Stephane] CNRS, Stn Biol Roscoff, UMR 7144, F-29682 Roscoff, France. [Hourdez, Stephane] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Stn Biol Roscoff, UMR 7144, F-29682 Roscoff, France. [Vinn, Olev] Univ Tartu, Dept Geol, EE-50411 Tartu, Estonia. RP Luque, J (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. EM luque@ualberta.ca; hourdez@sb-roscoff.fr; olev.vinn@ut.ee OI Luque, Javier/0000-0002-4391-5951 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Sepkoski Grant (Paleontological Society); Estonian Science Foundation grant [ETF9064]; Palaeontological Association Research Grant; Estonian Research Council grant [IUT20-34]; Estonian Ministry of Education and Science [SF0180051s08]; Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada Postgraduate Scholarship (NSERC CGS-D; Canada); NSERC Canada discovery grant [A7245] FX Many thanks to A.R. Palmer (University of Alberta, Canada), C. Jaramillo (STRI, Panama), and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for providing partial facilities and funds for the development of the present research. C. Silva and J. Vanegas for field assistance. M. R. Smith, A. Evans, and D. Saftner (Macroscopic Solutions, LLC, USA) for their valuable help on the photographic process. G. Read (NIWA, New Zealand), T. Hegna (Western Illinois University, USA), and P. Sucerquia (Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil) for valuable discussions and for providing literature items. K. Kerr (STRI, Panama) for improving the manuscript, and F. Etayo-Serna (Colombian Geological Survey) for intellectual support on the fossil mollusks. J. Arenas (Colombian Geological Survey) supplied the export permits. O.V. is indebted to the Sepkoski Grant (Paleontological Society), Estonian Science Foundation grant ETF9064, Palaeontological Association Research Grant, Estonian Research Council grant IUT20-34, and the target-financed projects (from the Estonian Ministry of Education and Science) SF0180051s08. We are very grateful to Kirk Fitzhugh (NHM, USA), an anonymous reviewer, and Journal of Paleontology editor S. Hageman for their constructive comments. This work was supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada Postgraduate Scholarship (NSERC CGS-D; Canada) to J.L. Partial funding for this project was provided by an NSERC Canada discovery grant A7245 to A. Richard Palmer. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3360 EI 1937-2337 J9 J PALEONTOL JI J. Paleontol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 89 IS 2 BP 257 EP 261 DI 10.1017/jpa.2014.22 PG 5 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CK2TJ UT WOS:000356065500005 ER PT J AU Sumrall, CD Zamora, S AF Sumrall, Colin D. Zamora, Samuel TI A columnal-bearing eocrinoid from the Cambrian Burgess Shale (British Columbia, Canada) SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GUIZHOU PROVINCE; SPENCE SHALE; KAILI BIOTA; ECHINODERMS; ECHMATOCRINUS; CHINA; DIVERSIFICATION; HOLOTHURIANS; REVISION; GONDWANA AB A new eocrinoid ?Ubaghsicystis sp. from the middle Cambrian (Series 3, Stage 5) Burgess Shale is reported based on a single known specimen. This species extends the stratigraphic range of columnal-bearing eocrinoids in Laurentia significantly from Cambrian Stage 7 (Guzhangian) to Stage 5. It increases the diversity of echinoderms in this well-known fossil-Lagerstatte, provides the oldest evidence of columnal-bearing eocrinoids from Laurentia, and further documents the cosmopolitan distribution of middle Cambrian echinoderm clades. C1 [Sumrall, Colin D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zamora, Samuel] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Sumrall, CD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM csumrall@utk.edu; s.zamora@igme.es FU Royal Ontario Museum Burgess Shale [29]; Smithsonian Institution; NSF [DEB-1036260] FX We acknowledge the support of the Royal Ontario Museum curatorial staff, especially J.-B. Caron and P. Fenton, and the Royal Ontario Museum Burgess Shale Project no. 29 for collecting the specimen described in this paper. S.Z. was funded by a postdoctoral fellowship at the Smithsonian Institution (Springer fund). Additional funding was provided by NSF DEB-1036260. J.A. Waters of Appalachian State University and B. Lefebvre of the Universite Lyon provided valuable input to improve the manuscript. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3360 EI 1937-2337 J9 J PALEONTOL JI J. Paleontol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 89 IS 2 BP 366 EP 368 DI 10.1017/jpa.2014.54 PG 3 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CK2TJ UT WOS:000356065500015 ER PT J AU Bisson, IA Ssebide, BJ Marra, PP AF Bisson, Isabelle-Anne Ssebide, Benard J. Marra, Peter P. TI Early Detection of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases with Animal Morbidity and Mortality Monitoring SO ECOHEALTH LA English DT Article DE zoonotic diseases; disease detection; disease surveillance; morbidity; mortality ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; EARLY WARNING SYSTEM; NEW-YORK; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; SURVEILLANCE; H5N1; WILDLIFE; ANTHRAX; FRAMEWORK; OUTBREAK AB Diseases transmitted between animals and people have made up more than 50% of emerging infectious diseases in humans over the last 60 years and have continued to arise in recent months. Yet, public health and animal disease surveillance programs continue to operate independently. Here, we assessed whether recent emerging zoonotic pathogens (n = 143) are known to cause morbidity or mortality in their animal host and if so, whether they were first detected with an animal morbidity/mortality event. We show that although sick or dead animals are often associated with these pathogens (52%), only 9% were first detected from an animal morbidity or mortality event prior to or concurrent with signs of illness in humans. We propose that an animal morbidity and mortality reporting program will improve detection and should be an essential component of early warning systems for zoonotic diseases. With the use of widespread low-cost technology, such a program could engage both the public and professionals and be easily tested and further incorporated as part of surveillance efforts by public health officials. C1 [Bisson, Isabelle-Anne; Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ssebide, Benard J.] Mt Gorilla Vet Project, Kampala, Uganda. RP Bisson, IA (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Natl Zool Pk,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM isabelleannebisson@gmail.com FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) FX We thank C. Chapman and A. M. Kilpatrick for valuable comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats program, PREDICT project. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-9202 EI 1612-9210 J9 ECOHEALTH JI EcoHealth PD MAR PY 2015 VL 12 IS 1 BP 98 EP 103 DI 10.1007/s10393-014-0988-x PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CH3EK UT WOS:000353910000010 PM 25361853 ER PT J AU McCarthy, MC Crabtree, KN Martin-Drumel, MA Martinez, O McGuire, BA Gottlieb, CA AF McCarthy, Michael C. Crabtree, Kyle N. Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline Martinez, Oscar, Jr. McGuire, Brett A. Gottlieb, Carl A. TI A LABORATORY STUDY OF C3H+ AND THE C3H RADICAL IN THREE NEW VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED (2)Sigma STATES USING A PIN-HOLE NOZZLE DISCHARGE SOURCE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE ISM: molecules; line: identification; methods: laboratory: molecular; techniques: spectroscopic ID AB-INITIO CALCULATIONS; ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM; ASTRONOMICAL IDENTIFICATION; MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; LINEAR C3H; GAS-PHASE; C6H; TRANSITIONS; MOLECULES AB Rotational lines of the positive molecular ion C3H+ and of the neutral C3H radical in three new vibrationally excited states with (2)Sigma symmetry have been detected in a supersonic molecular beam in the centimeter-wave band. The fundamental rotational line of the ion is quite weak, but is observed with similar intensity in a dc discharge through several different hydrocarbon gases when helium is the buffer gas. Under these conditions, the fractional abundance of C3H+ relative to C3H is estimated to be of order 10(-4), i.e., toward the lower end of the ratio (10(-3)-10(-4)) found for protonated ions using the same discharge nozzle. For each new (2)Sigma state of the C3H radical, spectroscopic constants, including those describing hydrogen hyperfine structure, have been determined to high precision. Lines of one (2)Sigma state (B = 11271 MHz) are particularly intense in our molecular beam; for this state and a second one (B = 11306 MHz), millimeter-wave transitions have also been observed between 180 and 340 GHz using a long path dc glow absorption spectrometer. On the basis of intensity measurements with this spectrometer, the inferred rotation-vibration constant a, and theoretical calculations, the state with B = 11271 MHz is tentatively assigned to the nu(5) bending mode, predicted to lie similar to 300 cm(-1) above ground. C1 [McCarthy, Michael C.; Crabtree, Kyle N.; Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline; Martinez, Oscar, Jr.; Gottlieb, Carl A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [McCarthy, Michael C.; Crabtree, Kyle N.; Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline; Martinez, Oscar, Jr.; Gottlieb, Carl A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [McGuire, Brett A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [McGuire, Brett A.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP McCarthy, MC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NASA [NNX13AE59G]; CfA Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Janksy Fellowship from NRAO FX We thank the anonymous referee for extremely helpful comments regarding how the hydrogen Fermi-contact parameters might be used to support the vibrational assignments, H. Gupta, M. Gerin, S. Thorwirth, and H.S.P. Muller for discussions, and B. Rocher for assistance during initial searches for C3H+ in our laboratory. The experimental work is supported by NASA grant NNX13AE59G. K.N.C. was supported by a CfA Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and B.A.M. is supported by a Janksy Fellowship from NRAO. We also thank E.S. Palmer and P. Antonucci for technical assistance. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 217 IS 1 AR 10 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/217/1/10 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7EY UT WOS:000353466600010 ER PT J AU Rowe, JF Coughlin, JL Antoci, V Barclay, T Batalha, NM Borucki, WJ Burke, CJ Bryson, ST Caldwell, DA Campbell, JR Catanzarite, JH Christiansen, JL Cochran, W Gilliland, RL Girouard, FR Haas, MR Helminiak, KG Henze, CE Hoffman, KL Howell, SB Huber, D Hunter, RC Jang-Condell, H Jenkins, JM Klaus, TC Latham, DW Li, J Lissauer, JJ McCauliff, SD Morris, RL Mullally, F Ofir, A Quarles, B Quintana, E Sabale, A Seader, S Shporer, A Smith, JC Steffen, JH Still, M Tenenbaum, P Thompson, SE Twicken, JD Van Laerhoven, C Wolfgang, A Zamudio, KA AF Rowe, Jason F. Coughlin, Jeffrey L. Antoci, Victoria Barclay, Thomas Batalha, Natalie M. Borucki, William J. Burke, Christopher J. Bryson, Steven T. Caldwell, Douglas A. Campbell, Jennifer R. Catanzarite, Joseph H. Christiansen, Jessie L. Cochran, William Gilliland, Ronald L. Girouard, Forrest R. Haas, Michael R. Helminiak, Krzysztof G. Henze, Christopher E. Hoffman, Kelsey L. Howell, Steve B. Huber, Daniel Hunter, Roger C. Jang-Condell, Hannah Jenkins, Jon M. Klaus, Todd C. Latham, David W. Li, Jie Lissauer, Jack J. McCauliff, Sean D. Morris, Robert L. Mullally, F. Ofir, Aviv Quarles, Billy Quintana, Elisa Sabale, Anima Seader, Shawn Shporer, Avi Smith, Jeffrey C. Steffen, Jason H. Still, Martin Tenenbaum, Peter Thompson, Susan E. Twicken, Joseph D. Van Laerhoven, Christa Wolfgang, Angie Zamudio, Khadeejah A. TI PLANETARY CANDIDATES OBSERVED BY KEPLER. V. PLANET SAMPLE FROM Q1-Q12 (36 MONTHS) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; planets and satellites: fundamental parameters ID TRANSIT TIMING OBSERVATIONS; FALSE-POSITIVE RATE; M-DWARF STARS; ECLIPSING BINARIES; DATA RELEASE; HABITABLE ZONE; LIGHT CURVES; EXOPLANET; II.; SYSTEMS AB The Kepler mission discovered 2842 exoplanet candidates with 2 yr of data. We provide updates to the Kepler planet candidate sample based upon 3 yr (Q1-Q12) of data. Through a series of tests to exclude false-positives, primarily caused by eclipsing binary stars and instrumental systematics, 855 additional planetary candidates have been discovered, bringing the total number known to 3697. We provide revised transit parameters and accompanying posterior distributions based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm for the cumulative catalog of Kepler Objects of Interest. There are now 130 candidates in the cumulative catalog that receive less than twice the flux the Earth receives and more than 1100 have a radius less than 1.5 R-circle plus. There are now a dozen candidates meeting both criteria, roughly doubling the number of candidate Earth analogs. A majority of planetary candidates have a high probability of being bonafide planets, however, there are populations of likely false-positives. We discuss and suggest additional cuts that can be easily applied to the catalog to produce a set of planetary candidates with good fidelity. The full catalog is publicly available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive. C1 [Rowe, Jason F.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Burke, Christopher J.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Catanzarite, Joseph H.; Hoffman, Kelsey L.; Huber, Daniel; Li, Jie; Morris, Robert L.; Seader, Shawn; Smith, Jeffrey C.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Thompson, Susan E.; Twicken, Joseph D.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Rowe, Jason F.; Barclay, Thomas; Batalha, Natalie M.; Borucki, William J.; Burke, Christopher J.; Bryson, Steven T.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Campbell, Jennifer R.; Haas, Michael R.; Henze, Christopher E.; Hoffman, Kelsey L.; Howell, Steve B.; Huber, Daniel; Hunter, Roger C.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Mullally, F.; Quarles, Billy; Quintana, Elisa; Seader, Shawn; Smith, Jeffrey C.; Still, Martin; Tenenbaum, Peter; Thompson, Susan E.; Zamudio, Khadeejah A.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Antoci, Victoria] Aarhus Univ, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Barclay, Thomas; Still, Martin] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Sonoma, CA 95476 USA. [Campbell, Jennifer R.; McCauliff, Sean D.; Sabale, Anima; Zamudio, Khadeejah A.] Wyle Labs, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Christiansen, Jessie L.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Cochran, William] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron & McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gilliland, Ronald L.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Words, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Girouard, Forrest R.] Logyx LLC, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Helminiak, Krzysztof G.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Huber, Daniel] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron SIfA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Jang-Condell, Hannah] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Klaus, Todd C.] Moon Express Inc, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Latham, David W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ofir, Aviv] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Ofir, Aviv] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Shporer, Avi] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Steffen, Jason H.] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Van Laerhoven, Christa] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Van Laerhoven, Christa] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Wolfgang, Angie] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Rowe, JF (reprint author), SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. EM Jason.Rowe@nasa.gov RI Helminiak, Krzysztof/N-6385-2015; OI Helminiak, Krzysztof/0000-0002-7650-3603; Jang-Condell, Hannah/0000-0002-7639-1322; Antoci, Victoria/0000-0002-0865-3650 FU NASA's Science Mission Directorate; NASA [NNX12AD21G, NNX14AB82G, NNX14AB92G]; NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship; Australian Research Council [DE 140101364]; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]; ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) - European Research Council [267864]; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan FX Funding for this Discovery mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. We are grateful to TCERT vetters who tirelessly examined thousands of transit candidates. We are indebted to the entire Kepler Team for all the hard work and dedication that have made such discoveries possible. In one way or another, it seems that everyone in the exoplanet community has somehow contributed toward this work and if I add everyone to the author list there will be no one left to referee, so thank you everyone and the referee. J.F.R. acknowledges NASA grants NNX12AD21G and NNX14AB82G issued through the Kepler Participating Scientist Program. B.Q. acknowledges support from a NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship. D.H. acknowledges NASA grant NNX14AB92G issued through the Kepler Participating Scientist Program and support by the Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects funding scheme (project number DE 140101364). Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant No. DNRF106). V.A. is supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (grant agreement No. 267864). K.G.H. acknowledges support provided by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan as Subaru Astronomical Research Fellow. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. NR 74 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 217 IS 1 AR 16 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/217/1/16 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CG7EY UT WOS:000353466600016 ER PT J AU Hershler, R Liu, HP Carlton, JT Cohen, AN Davis, CB Sorensen, J Weedman, D AF Hershler, Robert Liu, Hsiu-Ping Carlton, James T. Cohen, Andrew N. Davis, Cheryl B. Sorensen, Jeff Weedman, David TI New discoveries of introduced and cryptogenic fresh and brackish water gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Cochliopidae) in the western United States SO Aquatic Invasions LA English DT Article DE Mollusca; snails; aquatic; North America; spread; identification; molecular ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; HYDROBIIDAE MOLLUSCA; RISSOOIDEA; DISPERSAL; ESTUARY; SPRINGSNAIL; SYSTEMATICS; SPURWINKIA; CALIFORNIA; CANADA AB We report the discovery of a second western Atlantic brackish-coastal cochliopid gastropod in San Francisco Bay [Spurwinkia salsa (Pilsbry, 1905)], and detail the first records for a widely distributed member of the family, Tryonia porrecta (Mighels, 1845), from artificial lakes (in the Phoenix metropolitan area). These identifications were based on morphological criteria and supported by mitochondrial DNA sequence data that also indicates little or no divergence of the newly reported populations, which is consistent with evolutionarily recent spread or separation. Spurwinkia salsa was most likely introduced to San Francisco Bay either in recent decades in bait worm packing or ships' ballast or in the 19th or early 20th century in solid ballast or with oyster imports. The discovery of T. porrecta in artificial lakes in the Phoenix area in 1984 and 2014 may be due to either recent arrival in the area or to dispersal into a newly available habitat from a population long present in the area. In either case, the occurrence of T. porrecta in the Phoenix area is likely due to transport on birds along an eastern branch of the Pacific Flyway. The discovery of T. porrecta in artificial lakes suggests that this species (which is typically distributed in thermal springs) is more broadly tolerant than previously thought. Additional spread of this unusual snail within the highly modified aquatic ecosystem of the Phoenix metropolitan area (which includes more than 900 artificial lakes) would appear likely. C1 [Hershler, Robert] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Liu, Hsiu-Ping] Metropolitan Univ Denver, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Carlton, James T.] Williams Coll Myst Seaport, Maritime Studies Program, Mystic, CT 06355 USA. [Cohen, Andrew N.] Ctr Res Aquat Bioinvas, Richmond, CA 94805 USA. [Davis, Cheryl B.] Contra Costa Water Dist, Brentwood, CA USA. [Sorensen, Jeff; Weedman, David] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA. RP Hershler, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hershlerr@si.edu; liu.hsiuping@gmail.com; james.t.carlton@williams.edu; acohen@bioinvasions.com; cldavis108@yahoo.com; jsorensen@azgfd.gov; dweedman@azgfd.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU REGIONAL EURO-ASIAN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS CENTRE-REABIC PI HELSINKI PA PL 3, HELSINKI, 00981, FINLAND SN 1798-6540 EI 1818-5487 J9 AQUAT INVASIONS JI Aquat. Invasions PD MAR PY 2015 VL 10 IS 2 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.3391/ai.2015.10.2.03 PG 10 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CG5AL UT WOS:000353300900003 ER PT J AU Edwards, KL Shultz, S Pilgrim, M Walker, SL AF Edwards, Katie L. Shultz, Susanne Pilgrim, Mark Walker, Susan L. TI Male reproductive success is correlated with testosterone in the eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli) SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adrenal activity; Androgens; Body condition; Reproductive skew; Social stimuli; Temperament ID CERATOTHERIUM-SIMUM; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; MATING STRATEGIES; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; SERUM TESTOSTERONE; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; MALE-RAT; STRESS; ENDOCRINE AB Among natural populations of polygynous species, males often vary in their lifetime reproductive success. However, in managed populations of endangered species, either in situ or as part of captive breeding programmes, it is important to understand why differences in reproductive success occur. The European captive population of the critically endangered eastern black rhinoceros is currently under-performing relative to their wild counterparts, with low reproductive output and high reproductive skew limiting growth and genetic diversity. To investigate why over 40% of captive males fail to breed, faecal samples were collected weekly from 23 males at 12 institutions across Europe for 4-32 months. Testosterone metabolite concentration was compared between proven and non-proven males and a number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that could influence reproductive success were also investigated. Males that sired within the last 31/2 years had significantly higher androgen concentrations than non-proven males, and average testosterone was positively correlated with the number of offspring sired per year spent in the reproductive age class. Proven and non-proven males did not differ in their body condition, or in average faecal glucocorticoid concentration. Differences in individual temperament were associated with adrenal activity, but did not correlate with reproductive category. Highest testosterone concentrations were observed in proven males that were housed with females during oestrus, and lowest concentrations in non-proven females not housed with females at all during the study period. Further work is necessary to determine whether proven males had higher testosterone due to underlying differences associated with quality, or whether external stimuli such as access to females could influence testosterone concentration and increase a male's chances of becoming a successful breeder. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Edwards, Katie L.] Univ Liverpool, Inst Integrat Biol, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. [Edwards, Katie L.; Pilgrim, Mark; Walker, Susan L.] North England Zool Soc, Chester CH2 1LH, Cheshire, England. [Shultz, Susanne] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. RP Edwards, KL (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM katieedwards787@gmail.com RI Edwards, Katie/K-5559-2015; OI Edwards, Katie/0000-0001-6736-1183; Shultz, Susanne/0000-0002-7135-4880 FU NERC CASE studentship; North of England Zoological Society; Thriplow Charitable trust; Association of British and Irish Wild Animal Keepers (ABWAK); Royal Society University Research Fellowship FX The authors would like to thank the animal keepers, curators, veterinarians and assistants at the following institutions, for collection of faecal samples and completion of questionnaires: Chester Zoo, UK; Bioparc Zoo de Doue la Fontaine, France; Zoo Dvur Kralove, Czech Republic; Ree Park Ebeltoft Safari, Denmark; Zoo Hannover, Germany; Zoo Krefeld, Germany; Zoologischer Garten Koln, Germany; Paignton Zoo, UK; Port Lympne Wild Animal Park, UK; Howletts Wild Animal Park, UK; Zoo Zurich, Switzerland; Zoologischer Garten Magdeburg, Germany; and Zoo de Pont-Scorff, France. We would also like to thank Helen Massey, Jenny Hardy, Vicki Norton, Hannah McArthur, Leanne Harrington, Thijs van den Houten, Rebecca Watson, Rebecca Purcell, Taylor Harrison, Sarah Crosby, Katherine Cho and Aaron Marshall for assistance preparing and extracting faecal samples. This work was funded by a NERC CASE studentship, and the North of England Zoological Society, with contribution from The Thriplow Charitable trust and the Association of British and Irish Wild Animal Keepers (ABWAK). S. Shultz is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 213 BP 40 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.12.015 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CG5WZ UT WOS:000353367900006 PM 25562628 ER PT J AU Crumpler, LS Arvidson, RE Bell, J Clark, BC Cohen, BA Farrand, WH Gellert, R Golombek, M Grant, JA Guinness, E Herkenhoff, KE Johnson, JR Jolliff, B Ming, DW Mittlefehldt, DW Parker, T Rice, JW Squyres, SW Sullivan, R Yen, AS AF Crumpler, L. S. Arvidson, R. E. Bell, J. Clark, B. C. Cohen, B. A. Farrand, W. H. Gellert, R. Golombek, M. Grant, J. A. Guinness, E. Herkenhoff, K. E. Johnson, J. R. Jolliff, B. Ming, D. W. Mittlefehldt, D. W. Parker, T. Rice, J. W., Jr. Squyres, S. W. Sullivan, R. Yen, A. S. TI Context of ancient aqueous environments on Mars from in situ geologic mapping at Endeavour Crater SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE Mars; rovers; geology; Noachian ID MERIDIANI-PLANUM; BURNS FORMATION; ROCKS; CHEMISTRY; IMPACT; SOILS; WATER AB Using the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, we have compiled one of the first field geologic maps on Mars while traversing the Noachian terrain along the rim of the 22km diameter Endeavour Crater (Latitude -2 degrees 1633, Longitude -5 degrees 1051). In situ mapping of the petrographic, elemental, structural, and stratigraphic characteristics of outcrops and rocks distinguishes four mappable bedrock lithologic units. Three of these rock units predate the surrounding Burns formation sulfate-rich sandstones and one, the Matijevic Formation, represents conditions on early Mars predating the formation of Endeavour Crater. The stratigraphy assembled from these observations includes several geologic unconformities. The differences in lithologic units across these unconformities record changes in the character and intensity of the Martian aqueous environment over geologic time. Water circulated through fractures in the oldest rocks over periods long enough that texturally and elementally significant alteration occurred in fracture walls. These oldest pre-Endeavour rocks and their network of mineralized and altered fractures were preserved by burial beneath impact ejecta and were subsequently exhumed and exposed. The alteration along joints in the oldest rocks and the mineralized veins and concentrations of trace metals in overlying lithologic units is direct evidence that copious volumes of mineralized and/or hydrothermal fluids circulated through the early Martian crust. The wide range in intensity of structural and chemical modification from outcrop to outcrop along the crater rim shows that the ejecta of large (>8km in diameter) impact craters is complex. These results imply that geologic complexity is to be anticipated in other areas of Mars where cratering has been a fundamental process in the local and regional geology and mineralogy. C1 [Crumpler, L. S.] New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA. [Arvidson, R. E.; Guinness, E.; Jolliff, B.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Bell, J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Clark, B. C.; Farrand, W. H.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Cohen, B. A.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Gellert, R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Golombek, M.; Parker, T.; Yen, A. S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Grant, J. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Herkenhoff, K. E.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Johnson, J. R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Ming, D. W.; Mittlefehldt, D. W.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Rice, J. W., Jr.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Squyres, S. W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sullivan, R.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Crumpler, LS (reprint author), New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA. EM larry.crumpler@state.nm.us RI Johnson, Jeffrey/F-3972-2015 FU Mars Exploration Rover mission project through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; NASA; Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter project through the NASA FX This work was supported by the Mars Exploration Rover mission project through contracts with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, sponsored by NASA. The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) is supported by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter project through the NASA contract to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. Data are available from the NASA Planetary Data System (https://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/). NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9097 EI 2169-9100 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD MAR PY 2015 VL 120 IS 3 BP 538 EP 569 DI 10.1002/2014JE004699 PG 32 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CF9AY UT WOS:000352855100011 ER PT J AU Reeder-Myers, L Erlandson, JM Muhs, DR Rick, TC AF Reeder-Myers, Leslie Erlandson, Jon M. Muhs, Daniel R. Rick, Torben C. TI Sea level, paleogeography, and archeology on California's Northern Channel Islands SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Geographic information systems; Coastal archeology; Glacial isostatic adjustment; Sea level rise; Shoreline reconstruction; Paleogeomorphology ID SANTA ROSA ISLAND; DAISY CAVE CA-SMI-261; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND; MARITIME SUBSISTENCE; PACIFIC COAST; MIGUEL ISLAND; PLEISTOCENE; VEGETATION AB Sea-level rise during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene inundated nearshore areas in many parts of the world, producing drastic changes in local ecosystems and obscuring significant portions of the archeological record. Although global forces are at play, the effects of sea-level rise are highly localized due to variability in glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) effects. Interpretations of coastal paleoecology and archeology require reliable estimates of ancient shorelines that account for GIA effects. Here we build on previous models for California's Northern Channel Islands, producing more accurate late Pleistocene and Holocene paleogeographic reconstructions adjusted for regional GIA variability. This region has contributed significantly to our understanding of early New World coastal foragers. Sea level that was about 80-85 m lower than present at the time of the first known human occupation brought about a landscape and ecology substantially different than today. During the late Pleistocene, large tracts of coastal lowlands were exposed, while a colder, wetter climate and fluctuating marine conditions interacted with rapidly evolving littoral environments. At the close of the Pleistocene and start of the Holocene, people in coastal California faced shrinking land, intertidal, and subtidal zones, with important implications for resource availability and distribution. (C) 2015 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Reeder-Myers, Leslie; Rick, Torben C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Erlandson, Jon M.] Univ Oregon, Dept Anthropol, Museum Nat & Cultural Hist, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Muhs, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Reeder-Myers, L (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM reeder-myersL@si.edu; jerland@uoregon.edu; dmuhs@usgs.gov; rickt@si.edu OI Erlandson, Jon/0000-0002-4705-4319 FU National Science Foundation [BCS-1041495, BCS-0917677]; Muhs FX We are indebted to Jerry Mitrovica for sharing the data from his glacial isostatic adjustment model. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation Grants BCS-1041495 (to Reeder-Myers) and BCS-0917677 (to Erlandson and Rick), with additional support from our home institutions. The Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program of the U.S. Geological Survey supported Muhs. Thanks to Derek Booth, Gary Clow, David Meltzer, Buddy Schweig, Dan Shugar, Janet Slate, and an anonymous reviewer for comments that significantly improved the manuscript. NR 81 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 12 U2 41 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0033-5894 EI 1096-0287 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 83 IS 2 BP 263 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2015.01.002 PG 10 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA CG2GS UT WOS:000353093500001 ER PT J AU Schwarz, GJ Shore, SN Page, KL Osborne, JP Beardmore, AP Walter, FM Bode, MF Drake, JJ Ness, JU Starrfield, S Van Rossum, DR Woodward, CE AF Schwarz, Greg J. Shore, Steven N. Page, Kim L. Osborne, Julian P. Beardmore, Andrew P. Walter, Frederick M. Bode, Michael F. Drake, Jeremy J. Ness, Jan-Uwe Starrfield, Sumner Van Rossum, Daniel R. Woodward, Charles E. TI PAN-CHROMATIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE REMARKABLE NOVA LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD 2012 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE novae, cataclysmic variables; ultraviolet: stars ID X-RAY SOURCES; MODEL ATMOSPHERES; CLASSICAL NOVAE; RECURRENT NOVA; SPECTRA; TELESCOPE; OUTBURST; EVOLUTION; CATALOG; PHASE AB We present the results of an intensive multiwavelength campaign on nova LMC 2012. This nova evolved very rapidly in all observed wavelengths. The time to fall two magnitudes in the V band was only 2 days. In X-rays the super soft phase began 13 +/- 5 days after discovery and ended around day 50 after discovery. During the super soft phase, the Swift/XRT and Chandra spectra were consistent with the underlying white dwarf (WD) being very hot, similar to 1 MK, and luminous, similar to 10(38) erg s(-1). The UV, optical, and near-IR photometry showed a periodic variation after the initial and rapid fading had ended. Timing analysis revealed a consistent 19.24 +/- 0.03 hr period in all UV, optical, and near-IR bands with amplitudes of similar to 0.3 mag which we associate with the orbital period of the central binary. No periods were detected in the corresponding X-ray data sets. A moderately high inclination system, i = 60 +/- 10 degrees, was inferred from the early optical emission lines. The HST/STIS UV spectra were highly unusual with only the N V (1240 angstrom) line present and superposed on a blue continuum. The lack of emission lines and the observed UV and optical continua from four epochs can be fit with a low mass ejection event, similar to 10(-6) M-circle dot, from a hot and massive WD near the Chandrasekhar limit. The WD, in turn, significantly illuminated its subgiant companion which provided the bulk of the observed UV/optical continuum emission at the later dates. The inferred extreme WD characteristics and low mass ejection event favor nova LMC 2012 being a recurrent nova of the U Sco subclass. C1 [Schwarz, Greg J.] Amer Astron Soc, Washington, DC 20009 USA. [Shore, Steven N.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis Enrico Fermi, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Shore, Steven N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Page, Kim L.; Osborne, Julian P.; Beardmore, Andrew P.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, X Ray & Observat Astron Grp, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Walter, Frederick M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bode, Michael F.] Astrophys Res Inst, Brownlow Hill L3 5RF, England. [Drake, Jeremy J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ness, Jan-Uwe] European Space Astron Ctr, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Starrfield, Sumner] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Van Rossum, Daniel R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Woodward, Charles E.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Schwarz, GJ (reprint author), Amer Astron Soc, 2000 Florida Ave Nw, Washington, DC 20009 USA. EM Greg.Schwarz@aas.org FU NASA [12484]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA [NAS5-26555]; UK Space Agency; National Science Foundation [PHY 08-22648] FX This research has made use of data obtained from NASA's Swift satellite. We thank Neil Gehrels and the Swift team for generous allotments of ToO and fill-in time. We thank Harvey Tananbaum for the Chandra Director's Discretionary Time observation of LMC 2012. Support for HST Program number 12484 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Stony Brook University's initial participation in the SMARTS consortium was made possible by generous contributions from the Provost of Stony Brook University. We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research. KLP, JPO & APB acknowledge the support of the UK Space Agency. S.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA and NSF grants to ASU. This research has been supported in part at the University of Chicago by the National Science Foundation under Grant PHY 08-22648 for the Physics Frontier Center "Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics" (JINA). Finally, we thank the referee for a thoughtful report that greatly improved the paper. NR 67 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 149 IS 3 AR 95 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/3/95 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CF1KM UT WOS:000352304000006 ER PT J AU Cutler, NA Chaput, DL Oliver, AE Viles, HA AF Cutler, Nick A. Chaput, Dominique L. Oliver, Anna E. Viles, Heather A. TI The spatial organization and microbial community structure of an epilithic biofilm SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amplicon pyrosequencing; TRFLP; lithobiontic microbes; green algae; bacteria; fungi; mantel correlograms; rank-abundance distributions ID BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; ALGAL ASSEMBLAGES; STONE; SOIL; RNA; BIODETERIORATION; MICROORGANISMS; DETERIORATION; BUILDINGS; SANDSTONE AB Microbial biofilms are common on lithic surfaces, including stone buildings. However, the ecology of these communities is poorly understood. Few studies have focused on the spatial characteristics of lithobiontic biofilms, despite the fact that spatial structure has been demonstrated to influence ecosystem function (and hence biodegradation) and community diversity. Furthermore, relatively few studies have utilized molecular techniques to characterize these communities, even though molecular methods have revealed unexpected microbial diversity in other habitats. This study investigated (1) the spatial structure and (2) the taxonomic composition of an epilithic biofilm using molecular techniques, namely amplicon pyrosequencing and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Dispersion indices and Mantel correlograms were used to test for the presence of spatial structure in the biofilm. Diversity metrics and rank-abundance distributions (RADs) were also generated. The study revealed spatial structure on a centimetre scale in eukaryotic microbes (fungi and algae), but not the bacteria. Fungal and bacterial communities were highly diverse; algal communities much less so. The RADs were characterized by a distinctive 'hollow' (concave up) profile and long tails of rare taxa. These findings have implications for understanding the ecology of epilithic biofilms and the spatial heterogeneity of stone biodeterioration. C1 [Cutler, Nick A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Geog, Cambridge CB2 3EN, England. [Chaput, Dominique L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Oliver, Anna E.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [Viles, Heather A.] Univ Oxford, Ctr Environm, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. RP Cutler, NA (reprint author), Churchill Coll, Storeys Way, Cambridge, England. EM nac37@cam.ac.uk OI Chaput, Dominique/0000-0002-9736-2619; Cutler, Nick/0000-0003-1746-7769; Viles, Heather/0000-0002-2444-1295 FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G011338/1] FX This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (grant no. EP/G011338/1). NR 51 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 41 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0168-6496 EI 1574-6941 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 91 IS 3 DI 10.1093/femsec/fiu027 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA CF8BZ UT WOS:000352781700014 ER PT J AU Pobiner, BL AF Pobiner, Briana L. TI New actualistic data on the ecology and energetics of hominin scavenging opportunities SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Carnivore guild structure; Carnivory; East Africa; Habitat; Hunting-scavenging debate; Meat-eating; Flesh availability ID PLIO-PLEISTOCENE HOMINIDS; LARGE PREDATORY MAMMALS; WILD CHIMPANZEES; OLDUVAI-GORGE; FOOD PROCUREMENT; PRESENT GUILDS; STONE TOOLS; EVOLUTION; BONES; ETHIOPIA AB For decades, the 'hunting-scavenging debate' has been an important research focus in Plio-Pleistocene hominin behavioral ecology. Here I present new data on potential scavenging opportunities from fresh carnivore kills on a conservancy in central Kenya. This ecosystem is dominated by felids (mainly lions) and has a different carnivore guild than in many earlier studies of scavenging opportunities that took place in areas such as Ngorongoro and Serengeti in Tanzania and Maasai Mara in Kenya, where lions face high levels of inter-specific competition from bone-crunching hyenas. I found that while scavenging opportunities vary among carcasses, most carcasses retained some scavengeable resources. Excluding within-bone resources, even the scavengeable meat on 'defleshed' larger sized prey carcasses is usually substantial enough to meet the total daily caloric requirements of at least one adult male Homo erectus individual. I argue, as others have before me, that scavenging opportunities in a particular ecosystem will vary in part due to carnivore taxon, density and guild composition; prey size, biomass and community structure; and habitat (e.g., vegetation, physiography). We should expect variability in scavenging opportunities in different locales and should focus our research efforts on identifying which variables condition these differences in order to make our findings applicable to the diversity of ecological settings characterizing the past. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Pobiner, BL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, MRC 112,10th & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM PobinerB@si.edu FU Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad grant FX I am grateful to the staff of Sweetwaters Game Reserve/Ol Pejeta Conservancy, as well as Earthwatch's Kenya's Black Rhinos project, for their assistance in this research. Thanks to Rob Blumenschine for his guidance during my Ph.D. research, of which this was a part. Funding for this research was provided by a Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad grant. This research was conducted with permission of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Kenya, research permit number MOEST 13/001/32C 77/2. Thanks to Charles Egeland, four other anonymous reviewers, and the associate editor for comments and edits that greatly improved this manuscript; to Gene Hunt and Brian Richmond for statistical assistance; and Norma Oldfield for helping me bone up on the relevant literature. NR 82 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0047-2484 J9 J HUM EVOL JI J. Hum. Evol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 80 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.06.020 PG 16 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA CF7QG UT WOS:000352750800001 PM 25563408 ER PT J AU Sainge, MN Kenfack, D AF Sainge, Moses N. Kenfack, David TI Kihansia jengiensis, a new species of Triuridaceae from southeastern Cameroon SO KEW BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Critically Endangered; Jengi forest; Kupeaeae; myco-heterotrophic AB A new species of Triuridaceae, Kihansia jengiensis Sainge & Kenfack is described from the semi-deciduous forest of Southeastern Cameroon. The new species is illustrated and a key to the identification of the two species in the genus provided. The species constitutes the first record of the genus in central Africa and its conservation status is assessed as Critically Endangered. C1 [Sainge, Moses N.] Trop Plant Explorat Grp TroPEG Cameroon, Yaounde, Southwest Regio, Cameroon. [Kenfack, David] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166, CTFS ForestGEO, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Sainge, MN (reprint author), Trop Plant Explorat Grp TroPEG Cameroon, POB 18 Mundemba, Yaounde, Southwest Regio, Cameroon. EM kenfackd@si.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0075-5974 EI 1874-933X J9 KEW BULL JI Kew Bull. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 70 IS 1 AR 7 DI 10.1007/S12225-015-9558-9 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CF4EL UT WOS:000352501400007 ER PT J AU Mendyk, RW AF Mendyk, Robert W. TI Life Expectancy and Longevity of Varanid Lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Varanidae) in North American Zoos SO ZOO BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE herpetological husbandry; life expectancy; longevity; mortality; Varanus; welfare ID KOMODO DRAGONS; MONITOR LIZARDS; WATER-LOSS; BRONX ZOO; MANAGEMENT; REPRODUCTION; LACERTILIA; HUSBANDRY; BEHAVIOR; MORTALITY AB In zoos, life expectancythe average lifespan of individuals within a population, and longevitythe maximum lifespan within a population, can be useful parameters for evaluating captive husbandry and animal welfare. Using life history and demographic data derived from regional studbooks, this study examined life expectancy and longevity in a total of 782 wild-caught (WC) and captive-bred (CB) varanid lizards of seven species maintained in North American zoos since 1926. The average lifespans for WC and CB animals were 6.3 +/- 0.3 and 9.3 +/- 0.4 years, respectively, with CB males living significantly longer than females (P=0.009). A total of 26.4% of WC and 22.5% of CB animals experienced mortality during their first 2 years in captivity, with mortality during this period greatest among Varanus rudicollis and V. prasinus. A positive correlation was observed between life expectancy and adult body mass in captive-bred individuals (r=0.981; P=0.002). Wild-caught females with a history of successful reproduction had a significantly greater average lifespan than non-reproducing females (P<0.0001). Results from this study suggest that varanids have not been reaching their lifespan capacities in North American zoos. In light of these findings, several husbandry-related factors which may be affecting the welfare and lifespans of varanids in zoos are identified and discussed. This study also highlights the utility of demographic and life history data in captive animal management, and offers a general framework for future herpetological studies of a similar nature. Zoo Biol. 34:139-152, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc. C1 [Mendyk, Robert W.] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Dept Herpetol, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Mendyk, Robert W.] Jacksonville Zoo & Gardens, Dept Herpetol, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Mendyk, RW (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Dept Herpetol, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM MendykR@si.edu FU Smithsonian National Zoological Park's Department of Herpetology, and Drew Foster, Valorie Titus; Bronx Zoo's Department of Herpetology FX I would like to thank the Smithsonian National Zoological Park's Department of Herpetology, and Drew Foster, Valorie Titus and the Bronx Zoo's Department of Herpetology for various courtesies and support with this research. Harold de Lisle, David Kirshner, Bernd Eidenmuller, Hans-Georg Horn, Hans Jacobs, Markus Juschka, Wolfgang Bohme, Benjamin Ibler, Vicky Poole, Ben Aller and Lauren Augustine generously provided literature and miscellaneous information including unpublished longevity records. I also extend my gratitude to Sam Sweet, whose insightful suggestions were helpful in developing a statistical approach to this study, and James B. Murphy, Judith Block, and an anonymous reviewer who offered constructive comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. NR 164 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0733-3188 EI 1098-2361 J9 ZOO BIOL JI Zoo Biol. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 34 IS 2 BP 139 EP 152 DI 10.1002/zoo.21195 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA CF8MI UT WOS:000352814400005 PM 25503984 ER PT J AU Ryan, MJ Taylor, RC AF Ryan, Michael J. Taylor, Ryan C. TI Measures of mate choice: a comment on Dougherty & Shuker SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MATING SIGNALS; SPECIES RECOGNITION; FROGS C1 [Ryan, Michael J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ryan, Michael J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Taylor, Ryan C.] Salisbury Univ, Dept Biol, Salisbury, MD 21801 USA. RP Ryan, MJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, 1 Univ Stn C0930, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM mryan@utexas.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1045-2249 EI 1465-7279 J9 BEHAV ECOL JI Behav. Ecol. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 26 IS 2 BP 323 EP 324 DI 10.1093/beheco/aru221 PG 3 WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CF0YX UT WOS:000352271800006 ER PT J AU Fujii, JA Ralls, K Tinker, MT AF Fujii, Jessica A. Ralls, Katherine Tinker, Martin Tim TI Ecological drivers of variation in tool-use frequency across sea otter populations SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE foraging specialization; learned behavior; sea otter; tool use ID ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; INDIVIDUAL VARIATION; CALEDONIAN CROWS; WILD CHIMPANZEES; PAN-TROGLODYTES; TURSIOPS SP.; BEHAVIOR; SPECIALIZATION; PATTERNS; DIET AB Sea otters are well-known tool users, employing objects such as rocks or shells to break open hard-shelled invertebrate prey. However, little is known about how the frequency of tool use varies among sea otter populations and the factors that drive these differences. We examined 17 years of observational data on prey capture and tool use from 8 sea otter populations ranging from southern California to the Aleutian Islands in Alaska. There were significant differences in the diets of these populations as well as variation in the frequency of tool use. Sea otters at Amchitka Island, Alaska, used tools on less than 1% of dives that resulted in the capture of prey compared with approximately 16% in Monterey, California. The percentage of individuals in the population that used tools ranged from 10% to 93%. In all populations, marine snails and thick-shelled bivalves were most likely to be associated with tool use, whereas soft-bodied prey items such as worms and sea stars were the least likely. The probability that a tool would be used on a given prey type varied across populations. The morphology of the prey item being handled and the prevalence of various types of prey in local diets were major ecological drivers of tool use: together they accounted for about 64% of the variation in tool-use frequency among populations. The remaining variation may be related to changes in the relative costs and benefits to an individual otter of learning to use tools effectively under differing ecological circumstances. C1 [Fujii, Jessica A.] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Sea Otter Res & Conservat, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. [Ralls, Katherine] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Tinker, Martin Tim] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP Fujii, JA (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium, Sea Otter Res & Conservat, 886 Cannery Row, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. EM jfujii@mbayaq.org FU U.S. Geological Survey; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Monterey Bay Aquarium; Smithsonian Graduate Research Fellowship FX This work was supported by U.S. Geological Survey, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, the Monterey Bay Aquarium, and a Smithsonian Graduate Research Fellowship. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 16 U2 69 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1045-2249 EI 1465-7279 J9 BEHAV ECOL JI Behav. Ecol. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 26 IS 2 BP 519 EP 526 DI 10.1093/beheco/aru220 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CF0YX UT WOS:000352271800032 ER PT J AU Prabu, T Srivani, KS Roshi, DA Kamini, PA Madhavi, S Emrich, D Crosse, B Williams, AJ Waterson, M Deshpande, AA Shankar, NU Subrahmanyan, R Briggs, FH Goeke, RF Tingay, SJ Johnston-Hollitt, M Gopalakrishna, MR Morgan, EH Pathikulangara, J Bunton, JD Hampson, G Williams, C Ord, SM Wayth, RB Kumar, D Morales, MF deSouza, L Kratzenberg, E Pallot, D McWhirter, R Hazelton, BJ Arcus, W Barnes, DG Bernardi, G Booler, T Bowman, JD Cappallo, RJ Corey, BE Greenhill, LJ Herne, D Hewitt, JN Kaplan, DL Kasper, JC Kincaid, BB Koenig, R Lonsdale, CJ Lynch, MJ Mitchell, DA Oberoi, D Remillard, RA Rogers, AE Salah, JE Sault, RJ Stevens, JB Tremblay, S Webster, RL Whitney, AR Wyithe, SB AF Prabu, Thiagaraj Srivani, K. S. Roshi, D. Anish Kamini, P. A. Madhavi, S. Emrich, David Crosse, Brian Williams, Andrew J. Waterson, Mark Deshpande, Avinash A. Shankar, N. Udaya Subrahmanyan, Ravi Briggs, Frank H. Goeke, Robert F. Tingay, Steven J. Johnston-Hollitt, Melanie Gopalakrishna, M. R. Morgan, Edward H. Pathikulangara, Joseph Bunton, John D. Hampson, Grant Williams, Christopher Ord, Stephen M. Wayth, Randall B. Kumar, Deepak Morales, Miguel F. deSouza, Ludi Kratzenberg, Eric Pallot, D. McWhirter, Russell Hazelton, Bryna J. Arcus, Wayne Barnes, David G. Bernardi, Gianni Booler, T. Bowman, Judd D. Cappallo, Roger J. Corey, Brian E. Greenhill, Lincoln J. Herne, David Hewitt, Jacqueline N. Kaplan, David L. Kasper, Justin C. Kincaid, Barton B. Koenig, Ronald Lonsdale, Colin J. Lynch, Mervyn J. Mitchell, Daniel A. Oberoi, Divya Remillard, Ronald A. Rogers, Alan E. Salah, Joseph E. Sault, Robert J. Stevens, Jamie B. Tremblay, S. Webster, Rachel L. Whitney, Alan R. Wyithe, Stuart B. TI A digital-receiver for the Murchison Widefield Array SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE ADC; Channelizer; Digital-receiver; FPGA; MWA; MRO; PFB; Radio astronomy instrumentation; Radio telescope; SKA ID FILTER BANKS AB An FPGA-based digital-receiver has been developed for a low-frequency imaging radio interferometer, the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). The MWA, located at the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO) in Western Australia, consists of 128 dual-polarized aperture-array elements (tiles) operating between 80 and 300 MHz, with a total processed bandwidth of 30.72 MHz for each polarization. Radio-frequency signals from the tiles are amplified and band limited using analog signal conditioning units; sampled and channelized by digital-receivers. The signals from eight tiles are processed by a single digital-receiver, thus requiring 16 digital-receivers for the MWA. The main function of the digital-receivers is to digitize the broad-band signals from each tile, channelize them to form the sky-band, and transport it through optical fibers to a centrally located correlator for further processing. The digital-receiver firmware also implements functions to measure the signal power, perform power equalization across the band, detect interference-like events, and invoke diagnostic modes. The digital-receiver is controlled by high-level programs running on a single-board-computer. This paper presents the digital-receiver design, implementation, current status, and plans for future enhancements. C1 [Prabu, Thiagaraj; Srivani, K. S.; Kamini, P. A.; Madhavi, S.; Deshpande, Avinash A.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Subrahmanyan, Ravi; Gopalakrishna, M. R.; Kumar, Deepak] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Roshi, D. Anish] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Green Bank, VA USA. [Subrahmanyan, Ravi; Briggs, Frank H.; Tingay, Steven J.; Wayth, Randall B.; Mitchell, Daniel A.; Tremblay, S.; Webster, Rachel L.; Wyithe, Stuart B.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Waterson, Mark; Briggs, Frank H.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Goeke, Robert F.; Morgan, Edward H.; Williams, Christopher; Hewitt, Jacqueline N.; Remillard, Ronald A.] MIT Kavli Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Emrich, David; Crosse, Brian; Williams, Andrew J.; Waterson, Mark; Tingay, Steven J.; Ord, Stephen M.; Wayth, Randall B.; Pallot, D.; Arcus, Wayne; Booler, T.; Herne, David; Lynch, Mervyn J.; Tremblay, S.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Pathikulangara, Joseph] CSIRO Computat Informat, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Barnes, David G.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Bernardi, Gianni; Greenhill, Lincoln J.; Kasper, Justin C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Bowman, Judd D.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. [Kratzenberg, Eric; McWhirter, Russell; Cappallo, Roger J.; Corey, Brian E.; Kincaid, Barton B.; Lonsdale, Colin J.; Oberoi, Divya; Rogers, Alan E.; Salah, Joseph E.; Whitney, Alan R.] MIT Haystack Observ, Westford, MA USA. [deSouza, Ludi] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Morales, Miguel F.; Hazelton, Bryna J.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnston-Hollitt, Melanie] Victoria Univ Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand. [Kaplan, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Oberoi, Divya] Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys TIFR, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Sault, Robert J.; Webster, Rachel L.; Wyithe, Stuart B.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Stevens, Jamie B.] Univ Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Bernardi, Gianni] Sq Kilometre Array South Africa SKA SA, Cape Town, South Africa. [Bernardi, Gianni] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bunton, John D.; Hampson, Grant; deSouza, Ludi; Koenig, Ronald; Mitchell, Daniel A.; Stevens, Jamie B.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Canberran, Australia. [Kasper, Justin C.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Waterson, Mark] SKA Org, Jodrell Bank Observ, Manchester, Lancs, England. RP Prabu, T (reprint author), Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. RI M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Bunton, John/A-4944-2008; Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Emrich, David/B-7002-2013; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; OI M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Emrich, David/0000-0002-4058-1837; Wyithe, Stuart/0000-0001-7956-9758 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council (LIEF) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development [MED-E1799]; Victoria University of Wellington from the IBM Shared University Research Grant; Australian Federal government via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); Australian Federal government via the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Australian Federal government via the Education Investment Fund; Australian Federal government via the Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; NVIDIA at Harvard University; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR); Joint Venture of Curtin University; University of Western Australia - Western Australian State government FX This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The authors also acknowledge the contributions from the Raman Research Institute members: Somashekar for the X1 expedition, Girish for testing the PFB, Kasturi for qualifying the ADFB analog inputs and for developing a noise source, Ananth, Arasi, Mamatha, Sandhya and Sujatha for making the 16 channel analog input system used for testing the digital-receiver, Vinutha for the work with the USB card, Sarabagopalan for the cold test setup, Vinod for the ADFB ID cards, Wenny for making the Clock/SCTN distribution board for the 32T digital-receivers, Peeyush Prasad and C R Subramanya for providing the UDP code for the AgFo, Mechanical Engineering Services for making the power-splitter enclosures and the heat-sink mounts, Ravi Sankar for the electro-plating work, Mamatha Bai and RRI Administration for taking care of the administrative logistics, purchase team for the procurements, and the computer group for their support with linux and networking; Franz Schlagenhaufer at ICRAR for the Electromagnetic Compatibility tests of the MWA receiver and Jonathan Tickner at ICRAR for the support during the receiver integration tests; Mark Leach and Ron Ekers at CSIRO for sharing their expertise; and the Halleens at Boolardy for the warm hospitality during the site visits. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6435 EI 1572-9508 J9 EXP ASTRON JI Exp. Astron. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 39 IS 1 BP 73 EP 93 DI 10.1007/s10686-015-9444-3 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CE9IF UT WOS:000352156800006 ER PT J AU Lassman, TC AF Lassman, Thomas C. TI Putting the Military Back into the History of the Military-Industrial Complex The Management of Technological Innovation in the US Army, 1945-1960 SO ISIS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-SCIENCE-FOUNDATION; COLD-WAR; SECURITY; DEBATE AB In 1946 General Dwight Eisenhower, the Army Chief of Staff, established the Research and Development (R&D) Division on the War Department General Staff to expedite major technological breakthroughs in weapons technology. This goal, based on the separation of the management of R&D from procurement, captured the Army's preference for qualitative rather than quantitative superiority on the battlefield, but it threatened to upend entrenched methods of incremental product improvement under way in the Army's supply organizations, collectively called the technical services. The division's brief existence (it ceased operations in 1947) contrasted sharply with the longevity of the Ordnance Department's in-house manufacturing arsenals; for more than a century they had exploited synergies between R&D and production to turn out new weapons mass-produced in industry. The history of the R&D Division and the corresponding management of technological innovation in the technical services broadens an otherwise narrow historiographical interpretation of postwar knowledge production in the United States that is still focused heavily on the moral and political economy of military-funded academic research. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Div Space Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lassman, TC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Div Space Hist, MRC 311,POB 37012,Independence Ave & 6th St, Washington, DC 20013 USA. FU Division of Space History at the National Air and Space Museum FX For their valuable comments and criticisms on earlier drafts of this essay, I am especially grateful to Martin J. Collins, Elliott V. Converse III, Michael J. Neufeld, Bernard Lightman, H. Hods Cohen, and the three anonymous referees who reviewed the manuscript for Isis. A debt of gratitude must also be paid to the late Herbert Pankratz and the staff of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library in Abilene, Kansas, and the archivists and librarians at the Library of Congress and the U.S. Army Center of Military History in Washington, D.C. The Division of Space History at the National Air and Space Museum generously provided funds to underwrite the research for this essay. NR 174 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0021-1753 EI 1545-6994 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD MAR PY 2015 VL 106 IS 1 BP 94 EP 120 DI 10.1086/681038 PG 27 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA CF1NC UT WOS:000352311700005 PM 26027309 ER PT J AU Rick, TC Ogburn, MB Kramer, MA McCanty, ST Reeder-Myers, LA Miller, HM Hines, AH AF Rick, Torben C. Ogburn, Matthew B. Kramer, Margaret A. McCanty, Sean T. Reeder-Myers, Leslie A. Miller, Henry M. Hines, Anson H. TI Archaeology, taphonomy, and historical ecology of Chesapeake Bay blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Shellfish; Coastal archaeology; Experimental archaeology; Zooarchaeology; Crustacean; Marine ecology ID WEST-COAST; FISHERY AB Blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus), an important commercial and ecological species in the eastern United States, are a key part of Chesapeake Bay culture, tourism, and fisheries. Blue crab remains are rare in Middle Atlantic North American archaeological sites, however, leading to speculation that Native Americans did not eat crabs, that taphonomic processes and/or excavation strategies are not suitable to crab preservation or recovery, or that seasonal use of estuarine foods limited blue crab exploitation. We explore these hypotheses through examination of archaeological blue crab remains, analysis of allometric relationships to investigate changes in crab size, and experiments (soil pH, animal scavenging, etc.) focused on the preservation and recovery of blue crab remains. These data demonstrate that blue crab remains are fragile and that their preservation and recovery is strongly influenced by taphonomic processes, excavation strategies, and perhaps seasonal exploitation. Despite these potential biases, blue crabs have been identified in 93 Chesapeake Bay archaeological sites from at least 3200 years ago through the 20th century. Blue crabs were an important food source for Native Americans, EuroAmerican colonists, and African Americans, with size estimates demonstrating that a range of crab sizes were harvested in the past, including a higher proportion of large crabs than those found in the Bay today under the intense modern fishery. Our experimental and archaeological analyses provide an approach that can be used generally by archaeologists working in marine environments and on other species around the world. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rick, Torben C.; Reeder-Myers, Leslie A.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ogburn, Matthew B.; Kramer, Margaret A.; Hines, Anson H.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [McCanty, Sean T.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Miller, Henry M.] Hist St Marys City, St Marys City, MD USA. RP Rick, TC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM rickt@si.edu OI Ogburn, Matthew/0000-0001-5417-555X FU Smithsonian Environmental Research Center; National Museum of Natural History; SERC FX Funds for this project were provided by the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center and National Museum of Natural History, including a SERC summer internship awarded to McCanty for experimental analysis and a postdoctoral fellowship awarded to Ogburn. We thank Joanne Bowan and Stephen Atkins for providing information on crab remains they analyzed for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Dee DeRoche and Charlie Manson for providing access to specimens housed at the Virginia Department of Historic Resources, and Matt McKnight and Dennis Curry for providing information on specimens obtained during CRM work in Maryland. We appreciate the help of several interns in the crab lab, including Lauren Mott, Miranda Marvel, Angela Trenkle, and Brooke Weigel, who helped with measuring crab claws. Finally, we thank Gabrielle Tayac for her help with information on Native American treaty rights and blue crabs. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 EI 1095-9238 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 55 BP 42 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2014.12.016 PG 13 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA CE6WM UT WOS:000351978900006 ER PT J AU Zeder, MA Lemoine, X Payne, S AF Zeder, Melinda A. Lemoine, Ximena Payne, Sebastian TI A new system for computing long-bone fusion age profiles in Sus scrofa SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aging; Sus scrofa; Pigs; Harvest profiles; Epiphyseal fusion ID WILD BOAR; DOMESTICATION; LONGEVITY; DENTITION; TURKEY; SHEEP; IRAQ; PIG AB In this paper we present the results of a study of post-cranial fusion in pigs (Sus scrofa) and propose a new system for the construction of harvest profiles of pigs based on epiphyseal fusion. The study examined post-crania of 40 Asian wild boar in museum and personal collections. It finds a regular pattern in the sequence of fusion of elements in this sample that also agrees with the fusion sequences of 56 European wild boar published in earlier studies. The fusion sequence of post-cranial elements is grouped into eleven different age classes (A-K). Comparison of the dentition based age classes assigned to 38 of the wild boar studied here and in an earlier study (Lemoine et al., 2014) shows a close correspondence between dental and fusion based age classes. Although the age at death of these specimens is not known, it is possible to assign age estimates for the fusion based age classes defined here based on the relatively secure age estimates for the dentition based age classes. A comparison of the fusion based harvest profile for a large assemblage of pig remains from the Epipaleolithic site of Hallan Cemi (southeastern Anatolia) constructed using the system proposed here with dentition based profiles using the three systems proposed in Lemoine et al. shows a very close correspondence, especially in the younger age classes. We conclude with a consideration of the strengths and weaknesses of fusion based and dentition based harvest profiles finding that when taphonomic conditions permit fusion based harvest profiles are a valuable tool for understanding ancient exploitation strategies, especially when used in tandem with dentition based profiles. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zeder, Melinda A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Lemoine, Ximena] Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Payne, Sebastian] English Heritage, London, England. RP Zeder, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM zederm@si.edu FU National Geographic Society; Wenner Gren Foundation; Smithsonian Institution FX National Geographic Society, Wenner Gren Foundation; Smithsonian Institution. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 EI 1095-9238 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 55 BP 135 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2014.12.017 PG 16 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA CE6WM UT WOS:000351978900013 ER PT J AU Kerr, KA AF Kerr, Kecia A. TI DECREASED TEMPERATURE RESULTS IN DAYTIME LARVAL RELEASE BY THE FIDDLER CRAB UCA DEICHMANNI RATHBUN, 1935 SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE larvae; predation risk; reproductive cycles; temperature; timing of reproduction; upwelling ID REPRODUCTIVE SYNCHRONY; ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE; FISHES AB Many crabs release their larvae during large amplitude high tides at night to reduce predation by fishes. These "safe" tides often occur within a few hours of dawn, therefore crabs targeting these tides are vulnerable to releasing larvae during daylight if a decrease in temperature extends incubation by a few days. Uca deichmanni Rathbun, 1935 release larvae during the large amplitude tides, but the timing of larval release with respect to the tidal and diel cycle was previously unknown. This species released larvae exclusively during the high tide, approximately two hours before sunrise, in warm conditions in the laboratory. In cold water, females released larvae primarily during the high tide, but many released during daylight (55%). During cold conditions in the field, 35% of females released larvae on days when the morning high tide occurred during daylight. These females or their larvae may therefore have been exposed to higher risk of predation by diurnally feeding predators. C1 [Kerr, Kecia A.] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Kerr, Kecia A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. [Kerr, Kecia A.] McGill Univ, Fac Sci, McGill STRI Neotrop Environm Opt NEO, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T6, Canada. RP Kerr, KA (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Evolut Ecol & Genet, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM kecia.kerr@mail.mcgill.ca FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) Short-term Fellowship; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant; Post Graduate Scholarship (NSERC PGS D); Quebec Ocean; Smithsonian Marine Science Network FX I am grateful to J. Christy, R. Collin and F. Guichard for guidance throughout the research and to J. Christy for encouragement to pinpoint the timing of release of this species relative to the tides and diel cycle; to the Collin Lab, A. Cornejo in particular, for help with collecting ovigerous females; to C. Bonilla, J. I. Sanchez and A. Verlade for assistance with the setup of the laboratory system; and to G. Alvarez, M. Batista and A. Bilgray for logistical support. Funding was provided by a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) Short-term Fellowship granted to K.A.K., Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant to F. Guichard (McGill University), Post Graduate Scholarship (NSERC PGS D) to K.A.K., Quebec Ocean funding of F. Guichard and K.A.K. and Smithsonian Marine Science Network funding of R. Collin (STRI). The Autoridad del Canal de Panama (ACP) and the Unidad Administrativa de Bienes Revertidos of the Ministerio de Economia y Finanzas, the Servicio Nacional Aeronaval, provided access to the collection site and the Autoridad de los Recursos Acuaticos de Panama (ARAP) provided the research permit. J. Christy, F. Guichard, R. Collin, J. Luque and two anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU CRUSTACEAN SOC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA SN 0278-0372 EI 1937-240X J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL JI J. Crustac. Biol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 35 IS 2 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002334 PG 6 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE9RM UT WOS:000352181100009 ER PT J AU Hiller, A Williams, JD Boyko, CB AF Hiller, Alexandra Williams, Jason D. Boyko, Christopher B. TI DESCRIPTION OF TWO NEW SPECIES OF INDO-PACIFIC THYLACOPLETHUS AND A NEW RECORD OF THOMPSONIA JAPONICA (RHIZOCEPHALA: AKENTROGONIDA: THOMPSONIIDAE) FROM HERMIT, PORCELAIN, AND MUD CRABS (DECAPODA) BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR DATA SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anomura; Brachyura; Cirripedia; Porcellanidae; Pottsia; Rhizocephala ID FRESH-WATER AB Rhizocephalans of the order Akentrogonida are parasitic barnacles that infest decapods, stomatopods, peracarids, and other cirripedes. Within this order, Thompsoniidae is found in decapods and stomatopods, and is a family comprised of species characterized by having multiple globular reproductive bodies (externae) erupting from the host's extremities and abdominal surface, and connected internally by a root-like system. Two of the four genera currently accepted within Thompsoniidae, Thompsonia and Thylacoplethus, contain perhaps the most morphologically derived species within Akentrogonida. Herein we describe two new species of Thylacoplethus, T porcellanus and T umanguvatus, from the porcellanid and hermit crabs Petrolisthes scabriculus (Dana, 1852) and Calcinus morgani Rahayu and Forest, 1999, respectively. We also redescribe Thompsonia japonica Hafele, 1911 from a xanthid brachyuran crab based on morphological characters and DNA sequences of the nuclear 18S rDNA gene. The new species from the porcellanid crab comprises the first record of an akentrogonid rhizocephalan parasitizing a species of Porcellanidae. We reconstruct a molecular phylogeny of Akentrogonida using new and published DNA sequences, and we discuss our findings within an evolutionary context of host speciation. All species in the four thompsoniid genera are briefly reviewed, and a replacement name is proposed for the preoccupied Pottsia Hoeg and Lutzen, 1993. C1 [Hiller, Alexandra] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Hiller, Alexandra] Univ Giessen, Ctr Excellence Marine Sci, D-35390 Giessen, Germany. [Williams, Jason D.] Hofstra Univ, Dept Biol, Hempstead, NY 11549 USA. [Boyko, Christopher B.] Dowling Coll, Dept Biol, Oakdale, NY 11769 USA. [Boyko, Christopher B.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Hiller, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM hillera@si.edu FU Center of Excellence in Marine Sciences (CEMarin), a Smithsonian-Senacyt grant [COL09-009]; National Science Foundation [DBI-1337525] FX We would like to thank the following people for help in procuring material, and for discussions about the project and other support: Gustav Paulay, Amanda Bemis and John Slapcinsky (Florida Museum of Natural History), Haris Lessios, Laura Geyer, Ligia Rivera, Axel Calderon and Juan Mate (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute), Bernd Werding and Tom Wilke (Justus-Liebig University Giessen), and Linda Klein and Jim Matlock (Islas Secas, Panama). The research was based, in part, upon work supported by the Center of Excellence in Marine Sciences (CEMarin), a Smithsonian-Senacyt grant (COL09-009) awarded to A.H., and a National Science Foundation Grant (DBI-1337525) awarded to J.D.W. (Hofstra University). We are thankful to two reviewers and the associate editor for their comments and suggestions that significantly improved this manuscript. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CRUSTACEAN SOC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA SN 0278-0372 EI 1937-240X J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL JI J. Crustac. Biol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 35 IS 2 BP 202 EP 215 DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002330 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE9RM UT WOS:000352181100011 ER PT J AU Wilson, GDF Shaik, S Reddy, YR AF Wilson, George D. F. Shaik, Shabuddin Reddy, Yenumula Ranga TI A NEW SPECIES OF ANDHRACOIDES WILSON AND RANGA REDDY, 2011 (ISOPODA: HYPAMETOPIDAE) FROM BELUM CAVE, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA, WITH A PHYLOGENETIC REVIEW OF THE FAMILY SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Andhracoides gebaueri n. sp.; cavernicolous; Hypsimetopidae; Isopoda; Phreatoicidea; stygofauna; systematics ID SOUTHEASTERN INDIA; FRESH-WATER; BORRA CAVES; CRUSTACEA; GENUS; PHREATOICIDEA; BATHYNELLACEA; MALACOSTRACA; REVISION; HARPACTICOIDA AB Andhracoides gebaueri n. sp. from Belum Cave is the second hypogean representative of the genus Andhracoides Wilson and Ranga Reddy, 2011, the first one being Andhracoides shabuddin Wilson and Ranga Reddy, 2011, from Guthikonda Cave; both these caves are located in southeastern India. The new species can be easily distinguished from A. shabuddin by the following features: body with elongate robust setae on low bumps adjacent to prominent pereional mid-dorsal setal rows; pereionites wider than long in lateral view; maxillipeds with only one coupling hook each; and distal tip of appendix masculina extending beyond midpoint of the exopod. Discovery of this new species adds to the known diversity and distribution of the Indian hypsimetopid fauna. A key to the taxa of the Indian Hypsimetopidae is given. A phylogenetic analysis of 68 species of Phreatoicidea and out-groups have yielded eight trees with strongly supported clades of Hypsimetopidae, Andhracoides + Nichollsia and Andhracoides. The trees are consistent with Gondwana tectonic separation of Indian-Australian continents and imply that the family as a whole might have an age of origin earlier than the initial separation of India and Australia. Because Hypsimetopidae do not show the derived features of the remainder of the phreatoicideans that appear in the fossil record, their origin could predate the oldest known phreatoicidean fossils in the late Paleozoic. C1 [Wilson, George D. F.] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wilson, George D. F.] Saugatuck Nat Hist Lab, Saugatuck, MI USA. [Shaik, Shabuddin; Reddy, Yenumula Ranga] Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Dept Zool, Nagarjuna Nagar 522510, Andhra Pradesh, India. RP Wilson, GDF (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM buzwilson@gmail.com RI Shaik, Shabuddin/E-1524-2016 OI Shaik, Shabuddin/0000-0002-5906-2105 FU Australian Biological Resources Survey; Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi [SR/SO/AS-21/2011]; Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India, New Delhi [22018/08/2010-CS] FX We thank Sue Lindsay, Australian Museum Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, for taking the SEM images for us and advising us on specimen preparation. This research was supported by a grant from the Australian Biological Resources Survey, and by the Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India, New Delhi, under the Research Projects SR/SO/AS-21/2011, and 22018/08/2010-CS (Tax), respectively. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU CRUSTACEAN SOC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA SN 0278-0372 EI 1937-240X J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL JI J. Crustac. Biol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 35 IS 2 BP 216 EP 240 DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002333 PG 25 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE9RM UT WOS:000352181100012 ER PT J AU Farine, DR Sheldon, BC AF Farine, D. R. Sheldon, B. C. TI Selection for territory acquisition is modulated by social network structure in a wild songbird SO JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fission-fusion dynamics; group-living; natural selection; Paridae; phenotypic composition; population structure; social network analysis; social selection ID MIXED-SPECIES FLOCKS; INTERACTING PHENOTYPES; BIRD POPULATION; NATAL DISPERSAL; FITNESS CONSEQUENCES; EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS; NATURAL-SELECTION; ECOLOGICAL CAUSES; SEXUAL SELECTION; DECISION-MAKING AB The social environment may be a key mediator of selection that operates on animals. In many cases, individuals may experience selection not only as a function of their phenotype, but also as a function of the interaction between their phenotype and the phenotypes of the conspecifics they associate with. For example, when animals settle after dispersal, individuals may benefit from arriving early, but, in many cases, these benefits will be affected by the arrival times of other individuals in their local environment. We integrated a recently described method for calculating assortativity on weighted networks, which is the correlation between an individual's phenotype and that of its associates, into an existing framework for measuring the magnitude of social selection operating on phenotypes. We applied this approach to large-scale data on social network structure and the timing of arrival into the breeding area over three years. We found that late-arriving individuals had a reduced probability of breeding. However, the probability of breeding was also influenced by individuals' social networks. Associating with late-arriving conspecifics increased the probability of successfully acquiring a breeding territory. Hence, social selection could offset the effects of nonsocial selection. Given parallel theoretical developments of the importance of local network structure on population processes, and increasing data being collected on social networks in free-living populations, the integration of these concepts could yield significant insights into social evolution. C1 [Farine, D. R.; Sheldon, B. C.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Farine, D. R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. [Farine, D. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Farine, DR (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. EM damien.farine@zoo.ox.ac.uk RI Sheldon, Ben/A-8056-2010; OI Sheldon, Ben/0000-0002-5240-7828; Farine, Damien/0000-0003-2208-7613 FU ERC [AdG 250164]; BBSRC [BB/L006081/1]; NSF [NSF-IOS 1250895] FX We are grateful to the many fieldworkers who collected reproductive data and to the members of the EGI Social Network group who collected winter social data. The work was funded by an ERC Advanced Grant (AdG 250164) to BCS. DRF received additional funding from grants by the BBSRC (BB/L006081/1) awarded to BCS and the NSF (NSF-IOS 1250895) awarded to Margaret C. Crofoot. NR 60 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 10 U2 43 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1010-061X EI 1420-9101 J9 J EVOLUTION BIOL JI J. Evol. Biol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 28 IS 3 BP 547 EP 556 DI 10.1111/jeb.12587 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CF5WQ UT WOS:000352628400004 PM 25611344 ER PT J AU Ihle, KE Rueppell, O Huang, ZY Wang, Y Fondrk, MK Page, RE Amdam, GV AF Ihle, Kate E. Rueppell, Olav Huang, Zachary Y. Wang, Ying Fondrk, M. Kim Page, Robert E., Jr. Amdam, Gro V. TI Genetic Architecture of a Hormonal Response to Gene Knockdown in Honey Bees SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; complex trait genetics; genetic architecture juvenile hormone; social evolution; vitellogenin ID DIVISION-OF-LABOR; APIS-MELLIFERA L.; REPRODUCTIVE GROUND PLAN; COLONY-LEVEL SELECTION; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; JUVENILE-HORMONE; AGE POLYETHISM; LIFE-HISTORY; DROSOPHILA; WORKERS AB Variation in endocrine signaling is proposed to underlie the evolution and regulation of social life histories, but the genetic architecture of endocrine signaling is still poorly understood. An excellent example of a hormonally influenced set of social traits is found in the honey bee (Apis mellifera): a dynamic and mutually suppressive relationship between juvenile hormone (JH) and the yolk precursor protein vitellogenin (Vg) regulates behavioral maturation and foraging of workers. Several other traits cosegregate with these behavioral phenotypes, comprising the pollen hoarding syndrome (PHS) one of the best-described animal behavioral syndromes. Genotype differences in responsiveness of JH to Vg are a potential mechanistic basis for the PHS. Here, we reduced Vg expression via RNA interference in progeny from a backcross between 2 selected lines of honey bees that differ in JH responsiveness to Vg reduction and measured JH response and ovary size, which represents another key aspect of the PHS. Genetic mapping based on restriction site-associated DNA tag sequencing identified suggestive quantitative trait loci (QTL) for ovary size and JH responsiveness. We confirmed genetic effects on both traits near many QTL that had been identified previously for their effect on various PHS traits. Thus, our results support a role for endocrine control of complex traits at a genetic level. Furthermore, this first example of a genetic map of a hormonal response to gene knockdown in a social insect helps to refine the genetic understanding of complex behaviors and the physiology that may underlie behavioral control in general. C1 [Ihle, Kate E.; Wang, Ying; Fondrk, M. Kim; Page, Robert E., Jr.; Amdam, Gro V.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ihle, Kate E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. [Rueppell, Olav] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. [Huang, Zachary Y.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fondrk, M. Kim] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Amdam, Gro V.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Biochem & Food Sci, NO-1432 As, Norway. RP Ihle, KE (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Ancon, Panama. EM kateihle@gmail.com OI Rueppell, Olav/0000-0001-5370-4229 FU National Science Foundation [0910330]; Arizona State University; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Research Council of Norway [216776/F11]; United Stated Department of Agriculture (NIFA) [2010-65104-20533]; National Institutes of Health [NIGMS: R15GM102753, NIA: R21AG046837] FX National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement (0910330 to K.E.I.); Arizona State University. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Research Council of Norway (216776/F11 to L.E.); United Stated Department of Agriculture (NIFA Award #2010-65104-20533 to O.R.); National Institutes of Health (NIGMS: R15GM102753 and NIA: R21AG046837). NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 EI 1465-7333 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 106 IS 2 BP 155 EP 165 DI 10.1093/jhered/esu086 PG 11 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CF1HV UT WOS:000352296600002 PM 25596612 ER PT J AU Kerr, KA Cornejo, A Guichard, F Abril, ACC Collin, R AF Kerr, Kecia A. Cornejo, Anabell Guichard, Frederic Crespi Abril, Augusto C. Collin, Rachel TI Planktonic predation risk: effects of diel state, season and prey life history stage SO JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE size-dependent predation; plankton tethering unit; predator-prey interaction; mortality; diel cycle ID MARINE INVERTEBRATE LARVAE; COPEPOD EUCHAETA-ELONGATA; VERTICAL MIGRATION; CORAL-REEF; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS; SELECTIVE PREDATION; CYCLOPOID COPEPOD; VISUAL PREDATION; FEEDING PATTERNS; FISH PREDATORS AB Predation is considered an important source of mortality for plankton, but documenting variation in planktonic predation, particularly across interacting environmental cycles, remains logistically difficult, thus our understanding remains limited. To test for the combined effects of prey life history stage, diel or light level phase (including crepuscular periods) and seasonal upwelling on the risk of predation, we deployed tethered adult and larval brine shrimp Artemia franciscana using dock-based plankton tethering units (PTUs). Risk was higher overall during upwelling, but life history stage also interacted with season. There was no seasonal difference in risk for adults. Larvae were at significantly lower risk of predation during non-upwelling than during upwelling. Larvae were also at lower risk during non-upwelling than were adults during either season. During upwelling, there was no significant difference in risk between the two prey categories. With respect to the diel cycle, dusk was safer than daytime. For larvae, the diel pattern in risk remained consistent across seasons while risk for adults at night was slightly lower during upwelling than during non-upwelling. Variation in planktonic predation risk across diel and seasonal cycles differs for different life history stages and thus, generalizations fail to capture the complexity of interactions between factors. C1 [Kerr, Kecia A.; Guichard, Frederic] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Kerr, Kecia A.; Cornejo, Anabell; Collin, Rachel] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Kerr, Kecia A.; Guichard, Frederic; Collin, Rachel] McGill Univ, Fac Sci, McGill Stri Neotrop Environm Opt NEO, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T6, Canada. [Cornejo, Anabell] Univ Bremen, Dept Biol & Chem, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Crespi Abril, Augusto C.] Ctr Nacl Patagon, Area Biol & Manejo Recursos Aguat, Lab Peces & Mariscos Interes Comercial LAPEMAR, RA-9120 Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina. RP Kerr, KA (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, RN Robertson Bldg,Bldg 46,Biol Pl, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM kecia.kerr@mail.mcgill.ca FU Smithsonian Marine Science Network; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Quebec Ocean; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de Argentina (CONICET) [3462] FX This work was funded by the Smithsonian Marine Science Network (grant awarded to R.C.]; the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) (grant to F.G.), Quebec Ocean (to K.A.K. and F.G.); and the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de Argentina (CONICET) (Resolucion D No 3462, Postdoctoral Internship Fellowship to A.C.C.A.). NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0142-7873 EI 1464-3774 J9 J PLANKTON RES JI J. Plankton Res. PD MAR-APR PY 2015 VL 37 IS 2 BP 452 EP 461 DI 10.1093/plankt/fbv006 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA CF3ZK UT WOS:000352487600016 ER PT J AU Falcon-Lang, HJ Labandeira, C Kirk, R AF Falcon-Lang, Howard J. Labandeira, Conrad Kirk, Ruth TI HERBIVOROUS AND DETRITIVOROUS ARTHROPOD TRACE FOSSILS ASSOCIATED WITH SUBHUMID VEGETATION IN THE MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN OF SOUTHERN BRITAIN SO PALAIOS LA English DT Article ID ORIBATID MITES ACARI; PLANT ANIMAL INTERACTIONS; OLD RED SANDSTONE; NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-YORK; CORDAITALEAN TREES; JUVENILE INSTARS; FERN PSARONIUS; LAND ANIMALS; INSECT AB We describe plant-arthropod associations from the Middle Pennsylvanian (late Bolsovian-early Asturian) Pennant Sandstone Formation of southern Britain. Our material comprises calcified cordaitaleans and tree-fern axes, preserved in braided channel deposits, and interpreted as remains of subhumid riparian vegetation distinct from that of coeval coal swamps. The first plant-arthropod association, attributed to herbivorous insects, comprises cambial damage to cordaitalean leafy branches, resulting in traumatic wound response. The second and most widespread association, attributable to detritivorous oribatid mites, includes tunnels and galleries containing widely scattered, clustered, or densely packed microcoprolites within the inner root mantle of marattialean tree ferns and cordaitalean trunks and branches. Diameter data for tunnels and microcoprolites are multimodal, recording four or five instars of oribatid mites that parallel instar-based fecal pellet and body lengths in modern taxa. The third association attributed, possibly, to an arthropleurid, comprises a single, very large (19 x 14 mm) coprolite. Included plant fragments support a previous conjecture that arborescent lycopsids formed part of this iconic arthropod's diet. Mucus-lined burrows within the macrocoprolite imply that fecal material was processed by annelids. The high diversity and frequency of plant-arthropod associations are unusual for Mid-Pennsylvanian time, and may reflect previously undetected interactions in those ecosystems that lay outside "coal forest swamps." C1 [Falcon-Lang, Howard J.; Kirk, Ruth] Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Falcon-Lang, Howard J.] Univ Munster, Geol Palaontol Inst, Forsch Stelle Palaobot, D-48143 Munster, Germany. [Labandeira, Conrad] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad] Univ Maryland, BEES Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Falcon-Lang, HJ (reprint author), Univ London Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. EM h.falcon-lang@es.rhul.ac.uk FU Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/F014120/2]; Nuffield Undergraduate Research Scholarship FX HFL gratefully acknowledges receipt of a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Advanced Fellowship (NE/F014120/2) held at Royal Holloway, University of London. RK acknowledges receipt of a Nuffield Undergraduate Research Scholarship. This is contribution 234 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems consortium at the National Museum of Natural History, in Washington, D.C. We thank Roy Norton for assistance on the modern oribatid mite literature. NR 120 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY PI TULSA PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA SN 0883-1351 EI 1938-5323 J9 PALAIOS JI Palaios PD MAR 1 PY 2015 VL 30 IS 3 BP 192 EP 206 DI 10.2110/palo.2014.082 PG 15 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA CF1BA UT WOS:000352277300003 ER PT J AU Visser, MD McMahon, SM Merow, C Dixon, PM Record, S Jongejans, E AF Visser, Marco D. McMahon, Sean M. Merow, Cory Dixon, Philip M. Record, Sydne Jongejans, Eelke TI Speeding Up Ecological and Evolutionary Computations in R; Essentials of High Performance Computing for Biologists SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MODELS; SCIENCE; TREE; DEPENDENCE; PLANT; SEED AB Computation has become a critical component of research in biology. A risk has emerged that computational and programming challenges may limit research scope, depth, and quality. We review various solutions to common computational efficiency problems in ecological and evolutionary research. Our review pulls together material that is currently scattered across many sources and emphasizes those techniques that are especially effective for typical ecological and environmental problems. We demonstrate how straightforward it can be to write efficient code and implement techniques such as profiling or parallel computing. We supply a newly developed R package (aprof) that helps to identify computational bottlenecks in R code and determine whether optimization can be effective. Our review is complemented by a practical set of examples and detailed Supporting Information material (S1-S3 Texts) that demonstrate large improvements in computational speed (ranging from 10.5 times to 14,000 times faster). By improving computational efficiency, biologists can feasibly solve more complex tasks, ask more ambitious questions, and include more sophisticated analyses in their research. C1 [Visser, Marco D.; Jongejans, Eelke] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Expt Plant Ecol, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Visser, Marco D.; Jongejans, Eelke] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Anim Ecol & Ecophysiol, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Visser, Marco D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Program Appl Ecol, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [McMahon, Sean M.; Merow, Cory] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Merow, Cory] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT USA. [Dixon, Philip M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA. [Record, Sydne] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA USA. [Record, Sydne] Bryn Mawr Coll, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. RP Visser, MD (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Expt Plant Ecol, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM m.visser@science.ru.nl RI Jongejans, Eelke/B-4832-2008 OI Jongejans, Eelke/0000-0003-1148-7419 FU Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research [NWO-ALW 801-01-009, NWO-ALW 840.11.001]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; USA National Science Foundation [NSF 640261] FX We thank the Evolutionary Biodemography Laboratory and the Modelling the Evolution of Ageing Independent Group of the Max Planck Society for Demographic Research (http://www.mpg.de) in Rostock (Germany) and Odense (Denmark)) for supporting the working group where this paper was initiated. This study was supported by the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (www.nwo.nl, NWO-ALW 801-01-009 to MDV & EJ; NWO-ALW 840.11.001 to EJ), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (www.stri.si.edu, MDV) and the USA National Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov NSF 640261 to SMM). The funders had no role in the preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-734X EI 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 11 IS 3 AR e1004140 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004140 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA CE9XB UT WOS:000352195700035 PM 25811842 ER PT J AU Lasley, RM Klaus, S Ng, PKL AF Lasley, Robert M., Jr. Klaus, Sebastian Ng, Peter K. L. TI Phylogenetic relationships of the ubiquitous coral reef crab subfamily Chlorodiellinae (Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae) SO ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID H. MILNE EDWARDS; CRUSTACEA; GENUS; REVISION; GARTHIELLA; XANTHOIDEA; MORPHOLOGY; RATHBUN; TOOL AB The xanthid subfamily Chlorodiellinae is one of the most ubiquitous coral reef crab taxa in the Indo-West Pacific region. Many species are common in coral rubble and rocky shores from Hawaii to eastern Africa, often dominating reef cryptofauna in terms of biomass. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial (COX1, 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (histone H3) gene sequences of 202 specimens indicate that the Chlorodiellinae is polyphyletic as presently defined. Three genera, Pilodius, Cyclodius and Chlorodiella, and two previously undescribed lineages were recovered as a well-supported clade. In combination with morphological data, the subfamily is redefined and restricted to this clade. Two new genera, Soliella gen. n., and Luniella gen. n., are described based on features of the carapace, male thoracic sternum and male gonopods. The remaining chlorodielline genera and members of the Etisinae, a subfamily with supposedly close morphological affinities to the Chlorodiellinae, were recovered at various positions throughout the xanthid phylogeny, although with relatively low support values. These results reiterate the unresolved status of xanthid subfamilial relationships, but nevertheless provide progress for xanthid systematics. C1 [Lasley, Robert M., Jr.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 119260, Singapore. [Lasley, Robert M., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Klaus, Sebastian] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Klaus, Sebastian] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Ecol & Evolut, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Ng, Peter K. L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Raffles Museum Biodivers Res, Singapore 119260, Singapore. RP Lasley, RM (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 119260, Singapore. EM rlasleyjr@gmail.com; klaus@bio.uni-frankfurt.de; peterng@nus.edu.sg NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0300-3256 EI 1463-6409 J9 ZOOL SCR JI Zool. Scr. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 44 IS 2 BP 165 EP 178 DI 10.1111/zsc.12094 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA CF5PB UT WOS:000352608100004 ER PT J AU Owens, D Nuessly, GS Gates, M AF Owens, David Nuessly, Gregg S. Gates, Michael TI Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as a potential natural enemy of maize-infesting Ulidiidae SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Pachycrepoideus vindemmia; Euxesta eluta; Ulidiidae; insecticides ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; CORN; PARASITOIDS; PESTS AB Euxesta annonae Fabricius, E. eluta Loew, E. stigmatias Loew, and Chaetopsis massyla Walker (Diptera: Ulidiidae) are primary sweet corn pests in Florida. Few natural enemies of these flies are known. The pupal parasitoid Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae Rondani (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) was discovered in a laboratory colony of E. eluta and E. stigmatias, and its potential as a biological control agent was studied. Development times in fresh, chilled, and frozen E. eluta pupae were recorded. Fly larvae were allowed to dig into soil to pupate, and pupae covered by 2.5 cm of soil were presented to wasps to determine if Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae could locate them. Finally, to evaluate susceptibility to insecticides commercially used in ear-stage sweet corn, adult parasitoids were caged on maize leaves treated with chlorpyrifos, methomyl, or zeta cypermethrin for 24 h. Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae completed development in normal, chilled, and frozen fly pupae in 15-17 days. None of the fly pupae covered by soil were parasitized. Chlorpyrifos and methomyl residues killed >95% of Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae within 24 h. Zeta cypermethrin was slower acting, but resulted in 50% mortality after 24 h. Therefore, Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae does not appear to be well suited as an effective biological control agent of maize-infesting Ulidiidae in sweet corn fields. This is the first known account of this cosmopolitan parasitoid attacking maize-infesting ulidiids. C1 [Owens, David; Nuessly, Gregg S.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Gates, Michael] USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Owens, D (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. EM owensd119@ufl.edu NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 98 IS 1 BP 276 EP 279 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE8JD UT WOS:000352087500044 ER PT J AU Kim, M Nam, SW Shin, W Coats, DW Park, MG AF Kim, Miran Nam, Seung Won Shin, Woongghi Coats, D. Wayne Park, Myung Gil TI Fate of green plastids in Dinophysis caudata following ingestion of the benthic ciliate Mesodinium coatsi: Ultrastructure and psbA gene SO HARMFUL ALGAE LA English DT Article DE Chroomonas; Dinophysis; Heterotrophy; Mesodinium coatsi; Plastid ID PERMANENT PLASTIDS; MYRIONECTA-RUBRA; DINOFLAGELLATE; KLEPTOPLASTIDY; ACUMINATA; CHLOROPLASTS; ORIGIN; WATERS; PHYLOGENY; NORVEGICA AB Phototrophic Dinophysis species are known to acquire plastids of the cryptophyte Teleaulax amphioxeia through feeding on the ciliate Mesodinium rubrum or M. cf. rubrum. In addition, several molecular studies have detected plastid encoding genes of various algal taxa within field populations of Dinophysis species. The trophic pathway by which Dinophysis species acquire plastids from algae other than the cryptophyte genus Teleaulax, however, is unknown. In this study, we examined the fate of prey organelles and plastid genes obtained by Dinophysis caudata through ingestion of Mesodinium coatsi, a benthic ciliate that retains green plastids of Chroomonas sp. Transmission electron microscopy and molecular analysis revealed relatively rapid digestion of prey-derived plastids. Following digestion of M. coatsi, however, photodamaged D. caudata cells having olive-green rather than reddish-brown plastids were able to recover some of their original reddish-brown pigmentation. Results further suggest that plastid genes of various algal taxa detected in field populations of Dinophysis species may reflect prey diversity rather than sequestration of multiple plastid types. Ingestion and digestion of prey other than M. rubrum or M. cf. rubrum may also provide nutritional requirements needed to repair and perhaps maintain sequestered T. amphioxeia plastids. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Miran; Park, Myung Gil] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Oceanog, LOHABE, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Nam, Seung Won; Shin, Woongghi] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Coats, D. Wayne] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Park, MG (reprint author), Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Oceanog, LOHABE, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. EM mpark@chonnam.ac.kr RI Kim, Miran/P-5739-2014 OI Kim, Miran/0000-0002-1958-3125 FU Mid-career Researcher Program through National Research Foundation of Korea - Korean Government [NRF-2014R1A2A2A01004586]; National Research Foundation of Korea - Korean Government (MEST) [NRF-C1ABA001-2010-0020700] FX This work was supported by Mid-career Researcher Program through National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2014R1A2A2A01004586) and the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (NRF-C1ABA001-2010-0020700) (M.G.P).[SS] NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9883 EI 1878-1470 J9 HARMFUL ALGAE JI Harmful Algae PD MAR PY 2015 VL 43 BP 66 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.hal.2015.02.004 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CE6SQ UT WOS:000351968900007 ER PT J AU Zeder, MA AF Zeder, Melinda A. TI The Origins and Spread of Domestic Animals in Southwest Asia and Europe SO JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Book Review C1 [Zeder, Melinda A.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Zeder, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU UNIV NEW MEXICO, DEPT ANTHROPOL PI ALBUQUERQUE PA MSC01 1040, ANTHROPOLOGY 1, UNIV NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA SN 0091-7710 EI 2153-3806 J9 J ANTHROPOL RES JI J. Anthropol. Res. PD SPR PY 2015 VL 71 IS 1 BP 104 EP 105 PG 2 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA CE4DV UT WOS:000351782200010 ER PT J AU Mocino-Deloya, E Setser, K Heacker, M Peurach, S AF Mocino-Deloya, Estrella Setser, Kirk Heacker, Marcy Peurach, Suzanne TI Diet of New Mexico Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi obscurus) in the Sierra San Luis and Sierra Pan Duro, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SISTRURUS-CATENATUS; EXTINCTION; VIPERIDAE AB We examined the diet of New Mexico Ridge-nosed Rattlesnakes (Crotalus willardi obscurus) from the Sierra San Luis and the Sierra Pan Duro in the northern Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. All snakes included in this study were encountered during August, September, and October in 2003 and 2004. Including recaptures of previously captured individuals, 107 of 199 snakes contained at least one prey item. We examined 103 prey items from 92 of these snakes; some snakes contained multiple prey items. Approximately two-thirds of prey items were ectotherms (54.4% lizards and 13.6% scolopendromorph centipedes); birds (21.4%) and mammals (10.7%) were also taken. The diet of juvenile snakes (n = 32) consisted primarily of lizards (62.5%) and centipedes (25.8%), although large juveniles also consumed mammals (6.3%) and passerine birds (6.3%). Adult snakes (n = 71) fed primarily on lizards (50.7%) and passerine birds (28.2%) but also consumed mammals (12.7%) and centipedes (8.4%). Crotalus willardi in the Sierra San Luis and Sierra Pan Duro consumed more birds than has been reported from C. willardi in nearby populations and continued to consume centipedes as adults. C1 [Mocino-Deloya, Estrella; Setser, Kirk] Univ Granada, Dept Biol Anim, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Heacker, Marcy] Smithsonian Inst, Div Birds, Feather Identificat Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Peurach, Suzanne] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, US Geol Survey Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Mocino-Deloya, E (reprint author), Univ Granada, Dept Biol Anim, E-18071 Granada, Spain. EM allertsemoci@yahoo.com NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 15 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 EI 1937-2418 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD MAR PY 2015 VL 49 IS 1 BP 104 EP 107 DI 10.1670/13-082 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CE1LC UT WOS:000351572100015 ER EF