FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Fang, W Tu, H Huang, JS Shu, CG AF Fang, Wei Tu, Hong Huang, Jiasheng Shu, Chenggang TI Dynamical system of scalar field from 2-dimension to 3-D and its cosmological implications SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID DARK ENERGY; CHAOS; QUINTESSENCE; INFLATION; MODELS AB We give the three-dimensional dynamical autonomous systems for most of the popular scalar field dark energy models including (phantom) quintessence, (phantom) tachyon, K-essence, and general non-canonical scalar field models, change the dynamical variables from variables to observable related variables , and show the intimate relationships between those scalar fields that the three-dimensional system of K-essence can reduce to (phantom) tachyon, general non-canonical scalar field can reduce to (phantom) quintessence and K-essence can also reduce to (phantom) quintessence for some special cases. For the applications of the three-dimensional dynamical systems, we investigate several special cases and give the exactly dynamical solutions in detail. In the end of this paper, we argue that it is more convenient and also has more physical meaning to express the differential equations of dynamical systems in instead of variables and to investigate the dynamical system in three dimensions instead of two dimensions. We also raise a question about the possibility of the chaotic behavior in the spatially flat single scalar field FRW cosmological models in the presence of ordinary matter. C1 [Fang, Wei; Tu, Hong] Shanghai Normal Univ, Dept Phys, 100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. [Fang, Wei; Tu, Hong; Shu, Chenggang] Shanghai Key Lab Astrophys, 100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. [Fang, Wei; Huang, Jiasheng] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Fang, W (reprint author), Shanghai Normal Univ, Dept Phys, 100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China.; Fang, W (reprint author), Shanghai Key Lab Astrophys, 100 Guilin Rd, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China.; Fang, W (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM wfang@shnu.edu.cn FU Chinese National Nature Science Foundation [11333001, 11433003]; 973 Program [2014CB845704]; Shanghai Science Foundations [13JC1404400]; Shanghai Normal University FX We owe a great improvement of this paper to the anonymous referees. This work is partly supported by the Chinese National Nature Science Foundation under Grant No. 11333001, No. 11433003, 973 Program No. 2014CB845704 and Shanghai Science Foundations 13JC1404400. This work is also supported by Shanghai Normal University. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD SEP 8 PY 2016 VL 76 IS 9 AR 492 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4340-1 PG 12 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA DV5FR UT WOS:000382952600001 ER PT J AU Baraniak, E Sohn, JC AF Baraniak, Edward Sohn, Jae-Cheon TI Revised taxonomic status of Eidophasia zukowskyi Amsel, 1938 (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae) with first description of its male and female genitalia SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE distribution; Eidophasia; genitalia; neotype; redescription; syenitella; taxonomy; zukowskyi AB We revise the taxonomic status of Eidophasia zukowskyi Amsel, 1938, and we provide the first descriptions of the genitalia of both sexes. A diagnostic summary is given with illustrations for a similar congener, Eidophasia syenitella (HerrichSchaffer, [1854]). C1 [Baraniak, Edward] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Dept Systemat Zool, Fac Biol, Umultowska 89, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Mokpo Natl Univ, Dept Environm Educ, Dorim Ri 61, Muan 534729, Jeonnam, South Korea. RP Baraniak, E (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Dept Systemat Zool, Fac Biol, Umultowska 89, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. EM baraniak@amu.edu.pl; jay.c.sohn@gmail.com FU Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education [NN303 568538] FX This study was supported by the Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education (grant no. NN303 568538). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD SEP 8 PY 2016 VL 4162 IS 1 BP 164 EP 172 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4162.1.8 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DV8JT UT WOS:000383184000008 PM 27615964 ER PT J AU Wang, FH Lu, JM Wen, J Ebihara, A Li, DZ AF Wang, Fan-Hong Lu, Jin-Mei Wen, Jun Ebihara, Atsushi Li, De-Zhu TI Applying DNA Barcodes to Identify Closely Related Species of Ferns: A Case Study of the Chinese Adiantum (Pteridaceae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RETICULATE EVOLUTION; LAND PLANTS; DRYOPTERIS DRYOPTERIDACEAE; COMPLEX HYMENOPHYLLACEAE; MEISHANIANUM PTERIDACEAE; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; CHLOROPLAST DNA; HYBRID ORIGIN; SEQUENCE DATA; NUCLEAR-DNA AB DNA barcoding is a fast-developing technique to identify species by using short and standard DNA sequences. Universal selection of DNA barcodes in ferns remains unresolved. In this study, five plastid regions (rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, trnL-F and rps4-trnS) and eight nuclear regions (ITS, pgiC, gapC, LEAFY, ITS2, IBR3_2, DET1, and SQD1_1) were screened and evaluated in the fern genus Adiantum from China and neighboring areas. Due to low primer universality (matK) and/or the existence of multiple copies (ITS), the commonly used barcodes matK and ITS were not appropriate for Adiantum. The PCR amplification rate was extremely low in all nuclear genes except for IBR3_2. rbcL had the highest PCR amplification rate (94.33%) and sequencing success rate (90.78%), while trnH-psbA had the highest species identification rate (75%). With the consideration of discriminatory power, cost-efficiency and effort, the two-barcode combination of rbcL + trnH-psbA seems to be the best choice for barcoding Adiantum, and perhaps basal polypod ferns in general. The nuclear IBR3_2 showed 100% PCR amplification success rate in Adiantum, however, it seemed that only diploid species could acquire clean sequences without cloning. With cloning, IBR3_2 can successfully distinguish cryptic species and hybrid species from their related species. Because hybridization and allopolyploidy are common in ferns, we argue for including a selected group of nuclear loci as barcodes, especially via the next-generation sequencing, as it is much more efficient to obtain single-copy nuclear loci without the cloning procedure. C1 [Wang, Fan-Hong; Lu, Jin-Mei; Li, De-Zhu] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Germplasm Bank Wild Species, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Wang, Fan-Hong] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ebihara, Atsushi] Natl Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Bot, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Li, DZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Germplasm Bank Wild Species, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM wenj@si.edu; dzl@mail.kib.ac.cn FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2014CB954100]; Project of Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-EW-J-24]; Applied Fundmental Research Foundation of Yunnan Province [2014GA003, 2014FB168]; Research Fund for the Large-scale Scientific Facilities of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [2009-LSF-GBOWS-01]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31070199] FX The study was supported by The National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB954100), the Project of Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KSCX2-EW-J-24), and the Applied Fundmental Research Foundation of Yunnan Province (Grants No. 2014GA003, 2014FB168), and the Research Fund for the Large-scale Scientific Facilities of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. 2009-LSF-GBOWS-01), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31070199). NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 7 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 9 AR e0160611 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0160611 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DV9IX UT WOS:000383255200005 PM 27603700 ER PT J AU Larkin, A van Donkelaar, A Geddes, JA Martin, RV Hystad, P AF Larkin, Andrew van Donkelaar, Aaron Geddes, Jeffrey A. Martin, Randall V. Hystad, Perry TI Relationships between Changes in Urban Characteristics and Air Quality in East Asia from 2000 to 2010 SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; POLLUTION; CHINA; URBANIZATION; MONITORS; HEALTH; SPACE; FORM AB Characteristics of urban areas, such as density and compactness, are associated with local air pollution concentrations. The potential for altering air pollution through changing urban characteristics, however, is less certain, especially for expanding cities within the developing world. We examined changes in urban characteristics from 2000 to 2010 for 830 cities in East Asia to evaluate associations with changes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution. Urban areas were stratified by population size into small (100 000-250 000), medium, (250 000-1 000 000), and large (>1 000 000). Multivariate regression models including urban baseline characteristics, meteorological variables, and change in urban characteristics explained 37%, 49%, and S4% of the change in NO2 and 29%, 34%, and 37% of the change in PM2.5 for small, medium and large cities, respectively. Change in lights at night strongly predicted change in NO2 and PM2.5, while urban area expansion was strongly associated with NO2 but not PM2.5. Important differences between changes in urban characteristics and pollutant levels were observed by city size, especially NO2. Overall, changes in urban characteristics had a greater impact on NO2 and PM2.5 change than baseline characteristics, suggesting urban design and land use policies can have substantial impacts on local air pollution levels. C1 [Larkin, Andrew; Hystad, Perry] Oregon State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth & Human Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [van Donkelaar, Aaron; Geddes, Jeffrey A.; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Larkin, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth & Human Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Andrew.Larkin@oregonstate.edu FU Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health [DP5OD019850] FX We are grateful to the World Bank Group for creating the World Bank Urban Expansion data set. Research reported in this publication was supported by the Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health under Award Number DP5OD019850. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 6 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 17 BP 9142 EP 9149 DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b02549 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DV3FG UT WOS:000382805800026 PM 27442110 ER PT J AU Shik, JZ Gomez, EB Kooij, PW Santos, JC Wcislo, WT Boomsma, JJ AF Shik, Jonathan Z. Gomez, Ernesto B. Kooij, Pepijn W. Santos, Juan C. Wcislo, William T. Boomsma, Jacobus J. TI Nutrition mediates the expression of cultivar-farmer conflict in a fungus-growing ant SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE social evolution; crop domestication; symbiosis; geometric framework; Mycocepurus smithii ID LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; DIET COMPOSITION; ATTINE ANTS; EVOLUTION; SYMBIONT; COOPERATION; MUTUALISM; GROWTH; REPRODUCTION AB Attine ants evolved farming 55-60 My before humans. Although evolutionarily derived leafcutter ants achieved industrial-scale farming, extant species from basal attine genera continue to farm loosely domesticated fungal cultivars capable of pursuing independent reproductive interests. We used feeding experiments with the basal attine Mycocepurus smithii to test whether reproductive allocation conflicts between farmers and cultivars constrain crop yield, possibly explaining why their mutualism has remained limited in scale and productivity. Stoichiometric and geometric framework approaches showed that carbohydrate-rich substrates maximize growth of both edible hyphae and inedible mushrooms, but that modest protein provisioning can suppress mushroom formation. Worker foraging was consistent with maximizing long-term cultivar performance: ant farmers could neither increase carbohydrate provisioning without cultivars allocating the excess toward mushroom production, nor increase protein provisioning without compromising somatic cultivar growth. Our results confirm that phylogenetically basal attine farming has been very successful over evolutionary time, but that unresolved host-symbiont conflict may have precluded these wildtype symbioses from rising to ecological dominance. That status was achieved by the evolutionarily derived leafcutter ants following full domestication of a coevolving cultivar 30-35 Mya after the first attine ants committed to farming. C1 [Shik, Jonathan Z.; Kooij, Pepijn W.; Boomsma, Jacobus J.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Shik, Jonathan Z.; Gomez, Ernesto B.; Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Kooij, Pepijn W.] Royal Bot Gardens, Jodrell Lab, Comparat Plant & Fungal Biol, Richmond TW9 3DS, Surrey, England. [Santos, Juan C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Shik, JZ (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.; Shik, JZ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM jonathan.shik@gmail.com RI Boomsma, Jacobus/M-2785-2014; OI Boomsma, Jacobus/0000-0002-3598-1609; Kooij, Pepijn/0000-0002-2619-0813 FU Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program; Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship [327940]; Brigham Young University; National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF57] FX We thank M. Smeekes for field assistance; D. Donoso for verifying Mycocepurus smithii identifications; A. Dussutour and D. Nash for statistical guidance and for providing M. smithii images; S. Wilder for advice about diets; and L. Ugelvig, N. Sanders, and M. Poulsen for offering insightful comments on earlier drafts. The Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente y el Mar provided permission to sample ants in Panama and export samples to Denmark. Elemental analyses were performed in the Turner Laboratory at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. J.Z.S. was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program (to W.T.W., J.J.B., and J.Z.S.) and by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship (Grant 327940 Integrating Social Evolution and Metabolic Ecology) hosted by J.J.B. J.C.S. thanks Jack W. Sites Jr. (Brigham Young University) and the National Science Foundation for financial support as a postdoctoral fellow. Additional support was provided by general research funds from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (to W.T.W.) and Danish National Research Foundation Grant DNRF57 (to J.J.B.). NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 6 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 36 BP 10121 EP 10126 DI 10.1073/pnas.1606128113 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DV7CU UT WOS:000383094500049 PM 27551065 ER PT J AU Lima, DJM Lemaitre, R AF Marcondes Lima, Daniel Jose Lemaitre, Rafael TI A new species of hermit crab of the genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 (Crustacea: Anomura: Paguridae) from the southern Caribbean off Venezuela SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Crustacea; Decapoda Anomura; Paguridae; new species; Pagurus scopaopsis; Caribbean Sea AB A male specimen of a new species of the heterogeneous genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775, collected in 1968 off the Caribbean coast of Venezuela, was discovered among the vast crustacean collections of the Smithsonian Institution. This new species herein described and illustrated is named P. scopaopsis, and is characterized primarily by the presence of: a brushlike setation pattern on the dactyl of the left third pereopod, dense small tubercles on the dorsal surfaces of the dactyl and fixed finger of the right chela, and a raised longitudinal ridge armed with spines on the palm and fixed finger of the left chela. C1 [Marcondes Lima, Daniel Jose] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Dept Zool, Inst Biociencias, Dist Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Lemaitre, Rafael] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Lemaitre, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM danieljmlima@gmail.com; lemaitrr@si.edu RI Gesseff, Ednilson/A-3019-2017; Lima, Daniel/C-6387-2015 OI Lima, Daniel/0000-0002-3039-9134 FU CAPES as part of the "Sandwich" PhD Program [PDSE 99999.006627/2015-03]; Department of Invertebrate Zoology's Rathbun Fund for crustacean research FX DL thanks CAPES (PDSE 99999.006627/2015-03) for awarding a scholarship as part of the "Sandwich" PhD Program, to travel to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC; the USNM's Department of Invertebrate Zoology for providing space and access to the collections during a 4-months stay (August to November, 2015); and the Department of Invertebrate Zoology's Rathbun Fund for crustacean research, for supplemental financial support for the stay in Washington DC. Rose Gulledge made the final preparations of the digital versions of the figures for the journal. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD SEP 6 PY 2016 VL 4161 IS 3 BP 445 EP 450 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.12 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DV8JG UT WOS:000383182700012 PM 27615944 ER PT J AU Brennecke, D Duarte, B Paiva, F Cacador, I Canning-Clode, J AF Brennecke, Dennis Duarte, Bernardo Paiva, Filipa Cacador, Isabel Canning-Clode, Joao TI Microplastics as vector for heavy metal contamination from the marine environment SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Heavy metals; Microplastics; Adsorption; Antifouling substances; Polystyrene; Polyvinyl chloride ID PLASTIC PRODUCTION PELLETS; RESIN PELLETS; TRACE-METALS; TAGUS ESTUARY; NORTH-SEA; INGESTION; DEBRIS; ACCUMULATION; PARTICLES; ADSORPTION AB The permanent presence of microplastics in the marine environment is considered a global threat to several marine animals. Heavy metals and microplastics are typically included in two different classes of pollutants but the interaction between these two stressors is poorly understood. During 14 days of experimental manipulation, we examined the adsorption of two heavy metals, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), leached from an antifouling paint to virgin polystyrene (PS) beads and aged polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fragments in seawater. We demonstrated that heavy metals were released from the antifouling paint to the water and both microplastic types adsorbed the two heavy metals. This adsorption kinetics was described using partition coefficients and mathematical models. Partition coefficients between pellets and water ranged between 650 and 850 for Cu on PS and PVC, respectively. The adsorption of Cu was significantly greater in PVC fragments than in PS, probably due to higher surface area and polarity of PVC. Concentrations of Cu and Zn increased significantly on PVC and PS over the course of the experiment with the exception of Zn on PS. As a result, we show a significant interaction between these types of microplastics and heavy metals, which can have implications for marine life and the environment. These results strongly support recent findings where plastics can play a key role as vectors for heavy metal ions in the marine system. Finally, our findings highlight the importance of monitoring marine litter and heavy metals, mainly associated with antifouling paints, particularly in the framework of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brennecke, Dennis; Paiva, Filipa; Canning-Clode, Joao] MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Estacao Biol Marinha Funchal, P-9000107 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. [Duarte, Bernardo; Cacador, Isabel] Univ Lisbon, Fac Sci, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Paiva, Filipa] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Marine Ecol, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Univ Azores, Ctr IMAR, Dept Oceanog & Fisheries, Rua Prof Dr Frederico Machado 4, P-9901862 Horta, Azores, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Brennecke, D (reprint author), MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Estacao Biol Marinha Funchal, P-9000107 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. EM dbrennecke@hotmail.de OI Canning Clode, Joao/0000-0003-2143-6535; Duarte, Bernardo/0000-0003-1914-7435 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) [UID/MAR/04292/2013]; FCT throughout a PhD grant [SFRH/BD/75951/2011]; starting grant in the framework of the FCT Investigator Programme [IF/01606/2014/CP1230/CT0001] FX The authors would like to thank to the "Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT)" for funding the research in the Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE) throughout the project UID/MAR/04292/2013. B. Duarte investigation was supported by FCT throughout a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/75951/2011). J. Canning-Clode was supported by a starting grant in the framework of the 2014 FCT Investigator Programme (IF/01606/2014/CP1230/CT0001). This is contribution number 30 of the Marine Biology Station of Funchal. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 91 U2 91 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD SEP 5 PY 2016 VL 178 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.12.003 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DT0HQ UT WOS:000381164900019 ER PT J AU Leray, M Knowlton, N AF Leray, Matthieu Knowlton, Nancy TI Censusing marine eukaryotic diversity in the twenty-first century SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE meiofauna; protist; plankton; metabarcoding; 18S ID METAGENETIC COMMUNITY ANALYSIS; DEEP-SEA; DNA BARCODE; BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT; MICROBIAL EUKARYOTES; PLANKTONIC COPEPODS; CLUSTERING METHODS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; RARE BIOSPHERE AB The ocean constitutes one of the vastest and richest biomes on our planet. Most recent estimations, all based on indirect approaches, suggest that there are millions of marine eukaryotic species. Moreover, a large majority of these are small (less than 1 mm), cryptic and still unknown to science. However, this knowledge gap, caused by the lack of diagnostic morphological features in small organisms and the limited sampling of the global ocean, is currently being filled, thanks to new DNA-based approaches. The molecular technique of PCR amplification of homologous gene regions combined with high throughput sequencing, routinely used to census unculturable prokaryotes, is now also being used to characterize whole communities of marine eukaryotes. Here, we review how this methodological advancement has helped to better quantify the magnitude and patterns of marine eukaryotic diversity, with an emphasis on taxonomic groups previously largely overlooked. We then discuss obstacles remaining to achieve a global understanding of marine eukaryotic diversity. In particular, we argue that 18S variable regions do not provide sufficient taxonomic resolution to census marine life, and suggest combining broad eukaryotic surveys targeting the 18S rRNA region with more taxon-focused analyses of hypervariable regions to improve our understanding of the diversity of species, the functional units of marine ecosystems. This article is part of the themed issue 'From DNA barcodes to biomes'. C1 [Leray, Matthieu; Knowlton, Nancy] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Leray, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM leray.upmc@gmail.com FU Sant Chair of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History FX The Sant Chair of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History funded this work. NR 111 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 39 U2 47 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD SEP 5 PY 2016 VL 371 IS 1702 AR 20150331 DI 10.1098/rstb.2015.0331 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DT8XT UT WOS:000381779700009 ER PT J AU Miller, SE Hausmann, A Hallwachs, W Janzen, DH AF Miller, Scott E. Hausmann, Axel Hallwachs, Winnie Janzen, Daniel H. TI Advancing taxonomy and bioinventories with DNA barcodes SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE DNA barcoding; cytochrome c oxidase I; biodiversity; interim taxonomy; Lepidoptera ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; LEPIDOPTERA-GEOMETRIDAE; SPECIES RICHNESS; BIODIVERSITY; CATERPILLARS; FOREST AB We use three examples field and ecology-based inventories in Costa Rica and Papua New Guinea and a museum and taxonomic-based inventory of the moth family Geometridae-to demonstrate the use of DNA barcoding (a short sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene) in biodiversity inventories, from facilitating workflows of identification of freshly collected specimens from the field, to describing the overall diversity of megadiverse taxa from museum collections, and most importantly linking the fresh specimens, the general museum collections and historic type specimens. The process also flushes out unexpected sibling species hiding under long-applied scientific names, thereby clarifying and parsing previously mixed collateral data. The Barcode of Life Database has matured to an essential interactive platform for the multi-authored and multi-process collaboration. The BIN system of creating and tracking DNA sequence-based clusters as proxies for species has become a powerful way around some parts of the 'taxonomic impediment', especially in entomology, by providing fast but testable and tractable species hypotheses, tools for visualizing the distribution of those in time and space and an interim naming system for communication. This article is part of the themed issue 'From DNA barcodes to biomes'. C1 [Miller, Scott E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hausmann, Axel] SNSB Zool Staatssammlung Munchen, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Hallwachs, Winnie; Janzen, Daniel H.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Miller, SE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM millers@si.edu OI Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378 FU USA National Science Foundation; Czech National Science Foundation; USA National Institutes of Health; Natural History Museum (London); PNG National Agriculture Research Institute; University of Minnesota; US National Science Foundation [BSR 9024770, DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699]; Wege Foundation; International Conservation Fund of Canada; Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust; Blue Moon Fund; Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; Permian Global; University of Pennsylvania; Bavarian Ministry of Science, Research and Art (Bayerisches Staatsministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Munich, Germany); 'German Barcode of Life' project by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung) FX The Papua New Guinea work has been supported by the USA and Czech National Science Foundations, USA National Institutes of Health, Natural History Museum (London), PNG National Agriculture Research Institute, and University of Minnesota. The ACG study has been supported by US National Science Foundation grants BSR 9024770 and DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699, and grants from the Wege Foundation, International Conservation Fund of Canada, Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust, Blue Moon Fund, Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Permian Global and University of Pennsylvania (D.H.J. & W.H.). The work on the DNA library for Geometridae (museum specimens) represents a contribution to WG1.9 of the International Barcode of Life Project. The collection and processing of specimens were partly funded as components of the 'Barcoding Fauna Bavarica' project by the Bavarian Ministry of Science, Research and Art (Bayerisches Staatsministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Munich, Germany), the 'German Barcode of Life' project by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung). NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 22 U2 24 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD SEP 5 PY 2016 VL 371 IS 1702 AR 20150339 DI 10.1098/rstb.2015.0339 PG 8 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DT8XT UT WOS:000381779700004 ER PT J AU Zhou, X Frandsen, PB Holzenthal, RW Beet, CR Bennett, KR Blahnik, RJ Bonada, N Cartwright, D Chuluunbat, S Cocks, GV Collins, GE Dewaard, J Dean, J Flint, OS Hausmann, A Hendrich, L Hess, M Hogg, ID Kondratieff, BC Malicky, H Milton, MA Moriniere, J Morse, JC Mwangi, FN Pauls, SU Gonzalez, MR Rinne, A Robinson, JL Salokannel, J Shackleton, M Smith, B Stamatakis, A StClair, R Thomas, JA Zamora-Munoz, C Ziesmann, T Kjer, KM AF Zhou, Xin Frandsen, Paul B. Holzenthal, Ralph W. Beet, Clare R. Bennett, Kristi R. Blahnik, Roger J. Bonada, Nuria Cartwright, David Chuluunbat, Suvdtsetseg Cocks, Graeme V. Collins, Gemma E. deWaard, Jeremy Dean, John Flint, Oliver S., Jr. Hausmann, Axel Hendrich, Lars Hess, Monika Hogg, Ian D. Kondratieff, Boris C. Malicky, Hans Milton, Megan A. Moriniere, Jerome Morse, John C. Mwangi, Francois Ngera Pauls, Steffen U. Razo Gonzalez, Maria Rinne, Aki Robinson, Jason L. Salokannel, Juha Shackleton, Michael Smith, Brian Stamatakis, Alexandros StClair, Ros Thomas, Jessica A. Zamora-Munoz, Carmen Ziesmann, Tanja Kjer, Karl M. TI The Trichoptera barcode initiative: a strategy for generating a species-level Tree of Life SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE DNA barcodes; caddisfly; phylogeny; integrative taxonomy ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CADDISFLIES INSECTA; CRYPTIC DIVERSITY; DNA BARCODES; MITOCHONDRIAL; HYDROPSYCHIDAE; LIMNEPHILIDAE; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; TAXONOMY AB DNA barcoding was intended as a means to provide species-level identifications through associating DNA sequences from unknown specimens to those from curated reference specimens. Although barcodes were not designed for phylogenetics, they can be beneficial to the completion of the Tree of Life. The barcode database for Trichoptera is relatively comprehensive, with data from every family, approximately two-thirds of the genera, and one-third of the described species. Most Trichoptera, as with most of life's species, have never been subjected to any formal phylogenetic analysis. Here, we present a phylogeny with over 16 000 unique haplotypes as a working hypothesis that can be updated as our estimates improve. We suggest a strategy of implementing constrained tree searches, which allow larger datasets to dictate the backbone phylogeny, while the barcode data fill out the tips of the tree. We also discuss how this phylogeny could be used to focus taxonomic attention on ambiguous species boundaries and hidden biodiversity. We suggest that systematists continue to differentiate between 'Barcode Index Numbers' (BINs) and 'species' that have been formally described. Each has utility, but they are not synonyms. We highlight examples of integrative taxonomy, using both barcodes and morphology for species description. This article is part of the themed issue 'From DNA barcodes to biomes'. C1 [Zhou, Xin] China Agr Univ, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Food Nutr & Human Hlth, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Xin] China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Frandsen, Paul B.] Smithsonian Inst, Off Res Informat Serv, Off Chief Informat Officer, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Holzenthal, Ralph W.; Blahnik, Roger J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, 1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Beet, Clare R.; Bennett, Kristi R.; Collins, Gemma E.; Hogg, Ian D.] Univ Waikato, Sch Sci, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand. [Bonada, Nuria] Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, Grp Recerca Freshwater Ecol & Management FEM, Inst Recerca Biodiversitat IRBio,Dept Ecol, Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. [Cartwright, David] 13 Brolga Crescent, Wandana Hts, Vic 3216, Australia. [Chuluunbat, Suvdtsetseg] Mongolian Natl Univ Educ, Dept Biol, 3rd Palace,Beijing St, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongol Peo Rep. [Cocks, Graeme V.] 44 Marks St, Hermit Pk, Qld 4812, Australia. [deWaard, Jeremy; Milton, Megan A.] Univ Guelph, Ctr Biodivers Genom, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Dean, John; StClair, Ros] Environm Protect Author Victoria, Ernest Jones Dr, Macleod, Vic 3085, Australia. [Flint, Oliver S., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hausmann, Axel; Hendrich, Lars; Moriniere, Jerome] SNSB Bavarian State Collect Zool, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Hess, Monika] Hess Heckes GbR, Buro Okol Gutachten H2, Rumfordstr 42, D-80469 Munich, Germany. [Kondratieff, Boris C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, 1177 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Malicky, Hans] Austrian Acad Sci, Biol Stn Lunz, A-3293 Lunz, Austria. [Morse, John C.] Clemson Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, POB 340310, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Mwangi, Francois Ngera] Ctr Rech Sci Nat Lwiro, Po Ds Bukavu, DEM REP CONGO. [Pauls, Steffen U.] Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Razo Gonzalez, Maria] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Unidad Multidisciplinaria Docencia & Invest, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico. [Rinne, Aki] Finnish Environm Inst, Merikasarminkatu 8, Helsinki 00160, Finland. [Robinson, Jason L.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Prairie Res Inst, 1816 S Oak St,MC 652, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Salokannel, Juha] Aquat Insects Expert Grp Finland, Siikinkatu 13, Tampere 33710, Finland. [Shackleton, Michael] La Trobe Univ, Murray Darling Freshwater Res Ctr, 133 McKoy St, Wodonga, Vic 3691, Australia. [Smith, Brian] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, POB 11115, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand. [Stamatakis, Alexandros] HITS, Sci Comp Grp, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Stamatakis, Alexandros] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Informat Theory & Automat, Inst Theoret Informat, Karlsruhe 35, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Thomas, Jessica A.] Univ York, Dept Biol, BioArch, Environm Bldg, York Y010 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Zamora-Munoz, Carmen] Univ Granada, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, C Severo Ochoa S-N, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Ziesmann, Tanja] ZMB, Zool Forsch Museum Alexander Koenig ZFMK, Bonn 5, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Kjer, Karl M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, 1282 Acad Surge, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zhou, X (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Food Nutr & Human Hlth, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China.; Zhou, X (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Nutr Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Kjer, KM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, 1282 Acad Surge, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI deWaard, Jeremy/G-8112-2014; Zamora-Munoz, Carmen/K-7050-2014; OI Zamora-Munoz, Carmen/0000-0002-3037-1529; Frandsen, Paul/0000-0002-4801-7579 FU Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China through the National High-tech Research and Development Project (863) of China [2012AA021601]; National Science and Technology Support Program of China [2012BAK11B06-4]; Schlinger endowment; US National Science Foundation [DEB-0316504, DEB-0816865, DEB-0206674, DEB0743732]; University of Minnesota Insect Collection came from Minnesota Experiment Station [017-017, 017-029]; German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina Postdoctoral Fellowship [BMBF-LPD 9901/8-169]; 'Barcoding Fauna Bavarica' project by the Bavarian Ministry of Science, Research and Art (Bayerisches Staatsministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Munich, Germany); 'German Barcode of Life' project by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung) [01LI1101B-01LI1501B]; Ministry of the Environment of Finland; Finnish Barcode of Life Project; Academy of Finland; Field Museum Council on Africa; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P23687-B17]; EPA Victoria; Murray-Darling Basin Authority of Australia; Klaus Tschira Foundation; New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology [UOWX0501, UOWX0505]; Terrestrial and Freshwater Biodiversity Investment System (TFBIS) Programme [246, 290]; Spanish Agency for International Cooperation [70/04/P/E]; GUADALMED project - Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [HID98-0323-005, REN2001-3438-007]; RICHABUN project - Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [CGL2007-60163/BOS]; Autonomous Organism of National Parks (O.A.P.N.) of the Spanish Ministry of Environment [039/2007] FX The majority of barcode sequences were generated at the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, through the iBOL initiative and the Trichoptera Barcode of Life project, funded by the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation and by the government of Canada through Genome Canada. X.Z. contributed Chinese materials and data through supports from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China through the National High-tech Research and Development Project (863) of China [2012AA021601] and the National Science and Technology Support Program of China [2012BAK11B06-4]. K.M.K. thanks the Schlinger endowment for funding, and US National Science Foundation grants DEB-0316504 and DEB-0816865. Support for work associated with the University of Minnesota Insect Collection came from Minnesota Experiment Station Projects 017-017 and 017-029 and the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded to S.U.P. (BMBF-LPD 9901/8-169). The collection and processing of specimens were partly funded as components of the 'Barcoding Fauna Bavarica' project by the Bavarian Ministry of Science, Research and Art (Bayerisches Staatsministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Munich, Germany), the 'German Barcode of Life' project by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, 01LI1101B-01LI1501B). The Finnish Trichoptera barcoding project is funded by the Ministry of the Environment of Finland, Finnish Barcode of Life Project, and Academy of Finland. J.R. would like to acknowledge the University of Tennessee-Knoxville Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Collecting and sequencing of specimens from D.R. Congo was supported by the Field Museum Council on Africa awarded to S.U.P. and F.N.M. Sequencing of Drusinae material was partly funded by Austrian Science Fund (FWF) project P23687-B17 awarded to J. Waringer, W. Graf and S.U.P. The EPA Victoria and the Murray-Darling Basin Authority of Australia funded sequencing of some Australian specimens. R.S.C. would like to acknowledge the EPA Victoria in Australia for supporting submission of specimens for the BOLD database and the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning for funding. A.S. was financially supported by the Klaus Tschira Foundation. Research funding in New Zealand was provided to I.D.H. by the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology (UOWX0501 and UOWX0505) and the Terrestrial and Freshwater Biodiversity Investment System (TFBIS) Programme Numbers 246 and 290. Spanish specimens provided by C.Z.-M. and N.B. came from the projects 70/04/P/E financed by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation, and the GUADALMED (HID98-0323-005 and REN2001-3438-007) and the RICHABUN (CGL2007-60163/BOS) projects funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, and the project ref. 039/2007 financed by the Autonomous Organism of National Parks (O.A.P.N.) of the Spanish Ministry of Environment. Barcoding work by S.C. and J.C.M. in the Mongolian Aquatic Insect Survey was supported by the US National Science Foundation (DEB-0206674 and DEB0743732). Finally, many collaborators contributed samples using personal funds. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD SEP 5 PY 2016 VL 371 IS 1702 AR 20160025 DI 10.1098/rstb.2016.0025 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DT8XT UT WOS:000381779700012 ER PT J AU Neaves, LE Frankham, GJ Dennison, S FitzGibbon, S Flannagan, C Gillett, A Hynes, E Handasyde, K Helgen, KM Tsangaras, K Greenwood, AD Eldridge, MDB Johnson, RN AF Neaves, Linda E. Frankham, Greta J. Dennison, Siobhan FitzGibbon, Sean Flannagan, Cheyne Gillett, Amber Hynes, Emily Handasyde, Kathrine Helgen, Kristofer M. Tsangaras, Kyriakos Greenwood, Alex D. Eldridge, Mark D. B. Johnson, Rebecca N. TI Phylogeography of the Koala, (Phascolarctos cinereus), and Harmonising Data to Inform Conservation SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-EAST QUEENSLAND; HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CONTROL REGION; SEQUENCE DATA; ZONE BIOTA; POPULATION; AUSTRALIA; PATTERNS AB The Australian continent exhibits complex biogeographic patterns but studies of the impacts of Pleistocene climatic oscillation on the mesic environments of the Southern Hemisphere are limited. The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), one of Australia's most iconic species, was historically widely distributed throughout much of eastern Australia but currently represents a complex conservation challenge. To better understand the challenges to koala genetic health, we assessed the phylogeographic history of the koala. Variation in the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Control Region (CR) was examined in 662 koalas sampled throughout their distribution. In addition, koala CR haplotypes accessioned to Gen-bank were evaluated and consolidated. A total of 53 unique CR haplotypes have been isolated from koalas to date (including 15 haplotypes novel to this study). The relationships among koala CR haplotypes were indicative of a single Evolutionary Significant Unit and do not support the recognition of subspecies, but were separated into four weakly differentiated lineages which correspond to three geographic clusters: a central lineage, a southern lineage and two northern lineages co-occurring north of Brisbane. The three geographic clusters were separated by known Pleistocene biogeographic barriers: the Brisbane River Valley and Clarence River Valley, although there was evidence of mixing amongst clusters. While there is evidence for historical connectivity, current koala populations exhibit greater structure, suggesting habitat fragmentation may have restricted female-mediated gene flow. Since mtDNA data informs conservation planning, we provide a summary of existing CR haplotypes, standardise nomenclature and make recommendations for future studies to harmonise existing datasets. This holistic approach is critical to ensuring management is effective and small scale local population studies can be integrated into a wider species context. C1 [Neaves, Linda E.; Frankham, Greta J.; Dennison, Siobhan; Eldridge, Mark D. B.; Johnson, Rebecca N.] Australian Museum Res Inst, Australian Ctr Wildlife Genom, 1 William St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. [Neaves, Linda E.] Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland. [FitzGibbon, Sean] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Flannagan, Cheyne] Koala Hosp Port Macquarie, POB 236, Port Macquarie, NSW 2444, Australia. [Gillett, Amber] Australia Zoo Wildlife Hosp, Beerwah, Qld 4519, Australia. [Hynes, Emily] Ecoplan Australia Pty Ltd, POB 968, Torquay, Vic 3228, Australia. [Handasyde, Kathrine] Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Helgen, Kristofer M.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Tsangaras, Kyriakos] Cyprus Inst Neurol & Genet, Dept Translat Genet, 6 Int Airport Ave, CY-2370 Nicosia, Cyprus. [Greenwood, Alex D.] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, D-10315 Berlin, Germany. [Greenwood, Alex D.] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Vet Med, D-14163 Berlin, Germany. RP Neaves, LE (reprint author), Australian Museum Res Inst, Australian Ctr Wildlife Genom, 1 William St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.; Neaves, LE (reprint author), Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland. EM lneaves@gmail.com FU New South Wales Environmental Trust [2014/RD/0015]; New South Wales National Parks Foundation; Australian Museum Foundation; Australian Bluegum Plantations; PF Olsen Australia, New Forests; Ecoplan Australia Pty Ltd.; National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R01 GM092706]; New South Wales National Parks; Parks Victoria FX This work was supported by the New South Wales Environmental Trust (2014/RD/0015), New South Wales National Parks Foundation and the Australian Museum Foundation. EH was supported by the Australian Bluegum Plantations and PF Olsen Australia, New Forests. Ecoplan Australia Pty Ltd. provided support in the form of salary for EH. Sequencing of historical samples was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences to ADG (NIGMS; grant number R01 GM092706). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We thank Yasuko Ishida, Alfred Roca, Kyle Ewart, Zhoamin Zhou and Andrew King for assistance with generating sequence data and Sandy Ingleby, Anja Divljan, Scott Ginn, Bill Sherwin and Martin Taube for assistance with sample collection. We also wish to thank the New South Wales Environmental Trust, New South Wales National Parks and the Australian Museum Foundation, Australian Bluegum Plantations, PF Olsen Australia, New Forests and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and Parks Victoria for support. NR 90 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 2 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 9 AR e0162207 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0162207 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DV4EJ UT WOS:000382877800035 PM 27588685 ER PT J AU Xu, Y Reid, M Dame, T Menten, K Sakai, N Li, JJ Brunthaler, A Moscadelli, L Zhang, B Zheng, XW AF Xu, Ye Reid, Mark Dame, Thomas Menten, Karl Sakai, Nobuyuki Li, Jingjing Brunthaler, Andreas Moscadelli, Luca Zhang, Bo Zheng, Xingwu TI The local spiral structure of the Milky Way SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID VLBA CALIBRATOR SURVEY; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; CYGNUS-X REGION; TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SEARCH; H-2-REGIONS; KINEMATICS; DISTANCES; (CO)-C-13 AB The nature of the spiral structure of the Milky Way has long been debated. Only in the last decade have astronomers been able to accurately measure distances to a substantial number of high-mass star-forming regions, the classic tracers of spiral structure in galaxies. We report distance measurements at radio wavelengths using the Very Long Baseline Array for eight regions of massive star formation near the Local spiral arm of the Milky Way. Combined with previous measurements, these observations reveal that the Local Arm is larger than previously thought, and both its pitch angle and star formation rate are comparable to those of the Galaxy'smajor spiral arms, such as Sagittarius and Perseus. Toward the constellation Cygnus, sources in the Local Arm extend for a great distance along our line of sight and roughly along the solar orbit. Because of this orientation, these sources cluster both on the sky and in velocity to form the complex and long enigmatic Cygnus X region. We also identify a spur that branches between the Local and Sagittarius spiral arms. C1 [Xu, Ye; Li, Jingjing] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Reid, Mark; Dame, Thomas] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Menten, Karl; Li, Jingjing; Brunthaler, Andreas] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Sakai, Nobuyuki] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mizusawa VLBI Very Long Baseline Interferometry O, Tokyo, Japan. [Moscadelli, Luca] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF Ist Nazl Astrofis, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Zhang, Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Xingwu] Nanjing Univ, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Xu, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM xuye@pmo.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11133008, 11233007]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09010300]; Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 11133008 and 11233007), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. XDB09010300), and the Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 2 IS 9 AR e1600878 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600878 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EP1QJ UT WOS:000397159100008 ER PT J AU Lyons, SK Miller, JH Toth, A Amatangelo, KL Behrensmeyer, AK Bercovici, A Blois, JL Davis, M Dimichelle, WA Du, A Eronen, JT Faith, JT Graves, GR Jud, N Labandeira, C Looy, CV McGill, B Patterson, D Pineda-Munoz, S Potts, R Riddle, B Terry, R Ulrich, W Villasenor, A Wing, S Anderson, H Anderson, J Gotelli, NJ AF Lyons, S. Kathleen Miller, Joshua H. Toth, Aniko Amatangelo, Kathryn L. Behrensmeyer, Anna K. Bercovici, Antoine Blois, Jessica L. Davis, Matt Dimichelle, William A. Du, Andrew Eronen, Jussi T. Faith, J. Tyler Graves, Gary R. Jud, Nathan Labandeira, Conrad Looy, Cindy V. McGill, Brian Patterson, David Pineda-Munoz, Silvia Potts, Richard Riddle, Brett Terry, Rebecca Ulrich, Werner Villasenor, Amelia Wing, Scott Anderson, Heidi Anderson, John Gotelli, Nicholas J. TI Questioning Holocene community shifts Reply SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 [Lyons, S. Kathleen; Toth, Aniko; Behrensmeyer, Anna K.; Bercovici, Antoine; Labandeira, Conrad; Pineda-Munoz, Silvia; Wing, Scott] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Miller, Joshua H.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Amatangelo, Kathryn L.; Dimichelle, William A.] SUNY Coll Brockport, Dept Environm Sci & Biol, Brockport, NY 14420 USA. [Blois, Jessica L.] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Davis, Matt] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Du, Andrew; Patterson, David; Villasenor, Amelia] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Hominid Paleobiol Doctoral Program, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Eronen, Jussi T.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geography, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Faith, J. Tyler] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jud, Nathan] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad] Univ Maryland Coll Pk, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD USA. [Labandeira, Conrad] Capital Normal Univ, Key Lab Insect Evolut & Environ Changes, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Looy, Cindy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrative Biol & Museum Paleontol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McGill, Brian] Univ Maine, Sch Biol Ecol & Sustainabil Solut Initiat, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Potts, Richard] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Riddle, Brett] Univ Nevada Las Vegas, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Terry, Rebecca] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ulrich, Werner] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Chair Ecol & Biogeog, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Anderson, Heidi; Anderson, John] Univ Witwatersrand, Evolutionary Studies Inst, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Gotelli, Nicholas J.] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Lyons, SK (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM lyonss2@si.edu RI Eronen, Jussi/B-7978-2013; Blois, Jessica/G-5893-2011 OI Eronen, Jussi/0000-0002-0390-8044; Blois, Jessica/0000-0003-4048-177X NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 537 IS 7618 BP E5 EP E6 DI 10.1038/nature19111 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DU7XC UT WOS:000382426900060 PM 27582228 ER PT J AU Ruth, DCS Cottrell, E Cortes, JA Kelley, KA Calder, ES AF Ruth, Dawn C. S. Cottrell, Elizabeth Cortes, Joaquin A. Kelley, Katherine A. Calder, Eliza S. TI From Passive Degassing to Violent Strombolian Eruption: the Case of the 2008 Eruption of Llaima Volcano, Chile SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY LA English DT Article DE basaltic andesite; eruption trigger; magma recharge; melt inclusions; open vent volcanism; passive degassing; regulated gas transport ID CARBON-DIOXIDE SOLUBILITIES; CRYSTAL SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; MAGMATIC SILICATE LIQUIDS; SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; RIDGE BASALTIC LIQUIDS; HOSTED MELT INCLUSIONS; OXYGEN FUGACITY; AEOLIAN ARCHIPELAGO; PARICUTIN VOLCANO; VOLATILE CONTENTS AB On 1 January 2008 Llaima volcano, a basaltic andesite stratocone in southern Chile, entered a phase of violent Strombolian eruption. Llaima, like many passively degassing systems, has experienced prolonged (decades-long) periods of persistent summit degassing from its open vent. The rapid transition from long-lived passive degassing to violent explosive eruption occurred with limited precursory monitoring signals. This study is motivated by the desire to understand what occurs in these systems when that switch takes place. To this end, we study the products of the 2008 violent Strombolian eruption of Llaima volcano. We present new textural analyses of scoria and geochemical data for five whole-rock samples, troctolite glomerocrysts with and without Cr-spinel, and 182 olivine-hosted melt inclusions from tephra samples. Two populations of scoria ('brown' and 'black') are distinguished by their variable crystallinity and vesicularity, but are geochemically indistinguishable. Black scoria contains abundant microlites with tabular to acicular morphologies and convolute vesicles up to 1.75mm in effective diameter. The brown scoria tends to have fewer, acicular microlites, abundant matrix glass, and round vesicles with a narrower size distribution, constrained to< 0.4mm in diameter. Overall, the textures of the black and brown scoria provide evidence for a textural maturation process in which shallow system magma becomes more crystal rich and probably rheologically stiffer as a result of prolonged passive degassing. The Cr-spinel-bearing and Crspinel- free troctolite glomerocrysts have plagioclase and olivine compositions of An(65-92) and Fo(81), respectively. The Cr# in the Cr-spinel ranges from 26 to 37, consistent with magma originating from the deeper plumbing system. Whole-rock compositions for the tephra average 51wt % SiO2, 18wt % Al2O3, and similar to 6wt % MgO. The major element compositions of olivine-hosted melt inclusions range from 49 to 56 wt % SiO2 and 3.72 to 7.76 wt % MgO; there is no distinct compositional difference between olivine-hosted melt inclusions sourced from the different scoria. Melt inclusion volatile contents range from below detection to 2.95 wt % H2O and 1973ppm CO2 (though not in the same melt inclusion). H2O and CO2 concentrations are consistent with open-system degassing and, when compared with differentiation indices (e. g. K2O), indicate coupled degassing and crystallization throughout the system. The majority of melt inclusions define a single liquid line of descent indicative of plagioclase and olivine fractionation. Entrapment pressures range from 8 to 342MPa and fall into two groups: 8-100MPa (300 m to similar to 4 km depth) and > 100MPa (4-14 km depth), revealing that this eruption tapped a deep plumbing system. We propose here that passive degassing at Llaima is maintained by periodic, small-batch magma injections. Consequently, owing to extensive degassing the upper plumbing system magma crystallized and increased in viscosity. Before the 2008 eruption, some volatiles sourced from the repeatedly injected magmas exsolved from the inferred crystal mush and ascending from deeply sourced degassing magmas, and gradually accumulated within the crystal mush and beneath the stiffened conduit magma. Our results support a model in which eruption triggering occurred when magma injection remobilized the mush and, importantly, unlocked the accumulated gases, which ascended rapidly and generated the observed violent Strombolian explosive activity. Our proposed model contrasts with those models for explosive mafic volcanism that require rapid magma ascent under closed- system degassing conditions. Importantly, our proposed mechanism provides a means for systems with dominantly open- system degassing behavior to switch from passive degassing to explosive eruptions. C1 [Ruth, Dawn C. S.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Ruth, Dawn C. S.; Cottrell, Elizabeth] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Cortes, Joaquin A.; Calder, Eliza S.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, Midlothian, Scotland. [Cortes, Joaquin A.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Civil Engn & Geosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Kelley, Katherine A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Ruth, DCS (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.; Ruth, DCS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM sdawn@ntu.edu.sg FU Geological Society of America; Smithsonian Institution; Society of Economic Geology [11-85]; National Science Foundation [EAR-0828070]; Instrumentation and Facilities Program, Division of Earth Sciences, National Science Foundation FX This work was funded by the Geological Society of America (Graduate Student Research Grant to D.C.S.R.), the Smithsonian Institution (Graduate Fellowship to D.C.S.R.), the Society of Economic Geology (Hugh McKinstry Student Research Grant 11-85 to D.C.S.R.), and the National Science Foundation (EAR-0828070 to E.S.C. while at the University at Buffalo). The ion microprobe facility at the Northeast National Ion Microprobe Facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution was partially subsidized by the Instrumentation and Facilities Program, Division of Earth Sciences, National Science Foundation. NR 144 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-3530 EI 1460-2415 J9 J PETROL JI J. Petrol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1833 EP 1864 DI 10.1093/petrology/egw063 PG 32 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EJ2DT UT WOS:000393020800007 ER PT J AU Bilby, K AF Bilby, Kenneth TI Musical Life in Guyana: History and Politics of Controlling Creativity SO LATIN AMERICAN MUSIC REVIEW-REVISTA DE MUSICA LATINOAMERICANA LA English DT Book Review C1 [Bilby, Kenneth] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Bilby, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV TEXAS PRESS PI AUSTIN PA JOURNAL DIV, 2100 COMAL, AUSTIN, TX 78722 USA SN 0163-0350 EI 1536-0199 J9 LAT AM MUSIC REV JI Lat. Am. Music Rev.-Rev. Music Latinoam. PD FAL-WIN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 258 EP 259 PG 4 WC Music SC Music GA EJ2MX UT WOS:000393045500013 ER PT J AU Krebs, EC AF Krebs, Edgardo C. TI Jorge Luis Borges and Alfred Metraux Disagreements, affinities SO HAU-JOURNAL OF ETHNOGRAPHIC THEORY LA English DT Article DE History of anthropology; Jorge Luis Borges; Alfred Metraux; Claude Levi-Strauss; Argentina AB Missing from scholarly studies of Borges' work are substantial analyses of his interest in anthropology and the way it found carefully meditated expression in his essays and fiction. The common thread was a concern with some of the central subjects of anthropological theory: the possibilities of symbols and language to represent the world, categories of thought, systems of classification and the risks of translation. Alfred Metraux arrived in Argentina in 1928 with the ambitious project of starting a fieldwork-based school of anthropology. I contend that Borges' adversarial engagement with Metraux's work led directly to stories like "Dr. Brodie's Report" and "The Ethnographer." An inquiry on the tension between fiction and ethnography that runs through these stories sheds new light on the unorthodox history of anthropology in Argentina, and on Metraux's relationship with Claude Levi-Strauss. C1 [Krebs, Edgardo C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, 10th & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20550 USA. RP Krebs, EC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, 10th & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20550 USA. EM krebse@si.esu NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CAMBRIDGE, MONGOLIA & INNER ASIA STUDIES UNIT PI CAMBRIDGE PA MOND BLDG, FREE SCHOOL LN, CAMBRIDGE, CB2 3RF, ENGLAND SN 2049-1115 J9 HAU-J ETHNOGR THEORY JI HAU-J. Ethnogr. Theory PD FAL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 297 EP 321 DI 10.14318/hau6.2.019 PG 25 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA EG7CF UT WOS:000391202200019 ER PT J AU Murphy, G AF Murphy, George TI COLLOQUY SO AMERICAN BOOK REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Murphy, George] Univ York, Philosophy, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Murphy, George] Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Murphy, G (reprint author), Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, Washington, DC 20004 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV HOUSTON, VICTORIA-ART & SCI PI VICTORIA PA 3007 N BEN WILSON, VICTORIA, TX 77901 USA SN 0149-9408 EI 2153-4578 J9 AM BOOK REV JI Am. Book Rev. PD SEP-OCT PY 2016 VL 37 IS 6 BP 26 EP 26 PG 1 WC Literature SC Literature GA EG6NC UT WOS:000391162200018 ER PT J AU Chen, XG Meerburg, PD Munchmeyer, M AF Chen, Xingang Meerburg, P. Daniel Munchmeyer, Moritz TI The future of primordial features with 21cm tomography SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters from LSS; power spectrum; inflation; physics of the early universe ID FOREGROUND REMOVAL; 150 MHZ; PERTURBATIONS; REIONIZATION; SPECTRUM; LINE; FLUCTUATIONS; CONSTRAINTS; BISPECTRUM; INFLATION AB Detecting a deviation from a featureless primordial power spectrum of fluctuations would give profound insight into the physics of the primordial Universe. Depending on their nature, primordial features can either provide direct evidence for the inflation scenario or pin down details of the inflation model. Thus far, using the cosmic microwave background (CMB) we have only been able to put stringent constraints on the amplitude of features, but no significant evidence has been found for such signals. Here we explore the limit of the experimental reach in constraining such features using 21 cm tomography at high redshift. A measurement of the 21 cm power spectrum from the Dark Ages is generally considered as the ideal experiment for early Universe physics, with potentially access to a large number of modes. We consider three different categories of theoretically motivated models: the sharp feature models, resonance models, and standard clock models. We study the improvements on bounds on features as a function of the total number of observed modes and identify parameter degeneracies. The detectability depends critically on the amplitude, frequency and scale-location of the features, as well as the angular and redshift resolution of the experiment. We quantify these effects by considering different fiducial models. Our forecast shows that a cosmic variance limited 21 cm experiment measuring fluctuations in the redshift range 30 <= z <= 100 with a 0.01-MHz bandwidth and sub-arcminute angular resolution could potentially improve bounds by several orders of magnitude for most features compared to current Planck bounds. At the same time, 21 cm tomography also opens up a unique window into features that are located on very small scales. C1 [Chen, Xingang] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chen, Xingang] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Meerburg, P. Daniel] Univ Toronto, CITA, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Munchmeyer, Moritz] UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UMR7095, Paris, France. [Munchmeyer, Moritz] Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France. RP Chen, XG (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Chen, XG (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. EM xingang.chen@cfa.harvard.edu; meerburg@cita.utoronto.ca; munchmey@iap.fr FU NSF [PHY-1417421] FX We thank Cora Dvorkin, Anastasia Fialkov, Zhiqi Huang, Avi Loeb, Mohammad Hossein Namjoo, Licia Verde, Benjamin Wandelt and the anonymous referee for helpful discussions and comments. XC is supported in part by the NSF grant PHY-1417421. PDM would like to thank the hospitality of Dutch-ITP, at the University of Amsterdam, where most of the this work was completed. NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD SEP PY 2016 IS 9 AR 023 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2016/09/023 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EE7CM UT WOS:000389772300013 ER PT J AU Linderholm, A Spencer, D Battista, V Frantz, L Barnett, R Fleischer, RC James, HF Duffy, D Sparks, JP Clements, DR Andersson, L Dobney, K Leonard, JA Larson, G AF Linderholm, Anna Spencer, Daisy Battista, Vincent Frantz, Laurent Barnett, Ross Fleischer, Robert C. James, Helen F. Duffy, Dave Sparks, Jed P. Clements, David R. Andersson, Leif Dobney, Keith Leonard, Jennifer A. Larson, Greger TI A novel MC1R allele for black coat colour reveals the Polynesian ancestry and hybridization patterns of Hawaiian feral pigs SO Royal Society Open Science LA English DT Article DE Sus scrofa; mitochondrial DNA; Hawaii; feral pigs; Pacific colonization ID ANCIENT DNA; EUROPEAN PIGS; DOMESTICATION; INTROGRESSION; SPECIATION; DISPERSAL; INSIGHTS; PACIFIC; ORIGINS; SUS AB Pigs (Sus scrofa) have played an important cultural role in Hawaii since Polynesians first introduced them in approximately AD 1200. Additional varieties of pigs were introduced following Captain Cook's arrival in Hawaii in 1778 and it has been suggested that the current pig population may descend primarily, or even exclusively, from European pigs. Although populations of feral pigs today are an important source of recreational hunting on all of the major islands, they also negatively impact native plants and animals. As a result, understanding the origins of these feral pig populations has significant ramifications for discussions concerning conservation management, identity and cultural continuity on the islands. Here, we analysed a neutral mitochondrial marker and a functional nuclear coat colour marker in 57 feral Hawaiian pigs. Through the identification of a new mutation in the MC1R gene that results in black coloration, we demonstrate that Hawaiian feral pigs are mostly the descendants of those originally introduced during Polynesian settlement, though there is evidence for some admixture. As such, extant Hawaiian pigs represent a unique historical lineage that is not exclusively descended from feral pigs of European origin. C1 [Linderholm, Anna; Spencer, Daisy; Battista, Vincent; Frantz, Laurent; Barnett, Ross; Larson, Greger] Univ Oxford, Res Lab Archaeol, Palaeogen & Bioarchaeol Res Network, Dyson Perrins Bldg,South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Fleischer, Robert C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Genom, Natl Zool Pk,MRC 5508, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [James, Helen F.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Duffy, Dave] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, 3190 MaileWay,Room 101, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Clements, David R.] Trinity Western Univ, Dept Biol, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada. [Andersson, Leif] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. [Dobney, Keith] Univ Liverpool, Dept Archaeol Class & Egyptol, 12-14 Abercromby Sq, Liverpool L69 7WZ, Merseyside, England. [Leonard, Jennifer A.] Estn Biol Donana EBD CSIC, Conservat & Evolutionary Genet Grp, Ave Amer Vespucio S-N, Seville 41092, Spain. [Sparks, Jed P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Ithaca, NY USA. [Spencer, Daisy] Natl Univ Ireland, Discipline Archaeol, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland. [Linderholm, Anna] Texas A&M Univ, Bioarchaeol & Genom Lab, Dept Anthropol, MS 4352 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Larson, G (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Res Lab Archaeol, Palaeogen & Bioarchaeol Res Network, Dyson Perrins Bldg,South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. EM greger.larson@arch.ox.ac.uk OI Leonard, Jennifer/0000-0003-0291-7819 FU Natural Environment Research Council [NE/H005269/1, NE/H005552/1]; European Research Council [ERC-2013-StG 337574-UNDEAD]; Smithsonian Fellowship FX A.L., K.D. and G.L. were supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/H005269/1 & NE/H005552/1). G.L. and L.F. were supported by the European Research Council (ERC-2013-StG 337574-UNDEAD). J.A.L. was supported by a Smithsonian Fellowship. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2054-5703 J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI JI R. Soc. Open Sci. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 3 IS 9 AR 160304 DI 10.1098/rsos.160304 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EE0AW UT WOS:000389236700018 ER PT J AU Vencl, FV Ottens, K Dixon, MM Candler, S Bernal, XE Estrada, C Page, RA AF Vencl, Fredric V. Ottens, Kristina Dixon, Marjorie M. Candler, Sarah Bernal, Ximena E. Estrada, Catalina Page, Rachel A. TI Pyrazine emission by a tropical firefly: An example of chemical aposematism? SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE Azteca; Bicellonycha; defense targeting; Molossus; Myotis; Photuris; Rhinella ID COLEOPTERA LAMPYRIDAE; DEFENSIVE STEROIDS; LUCIBUFAGINS; EVOLUTION; LARVAE; BIOLUMINESCENCE; ARTHROPODS; MECHANISMS; COMMUNITY; MEMORY AB Although famous for photic courtship displays, fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) are also notable for emitting strong odors when molested. The identity of volatile emissions and their possible role, along with photic signals, as aposematic warnings of unpalatability have been little explored, especially in tropical species. Pursuant to the observation that the widespread Neotropical fireflies, Photuris trivittata and Bicellonycha amoena, emit pungent odors, glows, and flashes when handled, we investigated their cuticular and headspace chemistry. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that both fireflies have species-specific cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. Photuris trivittata headspace was dominated by 2-methoxy-3-(1-methylpropyl) pyrazine (hereafter, pyrazine), on the order of 1.59 ng/individual and a suite of sesquiterpenes, while B. amoena emitted 3-methoxy-2-butenoic acid methyl ester and a few ketones. This is the first report of such compounds in fireflies. We investigated the role of pyrazine in P. trivittata's interactions with potential predators: sympatric ants, toads, and bats. Solvent-washed P. trivittata painted with pyrazine incurred lower ant predation than did their solvent-washed counterparts. Pyrazine significantly repelled ants at baits in concentrations as low as 9.8 x 10(-4) ng/mu l. The toad, Rhinella marina, readily accepted intact fireflies, pyrazine-coated and uncoated mealworms. Both Myotis nigricans and Molossus molossus bats rejected fireflies, but accepted both pyrazine-coated and uncoated mealworms. While pyrazine repels ants, its role as an aposematic signal warning other potential predators of firefly distastefulness requires further investigation. Our results underscore the idea that multiple enemies exert conflicting selection on firefly defenses. C1 [Vencl, Fredric V.] SUNY Stony Brook, Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Vencl, Fredric V.; Ottens, Kristina; Dixon, Marjorie M.; Bernal, Ximena E.; Estrada, Catalina; Page, Rachel A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Bernal, Ximena E.] Purdue Univ, Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Candler, Sarah] Texas Tech Univ, Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 47906 USA. RP Vencl, FV (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; Vencl, FV (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM fredric.vencl@stonybrook.edu FU NSF [IOS 1433990] FX We thank W. Boland for many useful comments and N. Gomez for technical support and for providing the pyrazine standard. We are grateful to J. Sniado of Fleurchem Inc. for donating additional pyrazine standards. We thank to M. Tschapka for the bat photos. Experiments and specimen collection were conducted under permits issued by the Authoridad National del Ambiente de Panama (SE/A-56-13) with approval from the STRI IACUC (bats: 20100816-1012-16 toads: 2011-0616-2014-09-A1). This is contribution #1238 from the Department of Ecology and Evolution at Stony Brook University. The cane toad work was partially supported by NSF grant IOS 1433990 to XEB. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD SEP PY 2016 VL 48 IS 5 BP 645 EP 655 DI 10.1111/btp.12336 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EC6VL UT WOS:000388274700011 ER PT J AU Feng, J Turner, BL Lu, XT Chen, ZH Wei, K Tian, JH Wang, C Luo, WT Chen, LJ AF Feng, Jiao Turner, Benjamin L. Lu, Xiaotao Chen, Zhenhua Wei, Kai Tian, Jihui Wang, Chao Luo, Wentao Chen, Lijun TI Phosphorus transformations along a large-scale climosequence in arid and semiarid grasslands of northern China SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; PARTICLE-SIZE FRACTIONS; WIND-BLOWN SAND; HEDLEY FRACTIONATION; CLIMATIC CONDITIONS; GLOBAL DRYLANDS; NEW-ZEALAND; CHRONOSEQUENCE; LIMITATION; NITROGEN AB The Walker and Syers model of phosphorus (P) transformations during long-term soil development has been verified along many chronosequences but has rarely been examined along climosequences, particularly in arid regions. We hypothesized that decreasing aridity would have similar effects on soil P transformations as time by increasing the rate of pedogenesis. To assess this, we examined P fractions in arid and semiarid grassland soils (0-10 cm) along a 3700 km aridity gradient in northern China (aridity between 0.43 and 0.97, calculated as 1 - [mean annual precipitation/potential evapotranspiration]). Primary mineral P declined as aridity decreased, although it still accounted for about 30% of the total P in the wettest sites. In contrast, the proportions of organic and occluded P increased as aridity decreased. These changes in soil P composition occurred in parallel with marked shifts in soil nutrient stoichiometry, with organic carbon: organic P and nitrogen: organic P ratios increasing with decreasing aridity. These results indicate increasing abundance of P relative to carbon or nitrogen along the climosequence. Overall, our results indicate a broad shift from abiotic to biotic control on P cycling at an aridity value of approximately 0.7 (corresponding to about 250 mm mean annual rainfall). We conclude that the Walker and Syers model can be extended to climosequences in arid and semiarid ecosystems and that the apparent decoupling of nutrient cycles in arid soils is a consequence of their pedogenic immaturity. C1 [Feng, Jiao; Lu, Xiaotao; Chen, Zhenhua; Wei, Kai; Tian, Jihui; Wang, Chao; Luo, Wentao; Chen, Lijun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang, Peoples R China. [Feng, Jiao; Tian, Jihui; Wang, Chao; Luo, Wentao] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Resources & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. RP Chen, LJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang, Peoples R China. EM ljchenchina@hotmail.com RI Lu (u), Xiao-Tao/B-3905-2008; Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Lu (u), Xiao-Tao/0000-0001-5571-1895; Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171241, 41201290]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB15010400]; Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS [2014174] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41171241 and 41201290) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB15010400). XT Lu was supported by Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (2014174). We wish to thank Xingguo Han, Xiaobo Wang, and all the members of Shenyang sampling campaign teams from Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for their assistance during field sampling. We thank the anonymous reviewers for insightful comments that improved the manuscript. Data on variations of soil phosphorus fractions across the aridity gradient are provided as online supporting information (see Figure S1). The authors declare no conflict of interest. Correspondence and requests for materials could be addressed to Lijun Chen (ljchenchina@hotmail.com; ljchen@iae.ac.cn). NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD SEP PY 2016 VL 30 IS 9 BP 1264 EP 1275 DI 10.1002/2015GB005331 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EC9II UT WOS:000388457700002 ER PT J AU Peron, G Altwegg, R Jamie, GA Spottiswoode, CN AF Peron, Guillaume Altwegg, Res Jamie, Gabriel A. Spottiswoode, Claire N. TI Coupled range dynamics of brood parasites and their hosts responding to climate and vegetation changes SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brood parasitism; bush encroachment; climate change; honeyguide; indigobird; range overlap; species distribution models ID LAND-USE; CITIZEN SCIENCE; COMMON CUCKOO; BIRDS; COMMUNITIES; INDIGOBIRDS; COEXISTENCE; EXPANSION; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS AB 1. As populations shift their ranges in response to global change, local species assemblages can change, setting the stage for new ecological interactions, community equilibria and evolutionary responses. 2. Here, we focus on the range dynamics of four avian brood parasite species and their hosts in southern Africa, in a context of bush encroachment (increase in woody vegetation density in places previously occupied by savanna-grassland mosaics) favouring some species at the expense of others. We first tested whether hosts and parasites constrained each other's ability to expand or maintain their ranges. Secondly, we investigated whether range shifts represented an opportunity for new host-parasite and parasite-parasite interactions. 3. We used multispecies dynamic occupancy models with interactions, fitted to citizen science data, to estimate the contribution of interspecific interactions to range shifts and to quantify the change in species co-occurrence probability over a 25-year period. 4. Parasites were able to track their hosts' range shifts. We detected no deleterious effect of the parasites' presence on either the local population viability of host species or the hosts' ability to colonize newly suitable areas. In the recently diversified indigobird radiation (Vidua spp.), following bush encroachment, the new assemblages presented more potential opportunities for speciation via host switch, but also more potential for hybridization between extant lineages, also via host switch. 5. Multispecies dynamic occupancy models with interactions brought new insights into the feedbacks between range shifts, biotic interactions and local demography: brood parasitism had little detected impact on extinction or colonization processes, but inversely the latter processes affected biotic interactions via the modification of co-occurrence patterns. C1 [Peron, Guillaume; Altwegg, Res] Univ Cape Town, Dept Stat Sci, Stat Ecol Environm & Conservat, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa. [Peron, Guillaume] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Altwegg, Res] Univ Cape Town, African Climate & Dev Initiat, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Jamie, Gabriel A.; Spottiswoode, Claire N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Spottiswoode, Claire N.] Univ Cape Town, Percy FitzPatrick Inst, Dept Sci & Technol, Natl Res Fdn Ctr Excellence, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. RP Peron, G (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Dept Stat Sci, Stat Ecol Environm & Conservat, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa.; Peron, G (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM peron_guillaume@yahoo.fr FU SANBI; National Research Foundation of South Africa [85802, 81685]; Leverhulme Trust; BBSRC [BB/J014109/1] FX We thank the volunteer atlassers who collected the data and the Animal Demography Unit at University of Cape Town for making the data available to us, and in particular L.G. Underhill and R. Navarro for their curatorship of the data over many years. C. Beale, F. Bled, G. Duckworth, D. Guo, B. Huntley, S. Mecenero and Statistics South Africa helped with covariate data access and formatting. This work was funded by SANBI and by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grants 85802 and 81685). The NRF accepts no liability for opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication. GAJ was supported by a Research Project Grant from the The Leverhulme Trust and CNS by a BBSRC David Phillips Research Fellowship (BB/J014109/1). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8790 EI 1365-2656 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 85 IS 5 BP 1191 EP 1199 DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12546 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA EC7XC UT WOS:000388353400007 PM 27155344 ER PT J AU Armitage, SAO Fernandez-Marin, H Boomsma, JJ Wcislo, WT AF Armitage, Sophie A. O. Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes Boomsma, Jacobus J. Wcislo, William T. TI Slowing them down will make them lose: a role for attine ant crop fungus in defending pupae against infections? SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acromyrmex echinatior; brood; fungal parasite; metapleural gland; Metarhizium; mycelial cover; public health ID LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; GROWING ANTS; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; BROOD CARE; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; DISEASE RESISTANCE; SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA; METAPLEURAL GLAND; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SOCIAL IMMUNITY AB 1. Fungus-growing ants (Attini) have evolved an obligate dependency upon a basidiomycete fungus that they cultivate as their food. Less well known is that the crop fungus is also used by many attine species to cover their eggs, larvae and pupae. 2. The adaptive functional significance of this brood covering is poorly understood. One hypothesis to account for this behaviour is that it is part of the pathogen protection portfolio when many thousands of sister workers live in close proximity and larvae and pupae are not protected by cells, as in bees and wasps, and are immobile. 3. We performed behavioural observations on brood covering in the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex echinatior, and we experimentally manipulated mycelial cover on pupae and exposed them to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum to test for a role in pathogen resistance. 4. Our results show that active mycelial brood covering by workers is a behaviourally plastic trait that varies temporally, and across life stages and castes. The presence of a fungal cover on the pupae reduced the rate at which conidia appeared and the percentage of pupal surface that produced pathogen spores, compared to pupae that had fungal cover experimentally removed or naturally had no mycelial cover. Infected pupae with mycelium had higher survival rates than infected pupae without the cover, although this depended upon the time at which adult sister workers were allowed to interact with pupae. Finally, workers employed higher rates of metapleural gland grooming to infected pupae without mycelium than to infected pupae with mycelium. 5. Our results imply that mycelial brood covering may play a significant role in suppressing the growth and subsequent spread of disease, thus adding a novel layer of protection to their defence portfolio. C1 [Armitage, Sophie A. O.; Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes; Boomsma, Jacobus J.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Social Evolut, Dept Biol, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes] Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Edificio 219, Panama City, Panama. [Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes; Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Armitage, Sophie A. O.] Univ Munster, Inst Evolut & Biodivers, D-48149 Munster, Germany. RP Armitage, SAO; Fernandez-Marin, H (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Social Evolut, Dept Biol, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.; Fernandez-Marin, H (reprint author), Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Edificio 219, Panama City, Panama.; Fernandez-Marin, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.; Armitage, SAO (reprint author), Univ Munster, Inst Evolut & Biodivers, D-48149 Munster, Germany. EM sophie.armitage@uni-muenster.de; hfernandez@indicasat.org.pa RI Boomsma, Jacobus/M-2785-2014; Armitage, Sophie/A-6961-2012 OI Boomsma, Jacobus/0000-0002-3598-1609; Armitage, Sophie/0000-0002-5561-9543 FU Intra-European Marie Curie Fellowship [MEIF-CT-2005-010507]; Volkswagen Foundation [I 83516, AZ 86020]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); SENACYT; SNI; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF57]; STRI FX We would like to thank Anna Thome, Sophia Madril, Santiago Mendez and Gaspar Bruner for experimental help and Sylvia Cremer for her comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Comments by the associate editor and two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. SAOA was supported by an Intra-European Marie Curie Fellowship (MEIF-CT-2005-010507) and Volkswagen Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowships (I 83516 and AZ 86020); HFM was supported by a Tupper Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) and SENACYT Postdoctoral Fellowships, and SNI grants, and HFM and JJB were supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF57). Additional funds were provided by STRI to WTW. We thank the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (now, Ministerio de Ambiente) of the Republic of Panama for permits to collect and export ants. We also thank the support staff at the Center for Social Evolution, University of Copenhagen and STRI, Panama. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8790 EI 1365-2656 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 85 IS 5 BP 1210 EP 1221 DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12543 PG 12 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA EC7XC UT WOS:000388353400009 PM 27136600 ER PT J AU Wilson, SA Howard, AD Moore, JM Grant, JA AF Wilson, Sharon A. Howard, Alan D. Moore, Jeffrey M. Grant, John A. TI A cold-wet middle-latitude environment on Mars during the Hesperian-Amazonian transition: Evidence from northern Arabia valleys and paleolakes SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID GALE CRATER; TERRA-CIMMERIA; SURFACE RUNOFF; ALLUVIAL FANS; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; PRECIPITATION; NETWORKS; IMPACTS; SYSTEMS AB The growing inventory of post-Noachian fluvial valleys may represent a late, widespread episode of aqueous activity on Mars, contrary to the paradigm that fluvial activity largely ceased around the Noachian-Hesperian boundary. Fresh shallow valleys (FSVs) are widespread from similar to 30 to 45 degrees in both hemispheres with a high concentration in northern Arabia Terra. Valleys in northern Arabia Terra characteristically start abruptly on steeper slopes and terminate in topographic depressions at elevations corresponding to model-predicted lake levels. Longer valley systems flowed into and out of chains of paleolakes. Minimum discharges based on the dimensions of the incised channel assuming medium to coarse sand-size grains ranges from tens to hundreds of m(3) s(-1), respectively, consistent with formation via snowmelt from surface or sub-ice flows. Hydrologic calculations indicate the valleys likely formed in hundreds of years or less, and crater statistics constrain the timing of fluvial activity to between the Hesperian and middle Amazonian. Several craters with channels extending radially outward supports evidence for overflow of interior crater lakes possibly fed by groundwater. Most FSVs occur away from young impact craters which make an association with impact processes improbable. The widespread occurrence of FSVs along with their similar morphology and shared modest state of degradation is consistent with most forming during a global interval of favorable climate, perhaps contemporaneous with alluvial fan formation in equatorial and midlatitudes. Evidence for a snowmelt-based hydrology and considerable depths of water on the landscape in Arabia supports a cold, wet, and possibly habitable environment late in Martian history. C1 [Wilson, Sharon A.; Grant, John A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wilson, Sharon A.; Howard, Alan D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Moore, Jeffrey M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Wilson, SA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Wilson, SA (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM wilsons@si.edu FU NASA [12-MDAP12-0033] FX Thanks to Cathy Quantin-Nataf and Nick Warner for their insightful reviews and to Caleb Fassett for his Associate Editor evaluation. This work was supported by a NASA grant 12-MDAP12-0033 from the Mars Data Analysis Program. The data used are listed in the figures, tables, supplemental material, and or repository at http://airandspace.si.edu/CEPSData. NR 82 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9097 EI 2169-9100 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD SEP PY 2016 VL 121 IS 9 BP 1667 EP 1694 DI 10.1002/2016JE005052 PG 28 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EC0MO UT WOS:000387795400006 ER PT J AU Dumusque, X AF Dumusque, X. TI Radial velocity fitting challenge I. Simulating the data set including realistic stellar radial-velocity signals SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE techniques: radial velocities; stars: oscillations; stars: activity; Sun: activity; Sun: faculae, plages; sunspots ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS; EARTH-LIKE PLANETS; HABITABLE-ZONE; SUPER-EARTH; LINE ASYMMETRIES; TIME-SERIES; GLIESE 581; CHROMOSPHERIC VARIATIONS; BAYESIAN REANALYSIS AB Context. Stellar signals are the main limitation for precise radial-velocity (RV) measurements. These signals arise from the photosphere of the stars. The m s(-1) perturbation created by these signals prevents the detection and mass characterization of small-mass planetary candidates such as Earth-twins. Several methods have been proposed to mitigate stellar signals in RV measurements. However, without precisely knowing the stellar and planetary signals in real observations, it is extremely difficult to test the efficiency of these methods. Aims. The goal of the RV fitting challenge is to generate simulated RV data including stellar and planetary signals and to perform a blind test within the community to test the efficiency of the different methods proposed to recover planetary signals despite stellar signals. Methods. In this first paper, we describe the simulation used to model the measurements of the RV fitting challenge. Each simulated planetary system includes the signals from instrumental noise, stellar oscillations, granulation, supergranulation, stellar activity, and observed and simulated planetary systems. In addition to RV variations, this simulation also models the effects of instrumental noise and stellar signals on activity observables obtained by HARPS-type high-resolution spectrographs, that is, the calcium activity index log(R-HK') and the bisector span and full width at half maximum of the cross-correlation function. Results. We publish the 15 systems used for the RV fitting challenge including the details about the planetary systems that were injected into each of them. C1 [Dumusque, X.] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneve, 51 Ch Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Dumusque, X.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Dumusque, X (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Observ Geneve, 51 Ch Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland.; Dumusque, X (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM xavier.dumusque@unige.ch FU Society in Science - The Branco Weiss Fellowship FX X. Dumusque is extremely grateful to S. Aigrain, G. Anglada-Escude, G. Boue, A. Correia, R. Diaz, D.A. Fischer, E.B. Ford, P.C. Gregory, A. Hatzes, J.S. Jenkins, A. Santerne, S. H. Saar, G. Scandariato, and M. Tuomi for interesting discussions about the design of the data set of the RV fitting challenge and the best way to organize it. X. Dumusque also acknowledges the Society in Science - The Branco Weiss Fellowship for its financial support. NR 118 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A5 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628672 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100099 ER PT J AU Fremling, C Sollerman, J Taddia, F Ergon, M Fraser, M Karamehmetoglu, E Valenti, S Jerkstrand, A Arcavi, I Bufano, F Rosa, NE Filippenko, AV Fox, D Gal-Yam, A Howell, DA Kotak, R Mazzali, P Milisavljevic, D Nugent, PE Nyholm, A Pian, E Smartt, S AF Fremling, C. Sollerman, J. Taddia, F. Ergon, M. Fraser, M. Karamehmetoglu, E. Valenti, S. Jerkstrand, A. Arcavi, I. Bufano, F. Rosa, N. Elias Filippenko, A. V. Fox, D. Gal-Yam, A. Howell, D. A. Kotak, R. Mazzali, P. Milisavljevic, D. Nugent, P. E. Nyholm, A. Pian, E. Smartt, S. TI PTF12os and iPTF13bvn Two stripped-envelope supernovae from low-mass progenitors in NGC 5806 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual: PTF12os; galaxies: individual: NGC 5806 techniques: image processing; supernovae: individual: iPTF13bvn ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; ULTRA-VIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT CURVES; IB SUPERNOVA; SN 2011DH; NITROGEN ABUNDANCES; BINARY PROGENITOR; IIB SUPERNOVAE; STARS AB Context. We investigate two stripped-envelope supernovae (SNe) discovered in the nearby galaxy NGC 5806 by the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory [(i) PTF]. These SNe, designated PTF12os/SN 2012P and iPTF13bvn, exploded within similar to 520 days of one another at a similar distance from the host-galaxy center. We classify PTF12os as a Type IIb SN based on our spectral sequence; iPTF13bvn has previously been classified as Type Ib having a likely progenitor with zero age main sequence (ZAMS) mass below similar to 17 M-circle dot. Because of the shared and nearby host, we are presented with a unique opportunity to compare these two SNe. Aims. Our main objective is to constrain the explosion parameters of iPTF12os and iPTF13bvn, and to put constraints on the SN progenitors. We also aim to spatially map the metallicity in the host galaxy, and to investigate the presence of hydrogen in early-time spectra of both SNe. Methods. We present comprehensive datasets collected on PTF12os and iPTF13bvn, and introduce a new automatic referencesubtraction photometry pipeline (FPipe) currently in use by the iPTF. We perform a detailed study of the light curves (LCs) and spectral evolution of the SNe. The bolometric LCs are modeled using the hydrodynamical code hyde. We analyze early spectra of both SNe to investigate the presence of hydrogen; for iPTF13bvn we also investigate the regions of the Paschen lines in infrared spectra. We perform spectral line analysis of helium and iron lines to map the ejecta structure of both SNe. We use nebular models and late-time spectroscopy to constrain the ZAMS mass of the progenitors. We also perform image registration of ground-based images of PTF12os to archival HST images of NGC 5806 to identify a potential progenitor candidate. Results. We find that our nebular spectroscopy of iPTF13bvn remains consistent with a low-mass progenitor, likely having a ZAMS mass of similar to 12 M-circle dot. Our late-time spectroscopy of PTF12os is consistent with a ZAMS mass of similar to 15 M-circle dot. We successfully identify a source in pre-explosion HST images coincident with PTF12os. The colors and absolute magnitude of this object are consistent between pre-explosion and late-time HST images, implying it is a cluster of massive stars. Our hydrodynamical modeling suggests that the progenitor of PTF12os had a compact He core with a mass of 3.25(-0.56)(+0.77) M-circle dot at the time of the explosion, which had a total kinetic energy of 0.54(-0.25)(+0.41) x 10(51) erg and synthesized 0.063(-0.011)(+0.020) M-circle dot of strongly mixed Ni-56. Spectral comparisons to the Type IIb SN 2011dh indicate that the progenitor of PTF12os was surrounded by a thin hydrogen envelope with a mass lower than 0.02 M-circle dot. We also find tentative evidence that the progenitor of iPTF13bvn could have been surrounded by a small amount of hydrogen prior to the explosion. This result is supported by possible weak signals of hydrogen in both optical and infrared spectra. C1 [Fremling, C.; Sollerman, J.; Taddia, F.; Ergon, M.; Karamehmetoglu, E.; Nyholm, A.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Fraser, M.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Valenti, S.; Arcavi, I.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Jerkstrand, A.; Kotak, R.; Smartt, S.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Arcavi, I.; Gal-Yam, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Bufano, F.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Rosa, N. Elias] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Filippenko, A. V.; Nugent, P. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fox, D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Howell, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Broida Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Mazzali, P.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Mazzali, P.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Milisavljevic, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Nugent, P. E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 50B-4206, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pian, E.] Inst Space Astrophys & Cosm Phys, INAF, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Pian, E.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. RP Fremling, C (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM christoffer.fremling@astro.su.se RI Elias-Rosa, Nancy/D-3759-2014; OI Elias-Rosa, Nancy/0000-0002-1381-9125; Kotak, Rubina/0000-0001-5455-3653 FU Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; W.M. Keck Foundation; ESO-NTT large programme [184.D-1140]; ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory [093.D-0199(A)]; EU/FP7 via ERC grant [307260]; Quantum Universe I-Core program by the Israeli Committee for Planning and Budgeting; Minerva grant; ISF grant; Weizmann-UK making connections program; Kimmel award; ARCHES award; NASA/HST grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [AR-14295]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; Christopher R. Redlich Fund; TABASGO Foundation; NSF [AST-1211916]; PRIN-INAF with the project: Transient Universe: unveiling new types of stellar explosions with PESSTO; European Union FP7 program though ERC grant [320360]; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ERC Grant [291222] FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. The Oskar Klein Centre is funded by the Swedish Research Council. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We acknowledge help from Rob Fesen, Craig Wheeler, and Shazrene Mohamed with the SALT data, as well as Jeffrey Silverman for help with the Keck data. We thank Alastair Bruce for assistance with the WHT observing and data reduction. We especially thank Shri Kulkarni, Mansi Kasliwal, Yi Cao, Anna-Lisa de Cia, Jerod Parrent, Assaf Horesh, Tom Matheson, Melissa Graham, Dan Perley, Eric Bellm, Ofer Yaron, Yen-Chen Pan and Kelsey Clubb for help with observations and/or reductions within the PTF effort. We also acknowledge observers, organizers, and data reducers who participated in the BLP 2012P campaign, in particular Andrea Pastorello, Max Stritzinger, Cosimo Inserra, Flora Cellier-Holzem, Luca Borsato, Valerio Nascimbeni, Stefano Benetti, and Stefan Taubenberger. We thank Doug Leonard for discussions regarding complementary MLO data. This work is partly based on observations obtained with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain. We acknowledge the exceptional support we received from the NOT staff throughout this campaign. Also based in part on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), installed in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, in the island of La Palma. This work is based in part on observations from the LCOGT network. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA; the observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. Research at Lick Observatory is partially supported by a generous gift from Google. CAFOS, AFOSC, and EFOSC2 data were taken within the European supernova collaboration involved in the ESO-NTT large programme 184.D-1140 led by Stefano Benetti. Partially based on observations collected at Copernico telescope (Asiago, Italy) of the INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, and the 2.2 m Telescope of the Centro Astronomico Hispano-Aleman, Calar Alto, Spain. Based in part on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina), and Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil). The Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) is a joint project of the University of Texas at Austin, the Pennsylvania State University, Stanford University, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, and Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen. The HET is named in honor of its principal benefactors, William P. Hobby and Robert E. Eberly. Some of the observations reported in this paper were obtained with the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT).; This paper is partly based on observations made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) operated on the island of La Palma by the Fundacion Galileo Galilei of the INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica) at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Partially based on observations obtained with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5-m telescope, which is owned and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. Based in part on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme 093.D-0199(A). We are grateful for the assistance of the staff members at all observatories where we obtained data. A.G.-Y. is supported by the EU/FP7 via ERC grant No. 307260, the Quantum Universe I-Core program by the Israeli Committee for Planning and Budgeting; by Minerva and ISF grants; by the Weizmann-UK making connections program; and by Kimmel and ARCHES awards. A.V.F.'s research is supported by NASA/HST grant AR-14295 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555; additional financial assistance was provided by the Christopher R. Redlich Fund, the TABASGO Foundation, and NSF grant AST-1211916. N.E.R. is supported by the PRIN-INAF 2014 with the project: Transient Universe: unveiling new types of stellar explosions with PESSTO. This work was partly supported by the European Union FP7 program though ERC grant number 320360. We acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement no [291222]. NR 100 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A68 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628275 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100054 ER PT J AU Greiner, J Michalowski, MJ Klose, S Hunt, LK Gentile, G Kamphuis, P Herrero-Illana, R Wieringa, M Kruhler, T Schady, P Elliott, J Graham, JF Ibar, E Knust, F Guelbenzu, AN Palazzi, E Rossi, A Savaglio, S AF Greiner, Jochen Michalowski, Michal J. Klose, Sylvio Hunt, Leslie K. Gentile, Gianfranco Kamphuis, Peter Herrero-Illana, Ruben Wieringa, Mark Kruehler, Thomas Schady, Patricia Elliott, Jonathan Graham, John F. Ibar, Eduardo Knust, Fabian Guelbenzu, Ana Nicuesa Palazzi, Eliana Rossi, Andrea Savaglio, Sandra TI Probing dust-obscured star formation in the most massive gamma-ray burst host galaxies SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: star formation; radio continuum: galaxies; gamma-ray burst: general ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; SWIFT/BAT6 COMPLETE SAMPLE; FORMATION RATES; RADIO AFTERGLOW; FORMATION CLUES; BIASED TRACERS; STELLAR MASSES; GRB 020819; METALLICITY; ENVIRONMENT AB Context. As a result of their relation to massive stars, long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) allow the pinpointing of star formation in galaxies independent of redshift, dust obscuration, or galaxy mass/size, thus providing a unique tool to investigate star formation history over cosmic time. Aims. About half of the optical afterglows of long-duration GRBs are missed owing to dust extinction and are primarily located in the most massive GRB hosts. It is important to investigate the amount of obscured star formation in these GRB host galaxies to understand this bias. Methods. Radio emission of galaxies correlates with star formation, but does not suffer extinction as do the optical star formation estimators. We selected 11 GRB host galaxies with either large stellar mass or large UV-based and optical-based star formation rates (SFRs) and obtained radio observations of these with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Karl Jansky Very Large Array. Results. Despite intentionally selecting GRB hosts with expected high SFRs, we do not find any radio emission related to star formation in any of our targets. Our upper limit for GRB 100621A implies that the earlier reported radio detection was due to afterglow emission. We detect radio emission from the position of GRB 020819B, but argue that it is in large part, if not completely, due to afterglow contamination. Conclusions. Half of our sample has radio-derived SFR limits, which are only a factor 2-3 above the optically measured SFRs. This supports other recent studies that the majority of star formation in GRB hosts is not obscured by dust. C1 [Greiner, Jochen; Kruehler, Thomas; Schady, Patricia; Graham, John F.; Knust, Fabian] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85740 Garching, Germany. [Michalowski, Michal J.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Klose, Sylvio; Guelbenzu, Ana Nicuesa] Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Sternwarte 5, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Hunt, Leslie K.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Gentile, Gianfranco] Univ Ghent, Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Gentile, Gianfranco] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Kamphuis, Peter] Australia Telescope Natl Facil, CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Kamphuis, Peter] TIFR, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Herrero-Illana, Ruben] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Wieringa, Mark] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Locked Bag 194, Narrabri 2390, Australia. [Elliott, Jonathan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Astrophys Data Syst, Garden St 60, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ibar, Eduardo] Univ Valparaiso, Inst Fis & Astron, Gran Bretana 1111, Valparaiso, Chile. [Palazzi, Eliana; Rossi, Andrea] Inst Space Astrophys & Cosm Phys, INAF, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Savaglio, Sandra] Univ Calabria, Dept Phys, Via P Bucci, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. RP Greiner, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85740 Garching, Germany. EM jcg@mpe.mpg.de FU DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe"; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; Spanish MINECO [AYA2012-38491-C02-02, AYA2015-63939-C2-1-P]; FEDER funds; Sofja Kovalevskaja award; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Germany; DFG [K1 766/16-1]; Commonwealth of Australia; Spitzer/NASA grant RSA [1287913] FX We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. J.G. and S.K. express particular thanks to K. Bannister, R. Wark, and J. Collier for support during the ATCA observations. J.G. acknowledges support by the DFG cluster of excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe" (www.universe-cluster.de), and M.J.M. the support of the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. R.H.I. acknowledges support from the Spanish MINECO through grants AYA2012-38491-C02-02 and AYA2015-63939-C2-1-P, partially funded by FEDER funds. P.S., J.F.G., and T.K. acknowledge support through the Sofja Kovalevskaja award to P. Schady from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Germany. S.K. acknowledges support by DFG grant K1 766/16-1. The Australia Telescope Compact Array is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility, which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research has made use of the GHostS database (www.grbhosts.ore), which is partly funded by Spitzer/NASA grant RSA Agreement No. 1287913. NR 116 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A17 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628861 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100126 ER PT J AU Hasenberger, B Forbrich, J Alyes, J Wolk, SJ Meingast, S Getman, KV Pillitteri, I AF Hasenberger, Birgit Forbrich, Jan Alyes, Joao Wolk, Scott J. Meingast, Stefan Getman, Konstantin V. Pillitteri, Ignazio TI Gas absorption and dust extinction towards the Orion Nebula Cluster SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; X-rays: ISM; infrared: ISM; stars: pre-main sequence ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; STAR-FORMING REGION; OPHIUCHI DARK CLOUD; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; CROSS-SECTIONS; SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS AB Aims. We characterise the relation between the gas and dust content of the interstellar medium towards young stellar objects in the Orion Nebula Cluster. Methods. X-ray observations provide estimates of the absorbing equivalent hydrogen column density N-H based on spectral fits. Near-infrared extinction values are calculated from intrinsic and observed colour magnitudes (J-H) and (H-Ks) as given by the VISTA Orion A survey. A linear fit of the correlation between column density and extinction values A(V) yields an estimate of the N-H/A(V) ratio. We investigate systematic uncertainties of the results by describing and (if possible) quantifying the influence of circumstellar material and the adopted extinction law, X-ray models, and elemental abundances on the N-H/A(V) ratio. Results. Assuming a Galactic extinction law with R-V = 3.1 and solar abundances by Anders & Grevesse (1989, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53, 197), we deduce an N-H/A(V) ratio of (1.39 +/- 0.14) x 10(21) cm(-2) mag 1 for Class III sources in the Orion Nebula Cluster where the given error does not include systematic uncertainties. This ratio is consistent with similar studies in other star-forming regions and approximately 31% lower than the Galactic value. We find no obvious trends in the spatial distribution of N-H/A(V) ratios. Changes in the assumed extinction law and elemental abundances are demonstrated to have a relevant impact on deduced A(V) and N-H values, respectively. Large systematic uncertainties associated with metal abundances in the Orion Nebula Cluster represent the primary limitation for the deduction of a definitive N-H/A(V) ratio and the physical interpretation of these results. C1 [Hasenberger, Birgit; Forbrich, Jan; Alyes, Joao; Meingast, Stefan] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Forbrich, Jan; Wolk, Scott J.; Pillitteri, Ignazio] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Getman, Konstantin V.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Pillitteri, Ignazio] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. RP Hasenberger, B (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, Turkenschanzstr 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. EM birgit.hasenberger@univie.ac.at OI Meingast, Stefan/0000-0002-0568-5526; Pillitteri, Ignazio/0000-0003-4948-6550 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [GO2-13019X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; Chandra ACIS Team [SV4-74018] FX We thank the anonymous referee for comments and suggestions that helped improve the manuscript. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO2-13019X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. S.J.W. was supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060. K.V.G. acknowledges the support from the Chandra ACIS Team contract SV4-74018 (G. Garmire & L. Townsley, PIs), issued by the Chandra X-ray Center. This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013); matplotlib, a Python library for publication quality graphics (Hunter 2007); SciPy (Jones et al. 2001); and XSPEC (Arnaud 1996). NR 79 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A7 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628517 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100080 ER PT J AU Herzog, A Norris, RP Middelberg, E Seymour, N Spitler, LR Emonts, BHC Franzen, TMO Hunstead, R Intema, HT Marvil, J Parker, QA Sirothia, SK Hurley-Walker, N Bell, M Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Callingham, JR Deshpande, AA Dwarakanath, KS For, BQ Greenhill, LJ Hancock, P Hazelton, BJ Hindson, L Johnston-Hollitt, M Kapinska, AD Kaplan, DL Lenc, E Lonsdale, CJ McKinley, B McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Morgan, J Oberoi, D Offringa, A Ord, SM Prabu, T Procopio, P Shankar, NU Srivani, KS Staveley-Smith, L Subrahmanyan, R Tingay, SJ Wayth, RB Webster, RL Williams, A Williams, CL Wu, C Zheng, Q Bannister, KW Chippendale, AP Harvey-Smith, L Heywood, I Indermuehle, B Popping, A Sault, RJ Whiting, MT AF Herzog, A. Norris, R. P. Middelberg, E. Seymour, N. Spitler, L. R. Emonts, B. H. C. Franzen, T. M. O. Hunstead, R. Intema, H. T. Marvil, J. Parker, Q. A. Sirothia, S. K. Hurley-Walker, N. Bell, M. Bernardi, G. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Callingham, J. R. Deshpande, A. A. Dwarakanath, K. S. For, B. -Q. Greenhill, L. J. Hancock, P. Hazelton, B. J. Hindson, L. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Kapinska, A. D. Kaplan, D. L. Lenc, E. Lonsdale, C. J. McKinley, B. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Morgan, J. Oberoi, D. Offringa, A. Ord, S. M. Prabu, T. Procopio, P. Shankar, N. Udaya Srivani, K. S. Staveley-Smith, L. Subrahmanyan, R. Tingay, S. J. Wayth, R. B. Webster, R. L. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. Wu, C. Zheng, Q. Bannister, K. W. Chippendale, A. P. Harvey-Smith, L. Heywood, I. Indermuehle, B. Popping, A. Sault, R. J. Whiting, M. T. TI The radio spectral energy distribution of infrared-faint radio sources SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: high-redshift; radio continuum: galaxies ID GIGAHERTZ-PEAKED-SPECTRUM; COMPACT STEEP-SPECTRUM; DEEP FIELD SOUTH; BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES; SPITZER EXTRAGALACTIC 1ST; SQUARE KILOMETER ARRAY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SOURCE CATALOG; WIDE-FIELD; SKY SURVEY AB Context. Infrared-faint radio sources (IFRS) are a class of radio-loud (RL) active galactic nuclei (AGN) at high redshifts (z >= 1 : 7) that are characterised by their relative infrared faintness, resulting in enormous radio-to-infrared flux density ratios of up to several thousand. Aims. Because of their optical and infrared faintness, it is very challenging to study IFRS at these wavelengths. However, IFRS are relatively bright in the radio regime with 1.4 GHz flux densities of a few to a few tens of mJy. Therefore, the radio regime is the most promising wavelength regime in which to constrain their nature. We aim to test the hypothesis that IFRS are young AGN, particularly GHz peaked-spectrum (GPS) and compact steep-spectrum (CSS) sources that have a low frequency turnover. Methods. We use the rich radio data set available for the Australia Telescope Large Area Survey fields, covering the frequency range between 150MHz and 34 GHz with up to 19 wavebands from different telescopes, and build radio spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for 34 IFRS. We then study the radio properties of this class of object with respect to turnover, spectral index, and behaviour towards higher frequencies. We also present the highest-frequency radio observations of an IFRS, observed with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer at 105 GHz, and model the multi-wavelength and radio-far-infrared SED of this source. Results. We find IFRS usually follow single power laws down to observed frequencies of around 150 MHz. Mostly, the radio SEDs are steep (alpha < -0.8; 74(-9)(+6)%), but we also find ultra-steep SEDs (alpha < 1.3; 6(-2)(+7)%). In particular, IFRS show statistically significantly steeper radio SEDs than the broader RL AGN population. Our analysis reveals that the fractions of GPS and CSS sources in the population of IFRS are consistent with the fractions in the broader RL AGN population. We find that at least 18(-5)(+85) % of IFRS contain young AGN, although the fraction might be significantly higher as suggested by the steep SEDs and the compact morphology of IFRS. The detailed multi-wavelength SED modelling of one IFRS shows that it is di ff erent from ordinary AGN, although it is consistent with a composite starburst-AGN model with a star formation rate of 170 M(circle dot)yr(-1). C1 [Herzog, A.; Middelberg, E.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Astron Inst, Univ Str 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany. [Herzog, A.; Spitler, L. R.; Parker, Q. A.] Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Herzog, A.; Norris, R. P.; Marvil, J.; Bell, M.; Callingham, J. R.; Bannister, K. W.; Chippendale, A. P.; Harvey-Smith, L.; Heywood, I.; Indermuehle, B.; Popping, A.; Sault, R. J.; Whiting, M. T.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Norris, R. P.] Univ Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Seymour, N.; Franzen, T. M. O.; Hurley-Walker, N.; Hancock, P.; Morgan, J.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Spitler, L. R.; Parker, Q. A.] Australian Astron Observ, POB 915, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. [Emonts, B. H. C.] Ctr Astrobiol INTA CSIC, Ctra Torrejon Ajalvir,Km 4, Madrid 28850, Spain. [Hunstead, R.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB O,1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Parker, Q. A.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Chong Yeut Ming Phys Bldg, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Japan. [Sirothia, S. K.] TIER, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Post Bag 3,Pune Univ Campus, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Sirothia, S. K.; Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, 3rd Floor,Pk,Pk Rd, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Sirothia, S. K.; Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bowman, J. D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Briggs, F.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; McWhirter, S. R.] MIT Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Hancock, P.; Kapinska, A. D.; Lenc, E.; McKinley, B.; Mitchell, D. A.; Harvey-Smith, L.; Popping, A.] Univ Sydney, ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Deshpande, A. A.; Dwarakanath, K. S.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [For, B. -Q.; Wu, C.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hindson, L.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [McKinley, B.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Morgan, E.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Offringa, A.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. RP Herzog, A (reprint author), Ruhr Univ Bochum, Astron Inst, Univ Str 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.; Herzog, A (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.; Herzog, A (reprint author), CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. EM herzog@astro.rub.de RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; Dwarakanath, K /D-4876-2012; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Norris, Ray/0000-0002-4597-1906; Lenc, Emil/0000-0002-9994-1593; Callingham, Joseph/0000-0002-7167-1819 FU ARC; European Union [624351]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Commonwealth of Australia; Commonwealth Government of Australia; State Government of Western Australia; Western Australian Government; Australian Government FX We thank our referee Alastair Edge for valuable suggestions which helped to improve this paper. We thank the IRAM staff for carrying out the PdBI observations and helping with data calibration. N.S. is the recipient of an ARC Future Fellowship. B.E. acknowledges funding through the European Union FP7 IEF grant No. 624351. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of data from HerMES project (http://hermes.sussex.ac.uk/). HerMES is a Herschel Key Programme utilising Guaranteed Time from the SPIRE instrument team, ESAC scientists and a mission scientist. The HerMES data was accessed through the Herschel Database in Marseille (HeDaM - http://hedam.lam.fr) operated by CeSAM and hosted by the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille. The Australian SKA Pathfinder is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. This scientific work uses data obtained from the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO), which is jointly funded by the Commonwealth Government of Australia and State Government of Western Australia. The MRO is managed by the CSIRO, who also provide operational support to ASKAP. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. The work was supported by iVEC through the use of advanced computing resources at the Pawsey Advanced Supercomputing Centre. Support for the operation of the MWA is provided by the Australian Government (NCRIS), under a contract to Curtin University administered by Astronomy Australia Limited. We acknowledge the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre which is supported by the Western Australian and Australian Governments. NR 90 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A130 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527000 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100016 ER PT J AU Liu, HB Wright, MCH Zhao, JH Brinkerink, CD Ho, PTP Mills, EAC Martin, S Falcke, H Matsushita, S Marti-Vidal, I AF Liu, Hauyu Baobab Wright, Melvyn C. H. Zhao, Jun-Hui Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Ho, Paul T. P. Mills, Elisabeth A. C. Martin, Sergio Falcke, Heino Matsushita, Satoki Marti-Vidal, Ivan TI Linearly polarized millimeter and submillimeter continuum emission of Sgr A* constrained by ALMA SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE polarization; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; relativistic processes; techniques: interferometric; techniques: polarimetric; quasars: supermassive black holes ID SAGITTARIUS-A; CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION; GALACTIC-CENTER; IONIZED-GAS; BLACK-HOLE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; GHZ; VARIABILITY; SPECTRUM; RADIO AB Aims. Our aim is to characterize the polarized continuum emission properties including intensity, polarization position angle, and polarization percentage of Sgr A* at similar to 100 (3.0 mm), similar to 230 (1.3 mm), similar to 345 (0.87 mm), similar to 500 (0.6 mm), and similar to 700 GHz (0.43 mm). Methods. We report continuum emission properties of Sgr A* at the above frequency bands, based on the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations. We measured flux densities of Sgr A* from ALMA single pointing and mosaic observations. We performed sinusoidal fittings to the observed (XX-YY)/I intensity ratios, to derive the polarization position angles and polarization percentages. Results. We successfully detect polarized continuum emission from all observed frequency bands. We observed lower Stokes I intensity at similar to 700 GHz than that at similar to 500 GHz, which suggests that emission at greater than or similar to 500 GHz is from the optically thin part of a synchrotron emission spectrum. Both the Stokes I intensity and the polarization position angle at our highest observing frequency of similar to 700 GHz, may vary with time. However, as yet we do not detect variation in the polarization percentage at >500 GHz. The polarization percentage at similar to 700 GHz is likely lower than that at similar to 500 GHz. By comparing the similar to 500 GHz and similar to 700 GHz observations with the observations at lower frequency bands, we suggest that the intrinsic polarization position angle of Sgr A* varies with time. This paper also reports the measurable polarization properties from the observed calibration quasars. Conclusions. Future simultaneous multi-frequency polarization observations are required to clarify the time and frequency variation of the polarization position angle and polarization percentage. C1 [Liu, Hauyu Baobab] ESO, Karl Schwarzsehild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Liu, Hauyu Baobab; Ho, Paul T. P.; Matsushita, Satoki] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Wright, Melvyn C. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhao, Jun-Hui] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Falcke, Heino] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, POB 9010, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Mills, Elisabeth A. C.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Martin, Sergio] European Southern Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. [Martin, Sergio] Joint ALMA Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. [Marti-Vidal, Ivan] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. RP Liu, HB (reprint author), ESO, Karl Schwarzsehild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.; Liu, HB (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM baobabyoo@gmail.com RI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/A-8799-2017; OI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/0000-0003-3708-9611; Martin Ruiz, Sergio/0000-0001-9281-2919 NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A107 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628731 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100108 ER PT J AU Liu, HB Wright, MCH Zhao, JH Mills, EAC Requena-Torres, MA Matsushita, S Martin, S Ott, J Morris, MR Longmore, SN Brinkerink, CD Falcke, H AF Liu, Hauyu Baobab Wright, Melvyn C. H. Zhao, Jun-Hui Mills, Elisabeth A. C. Requena-Torres, Miguel A. Matsushita, Satoki Martin, Sergio Ott, Jurgen Morris, Mark R. Longmore, Steven N. Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Falcke, Heino TI The 492 GHz emission of Sgr A* constrained by ALMA SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE techniques: polarimetric; black hole physics; polarization; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; Galaxy: nucleus ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; NEAR-INFRARED FLARES; SAGITTARIUS-A; GALACTIC-CENTER; LINEAR-POLARIZATION; CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION; MILKY-WAY; SUBMILLIMETER EMISSION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; STELLAR ORBITS AB Aims. Our aim is to characterize the polarized continuum emission properties including intensity, polarization position angle, and polarization percentage of Sgr A* at similar to 492 GHz. This frequency, well into the submillimeter bump where the emission is supposed to become optically thin, allows us to see down to the event horizon. Hence the reported observations contain potentially vital information on black hole properties. We have compared our measurements with previous, lower frequency observations, which provides information in the time domain. Methods. We report continuum emission properties of Sgr A* at similar to 492 GHz, based on Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations. We measured flux densities of Sgr A* from the central fields of our ALMA mosaic observations. We used calibration observations of the likely unpolarized continuum emission of Titan and the observations of C i line emission, to gauge the degree of spurious polarization. Results. The flux density of 3.6 +/- 0.72 Jy which we measured during our run is consistent with extrapolations from previous, lower frequency observations. We found that the continuum emission of Sgr A* at similar to 492 GHz shows large amplitude differences between the XX and the YY correlations. The observed intensity ratio between the XX and YY correlations as a function of parallactic angle can be explained by a constant polarization position angle of similar to 158 degrees +/- 3 degrees. The fitted polarization percentage of Sgr A* during our observational period is 14% +/- 1.2%. The calibrator quasar J1744-3116 we observed on the same night can be fitted to Stokes I = 252 mJy, with 7.9% +/- 0.9% polarization at position angle PA = 14 degrees +/- 4.2 degrees. Conclusions. The observed polarization percentage and polarization position angle in the present work appear consistent with those expected from longer wavelength observations in the period of 1999 2005. In particular, the polarization position angle at 492 GHz expected from the previously fitted 167 degrees +/- 7 degrees intrinsic polarization position angle and (5.6 +/- 0.7) x 105 rotation measure is 155(-8)(+98)degrees, which is consistent with our new measurement of polarization position angle within 1 sigma. The polarization percentage and the polarization position angle may be varying over the period of our ALMA 12 m Array observations, which demands further investigation with future polarization observations. C1 [Liu, Hauyu Baobab] ESO, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Liu, Hauyu Baobab; Matsushita, Satoki] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Wright, Melvyn C. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhao, Jun-Hui] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mills, Elisabeth A. C.; Ott, Jurgen] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Requena-Torres, Miguel A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Martin, Sergio] European Southern Observ, 3107 Alonso Cordova, Santiago, Chile. [Martin, Sergio] Joint ALMA Observ, 3107 Alonso Cordova, Santiago, Chile. [Morris, Mark R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Longmore, Steven N.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Falcke, Heino] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Liu, HB (reprint author), ESO, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.; Liu, HB (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM baobabyoo@gmail.com OI Martin Ruiz, Sergio/0000-0001-9281-2919 FU ASIAA FX We thank our referee for the very precise and useful opinions. H.B.L. thanks ASIAA for support. H.B.L. thanks Yu-Nung Su for the help when organizing the observational proposal; and thanks Lei Huang for some basic discussion on the subject in 2004-2006. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA 2013.1.00071.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. We thank Aaron Evans and Todd Hunter for providing information about the ALMA primary beams. We thank Shin'ichiro Asayama, Ted Huang, Hiroshi Nagai, Dirk Petry, George Moellenbrock and Charles Hull for providing clarification on the ALMA feed orientation. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A44 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628176 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100046 ER PT J AU Schwarz, H Ginski, C de Kok, RJ Snellen, IAG Brogi, M Birkby, JL AF Schwarz, Henriette Ginski, Christian de Kok, Remco J. Snellen, Ignas A. G. Brogi, Matteo Birkby, Jayne L. TI The slow spin of the young substellar companion GQ Lupi b and its orbital configuration SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: individual: GQ Lupi b; techniques: imaging spectroscopy; infrared: planetary systems; planets and satellites: atmospheres; brown dwarfs ID BETA-PICTORIS B; COLLISION-INDUCED ABSORPTION; SUB-STELLAR COMPANIONS; GIANT PLANET FORMATION; BROWN DWARFS; ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES; MASS COMPANION; H-2 PAIRS; STARS; ACCRETION AB The spin of a planet or brown dwarf is related to the accretion process, and therefore studying spin can help promote our understanding of the formation of such objects. We present the projected rotational velocity of the young substellar companion GQ Lupi b, along with its barycentric radial velocity. The directly imaged exoplanet or brown dwarf companion joins a small but growing ensemble of wideorbit, substellar companions with a spin measurement. The GQ Lupi system was observed at high spectral resolution (R similar to 100 000), and in the analysis we made use of both spectral and spatial filtering to separate the signal of the companion from that of the host star. We detect both CO (S/N = 11.6) and H2O (S/N = 7.7) in the atmosphere of GQ Lupi b by cross-correlating with model spectra, and we find it to be a slow rotator with a projected rotational velocity of 5.3(-1.0)(+0.9) km s(-1). The slow rotation is most likely due to its young age of <5 Myr, as it is still in the process of accreting material and angular momentum. We measure the barycentric radial velocity of GQ Lupi b to be 2.0 +/- 0.4 km s(-1), and discuss the allowed orbital configurations and their implications for formation scenarios for GQ Lupi b. C1 [Schwarz, Henriette; Ginski, Christian; de Kok, Remco J.; Snellen, Ignas A. G.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [de Kok, Remco J.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Brogi, Matteo] Univ Colorado Boulder, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Birkby, Jayne L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Schwarz, H (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM schwarz@strw.leidenuniv.nl FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [639.043.107]; NASA through Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51336]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA FX This work is part of the research programmes PEPSci and VICI 639.043.107, which are financed by The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Support for this work was provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51336 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. Furthermore, this work was performed in part under contract with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A74 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628908 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100133 ER PT J AU Testi, L Natta, A Scholz, A Tazzari, M Ricci, L Monsalvo, ID AF Testi, L. Natta, A. Scholz, A. Tazzari, M. Ricci, L. de Gregorio Monsalvo, I. TI Brown dwarf disks with ALMA: Evidence for truncated dust disks in Ophiuchus SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE protoplanetary disks; brown dwarfs; stars: formation; submillimeter: planetary systems ID LOW-MASS STARS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; RHO-OPHIUCHI; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; SUBSTELLAR OBJECTS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CLUSTER FORMATION; PLANET FORMATION; HERSCHEL SURVEY; GRAIN-GROWTH AB Context. The study of the properties of disks around young brown dwarfs can provide important clues on the formation of these very low-mass objects and on the possibility of forming planetary systems around them. The presence of warm dusty disks around brown dwarfs is well known, based on near-and mid-infrared studies. Aims. High angular resolution observations of the cold outer disk are limited; we used ALMA to attempt a first survey of young brown dwarfs in the rho Oph star-forming region. Methods. All 17 young brown dwarfs in our sample were observed at 890 mu m in the continuum at similar to 0 ''.5 angular resolution. The sensitivity of our observations was chosen to detect similar to 0.5 M-circle plus of dust. Results. We detect continuum emission in 11 disks (similar to 65% of the total), and the estimated mass of dust in the detected disks ranges from similar to 0.5 to similar to 6 M-circle plus. These disk masses imply that planet formation around brown dwarfs may be relatively rare and that the supra-Jupiter mass companions found around some brown dwarfs are probably the result of a binary system formation. We find evidence that the two brightest disks in rho Oph have sharp outer edges at R less than or similar to 25 AU, in contrast to disks around Taurus brown dwarfs. This difference may suggest that the different environment in rho Oph may lead to significant differences in disk properties. A comparison of the M-disk/M-* ratio for brown dwarf and solar-mass systems also shows a possible deficit of mass in brown dwarfs, which could support the evidence for dynamical truncation of disks in the substellar regime. These findings are still tentative and need to be put on firmer grounds by studying the gaseous disks around brown dwarfs and by performing a more systematic and unbiased survey of the disk population around the more massive stars. C1 [Testi, L.; Tazzari, M.; de Gregorio Monsalvo, I.] ESO European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Testi, L.; Tazzari, M.] Excellence Cluster Universe, Boltzmann Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Testi, L.; Natta, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Testi, L.] Chalmers, Gothenburg Ctr Adv Studies Sci & Technol, Dept Math Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Testi, L.] Univ Gothenburg, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Natta, A.] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Sch Cosm Phys, 31 Fitzwilliams Pl, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Scholz, A.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Ricci, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [de Gregorio Monsalvo, I.] Joint ALMA Observ JAO, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura Santiago De Chi, Chile. RP Testi, L (reprint author), ESO European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.; Testi, L (reprint author), Excellence Cluster Universe, Boltzmann Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.; Testi, L (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy.; Testi, L (reprint author), Chalmers, Gothenburg Ctr Adv Studies Sci & Technol, Dept Math Sci, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.; Testi, L (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. EM ltesti@eso.org FU Science Foundation Ireland [13/ERC/I2907]; Gothenburg Centre for Advanced Studies in Science and Technology as part of the GoCAS program Origins of Habitable Planets; Italian Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universita e Ricerca through the grant Progetti Premiali iALMA [CUP C52I13000140001] FX We thank Til Birnstiel for insightful discussions on the effect of grain growth on the measured outer edges of disks and Carlo Manara for the relentless efforts to overcome the difficulties in estimating correctly the photospheric parameters of young BDs. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00037.S and ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00259.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. A.N. acknowledges funding from Science Foundation Ireland (Grant 13/ERC/I2907). This work was partly supported by the Gothenburg Centre for Advanced Studies in Science and Technology as part of the GoCAS program Origins of Habitable Planets and by the Italian Ministero dell'Istruzione, Universita e Ricerca through the grant Progetti Premiali 2012-iALMA (CUP C52I13000140001). NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 593 AR A111 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628623 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4HU UT WOS:000385820100093 ER PT J AU Glowska, E Broda, L Gebhard, CA Dabert, M AF Glowska, Eliza Broda, Lukasz Gebhard, Christina A. Dabert, Miroslawa TI A new quill mite Syringophiloidus plocei sp nov (Prostigmata: Syringophilidae) parasitizing ploceid birds (Passeriformes) in Gabon - a combined description using morphology and DNA barcoding SO ACTA PARASITOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Quill mites; ectoparasites; Ploceus; systematics; DNA barcodes ID CHEYLETOIDEA; ACARI; ACARIFORMES AB A new species of quill mites (Syringophilidae) Syringophiloidus plocei sp. nov. parasitizing Ploceus cucullatus (St. Muller) (type host), P. aurantius (Vieillot) and P. nigerrimus (Vieillot) (Ploceidae: Passeriformes) in Gabon is described using external morphology and DNA barcode data (the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences (COI) and D1-D3 region of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene). Females of S. plocei sp. nov. differ from S. pseudonigritae Glowska, Dragun-Damian and Dabert, 2012 by the length of setae ag3 190-230 (vs 145-160). The genetic distances (K2P) between COI haplotypes of S. plocei sp. nov. individuals (from P. cucullatus, P. nigerrimus and P. aurantius) and S. pseudonigritae ranges from 13.1-13.7%. C1 [Glowska, Eliza; Broda, Lukasz] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Dept Anim Morphol, Fac Biol, Umultowska 89, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. [Gebhard, Christina A.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Birds, POB 37012,MRC 116, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Dabert, Miroslawa] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Mol Biol Tech Lab, Fac Biol, Umultowska 89, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. RP Glowska, E (reprint author), Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Dept Anim Morphol, Fac Biol, Umultowska 89, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. EM glowska@amu.edu.pl FU Polish National Science Centre [NCN 2014/15/B/NZ8/00208] FX We are very grateful to the staff of the Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Birds, USNM for making the collection of feathers available for this study. This study was supported by the Polish National Science Centre (NCN 2014/15/B/NZ8/00208) (EG). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1230-2821 EI 1896-1851 J9 ACTA PARASITOL JI Acta Parasitolog. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 61 IS 3 BP 562 EP 566 DI 10.1515/ap-2016-0075 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA EB0QB UT WOS:000387048300017 PM 27447221 ER PT J AU Stevenson, KB Lewis, NK Bean, JL Beichman, C Fraine, J Kilpatrick, BM Krick, JE Lothringer, JD Mandell, AM Valenti, JA Agol, E Angerhausen, D Barstow, JK Birkmann, SM Burrows, A Charbonneau, D Cowan, NB Crouzet, N Cubillos, PE Curry, SM Dalba, PA de Wit, J Deming, D Desert, JM Doyon, R Dragomir, D Ehrenreich, D Fortney, JJ Munoz, AG Gibson, NP Gizis, JE Greene, TP Harrington, J Heng, K Kataria, T Kempton, EMR Knutson, H Kreidberg, L Lafreniere, D Lagage, PO Line, MR Lopez-Morales, M Madhusudhan, N Morley, CV Rocchetto, M Schlawin, E Shkolnik, EL Shporer, A Sing, DK Todorov, KO Tucker, GS Wakeford, HR AF Stevenson, Kevin B. Lewis, Nikole K. Bean, Jacob L. Beichman, Charles Fraine, Jonathan Kilpatrick, Brian M. Krick, J. E. Lothringer, Joshua D. Mandell, Avi M. Valenti, Jeff A. Agol, Eric Angerhausen, Daniel Barstow, Joanna K. Birkmann, Stephan M. Burrows, Adam Charbonneau, David Cowan, Nicolas B. Crouzet, Nicolas Cubillos, Patricio E. Curry, S. M. Dalba, Paul A. de Wit, Julien Deming, Drake Desert, Jean-Michel Doyon, Rene Dragomir, Diana Ehrenreich, David Fortney, Jonathan J. Munoz, Antonio Garcia Gibson, Neale P. Gizis, John E. Greene, Thomas P. Harrington, Joseph Heng, Kevin Kataria, Tiffany Kempton, Eliza M. -R. Knutson, Heather Kreidberg, Laura Lafreniere, David Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Line, Michael R. Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Madhusudhan, Nikku Morley, Caroline V. Rocchetto, Marco Schlawin, Everett Shkolnik, Evgenya L. Shporer, Avi Sing, David K. Todorov, Kamen O. Tucker, Gregory S. Wakeford, Hannah R. TI Transiting Exoplanet Studies and Community Targets for JWST's Early Release Science Program SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: individual; telescopes ID WEBB-SPACE-TELESCOPE; FIELD CAMERA 3; HOT JUPITERS; MIDINFRARED INSTRUMENT; RESOLUTION SPECTROMETER; TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM; GIANT PLANET; KEPLER FIELD; HD 149026B; WASP-SOUTH AB The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will likely revolutionize transiting exoplanet atmospheric science, due to a combination of its capability for continuous, long duration observations and its larger collecting area, spectral coverage, and spectral resolution compared to existing space-based facilities. However, it is unclear precisely how well JWST will perform and which of its myriad instruments and observing modes will be best suited for transiting exoplanet studies. In this article, we describe a prefatory JWST Early Release Science (ERS) Cycle. 1 program that focuses on testing specific observing modes to quickly give the community the data and experience it needs to plan more efficient and successful transiting exoplanet characterization programs in later cycles. We propose a multi-pronged approach wherein one aspect of the program focuses on observing transits of a single target with all of the recommended observing modes to identify and understand potential systematics, compare transmission spectra at overlapping and neighboring wavelength regions, confirm throughputs, and determine overall performances. In our search for transiting exoplanets that are well suited to achieving these goals, we identify 12 objects (dubbed "community targets") that meet our defined criteria. Currently, the most favorable target is WASP-62b because of its large predicted signal size, relatively bright host star, and location in JWST's continuous viewing zone. Since most of the community targets do not have well-characterized atmospheres, we recommend initiating preparatory observing programs to determine the presence of obscuring clouds/hazes within their atmospheres. Measurable spectroscopic features are needed to establish the optimal resolution and wavelength regions for exoplanet characterization. Other initiatives from our proposed ERS program include testing the instrument brightness limits and performing phase-curve observations. The latter are a unique challenge compared to transit observations because of their significantly longer durations. Using only a single mode, we propose to observe a full-orbit phase curve of one of the previously characterized, short-orbital-period planets to evaluate the facility-level aspects of long, uninterrupted time-series observations. C1 [Stevenson, Kevin B.; Bean, Jacob L.; Dragomir, Diana; Kreidberg, Laura] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Lewis, Nikole K.; Valenti, Jeff A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Beichman, Charles] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA USA. [Fraine, Jonathan; Schlawin, Everett] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kilpatrick, Brian M.; Tucker, Gregory S.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Krick, J. E.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Lothringer, Joshua D.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Mandell, Avi M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Syst Explorat Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Agol, Eric] Univ Washington, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Angerhausen, Daniel; Wakeford, Hannah R.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Barstow, Joanna K.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Birkmann, Stephan M.] European Space Agcy, Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Burrows, Adam] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Charbonneau, David; Lopez-Morales, Mercedes] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cowan, Nicolas B.] McGill Space Inst, 3550 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. [Crouzet, Nicolas] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cubillos, Patricio E.] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, Schmiedlstr 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria. [Curry, S. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dalba, Paul A.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [de Wit, Julien] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Deming, Drake] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Desert, Jean-Michel] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Doyon, Rene; Lafreniere, David] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Inst Rech Exoplanetes, CP 6128,Succ Ctr Vile, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Ehrenreich, David] Observ Univ Geneve, 51 Chemin Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Fortney, Jonathan J.; Morley, Caroline V.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Munoz, Antonio Garcia] Tech Univ Berlin, Zentrum Astron & Astrophys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany. [Gibson, Neale P.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Gizis, John E.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Greene, Thomas P.; Line, Michael R.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Harrington, Joseph] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Planetary Sci Grp, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Heng, Kevin] Univ Bern, Ctr Space & Habitabil, Sidlerstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Kataria, Tiffany; Sing, David K.] Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Astrophys Grp, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Kempton, Eliza M. -R.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Noyce Sci Bldg, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. [Knutson, Heather] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Lagage, Pierre-Olivier] Paris Saclay Univ, Irfu AIM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Madhusudhan, Nikku] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Rocchetto, Marco] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London NW1 2PS, England. [Shkolnik, Evgenya L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, 781 S Terrace Rd, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. [Shporer, Avi] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Todorov, Kamen O.] ETH, Inst Astron, Wolfgang Pauli Str 27, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Stevenson, KB (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM kbs@uchicago.edu RI Harrington, Joseph/E-6250-2011; OI Gibson, Neale/0000-0002-9308-2353 FU Sagan Fellowship Program - NASA FX K.B.S. recognizes support from the Sagan Fellowship Program, supported by NASA and administered by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI). NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 128 IS 967 AR 094401 DI 10.1088/1538-3873/128/967/094401 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EB1LK UT WOS:000387113200002 ER PT J AU Andrews, JJ Agueros, M Brown, WR Gosnell, NM Gianninas, A Kilic, M Koester, D AF Andrews, Jeff J. Agueros, Marcel Brown, Warren R. Gosnell, Natalie M. Gianninas, A. Kilic, Mukremin Koester, Detlev TI TODAY A DUO, BUT ONCE A TRIO? THE DOUBLE WHITE DWARF HS 2220+2146 MAY BE A POST-BLUE STRAGGLER BINARY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: visual; blue stragglers; white dwarfs ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; STELLAR COLLISION PRODUCTS; ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH; ROCHE-LOBE OVERFLOW; FINAL MASS RELATION; TRIPLE-SYSTEMS; DUST FORMATION; WIDE BINARIES; DATA RELEASE; AGB STARS AB For sufficiently wide orbital separations a, the two members of a stellar binary evolve independently. This implies that in a wide double white dwarf (DWD), the more massive WD should always be produced first, when its more massive progenitor ends its main sequence (MS) life, and should therefore be older and cooler than its companion. The bound, wide DWD HS 2220+2146 (a approximate to 500 au) does not conform to this picture: the more massive WD is the younger and hotter of the pair. We show that this discrepancy is unlikely to be due to past mass-transfer phases or to the presence of an unresolved companion. Instead, we propose that HS 2220+2146 formed through a new wide DWD evolutionary channel involving the merger of the inner binary in a hierarchical triple system. The resulting blue straggler and its wide companion then evolved independently, forming the WD pair seen today. Although we cannot rule out other scenarios, the most likely formation channel has the inner binary merging while both stars are still on the MS. This provides us with the tantalizing possibility that Kozai-Lidov oscillations may have played a role in the inner binary's merger. Gaia may uncover hundreds more wide DWDs, leading to the identification of other systems like HS 2220+2146. There are already indications that other WD systems may have been formed through different, but related, hierarchical triple evolutionary scenarios. Characterizing these populations may allow for thorough testing of the efficiency with which Kozai-Lidov oscillations induce stellar mergers. C1 [Andrews, Jeff J.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Andrews, Jeff J.; Agueros, Marcel] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Brown, Warren R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gosnell, Natalie M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gianninas, A.; Kilic, Mukremin] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, 440 West Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Koester, Detlev] Univ Kiel, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. RP Andrews, JJ (reprint author), Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece.; Andrews, JJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. RI Andrews, Jeffrey/O-2639-2015; OI Andrews, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5261-3923; Agueros, Marcel/0000-0001-7077-3664; Gianninas, Alexandros/0000-0002-8655-4308 FU NSF; NASA [AST-1255419, AST-1312678, NNX14AF65G]; W. J.. McDonald Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award by Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [GO6-17039X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; Brazilian Participation Group; Carnegie Institution for Science; Carnegie Mellon University; Chilean Participation Group; French Participation Group; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Johns Hopkins University; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching); Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE); National Astronomical Observatory of China; New Mexico State University; New York University; University of Notre Dame; Observatario Nacional/MCTI; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory; United Kingdom Participation Group; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; University of Arizona; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Oxford; University of Portsmouth; University of Utah; University of Virginia; University of Washington; University of Wisconsin; Vanderbilt University; Yale University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful suggestions that greatly improved this manuscript. We thank Phil Macias, Smadar Naoz, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz, and Tassos Fragos for useful conversations about this system. M.A.A., M.K., and A.G. gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF and NASA under grants AST-1255419, AST-1312678, and NNX14AF65G, respectively. N.M.G. acknowledges the support of the W. J.. McDonald Postdoctoral Fellowship. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO6-17039X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060.; Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org.; SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration, including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatory of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatario Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University.; This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All-Sky Survey, which was a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 87 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 828 IS 1 AR 38 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/828/1/38 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EA8OE UT WOS:000386894900038 ER PT J AU Avelino, A Kirshner, RP AF Avelino, Arturo Kirshner, Robert P. TI THE DIMENSIONLESS AGE OF THE UNIVERSE: A RIDDLE FOR OUR TIME SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: miscellaneous; cosmology: theory ID COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; COSMIC HORIZON; HD 140283; SUPERNOVAE; STAR; DISTANCES AB We present the interesting coincidence of cosmology and astrophysics that points toward a dimensionless age of the Universe H(0)t(0) that is close to one. Despite cosmic deceleration for 9 Gyr and acceleration since then, we find H(0)t(0) = 0.96 +/- 0.01 for the.CDM model that fits SN Ia data from Pan-STARRS, CMB power spectra, and baryon acoustic oscillations. Similarly, astrophysical measures of stellar ages and the Hubble constant derived from redshifts and distances point to H(0)t similar to 1.0 +/- 0.1. The wide range of possible values for H(0)t(0) realized during cosmic evolution means that we live at what appears to be a special time. This "synchronicity problem" is not precisely the same as the usual coincidence problem, because there are combinations of Omega(M) and Omega(Lambda) for which the usual coincidence problem holds but for which H(0)t(0) is not close to 1. C1 [Avelino, Arturo; Kirshner, Robert P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kirshner, Robert P.] Gordon & Betty Moore Fdn, 1661 Page Mill Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Avelino, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM aavelino@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-156854, AST-1211196]; Fundacion Mexico en Harvard; CONACyT FX The authors thank Adam Riess, Daniel Eisenstein, Eric Linder, Kaisey Mandel, Andrew Friedman, and Raul Jimenez for very useful discussions and suggestions to improve this work. Supernova cosmology at the Harvard College Observatory is supported by National Science Foundation grants AST-156854 and AST-1211196. A.A. acknowledges, also, the Instituto Avanzado de Cosmologia of Mexico, and the Mexico-Harvard Fellowship sponsored by Fundacion Mexico en Harvard and CONACyT. We acknowledge the use of emcee: The MCMC Hammer (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013). NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 828 IS 1 AR 35 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/828/1/35 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EA8OE UT WOS:000386894900035 ER PT J AU Han, C Udalski, A Gould, A Zhu, W Street, RA Yee, JC Beichman, C Bryden, C Novati, SC Carey, S Fausnaugh, M Gaudi, BS Henderson, CB Shvartzvald, Y Wibking, B Szymanski, MK Soszynski, I Skowron, J Mroz, P Poleski, R Pietrukowicz, P Kozlowski, S Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Pawlak, M Tsapras, Y Hundertmark, M Bachelet, E Dominik, M Bramich, DM Cassan, A Jaimes, RF Horne, K Ranc, C Schmidt, R Snodgrass, C Wambsganss, J Steele, IA Menzies, J Mao, S Bozza, V Jorgensen, UG Alsubai, KA Ciceri, S D'Ago, G Haugbolle, T Hessman, FV Hinse, TC Juncher, D Korhonen, H Mancini, L Popovas, A Rabus, M Rahvar, S Scarpetta, G Skottfelt, J Southworth, J Starkey, D Surdej, J Wertz, O Zarucki, M Pogge, RW DePpoy, DL AF Han, C. Udalski, A. Gould, A. Zhu, Wei Street, R. A. Yee, J. C. Beichman, C. Bryden, C. Novati, S. Calchi Carey, S. Fausnaugh, M. Gaudi, B. S. Henderson, Calen B. Shvartzvald, Y. Wibking, B. Szymanski, M. K. Soszynski, I. Skowron, J. Mroz, P. Poleski, R. Pietrukowicz, P. Kozlowski, S. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Pawlak, M. Tsapras, Y. Hundertmark, M. Bachelet, E. Dominik, M. Bramich, D. M. Cassan, A. Jaimes, R. Figuera Horne, K. Ranc, C. Schmidt, R. Snodgrass, C. Wambsganss, J. Steele, I. A. Menzies, J. Mao, S. Bozza, V. Jorgensen, U. G. Alsubai, K. A. Ciceri, S. D'Ago, G. Haugbolle, T. Hessman, F. V. Hinse, T. C. Juncher, D. Korhonen, H. Mancini, L. Popovas, A. Rabus, M. Rahvar, S. Scarpetta, G. Skottfelt, J. Southworth, J. Starkey, D. Surdej, J. Wertz, O. Zarucki, M. Pogge, R. W. DePpoy, D. L. CA Spitzer Microlensing Team OGLE Collaboration RoboNet Collaboration MINDSTEp Consortium Fun Collaboration TI OGLE-2015-BLG-0479LA,B: BINARY GRAVITATIONAL MICROLENS CHARACTERIZED BY SIMULTANEOUS GROUND-BASED AND SPACE-BASED OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; gravitational lensing: micro ID DIFFERENCE IMAGE-ANALYSIS; PARALLAX SATELLITE MASS; LENSING EXPERIMENT; PLANET PHOTOMETRY; GALACTIC BULGE; OGLE-III; SPITZER; EVENTS; STARS; DISTANCES AB We present a combined analysis of the observations of the gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2015-BLG-0479 taken both from the ground and by the Spitzer Space Telescope. The light curves seen from the ground and from space exhibit a time offset of similar to 13 days between the caustic spikes, indicating that the relative lens-source positions seen from the two places are displaced by parallax effects. From modeling the light curves, we measure the space-based microlens parallax. Combined with the angular Einstein radius measured by analyzing the caustic crossings, we determine the mass and distance of the lens. We find that the lens is a binary composed of two G-type stars with masses of similar to 1.0 M-circle dot and similar to 0.9 M-circle dot located at a distance. of similar to 3 kpc. In addition, we are able to constrain the complete orbital parameters of the lens thanks to the precise measurement of the microlens parallax derived from the joint analysis. In contrast to the binary event OGLE-2014-BLG-1050, which was also observed by Spitzer, we find that the interpretation of OGLE-2015-BLG-0479 does not suffer from the degeneracy between (+/-, +/-) and (+/-, -/+) solutions, confirming that the four-fold parallax degeneracy in single-lens events collapses into the two-fold degeneracy for the general case of binary-lens events. The location of the blend in the color-magnitude diagram is consistent with the lens properties, suggesting that the blend is the lens itself. The blend is bright enough for spectroscopy and thus this possibility can be checked from future follow-up observations. C1 [Han, C.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Udalski, A.; Szymanski, M. K.; Soszynski, I.; Skowron, J.; Mroz, P.; Poleski, R.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Kozlowski, S.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Pawlak, M.] Univ Warsaw Observ, Al Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Gould, A.; Zhu, Wei; Gaudi, B. S.; Wibking, B.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gould, A.; Ciceri, S.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Street, R. A.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Beichman, C.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bryden, C.; Henderson, Calen B.; Shvartzvald, Y.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, Via Giovanni Paolo II, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Novati, S. Calchi] IIASS, Via G Pellegrino 19, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Carey, S.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, MS 220-6, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Tsapras, Y.; Jaimes, R. Figuera; Schmidt, R.; Wambsganss, J.] Univ Heidelberg ZAH, Zentrum Astron, Astronom Rechen Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Hundertmark, M.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Oster Voldgade 5, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Hundertmark, M.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Oster Voldgade 5, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Bachelet, E.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Bachelet, E.; Bramich, D. M.; Alsubai, K. A.] Qatar Fdn, HBKU, QEERI, Doha, Qatar. [Dominik, M.; Jaimes, R. Figuera; Horne, K.; Starkey, D.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Ranc, C.] UPMC Univ Paris 6, Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris,UMR 7095, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Snodgrass, C.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Planetary & Space Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Steele, I. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Menzies, J.] South African Astron Observ, POB 9, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Mao, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Haugbolle, T.; Juncher, D.; Korhonen, H.; Popovas, A.; Skottfelt, J.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Hessman, F. V.] Georg August Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Hinse, T. C.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. [Korhonen, H.] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Rabus, M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Rahvar, S.] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Phys, POB 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran. [Southworth, J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Surdej, J.; Wertz, O.] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [DePpoy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Han, C (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. RI Korhonen, Heidi/E-3065-2016; D'Ago, Giuseppe/N-8318-2016 OI Korhonen, Heidi/0000-0003-0529-1161; D'Ago, Giuseppe/0000-0001-9697-7331 FU Creative Research Initiative Program of National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; National Science Centre, Poland [MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121]; JPL grant [1500811]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; NASA FX Work by C. Han was supported by the Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of National Research Foundation of Korea. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to A.U. The OGLE Team thanks Profs. M.. Kubiak and G.. Pietrzynski, former members of the OGLE team, for their contribution to the collection of the OGLE photometric data over the past years. Work by A.G. was supported by JPL grant 1500811. Work by J.C.Y. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Work by C.B.H. and Y.S. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by Universities Space Research Association through a contract with NASA. The Spitzer Team thanks Christopher S. Kochanek for graciously trading us his allocated observing time on the CTIO 1.3m during the Spitzer campaign. We acknowledge the high-speed internet service (KREONET) provided by Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI). NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 828 IS 1 AR 53 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/828/1/53 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EA8OE UT WOS:000386894900053 ER PT J AU Watson, DM Calvet, NP Fischer, WJ Forrest, WJ Manoj, P Megeath, ST Melnick, GJ Najita, J Neufeld, DA Sheehan, PD Stutz, AM Tobin, JJ AF Watson, Dan M. Calvet, Nuria P. Fischer, William J. Forrest, W. J. Manoj, P. Megeath, S. Thomas Melnick, Gary J. Najita, Joan Neufeld, David A. Sheehan, Patrick D. Stutz, Amelia M. Tobin, John J. TI EVOLUTION OF MASS OUTFLOW IN PROTOSTARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Herbig-Haro objects; ISM: jets and outflows; shock waves; stars: jets; stars: pre-main sequence stars: protostars ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; T-TAURI STARS; MAGNETOCENTRIFUGALLY DRIVEN FLOWS; PROTOSTELLAR ACCRETION DISCS; FAST INTERSTELLAR SHOCKS; O I LINE; 63 MU-M; C-II AB We have surveyed 84 Class 0, Class I, and flat-spectrum protostars in mid-infrared [Si II], [Fe II], and [S I] line emission, and 11 of these in far-infrared [O I] emission. We use the results to derive their mass. outflow rates, (M) over dot(w). Thereby we observe a strong correlation of (M) over dot(w) with bolometric luminosity, and with the inferred mass accretion rates of the central objects, (M) over dot(a), which continues through the Class 0 range the trend observed in Class II young stellar objects. Along this trend from large to small mass. flow rates, the different classes of young stellar objects lie in the sequence Class 0-Class I/flat-spectrum-Class II, indicating that the trend is an evolutionary sequence in which (M) over dot(a) and (M) over dot(w) decrease together with increasing age, while maintaining rough proportionality. The survey results include two that. are key tests of magnetocentrifugal outflow-acceleration mechanisms: the distribution of the outflow/accretion branching ratio b = (M) over dot(w)/(M) over dot(a), and limits on the distribution of outflow speeds. Neither rules out any of the three leading outflow-acceleration, angular-momentum-ejection mechanisms, but they provide some evidence that disk winds and accretion-powered stellar winds (APSWs) operate in many protostars. An upper edge observed in the branching-ratio distribution is consistent with the upper bound of b = 0.6 found in models of APSWs, and a large fraction (31%) of the sample have a. branching ratio sufficiently small that only disk winds, launched on scales as large as several au, have been demonstrated to account for them. C1 [Watson, Dan M.; Forrest, W. J.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Calvet, Nuria P.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 825 Dennison Bldg,500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fischer, William J.; Megeath, S. Thomas] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Fischer, William J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Manoj, P.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Homi Bhabha Rd, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Melnick, Gary J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Najita, Joan] Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Neufeld, David A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Sheehan, Patrick D.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Stutz, Amelia M.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Koenigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Tobin, John J.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Watson, DM (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM dmw@pas.rochester.edu FU NASA [NNX14AF79G] FX We are grateful to Ingrid Koch for her help with the IRS data reduction. This work was supported in part by NASA grant NNX14AF79G. NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 828 IS 1 AR 52 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/828/1/52 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EA8OE UT WOS:000386894900052 ER PT J AU Ortega-Jimenez, VM Arriaga-Ramirez, S Dudley, R AF Ortega-Jimenez, Victor Manuel Arriaga-Ramirez, Sarahi Dudley, Robert TI Meniscus ascent by thrips (Thysanoptera) SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE locomotion; water surface; terrestrial insects; viscosity ID WATER; INSECTS; WALKING AB Meniscus climbing using a fixed body posture has been well documented for various aquatic and neustonic insects, but not known from small flying insects that inadvertently become trapped on water surfaces. Here, we show that thrips (order Thysanoptera) can ascend a meniscus by arching their non-wetting bodies to translate head-first and upward along a water surface; if initially oriented backwards, they can turn by 180 to ascend head-first, and climb upward on a surrounding boundary. Using variable concentration sucrose solutions, we show that translational and climbing speeds during meniscus ascent vary inversely with fluid viscosity. Becoming trapped in water is a frequent event for flying insects, and given that most of them are very small, dedicated behaviours to escape water may be commonplace among pterygotes. C1 [Ortega-Jimenez, Victor Manuel; Dudley, Robert] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arriaga-Ramirez, Sarahi] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dudley, Robert] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Ortega-Jimenez, VM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ornithopterus@gmail.com OI Ortega-Jimenez, Victor Manuel/0000-0003-0024-5086 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 12 IS 9 AR 20160279 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0279 PG 4 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA EA5GF UT WOS:000386646700008 ER PT J AU Link, A AF Link, Adrianna TI DOCUMENTING HUMAN NATURE: E. RICHARD SORENSON AND THE NATIONAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL FILM CENTER, 1965-1980 SO JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID COLD-WAR; SCIENCE; CINEMA; KURU AB This article analyzes the development of the National Anthropological Film Center as an outgrowth of the Smithsonian's efforts to promote a multidisciplinary program in "urgent anthropology" during the 1960s and 1970s. It considers how film came to be seen as an ideal tool for the documentation and preservation of a wide range of human data applicable to both the behavioral and life sciences. In doing so, it argues that the intellectual and institutional climate facilitated by the Smithsonian's museum structure during this period contributed to the Center's initial establishment as well its eventual decline. Additionally, this piece speaks to the continued relevance of ethnographic film archives for future scientific investigations within and beyond the human sciences. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Link, Adrianna] Amherst Coll, Ctr Humanist Inquiry, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Link, Adrianna] Smithsonian Inst, Hist Urgent Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Link, A (reprint author), Amherst Coll, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. EM alink@amherst.edu FU Smithsonian Institution FX First and foremost, thanks must be given to Pamela Wintle, Daisy Njoku, Karma Foley, and the staff at the Human Studies Film Archives for making this project possible and for exposing me to your collections. An early version of this paper benefited from the insights of students and faculty in the Program in the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine at Johns Hopkins. A special thank you to Sharon Kingsland, Ian Nicholson, and the anonymous reviewers at JHBS for your suggestions during various stages of this article's development. The Smithsonian Institution generously supported archival work with a 10-week graduate student research fellowship. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5061 EI 1520-6696 J9 J HIST BEHAV SCI JI J. Hist. Behav. Sci. PD FAL PY 2016 VL 52 IS 4 BP 371 EP 391 DI 10.1002/jhbs.21813 PG 21 WC History Of Social Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DZ8PF UT WOS:000386132400003 PM 27574740 ER PT J AU Bauer, KL Goertz, CEC Belovarac, JA Walton, RW Dunn, JL Tuomi, P AF Bauer, Kendra L. Goertz, Caroline E. C. Belovarac, Jane A. Walton, Robert W. Dunn, J. Lawrence Tuomi, Pamela TI INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND TOXICOLOGICAL MONITORING OF STRANDED PACIFIC HARBOR SEALS (PHOCA VITULINA RICHARDSI) IN COOK INLET AS SURROGATES FOR MONITORING ENDANGERED BELUGAS (DELPHINAPTERUS LEUCAS) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Belugas; Delphinapterus leucas; harbor seals; infectious disease; Phoca vitulina; toxicology ID BAY NATIONAL-PARK; DISTEMPER VIRUS; MARINE MAMMALS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; CALIFORNIA COAST; ALASKA; INFLUENZA; LEPTOSPIROSIS; POPULATION; ANTIBODY AB Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) and belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) eat many of the same prey species, occupy the same geographic area, and demonstrate site fidelity in Cook Inlet, Alaska. Although most direct research involving the critically endangered belugas is currently prohibited, studying harbor seals may provide important information about this beluga population. In recent years, harbor seal populations in Alaska have declined for unknown reasons. As part of its stranding program, the Alaska SeaLife Center (ASLC) managed 59 cases of live and dead stranded harbor seals from Cook Inlet between 1997 and 2011. Animals were screened for a variety of diseases and contaminants of concern. Animals were negative by serology to the following diseases: avian influenza, canine distemper virus, dolphin morbillivirus, porpoise morbillivirus, Leptospira canicola, L. grippotyphosa, L. pomona, Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis neurona, and Toxoplasma gondii. Positive titers were found against Brucella spp., phocine distemper virus, seal herpesvirus-1, L. bratislava, L. hardjo, and L. icterohemorrhagiae. All titers were stable or declining except in one animal with an increasing titer for seal herpesvirus-1. Fecal pathogen screenings identified normal flora as well as stable or declining low levels of potentially pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, though most were of little concern for seal health. In most animals, toxicology screening showed that the majority of tested contaminants were below detectable limits. The level of evidence of exposure to pathogens of concern was low in harbor seals. Although the infectious disease burden and contaminant levels in belugas in Cook Inlet cannot be definitively determined without direct testing, pathogen and contaminant exposure is expected to be similar to that found in harbor seals in this region, as the harbor seals and belugas share the habitat and food resources. C1 [Goertz, Caroline E. C.; Belovarac, Jane A.; Walton, Robert W.; Tuomi, Pamela] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, 301 Railway Ave, Seward, AK 99664 USA. [Bauer, Kendra L.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Sch Vet Med, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Bauer, Kendra L.] Myst Aquarium, 55 Coogan Blvd, Mystic, CT 06355 USA. [Bauer, Kendra L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Smithsonian Inst Natl Zool Pk, Wildlife Hlth Sci, 3001 Connecticut Ave, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Bauer, KL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Sch Vet Med, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA.; Bauer, KL (reprint author), Myst Aquarium, 55 Coogan Blvd, Mystic, CT 06355 USA.; Bauer, KL (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Smithsonian Inst Natl Zool Pk, Wildlife Hlth Sci, 3001 Connecticut Ave, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM bauer.kendra@gmail.com FU [NA03NMF4390036]; [NA03NMF4390357]; [NA04NMF4390135]; [NA07NMF4390218]; [NA07NMF4390307]; [NA08NMF4390527]; [NA08NMF4390566]; [NA09NMF4390217] FX This effort is authorized under the ASLC-NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Stranding Agreement. Funding was provided by NA03NMF4390036, NA03NMF4390357, NA04NMF4390135, NA07NMF4390218, NA07NMF4390307, NA08NMF4390527, NA08NMF4390566, and NA09NMF4390217. The authors thank the stranding volunteers in Homer who helped with initial assessments and retrieval of animals from Cook Inlet. Additionally, the authors thank past and present husbandry, rehabilitation, and veterinary staff and volunteers at the ASLC who supported the seals during rehabilitation and assisted with obtaining samples from both live and dead animals. In particular, the authors thank Brett Long, Tim Lebling, Elizabeth Moundalexis, Lynda Leppert, Millie Grey, and Carol Stephens. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 47 IS 3 BP 770 EP 780 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DZ1YW UT WOS:000385639100009 PM 27691941 ER PT J AU Greene, CS AF Greene, Candace S. TI Material Connections: "The Smithsonian Effect" in Anthropological Cataloguing SO MUSEUM ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE museums; history of anthropology; information management AB Museum curators led development of the discipline of anthropology in the late nineteenth century, and at the same time developed foundational systems for cataloguing cultural materials. Although entering and accessing catalogue information now relies on keyboards rather than inkwells, the earliest systems continue to influence our understanding of objects. Among the most influential of the early systems was that of the Smithsonian's United States National Museum (USNM), with its first anthropological catalogue entry dating to 1859. Analysis of the material culture of the ubiquitous catalogue books of American museums both before and after the establishment of the USNM system reveals its wide and lasting impact. This system normalized certain fields as essential and disciplined data accordingly, resisting alternate ideas about information offered by donors and by later developments in anthropology. While many museums have now moved through successive generations of information management systems, the effect of early data choices has seldom been examined. C1 [Greene, Candace S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Greene, CS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0892-8339 EI 1548-1379 J9 MUS ANTHROPOL JI Mus. Anthropol. PD FAL PY 2016 VL 39 IS 2 BP 147 EP 162 DI 10.1111/muan.12121 PG 16 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA DW5SO UT WOS:000383707400005 ER PT J AU Araya, JF Araya, M Cairns, SD AF Francisco Araya, Juan Araya, Marta Cairns, Stephen D. TI First record of the azooxanthellate coral genus Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848 in the southeastern Pacific Ocean (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) SO SPIXIANA LA English DT Article ID FJORD REGION; CNIDARIA AB New records of the azooxanthellate coral genus Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime, 1848 are presented based on the record of two colonies of the species Coenocyathus bowersi Vaughan, 1906, collected from shallow water off northern Chile, Atacama Region, near the port of Caldera (27 degrees S) by commercial fishermen. This new record extends the southern distribution record of this species by about 2400 km; this species is the first shallow water coral found in northern Chile. C1 [Francisco Araya, Juan] Univ Atacama, Dept Geol, Copayapu 485, Copiapo, Chile. [Francisco Araya, Juan] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanograf, Dept Zool, Programa Doctorado Sistemat & Biodiversidad, Concepcion, Chile. [Araya, Marta] Los Gladiolos 520, Caldera, Chile. [Cairns, Stephen D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Araya, JF (reprint author), Univ Atacama, Dept Geol, Copayapu 485, Copiapo, Chile.; Araya, JF (reprint author), Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanograf, Dept Zool, Programa Doctorado Sistemat & Biodiversidad, Concepcion, Chile. EM jfaraya@u.uchile.cl NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VERLAG DR FRIEDRICH PFEIL PI MUNICH PA WOLFRATSHAUSER STRASSE 27, MUNICH, D-81379, GERMANY SN 0341-8391 J9 SPIXIANA JI Spixiana PD SEP PY 2016 VL 39 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 PG 5 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA DZ5OI UT WOS:000385911000006 ER PT J AU Rosler, H Kaiser, H AF Roesler, Herbert Kaiser, Hinrich TI Male secondary sexual characteristics of the gecko Cyrtodactylus celatus Kathriner et al., 2014 from Timor Island (Squamata, Gekkonidae) SO SPIXIANA LA English DT Article ID 1ST REPORT; LESTE; HERPETOFAUNA AB We report the male secondary sexual characteristics of Cyrtodactylus celatus Kathriner et al., 2014 from a specimen in the Zoologische Staatssammlung Munchen, Germany, that was heretofore unassigned to species. This second known individual of the species was collected 13 years earlier than the holotype of C. celatus, and thus ranks as the oldest report of the genus Cyrtodactylus for Timor Island. Key secondary sexual characteristics include the presence of a small precloacal groove with four (2R/2L) pore-bearing scales, and the absence of femoral pores. C1 [Roesler, Herbert] Senckenberg Nat Hist Sammlungen Dresden, Museum Tierkunde, Konigsbrucker Landstr 159, D-01109 Dresden, Germany. [Kaiser, Hinrich] Victor Valley Coll, Dept Biol, 18422 Bear Valley Rd, Victorville, CA 92395 USA. [Kaiser, Hinrich] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Rosler, H (reprint author), Senckenberg Nat Hist Sammlungen Dresden, Museum Tierkunde, Konigsbrucker Landstr 159, D-01109 Dresden, Germany. EM herbertroesler@aol.com; hinrich.kaiser@vvc.edu NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU VERLAG DR FRIEDRICH PFEIL PI MUNICH PA WOLFRATSHAUSER STRASSE 27, MUNICH, D-81379, GERMANY SN 0341-8391 J9 SPIXIANA JI Spixiana PD SEP PY 2016 VL 39 IS 1 BP 125 EP 129 PG 5 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA DZ5OI UT WOS:000385911000019 ER PT J AU Sangil, C Guzman, HM AF Sangil, Carlos Guzman, Hector M. TI Assessing the herbivore role of the sea-urchin Echinometra viridis: Keys to determine the structure of communities in disturbed coral reefs SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Macroalgae; Diadema antillarum; Grazing; Coral reef resilience; Panama reefs; Lobophora variegata; Halimeda opuntia ID BOCAS DEL TORO; REGION-WIDE DECLINES; DIADEMA-ANTILLARUM; MASS MORTALITY; PHASE-SHIFTS; GRAZING INTENSITY; SPATIAL VARIATION; MACROALGAL COVER; PANAMA; POPULATIONS AB Echinometra viridis previously was considered a cryptic species unable to control the development and growth of macroalgae on coral reefs. Its role as a herbivore was seen as minor compared to other grazers present on the reef. However, the present disturbed state of some reefs has highlighted the role played by this sea-urchin. Combining field data with experiments on the Caribbean coast of Panama, we demonstrate that the current community organization on disturbed coral reefs in the Mesoamerican Caribbean is largely due to the action of E. viridis. It is the most abundant sea-urchin species, together with two others (Diadema antillarum and Echinometra lucunter). Field data also indicate that the relationship between its density and the abundance of macroalgae is stronger and it is more negative in impact than those of the other two. However, the niche this urchin exploits most efficiently is confined to leeward reefs with low levels of sedimentation. Outside these habitats, their populations are not decisive in controlling macroalgal growth. Grazing experiments showed that E. viridis consumes more fresh macroalgae per day and per weight of sea-urchin, and is a more effective grazer than D. antillarum or E. lucunter. E. viridis showed food preferences for early-successional turf macroalgae (Acanthophora spicifera), avoiding the less palatable late-successional and fleshy macroalgae (Lobophora variegata, Halimeda opuntia). However, it becomes a generalist herbivore feeding on all varieties of macroalgae when resources are scarce. H. opuntia is the macroalga that most resists E. viridis activity, which may explain its wide distribution. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sangil, Carlos] Univ La Laguna, Dept Bot Ecol & Plant Physiol, Canary Isl, Spain. [Sangil, Carlos] Univ La Laguna, Dept Anim Biol Soil Sci & Geol, Canary Isl, Spain. [Guzman, Hector M.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Sangil, C (reprint author), Univ La Laguna, Dept Bot Ecol & Plant Physiol, San Cristobal la Laguna 38071, Spain. EM casangil@ull.es FU Dr. Manuel Morales Foundation; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Special thanks to the staff of Bocas del Toro Smithsonian Tropical Research Field Station for support us in the field and laboratory work, and Carlos Guevara and Marta Rodriguez for field work support, comments and initial review of this manuscript. We thank the government of Panama for providing the necessary permits to carry out our research. This research was partially sponsored by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Dr. Manuel Morales Foundation (to C. Sangil) and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 22 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-1136 EI 1879-0291 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 120 BP 202 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.08.008 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA DY1KC UT WOS:000384852900021 PM 27591516 ER PT J AU Michaletz, ST Weiser, MD McDowell, NG Zhou, JZ Kaspari, M Helliker, BR Enquist, BJ AF Michaletz, Sean T. Weiser, Michael D. McDowell, Nate G. Zhou, Jizhong Kaspari, Michael Helliker, Brent R. Enquist, Brian J. TI The energetic and carbon economic origins of leaf thermoregulation SO NATURE PLANTS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-ISOTOPE RATIOS; GLOBAL LAND AREAS; LIMITED HOMEOTHERMY; ECOSYSTEM-SCALES; TEMPERATURE; PLANTS; CONVERGENCE; CLIMATE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; FORESTS AB Leaf thermoregulation has been documented in a handful of studies, but the generality and origins of this pattern are unclear. We suggest that leaf thermoregulation is widespread in both space and time, and originates from the optimization of leaf traits to maximize leaf carbon gain across and within variable environments. Here we use global data for leaf temperatures, traits and photosynthesis to evaluate predictions from a novel theory of thermoregulation that synthesizes energy budget and carbon economics theories. Our results reveal that variation in leaf temperatures and physiological performance are tightly linked to leaf traits and carbon economics. The theory, parameterized with global averaged leaf traits and microclimate, predicts a moderate level of leaf thermoregulation across a broad air temperature gradient. These predictions are supported by independent data for diverse taxa spanning a global air temperature range of similar to 60 degrees C. Moreover, our theory predicts that net carbon assimilation can be maximized by means of a trade-off between leaf thermal stability and photosynthetic stability. This prediction is supported by globally distributed data for leaf thermal and photosynthetic traits. Our results demonstrate that the temperatures of plant tissues, and not just air, are vital to developing more accurate Earth system models. C1 [Michaletz, Sean T.; McDowell, Nate G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Michaletz, Sean T.; Enquist, Brian J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Weiser, Michael D.; Kaspari, Michael] Univ Oklahoma, EEB Grad Program, Dept Biol, Norman, OK 73069 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Control, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Jizhong] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. [Kaspari, Michael] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Helliker, Brent R.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] Santa Fe Inst, 1399 Hyde Pk Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] iPlant Collaborat, Thomas W Keating Biores Bldg,1657 East Helen St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] Aspen Ctr Environm Studies, 100 Puppy Smith St, Aspen, CO 81611 USA. RP Michaletz, ST (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.; Michaletz, ST (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM michaletz@lanl.gov OI Weiser, Michael/0000-0001-9080-0834 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; NSF MacroSystems award [1065861, 1241873]; NSF award [IOS-0950998]; SUMO; NGEE-Tropics support from Department of Energy, Office of Science; Aspen Center for Environmental Studies FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr David M. Gates, who began studying the thermoregulation and energy budgets of leaves more than a half century ago. The authors thank B. Blonder for providing thoughtful comments on an earlier version of the paper, L. Stockton for helping collect leaf trait and gas exchange data, H. Adams, A. Collins, T. Dickman, C. Grossiord, A. Henderson, J. Reithel and S. Sevanto for providing meteorological and phenological data, and J. Finch and J. Draper for supplying the Brachypodium distachyon image used in Fig. 1. S.T.M. was supported by a Director's Fellowship from the Los Alamos National Laboratory. S.T.M., M.D.W., J.Z., M.K. and B.J.E. were supported by NSF MacroSystems award 1065861. B.R.H. was supported under NSF award IOS-0950998 and NSF MacroSystems award 1241873. N.G.M. was supported by SUMO and NGEE-Tropics support from the Department of Energy, Office of Science. B.J.E. was supported by a fellowship from the Aspen Center for Environmental Studies. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2055-026X EI 2055-0278 J9 NAT PLANTS JI Nat. Plants PD SEP PY 2016 VL 2 IS 9 AR 16129 DI 10.1038/NPLANTS.2016.129 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DY3RL UT WOS:000385011300005 PM 27548589 ER PT J AU Guevara, EE Veilleux, CC Saltonstall, K Caccone, A Mundy, NI Bradley, BJ AF Guevara, Elaine E. Veilleux, Carrie C. Saltonstall, Kristin Caccone, Adalgisa Mundy, Nicholas I. Bradley, Brenda J. TI Potential arms race in the coevolution of primates and angiosperms: brazzein sweet proteins and gorilla taste receptors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Africa; apes; biochemical mimicry; Pentadiplandra; seed dispersal; sensory ecology; TAS1R3 ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; POSITIVE SELECTION; EVOLUTION; RESPONSES; CONSEQUENCES; LIKELIHOOD; FRUGIVORES; ORIGINS; SITES AB ObjectivesWe explored whether variation in the sweet taste receptor protein T1R3 in primates could contribute to differences in sweet taste repertoire among species, potentially reflecting coevolution with local plants. Specifically, we examined which primates are likely to be sweet tasters of brazzein, a protein found in the fruit of the African plant Pentadiplandra brazzeana that tastes intensely sweet to humans, but provides little energy. Sweet proteins like brazzein are thought to mimic the taste of sugars to entice seed dispersers. We examined the evolution of T1R3 and assessed whether primates are likely deceived by such biochemical mimicry. MethodsUsing published and new sequence data for TAS1R3, we characterized 57 primates and other mammals at the two amino acid sites necessary to taste brazzein to determine which species are tasters. We further used dN/dS-based methods to look for statistical evidence of accelerated evolution in this protein across primate lineages. ResultsThe taster genotype is shared across most catarrhines, suggesting that most African primates can be tricked into eating and dispersing P. brazzeana's seeds for little caloric gain. Western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), however, exhibit derived mutations at the two brazzein-critical positions, and although fruit is a substantial portion of the western gorilla diet, they have not been observed to eat P. brazzeana. Our analyses of protein evolution found no signature of positive selection on TAS1R3 along the gorilla lineage. DiscussionWe propose that the gorilla-specific mutations at the TAS1R3 locus encoding T1R3 could be a counter-adaptation to the false sweet signal of brazzein. C1 [Guevara, Elaine E.; Bradley, Brenda J.] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Human Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Guevara, Elaine E.] Yale Univ, Dept Anthropol, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Veilleux, Carrie C.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Anthropol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Saltonstall, Kristin] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Caccone, Adalgisa] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Mundy, Nicholas I.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. RP Bradley, BJ (reprint author), GWU Sci & Engn Hall,Suite 6000 CASHP,800 22nd St, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM bradleyjbrenda@gwu.edu OI Guevara, Elaine/0000-0003-1480-474X FU Yale University; George Washington University; Wildlife Conservation Society FX We are grateful to the Associate Editor and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. We thank Carol Mariani and Gary Aronsen for laboratory support, and Rob O'Malley for helpful discussion. We also thank the YIBS Molecular Systematics and Conservation Genetic Center and the Yale DNA Analysis Facility on Science Hill. We report no conflict of interest. All research conformed to institutional and national guidelines, and complied with the American Association of Physical Anthropologists Code of Ethics. This project was supported by Yale University, George Washington University, and The Wildlife Conservation Society. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-9483 EI 1096-8644 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 161 IS 1 BP 181 EP 185 DI 10.1002/ajpa.23046 PG 5 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA DW3NX UT WOS:000383549400017 PM 27393125 ER PT J AU Seberg, O Droege, G Barker, K Coddington, JA Funk, V Gostel, M Petersen, G Smith, PP AF Seberg, O. Droege, G. Barker, K. Coddington, J. A. Funk, V. Gostel, M. Petersen, G. Smith, P. P. TI Global Genome Biodiversity Network: saving a blueprint of the Tree of Life - a botanical perspective SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Arboretum; biodiversity repository; biodiversity genomics; biobanks; botanic gardens; DNA banking; genome-quality samples; Global Genome Initiative ID TISSUE AB Background Genomic research depends upon access to DNA or tissue collected and preserved according to high-quality standards. At present, the collections in most natural history museums do not sufficiently address these standards, making them often hard or impossible to use for whole-genome sequencing or transcriptomics. In response to these challenges, natural history museums, herbaria, botanical gardens and other stakeholders have started to build high-quality biodiversity biobanks. Unfortunately, information about these collections remains fragmented, scattered and largely inaccessible. Without a central registry or even an overview of relevant institutions, it is difficult and time-consuming to locate the needed samples. Scope The Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) was created to fill this vacuum by establishing a one-stop access point for locating samples meeting quality standards for genome-scale applications, while complying with national and international legislations and conventions. Increased accessibility to genomic samples will further genomic research and development, conserve genetic resources, help train the next generation of genome researchers and raise the visibility of biodiversity collections. Additionally, the availability of a data-sharing platform will facilitate identification of gaps in the collections, thereby empowering targeted sampling efforts, increasing the breadth and depth of preservation of genetic diversity. The GGBN is rapidly growing and currently has 41 members. The GGBN covers all branches of the Tree of Life, except humans, but here the focus is on a pilot project with emphasis on 'harvesting' the Tree of Life for vascular plant taxa to enable genome-level studies. Conclusion While current efforts are centred on getting the existing samples of all GGBN members online, a pilot project, GGI-Gardens, has been launched as proof of concept. Over the next 6 years GGI-Gardens aims to add to the GGBN high-quality genetic material from at least one species from each of the approx. 460 vascular plant families and one species from half of the approx. 15 000 vascular plant genera. C1 [Seberg, O.; Petersen, G.] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Sci, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Solvgade 83, DK-1307 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Droege, G.] Free Univ Berlin, Bot Garden & Bot Museum Berlin Dahlem, Konigin Luise Str 6-8, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Barker, K.; Coddington, J. A.; Funk, V.; Gostel, M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Smith, P. P.] Bot Gardens Conservat Int, 199 Kew Rd, Richmond TW9 3BW, Surrey, England. RP Seberg, O (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Fac Sci, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Solvgade 83, DK-1307 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM oles@snm.ku.dk RI Petersen, Gitte/H-1903-2011 OI Petersen, Gitte/0000-0002-2325-0059 FU European Commission; German Research Foundation (DFG) within SYNTHESYS III [312253]; German Research Foundation (DFG) within DFG-GGBN [GU 1109/5-1]; German Research Foundation (DFG) within BiNHum [BE 2283/8-1]; Global Genome Initiative; Department of Botany FX The authors thank the European Commission as well as the German Research Foundation (DFG) for funding this work within SYNTHESYS III (312253), DFG-GGBN (GU 1109/5-1) and BiNHum (BE 2283/8-1). This project was also supported with internal Smithsonian funding from the Global Genome Initiative and the Department of Botany. We also thank Jorg Holetschek, David Fichtmuller and Patricia Kelbert (BGBM) for their help in implementing the GGBN Data Standard within BioCASe, the Berlin Harvesting and Indexing Toolkit (B-HIT) and the GGBN Data Portal, as well as Markus Doring and Tim Robertson (Global Biodiversity Information Facility, GBIF) for their technical support with the IPT (Integrated Publishing Toolkit). Work towards this effort has been a community effort and could not have occurred without the support from GGBN collaborator institutions and organizations. We also thank Smithsonian staff member Carol Kelloff, graduate student Aleks Radosavljevic and interns Kristen van Neste and Sara Gabler for their assistance with the initial collecting phase of this project. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 EI 1095-8290 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 393 EP 399 DI 10.1093/aob/mcw121 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW4DA UT WOS:000383591200002 PM 27328683 ER PT J AU Sohn, JC AF Sohn, J. -C. TI Review of Araeolepia Walsingham, 1881 (Lepidoptera: Carposinoidea: Copromorphidae) With Descriptions of Three New Species and Comments of Its Phylogenetic Position SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Review DE Apoditrysia; Araeolepia; Copromorphidae; Nearctic Region; new species ID PLUTELLIDAE AB The previously monotypic genus Araeolepia is reviewed. As defined herein the genus includes four species: three from USA, A. subfasciella Walsingham, A. leuschneri n. sp., and A. ustulana n. sp.; and one from USA and Mexico, A. triangula n. sp. The systematic position of Araeolepia is revised based on comparisons of morphological characters with other lepidopterans. The thoracic and abdominal articulation and the presence of the cubital pecten on the hindwings indicate that Araeolepia are associated with the apoditrysian superfamily Carposinoidea rather than Plutellidae in Yponomeutoidea as previously proposed. Similarities of the male and female genitalia among Araeolepia, Ellabella, and Lotisma suggest that they may belong to the same family, Copromorphidae. Photographs of adult habitus and genitalia, when available, are provided for all described species of Araeolepia. C1 [Sohn, J. -C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, J. -C.] Mokpo Natl Univ, Dept Environm Educ, Muan 534729, Jeonnam, South Korea. RP Sohn, JC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Sohn, JC (reprint author), Mokpo Natl Univ, Dept Environm Educ, Muan 534729, Jeonnam, South Korea. EM jay.c.sohn@gmail.com FU Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship; Smithsonian Institution; Korea Research Fellowship program - Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning through National Research Foundation of Korea [2015035581] FX I thank two anonymous reviewers for their help in improving my manuscript and Donald Davis (retired, United States National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC), Peter Oboyski (Essig Museum, University of California, Berkeley), Naomi Pierce (Museum of Comparative Museum, Harvard University, Massachusetts), Jerry Powell (Director Emeritus, Essig Museum, University of California, Berkeley), and Kevin Tuck (retired, Natural History Museum, London) for helping my examination of the specimens under their responsibility. This work was supported from the Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship (2013-15), Smithsonian Institution, and also from the Korea Research Fellowship program funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning through National Research Foundation of Korea (2015035581). NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 109 IS 5 BP 796 EP 804 DI 10.1093/aesa/saw036 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DX5QR UT WOS:000384436900015 ER PT J AU Gostel, MR Kelloff, C Wallick, K Funk, VA AF Gostel, Morgan R. Kelloff, Carol Wallick, Kyle Funk, Vicki A. TI A WORKFLOW TO PRESERVE GENOME-QUALITY TISSUE SAMPLES FROM PLANTS IN BOTANICAL GARDENS AND ARBORETA SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE arboreta; biorepository; botanic gardens; collection workflow; genomics; voucher preparation ID DNA; CONSERVATION AB Premise of the study: Internationally, gardens hold diverse living collections that can be preserved for genomic research. Workflows have been developed for genomic tissue sampling in other taxa (e.g., vertebrates), but are inadequate for plants. We outline a workflow for tissue sampling intended for two audiences: botanists interested in genomics research and garden staff who plan to voucher living collections. Methods and Results: Standard herbarium methods are used to collect vouchers, label information and images are entered into a publicly accessible database, and leaf tissue is preserved in silica and liquid nitrogen. A five-step approach for genomic tissue sampling is presented for sampling from living collections according to current best practices. Conclusions: Collecting genome-quality samples from gardens is an economical and rapid way to make available for scientific research tissue from the diversity of plants on Earth. The Global Genome Initiative will facilitate and lead this endeavor through international partnerships. C1 [Gostel, Morgan R.; Kelloff, Carol; Funk, Vicki A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wallick, Kyle] US Bot Garden, 100 Maryland Ave SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Gostel, MR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM gostelm@si.edu FU Global Genome Initiative (GGI); Department of Botany FX This project was supported with internal Smithsonian funding from the Global Genome Initiative (GGI) and the Department of Botany. We thank Jonathan Coddington and Katharine Barker from GGI; Tom Hollowell, Melinda Peters, and Sylvia Orli from the Department of Botany; and staff from the U.S. Botanic Garden and the U.S. National Arboretum for permission to collect. We also acknowledge support from Smithsonian biorepository staff (A. Devine, S. Thorton, C. Huddleston) as well as Smithsonian graduate student A. Radosavljevic and interns Kristen van Neste and Sara Gabler. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 4 IS 9 AR 1600039 DI 10.3732/apps.1600039 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DX7FY UT WOS:000384553300002 ER PT J AU Hogan, JA Zimmerman, JK Uriarte, M Turner, BL Thompson, J AF Hogan, James Aaron Zimmerman, Jess K. Uriarte, Maria Turner, Benjamin L. Thompson, Jill TI Land-use history augments environment-plant community relationship strength in a Puerto Rican wet forest SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beta-diversity maps; land-use legacies; Luquillo; plant-soil (below-ground) interactions; soil resources; spatial autocorrelation; terrain ruggedness; topography; tropical forest; variance partitioning ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; BETA DIVERSITY; RESOURCE HETEROGENEITY; SPECIES ASSEMBLAGES; SUBTROPICAL FOREST; NEIGHBOR MATRICES; ECOLOGICAL DATA; SOIL NUTRIENTS; HURRICANE AB Environmental heterogeneity influences the species composition of tropical forests, with implications for patterns of diversity and species coexistence in these hyperdiverse communities. Many studies have examined how variability in soil nutrients and topography influence plant community composition, with differing results. None have quantified the relative contribution of environmental heterogeneity versus endogenous processes to variability in forest community composition over time and with respect to successional recovery. Using five consecutive trees censuses of a forest plot in Puerto Rico, conducted between 1990 and 2011, we evaluated the influence of edaphic and topographic variability on community composition. The plot has a well-documented land-use history and is subject to periodic hurricane disturbance. Using multiple canonical distance-based redundancy analyses, we studied how spatial heterogeneity in soil nutrients and topography structure community composition over time, as the forest recovers from long-term land-use effects and two major hurricanes in 1989 and 1998. For the entire plot, spatial variables (principle coordinates of neighbourhood matrices), representing the autocorrelation of tree species in the community, explained the majority (49-57%) of the variability in tree community composition. The explanatory power of spatial variables decreased over time, as forest structure recovered from hurricane damage and the stems in the understorey died. Soil nutrients and topography, collectively, explained a moderate portion (33-37%) of the species compositional variation and were slightly more robust in explaining compositional differences in areas of more intense past land use. Areas of less-intense past land use showed weaker community-environmental trends overall, illustrating a tendency for stronger resource competition (i.e. light, water and soil nutrients) between species in these areas. This illustrates how environmental-plant community interactions are strengthened by the lasting effects of human land-use legacies, which persist for decades to centuries.Synthesis. Our findings confirm past land use to be a fundamental driver of the structure and composition of secondary forests through its impacts on the tree community, the abiotic terrestrial environment and their interaction. Since the extent of second-growth tropical forests continues to increase, our findings highlight the importance of understanding the processes that determine the rate and nature of their succession. C1 [Hogan, James Aaron; Zimmerman, Jess K.; Thompson, Jill] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00925 USA. [Uriarte, Maria] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Thompson, Jill] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Hogan, JA (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00925 USA. EM jamesaaronhogan@gmail.com RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Thompson, Jill/K-2200-2012 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Thompson, Jill/0000-0002-4370-2593 FU National Science Foundation [BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814, DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039, DEB-0516066, DEB-0620910]; NSF through The Resource Center for Science and Engineering at UPR-RP [1139888] FX This research was funded by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814, DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039, DEB-0516066 and DEB-0620910 from the National Science Foundation to the International Institute for Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional direct support was provided by the University of Puerto Rico - Rio Piedras (UPR-RP), the USDA Forest Service, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the Center for Tropical Forest Science. Financial support to JAH was provided by NSF Grant HRD#1139888 through The Resource Center for Science and Engineering at UPR-RP. We are grateful to Benjamin Branoff for his help with the generation of some topographic variables. We thank Tania Romero, Chris Nytch, James Dalling and Claire Baldeck for their contribution to soil nutrient mapping. Lastly, we acknowledge the > 100 volunteers and staff that have assisted in the five complete tree censuses of the LFDP. NR 103 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 EI 1365-2745 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 104 IS 5 BP 1466 EP 1477 DI 10.1111/1365-2745.12608 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DW3OU UT WOS:000383551800025 ER PT J AU Zamora-Gutierrez, V Lopez-Gonzalez, C MacSwiney, MC Fenton, B Jones, G Kalko, EKV Puechmaille, SJ Stathopoulos, V Jones, KE AF Zamora-Gutierrez, Veronica Lopez-Gonzalez, Celia MacSwiney, M. Cristina Fenton, Brock Jones, Gareth Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Puechmaille, Sebastien J. Stathopoulos, Vassilios Jones, Kate E. TI Acoustic identification of Mexican bats based on taxonomic and ecological constraints on call design SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE acoustic identification; guild; hierarchical classification; machine learning; Neotropical; random forest; whispering bats ID ECHOLOCATION CALLS; SIGNAL-DESIGN; CLASSIFICATION; CHIROPTERA; BIOINDICATORS; BIODIVERSITY; RECOGNITION; HOTSPOTS; HABITAT; GUILD AB Monitoring global biodiversity is critical for understanding responses to anthropogenic change, but biodiversity monitoring is often biased away from tropical, megadiverse areas that are experiencing more rapid environmental change. Acoustic surveys are increasingly used to monitor biodiversity change, especially for bats as they are important indicator species and most use sound to detect, localise and classify objects. However, using bat acoustic surveys for monitoring poses several challenges, particularly in megadiverse regions. Many species lack reference recordings, some species have high call similarity or differ in call detectability, and quantitative classification tools, such as machine learning algorithms, have rarely been applied to data from these areas. Here, we collate a reference call library for bat species that occur in a megadiverse country, Mexico. We use 4685 search-phase calls from 1378 individual sequences of 59 bat species to create automatic species identification tools generated by machine learning algorithms (Random Forest). We evaluate the improvement in species-level classification rates gained by using hierarchical classifications, reflecting either taxonomic or ecological constraints (guilds) on call design, and examine how classification rate accuracy changes at different hierarchical levels (family, genus and guild). Species-level classification of calls had a mean accuracy of 66%, and the use of hierarchies improved mean species-level classification accuracy by up to 6% (species within families 72%, species within genera 712% and species within guilds 691%). Classification accuracy to family, genus and guild-level was 917%, 778% and 825%, respectively. The bioacoustic identification tools we have developed are accurate for rapid biodiversity assessments in a megadiverse region and can also be used effectively to classify species at broader taxonomic or ecological levels. This flexibility increases their usefulness when there are incomplete species reference recordings and also offers the opportunity to characterise and track changes in bat community structure. Our results show that bat bioacoustic surveys in megadiverse countries have more potential than previously thought to monitor biodiversity changes and can be used to direct further developments of bioacoustic monitoring programs in Mexico. C1 [Zamora-Gutierrez, Veronica] Univ Cambridge, Conservat Sci Grp, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Zamora-Gutierrez, Veronica; Jones, Kate E.] UCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Lopez-Gonzalez, Celia] Inst Politecn Nacl, Unidad Durango, CIIDIR, Calle Sigma 119,Fraccionamiento 20 Noviembre 2, Durango 34220, Mexico. [MacSwiney, M. Cristina] Univ Veracruzana, Ctr Invest Trop, Xalapa 91019, Veracruz, Mexico. [Fenton, Brock] Western Univ, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. [Jones, Gareth] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, 24 Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TQ, Avon, England. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Puechmaille, Sebastien J.] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Zool, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany. [Puechmaille, Sebastien J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Stathopoulos, Vassilios] Univ Warwick, Dept Stat, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Jones, Kate E.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England. RP Zamora-Gutierrez, V (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Conservat Sci Grp, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.; Zamora-Gutierrez, V; Jones, KE (reprint author), UCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.; Jones, KE (reprint author), Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England. EM zamora.gtz@gmail.com; kate.e.jones@ucl.ac.uk RI Puechmaille, Sebastien/D-1612-2010; Jones, Kate/G-4768-2010 OI Puechmaille, Sebastien/0000-0001-9517-5775; Jones, Kate/0000-0001-5231-3293 FU CONACYT [310731]; Cambridge Commonwealth European and International Trust [301879989]; Rufford Foundation [12059-1]; American Society of Mammalogists; Bat Conservation International; Idea Wild; Whitmore Trust; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/K015664/1] FX This study was financially supported by CONACYT (No. 310731), Cambridge Commonwealth European and International Trust (No. 301879989), The Rufford Foundation (No. 12059-1), American Society of Mammalogists, Bat Conservation International, Idea Wild and The Whitmore Trust to V.Z.G and Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) Grant EP/K015664/1 to K.E.J. and V.S. We are deeply grateful to all the people that provided their help with logistical support in the field, and we also thank Juan Cruzado Cortes, Michael Barataud and David Jacobs for donated material. A collecting permit was granted by SEMARNAT, Mexico (No. 03374). NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 7 IS 9 BP 1082 EP 1091 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12556 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DX5SI UT WOS:000384441600008 ER PT J AU Calabrese, JM Fleming, CH Gurarie, E AF Calabrese, Justin M. Fleming, Chris H. Gurarie, Eliezer TI ctmm: anR package for analyzing animal relocation data as a continuous-time stochastic process SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE autocorrelated kernel density estimation; home range estimation; non-Markovian maximum likelihood; periodogram analysis; tracking data; variogram analysis ID CORRELATED RANDOM-WALK; TELEMETRY DATA; HOME RANGES; MOVEMENT; MODELS; AUTOCORRELATION; DIFFUSION; FRAMEWORK; SCALES AB Movement ecology has developed rapidly over the past decade, driven by advances in tracking technology that have largely removed data limitations. Development of rigorous analytical tools has lagged behind empirical progress, and as a result, relocation data sets have been underutilized. Discrete-time correlated random walk models (CRW) have long served as the foundation for analyzing relocation data. Unfortunately, CRWs confound the sampling and movement processes. CRW parameter estimates thus depend sensitively on the sampling schedule, which makes it difficult to draw sampling-independent inferences about the underlying movement process. Furthermore, CRWs cannot accommodate the multiscale autocorrelations that typify modern, finely sampled relocation data sets. Recent developments in modelling movement as a continuous-time stochastic process (CTSP) solve these problems, but the mathematical difficulty of using CTSPs has limited their adoption in ecology. To remove this roadblock, we introduce the ctmm package for the R statistical computing environment. ctmm implements all of the CTSPs currently in use in the ecological literature and couples them with powerful statistical methods for autocorrelated data adapted from geostatistics and signal processing, including variograms, periodograms and non-Markovian maximum likelihood estimation. ctmm is built around a standard workflow that begins with visual diagnostics, proceeds to candidate model identification, and then to maximum likelihood fitting and AIC-based model selection. Once an accurate CTSP for the data has been fitted and selected, analyses that require such a model, such as quantifying home range areas via autocorrelated kernel density estimation or estimating occurrence distributions via time-series Kriging, can then be performed. We use a case study with African buffalo to demonstrate the capabilities of ctmm and highlight the steps of a typical CTSP movement analysis workflow. C1 [Calabrese, Justin M.; Fleming, Chris H.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Calabrese, Justin M.; Fleming, Chris H.; Gurarie, Eliezer] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Calabrese, JM (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.; Calabrese, JM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM CalabreseJ@si.edu RI Calabrese, Justin/B-9131-2012 FU US NSF Advances in Biological Informatics Program [ABI-1062411, ABI-1458748]; Smithsonian Institution Postdoctoral Fellowship; NIH Ecology of Infectious Disease Program [DEB-0090323] FX This work was supported by the US NSF Advances in Biological Informatics Program (Grants ABI-1062411 to T. Mueller and ABI-1458748 to J.M. Calabrese), and CHF was supported by a Smithsonian Institution Postdoctoral Fellowship. We thank Paul Cross for providing the African buffalo data. The buffalo data collection was supported by the US NSF and NIH Ecology of Infectious Disease Program (DEB-0090323 to W.M. Getz). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 7 IS 9 BP 1124 EP 1132 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12559 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DX5SI UT WOS:000384441600013 ER PT J AU Nicastro, F Senatore, F Krongold, Y Mathur, S Elvis, M AF Nicastro, F. Senatore, F. Krongold, Y. Mathur, S. Elvis, M. TI A DISTANT ECHO OF MILKY WAY CENTRAL ACTIVITY CLOSES THE GALAXY's BARYON CENSUS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; Galaxy: disk; Galaxy: halo; Galaxy: nucleus; X-rays: ISM ID GALACTIC-CENTER; HOT GAS; FERMI BUBBLES; STELLAR DISK; ABSORPTION; HALO; PKS-2155-304; CHANDRA; NUCLEI; MATTER AB We report on the presence of large amounts of million-degree gas in the Milky Way's interstellar and circumgalactic medium. This gas (1) permeates both the Galactic plane and the halo, (2) extends to distances larger than 60-200 kpc from the center, and (3) its mass is sufficient to close the Galaxy's baryon census. Moreover, we show that a vast, similar to 6 kpc radius, spherically symmetric central region of the Milky Way above and below the 0.16 kpc thick plane has either been emptied of hot gas or the density of this gas within the cavity has a peculiar profile, increasing from the center up to a radius of similar to 6 kpc, and then decreasing with a typical halo density profile. This, and several other converging pieces of evidence, suggest that the current surface of the cavity, at 6 kpc from the Galaxy's center, traces the distant echo of a period of strong nuclear activity of our supermassive black hole, occurring about 6 Myr ago. C1 [Nicastro, F.; Senatore, F.] Osservatorio Astron Roma INAF, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy. [Nicastro, F.; Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-04, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Senatore, F.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Krongold, Y.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Mathur, S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Mathur, S.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Nicastro, F (reprint author), Osservatorio Astron Roma INAF, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy.; Nicastro, F (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-04, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Elvis, Martin/0000-0001-5060-1398 FU INAF-PRIN grant [1.05.01.98.10]; grant PAIIPIT [IN104215]; NASA [NNX16AF49G] FX F.N. thanks P. Ranalli for the extremely useful and fruitful discussion on frequentist versus Bayesian statistical approaches. F.N. and F.S. acknowledge support from the INAF-PRIN grant 1.05.01.98.10. Y.K. acknowledges support from the grant PAIIPIT IN104215. S.M. gratefully acknowledges financial support though NASA grant NNX16AF49G. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 828 IS 1 AR L12 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/828/1/L12 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW9MZ UT WOS:000383985500012 ER PT J AU van Dokkum, P Abraham, R Brodie, J Conroy, C Danieli, S Merritt, A Mowla, L Romanowsky, A Zhang, JL AF van Dokkum, Pieter Abraham, Roberto Brodie, Jean Conroy, Charlie Danieli, Shany Merritt, Allison Mowla, Lamiya Romanowsky, Aaron Zhang, Jielai TI A HIGH STELLAR VELOCITY DISPERSION AND similar to 100 GLOBULAR CLUSTERS FOR THE ULTRA-DIFFUSE GALAXY DRAGONFLY 44 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (Coma); galaxies: evolution; galaxies: structure ID DARK-MATTER HALOES; COMA CLUSTER; DWARF GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; VIRGO CLUSTER; MASS FUNCTION; BLACK-HOLES; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS; POPULATION AB Recently a population of large, very low surface brightness, spheroidal galaxies was identified in the Coma cluster. The apparent survival of these Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) in a rich cluster suggests that they have very high masses. Here we present the stellar kinematics of Dragonfly 44, one of the largest Coma UDGs, using a 33.5 hr integration with DEIMOS on the Keck II telescope. We find a velocity dispersion of sigma = 47(-6)(+8) km s(-1), which implies a dynamical mass of M-dyn (25% of their leaf area during the few weeks of expansion. We predicted that the high rates of attack would select for investment in constitutive defenses over induction. Our data show that chemical defenses were quite unresponsive to herbivory. We demonstrated that expanding leaves showed no or only small increases in investment in secondary metabolites, and no qualitative changes in the phenolic compound profile in response to herbivory. The proteinogenic amino acid tyrosine, which can be toxic at high concentrations, showed the greatest levels of induction. Synthesis: These results provide some of the first support for theoretical predictions that the evolution of induced vs. constitutive defenses depends on the risk of herbivory. In habitats with constant and high potential losses to herbivores, such as tropical rainforests, high investments in constitutive defenses are favored over induction. C1 [Bixenmann, Ryan J.; Coley, Phyllis D.; Weinhold, Alexander; Kursar, Thomas A.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, 257S 1400E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Coley, Phyllis D.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. [Weinhold, Alexander] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res IDiv, Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. RP Kursar, TA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, 257S 1400E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM kursar@biology.utah.edu FU Sigma Xi; National Science Foundation [DEB-0234936, DEB-0640630, DEB-1135733, OISE-0531803]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Sigma Xi (Grant/Award Number: 'Grants-in-Aid of Research'), National Science Foundation (Grant/Award Number: 'DEB-0234936', 'DEB-0640630', 'DEB-1135733', 'OISE-0531803'), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (Grant/Award Number: 'Short-term Fellowship'). NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 34 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 17 BP 6037 EP 6049 DI 10.1002/ece3.2208 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DW0WC UT WOS:000383362700002 PM 27648224 ER PT J AU Paterson, ID Mangan, R Downie, DA Coetzee, JA Hill, MP Burke, AM Downey, PO Henry, TJ Compton, SG AF Paterson, Iain D. Mangan, Rosie Downie, Douglas A. Coetzee, Julie A. Hill, Martin P. Burke, Ashley M. Downey, Paul O. Henry, Thomas J. Compton, Stephe G. TI Two in one: cryptic species discovered in biological control agent populations using molecular data and crossbreeding experiments SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Biological species concept; C01; DNA-barcoding; Eccritotarsus catarinensis; Eichhornia crassipes; Inter Simple Sequence; Repeats; reproductive incompatibility ID DNA BARCODING REVEALS; ECCRITOTARSUS-CATARINENSIS; WATER HYACINTH; EICHHORNIA-CRASSIPES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SOUTH-AFRICA; HYBRID INCOMPATIBILITIES; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; HOST-RANGE; SPECIATION AB There are many examples of cryptic species that have been identified through DNA-barcoding or other genetic techniques. There are, however, very few confirmations of cryptic species being reproductively isolated. This study presents one of the few cases of cryptic species that has been confirmed to be reproductively isolated and therefore true species according to the biological species concept. The cryptic species are of special interest because they were discovered within biological control agent populations. Two geographically isolated populations of Eccritotarsus catarinensis (Carvalho) [Hemiptera: Miridae], a biological control agent for the invasive aquatic macrophyte, water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms [Pontederiaceae], in South Africa, were sampled from the native range of the species in South America. Morphological characteristics indicated that both populations were the same species according to the current taxonomy, but subsequent DNA analysis and breeding experiments revealed that the two populations are reproductively isolated. Crossbreeding experiments resulted in very few hybrid offspring when individuals were forced to interbreed with individuals of the other population, and no hybrid offspring were recorded when a choice of mate from either population was offered. The data indicate that the two populations are cryptic species that are reproductively incompatible. Subtle but reliable diagnostic characteristics were then identified to distinguish between the two species which would have been considered intraspecific variation without the data from the genetics and interbreeding experiments. These findings suggest that all consignments of biological control agents from allopatric populations should be screened for cryptic species using genetic techniques and that the importation of multiple consignments of the same species for biological control should be conducted with caution. C1 [Paterson, Iain D.; Mangan, Rosie; Downie, Douglas A.; Coetzee, Julie A.; Hill, Martin P.; Burke, Ashley M.; Downey, Paul O.; Compton, Stephe G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Downey, Paul O.] Univ Canberra, Inst Appl Ecol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Henry, Thomas J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Paterson, ID (reprint author), Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. EM I.Paterson@ru.ac.za FU South African Agency for Science and Technology Advancement [84643]; Working for Water (DEA: NRM) FX South African Agency for Science and Technology Advancement (Grant/Award Number: 84643), Working for Water (DEA: NRM). NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 17 BP 6139 EP 6150 DI 10.1002/ece3.2297 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DW0WC UT WOS:000383362700009 PM 27648231 ER PT J AU Bujan, J Yanoviak, SP Kaspari, M AF Bujan, Jelena Yanoviak, Stephen P. Kaspari, Michael TI Desiccation resistance in tropical insects: causes and mechanisms underlying variability in a Panama ant community SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Body size; canopy; CTmax; thermal tolerance; VPD; water content; water loss ID CRITICAL THERMAL MAXIMUM; WATER-BALANCE; BODY-SIZE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; CUTICULAR PERMEABILITY; FOREST; TOLERANCE; MICROHABITAT; TEMPERATURE; MICROCLIMATE AB Desiccation resistance, the ability of an organism to reduce water loss, is an essential trait in arid habitats. Drought frequency in tropical regions is predicted to increase with climate change, and small ectotherms are often under a strong desiccation risk. We tested hypotheses regarding the underexplored desiccation potential of tropical insects. We measured desiccation resistance in 82 ant species from a Panama rainforest by recording the time ants can survive desiccation stress. Species' desiccation resistance ranged from 0.7 h to 97.9 h. We tested the desiccation adaptation hypothesis, which predicts higher desiccation resistance in habitats with higher vapor pressure deficit (VPD) - the drying power of the air. In a Panama rainforest, canopy microclimates averaged a VPD of 0.43 kPa, compared to a VPD of 0.05 kPa in the understory. Canopy ants averaged desiccation resistances 2.8 times higher than the understory ants. We tested a number of mechanisms to account for desiccation resistance. Smaller insects should desiccate faster given their higher surface area to volume ratio. Desiccation resistance increased with ant mass, and canopy ants averaged 16% heavier than the understory ants. A second way to increase desiccation resistance is to carry more water. Water content was on average 2.5% higher in canopy ants, but total water content was not a good predictor of ant desiccation resistance or critical thermal maximum (CTmax), a measure of an ant's thermal tolerance. In canopy ants, desiccation resistance and CTmax were inversely related, suggesting a tradeoff, while the two were positively correlated in understory ants. This is the first community level test of desiccation adaptation hypothesis in tropical insects. Tropical forests do contain desiccation-resistant species, and while we cannot predict those simply based on their body size, high levels of desiccation resistance are always associated with the tropical canopy. C1 [Bujan, Jelena; Kaspari, Michael] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Yanoviak, Stephen P.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Yanoviak, Stephen P.; Kaspari, Michael] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Bujan, J (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM jelena.bujan@ou.edu FU University of Oklahoma; National Science Foundation [EF-1065844, OEDEB-1252614] FX University of Oklahoma (Grant/Award Number: 'Graduate Student Timmons Scholarship'), National Science Foundation (Grant/Award Number: 'EF-1065844'). National Science Foundation (Grant Number: OEDEB-1252614) NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 17 BP 6282 EP 6291 DI 10.1002/ece3.2355 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DW0WC UT WOS:000383362700020 PM 27648242 ER PT J AU Murphy, SJ Xu, KY Comita, LS AF Murphy, Stephen J. Xu, Kaiyang Comita, Liza S. TI Tree seedling richness, but not neighborhood composition, influences insect herbivory in a temperate deciduous forest community SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Density dependence; diversity; herd immunity; Janzen-Connell; mixed model; resource concentration; seedling dynamics ID SPECIES RICHNESS; TROPICAL FOREST; PLANT DEFENSE; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; SIMILARITY; DEPENDENCE; SURVIVAL AB Insect herbivores can serve as important regulators of plant dynamics, but their impacts in temperate forest understories have received minimal attention at local scales. Here, we test several related hypotheses about the influence of plant neighborhood composition on insect leaf damage in southwestern Pennsylvania, USA. Using data on seedlings and adult trees sampled at 36 sites over an approximately 900 ha area, we tested for the effects of total plant density, rarefied species richness (i.e., resource concentration and dietary-mixing hypotheses), conspecific density (i.e., Janzen-Connell hypothesis), and heterospecific density (i.e., herd-immunity hypothesis), on the proportion of leaf tissue removed from 290 seedlings of 20 species. We also tested for the effects of generic-and familial-level neighborhoods. Our results showed that the proportion of leaf tissue removed ranged from zero to just under 50% across individuals, but was generally quite low (<2%). Using linear mixed models, we found a significant negative relationship between insect damage and rarefied species richness, but no relationship with neighborhood density or composition. In addition, leaf damage had no significant effect on subsequent seedling growth or survival, likely due to the low levels of damage experienced by most individuals. Our results provide some support for the resource concentration hypothesis, but suggest a limited role for insect herbivores in driving local-scale seedling dynamics in temperate forest understories. C1 [Murphy, Stephen J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, 318 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Xu, Kaiyang; Comita, Liza S.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Comita, Liza S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Murphy, SJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, 318 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM murphy.1132@osu.edu FU Phipps Conservatory; Ohio State University; Carnegie Museum of Natural History; Heinz Endowments; Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies FX This study was funded through the Phipps Conservatory, Ohio State University, and the Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Funding for the original 2008 survey was provided by the Heinz Endowments. S. J. Murphy and K. Xu were also partially supported by the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 6 IS 17 BP 6310 EP 6319 DI 10.1002/ece3.2336 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DW0WC UT WOS:000383362700023 PM 27648245 ER PT J AU Picq, S Alda, F Bermingham, E Krahe, R AF Picq, Sophie Alda, Fernando Bermingham, Eldredge Krahe, Ruediger TI Drift-driven evolution of electric signals in a Neotropical knifefish SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Animal communication; Brachyhypopomus occidentalis; electric organ discharge; genetic drift; signaling/courtship; weakly electric fish ID HYPOPOMUS-OCCIDENTALIS GYMNOTIFORMES; REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTER DISPLACEMENT; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; BRACHYHYPOPOMUS-PINNICAUDATUS; SEXUAL SELECTION; ORGAN DISCHARGE; SONG DIVERGENCE; WAVE-FORM; APTERONOTUS-LEPTORHYNCHUS; COMMUNICATION SIGNALS AB Communication signals are highly diverse traits. This diversity is usually assumed to be shaped by selective forces, whereas the null hypothesis of divergence through drift is often not considered. In Panama, the weakly electric fish Brachyhypopomus occidentalis is widely distributed in multiple independent drainage systems, which provide a natural evolutionary laboratory for the study of genetic and signal divergence in separate populations. We quantified geographic variation in the electric signals of 109 fish from five populations, and compared it to the neutral genetic variation estimated from cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequences of the same individuals, to test whether drift may be driving divergence of their signals. Signal distances were highly correlated with genetic distances, even after controlling for geographic distances, suggesting that drift alone is sufficient to explain geographic variation in electric signals. Significant differences at smaller geographic scales (within drainages) showed, however, that electric signals may evolve at a faster rate than expected under drift, raising the possibility that additional adaptive forces may be contributing to their evolution. Overall, our data point to stochastic forces as main drivers of signal evolution in this species and extend the role of drift in the evolution of communication systems to fish and electrocommunication. C1 [Picq, Sophie; Bermingham, Eldredge; Krahe, Ruediger] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Doctor Penfield Ave, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Picq, Sophie; Alda, Fernando; Bermingham, Eldredge] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Picq, Sophie] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Evolutionary Ecol Marine Fishes, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. [Alda, Fernando] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Bermingham, Eldredge] Patricia & Phillip Frost Museum Sci, 3280 South Miami Ave, Miami, FL USA. RP Picq, S (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Doctor Penfield Ave, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.; Picq, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.; Picq, S (reprint author), GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Evolutionary Ecol Marine Fishes, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. EM sophiepicq@gmail.com FU McGill-Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Neotropical Environment Program; NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada); Smithsonian Institution FX We wish to thank the people who helped in the collection of specimens, especially R. Gonzalez and R. G. Reina. We are also very grateful to R. Gonzalez for curatorial assistance and R. G. Reina for laboratory assistance. Financial and logistical support was provided by grants from the McGill-Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Neotropical Environment Program to SP, NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada) to RK, and from the Smithsonian Institution to FA and EB. NR 93 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 EI 1558-5646 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD SEP PY 2016 VL 70 IS 9 BP 2134 EP 2144 DI 10.1111/evo.13010 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DW0PE UT WOS:000383342000016 PM 27436179 ER PT J AU Hausmann, A Miller, SE Holloway, JD deWaard, JR Pollock, D Prosser, SWJ Hebert, PDN AF Hausmann, Axel Miller, Scott E. Holloway, Jeremy D. deWaard, Jeremy R. Pollock, David Prosser, Sean W. J. Hebert, Paul D. N. TI Calibrating the taxonomy of a megadiverse insect family: 3000 DNA barcodes from geometrid type specimens (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Geometridae; taxonomy; type specimens; DNA barcoding ID BIODIVERSITY; IMPEDIMENT; DISSECTION; DIVERSITY; IDENTIFY; REVISION; SCIENCE; GENUS; LIFE; VS. AB It is essential that any DNA barcode reference library be based upon correctly identified specimens. The Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) requires information such as images, geo-referencing, and details on the museum holding the voucher specimen for each barcode record to aid recognition of potential misidentifications. Nevertheless, there are misidentifications and incomplete identifications (e.g., to a genus or family) on BOLD, mainly for species from tropical regions. Unfortunately, experts are often unavailable to correct taxonomic assignments due to time constraints and the lack of specialists for many groups and regions. However, considerable progress could be made if barcode records were available for all type specimens. As a result of recent improvements in analytical protocols, it is now possible to recover barcode sequences from museum specimens that date to the start of taxonomic work in the 18th century. The present study discusses success in the recovery of DNA barcode sequences from 2805 type specimens of geometrid moths which represent 1965 species, corresponding to about 9% of the 23 000 described species in this family worldwide and including 1875 taxa represented by name-bearing types. Sequencing success was high (73% of specimens), even for specimens that were more than a century old. Several case studies are discussed to show the efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of this approach. C1 [Hausmann, Axel] Staatliche Nat Wissensch Sammlungen Bayerns Zool, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Miller, Scott E.; Pollock, David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Holloway, Jeremy D.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England. [deWaard, Jeremy R.; Prosser, Sean W. J.; Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Ctr Biodivers Genom, Guelph, ON, Canada. RP Hausmann, A (reprint author), Staatliche Nat Wissensch Sammlungen Bayerns Zool, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany. EM axel.hausmann@zsm.mwn.de RI deWaard, Jeremy/G-8112-2014; OI Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378 NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD SEP PY 2016 VL 59 IS 9 BP 671 EP 684 DI 10.1139/gen-2015-0197 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA DW6SW UT WOS:000383782500006 PM 27549513 ER PT J AU Al-Rshaidat, MMD Snider, A Rosebraugh, S Devine, AM Devine, TD Plaisance, L Knowlton, N Leray, M AF Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon M. D. Snider, Allison Rosebraugh, Sydney Devine, Amanda M. Devine, Thomas D. Plaisance, Laetitia Knowlton, Nancy Leray, Matthieu TI Deep COI sequencing of standardized benthic samples unveils overlooked diversity of Jordanian coral reefs in the northern Red Sea SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE DNA barcoding; metabarcoding; COI; Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures; Gulf of Aqaba ID MARINE BIODIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; HEALTH-STATUS; PATTERNS; BARCODE; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES; SENSITIVITY; MAGNITUDE; ECOLOGY AB High-throughput sequencing (HTS) of DNA barcodes (metabarcoding), particularly when combined with standardized sampling protocols, is one of the most promising approaches for censusing overlooked cryptic invertebrate communities. We present biodiversity estimates based on sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene for coral reefs of the Gulf of Aqaba, a semi-enclosed system in the northern Red Sea. Samples were obtained from standardized sampling devices (Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS)) deployed for 18 months. DNA barcoding of non-sessile specimens >2 mm revealed 83 OTUs in six phyla, of which only 25% matched a reference sequence in public databases. Metabarcoding of the 2 mm - 500 mu m and sessile bulk fractions revealed 1197 OTUs in 15 animal phyla, of which only 4.9% matched reference barcodes. These results highlight the scarcity of COI data for cryptobenthic organisms of the Red Sea. Compared with data obtained using similar methods, our results suggest that Gulf of Aqaba reefs are less diverse than two Pacific coral reefs but much more diverse than an Atlantic oyster reef at a similar latitude. The standardized approaches used here show promise for establishing baseline data on biodiversity, monitoring the impacts of environmental change, and quantifying patterns of diversity at regional and global scales. C1 [Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon M. D.] Univ Jordan, Dept Biol Sci, Amman 11942, Jordan. [Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon M. D.] Univ Jordan, Marine Sci Stn, Lab Mol Microbial Ecol, Aqaba 77110, Jordan. [Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon M. D.] Yarmouk Univ, Aqaba 77110, Jordan. [Snider, Allison; Rosebraugh, Sydney; Devine, Amanda M.; Devine, Thomas D.; Plaisance, Laetitia; Knowlton, Nancy; Leray, Matthieu] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Al-Rshaidat, MMD (reprint author), Univ Jordan, Dept Biol Sci, Amman 11942, Jordan.; Al-Rshaidat, MMD (reprint author), Univ Jordan, Marine Sci Stn, Lab Mol Microbial Ecol, Aqaba 77110, Jordan.; Al-Rshaidat, MMD (reprint author), Yarmouk Univ, Aqaba 77110, Jordan. EM m.rshaidat@ju.edu.jo RI Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon/C-6549-2015 OI Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon/0000-0003-3047-5608 NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD SEP PY 2016 VL 59 IS 9 BP 724 EP 737 DI 10.1139/gen-2015-0208 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA DW6SW UT WOS:000383782500009 PM 27584940 ER PT J AU Wen, J Nie, ZL Ickert-Bond, SM AF Wen, Jun Nie, Ze-Long Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M. TI Intercontinental disjunctions between eastern Asia and western North America in vascular plants highlight the biogeographic importance of the Bering land bridge from late Cretaceous to Neogene SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE Bering land bridge; biogeography; disjunction; disjuncts; eastern Asia; western North America ID CALIFORNIA FLORISTIC PROVINCE; DNA-SEQUENCE DATA; REDWOOD SEQUOIA-SEMPERVIRENS; INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACERS; NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; CHLOROPLAST DNA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; EPHEDRA GNETALES; PRUNUS ROSACEAE AB This review shows a close biogeographic connection between eastern Asia and western North America from the late Cretaceous to the late Neogene in major lineages of vascular plants (flowering plants, gymnosperms, ferns and lycophytes). Of the eastern Asian-North American disjuncts, conifers exhibit a high proportion of disjuncts between eastern Asia and western North America. Several lineages of ferns also show a recent disjunct pattern in the two areas. In flowering plants, the pattern is commonly shown in temperate elements between northeastern Asia and northwestern North America, as well as elements of the relict boreotropical and Neogene mesophytic and coniferous floras. The many cases of intercontinental biogeographic disjunctions between eastern Asia and western North America in plants supported by recent phylogenetic analyses highlight the importance of the Bering land bridge and/or the plant migrations across the Beringian region from the late Cretaceous to the late Neogene, especially during the Miocene. The Beringian region has permitted the filtering and migration of certain plant taxa since the Pliocene after the opening of the Bering Strait, as many conspecific taxa or closely related species occur on both sides of Beringia. C1 [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Nie, Ze-Long] Jishou Univ, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Utilizat, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Jishou 416000, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Nie, Ze-Long] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, UA Museum North, 907 Yukon Dr,POB 756960, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, 907 Yukon Dr,POB 756960, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu FU Harvard University; Field Museum; Smithsonian Institution; John D. and Catherine T. McArthur Foundation FX We thank the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, the Field Museum and the Smithsonian Institution for financial support during our long-term studies on eastern Asian-North American biogeographic disjunctions in plants, and Libing Zhang, Zhiduan Chen and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments. Several projects on this disjunct pattern also benefited from the grant support the John D. and Catherine T. McArthur Foundation to Jun Wen and the close and productive collaborations with Professor Hang Sun and Professor Tingshuang Yi of the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 224 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 22 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 469 EP 490 DI 10.1111/jse.12222 PG 22 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW6NR UT WOS:000383768600001 ER PT J AU Appelhans, MS Krohm, S Manafzadeh, S Wen, J AF Appelhans, Marc S. Krohm, Sabrina Manafzadeh, Sara Wen, Jun TI Phylogenetic placement of Psilopeganum, a rare monotypic genus of Rutaceae (the citrus family) endemic to China SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Chinese endemics; endangered species; phylogeny; Psilopeganum; Rutaceae ID TURANIAN FLORISTIC REGION; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; CLADISTIC-ANALYSIS; SEQUENCE DATA; RUTEAE RUTACEAE; BIOGEOGRAPHY; SAPINDALES; EVOLUTION; MELICOPE; PATTERNS AB Psilopeganum (Rutaceae) is a rare monotypic genus endemic to the vicinity of the Yangtze River valley in Chongqing, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou provinces in China. It differs from most Rutaceae taxa by its herbaceous habit and has been treated as a member of the tribe Ruteae. Our study is the first attempt to place Psilopeganum in a phylogenetic context and our results show that the genus belongs to a clade with Boenninghausenia, Ruta and Thamnosma, which are part of Ruteae. Within this group, the position of Psilopeganum remains unclear because the Boenninghausenia-Thamnosma clade, Psilopeganum and Ruta form a trichotomy in most analyses. The ITS dataset placed Psilopeganum as sister to the Mediterranean and Canarian genus Ruta, which is corroborated by morphological similarities. Our studies support that Ruteae is paraphyletic with respect to Aurantioideae and that Dictamnus does not belong to Ruteae. The Indian, Sri Lankan, and Malagasy genus Chloroxylon is sister to the Boenninghausenia-Psilopeganum-Ruta-Thamnosma clade, despite its traditional placement in the subfamily Flindersioideae. The placement of Chloroxylon is consistent with an origin of the group of Chloroxylon, Boenninghausenia, Psilopeganum, Ruta and Thamnosma in southern Asia. The rapid uplifts of the Himalayas could account for one or two vicariance events splitting the lineages of the Boenninghausenia-Psilopeganum-Ruta-Thamnosma clade, and may explain the short branch length and low support for the relationships among Psilopeganum, Ruta, and the Boenninghausenia-Thamnosma clade. C1 [Appelhans, Marc S.; Krohm, Sabrina] Univ Gottingen, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Dept Systemat Biodivers & Evolut Plants, Untere Karspuele 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. [Appelhans, Marc S.; Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Manafzadeh, Sara] Univ Zurich, Inst Systemat Bot, Zollikerstr 107, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Appelhans, MS (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Dept Systemat Biodivers & Evolut Plants, Untere Karspuele 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany.; Appelhans, MS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM marc.appelhans@biologie.uni-goettingen.de NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 54 IS 5 BP 535 EP 544 DI 10.1111/jse.12208 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW6NR UT WOS:000383768600007 ER PT J AU Bennett, KL Shija, F Linton, YM Misinzo, G Kaddumukasa, M Djouaka, R Anyaele, O Harris, A Irish, S Hlaing, T Prakash, A Lutwama, J Walton, C AF Bennett, Kelly Louise Shija, Fortunate Linton, Yvonne-Marie Misinzo, Gerald Kaddumukasa, Martha Djouaka, Rousseau Anyaele, Okorie Harris, Angela Irish, Seth Hlaing, Thaung Prakash, Anil Lutwama, Julius Walton, Catherine TI Historical environmental change in Africa drives divergence and admixture of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes: a precursor to successful worldwide colonization? SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE approximate Bayesian computation; arbovirus; domestication; forest fragmentation; invasive species; Pleistocene climatic change ID YELLOW-FEVER MOSQUITO; VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES; RIFT-VALLEY COMPLEX; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; POPULATION-GENETICS; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE AB Increasing globalization has promoted the spread of exotic species, including disease vectors. Understanding the evolutionary processes involved in such colonizations is both of intrinsic biological interest and important to predict and mitigate future disease risks. The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a major vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika, the worldwide spread of which has been facilitated by Ae. aegypti's adaption to human-modified environments. Understanding the evolutionary processes involved in this invasion requires characterization of the genetic make-up of the source population (s). The application of approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) to sequence data from four nuclear and one mitochondrial marker revealed that African populations of Ae. aegypti best fit a demographic model of lineage diversification, historical admixture and recent population structuring. As ancestral Ae. aegypti were dependent on forests, this population history is consistent with the effects of forest fragmentation and expansion driven by Pleistocene climatic change. Alternatively, or additionally, historical human movement across the continent may have facilitated their recent spread and mixing. ABC analysis and haplotype networks support earlier inferences of a single out-of-Africa colonization event, while a cline of decreasing genetic diversity indicates that Ae. aegypti moved first from Africa to the Americas and then to Asia. ABC analysis was unable to verify this colonization route, possibly because the genetic signal of admixture obscures the true colonization pathway. By increasing genetic diversity and forming novel allelic combinations, divergence and historical admixture within Africa could have provided the adaptive potential needed for the successful worldwide spread of Ae. aegypti. C1 [Bennett, Kelly Louise; Shija, Fortunate; Walton, Catherine] Univ Manchester, Computat Evolutionary Biol Grp, Fac Life Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Shija, Fortunate; Misinzo, Gerald] Sokoine Univ Agr, Dept Vet Microbiol & Parasitol, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Smithsonian Inst, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NHB 169, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Kaddumukasa, Martha; Lutwama, Julius] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Dept Arbovirol Emerging & Reemerging Infect, Entebbe, Uganda. [Djouaka, Rousseau] Int Inst Trop Agr, Agroecohlth Platform West & Cent Africa, Cotonou, Benin. [Anyaele, Okorie] Univ Ibadan, Dept Zool, Entomol Unit, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Harris, Angela] Cayman Islands Govt, Mosquito Res & Control Unit, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. [Irish, Seth] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. [Hlaing, Thaung] Minist Hlth, Med Entomol Res Div, Dept Med Res Lower Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar. [Prakash, Anil] Minist H & FW Govt India, Natl Inst Res Environm Hlth, Bhopal, India. RP Walton, C (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Computat Evolutionary Biol Grp, Fac Life Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. EM Catherine.walton@manchester.ac.uk FU Natural Environment Research Council [NE/H525170/1, NE/1528134/1, NE/J500057/1]; Royal Society; Leverhulme Trust Africa [AA110092] FX The authors are grateful to field teams at the Uganda Virus Research Institute, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Vector Control Program for the Ministry of Health in Jamaica, Manatee County Mosquito District, Public Works Division in Miami-Dade County, The Florida Keys Mosquito District, Key West, and Dengue Branch of CDC in Puerto Rico and to Miriam Richards, Luke B. Mitchell and John Morgan for assistance with collection of mosquito samples. This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/H525170/1, NE/1528134/1, NE/J500057/1) and a Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust Africa Award (AA110092). This manuscript was prepared while YML held a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. The material to be published reflects the views of the authors and should not be construed to represent those of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 147 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 25 IS 17 BP 4337 EP 4354 DI 10.1111/mec.13762 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DW0PS UT WOS:000383343800016 PM 27439067 ER PT J AU Archambault, S Archer, A Barnacka, A Behera, B Beilicke, M Benbow, W Berger, K Bird, R Bottcher, M Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Cardenzana, JV Cerruti, M Chen, X Christiansen, JL Ciupik, L Collins-Hughes, E Connolly, MP Cui, W Dickinson, HJ Dumm, J Eisch, JD Errando, M Falcone, A Federici, S Feng, Q Finley, JP Fleischhack, H Fortson, L Furniss, A Gillanders, GH Godambe, S Griffin, S Griffiths, ST Grube, J Gyuk, G Hakansson, N Hanna, D Holder, J Hughes, G Johnson, CA Kaaret, P Kar, P Kertzman, M Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krawczynski, H Kumar, S Lang, MJ Madhavan, AS Maier, G McArthur, S McCann, A Meagher, K Millis, J Moriarty, P Nelson, T Nieto, D de Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Otte, AN Park, N Perkins, JS Pohl, M Popkow, A Prokoph, H Pueschel, E Quinn, J Ragan, K Rajotte, J Reyes, LC Reynolds, PT Richards, GT Roache, E Sembroski, GH Shahinyan, K Smith, AW Staszak, D Sweeney, K Telezhinsky, I Tucci, JV Tyler, J Varlotta, A Vassiliev, VV Wakely, SP Welsing, R Wilhelm, A Williams, DA Zitzer, B AF Archambault, S. Archer, A. Barnacka, A. Behera, B. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Berger, K. Bird, R. Bottcher, M. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Cardenzana, J. V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Christiansen, J. L. Ciupik, L. Collins-Hughes, E. Connolly, M. P. Cui, W. Dickinson, H. J. Dumm, J. Eisch, J. D. Errando, M. Falcone, A. Federici, S. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Fleischhack, H. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Gillanders, G. H. Godambe, S. Griffin, S. Griffiths, S. T. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Hakansson, N. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Hughes, G. Johnson, C. A. Kaaret, P. Kar, P. Kertzman, M. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krawczynski, H. Kumar, S. Lang, M. J. Madhavan, A. S. Maier, G. McArthur, S. McCann, A. Meagher, K. Millis, J. Moriarty, P. Nelson, T. Nieto, D. de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Perkins, J. S. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Prokoph, H. Pueschel, E. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Rajotte, J. Reyes, L. C. Reynolds, P. T. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Sembroski, G. H. Shahinyan, K. Smith, A. W. Staszak, D. Sweeney, K. Telezhinsky, I. Tucci, J. V. Tyler, J. Varlotta, A. Vassiliev, V. V. Wakely, S. P. Welsing, R. Wilhelm, A. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. TI Discovery of very high energy gamma rays from 1ES 1440+122 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; gamma-rays: general ID BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; INTERGALACTIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; EINSTEIN SLEW SURVEY; TEV BLAZARS; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; BRIGHT BLAZARS; SOURCE CATALOG AB The BL Lacertae object 1ES 1440+ 122 was observed in the energy range from 85 GeV to 30 TeV by the VERITAS array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The observations, taken between 2008 May and 2010 June and totalling 53 h, resulted in the discovery of gamma-ray emission from the blazar, which has a redshift z = 0.163. 1ES 1440+ 122 is detected at a statistical significance of 5.5 standard deviations above the background with an integral flux of (2.8 +/- 0.7(stat) +/- 0.8sys) x 10(-12) cm(-2) s(-1) (1.2 per cent of the Crab Nebula's flux) above 200 GeV. The measured spectrum is described well by a power law from 0.2 to 1.3 TeV with a photon index of 3.1 +/- 0.4(stat) +/- 0.2(sys). Quasi-simultaneous multiwavelength data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (0.3-300 GeV) and the Swift X-ray Telescope (0.2-10 keV) are additionally used to model the properties of the emission region. A synchrotron self-Compton model produces a good representation of the multiwavelength data. Adding an external-Compton or a hadronic component also adequately describes the data. C1 [Archambault, S.; Griffin, S.; Hanna, D.; Ragan, K.; Rajotte, J.; Staszak, D.; Tyler, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Archer, A.; Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Barnacka, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Behera, B.; Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Fleischhack, H.; Hughes, G.; Maier, G.; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Pohl, M.; Prokoph, H.; Telezhinsky, I.; Welsing, R.; Wilhelm, A.] DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Roache, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.; Kumar, S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bird, R.; Collins-Hughes, E.; Khassen, Y.; Pueschel, E.; Quinn, J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Bottcher, M.] North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Cardenzana, J. V.; Dickinson, H. J.; Eisch, J. D.; Madhavan, A. S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Hakansson, N.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Wilhelm, A.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Golm, Germany. [Christiansen, J. L.; Reyes, L. C.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Connolly, M. P.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Moriarty, P.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway, Ireland. [Cui, W.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Sembroski, G. H.; Tucci, J. V.; Varlotta, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dumm, J.; Fortson, L.; Nelson, T.; Shahinyan, K.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Errando, M.] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Godambe, S.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Griffiths, S. T.; Kaaret, P.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Kar, P.; Kieda, D.; Smith, A. W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [McArthur, S.; Park, N.; Wakely, S. P.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [McCann, A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Millis, J.] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, 1100 East 5th St, Anderson, IN 46012 USA. [Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Dublin Rd, Dublin, Ireland. [Nieto, D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Ong, R. A.; Popkow, A.; Vassiliev, V. V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 661, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Sci, Cork, Ireland. [Sweeney, K.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clippinger Res Lab 251B, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Zitzer, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Dumm, J (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM dumm@physics.umn.edu FU US Department of Energy Office of Science; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland [SFI 10/RFP/AST2748]; STFC in the UK; South African Department of Science and Technology through the National Research Foundation under NRF SARChI Chair [64789] FX This research is supported by grants from the US Department of Energy Office of Science, the US National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI 10/RFP/AST2748), and by STFC in the UK. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. M. Bottcher acknowledges support by the South African Department of Science and Technology through the National Research Foundation under NRF SARChI Chair grant no. 64789. The VERITAS Collaboration is grateful to Trevor Weekes for his seminal contributions and leadership in the field of VHE gamma-ray astrophysics, which made this study possible. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 1 BP 202 EP 208 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1319 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DV9PE UT WOS:000383272500017 ER PT J AU Clavel, M Tomsick, JA Bodaghee, A Chiu, JL Fornasini, FM Hong, J Krivonos, R Ponti, G Rahoui, F Stern, D AF Clavel, M. Tomsick, J. A. Bodaghee, A. Chiu, J. -L. Fornasini, F. M. Hong, J. Krivonos, R. Ponti, G. Rahoui, F. Stern, D. TI IGR J18293-1213 is an eclipsing cataclysmic variable SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; stars: individual: IGR J18293-1213-white dwarfs; X-rays: stars ID X-RAY BINARIES; INTERMEDIATE POLARS; MILKY-WAY; EMISSION; MISSION; REFLECTION; TELESCOPE; EVOLUTION; STARS; SKY AB Studying the population of faint hard X-ray sources along the plane of the Galaxy is challenging because of high extinction and crowding, which make the identification of individual sources more difficult. IGR J18293-1213 is part of the population of persistent sources which have been discovered by the INTEGRAL satellite. We report on NuSTAR and Swift/XRT observations of this source, performed on 2015 September 11. We detected three eclipsing intervals in the NuSTAR light curve, allowing us to constrain the duration of these eclipses, Delta t = 30.8(-0.0)(+6.3) min, and the orbital period of the system, T = 6.92 +/- 0.01 h. Even though we only report an upper limit on the amplitude of a putative spin modulation, the orbital period and the hard thermal bremsstrahlung spectrum of IGR J18293-1213 provide strong evidence that this source is a magnetic cataclysmic variable. Our NuSTAR and Swift/XRT joint spectral analysis places strong constraints on the white dwarf mass M-wd = 0.78(-0.09)(+0.10) M-circle dot. Assuming that the mass to radius ratio of the companion star M star /R star = 1 (solar units) and using T, Delta t, and M-wd, we derived the mass of the companion star M-star = 0.82 +/- 0.01 M-circle dot, the orbital separation of the binary system a = 2.14 +/- 0.04 R-circle dot, and its orbital inclination compared to the line of sight i = (72 degrees.2(-0.0)(+2.4)) +/- 1 degrees.0. C1 [Clavel, M.; Tomsick, J. A.; Chiu, J. -L.; Fornasini, F. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bodaghee, A.] Georgia Coll, 231 W Hancock St, Milledgeville, GA 31061 USA. [Fornasini, F. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hong, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Krivonos, R.] Russian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, Profsoyuznaya 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Ponti, G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Gissenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rahoui, F.] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzchild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rahoui, F.] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Clavel, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM maica.clavel@ssl.berkeley.edu OI Clavel, Maica/0000-0003-0724-2742 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Russian Science Foundation [14-22-00271]; Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luftund Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR) [FKZ 50 OR 1408] FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NUSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). RK acknowledges support from Russian Science Foundation (grant 14-22-00271). GP acknowledges the Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luftund Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR, FKZ 50 OR 1408). NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 1 BP 304 EP 311 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1330 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DV9PE UT WOS:000383272500026 ER PT J AU Joachimi, K Gatuzz, E Garcia, JA Kallman, TR AF Joachimi, Katerine Gatuzz, Efrain Garcia, Javier A. Kallman, Timothy R. TI On the detectability of CO molecules in the interstellar medium via X-ray spectroscopy SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: spectroscopic; ISM: molecules; ISM: structure; X-rays: ISM ID K-SHELL PHOTOABSORPTION; MILKY-WAY; ABSORPTION MODEL; XMM-NEWTON; OXYGEN; BINARIES; CLOUDS; NEON; EDGE; PHOTOIONIZATION AB We present a study of the detectability of CO molecules in the Galactic interstellar medium using high-resolution X-ray spectra obtained with the XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer. We analysed 10 bright low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) to study the CO contribution in their line of sights. A total of 25 observations were fitted with the ISMabs X-ray absorption model which includes photoabsorption cross-sections for OI, OII, OIII and CO. We performed a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation analysis of the goodness of fit in order to estimate the significance of the CO detection. We determine that the statistical analysis prevents a significant detection of CO molecular X-ray absorption features, except for the lines of sight towards XTE J1718-330 and 4U 1636-53. In the case of XTE J1817-330, this is the first report of the presence of CO along its line of sight. Our results reinforce the conclusion that molecules have a minor contribution to the absorption features in the O K-edge spectral region. We estimate a CO column density lower limit to perform a significant detection with XMM-Newton of N(CO) > 6 x 10(16) cm(-2) for typical exposure times. C1 [Joachimi, Katerine; Gatuzz, Efrain] Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Escuela Fis, POB 20632, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela. [Gatuzz, Efrain] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Garcia, Javier A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kallman, Timothy R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Gatuzz, E (reprint author), Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Escuela Fis, POB 20632, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.; Gatuzz, E (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. EM efraingatuzz@gmail.com; jajgarcia@gmail.com NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 1 BP 352 EP 357 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1371 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DV9PE UT WOS:000383272500030 ER PT J AU Bell, ME Murphy, T Johnston, S Kaplan, DL Croft, S Hancock, P Callingham, JR Zic, A Dobie, D Swiggum, JK Rowlinson, A Hurley-Walker, N Offringa, AR Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Deshpande, AA Gaensler, BM Greenhill, LJ Hazelton, BJ Johnston-Hollitt, M Lonsdale, CJ McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Oberoi, D Ord, SM Prabu, T Shankar, NU Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Tingay, SJ Wayth, RB Webster, RL Williams, A Williams, CL AF Bell, M. E. Murphy, Tara Johnston, S. Kaplan, D. L. Croft, S. Hancock, P. Callingham, J. R. Zic, A. Dobie, D. Swiggum, J. K. Rowlinson, A. Hurley-Walker, N. Offringa, A. R. Bernardi, G. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Deshpande, A. A. Gaensler, B. M. Greenhill, L. J. Hazelton, B. J. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Lonsdale, C. J. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Oberoi, D. Ord, S. M. Prabu, T. Shankar, N. Udaya Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Tingay, S. J. Wayth, R. B. Webster, R. L. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. TI Time-domain and spectral properties of pulsars at 154 MHz SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE pulsars: general; radio continuum: stars ID REFRACTIVE INTERSTELLAR SCINTILLATION; MURCHISON WIDEFIELD ARRAY; LONG-TERM SCINTILLATION; FREQUENCY SKY SURVEY; FLUX-DENSITY; MILLISECOND PULSARS; RADIO-SOURCES; SOURCE CATALOG; GIANT PULSES; EMISSION AB We present 154 MHz Murchison Widefield Array imaging observations and variability information for a sample of pulsars. Over the declination range -80 degrees < delta < 10 degrees, we detect 17 known pulsars with mean flux density greater than 0.3 Jy. We explore the variability properties of this sample on time-scales of minutes to years. For three of these pulsars, PSR J0953+0755, PSR J0437-4715, and PSR J0630-2834, we observe interstellar scintillation and variability on time-scales of greater than 2 min. One further pulsar, PSR J0034-0721, showed significant variability, the physical origins of which are difficult to determine. The dynamic spectra for PSR J0953+0755 and PSR J0437-4715 showdiscrete time and frequency structure consistent with diffractive interstellar scintillation and we present the scintillation bandwidth and timescales from these observations. The remaining pulsars within our sample were statistically non-variable. We also explore the spectral properties of this sample and find spectral curvature in pulsars PSR J0835-4510, PSR J1752-2806, and PSR J0437-4715. C1 [Bell, M. E.; Johnston, S.; Callingham, J. R.; Mitchell, D. A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Bell, M. E.; Murphy, Tara; Hancock, P.; Callingham, J. R.; Gaensler, B. M.; Mitchell, D. A.; Ord, S. M.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Webster, R. L.] Univ Sydney, ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Murphy, Tara; Callingham, J. R.; Zic, A.; Dobie, D.; Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron SIfA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Kaplan, D. L.; Swiggum, J. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1900 E Kenwood Blvd, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. [Croft, S.; Morgan, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 501 Campbell Hall 3411, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Croft, S.] Eureka Sci Inc, 2452 Delmer St Suite 100, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. [Hancock, P.; Hurley-Walker, N.; Ord, S. M.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6845, Australia. [Rowlinson, A.] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst, Postbus 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Rowlinson, A.; Offringa, A. R.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, 3rd Floor,Pk Rd, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bowman, J. D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Briggs, F.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Deshpande, A. A.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.; Oberoi, D.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Webster, R. L.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Bell, ME (reprint author), CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.; Bell, ME (reprint author), Univ Sydney, ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM martin.bell@csiro.au RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Callingham, Joseph/0000-0002-7167-1819; Hancock, Paul/0000-0002-4203-2946; Croft, Steve/0000-0003-4823-129X FU Australian Government Department of Industry and Science; Australian Government Department of Education; NVIDIA at Harvard University; NSF Physics Frontier Center [1430284]; US National Science Foundation [AST-1412421]; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020]; Flagship Allocation Scheme of the NCI National Facility at the ANU FX This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the operation of the MWA is provided by the Australian Government Department of Industry and Science and Department of Education (National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy: NCRIS), under a contract to Curtin University administered by Astronomy Australia Limited. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store and the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University. JKS is supported from NSF Physics Frontier Center award number 1430284. DLK and SDC acknowledge support from the US National Science Foundation (grant AST-1412421). Parts of this research were conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020. This work was supported by the Flagship Allocation Scheme of the NCI National Facility at the ANU. NR 78 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 461 IS 1 BP 908 EP 921 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1293 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DV9PE UT WOS:000383272500067 ER PT J AU Gora, EM Gripshover, N Yanoviak, SP AF Gora, Evan M. Gripshover, Noah Yanoviak, Stephen P. TI Orientation at the water surface by the carpenter ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus (DE GEER, 1773) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) SO MYRMECOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article DE Aquatic; behavior; orientation; skototaxis; swimming ID DIRECTED AERIAL DESCENT; CANOPY ANTS; LOCOMOTION; NAVIGATION; STRATEGIES; PONERINAE; BEHAVIOR AB Although most terrestrial invertebrates become trapped upon falling into water, workers of many ant species are able to swim to safety. Here we test the hypothesis that workers of Camponotus pennsylvanicus (DE GEER, 1773) use visually based orientation towards lines of contrast to direct their locomotion across the surface of water. We quantified the swimming behavior of field-collected workers by dropping them into an experimental pool in the laboratory. Directed locomotion in C. pennsylvanicus is visually-mediated; 97% of ants with vision occluded by paint showed no directionality on the surface and did not escape from the water. When given a choice of white and black emergent targets against a white background, the ants consistently swam towards the black target. Likewise, ants generally swam toward the black background (vs. white) when no targets were present. These results suggest skototaxis; however, when provided with white and black targets against contrasting backgrounds, the ants consistently directed their swimming toward the contrasting target, indicating orientation towards contrasting edges. Trials with two-dimensional and three-dimensional targets suggest that rebounding surface waves are not used as orientation cues by these ants. Collectively, these results indicate that C. pennsylvanicus workers use visually-mediated skototaxis and edge orientation to navigate after falling into water and provide a foundation for future investigations into the mechanisms used by terrestrial invertebrates to survive similar circumstances. C1 [Gora, Evan M.; Gripshover, Noah; Yanoviak, Stephen P.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, 139 Lift Sci Bldg, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Yanoviak, Stephen P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Yanoviak, SP (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, 139 Lift Sci Bldg, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.; Yanoviak, SP (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. EM steve.yanoviak@louisville.edu FU Cornett Entomological Endowment grant; National Science Foundation [DEB-1252614] FX Rachel Sandman assisted in the field. Comments from Benjamin Adams, Ken Cheng, Tom Collett, Ethan Staats, and Alyssa Stark improved the manuscript. This work was supported in part by a Cornett Entomological Endowment grant to E.M.G. and National Science Foundation grant DEB-1252614 to S.P.Y. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU OESTERREICHISCHE GESELL ENTOMOFAUNISTIK, C/O NATURHISTOR MUSEUM WIEN PI WIEN PA ZWEITE ZOOLOGISCHE ABTEILUNG (INSEKTEN), BURGRING 7, WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 1994-4136 J9 MYRMECOL NEWS JI Myrmecol. News PD SEP PY 2016 VL 23 BP 33 EP 39 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DW8RY UT WOS:000383924400004 ER PT J AU Brandl, SJ Bellwood, DR AF Brandl, Simon J. Bellwood, David R. TI Microtopographic refuges shape consumer-producer dynamics by mediating consumer functional diversity SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Turf algae; Reef resilience; Herbivory; Phase shift; Rugosity ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; BENTHIC COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CORAL-REEF; HERBIVOROUS FISHES; PHASE-SHIFTS; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; RESOURCE CONTROL; PLANT DIVERSITY; GRAZING REFUGES; CARIBBEAN REEF AB Consumer-producer dynamics are critical for ecosystem functioning. In marine environments, primary production is often subject to strong consumer control, and on coral reefs, the grazing pressure exerted by herbivorous fishes has been identified as a major determinant of benthic community structure. Using experimental surfaces, we demonstrate that on coral reefs, microtopographic refuges decrease the overall grazing pressure by more than one order of magnitude. Furthermore, by functionally characterizing consumer communities, we show that refuges also restrict grazer communities to only one functional group, algal croppers, which selectively remove the apical parts of algae. In contrast, detritivorous fishes, which intensively graze flat and exposed microhabitats and can remove both particulate matter and entire stands of algal filaments, are almost entirely excluded. This preclusion of an entire ecosystem process (the removal of particulates) results in two distinct coexisting benthic regimes: communities within refuges are diverse and characterized by numerous algal types and juvenile scleractinian corals, while communities outside refuges support only low-diversity assemblages dominated by simple, unbranched filamentous turf algal mats. Although limited to the scale of a few centimeters, microtopographic refuges can, therefore, mediate the biotic control of community development by affecting both overall grazing rates and the functional diversity of consumer communities. We suggest that the coexistence of two distinct benthic regimes at a small spatial scale may be an important factor for ecosystem functioning and highlight the need to consider the ecological complexity of consumer-producer dynamics when assessing the status of coral reef ecosystems. C1 [Brandl, Simon J.; Bellwood, David R.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Brandl, Simon J.; Bellwood, David R.] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Brandl, Simon J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tennenbaum Marine Observ Network, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Brandl, SJ (reprint author), James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.; Brandl, SJ (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.; Brandl, SJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tennenbaum Marine Observ Network, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM simon.brandl@my.jcu.edu.au OI Brandl, Simon/0000-0002-6649-2496 FU Australian Research Council; Great Barrier Reef Foundation FX We thank C. E. Mirbach and Lizard Island Research Station for invaluable field support, J. H. Choat for helpful discussions, and D. E. Burkepile and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments. This study was supported by the Australian Research Council (D. R. B.) and the Great Barrier Reef Foundation (S. J. B.). Research was conducted under GBRMPA permit numbers G12/34955.1 and G11/33857.1. NR 71 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 12 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD SEP PY 2016 VL 182 IS 1 BP 203 EP 217 DI 10.1007/s00442-016-3643-0 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DW5FZ UT WOS:000383670000017 PM 27147547 ER PT J AU Cuesta, AJ Niro, V Verde, L AF Cuesta, Antonio J. Niro, Viviana Verde, Licia TI Neutrino mass limits: Robust information from the power spectrum of galaxy surveys SO PHYSICS OF THE DARK UNIVERSE LA English DT Article ID BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; TELESCOPE LENSING SURVEY; DARK ENERGY SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HUBBLE CONSTANT; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS; PLANCK; RED; DISTANCE; SAMPLE AB We present cosmological upper limits on the sum of active neutrino masses using large-scale power spectrum data from the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey and from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey - Data Release 7 (SDSS-DR7) sample of Luminous Red Galaxies (LRG). Combining measurements on the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarisation anisotropies by the Planck satellite together with WiggleZ power spectrum results in a neutrino mass bound of 0.37 eV at 95% C.L., while replacing WiggleZ by the SDSS-DR7 LRG power spectrum, the 95% C.L. bound on the sum of neutrino masses is 0.38 eV. Adding Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) distance scale measurements, the neutrino mass upper limits greatly improve, since BAO data break degeneracies in parameter space. Within a Lambda CDM model, we find an upper limit of 0.13 eV (0.14 eV) at 95% C.L., when using SDSS-DR7 LRG (WiggleZ) together with BAO and Planck. The addition of BAO data makes the neutrino mass upper limit robust, showing only a weak dependence on the power spectrum used. We also quantify the dependence of neutrino mass limit reported here on the CMB lensing information. The tighter upper limit (0.13 eV) obtained with SDSS-DR7 LRG is very close to that recently obtained using Lyman-alpha clustering data, yet uses a completely different probe and redshift range, further supporting the robustness of the constraint. This constraint puts under some pressure the inverted mass hierarchy and favours the normal hierarchy. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cuesta, Antonio J.; Verde, Licia] Univ Barcelona, IEEC UB, Inst Ciencies Cosmos ICCUB, Marti & Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Niro, Viviana] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Niro, Viviana] Inst Fis Teor UAM CSIC, Calle Nicolas Cabrera 13-15, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Verde, Licia] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Verde, Licia] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Radcliffe Inst Adv Study & ITC, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Verde, Licia] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. RP Verde, L (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, IEEC UB, Inst Ciencies Cosmos ICCUB, Marti & Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. EM ajcuesta@icc.ub.edu; viviana.niro@uam.es; liciaverde@icc.ub.edu OI Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470; Verde, Licia/0000-0003-2601-8770 FU European Research Council under the European Community [FP7-IDEAS-Phys.LSS 240117]; Spanish MINECO under ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia 'Maria de Maeztu') [AYA2014-58747P, MDM-2014-0369]; Spanish MINECO [FPA2012-31880]; Spanish MINECO (Centro de excelencia Severo Ochoa Program) [SEV-2012-0249]; European Union through the FP7 Marie Curie Actions ITN INVISIBLES [PITN-GA-2011-289442]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the Collaborative Research Centre [SFB 676]; Mainz Institute for Theoretical Physics (MITP); ESA Member States; NASA; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New York University; Pennsylvania State University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; Yale University FX We acknowledge Signe Riemer-Sorensen for discussions on the WiggleZ data analysis. LV and AJC are supported by the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7-IDEAS-Phys.LSS 240117. Funding for this work was partially provided by the Spanish MINECO under projects AYA2014-58747P and MDM-2014-0369 of ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia 'Maria de Maeztu'). AJC acknowledges hospitality of ITC, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard University. VN acknowledges support by Spanish MINECO through project FPA2012-31880, by Spanish MINECO (Centro de excelencia Severo Ochoa Program) under grant SEV-2012-0249 and by the European Union through the FP7 Marie Curie Actions ITN INVISIBLES (PITN-GA-2011-289442). The work of VN was also supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through the Collaborative Research Centre SFB 676 "Particles, Strings and the Early Universe'' (through an SFB fellowship). VN would like to express a special thanks to the Mainz Institute for Theoretical Physics (MITP) for its hospitality and support.; Based on observations obtained with Planck (http://www.esa.int/Planck), an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States, NASA, and Canada.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 74 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-6864 J9 PHYS DARK UNIVERSE JI Phys. Dark Universe PD SEP PY 2016 VL 13 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.dark.2016.04.005 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DX0AV UT WOS:000384024800007 ER PT J AU Crespo, NA Massaro, F D'Abrusco, R Landoni, M Masetti, N Chavushyan, V Jimenez-Bailon, E La Franca, F Milisavljevic, D Paggi, A Patino-Alvarez, V Ricci, F Smith, HA AF Crespo, N. Alvarez Massaro, F. D'Abrusco, R. Landoni, M. Masetti, N. Chavushyan, V. Jimenez-Bailon, E. La Franca, F. Milisavljevic, D. Paggi, A. Patino-Alvarez, V. Ricci, F. Smith, Howard A. TI Optical archival spectra of blazar candidates of uncertain type in the 3rd Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Galaxies: active; Galaxies: BL Lacertae objects; Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID GAMMA-RAY BLAZARS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; RADIO-SOURCES; DATA RELEASE; COUNTERPARTS; IDENTIFICATION; CAMPAIGN AB Despite the fact that blazars constitute the rarest class among active galactic nuclei (AGNs) they are the largest known population of associated gamma-ray sources. Many of the gamma-ray objects listed in the Fermi-Large Area Telescope Third Source catalog (3FGL) are classified as blazar candidates of uncertain type (BCUs), either because they show multifrequency behavior similar to blazars but lacking optical spectra in the literature, or because the quality of such spectra is too low to confirm their nature. Here we select, out of 585 BCUs in the 3FGL, 42 BCUs which we identify as probable blazars by their WISE infrared colors and which also have optical spectra that are available in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and/or Six-Degree Field Galaxy Survey Database (6dFGS). We confirm the blazar nature of all of the sources. We furthermore conclude that 28 of them are BL Lacs, 8 are radio-loud quasars with flat radio spectrum and 6 are BL Lac whose emission is dominated by their host galaxy. C1 [Crespo, N. Alvarez; Massaro, F.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Crespo, N. Alvarez; Massaro, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [D'Abrusco, R.; Milisavljevic, D.; Paggi, A.; Smith, Howard A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Landoni, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via Emilio Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Masetti, N.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Masetti, N.] Univ Andres Bello, Dept Ciencias Fis, Fernandez Concha 700, Santiago, Chile. [Chavushyan, V.; Patino-Alvarez, V.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Apartado Postal 51-216, Puebla 72000, Mexico. [Jimenez-Bailon, E.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apdo Postal 877, Ensenada 22800, Baja California, Mexico. [La Franca, F.; Ricci, F.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy. RP Crespo, NA (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy.; Crespo, NA (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. EM nalvarez@unito.it OI Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; La Franca, Fabio/0000-0002-1239-2721 FU NASA [NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G, NNX14]; ASI/INAF [I/005/12/0]; NASA/JPL grant RSA [1369566]; UNAM; Catedra CONACyT para Jovenes Investigadores; CONACyT [151494]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah; Brazilian Participation Group; Carnegie Institution for Science; Carnegie Mellon University; Chilean Participation Group; French Participation Group; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Johns Hopkins University; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching); Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE); National Astronomical Observatory of China; New Mexico State University; New York University; University of Notre Dame; Observatorio Nacional/MCTI; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory; United Kingdom Participation Group; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; University of Arizona; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Oxford; University of Portsmouth; University of Utah; University of Virginia; University of Washington; University of Wisconsin; Vanderbilt University; Yale University FX This investigation is supported by the NASA grants NNX12AO97G and NNX13AP20G. The work by G. Tosti is supported by the ASI/INAF contract I/005/12/0. H.A. Smith acknowledges partial support from NASA/JPL grant RSA 1369566 and NASA grant NNX14. HOF was funded by a postdoctoral UNAM grant and is currently granted by a Catedra CONACyT para Jovenes Investigadores. V. Chavushyan acknowledges funding by CONACyT research grant 151494 (Mexico). Part of this work is based on archival data, software or on-line services provided by the ASI Science Data Center. This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org. SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatory of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatorio Nacional/MCTI, the Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. TOPCAT2 (Taylor 2005) for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0004-640X EI 1572-946X J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI JI Astrophys. Space Sci. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 361 IS 9 AR 316 DI 10.1007/s10509-016-2902-1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU3XQ UT WOS:000382146100039 ER PT J AU Orphal, J Staehelin, J Tamminen, J Braathen, G De Backer, MR Bais, A Balis, D Barbe, A Bhartia, PK Birk, M Burkholder, JB Chance, K von Clarmann, T Cox, A Degenstein, D Evans, R Flaud, JM Flittner, D Godin-Beekmann, S Gorshelev, V Gratien, A Hare, E Janssen, C Kyrola, E McElroy, T McPeters, R Pastel, M Petersen, M Petropavlovskikh, I Picquet-Varrault, B Pitts, M Labow, G Rotger-Languereau, M Leblanc, T Lerot, C Liu, X Moussay, P Redondas, A Van Roozendael, M Sander, SP Schneider, M Serdyuchenko, A Veefkind, P Viallon, J Viatte, C Wagner, G Weber, M Wielgosz, RI Zehner, C AF Orphal, Johannes Staehelin, Johannes Tamminen, Johanna Braathen, Geir De Backer, Marie -Renee Bais, Alkiviadis Balis, Dimitris Barbe, Alain Bhartia, Pawan K. Birk, Manfred Burkholder, James B. Chance, Kelly von Clarmann, Thomas Cox, Anthony Degenstein, Doug Evans, Robert Flaud, Jean-Marie Flittner, David Godin-Beekmann, Sophie Gorshelev, Viktor Gratien, Aline Hare, Edward Janssen, Christof Kyrola, Erkki McElroy, Thomas McPeters, Richard Pastel, Maud Petersen, Michael Petropavlovskikh, Irina Picquet-Varrault, Benedicte Pitts, Michael Labow, Gordon Rotger-Languereau, Maud Leblanc, Thierry Lerot, Christophe Liu, Xiong Moussay, Philippe Redondas, Alberto Van Roozendael, Michel Sander, Stanley P. Schneider, Matthias Serdyuchenko, Anna Veefkind, Pepijn Viallon, Joele Viatte, Camille Wagner, Georg Weber, Mark Wielgosz, Robert I. Zehner, Claus TI Absorption cross-sections of ozone in the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions: Status report 2015 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Ozone; Absorption; Cross sections; Atmosphere; Remote sensing; Reference data ID 10 MU-M; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PROFILE RETRIEVALS; MONITORING INSTRUMENT; UV SPECTROSCOPY; TOTAL COLUMN; STRAY LIGHT; NM REGION; BREWER; O-3 AB The activity "Absorption Cross-Sections of Ozone" (ACSO) started in 2008 as a joint initiative of the International Ozone Commission (IO3C), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the IGACO ("Integrated Global Atmospheric Chemistry Observations") O-3/UV subgroup to study, evaluate, and recommend the most suitable ozone absorption cross-section laboratory data to be used in atmospheric ozone measurements. The evaluation was basically restricted to ozone absorption cross-sections in the UV range with particular focus on the Huggins band. Up until now, the data of Bass and Paur published in 1985 (BP, 1985) are still officially recommended for such measurements. During the last decade it became obvious that BP (1985) cross-section data have deficits for use in advanced space-borne ozone measurements. At the same time, it was recognized that the origin of systematic differences in ground-based measurements of ozone required further investigation, in particular whether the BP (1985) cross-section data might contribute to these differences. In ACSO, different sets of laboratory ozone absorption cross-section data (including their dependence on temperature) of the group of Reims (France) (Brion et al., 1993, 1998, 1992, 1995, abbreviated as BDM, 1995) and those of Serdyuchenko et al. (2014), and Gorshelev et al. (2014), (abbreviated as SER, 2014) were examined for use in atmospheric ozone measurements in the Huggins band. In conclusion, ACSO recommends: The spectroscopic data of BP (1985) should no longer be used for retrieval of atmospheric ozone measurements For retrieval of ground-based instruments of total ozone and ozone profile measurements by the Umkehr method performed by Brewer and Dobson instruments data of SER (2014) are recommended to be used. When SER (2014) is used, the difference between total ozone measurements of Brewer and Dobson instruments are very small and the difference between Dobson measurements at AD and CD wavelength pairs are diminished. For ground-based Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) measurements the use of BDM (1995) or SER (2014) is recommended. For satellite retrieval the presently widely used data of BDM (1995) should be used because SER (2014) seems less suitable for retrievals that use wavelengths close to 300 nm due to a deficiency in the signal-to-noise ratio in the SER (2014) dataset. The work of ACSO also showed: The need to continue laboratory cross-section measurements of ozone of highest quality. The importance of careful characterization of the uncertainties of the laboratory measurements. The need to extend the scope of such studies to other wavelength ranges (particularly to cover not only the Huggins band but also the comparison with the mid-infrared region). The need for regular cooperation of experts in spectral laboratory measurements and specialists in atmospheric (ozone) measurements. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Orphal, Johannes; von Clarmann, Thomas; Schneider, Matthias] KIT, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res IMK, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Staehelin, Johannes] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Tamminen, Johanna; Kyrola, Erkki] FMI, Helsinki, Finland. [Braathen, Geir] WMO, Geneva, Switzerland. [De Backer, Marie -Renee; Barbe, Alain; Rotger-Languereau, Maud] CNRS, GSMA, Reims, France. [De Backer, Marie -Renee; Barbe, Alain] Univ Reims, Reims, France. [Bais, Alkiviadis; Balis, Dimitris] Aristotele Univ Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Bhartia, Pawan K.; McPeters, Richard; Labow, Gordon] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Birk, Manfred; Wagner, Georg] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. [Evans, Robert; Petropavlovskikh, Irina] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Chance, Kelly; Liu, Xiong] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cox, Anthony] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. [Degenstein, Doug] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Flaud, Jean-Marie; Gratien, Aline; Picquet-Varrault, Benedicte] CNRS, LISA, Creteil, France. [Flaud, Jean-Marie; Gratien, Aline; Picquet-Varrault, Benedicte] Univ Paris Est, Creteil, France. [Flittner, David; Pitts, Michael] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Godin-Beekmann, Sophie; Pastel, Maud] CNRS, LATMOS, Paris, France. [Godin-Beekmann, Sophie; Pastel, Maud] UVSQ, Paris, France. [Gorshelev, Viktor; Serdyuchenko, Anna; Weber, Mark] Univ Bremen, Bremen, Germany. [Hare, Edward] Environm Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Janssen, Christof] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, LERMA, IPSL, Paris, France. [Janssen, Christof] PSL Res Univ, Observ Paris, Paris, France. [Janssen, Christof] CNRS, Paris, France. [McElroy, Thomas] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Petersen, Michael; Moussay, Philippe; Viallon, Joele; Wielgosz, Robert I.] BIPM, Sevres, France. [Leblanc, Thierry; Sander, Stanley P.] NASA, JPL, Pasadena, CA USA. [Lerot, Christophe; Van Roozendael, Michel] Belgian Inst Space Aeron BIRA IASB, Brussels, Belgium. [Redondas, Alberto] State Meteorol Agcy AEMET, Izana, Spain. [Veefkind, Pepijn] KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands. [Viatte, Camille] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Zehner, Claus] ESA, ESRIN, Frascati, Italy. [Burkholder, James B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Petropavlovskikh, Irina] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA. [Petersen, Michael] Univ Neuchatel, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. RP Orphal, J (reprint author), KIT, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res IMK, Karlsruhe, Germany. EM orphal@kit.edu RI Schneider, Matthias/B-1441-2013; Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014; Bais, Alkiviadis/D-2230-2009; Tamminen, Johanna/D-7959-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Bais, Alkiviadis/0000-0003-3899-2001; Tamminen, Johanna/0000-0003-3095-0069; Kyrola, Erkki/0000-0001-9197-9549 FU EU FP7 programme [284421]; NASA [NNX09AJ24G] FX The work of Maud Pastel was performed in the frame of the NORS project (Demonstration Network Of ground-based Remote Sensing Observations in support of the Copernicus Atmospheric Service), funded by the EU FP7 programme under grant agreement no 284421. The work of Irina Petropavlovskikh was supported by NASA Grant No. NNX09AJ24G (Enhancement of ozone products from established Brewer ground-based networks for validation of satellite-derived stratospheric ozone change). Johanna Tamminen would like to thank the Finnish Academy INQUIRE project. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 12 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 EI 1096-083X J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 327 SI SI BP 105 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2016.07.007 PG 17 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA DV8WY UT WOS:000383218600006 ER PT J AU Gordon, IE Potterbusch, MR Bouquin, D Erdmann, CC Wilzewski, JS Rothman, LS AF Gordon, Iouli E. Potterbusch, Megan R. Bouquin, Daina Erdmann, Christopher C. Wilzewski, Jonas S. Rothman, Laurence S. TI Are your spectroscopic data being used? SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Data accessibility; Data sharing; Data repositories; Zenodo; GitHub ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY CURVES; LINE POSITIONS; LASER SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC STATES; NITRIC-ACID; BANDS; (SO2)-S-32-O-16; INTENSITIES; SPECTRUM; (NO2)-N-14-O-16 AB The issue of availability of data and their presentation in spectroscopic publications is discussed. Different current practices are critically reviewed from the point of view of potential users, government policies, and merit of success of the authors. Indeed, properly providing the data benefits not only users but also the authors of the spectroscopic research. We will show that this increases citations to the spectroscopy papers and visibility of the research groups. Examples based on the statistical analyses of the articles published in the Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy will be shown. We will discuss different methods including supplementary materials to the Journals, public-curated databases and also new tools that can be utilized by spectroscopists. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gordon, Iouli E.; Potterbusch, Megan R.; Bouquin, Daina; Erdmann, Christopher C.; Wilzewski, Jonas S.; Rothman, Laurence S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wilzewski, Jonas S.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany. [Wilzewski, Jonas S.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. RP Gordon, IE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM igordon@cfa.harvard.edu OI Potterbusch, Megan/0000-0001-8518-5259; Erdmann, Christopher/0000-0003-2554-180X; Wilzewski, Jonas Simon/0000-0002-1392-2966 FU NASA AURA program [NNX14AI55G] FX Part of this work is supported by the NASA AURA program, Grant Number NNX14AI55G. We are grateful to Dr. Alberto Accomazzi and to Elsevier publishing house for providing the full texts of the JMS articles in XML format. This enabled some of the statistical analyses carried out here. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 EI 1096-083X J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 327 SI SI BP 232 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2016.03.011 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA DV8WY UT WOS:000383218600014 ER PT J AU Hawkins, MTR Hofman, CA Callicrate, T McDonough, MM Tsuchiya, MTN Gutierrez, EE Helgen, KM Maldonado, JE AF Hawkins, Melissa T. R. Hofman, Courtney A. Callicrate, Taylor McDonough, Molly M. Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N. Gutierrez, Eliecer E. Helgen, Kristofer M. Maldonado, Jesus E. TI In-solution hybridization for mammalian mitogenome enrichment: pros, cons and challenges associated with multiplexing degraded DNA SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE high throughput sequencing; mitogenome; museomics; targeted sequence capture ID ANCIENT DNA; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES; POPULATION GENOMICS; CD-HIT; SEQUENCE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; ALIGNMENT; PHYLOGENETICS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; NEANDERTHAL AB Here, we present a set of RNA-based probes for whole mitochondrial genome in-solution enrichment, targeting a diversity of mammalian mitogenomes. This probes set was designed from seven mammalian orders and tested to determine the utility for enriching degraded DNA. We generated 63 mitogenomes representing five orders and 22 genera of mammals that yielded varying coverage ranging from 0 to >5400X. Based on a threshold of 70% mitogenome recovery and at least 10x average coverage, 32 individuals or 51% of samples were considered successful. The estimated sequence divergence of samples from the probe sequences used to construct the array ranged up to nearly 20%. Sample type was more predictive of mitogenome recovery than sample age. The proportion of reads from each individual in multiplexed enrichments was highly skewed, with each pool having one sample that yielded a majority of the reads. Recovery across each mitochondrial gene varied with most samples exhibiting regions with gaps or ambiguous sites. We estimated the ability of the probes to capture mitogenomes from a diversity of mammalian taxa not included here by performing a clustering analysis of published sequences for 100 taxa representing most mammalian orders. Our study demonstrates that a general array can be cost and time effective when there is a need to screen a modest number of individuals from a variety of taxa. We also address the practical concerns for using such a tool, with regard to pooling samples, generating high quality mitogenomes and detail a pipeline to remove chimeric molecules. C1 [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Hofman, Courtney A.; Callicrate, Taylor; McDonough, Molly M.; Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.; Gutierrez, Eliecer E.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; McDonough, Molly M.; Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.; Gutierrez, Eliecer E.; Helgen, Kristofer M.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 108,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Hofman, Courtney A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hofman, Courtney A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anthropol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Callicrate, Taylor] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hawkins, MTR (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA.; Hawkins, MTR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 108,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Hawkins, MTR (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM robertsmt@si.edu RI Gutierrez, Eliecer/D-5703-2014; OI Gutierrez, Eliecer/0000-0001-6790-8185; Hofman, Courtney/0000-0002-6808-3370 FU Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowships; Smithsonian Small Grants Program; National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution; Systematics Association; Linnean Society of London; Department of Biology of George Mason University FX We are grateful to the CCEG Genetics Laboratory for use of the facilities, and especially to Nancy Rotzel McInerney and Rob Fleischer for advise and support. Funding for this project came from two Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowships (to EEG, MMM) and the Smithsonian Small Grants Program (to KMH, JEM, EEG), both provided by the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution; from the Systematics Research Fund Program provided by both the Systematics Association and the Linnean Society of London (to JEM, EEG, KMH); and from the Department of Biology of George Mason University (to MTRH). Museum specimens were sampled from a variety of collections, including; the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC (D. Lunde, E. Langan, N. Edmison, S. Peurach), The Field Museum, Chicago (B. Patterson, J. Phelps and W. Stanley), The American Museum of Natural History, New York (N. Simmons, R. Voss, E. Westwig, and N. Duncan), The Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Indonesia (A. Achmadi), The Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Singapore (K. Lim), Kansas University (R. Timm), Texas Tech University (H. Garner, K. MacDonald, and R. Baker), and The Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden (C. Smeenk). Joel Callicrate contributed programming expertise and assisted with custom pipeline scripts. Gratitude is extended to Ross Furbush and the CCEG writing group for assistance with revisions of this manuscript (especially Loren Sackett for organizing). Jake Enk and Alison Devault provided valuable advice regarding troubleshooting and optimization of MYbaits kits and comments that helped improve the quality of our manuscript. Gratitude is extended to the three anonymous reviewers, and editor Travis Glenn whose comments greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 SI SI BP 1173 EP 1188 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12448 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DV9SH UT WOS:000383281400011 PM 26220248 ER PT J AU Lim, HC Braun, MJ AF Lim, Haw Chuan Braun, Michael J. TI High-throughput SNP genotyping of historical and modern samples of five bird species via sequence capture of ultraconserved elements SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE ancient DNA; historical DNA; Indo-Burma; Sundaland; target enrichment; ultraconserved elements ID ANCIENT DNA; POPULATION GENOMICS; BACKGROUND-SELECTION; TARGET-ENRICHMENT; HYBRID SELECTION; EVOLUTIONARY; PHYLOGENY; DAMAGE; COLLECTIONS; NEANDERTHAL AB Sample availability limits population genetics research on many species, especially taxa from regions with high diversity. However, many such species are well represented in museum collections assembled before the molecular era. Development of techniques to recover genetic data from these invaluable specimens will benefit biodiversity science. Using a mixture of freshly preserved and historical tissue samples, and a sequence capture probe set targeting >5000 loci, we produced high-confidence genotype calls on thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in each of five South-East Asian bird species and their close relatives (N=27-43). On average, 66.2% of the reads mapped to the pseudo-reference genome of each species. Of these mapped reads, an average of 52.7% was identified as PCR or optical duplicates. We achieved deeper effective sequencing for historical samples (122.7x) compared to modern samples (23.5x). The number of nucleotide sites with at least 8x sequencing depth was high, with averages ranging from 0.89x10(6)bp (Arachnothera, modern samples) to 1.98x10(6)bp (Stachyris, modern samples). Linear regression revealed that the amount of sequence data obtained from each historical sample (represented by per cent of the pseudo-reference genome recovered with 8x sequencing depth) was positively and significantly (P0.013) related to how recently the sample was collected. We observed characteristic post-mortem damage in the DNA of historical samples. However, we were able to reduce the error rate significantly by truncating ends of reads during read mapping (local alignment) and conducting stringent SNP and genotype filtering. C1 [Lim, Haw Chuan; Braun, Michael J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Lim, HC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM limhc@si.edu FU National Museum of Natural History Small Grants Program; American Ornithologists' Union Wetmore Research Award; Smithsonian Institution Molecular Evolution Fellowship FX This research was partially funded by National Museum of Natural History Small Grants Program to MJB and HCL, and American Ornithologists' Union Wetmore Research Award to HCL. HCL also received fellowship and research funding from Smithsonian Institution Molecular Evolution Fellowship. Portions of the laboratory and computer work were conducted in and with the support of the L.A.B. facilities of the National Museum of Natural History; we thank Jeffrey Hunt, Margaret Halloran, Brian Coyle, Noor White, Matthew Kweskin and Paul Frandsen for logistics and bioinformatics support. Additional computer analyses were conducted on Smithsonian Institution High-Performance Computing Cluster, Hydra-2. Extraction of historical DNA was conducted at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; we thank Nancy Rotzel McInerney, Rob Fleischer, Courtney Hofman and Taylor Callicrate for providing training and logistics support. We are indebted to the following natural history museums and personnel for facilitating tissue and toe pad loans: American Museum of Natural History (Paul Sweet), Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (Nate Rice), Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture (Sharon Birks), Field Museum of Natural History (Ben Marks), Kansas University Museum of Natural History (Mark Robbins), Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science (Donna Dittmann), Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard (Jeremiah Trimble), Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at Berkeley (Carla Cicero), Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History (Brian Schmidt) and YPM Peabody Museum of Natural History (Kristof Zyskowski). We are grateful to Melissa Hawkins, Caroline Judy and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 SI SI BP 1204 EP 1223 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12568 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DV9SH UT WOS:000383281400013 PM 27427784 ER PT J AU Campana, MG Hawkins, MTR Henson, LH Stewardson, K Young, HS Card, LR Lock, J Agwanda, B Brinkerhoff, J Gaff, HD Helgen, KM Maldonado, JE McShea, WJ Fleischer, RC AF Campana, Michael G. Hawkins, Melissa T. R. Henson, Lauren H. Stewardson, Kristin Young, Hillary S. Card, Leah R. Lock, Justin Agwanda, Bernard Brinkerhoff, Jory Gaff, Holly D. Helgen, Kristofer M. Maldonado, Jesus E. McShea, William J. Fleischer, Robert C. TI Simultaneous identification of host, ectoparasite and pathogen DNA via in-solution capture SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE blood meal; DNA; ectoparasite; high-throughput sequencing; in-solution capture; pathogen ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; FIELD SURVEY; SOUTHEASTERN VIRGINIA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; ACARI IXODIDAE; SMALL MAMMALS; TICKS ACARI; PCR AB Ectoparasites frequently vector pathogens from often unknown pathogen reservoirs to both human and animal populations. Simultaneous identification of the ectoparasite species, the wildlife host that provided their most recent blood meal(s), and their pathogen load would greatly facilitate the understanding of the complex transmission dynamics of vector-borne diseases. Currently, these identifications are principally performed using multiple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. We developed an assay (EctoBaits) based on in-solution capture paired with high-throughput sequencing to simultaneously identify ectoparasites, host blood meals and pathogens. We validated our in-solution capture results using double-blind PCR assays, morphology and collection data. The EctoBaits assay effectively and efficiently identifies ectoparasites, blood meals, and pathogens in a single capture experiment, allowing for high-resolution taxonomic identification while preserving the DNA sample for future analyses. C1 [Campana, Michael G.; Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Henson, Lauren H.; Stewardson, Kristin; Lock, Justin; Maldonado, Jesus E.; Fleischer, Robert C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Helgen, Kristofer M.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, MRC 108,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Young, Hillary S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Card, Leah R.; McShea, William J.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Agwanda, Bernard] Natl Museums Kenya, Box 40658-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. [Brinkerhoff, Jory] Univ Richmond, Dept Biol, Gottwald Ctr Sci B322, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173 USA. [Gaff, Holly D.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Fleischer, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM fleischerr@si.edu FU Smithsonian Grand Challenges Biodiversity Consortium; Smithsonian DNA Barcode Network; Morris Animal Foundation [D14ZO-308]; National Geographic Society [8846-10]; Smithsonian Institution Women's Committee [SWC 22, SWC 44]; Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics FX MYcroarray assisted with quality control steps for the bait production (J-M Rouillard). Logistical support and testing of these probes occurred in the Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics with assistance from Nancy McInerney. Brian Allan, Lorenza Beatti, Katharina Dittmar, Ralph Eckerlin, Ashley Hintz, John Montinieri, Richard Robbins and Serena Zhao helped in collection, preparation and identification of the ectoparasites. We are grateful for the assistance of Patrick Jansen, Margaret Kinnaird, Allen Richards, and Chelsea Wright throughout this project. We thank the Smithsonian Grand Challenges Biodiversity Consortium, the Smithsonian DNA Barcode Network, the Morris Animal Foundation (D14ZO-308), the National Geographic Society (8846-10), the Smithsonian Institution Women's Committee (SWC 22 and SWC 44), and the Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics for funding. We thank the Kenya Wildlife Service, National Museums Kenya, and Mpala Research Centre for logistical support and permission to conduct this research. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 16 IS 5 SI SI BP 1224 EP 1239 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12524 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DV9SH UT WOS:000383281400014 PM 26990246 ER PT J AU Yang, YY Meng, Y Wen, J Sun, H Nie, ZL AF Yang, Ying-Ying Meng, Ying Wen, Jun Sun, Hang Nie, Ze-Long TI Phylogenetic analyses of Searsia (Anacardiaceae) from eastern Asia and its biogeographic disjunction with its African relatives SO SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Anacardiaceae; Eastern Asia; Phylogeny; Biogeographic disjunction; Searsia; Southern Africa ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; OUT-OF-AFRICA; RHUS ANACARDIACEAE; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE DATA; INTERCONTINENTAL DISJUNCTIONS; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; DNA-SEQUENCES; PISTACIA ANACARDIACEAE; OSMORHIZA APIACEAE AB Searsia is an Old World genus in the sumac family Anacardiaceae segregated from the Rhus complex. The genus is widely distributed in Africa with three species in eastern Asia, of which Searsia paniculata was commonly recognized as Terminthia paniculata in China. In this study, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of the eastern Asian Searsia to test the relationships to the African relatives, based on both nuclear (ETS and ITS) and chloroplast (trnL-F and ndhF) sequences. Phylogenetic analyses based on different genomic sequences strongly support that the Searsia taxa from eastern Asia are monophyletic. However, topological incongruence is observed between the nuclear and chloroplast data, especially concerning the phylogenetic position of the eastern Asian group. The divergence time of the genus between eastern Asia and Africa was dated to 23.36 Ma (million years ago), with a 95% highest posterior density (HPD) of 14.30-36.31 Ma, using the Bayesian relaxed-clock estimation. It is hypothesized that the closure of the Tethys Sea and the formation of the "Gomphotherium Landbridge" likely had enabled the expansion of the Searsia lineage between Africa and Asia in the late Oligocene to early Miocene. (C) 2016 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Ying-Ying; Sun, Hang] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Yang, Ying-Ying] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Meng, Ying; Nie, Ze-Long] Jishou Univ, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Utilizat, Jishou 416000, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Nie, ZL (reprint author), Jishou Univ, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Utilizat, Jishou 416000, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM zelongnie@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31570211]; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Laboratory of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution FX We acknowledge the financial support for this research by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31570211 to Z.-L. Nie) and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to J. Wen, R. Ree and G. Mueller. Laboratory work was done at and partially supported by the Laboratory of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Fieldwork in North America was supported by the Small Grants Program of the National Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution. We thank Dr. R.O. Moffett for his assistance in this study, and TopEdit for the linguistic edits during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0254-6299 EI 1727-9321 J9 S AFR J BOT JI S. Afr. J. Bot. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 106 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.sajb.2016.05.021 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DV9XC UT WOS:000383294500019 ER PT J AU Halfwerk, W Ryan, MJ Wilson, PS AF Halfwerk, Wouter Ryan, Michael J. Wilson, Preston S. TI Wind- and Rain-Induced Vibrations Impose Different Selection Pressures on Multimodal Signaling SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE sexual selection; multimodal communication; vibrational noise; signal detection; Physalaemus pustulosus ID WATER-SURFACE-WAVES; PHYSALAEMUS-PUSTULOSUS; SENSORY MODALITIES; BOMBINA-VARIEGATA; SEISMIC SIGNALS; TUNGARA FROGS; MATE CHOICE; NOISE; COMMUNICATION; BEHAVIOR AB The world is a noisy place, and animals have evolved a myriad of strategies to communicate in it. Animal communication signals are, however, often multimodal; their components can be processed by multiple sensory systems, and noise can thus affect signal components across different modalities. We studied the effect of environmental noise on multimodal communication in the tungara frog (Physalaemus pustulosus). Males communicate with rivals using airborne sounds combined with call-induced water ripples. We tested males under control as well as noisy conditions in which we mimicked rain-and wind-induced vibrations on the water surface. Males responded more strongly to a multimodal playback in which sound and ripples were combined, compared to a unimodal sound-only playback, but only in the absence of rain and wind. Under windy conditions, males decreased their response to the multimodal playback, suggesting that wind noise interferes with the detection of rival ripples. Under rainy conditions, males increased their response, irrespective of signal playback, suggesting that different noise sources can have different impacts on communication. Our findings show that noise in an additional sensory channel can affect multimodal signal perception and thereby drive signal evolution, but not always in the expected direction. C1 [Halfwerk, Wouter] Vrije Univ, Dept Environm Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Halfwerk, Wouter; Ryan, Michael J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Halfwerk, Wouter; Ryan, Michael J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Wilson, Preston S.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Halfwerk, W (reprint author), Vrije Univ, Dept Environm Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Halfwerk, W (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.; Halfwerk, W (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM w.h.halfwerk@vu.nl FU Smithsonian Institute; Schure-Beijerink Popping fund [UPS/297/Eco/1411J] FX This work was supported by a Smithsonian Institute fellowship to W.H. and a contribution from the Schure-Beijerink Popping fund (grant UPS/297/Eco/1411J). We are grateful to N. Hall, A. Lea, R. Page, and M. Ramos and to the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for their logistical support. W.H. is grateful to H. Bleckmann for advice on water surface wave measurements. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0003-0147 EI 1537-5323 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 188 IS 3 BP 279 EP 288 DI 10.1086/687519 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT2BO UT WOS:000381286000003 PM 27501086 ER PT J AU Kaspari, M Powers, JS AF Kaspari, Michael Powers, Jennifer S. TI Biogeochemistry and Geographical Ecology: Embracing All Twenty-Five Elements Required to Build Organisms SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE multiple-element limitation; colimitation; law of the minimum; decomposition; substrate age hypothesis; soil nutrient availability ID TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; TROPICAL FOREST; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; LIFE-HISTORY; PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; NITROGEN LIMITATION; MULTIPLE NUTRIENTS; AMAZONIAN FOREST; PLANT NUTRIENTS; CARBON-CYCLE AB Biogeochemistry is a key but relatively neglected part of the abiotic template that underlies ecology. The template has a geography, one that is increasingly being rearranged in this era of global change. Justus von Liebig's law of the minimum has played a useful role in focusing attention on biogeochemical regulation of populations, but given that similar to 25+ elements are required to build organisms and that these organisms use and deplete nutrients in aggregates of communities and ecosystems, we make the case that it is time to move on. We review available models that suggest the many different mechanisms that give rise to multiple elements, or colimitation. We then review recent empirical data that show that rates of decomposition and primary productivity may be limited by multiple elements. In that light, given the tropics' high species diversity and generally more weathered soils, we predict that colimitation at community and ecosystem scales is more prevalent closer to the equator. We conclude with suggestions for how to move forward with experimental studies of colimitation. C1 [Kaspari, Michael] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Grad Program Ecol & Evolut, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kaspari, Michael; Powers, Jennifer S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Powers, JS (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.; Powers, JS (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.; Powers, JS (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM powers@umn.edu NR 106 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 29 U2 30 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0003-0147 EI 1537-5323 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 188 SU 1 BP S62 EP S73 DI 10.1086/687576 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT2BN UT WOS:000381285900005 PM 27513911 ER PT J AU Zamudio, KR Bell, RC Nali, RC Haddad, CFB Prado, CPA AF Zamudio, Kelly R. Bell, Rayna C. Nali, Renato C. Haddad, Celio F. B. Prado, Cynthia P. A. TI Polyandry, Predation, and the Evolution of Frog Reproductive Modes SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE Anura; phylogenetic comparative methods; reproduction; sexual selection; multimale spawning ID RED-EYED TREEFROG; SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM; EXTRA-PAIR PATERNITY; COMPLEX LIFE-CYCLES; PARENTAL CARE; SPERM COMPETITION; ATLANTIC FOREST; TESTIS SIZE; GENUS LEPTODACTYLUS; AMPHIBIAN METAMORPHOSIS AB Frog reproductive modes are complex phenotypes that include egg/clutch characteristics, oviposition site, larval development, and sometimes, parental care. Two evident patterns in the evolution of these traits are the higher diversity of reproductive modes in the tropics and the apparent progression from aquatic to terrestrial reproduction, often attributed to higher fitness resulting from decreased predation on terrestrial eggs and tadpoles. Here, we propose that sexual selection-and not only natural selection due to predation-favors terrestrial breeding by reducing the loss of fitness due to polyandry. To examine this novel selective mechanism, we reconstructed the evolution of reproductive diversity in two frog families (Hylidae and Leptodactylidae) and tested for concerted evolution of egg and tadpole development sites with specific mating behaviors. We found that oviposition and tadpole development sites are evolving independently, do not show the same diversity and/or directionality in terms of terrestriality, and thus may be diversifying due to different selective mechanisms. In both families, terrestrial egg deposition is correlated with amplexus that is hidden from competing males, and in hylids, testes mass was significantly larger and more variable in males with exposed amplexus that are vulnerable to polyandry. Our results indicate that intrasexual selection has been an underappreciated mechanism promoting diversification of frog reproductive modes. C1 [Zamudio, Kelly R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bell, Rayna C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bell, Rayna C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Nali, Renato C.; Haddad, Celio F. B.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Zool, Inst Biociencias, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Nali, Renato C.; Prado, Cynthia P. A.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Dept Morfol & Fisiol Anim, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Zamudio, KR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM kelly.zamudio@cornell.edu RI Haddad, Celio/C-4267-2012; OI Zamudio, Kelly/0000-0001-5107-6206 NR 110 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 46 U2 46 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0003-0147 EI 1537-5323 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 188 SU 1 BP S41 EP S61 DI 10.1086/687547 PG 21 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT2BN UT WOS:000381285900004 PM 27513910 ER PT J AU Symes, LB Page, RA ter Hofstede, HM AF Symes, Laurel B. Page, Rachel A. ter Hofstede, Hannah M. TI Effects of acoustic environment on male calling activity and timing in Neotropical forest katydids SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Copiphorinae; Orthoptera; Phaneropterinae; Pseudophyllinae ID TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST; ORTHOPTERA-TETTIGONIIDAE; HYPEROLIUS-MARMORATUS; SEXUAL SELECTION; SOUTHERN INDIA; GLEANING BATS; BUSH-CRICKETS; REED FROG; EVOLUTION; COMMUNICATION AB Many characteristics of signals can convey information, but the exact timing of the signal often matters as well. The timing of signals is shaped by selective pressures including mate preferences, predation, and competition. In many insect communities, male calling to attract females is persistent and pervasive, and signal timing interactions among individuals are relatively common. In Neotropical forests, many katydid species are represented in the acoustic environment, but calls are usually short (< 40 ms) and infrequent (< 10 s of sound per individual per night), characteristics that have likely evolved in response to intense predation by insectivorous bats. We test two alternative hypotheses about signal timing in environments where signaling is rare and costly, either that timing is absent due to the unpredictable nature of the signals or that the rarity of signals places a premium on signal timing and attention to the acoustic environment. We tested these hypotheses by broadcasting conspecific calls, heterospecific calls, and silence to eight species of katydids and measuring calling activity and call timing in each playback treatment. All species changed the amount or timing of calling (or both) as a result of the playbacks, but species responded differently to playbacks, with some calling more or less during specific treatments and some showing differences in the timing of calls relative to playbacks. Although short latency signal timing was not observed, this study shows that Neotropical forest katydids are responsive to their acoustic environment despite an exceptionally low rate of signaling. In many species, males produce signals to attract females, and studies show that the timing of these signals relative to other stimuli can play an important role in mate attraction and predator avoidance. Most of these studies have investigated species that are prolific signalers, due to the ease of collecting data. Here, we extend these theories and test them in Neotropical forest katydids, which produce very short and sporadic acoustic signals. We find that these insects do not display the fast competitive interactions seen in more prolific signalers, but still adjust both the timing and amount of calling in response to what they hear. These findings reveal that insects that signal rarely are still attending to the signaling of others and that their behavior can be strongly affected by the signals of other insects, including insects of other species. C1 [Symes, Laurel B.; Page, Rachel A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancona, Panama. [Symes, Laurel B.; ter Hofstede, Hannah M.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, 78 Coll St, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Symes, LB (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancona, Panama.; Symes, LB (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, 78 Coll St, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM laurel.symes@dartmouth.edu FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Dartmouth College FX Funding and logistical support was provided by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute to LBS and RAP and by Dartmouth College to HMtH. Full permits for the project were obtained through the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Thank you to L. Hoger for assistance with data analysis. Thank you to the staff at Barro Colorado Island for logistical and administrative support. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 EI 1432-0762 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 70 IS 9 BP 1485 EP 1495 DI 10.1007/s00265-016-2157-4 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DT3QW UT WOS:000381396900007 ER PT J AU Laird, KL Clements, P Hunter, KL Taylor, RC AF Laird, Krispen L. Clements, Paul Hunter, Kimberly L. Taylor, Ryan C. TI Multimodal signaling improves mating success in the green tree frog (Hyla cinerea), but may not help small males SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hyla cinerea; Mate choice; Multimodal signaling; Robotic frog ID COCKTAIL PARTY PROBLEM; ANURAN VOCAL SAC; SEXUAL SELECTION; MATE CHOICE; TUNGARA FROGS; RECEIVER PSYCHOLOGY; FEMALE PREFERENCES; SPATIAL HEARING; CALL COMPONENTS; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR AB Many anuran amphibians are challenged with the detection of courtship signals in noisy chorus environments. Anurans and other animals partially solve this discrimination challenge by employing auditory mechanisms such as grouping sounds by frequency, time, or spatial location. Animals are also known to employ visual cues as a mechanism of improving auditory signal detection. In this study, we examined the effect of acoustic and visual stimuli on female mate choice preferences in the green tree frog, Hyla cinerea. We used a series of two choice playback tests and added a robotic frog, with an inflatable vocal sac, to test interactions among visual and acoustic signal components. Females preferred vocalizations with faster call rates (i.e., high energy cost) and lower call frequencies (i.e., larger males). When call properties were held equal, females discriminated against an acoustic only stimulus in favor of the combined acoustic/visual multimodal signal. A visual component did not, however, increase the attractiveness of an otherwise unattractive (high-frequency) acoustic signal. Thus, female green tree frogs integrate the visual display into the acoustic communication system and males that are visually accessible can increase their probability of mating success. Visual accessibility, however, is unlikely to improve mating success for small males (high-frequency callers). Animal communication signals are often complex and communicated in multiple sensory channels (e.g., auditory + visual). Female choice is known to be an important mechanism driving signal evolution. Thus, for complex mating signals, a first step in understanding their evolution is to test how females respond to various combinations of components. Here, we tested female mate choice in the green tree frog, H. cinerea, using a combination of audio playbacks and a robotic frog as the visual component. When the audio signal was standardized, females preferred a signal enhanced by a robotic frog. The robotic frog did not increase female responses to an unattractive call (indicative of a small male), however. These results suggest that visual accessibility can improve a male's chance of mating, but this advantage is context dependent and does not extend to smaller males. C1 [Laird, Krispen L.; Hunter, Kimberly L.; Taylor, Ryan C.] Salisbury Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 1101 Camden Ave, Salisbury, MD 21801 USA. [Clements, Paul] Salisbury Univ, Henson Sch Technol, Salisbury, MD 21801 USA. [Taylor, Ryan C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Taylor, RC (reprint author), Salisbury Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 1101 Camden Ave, Salisbury, MD 21801 USA.; Taylor, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM rctaylor@salisbury.edu FU Salisbury University Henson School of Science; Guerrieri summer research internship FX Ron Gutberlet provided helpful feedback on an early draft of the manuscript and we dedicate this work to his memory. We are grateful to Tyler Bowling for his help with fieldwork and data collection. We thank Kyle Summers and two anonymous referees for valuable comments on the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Salisbury University Henson School of Science and a Guerrieri summer research internship to TB. Gerlinde Hobel generously provided preserved specimens of green tree frogs used to cast molds for the model frogs. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 38 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 EI 1432-0762 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 70 IS 9 BP 1517 EP 1525 DI 10.1007/s00265-016-2160-9 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DT3QW UT WOS:000381396900010 ER PT J AU Saltonstall, K Meyerson, LA AF Saltonstall, Kristin Meyerson, Laura A. TI Phragmites australis: from genes to ecosystems SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article C1 [Saltonstall, Kristin] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. [Meyerson, Laura A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Saltonstall, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. EM saltonstallk@si.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2415 EP 2420 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1240-0 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500001 ER PT J AU Saltonstall, K AF Saltonstall, Kristin TI The naming of Phragmites haplotypes SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Chloroplast DNA; Indel; Microsatellite; Minisatellite ID CHLOROPLAST INTERGENIC REGIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NONCODING REGIONS; AUSTRALIS; DNA; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES; POACEAE; MICROSATELLITES AB The genus Phragmites includes several species, of which only Phragmites australis has a worldwide distribution. It has been several decades since the last formal taxonomic examination of the genus and a number of recent genetic studies have revealed novel diversity and unique lineages within the genus. In my initial work on genetic variation in Phragmites (Saltonstall in Proc Nat Acad Sci 99:2445-2449, 2002), I came up with a naming scheme for identifying chloroplast DNA haplotypes which combined unique sequences at two loci, designated by numbers, to form haplotypes, designated by letters. Here I describe this naming system in more detail, explain how it has evolved over time as more genetic data has become available, provide a summary of all haplotypes currently available on GenBank, and address some common misunderstandings about how the haplotypes are named. C1 [Saltonstall, Kristin] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. RP Saltonstall, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. EM saltonstallk@si.edu NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2433 EP 2441 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1192-4 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500003 ER PT J AU Saltonstall, K Lambert, AM Rice, N AF Saltonstall, Kristin Lambert, Adam M. Rice, Nick TI What happens in Vegas, better stay in Vegas: Phragmites australis hybrids in the Las Vegas Wash SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Hybridization; Invasion; Desert; cpDNA; Microsatellite; Anthropogenic disturbance; Clonal spread ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; COMMON REED; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GROUNDWATER WITHDRAWAL; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; NONCODING REGIONS; CHLOROPLAST DNA; CHESAPEAKE BAY; UNITED-STATES AB While hybridization between Native and Introduced Phragmites australis has not been documented across much of North America, it poses an ongoing threat to Native P. australis across its range. This is especially true for native populations in the biologically rich, but sparsely distributed wetlands of the southwest United States, which are among the most imperiled systems in North America. We identified multiple Hybrid P. australis stands in the Las Vegas Wash watershed, NV, a key regional link to the Colorado River basin. Rapid urbanization in this watershed has caused striking changes in water and nutrient inputs and the distribution of wetland habitats has also changed, with urban wetlands expanding but an overall reduction in wetland habitats regionally. Native P. australis has likely been present in the Wash wetland community in low abundance for thousands of years, but today Hybrid and Native plants dominate the shoreline along much of the Wash. In contrast, Introduced P. australis is rare, suggesting that opportunities for novel hybridization events remain uncommon. Hybrid crosses derived from both the native and introduced maternal lineages are widespread, although the conditions that precluded their establishment are unknown and we did not find evidence for backcrossing. Spread of Hybrid plants is likely associated with flooding events as well as restoration activities, including revegetation efforts and construction for erosion control, that have redistributed sediments containing P. australis rhizomes. Downstream escape of Hybrid plants to Lake Mead and wetlands throughout the lower Colorado River basin is of management concern as these Hybrids appear vigorous and could spread rapidly. C1 [Saltonstall, Kristin] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. [Lambert, Adam M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Rice, Nick] Southern Nevada Water Author, 100 City Pkwy,Suite 700, Las Vegas, NV 89106 USA. RP Saltonstall, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. EM saltonstallk@si.edu FU Southern Nevada Water Authority; Clark County Parks and Recreation FX We thank the Southern Nevada Water Authority and Clark County Parks and Recreation for funding this project, and R. Long and T. Dudley for assistance with sample collection and preparation. Two reviewers provided helpful comments. NR 82 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2463 EP 2474 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1167-5 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500006 ER PT J AU McCormick, MK Brooks, HEA Whigham, DF AF McCormick, Melissa K. Brooks, Hope E. A. Whigham, Dennis F. TI Microsatellite analysis to estimate realized dispersal distance in Phragmites australis SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Phragmites australis; Dispersal distance; Genetic relatedness; Mantel correlogram ID HIBISCUS-MOSCHEUTOS MALVACEAE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NORTH-AMERICA; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; CHESAPEAKE BAY; COMMON REED; INVASION; POPULATIONS; SPREAD; WIND AB An understanding of the mean and maximum dispersal distances of target species and subsequent scaling of management efforts to dispersal distance can be key in slowing, containing, or eradicating invasive species. However, dispersal distance is often difficult to measure. Patterns of genetic relatedness can be interpreted to understand realized genetic dispersal distances, which can then be applied to management. We analyzed patterns of microsatellite relatedness using Mantel correlograms and used them to estimate realized dispersal distance for the invasive wetland grass, Phragmites australis. We found that genetic relatedness declined quickly with increasing distance, decreasing to the level of the mean subestuary genetic relatedness by 100 m and to nearly zero by 500 m. We interpret this to indicate that most dispersal is < 100 m and very little dispersal extends beyond 500 m. This suggests that management of P. australis may need to consider dispersal from stands up to 500 m from an area that is being managed, perhaps at the scale of whole subestuaries. Results of this study demonstrate that analysis of dispersal patterns can be used to develop landscape-scale approaches to the management of invasive species. C1 [McCormick, Melissa K.; Brooks, Hope E. A.; Whigham, Dennis F.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP McCormick, MK (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM mccormickm@si.edu OI Whigham, Dennis/0000-0003-1488-820X FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR) [NA09NOS4780214] FX We thank Wesley Hauser, Liza McFarland, and Eric Hazelton for help collecting data, the American Chestnut Land Trust for access to Parkers Creek, and the Smithsonian Laboratory of Analytical Biology for running microsatellite samples. This work was supported by award number NA09NOS4780214 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR). NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 15 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2497 EP 2504 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1126-1 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500008 ER PT J AU Lambert, AM Saltonstall, K Long, R Dudley, TL AF Lambert, Adam M. Saltonstall, Kristin Long, Randy Dudley, Tom L. TI Biogeography of Phragmites australis lineages in the southwestern United States SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Hybridization; Invasive species; Anthropogenic disturbance; Rare species; Riparian; Water resources; Wetlands; Poaceae; Desert spring ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; NORTH-AMERICA; GROUNDWATER WITHDRAWAL; WETLAND CONSERVATION; PLANT INVASION; HYBRIDIZATION; POACEAE; URBANIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATIONS AB The environmental and social impacts of Phragmites australis invasion have been extensively studied in the eastern United States. In the West where the invasion is relatively recent, a lack of information on distributions and spread has limited our ability to manage invasive populations or assess whether native populations will experience a decline similar to that in the East. Between 2006 and 2015, we evaluated the genetic status, distribution, and soil properties (pH, electrical conductivity, and soil texture) of Phragmites stands in wetlands and riparian systems throughout the Southwest. Native (subspecies americanus), Introduced (haplotype M), and Gulf Coast (subspecies berlandieri) Phragmites lineages were identified in the survey region, as well as watershed-scale hybridization between the Native and Introduced lineages in southern Nevada. Two Asian haplotypes (P and Q) that were previously not known to occur in North America were found in California. The Native lineage was the most frequent and widespread across the region, with four cpDNA haplotypes (A, B, H, and AR) occurring at low densities in all wetland types. Most Introduced Phragmites stands were in or near major urban centers and associated with anthropogenic disturbance in wetlands and rivers, and we document their spread in the region, which is likely facilitated by transportation and urban development. Soil pH of Native and hybrid stands was higher (averaging 8.3 and 8.6, respectively) than Introduced stands (pH of 7.5) and was the only soil property that differed among lineages. Continued monitoring of all Phragmites lineages in the Southwest will aid in assessing the conservation status of Native populations and developing management priorities for non-native stands. C1 [Lambert, Adam M.; Long, Randy; Dudley, Tom L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Lambert, Adam M.; Long, Randy; Dudley, Tom L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Cheadle Ctr Biodivers & Ecol Restorat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Saltonstall, Kristin] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 9100, Box 0948 DPO, Panama City 34002, Panama. RP Lambert, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Lambert, AM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Cheadle Ctr Biodivers & Ecol Restorat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM alambert@ucsb.edu FU Southern Nevada Water Authority FX We thank J. Andre (University of California, Riverside), A. LaVoie and A. Manwaring (United States Department of Fish and Wildlife), D. Keil (California Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo), J. Rebmen (San Diego Natural History Museum), N. Rice (Southern Nevada Water Authority), G. Short (Center for Natural Lands Management), M. Walgren (California Department of Parks and Recreation), C. Bell (University of California Cooperative Extension), and the Tamarisk Coalition for collecting specimens and information on Phragmites locations, and A. Lambert, K. Arakawa, M. Taguchi, J. Roberts, and C. Ta for assistance with sample preparation and processing. Partial funding was provided by the Southern Nevada Water Authority. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 12 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2597 EP 2617 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1164-8 PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500015 ER PT J AU Mozdzer, TJ Langley, JA Mueller, P Megonigal, JP AF Mozdzer, Thomas J. Langley, J. Adam Mueller, Peter Megonigal, J. Patrick TI Deep rooting and global change facilitate spread of invasive grass SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Invasive; Elevated carbon dioxide; Priming; Rooting depth; Nitrogen; Marsh organ; Phragmites; Schoenoplectus americanus; Spartina patens ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; MARSH PLANT COMMUNITY; BRACKISH TIDAL MARSH; BELOW-GROUND BIOMASS; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; SALT-MARSH; ELEVATED CO2; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; COMMON REED AB Abiotic global change factors, such as rising atmospheric CO2, and biotic factors, such as exotic plant invasion, interact to alter the function of terrestrial ecosystems. An invasive lineage of the common reed, Phragmites australis, was introduced to North America over a century ago, but the belowground mechanisms underlying Phragmites invasion and persistence in natural systems remain poorly studied. For instance, Phragmites has a nitrogen (N) demand higher than native plant communities in many of the ecosystems it invades, but the source of the additional N is not clear. We exposed introduced Phragmites and native plant assemblages, containing Spartina patens and Schoenoplectus americanus, to factorial treatments of CO2 (ambient or +300 ppm), N (0 or 25 g m(-2) year(-1)), and hydroperiod (4 levels), and focused our analysis on changes in root productivity as a function of depth and evaluated the effects of introduced Phragmites on soil organic matter mineralization. We report that non-native invasive Phragmites exhibited a deeper rooting profile than native marsh species under all experimental treatments, and also enhanced soil organic matter decomposition. Moreover, exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2 induced a sharp increase in deep root production in the invasive plant. We propose that niche separation accomplished through deeper rooting profiles circumvents nutrient competition where native species have relatively shallow root depth distributions; deep roots provide access to nutrient-rich porewater; and deep roots further increase nutrient availability by enhancing soil organic matter decomposition. We expect that rising CO2 will magnify these effects in deep-rooting invasive plants that compete using a tree-like strategy against native herbaceous plants, promoting establishment and invasion through niche separation. C1 [Mozdzer, Thomas J.] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, 101 N Mer Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. [Langley, J. Adam] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, 800 E Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Mueller, Peter] Univ Hamburg, Appl Plant Ecol, Bioctr Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststr 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. [Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Mozdzer, TJ (reprint author), Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, 101 N Mer Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. EM tmozdzer@brynmawr.edu OI Mozdzer, Thomas/0000-0002-1053-0967 FU USGS Global Change Research Program [06ERAG0011]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER62458]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Coastal Center of the National Institute of Climate Change Research at Tulane University; National Science Foundation's Long-Term Research Environmental Biology program [DEB-0950080, DEB-1457100, DEB-1557009]; Maryland Sea Grant [SA7528082, SA7528114-WW]; Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program; Smithsonian Institution FX We thank, J. Duls, A. Peresta, G. Peresta, M.I. Seal, K. Shepard, A. Teasley, S. Hagerty, M. O'Donoghue, K. Pannier, and B. Kelly for field and laboratory assistance. We also thank J. S. Caplan for feedback on the manuscript. The field study was supported by the USGS Global Change Research Program (cooperative agreement 06ERAG0011), the US Department of Energy (DE-FG02-97ER62458), US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Coastal Center of the National Institute of Climate Change Research at Tulane University, the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Research Environmental Biology program (DEB-0950080, DEB-1457100, & DEB-1557009), Maryland Sea Grant (SA7528082 & SA7528114-WW), Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program, and the Smithsonian Institution. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 32 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2619 EP 2631 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1156-8 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500016 ER PT J AU Mozdzer, TJ Langley, JA Mueller, P Megonigal, JP AF Mozdzer, Thomas J. Langley, J. Adam Mueller, Peter Megonigal, J. Patrick TI Deep rooting and global change facilitate spread of invasive grass (vol 22, pg 404, 2016) SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Correction C1 [Mozdzer, Thomas J.] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, 101 N,Mer Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. [Langley, J. Adam] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, 800 E,Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Mueller, Peter] Univ Hamburg, Bioctr Klein Flottbek, Appl Plant Ecol, Ohnhorststr 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. [Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647,Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Mozdzer, TJ (reprint author), Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, 101 N,Mer Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. EM tmozdzer@brynmawr.edu OI Mozdzer, Thomas/0000-0002-1053-0967 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2633 EP 2633 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1242-y PG 1 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500017 ER PT J AU Mueller, P Hager, RN Meschter, JE Mozdzer, TJ Langley, JA Jensen, K Megonigal, JP AF Mueller, Peter Hager, Rachel N. Meschter, Justin E. Mozdzer, Thomas J. Langley, J. Adam Jensen, Kai Megonigal, J. Patrick TI Complex invader-ecosystem interactions and seasonality mediate the impact of non-native Phragmites on CH4 emissions SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Phragmites; Methane emissions; Spartina patens; Blue carbon; Tidal wetlands ID COASTAL SALT-MARSH; RADIAL OXYGEN LOSS; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; METHANE EMISSIONS; TIDAL MARSH; AUSTRALIS; WETLANDS; INVASION; VEGETATION; CARBON AB Invasive plants can influence ecosystem processes such as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wetland systems directly through plant-mediated transfer of GHGs to the atmosphere or through indirect modification of the environment. However, patterns of plant invasion often co-vary with other environmental gradients, so attributing ecosystem effects to invasion can be difficult in observational studies. Here, we assessed the impact of Phragmites australis invasion into native shortgrass communities on methane (CH4) emissions by conducting field measurements of CH4 emissions along transects of invasion by Phragmites in two neighboring brackish marsh sites and compared these findings to those from a field-based mesocosm experiment. We found remarkable differences in CH4 emissions and the influence of Phragmites on CH4 emissions between the two neighboring marsh sites. While Phragmites consistently increased CH4 emissions dramatically by 10.4 +/- 3.7 mu mol m(-2) min(-1) (mean +/- SE) in our high-porewater CH4 site, increases in CH4 emissions were much smaller (1.4 +/- 0.5 mu mol m(-2) min(-1)) and rarely significant in our low-porewater CH4 site. While CH4 emissions in Phragmites-invaded zones of both marsh sites increased significantly, the presence of Phragmites did not alter emissions in a complementary mesocosm experiment. Seasonality and changes in temperature and light availability caused contrasting responses of CH4 emissions from Phragmites- versus native zones. Our data suggest that Phragmites-mediated CH4 emissions are particularly profound in soils with innately high rates of CH4 production. We demonstrate that the effects of invasive species on ecosystem processes such as GHG emissions may be predictable qualitatively but highly variable quantitatively. Therefore, generalizations cannot be made with respect to invader-ecosystem processes, as interactions between the invader and local abiotic conditions that vary both spatially and temporally on the order of meters and hours, respectively, can have a stronger impact on GHG emissions than the invader itself. C1 [Mueller, Peter; Jensen, Kai] Univ Hamburg, Appl Plant Ecol, Bioctr Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststr 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. [Hager, Rachel N.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hager, Rachel N.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Meschter, Justin E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meschter, Justin E.; Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Hager, Rachel N.; Mozdzer, Thomas J.] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, 101 N Mer Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. [Langley, J. Adam] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. RP Mueller, P (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Appl Plant Ecol, Bioctr Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststr 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. EM peter.mueller@uni-hamburg.de RI Jensen, Kai/L-6657-2015 FU Bryn Mawr College; Smithsonian Institution's Graduate Student Fellowship Program; University of Hamburg; Maryland Sea Grant Fellowship Program; Student Research Grant Program of the Society of Wetland Scientists; Howard Hughes Medical Institute Science Horizons Internship; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center FX We thank J. Duls, A. Peresta, G. Peresta, J. Hays, E. Hazelton, J. Caplan, J. Shapiro, B. Bernal, F. Leech, C. Bauer, E. Geoghegan, L. Aoki, S. Pitz and K. Pannier for their help with field and lab work. Further, we want to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments that greatly improved our manuscript. Financial support was provided to P. Mueller through the Smithsonian Institution's Graduate Student Fellowship Program and the University of Hamburg. Financial support was provided to J. Meschter through the Maryland Sea Grant Fellowship Program. The field study was supported by the Student Research Grant Program of the Society of Wetland Scientists provided to P. Mueller, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Science Horizons Internship provided to R. Hager, the Bryn Mawr College, and the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. Funding for the lab work was provided by Bryn Mawr College. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 17 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2635 EP 2647 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1093-6 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500018 ER PT J AU Sciance, MB Patrick, CJ Weller, DE Williams, MN McCormick, MK Hazelton, ELG AF Sciance, M. Benjamin Patrick, Christopher J. Weller, Donald E. Williams, Meghan N. McCormick, Melissa K. Hazelton, Eric L. G. TI Local and regional disturbances associated with the invasion of Chesapeake Bay marshes by the common reed Phragmites australis SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Phragmites australis; Land use; Subestuary; Shoreline armoring; Invasion; Disturbance ID LAND-USE; SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; TIDAL WETLANDS; RANDOM FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; EUTROPHICATION; ESTUARINE; WATERSHEDS AB The invasion of wetlands by Phragmites australis is a conservation concern across North America. We used the invasion of Chesapeake Bay wetlands by P. australis as a model system to examine the effects of regional and local stressors on plant invasions. We summarized digital maps of the distributions of P. australis and of potential stressors (especially human land use and shoreline armoring) at two spatial scales: for 72 subestuaries of the bay and their local watersheds and for thousands of 500 m shoreline segments. We developed statistical models that use the stressor variables to predict P. australis prevalence (% of shoreline occupied) in subestuaries and its presence or absence in 500 m segments of shoreline. The prevalence of agriculture was the strongest and most consistent predictor of P. australis presence and abundance in Chesapeake Bay, because P. australis can exploit the resulting elevated nutrient levels to enhance its establishment, growth, and seed production. Phragmites australis was also positively associated with riprapped shoreline, probably because it creates disturbances that provide colonization opportunities. The P. australis invasion was less severe in areas with greater forested land cover and natural shorelines. Surprisingly, invasion was low in highly developed watersheds and highest along shorelines with intermediate levels of residential land use, possibly indicating that highly disturbed systems are uninhabitable even to invasive species. Management strategies that reduce nutrient pollution, preserve natural shorelines, and limit nearshore disturbance of soils and vegetation may enhance the resilience of shorelines to invasion. C1 [Sciance, M. Benjamin; Patrick, Christopher J.; Weller, Donald E.; Williams, Meghan N.; McCormick, Melissa K.; Hazelton, Eric L. G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Sciance, M. Benjamin] Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Dept Geog & Geol, 601 S Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Hazelton, Eric L. G.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5205 Old Main Hill NR 314, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hazelton, Eric L. G.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5205 Old Main Hill NR 314, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Patrick, Christopher J.] Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Dept Life Sci, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. RP Weller, DE (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM sciancemb@gmail.com; Christopher.Patrick@tamucc.edu; wellerd@si.edu; williamsme@si.edu; mccormickm@si.edu; eric@hazelton-ecological.com RI Hazelton, Eric/D-6599-2014; OI Hazelton, Eric/0000-0002-1205-8096; Weller, Donald/0000-0002-7629-5437; Williams, Meghan/0000-0003-1224-753X FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR) [NA09NOS4780214] FX We thank the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences, the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, and the Chesapeake Bay Program for providing data used in our analysis. This work was supported by award number NA09NOS4780214 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR). NR 83 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 23 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD SEP PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 SI SI BP 2661 EP 2677 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1136-z PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU3UA UT WOS:000382136500020 ER PT J AU Jander, KC Dafoe, A Herre, EA AF Jander, K. C. Dafoe, A. Herre, E. A. TI Fitness reduction for uncooperative fig wasps through reduced offspring size: a third component of host sanctions SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agaonidae; co-evolution; cooperation; Ficus; fig wasp; insect size; mutualism; partner choice; pollination; resource allocation; sanctions; species interaction ID BODY-SIZE; POLLINATOR MUTUALISM; EVOLUTION; COOPERATION; INSECT; PLANT; STABILITY; RHIZOBIA; ECOLOGY; COEVOLUTION AB Mutually beneficial interactions between two species-mutualisms-are ancient, diverse, and of fundamental ecological importance. Nonetheless, factors that prevent one partner from reaping the benefits of the interaction without paying the cost are still poorly understood. Fig trees and their unique pollinators, fig wasps, present a powerful model system for studying mutualism stability. Both partners depend completely on each other for reproduction, cooperation levels can be manipulated, and the resulting field-based fitness quantified. Previous work has shown that fig trees can impose two types of host sanctions that reduce the fitness of wasps that do not pollinate: (1) fig abortion, which kills all developing larvae, and (2) reduced number of wasp offspring in figs that are not aborted. Here we demonstrate a third component of host sanctions. Through manipulative field experiments, we show that for four of five studied species, offspring of pollen-free foundresses are only 50-90% the size of offspring of pollinating foundresses. We further show that in all four studied species, smaller wasps are less likely to reach and enter a flowering fig to become foundresses themselves. Therefore, the experimentally determined size reduction of offspring is estimated to cause an additional reduction of up to 80% in fitness for a pollen-free foundress. We determine that the size reduction of pollen-free offspring acts on the level of the entire fig fruit rather than on individual flowers. These results show that estimates of the fitness effect of host sanctions on uncooperative symbionts should consider not only offspring quantity but also offspring quality. We discuss implications beyond the fig tree-fig wasp mutualism. C1 [Jander, K. C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jander, K. C.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Jander, K. C.; Herre, E. A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 9100, Box 0948,DPO AA 34002-9998, Miami, FL 34002 USA. [Dafoe, A.] Yale Univ, Dept Polit Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Jander, KC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Jander, KC (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.; Jander, KC (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 9100, Box 0948,DPO AA 34002-9998, Miami, FL 34002 USA. EM cjander@oeb.harvard.edu FU Yale University; Wenner-Gren Foundations; STRI FX We thank Lena Berg, Daniel Castle, Ethan Cheng, Adalberto Gomez, Tiffany Hsu, Bonnie Lau, Maritza Lopez, and Ara Vehian for assistance with work in the field and laboratory, and David Holway and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and suggestions. We thank Yale University and the Wenner-Gren Foundations for funding (KCJ), and STRI for funding (KCJ, AEH) and for maintaining the research site that made this study possible. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 44 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD SEP PY 2016 VL 97 IS 9 BP 2491 EP 2500 DI 10.1002/ecy.1471 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU9HK UT WOS:000382527100031 PM 27859079 ER PT J AU Fortunel, C Valencia, R Wright, SJ Garwood, NC Kraft, NJB AF Fortunel, Claire Valencia, Renato Wright, S. Joseph Garwood, Nancy C. Kraft, Nathan J. B. TI Functional trait differences influence neighbourhood interactions in a hyperdiverse Amazonian forest SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Forest dynamics; growth model; phylogenetic relatedness; spatial interactions; trait hierarchy; trait similarity; tropical forests ID BORNEAN RAIN-FOREST; TROPICAL FORESTS; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; SEEDLING MORTALITY; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; RADIAL VARIATION; TREE COMMUNITY; NEUTRAL-THEORY; TRADE-OFF AB As distinct community assembly processes can produce similar community patterns, assessing the ecological mechanisms promoting coexistence in hyperdiverse rainforests remains a considerable challenge. We use spatially explicit neighbourhood models of tree growth to quantify how functional trait and phylogenetic similarities predict variation in growth and crowding effects for the 315 most abundant tree species in a 25-ha lowland rainforest plot in Ecuador. We find that functional trait differences reflect variation in (1) species maximum potential growth, (2) the intensity of interspecific interactions for some species, and (3) species sensitivity to neighbours. We find that neighbours influenced tree growth in 28% of the 315 focal tree species. Neighbourhood effects are not detected in the remaining 72%, which may reflect the low statistical power to model rare taxa and/or species insensitivity to neighbours. Our results highlight the spectrum of ways in which functional trait differences can shape community dynamics in highly diverse rainforests. C1 [Fortunel, Claire; Kraft, Nathan J. B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Valencia, Renato] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Ciencias Biol, Lab Ecol Plantas, Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador. [Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. [Garwood, Nancy C.] Southern Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Fortunel, Claire; Kraft, Nathan J. B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Fortunel, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM cl.fortunel@gmail.com RI Kraft, Nathan/A-2817-2012; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013 OI Kraft, Nathan/0000-0001-8867-7806; Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676 FU Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador; Mellon Family Foundation; NSF; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Government of Ecuador (through Donaciones del Impuesto a la Renta); NSF [DEB-0614525, DEB-1122634, DEB-1456246] FX We are grateful to everyone who has contributed to the Yasuni FDP project, in particular M. Zambrano, P. Alvia, W. Loor, A. Loor, J. Suarez, G. Grefa and J. Suarez. We thank C. Hernandez for data management and A. Perez for helping with species identification. We thank V. Persson and M. Zambrano for help weighing seeds. We thank the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, the Mellon Family Foundation, NSF, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and The Government of Ecuador (through Donaciones del Impuesto a la Renta) for funding the forest census efforts. Collection of seed mass was supported by NSF grants DEB-0614525 and DEB-1122634. We thank the Division of Information Technology at the University of Maryland, College Park, for access and support to the Deepthought2 HPC cluster. N. Kraft was partially supported by NSF DEB-1456246. This manuscript was improved by suggestions from M. Uriarte, J. Lasky, L. Chen, G. Kandlikar, I. MacFadden, M. Vaz, and three anonymous reviewers. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 26 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1062 EP 1070 DI 10.1111/ele.12642 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU9MT UT WOS:000382542500006 PM 27358248 ER PT J AU Lebrija-Trejos, E Reich, PB Hernandez, A Wright, SJ AF Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin Reich, Peter B. Hernandez, Andres Wright, S. Joseph TI Species with greater seed mass are more tolerant of conspecific neighbours: a key driver of early survival and future abundances in a tropical forest SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Conspecific; density dependence; functional traits; growth-survival trade-off; heterospecific; niche differentiation; seed mass; seedling survival; seed-size-seed-number trade-off; tolerance-fecundity trade-off ID DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; SHADE TOLERANCE; INTERSPECIFIC VARIATION; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; PLANT DIVERSITY; LEAF TOUGHNESS; TREE SEEDLINGS; RAIN-FOREST AB Multiple niche-based processes including conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD) determine plant regeneration and community structure. We ask how interspecific and intraspecific density-dependent interactions relate to plant life histories and associated functional traits. Using hierarchical models, we analysed how such interactions affected first-year survival of seedling recruits of 175 species in a tropical forest, and how species abundances and functional traits are related to interspecific variation in density-dependent effects. Conspecific seedling neighbour effects prevailed over the effects of larger conspecific and all heterospecific neighbours. Tolerance of seedling CNDD enhanced recruit survival and subsequent abundance, all of which were greater among larger seeded, slow-growing and well-defended species. Niche differentiation along the growth-survival trade-off and tolerance of seedling CNDD strongly correlated with regeneration success, with manifest consequences for community structure. The ability of larger seeded species to better tolerate CNDD suggests a novel mechanism for CNDD to contribute to seed-size variation and promote species coexistence through a tolerance-fecundity trade-off. C1 [Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin] Univ Haifa, Dept Biol & Environm, Tivon, Israel. [Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave North, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin; Hernandez, Andres; Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia. RP Lebrija-Trejos, E (reprint author), Univ Haifa, Dept Biol & Environm, Tivon, Israel.; Lebrija-Trejos, E (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave North, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.; Lebrija-Trejos, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM elebrija@gmail.com RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013 OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676 FU Smithsonian Institution Forest Global Earth Observatory; Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota; SNI, SENACYT, Panama; NSF [DEB-1046113]; U.S. National Science Foundation FX E. Lebrija-Trejos was supported by a post-doctoral fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution Forest Global Earth Observatory and a Discovery Grant from the Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota. ELT acknowledges further support from SNI, SENACYT, Panama. We are grateful for computing resources and technical support from the University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute (MSI). ELT thanks Brad Carlin and Harrison Quick for comments on the Bayesian models and Kirk Wythers and Shuxia Zhang for helping with submission of scripts to the MSI cluster. Analyses were facilitated by workshops sponsored by NSF grant DEB-1046113 to S. Davies. We further thank Natalia Norden and two anonymous reviewers for their comments, which helped us to improve the manuscript. The BCI forest dynamics research project was founded by S.P. Hubbell and R.B. Foster and is now managed by R. Condit, S. Lao, and R. Perez of the Center for Tropical Forest Science and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Numerous organisations provided funding, principally the U.S. National Science Foundation, and hundreds of field workers have contributed. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 30 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1071 EP 1080 DI 10.1111/ele.12643 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU9MT UT WOS:000382542500007 PM 27346439 ER PT J AU Chen, H Burnett, RT Copes, R Kwong, JC Villeneuve, PJ Goldberg, MS Brook, RD van Donkelaar, A Jerrett, M Martin, RV Brook, JR Kopp, A Tu, JV AF Chen, Hong Burnett, Richard T. Copes, Ray Kwong, Jeffrey C. Villeneuve, Paul J. Goldberg, Mark S. Brook, Robert D. van Donkelaar, Aaron Jerrett, Michael Martin, Randall V. Brook, Jeffrey R. Kopp, Alexander Tu, Jack V. TI Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Mortality among Survivors of Myocardial Infarction: Population-Based Cohort Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; AIR-POLLUTION; HEART-DISEASE; GLOBAL BURDEN; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; RISK; EVENTS; CANADA; CITIES AB BACKGROUND: Survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are at increased risk of dying within several hours to days following exposure to elevated levels of ambient air pollution. Little is known, however, about the influence of long-term (months to years) air pollution exposure on survival after AMI. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a population-based cohort study to determine the impact of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter <= 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM2.5) on post-AMI survival. METHODS: We assembled a cohort of 8,873 AMI patients who were admitted to 1 of 86 hospital corporations across Ontario, Canada in 1999-2001. Mortality follow-up for this cohort extended through 2011. Cumulative time-weighted exposures to PM2.5 were derived from satellite observations based on participants' annual residences during follow-up. We used standard and multilevel spatial random-effects Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Between 1999 and 2011, we identified 4,016 nonaccidental deaths, of which 2,147 were from any cardiovascular disease, 1,650 from ischemic heart disease, and 675 from AMI. For each 10-mu g/m(3) increase in PM2.5, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR10) of nonaccidental mortality was 1.22 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.45]. The association with PM2.5 was robust to sensitivity analyses and appeared stronger for cardiovascular-related mortality: ischemic heart (HR10 = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.83) and AMI (HR10 = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.40). We estimated that 12.4% of nonaccidental deaths (or 497 deaths) could have been averted if the lowest measured concentration in an urban area (4 mu g/m(3)) had been achieved at all locations over the course of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term air pollution exposure adversely affects the survival of AMI patients. C1 [Chen, Hong; Copes, Ray; Kwong, Jeffrey C.] Publ Hlth Ontario, 480 Univ Ave,Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada. [Chen, Hong; Copes, Ray; Kwong, Jeffrey C.; Villeneuve, Paul J.; Tu, Jack V.] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Chen, Hong; Kwong, Jeffrey C.; Kopp, Alexander; Tu, Jack V.] Inst Clin Evaluat Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Burnett, Richard T.] Hlth Canada, Populat Studies Div, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Kwong, Jeffrey C.] Univ Toronto, Dept Family & Community Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Villeneuve, Paul J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Goldberg, Mark S.] McGill Univ, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Goldberg, Mark S.] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Div Clin Epidemiol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Brook, Robert D.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [van Donkelaar, Aaron; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Jerrett, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brook, Jeffrey R.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Tu, Jack V.] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Schulich Heart Ctr, Div Cardiol, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Publ Hlth Ontario, 480 Univ Ave,Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada. EM hong.chen@oahpp.ca OI jerrett, michael/0000-0002-4121-0587 FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research team grant in cardiovascular outcomes research [CTP 79847]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Interdisciplinary Health Research Team grant [CRT43823]; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research operating grant [MOP133463] FX The Enhanced Feedback For Effective Cardiac Treatment (EFFECT) study was supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research team grant in cardiovascular outcomes research to the Canadian Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Team (grant number CTP 79847); it was initially funded by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Interdisciplinary Health Research Team grant (grant number CRT43823) and a grant from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. The present work was supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research operating grant (grant number MOP133463). NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 124 IS 9 BP 1421 EP 1428 DI 10.1289/EHP185 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DU9IM UT WOS:000382530200022 PM 27152932 ER PT J AU Baczynski, AA McInerney, FA Wing, SL Kraus, MJ Morse, PE Bloch, JI Chung, AH Freeman, KH AF Baczynski, Allison A. McInerney, Francesca A. Wing, Scott L. Kraus, Mary J. Morse, Paul E. Bloch, Jonathan I. Chung, Angela H. Freeman, Katherine H. TI Distortion of carbon isotope excursion in bulk soil organic matter during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID WAIPAOA SEDIMENTARY SYSTEM; DELTA-D VALUES; BIGHORN BASIN; N-ALKANES; HYDROGEN; CLIMATE; PLANTS; FRACTIONATION; TERRESTRIAL; BOUNDARY AB The Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum was a period of abrupt, transient global warming, fueled by a large release of C-13-depleted carbon and marked globally by a negative carbon isotope excursion. While the carbon isotope excursion is often identified in the carbon isotope ratios of bulk soil organic matter (delta C-13(org)), these records can be biased by factors associated with production, degradation, and sources of sedimentary carbon input. To better understand these factors, we compared delta C-13(org) values from Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum rocks in the southeastern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, with those derived from leaf wax n-alkanes (delta C-13(n-alk)). While both delta C-13(n-alk) and delta C-13(org) records indicate an abrupt, negative shift in delta C-13-values, the carbon isotope excursions observed in bulk organic matter are smaller in magnitude and shorter in duration than those in n-alkanes. To explore these discrepancies, we modeled predicted total plant tissue carbon isotope (delta C-13(TT)) curves from the delta C-13(n-alk) record using enrichment factors determined in modern C-3 plants. Measured delta C-13(org) values are enriched in C-13 relative to predicted delta C-13(TT), with greater enrichment during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum than before or after. The greater C-13 enrichment could reflect increased degradation of autochthonous organic-matter, increased input of alloch-thonous fossil carbon enriched in C-13, or both. By comparing samples from organic-rich and organic-poor depositional environments, we infer that microbial degradation rates doubled during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum, and we calculate that fossil carbon input increased similar to 28%-63%. This approach to untangling the controls on the isotopic composition of bulk soil carbon is an important development that will inform not only future studies of global carbon cycle dynamics during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum hyperthermal event, but also any study that seeks to correlate or estimate duration and magnitude of past events using soil organic carbon. C1 [Baczynski, Allison A.; McInerney, Francesca A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [McInerney, Francesca A.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Earth Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [McInerney, Francesca A.] Univ Adelaide, Sprigg Geobiol Ctr, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Wing, Scott L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, NHB121,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Kraus, Mary J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Morse, Paul E.; Bloch, Jonathan I.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Morse, Paul E.] Univ Florida, Dept Anthropol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Baczynski, Allison A.; Chung, Angela H.; Freeman, Katherine H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, Deike Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Baczynski, AA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Baczynski, AA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, Deike Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM aab27@psu.edu RI Kraus, Mary/C-3323-2008; McInerney, Francesca/B-7894-2009; OI Kraus, Mary/0000-0002-1721-2566; McInerney, Francesca/0000-0002-2020-6650; Bloch, Jonathan/0000-0003-1484-6931 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0720268, EAR-0958717, EAR-0717892, EAR-0718740, EAR-0640076, EAR-0719941]; Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern; Australian Research Council [FT110100793, DP13014314] FX We thank Doug Boyer for his tremendous effort tracing beds and compiling geographic information system data throughout the field area over the past decade that have contributed to the stratigraphy that ties these data together. We are grateful to D. Walizer, A. Henderson, and H. Graham for instrument assistance at Pennsylvania State University; J. Ehleringer, B. Tipple, M. Berke, and B. Hambach for instrument time and assistance in the SIRFER laboratory, University of Utah; R. Leder and A. Muller for their assistance identifying shark specimens; and the many students and volunteers who helped with field work and laboratory work. Many thanks go to N. Blair and B. Sageman for comments and suggestions on early drafts of this manuscript. We also thank three anonymous reviewers and the editors for their constructive comments that greatly improved this manuscript. Vertebrate fossils were collected under Bureau of Land Management permits to Bloch (PA04-WY-113, PA10-WY-185). Funding was provided by National Science Foundation awards EAR-0720268 (McInerney), EAR-0958717 (McInerney), EAR-0717892 (Wing), EAR-0718740 (Kraus), EAR-0640076 (Bloch, Krigbaum, Secord), EAR-0719941 (Bloch), Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (McInerney), and Australian Research Council FT110100793 (McInerney) and DP13014314 (McInerney). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0016-7606 EI 1943-2674 J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 128 IS 9-10 BP 1352 EP 1366 DI 10.1130/B31389.1 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DU9FG UT WOS:000382521100003 ER PT J AU Alfano, N Michaux, J Morand, S Aplin, K Tsangaras, K Lober, U Fabre, PH Fitriana, Y Semiadi, G Ishida, Y Helgen, KM Roca, AL Eiden, MV Greenwood, AD AF Alfano, Niccolo Michaux, Johan Morand, Serge Aplin, Ken Tsangaras, Kyriakos Lober, Ulrike Fabre, Pierre-Henri Fitriana, Yuli Semiadi, Gono Ishida, Yasuko Helgen, Kristofer M. Roca, Alfred L. Eiden, Maribeth V. Greenwood, Alex D. TI Endogenous Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus Identified in a Rodent (Melomys burtoni subsp.) from Wallacea (Indonesia) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID C-TYPE VIRUS; KOALA RETROVIRUS; HAMSTER-CELLS; MUS-CAROLI; RECEPTOR; SEQUENCE; INFECTION; RATES; GAMMARETROVIRUSES; TRANSMISSION AB Gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV) and koala retrovirus (KoRV) most likely originated from a cross-species transmission of an ancestral retrovirus into koalas and gibbons via one or more intermediate as-yet-unknown hosts. A virus highly similar to GALV has been identified in an Australian native rodent (Melomys burtoni) after extensive screening of Australian wildlife. GALV-like viruses have also been discovered in several Southeast Asian species, although screening has not been extensive and viruses discovered to date are only distantly related to GALV. We therefore screened 26 Southeast Asian rodent species for KoRV- and GALV-like sequences, using hybridization capture and high-throughput sequencing, in the attempt to identify potential GALV and KoRV hosts. Only the individuals belonging to a newly discovered subspecies of Melomys burtoni from Indonesia were positive, yielding an endogenous provirus very closely related to a strain of GALV. The sequence of the critical receptor domain for GALV infection in the Indonesian M. burtoni subsp. was consistent with the susceptibility of the species to GALV infection. The second record of a GALV in M. burtoni provides further evidence that M. burtoni, and potentially other lineages within the widespread subfamily Murinae, may play a role in the spread of GALV-like viruses. The discovery of a GALV in the most western part of the Australo-Papuan distribution of M. burtoni, specifically in a transitional zone between Asia and Australia (Wallacea), may be relevant to the cross-species transmission to gibbons in Southeast Asia and broadens the known distribution of GALVs in wild rodents. IMPORTANCE Gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV) and the koala retrovirus (KoRV) are very closely related, yet their hosts neither are closely related nor overlap geographically. Direct cross-species infection between koalas and gibbons is unlikely. Therefore, GALV and KoRV may have arisen via a cross-species transfer from an intermediate host whose range overlaps those of both gibbons and koalas. Using hybridization capture and high-throughput sequencing, we have screened a wide range of rodent candidate hosts from Southeast Asia for KoRV- and GALV-like sequences. Only a Melomys burtoni subspecies from Wallacea (Indonesia) was positive for GALV. We report the genome sequence of this newly identified GALV, the critical domain for infection of its potential cellular receptor, and its phylogenetic relationships with the other previously characterized GALVs. We hypothesize that Melomys burtoni, and potentially related lineages with an Australo-Papuan distribution, may have played a key role in cross-species transmission to other taxa. C1 [Alfano, Niccolo; Tsangaras, Kyriakos; Lober, Ulrike; Greenwood, Alex D.] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Berlin, Germany. [Michaux, Johan] Univ Liege, Conservat Genet Unit, Inst Bot, Liege, Belgium. [Michaux, Johan] CIRAD, Campus Int Baillarguet, Montpellier, France. [Morand, Serge] Ctr Infectiol Christophe Merieux Laos, CIRAD CNRS, Viangchan, Laos. [Aplin, Ken; Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Helgen, Kristofer M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Fabre, Pierre-Henri] Univ Montpellier, ISEM, UM2, IRD,CNRS,UMR 5554, Montpellier, France. [Fitriana, Yuli; Semiadi, Gono] Indonesian Inst Sci LIPI, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Biol Res Ctr, Cibinong, Indonesia. [Ishida, Yasuko; Roca, Alfred L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Eiden, Maribeth V.] NIMH, Sect Directed Gene Transfer, Lab Cellular & Mol Regulat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Greenwood, Alex D.] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Vet Med, Berlin, Germany. [Tsangaras, Kyriakos] Cyprus Inst Neurol & Genet, Nicosia, Cyprus. RP Greenwood, AD (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Berlin, Germany.; Greenwood, AD (reprint author), Free Univ Berlin, Dept Vet Med, Berlin, Germany. EM greenwood@izw-berlin.de FU HHS \ NIH \ National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R01GM092706]; HHS \ NIH \ National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [ZIAMH002592]; International Max Planck Research School for Infectious Diseases and Immunology (IMPRS-IDI) at the Interdisciplinary Center of Infection Biology and Immunity (ZIBI) of Humboldt University Berlin (HU); Marie Curie Fellowship [PIOF-GA-2012-330582-CANARIP-RAT]; Center for Macroecology Evolution and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark FX This work, including the efforts of Yasuko Ishida, Kristofer Helgen, Alfred Roca, and Alex David Greenwood, was funded by HHS vertical bar NIH vertical bar National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) (R01GM092706). This work, including the efforts of Maribeth Eiden, was funded by HHS vertical bar NIH vertical bar National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (ZIAMH002592). Niccolo Alfano was supported by the International Max Planck Research School for Infectious Diseases and Immunology (IMPRS-IDI) at the Interdisciplinary Center of Infection Biology and Immunity (ZIBI) of Humboldt University Berlin (HU). Pierre-Henri Fabre was funded by a Marie Curie Fellowship (PIOF-GA-2012-330582-CANARIP-RAT). He also acknowledges Carsten Rahbek (Center for Macroecology Evolution and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark) for generously funding part of his recent field research in the Moluccas. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 90 IS 18 BP 8169 EP 8180 DI 10.1128/JVI.00723-16 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA DU6HD UT WOS:000382314100013 PM 27384662 ER PT J AU Panyaboriban, S Singh, RP Songsasen, N Padilla, L Brown, J Reed, D Techakumphu, M Pukazhenthi, B AF Panyaboriban, Saritvich Singh, Ram P. Songsasen, Nucharin Padilla, Luis Brown, Janine Reed, Dolores Techakumphu, Mongkol Pukazhenthi, Budhan TI Reproductive seasonality and sperm cryopreservation in the male tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus) SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cervid; Testosterone; Semen; Cryodiluents; CASA ID IBERIAN RED DEER; CERVUS-ELAPHUS-HISPANICUS; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; GENETIC RESOURCE BANKS; MALE FALLOW DEER; ROE DEER; ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; SEMEN CRYOPRESERVATION; CYTOPLASMIC DROPLETS; DAMA-DAMA AB The tufted deer is a small deer, listed as near threatened on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, and there is no information on the fundamental reproductive biology of this species. In this study, we report for the first time, characterization of male reproductive traits and cryopreservation of semen in this species. Males were subjected to electroejaculation during each season (autumn, winter, spring, and summer), and ejaculates were assessed for motility and quality traits. Fecal samples were collected 3 to 5 times weekly for 2 years and analyzed for androgen metabolites using enzyme immunoassay. Ejaculates with greater than 70% motility were cryopreserved using Beltsville extender (BF5F) or Triladyl. Straws were thawed and assessed subjectively as well as swim-up processed to isolate motile spermatozoa for computer-assisted sperm analysis and acrosome integrity at hourly interval. Tufted deer male reproductive and semen traits peaked in autumn. Mean fecal androgen concentrations were highest in the summer compared with baseline values during rest of the year. Sperm motility and acrosome integrity were lower immediately after thawing in both cryodiluents compared with raw ejaculates. Motility characteristics after swim-up were higher in BF5F compared with Triladyl. Four hours after thawing, both percent sperm motility and progression decreased further and were similar between BF5F and Triladyl. However, the proportion of spermatozoa with intact acrosomal membranes was higher in BF5F than Triladyl. Results indicate that tufted deer exhibit seasonal variations in reproductive traits and that BF5F better preserves sperm motility and acrosomal integrity after cryopreservation compared with Triladyl. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Panyaboriban, Saritvich; Singh, Ram P.; Songsasen, Nucharin; Brown, Janine; Reed, Dolores; Pukazhenthi, Budhan] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Panyaboriban, Saritvich; Techakumphu, Mongkol] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod, Bangkok, Thailand. [Singh, Ram P.] Salim Ali Ctr Ornithol & Nat Hist, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Padilla, Luis] St Louis Zoo, St Louis, MO USA. RP Pukazhenthi, B (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM pukazhenthib@si.edu FU Sichel Endowment Fund; Royal Golden Jubilee-PhD-industrial link program, Thailand Research Fund [PHD/0365/2551]; Fulbright-Nehru grant [1942/FNPDR/2014] FX The authors thank Dr. Katharine Hope and Lisa Ware for their outstanding veterinary support. We also thank Dr. David Powell, Curator of Mammals, and the Veterinary staff of the Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, NY, for their support (providing access to collection animals and veterinary coverage). We also like to thank the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute's animal management staff (Allyson O'Neil), endocrine technician (Sarah Putman), and interns (Rebecca Bacon and Jonathan Prilubda) for their assistance with animal care and hormone analyses. Research was funded by Sichel Endowment Fund. S. Panyaboriban was supported by Royal Golden Jubilee-PhD-industrial link program, Thailand Research Fund (PHD/0365/2551). R. P. Singh was supported by the Fulbright-Nehru grant (1942/FNPDR/2014). NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X EI 1879-3231 J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 86 IS 4 BP 914 EP 923 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.014 PG 10 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA DT1JI UT WOS:000381237300002 PM 27125695 ER PT J AU Vansandt, LM Livesay, JL Dickson, MJ Li, L Pukazhenthi, BS Keefer, CL AF Vansandt, Lindsey M. Livesay, Janelle L. Dickson, Melissa Joy Li, Lei Pukazhenthi, Budhan S. Keefer, Carol L. TI Conservation of spermatogonial stem cell marker expression in undifferentiated felid spermatogonia SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spermatogonial stem cell; Domestic cat (Felis catus); Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus); Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis); Testis ID OCT-4 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; MALE GERM-LINE; DOMESTIC CAT; SELF-RENEWAL; PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS; TERATOSPERMIC DONORS; TESTICULAR TISSUE; MOUSE; CULTURE; PROTEIN AB Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are distinct in their ability to self-renew, transmit genetic information, and persist throughout the life of an individual. These characteristics make SSCs a useful tool for addressing diverse challenges such as efficient transgenic production in nonrodent, biomedical animal models, or preservation of the male genome for species in which survival of frozen-thawed sperm is low. A requisite first step to access this technology in felids is the establishment of molecular markers. This study was designed to evaluate, in the domestic cat (Fells catus), the expression both in situ and following enrichment in vitro of six genes (GFRA1, GPR125, ZB7B16, POU5F1, THY1, and UCHL1) that had been previously identified as SSC markers in other species. Antibodies for surface markers glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1, G protein-coupled receptor 125, and thymus cell antigen 1 could not be validated, whereas Western blot analysis of prepubertal, peripubertal, and adult cat testis confirmed protein expression for the intracellular markers ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase 1, zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16, and POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1. Colocalization of the markers by immunohistochemistry revealed that several cells within the subpopulation adjacent to the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules and identified morphologically as spermatogonia, expressed all three intracellular markers. Studies performed on cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and Amur leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis) testis exhibited a conserved expression pattern in protein molecular weights, relative abundance, and localization of positive cells within the testis. The expression of the three intracellular SSC marker proteins in domestic and wild cat testes confirms conservation of these markers in felids. Enrichment of marker transcripts after differential plating was also observed. These markers will facilitate further studies in cell enrichment and NC of felid SSCs enabling both production of transgenic domestic cats and preservation of the male genome from rare and endangered felids. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Vansandt, Lindsey M.; Livesay, Janelle L.; Dickson, Melissa Joy; Li, Lei; Keefer, Carol L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Vansandt, Lindsey M.; Pukazhenthi, Budhan S.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. [Vansandt, Lindsey M.] Cincinnati Zoo & Bot Garden, Ctr Conservat & Res Endangered Wildlife, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Keefer, CL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ckeefer@umd.edu FU University of Maryland Smithsonian Institute Seed Grant FX The authors thank Susan McDonough, VMD and staff from Animal Birth Control, LLC; as well as the staff and volunteers of Baltimore Animal Rescue and Care Shelter for domestic cat tissue donation. The authors also thank the Smithsonian National Zoological Park and Bronx Zoo for wild fetid tissue donation. Also, authors would also like to thank Marie Iwaniuk for her invaluable assistance with statistics, Dr. Lisa Taneyhill for the use of her microscope equipment, and Dr. Ed Orlando for the use of his histology equipment and Real-Time PCR thermocycler. Funding for this project was provided by a University of Maryland Smithsonian Institute Seed Grant. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X EI 1879-3231 J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 86 IS 4 BP 1022 EP 1035 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.031 PG 14 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA DT1JI UT WOS:000381237300017 PM 27129396 ER PT J AU Nganvongpanit, K Buddhachat, K Brown, JL Klinhom, S Pitakarnnop, T Mahakkanukrauh, P AF Nganvongpanit, Korakot Buddhachat, Kittisak Brown, Janine L. Klinhom, Sarisa Pitakarnnop, Tanita Mahakkanukrauh, Pasuk TI Preliminary Study to Test the Feasibility of Sex Identification of Human (Homo sapiens) Bones Based on Differences in Elemental Profiles Determined by Handheld X-ray Fluorescence SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bone; Discrimination; Human; Mineral; Sex estimation ID LEAD; DIMORPHISM; POPULATION; VALIDATION; TISSUE; AGE; MICROSTRUCTURE; CONTAMINATION; OSTEOPOROSIS; SPECTROMETRY AB Sex assignment of human remains is a crucial step in forensic anthropological studies. The aim of this study was to examine elemental differences between male and female bones using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and determine if elemental profiling could be used for sex discrimination. Cranium, humerus, and os coxae of 60 skeletons (30 male, 30 female) from the Chiang Mai University Skeletal Collection were scanned by XRF and differences in elemental profiles between male and female bones determined using discriminant analysis. In the cranium, three elements (S, Ca, Pb) were significantly higher in males and five elements (Si, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ag) plus light elements (atomic number lower than 12) were higher in females. In humerus and os coxae, nine elements were significantly higher in male and one element was higher in female samples. The accuracy rate for sex estimation was 60, 63, and 61 % for cranium, humerus, and os coxae, respectively, and 67 % when data for all three bones were combined. We conclude that there are sex differences in bone elemental profiles; however, the accuracy of XRF analyses for discriminating between male and female samples was low compared to standard morphometric and molecular methods. XRF could be used on small samples that cannot be sexed by traditional morphological methods, but more work is needed to increase the power of this technique for gender assignment. C1 [Nganvongpanit, Korakot; Buddhachat, Kittisak; Klinhom, Sarisa; Pitakarnnop, Tanita] Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Vet Biosci & Publ Hlth, Anim Bone & Joint Res Lab, Fac Vet Med, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. [Nganvongpanit, Korakot; Mahakkanukrauh, Pasuk] Chiang Mai Univ, Excellence Ctr Osteol, Res & Training Ctr, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Mahakkanukrauh, Pasuk] Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Anat, Fac Med, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. RP Nganvongpanit, K (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Vet Biosci & Publ Hlth, Anim Bone & Joint Res Lab, Fac Vet Med, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.; Nganvongpanit, K (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Excellence Ctr Osteol, Res & Training Ctr, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM korakot.n@cmu.ac.th; k_buddhachat@yahoo.com; BrownJan@si.edu; yui.sarisarisa@gmail.com; nutsume08@gmail.com; pmahanka@mail.med.cmu.ac.th FU Chiang Mai University (CMU) FX Authors are grateful for the research funding from the Chiang Mai University (CMU) through the research administration office which provided the budget to our Excellence Center in Osteology Research and Training Center (ORTC), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 9 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0163-4984 EI 1559-0720 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 173 IS 1 BP 21 EP 29 DI 10.1007/s12011-016-0625-3 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DT0WA UT WOS:000381202500004 PM 26821354 ER PT J AU Arnoldi, MJ AF Arnoldi, Mary Jo TI All the World's Futures: The 55th Venice Biennale SO AFRICAN ARTS LA English DT Art Exhibit Review C1 [Arnoldi, Mary Jo] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, African Ethnol & Arts, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Arnoldi, MJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, African Ethnol & Arts, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM arnoldim@si.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA ONE ROGERS ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1209 USA SN 0001-9933 EI 1937-2108 J9 AFR ARTS JI Afr. Arts PD FAL PY 2016 VL 49 IS 3 BP 84 EP 85 PG 2 WC Art SC Art GA DS4QY UT WOS:000380767100008 ER PT J AU Bertram, SM Loranger, MJ Thomson, IR Harrison, SJ Ferguson, GL Reifer, ML Corlett, DH Gowaty, PA AF Bertram, Susan M. Loranger, Michelle J. Thomson, Ian R. Harrison, Sarah J. Ferguson, Genevieve L. Reifer, Mykell L. Corlett, Deborah H. Gowaty, Patricia Adair TI Linking mating preferences to sexually selected traits and offspring viability: good versus complementary genes hypotheses SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE compatible genes; female mating preferences; fitness; good genes hypothesis; immune gene complementarity hypothesis; indirect fitness benefits; productivity; viability ID FEMALE MATE CHOICE; CRICKET GRYLLUS-BIMACULATUS; POSTCOPULATORY INBREEDING AVOIDANCE; VARIABLE FIELD CRICKET; REPRODUCTIVE COMPENSATION; CONDITION-DEPENDENCE; LEK PARADOX; BODY-SIZE; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; PLUMAGE BRIGHTNESS AB Indirect fitness benefits hypotheses suggest that offspring of preferred mates should exhibit greater survival or reproductive success. For example, good genes hypotheses propose that female mating preferences are mediated by secondary sexual traits because they honestly reflect the ability to pass on genes that will enhance offspring survival or reproduction. Conversely, complementary genes hypotheses propose that mating preferences are mediated by complementary genes because they enhance offspring viability. While these two research traditions are not strict alternatives and both may operate simultaneously, they have never been tested together. Here we explore the multiple potential underlying factors influencing mating preference evolution in Jamaican field crickets, Gryllus assimilis. After evaluating female preferences for randomly selected males, we tested whether preferred males differed from nonpreferred males in their body size, relative mass or mate attraction signals. We then mated females to their preferred or nonpreferred partners and tested offspring viability. Results revealed: (1) females preferred larger males, (2) larger females oviposited more eggs, (3) neither morphology nor mate attraction signalling explained variation in offspring viability, and (4) mating with a preferred partner did not enhance offspring viability. Overall, in our current study population, cricket mate preferences were inconsistent with complementary genes and good genes hypotheses for indirect fitness benefits. Our current research explores whether male secondary sexual traits honestly reflect the ability to pass on genes that enhance offspring reproduction. (C) 2016 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bertram, Susan M.; Loranger, Michelle J.; Thomson, Ian R.; Harrison, Sarah J.; Ferguson, Genevieve L.; Reifer, Mykell L.; Corlett, Deborah H.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, APO, AA USA. RP Bertram, SM (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. EM Sue_Bertram@carleton.ca FU Carleton University; Office of the Dean of Science; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada [327856]; NSERC; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Ontario Research Fund; National Science Foundation's Division of Integrative Organismal Systems Grant [1121797] FX We thank five anonymous referees, John Hunt and Molly Morris for their extensive comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. We thank Kathryn Dufour, Dana Kolenich, Zachary Cronk, Sarah Endenburg, Savanna Boutin, Michelle Vala and Katie Petrie for assisting with laboratory rearing, cricket care, egg counting and morphological measurements. We thank Carleton University for the Development Grant, the Office of the Dean of Science for partially supporting several Deans Summer Research Interns. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada's Discovery Grant (number 327856), NSERC Undergraduate Student Research Awards, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, and the Ontario Research Fund provided partial support for the research to S.M.B. National Science Foundation's Division of Integrative Organismal Systems Grant (number 1121797) also provided partial support for the research to P.A.G. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. NR 104 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 26 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 119 BP 75 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.06.003 PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA DT7AR UT WOS:000381637500011 ER PT J AU Blaimer, BB LaPolla, JS Branstetter, MG Lloyd, MW Brady, SG AF Blaimer, Bonnie B. LaPolla, John S. Branstetter, Michael G. Lloyd, Michael W. Brady, Sean G. TI Phylogenomics, biogeography and diversification of obligate mealybug-tending ants in the genus Acropyga SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Ultraconserved elements; UCEs; Insect systematics; Mutualism; Herding ID HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; ULTRACONSERVED ELEMENTS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; HEMIPTERA COCCOIDEA; NATURAL-HISTORY; MATING FLIGHT; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN; THOUSANDS; TAXA AB Acropyga ants are a widespread Glade of small subterranean formicines that live in obligate symbiotic associations with root mealybugs. We generated a data set of 944 loci of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) to reconstruct the phylogeny of 41 representatives of 23 Acropyga species using both concatenation and species-tree approaches. We investigated the biogeographic history of the genus through divergence dating analyses and ancestral range reconstructions. We also explored the evolution of the Acropyga-mealybug mutualism using ancestral state reconstruction methods. We recovered a highly supported species phylogeny for Acropyga with both concatenation and species-tree analyses. The age for crown-group Acropyga is estimated to be around 30 Ma. The geographic origin of the genus remains uncertain, although phylogenetic affinities within the subfamily Formicinae point to a Paleotropical ancestor. Two main Acropyga lineages are recovered with mutually exclusive distributions in the Old World and New World. Within the Old World Glade, a Palearctic and African lineage is suggested as sister to the remaining species. Ancestral state reconstructions indicate that Old World species have diversified mainly in close association with xenococcines from the genus Eumyrmococcus, although present-day associations also involve other mealybug genera. In contrast, New World Acropyga predominantly evolved with Neochavesia until a recent (10-15 Ma) switch to rhizoecid mealybug partners (genus Rhizoecus). The striking mandibular variation in Acropyga evolved most likely from a 5-toothed ancestor. Our results provide an initial evolutionary framework for extended investigations of potential co-evolutionary interactions between these ants and their mealybug partners. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Blaimer, Bonnie B.; Branstetter, Michael G.; Lloyd, Michael W.; Brady, Sean G.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [LaPolla, John S.] Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Branstetter, Michael G.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Blaimer, BB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM bonnieblaimer@gmail.com; jlapolla@towson.edu; mgbranstetter@gmail.com; lloydm@si.edu; bradys@si.edu RI Lloyd, Michael/C-8430-2017 OI Lloyd, Michael/0000-0003-1021-8129 FU NSF Grant [DEB-0743542, DEB-1354739]; Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program for Science; Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship FX This study was supported by NSF Grant DEB-0743542 (to JSL and SGB) and the Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program for Science (to SGB). BBB and MGB were partly supported by a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship and MGB was partly supported by NSF Grant DEB-1354739. We are grateful to A. Jesovnik and J. Sosa-Calvo for help with laboratory procedures. All of the laboratory and the computer work were conducted in and with the support of the L.A.B. facilities of the National Museum of Natural History. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. The following individuals kindly provided us specimens for use in this work: G. Alpert, C. Burwell, J. Delabie, D. General, M. Janda, F. Kozar, J. Longino, E. Sarnat, T. Schultz, C. Smith, and A. Wild. Images reproduced in Fig. 1 are courtesy of AntWeb (www.antweb.org) and photographers S. Hartman, W. Ericson, E. Ortega, A. Nobile and J. Sosa-Calvo; the ant image incorporated in Fig. 2 is courtesy of Alex Wild photography (www.alexanderwild.com). NR 62 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 9 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 102 BP 20 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.030 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DS2OE UT WOS:000380622600003 PM 27233441 ER PT J AU Harris, AJ Fu, CX Xiang, QY Holland, L Wen, J AF Harris, A. J. Fu, Chengxin Xiang, Qiu-Yun (Jenny) Holland, LaRinda Wen, Jun TI Testing the monophyly of Aesculus L. and Billia Peyr., woody genera of tribe Hippocastaneae of the Sapindaceae SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Aesculus; Billia; Handeliodendron; Hippocastaneae; Phylogeny; Sapindaceae ID CHLOROPLAST DNA; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; FAMILY SAPINDACEAE; SEQUENCE DATA; BIOGEOGRAPHY; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; PLANTS; MARKERS; UTILITY AB Hippocastaneae is a well-supported Glade in Sapindaceae that comprises 15+ species; 12+ in Aesculus, two in Billia, and one in Handeliodendron Rehder. The monophyly of Aesculus and Billia were widely assumed, but a recent molecular phylogenetic study of Sapindanceae used seven species of Aesculus and one each of Billia and Handeliodendron and showed that Billia and Handeliodendron were nested within Aesculus. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Aesculus and Billia are mutually monophyletic using phylogenetic analyses of seven molecular markers and 31 accessions of Hippocastaneae representing 14 species. We performed phylogenetic analyses using a dataset of concatenated genes as well as with coalescent method for constructing a species tree from individual gene trees. The analysis of seven concatenated markers and the species tree strongly supported the mutual monophyly of Aesculus and Billia. We also recovered support for the traditional arrangement of genera within Hippocastaneae: Aesculus and Billia comprising a Glade that is sister to Handeliodendron. However, the relationships among the genera remain incompletely resolved. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Harris, A. J.; Holland, LaRinda] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, 301 Phys Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Fu, Chengxin] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Xiang, Qiu-Yun (Jenny)] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, 2115 Gardner Hall,Campus Box 7612, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Holland, LaRinda] Oklahoma State Univ, Vet Clin Sci, 2065 West Farm Rd, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Harris, AJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM aj.harris@inbox.com FU NMNH; NMNH Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the Smithsonian Institution FX We gratefully acknowledge Xue Yang, a visiting scientist at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) from Kunming University, and Gabriel Johnson of the NMNH for assistance in the molecular laboratory. We are equally indebted to Yunjuan Zuo of Shanghai Chengshan Botanical Garden for her advice on our network analysis. For their assistance in obtaining plant materials for study, we sincerely thank T'ai Roulston of State Arboretum of Virginia, Shannon Smith of San Antonio Botanical Garden, Helen Smisko of Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Mark Weathington of JC Raulston Arboretum, Ari Novy and Kyle Wallick of United States Botanic Garden, Richard Olsen of United States National Arboretum, and Jan McSwain of the Morrison Oklahoma Tree Board. Sue Lutz and Melinda Peters, both of the NMNH, provided important assistance in accessioning and annotating voucher specimens. This study represents one outcome of a Smithsonian Graduate Student Fellowship at the NMNH awarded to Harris in 2014, and laboratory work for this project was partially supported by the NMNH Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the Smithsonian Institution. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 102 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.06.001 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DS2OE UT WOS:000380622600014 PM 27268715 ER PT J AU McLean, BS Jackson, DJ Cook, JA AF McLean, Bryan S. Jackson, Donavan J. Cook, Joseph A. TI Rapid divergence and gene flow at high latitudes shape the history of Holarctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Incomplete lineage sorting; Hybridization; Mitonuclear; Posterior predictive simulation; Radiation; Beringia ID SPECIES-TREE ESTIMATION; GENOME-WIDE EVIDENCE; CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; MITOCHONDRIAL CAPTURE; MAMMALIAN HIBERNATION; SPERMOPHILUS-PARRYII; HYBRIDIZATION; EVOLUTION; INTROGRESSION; POPULATIONS AB Across the animal tree of life, the prevalence and evolutionary role(s) of hybridization remain incompletely understood. Rapidly radiating clades can serve as important systems for investigating these issues; however, such groups are often characterized by additional, widespread sources of gene tree discordance (e.g., incomplete lineage sorting). In this paper, we employed a multilocus dataset, Bayesian gene tree inference, and multiple species tree reconstruction methods to infer phylogeny of Holarctic ground squirrels (Urocitellus). We tested phylogenetic hypotheses based on previous morphological, cytological and single-locus datasets, and began to parse the causes of pervasive gene tree discordance that was observed. There is widespread incomplete lineage sorting in Urocitellus, consistent with rapid diversification embedded within the larger radiation of marmotine ground squirrels. We also recovered strong support for 2 instances of mitonuclear discord due to ancient hybridization among members of the high latitude pariyii-richardsonii-elegans Glade. These results add to a growing number of documented hybridization events in ground squirrels, suggesting their radiation is a fertile system for understanding the interplay of diversification and hybridization in animal evolution. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [McLean, Bryan S.; Jackson, Donavan J.; Cook, Joseph A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, 1 Univ New Mexico,MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [McLean, Bryan S.; Jackson, Donavan J.; Cook, Joseph A.] Museum Southwestern Biol, Div Mammals, 1 Univ New Mexico,MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [McLean, Bryan S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, MRC 108,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20012 USA. RP McLean, BS (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, 1 Univ New Mexico,MSC03-2020, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM bryansmclean@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [NSF 1258010]; UNM Department of Biology; UNM Graduate and Professional Student Association; UNM Biology Graduate Student Association FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF 1258010), UNM Department of Biology (Joseph Gaudin Scholarship), UNM Graduate and Professional Student Association, and UNM Biology Graduate Student Association. The following curators provided access to important museum specimens: Kristofer Helgen (NMNH); Jim Patton, Eileen Lacey, Michael Nachman (MVZ); Eric Rickart (UMNH); Sharlene Santana (UWBM); Larry Heaney, Bruce Patterson (FMNH); Duke Rogers (MLBM); Burton Lim (ROM); John Demboski (DMNS). We acknowledge important insights of Kurt Galbreath, Kayce Bell, and additional members of the Cook Lab at UNM that significantly improved the quality of this manuscript. NR 99 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 102 BP 174 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.040 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DS2OE UT WOS:000380622600016 PM 27261251 ER PT J AU Melo, BF Sidlauskas, BL Hoekzema, K Frable, BW Vari, RP Oliveira, C AF Melo, Bruno F. Sidlauskas, Brian L. Hoekzema, Kendra Frable, Benjamin W. Vari, Richard P. Oliveira, Claudio TI Molecular phylogenetics of the Neotropical fish family Prochilodontidae (Teleostei: Characiformes) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Freshwater fishes; Multilocus analysis; South America; Systematics ID NORTHERN SOUTH-AMERICA; DNA SEQUENCES; OSTARIOPHYSI; CHARACIDAE; INFERENCE; SERRASALMIDAE; MITOCHONDRIAL; BIODIVERSITY; DETRITIVORE; DIVERSITY AB Migratory detritivores of the characiform family Prochilodontidae occur throughout the freshwaters of much of South America. Prochilodontids often form massive populations and many species achieve substantial body sizes; a combination that makes them one of the most commercially important fish groups on the continent. Their economic significance notwithstanding, prochilodontids have never been the subject of a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis. Using three mitochondrial and three nuclear loci spanning all prochilodontid species, we generated a novel phylogenetic hypothesis for the family. Our results strongly support monophyly of the family and the three included genera. A novel, highly supported placement of Ichthyoelephas sister to the Glade containing Prochilodus and Semaprochilodus diverges from a previous morphological hypothesis. Most previously hypothesized interspecific relationships are corroborated and some longstanding polytomies within Prochilodus and Semaprochilodus are resolved. The morphologically similar P. brevis, P. lacustris, P. nigricans and P. rubrotaeniatus are embedded within what is herein designated as the P. nigricans group. Species limits and distributions of these species are problematic and the group clearly merits taxonomic revision. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Melo, Bruno F.; Oliveira, Claudio] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, R Prof Dr Antonio CW Zanin S-N, BR-18618689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Melo, Bruno F.; Sidlauskas, Brian L.; Vari, Richard P.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sidlauskas, Brian L.; Hoekzema, Kendra; Frable, Benjamin W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Melo, BF (reprint author), Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, R Prof Dr Antonio CW Zanin S-N, BR-18618689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM melo@ibb.unesp.br FU NSF [DEB-1257898]; FAPESP [11/08374-1, 12/51014-9, 13/16436-2, 14/26508-3]; CNPq [40258/2014-7] FX We thank M.H. Sabaj Perez (ANSP), N.K. Lujan and J.W. Armbruster (AUM), S. Mochel and K. Swagel (FMNH), R. Covain (MHNG), R. Reina (STRI) and M. Nirchio (Universidad Tecnica de Machala) for curatorial assistance and/or loan of tissues and vouchers. Thanks to R.M.C. Castro (LIRP), F. Langeani (DZSJRP), J.L.O. Birindelli (MZUEL) and R.C. Benine (LBP) for valuable suggestions in their role as thesis committee for BFM. Thanks to L.E. Ochoa (LBP) for laboratory assistance, J. Sabino, M.L. Sarmento-Soares, M.H. Sabaj Perez and T.C. Pessali who authorized reproduction of their photographs of live prochilodontids (Fig. 1), R.M.C. Castro for extended discussion of our results in the context of his earlier work, L. Tornabene for advice on the *BEAST analysis, and J.W. Armbruster (AUM) for assistance with the identification of some vouchers. Authors were funded by NSF (DEB-1257898), FAPESP (grants 11/08374-1, 12/51014-9, 13/16436-2, 14/26508-3), and CNPq 40258/2014-7. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 102 BP 189 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.05.037 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DS2OE UT WOS:000380622600017 PM 27262428 ER PT J AU David, AT Goertler, PAL Munsch, SH Jones, BR Simenstad, CA Toft, JD Cordell, JR Howe, ER Gray, A Hannam, MP Matsubu, W Morgan, EE AF David, Aaron T. Goertler, Pascale A. L. Munsch, Stuart H. Jones, Brittany R. Simenstad, Charles A. Toft, Jason D. Cordell, Jeffery R. Howe, Emily R. Gray, Ayesha Hannam, Michael P. Matsubu, William Morgan, Erin E. TI Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors and Tidal Restoration on Terrestrial Arthropod Assemblages in West Coast North American Estuarine Wetlands SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Arthropods; Estuarine wetlands; Anthropogenic influences; Ecosystem restoration; Mixed-effects models ID CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS; INTERTIDAL SALT-MARSH; MANAGED REALIGNMENT; GRADIENT ANALYSIS; METABOLIC THEORY; GLOBAL PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; ECOLOGY; HABITAT; PLANT AB Compared to benthic and water-column invertebrate assemblages, considerably less is known about terrestrial arthropods inhabiting estuarine wetlands despite their importance to tidal wetland biodiversity and productivity. We also need to know more about how human modification of estuaries, including efforts to restore estuarine wetlands, affects these assemblages. To address this knowledge gap, we assembled data from multiple studies on terrestrial arthropod assemblages from 87 intertidal wetland sites in 13 estuaries along the west coast of North America. Arthropods were sampled between 1998 and 2013 with fallout traps deployed in wetlands for 1 to 3 days at a time. We describe patterns in the abundance and taxonomic composition of terrestrial arthropods and evaluate the relative ability of natural and anthropogenic factors to explain variation in abundance and composition. Arthropod abundance was highly variable. Vegetation assemblage, precipitation, and temperature best explained variation in arthropod abundance, while river discharge, latitude, and developed and agricultural land cover surrounding sampling sites were less important. Arthropod abundance rapidly achieved levels of reference wetlands after the restoration of tidal influence to leveed wetlands, regardless of surrounding land cover. However, arthropod assemblage composition was affected by the amount of developed land cover as well as restoration age. These results suggest that restoration of tidal influence to leveed wetlands can rapidly restore some components of estuarine wetland ecosystems but that recovery of other components will take longer and may depend on the extent of anthropogenic modification in the surrounding landscape. C1 [David, Aaron T.; Goertler, Pascale A. L.; Munsch, Stuart H.; Jones, Brittany R.; Simenstad, Charles A.; Toft, Jason D.; Cordell, Jeffery R.; Howe, Emily R.; Matsubu, William; Morgan, Erin E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gray, Ayesha] Mississippi Dept Marine Resources, Grand Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, 6005 Bayou Heron Rd, Moss Point, MS 39562 USA. [Hannam, Michael P.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP David, AT (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM aarontdavid@yahoo.com RI Hannam, Michael/M-7332-2016 OI Hannam, Michael/0000-0002-4589-5181 FU Nisqually Indian Tribe; San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station of the US Geological Survey; Kachemak Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; Sonoma County Water Agency; N.O.A.A. Northwest Fisheries Science Center; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Port of Seattle; US Army Corps of Engineers; US National Science Foundation FX The authors wish to thank the many people who collected and processed arthropod samples as part of the original studies or who were involved in developing the original studies. In particular, they thank the following: Lia Stamitiou, Mary Ramirez, Dan Bottom, Kim Jones, Trevan Cornwell, David Hering, Lisa Krenz, Sarah Spilseth, Beth Armbrust, Susan Hinton, George McCabe, Mary Austill Lott, Heather Higgins, Mark Stamey, Michael Cooksey, Danielle Potter, Sarah Heerhartz, Ben Starkhouse, Carl Young, Nissa Ferm, Coowe Walker, Steven Baird, Tammy Hoem Neher, Marshall Olin, Errin Kramer-Wilt, Erin Seghesio, Alisa Bieber, Katrina van Raay, Kenton Finkbeiner, Claire Levy, Christopher Ellings, Sayre Hodgson, Kelley Turner, Ashley Smith, Isa Woo, and John Takekawa. The authors also wish to thank the following organizations that funded or were involved with the original collections: Nisqually Indian Tribe, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station of the US Geological Survey, Kachemak Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sonoma County Water Agency, N.O.A.A. Northwest Fisheries Science Center, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Port of Seattle, and US Army Corps of Engineers. A.T. David and S.H. Munsch were supported by US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships. Finally, the authors wish to thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticism of the manuscript. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 33 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD SEP PY 2016 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1491 EP 1504 DI 10.1007/s12237-016-0091-3 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DS0EO UT WOS:000380268400014 ER PT J AU Janik, D Kral, K Adam, D Hort, L Samonil, P Unar, P Vrska, T McMahon, S AF Janik, David Kral, Kamil Adam, Dusan Hort, Libor Samonil, Pavel Unar, Pavel Vrska, Tomas McMahon, Sean TI Tree spatial patterns of Fagus sylvatica expansion over 37 years SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fagus sylvatica; Picea abies; Spatial point processes; Regeneration pattern; Disturbance regime; Gap dynamics; Forest dynamics; Competition ID ABIES L. KARST.; PICEA-ABIES; DISTURBANCE HISTORY; DECIDUOUS FOREST; MOUNTAIN FOREST; CENTRAL-EUROPE; GROWTH; TEMPERATE; DYNAMICS; MORTALITY AB Fagus sylvatica (European beech) populations in Central Europe are currently expanding their dominance in many forest types. In this study we focused on the spatio-temporal dynamics of beech recruitment as a mechanism for successful expansion. Specifically we investigated: (1) the developmental trend of the tree community composition and spatial pattern in an unmanaged Picea abies-F. sylvatica forest over 37 years, (2) the pattern of decrease in clustering along increasing tree size gradient of beech, and (3) the spatial patterns of beech regeneration in relation to gap-makers. The study was conducted in the Zofin Forest Dynamics Plot, which is part to the Smithsonian Institution's Forest Global Earth Observatory (ForestGEO) as the research plot representing European natural mixed temperate forests. To quantify these dynamics, we used the stem map of trees with DBH >= 10 cm carried out in 1975, 1997, 2008 and a census of trees with DBH >= 1 cm from 2012 to calculate recruitment, growth, mortality and, from those vital rates, population change. Various types of the pair correlation function were applied to the data to describe the tree density variability over time. Our analyses revealed a trend of increasing F. sylvatica representation at the expense of P. abies and Abies alba over the 37 years. Increased clustering of F. sylvatica trees with DBH >= 10 cm correlated with new recruits at plots where F. sylvatica replaced declining P. abies. On the other hand, the decrease in F. sylvatica clustering at some plots was likely due to strong intra-specific competition. The analysis of the spatial patterns of F. sylvatica individuals along DBH gradient 1-9 cm showed a trend of increasing clustering up to 5 m distance. F. sylvatica saplings to 4 cm of DBH were positively spatially correlated with other conspecific individuals, although at larger sizes (DBH 7-9 cm), this relationship reversed to a negative correlation. Analysis of relationships between saplings and gap-makers did not reveal a clear pattern. We concluded that without a coarse-scale disturbance capable of restructuring the community, F. sylvatica will become the only dominant tree species in this forest type. F. sylvatica gradually replaces P. abies through its space occupation strategy because its recruits are already present before a canopy disturbance. Our results indicate that F. sylvatica saplings can grow up to 4 cm DBH under a closed canopy, but require a canopy disturbance to advance to a larger size class. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Janik, David; Kral, Kamil; Adam, Dusan; Hort, Libor; Samonil, Pavel; Unar, Pavel; Vrska, Tomas] Silva Tarouca Res Inst, Dept Forest Ecol, Lidickca 25-27, Brno 60200, Czech Republic. [McMahon, Sean] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21307 USA. RP Janik, D (reprint author), Silva Tarouca Res Inst, Dept Forest Ecol, Lidickca 25-27, Brno 60200, Czech Republic. EM david.janik@vukoz.cz; kamil.kral@vukoz.cz; dusan.adam@vukoz.cz; libor.hort@vukoz.cz; pavel.samonil@vukoz.cz; pavel.unar@vukoz.cz; tomas.vrska@yukoz.cz; mcmahon@si.edu RI Kral, Kamil/E-4415-2014 FU Czech Science Foundation [P504/11/2301, P504/15-23242S]; National Science Foundation [1137366]; Smithsonian Institution's Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory (CTFS-ForestGEO) FX Thank you to all the people who participated in the field measuring. This research was funded by the Czech Science Foundation (Project Nos. P504/11/2301 and P504/15-23242S). Partial funding was from the Smithsonian Institution's Center for Tropical Forest Science - Forest Global Earth Observatory (CTFS-ForestGEO). SMM was funded by the National Science Foundation grant 1137366. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 15 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2016 VL 375 BP 134 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.017 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DR4QI UT WOS:000379886900014 ER PT J AU Zoogman, P Liu, X Chance, K Sun, QS Schaaf, C Mahr, T Wagner, T AF Zoogman, Peter Liu, Xiong Chance, Kelly Sun, Qingsong Schaaf, Crystal Mahr, Tobias Wagner, Thomas TI A climatology of visible surface reflectance spectra SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Surface reflectance; Ozone; Satellite; Retrieval; Trace gas; Albedo ID SNOW BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; RETRIEVAL; ALBEDO; LAND; NO2; PROFILE; MODIS; BRDF AB We present a high spectral resolution climatology of visible surface reflectance as a function of wavelength for use in satellite measurements of ozone and other atmospheric species. The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) instrument is planned to measure backscattered solar radiation in the 290-740 nm range, including the ultraviolet and visible Chappuis ozone bands. Observation in the weak Chappuis band takes advantage of the relative transparency of the atmosphere in the visible to achieve sensitivity to near-surface ozone. However, due to the weakness of the ozone absorption features this measurement is more sensitive to errors in visible surface reflectance, which is highly variable. We utilize reflectance measurements of individual plant, man-made, and other surface types to calculate the primary modes of variability of visible surface reflectance at a high spectral resolution, comparable to that of TEMPO (0.6 nm). Using the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Bidirection Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)/albedo product and our derived primary modes we construct a high spatial resolution climatology of wavelength-dependent surface reflectance over all viewing scenes and geometries. The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) Lambertian Equivalent Reflectance (LER) product provides complementary information over water and snow scenes. Preliminary results using this approach in multispectral ultraviolet+visible ozone retrievals from the GOME-2 instrument show significant improvement to the fitting residuals over vegetated scenes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zoogman, Peter; Liu, Xiong; Chance, Kelly] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sun, Qingsong; Schaaf, Crystal] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Mahr, Tobias; Wagner, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Chem, Mainz, Germany. RP Zoogman, P (reprint author), 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pzoogman@cfa.harvard.edu RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014; Sun, Qingsong/I-9040-2016 OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Sun, Qingsong/0000-0002-7710-2123 FU NASA [NNX13AR40G] FX This work was supported by NASA Grant NNX13AR40G. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 180 BP 39 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.04.003 PG 8 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA DP4JB UT WOS:000378461100005 ER PT J AU Ando, A AF Ando, Atsushi TI Recent contributions to the standard Albian/Cenomanian boundary chronology from Hokkaido, Japan: A review for data reintegration and numerical age recalibration SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Chronostratigraphy; Geochronology; Yezo Group; Hokkaido; Albian; Cenomanian ID CENOMANIAN PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; TERRESTRIAL ORGANIC-MATTER; WESTERN INTERIOR BASIN; CARBON ISOTOPES; TIME-SCALE; MONT RISOU; YEZO GROUP; U-PB; STAGE; STRATIGRAPHY AB The numerical age of the Albian/Cenomanian (A/C) boundary (=Early/Late Cretaceous Epoch boundary) has recently been updated using new radiometric dates from Hokkaido, Japan. Yet, an element of uncertainty still remains in the age scaling due to inaccurate chronostratigraphic contexts surrounding the tuff beds that have been geochronologically studied in the Oyubari and Soeushinai areas. To ensure stability in the Cretaceous time scale, this paper rigorously reevaluates the current status of Hokkaido A/C chronology, clarifying the limitations and making refinements via proper reintegration of published chronostratigraphic data. In the case of the Oyubari area, its A/C biostratigraphic scheme is limited by near-absence of ammonites and planktonic foraminifera at the Albian-Cenomanian transition, resulting in a large discrepancy in the proposed boundary levels based on these macro- and microfossil taxa. These problems can be solved by solid data integration aided by event- and delta C-13-sratigraphy from the adjacent Ashibetsu area, wherein the A/C boundary is well documented by the superior planktonic foraminiferal record. Based on the resultant A/C boundary redefinition for the Oyubari area in conjunction with a simple linear interpolation from two published U-Pb ages, the A/C boundary age can be independently calibrated to be 100.8 Ma [with +/- 1.4 Myr uncertainty (=analytical precision)], which is consistent with that currently in use in the Geologic Time Scale 2012 (100.5 +/- 0.4 Ma). In the case of the Soeushinai area, its chronostratigraphic framework is limited by rather complex geological structure and vertically/laterally variable lithologies. Moreover, the accuracy of geochronological data from this area is undermined by the fact that the dated tuff levels do not bracket the inferred A/C boundary. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ando, Atsushi] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012,MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ando, Atsushi] BugWare Inc, 1615 Village Sq Blvd,Suite 8, Tallahassee, FL 32309 USA. RP Ando, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012,MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Ando, A (reprint author), BugWare Inc, 1615 Village Sq Blvd,Suite 8, Tallahassee, FL 32309 USA. EM AndoA@si.edu NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 64 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2016.03.018 PG 9 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA DM7PM UT WOS:000376552500007 ER PT J AU Xing, CY Shih, CK Zhao, YY Ren, D AF Xing, Changyue Shih, Chungkun Zhao, Yunyun Ren, Dong TI New protodiplatyids (Insecta: Dermaptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of northeastern China SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Archidermaptera; New genus; New species; Insect fossil; Huangbanjigou; Liaoning ID INNER-MONGOLIA; JEHOL BIOTA; HYMENOPTERA; ECOSYSTEM; EVOLUTION; EARWIG AB A new genus Barbderma gen. nov. with a new species, Barbderma oblonguata sp. nov., and a new species, Sinoprotodiplatys ellipsoideuata sp. nov., of the family Protodiplatyidae are described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation at the Huangbanjigou Village, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, China. Both new species are assigned to Protodiplatyidae mainly based on their diagnostic characters of antenna, pronotum, tegmina, tarsi and the distinct long, slender, multi-segmented cerci. These findings of fossil Protodiplatyidae provide more evidence to confirm the existence of these basal earwigs in the Early Cretaceous. Key diagnostic characters for genera of Protodiplatyidae are compared to highlight the generic variations and similarities. Evolutionary trend of cerci morphology suggests that it is likely that the cerci were evolved from long, slender and segmented to the stout terminal forceps without segmentation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xing, Changyue; Shih, Chungkun; Zhao, Yunyun; Ren, Dong] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Insect Evolut & Environm Change, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Shih, Chungkun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ren, D (reprint author), Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Insect Evolut & Environm Change, 105 Xisanhuanbeilu, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. EM rendong@mail.cnu.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB821906]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31230065, 41272006]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT13081] FX We thank Dr. Taiping Gao and Mei Wang (College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University) for their useful advice and comments. This research was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grant 2012CB821906), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31230065, 41272006), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT13081). NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD SEP PY 2016 VL 64 BP 59 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2016.03.016 PG 8 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA DM7PM UT WOS:000376552500008 ER PT J AU Kibet, S Nyangito, M MacOpiyo, L Kenfack, D AF Kibet, Staline Nyangito, Moses MacOpiyo, Laban Kenfack, David TI Tracing innovation pathways in the management of natural and social capital on Laikipia Maasai Group Ranches, Kenya SO PASTORALISM-RESEARCH POLICY AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Group ranches; Innovations; Laikipia; Pastoralists; Socio-ecological system; Resilience ID ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; LIVESTOCK; SUBDIVISION; EXPERIENCE; ETHIOPIA AB Group ranches (GRs) were established in Kenya in the 1960s and 1970s; their objectives included the increase of pastoral land productivity and the control of land degradation. Since their establishment, GRs have evolved and new trends have emerged in resource management with significant impact on socio-ecological systems (SESs). Little is known about these changes on the GRs in Laikipia County. The central thesis for this study was that GR-level-driven and/or collective action innovations are socio-ecologically more resilient compared to household/ individual-level strategies. This study investigated emerging innovations, their drivers and perceived and felt impacts, using Il Motiok GR as a case study. Tools used included semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews, focus group discussions and second order cybernetics. Qualitative analysis using SPSS software was done. The results showed that emerging innovations could be divided into either household/individual-or community-level-driven processes. Some of the innovations in natural capital management included the trading of grazing rights, expansion of traditional enclosures, adoption of 'new' livestock species and/or breeds, and crop cultivation. Household-level-driven innovations were influenced by wealth status, age and level of education. Economic returns and to some extent the greater good influenced community-driven initiatives. Formal groupings such as self-help groups and business associations were replacing declining traditional social networks based on clans and age sets/groups. Climate change, development agencies, cultural and technological change and neighbourhood social learning are perceived as having inspired the innovations. Innovations that fragmented natural and social capital were inclined to limit socio-ecological resilience. Implementation of new interventions among communities must factor in the possibilities of transformation and/or emergence of new innovations beyond those initially conceptualised as implementation progresses. Supportive policies that recognise the increasing complexity of common property use are needed to address emerging 'new' land use changes. Furthermore, there is need to nurture emergent promising innovations and stop those considered detrimental to the sustainability of SESs. C1 [Kibet, Staline; Nyangito, Moses; MacOpiyo, Laban] Univ Nairobi, Dept Land Resource Management & Agr Technol, POB 29052, Nairobi 00625, Kenya. [Kenfack, David] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, CTFS ForestGEO, NMNH West Loading Dock, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Kibet, S (reprint author), Univ Nairobi, Dept Land Resource Management & Agr Technol, POB 29052, Nairobi 00625, Kenya. EM staline@uonbi.ac.ke NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 2041-7136 J9 PASTORALISM JI Pastoralism PD AUG 31 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 16 DI 10.1186/s13570-016-0063-z PG 13 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ6FT UT WOS:000385957700001 ER PT J AU Grusz, AL Rothfels, CJ Schuettpelz, E AF Grusz, Amanda L. Rothfels, Carl J. Schuettpelz, Eric TI Transcriptome sequencing reveals genome-wide variation in molecular evolutionary rate among ferns SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Adiantum; Molecular evolution; Nucleotide substitution rate; Vittarioid ferns ID SPECIES-ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS; METABOLIC-RATE; SUBSTITUTION RATES; GENERATION TIME; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; BODY-SIZE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; EARLY DIVERSIFICATION; LYGODIUM-JAPONICUM; CARNIVOROUS PLANT AB Background: Transcriptomics in non-model plant systems has recently reached a point where the examination of nuclear genome-wide patterns in understudied groups is an achievable reality. This progress is especially notable in evolutionary studies of ferns, for which molecular resources to date have been derived primarily from the plastid genome. Here, we utilize transcriptome data in the first genome-wide comparative study of molecular evolutionary rate in ferns. We focus on the ecologically diverse family Pteridaceae, which comprises about 10 % of fern diversity and includes the enigmatic vittarioid ferns-an epiphytic, tropical lineage known for dramatically reduced morphologies and radically elongated phylogenetic branch lengths. Using expressed sequence data for 2091 loci, we perform pairwise comparisons of molecular evolutionary rate among 12 species spanning the three largest clades in the family and ask whether previously documented heterogeneity in plastid substitution rates is reflected in their nuclear genomes. We then inquire whether variation in evolutionary rate is being shaped by genes belonging to specific functional categories and test for differential patterns of selection. Results: We find significant, genome-wide differences in evolutionary rate for vittarioid ferns relative to all other lineages within the Pteridaceae, but we recover few significant correlations between faster/slower vittarioid loci and known functional gene categories. We demonstrate that the faster rates characteristic of the vittarioid ferns are likely not driven by positive selection, nor are they unique to any particular type of nucleotide substitution. Conclusions: Our results reinforce recently reviewed mechanisms hypothesized to shape molecular evolutionary rates in vittarioid ferns and provide novel insight into substitution rate variation both within and among fern nuclear genomes. C1 [Grusz, Amanda L.; Schuettpelz, Eric] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166 POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rothfels, Carl J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, 1001 Valley Life Sci Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Grusz, Amanda L.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Dept Biol, 1035 Kirby Dr, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. RP Grusz, AL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166 POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Grusz, AL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Duluth, Dept Biol, 1035 Kirby Dr, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. EM grusza@d.umn.edu FU United States National Science Foundation [DEB-1405181] FX This work was supported by the United States National Science Foundation (award DEB-1405181 to E.S.). NR 104 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 30 PY 2016 VL 17 AR 692 DI 10.1186/s12864-016-3034-2 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA DY3HG UT WOS:000384980800006 PM 27577050 ER PT J AU Concha, C Palavesam, A Guerrero, FD Sagel, A Li, F Osborne, JA Hernandez, Y Pardo, T Quintero, G Vasquez, M Keller, GP Phillips, PL Welch, JB McMillan, WO Skoda, SR Scott, MJ AF Concha, Carolina Palavesam, Azhahianambi Guerrero, Felix D. Sagel, Agustin Li, Fang Osborne, Jason A. Hernandez, Yillian Pardo, Trinidad Quintero, Gladys Vasquez, Mario Keller, Gwen P. Phillips, Pamela L. Welch, John B. Owen McMillan, W. Skoda, Steven R. Scott, Maxwell J. TI A transgenic male-only strain of the New World screwworm for an improved control program using the sterile insect technique SO BMC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE New World screwworm; Sterile insect technique; tTA; Transformer; Male-only; Genetic control ID ENGINEERED MALE MOSQUITOS; FLY LUCILIA-CUPRINA; COCHLIOMYIA-HOMINIVORAX; SEXING SYSTEM; FRUIT-FLY; DIPTERA; CALLIPHORIDAE; RELEASE; FLIES; ERADICATION AB Background: The New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax, is a devastating pest of livestock endemic to subtropical and tropical regions of the Western hemisphere. The larvae of this species feed on the tissue of living animals, including man, and can cause death if untreated. Over 60 years ago, the sterile insect technique ( SIT) was developed with the aim of eradicating this pest, initially from Florida but subsequently from all of North and Central America. From the outset it was appreciated that SIT would be more efficient if only sterile males were released in the field, but this was not possible until now. Results: Here, we report on the development and evaluation of the first sexing strains of C. hominivorax that produce only males when raised on diet without tetracycline. Transgenic lines have been developed that possess a tetracycline repressible female-lethal genetic system. Ten of these lines show high female lethality at the late larval/pupal stages and three of them present dominant female lethality. Most of the lines were comparable to the wild type parental strain in several fitness parameters that are relevant to mass rearing in a production facility. Further, three lines performed well in male mating success and male competition assays, suggesting they would be sexually competitive in the field. Consequently, one transgenic line has been selected by the New World Screwworm Program for evaluation under mass rearing conditions. Conclusions: We conclude that the promising characteristics of the selected sexing strains may contribute to reduce production costs for the existing eradication program and provide more efficient population suppression, which should make a genetic control program more economical in regions were C. hominivorax remains endemic. C1 [Concha, Carolina; Li, Fang; Scott, Maxwell J.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Concha, Carolina; Hernandez, Yillian] Panama US Commiss Eradicat & Prevent Screwworm CO, Pacora, Panama. [Concha, Carolina; Owen McMillan, W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Naos Mol Lab, Panama City, Panama. [Palavesam, Azhahianambi; Guerrero, Felix D.] USDA ARS, Tick & Biting Fly Res Unit, Knipling Bushland Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Sagel, Agustin; Pardo, Trinidad; Quintero, Gladys; Vasquez, Mario; Phillips, Pamela L.; Skoda, Steven R.] USDA ARS, Screwworm Res Unit, Pacora, Panama. [Osborne, Jason A.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Campus Box 8203, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Keller, Gwen P.] USDA APHIS IS, Pacora, Panama. [Phillips, Pamela L.] USDA ARS, Screwworm Res Unit, Knipling Bushland Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Welch, John B.] USDA APHIS, IS Act Programs, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Palavesam, Azhahianambi] Tamil Nadu Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Dept Vet Parasitol, Madras Vet Coll, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Scott, MJ (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mjscott3@ncsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; NCSU; Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-33522-30730]; Panama-United States Commission for the Eradication and Prevention of Screwworm (COPEG) FX Funding is gratefully acknowledged from specific cooperative agreements between the USDA-ARS and NCSU, Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grant Program competitive grant no. 2011-33522-30730 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the Panama-United States Commission for the Eradication and Prevention of Screwworm (COPEG) and start-up funds to MJS from NCSU. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1741-7007 J9 BMC BIOL JI BMC Biol. PD AUG 30 PY 2016 VL 14 AR 72 DI 10.1186/s12915-016-0296-8 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DU5QA UT WOS:000382265200002 PM 27576512 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ AF Gagne, Raymond J. TI Three new genera and three new species of Nearctic Lasiopteridi (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Cecidomyiinae) from Asteraceae and Caprifoliaceae, and the tribe Rhopalomyiini subsumed under Oligotrophini SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE gall midges; Helianthus; Lonicera; Symphoricarpos; Oligotrophini; Lasiopteridi AB Three new Nearctic genera of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), each with a new species, are described: Helianthecis Gagne for Helianthecis capitum Gagne new species, that lives in flower heads of Helianthus spp. (Asteraceae) from North Dakota to Texas; Lonicerae Gagne for Lonicerae russoi Gagne, new species, and Lonicerae lonicera (Felt), new combination, that form bud galls on Lonicera spp. (Caprifoliaceae) in California; and Chiosperma Gagne for Chiosperma turgidum Gagne new species, that forms a bud gall on Symphoricarpos albus (L.) S.F. Blake (Caprifoliaceae) in Washington. The three new genera belong to the supertribe Lasiopteridi and are placed in the tribe Oligotrophini. The tribes Oligotrophini and Rhopalomyiini are combined. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 30 PY 2016 VL 4158 IS 3 BP 403 EP 418 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4158.3.6 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DU1SE UT WOS:000381988500006 PM 27615893 ER PT J AU McGuire, BA Martin-Drumel, MA Thorwirth, S Brunken, S Lattanzi, V Neill, JL Spezzano, S Yu, ZH Zaleski, DP Remijan, AJ Pate, BH McCarthy, MC AF McGuire, Brett A. Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline Thorwirth, Sven Bruenken, Sandra Lattanzi, Valerio Neill, Justin L. Spezzano, Silvia Yu, Zhenhong Zaleski, Daniel P. Remijan, Anthony J. Pate, Brooks H. McCarthy, Michael C. TI Molecular polymorphism: microwave spectra, equilibrium structures, and an astronomical investigation of the HNCS isomeric family SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TELESCOPE PRIMOS SURVEY; STATE SPECTROSCOPIC CONSTANTS; GAS-PHASE CHEMISTRY; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; ISOTHIOCYANIC ACID; ISOCYANIC ACID; SAGITTARIUS B2(N); GALACTIC-CENTER; AB-INITIO; HOT CORES AB The rotational spectra of thioisocyanic acid (HNCS), and its three energetic isomers (HSCN, HCNS, and HSNC) have been observed at high spectral resolution by a combination of chirped-pulse and Fabry-Perot Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy between 6 and 40 GHz in a pulsed-jet discharge expansion. Two isomers, thiofulminic acid (HCNS) and isothiofulminic acid (HSNC), calculated here to be 35-37 kcal mol(-1) less stable than the ground state isomer HNCS, have been detected for the first time. Precise rotational, centrifugal distortion, and nitrogen hyperfine coupling constants have been determined for the normal and rare isotopic species of both molecules; all are in good agreement with theoretical predictions obtained at the coupled cluster level of theory. On the basis of isotopic spectroscopy, precise molecular structures have been derived for all four isomers by correcting experimental rotational constants for the effects of rotation-vibration interaction calculated theoretically. Formation and isomerization pathways have also been investigated; the high abundance of HSCN relative to ground state HNCS, and the detection of strong lines of SH using CH3CN and H2S, suggest that HSCN is preferentially produced by the radical-radical reaction HS + CN. A radio astronomical search for HSCN and its isomers has been undertaken toward the high-mass star-forming region Sgr B2(N) in the Galactic Center with the 100 m Green Bank Telescope. While we find clear evidence for HSCN, only a tentative detection of HNCS is proposed, and there is no indication of HCNS or HSNC at the same rms noise level. HSCN, and tentatively HNCS, displays clear deviations from a single-excitation temperature model, suggesting weak masing may be occurring in some transitions in this source. C1 [McGuire, Brett A.; Remijan, Anthony J.; McCarthy, Michael C.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [McGuire, Brett A.; Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Thorwirth, Sven; Bruenken, Sandra] Univ Cologne, Phys Inst 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Lattanzi, Valerio; Spezzano, Silvia] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Neill, Justin L.; Zaleski, Daniel P.; Pate, Brooks H.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Yu, Zhenhong] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA. [McCarthy, Michael C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, 29 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP McCarthy, MC (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.; McCarthy, MC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, 29 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mccarthy@cfa.harvard.edu RI Brunken, Sandra/B-1880-2010; Thorwirth, Sven/C-6217-2011; OI Brunken, Sandra/0000-0001-7175-4828; Thorwirth, Sven/0000-0001-8200-6710; Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline/0000-0002-5460-4294; Zaleski, Daniel/0000-0003-0153-9158 FU NSF [CHE 1213200]; NASA [NNX13AE59G]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [TH 1301/3-2, SFB 956]; Regional Computing Center of the Universitat zu Koln (RRZK) FX This work was supported by NSF CHE 1213200 and NASA grant NNX13AE59G. B. A. M. is grateful to G. A. Blake for access to computing resources. S. T. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through grants TH 1301/3-2 and SFB 956 and the Regional Computing Center of the Universitat zu Koln (RRZK) for providing computing time on the DFG-funded High Performance Computing (HPC) system CHEOPS. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9076 EI 1463-9084 J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 28 PY 2016 VL 18 IS 32 BP 22693 EP 22705 DI 10.1039/c6cp03871a PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA DT4FW UT WOS:000381436500076 PM 27478937 ER PT J AU Haug, JT Labandeira, CC Santiago-Blay, JA Haug, C Brown, S AF Haug, Joachim T. Labandeira, Conrad C. Santiago-Blay, Jorge A. Haug, Carolin Brown, Susan TI Life habits, hox genes, and affinities of a 311 million-year-old holometabolan larva (vol 15, 208, 2015) SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Correction ID INSECTS; ECOLOGY; TIME C1 [Haug, Joachim T.; Haug, Carolin] Univ Munich, Bioctr, Dept Biol 2, Grosshaderner Str 2, D-82152 Planegg Martinsried, Germany. [Haug, Joachim T.; Haug, Carolin] Univ Munich, GeoBioctr, Grosshaderner Str 2, D-82152 Planegg Martinsried, Germany. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Santiago-Blay, Jorge A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crop & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Brown, Susan] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. EM labandec@si.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD AUG 25 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 169 DI 10.1186/s12862-016-0725-x PG 6 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DV7VD UT WOS:000383145000002 ER PT J AU Soliveres, S van der Plas, F Manning, P Prati, D Gossner, MM Renner, SC Alt, F Arndt, H Baumgartner, V Binkenstein, J Birkhofer, K Blaser, S Bluthgen, N Boch, S Bohm, S Borschig, C Buscot, F Diekotter, T Heinze, J Holzel, N Jung, K Klaus, VH Kleinebecker, T Klemmer, S Krauss, J Lange, M Morris, EK Muller, J Oelmann, Y Overmann, J Pasalic, E Rillig, MC Schaefer, HM Schloter, M Schmitt, B Schoning, I Schrumpf, M Sikorski, J Socher, SA Solly, EF Sonnemann, I Sorkau, E Steckel, J Steffan-Dewenter, I Stempfhuber, B Tschapka, M Turke, M Venter, PC Weiner, CN Weisser, WW Werner, M Westphal, C Wilcke, W Wolters, V Wubet, T Wurst, S Fischer, M Allan, E AF Soliveres, Santiago van der Plas, Fons Manning, Peter Prati, Daniel Gossner, Martin M. Renner, Swen C. Alt, Fabian Arndt, Hartmut Baumgartner, Vanessa Binkenstein, Julia Birkhofer, Klaus Blaser, Stefan Bluethgen, Nico Boch, Steffen Boehm, Stefan Boerschig, Carmen Buscot, Francois Diekoetter, Tim Heinze, Johannes Hoelzel, Norbert Jung, Kirsten Klaus, Valentin H. Kleinebecker, Till Klemmer, Sandra Krauss, Jochen Lange, Markus Morris, E. Kathryn Mueller, Joerg Oelmann, Yvonne Overmann, Joerg Pasalic, Esther Rillig, Matthias C. Schaefer, H. Martin Schloter, Michael Schmitt, Barbara Schoening, Ingo Schrumpf, Marion Sikorski, Johannes Socher, Stephanie A. Solly, Emily F. Sonnemann, Ilja Sorkau, Elisabeth Steckel, Juliane Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf Stempfhuber, Barbara Tschapka, Marco Tuerke, Manfred Venter, Paul C. Weiner, Christiane N. Weisser, Wolfgang W. Werner, Michael Westphal, Catrin Wilcke, Wolfgang Wolters, Volkmar Wubet, Tesfaye Wurst, Susanne Fischer, Markus Allan, Eric TI Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; LAND-USE INTENSITY; MARINE COMMUNITY; DIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; SERVICES; CONSEQUENCES; GRASSLANDS; HERBIVORE; WEAKENS AB Many experiments have shown that loss of biodiversity reduces the capacity of ecosystems to provide the multiple services on which humans depend(1,2). However, experiments necessarily simplify the complexity of natural ecosystems and will normally control for other important drivers of ecosystem functioning, such as the environment or land use. In addition, existing studies typically focus on the diversity of single trophic groups, neglecting the fact that biodiversity loss occurs across many taxa(3,4) and that the functional effects of any trophic group may depend on the abundance and diversity of others(5,6). Here we report analysis of the relationships between the species richness and abundance of nine trophic groups, including 4,600 above-and below-ground taxa, and 14 ecosystem services and functions and with their simultaneous provision (or multifunctionality) in 150 grasslands. We show that high species richness in multiple trophic groups (multitrophic richness) had stronger positive effects on ecosystem services than richness in any individual trophic group; this includes plant species richness, the most widely used measure of biodiversity. On average, three trophic groups influenced each ecosystem service, with each trophic group influencing at least one service. Multitrophic richness was particularly beneficial for 'regulating' and 'cultural' services, and for multifunctionality, whereas a change in the total abundance of species or biomass in multiple trophic groups (the multitrophic abundance) positively affected supporting services. Multitrophic richness and abundance drove ecosystem functioning as strongly as abiotic conditions and land-use intensity, extending previous experimental results(7,8) to real-world ecosystems. Primary producers, herbivorous insects and microbial decomposers seem to be particularly important drivers of ecosystem functioning, as shown by the strong and frequent positive associations of their richness or abundance with multiple ecosystem services. Our results show that multitrophic richness and abundance support ecosystem functioning, and demonstrate that a focus on single groups has led to researchers to greatly underestimate the functional importance of biodiversity. C1 [Soliveres, Santiago; van der Plas, Fons; Manning, Peter; Prati, Daniel; Blaser, Stefan; Boch, Steffen; Schmitt, Barbara; Fischer, Markus; Allan, Eric] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. [van der Plas, Fons; Manning, Peter; Fischer, Markus] Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch Biodivers & Climate, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Gossner, Martin M.; Lange, Markus; Pasalic, Esther; Schoening, Ingo; Tuerke, Manfred; Weisser, Wolfgang W.] Univ Jena, Inst Ecol, Dornburger Str 159, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Gossner, Martin M.; Lange, Markus; Pasalic, Esther; Tuerke, Manfred; Weisser, Wolfgang W.] Tech Univ Munich, Terr Ecol Res Grp, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan, Hans Carl von Carlowitz Pl 2, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Renner, Swen C.; Boehm, Stefan] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Zool, Gregor Mendel Str 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Renner, Swen C.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Alt, Fabian; Oelmann, Yvonne; Sorkau, Elisabeth] Univ Tubingen, Geocol, Ruemelinstr 19-23, Tubingen, Germany. [Arndt, Hartmut; Venter, Paul C.] Univ Cologne, Inst Zool, Zulpicher Str 47b, D-50674 Cologne, Germany. [Baumgartner, Vanessa; Overmann, Joerg; Sikorski, Johannes] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, Inhoffenstr 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. [Binkenstein, Julia] Univ Freiburg, Fac Environm & Nat Resources, Chair Nat Conservat & Landscape Ecol, Tennenbacher Str 4, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Birkhofer, Klaus] Lund Univ, Dept Biol, Solvegatan 35, D-22362 Lund, Germany. [Bluethgen, Nico; Weiner, Christiane N.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Biol, Ecol Networks, Schnittspahnstr 3, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. [Boch, Steffen; Fischer, Markus] Univ Bern, Bot Gardens, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. [Boerschig, Carmen; Westphal, Catrin] Univ Gottingen, Dept Crop Sci, Agroecol, Grisebachstr 6, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Buscot, Francois; Klemmer, Sandra; Wubet, Tesfaye] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Soil Ecol, Theodor Lieser Str 4, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany. [Buscot, Francois; Tuerke, Manfred; Wubet, Tesfaye] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Diekoetter, Tim] Univ Kiel, Dept Landscape Ecol, Olshausenstr 75, D-24118 Kiel, Germany. [Heinze, Johannes; Mueller, Joerg] Univ Potsdam, Biodivers Res Systemat Bot, Maulbeerallee 1, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany. [Heinze, Johannes; Rillig, Matthias C.] Berlin Brandenburg Inst Adv Biodivers Res BBIB, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Hoelzel, Norbert; Klaus, Valentin H.; Kleinebecker, Till] Univ Munster, Inst Landscape Ecol, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Jung, Kirsten; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Krauss, Jochen; Steckel, Juliane; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf; Werner, Michael] Univ Wurzburg, Bioctr, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol, Hubland, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Lange, Markus; Schoening, Ingo; Schrumpf, Marion; Solly, Emily F.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Hans Knoell Str 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Morris, E. Kathryn] Xavier Univ, Dept Biol, 3800 Victory Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45207 USA. [Morris, E. Kathryn; Rillig, Matthias C.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Biol, Plant Ecol, Altensteinstr 6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Schaefer, H. Martin] Univ Freiburg, Fac Biol, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Schloter, Michael; Stempfhuber, Barbara] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Res Unit Environm Genom, Ingolstadter Landstr 1, D-85758 Oberschleissheim, Germany. [Socher, Stephanie A.] Salzburg Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Hellbrunnerstr 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. [Solly, Emily F.] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Sonnemann, Ilja; Wurst, Susanne] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Biol, Funct Biodivers, Konigin Luise Str 1-3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Tuerke, Manfred] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, Johannisallee 21, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Wilcke, Wolfgang] KIT, Inst Geog & Geoecol, Reinhard Baumeister Pl 1, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Wolters, Volkmar] Univ Giessen, Dept Anim Ecol, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Allan, Eric] Univ Bern, Ctr Dev & Environm, Hallerstr 10, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Soliveres, S (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland. EM santiago.soliveres@ips.unibe.ch RI Fischer, Markus/C-6411-2008; Wilcke, Wolfgang/P-4620-2016; Gossner, Martin M./J-2730-2015; Holzel, Norbert/H-8753-2013; Manning, Peter/I-6523-2012; Schoning, Ingo/D-3341-2009; Rillig, Matthias/B-3675-2009; Wolters, Volkmar/B-4635-2010; Bluthgen, Nico/F-5983-2010; OI Fischer, Markus/0000-0002-5589-5900; Wilcke, Wolfgang/0000-0002-6031-4613; Gossner, Martin M./0000-0003-1516-6364; Manning, Peter/0000-0002-7940-2023; Schoning, Ingo/0000-0002-9830-5026; Rillig, Matthias/0000-0003-3541-7853; Renner, Swen/0000-0002-6893-4219 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [1374] FX We thank B. Schmid, F. T. Maestre and S. Kefi for comments that helped improve this manuscript. W. Ulrich and N. J. Gotelli provided statistical advice. We thank the people who maintain the Biodiversity Exploratories program: A. Hemp, K. Wells, S. Gockel, K. Wiesner and M. Gorke (local management team); S. Pfeiffer and C. Fischer (central office), B. Konig-Ries and M. Owonibi (central database management); and E. Linsenmair, D. Hessenmoller, J. Nieschulze, E.-D. Schulze and the late E. Kalko for their role in setting up the project. This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Priority Program 1374 'Infrastructure-Biodiversity Exploratories'. Fieldwork permits were given by the responsible state environmental offices of Baden-Wurttemberg, Thuringen and Brandenburg (according to 72 BbgNatSchG). Figure icons were created by R. D. Manzanedo. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 149 U2 153 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 25 PY 2016 VL 536 IS 7617 BP 456 EP + DI 10.1038/nature19092 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DV0YL UT WOS:000382646600041 PM 27533038 ER PT J AU Blaimer, BB Lloyd, MW Guillory, WX Brady, SG AF Blaimer, Bonnie B. Lloyd, Michael W. Guillory, Wilson X. Brady, Sean G. TI Sequence Capture and Phylogenetic Utility of Genomic Ultraconserved Elements Obtained from Pinned Insect Specimens SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LARGE CARPENTER BEES; GENUS XYLOCOPA HYMENOPTERA; MUSEUM SPECIMENS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; DNA BARCODES; ANCIENT DNA; COLLECTIONS; APIDAE; PRESERVATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB Obtaining sequence data from historical museum specimens has been a growing research interest, invigorated by next-generation sequencing methods that allow inputs of highly degraded DNA. We applied a target enrichment and next-generation sequencing protocol to generate ultraconserved elements (UCEs) from 51 large carpenter bee specimens (genus Xylocopa), representing 25 species with specimen ages ranging from 2-121 years. We measured the correlation between specimen age and DNA yield (pre- and post-library preparation DNA concentration) and several UCE sequence capture statistics (raw read count, UCE reads on target, UCE mean contig length and UCE locus count) with linear regression models. We performed piecewise regression to test for specific breakpoints in the relationship of specimen age and DNA yield and sequence capture variables. Additionally, we compared UCE data from newer and older specimens of the same species and reconstructed their phylogeny in order to confirm the validity of our data. We recovered 6-972 UCE loci from samples with pre-library DNA concentrations ranging from 0.06-9.8 ng/mu L. All investigated DNA yield and sequence capture variables were significantly but only moderately negatively correlated with specimen age. Specimens of age 20 years or less had significantly higher pre- and post-library concentrations, UCE contig lengths, and locus counts compared to specimens older than 20 years. We found breakpoints in our data indicating a decrease of the initial detrimental effect of specimen age on pre- and post-library DNA concentration and UCE contig length starting around 21-39 years after preservation. Our phylogenetic results confirmed the integrity of our data, giving preliminary insights into relationships within Xylocopa. We consider the effect of additional factors not measured in this study on our age-related sequence capture results, such as DNA fragmentation and preservation method, and discuss the promise of the UCE approach for large-scale projects in insect phylogenomics using museum specimens. C1 [Blaimer, Bonnie B.; Lloyd, Michael W.; Brady, Sean G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Guillory, Wilson X.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Blaimer, BB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM bonnieblaimer@gmail.com RI Lloyd, Michael/C-8430-2017 OI Lloyd, Michael/0000-0003-1021-8129 FU Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program for Science; Smithsonian Global Genome Initiative; NHRE - NSF-REU program [EAR-1062692] FX Funding for this study was provided by the Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program for Science and a Smithsonian Global Genome Initiative (www.ggi.si.edu) grant (to SGB). WXG was supported by an NHRE summer research internship for undergraduates funded by the NSF-REU program (grant number EAR-1062692, awarded to Elizabeth Cottrell and Gene Hunt). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 24 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 8 AR e0161531 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0161531 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DU5NI UT WOS:000382258100049 PM 27556533 ER PT J AU Johannsen, T Wang, C Broderick, AE Doeleman, SS Fish, VL Loeb, A Psaltis, D AF Johannsen, Tim Wang, Carlos Broderick, Avery E. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Fish, Vincent L. Loeb, Abraham Psaltis, Dimitrios TI Testing General Relativity with Accretion-Flow Imaging of Sgr A SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; EVENT HORIZON TELESCOPE; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; NO-HAIR THEOREM; BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY; GALACTIC-CENTER; STELLAR ORBITS; CLOSURE PHASES; EMISSION; MODELS AB The Event Horizon Telescope is a global, very long baseline interferometer capable of probing potential deviations from the Kerr metric, which is believed to provide the unique description of astrophysical black holes. Here, we report an updated constraint on the quadrupolar deviation of Sagittarius A* within the context of a radiatively inefficient accretion flow model in a quasi-Kerr background. We also simulate near-future constraints obtainable by the forthcoming eight-station array and show that in this model already a one-day observation can measure the spin magnitude to within 0.005, the inclination to within 0.09 degrees, the position angle to within 0.04 degrees, and the quadrupolar deviation to within 0.005 at 3 sigma confidence. Thus, we are entering an era of high-precision strong gravity measurements. C1 [Johannsen, Tim; Broderick, Avery E.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Johannsen, Tim; Wang, Carlos; Broderick, Avery E.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Johannsen, Tim] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Fish, Vincent L.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Doeleman, Sheperd S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Psaltis, Dimitrios] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Johannsen, T (reprint author), Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada.; Johannsen, T (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.; Johannsen, T (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. FU CITA National Fellowship at the University of Waterloo; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada through Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation; National Science Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-3561] FX T. J. was supported by a CITA National Fellowship at the University of Waterloo and is supported in part by Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. A. E. B. receives financial support from Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through a Discovery Grant. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. The Event Horizon Telescope is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Grant No. GBMF-3561). NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 24 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 9 AR 091101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.091101 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DU1YX UT WOS:000382008100002 PM 27610837 ER PT J AU Baron-Szabo, RC AF Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C. TI New taxonomic, stratigraphic, and geographic information on the genus Faksephyllia Floris, 1972 (Scleractinia; Caryophylliidae); first records from the Oligocene of Austria, Germany, and Italy SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE taxonomy; Scleractinia; Paleogene; Central and Southern Europe; West and Central Asia; morphology ID CORALS AB The scleractinian genus Faksephyllia FLORIS, 1972, is revised based on the study of original and topotypic material as well as original descriptions. Representatives of this genus have been reported from only a small number of lower Paleogene localities, including the Danian of Azerbaijan, Denmark (Greenland), Kazakhstan, and Sweden, as well as the Paleocene of Austria and Denmark (Fakse). New material belonging to the type species of Faksephyllia (F. faxoensis) is described from the Lower Oligocene of Austria (Northern Calcareous Alps, Tyrol). In addition, material from the Oligocene of Germany and the Lower Oligocene of Italy, formerly grouped with the genera Calamophyllia and Rhabdophyllia, are here reassigned and transferred to Faksephyllia. The genus Faksephyllia remains a monospecific taxon, including only the type species, Faksephyllia faxoensis (BECK, in LYELL). In addition, Faksephyllia represents the earliest colonial genus among the caryophylliids. C1 [Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.] Res Inst Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Baron-Szabo, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Baron-Szabo, RC (reprint author), Res Inst Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. EM rosemarie_baronszabo@yahoo.com NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 24 PY 2016 VL 4154 IS 5 BP 526 EP 540 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.5.2 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DT8PQ UT WOS:000381753600002 PM 27615857 ER PT J AU Tamazian, G Dobrynin, P Krasheninnikova, K Komissarov, A Koepfli, KP O'Brien, SJ AF Tamazian, Gaik Dobrynin, Pavel Krasheninnikova, Ksenia Komissarov, Aleksey Koepfli, Klaus-Peter O'Brien, Stephen J. TI Chromosomer: a reference-based genome arrangement tool for producing draft chromosome sequences SO GIGASCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Reference-assisted assembly; Chromosome assembly; Alignment ID ASSEMBLIES; ALGORITHM; ALIGNMENT AB Background: As the number of sequenced genomes rapidly increases, chromosome assembly is becoming an even more crucial step of any genome study. Since de novo chromosome assemblies are confounded by repeat-mediated artifacts, reference-assisted assemblies that use comparative inference have become widely used, prompting the development of several reference-assisted assembly programs for prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. Findings: We developed Chromosomer - a reference-based genome arrangement tool, which rapidly builds chromosomes from genome contigs or scaffolds using their alignments to a reference genome of a closely related species. Chromosomer does not require mate-pair libraries and it offers a number of auxiliary tools that implement common operations accompanying the genome assembly process. Conclusions: Despite implementing a straightforward alignment-based approach, Chromosomer is a useful tool for genomic analysis of species without chromosome maps. Putative chromosome assemblies by Chromosomer can be used in comparative genomic analysis, genomic variation assessment, potential linkage group inference and other kinds of analysis involving contig or scaffold mapping to a high-quality assembly. C1 [Tamazian, Gaik; Dobrynin, Pavel; Krasheninnikova, Ksenia; Komissarov, Aleksey; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; O'Brien, Stephen J.] St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, Sredniy Prospekt 41A, St Petersburg 199004, Russia. [Koepfli, Klaus-Peter] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] Nova Southeastern Univ, Oceanog Ctr, 8000 N Ocean Dr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33004 USA. RP Tamazian, G (reprint author), St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, Sredniy Prospekt 41A, St Petersburg 199004, Russia. EM mail@gtamazian.com RI Tamazian, Gaik/P-4723-2015 OI Tamazian, Gaik/0000-0002-2931-1123 FU Russian Ministry of Science [11.G34.31.0068] FX This work was supported by Russian Ministry of Science (11.G34.31.0068 to SJO). NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2047-217X J9 GIGASCIENCE JI GigaScience PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 5 AR 38 DI 10.1186/s13742-016-0141-6 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT8ZI UT WOS:000381784100001 PM 27549770 ER PT J AU Keppel, AG Breitburg, DL Burrell, RB AF Keppel, Andrew G. Breitburg, Denise L. Burrell, Rebecca B. TI Effects of Co-Varying Diel-Cycling Hypoxia and pH on Growth in the Juvenile Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; MYTILUS-EDULIS; EPISODIC HYPOXIA; FRESH-WATER; HABITAT DEGRADATION; MULTIPLE STRESSORS; FOOD AVAILABILITY; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; PATUXENT RIVER AB Shallow water provides important habitat for many species, but also exposes these organisms to daily fluctuations in dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH caused by cycles in the balance between photosynthesis and respiration that can contribute to repeated, brief periods of hypoxia and low pH (caused by elevated pCO(2)). The amplitude of these cycles, and the severity and duration of hypoxia and hypercapnia that result, can be increased by eutrophication, and are predicted to worsen with climate change. We conducted laboratory experiments to test the effects of both diel-cycling and constant low DO and pH (elevated pCO(2)) on growth of the juvenile eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), an economically and ecologically important estuarine species. Severe diel-cycling hypoxia (to 0.5 mg O-2 L-1) reduced shell growth in juvenile oysters, as did constant hypoxia (1.2 and 2.0 mg O-2 L-1), although effects varied among experiments, oyster ages, and exposure durations. Dielcycling pH reduced growth only in experiments in which calcite saturation state cycled to <= 0.10 and only during the initial weeks of these experiments. In other cases, cycling pH sometimes led to increased growth rates. Comparisons of treatment effects across multiple weeks of exposure, and during a longer post-experiment field deployment, indicated that juvenile oysters can acclimate to, and in some cases compensate for initial reductions in growth. As a result, some ecosystem services dependent on juvenile oyster growth rates may be preserved even under severe cycling hypoxia and pH. C1 [Keppel, Andrew G.] US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Keppel, Andrew G.; Breitburg, Denise L.; Burrell, Rebecca B.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD USA. RP Keppel, AG (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Oceanog, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.; Keppel, AG (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD USA. EM Keppel@usna.edu FU NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA10NOS4780138]; Smithsonian Hunterdon and Johnson Endowments; NSF REU program FX This work was funded by a grant to Denise Breitburg from the NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (NA10NOS4780138). In addition, the Smithsonian Hunterdon and Johnson Endowments provided funding for technical staff and the NSF REU program supported some interns who worked on the project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 15 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 22 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 8 AR e0161088 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0161088 PG 31 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT8TP UT WOS:000381768400029 PM 27548256 ER PT J AU Anastasopoulou, K Zezas, A Ballo, L Della Ceca, R AF Anastasopoulou, K. Zezas, A. Ballo, L. Della Ceca, R. TI A deep Chandra observation of the interacting star-forming galaxy Arp 299 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual: Arp 299; galaxies: interactions; galaxies: starburst; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: galaxies ID X-RAY-EMISSION; LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS; HOT INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; STARBURST GALAXIES; ANTENNAE GALAXIES; CHEMICAL ENRICHMENT; SUPERNOVA FEEDBACK; BINARY FORMATION; STELLAR MASS AB We present results from a 90 ks Chandra ACIS-S observation of the X-ray luminous interacting galaxy system Arp 299 (NGC 3690/IC 694). We detect 25 discrete X-ray sources with luminosities above similar to 4.0 x 10(38) erg s(-1) covering the entire Ultra Luminous X-ray source (ULX) regime. Based on the hard X-ray spectra of the non-nuclear discrete sources identified in Arp 299, and their association with young, actively star-forming region of Arp 299 we identify them as HMXBs. We find in total 20 off-nuclear sources with luminosities above the ULX limit, 14 of which are point-like sources. Furthermore we observe a marginally significant deficit in the number of ULXs, with respect to the number expected from scaling relations of X-ray binaries with the star formation rate (SFR). Although the high metallicity of the galaxy could result in lower ULX numbers, the good agreement between the observed total X-ray luminosity of ULXs, and that expected from the relevant scaling relation indicates that this deficit could be the result of confusion effects. The integrated spectrum of the galaxy shows the presence of a hot gaseous component with kT = 0.72 +/- 0.03 keV, contributing similar to 20 per cent of the soft (0.1-2.0 keV) unabsorbed luminosity of the galaxy. A plume of soft X-ray emission in the west of the galaxy indicates a large scale outflow. We find that the AGN in NGC 3690 contributes only 22 per cent of the observed broad-band X-ray luminosity of Arp 299. C1 [Anastasopoulou, K.; Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Anastasopoulou, K.; Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Anastasopoulou, K.; Zezas, A.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ballo, L.; Della Ceca, R.] Osservatorio Astron Brera INAF, Via Brera 28, I-20121 Milan, Italy. RP Anastasopoulou, K (reprint author), Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece.; Anastasopoulou, K (reprint author), Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece.; Anastasopoulou, K (reprint author), Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. EM kanast@physics.uoc.gr RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Ballo, Lucia/0000-0002-5036-3497 FU European Research Council under the European Union [617001]; NASA [G03-14124X]; Italian Space Agency [ASI INAF NuSTARI/037/12/0] FX We gratefully thank Almudena Alonso-Herrero for providing the Ne III/Ne II Spitzer map in electronic form. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement no. 617001. AZ acknowledges support from NASA Chandra grant G03-14124X. LB and RDC acknowledge support from the Italian Space Agency (contract ASI INAF NuSTARI/037/12/0). We also made use of the NASA's Astrophysics Data System and observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, and obtained from the Hubble Legacy Archive, which is a collaboration between the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI/NASA), the Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF/ESA) and the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre (CADC/NRC/CSA). NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 21 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 4 BP 3570 EP 3586 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1200 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT8AV UT WOS:000381711100015 ER PT J AU Kilic, M Brown, WR Heinke, CO Gianninas, A Benni, P Agueros, MA AF Kilic, Mukremin Brown, Warren R. Heinke, Craig O. Gianninas, A. Benni, P. Agueros, M. A. TI Massive double white dwarfs and the AM CVn birthrate SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; stars: individual: SDSS J075519.47+480034.0; stars: individual: SDSS J081133.56+022556.7; stars: individual: SDSS J144342.74+150938.6; stars: individual: SDSS J213228.36+075428.2; white dwarfs ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; MILLISECOND PULSARS; ECLIPSING BINARY; MERGER SYSTEMS; ORBITAL PERIOD; X-RAYS; STARS; SUPERNOVAE; CATALOG; CHANDRA AB We present Chandra and Swift X-ray observations of four extremely low-mass (ELM) white dwarfs with massive companions. We place stringent limits on X-ray emission from all four systems, indicating that neutron star companions are extremely unlikely and that the companions are almost certainly white dwarfs. Given the observed orbital periods and radial velocity amplitudes, the total masses of these binaries are greater than 1.02-1.39 M-circle dot. The extreme mass ratios between the two components make it unlikely that these binary white dwarfs will merge and explode as Type Ia or underluminous supernovae. Instead, they will likely go through stable mass transfer through an accretion disc and turn into interacting AM CVn. Along with three previously known systems, we identify two of our targets, J0811 and J2132, as systems that will definitely undergo stable mass transfer. In addition, we use the binary white dwarf sample from the ELM Survey to constrain the inspiral rate of systems with extreme mass ratios. This rate, 1.7 x 10(-4) yr(-1), is consistent with the AM CVn space density estimated from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Hence, stable mass transfer double white dwarf progenitors can account for the entire AM CVn population in the Galaxy. C1 [Kilic, Mukremin; Gianninas, A.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, 440 W Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Brown, Warren R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Heinke, Craig O.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, CCIS 4-183, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Benni, P.] Acton Sky Portal, 3 Concetta Circle, Acton, MA 01720 USA. [Agueros, M. A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Kilic, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, 440 W Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM kilic@ou.edu; wbrown@cfa.harvard.edu; heinke@ualberta.ca FU NASA by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [GO5-16022X, NAS8-03060, AST-1312678, NNX14AF65G]; NSF; NSERC FX We thank the organizers and attendees of the Fourth International Workshop on AM CVn Stars for useful discussions. Support for this work was provided by NASA through Chandra Award Number GO5-16022X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. Additional support was provided by the NSF and NASA under grants AST-1312678 and NNX14AF65G. COH was supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 21 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 4 BP 4176 EP 4181 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1277 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT8AV UT WOS:000381711100058 ER PT J AU Ewall-Wice, A Dillon, JS Hewitt, JN Loeb, A Mesinger, A Neben, AR Offringa, AR Tegmark, M Barry, N Beardsley, AP Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Carroll, P Corey, BE de Oliveira-Costa, A Emrich, D Feng, L Gaensler, BM Goeke, R Greenhill, LJ Hazelton, BJ Hurley-Walker, N Johnston-Hollitt, M Jacobs, DC Kaplan, DL Kasper, JC Kim, HS Kratzenberg, E Lenc, E Line, J Lonsdale, CJ Lynch, MJ McKinley, B McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Thyagarajan, N Oberoi, D Ord, SM Paul, S Pindor, B Pober, JC Prabu, T Procopio, P Riding, J Rogers, AEE Roshi, A Shankar, NU Sethi, SK Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Sullivan, IS Tingay, SJ Trott, CM Waterson, M Wayth, RB Webster, RL Whitney, AR Williams, A Williams, CL Wu, C Wyithe, JSB AF Ewall-Wice, A. Dillon, Joshua S. Hewitt, J. N. Loeb, A. Mesinger, A. Neben, A. R. Offringa, A. R. Tegmark, M. Barry, N. Beardsley, A. P. Bernardi, G. Bowman, Judd D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Carroll, P. Corey, B. E. de Oliveira-Costa, A. Emrich, D. Feng, L. Gaensler, B. M. Goeke, R. Greenhill, L. J. Hazelton, B. J. Hurley-Walker, N. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Jacobs, Daniel C. Kaplan, D. L. Kasper, J. C. Kim, H. S. Kratzenberg, E. Lenc, E. Line, J. Lonsdale, C. J. Lynch, M. J. McKinley, B. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan Oberoi, D. Ord, S. M. Paul, S. Pindor, B. Pober, J. C. Prabu, T. Procopio, P. Riding, J. Rogers, A. E. E. Roshi, A. Shankar, N. Udaya Sethi, Shiv K. Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Sullivan, I. S. Tingay, S. J. Trott, C. M. Waterson, M. Wayth, R. B. Webster, R. L. Whitney, A. R. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. Wu, C. Wyithe, J. S. B. TI First limits on the 21 cm power spectrum during the Epoch of X-ray heating SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: interferometric; dark ages; reionization; first stars; radio lines: general; X-rays: galaxies ID MURCHISON WIDEFIELD ARRAY; IONOSPHERIC ELECTRON-CONTENT; LOW-FREQUENCY ARRAY; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; RADIO-SOURCES; REIONIZATION OBSERVATIONS; PAPER-64 CONSTRAINTS; COSMIC REIONIZATION; SCINTILLATION NOISE; LOSING INFORMATION AB We present first results from radio observations with the Murchison Widefield Array seeking to constrain the power spectrum of 21 cm brightness temperature fluctuations between the redshifts of 11.6 and 17.9 (113 and 75 MHz). 3 h of observations were conducted over two nights with significantly different levels of ionospheric activity. We use these data to assess the impact of systematic errors at low frequency, including the ionosphere and radio-frequency interference, on a power spectrum measurement. We find that after the 1-3 h of integration presented here, our measurements at the Murchison Radio Observatory are not limited by RFI, even within the FM band, and that the ionosphere does not appear to affect the level of power in the modes that we expect to be sensitive to cosmology. Power spectrum detections, inconsistent with noise, due to fine spectral structure imprinted on the foregrounds by reflections in the signal-chain, occupy the spatial Fourier modes where we would otherwise be most sensitive to the cosmological signal. We are able to reduce this contamination using calibration solutions derived from autocorrelations so that we achieve an sensitivity of 10(4) mK on comoving scales k <= 0.5 h Mpc(-1). This represents the first upper limits on the 21 cm power spectrum fluctuations at redshifts 12 <= z a <= 18 but is still limited by calibration systematics. While calibration improvements may allow us to further remove this contamination, our results emphasize that future experiments should consider carefully the existence of and their ability to calibrate out any spectral structure within the EoR window. C1 [Ewall-Wice, A.; Dillon, Joshua S.; Hewitt, J. N.; Neben, A. R.; Tegmark, M.; Feng, L.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ewall-Wice, A.; Dillon, Joshua S.; Hewitt, J. N.; Neben, A. R.; Tegmark, M.; de Oliveira-Costa, A.; Feng, L.; Goeke, R.; Morgan, E.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Dillon, Joshua S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dillon, Joshua S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Loeb, A.; Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.; Kasper, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mesinger, A.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Offringa, A. R.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Offringa, A. R.; Briggs, F.; Gaensler, B. M.; Kim, H. S.; Lenc, E.; Line, J.; McKinley, B.; Mitchell, D. A.; Ord, S. M.; Pindor, B.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Wayth, R. B.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Redfern 2016, Australia. [Barry, N.; Carroll, P.; Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.; Pober, J. C.; Sullivan, I. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Beardsley, A. P.; Bowman, Judd D.; Jacobs, Daniel C.; Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Bernardi, G.] Square Kilometre Array South Africa SKA SA, Pk Rd, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Briggs, F.; Waterson, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Corey, B. E.; Kratzenberg, E.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.; Rogers, A. E. E.; Whitney, A. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Emrich, D.; Hurley-Walker, N.; Lynch, M. J.; Ord, S. M.; Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Waterson, M.; Wayth, R. B.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Gaensler, B. M.; Lenc, E.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Hazelton, B. J.] Univ Washington, ESci Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Kasper, J. C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kim, H. S.; Line, J.; McKinley, B.; Pindor, B.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Mitchell, D. A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci CASS, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Paul, S.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Sethi, Shiv K.; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Pober, J. C.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Roshi, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Roshi, A.] Greenbank, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Wu, C.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. RP Ewall-Wice, A (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; Ewall-Wice, A (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM aaronew@MIT.EDU RI Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Sethi, Shiv/D-4893-2012; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Paul, Stephan/K-9237-2016; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Paul, Stephan/0000-0002-8813-0437; Wyithe, Stuart/0000-0001-7956-9758; /0000-0002-0086-7363 FU NSF [AST-0457585, AST-0821321, AST-1105835, AST-1410719, AST-1410484, AST-1411622, AST-1440343]; MIT School of Science; Marble Astrophysics Fund; National Science Foundation [1122374]; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [638809 - AIDA]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER 0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development [MED-E1799]; Victoria University of Wellington from the IBM [MED-E1799]; Australian Federal government via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); Australian Federal government via the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Australian Federal government via the Education Investment Fund; Australian Federal government via the Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Australian Federal government via the Astronomy Australia Limited; NVIDIA at Harvard University; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR); Western Australian State government FX We would like to thank the referees for their helpful comments. We extend our gratitude to Jeff Zhang and Adrian Liu for useful discussions. This work was supported by NSF Grants AST-0457585, AST-0821321, AST-1105835, AST-1410719, AST-1410484, AST-1411622, and AST-1440343, by the MIT School of Science, by the Marble Astrophysics Fund, and by generous donations from Jonathan Rothberg and an anonymous donor. AEW acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. 1122374. AM acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 638809 - AIDA).; This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER 0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 134 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 21 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 4 BP 4320 EP 4347 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1022 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT8AV UT WOS:000381711100072 ER PT J AU Barenfeld, SA Carpenter, JM Ricci, L Isella, A AF Barenfeld, Scott A. Carpenter, John M. Ricci, Luca Isella, Andrea TI ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS IN THE UPPER SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE open clusters and associations: individual (Upper Scorpius OB1); protoplanetary disks; stars: premain sequence ID PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE; LOW-MASS STARS; T-TAURI STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; LARGE-AREA SEARCH; SKY SURVEY 2MASS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; 5 MYR; ORIONIS CLUSTER AB We present ALMA observations of 106 G-, K-, and M-type stars in the Upper Scorpius OB Association hosting circumstellar disks. With these data, we measure the 0.88 mm continuum and (CO)-C-12 J = 3-2 line fluxes of disks around low-mass (0.14-1.66 M-circle dot) stars at an age of 5-11 Myr. Of the 75 primordial disks in the sample, 53 are detected in the dust continuum and 26 in CO. Of the 31 disks classified as debris/evolved transitional disks, five are detected in the continuum and none in CO. The lack of CO emission in approximately half of the disks with detected continuum emission can be explained if CO is optically thick but has a compact emitting area (less than or similar to 40 au), or if the CO is heavily depleted by a factor of at least similar to 1000 relative to interstellar medium abundances and is optically thin. The continuum measurements are used to estimate the dust mass of the disks. We find a correlation between disk dust mass and stellar host mass consistent with a power-law relation of M-dust alpha M-*(1.67 +/- 0.37). Disk dust masses in Upper Sco are compared to those measured in the younger Taurus star-forming region to constrain the evolution of disk dust mass. We find that the difference in the mean of log (M-dust/M-*) between Taurus and Upper Sco is 0.64 +/- 0.09, such that M-dust/M-* is lower in Upper Sco by a factor of similar to 4.5. C1 [Barenfeld, Scott A.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Carpenter, John M.] Joint ALMA Observ, Ave Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. [Ricci, Luca] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Isella, Andrea] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Barenfeld, SA (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Astron, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. OI Barenfeld, Scott/0000-0001-5222-6851 FU NSF [AST-1109334, AST-1140063]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX We thank the referee for useful comments, which improved this manuscript. We are grateful to Sean Andrews for his advice on the comparison of Upper Sco and Taurus disk masses, to Trevor David for valuable input on the age of Upper Sco, to Ivan Marti-Vidal for clarification regarding the use of uvmultifit, and to Nick Scoville for providing an original version of the aperture photometry code that was adapted for use in this work. We also thank the ALMA staff for their assistance in the data reduction. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA#2011.0.00966. S and ADS/JAO. ALMA#2013.1.00395. S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. A.I. and J.M.C. acknowledge support from NSF awards AST-1109334 and AST-1140063. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work is based [in part] on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. NR 104 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 2 AR 142 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/2/142 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW9SA UT WOS:000384001600054 ER PT J AU Marchesi, S Civano, F Salvato, M Shankar, F Comastri, A Elvis, M Lanzuisi, G Trakhtenbrot, B Vignali, C Zamorani, G Allevato, V Brusa, M Fiore, F Gilli, R Griffiths, R Hasinger, G Miyaji, T Schawinski, K Treister, E Urry, CM AF Marchesi, S. Civano, F. Salvato, M. Shankar, F. Comastri, A. Elvis, M. Lanzuisi, G. Trakhtenbrot, B. Vignali, C. Zamorani, G. Allevato, V. Brusa, M. Fiore, F. Gilli, R. Griffiths, R. Hasinger, G. Miyaji, T. Schawinski, K. Treister, E. Urry, C. M. TI THE CHANDRA COSMOS-LEGACY SURVEY: THE z > 3 SAMPLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY LUMINOSITY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASARS; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; STAR-FORMING GALAXY; SIMILAR-TO 4; MULTIWAVELENGTH PROJECT AB We present the largest high-redshift (3 < z < 6.85) sample of X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) on a contiguous field, using sources detected in the Chandra COSMOS-Legacy survey. The sample contains 174 sources, 87 with spectroscopic redshift and the other 87 with photometric redshift (z(phot)). In this work, we treat z(phot) as a probability-weighted sum of contributions, adding to our sample the contribution of sources with zphot. < 3 but zphot probability distribution > 0 at z > 3. We compute the number counts in the observed 0.5-2 keV band, finding a decline in the number of sources at z > 3 and constraining phenomenological models of the X-ray background. We compute the AGN space density at z. > 3 in two different luminosity bins. At higher luminosities (logL(2-10 keV) > 44.1 erg s(-1)), the space density declines exponentially, dropping by a factor of similar to 20 from z similar to 3 to z similar to 6. The observed decline is similar to 80% steeper at lower luminosities (43.55 erg s(-1) < logL(2-10 keV) < 44.1 erg s(-1)) from z similar to 3 to z similar to 4.5. We study the space density evolution dividing our sample into optically classified Type 1 and Type 2 AGNs. At logL (2-10 keV) > 44.1 erg s(-1), unobscured and obscured objects may have different evolution with redshift, with the obscured component being three times higher at z similar to 5. Finally, we compare our space density with predictions of quasar activation merger models, whose calibration is based on optically luminous AGNs. These models significantly overpredict the number of expected AGNs at logL (2-10 keV) > 44.1 erg s(-1) with respect to our data. C1 [Marchesi, S.; Civano, F.; Urry, C. M.] Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 260 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Marchesi, S.; Comastri, A.; Lanzuisi, G.; Vignali, C.; Zamorani, G.; Brusa, M.; Gilli, R.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Bologna, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Marchesi, S.; Civano, F.; Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Salvato, M.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Shankar, F.] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Highfield SO17 1BJ, England. [Lanzuisi, G.; Vignali, C.; Brusa, M.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Trakhtenbrot, B.; Schawinski, K.] ETH, Dept Phys, Inst Astron, Wolfgang Pauli Str 27, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Allevato, V.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2a, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Fiore, F.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Griffiths, R.] Univ Hawaii, Div Nat Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, 200 W Kawili St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hasinger, G.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Miyaji, T.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron Sede Ensenada, Km 103,Carret Tijunana Ensenada, Ensenada, BC, Mexico. [Treister, E.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile. [Treister, E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile. RP Marchesi, S (reprint author), Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 260 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.; Marchesi, S (reprint author), INAF, Osservatorio Astron Bologna, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.; Marchesi, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Lanzuisi, Giorgio/0000-0001-9094-0984; Zamorani, Giovanni/0000-0002-2318-301X; Comastri, Andrea/0000-0003-3451-9970; Trakhtenbrot, Benny/0000-0002-3683-7297; Elvis, Martin/0000-0001-5060-1398 FU NASA Chandra grant [GO3-14150C, GO3-14150B]; PRIN-INAF "Windy Black Holes combing galaxy evolution"; FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy": "Supermassive black holes through cosmic time: from current surveys to eROSITA-Euclid Synergies" [CIG 321913]; UNAM-DGAPA Grant [PAPIIT IN104216]; CONACyT Grant Cientifica Basica [179662]; NASA award [NNX15AE61G]; Swiss National Science Foundation Grant [PP00P2_138979/1]; Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies [PFB 06]; FONDECYT regular grant [1120061]; CONICYT Anillo project [ACT1101] FX This work was supported in part by NASA Chandra grant number GO3-14150C and also GO3-14150B (F.C., S.M., V.A., M.E.); PRIN-INAF 2014 "Windy Black Holes combing galaxy evolution" (A.C., M.B., G.L., C.V.); the FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy": "Supermassive black holes through cosmic time: from current surveys to eROSITA-Euclid Synergies" (CIG 321913; M.B., G.L.); UNAM-DGAPA Grant PAPIIT IN104216 and CONACyT Grant Cientifica Basica #179662 (T.M.); NASA award NNX15AE61G (R.G.); the Swiss National Science Foundation Grant PP00P2_138979/1 (K.S.); the Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (PFB 06), by the FONDECYT regular grant 1120061 and by the CONICYT Anillo project ACT1101 (E.T.). B.T. is a Zwicky Fellow. NR 102 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 2 AR 150 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/2/150 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW9SA UT WOS:000384001600062 ER PT J AU Testa, P De Pontieu, B Hansteen, V AF Testa, Paola De Pontieu, Bart Hansteen, Viggo TI HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION Fe XII OBSERVATIONS OF SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE line: profiles; Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: transition region; Sun: UV radiation; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING SPECTROMETER; CORONA TRANSITION REGION; NONTHERMAL LINE WIDTHS; ALFVEN-WAVE TURBULENCE; DOPPLER SHIFTS; EMISSION-LINES; SPECTRAL-LINES; ATOMIC DATABASE; RAY-TELESCOPE; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS AB We use UV spectral observations of active regions with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) to investigate the properties of the coronal Fe XII 1349.4 angstrom emission at unprecedented high spatial resolution (similar to 0.33 ''). We find that by using appropriate observational strategies (i.e., long exposures, lossless compression), Fe XII emission can be studied with IRIS at high spatial and spectral resolution, at least for high-density plasma (e.g., post-flare loops and active region moss). We find that upper transition region (TR; moss) Fe XII emission shows very small average Doppler redshifts (v(D) similar to 3 km s(-1)) as well as modest non-thermal velocities (with an average of similar to 24 km s(-1) and the peak of the distribution at similar to 15 km s(-1)). The observed distribution of Doppler shifts appears to be compatible with advanced three-dimensional radiative MHD simulations in which impulsive heating is concentrated at the TR footpoints of a hot corona. While the non-thermal broadening of Fe XII 1349.4 angstrom peaks at similar values as lower resolution simultaneous Hinode Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) measurements of Fe XII 195 angstrom, IRIS observations show a previously undetected tail of increased non-thermal broadening that might be suggestive of the presence of subarcsecond heating events. We find that IRIS and EIS non-thermal line broadening measurements are affected by instrumental effects that can only be removed through careful analysis. Our results also reveal an unexplained discrepancy between observed 195.1/1349.4 angstrom Fe XII intensity ratios and those predicted by the CHIANTI atomic database. C1 [Testa, Paola] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS 58, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [De Pontieu, Bart] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, 3251 Hanover St,Org A021S,Bldg 252, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [De Pontieu, Bart; Hansteen, Viggo] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, POB 1029, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway. RP Testa, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS 58, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ptesta@cfa.harvard.edu FU Lockheed-Martin [8100002705]; NASA [NNM07AB07C, NNX15AF50G, NNX15AF47G]; ESA; Norwegian Space Centre FX We thank P. Young for providing help with fitting routines for the EIS and IRIS analysis, and for providing the Fe XII CHIANTI v.8 data before their public release. We thank D. Brooks for useful discussions about analysis of non-thermal line widths from Hinode-EIS spectra. We also thank the anonymous referee for insightful comments which helped us to improve the paper. P.T. was supported by contract 8100002705 from Lockheed-Martin to SAO, NASA contract NNM07AB07C to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and NASA grants NNX15AF50G and NNX15AF47G. This work has benefited from discussions at the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) meetings on "New Diagnostics of Particle Acceleration in Solar Coronal Nanoflares from Chromospheric Observations and Modeling," and "Heating in the magnetic chromosphere" where topics relevant to this work were discussed with other colleagues. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in co-operation with ESA and the NSC (Norway). IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by ESA and the Norwegian Space Centre. NR 93 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 2 AR 99 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/2/99 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW9SA UT WOS:000384001600011 ER PT J AU Chen, YT Lin, HW Holman, MJ Payne, MJ Fraser, WC Lacerda, P Ip, WH Chen, WP Kudritzki, RP Jedicke, R Wainscoat, RJ Tonry, JL Magnier, EA Waters, C Kaiser, N Wang, SY Lehner, M AF Chen, Ying-Tung Lin, Hsing Wen Holman, Matthew J. Payne, Matthew J. Fraser, Wesley C. Lacerda, Pedro Ip, Wing-Huen Chen, Wen-Ping Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter Jedicke, Robert Wainscoat, Richard J. Tonry, John L. Magnier, Eugene A. Waters, Christopher Kaiser, Nick Wang, Shiang-Yu Lehner, Matthew TI DISCOVERY OF A NEW RETROGRADE TRANS-NEPTUNIAN OBJECT: HINT OF A COMMON ORBITAL PLANE FOR LOW SEMIMAJOR AXIS, HIGH-INCLINATION TNOs AND CENTAURS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Kuiper belt: general; Oort Cloud; surveys ID KUIPER-BELT; SCATTERED DISK; OORT CLOUD; ORIGIN; COMETS; BODIES AB Although the majority of Centaurs are thought to have originated in the scattered disk, with the high-inclination members coming from the Oort cloud, the origin of the high-inclination component of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) remains uncertain. We report the discovery of a retrograde TNO, which we nickname "Niku," detected by the Pan-STARRS 1 Outer Solar System Survey. Our numerical integrations show that the orbital dynamics of Niku are very similar to that of 2008 KV42 (Drac), with a half-life of similar to 500 Myr. Comparing similar high-inclination TNOs and Centaurs (q > 10 au, a < 100 au, and i > 60), we find that these objects exhibit a surprising clustering of ascending node, and occupy a common orbital plane. This orbital configuration has high statistical significance: 3.8-s. An unknown mechanism is required to explain the observed clustering. This discovery may provide a pathway to investigating a possible reservoir of high-inclination objects. C1 [Chen, Ying-Tung; Wang, Shiang-Yu; Lehner, Matthew] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Lin, Hsing Wen; Ip, Wing-Huen; Chen, Wen-Ping] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan. [Holman, Matthew J.; Payne, Matthew J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fraser, Wesley C.; Lacerda, Pedro] Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Lacerda, Pedro] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Ip, Wing-Huen] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Space Sci Inst, Macau, Peoples R China. [Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Wainscoat, Richard J.; Tonry, John L.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Waters, Christopher; Kaiser, Nick] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Chen, YT (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM ytchen@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw OI Chen, Wen-Ping /0000-0003-0262-272X; Lin, Hsing Wen/0000-0001-7737-6784 FU MOST [104-2119-008-024]; MOE under the Aim for Top University Program NCU; Macau Technical Fund [017/2014/A1, 039/2013/A2]; CAS [2015TW2JB0001]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877] FX We are grateful to the CFEPS team for kindly providing the pointings of CFEPS-HELE. We thank all of the staff at the Lulin observatory of the National Central University. This work was supported by MOST 104-2119-008-024 (TANGO-II) and MOE under the Aim for Top University Program NCU, and Macau Technical Fund: 017/2014/A1 and 039/2013/A2. H.W.L. acknowledges the support of the CAS Fellowship for Taiwan-Youth-Visiting-Scholars under the grant No. 2015TW2JB0001. The Pan-STARRS 1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, and the University of Maryland. This research used the facilities of the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre operated by the National Research Council of Canada with the support of the Canadian Space Agency. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 20 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 2 AR L24 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/827/2/L24 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DW5UI UT WOS:000383712100003 ER PT J AU Flores, R Ibanez, A Correa, MD AF Flores, Rodolfo Ibanez, Alicia Correa A, Mireya D. TI Eugenia veraguensis (Myrtaceae), a new species from Golfo de Chiriqui in Veraguas Province, Panama, with notes on Eugenia rhombea SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Coiba; Myrteae; Taxonomy AB Eugenia veraguensis is described as a new species of Myrtaceae from Panama. It differs from E. rhombea, the most similar taxon, by a combination of its shrubby habit, a distinctive dichotomous branching pattern with 4 to 6 leaved branchlets, chartaceous or subcoriaceous leaves and its small number of stamens. It occurs in coastal forest and scrub on islands off Pacific Western Panama. Following the inclusion of a specimen of E. veraguensis as E. rhombea in Flora Mesoamericana, we discuss the occurrence of this latter species in Panama. C1 [Flores, Rodolfo; Correa A, Mireya D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ave Roosevelt,Edificio Tupper 401, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Correa A, Mireya D.] Estafeta Univ, Univ Panama, Herbario PMA, Panama City, Panama. [Ibanez, Alicia] Jadwin Ave 108B,POB 0843-00954, Balboa, Panama. RP Flores, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ave Roosevelt,Edificio Tupper 401, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM rflores1184@hotmail.com FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH); Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion (SENACYT) FX The authors wish to thank the Ministry of Environment for facilitating this research through issuing the collecting permits (SC/P-23-03, SC/P-4-05, SC/P-30-05, SE/P-17-08, SC/P-25-11); the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for supporting all logistical aspects of this work; the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) for funding much of the fieldwork through the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups (ICBG) program. The Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion (SENACYT) for funding one of the authors (R. Flores) to prepare this publication. We would also like to thank the botanists Carmen Galdames, Fermin Hernandez, Oris Rodriguez, Melisa Ayala, Angela Celis, Juan Carrion & Noemi Leon, who participated in several field trips to the CNP and surrounding areas where this species was collected; and to the staff of the University of Panama Herbarium (PMA). We are very grateful to Fred Barrie, Gordon McPherson, Bruce Holst and Orlando Ortiz for their very useful comments and suggestions. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD AUG 19 PY 2016 VL 270 IS 3 BP 217 EP 222 DI 10.11646/phytotaxa.270.3.6 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DU2JO UT WOS:000382037400006 ER PT J AU Collin, R Ochoa, I AF Collin, Rachel Ochoa, Isis TI Influence of seasonal environmental variation on the reproduction of four tropical marine gastropods SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Littorinid; Life histories; Reproduction; Upwelling; Maternal investment ID GREEN SEA-URCHIN; EGG SIZE; CREPIDULA-FORNICATA; STRONGYLOCENTROTUS-DROEBACHIENSIS; CHASMAGNATHUS-GRANULATA; CREPIPATELLA-FECUNDA; SUSPENSION-FEEDERS; FOOD AVAILABILITY; CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; CAPITELLA SP AB The 2 main hypotheses put forward to explain seasonal timing of marine invertebrate reproduction hinge on variation in temperature and phytoplankton. Seasonal upwelling in the tropical eastern Pacific provides an ideal system in which to test these ideas. During the non-upwelling season, the Bay of Panama is warmer, less saline and less productive than during the upwelling season. We followed egg deposition of 4 intertidal gastropod species-Littoraria variegata, Cerithideopsis californica var. valida, Crepidula cf. marginalis and Natica chemnitzi-to determine if these seasonal environmental differences are associated with variation in reproductive intensity or offspring size. The species from the mangroves, L. variegata and C. californica, produced fewer egg masses during the dry season. The slipper limpet C. cf. marginalis was more likely to brood during the dry season. Egg masses from the moon snail N. chemnitzi showed no difference in abundance between the seasons. Shell length at hatching, an estimate of per offspring maternal investment, was larger during the dry season for C. californica and C. cf. marginalis but did not differ across the seasons for L. variegata. Hatching size in the moon snail was bimodal during the dry season, but both offspring size classes showed increased offspring size in the dry season compared to the wet season. Three of the 4 species show patterns in offspring size consistent with the offspring temperature-size rule, while seasonal cycles in reproductive intensity are likely driven by other factors such as adult food availability or desiccation stress. C1 [Collin, Rachel; Ochoa, Isis] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. RP Collin, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM collinr@si.edu NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD AUG 18 PY 2016 VL 555 BP 125 EP 139 DI 10.3354/meps11815 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DW6ZZ UT WOS:000383801600009 ER PT J AU Ames, CL Ryan, JF Bely, AE Cartwright, P Collins, AG AF Ames, Cheryl Lewis Ryan, Joseph F. Bely, Alexandra E. Cartwright, Paulyn Collins, Allen G. TI A new transcriptome and transcriptome profiling of adult and larval tissue in the box jellyfish Alatina alata: an emerging model for studying venom, vision and sex SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cubozoa; Expression patterns; Pedalium; Sting; Embryo; Gametogenesis; Planulae; Eye; Spawning aggregations; Sperm ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; CHIRONEX-FLECKERI; CNIDARIA CUBOZOA; OPSIN EVOLUTION; TRIPEDALIA-CYSTOPHORA; REFERENCE GENOME; CREATINE-KINASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; CARYBDEA-ALATA; SNAKE-VENOM AB Background: Cubozoans (box jellyfish) are cnidarians that have evolved a number of distinguishing features. Many cubozoans have a particularly potent sting, effected by stinging structures called nematocysts; cubozoans have well-developed light sensation, possessing both image-forming lens eyes and light-sensitive eye spots; and some cubozoans have complex mating behaviors, including aggregations, copulation and internal fertilization. The cubozoan Alatina alata is emerging as a cnidarian model because it forms predictable monthly nearshore breeding aggregations in tropical to subtropical waters worldwide, making both adult and larval material reliably accessible. To develop resources for A. alata, this study generated a functionally annotated transcriptome of adult and larval tissue, applying preliminary differential expression analyses to identify candidate genes involved in nematogenesis and venom production, vision and extraocular sensory perception, and sexual reproduction, which for brevity we refer to as "venom", "vision" and "sex". Results: We assembled a transcriptome de novo from RNA-Seq data pooled from multiple body parts (gastric cirri, ovaries, tentacle (with pedalium base) and rhopalium) of an adult female A. alata medusa and larval planulae. Our transcriptome comprises similar to 32 K transcripts, after filtering, and provides a basis for analyzing patterns of gene expression in adult and larval box jellyfish tissues. Furthermore, we annotated a large set of candidate genes putatively involved in venom, vision and sex, providing an initial molecular characterization of these complex features in cubozoans. Expression profiles and gene tree reconstruction provided a number of preliminary insights into the putative sites of nematogenesis and venom production, regions of phototransduction activity and fertilization dynamics in A. alata. Conclusions: Our Alatina alata transcriptome significantly adds to the genomic resources for this emerging cubozoan model. This study provides the first annotated transcriptome from multiple tissues of a cubozoan focusing on both the adult and larvae. Our approach of using multiple body parts and life stages to generate this transcriptome effectively identified a broad range of candidate genes for the further study of coordinated processes associated with venom, vision and sex. This new genomic resource and the candidate gene dataset are valuable for further investigating the evolution of distinctive features of cubozoans, and of cnidarians more broadly. C1 [Ames, Cheryl Lewis; Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ames, Cheryl Lewis] Univ Maryland, Biol Sci Grad Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ryan, Joseph F.] Univ Florida, Whitney Lab Marine Biosci, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Ryan, Joseph F.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bely, Alexandra E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cartwright, Paulyn] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NOAA Fisheries, Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ames, CL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Ames, CL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Biol Sci Grad Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM amesc@si.edu FU University of Maryland Biological Science Eugenie Clark Scholarship; University of Maryland Biological Science Smithsonian Peter Buck Predoctoral research grants; NSF [DEB-095357]; University of Florida DSP Research Strategic Initiatives [00114464]; University of Florida Office of the Provost Programs; Mary & Robert Pew Public Education Fund FX Funding for field work (CLA) was provided by University of Maryland Biological Sciences Eugenie Clark Scholarship and Smithsonian Peter Buck Predoctoral research grants, and for RNA-Seq by Paulyn Cartwright through NSF grant DEB-095357. JFR was supported by startup funds from the University of Florida DSP Research Strategic Initiatives #00114464 and University of Florida Office of the Provost Programs. AGC acknowledges the Mary & Robert Pew Public Education Fund, which supported the capture of some of the imagery in Fig. 1. NR 127 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 14 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 17 PY 2016 VL 17 AR 650 DI 10.1186/s12864-016-2944-3 PG 25 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA DX0LD UT WOS:000384052000007 ER PT J AU Lupse, N Cheng, RC Kuntner, M AF Lupse, Nik Cheng, Ren-Chung Kuntner, Matjaz TI Coevolution of female and male genital components to avoid genital size mismatches in sexually dimorphic spiders SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sexual size dimorphism; Sexual genital size dimorphism; External genitalia; Internal genitalia; Intromittent genitalia; Non-intromittent genitalia; Sexual selection ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SPERM COMPETITION; NEPHILID SPIDERS; BODY-SIZE; CANNIBALISTIC SPIDER; AQUARIUS-REMIGIS; WATER STRIDERS; MATE CHOICE; EVOLUTION; SELECTION AB Background: In most animal groups, it is unclear how body size variation relates to genital size differences between the sexes. While most morphological features tend to scale with total somatic size, this does not necessarily hold for genitalia because divergent evolution in somatic size between the sexes would cause genital size mismatches. Theory predicts that the interplay of female-biased sexual size dimorphism (SSD) and sexual genital size dimorphism (SGD) should adhere to the 'positive genital divergence', the 'constant genital divergence', or the 'negative genital divergence' model, but these models remain largely untested. We test their validity in the spider family Nephilidae known for the highest degrees of SSD among terrestrial animals. Results: Through comparative analyses of sex-specific somatic and genital sizes, we first demonstrate that 99 of the 351 pairs of traits are phylogenetically correlated. Through factor analyses we then group these traits for MCMCglmm analyses that test broader correlation patterns, and these reveal significant correlations in 10 out of the 36 pairwise comparisons. Both types of analyses agree that female somatic and internal genital sizes evolve independently. While sizes of non-intromittent male genital parts coevolve with male body size, the size of the intromittent male genital parts is independent of the male somatic size. Instead, male intromittent genital size coevolves with female (external and, in part, internal) genital size. All analyses also agree that SGD and SSD evolve independently. Conclusions: Internal dimensions of female genitalia evolve independently of female body size in nephilid spiders, and similarly, male intromittent genital size evolves independently of the male body size. The size of the male intromittent organ (the embolus) and the sizes of female internal and external genital components thus seem to respond to selection against genital size mismatches. In accord with these interpretations, we reject the validity of the existing theoretical models of genital and somatic size dimorphism in spiders. C1 [Lupse, Nik; Cheng, Ren-Chung; Kuntner, Matjaz] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Res Ctr, Inst Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Kuntner, M (reprint author), Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Res Ctr, Inst Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia.; Kuntner, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM kuntner@gmail.com FU Slovenian Research Agency [P1-10236, J1-6729] FX This research was supported by the grants P1-10236 and J1-6729 from the Slovenian Research Agency to M. K. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD AUG 17 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 161 DI 10.1186/s12862-016-0734-9 PG 9 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DT9JB UT WOS:000381814100001 PM 27535025 ER PT J AU Boersma, AT Pyenson, ND AF Boersma, Alexandra T. Pyenson, Nicholas D. TI Arktocara yakataga, a new fossil odontocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Oligocene of Alaska and the antiquity of Platanistoidea SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Cetacea; River dolphins; Fossil record; Neogene; Evolution; Platanistoidea; Oligocene; Pan-Platanista ID EARLY MIOCENE; RIVER DOLPHINS; CROWN CETACEA; NEW-ZEALAND; PERU AB The diversification of crown cetacean lineages (i.e., crown Odontoceti and crown Mysticeti) occurred throughout the Oligocene, but it remains an ongoing challenge to resolve the phylogenetic pattern of their origins, especially with respect to stem lineages. One extant monotypic lineage, Platanista gangetica (the Ganges and Indus river dolphin), is the sole surviving member of the broader group Platanistoidea, with many fossil relatives that range from Oligocene to Miocene in age. Curiously, the highly threatened Platanista is restricted today to freshwater river systems of South Asia, yet nearly all fossil platanistoids are known globally from marine rocks, suggesting a marine ancestry for this group. In recent years, studies on the phylogenetic relationships in Platanistoidea have reached a general consensus about the membership of different sub-clades and putative extinct groups, although the position of some platanistoid groups (e.g., Waipatiidae) has been contested. Here we describe a new genus and species of fossil platanistoid, Arktocara yakataga, gen. et sp. nov. from the Oligocene of Alaska, USA. The type and only known specimen was collected from the marine Poul Creek Formation, a unit known to include Oligocene strata, exposed in the Yakutat City and Borough of Southeast Alaska. In our phylogenetic analysis of stem and node-based Platanistoidea, Arktocara falls within the node-based sub-clade Allodelphinidae as the sister taxon to Allodelphis pratti. With a geochronologic age between similar to 29-24 million years old, Arktocara is among the oldest crown Odontoceti, reinforcing the long-standing view that the diversification for crown lineages must have occurred no later than the early Oligocene. C1 [Boersma, Alexandra T.; Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Boersma, Alexandra T.] Calif State Univ, Coll Extended Educ, Seaside, CA 93955 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Mammol, Seattle, WA USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Paleontol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Boersma, AT (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Boersma, AT (reprint author), Calif State Univ, Coll Extended Educ, Seaside, CA 93955 USA. EM boersma.alex@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Institution; Basis Foundation FX The research of both ATB and NDP was funded by the Smithsonian Institution, its Remington Kellogg Fund, and with support from the Basis Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 4 AR e2321 DI 10.7717/peerj.2321 PG 41 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT2XK UT WOS:000381344900007 PM 27602287 ER PT J AU Zeder, MA Denham, T Erlandson, JM Boivin, NL Crowther, A Fuller, DQ Larson, G Petraglia, MD AF Zeder, Melinda A. Denham, Tim Erlandson, Jon M. Boivin, Nicole L. Crowther, Alison Fuller, Dorian Q. Larson, Greger Petraglia, Michael D. TI REPLY TO WESTAWAY AND LYMAN: Emus, dingoes, and archaeology's role in conservation biology SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter C1 [Zeder, Melinda A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zeder, Melinda A.] Santa Fe Inst, External Fac, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Denham, Tim] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Arts & Social Sci, Sch Archaeol & Anthropol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Erlandson, Jon M.] Univ Oregon, Museum Nat & Cultural Hist, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Boivin, Nicole L.; Petraglia, Michael D.] Max Planck Inst Sci Human Hist, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Crowther, Alison] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Fuller, Dorian Q.] UCL, Inst Archaeol, London WC1H 0PY, England. [Larson, Greger] Univ Oxford, Palaeogen & Bioarchaeol Res Network, Sch Archaeol, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. RP Zeder, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Zeder, MA (reprint author), Santa Fe Inst, External Fac, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. EM zederm@si.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 33 BP E4759 EP E4760 DI 10.1073/pnas.1610697113 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT3RS UT WOS:000381399200002 PM 27462113 ER PT J AU Mohapatra, A Ray, D Smith, DG Mishra, SS AF Mohapatra, Anil Ray, Dipanjan Smith, David G. Mishra, Subhrendu Sekhar TI A new species of elongate unpatterned moray eel of the genus Gymnothorax (Muraenidae: Muraeninae) from the Bay of Bengal SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Anguilliformes; unpatterned moray; Gymnothorax indicus; Bay of Bengal ID TELEOSTEI ANGUILLIFORMES MURAENIDAE; TAIWAN; ANGULLIFORMES; PROLATUS AB An elongate, brown unpatterned moray eel, Gymnothorax indicus sp. nov., is described based on four specimens collected from the northern Bay of Bengal. The new species is differentiated from other elongate, unpatterned moray eels in having the following combination of characters: anus at about mid-point of body, preanal length 2.0 in total length; snout blunt and short; dorsal fin margin black, 5 mandibular pores; maxillary teeth uniserial, sharp and depressible, total vertebrae 194 (MVF: 9-79-194). C1 [Mohapatra, Anil] Zool Survey India, Marine Aquarium & Reg Ctr, Digha 721428, India. [Ray, Dipanjan] Bajkul Milani Mahavidyalaya, Purba Medinipur, W Bengal, India. [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD USA. [Mishra, Subhrendu Sekhar] Zool Survey India, Marine Fish Sect, Kolkata 700016, W Bengal, India. RP Mohapatra, A (reprint author), Zool Survey India, Marine Aquarium & Reg Ctr, Digha 721428, India. EM anil2k7@gmail.com NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 16 PY 2016 VL 4150 IS 5 BP 591 EP 598 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4150.5.6 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DT2DE UT WOS:000381290200006 PM 27615817 ER PT J AU Hofman, CA Rick, TC Maldonado, JE Collins, PW Erlandson, JM Fleischer, RC Smith, C Sillett, TS Ralls, K Teeter, W Vellanoweth, RL Newsome, SD AF Hofman, Courtney A. Rick, Torben C. Maldonado, Jesus E. Collins, Paul W. Erlandson, Jon M. Fleischer, Robert C. Smith, Chelsea Sillett, T. Scott Ralls, Katherine Teeter, Wendy Vellanoweth, Rene L. Newsome, Seth D. TI Tracking the origins and diet of an endemic island canid (Urocyon littoralis) across 7300 years of human cultural and environmental change SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE AMS dating; Anthropocene; Canine surrogacy approach; Island fox; Isotope ecology; California Channel Islands ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; CALIFORNIA CHANNEL-ISLANDS; SAN-MIGUEL ISLAND; CLEMENTE ISLAND; COZUMEL ISLAND; ROSA ISLAND; FOX; DOMESTICATION; CARBON; USA AB Understanding how human activities have influenced the foraging ecology of wildlife is important as our planet faces ongoing and impending habitat and climatic change. We review the canine surrogacy approach (CSA)-a tool for comparing human, dog, and other canid diets in the past-and apply CSA to investigate possible ancient human resource provisioning in an endangered canid, the California Channel Islands fox (Urocyon littoralis). We conducted stable isotope analysis of bone collagen samples from ancient and modern island foxes (n = 214) and mainland gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus, n = 24). We compare these data to isotope values of ancient humans and dogs, and synthesize 29 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates that fine-tune the chronology of island foxes. AMS dates confirm that island foxes likely arrived during the early Holocene (>7300 cal BP) on the northern islands in the archipelago and during the middle Holocene (>5500 cal BP) on the southern islands. We found no evidence that island foxes were consistently using anthropogenic resources (e.g., food obtained by scavenging around human habitation sites or direct provisioning by Native Americans), except for a few individuals on San Nicolas Island and possibly on San Clemente and Santa Rosa islands. Decreases in U. littoralis carbon and nitrogen isotope values between prehistoric times and the 19th century on San Nicolas Island suggest that changes in human land use from Native American hunter-gatherer occupations to historical ranching had a strong influence on fox diet. Island foxes exhibit considerable dietary variation through time and between islands and have adapted to a wide variety of climatic and cultural changes over the last 7300 years. This generalist foraging strategy suggests that endemic island foxes may be resilient to future changes in resource availability. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hofman, Courtney A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Anthropol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Hofman, Courtney A.; Rick, Torben C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Hofman, Courtney A.; Maldonado, Jesus E.; Fleischer, Robert C.; Ralls, Katherine] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC USA. [Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Collins, Paul W.] Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Erlandson, Jon M.] Univ Oregon, Museum Nat & Cultural Hist, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Erlandson, Jon M.] Univ Oregon, Dept Anthropol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Smith, Chelsea] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sillett, T. Scott] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Teeter, Wendy] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fowler Museum, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Vellanoweth, Rene L.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Anthropol, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Newsome, Seth D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Hofman, CA (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Anthropol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM courtney.hofman@ou.edu OI Hofman, Courtney/0000-0002-6808-3370 FU Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Level 2 grant; National Museum of Natural History Small Grant; National Science Foundation Dissertation Improvement Grant [BCS-1338773] FX We thank our many collaborators on the Channel Islands and beyond for help in understanding island fox-human relationships. In particular, we thank Christie Boser, Todd Braje, Tim Coonan, Kate Faulkner, Chris Funk, Russell Galipeau, Ann Huston, Julie King, Leslie Reeder-Myers, Kelly Minas, Scott Morrison, Sabrina Shirazi, and Catherine West. Funds for this project were provided by a Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Level 2 grant (Rick, Chesser, Fleischer, Hofman, Maldonado, Rails, and Sillett) and a National Museum of Natural History Small Grant (Rick, Hofman, and Maldonado), as well as a National Science Foundation Dissertation Improvement Grant (Shackel and Hofman, BCS-1338773). We acknowledge the support of our home institutions and thank reviewers and the editorial staff of Quaternary Science Reviews. NR 112 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD AUG 15 PY 2016 VL 146 BP 147 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.06.010 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DT1ID UT WOS:000381234000009 ER PT J AU Banfield, JK Andernach, H Kapinska, AD Rudnick, L Hardcastle, MJ Cotter, G Vaughan, S Jones, TW Heywood, I Wing, JD Wong, OI Matorny, T Terentev, IA Lopez-Sanchez, AR Norris, RP Seymour, N Shabala, SS Willett, KW AF Banfield, J. K. Andernach, H. Kapinska, A. D. Rudnick, L. Hardcastle, M. J. Cotter, G. Vaughan, S. Jones, T. W. Heywood, I. Wing, J. D. Wong, O. I. Matorny, T. Terentev, I. A. Lopez-Sanchez, A. R. Norris, R. P. Seymour, N. Shabala, S. S. Willett, K. W. TI Radio Galaxy Zoo: discovery of a poor cluster through a giant wide-angle tail radio galaxy SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: clusters: individual: RGZ J082312; 9+033301; radio continuum: galaxies ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DOUBLE-DOUBLE MORPHOLOGY; DATA RELEASE; REDSHIFT SURVEY; ABELL CLUSTERS; RICH CLUSTERS; 1ST SURVEY; SDSS-III; CATALOG AB We have discovered a previously unreported poor cluster of galaxies (RGZ-CL J0823.2+0333) through an unusual giant wide-angle tail radio galaxy found in the Radio Galaxy Zoo project. We obtained a spectroscopic redshift of z = 0.0897 for the E0-type host galaxy, 2MASX J08231289+0333016, leading to M-r = -22.6 and a 1.4 GHz radio luminosity density ofL(1.4) = 5.5 x 10(24) W Hz(-1). These radio and optical luminosities are typical for wide-angle tailed radio galaxies near the borderline between Fanaroff-Riley classes I and II. The projected largest angular size of a parts per thousand 8 arcmin corresponds to 800 kpc and the full length of the source along the curved jets/trails is 1.1 Mpc in projection. X-ray data from the XMM-Newton archive yield an upper limit on the X-ray luminosity of the thermal emission surrounding RGZ J082312.9+033301 at 1.2-2.6 x 10(43) erg s(-1) for assumed intracluster medium temperatures of 1.0-5.0 keV. Our analysis of the environment surrounding RGZ J082312.9+033301 indicates that RGZ J082312.9+033301 lies within a poor cluster. The observed radio morphology suggests that (a) the host galaxy is moving at a significant velocity with respect to an ambient medium like that of at least a poor cluster, and that (b) the source may have had two ignition events of the active galactic nucleus with 10(7) yr in between. This reinforces the idea that an association between RGZ J082312.9+033301 and the newly discovered poor cluster exists. C1 [Banfield, J. K.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Banfield, J. K.; Kapinska, A. D.; Wong, O. I.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Andernach, H.] Univ Guanajuato, DCNE, Dept Astron, Apdo Postal 144, Guanajuato 36000, Gto, Mexico. [Kapinska, A. D.; Wong, O. I.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res M468, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Rudnick, L.; Jones, T. W.; Willett, K. W.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hardcastle, M. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Ctr Astrophys Res, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Cotter, G.; Vaughan, S.; Matorny, T.; Terentev, I. A.] Oxford Astrophys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Heywood, I.; Norris, R. P.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Heywood, I.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Wing, J. D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lopez-Sanchez, A. R.] Australian Astron Observ, POB 915, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. [Lopez-Sanchez, A. R.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Norris, R. P.] Univ Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Seymour, N.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. [Shabala, S. S.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Phys Sci, Private Bag 37, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. RP Banfield, JK (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia.; Banfield, JK (reprint author), ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. EM julie.banfield@anu.edu.au; heinz@astro.ugto.mx OI Vaughan, Sam/0000-0003-2265-7727; Seymour, Nicholas/0000-0003-3506-5536; Norris, Ray/0000-0002-4597-1906; Hardcastle, Martin/0000-0003-4223-1117 FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020]; Australian Research Council; US National Science Foundation [AST-1211595]; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M001008/1]; STFC [ST/K005596/1, ST/N504233/1]; Australian Research Council [DE130101399]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This publication has been made possible by the participation of more than 8700 volunteers in the Radio Galaxy Zoo project. Their contributions are individually acknowledged at http://rgzauthors.galaxyzoo.org. We thank M. Chow-Martinez for extracting dynamical parameters using the ROBUST software and Nathan Secrest and Nora Loiseau for information on the XMM-Newton data. Parts of this research were conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020. OIW acknowledges a Super Science Fellowship from the Australian Research Council. LR, KWW, and TWJ acknowledge partial support from the US National Science Foundation under grant AST-1211595 to the University of Minnesota. MJH acknowledges support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M001008/1]. GC acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/K005596/1 and SV acknowledges a doctoral studentship supported by STFC grant ST/N504233/1. SSS thanks the Australian Research Council for an Early Career Fellowship DE130101399. NS is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship.; This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and the Very Large Array. The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The figures in this work made use of ASTROPY, a community-developed core PYTHON package for astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 3 BP 2376 EP 2384 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1067 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT0WV UT WOS:000381204600008 ER PT J AU Williams, WL van Weeren, RJ Rottgering, HJA Best, P Dijkema, TJ de Gasperin, F Hardcastle, MJ Heald, G Prandoni, I Sabater, J Shimwell, TW Tasse, C van Bemmel, IM Bruggen, M Brunetti, G Conway, JE Ensslin, T Engels, D Falcke, H Ferrari, C Haverkorn, M Jackson, N Jarvis, MJ Kapinska, AD Mahony, EK Miley, GK Morabito, LK Morganti, R Orru, E Retana-Montenegro, E Sridhar, SS Toribio, MC White, GJ Wise, MW Zwart, JTL AF Williams, W. L. van Weeren, R. J. Rottgering, H. J. A. Best, P. Dijkema, T. J. de Gasperin, F. Hardcastle, M. J. Heald, G. Prandoni, I. Sabater, J. Shimwell, T. W. Tasse, C. van Bemmel, I. M. Bruggen, M. Brunetti, G. Conway, J. E. Ensslin, T. Engels, D. Falcke, H. Ferrari, C. Haverkorn, M. Jackson, N. Jarvis, M. J. Kapinska, A. D. Mahony, E. K. Miley, G. K. Morabito, L. K. Morganti, R. Orru, E. Retana-Montenegro, E. Sridhar, S. S. Toribio, M. C. White, G. J. Wise, M. W. Zwart, J. T. L. TI LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Bootes field: catalogue and source counts SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: interferometric; surveys; galaxies: active; radio continuum: galaxies ID METREWAVE-RADIO-TELESCOPE; FREQUENCY SKY SURVEY; X-RAY SURVEY; DEEP FIELD; 1ST SURVEY; 20 CM; SPECTRUM SOURCES; 610-MHZ SURVEY; DATA REDUCTION; ECLIPTIC POLE AB We present the first wide area (19 deg(2)), deep (a parts per thousand 120-150 mu Jy beam(-1)), high-resolution (5.6 x 7.4 arcsec) LOFAR High Band Antenna image of the Bootes field made at 130-169 MHz. This image is at least an order of magnitude deeper and 3-5 times higher in angular resolution than previously achieved for this field at low frequencies. The observations and data reduction, which includes full direction-dependent calibration, are described here. We present a radio source catalogue containing 6 276 sources detected over an area of 19 deg(2), with a peak flux density threshold of 5 sigma. As the first thorough test of the facet calibration strategy, introduced by van Weeren et al., we investigate the flux and positional accuracy of the catalogue. We present differential source counts that reach an order of magnitude deeper in flux density than previously achieved at these low frequencies, and show flattening at 150-MHz flux densities below 10 mJy associated with the rise of the low flux density star-forming galaxies and radio-quiet AGN. C1 [Williams, W. L.; Rottgering, H. J. A.; Shimwell, T. W.; Haverkorn, M.; Miley, G. K.; Morabito, L. K.; Retana-Montenegro, E.; Toribio, M. C.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Williams, W. L.; Dijkema, T. J.; Heald, G.; Falcke, H.; Mahony, E. K.; Morganti, R.; Orru, E.; Sridhar, S. S.; Wise, M. W.] ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Williams, W. L.; Hardcastle, M. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Best, P.; Sabater, J.] Royal Observ, Inst Astron, SUPA, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [de Gasperin, F.; Bruggen, M.; Engels, D.] Univ Hamburg, Sternwarte Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Heald, G.; Morganti, R.; Sridhar, S. S.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Prandoni, I.] INAF Observ Radioastron, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Tasse, C.] Univ Paris Diderot, GEPI, Observ Paris, CNRS, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France. [van Bemmel, I. M.] Joint Inst VLBI ERIC, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Brunetti, G.] INAF Inst Radioastron, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Conway, J. E.] Chalmers, Department Earth & Space Sci, Onsala Space Observ, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Ensslin, T.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Falcke, H.; Haverkorn, M.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Ferrari, C.] Univ Cote Azur, Lab Lagrange, Observ Cote Azur, CNRS, Blvd Observ,CS 34229, F-06304 Nice 4, France. [Jackson, N.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Jarvis, M. J.] Oxford Astrophys, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Jarvis, M. J.; Zwart, J. T. L.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Kapinska, A. D.] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Kapinska, A. D.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Kapinska, A. D.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Redfern, NSW 2016, Australia. [White, G. J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [White, G. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, RAL Space, Didcot OX11 0NL, Oxon, England. [Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Postbus 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Zwart, J. T. L.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Astron, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. RP Williams, WL (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.; Williams, WL (reprint author), ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.; Williams, WL (reprint author), Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. EM w.williams5@herts.ac.uk OI Zwart, Jonathan/0000-0002-4967-946X; Mahony, Elizabeth/0000-0002-5053-2828; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660; Hardcastle, Martin/0000-0003-4223-1117 FU European Research Council under the European Union/ERC [NEWCLUSTERS-321271, RADIOLIFE-320745]; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M001008/1]; Clay Fellowship - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020]; South Africa National Research Foundation FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for useful comments which have improved this manuscript. WLW and HJR gratefully acknowledge support from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Advanced Grant NEWCLUSTERS-321271. WLW and MJH acknowledge support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M001008/1]. RJW is supported by a Clay Fellowship awarded by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. ADK acknowledges financial support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020. JZ gratefully acknowledges a South Africa National Research Foundation Square Kilometre Array Research Fellowship. RM gratefully acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Advanced Grant RADIOLIFE-320745. This research made use of ASTROPY, a community-developed core Python package for astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013) hosted at http://www.astropy.org/, of APLPY, an open-source astronomical plotting package for Python hosted at http://aplpy.github.com/, and of TOPCAT (Taylor 2005). NR 88 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 3 BP 2385 EP 2412 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1056 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT0WV UT WOS:000381204600009 ER PT J AU Mashian, N Loeb, A AF Mashian, Natalie Loeb, Abraham TI CEMP stars: possible hosts to carbon planets in the early Universe SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: formation; stars: carbon; stars: chemically peculiar; cosmology: theory; early Universe ID METAL-POOR STARS; POPULATION-III SUPERNOVAE; PROTOPLANETARY DISK STRUCTURES; DUST FORMATION; MILKY-WAY; COMPOSITIONAL DIVERSITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITIONS; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; INTERSTELLAR DUST; ABUNDANCE PATTERN AB We explore the possibility of planet formation in the carbon-rich protoplanetary discs of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, possible relics of the early Universe. The chemically anomalous abundance patterns ([C/Fe] a parts per thousand yen 0.7) in this subset of low-mass stars suggest pollution by primordial core-collapsing supernovae ejecta that are particularly rich in carbon dust grains. By comparing the dust-settling time-scale in the protoplanetary discs of CEMP stars to the expected disc lifetime (assuming dissipation via photoevaporation), we determine the maximum distance r(max) from the host CEMP star at which carbon-rich planetesimal formation is possible, as a function of the host star's [C/H] abundance. We then use our linear relation between r(max) and [C/H], along with the theoretical mass-radius relation derived for a solid, pure carbon planet, to characterize potential planetary transits across host CEMP stars. Given that the related transits are detectable with current and upcoming space-based transit surveys, we suggest initiating an observational programme to search for carbon planets around CEMP stars in hopes of shedding light on the question of how early planetary systems may have formed after the big bang. C1 [Mashian, Natalie; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mashian, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nmashian@physics.harvard.edu FU NSF [AST-1312034]; National Science Foundation [DGE1144152] FX We are thankful to Sean Andrews and Karin Oberg for helpful discussions and feedback. This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-1312034. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE1144152. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 112 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 3 BP 2482 EP 2491 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1037 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT0WV UT WOS:000381204600015 ER PT J AU Nelson, D Genel, S Pillepich, A Vogelsberger, M Springel, V Hernquist, L AF Nelson, Dylan Genel, Shy Pillepich, Annalisa Vogelsberger, Mark Springel, Volker Hernquist, Lars TI Zooming in on accretion - I. The structure of halo gas SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes; cosmology: theory ID BARYONIC STRUCTURE SURVEY; STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; DARK-MATTER HALO; TO 2-3 GALAXIES; CIRCUMGALACTIC MEDIUM; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; MOVING-MESH; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; COLD STREAMS AB We study the properties of gas in and around 10(12) M-aS (TM) haloes at z = 2 using a suite of high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamic 'zoom' simulations. We quantify the thermal and dynamical structure of these gaseous reservoirs in terms of their mean radial distributions and angular variability along different sightlines. With each halo simulated at three levels of increasing resolution, the highest reaching a baryon mass resolution of similar to 10 000 solar masses, we study the interface between filamentary inflow and the quasi-static hot halo atmosphere. We highlight the discrepancy between the spatial resolution available in the halo gas as opposed to within the galaxy itself, and find that stream morphologies become increasingly complex at higher resolution, with large coherent flows revealing density and temperature structure at progressively smaller scales. Moreover, multiple gas components co-exist at the same radius within the halo, making radially averaged analyses misleading. This is particularly true where the hot, quasi-static, high entropy halo atmosphere interacts with cold, rapidly inflowing, low entropy accretion. Haloes at this mass have a well-defined virial shock, associated with a sharp jump in temperature and entropy at a parts per thousand(3) 1.25 r(vir). The presence, radius, and radial width of this boundary feature, however, vary not only from halo to halo, but also as a function of angular direction, covering roughly similar to 75 per cent of the 4 pi sphere. We investigate the process of gas virialization as imprinted in the halo structure, and discuss different modes for the accretion of gas from the intergalactic medium. C1 [Nelson, Dylan; Genel, Shy; Pillepich, Annalisa; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Nelson, Dylan] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Genel, Shy] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, Schloss Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, ARI, Monchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Nelson, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Nelson, D (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. EM dnelson@mpa-garching.mpg.de FU NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant from the STScI [HST-HF2-51341.001-A]; NASA [NAS5-26555, NNX12AC67G]; European Research Council under ERC-StG grant [EXAGAL-308037]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX DN would like to thank Vicente Rodriguez-Gomez for allowing us to use the SUBLINK merger tree code prior to its release, and Joshua Suresh for many useful discussions, comments, and suggestions. The computations presented in this paper were performed on the Odyssey cluster at Harvard University. SG acknowledges support for program number HST-HF2-51341.001-A provided by NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant from the STScI, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. VS acknowledges support by the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 100 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 3 BP 2881 EP 2904 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1191 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT0WV UT WOS:000381204600045 ER PT J AU Merluzzi, P Busarello, G Dopita, MA Haines, CP Steinhauser, D Bourdin, H Mazzotta, P AF Merluzzi, P. Busarello, G. Dopita, M. A. Haines, C. P. Steinhauser, D. Bourdin, H. Mazzotta, P. TI Shapley Supercluster Survey: ram-pressure stripping versus tidal interactions in the Shapley supercluster SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual: SC 1327-312; galaxies: clusters: individual: SC 1329-313; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: photometry; galaxies: stellar content ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LATE-TYPE GALAXIES; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; FIELD SPECTROGRAPH WIFES; STAR-FORMATION RATES; VIRGO CLUSTER; SPIRAL GALAXIES; DISK GALAXIES; XMM-NEWTON; MOVING MESH AB We present two new examples of galaxies undergoing transformation in the Shapley supercluster core. These low-mass galaxies are members of the two clusters SC 1329-313 and SC 1327-312 z similar to 0.049). Integral-field spectroscopy complemented by imaging in the bands and in H alpha narrow band is used to disentangle the effects of tidal interaction (TI) and ram-pressure stripping (RPS). In both galaxies, SOS 61086 and SOS 90630, we observe one-sided extraplanar ionized gas extending respectively similar to 30 and similar to 41 kpc in projection from their discs. The galaxies' gaseous discs are truncated, and the kinematics of the stellar and gas components are decoupled, supporting the RPS scenario. The emission of the ionized gas extends in the direction of a possible companion for both galaxies suggesting a TI. The overall gas velocity field of SOS 61086 is reproduced by ad hoc N-body/hydrodynamical simulations of RPS acting almost face-on and starting similar to 250 Myr ago, consistent with the age of the young stellar populations. A link between the observed gas stripping and the cluster-cluster interaction experienced by SC 1329-313 and A3562 is suggested. Simulations of ram pressure acting almost edge-on are able to fully reproduce the gas velocity field of SOS 90630, but cannot at the same time reproduce the extended tail of outflowing gas. This suggests that an additional disturbance from a TI is required. This study adds a piece of evidence that RPS may take place in different environments with different impacts and witnesses the possible effect of cluster-cluster merger on RPS. C1 [Merluzzi, P.; Busarello, G.] Osserv Astron Capodimonte, INAF, Via Moiariello 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Dopita, M. A.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Cotter Rd, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Dopita, M. A.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Astron, POB 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Haines, C. P.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile. [Haines, C. P.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, Via Brera 28, I-20121 Milan, Italy. [Steinhauser, D.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Particle Phys, Technikerstr 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Bourdin, H.; Mazzotta, P.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Bourdin, H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Merluzzi, P; Busarello, G (reprint author), Osserv Astron Capodimonte, INAF, Via Moiariello 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy.; Dopita, MA (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Cotter Rd, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.; Dopita, MA (reprint author), King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Astron, POB 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. EM merluzzi@na.astro.it; gianni@na.astro.it; michael.dopita@anu.edu.au RI Dopita, Michael/P-5413-2014; Faculty of, Sciences, KAU/E-7305-2017; Mazzotta, Pasquale/B-1225-2016; OI Dopita, Michael/0000-0003-0922-4986; Mazzotta, Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; Haines, Christopher/0000-0002-8814-8960 FU European Southern Observatory, Chile (ESO) [088.A-4008, 089.A-0095, 090.A-0094, 091.A-0050, 093.A-0465]; CONICYT [ACT-1122]; PRIN-INAF; Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP130103925]; Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University; Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy as part of the UniInfrastukturprogramm of the Focal Point Scientific Computing at the University of Innsbruck FX This work is based on data collected with (i) WiFeS at the 2.3 m telescope of the Australian National University at Siding Spring (Australia) and (ii) OmegaCAM at the ESO INAF-VLT Survey Telescope and VIRCAM at VISTA, both at the European Southern Observatory, Chile (ESO Programmes 088.A-4008, 089.A-0095, 090.A-0094, 091.A-0050, 093.A-0465). We thank the referee for the comments and corrections which improved the presentation of our work. We also thank Volker Springel for providing the simulation code AREPO and Tiziana Venturi for her help with the interpretation of the radio data. The optical imaging is collected at the VLT Survey Telescope using the Italian INAF Guaranteed Time of Observations and reduced by A. Grado and L. Limatola. CPH was funded by CONICYT Anillo project ACT-1122. PM and GB acknowledge financial support from PRIN-INAF2014: Galaxy Evolution from Cluster Cores to Filaments (PI: B. M. Poggianti). MAD acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council (ARC) through Discovery Project DP130103925, and he would also like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University for additional financial support as Distinguished Visiting Professor under the KAU Hi-Ci programme. DS acknowledges the support from the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy as part of the UniInfrastukturprogramm of the Focal Point Scientific Computing at the University of Innsbruck. NR 134 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 3 BP 3345 EP 3369 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1198 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT0WV UT WOS:000381204600080 ER PT J AU Zhou, G Latham, DW Bieryla, A Beatty, TG Buchhave, LA Esquerdo, GA Berlind, P Calkins, ML AF Zhou, George Latham, David W. Bieryla, Allyson Beatty, Thomas G. Buchhave, Lars A. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Berlind, Perry Calkins, Michael L. TI Spin-orbit alignment for KELT-7b and HAT-P-56b via Doppler tomography with TRES SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: individual: (KELT-7b; HAT-P-56b); planetary systems ID LINE-PROFILE TOMOGRAPHY; EQUILIBRIUM TIDE THEORY; MASSIVE HOT-JUPITER; STELLAR ROTATION; F-STAR; TRANSITING EXOPLANETS; PLANET MIGRATION; PROGRADE ORBIT; HIGH OBLIQUITY; SHORT-PERIOD AB We present Doppler tomographic analyses for the spectroscopic transits of KELT-7b and HAT-P-56b, two hot-Jupiters orbiting rapidly rotating F-dwarf host stars. These include analyses of archival Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph (TRES) observations for KELT-7b, and a new TRES transit observation of HAT-P-56b. We report spin-orbit aligned geometries for KELT-7b (2.degrees<7 +/- 0.degrees 6) and HAT-P-56b (8A degrees +/- 2A degrees). The host stars KELT-7 and HAT-P-56 are among some of the most rapidly rotating planet-hosting stars known. We examine the tidal re-alignment model for the evolution of the spin-orbit angle in the context of the spin rates of these stars. We find no evidence that the rotation rates of KELT-7 and HAT-P-56 have been modified by star-planet tidal interactions, suggesting that the spin-orbit angle of systems around these hot stars may represent their primordial configuration. In fact, KELT-7 and HAT-P-56 are two of three systems in supersynchronous, spin-orbit aligned states, where the rotation periods of the host stars are faster than the orbital periods of the planets. C1 [Zhou, George; Latham, David W.; Bieryla, Allyson; Buchhave, Lars A.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Berlind, Perry; Calkins, Michael L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Beatty, Thomas G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Beatty, Thomas G.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Zhou, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM george.zhou@cfa.harvard.edu NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 3 BP 3376 EP 3383 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw1107 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT0WV UT WOS:000381204600082 ER PT J AU De Palma, A Abrahamczyk, S Aizen, MA Albrecht, M Basset, Y Bates, A Blake, RJ Boutin, C Bugter, R Connop, S Cruz-Lopez, L Cunningham, SA Darvill, B Diekotter, T Dorn, S Downing, N Entling, MH Farwig, N Felicioli, A Fonte, SJ Fowler, R Franzen, M Goulson, D Grass, I Hanley, ME Hendrix, SD Herrmann, F Herzog, F Holzschuh, A Jauker, B Kessler, M Knight, ME Kruess, A Lavelle, P Le Feon, V Lentini, P Malone, LA Marshall, J Pachon, EM McFrederick, QS Morales, CL Mudri-Stojnic, S Nates-Parra, G Nilsson, SG Ockinger, E Osgathorpe, L Parra, A Peres, CA Persson, AS Petanidou, T Poveda, K Power, EF Quaranta, M Quintero, C Rader, R Richards, MH Roulston, T Rousseau, L Sadler, JP Samnegard, U Schellhorn, NA Schuepp, C Schweiger, O Smith-Pardo, AH Steffan-Dewenter, I Stout, JC Tonietto, RK Tscharntke, T Tylianakis, JM Verboven, HAF Vergara, CH Verhulst, J Westphal, C Yoon, HJ Purvis, A AF De Palma, Adriana Abrahamczyk, Stefan Aizen, Marcelo A. Albrecht, Matthias Basset, Yves Bates, Adam Blake, Robin J. Boutin, Celine Bugter, Rob Connop, Stuart Cruz-Lopez, Leopoldo Cunningham, Saul A. Darvill, Ben Diekoetter, Tim Dorn, Silvia Downing, Nicola Entling, Martin H. Farwig, Nina Felicioli, Antonio Fonte, Steven J. Fowler, Robert Franzen, Markus Goulson, Dave Grass, Ingo Hanley, Mick E. Hendrix, Stephen D. Herrmann, Farina Herzog, Felix Holzschuh, Andrea Jauker, Birgit Kessler, Michael Knight, M. E. Kruess, Andreas Lavelle, Patrick Le Feon, Violette Lentini, Pia Malone, Louise A. Marshall, Jon Pachon, Eliana Martinez McFrederick, Quinn S. Morales, Carolina L. Mudri-Stojnic, Sonja Nates-Parra, Guiomar Nilsson, Sven G. Ockinger, Erik Osgathorpe, Lynne Parra-H, Alejandro Peres, Carlos A. Persson, Anna S. Petanidou, Theodora Poveda, Katja Power, Eileen F. Quaranta, Marino Quintero, Carolina Rader, Romina Richards, Miriam H. Roulston, T'ai Rousseau, Laurent Sadler, Jonathan P. Samnegard, Ulrika Schellhorn, Nancy A. Schuepp, Christof Schweiger, Oliver Smith-Pardo, Allan H. Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf Stout, Jane C. Tonietto, Rebecca K. Tscharntke, Teja Tylianakis, Jason M. Verboven, Hans A. F. Vergara, Carlos H. Verhulst, Jort Westphal, Catrin Yoon, Hyung Joo Purvis, Andy TI Predicting bee community responses to land-use changes: Effects of geographic and taxonomic biases SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID BOMBUS SPP. HYMENOPTERA; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; SPECIES RICHNESS; POLLINATOR DECLINES; DIVERSITY HYMENOPTERA; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; USE INTENSIFICATION; ECOLOGICAL TRAITS; WILD POLLINATORS; FORAGING RANGE AB Land-use change and intensification threaten bee populations worldwide, imperilling pollination services. Global models are needed to better characterise, project, and mitigate bees' responses to these human impacts. The available data are, however, geographically and taxonomically unrepresentative; most data are from North America and Western Europe, overrepresenting bumblebees and raising concerns that model results may not be generalizable to other regions and taxa. To assess whether the geographic and taxonomic biases of data could undermine effectiveness of models for conservation policy, we have collated from the published literature a global dataset of bee diversity at sites facing land-use change and intensification, and assess whether bee responses to these pressures vary across 11 regions (Western, Northern, Eastern and Southern Europe; North, Central and South America; Australia and New Zealand; South East Asia; Middle and Southern Africa) and between bumblebees and other bees. Our analyses highlight strong regionally-based responses of total abundance, species richness and Simpson's diversity to land use, caused by variation in the sensitivity of species and potentially in the nature of threats. These results suggest that global extrapolation of models based on geographically and taxonomically restricted data may underestimate the true uncertainty, increasing the risk of ecological surprises. C1 [De Palma, Adriana; Tylianakis, Jason M.; Purvis, Andy] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, Silwood Pk Campus,Buckhurst Rd, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [De Palma, Adriana; Purvis, Andy] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England. [Abrahamczyk, Stefan] Univ Bonn, Nees Inst Plant Biodivers, Meckenheimer Allee 170, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Aizen, Marcelo A.; Morales, Carolina L.; Quintero, Carolina] Univ Nacl Comahue, CONICET, INIBIOMA, Lab Ecotono, Quintral 1250, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Albrecht, Matthias] Agroscope, Inst Sustainabil Sci, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Basset, Yves] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Bates, Adam] Nottingham Trent Univ, Biosci, Nottingham NG11 8NS, England. [Blake, Robin J.] Univ Reading, Sch Agr Policy & Dev, Ctr Agri Environm Res, Reading RG6 6AR, Berks, England. [Boutin, Celine] Carleton Univ, Sci & Technol Branch, Environm & Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. [Bugter, Rob] Part Wageningen Univ & Res, Alterra, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Connop, Stuart] Univ East London, Sustainabil Res Inst, 4-6 Univ Way, London E16 2RD, England. [Cruz-Lopez, Leopoldo] El Colegio Frontera ECOSUR, Grp Ecol & Manejo Artropodos, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2-5, Chiapas 30700, Mexico. [Cunningham, Saul A.] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Darvill, Ben] Univ Stirling, British Trust Ornithol Scotland Biol & Environm S, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Diekoetter, Tim] Univ Kiel, Inst Nat Resource Conservat, Dept Landscape Ecol, Olshausenstr 75, D-24118 Kiel, Germany. [Diekoetter, Tim] Univ Marburg, Nat Conservat, Dept Biol, Marburg, Germany. [Diekoetter, Tim] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Integrat Biol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Dorn, Silvia] ETH, Appl Entomol, Schmelzbergstr 7-LFO, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Downing, Nicola] RSPB, Scottish Headquarters 2 Lochside View, Edinburgh EH12 9DH, Midlothian, Scotland. [Entling, Martin H.] Univ Koblenz Landau, Inst Environm Sci, Fortstr 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany. [Farwig, Nina] Univ Marburg, Fac Biol, Conservat Ecol, Karl von Frisch Str 8, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Felicioli, Antonio] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Sci Vet, Viale Piagge 2, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Fonte, Steven J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Fowler, Robert; Goulson, Dave] Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. [Franzen, Markus; Schweiger, Oliver] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Community Ecol, Theodor Lieser Str 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Grass, Ingo; Herrmann, Farina; Tscharntke, Teja; Westphal, Catrin] Univ Gottingen, Dept Crop Sci, Agroecol, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Hanley, Mick E.; Knight, M. E.] Univ Plymouth, Sch Biol Sci, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England. [Hendrix, Stephen D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Biol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Herzog, Felix] Agroscope, Inst Sustainabil Sci, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Holzschuh, Andrea; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf] Univ Wurzburg, Bioctr, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Jauker, Birgit] Univ Giessen, Dept Anim Ecol, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Kessler, Michael] Inst Systemat & Evolutionare Bot, Zurich, Switzerland. [Kruess, Andreas] Fed Agcy Nat Conservat, BfN, Dept Ecol & Conservat Fauna & Flora, Konstantinstr 110, D-53179 Bonn, Germany. [Lavelle, Patrick] IRD, F-93143 Bondy, France. [Lavelle, Patrick] CIAT, Trop Soil Biol & Fertil Program, Latin Amer & Caribbean Reg, Cali, Colombia. [Le Feon, Violette] INRA, UR Abeilles & Environm 406, CS 40509, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Lentini, Pia] Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Malone, Louise A.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Auckland Mail Ctr, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. [Marshall, Jon] Marshall Agroecol Ltd, 2 Nut Tree Cottages, Barton BS25 1DU, Winscombe, England. [Pachon, Eliana Martinez; Nates-Parra, Guiomar] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, Bogota, Colombia. [McFrederick, Quinn S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Mudri-Stojnic, Sonja] Univ Novi Sad, Fac Sci, Dept Biol & Ecol, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia. [Nilsson, Sven G.; Persson, Anna S.] Lund Univ, Dept Biol, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Ockinger, Erik] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Box 7044, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Osgathorpe, Lynne] RSPB, UK Headquarters Lodge, Sandy, Beds, England. [Parra-H, Alejandro] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, Lab Invest Abejas,LABUN, Carrera 45 26-85,Edif Uriel Gutierrez, Bogota, Colombia. [Parra-H, Alejandro] Corp Gest Serv Ecosistem Polinizac & Abejas SEPyA, Bogota, Colombia. [Peres, Carlos A.] Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Petanidou, Theodora] Univ Aegean, Dept Geog, Lab Biogeog & Ecol, Mitilini 81100, Greece. [Poveda, Katja] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Power, Eileen F.; Stout, Jane C.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Nat Sci, Bot, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Quaranta, Marino] Consiglio Ric Agr Anal Econ Agr, CREA ABP, Ctr Ric Agrobiol & Pedol, Via Lanciola 12-A, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Rader, Romina] Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia. [Richards, Miriam H.] Brock Univ, Dept Biol Sci, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. [Roulston, T'ai] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Roulston, T'ai] Blandy Expt Farm, 400 Blandy Farm Lane, Boyce, VA 22620 USA. [Rousseau, Laurent] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, CP 8888,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Sadler, Jonathan P.] Univ Birmingham, GEES Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Samnegard, Ulrika] Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Schellhorn, Nancy A.] CSIRO, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia. [Schuepp, Christof] Univ Bern, Inst Ecol & Evolut Community Ecol, Baltzerstr 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Smith-Pardo, Allan H.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Plant Protect & Quarantine, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Smith-Pardo, Allan H.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Medellin UNALMED, Fac Sci, Bogota, Colombia. [Tonietto, Rebecca K.] Northwestern Univ, Plant Biol & Conservat, 2205 Tech Dr,OT Hogan Hall Rm 2-1444, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Tonietto, Rebecca K.] Chicago Bot Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Rd, Glencoe, IL 60011 USA. [Tonietto, Rebecca K.] St Louis Univ, Dept Bot, 3507 Laclede Ave,Macelwane Hall, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Tylianakis, Jason M.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Verboven, Hans A. F.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Div Forest Nat & Landscape, Celestijnenlaan 200E, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Vergara, Carlos H.] Univ Americas Puebla, Dept Ciencias Quim Biol, Cholula, Pue, Mexico. [Verhulst, Jort] Spotvogellaan 68, NL-2566 PN The Hague, Netherlands. [Yoon, Hyung Joo] Natl Inst Agr Sci, RDA, Dept Agr Biol, Wanju Gun 55365, Jellabuk Do, South Korea. RP De Palma, A (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, Silwood Pk Campus,Buckhurst Rd, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. EM adrid@nhm.ac.uk RI Purvis, Andy/A-7529-2008; Herzog, Felix/B-1911-2009; Entling, Martin/C-6953-2008; Kessler, Michael/A-3605-2009; Peres, Carlos/B-1276-2013; Cunningham, Saul/B-9947-2009; Schweiger, Oliver/B-4909-2008; Jauker, Birgit/A-6281-2009; Schellhorn, Nancy/B-6716-2009; OI Aizen, Marcelo/0000-0001-9079-9749; Lentini, Pia/0000-0002-3520-3460; Purvis, Andy/0000-0002-8609-6204; De Palma, Adriana/0000-0002-5345-4917; Peres, Carlos/0000-0002-1588-8765; Cunningham, Saul/0000-0003-0703-6893; Schweiger, Oliver/0000-0001-8779-2335; Jauker, Birgit/0000-0001-5027-9351; Fowler, Robert/0000-0002-5246-8831; Quaranta, Marino/0000-0003-0082-4555 FU BBSRC [BB/F017324/1]; NERC [NE/J011193/1, NE/M014533/1] FX We are grateful to all members of the PREDICTS team who aided in the collation and curation of data. We are especially grateful to all the many researchers who have made their data available to us. This paper is a contribution from the Imperial College Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment Initiative. The PREDICTS project is endorsed by the GEO BON. We thank BBSRC (grant BB/F017324/1 to ADP) and NERC (grant NE/J011193/1 and NE/M014533/1 to AP) for support. NR 133 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 70 U2 92 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD AUG 11 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 31153 DI 10.1038/srep31153 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT0VL UT WOS:000381201000001 PM 27509831 ER PT J AU Ivanenko, VN Antonenko, EA Gelfand, MS Yager, J Ferrari, FD AF Ivanenko, Viacheslav N. Antonenko, Ekaterina A. Gelfand, Mikhail S. Yager, Jill Ferrari, Frank D. TI Changes in segmentation and setation along the anterior/posterior axis of the homonomous trunk limbs of a remipede (Crustacea, Arthropoda) SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Remipedia; Crustacea; Arthropoda; Development; Thoracic limbs; Setation; Polynomial regressions; Vectors; Comparative morphology; Segmentation ID POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; BELIZE AB This is study 'describes the he segmentation and setation at different if f e re n t developmental stages' of the homnnomous trunk limbs of the remipede Speleonectes tulumensis yager, 1987 collected in anchialine caves of the Yucatau Peninsula: Most homonomous trunk limbs originate ventrolaterally and are compared of two protopodal segments three exopodal segments and four endopodal segments, contralateral limb pairs are united by a sternal bar.However, the last few Posterior limbs originate ventrally are smller sized, and have regressively fewer segments, suggesting that limb development Passes through several intermediate steps beginning with a limb bud. A terminal stage of development is proposed for specimens on which the posterior somiae bears a simple bilobate limb bud, and the adjacent somite bears a limb with a protopod comprised of a coxapod and basipod, and with three exopodal and four endopodal segments. On each trunk limb there are 20 serially homologous groups of setae, and the numbers of setae on different limbs usually varies. These groups of setae are arranged linearly and are identified based on the morphology of the setae and their position on the segments. The number of setae in these group increases gradually from the anterior homonomous limb to a maximum between limbs 8-12; the number then decreases sharply on the more posterior limbs. Changes in the number of setae, which reach a maximum between trunk limbs 8-12, differ from changes in segmentation which vary only over the last few posterior trunk limbs. F llowinga vector analysisthat identified a spatial Patternfor these20 groups of setae among the different homonomous limbs, the hypothesis was confirmed that the number of setae in any given group and any given limb is correlated with group, with the position of the somite along the body axis, and with the number of somtes present on the specimens.This is the first vector analysis used to analyze a Pattern of developmental changes in serially homologs of an arthropod. Development of remipede limbs are compared and contrasted with similar copepod limbs.Architecture, particularly the sternal bar uniting contralateral limb pairs, proposed as homologous, and development of trunk limb segmentation of the remipede is generally similar to that of copepods, but the remipede limb differs in several ways including an additional endopodal segment, the proximal, that appears simultaneously with the protopod during development. C1 [Ivanenko, Viacheslav N.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Moscow, Russia. [Antonenko, Ekaterina A.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Mech & Math, Moscow, Russia. [Gelfand, Mikhail S.] AA Kharkcvich Inst Information Transmiss Problems, Moscow, Russia. [Gelfand, Mikhail S.] Skolkovo Inst Sci & Technol, Skolkovo, Moscow Region, Russia. [Gelfand, Mikhail S.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Bioengn & Bioinformat, Moscow, Russia. [Yager, Jill] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC USA. RP Ivanenko, VN (reprint author), Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Moscow, Russia. EM ivanenko.slava@gmail.com RI Ivanenko, Viatcheslav/B-8198-2008 OI Ivanenko, Viatcheslav/0000-0003-1255-0491 FU travel grant of the Smithsonian Office of Fellowships; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [15-29-02601, 15-04-07554]; Russian Science Foundation [14-24-00155, 14-50-00029] FX Observation and dissection of the specimens was supported by travel grant of the Smithsonian Office of Fellowships. Comparative morphological analysis was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (#15-29-02601); statistical analysis and vector decomposition were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (#14-24-00155); modeling of limb setation and segmentation were supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (#15-04-07554), illustrative work and processing of the paper were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (#14-50-00029). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 9 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 4 AR e2305 DI 10.7717/peerj.2305 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT1QK UT WOS:000381257000003 PM 27602276 ER PT J AU Burkhart, B Lazarian, A AF Burkhart, Blakesley Lazarian, A. TI THE PHASE COHERENCE OF INTERSTELLAR DENSITY FLUCTUATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: structure; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); turbulence ID SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; MHD TURBULENCE; VELOCITY ANISOTROPY; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; NEUTRAL HYDROGEN; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; POWER SPECTRUM; HELIOSHEATH AB Studies of MHD turbulence often investigate the Fourier power spectrum to provide information on the nature of the turbulence cascade. However, the Fourier power spectrum only contains the Fourier amplitudes and rejects all information regarding the Fourier phases. Here, we investigate the utility of two statistical diagnostics for recovering information on Fourier phases in ISM column density maps: the averaged amplitudes of the bispectrum and the phase coherence index (PCI), a new phase technique for the ISM. We create three-dimensional density and two-dimensional column density maps using a set of simulations of isothermal ideal MHD turbulence with a wide range of sonic and Alfvenic Mach numbers. We find that the bispectrum averaged along different angles with respect to either the k1 or k2 axis is primarily sensitive to the sonic Mach number while averaging the bispectral amplitudes over different annuli is sensitive to both the sonic and Alfvenic Mach numbers. The PCI of density suggests that the most correlated phases occur in supersonic sub-Alfvenic turbulence and near the shock scale. This suggests that nonlinear interactions with correlated phases are strongest in shock-dominated regions, in agreement with findings from the solar wind. Our results suggest that the phase information contained in the bispectrum and PCI can be used to find the turbulence parameters in column density maps. C1 [Burkhart, Blakesley] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lazarian, A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, 475 N Charter St, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Burkhart, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NASA Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship FX The research of B.B. is supported by the NASA Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 26 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/26 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500026 ER PT J AU Di Stefano, R Ray, A AF Di Stefano, R. Ray, A. TI GLOBULAR CLUSTERS AS CRADLES OF LIFE AND ADVANCED CIVILIZATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: star clusters: general; globular clusters: general; planetary systems; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability ID PLANETARY SYSTEMS; STELLAR CLUSTERS; STAR-CLUSTERS; SOLAR-SYSTEM; SEARCH; METALLICITIES; DYNAMICS; SETI; M4; HABITABILITY AB Globular clusters are ancient stellar populations in compact dense ellipsoids. There is no star formation and there are no core-collapse supernovae, but several lines of evidence suggest that globular clusters are rich in planets. If so, and if advanced civilizations can develop there, then the distances between these civilizations and other stars would be far smaller than typical distances between stars in the Galactic disk, facilitating interstellar communication and travel. The potent combination of long-term stability and high stellar densities. provides a globular cluster opportunity. Yet the very proximity that promotes interstellar travel also brings danger, as stellar interactions can destroy planetary systems. We find, however, that large portions of many globular clusters are "sweet spots," where habitable-zone planetary orbits are stable for long times. Globular clusters in our own and other galaxies are, therefore, among the best targets for searches for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). We use the Drake equation to compare the likelihood of advanced civilizations in globular clusters to that in the Galactic disk. We also consider free-floating planets,. since wide-orbit planets can be ejected to travel through the cluster. Civilizations spawned in globular clusters may be able to establish self-sustaining outposts, reducing the probability that a single catastrophic event will destroy the civilization. Although individual civilizations may follow different evolutionary paths, or even be destroyed, the cluster may continue to host advanced civilizations. once a small number have jumped across interstellar space. Civilizations residing in globular clusters could therefore, in a sense, be immortal. C1 [Di Stefano, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ray, A.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. RP Di Stefano, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rdistefano@cfa.harvard.edu; akr@tifr.res.in FU Fulbright Foundation; 12th Plan project [12P-0261] FX This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. R.D. would like to thank Kevin Hand for discussions. A.R. wishes to thank the Fulbright Foundation for a Fulbright-Nehru Fellowship during his sabbatical leave from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, and the Director and staff of the Institute of Theory and Computation, Harvard University for their hospitality during this visit. At Tata Institute this research was supported by 12th Plan project grant No. 12P-0261. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 54 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/54 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500054 ER PT J AU Dupuy, TJ Forbrich, J Rizzuto, A Mann, AW Aller, K Liu, MC Kraus, AL Berger, E AF Dupuy, Trent J. Forbrich, Jan Rizzuto, Aaron Mann, Andrew W. Aller, Kimberly Liu, Michael C. Kraus, Adam L. Berger, Edo TI HIGH-PRECISION RADIO AND INFRARED ASTROMETRY OF LSPM J1314+1320AB. II. TESTING PREMAIN-SEQUENCE MODELS AT THE LITHIUM DEPLETION BOUNDARY WITH DYNAMICAL MASSES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; binaries: visual; parallaxes; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: individual (LSPM J1314+1320); stars: pre-main sequence ID VERY-LOW-MASS; PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE; INTEGRAL-FIELD SPECTROGRAPH; STELLAR KINEMATIC GROUPS; SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION; PICTORIS MOVING GROUP; ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; BINARY NLTT 33370; LATE-M DWARFS AB We present novel tests of pre-main-sequence models based on individual dynamical masses for the M7 binary LSPM J1314+1320AB. Joint analysis of Keck adaptive optics astrometric monitoring along with Very Long Baseline Array radio data from a companion paper yield component masses of 92.8 +/- 0.6 M-Jup (0.0885 +/- 0.0006 M-circle dot) and 91.7 +/- 1.0 M-Jup (0.0875 +/- 0.0010 M-circle dot) and a parallactic distance of 17.249 +/- 0.013 pc. We find component luminosities consistent with the system being coeval at 80.8 +/- 2.5 Myr, according to BHAC15 evolutionary models. The presence of lithium is consistent with model predictions, marking the first test of the theoretical lithium depletion boundary using ultracool dwarfs of known mass. However, we find that the evolutionary model-derived average effective temperature (2950 +/- 5K) is 180 K hotter than that given by a spectral type-T-eff relation based on BT-Settl models (2770 +/- 100 K). We suggest that the dominant source of this discrepancy is model radii being too small by approximate to 13%. In a test mimicking the typical application of models by observers, we derive masses on the H-R diagram using luminosity and BT-Settl temperature. The estimated masses are lower by 46(-19)(+16)% 16 (2.0 sigma) than we measure dynamically and would imply that this is a system of approximate to 50M(Jup) brown dwarfs, highlighting the large systematic errors possible in H-R diagram properties. This is the first time masses have been measured for ultracool (>= M6) dwarfs displaying spectral signatures of low gravity. Based on features in the infrared, LSPM J1314+1320AB appears to have higher gravity than typical Pleiades and AB. Dor members, opposite the expectation given its younger age. The components of LSPM J1314+1320AB are now the nearest, lowest mass pre-main-sequence stars with direct mass measurements. C1 [Dupuy, Trent J.; Rizzuto, Aaron; Mann, Andrew W.; Kraus, Adam L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Forbrich, Jan] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, Turkenschanzstr 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Forbrich, Jan; Berger, Edo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Aller, Kimberly; Liu, Michael C.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Dupuy, TJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. FU NASA Keck PI Data Award; NASA FX This work was supported by a NASA Keck PI Data Award, administered by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. We thank Will Best for assistance with some Keck/NIRC2 observations. It is a pleasure to thank Joel Aycock, Carolyn Jordan, Jason McIlroy, Luca Rizzi, Terry Stickel, Hien Tran, and the Keck Observatory staff for assistance with our Keck AO observations. We also thank P. K. G. Williams, Michael Ireland, Katelyn Allers, Joshua Schlieder, and Mark Reid for useful discussions. The anonymous referee provided a remarkably rapid and thoughtful review that helped refine our discussion. James R. A. Davenport for distributing his IDL implementation of the cubehelix color scheme (Green 2011). Our research has employed the 2MASS data products; NASA's Astrophysical Data System; data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and curated by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive; and the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. Finally, the authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. NR 97 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 23 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/23 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500023 ER PT J AU Forbrich, J Dupuy, TJ Reid, MJ Berger, E Rizzuto, A Mann, AW Liu, MC Aller, K Kraus, AL AF Forbrich, Jan Dupuy, Trent J. Reid, Mark J. Berger, Edo Rizzuto, Aaron Mann, Andrew W. Liu, Michael C. Aller, Kimberly Kraus, Adam L. TI HIGH-PRECISION RADIO AND INFRARED ASTROMETRY OF LSPM J1314+1320AB. I. PARALLAX, PROPER MOTIONS, AND LIMITS ON PLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; radio continuum: stars; stars: individual (LSPM J1314+1320); stars: low-mass; techniques: high angular resolution ID DETECTING OUTER PLANETS; BINARY NLTT 33370; LOW-MASS STARS; ULTRACOOL DWARF; HABITABLE PLANETS; PERIODIC RADIO; TVLM 513-46546; NORTH CATALOG; SENSITIVITY; EMISSION AB We present multi-epoch astrometric radio observations with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) of the young ultracool-dwarf binary LSPM J1314+1320AB. The radio emission comes from the secondary star. Combining the VLBA data with Keck near-infrared adaptive-optics observations of both components, a full astrometric fit of parallax (pi(abs) = 57.975 +/- 0.045 mas, corresponding to a distance of d = 17.249 +/- 0.013 pc), proper motion (mu(alpha cos-delta) = -247.99 +/- 0.10 mas yr(-1), mu(delta) = -183.58 +/- 0.22 mas yr(-1)), and orbital motion is obtained. Despite the fact that the two components have nearly identical masses to within +/- 2%, the secondary's radio emission exceeds that of the primary by a factor of greater than or similar to 30, suggesting a difference in stellar rotation history, which could result in different magnetic field configurations. Alternatively, the emission could be anisotropic and beamed toward us for the secondary but not for the primary. Using only reflex motion, we exclude planets of mass 0.7-10. M-jup with orbital periods of 600-10 days, respectively. Additionally, we use the full orbital solution of the binary to derive an upper limit for the semimajor axis of 0.23. au for stable planetary orbits within this system. These limits cover a parameter space that is inaccessible with, and complementary to, near-infrared radial velocity surveys of ultracool dwarfs. Our absolute astrometry will constitute an important test for the astrometric calibration of Gaia. C1 [Forbrich, Jan] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, Turkenschanzstr 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Forbrich, Jan; Reid, Mark J.; Berger, Edo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dupuy, Trent J.; Rizzuto, Aaron; Mann, Andrew W.; Kraus, Adam L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Liu, Michael C.; Aller, Kimberly] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Forbrich, J (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, Turkenschanzstr 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria.; Forbrich, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/22 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500022 ER PT J AU Han, C Udalski, A Lee, CU Gould, A Bozza, V Szymanski, MK Soszynski, I Skowron, J Mroz, P Poleski, R Pietrukowicz, P Kozlowski, S Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Pawlak, M Albrow, MD Chung, SJ Kim, SL Cha, SM Jung, YK Kim, DJ Lee, Y Park, BG Ryu, YH Shin, IG Yee, JC AF Han, C. Udalski, A. Lee, C. -U. Gould, A. Bozza, V. Szymanski, M. K. Soszynski, I. Skowron, J. Mroz, P. Poleski, R. Pietrukowicz, P. Kozlowski, S. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Pawlak, M. Albrow, M. D. Chung, S. -J. Kim, S. -L. Cha, S. -M. Jung, Y. K. Kim, D. -J. Lee, Y. Park, B. -G. Ryu, Y. -H. Shin, I. -G. Yee, J. C. CA OGLE Collaboration KMTNet Collaboration TI SPACE-BASED MICROLENS PARALLAX OBSERVATION AS A WAY TO RESOLVE THE SEVERE DEGENERACY BETWEEN MICROLENS-PARALLAX AND LENS-ORBITAL EFFECTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; gravitational lensing: micro ID BINARY-LENS; SPITZER OBSERVATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL LENS; SATELLITE MASS; PARAMETERS; DISTANCE; EVENTS; STAR AB In this paper, we demonstrate the severity of the degeneracy between the microlens-parallax and lens-orbital effects by presenting the analysis of the gravitational binary-lens event OGLE-2015-BLG-0768. Despite the obvious deviation from the model based on the linear observer motion and the static binary, it is found that the residual can be almost equally well explained by either the parallactic motion of the Earth or the rotation of the binary-lens axis, resulting in the severe degeneracy between the two effects. We show that the degeneracy can be readily resolved with the additional data provided by space-based microlens parallax observations. By enabling us. to distinguish between the two higher-order effects, space-based microlens parallax observations will not only. make it possible to. accurately determine the physical lens parameters but also to further constrain the orbital parameters of binary lenses. C1 [Han, C.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Udalski, A.; Szymanski, M. K.; Soszynski, I.; Skowron, J.; Mroz, P.; Poleski, R.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Kozlowski, S.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Pawlak, M.] Univ Warsaw Observ, Al Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Lee, C. -U.; Gould, A.; Chung, S. -J.; Kim, S. -L.; Cha, S. -M.; Kim, D. -J.; Lee, Y.; Park, B. -G.; Ryu, Y. -H.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon 34055, South Korea. [Gould, A.; Poleski, R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gould, A.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bozza, V.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, Via Giovanni Paolo 2, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Bozza, V.] IIASS, Via G Pellegrino 19, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Albrow, M. D.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. [Cha, S. -M.; Lee, Y.] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 17104, South Korea. [Jung, Y. K.; Shin, I. -G.; Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Han, C (reprint author), Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. RI Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014 OI Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730 FU Creative Research Initiative Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO [2014/14/A/ST9/00121]; JPL grant [1500811] FX Work by C.H. was supported by the Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of the National Research Foundation of Korea. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to au. The. OGLE Team thanks Profs. M. Kubiak and G. Pietrzynski, former members of the OGLE team, for their contribution to the collection of the OGLE photometric data over the past years. Work by A.G. was supported by JPL grant 1500811. We acknowledge the highspeed internet service (KREONET) provided by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI). The KMTNet telescopes are operated by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI). NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 11 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/11 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500011 ER PT J AU Jiang, YF Davis, SW Stone, JM AF Jiang, Yan-Fei Davis, Shane W. Stone, James M. TI IRON OPACITY BUMP CHANGES THE STABILITY AND STRUCTURE OF ACCRETION DISKS IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); methods: numerical; radiative transfer ID X-RAY EXCESS; BLACK-HOLES; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; BINARY-SYSTEMS; INSTABILITY; QUASARS; SIMULATIONS; CONTINUUM; EMISSION; WINDS AB Accretion disks around supermassive black holes have regions where the Rosseland mean opacity can be larger than the electron scattering opacity due to the large number of bound-bound transitions in iron. We study the effects of this iron opacity "bump" on the thermal stability and vertical structure of radiation-pressure-dominated accretion disks, utilizing three-dimensional radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations in the local shearing box approximation. The simulations self-consistently calculate the heating due to MHD turbulence caused by magneto-rotational instability and radiative cooling by using the radiative transfer module based on a variable Eddington tensor in ATHENA. For a 5 x 10(8) solar mass black hole with similar to 3% of the Eddington luminosity, a model including the iron opacity bump maintains its structure for more than 10 thermal times without showing significant signs of thermal runaway. In contrast, if only electron scattering and free-free opacity are included as in the standard thin disk model, the disk collapses on the thermal timescale. The difference is caused by a combination of (1) an anti-correlation between the total optical depth and the midplane pressure, and (2) enhanced vertical advective energy transport. These results suggest that the iron opacity bump may have a strong impact on the stability and structure of active galactic nucleus (AGN) accretion disks, and may contribute to a dependence of AGN properties on metallicity. Since this opacity is relevant primarily in UV emitting regions of the flow, it may help to explain discrepancies between observation and theory that are unique to AGNs. C1 [Jiang, Yan-Fei] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Davis, Shane W.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, POB 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Stone, James M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Jiang, YF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575]; NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship - Chandra X-ray Center [PF3-140109]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; Sloan Foundation Research Fellowship; NSF [AST-1333091] FX Y.F.J. thanks Omer Blaes, Jeremy Goodman, Daniel Proga, Julian Krolik, and Eliot Quataert for helpful discussions and comments. We also thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments that improved the paper. This work benefited from our participation in an International Space Science Institute meeting. This work was supported by the computational resources provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center; the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1053575; and the computer cluster Rivanna at the University of Virginia. Y.F.J. is supported by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF3-140109 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. S.W.D. is supported by a Sloan Foundation Research Fellowship. We acknowledge support from NSF grant AST-1333091 "Collaborative Research: black hole Accretion Theory and Computation Network." NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 10 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/10 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500010 ER PT J AU Kostov, VB Orosz, JA Welsh, WF Doyle, LR Fabrycky, DC Haghighipour, N Quarles, B Short, DR Cochran, WD Endl, M Ford, EB Gregorio, J Hinse, TC Isaacson, H Jenkins, JM Jensen, ELN Kane, S Kull, I Latham, DW Lissauer, JJ Marcy, GW Mazeh, T Muller, TWA Pepper, J Quinn, SN Ragozzine, D Shporer, A Steffen, JH Torres, G Windmiller, G Borucki, WJ AF Kostov, Veselin B. Orosz, Jerome A. Welsh, William F. Doyle, Laurance R. Fabrycky, Daniel C. Haghighipour, Nader Quarles, Billy Short, Donald R. Cochran, William D. Endl, Michael Ford, Eric B. Gregorio, Joao Hinse, Tobias C. Isaacson, Howard Jenkins, Jon M. Jensen, Eric L. N. Kane, Stephen Kull, Ilya Latham, David W. Lissauer, Jack J. Marcy, Geoffrey W. Mazeh, Tsevi Mueller, Tobias W. A. Pepper, Joshua Quinn, Samuel N. Ragozzine, Darin Shporer, Avi Steffen, Jason H. Torres, Guillermo Windmiller, Gur Borucki, William J. TI KEPLER-1647B: THE LARGEST AND LONGEST-PERIOD KEPLER TRANSITING CIRCUMBINARY PLANET SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; planetary systems; stars: individual (KIC-5473556, Kepler-1647); techniques: photometric ID TERRESTRIAL EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; CLOSE BINARY-SYSTEMS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; M-CIRCLE-DOT; ECLIPSING BINARIES; CM-DRACONIS; TIDAL-EVOLUTION; DATA RELEASE; SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; ECHELLE-SPECTROMETER AB We report the discovery of a new Kepler transiting circumbinary planet (CBP). This latest addition to the stillsmall family of CBPs defies the current trend of known short-period planets orbiting near the stability limit of binary stars. Unlike the previous discoveries, the planet revolving around the eclipsing binary system Kepler-1647 has a very long orbital period (similar to 1100 days) and was at conjunction only twice during the Kepler mission lifetime. Due to the singular configuration of the system, Kepler-1647b is not only the longest-period transiting CBP at the time of writing, but also one of the longest-period transiting planets. With a radius of 1.06 +/- 0.01 RJup, it is also the largest CBP to date. The planet produced three transits in the light curve of Kepler-1647 (one of them during an eclipse, creating a syzygy) and measurably perturbed the times of the stellar eclipses, allowing us to measure its mass, 1.52 +/- 0.65M(Jup). The planet revolves around an 11-day period eclipsing binary consisting of two solar-mass stars on a slightly inclined, mildly eccentric (e(bin) = 0.16), spin-synchronized orbit. Despite having an orbital period three times longer than Earth's, Kepler-1647b is in the conservative habitable zone of the binary star throughout its orbit. C1 [Kostov, Veselin B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Orosz, Jerome A.; Welsh, William F.; Short, Donald R.; Windmiller, Gur] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Doyle, Laurance R.] SETI Inst, 189 Bernardo Ave, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Welsh, William F.] IMoP, Principia Coll, One Maybeck Pl, Elsah, IL 62028 USA. [Fabrycky, Daniel C.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Haghighipour, Nader] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Quarles, Billy] Univ Nebraska, Dept Phys & Phys Sci, Kearney, NE 68849 USA. [Quarles, Billy] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci Div MS 245 3, Code SST, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Cochran, William D.; Endl, Michael] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ford, Eric B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 428A Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Gregorio, Joao] Atalaia Grp, Portalegre, Portugal. [Gregorio, Joao] Crow Observ, Portalegre, Portugal. [Hinse, Tobias C.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst KASI, Adv Astron & Space Sci Div, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. [Hinse, Tobias C.] Armagh Observ, Coll Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland. [Isaacson, Howard; Marcy, Geoffrey W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jenkins, Jon M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Jenkins, Jon M.; Lissauer, Jack J.; Borucki, William J.] Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. [Kane, Stephen] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Kull, Ilya; Mazeh, Tsevi] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Latham, David W.; Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mueller, Tobias W. A.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Morgenstelle 10, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Pepper, Joshua] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Quinn, Samuel N.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 25 Pk Pl NE Suite 600, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Ragozzine, Darin] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Space Sci, 150 W Univ Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Shporer, Avi] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Steffen, Jason H.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Kostov, VB (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM veselin.b.kostov@nasa.gov OI Jensen, Eric/0000-0002-4625-7333; /0000-0001-6545-639X; Pepper, Joshua/0000-0002-3827-8417 FU NASA's Science Mission Directorate; TRES instrument on the Fred L. Whipple Observatory 1.5 m telescope; Tull Coude Spectrograph on the McDonald Observatory 2.7 m Harlan J. Smith Telescope; HIRES instrument on the W. M. Keck Observatory 10 m telescope; HamSpec instrument on the Lick Observatory 3.5 m Shane telescope; WHIRC instrument on the WIYN 4 m telescope; Swarthmore College Observatory 0.6 m telescope; Canela's Robotic Observatory 0.3 m telescope; NASA under the Exoplanet Exploration Program; NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center; NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Ames Research Center; NASA [NNX13AI76G, NNX14AB91G]; NASA ADAP program [NNX13AF20G]; NASA PAST program [NNX14AJ38G]; KASI research grant [2015-1-850-04]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program FX We thank the referee for the insightful comments that helped us improve this paper. We thank Gibor Basri and Andrew Collier Cameron for helpful discussions regarding stellar activity, and Michael Abdul-Masih, Kyle Conroy, and Andrej Prsa for discussing the photometric centroid shifts and John Hood for his support. This research used observations from the Kepler mission, which is funded by NASA's Science Mission Directorate; the TRES instrument on the Fred L. Whipple Observatory 1.5 m telescope; the Tull Coude Spectrograph on the McDonald Observatory 2.7 m Harlan J. Smith Telescope; the HIRES instrument on the W. M. Keck Observatory 10 m telescope; the HamSpec instrument on the Lick Observatory 3.5 m Shane telescope; the WHIRC instrument on the WIYN 4 m telescope; the Swarthmore College Observatory 0.6 m telescope; and the Canela's Robotic Observatory 0.3 m telescope. This research made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT); and the NASA exoplanet archive NexSci49 and the NASA Community Follow-Up Observation Program (CFOP) website, operated by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute and the California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. V.B.K. and B.Q. gratefully acknowledge support by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center and at the Ames Research Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. W.F.W., J.A.O., G.W., and B.Q. gratefully acknowledge support from NASA via grants NNX13AI76G and NNX14AB91G. N.H. acknowledges support from the NASA ADAP program under grant NNX13AF20G and NASA PAST program grant NNX14AJ38G. T.C.H. acknowledges support from KASI research grant 2015-1-850-04. Part of the numerical computations have been carried out using the SFI/HEA Irish Center for High-End Computing (ICHEC) and the POLARIS computing cluster at the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI). This work was performed in part under contract with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. NR 134 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 86 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/86 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500086 ER PT J AU Massaro, F D'Abrusco, R AF Massaro, F. D'Abrusco, R. TI THE INFRARED-GAMMA-RAY CONNECTION:. A WISE VIEW OF THE EXTRAGALACTIC GAMMA-RAY SKY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; galaxies: active; gamma rays: general; infrared: general; radiation mechanisms: nonthermal ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; 2ND SOURCE CATALOG; BLAZAR CANDIDATES; UNCERTAIN TYPE; RADIO; COUNTERPARTS; ERA AB Using data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey, we discovered that the nonthermal infrared (IR) emission of blazars, the largest known population of extragalactic gamma-ray sources, has peculiar spectral properties. In this work, we confirm and strengthen our previous analyses using the latest available releases of both the WISE and the Fermi source catalogs. We also show that there is a tight correlation between the mid-IR colors and the gamma-ray spectral index of Fermi blazars. We name this correlation the infrared-gamma-ray connection. We discuss how this connection links both the emitted powers and the spectral shapes of particles accelerated in jets arising from blazars over 10 decades in energy. Based on this evidence, we argue that the infrared-gamma-ray connection is stronger than the well-known radio-gamma-ray connection. C1 [Massaro, F.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Massaro, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Massaro, F.] Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [D'Abrusco, R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Massaro, F (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy.; Massaro, F (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.; Massaro, F (reprint author), Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. OI Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605 FU Programma Giovani Ricercatori-Rita Levi Montalcini-Rientro dei Cervelli - Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR); Australian Research Council; Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments that led to improvements in the paper. We also thank J. Ballet for helpful discussions. F.M. gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Programma Giovani Ricercatori-Rita Levi Montalcini-Rientro dei Cervelli (2012) awarded by the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR). This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEA-SARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Part of this work is based on the NVSS (NRAO VLA Sky Survey). The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation and on the VLA Low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS). The Molonglo Observatory site manager, Duncan Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, Jeff Webb, Michael White, and John Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of. the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing program of SUMSS. SUMSS is dedicated to Michael Large, whose expertise and vision made the project possible. The MOST is operated by the School of Physics with the support of the Australian Research Council and the Science Foundation for Physics within the University of Sydney. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. TOPCAT6 (Taylor 2005) was used for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 67 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/67 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500067 ER PT J AU Ngo, H Knutson, HA Hinkley, S Bryan, M Crepp, JR Batygin, K Crossfield, I Hansen, B Howard, AW Johnson, JA Mawet, D Morton, TD Muirhead, PS Wang, J AF Ngo, Henry Knutson, Heather A. Hinkley, Sasha Bryan, Marta Crepp, Justin R. Batygin, Konstantin Crossfield, Ian Hansen, Brad Howard, Andrew W. Johnson, John A. Mawet, Dimitri Morton, Timothy D. Muirhead, Philip S. Wang, Ji TI FRIENDS OF HOT JUPITERS. IV. STELLAR COMPANIONS BEYOND 50 au MIGHT FACILITATE GIANT PLANET FORMATION, BUT MOST ARE UNLIKELY TO CAUSE KOZAI-LIDOV MIGRATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; binaries: eclipsing; methods: observational; planetary systems; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability; techniques: high angular resolution ID SPIN-ORBIT MISALIGNMENT; COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAMS; LUCKY IMAGING SEARCH; TRANSIT LIGHT-CURVE; IN-SITU FORMATION; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; LOW-MASS STARS; GAS-GIANT; HOST STARS; KEPLER OBJECTS AB Stellar companions can influence the formation and evolution of planetary systems, but there are currently few observational constraints on the properties of planet-hosting binary star systems. We search for stellar companions around 77 transiting hot Jupiter systems to explore the statistical properties of this population of companions as compared to field stars of similar spectral type. After correcting for survey incompleteness, we find that 47% +/- 7% of hot Jupiter systems have stellar companions with semimajor axes between 50 and 2000 au. This is 2.9 times larger than the field star companion fraction in this separation range, with a significance of 4.4 sigma. In the 1-50 au range, only 3.9(-2.0)(+4.5)% of hot Jupiters host stellar companions, compared to the field star value of 16.4% +/- 0.7%, which is a 2.7 sigma difference. We find that the distribution of mass ratios for stellar companions to hot Jupiter systems peaks at small values and therefore differs from that of field star binaries which tend to be uniformly distributed across all mass ratios. We conclude that either wide separation stellar binaries are more favorable sites for gas giant planet formation at all separations, or that the presence of stellar companions preferentially causes the inward migration of gas giant planets that formed farther out in the disk via dynamical processes such as Kozai-Lidov oscillations. We determine that less than 20% of hot Jupiters have stellar companions capable of inducing Kozai-Lidov oscillations assuming initial semimajor axes between 1 and 5 au, implying that the enhanced companion occurrence is likely correlated with environments where gas giants can form efficiently. C1 [Ngo, Henry; Knutson, Heather A.; Batygin, Konstantin] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hinkley, Sasha] Univ Exeter, Dept Phys & Astron, Exeter, Devon, England. [Bryan, Marta; Mawet, Dimitri; Wang, Ji] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Crepp, Justin R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Crossfield, Ian] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hansen, Brad] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Howard, Andrew W.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Johnson, John A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mawet, Dimitri] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Morton, Timothy D.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Muirhead, Philip S.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Ngo, H (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM hngo@caltech.edu RI Muirhead, Philip/H-2273-2014; OI Muirhead, Philip/0000-0002-0638-8822; Ngo, Henry/0000-0001-5172-4859 FU NASA [NNX14AD24G]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX15AR12H]; California Institute of Technology FX This work was supported by NASA grant NNX14AD24G. H.N. is grateful for funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program grant NNX15AR12H.; This work was based on observations at the W. M. Keck Observatory granted by the California Institute of Technology. We thank the observers who contributed to the measurements reported here and acknowledge the efforts of the Keck Observatory staff. We extend special thanks to those of Hawaiian ancestry on whose sacred mountain of Mauna Kea we are privileged to be guests. NR 107 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/8 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500008 ER PT J AU Roth, N Kasen, D Guillochon, J Ramirez-Ruiz, E AF Roth, Nathaniel Kasen, Daniel Guillochon, James Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico TI THE X-RAY THROUGH OPTICAL FLUXES AND LINE STRENGTHS OF TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; black hole physics; line: formation; methods: numerical; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radiative transfer ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; CARLO RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR; FOLLOW-UP; GALACTIC NUCLEI; LIGHT CURVES; FLARE; CANDIDATE; GALAXY; ASASSN-14LI AB We study the emission from tidal disruption events (TDEs) produced as radiation from black hole accretion propagates through an extended, optically thick envelope formed from stellar debris. We analytically describe key physics controlling spectrum formation, and present detailed radiative transfer calculations that model the spectral energy distribution and optical line strengths of TDEs near peak brightness. The steady-state transfer is coupled to a solver for the excitation and ionization states of hydrogen, helium, and oxygen (as a representative metal), without assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium. Our calculations show how an extended envelope can reprocess a fraction of soft X-rays and produce the observed optical fluxes of the order of 10(43) erg s(-1), with an optical/UV continuum that is not described by a single blackbody. Variations in the mass or size of the envelope may help explain how the optical flux changes over time with roughly constant color. For high enough accretion luminosities, X-rays can escape to be observed simultaneously with the optical flux. Due to optical depth effects, hydrogen Balmer line emission is often strongly suppressed relative to helium line emission (with He II-to-H line ratios of at least 5:1 in some cases) even in the disruption of a solar-composition star. We discuss the implications of our results to understanding the type of stars destroyed in TDEs and the physical processes responsible for producing the observed flares. C1 [Roth, Nathaniel; Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kasen, Daniel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Astrophys Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kasen, Daniel] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guillochon, James] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP Roth, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nathaniel.roth@berkeley.edu OI Roth, Nathaniel/0000-0002-6485-2259 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Physics Early Career Award; Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Einstein grant [PF3-140108]; Packard grant; NASA ATP grant [NNX14AH37G] FX We thank Janos Botyanszki for code for photoionization cross-sections, and Tamara Bogdanovic, Eric Coughlin, Brad Cenko, Ryan Chornock, Moshe Elitzur, Aleksey Generosov, Julian Krolik, Brian Metzger, Eliot Quataert, Todd Thompson, and Sjoert van Velzen for helpful comments and conversations. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. D.K. is supported in part by a Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Physics Early Career Award, and by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Divisions of Nuclear Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was supported by Einstein grant PF3-140108 (J.G.), the Packard grant (E.R.), and NASA ATP grant NNX14AH37G (E.R.) NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 3 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/3 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500003 ER PT J AU Salmon, B Papovich, C Long, J Willner, SP Finkelstein, SL Ferguson, HC Dickinson, M Duncan, K Faber, SM Hathi, N Koekemoer, A Kurczynski, P Newman, J Pacifici, C Perez-Gonzalez, PG Pforr, J AF Salmon, Brett Papovich, Casey Long, James Willner, S. P. Finkelstein, Steven L. Ferguson, Henry C. Dickinson, Mark Duncan, Kenneth Faber, S. M. Hathi, Nimish Koekemoer, Anton Kurczynski, Peter Newman, Jeffery Pacifici, Camilla Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo G. Pforr, Janine TI BREAKING THE CURVE WITH CANDELS: A BAYESIAN APPROACH TO REVEAL THE NON-UNIVERSALITY OF THE DUST-ATTENUATION LAW AT HIGH REDSHIFT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: general; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: statistics ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO 2; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; ORIGINS DEEP SURVEY; GOODS-SOUTH FIELD; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD AB Dust attenuation affects nearly all observational aspects of galaxy evolution, yet very little is known about the form of the dust-attenuation law in the distant universe. Here, we model the spectral energy distributions of galaxies at z similar to 1.5-3 from CANDELS with rest-frame UV to near-IR imaging under different assumptions about the dust law, and compare the amount of inferred attenuated light with the observed infrared (IR) luminosities. Some individual galaxies show strong Bayesian evidence in preference of one dust law over another, and this preference agrees with their observed location on the plane of infrared excess (IRX, L-TIR/L-UV) and UV slope (beta). We generalize the shape of the dust law with an empirical model, A(lambda,delta) = E(B - V)k(lambda) (lambda/lambda(V))(delta) where k(lambda) is the dust law of Calzetti et al., and show that there exists a correlation between the color excess E (B-V) and tilt delta with delta = (0.62 +/- 0.05)log(E(B - V))+(0.26 +/- 0.02). Galaxies with high color excess have a shallower, starburst-like law, and those with low color excess have a steeper, SMC-like law. Surprisingly, the galaxies in our sample show no correlation between the shape of the dust law and stellar mass, star formation rate, or beta. The change in the dust law with color excess is consistent with a model where attenuation is caused by scattering, a mixed star-dust geometry, and/or trends with stellar population age, metallicity, and dust grain size. This rest-frame UV-to-near-IR method shows potential to constrain the dust law at even higher redshifts (z > 3). C1 [Salmon, Brett; Papovich, Casey] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, George P & Cynthia W Mitchell Inst Fundamental Ph, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Long, James] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Stat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Willner, S. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Finkelstein, Steven L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ferguson, Henry C.; Koekemoer, Anton] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Dickinson, Mark] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. [Duncan, Kenneth] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Duncan, Kenneth] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Faber, S. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Hathi, Nimish; Pforr, Janine] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Kurczynski, Peter] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Newman, Jeffery] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, 3941 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Newman, Jeffery] PITT PACC, 3941 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Pacifici, Camilla] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo G.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac CC Fis, Dept Astrofis, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Salmon, B (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, George P & Cynthia W Mitchell Inst Fundamental Ph, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM bsalmon@physics.tamu.edu RI Hathi, Nimish/J-7092-2014; OI Hathi, Nimish/0000-0001-6145-5090; Salmon, Brett/0000-0002-7453-7279; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NAS5-26555]; HST program [GO-12060]; NASA grant from Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12060]; Spanish MINECO [AYA2012-31277] FX We thank the referee for thoughtful and constructive feedback on this work. We acknowledge our colleagues in the CANDELS collaboration for very useful comments and suggestions. We also thank the great effort of all the CANDELS team members for their work to provide a robust and valuable data set. We thank Karl Gordon for insightful discussions on the physical implications of these results. We also thank Daniela Calzetti and Veronique Buat for helpful comments and comments. This work is based in part on observations taken by the CANDELS Multi-Cycle Treasury Program with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work is supported by HST program No. GO-12060. Support for Program No. GO-12060 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. We acknowledge the Spanish MINECO grant AYA2012-31277 for funding the contribution from Pablo Perez-Gonzalez. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The authors acknowledge the Texas A&M University Brazos HPC cluster that contributed to the research reported here. URL: http://brazos.tamu.edu. NR 144 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 20 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/20 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500020 ER PT J AU Telford, OG Dalcanton, JJ Skillman, ED Conroy, C AF Telford, O. Grace Dalcanton, Julianne J. Skillman, Evan D. Conroy, Charlie TI EXPLORING SYSTEMATIC EFFECTS IN THE RELATION BETWEEN STELLAR MASS, GAS PHASE METALLICITY, AND STAR FORMATION RATE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; ISM: abundances ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; H-II REGIONS; DISTRIBUTED ELECTRON ENERGIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; FORMING GALAXIES; FUNDAMENTAL RELATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; STARBURST GALAXIES; SCALING RELATIONS; SPIRAL GALAXIES AB There is evidence that the well-established mass-metallicity relation in galaxies is correlated with a third parameter: star formation rate (SFR). The strength of this correlation may be used to disentangle the relative importance of different physical processes (e.g., infall of pristine gas, metal-enriched outflows) in governing chemical evolution. However, all three parameters are susceptible to biases that might affect the observed strength of the relation between them. We analyze possible sources of systematic error, including sample bias, application of signal-to-noise ratio cuts on emission lines, choice of metallicity calibration, uncertainty in stellar mass determination, aperture effects, and dust. We present the first analysis of the relation between stellar mass, gas phase metallicity, and SFR using strong line abundance diagnostics from Dopita et al. for similar to 130,000 star-forming galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and provide a detailed comparison of these diagnostics in an appendix. Using these new abundance diagnostics yields a 30%-55% weaker anti-correlation between metallicity and SFR at fixed stellar mass than that reported by Mannucci et al. We find that, for all abundance diagnostics, the anti-correlation with SFR is stronger for the relatively few galaxies whose current SFRs are elevated above their past average SFRs. This is also true for the new abundance diagnostic of Dopita et al., which gives anti-correlation between Z and SFR only in the high specific star formation rate (sSFR) regime, in contrast to the recent results of Kashino et al. The poorly constrained strength of the relation between stellar mass, metallicity, and SFR must be carefully accounted for in theoretical studies of chemical evolution. C1 [Telford, O. Grace; Dalcanton, Julianne J.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Skillman, Evan D.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Conroy, Charlie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Telford, OG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM otelford@uw.edu FU National Science Foundation IGERT fellowship [DGE-1258485]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1256082]; ARCS Foundation fellowship; Washington Research Foundation Fund for Innovation in Data-Intensive Discovery; Moore/Sloan Data Science Environments Project at the University of Washington; NASA [NNX13AI46G]; NSF [AST-1313280]; Packard Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX O.G.T. is supported by a National Science Foundation IGERT fellowship under grant DGE-1258485, by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1256082, and by an ARCS Foundation fellowship. O.G.T. acknowledges support from the Washington Research Foundation Fund for Innovation in Data-Intensive Discovery and the Moore/Sloan Data Science Environments Project at the University of Washington. C.C. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AI46G, NSF grant AST-1313280, and the Packard Foundation.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England.; The SDSS website is http://www.sdss.org/. The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR 35 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/827/1/35 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ZK UT WOS:000382009500035 ER PT J AU Fragos, T Lehmer, BD Naoz, S Zezas, A Basu-Zych, A AF Fragos, T. Lehmer, B. D. Naoz, S. Zezas, A. Basu-Zych, A. TI ENERGY FEEDBACK FROM X-RAY BINARIES IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE (vol 776, L31, 2013) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 [Fragos, T.; Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fragos, T.; Naoz, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lehmer, B. D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Homewood Campus, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Lehmer, B. D.; Basu-Zych, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, POB 2208, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, A.] Fdn Res & Technol, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Fragos, T (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Fragos, T (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM tfragos@cfa.harvard.edu RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011 OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR L21 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/827/1/L21 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT2TO UT WOS:000381334900021 ER PT J AU Offner, SSR Dunham, MM Lee, KI Arce, HG Fielding, DB AF Offner, Stella S. R. Dunham, Michael M. Lee, Katherine I. Arce, Hector G. Fielding, Drummond B. TI THE TURBULENT ORIGIN OF OUTFLOW AND SPIN MISALIGNMENT IN MULTIPLE STAR SYSTEMS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; ISM: jets and outflows; stars: formation; stars: low-mass; stars: winds, outflows; turbulence ID ORBIT MISALIGNMENT; HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; EXOPLANETARY SYSTEMS; MOLECULAR CLOUD; BINARY-SYSTEMS; DISC SYSTEMS; MASS; RESOLUTION; PROTOSTARS; FRAGMENTATION AB The protostellar outflows of wide-separation forming binaries frequently appear misaligned. We use magneto-hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the alignment of protostellar spin and molecular outflows for forming binary pairs. We show that the protostellar pairs, which form from turbulent fragmentation within a single parent core, have randomly oriented angular momentum. Although the pairs migrate to closer separations, their spins remain partially misaligned. We produce (CO)-C-12(2-1) synthetic observations of the simulations and characterize the outflow orientation in the emission maps. The CO-identified outflows exhibit a similar random distribution and are also statistically consistent with the observed distribution of molecular outflows. We conclude that the observed misalignment provides a clear signature of binary formation via turbulent fragmentation. The persistence of misaligned outflows and stellar spins following dynamical evolution may provide a signature of binary origins for more evolved multiple star systems. C1 [Offner, Stella S. R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Dunham, Michael M.; Lee, Katherine I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Arce, Hector G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Fielding, Drummond B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Offner, SSR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM soffner@astro.umass.edu FU NASA [NNX15AT05G, NNX13AE54G]; NSF GRFP [DGE 1106400]; Yale University High Performance Computing Center; Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center FX We acknowledge support from NASA grant NNX15AT05G (SSRO), NASA grant NNX13AE54G (MMD), NSF GRFP under Grant No. DGE 1106400 (DF), a Submillimeter Array postdoctoral fellowship (MMD), the Yale University High Performance Computing Center, and the Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR L11 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/827/1/L11 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT2TO UT WOS:000381334900011 ER PT J AU Vanderburg, A Becker, JC Kristiansen, MH Bieryla, A Duev, DA Jensen-Clem, R Morton, TD Latham, DW Adams, FC Baranec, C Berlind, P Calkins, ML Esquerdo, GA Kulkarni, S Law, NM Riddle, R Salama, M Schmitt, AR AF Vanderburg, Andrew Becker, Juliette C. Kristiansen, Martti H. Bieryla, Allyson Duev, Dmitry A. Jensen-Clem, Rebecca Morton, Timothy D. Latham, David W. Adams, Fred C. Baranec, Christoph Berlind, Perry Calkins, Michael L. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Kulkarni, Shrinivas Law, Nicholas M. Riddle, Reed Salama, Maissa Schmitt, Allan R. TI FIVE PLANETS TRANSITING A NINTH MAGNITUDE STAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: gaseous planets ID EARTH-SIZE PLANETS; LASER ADAPTIVE OPTICS; KEPLER ARCHIVAL DATA; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; EXOPLANET CANDIDATES; RADIUS DISTRIBUTION; K2 MISSION; M DWARFS; SYSTEM; OBLATENESS AB The Kepler mission has revealed a great diversity of planetary systems and architectures, but most of the planets discovered by Kepler orbit faint stars. Using new data from the K2 mission, we present the discovery of a five-planet system transiting a bright (V = 8.9, K = 7.7) star called HIP 41378. HIP 41378 is a slightly metal-poor late F-type star with moderate rotation (v sin i similar or equal to 7 km s(-1)) and lies at a distance of 116 +/- 18 pc from Earth. We find that HIP. 41378 hosts two sub-Neptune-sized planets orbiting 3.5% outside a 2:1 period commensurability in 15.6 and 31.7 day orbits. In addition, we detect three planets that each transit once during the 75 days spanned by K2 observations. One planet is Neptune-sized in a likely similar to 160 day orbit, one is sub-Saturn-sized, likely in a similar to 130 day orbit, and one is a Jupiter-sized planet in a likely similar to 1 year orbit. We show that these estimates for the orbital periods can be made more precise by taking into account dynamical stability considerations. We also calculate the distribution of stellar reflex velocities expected for this system, and show that it provides a good target for future radial velocity observations. If a precise orbital period can be determined for the outer Jovian planets through future observations, this system will be an excellent candidate for follow-up transit observations to study its atmosphere and measure its oblateness. C1 [Vanderburg, Andrew; Bieryla, Allyson; Latham, David W.; Berlind, Perry; Calkins, Michael L.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Becker, Juliette C.; Adams, Fred C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kristiansen, Martti H.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space, Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Kristiansen, Martti H.] Brorfelde Observ, Observator Gyldenkernes Vej 7, DK-4340 Tollose, Denmark. [Duev, Dmitry A.; Jensen-Clem, Rebecca; Kulkarni, Shrinivas; Riddle, Reed] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Morton, Timothy D.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, 4 Ivy Lane,Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Adams, Fred C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Baranec, Christoph] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Law, Nicholas M.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Salama, Maissa] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Vanderburg, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM avanderburg@cfa.harvard.edu OI Becker, Juliette/0000-0002-7733-4522; Vanderburg, Andrew/0000-0001-7246-5438; Adams, Fred/0000-0002-8167-1767; Latham, David/0000-0001-9911-7388 FU NSF [DGE 1144152, DGE 1256260]; Kepler mission under NASA [NNX13AB58A]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575, AST-0906060, AST-0960343, AST-1207891]; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science; National Geographic Society; NASA Science Mission directorate; NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX13AC07G]; Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments on the manuscript. A.V. and J.C.B. are supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, grants No. DGE 1144152 and DGE 1256260, respectively. D.W.L. acknowledges partial support from the Kepler mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX13AB58A with the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. C.B. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.; This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System and the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1053575. This research was done using resources provided by the Open Science Grid, which is supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science. The National Geographic Society-Palomar Observatory Sky Atlas (POSS-I) was made by the California Institute of Technology with grants from the National Geographic Society. The Oschin Schmidt Telescope is operated by the California Institute of Technology and Palomar Observatory.; This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts.; Robo-AO KP is a partnership between the California Institute of Technology, University of Hawaii, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, and the National Central University, Taiwan. Robo-AO KP was supported by a grant from Sudha Murty, Narayan Murthy, and Rohan Murty. The Robo-AO instrument was developed with support from the National Science Foundation under grants AST-0906060, AST-0960343, and AST-1207891, the Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation, and by a gift from Samuel Oschin. Based in part on observations at Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO Prop. ID: 15B-3001), which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 827 IS 1 AR L10 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/827/1/L10 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT2TO UT WOS:000381334900010 ER PT J AU Pyataeva, SV Hopcroft, RR Lindsay, DJ Collins, AG AF Pyataeva, Sofia V. Hopcroft, Russell R. Lindsay, Dhugal J. Collins, Allen G. TI DNA barcodes unite two problematic taxa: the meiobenthic Boreohydra simplex is a life-cycle stage of Plotocnide borealis (Hydrozoa: Aplanulata) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE polyp; medusa; metagenesis; bipolar distribution; meiofauna ID EUROPEAN ATHECATE HYDROIDS; CNIDARIA HYDROZOA; MEDUSAE HYDROZOA; HYDRA; OOCYTE; SIPHONOPHORA; PERFORMANCE; OOGENESIS; CELLS; SEA AB Genetic barcodes of arctic medusae and meiobenthic cnidarians have uncovered a fortuitous connection between the medusa Plotocnide borealis Wagner, 1885 and the minute, mud-dwelling polyp Boreohydra simplex Westblad, 1937. Little to no sequence differences exist among independently collected samples identified as Boreohydra simplex and Plotocnide borealis, showing that the two different forms represent a single species that is henceforth known by the older name Plotocnide borealis Wagner, 1885. The polyp form has been observed to produce bulges previously hypothesized to be gonophores, and the results here are consistent with that view. Interestingly, the polyp has also been reported to produce egg cells in the epiderm, a surprising phenomenon that we document here for only the second time. Thus, P. borealis produces eggs in two different life stages, polyp and medusa. This is the first documented case of a metagenetic medusozoan species being able to produce gametes in both the medusa and polyp stage. It remains unclear what environmental/ecological conditions modulate the production of eggs and/or medusa buds in the polyp stage. Similarly, sperm production, fertilization and development are unknown, warranting further studies. C1 [Pyataeva, Sofia V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Moscow, Russia. [Pyataeva, Sofia V.] Minist Healthcare Russian Federat, Res Ctr Obstet Gynecol & Perinatol, Fed State Budget Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Hopcroft, Russell R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Lindsay, Dhugal J.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. [Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP Pyataeva, SV (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Moscow, Russia.; Pyataeva, SV (reprint author), Minist Healthcare Russian Federat, Res Ctr Obstet Gynecol & Perinatol, Fed State Budget Inst, Moscow, Russia. EM biosonya@gmail.com FU Cooperative Institute for Alaska Research (CIFAR); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA13OAR4320056, NA08OAR4320870]; University of Alaska FX This publication is the result, in part, of research sponsored by the Cooperative Institute for Alaska Research (CIFAR) with funds from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under cooperative agreements NA13OAR4320056 and NA08OAR4320870 with the University of Alaska. We greatly thank the staff of the N.A. Pertsov White Sea Biological Station of the Moscow State University for providing laboratory space, facilities and invaluable support in collecting all meiobenthic hydroid specimens. Some of this work was performed using resources of the Laboratories of Analytical Biology at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. We are also grateful for discussions with Ferdinando Boero and Igor Kosevich about variation in the reproductive biology within Hydrozoa. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 11 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD AUG 10 PY 2016 VL 4150 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4150.1.5 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DS8BQ UT WOS:000381008100005 PM 27515647 ER PT J AU Solazzo, C Courel, B Connan, J van Dongen, BE Barden, H Penkman, K Taylor, S Demarchi, B Adam, P Schaeffer, P Nissenbaum, A Bar-Yosef, O Buckley, M AF Solazzo, Caroline Courel, Blandine Connan, Jacques van Dongen, Bart E. Barden, Holly Penkman, Kirsty Taylor, Sheila Demarchi, Beatrice Adam, Pierre Schaeffer, Philippe Nissenbaum, Arie Bar-Yosef, Ofer Buckley, Michael TI Identification of the earliest collagen- and plant-based coatings from Neolithic artefacts (Nahal Hemar cave, Israel) SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC RESIDUES; NEAR-EAST; BONE; TRITERPENOIDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; TECHNOLOGY; CHEMISTRY; CHARYBDIS; SYSTEM AB Mortuary practices in human evolution record cognitive, social changes and technological innovations. The Neolithic Revolution in the Levant was a watershed in this domain that has long fascinated the archaeological community. Plaster modelled skulls are well known at Jericho and several other Neolithic sites, and in Nahal Hemar cave (Israel, ca. 8200 -7300 cal.BC) excavations yielded six unique human skulls covered with a black organic coating applied in a net pattern evoking a headdress. This small cave was used as storage for paraphernalia in the semi-arid area of the Judean desert and the dry conditions preserved other artefacts such as baskets coated with a similar dark substance. While previous analysis had revealed the presence of amino acids consistent with a collagen signature, in the present report, specific biomarkers were characterised using combined proteomic and lipid approaches. Basket samples yielded collagen and blood proteins of bovine origin (Bos genus) and a large sequence coverage of a plant protein charybdin (Charybdis genus). The skull residue samples were dominated by benzoate and cinnamate derivatives and triterpenes consistent with a styrax-type resin (Styrax officinalis), thus providing the earliest known evidence of an odoriferous plant resin used in combination with an animal product. C1 [Solazzo, Caroline] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Courel, Blandine; Adam, Pierre; Schaeffer, Philippe] Univ Strasbourg, Inst Chim Strasbourg, Lab Biogeochim Mol, UMR 7177, F-67200 Strasbourg, France. [Connan, Jacques] 23 Rue St Exupery, F-64000 Pau, France. [van Dongen, Bart E.; Barden, Holly] Univ Manchester, Williamson Res Ctr Mol Environm Sci, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Penkman, Kirsty; Taylor, Sheila; Demarchi, Beatrice] Univ York, Dept Chem, BioArCh, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Nissenbaum, Arie] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Bar-Yosef, Ofer] Harvard Univ, Dept Anthropol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buckley, Michael] Univ Manchester, Manchester Inst Biotechnol, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M1 7DN, Lancs, England. RP Solazzo, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.; Buckley, M (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Manchester Inst Biotechnol, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M1 7DN, Lancs, England. EM solazzo.c@gmail.com; m.buckley@manchester.ac.uk RI Penkman, Kirsty/D-1952-2012 OI Penkman, Kirsty/0000-0002-6226-9799 FU Royal Society University Research Fellowship (University of Manchester); Burch Fellowship in Theoretical Medicine and Affiliated Sciences (Smithsonian Institution); Leverhulme Trust FX We thank Prof. Z. Ammar, Prof. M. Kislev (Bar Ilan University) and Prof. A. Dafni (Haifa University) for kindly providing the resin of S. officinalis, A. Lobstein (Strasbourg University) and Dr. Frederic Bonte (LVMH Research) for the resin of L. orientalis, P. Wehrung and E. Motsch (Strasbourg University) for the mass spectrometry analyses. The proteomics and py-GC/MS work was supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (University of Manchester), and by a Burch Fellowship in Theoretical Medicine and Affiliated Sciences (Smithsonian Institution). The amino acid analyses were supported by the Leverhulme Trust. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD AUG 9 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 31053 DI 10.1038/srep31053 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS8IK UT WOS:000381026500001 PM 27503740 ER PT J AU Yan, PG Tang, LY Yan, ZC Babb, JF AF Yan, Pei-Gen Tang, Li-Yan Yan, Zong-Chao Babb, James F. TI Calculations of long-range three-body interactions for Li(2(2)S)-Li(2(2)S)-Li(2(2)P) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACES; DISPERSION COEFFICIENTS; LITHIUM TRIMER; ATOM-DIATOM; MOLECULES; LI-3; SYSTEM; FORCES; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS AB General formulas for calculating the several leading long-range interactions among three identical atoms where two atoms are in identical S states and the other atom is in a P state are obtained using perturbation theory for the energies up to second order. The first-order (dipolar) interactions depend on the geometrical configurations of the three atoms. In second order, additive and nonadditive dispersion interactions are obtained. The nonadditive interactions depend on the geometrical configurations in marked contrast to the case where all three atoms are in identical S states, for which the nonadditive (also known as triple-dipole or as Axilrod-Muto-Teller) dispersion interactions appear at the third order. The formalism is demonstrated by the calculation of the coefficients for the Li(2(2)S)-Li(2(2)S)-Li(2(2)P) system using variationally generated atomic lithium wave functions in Hylleraas coordinates. The present dipolar coefficients and additive and nonadditive dispersion coefficients may be useful in constructing precise potential energy surfaces for this three lithium atom system. C1 [Yan, Pei-Gen; Yan, Zong-Chao] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Phys, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. [Yan, Pei-Gen; Tang, Li-Yan; Yan, Zong-Chao] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Phys & Math, State Key Lab Magnet Resonance & Atom & Mol Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. [Yan, Zong-Chao] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Cold Atom Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. [Babb, James F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Tang, LY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Phys & Math, State Key Lab Magnet Resonance & Atom & Mol Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. EM lytang@wipm.ac.cn FU NSERC of Canada; CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB821305]; NNSF of China [11474319, 11104323]; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX This work was supported by NSERC of Canada, the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams, the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No. 2012CB821305, and NNSF of China under Grants No. 11474319 and No. 11104323. J.F.B. was supported in part by the US National Science Foundation through a grant for the Institute of Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics at Harvard University and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. We are grateful to Dr. Richard Schmidt and Dr. Jun-Yi Zhang for helpful discussions. Z.C.Y. thanks Dr. Mang Feng for helpful discussions. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG 9 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 2 AR 022705 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.022705 PG 21 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DT2HK UT WOS:000381301200007 ER PT J AU Chen, XG Wang, Y Xianyu, ZZ AF Chen, Xingang Wang, Yi Xianyu, Zhong-Zhi TI Loop Corrections to Standard Model fields in inflation SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM; Effective field theories ID UNIVERSE SCENARIO; NON-GAUSSIANITY; SCALAR FIELD; PERTURBATIONS; POLARIZATION; FLATNESS; HORIZON AB We calculate 1-loop corrections to the Schwinger-Keldysh propagators of Standard-Model-like fields of spin-0, 1/2, and 1, with all renormalizable interactions during inflation. We pay special attention to the late-time divergences of loop corrections, and show that the divergences can be resummed into finite results in the late-time limit using dynamical renormalization group method. This is our first step toward studying both the Standard Model and new physics in the primordial universe. C1 [Chen, Xingang] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chen, Xingang] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Wang, Yi] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Xianyu, Zhong-Zhi] Harvard Univ, Ctr Math Sci & Applicat, 20 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Chen, XG (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Chen, XG (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. EM Xingang.Chen@cfa.harvard.edu; phyw@ust.hk; xianyu@cmsa.fas.harvard.edu FU NSF [PHY-1417421]; CRF Grants of the Government of the Hong Kong SAR [HKUST4/CRF/13G]; International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Council FX We thank Juan Maldacena for invaluable discussions. XC is supported in part by the NSF grant PHY-1417421. YW is supported by the CRF Grants of the Government of the Hong Kong SAR under HKUST4/CRF/13G. ZZX is supported in part by the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Council. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1029-8479 J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS JI J. High Energy Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 2016 IS 8 AR 051 DI 10.1007/JHEP08(2016)051 PG 37 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA DU4EV UT WOS:000382166100005 ER PT J AU Komar, P Topcu, T Kessler, EM Derevianko, A Vuletic, V Ye, J Lukin, MD AF Komar, P. Topcu, T. Kessler, E. M. Derevianko, A. Vuletic, V. Ye, J. Lukin, M. D. TI Quantum Network of Atom Clocks: A Possible Implementation with Neutral Atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LINEAR OPTICS; ENSEMBLES; ENTANGLEMENT AB We propose a protocol for creating a fully entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-type state of neutral atoms in spatially separated optical atomic clocks. In our scheme, local operations make use of the strong dipole-dipole interaction between Rydberg excitations, which give rise to fast and reliable quantum operations involving all atoms in the ensemble. The necessary entanglement between distant ensembles is mediated by single-photon quantum channels and collectively enhanced light-matter couplings. These techniques can be used to create the recently proposed quantum clock network based on neutral atom optical clocks. We specifically analyze a possible realization of this scheme using neutral Yb ensembles. C1 [Komar, P.; Topcu, T.; Kessler, E. M.; Derevianko, A.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Topcu, T.; Derevianko, A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Topcu, T.; Kessler, E. M.; Derevianko, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Topcu, T.; Kessler, E. M.; Derevianko, A.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Vuletic, V.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Komar, P (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011 FU NSF; CUA; NIST; NASA; Simons Foundation; AFOSR MURI; ARL; NSSEFF FX We are grateful to Kyle Beloy, Shimon Kolkowitz, Ronen Kroeze, Travis Nicholson, Thibault Peyronel, Alp Sipahigil, Jeff Thompson, and Leo Zhou for enlightening discussions. This work was supported by NSF, CUA, NIST, NASA, Simons Foundation, AFOSR MURI, ARL, and NSSEFF. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 12 U2 12 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 6 AR 060506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.060506 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DT4IG UT WOS:000381442800001 PM 27541452 ER PT J AU Snider, G Weagle, CL Murdymootoo, KK Ring, A Ritchie, Y Stone, E Walsh, A Akoshile, C Anh, NX Balasubramanian, R Brook, J Qonitan, FD Dong, JL Griffith, D He, KB Holben, BN Kahn, R Lagrosas, N Lestari, P Ma, ZW Misra, A Norford, LK Quel, EJ Salam, A Schichtel, B Segev, L Tripathi, S Wang, C Yu, C Zhang, Q Zhang, YX Brauer, M Cohen, A Gibson, MD Liu, Y Martins, JV Rudich, Y Martin, RV AF Snider, Graydon Weagle, Crystal L. Murdymootoo, Kalaivani K. Ring, Amanda Ritchie, Yvonne Stone, Emily Walsh, Ainsley Akoshile, Clement Nguyen Xuan Anh Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar Brook, Jeff Qonitan, Fatimah D. Dong, Jinlu Griffith, Derek He, Kebin Holben, Brent N. Kahn, Ralph Lagrosas, Nofel Lestari, Puji Ma, Zongwei Misra, Amit Norford, Leslie K. Quel, Eduardo J. Salam, Abdus Schichtel, Bret Segev, Lior Tripathi, Sachchida Wang, Chien Yu, Chao Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Yuxuan Brauer, Michael Cohen, Aaron Gibson, Mark D. Liu, Yang Martins, J. Vanderlei Rudich, Yinon Martin, Randall V. TI Variation in global chemical composition of PM2.5: emerging results from SPARTAN SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; SINGLE-PARAMETER REPRESENTATION; CONDENSATION NUCLEUS ACTIVITY; BIOMASS BURNING AEROSOL; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EXTENDED FOLLOW-UP; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; HARVARD 6 CITIES; HYGROSCOPIC GROWTH; AIR-POLLUTION AB The Surface PARTiculate mAtter Network (SPARTAN) is a long-term project that includes characterization of chemical and physical attributes of aerosols from filter samples collected worldwide. This paper discusses the ongoing efforts of SPARTAN to define and quantify major ions and trace metals found in fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Our methods infer the spatial and temporal variability of PM2.5 in a cost-effective manner. Gravimetrically weighed filters represent multi-day averages of PM2.5, with a collocated nephelometer sampling air continuously. SPARTAN instruments are paired with AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) sun photometers to better understand the relationship between ground-level PM2.5 and columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD). We have examined the chemical composition of PM2.5 at 12 globally dispersed, densely populated urban locations and a site at Mammoth Cave (US) National Park used as a background comparison. So far, each SPARTAN location has been active between the years 2013 and 2016 over periods of 2-26 months, with an average period of 12 months per site. These sites have collectively gathered over 10 years of quality aerosol data. The major PM2.5 constituents across all sites (relative contribution +/- SD) are ammoniated sulfate (20% +/- 11 %), crustal material (13.4% +/- 9.9 %), equivalent black carbon (11.9% +/- 8.4 %), ammonium nitrate (4.7% +/- 3.0 %), sea salt (2.3% +/- 1.6 %), trace element oxides (1.0% +/- 1.1 %), water (7.2% +/- 3.3 %) at 35% RH, and residual matter (40% +/- 24 %). Analysis of filter samples reveals that several PM2.5 chemical components varied by more than an order of magnitude between sites. Ammoniated sulfate ranges from 1.1 mu g m(-3) (Buenos Aires, Argentina) to 17 mu g m(-3) (Kanpur, India in the dry season). Ammonium nitrate ranged from 0.2 mu g m(-3) (Mammoth Cave, in summer) to 6.8 mu g m(-3) (Kanpur, dry season). Equivalent black carbon ranged from 0.7 mu g m(-3) (Mammoth Cave) to over 8 mu g m(-3) (Dhaka, Bangladesh and Kanpur, India). Comparison of SPARTAN vs. coincident measurements from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network at Mammoth Cave yielded a high degree of consistency for daily PM2.5 (r(2) = 0.76, slope = 1.12), daily sulfate (r(2) = 0.86, slope = 1.03), and mean fractions of all major PM2.5 components (within 6 %). Major ions generally agree well with previous studies at the same urban locations (e.g. sulfate fractions agree within 4% for 8 out of 11 collocation comparisons). Enhanced anthropogenic dust fractions in large urban areas (e.g. Singapore, Kanpur, Hanoi, and Dhaka) are apparent from high Zn : Al ratios. The expected water contribution to aerosols is calculated via the hygroscopicity parameter kappa(v) for each filter. Mean aggregate values ranged from 0.15 (Ilorin) to 0.28 (Rehovot). The all-site parameter mean is 0.20 +/- 0.04. Chemical composition and water retention in each filter measurement allows inference of hourly PM2.5 at 35% relative humidity by merging with nephelometer measurements. These hourly PM2.5 estimates compare favourably with a beta attenuation monitor (MetOne) at the nearby US embassy in Beijing, with a coefficient of variation r(2) = 0.67 (n = 3167), compared to r(2) = 0.62 when kappa(v) was not considered. SPARTAN continues to provide an open-access database of PM2.5 compositional filter information and hourly mass collected from a global federation of instruments. C1 [Snider, Graydon; Murdymootoo, Kalaivani K.; Ring, Amanda; Ritchie, Yvonne; Stone, Emily; Walsh, Ainsley; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Weagle, Crystal L.; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Akoshile, Clement] Univ Ilorin, Dept Phys, Ilorin, Nigeria. [Nguyen Xuan Anh] Vietnam Acad Sci & Technol, Inst Geophys, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore, Singapore. [Brook, Jeff] Univ Toronto, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Qonitan, Fatimah D.; Lestari, Puji] ITB, Fac Civil & Environm Engn, JL Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia. [Dong, Jinlu; He, Kebin; Zhang, Qiang; Zhang, Yuxuan] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Griffith, Derek] Council Sci & Ind Res CSIR, Pretoria, South Africa. [Holben, Brent N.; Kahn, Ralph] NASA, Div Earth Sci, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Lagrosas, Nofel] Ateneo Manila Univ, Manila Observ, Quezon City, Philippines. [Ma, Zongwei] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Misra, Amit; Tripathi, Sachchida] Indian Inst Technol Kanpur, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Norford, Leslie K.] MIT, Dept Architecture, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Quel, Eduardo J.] UNIDEF CITEDEF CONICET, Juan B de la Salle 4397 B1603ALO Villa Martelli, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Salam, Abdus] Univ Dhaka, Dept Chem, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Schichtel, Bret] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Segev, Lior; Rudich, Yinon] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Rehovot, Israel. [Wang, Chien] MIT, Ctr Global Change Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Yu, Chao; Liu, Yang] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Brauer, Michael] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Cohen, Aaron] Hlth Effects Inst, 101 Fed St Suite 500, Boston, MA USA. [Gibson, Mark D.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Proc Engn & Appl Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martins, J. Vanderlei] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MA USA. [Martins, J. Vanderlei] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MA USA. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Snider, G; Martin, RV (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada.; Martin, RV (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS, Canada.; Martin, RV (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM graydon.snider@dal.ca; randall.martin@dal.ca RI Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012; Tripathi, Sachchida/J-4840-2016; Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar/C-2243-2011 OI Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar/0000-0002-5627-3628 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; grant HIBAH WCU-ITB; National Academy of Sciences; USAID; Singapore National Research Foundation (NRF) through the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling FX SPARTAN is an IGAC-endorsed activity (www.igacproject.org). The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada supported this work. We are grateful to many who have offered helpful comments and advice on the creation of this network including Jay Al-Saadi, Ross Anderson, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Len Barrie, Sundar Christopher, Matthew Cooper, Jim Crawford, Doug Dockery, Jill Engel-Cox, Greg Evans, Markus Fiebig, Allan Goldstein, Judy Guernsey, Ray Hoff, Rudy Husar, Mike Jerrett, Michaela Kendall, Rich Kleidman, Petros Koutrakis, Glynis Lough, Doreen Neil, John Ogren, Norm O'Neil, Jeff Pierce, Thomas Holzer-Popp, Ana Prados, Lorraine Remer, Sylvia Richardson, and Frank Speizer. Data collection in Rehovot was supported in part by the Environmental Health Fund (Israel) and the Weizmann Institute. Partial support for the ITB site was under the grant HIBAH WCU-ITB. The site at IIT Kanpur is supported in part by National Academy of Sciences and USAID. The views expressed here are of authors and do not necessarily reflect those of NAS or USAID. The Singapore site is supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation (NRF) through the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling. NR 110 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 25 U2 25 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 2 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 15 BP 9629 EP 9653 DI 10.5194/acp-16-9629-2016 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DV3MG UT WOS:000382825800004 ER PT J AU Crooks, JA Chang, AL Ruiz, GM AF Crooks, Jeffrey A. Chang, Andrew L. Ruiz, Gregory M. TI Decoupling the response of an estuarine shrimp to architectural components of habitat structure SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Habitat complexity; Structure; Palaemon macrodactylus; Behavioral attraction ID BIRD SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ARTHROPOD BODY LENGTHS; FRACTAL DIMENSION; FLOATING OBJECTS; MARINE-INVERTEBRATES; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; POINT HYPOTHESIS; COMPLEXITY; ABUNDANCE; SEAGRASS AB In order to explore biotic attraction to structure, we examined how the amount and arrangement of artificial biotic stalks affected responses of a shrimp, Palaemon macrodactylus, absent other proximate factors such as predation or interspecific competition. In aquaria, we tested the effect of differing densities of both un-branched and branched stalks, where the amount of material in the branched stalk equaled four-times that of the un-branched. The results clearly showed that it was the amount of material, not how it was arranged, that elicited responses from shrimp. Also, although stalks were not purposefully designed to mimic structural elements found in nature, they did resemble biogenic structure such as hydroids, algae, or plants. In order to test shrimp attraction to a different, perhaps more unfamiliar habitat type, we examined responses to plastic "army men." These structural elements elicited similar attraction of shrimp, and, in general, shrimp response correlated well with the fractal dimension of both stalks and army men. Overall, these results indicate that attraction to physical structure, regardless of its nature, may be an important driver of high abundances often associated with complex habitats. C1 [Crooks, Jeffrey A.] Tijuana River Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Imperial Beach, CA 91932 USA. [Crooks, Jeffrey A.; Chang, Andrew L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA USA. [Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Crooks, JA (reprint author), Tijuana River Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Imperial Beach, CA 91932 USA.; Crooks, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA USA. EM jcrooks@trnerr.org OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU Smithsonian Institution; Maryland Sea Grant Program [R/IS-10] FX Portions of this work were funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Maryland Sea Grant Program (R/IS-10). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 8 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD AUG 2 PY 2016 VL 4 AR e2244 DI 10.7717/peerj.2244 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS4IG UT WOS:000380744100003 PM 27547551 ER PT J AU Graniero, LE Grossman, EL O'Dea, A AF Graniero, Lauren E. Grossman, Ethan L. O'Dea, Aaron TI Stable isotopes in bivalves as indicators of nutrient source in coastal waters in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Panama SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Anthropocene; Caribbean; Eutrophication; Molluscs; Nitrogen isotopes; Carbon isotopes ID SEAGRASS THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM; ORGANIC-MATTER; FOOD WEBS; NITROGEN; CARBON; DELTA-N-15; ENRICHMENT; SHELL; FRACTIONATION; VARIABILITY AB To examine N-isotope ratios (N-15/N-14) in tissues and shell organic matrix of bivalves as a proxy for natural and anthropogenic nutrient fluxes in coastal environments, Pinctada imbricata, Isognomon alatus, and Brachidontes exustus bivalves were live-collected and analyzed from eight sites in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Sites represent a variety of coastal environments, including more urbanized, uninhabited, riverine, and oceanic sites. Growth under differing environmental conditions is confirmed by delta O-18 values, with open ocean Escudo de Veraguas shells yielding the highest average delta O-18 (-1.0 parts per thousand) value and freshwater endmember Rio Guarumo the lowest (-1.7 parts per thousand). At all sites there is no single dominant source of organic matter contributing to bivalve delta N-15 and delta C-13 values. Bivalve delta N-15 and delta C-13 values likely represent a mixture of mangrove and seagrass N and C, although terrestrial sources cannot be ruled out. Despite hydrographic differences between end-members, we see minimal delta N-15 and delta C-13 difference between bivalves from the river-influenced Rio Guarumo site and those from the oceanic Escudo de Veraguas site, with no evidence for N from open-ocean phytoplankton in the latter. Populated sites yield relative N-15 enrichments suggestive of anthropogenic nutrient input, but low delta N-15 values overall make this interpretation equivocal. Lastly, delta N-15 values of tissue and shell organic matrix correlate significantly for pterioideans P. imbricata and I. alatus. Thus for these species, N isotope studies of historical and fossil shells should provide records of ecology of past environments. C1 [Graniero, Lauren E.; Grossman, Ethan L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [O'Dea, Aaron] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Graniero, LE (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM graniero@live.unc.edu OI Graniero, Lauren/0000-0002-0939-5286 FU STRI; National Science Foundation [EAR 1325683]; Department of Geology and Geophysics at Texas AM University; Sigma Xi; National System of Investigators of the National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation of Panama; North American Paleontological Convention FX This project was supported by a Short-Term Fellowship Grant from STRI with contributions from the National Science Foundation (EAR 1325683), the Department of Geology and Geophysics at Texas A&M University, and a Sigma Xi Grant-in-Aid of Research. The National System of Investigators of the National Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation of Panama supported AO. LG received a travel grant and registration awards from North American Paleontological Convention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD AUG 2 PY 2016 VL 4 AR e2278 DI 10.7717/peerj.2278 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS4IG UT WOS:000380744100005 PM 27547578 ER PT J AU Gao, TP Shih, CK Engel, MS Ren, D AF Gao, Taiping Shih, Chungkun Engel, Michael S. Ren, Dong TI A new xyelotomid (Hymenoptera) from the Middle Jurassic of China displaying enigmatic venational asymmetry SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Insect; Fossil; Symphyta; Aethotoma; Jiulongshan formation; Daohugou ID NORTHEASTERN CHINA; YIXIAN FORMATION; SHAPE VARIATION; INNER-MONGOLIA; INSECTA; MECOPTERA; XYELIDAE; FOSSIL; EVOLUTION; SYMPHYTA AB Background: Pterygota insects typically have symmetric veins in left and right wings. For studying taxonomy and phylogeny of fossil insects, venational patterns are commonly used as diagnostic characters, in conjunction with preserved body characters. Some examples of asymmetrical venation are known among extant insects, but only a few fossil insects with asymmetric wings have been reported, among which a previously described xyelotomid of Hymenoptera, Xyelocerus diaphanous, displays an unusual, small cell of vein Rs in the left forewing, but not in the right. Results: Herein we report a new sawfly of the family Xyelotomidae, Aethotoma aninomorpha gen. et sp. nov., from the late Middle Jurassic of China having a simple Sc in the forewing and Sc with two branches in the hind wing. In additional, the new specimen exhibits an enigmatic venational asymmetry. In the right forewing, crossvein 2r-rs of forms a loop, then forks into 2 long branches reaching Rs, while 2r-rs of the left forewing forks into 2 short branches reaching Rs, in contrast to a linear 2r-rs in typical fossil and extant sawflies. Conclusion: Such rare asymmetrical venation found from fossil sawflies provides a glance at early occurrences of venational variability and instability, or possibly aberrational development, for insects in the late Middle Jurassic. C1 [Gao, Taiping; Shih, Chungkun; Ren, Dong] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Shih, Chungkun] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Div Entomol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Ren, D (reprint author), Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. EM rendong@mail.cnu.edu.cn RI Engel, Michael/C-5461-2012 OI Engel, Michael/0000-0003-3067-077X FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB821906]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31230065, 41272006]; Beijing Municipal Commission of Education [KZ201310028033]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT13081]; National Natural Science Foundation [31401993]; US NSF [DEB-0542909] FX D.R. was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program; 2012CB821906), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31230065, 41272006), Great Wall Scholar and KEY project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education Project (grant KZ201310028033), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT13081); T.P.G was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (31401993); and M.S.E. was supported by US NSF grant DEB-0542909. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD AUG 2 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 155 DI 10.1186/s12862-016-0730-0 PG 7 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DS5LX UT WOS:000380824700002 PM 27485108 ER PT J AU Erlandson, JM Zeder, MA Boivin, NL Crowther, A Denham, T Fuller, DQ Larson, G Petraglia, MD AF Erlandson, Jon M. Zeder, Melinda A. Boivin, Nicole L. Crowther, Alison Denham, Tim Fuller, Dorian Q. Larson, Greger Petraglia, Michael D. TI REPLY TO ELLIS ET AL.: Human niche construction and evolutionary theory SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter ID CONSEQUENCES C1 [Erlandson, Jon M.] Univ Oregon, Museum Nat & Cultural Hist, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Zeder, Melinda A.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zeder, Melinda A.] Santa Fe Inst, External Fac, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Boivin, Nicole L.; Petraglia, Michael D.] Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Oxford OX1 2PG, England. [Boivin, Nicole L.] Max Planck Inst Sci Human Hist, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Crowther, Alison] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Denham, Tim] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Arts & Social Sci, Sch Archaeol & Anthropol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Fuller, Dorian Q.] UCL, Inst Archaeol, London WC1H 0PY, England. [Larson, Greger] Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Palaeogen Bioarchaeol Res Network, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. RP Boivin, NL (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Oxford OX1 2PG, England.; Boivin, NL (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Sci Human Hist, D-07743 Jena, Germany. EM nicole.boivin@rlaha.ox.ac.uk NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 2 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 31 BP E4437 EP E4438 DI 10.1073/pnas.1609617113 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS2HH UT WOS:000380586600004 PM 27422550 ER PT J AU Kosch, TA Bataille, A Didinger, C Eimes, JA Rodriguez-Brenes, S Ryan, MJ Waldman, B AF Kosch, Tiffany A. Bataille, Arnaud Didinger, Chelsea Eimes, John A. Rodriguez-Brenes, Sofia Ryan, Michael J. Waldman, Bruce TI Major histocompatibility complex selection dynamics in pathogen-infected tungara frog (Physalaemus pustulosus) populations SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE amphibian population declines; chytridiomycosis; directional selection; host-pathogen interactions; major histocompatibility complex; resistance alleles ID MHC; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; AMPHIBIANS; RESISTANCE AB Pathogen-driven selection can favour major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles that confer immunological resistance to specific diseases. However, strong directional selection should deplete genetic variation necessary for robust immune function in the absence of balancing selection or challenges presented by other pathogens. We examined selection dynamics at one MHC class II (MHC-II) locus across Panamanian populations of the tungara frog, Physalaemus pustulosus, infected by the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). We compared MHC-II diversity in highland tungara frog populations, where amphibian communities have experienced declines owing to Bd, with those in the lowland region that have shown no evidence of decline. Highland region frogs had MHC variants that confer resistance to Bd. Variant fixation appeared to occur by directional selection rather than inbreeding, as overall genetic variation persisted in populations. In Bd-infected lowland sites, however, selective advantage may accrue to individuals with only one Bd-resistance allele, which were more frequent. Environmental conditions in lowlands should be less favourable for Bd infection, which may reduce selection for specific Bd resistance in hosts. Our results suggest that MHC selection dynamics fluctuate in tungara frog populations as a function of the favourability of habitat to pathogen spread and the vulnerability of hosts to infection. C1 [Kosch, Tiffany A.; Bataille, Arnaud; Didinger, Chelsea; Eimes, John A.; Waldman, Bruce] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Behav & Populat Ecol, Seoul 08826, South Korea. [Rodriguez-Brenes, Sofia; Ryan, Michael J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ryan, Michael J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Waldman, B (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Behav & Populat Ecol, Seoul 08826, South Korea. EM waldman@snu.ac.kr OI Waldman, Bruce/0000-0003-0006-5333; Kosch, Tiffany/0000-0001-5158-5748; Bataille, Arnaud/0000-0002-3508-2144 FU National Research Foundation of Korea - government of the Republic of Korea (MOE) [2015R1D1A1A01057282]; National Scientific Foundation [IBN 0517328] FX The research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea, funded by the government of the Republic of Korea (MOE; grant no. 2015R1D1A1A01057282 to B.W.), and the National Scientific Foundation (grant no. IBN 0517328 to M.J.R.). NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 12 IS 8 AR 20160345 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0345 PG 5 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA EF4WB UT WOS:000390331600016 ER PT J AU Battaglia, N Leauthaud, A Miyatake, H Hasselfield, M Grallad, MB Allison, R Bond, JR Calabrese, E Crichton, D Devlin, MJ Dunkley, J Dunner, R Erben, T Ferrara, S Halpern, M Hilton, M Hill, JC Hincks, AD Hlozek, R Huffenberger, KM Hughes, JP Kneib, JP Kosowsky, A Makler, M Marriage, TA Menanteaus, F Miller, L Moodley, K Moraesv, B Niemack, MD Page, L Shan, H Sehgal, N Sherwin, BD Sievers, JL Sifon, C Spergel, DN Staggs, ST Taylor, JE Thornton, R van Waerbekek, L Wollackag, EJ AF Battaglia, N. Leauthaud, A. Miyatake, H. Hasselfield, M. Grallad, M. B. Allison, R. Bond, J. R. Calabrese, E. Crichton, D. Devlin, M. J. Dunkley, J. Duenner, R. Erben, T. Ferrara, S. Halpern, M. Hilton, M. Hill, J. C. Hincks, A. D. Hlozek, R. Huffenberger, K. M. Hughes, J. P. Kneib, J. P. Kosowsky, A. Makler, M. Marriage, T. A. Menanteaus, F. Miller, L. Moodley, K. Moraesv, B. Niemack, M. D. Page, L. Shan, H. Sehgal, N. Sherwin, B. D. Sievers, J. L. Sifon, C. Spergel, D. N. Staggs, S. T. Taylor, J. E. Thornton, R. van Waerbekek, L. Wollackag, E. J. TI Weak-lensing mass calibration of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope equatorial Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster sample with the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope stripe 82 survey SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxy clusters; gravitational lensing; Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GALAXY SHAPE MEASUREMENT; SZ SCALING RELATIONS; DARK-MATTER HALOES; II. X-RAY; INTRINSIC ALIGNMENTS; CROSS-CORRELATION; POWER SPECTRUM; COSMIC SHEAR AB Mass calibration uncertainty is the largest systematic effect for using clusters of galaxies to constrain cosmological parameters. We present weak lensing mass measurements from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Stripe 82 Survey for galaxy clusters selected through their high signal-to-noise thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) signal measured with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). For a sample of 9 ACT clusters with a tSZ signal-to-noise greater than five the average weak lensing mass is (4.8 +/- 0.8) x 10(14) M-circle dot, consistent with the tSZ mass estimate of (4.70 +/- 1.0) x 10(14) M-circle dot which assumes a universal pressure profile for the cluster gas. Our results are consistent with previous weak-lensing measurements of tSZ-detected clusters from the Planck satellite. When comparing our results, we estimate the Eddington bias correction for the sample intersection of Planck and weak-lensing clusters which was previously excluded. C1 [Battaglia, N.; Miyatake, H.; Hasselfield, M.; Calabrese, E.; Ferrara, S.; Hlozek, R.; Sherwin, B. D.; Spergel, D. N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Leauthaud, A.; Miyatake, H.] Univ Tokyo, UTIAS, Kavli IPMU WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Miyatake, H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Grallad, M. B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Grallad, M. B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Allison, R.; Calabrese, E.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Bond, J. R.] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M55 3H8, Canada. [Devlin, M. J.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Duenner, R.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago, Chile. [Erben, T.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Halpern, M.; Hincks, A. D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Hilton, M.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa. [Hill, J. C.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Huffenberger, K. M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Hughes, J. P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Kneib, J. P.] EPFL, Observ Sauverny, Astrophys Lab, CH-1290 Versoix, France. [Kosowsky, A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Makler, M.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fsicas, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Menanteaus, F.] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Menanteaus, F.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Miller, L.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Moraesv, B.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Moraesv, B.] Minist Educ Brazil, CAPES Fdn, BR-70040020 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Niemack, M. D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Page, L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Shan, H.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Observ Sauverny, Lab Astrophys LASTRO, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Sehgal, N.] Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Sherwin, B. D.] Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sherwin, B. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sievers, J. L.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Chem & Phys, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa. [Staggs, S. T.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Taylor, J. E.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [van Waerbekek, L.] West Chester Univ Penn, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. [Wollackag, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Battaglia, N (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM nbatta@astro.princeton.edu OI Huffenberger, Kevin/0000-0001-7109-0099; Sifon, Cristobal/0000-0002-8149-1352 FU World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0408698, AST-0965625, PHY-0855887, PHY-1214379]; Princeton University; University of Pennsylvania; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT); CFI; NSERC, Ontario; ORF-RE; U of T deans; Laboratorio Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia (LIneA); Lyman Spitzer Fellowship; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; Simons Foundation; NSF [AST-1311756, AST-1312380]; NASA [NNX12AG72G]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Transregional Collaborative Research Centre TR33]; Marie-Curie International Incoming Fellowship [FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF/327561]; NSFC of China [11103011]; CAPES Foundation [12174-13-0] FX This work is supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. The ACT project is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through awards AST-0408698 and AST-0965625, as well as awards PHY-0855887 and PHY-1214379. ACT funding was also provided by Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and a Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award to UBC. ACT operates in the Parque Astronomico Atacama in northern Chile under the auspices of the Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT). Simulations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium and CITA's Sunnyvale high-performance computing clusters. SCINET is funded and supported by CFI, NSERC, Ontario, ORF-RE and U of T deans. We thank the CFHTLenS team for their pipeline development and verification upon which much of the CS82 survey pipeline was built. This work was based on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institut National des Science de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) of France, and the University of Hawaii. The Brazilian partnership on CFHT is managed by the Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica (LNA). We thank the support of the Laboratorio Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia (LIneA). NB and RH acknowledge support from the Lyman Spitzer Fellowship. HM is supported in part by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Research Fellowships for Young Scientists and by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. JCH is partially supported by a Junior Fellow award from the Simons Foundation. JCH and DNS acknowledge support from NSF AST-1311756. DNS acknowledges the support of NASA grant NNX12AG72G. AK acknowledges the support of NSF AST-1312380. TE is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Transregional Collaborative Research Centre TR33 - The Dark Universe. HS acknowledges the support from Marie-Curie International Incoming Fellowship (FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IIF/327561) and NSFC of China under grants 11103011. BM acknowledges financial support from the CAPES Foundation grant 12174-13-0. We thank J. G. Bartlett and G. Rocha for their helpful discussions on the Planck SZ source catalog and B. Partridge for helpful comments on the paper. We thank M. Simet, E. Rozo, and R. Mandelbaum for access to their data that assisted us in responding to the referee report and our anonymous referee for their insightful comments. NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 IS 8 AR 013 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2016/08/013 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA EE8EW UT WOS:000389859100005 ER PT J AU Agnarsson, I Gotelli, NJ Agostini, D Kuntner, M AF Agnarsson, Ingi Gotelli, Nicholas J. Agostini, Diego Kuntner, Matjaz TI Limited role of character displacement in the coexistence of congeneric Anelosimus spiders in a Madagascan montane forest SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FLOWERING PHENOLOGIES; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; ARANEAE; THERIDIIDAE; COMPETITION; EVOLUTION; SELECTION; TRAITS; OVERDISPERSION AB Evolutionary and ecological theory predicts that closely related and similar species should coexist infrequently because speciation is more likely to occur allopatrically than sympatrically, and because co-occurring species with similar traits may compete for limited resources, leading to competitive exclusion or character displacement. Here we study the unusual coexistence of 10 similar congeneric species of Anelosimus spiders within a small forest fragment in Madagascar. We asked if these species radiated in sympatry or allopatry, and if there was evidence for local-scale character displacement in body size and other species-level traits. We sampled similar to 350 colonies (6346 individuals) along a 2800 m transect. We identified colonies using morphology and DNA barcoding, and tested the monophyly of local and regional species assemblages with time-calibrated phylogenies. We used null model analysis and phylogenetic signal inference to test for patterns of segregation in body size, microhabitat, phenology, and seasonality of coexisting species. We found that all species belong to a Madagascan clade that radiated during the Pliocene, but that contemporary local assemblages are non-monophyletic. This is consistent with allopatric speciation during periods of global cooling and expansion of grasslands, and subsequent species assembly as forest fragments re-expanded and coalesced. We found no evidence for character displacement, except for overdispersion and even spacing in phenology: species were segregated by instars in a manner consistent with resource partitioning or maintenance of reproductive isolation. Overdispersion or even spacing in phenology may contribute to coexistence either through resource partitioning or mate recognition. However, there was no support for a scenario of resource partitioning and divergence of body size or other correlated morphological characters. These traits are better explained by evolutionary forces operating during speciation, rather than ecological forces operating during local community assembly. C1 [Agnarsson, Ingi; Gotelli, Nicholas J.] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, 109 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Agnarsson, Ingi; Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, NHB-105,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Biol Inst ZRC SAZU, Evolutionary Zool Lab, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, Coll Life Sci, Ctr Behav Ecol & Evolut, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Agostini, Diego] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, 109 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.; Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, NHB-105,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM iagnarsson@gmail.com FU Slovenian Research Agency [ARRS Z1-9799-0618-07]; National Geographic Society [8655-09]; Univ. of Puerto Rico; Univ. of Vermont; National Science Foundation [DEB-1050187-1050253]; U. S. NSF [DEB 1257625, DEB 1144055, DEB 1136644] FX Thanks to Sahondra Rahanitriniaina and Honore Rabarison (Nono) for assistance with field collection. We are grateful to Patricia Wright, Fredrica van Berkum, Benjamin Andriamihaja and all the ANGAP/MICET/MNP crew in Antananarivo and Perinet for logistical help. Yadira Ortiz Ruiz and Carol Yablonsky assisted with the molecular work. Funding for this work came from the Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS Z1-9799-0618-07). Additional funds came from the National Geographic Society (8655-09), The Univ. of Puerto Rico, The Univ. of Vermont, and the National Science Foundation (DEB-1050187-1050253) to IA and G. Binford. NJG was supported by U. S. NSF DEB 1257625, NSF DEB 1144055, and NSF DEB 1136644. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD AUG PY 2016 VL 39 IS 8 BP 743 EP 753 DI 10.1111/ecog.01930 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DW4TI UT WOS:000383635500004 ER PT J AU Corrigan, CM Mccoy, TJ Lunning, NG AF Corrigan, C. M. Mccoy, T. J. Lunning, N. G. TI GIANT SPINEL IN LL6 CHONDRITE MILLER RANGE (MIL) 07065. SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc C1 [Corrigan, C. M.; Mccoy, T. J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW,MRC 119, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM corriganc@si.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A212 EP A212 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400070 ER PT J AU Crossley, SD Mayne, RG Lunning, NG Mccoy, TJ Greenwood, RC Franchi, IA AF Crossley, S. D. Mayne, R. G. Lunning, N. G. Mccoy, T. J. Greenwood, R. C. Franchi, I. A. TI STANNERN-TREND EUCRITE PETROGENESIS: AN ASSESSMENT OF PARTIAL MELT CONTAMINATION MODELS VIA EXPERIMENTAL PETROLOGY SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc ID METAMORPHISM C1 [Crossley, S. D.; Mayne, R. G.] Texas Christian Univ, Texas Christian Univ Monnig Meteorite Collect, Sch Geol Energy & Environm, 2950 West Bowie SWR 207, Ft Worth, TX 76109 USA. [Lunning, N. G.; Mccoy, T. J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Greenwood, R. C.; Franchi, I. A.] Open Univ, Planetary & Space Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. EM s.crossley@tcu.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A213 EP A213 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400071 ER PT J AU Ivanova, MA Lorenz, CA Ma, C Ivanov, AV AF Ivanova, M. A. Lorenz, C. A. Ma, C. Ivanov, A. V. TI THE KAIDUN BRECCIA MATERIAL VARIETY: NEW CLASTS AND UPDATED HYPOTHESIS ON A SPACE TRAWL ORIGIN SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc ID METEORITE C1 [Ivanova, M. A.; Lorenz, C. A.; Ivanov, A. V.] Vernadsky Inst, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Ivanova, M. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ma, C.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM meteorite2000@gmail.ru NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A353 EP A353 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400211 ER PT J AU Lunning, NG Mccoy, TJ Corrigan, CM Waters, LE AF Lunning, N. G. Mccoy, T. J. Corrigan, C. M. Waters, L. E. TI DIFFERENTIATION OF RELATIVELY OXIDIZED PLANETESIMALS: EXPERIMENTAL PARTIAL MELTING OF ALLENDE AT IW+1 SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc ID PARENT BODY; HIGH-PRESSURE C1 [Lunning, N. G.; Mccoy, T. J.; Corrigan, C. M.; Waters, L. E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM lunningn@si.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A427 EP A427 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400285 ER PT J AU Mccoy, TJ AF Mccoy, T. J. TI METEORITIC ARCHAEOLOGIC OBJECTS AS A KEY TO UNDERSTANDING TRADE IN ANCIENT EASTERN NORTH AMERICA SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc C1 [Mccoy, T. J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM mccoyt@si.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A450 EP A450 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400308 ER PT J AU McCubbin, FM Mccoy, TJ AF McCubbin, F. M. Mccoy, T. J. TI EXPECTED GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL PROPERTIES OF METEORITES FROM MERCURY: INFERENCES FROM MESSENGER DATA SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc ID RAY SPECTROMETER; SURFACE C1 [McCubbin, F. M.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Mail Code X12,2101 NASA Pkwy, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Mccoy, T. J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A451 EP A451 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400309 ER PT J AU Schroder, C Bland, PA Golombek, MP Ashley, JW Warner, NH Grant, JA AF Schroeder, C. Bland, P. A. Golombek, M. P. Ashley, J. W. Warner, N. H. Grant, J. A. TI AMAZONIAN CHEMICAL WEATHERNG RATE DERIVED FROM STONY METEORITE FINDS AT MERIDIANI PLANUM ON MARS SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society CY AUG 07-12, 2016 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Meteorit Soc ID CLIMATE; CRATER C1 [Schroeder, C.] Univ Stirling, Fac Nat Sci, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Bland, P. A.] Curtin Univ, Dept Appl Geol, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Golombek, M. P.; Ashley, J. W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Warner, N. H.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Dept Geol Sci, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA. [Grant, J. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM chris-tian.schroeder@stir.ac.uk NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 51 SU 1 SI SI BP A558 EP A558 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA ED2GQ UT WOS:000388662400416 ER PT J AU Elvis, M AF Elvis, Martin TI What can space resources do for astronomy and planetary science? SO SPACE POLICY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Royal-Astronomical-Society on Use of Extraterrestrial Resources to Help Facilitate Space Science and Exploration CY APR 08, 2016 CL London, ENGLAND SP Royal Astron Soc DE Space resources; Astronomy; Planetary science; Future missions; Launch costs; Spacecraft costs ID GENE-EXPRESSION; FLIGHT AB The rapid cost growth of flagship space missions has created a crisis for astronomy and planetary science. We have hit the funding wall. For the past 3 decades scientists have not had to think much about how space technology would change within their planning horizon. However, this time around enormous improvements in space infrastructure capabilities and, especially, costs are likely on the 20-year gestation periods for large space telescopes. Commercial space will lower launch and spacecraft costs substantially, enable cost-effective on-orbit servicing, cheap lunar landers and "interplanetary cubesats" by the early 2020s. A doubling of flagship launch rates is not implausible. On a longer timescale it will enable large structures to be assembled and constructed in space. These developments will change how we plan and design missions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Elvis, Martin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Elvis, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM melvis@cfa.harvard.edu OI Elvis, Martin/0000-0001-5060-1398 FU NSF [1066293] FX I thank Jonathan McDowell, who is an inexhaustible resource for detailed, reliable space information and wisdom, and Jeff Hoffman for providing a quote about servicing Hubble. I thank the Aspen Center for Physics funded by NSF grant # 1066293 for their hospitality while this paper was initiated. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-9646 EI 1879-338X J9 SPACE POLICY JI Space Policy PD AUG PY 2016 VL 37 SI SI BP 65 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.spacepol.2016.08.001 PN 2 PG 12 WC International Relations; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC International Relations; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA ED9CX UT WOS:000389168900005 ER PT J AU Morgan, GA Campbell, BA Campbell, DB Hawke, BR AF Morgan, G. A. Campbell, B. A. Campbell, D. B. Hawke, B. R. TI Investigating the stratigraphy of Mare Imbrium flow emplacement with Earth-based radar SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID OCEANUS PROCELLARUM; REGOLITH PROPERTIES; WAVELENGTH RADAR; LUNAR VOLCANISM; MOON; BASALTS; AGES; SERENITATIS; NEARSIDE; IMAGES AB The lunar maria are the product of extensive basaltic volcanism that flooded widespread portions of the Moon's surface. Constraining mare volcanic history therefore provides a window into the endogenic processes responsible for shaping the Moon. Due to the low magma viscosity and the associated thin nature of lava units, the majority of mare surface structures are masked and subdued by impact regolith. Subtle individual mare flow morphologies, coupled with spatial limitations in the use of crater size distributions to distinguish surface units close in age, restrict our understanding of mare stratigraphy. Earth-based 70 cm wavelength (P band) radar can reveal features beneath the regolith and highlight very subtle changes in the ilmenite content of the flows, providing a unique means to map mare units. Here we map volcanic units in Mare Imbrium using high-resolution (200 m/pixel), Earth-based P band data. Situated within the heat-producing potassium, rare earth element, and phosphorus terrane, Mare Imbrium experienced some of the most long-lived (and recent) lunar volcanism, and its surface exhibits a significant diversity of basaltic chemistry. Our investigation identifies at least four distinct stages of volcanic activity, originating from multiple sources within Imbrium. The most recent of these stages comprises extensive, yet relatively thin volcanic flow units that left remnant kipukas of older mare material distributed across much of the basin. From a future mission perspective, it may be possible to collect samples expressing a wide range in age from small areas of Mare Imbrium. Our map also places important constraints on the interpretation of the Chang'e-3 Lunar Penetrating Radar measurements. C1 [Morgan, G. A.; Campbell, B. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Campbell, D. B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hawke, B. R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, HIGP, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Morgan, GA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM morganga@si.edu FU NASA's Planetary Astronomy and LASER Programs; National Science Foundation [AST-1100968]; alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana; Universities Space Research Association; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX12AF24G] FX This paper reflects many years of B.R. Hawke's advice to the authors on a diverse range of lunar science topics. His deep knowledge of the Moon and wise counsel will be greatly missed. We would like to thank B. Thomson, an anonymous reviewer, and JGR Associate Editor W. Fa for their detailed feedback and helpful suggestions. This work was supported in part by grants from NASA's Planetary Astronomy and LASER Programs. The SC radar image data used to derive the Mare Imbrium map are available in tiff format on the Center for Earth and Planetary Studies at the National Air and Space Museum website and can be found at http://airandspace.si.edu/CEPSData. The authors thank the staff at Arecibo Observatory and the Green Bank Telescope for invaluable assistance in collecting the lunar radar data. John Chandler of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory provided the lunar ephemerides for our mapping. The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968) and in alliance with Ana G. Mendez-Universidad Metropolitana and the Universities Space Research Association. The Arecibo Planetary Radar Program is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NNX12AF24G issued through the Near Earth Object Observations Program. The Green Bank Telescope is part of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the NSF operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9097 EI 2169-9100 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 1498 EP 1513 DI 10.1002/2016JE005041 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EC0MI UT WOS:000387794800008 ER PT J AU Davidson, TM Ruiz, GM Torchin, ME AF Davidson, Timothy M. Ruiz, Gregory M. Torchin, Mark E. TI Boring crustaceans shape the land-sea interface in brackish Caribbean mangroves SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE boring isopod; ecosystem engineering; ecotone; habitat edge; introduced species; land-sea interface; marginal habitat; non-consumer interactions; non-herbivorous interactions; plant-animal interactions; Rhizophora mangle; Sphaeroma terebrans ID RED MANGROVE; HERBIVORY; FORESTS; COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS; HABITAT; TERRESTRIAL; COMPLEXITY; ELEPHANTS; AVICENNIA AB Consumer effects on the structure and extent of habitat-forming foundation species such as trees and coral reefs are well known, but the role of non-consumer interactions is less studied. Red mangroves are major foundation species at the land-sea interface, creating critical habitat in the tropics and subtropics. The complex aerial roots of mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) provide structural support to the tree and support diverse marine biota including boring isopods (Sphaeroma terebrans). These isopods frequently bore into root tips of mangroves causing atrophy, which can alter the structure and extent of mangrove habitat. We conducted a large-scale isopod exclusion experiment across 18 degrees of latitude at eight locations from Panama to Florida to test how isopods affect mangrove root structure and anchorage across a broad geographic range. We hypothesized that excluding isopods would increase root growth rates, morphological complexity, and anchorage compared to roots exposed to isopods. After one year, mangrove roots protected from boring isopods with cages increased growth by 2.5-19 times and exhibited a more complex morphology compared to uncaged controls. Further, 15% of caged roots became anchored in the sediment compared to none of the uncaged isopod-inhabited roots. This suggests that these isopods, which are native to the Indo-Pacific, are a major, widespread structuring agent of mangrove root habitat in the Caribbean and Florida, potentially limiting mangrove encroachment into estuarine waters. C1 [Davidson, Timothy M.; Torchin, Mark E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Davidson, Timothy M.] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Biol Sci, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Davidson, TM (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.; Davidson, TM (reprint author), Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Biol Sci, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. EM Davidson@csus.edu OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU National Science Foundation Ocean Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship [OCE-PRF 1323429]; Smithsonian Institution Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We are grateful for the field, laboratory, and logistical support provided by Andrew Sellers, Carmen Schloeder, and Amanda Fenner. We thank Adrian Vernon, Juhyung Lee, Christian Harris, Brittney Kosar, Allyson Tombesi, Samantha Flounders, Taylor Jackson, and Nicole Yamase for their help in the field and Donna and Roger Davidson for helping to sew dozens of cages. Jill Schmid, Victoria Vazquez, and Kevin Cunniff, at the Rookery Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, provided key logistical support and expert local knowledge. We thank Ernie Estevez for the many insightful discussions on isopod-mangrove interactions and for the use of his boat and site access. Critical comments by two anonymous reviewers and Brian Turner improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. The primary funding for this research was provided by the Smithsonian Institution Marine Science Network Postdoctoral Fellowship. Additional support was provided by the National Science Foundation Ocean Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship (OCE-PRF 1323429). This article is devoted to the memory of Adrian Vernon, a skilled naturalist and strong ally of mangrove conservation in Belize. We declare no conflicts of interest. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD AUG PY 2016 VL 7 IS 8 AR e01430 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1430 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EB2RG UT WOS:000387208900021 ER PT J AU Stabach, JA Wittemyer, G Boone, RB Reid, RS Worden, JS AF Stabach, J. A. Wittemyer, G. Boone, R. B. Reid, R. S. Worden, J. S. TI Variation in habitat selection by white-bearded wildebeest across different degrees of human disturbance SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Connochaetes taurinus; global positioning system tracking; habitat use; Kenya; resource selection ID SATELLITE SENSOR DATA; RESOURCE SELECTION; SERENGETI WILDEBEEST; NATIONAL-PARK; CONNOCHAETES-TAURINUS; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSES; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MARA ECOSYSTEM AB Resident white-bearded wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) have experienced widespread population declines across much of their range over the past few decades, the drivers of which are attributed to landscape changes. Despite the ecological significance of this decline, surprisingly little is known about the resource needs and habitat use of these animals. Using global positioning system data collected from 2010 to 2013, we assessed resource selection of wildebeest inhabiting three study areas in Kenya with varying degrees of natural and anthropogenic disturbance to identify potential behavioral mechanisms underlying potential landscape-driven declines. Wildebeest were observed to consistently avoid anthropogenic features and dense woody cover, irrespective of season, suggestive of avoidance of landscape features that would likely be associated with increased predation risk. Wildebeest also avoided primary roads, particularly across the Athi-Kaputiei Plains where human density and landscape alteration was greatest. The strongest response to normalized difference vegetation index was observed across the Amboseli Basin, the least productive and anthropogenically altered of our three study areas, leading to pronounced seasonal shifts in space use. Selection of natural and anthropogenic features was similar across the Mara and Athi-Kaputiei Plains, with the exception of the response to roads which likely relates to differences in road use. We also observed strong shifts in space use between day and night periods, particularly in relation to anthropogenic features and likely related to human circadian activity patterns. The observed variability in selection provides detailed information to how wildebeest react to local environmental factors across landscapes, and provides insight to how landscape fragmentation amplifies habitat loss for wildebeest by driving spatial avoidance, a likely mechanism contributing to population declines in this species. The quantified responses of wildebeest to landscape features can aid future conservation management efforts and planning to sustain imperiled wildebeest populations. C1 [Stabach, J. A.; Boone, R. B.; Reid, R. S.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, 1499 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stabach, J. A.; Boone, R. B.; Reid, R. S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, 1476 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wittemyer, G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1474 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Reid, R. S.] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Collaborat Conservat, 1401 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Worden, J. S.] Northern Rangelands Trust, Isiolo, Kenya. [Stabach, J. A.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, 1401 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stabach, J. A.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk,1500 Remount Rd, Ft Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Stabach, JA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, 1499 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Stabach, JA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, 1476 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Stabach, JA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, 1401 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Stabach, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk,1500 Remount Rd, Ft Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM stabachj@si.edu FU National Science Foundation (DEB) [0919383] FX Funding and support was provided by the National Science Foundation (DEB Grant 0919383). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. We thank J. Northrup for fielding far too many questions related to resource selection, C. Roever for assistance with plotting response curves, staff at the African Conservation Centre, D. Mijele, E. Kanga and the staff of the Kenya Wildlife Service, and two anonymous reviewers who provided comments and constructive criticism that greatly improved the content and quality of this manuscript. Lastly, we thank the local communities adjacent to each protected area, without which this research could not have been completed. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD AUG PY 2016 VL 7 IS 8 AR e01428 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1428 PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EB2RG UT WOS:000387208900019 ER PT J AU Claret, A Torres, G AF Claret, A. Torres, G. TI The dependence of convective core overshooting on stellar mass SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: interiors; stars: evolution; binaries: eclipsing ID ECLIPSING BINARY-SYSTEM; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; M-CIRCLE-DOT; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; CLASSICAL CEPHEID; ABSOLUTE PROPERTIES; ARAUCARIA PROJECT; PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; ACCURATE MASSES; EVOLUTION AB Context. Convective core overshooting extends the main-sequence lifetime of a star. Evolutionary tracks computed with overshootingare very different from those that use the classical Schwarzschild criterion, which leads to rather different predictions for the stellar properties. Attempts over the last two decades to calibrate the degree of overshooting with stellar mass using detached double-lined eclipsing binaries have been largely inconclusive, mainly because of a lack of suitable observational data. Aims. We revisit the question of a possible mass dependence of overshooting with a more complete sample of binaries, and examine any additional relation there might be with evolutionary state or metal abundance Z. Methods. We used a carefully selected sample of 33 double-lined eclipsing binaries strategically positioned in the H-R diagram with accurate absolute dimensions and component masses ranging from 1.2 to 4.4 M-circle dot. We compared their measured properties with stellar evolution calculations to infer semi-empirical values of the overshooting parameter alpha(ov) for each star. Our models use the common prescription for the overshoot distance d(ov) = alpha H-ov(p), where Hp is the pressure scale height at the edge of the convective core as given by the Schwarzschild criterion, and alpha(ov) is a free parameter. Results. We find a relation between alpha(ov) and mass, which is defined much more clearly than in previous work, and indicates a significant rise up to about 2 M-circle dot followed by little or no change beyond this mass. No appreciable dependence is seen with evolutionary state at a given mass, or with metallicity at a given mass although the stars in our sample span a range of a factor of ten in [Fe/H], from -1. 01 to +0.01. C1 [Claret, A.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Apartado 3004, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Torres, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Claret, A (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Apartado 3004, E-18080 Granada, Spain. EM claret@iaa.es FU Spanish MEC [AYA2015-71718-R]; NSF [AST-1509375] FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments on the original manuscript. The Spanish MEC (AYA2015-71718-R) is gratefully acknowledged for its support during the development of this work. G.T. acknowledges partial support from the NSF through grant AST-1509375. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at the CDS, Strasbourg, France, and of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 592 AR A15 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628779 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DX9NO UT WOS:000384722600160 ER PT J AU dos Santos, LA Melendez, J do Nascimento, JD Bedell, M Ramirez, I Bean, JL Asplund, M Spina, L Dreizler, S Alves-Brito, A Casagrande, L AF dos Santos, Leonardo A. Melendez, Jorge do Nascimento, Jose-Dias, Jr. Bedell, Megan Ramirez, Ivan Bean, Jacob L. Asplund, Martin Spina, Lorenzo Dreizler, Stefan Alves-Brito, Alan Casagrande, Luca TI The Solar Twin Planet Search IV. The Sun as a typical rotator and evidence for a new rotational braking law for Sun-like stars SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: rotation; stars: solar-type; stars: rotation; stars: fundamental parameters ID ANGULAR-MOMENTUM EVOLUTION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; CHROMOSPHERIC EMISSION; G-DWARFS; LITHIUM DEPLETION; FIELD STARS; HD 114174; K-DWARFS; ABUNDANCES; BINARY AB Context. It is still unclear how common the Sun is when compared to other similar stars in regards to some of its physical properties, such as rotation. Considering that gyrochronology relations are widely used today to estimate ages of stars in the main sequence, and that the Sun is used to calibrate it, it is crucial to assess whether these procedures are acceptable. Aims. We analyze the rotational velocities, limited by the unknown rotation axis inclination angle, of an unprecedented large sample of solar twins to study the rotational evolution of Sun-like stars, and assess whether the Sun is a typical rotator. Methods. We used high-resolution (R = 115 000) spectra obtained with the HARPS spectrograph and the 3.6 m telescope at La Silla Observatory. The projected rotational velocities for 81 solar twins were estimated by line profile fitting with synthetic spectra. Macro-turbulence velocities were inferred from a prescription that accurately reflects their dependence with effective temperature and luminosity of the stars. Results. Our sample of solar twins include some spectroscopic binaries with enhanced rotational velocities, and we do not find any nonspectroscopic binaries with unusually high rotation velocities. We verified that the Sun does not have a peculiar rotation, but the solar twins exhibit rotational velocities that depart from the Skumanich relation. Conclusions. The Sun is a regular rotator when compared to solar twins with a similar age. Additionally, we obtain a rotational braking law that better describes the stars in our sample (v proportional to t(-0.6)) in contrast to previous, often-used scalings. C1 [dos Santos, Leonardo A.; Melendez, Jorge; Spina, Lorenzo] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Astron IAG USP, Rua Matao 1226,Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [dos Santos, Leonardo A.; Bedell, Megan; Bean, Jacob L.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [do Nascimento, Jose-Dias, Jr.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [do Nascimento, Jose-Dias, Jr.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ramirez, Ivan] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ramirez, Ivan] Dept Astron Austin, Austin, TX USA. [Asplund, Martin; Casagrande, Luca] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Cotter Rd, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Dreizler, Stefan] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, Gottingen, Germany. [Alves-Brito, Alan] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Av Bento Goncalves 9500, BR-90650002 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP dos Santos, LA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Astron IAG USP, Rua Matao 1226,Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.; dos Santos, LA (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM leonardoags@usp.br OI dos Santos, Leonardo/0000-0002-2248-3838 FU CAPES; FAPESP [2014/26908-1, 2016/01684-9, 2012/24392-2, 2014/15706-9] FX L.d.S. thanks CAPES and FAPESP, grants No. 2014/26908-1 and 2016/01684-9 for support. J.M. thanks FAPESP (2012/24392-2) for support. L.S. acknowledges support by FAPESP (2014/15706-9). We also would like to thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments that significantly improved this manuscript. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 592 AR A156 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628558 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DX9NO UT WOS:000384722600133 ER PT J AU Feng, S Beuther, H Zhang, Q Henning, T Linz, H Ragan, S Smith, R AF Feng, S. Beuther, H. Zhang, Q. Henning, Th. Linz, H. Ragan, S. Smith, R. TI Are infrared dark clouds really quiescent? SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: formation; stars: massive; ISM: lines and bands; ISM: molecules; submillimeter: ISM; ISM: abundances ID MASS STAR-FORMATION; LARGE ARRAY OBSERVATIONS; HCN/HNC ABUNDANCE RATIO; PERSEUS MOLECULAR CLOUD; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; INITIAL CONDITIONS; DENSE CORES; FORMING CORES; HIERARCHICAL FRAGMENTATION; IONIZATION FRACTION AB Context. The dense, cold regions where high-mass stars form are poorly characterized, yet they represent an ideal opportunity to learn more about the initial conditions of high-mass star formation (HMSF) since high-mass starless cores (HMSCs) lack the violent feedback seen at later evolutionary stages. Aims. We investigate the initial conditions of HMSF by studying the dynamics and chemistry of HMSCs. Methods. We present continuum maps obtained from the Submillimeter Array (SMA) interferometry at 1.1 mm for four infrared dark clouds (IRDCs, G28.34 S, IRDC 18530, IRDC 18306, and IRDC 18308). For these clouds, we also present line surveys at 1 mm/3 mm obtained from IRAM 30m single-dish observations. Results. (1) At an angular resolution of 2" (similar to 10(4) AU at an average distance of 4 kpc), the 1.1mm SMA observations resolve each source into several fragments. The mass of each fragment is on average > 10 M-circle dot, which exceeds the predicted thermal Jeans mass of the entire clump by a factor of up to 30, indicating that thermal pressure does not dominate the fragmentation process. Our measured velocity dispersions in the lines obtained by 30m imply that non-thermal motion provides the extra support against gravity in the fragments. (2) Both non-detection of high-J transitions and the hyperfine multiplet fit of N2H+ (J = 1 -> 0), C2H (N = 1 -> 0), HCN (J = 1 -> 0), and (HCN)-C-13 (J = 1 -> 0) indicate that our sources are cold and young. However, the obvious detection of SiO and the asymmetric line profile of HCO + (J = 1 -> 0) in G28.34 S indicate a potential protostellar object and probable infall motion. (3) With a large number of N-bearing species, the existence of carbon rings and molecular ions, and the anti-correlated spatial distributions between N2H+/NH2D and CO, our large-scale high-mass clumps exhibit similar chemical features to small-scale low-mass prestellar objects. Conclusions. This study of a small sample of IRDCs illustrates that thermal Jeans instability alone cannot explain the fragmentation of the clump into cold (T similar to 15 K), dense (> 105 cm(3)) cores and that these IRDCs are not completely quiescent. C1 [Feng, S.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Feng, S.; Beuther, H.; Henning, Th.; Linz, H.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ragan, S.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Smith, R.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Feng, S (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.; Feng, S (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM syfeng@mpe.mpg.de OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica FX We would like to thank the SMA staff and IRAM 30 m staff for their helpful support during the reduction of the SMA data and the performance of the IRAM 30 m observations in service mode. We thank J. Pineda, Y. Wang, Z. Y. Zhang, and K. Wang for helpful discussions. We thank the anonymous reviewer for the constructive comments. This research made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. NR 143 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 592 AR A21 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526864 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DX9NO UT WOS:000384722600017 ER PT J AU Kaminski, T Wong, KT Schmidt, MR Muller, HSP Gottlieb, CA Cherchneff, I Menten, KM Keller, D Brunken, S Winters, JM Patel, NA AF Kaminski, T. Wong, K. T. Schmidt, M. R. Mueller, H. S. P. Gottlieb, C. A. Cherchneff, I. Menten, K. M. Keller, D. Bruenken, S. Winters, J. M. Patel, N. A. TI An observational study of dust nucleation in Mira (o Ceti) I. Variable features of AlO and other Al- bearing species SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: mass-loss; circumstellar matter; submillimeter: stars; astrochemistry ID VY CANIS MAJORIS; LONG-PERIOD VARIABLES; GIANT BRANCH STARS; SHOCK-INDUCED VARIABILITY; EMISSION-LINES; AGB STARS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; EXTENDED ATMOSPHERE; MODEL ATMOSPHERES; ALUMINUM-HYDRIDE AB Context. Dust is efficiently produced by cool giant stars, but the condensation of inorganic dust is poorly understood. Observations of key aluminum bearing molecules around evolved stars has enabled us to investigate the nucleation of alumina (Al2O3)dust in the gas. Aims. We aim to identify and characterize aluminum bearing species in the circumstellar gas of Mira (o Ceti) in order to elucidate their role in the production of Al2O3 dust. Methods. We used multiepoch spectral line observations at (sub-) millimeter, far-infrared, and optical wavelengths including: maps with ALMA that probe the gas distribution in the immediate vicinity of the star at similar to 30 mas; observations with ALMA, APEX, and Herschel in 2013 2015 for studying cycle and inter-cycle variability of the rotational lines of Al-bearing molecules; optical records as far back as 1965 to examine variations in electronic transitions over time spans of days to decades; and velocity measurements and excitation analysis of the spectral features that constrain the physical parameters of the gas. Results. Three diatomic molecules AlO, AlOH, and AlH, and atomic Al i are the main observable aluminum species in Mira, although a significant fraction of aluminum might reside in other species that have not yet been identified. Strong irregular variability in the (sub-) millimeter and optical features of AlO (possibly the direct precursor of Al2O3) indicates substantial changes in the excitation conditions, or varying abundance that is likely related to shocks in the star. The inhomogeneous distribution of AlO might influence the spatial and temporal characteristics of dust production. Conclusions. We are unable to quantitatively trace aluminum depletion from the gas, but the rich observational material constrains time-dependent chemical networks. Future improvements should include spectroscopic characterization of higher aluminum oxides, coordinated observations of dust and gas species at different variability phases, and tools to derive abundances in shock-excited gas. C1 [Kaminski, T.] ESO, Alonso de Cordova 3107,Casilla 19001, Santiago, Chile. [Wong, K. T.; Menten, K. M.; Keller, D.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Schmidt, M. R.] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Rabianska 8, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Mueller, H. S. P.; Bruenken, S.] Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Gottlieb, C. A.; Patel, N. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cherchneff, I.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, Klingelbergstr 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Winters, J. M.] IRAM, 300 Rue La Piscine,Domaine Univ Grenoble, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France. RP Kaminski, T (reprint author), ESO, Alonso de Cordova 3107,Casilla 19001, Santiago, Chile. EM tkaminsk@eso.org RI Brunken, Sandra/B-1880-2010; OI Brunken, Sandra/0000-0001-7175-4828; Wong, Ka Tat/0000-0002-4579-6546 FU ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory [074.D-0114(A), 089.D-0383(A)] FX We thank T. Kipper (Tartu Observatory) for sending us a copy of his article. We are also grateful to O. Adriyenko (Terskol Observatory) for providing us with his spectra and E. Griffin (NRC-Herzberg) for her efforts to digitalize the DAO spectroscopical plates. We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research. Based on data obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility and made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 074.D-0114(A) and 089.D-0383(A). Based on observations obtained at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council of Canada, the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientique of France, and the University of Hawaii. Based on observations obtained at the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, NRC Herzberg, Programs in Astronomy and Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. This research has made use of the Keck Observatory Archive (KOA), which is operated by the W. M. Keck Observatory and the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI), under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Based on analysis carried out with the CASSIS software and JPL spectroscopic database. CASSIS has been developed by IRAP-UPS/CNRS (http://cassis.irap.omp.eu). This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00014.SV, 2013.1.00047.S, 2012.1.00524.S, 2013.1.00156.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. NR 120 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 592 AR A42 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628664 PG 90 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DX9NO UT WOS:000384722600149 ER PT J AU Mancuso, S Raymond, JC Rubinetti, S Taricco, C AF Mancuso, S. Raymond, J. C. Rubinetti, S. Taricco, C. TI O VI 1032 angstrom intensity and Doppler shift oscillations above a coronal hole: Magnetosonic waves or quasi-periodic upflows? SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; Sun: oscillations; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ID SLOW MAGNETOACOUSTIC WAVES; POLAR PLUMES; SOLAR-WIND; SPECTROMETER; SIGNATURE; SIGNALS AB On 1996 December 19, the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) conducted a special high-cadence sit-and-stare observation in the O VI 1032 angstrom spectral line above a polar coronal hole at a heliocentric distance of 1.38 R-circle dot. The similar to 9-h dataset was analyzed by applying advanced spectral techniques to investigate the possible presence of propagating waves. Highly significant oscillations in O VI intensity (P = 19 : 5 min) and Doppler shift (P = 7 : 2 min) were detected over two different portions of the UVCS entrance slit. A cross-correlation analysis between the O VI intensity and Doppler shift fluctuations shows that the most powerful oscillations were in phase or anti-phase over the same portions of the slit, thus providing a possible signature of propagating magnetosonic waves. The episodic nature of the observed oscillations and the large amplitudes of the Doppler shift fluctuations detected in our observations, if not attributable to line-of-sight effects or inefficient damping, may indicate that the observed fluctuations were produced by quasi-periodic upflows. C1 [Mancuso, S.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Raymond, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 50, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rubinetti, S.; Taricco, C.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy. RP Mancuso, S (reprint author), Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. EM mancuso@oato.inaf.it FU National Science Foundation FX We are grateful to the anonymous referee for the suggestions that led to a substantial improvement of the manuscript. The UVCS is the result of a collaborative effort between NASA and ASI, with a Swiss participation. Mk3 data are courtesy of the MLSO, operated by the HAO, as part of the NCAR, supported by the National Science Foundation. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 592 AR L8 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628769 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DX9NO UT WOS:000384722600158 ER PT J AU Tholken, S Lovisari, L Reiprich, TH Hasenbusch, J AF Thoelken, Sophia Lovisari, Lorenzo Reiprich, Thomas H. Hasenbusch, Jan TI X-ray analysis of the galaxy group UGC 03957 beyond R-200 with Suzaku SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: groups: general; galaxies: groups: individual: UGC 03957; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID GAS MASS FRACTION; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; VIRIAL RADIUS; SCALING RELATIONS; AGN FEEDBACK; FOSSIL GROUP; XMM-NEWTON; METALLICITY DISTRIBUTION; TEMPERATURE RELATION; CHEMICAL ENRICHMENT AB Context. In the last few years, the outskirts of galaxy clusters have been studied in detail and the analyses have brought up interesting results such as indications of possible gas clumping and the breakdown of hydrostatic, thermal, and ionization equilibrium. These phenomena affect the entropy profiles of clusters, which often show deviations from the self-similar prediction around R-200. However, significant uncertainties remain for groups of galaxies. In particular the question, of whether entropy profiles are similar to those of galaxy clusters. Aims. We investigated the gas properties of the galaxy group UGC 03957 up to 1.4 R-200 approximate to 1.4 Mpc in four azimuthal directions with the Suzaku satellite. We checked for azimuthal symmetry and obtained temperature, entropy, density, and gas mass profiles. Previous studies point to deviations from equilibrium states at the outskirts of groups and clusters and so we studied the hydrodynamical status of the gas at these large radii. Methods. We performed a spectral analysis of five Suzaku observations of UGC 03957 with similar to 138 ks good exposure time in total and five Chandra snapshot observations for point source detection. We investigated systematic effects such as point spread function and uncertainties in the different background components, and performed a deprojection of the density and temperature profile. Results. We found a temperature drop of a factor of similar to 3 from the center to the outskirts that is consistent with previous results for galaxy clusters. The metal abundance profile shows a flat behavior towards large radii, which is a hint for galactic winds as the primary ICM enrichment process. The entropy profile is consistent with numerical simulations after applying a gas mass fraction correction. Feedback processes and AGN activity might be one explanation for entropy modification, imprinting out to larger radii in galaxy groups than in galaxy clusters. Previous analyses for clusters and groups often showed an entropy flattening or even a drop around similar to R-200 , which can be an indication of clumping or non-equilibrium states in the outskirts. Such entropy behavior is absent in UGC 03957. The gas mass fraction is well below the cosmic mean but rises above this value beyond R200, which could be a hint for deviations from hydrostatic equilibrium at these large radii. By measuring the abundance of the alpha-elements Si and S at intermediate radii we determined the relative number of different supernovae types and found that the abundance pattern can be described by a relative contribution of 80% 100% of core-collapse supernovae. This result is in agreement with previous measurements for galaxy groups. C1 [Thoelken, Sophia; Lovisari, Lorenzo; Reiprich, Thomas H.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Lovisari, Lorenzo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hasenbusch, Jan] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. RP Tholken, S (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. EM thoelken@astro.uni-born.de FU DFG [RE 1462/6, LO 2009/1-1, TRR33, RE 1462/5]; DFG through Transregional Collaborative Research Centre TRR33 "The Dark Universe"; Bonn-Cologne Graduate School of Physics and Astronomy; [TRR 33] FX We would like to thank Gerrit Schellenberger, Brenda Selene Miranda Ocejo, Bharadwaj Vijaysarathy, Hiroki Akamatsu, Sandra Martin, and Dominik Klaes for fruitful discussions and helpful support. We also thank the anonymous referee for the helpful comments. S.T. acknowledges support from the DFG through grant RE 1462/6 and Transregional Collaborative Research Centre TRR33 "The Dark Universe" and the Bonn-Cologne Graduate School of Physics and Astronomy. L.L. acknowledges support by the DFG through grant LO 2009/1-1 and TRR33. T.H.R. acknowledges support from the DFG through Heisenberg grant RE 1462/5 and grant RE 1462/6, and from TRR 33. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 592 AR A37 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527608 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DX9NO UT WOS:000384722600046 ER PT J AU Soon, W Herrera, VMV Selvaraj, K Traversi, R Usoskin, I Chen, CTA Lou, JY Kao, SJ Carter, RM Pipin, V Seven, M Becagli, S AF Soon, Willie Velasco Herrera, Victor M. Selvaraj, Kandasamy Traversi, Rita Usoskin, Ilya Chen, Chen-Tung Arthur Lou, Jiann-Yuh Kao, Shuh-Ji Carter, Robert M. Pipin, Valery Seven, Mirko Becagli, Silvia TI A review of Holocene solar-linked climatic variation on centennial to millennial timescales: Physical processes, interpretative frameworks and a new multiple cross-wavelet transform algorithm (vol 134, pg 1, 2014) SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Correction C1 [Soon, Willie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Velasco Herrera, Victor M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geofis, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Selvaraj, Kandasamy; Kao, Shuh-Ji] Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen, Peoples R China. [Traversi, Rita; Seven, Mirko; Becagli, Silvia] Univ Florence, Dept Chem Ugo Schiff, I-50019 Florence, Italy. [Usoskin, Ilya] Univ Oulu, Sodankyla Geophys Observ, Oulu 90014, Finland. [Usoskin, Ilya] Univ Oulu, Dept Phys, Oulu 90014, Finland. [Chen, Chen-Tung Arthur] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Marine Geol & Chem, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Lou, Jiann-Yuh] Naval Acad, Dept Marine Sci, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Carter, Robert M.] Inst Publ Affairs, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Pipin, Valery] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solar Terr Phys, Irkutsk 664033, Russia. RP Soon, W (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM wsoon@cfa.harvard.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-8252 EI 1872-6828 J9 EARTH-SCI REV JI Earth-Sci. Rev. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 159 BP 462 EP 462 DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.05.008 PG 1 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DZ9HT UT WOS:000386186600024 ER PT J AU Tomczyk, S Landi, E Burkepile, JT Casini, R DeLuca, EE Fan, Y Gibson, SE Lin, H McIntosh, SW Solomon, SC de Toma, G de Wijn, AG Zhang, J AF Tomczyk, S. Landi, E. Burkepile, J. T. Casini, R. DeLuca, E. E. Fan, Y. Gibson, S. E. Lin, H. McIntosh, S. W. Solomon, S. C. de Toma, G. de Wijn, A. G. Zhang, J. TI Scientific objectives and capabilities of the Coronal Solar Magnetism Observatory SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FULL STOKES ANALYSIS; MASS EJECTIONS; ACTIVE-REGION; VECTOR TOMOGRAPHY; SPACE WEATHER; QUIESCENT PROMINENCES; RADIO OBSERVATIONS; TRANSITION REGION; FARADAY-ROTATION; ALFVENIC WAVES AB Magnetic influences increase in importance in the solar atmosphere from the photosphere out into the corona, yet our ability to routinely measure magnetic fields in the outer solar atmosphere is lacking. We describe the scientific objectives and capabilities of the COronal Solar Magnetism Observatory (COSMO), a proposed synoptic facility designed to measure magnetic fields and plasma properties in the large-scale solar atmosphere. COSMO comprises a suite of three instruments chosen to enable the study of the solar atmosphere as a coupled system: (1) a coronagraph with a 1.5m aperture to measure the magnetic field, temperature, density, and dynamics of the corona; (2) an instrument for diagnostics of chromospheric and prominence magnetic fields and plasma properties; and (3) a white light K-coronagraph to measure the density structure and dynamics of the corona and coronal mass ejections. COSMO will provide a unique combination of magnetic field, density, temperature, and velocity observations in the corona and chromosphere that have the potential to transform our understanding of fundamental physical processes in the solar atmosphere and their role in the origins of solar variability and space weather. C1 [Tomczyk, S.; Burkepile, J. T.; Casini, R.; Fan, Y.; Gibson, S. E.; McIntosh, S. W.; Solomon, S. C.; de Toma, G.; de Wijn, A. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Landi, E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [DeLuca, E. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lin, H.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Zhang, J.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Tomczyk, S (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Pob 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM tomczyk@ucar.edu RI Solomon, Stanley/J-4847-2012 OI Solomon, Stanley/0000-0002-5291-3034 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) through NCAR strategic initiative process; NCAR; Air Force Office of Space Research [FA9550-15-1-0030]; NSF [AGS-1408789]; Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics and Technology; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through the NCAR strategic initiative process, the NCAR directors reserve, and base funding to HAO. The authors thank two anonymous referees, R. Morton, and JGR Editors Yuming Wang and Mike Liemohn for thoughtful feedback on the manuscript. S.E.G. thanks K.D. Leka for useful discussions and acknowledges support from the Air Force Office of Space Research, FA9550-15-1-0030. E.L. and S.T. acknowledge support from NSF grant AGS-1408789. Key elements of the COSMO LC design were provided by Zhen Wu and Haiying Zhang with support from the Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics and Technology. The authors would like to acknowledge HAO engineers Gregory L. Card, David F. Elmore, Dennis Gallagher, Rob Graves, Don Kolinski, Brandon Larson, Alice Lecinski, Peter G. Nelson, Philip Oakley, Scott Sewell, Rich Summers, and Lee Sutherland for their dedicated work in developing the COSMO instruments and the machine shop facility at NCAR for fabrication. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Data and supporting materials can be found at http://www2.hao.ucar.edu/cosmo. NR 119 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 121 IS 8 BP 7470 EP 7487 DI 10.1002/2016JA022871 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DZ4EQ UT WOS:000385811500012 ER PT J AU Simon, SST Gibling, MR DiMichele, WA Chaney, DS Looy, CV Tabor, NJ AF Simon, Sharane S. T. Gibling, Martin R. DiMichele, William A. Chaney, Dan S. Looy, Cindy V. Tabor, Neil J. TI AN ABANDONED-CHANNEL FILL WITH EXQUISITELY PRESERVED PLANTS IN REDBEDS OF THE CLEAR FORK FORMATION, TEXAS, USA: AN EARLY PERMIAN WATER-DEPENDENT HABITAT ON THE ARID PLAINS OF PANGEA SO JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NORTH-CENTRAL TEXAS; SEED PLANT; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; ECOSPACE UTILIZATION; SEDIMENTATION-RATES; SASKATCHEWAN RIVER; FLUVIAL DEPOSITION; ANASTOMOSING RIVER; ALLUVIAL SEQUENCES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA AB A well preserved plant assemblage at the Colwell Creek Pond locality of Leonardian (Kungurian) age provides an opportunity to evaluate taphonomic conditions in a dryland alluvial setting. A narrow channel body incised to 5 m depth through red paleo-Vertisols contains 2 m of varicolored laminated mudstone with graded layers and plant material. X-ray diffraction analysis of individual laminae indicates the presence of chlorite, illite, kaolinite, and mixed-layer clay, with hematite in red and gray layers and goethite in yellow-brown laminae. No carbonate was identified, and the total organic carbon content is minimal. The fine sediment accumulated in a shallow abandoned channel from suspension and gentle underflows, probably linked to seasonal inflow, and analysis of lamina thickness suggests that standing water may have persisted for up to a few millennia. The preservation of lamination is attributed to a lack of bioturbation, possibly linked to a paucity of subsurface oxygen, low productivity, elevated salinity, rapid deposition, or a combination of these factors; minimal bioturbation may also reflect the limited use of freshwater ecospace during the Early Permian. Clay-rich paleo-Vertisols complete the fill, with drab root traces that indicate growth of vegetation in a strongly seasonal setting. Abundant plant material in the laminated beds includes branches of walchian conifers, the possible cycadophyte Taeniopteris spp., and the comioid, possible peltasperm, Auritifolia waggoneri. They were derived from an adjacent riparian zone and preserved as 3D goethite petrifactions. Much of the foliage shows evidence of arthropod herbivory. Although a humid climatic episode cannot be ruled out, the exceptional abundance and preservation of the plants probably reflects the persistence of an oxbow lake on a relatively arid alluvial plain, where riparian plants experienced periodic moisture stress but had access to groundwater nearly year round. Rapid burial in standing water, the lack of bioturbation in the laminated sediments, and early biomineralization probably explain the exceptional preservation of the plant remains. C1 [Simon, Sharane S. T.; Gibling, Martin R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [DiMichele, William A.; Chaney, Dan S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Looy, Cindy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Looy, Cindy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Paleontol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tabor, Neil J.] Southern Methodist Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. RP Simon, SST (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM sharane.simon@dal.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Smithsonian Institution FX We thank A.B. Wharton and G. Willingham of the W.T. Waggoner Estate, Vernon, Texas, for property access to the Colwell Creek Pond site. Polished thin sections were prepared at Dalhousie University by Gordon Brown. We thank David Piper, Owen Brown, Lori Campbell, and Jenna Higgins at Bedford Institute of Oceanography for assistance with X-ray diffraction and total-carbon analyses. We thank Georgia Pe-Piper and Xiang Yang at Saint Mary's University for their guidance with the analysis and interpretation of the SEM data. Constructive and helpful reviews of the manuscript were provided by Steven Driese, Anne Raymond, John Southard, and Associate Editors Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch and Gary Weissmann. Research was funded by a Discovery Grant assigned to Martin Gibling from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and by various grants from the Smithsonian Institution to W.A. DiMichele. NR 155 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY PI TULSA PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA SN 1527-1404 EI 1938-3681 J9 J SEDIMENT RES JI J. Sediment. Res. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 86 IS 8 BP 944 EP 964 DI 10.2110/jsr.2016.60 PG 21 WC Geology SC Geology GA DY3XG UT WOS:000385030500007 ER PT J AU Steffen, W Leinfelder, R Zalasiewicz, J Waters, CN Williams, M Summerhayes, C Barnosky, AD Cearreta, A Crutzen, P Edgeworth, M Ellis, EC Fairchild, IJ Galuszka, A Grinevald, J Haywood, A do Sul, JI Jeandel, C McNeill, JR Odada, E Oreskes, N Revkin, A Richter, DD Syvitski, J Vidas, D Wagreich, M Wing, SL Wolfe, AP Schellnhuber, HJ AF Steffen, Will Leinfelder, Reinhold Zalasiewicz, Jan Waters, Colin N. Williams, Mark Summerhayes, Colin Barnosky, Anthony D. Cearreta, Alejandro Crutzen, Paul Edgeworth, Matt Ellis, Erle C. Fairchild, Ian J. Galuszka, Agnieszka Grinevald, Jacques Haywood, Alan do Sul, Juliana Ivar Jeandel, Catherine McNeill, J. R. Odada, Eric Oreskes, Naomi Revkin, Andrew Richter, Daniel de B. Syvitski, James Vidas, Davor Wagreich, Michael Wing, Scott L. Wolfe, Alexander P. Schellnhuber, H. J. TI Stratigraphic and Earth System approaches to defining the Anthropocene SO EARTHS FUTURE LA English DT Review ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM; EARLY CENOZOIC CLIMATE; ANTARCTIC ICE-SHEET; TIPPING ELEMENTS; PHANEROZOIC TIME; MASS EXTINCTION; REGIME SHIFTS; SEA-LEVEL; CO2 AB Stratigraphy provides insights into the evolution and dynamics of the Earth System over its long history. With recent developments in Earth System science, changes in Earth System dynamics can now be observed directly and projected into the near future. An integration of the two approaches provides powerful insights into the nature and significance of contemporary changes to Earth. From both perspectives, the Earth has been pushed out of the Holocene Epoch by human activities, with the mid-20th century a strong candidate for the start date of the Anthropocene, the proposed new epoch in Earth history. Here we explore two contrasting scenarios for the future of the Anthropocene, recognizing that the Earth System has already undergone a substantial transition away from the Holocene state. A rapid shift of societies toward the UN Sustainable Development Goals could stabilize the Earth System in a state with more intense interglacial conditions than in the late Quaternary climate regime and with little further biospheric change. In contrast, a continuation of the present Anthropocene trajectory of growing human pressures will likely lead to biotic impoverishment and a much warmer climate with a significant loss of polar ice. C1 [Steffen, Will] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Acton, Australia. [Steffen, Will] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Leinfelder, Reinhold] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Geol Sci, Berlin, Germany. [Zalasiewicz, Jan; Williams, Mark] Univ Leicester, Dept Geol, Leicester, Leics, England. [Waters, Colin N.] British Geol Survey, Nottingham, England. [Summerhayes, Colin] Univ Cambridge, Scott Polar Res Inst, Cambridge, England. [Barnosky, Anthony D.] Stanford Univ, Jasper Ridge Biol Preserve, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cearreta, Alejandro] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Fac Ciencia & Tecnol, Dept Estratig & Paleontol, Bilbao, Spain. [Crutzen, Paul] Max Planck Inst Chem, Dept Atmospher Chem, Mainz, Germany. [Edgeworth, Matt] Univ Leicester, Sch Archaeol & Ancient Hist, Leicester, Leics, England. [Ellis, Erle C.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Geog & Environm Syst, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fairchild, Ian J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Galuszka, Agnieszka] Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Chem, Geochem & Environm Div, Kielce, Poland. [Grinevald, Jacques] Inst Hautes Etud Int & Dev, Geneva, Switzerland. [Haywood, Alan] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [do Sul, Juliana Ivar] Fed Univ Rio Grande, Inst Oceanog, Rio Grande, Brazil. [Jeandel, Catherine] CNRS, Ctr Natl Etud Spatiales, Inst Rech Dev, Lab Etud Geophys & Oceanog Spatiales, Toulouse, France. [McNeill, J. R.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Hist, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Odada, Eric] Univ Nairobi, Dept Geol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Oreskes, Naomi] Harvard Univ, Dept Hist Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Revkin, Andrew] Pace Univ, Dyson Coll Inst Sustainabil & Environm, Pleasantville, NY USA. [Richter, Daniel de B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Syvitski, James] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Vidas, Davor] Fridtjof Nansen Inst Polhogda, Marine Affairs & Law Sea Programme, Lysaker, Norway. [Wagreich, Michael] Univ Vienna, Dept Geodynam & Sedimentol, Vienna, Austria. [Wing, Scott L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wolfe, Alexander P.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Schellnhuber, H. J.] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany. RP Steffen, W (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Acton, Australia.; Steffen, W (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. EM will.steffen@anu.edu.au RI Galuszka, Agnieszka/D-5434-2011; Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim/B-2607-2012; OI Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim/0000-0001-7453-4935; Cearreta, Alejandro/0000-0003-0100-1454 NR 191 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 38 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2328-4277 J9 EARTHS FUTURE JI Earth Future PD AUG PY 2016 VL 4 IS 8 BP 324 EP 345 DI 10.1002/2016EF000379 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DX8GH UT WOS:000384625600001 ER PT J AU Gratwicke, B Ross, H Batista, A Chaves, G Crawford, AJ Elizondo, L Estrada, A Evans, M Garelle, D Guerrel, J Hertz, A Hughey, M Jaramillo, CA Klocke, B Mandica, M Medina, D Richards-Zawacki, CL Ryan, MJ Sosa-Bartuano, A Voyles, J Walker, B Woodhams, DC Ibanez, R AF Gratwicke, B. Ross, H. Batista, A. Chaves, G. Crawford, A. J. Elizondo, L. Estrada, A. Evans, M. Garelle, D. Guerrel, J. Hertz, A. Hughey, M. Jaramillo, C. A. Klocke, B. Mandica, M. Medina, D. Richards-Zawacki, C. L. Ryan, M. J. Sosa-Bartuano, A. Voyles, J. Walker, B. Woodhams, D. C. Ibanez, R. TI Evaluating the probability of avoiding disease-related extinctions of Panamanian amphibians through captive breeding programs SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE extinction probability; Panama; amphibian; chytridiomycosis; ex situ conservation; captive breeding; expert survey; disease ID COSTA-RICA; CONSERVATION PRIORITIES; POPULATION DECLINES; CHYTRID FUNGUS; FROGS; ANURA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CRAUGASTORIDAE; DENDROBATIDIS; REDISCOVERY AB Amphibians around the world are declining from threats that cannot currently be mitigated, making it impossible to safeguard some species in their natural habitats. Amphibians in the mountainous neotropics are one example where severe disease-related declines prompted calls for the establishment of captive assurance colonies to avoid extinctions. We surveyed experts in Panamanian amphibians to determine the probability of avoiding chytridiomycosis-related extinctions using captive breeding programs. We ranked Panamanian amphibian species by perceived susceptibility to chytridiomycosis, then calculated the likelihood of avoiding extinction as the product of three probabilities, which include (1) finding sufficient founder animals, (2) successfully breeding these species in captivity and (3) becoming extinct in the wild. The likelihood of finding enough animals to create a captive founding population was low for many rare species, especially for salamanders and caecilians. It was also low for frogs which were once regularly encountered, but have already disappeared including Atelopus chiriquiensis, Craugastor emcelae, C. obesus, C. punctariolus, C. rhyacobatrachus, Ecnomiohyla rabborum, Isthmohyla calypsa and Oophaga speciosa. Our results indicate that captive breeding could improve the odds of avoiding extinction for species that have severely declined or are likely to decline due to chytridiomycosis including Atelopus certus, A. glyphus, A. limosus, A. varius, A. zeteki, Anotheca spinosa, Gastrotheca cornuta, Agalychnis lemur and Hemiphractus fasciatus. Priority species that experts predicted were highly susceptible to chytridiomycosis that might also benefit from ex situ management include Craugastor tabasarae, C. azueroensis, C. evanesco, Strabomantis bufoniformis and Colostethus panamansis. In spite of high levels of uncertainty, this expert assessment approach allowed us to refine our priorities for captive amphibian programs in Panama and identify priority conservation actions with a clearer understanding of the probability of success. C1 [Gratwicke, B.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk,POB 37012,MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ross, H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama Amphibian Rescue & Conservat Project, El Valle Amphibian Conservat Ctr, Panama City, Panama. [Batista, A.; Hertz, A.] Senckenberg Forschungsinst, Frankfurt, Germany. [Batista, A.; Hertz, A.] Nat Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. [Chaves, G.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Crawford, A. J.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota, Colombia. [Crawford, A. J.; Jaramillo, C. A.; Richards-Zawacki, C. L.; Woodhams, D. C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Crawford, A. J.; Jaramillo, C. A.; Ibanez, R.] Circulo Herpetol Panama, Panama City, Panama. [Elizondo, L.] Univ Panama, Programa Maestria Ciencias Biol, Panama City, Panama. [Estrada, A.; Hughey, M.; Medina, D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Evans, M.] Reptile Discovery Ctr, Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA. [Garelle, D.] Cheyenne Mt Zoo, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Guerrel, J.; Ibanez, R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama Amphibian Rescue & Conservat Project, Panama City, Panama. [Hertz, A.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Ecol Evolut & Divers, Biol, Frankfurt, Germany. [Jaramillo, C. A.] Univ Panama, Dept Histol & Neuroanat Humana, Fac Med, Panama City, Panama. [Jaramillo, C. A.; Walker, B.] Biodivers Consultant Grp, Panama City, Panama. [Klocke, B.] George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Mandica, M.] Atlanta Bot Garden, Dept Res & Conservat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Richards-Zawacki, C. L.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Ryan, M. J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ryan, M. J.] Univ New Mexico, Museum Southwestern Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sosa-Bartuano, A.] Soc Mastozool Panama, Panama City, Panama. [Voyles, J.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Woodhams, D. C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Ibanez, R.] Univ Panama, Dept Zool, Panama City, Panama. RP Gratwicke, B (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk,POB 37012,MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM gratwickeb@si.edu FU Minera Panama; Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria; USAID FX We thank Ron Gagliardo for sharing information on captive breeding efforts, David Wildt and two anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments on this manuscript. The PARC project is a partnership between the Houston Zoo, the Zoo New England, the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo, the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Grants from Minera Panama, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria and USAID supported the contributions of PARC employees BG, HR, JG and RI. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 33 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 19 IS 4 BP 324 EP 336 DI 10.1111/acv.12249 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DT0YH UT WOS:000381208400005 ER PT J AU Rombke, J Aira, M Backeljau, T Breugelmans, K Dominguez, J Funke, E Graf, N Hajibabaei, M Perez-Losada, M Porto, PG Schmelz, RM Vierna, J Vizcaino, A Pfenninger, M AF Roembke, Joerg Aira, Manuel Backeljau, Thierry Breugelmans, Karin Dominguez, Jorge Funke, Elisabeth Graf, Nadin Hajibabaei, Mehrdad Perez-Losada, Marcos Porto, Pablo G. Schmelz, Ruediger M. Vierna, Joaquin Vizcaino, Anton Pfenninger, Markus TI DNA barcoding of earthworms (Eisenia fetida/andrei complex) from 28 ecotoxicological test laboratories SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Earthworm Ecology (ISEE) CY JUN, 2014 CL Athens, GA DE Test species; Quality assurance; Standard tests; Ring test; Cryptic species ID SPECIES DELIMITATION; 1972 OLIGOCHAETA; FOETIDA SAVIGNY; ANDREI BOUCHE; LUMBRICIDAE; TAXONOMY; MITOCHONDRIAL AB Plenty of evidence indicates that the earthworms Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) and Eisenia andrei Bouche 1972 (Lumbricidae) can be distinguished by morphological, physiological and molecular traits. However, the morphological differences alone do not allow to correctly identify these taxa. This may be a serious problem for the reliability of the standard ecotoxicological tests for which these worms are used. Recently, DNA barcoding (i.e., sequencing of a standard mtDNA COI gene fragment for identification purposes) has been proposed as a quick and simple method to identify species, including earthworms. In order to assess the practicability and reliability of this method, an international ring test was organized by the "Eisenia barcoding Initiative (EBI)", a group of scientists from four public institutions and two contract laboratories. Coded samples of E. fetida, E. andrei, and Eisenia sp. were provided by 28 ecotoxicological laboratories from 15 countries on four continents. Five laboratories in Belgium, Canada, Germany, and Spain identified the specimen through DNA barcoding. All steps of the sample preparation were described by Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). The COI sequences (581 bp) obtained were used to construct a neighbor-joining tree based on the uncorrected pairwise p-distance. This analysis revealed three distinct haplotype clusters: one including only E. andrei sequences (mean within-group p-distance 0.026 +/- 0.002) and two with only E. fetida sequences, referred to as E. fetida 1 and E. fetida 2. Each of the latter two in fact represented one single haplotype. The mean p-distance between E. fetida 1 and E. fetida 2 was 0.112, whereas the mean p-distances between these two taxa and E. andrei were 0.142 and 0.143, respectively. Such COI divergence levels are usually indicative of species level differentiation. Hence it is hypothesized that E. fetida 1 and E. fetida 2 refer to different cryptic species. Since the attribution of the individual worms to these three clusters was completely consistent among the five DNA barcoding laboratories the good applicability of DNA barcoding for the identification of these ecotoxicological test species is proven. Remarkably, specimens of the molecular E. fetida clusters were always identified morphologically as E. fetida. However, this was not true the other way round, i.e., some specimens of the molecular E. andrei cluster were identified morphologically as E. fetida. The results of this ring test are presented to standardization organizations (OECD, ISO) in order to improve the standardization and thus quality of ecotoxicological routine testing by using DNA barcoding. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Graf, Nadin; Schmelz, Ruediger M.] ECT Oekotoxikol GmbH, Boettgerstr 2-14, D-65439 Florsheim am Main, Germany. [Funke, Elisabeth; Pfenninger, Markus] Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr BiK F, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Aira, Manuel; Dominguez, Jorge; Porto, Pablo G.] Univ Vigo, Dept Ecoloxia & Bioloxia Anim, E-36310 Vigo, Spain. [Backeljau, Thierry; Breugelmans, Karin] Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci JEMU & BeBoL, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Backeljau, Thierry; Breugelmans, Karin] Univ Antwerp, Evolutionary Ecol Grp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Vierna, Joaquin; Vizcaino, Anton] AllGenetics, Ed Serv Cent Invest, Campus Elvina S-N, E-15071 La Coruna, Spain. [Hajibabaei, Mehrdad] Univ Guelph, Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Perez-Losada, Marcos] Univ Porto, CIBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, InBio Lab Assoc, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Perez-Losada, Marcos] George Washington Univ, Computat Biol Inst, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA. [Perez-Losada, Marcos] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Rombke, J (reprint author), ECT Oekotoxikol GmbH, Boettgerstr 2-14, D-65439 Florsheim am Main, Germany. EM j-roembke@ect.de OI Rombke, Jorg/0000-0003-1341-634X; Aira, Manuel/0000-0002-2513-4609; Dominguez, Jorge/0000-0002-4313-8582 NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 EI 1873-0272 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 104 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.02.010 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DX2XT UT WOS:000384237600002 ER PT J AU Collin, R Chan, KYK AF Collin, Rachel Chan, Kit Yu Karen TI The sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus lives close to the upper thermal limit for early development in a tropical lagoon SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Caribbean; global warming; pluteus; safety factor; seagrass; upper thermal limit ID BOCAS-DEL-TORO; SUBTROPICAL SEAGRASS MEADOWS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MARINE-INVERTEBRATES; GENUS PETROLISTHES; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; PORCELAIN CRABS; FLORIDA BAY; TEMPERATURE AB Thermal tolerance shapes organisms' physiological performance and limits their biogeographic ranges. Tropical terrestrial organisms are thought to live very near their upper thermal tolerance limits, and such small thermal safety factors put them at risk from global warming. However, little is known about the thermal tolerances of tropical marine invertebrates, how they vary across different life stages, and how these limits relate to environmental conditions. We tested the tolerance to acute heat stress of five life stages of the tropical sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus collected in the Bahia Almirante, Bocas del Toro, Panama. We also investigated the impact of chronic heat stress on larval development. Fertilization, cleavage, morula development, and 4-armed larvae tolerated 2-h exposures to elevated temperatures between 28-32 degrees C. Average critical temperatures (LT50) were lower for initiation of cleavage (33.5 degrees C) and development to morula (32.5 degrees C) than they were for fertilization (34.4 degrees C) or for 4-armed larvae (34.1 degrees C). LT50 was even higher (34.8 degrees C) for adults exposed to similar acute thermal stress, suggesting that thermal limits measured for adults may not be directly applied to the whole life history. During chronic exposure, larvae had significantly lower survival and reduced growth when reared at temperatures above 30.5 degrees C and did not survive chronic exposures at or above 32.3 degrees C. Environmental monitoring at and near our collection site shows that L. variegatus may already experience temperatures at which larval growth and survival are reduced during the warmest months of the year. A published local climate model further suggests that such damaging warm temperatures will be reached throughout the Bahia Almirante by 2084. Our results highlight that tropical marine invertebrates likely have small thermal safety factors during some stages in their life cycles, and that shallow-water populations are at particular risk of near future warming. C1 [Collin, Rachel] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa Ancon, Panama. [Chan, Kit Yu Karen] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Div Life Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Collin, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa Ancon, Panama. EM collinr@si.edu OI Chan, Kit Yu Karen/0000-0002-7775-4383 FU Croucher Foundation; Hong Kong Research Grant Council; Smithsonian Institution FX Croucher Foundation, Hong Kong Research Grant Council, Smithsonian Institution. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 6 IS 16 BP 5623 EP 5634 DI 10.1002/ece3.2317 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT6FF UT WOS:000381578400006 PM 27547342 ER PT J AU Stange, M Aguirre-Fernandez, G Cooke, RG Barros, T Salzburger, W Sanchez-Villagra, MR AF Stange, Madlen Aguirre-Fernandez, Gabriel Cooke, Richard G. Barros, Tito Salzburger, Walter Sanchez-Villagra, Marcelo R. TI Evolution of opercle bone shape along a macrohabitat gradient: species identification using mtDNA and geometric morphometric analyses in neotropical sea catfishes (Ariidae) SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Geometric morphometrics; macrohabitat transition; mitochondrial DNA; Siluriformes systematics; taxonomy ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; THREESPINE STICKLEBACKS; SILURIFORMES; DIVERSIFICATION; MARINE; BIOGEOGRAPHY; TRANSITIONS; TELEOSTEI; MITOCHONDRIAL AB Transitions between the marine and freshwater macrohabitat have occurred repeatedly in the evolution of teleost fishes. For example, ariid catfishes have moved from freshwater to marine environments, and vice versa. Opercles, a skeletal feature that has been shown to change during such transitions, were subjected to 2D geometric morphometric analyses in order to investigate evolutionary shape changes during habitat transition in ariid catfishes and to test the influence of habitat on shape changes. A mtDNA marker, which proved useful in previous studies, was used to verify species identities. It greatly improved the assignment of specimens to a species, which are difficult to assign by morphology alone. The application of a mtDNA marker confirmed the occurrence of Notarius biffi in Central America, South of El Salvador. Molecular identification together with principal component analysis (PCA) and further morphological inspection of neurocrania indicated the existence of a cryptic species within Bagre pinnimaculatus. Principal component (PC) scores of individual specimens clustered in morphospace by genus rather than by habitat. Strong phylogenetic structure was detected using a permutation test of PC scores of species means on a phylogenetic tree. Calculation of Pagel's lambda suggested that opercle shape evolved according to a Brownian model of evolution. Yet canonical variate analysis (CVA) conducted on the habitat groups showed significant differences in opercle shapes among freshwater and marine species. Overall, opercle shape in tropical American Ariidae appears to be phylogenetically constrained. This verifies the application of opercle shape as a taxonomic tool for species identification in fossil ariid catfishes. At the same time, adaptation to freshwater habitats shows characteristic opercle shape trajectories in ariid catfishes, which might be used to detect habitat preferences in fossils. C1 [Stange, Madlen; Aguirre-Fernandez, Gabriel; Sanchez-Villagra, Marcelo R.] Univ Zurich, Palaeontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Stange, Madlen; Salzburger, Walter] Univ Basel, Inst Zool, Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland. [Cooke, Richard G.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, MRC 0580-08,Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Barros, Tito] La Univ Zulia, Museo Biol, Fac Expt Ciencias, Apartado Postal 526, Maracaibo 4011, Estado Zulia, Venezuela. RP Stange, M; Sanchez-Villagra, MR (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Palaeontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. EM madlen.stange@pim.uzh.ch; m.sanchez@pim.uzh.ch OI Aguirre Fernandez, Gabriel/0000-0002-9964-1646 FU Forschungskredit of the University of Zurich [FK-15-092]; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Forderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung [CRSII3-136293] FX Forschungskredit of the University of Zurich, (Grant/Award Number: "FK-15-092") Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Forderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, (Grant/Award Number: "CRSII3-136293"). NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 6 IS 16 BP 5817 EP 5830 DI 10.1002/ece3.2334 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT6FF UT WOS:000381578400021 PM 27547357 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Terrazas, TP Martel, C Milet-Pinheiro, P Ayasse, M Kalko, EKV Tschapka, M AF Gonzalez-Terrazas, Tania P. Martel, Carlos Milet-Pinheiro, Paulo Ayasse, Manfred Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Tschapka, Marco TI Finding flowers in the dark: nectar-feeding bats integrate olfaction and echolocation while foraging for nectar SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acoustic cues; bat pollination; chiropterophily; columnar cactus; floral scent ID FRUIT-EATING BATS; CAROLLIA-PERSPICILLATA; POLLINATION BIOLOGY; FLORAL SCENT; MACROPHYLLUM-MACROPHYLLUM; BEHAVIOR; PHYLLOSTOMIDAE; PLANTS; ECHOES; MEXICO AB Nectar-feeding bats depend mainly on floral nectar to fulfil their energetic requirements. Chiropterophilous flowers generally present strong floral scents and provide conspicuous acoustic echoes to attract bats. While floral scents are assumed to attract bats over long distances, acoustic properties of flower structures may provide detailed information, thus supporting the localization of a flower at close ranges. So far, to our knowledge, there is no study trying to understand the relative importance as well as the combination of these generally coupled cues for detection (presence) and localization (exact position) of open flowers in nature. For a better comprehension of the significance of olfaction and echolocation in the foraging behaviour of nectar-feeding bats, we conducted two-choice experiments with Leptonycteris yerbabuenae. We tested the bats' behaviour in three experimental scenarios with different cues: (i) olfaction versus echolocation, (ii) echolocation versus echolocation and olfaction, and (iii) olfaction versus echolocation and olfaction. We used the floral scent of the bat-pollinated cactus Pachycereus pringlei as olfactory cue and an acrylic paraboloid as acoustic cue. Additionally, we recorded the echolocation behaviour of the bats and analysed the floral scent of P. pringlei. When decoupled cues were offered, bats displayed no preference in choice for any of the two cues. However, bats reacted first to and chose more often the coupled cues. All bats echolocated continuously and broadcast a long terminal group before a successful visit. The floral scent bouquet of P. pringlei is composed of 20 compounds, some of which (e.g. methyl benzoate) were already reported from chiropterophilous plants. Our investigation demonstrates for the first time to our knowledge, that nectar-feeding bats integrate over different sensory modes for detection and precise localization of open flowers. The combined information from olfactory and acoustic cues allows bats to forage more efficiently. C1 [Gonzalez-Terrazas, Tania P.; Martel, Carlos; Milet-Pinheiro, Paulo; Ayasse, Manfred; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Milet-Pinheiro, Paulo] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Fundamental Chem, Recife, PE, Brazil. RP Gonzalez-Terrazas, TP (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM tania.gonzalez@uni-ulm.de FU University of Ulm; CONACYT-DAAD FX This study was supported by the University of Ulm (to M.T. and E.K.V.K) and a grant from CONACYT-DAAD (to T.P.G.-T.). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2054-5703 J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI JI R. Soc. Open Sci. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 3 IS 8 AR 160199 DI 10.1098/rsos.160199 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DX5HL UT WOS:000384411000012 PM 27853595 ER PT J AU Mason, VC Li, G Minx, P Schmitz, J Churakov, G Doronina, L Melin, AD Dominy, NJ Lim, NTL Springer, MS Wilson, RK Warren, WC Helgen, KM Murphy, WJ AF Mason, Victor C. Li, Gang Minx, Patrick Schmitz, Juergen Churakov, Gennady Doronina, Liliya Melin, Amanda D. Dominy, Nathaniel J. Lim, Norman T-L. Springer, Mark S. Wilson, Richard K. Warren, Wesley C. Helgen, Kristofer M. Murphy, William J. TI Genomic analysis reveals hidden biodiversity within colugos, the sister group to primates SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID PLACENTAL MAMMAL ANCESTOR; K-PG RADIATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; SPECIES DELIMITATION; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; SUNDA COLUGO; RAIN-FORESTS; Y-CHROMOSOME; SEQUENCE AB Colugos are among the most poorly studied mammals despite their centrality to resolving supraordinal primate relationships. Two described species of these gliding mammals are the sole living members of the order Dermoptera, distributed throughout Southeast Asia. We generated a draft genome sequence for a Sunda colugo and a Philippine colugo reference alignment, and used these to identify colugo-specific genetic changes that were enriched in sensory and musculoskeletal-related genes that likely underlie their nocturnal and gliding adaptations. Phylogenomic analysis and catalogs of rare genomic changes overwhelmingly support the contested hypothesis that colugos are the sister group to primates (Primatomorpha), to the exclusion of treeshrews. We captured similar to 140 kb of orthologous sequence data from colugo museum specimens sampled across their range and identified large genetic differences between many geographically isolated populations that may result in a >300% increase in the number of recognized colugo species. Our results identify conservation units to mitigate future losses of this enigmatic mammalian order. C1 [Mason, Victor C.; Li, Gang; Murphy, William J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, Interdisciplinary Program Genet, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Minx, Patrick; Wilson, Richard K.; Warren, Wesley C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, McDonnell Genome Inst, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Schmitz, Juergen; Churakov, Gennady; Doronina, Liliya] Univ Munster, Inst Expt Pathol ZMBE, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Churakov, Gennady] Univ Munster, Inst Evolut & Biodivers, D-48149 Munster, Germany. [Melin, Amanda D.] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Dominy, Nathaniel J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Anthropol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Dominy, Nathaniel J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Lim, Norman T-L.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Natl Inst Educ, Nat Sci & Sci Educ, Singapore 637616, Singapore. [Lim, Norman T-L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Lee Kong Chian Nat Hist Museum, Singapore 117377, Singapore. [Springer, Mark S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Helgen, Kristofer M.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Murphy, WJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, Interdisciplinary Program Genet, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.; Helgen, KM (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM helgenk@si.edu; wmurphy@cvm.tamu.edu NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 2 IS 8 AR e1600633 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600633 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DW6CP UT WOS:000383734300025 ER PT J AU O'Dea, A Lessios, HA Coates, AG Eytan, RI Restrepo-Moreno, SA Cione, AL Collins, LS de Queiroz, A Farris, DW Norris, RD Stallard, RF Woodburne, MO Aguilera, O Aubry, MP Berggren, WA Budd, AF Cozzuol, MA Coppard, SE Duque-Caro, H Finnegan, S Gasparini, GM Grossman, EL Johnson, KG Keigwin, LD Knowlton, N Leigh, EG Leonard-Pingel, JS Marko, PB Pyenson, ND Rachello-Dolmen, PG Soibelzon, E Soibelzon, L Todd, JA Vermeij, GJ Jackson, JBC AF O'Dea, Aaron Lessios, Harilaos A. Coates, Anthony G. Eytan, Ron I. Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A. Cione, Alberto L. Collins, Laurel S. de Queiroz, Alan Farris, David W. Norris, Richard D. Stallard, Robert F. Woodburne, Michael O. Aguilera, Orangel Aubry, Marie-Pierre Berggren, William A. Budd, Ann F. Cozzuol, Mario A. Coppard, Simon E. Duque-Caro, Herman Finnegan, Seth Gasparini, German M. Grossman, Ethan L. Johnson, Kenneth G. Keigwin, Lloyd D. Knowlton, Nancy Leigh, Egbert G. Leonard-Pingel, Jill S. Marko, Peter B. Pyenson, Nicholas D. Rachello-Dolmen, Paola G. Soibelzon, Esteban Soibelzon, Leopoldo Todd, Jonathan A. Vermeij, Geerat J. Jackson, Jeremy B. C. TI Formation of the Isthmus of Panama SO SCIENCE ADVANCES LA English DT Review ID CENTRAL-AMERICAN SEAWAY; TROPICAL EASTERN PACIFIC; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE GLACIATION; MARINE SPECIES FLOCK; BOCAS-DEL-TORO; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SOUTH-AMERICA; NEW-WORLD AB The formation of the Isthmus of Panama stands as one of the greatest natural events of the Cenozoic, driving profound biotic transformations on land and in the oceans. Some recent studies suggest that the Isthmus formed many millions of years earlier than the widely recognized age of approximately 3 million years ago (Ma), a result that if true would revolutionize our understanding of environmental, ecological, and evolutionary change across the Americas. To bring clarity to the question of when the Isthmus of Panama formed, we provide an exhaustive review and reanalysis of geological, paleontological, and molecular records. These independent lines of evidence converge upon a cohesive narrative of gradually emerging land and constricting seaways, with formation of the Isthmus of Panama sensu stricto around 2.8 Ma. The evidence used to support an older isthmus is inconclusive, and we caution against the uncritical acceptance of an isthmus before the Pliocene. C1 [O'Dea, Aaron; Lessios, Harilaos A.; Coates, Anthony G.; Collins, Laurel S.; de Queiroz, Alan; Stallard, Robert F.; Leigh, Egbert G.; Rachello-Dolmen, Paola G.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. [Eytan, Ron I.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77553 USA. [Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Geociencias & Medio Ambiente, Bogota, Colombia. [Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cione, Alberto L.; Gasparini, German M.; Soibelzon, Esteban; Soibelzon, Leopoldo] Museo La Plata, Div Paleontol Vertebrados, B1900FWA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Collins, Laurel S.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Collins, Laurel S.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [de Queiroz, Alan] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Farris, David W.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Norris, Richard D.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Stallard, Robert F.] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St Suite E127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Woodburne, Michael O.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Geol Sci, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Aguilera, Orangel] Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Biol, Campus Valonguinho,Outeiro Sao Joao Batista,S-N, BR-24020141 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. [Aubry, Marie-Pierre; Berggren, William A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 610 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Budd, Ann F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Cozzuol, Mario A.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, Lab Paleozool, Ave Antonio Carlos,6627, BR-31270010 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Coppard, Simon E.] Hamilton Coll, Dept Biol, 198 Coll Hill Rd, Clinton, NY 13323 USA. [Duque-Caro, Herman] Acad Colombiana Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Bogota, Colombia. [Finnegan, Seth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, 3040 Valley Life Sci Bldg 3140, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Grossman, Ethan L.; Rachello-Dolmen, Paola G.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Johnson, Kenneth G.; Todd, Jonathan A.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Earth Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Keigwin, Lloyd D.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Knowlton, Nancy] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Leonard-Pingel, Jill S.] Washington & Lee Univ, Dept Geol, 204 West Washington St, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. [Marko, Peter B.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Biol, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Vermeij, Geerat J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP O'Dea, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM odeaa@si.edu RI Stallard, Robert/H-2649-2013 OI Stallard, Robert/0000-0001-8209-7608 NR 225 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 13 U2 13 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 2375-2548 J9 SCI ADV JI Sci. Adv. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 2 IS 8 AR e1600883 DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600883 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DW6CP UT WOS:000383734300039 ER PT J AU Giussani, LM Gillespie, LJ Scataglini, MA Negritto, MA Anton, AM Soreng, RJ AF Giussani, Liliana M. Gillespie, Lynn J. Amalia Scataglini, M. Negritto, Maria A. Anton, Ana M. Soreng, Robert J. TI Breeding system diversification and evolution in American Poa supersect. Homalopoa (Poaceae: Poeae: Poinae) SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Breeding system; diclinism; dioecism; DNA; gynomonoecism; gynodioecism; molecular dating; molecular phylogeny; Poa; Homalopoa; South America; North America ID SUB-ANTARCTIC ISLANDS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CHLOROPLAST-DNA; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; RIGIDIFOLIA COMPLEX; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; NORTHERN PATAGONIA; SEQUENCE DATA; TRIBE POEAE AB Background and Aims Poa subgenus Poa supersect. Homalopoa has diversified extensively in the Americas. Over half of the species in the supersection are diclinous; most of these are from the New World, while a few are from South-East Asia. Diclinism in Homalopoa can be divided into three main types: gynomonoecism, gynodioecism and dioecism. Here the sampling of species of New World Homalopoa is expanded to date its origin and diversification in North and South America and examine the evolution and origin of the breeding system diversity. Methods A total of 124 specimens were included in the matrix, of which 89 are species of Poa supersect. Homalopoa sections Acutifoliae, Anthochloa, Brizoides, Dasypoa, Dioicopoa, Dissanthelium, Homalopoa sensu lato (s.l.), Madropoa and Tovarochloa, and the informal Punapoa group. Bayesian and parsimony analyses were conducted on the data sets based on four markers: the nuclear ribosomal internal tanscribed spacer (ITS) and external transcribed spacer (ETS), and plastid trnT-L and trnL-F. Dating analyses were performed on a reduced Poa matrix and enlarged Poaceae outgroup to utilize fossils as calibration points. A relaxed Bayesian molecular clock method was used. Key Results Hermaphroditism appears to be pleisiomorphic in the monophyletic Poa supersect. Homalopoa, which is suggested to have originated in Eurasia 8 center dot 4-4 center dot 2 million years ago (Mya). The ancestor of Poa supersect. Homalopoa radiated throughout the New World in the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene, with major lineages originating during the Pliocene to Pleistocene (5-2 Mya). Breeding systems are linked to geographic areas, showing an evolutionary pattern associated with different habitats. At least three major pathways from hermaphroditism to diclinism are inferred in New World Homalopoa: two leading to dioecism, one via gynodioecism in South America and another directly from hermaphroditism in North America, a result that needs to be checked with a broader sampling of diclinous species in North America. A third pathway leads from hermaphroditism to gynomonoecism in Andean species of South America, with strictly pistillate species evolving in the highest altitudes. Conclusions Divergence dating provides a temporal context to the evolution of breeding systems in New World Poa supersect. Homalopoa. The results are consistent with the infrageneric classification in part; monophyletic sections are confirmed, it is proposed to reclassify species of sect. Acutifoliae, Dasypoa and Homalopoa s.l. and it is acknowledged that revision of the infrageneric taxonomy of the gynomonoecious species is needed. C1 [Giussani, Liliana M.; Amalia Scataglini, M.] Inst Bot Darwin, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Gillespie, Lynn J.] Canadian Museum Nat, Res & Collect Div, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Negritto, Maria A.] Univ Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia. [Anton, Ana M.] UNC, CONICET, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal IMBIV, Cordoba, Argentina. [Soreng, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Giussani, LM (reprint author), Inst Bot Darwin, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM lgiussani@darwin.edu.ar FU Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas-Argentina [CONICET-PIP 2010-0233]; Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica-Argentina [Prestamo BID-PICT-2013-0298]; Canadian Museum of Nature FX This article is dedicated to the memory of Osvaldo Morrone, with whom I, L.M.G., had fun working and who put trust in me and encouraged me to move forward. We are grateful to Alejandro F. Zucol for suggesting fossil evidences and dates on Poaceae from South America, Francisco Rojas who collaborated with the illustrations on flower diagrams, and Diego L. Salariato for his help on dating analyses. We thank Agostina Sassone who assisted in the organization of the map. Sequences of Dissanthelium species were provided by Nancy Refulio-Rodriguez. We also thank Paul Peterson for providing material of Poa collected in South America, the Smithsonian Institution for logistics and collecting support to R.J.S., staff of the Instituto Darwinion for support with lab work, library and herbarium assistance, staff of the herbaria: BAA, CONC, CORD, K, LP, LPB, SI, US, USM, W, for the loan of and access to the studied materials, and two anonymous reviewers and the Chief Editor for comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by the 'Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas-Argentina' (CONICET-PIP 2010-0233) and the 'Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica-Argentina' (Prestamo BID-PICT-2013-0298) to L.M.G.; and the Canadian Museum of Nature research grants to L.J.G. L.M.G. thanks Hugo Cota Sanchez who allowed her to work in his laboratory to obtain DNA extraction and PCRs for several species of Poa through a Mini-PEET Awards to Enhance Transfer of Taxonomic Knowledge from the Society of Systematic Biology (SSB) to L.M.G. We appreciate Henry Connor's work on breeding systems in grasses that was of much help in elucidating the evolution of the breeding system in Poa. We are also indebted to Elisa Nicora for her work and observations on the reproductive systems of Poa species in Patagonia, Argentina. NR 133 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 EI 1095-8290 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 118 IS 2 BP 281 EP 303 DI 10.1093/aob/mcw108 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DV8HX UT WOS:000383179200015 PM 27373539 ER PT J AU Kantor, YI Harasewych, MG Puillandre, N AF Kantor, Yuri I. Harasewych, Myroslaw G. Puillandre, Nicolas TI A critical review of Antarctic Conoidea (Neogastropoda) SO MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Antarctic Convergence; bathymetric distribution; endemism; new name; new species ID SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS; GASTROPODA CONOIDEA; BELLINGSHAUSEN SEA; WEST ANTARCTICA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MOLLUSCA; DIVERSITY; GENUS; BUCCINOIDEA; SYSTEMATICS AB The Antarctic Conoidean fauna is critically reviewed based on published data and specimens in the collections of the USNM, IORAS and MNHN. Forty-two species and subspecies of the superfamily Conoidea are recorded as occurring within the Antarctic Convergence (excluding the fauna of the Kerguelen Islands) and are attributed to 14 genera and seven families. These include the new taxa: Antarctospira n. gen. (type speciesLeucosyrinx badenpowelli Dell, 1990); Drilliola antarctica n. sp.; Pleurotomella (Pleutoromella) tippetti n. sp.; Pleurotomella (Anomalotomella) petiti n. sp.; Xanthodaphne pastorinoi n. sp. Aforia watsoni is introduced as a new name for Pleurotoma (Surcula) lepta Watson, 1881, non Pleurotoma lepta Edwards, 1861. A lectotype is designated for Conorbella antarctica (Strebel, 1908). New combinations are also proposed. Antarctospira badenpowelli (Dell, 1990), n. comb. (previously assigned to Leucosyrinx); Antarctospira principalis (Thiele, 1912), n. comb. (previously assigned to Typhlomangelia); Antarctospira mawsoni (Powell, 1958), n. comb. (previously assigned to Leucosyrinx); Typhlodaphne paratenoceras (Powell, 1951), n. comb. (previously assigned to Leucosyrinx); Belalora weirichi (Engl, 2008), n. comb. (previously assigned to Oenopota); Pleurotomella (Anomalotomella) innocentia (Dell, 1990), n. comb. (previously assigned to Typhlodaphne); Pleurotomella (Anomalotomella) nipri (Numanami, 1996), n. comb. (previously assigned to Typhlodaphne); Xanthodaphne raineri (Engl, 2008), n. comb. (previously assigned to Pleurotomella); Aforia hedleyi (Dell, 1990), n. comb. (previously assigned to Pontiothauma). The majority of Antarctic conoidean taxa have hypodermic marginal teeth. Although there is a similar relative abundance of conoideans in Antarctic waters to that seen in other well-studied faunas, the low number of conoideans is indicative of the general impoverishment of the gastropod fauna in the region. Fourteen percent (2 of 14) of conoidean genera that occur within the Antarctic Convergence are endemic to Antarctic waters, as are 82% (34 of 42) of the species. Most taxa have very broad bathymetric ranges, some extending from bathyal to hadal depths. The greatest species diversity was at bathyal depths. C1 [Kantor, Yuri I.] Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtzov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow, Russia. [Harasewych, Myroslaw G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Puillandre, Nicolas] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Systemat & Evolut, Paris, France. RP Kantor, YI (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtzov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow, Russia. EM kantor.yuri1956@gmail.com RI Kantor, Yuri/D-5259-2014 OI Kantor, Yuri/0000-0002-3209-4940 FU RFBR [14-04-00481]; Service de Systematique Moleculaire [UMS 2700 CNRS-MNHN]; project CONOTAX - French ANR [ANR-13-JSV7-0013-01]; Australian Antarctic Division [53]; Japanese Science Foundation; French polar institute IPEV (ICOTA programme); French polar institute IPEV (REVOLTA programme); CNRS; MNHN; ANR (White Project ANTFLOCKs USAR) [07-BLAN-0213-01] FX This work is partially financed by the Grant of RFBR No. 14-04-00481 (PI Yu. I. Kantor), by the Service de Systematique Moleculaire (UMS 2700 CNRS-MNHN) and by the project CONOTAX, funded by the French ANR (grant number ANR-13-JSV7-0013-01). The authors also thank Barbara Buge, Julien Brisset and Laetitia Aznar-Cormano for their help in curating the specimens.; The CAML-CEAMARC cruises of RSV Aurora Australis and TRV Umitaka Maru (IPY project no. 53) were supported by the Australian Antarctic Division, the Japanese Science Foundation, the French polar institute IPEV (ICOTA and REVOLTA programmes), the CNRS, the MNHN and the ANR (White Project ANTFLOCKs USAR no.07-BLAN-0213-01 directed by Guillaume Lecointre). NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1323-5818 EI 1448-6067 J9 MOLLUSCAN RES JI Molluscan Res. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 36 IS 3 BP 153 EP 206 DI 10.1080/13235818.2015.1128523 PG 54 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA DV4VM UT WOS:000382923500001 ER PT J AU Buote, DA Su, YY Gastaldello, F Brighenti, F AF Buote, David A. Su, Yuanyuan Gastaldello, Fabio Brighenti, Fabrizio TI THE ENTIRE VIRIAL RADIUS OF THE FOSSIL CLUSTER RXJ 1159+5531. II. DARK MATTER AND BARYON FRACTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark matter; galaxies: clusters: individual (RXJ 1159+5531); galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; MODIFIED NEWTONIAN DYNAMICS; X-RAY; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; XMM-NEWTON; ADIABATIC CONTRACTION; DENSITY PROFILES; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE AB In this second paper on the entire virial region of the relaxed fossil cluster RXJ 1159+5531, we present a hydrostatic analysis of the azimuthally averaged hot intracluster medium (ICM) using the results of Su et al. For a model consisting of ICM, stellar mass from the central galaxy (BCG), and an NFW dark matter (DM) halo, we obtain a good description of the projected radial profiles of ICM emissivity and temperature that yield precise constraints on the total mass profile. The BCG stellar mass component is clearly detected with a K-band stellar mass-to-light ratio, M-star/L-K = 0.61 +/- 0.11 M-circle dot/L-circle dot, consistent with stellar population synthesis models for a Milky Way initial mass function. We obtain a halo concentration, c(200) = 8.4 +/- 1.0, and virial mass, M-200 = (7.9 +/- 0.6) x 10(13) M-circle dot. For its mass, the inferred concentration is larger than most relaxed halos produced in cosmological simulations with Planck parameters, consistent with RXJ 1159+5531 forming earlier than the general halo population. The baryon fraction at r(200), integral(b,200) = 0.134 +/- 0.007, is slightly below the Planck value (0.155) for the universe. However, when we take into account the additional stellar baryons associated with non-central galaxies and the uncertain intracluster light (ICL), integral(b,200) increases by 0.015, consistent with the cosmic value and therefore no significant baryon loss from the system. The total mass profile is nearly a power law over a large radial range (-0.2-10 Re), where the corresponding density slope a obeys the a Re scaling relation for massive early-type galaxies. Performing our analysis in the context of MOND still requires a large DM fraction (85.0% +/- 2.5% at r = 100 kpc) similar to that obtained using the standard Newtonian approach. The detection of a plausible stellar BCG mass component distinct from the NFW DM halo in the total gravitational potential suggests that similar to 10(14) M-circle dot represents the mass scale above which dissipation is unimportant in the formation of the central regions of galaxy clusters. C1 [Buote, David A.; Su, Yuanyuan] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Su, Yuanyuan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gastaldello, Fabio] INAF IASF Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Brighenti, Fabrizio] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Via Ranzani 1, I-40126 Bologa, Italy. RP Buote, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. OI Gastaldello, Fabio/0000-0002-9112-0184 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX13AF14G, NNX15AM97G]; NASA through Chandra Award [G02-13159X, G04-15117X]; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX We thank the anonymous referee for several helpful comments and suggestions, including the suggestion that we make the comparison shown in the right panel of Figure 7. D.A.B. and Y.S. gratefully acknowledge partial support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grants NNX13AF14G and NNX15AM97G issued through the Astrophysics Data Analysis Program. Partial support for this work was also provided by NASA through Chandra Award Nos. G02-13159X and G04-15117X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. The scientific results reported in this article are based in part on observations made by the Chandra Xray Observatory and by the Suzaku satellite, a collaborative mission between the space agencies of Japan (JAXA) and the USA (NASA). This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 146 DI 10.3847/0004-637x/826/2/146 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900046 ER PT J AU Goulding, AD Greene, JE Ma, CP Veale, M Bogdan, A Nyland, K Blakeslee, JP McConnell, NJ Thomas, J AF Goulding, Andy D. Greene, Jenny E. Ma, Chung-Pei Veale, Melanie Bogdan, Akos Nyland, Kristina Blakeslee, John P. McConnell, Nicholas J. Thomas, Jens TI THE MASSIVE SURVEY. IV. THE X-RAY HALOS OF THE MOST MASSIVE EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES IN THE NEARBY UNIVERSE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: ISM; X-rays: galaxies ID HOT GAS CONTENT; LUMINOSITY-TEMPERATURE RELATION; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; DARK-MATTER; STELLAR POPULATION; ATLAS(3D) PROJECT; SCALING RELATIONS; CHANDRA OBSERVATION AB Studies of the physical properties of local elliptical galaxies are shedding new light on galaxy formation. Here we present the hot-gas properties of 33 early-type systems within the MASSIVE galaxy survey that have archival Chandra X-ray observations, and we use these data to derive X-ray luminosities (L-X,L-gas) and plasma temperatures (T-gas) for the diffuse gas components. We combine this with the ATLAS(3D) survey to invstigate the X-ray-optical properties of a statistically significant sample of early-type galaxies across a wide range of environments. When X-ray measurements are performed consistently in apertures set by the galaxy stellar content, we deduce that all early types (independent of galaxy mass, environment, and rotational support) follow a universal scaling law such that L-X,L-gas proportional to T-gas(similar to 4.5). We further demonstrate that the scatter in L-X,L-gas around both K-band luminosity (L-K) and the galaxy stellar velocity dispersion (sigma(e)) is primarily driven by T-gas, with no clear trends with halo mass, radio power, or angular momentum of the stars. It is not trivial to tie the gas origin directly to either stellar mass or galaxy potential. Indeed, our data require a steeper relation between L-X,L-gas, L-K, and sigma(e) than predicted by standard mass-loss models. Finally, we find that T-gas is set by the galaxy potential inside the optical effective radius. We conclude that within the innermost 10-30 kpc region, early types maintain pressure-supported hot gas, with a minimum T-gas set by the virial temperature, but the majority show evidence for additional heating. C1 [Goulding, Andy D.; Greene, Jenny E.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Ma, Chung-Pei; Veale, Melanie] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bogdan, Akos] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Nyland, Kristina] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Blakeslee, John P.; McConnell, Nicholas J.] Domin Astrophys Observ, NRC Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Thomas, Jens] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. RP Goulding, AD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM goulding@astro.princeton.edu FU NASA [AR3-14016X]; Miller Institute at Berkeley; NSF [AST-1411945, AST-1411642] FX We would like to thank the anonymous referee for useful and insightful comments that allowed us to strengthen our results and conclusions. We are thankful to Bill Forman, Christine Jones, Yuanyuan Su, and Ming Sun for helpful discussions. A. D.G. acknowledges funding from NASA grant AR3-14016X. J.E.G. acknowledges support from the Miller Institute at Berkeley. This survey is supported in part by NSF AST-1411945 and AST-1411642. NR 135 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 167 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/167 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900067 ER PT J AU Hailey, CJ Mori, K Perez, K Canipe, AM Hong, J Tomsick, JA Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Craig, WW Fornasini, F Grindlay, JE Harrison, FA Nynka, M Rahoui, F Stern, D Zhang, S Zhang, WW AF Hailey, Charles J. Mori, Kaya Perez, Kerstin Canipe, Alicia M. Hong, Jaesub Tomsick, John A. Boggs, Steven E. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Fornasini, Francesca Grindlay, Jonathan E. Harrison, Fiona A. Nynka, Melania Rahoui, Farid Stern, Daniel Zhang, Shuo Zhang, William W. TI EVIDENCE FOR INTERMEDIATE POLARS AS THE ORIGIN OF THE GALACTIC CENTER HARD X-RAY EMISSION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: center; novae, cataclysmic variables; X-rays: diffuse background ID MAGNETIC CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; WHITE-DWARF MASSES; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; TV-COLUMBAE; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; LINE DIAGNOSTICS; RIDGE EMISSION; SPACE DENSITY; CENTER REGION AB Recently, unresolved hard (20-40 keV) X-ray emission has been discovered within the central 10 pc of the Galaxy, possibly indicating a large population of intermediate polars (IPs). Chandra and XMM-Newton measurements in the surrounding similar to 50 pc imply a much lighter population of IPs with < M-WD > approximate to 0.5M(circle dot). Here we use broadband NuSTAR observations of two IPs: TV Columbae, which has a fairly typical but widely varying reported mass of M-WD approximate to 0.5-1.0M(circle dot), and IGR J17303-0601, with a heavy reported mass of M-WD approximate to 1.0-1.2M(circle dot). We investigate how varying spectral models and observed energy ranges influences estimated white dwarf mass. Observations of the inner 10 pc can be accounted for by IPs with < M-WD > approximate to 0.9M(circle dot), consistent with that of the CV population in general and the X-ray observed field IPs in particular. The lower mass derived by Chandra and XMM-Newton appears to be an artifact of narrow energy-band fitting. To explain the (unresolved) central hard X-ray emission (CHXE) by IPs requires an X-ray (2-8 keV) luminosity function (XLF) extending down to at least 5 x 10(31) erg s(-1). The CHXE XLF, if extended to the surrounding similar to 50 pc observed by Chandra and XMM-Newton, requires that at least similar to 20%-40% of the similar to 9000 point sources are IPs. If the XLF extends just a factor of a few lower in luminosity, then the vast majority of these sources are IPs. This is in contrast to recent observations of the Galactic ridge, where the bulk of the 2-8 keV emission is ascribed to non-magnetic CVs. C1 [Hailey, Charles J.; Mori, Kaya; Canipe, Alicia M.; Nynka, Melania; Zhang, Shuo] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Perez, Kerstin] Haverford Coll, 370 Lancaster Ave,KINSC L109, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Hong, Jaesub; Grindlay, Jonathan E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tomsick, John A.; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.; Fornasini, Francesca] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, Finn E.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Harrison, Fiona A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Nynka, Melania] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Rahoui, Farid] European Southern Observ, K Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85798 Garching, Germany. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Hailey, CJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM chuckh@astro.columbia.edu FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). The authors thank K Mukai and QD Wang for valuable discussions. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 160 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/160 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900060 ER PT J AU Johnson, MD Narayan, R AF Johnson, Michael D. Narayan, Ramesh TI THE OPTICS OF REFRACTIVE SUBSTRUCTURE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: nucleus; ISM: structure; radio continuum: ISM; scattering; techniques: interferometric; turbulence ID SCATTER-BROADENED IMAGE; SAGITTARIUS A-ASTERISK; EVENT HORIZON; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; SCINTILLATION; RADIOASTRON; SHAPE; VARIABILITY; SIMULATIONS; TELESCOPE AB Newly recognized effects of refractive scattering in the ionized interstellar medium have broad implications for very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) at extreme angular resolutions. Building upon work by Blandford & Narayan, we present a simplified, geometrical optics framework, which enables rapid, semi-analytic estimates of refractive scattering effects. We show that these estimates exactly reproduce previous results based on a more rigorous statistical formulation. We then derive new expressions for the scattering-induced fluctuations of VLBI observables such as closure phase, and we demonstrate how to calculate the fluctuations for arbitrary quantities of interest using a Monte Carlo technique. C1 [Johnson, Michael D.; Narayan, Ramesh] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Johnson, MD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mjohnson@cfa.harvard.edu OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730 FU National Science Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-3561]; NSF [AST1312651]; NASA [TCAN NNX14AB47G] FX MDJ thanks the National Science Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF-3561) for financial support of this work. RN's research was supported in part by NSF grant AST1312651 and NASA grant TCAN NNX14AB47G. MDJ thanks Lindy Blackburn, Katie Bouman, Katherine Rosenfeld, and Andrew Chael for many valuable discussions. We thank Charles Gammie for helpful comments on the manuscript. We thank the referee for many comments that improved the clarity and presentation of these results, and for pointing out connections to literature focused on the weak scattering regime. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 170 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/170 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900070 ER PT J AU Katsuda, S Tanaka, M Morokuma, T Fesen, R Milisavljevic, D AF Katsuda, Satoru Tanaka, Masaomi Morokuma, Tomoki Fesen, Robert Milisavljevic, Dan TI CONSTRAINING THE AGE AND DISTANCE OF THE GALACTIC SUPERNOVA REMNANT G156.2+5.7 BY H alpha EXPANSION MEASUREMENTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (G156.2+5.7); ISM: supernova remnants; shock waves ID X-RAY-EMISSION; PRIMARY SHOCK FRONT; CYGNUS LOOP; PROPER MOTIONS; SNR G156.2+5.7; NORTHEAST LIMB; RCW 86; FILAMENTS; CLOUD; DISCOVERY AB We present deep H alpha images of portions of the X-ray bright, but optically faint, Galactic supernova remnant G156.2+5.7, revealing numerous and delicately thin non-radiative filaments, which mark the location of the remnant's forward shock. These new images show that these filaments have a complex structure not visible on previous lower resolution optical images. By comparing H alpha images taken in 2004 at the McDonald Observatory and in 2015-2016 at the Kiso Observatory, we set a stringent 1 sigma upper limit of expansion to be 0.'' 06 yr(-1). This proper motion, combined with a shock speed of 500 km s(-1), inferred from X-ray spectral analyses, gives a distance of greater than or similar to 1.7 kpc. In addition, a simple comparison of expansion indices of several supernova remnants allows us to infer the age of the remnant to be a few tens of thousands years old. These estimates are more straightforward and reliable than any other previous studies, and clearly rule out the possibility that G156.2+5.7 is physically associated with part of the Taurus-Auriga cloud and dust complex at a distance of 200-300 pc. C1 [Katsuda, Satoru] Chuo Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Tokyo 1128551, Japan. [Tanaka, Masaomi] Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Morokuma, Tomoki] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Inst Astron, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. [Fesen, Robert] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Milisavljevic, Dan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Katsuda, S (reprint author), Chuo Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Tokyo 1128551, Japan. FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI [25800119, 16K17673, 15H00788, 15H02075] FX We thank all the members at the Kiso Observatory for allowing us to perform our observations and providing helpful technical assistance. The authors acknowledge Dr. N. Matsunaga for the software to conduct comparisons between our image coordinates and the catalog values. This work is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI grant Nos. 25800119 and 16K17673 (S. Katsuda), 15H00788 and 15H02075 (M. Tanaka). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 108 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/108 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900008 ER PT J AU McDonald, M Bulbul, E de Haan, T Miller, ED Benson, BA Bleem, LE Brodwin, M Carlstrom, JE Chiu, I Forman, WR Hlavacek-Larrondo, J Garmire, GP Gupta, N Mohr, JJ Reichardt, CL Saro, A Stalder, B Stark, AA Vieira, JD AF McDonald, M. Bulbul, E. de Haan, T. Miller, E. D. Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Brodwin, M. Carlstrom, J. E. Chiu, I. Forman, W. R. Hlavacek-Larrondo, J. Garmire, G. P. Gupta, N. Mohr, J. J. Reichardt, C. L. Saro, A. Stalder, B. Stark, A. A. Vieira, J. D. TI THE EVOLUTION OF THE INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM METALLICITY IN SUNYAEV ZEL'DOVICH- SELECTED GALAXY CLUSTERS AT 0 > z > 1.5 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPT-SZ SURVEY; COOL-CORE; METAL ABUNDANCE; XMM-NEWTON; REDSHIFT EVOLUTION; IRON ABUNDANCE; SAMPLE; PROFILES; TEMPERATURE AB We present the results of an X-ray spectral analysis of 153 galaxy clusters observed with the Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Suzaku space telescopes. These clusters, which span 0 < z < 1.5, were drawn from a larger, mass-selected sample of galaxy clusters discovered in the 2500 square degree South Pole Telescope Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. With a total combined exposure time of 9.1 Ms, these data yield the strongest constraints to date on the evolution of the metal content of the intracluster medium (ICM). We find no evidence for strong evolution in the global (r < R-500) ICM metallicity (dZ/dz = -0.06 +/- 0.04 Z(circle dot)), with a mean value at z = 0.6 of < Z > = 0.23 +/- 0.01 Z(circle dot) and a scatter of sigma Z = 0.08 +/- 0.01 Z(circle dot). These results imply that the emission-weighted metallicity has not changed by more than 40% since z = 1 (at 95% confidence), consistent with the picture of an early (z > 1) enrichment. We find, in agreement with previous works, a significantly higher mean value for the metallicity in the centers of cool core clusters versus non-cool core clusters. We find weak evidence for evolution in the central metallicity of cool core clusters (dZ/dz = -0.21 +/- 0.11 Z(circle dot)), which is sufficient to account for this enhanced central metallicity over the past similar to 10 Gyr. We find no evidence for metallicity evolution outside of the core (dZ/dz = -0.03 +/- 0.06 Z(circle dot)), and no significant difference in the core-excised metallicity between cool core and non-cool core clusters. This suggests that strong radio-mode active galactic nucleus feedback does not significantly alter the distribution of metals at r > 0.15R(500). Given the limitations of current-generation X-ray telescopes in constraining the ICM metallicity at z > 1, significant improvements on this work will likely require next-generation X-ray missions. C1 [McDonald, M.; Bulbul, E.; Miller, E. D.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [de Haan, T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Benson, B. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, 5110 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Chiu, I.; Gupta, N.; Mohr, J. J.; Saro, A.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Chiu, I.; Gupta, N.; Mohr, J. J.; Saro, A.] Excellence Cluster Universe, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Forman, W. R.; Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Garmire, G. P.] Huntingdon Inst Xray Astron LLC, Huntingdon, PA 16652 USA. [Gupta, N.; Mohr, J. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Stalder, B.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron IFA, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP McDonald, M (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mcdonald@space.mit.edu OI Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU NASA [GO4-15122A, GO5-16141X, NAS 5-26555, NNX123AE77G]; NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF51308.01-A]; National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937, PLR-1248097]; NSF Physics Frontier Center grant [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NASA through Chandra Award [12800071, 12800088, 13800883]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357 C]; Australian Research Council?s Discovery Projects scheme [DP150103208]; [De-AC02-07CH11359] FX Much of this work was enabled by generous GTO contributions from Steve Murray, and was in progress at the time of his untimely death in 2015. He was a valued member of the Center for Astrophysics and a strong supporter of SPT science-he will be greatly missed by all of us. MM acknowledges support by NASA through contracts GO4-15122A and GO5-16141X (Chandra), and support by NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF51308.01-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. EB acknowledges support by NASA through contract NNX123AE77G. The South Pole Telescope program is supported by the National Science Foundation through grants ANT-0638937 and PLR-1248097. This work was partially completed at Fermilab, operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Support for X-ray analysis was provided by NASA through Chandra Award Numbers 12800071, 12800088, and 13800883 issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of NASA. Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported under the U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-06CH11357 C. R. acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council?s Discovery Projects scheme (DP150103208). NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 124 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/124 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900024 ER PT J AU Padoan, P Juvela, M Pan, LB Haugbolle, T Nordlund, A AF Padoan, Paolo Juvela, Mika Pan, Liubin Haugbolle, Troels Nordlund, Ake TI SUPERNOVA DRIVING. III. SYNTHETIC MOLECULAR CLOUD OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: kinematics and dynamics; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); stars: formation; turbulence ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; STAR-FORMATION RATE; SUPERSONIC ISOTHERMAL TURBULENCE; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; OUTER GALAXY; SIMULATIONS; FRAGMENTATION; STATISTICS; FEEDBACK AB We present a comparison of molecular clouds (MCs) from a simulation of supernova (SN) driven interstellar medium (ISM) turbulence with real MCs from the Outer Galaxy Survey. The radiative transfer calculations to compute synthetic CO spectra are carried out assuming that the CO relative abundance depends only on gas density, according to four different models. Synthetic MCs are selected above a threshold brightness temperature value, T-B,T-min = 1.4 K, of the J = 1 - 0 (CO)-C-12 line, generating 16 synthetic catalogs (four different spatial resolutions and four CO abundance models), each containing up to several thousands MCs. The comparison with the observations focuses on the mass and size distributions and on the velocity-size and mass-size Larson relations. The mass and size distributions are found to be consistent with the observations, with no significant variations with spatial resolution or chemical model, except in the case of the unrealistic model with constant CO abundance. The velocity-size relation is slightly too steep for some of the models, while the mass-size relation is a bit too shallow for all models only at a spatial resolution dx approximate to 1 pc. The normalizations of the Larson relations show a clear dependence on spatial resolution, for both the synthetic and the real MCs. The comparison of the velocity-size normalization suggests that the SN rate in the Perseus arm is approximately 70% or less of the rate adopted in the simulation. Overall, the realistic properties of the synthetic clouds confirm that SN-driven turbulence can explain the origin and dynamics of MCs. C1 [Padoan, Paolo] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, IEEC UB, Marti Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Padoan, Paolo] ICREA, Pg Lluis Co 23, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Juvela, Mika] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, POB 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Pan, Liubin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Haugbolle, Troels; Nordlund, Ake] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Niels Bohr Inst, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Haugbolle, Troels; Nordlund, Ake] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Padoan, P (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, IEEC UB, Marti Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.; Padoan, P (reprint author), ICREA, Pg Lluis Co 23, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. EM ppadoan@icc.ub.edu; mika.juvela@helsinki.fi; lpan@cfa.harvard.edu; haugboel@nbi.ku.dk; aake@nbi.ku.dk OI Padoan, Paolo/0000-0002-5055-5800; Juvela, Mika/0000-0002-5809-4834 FU ERC FP7-PEOPLE- RG [PIRG07-GA-2010-261359]; Spanish MINECO [AYA2014-57134-P]; Academy of Finland [1285769]; Sapere Aude Starting Grant from Danish Council for Independent Research; Danish National Research Foundation; University of Copenhagen's programme of excellence FX We thank the referee for useful comments that helped us improve the manuscript. Computing resources for this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center, by PRACE through a Tier-0 award providing us access to the computing resource SuperMUC based in Germany at the Leibniz Supercomputing Center, and by the Port d'Informacio Cientifica (PIC), Spain, maintained by a collaboration of the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) and the Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT). P.P. acknowledges support by the ERC FP7-PEOPLE- 2010- RG grant PIRG07-GA-2010-261359 and by the Spanish MINECO under project AYA2014-57134-P. M.J. acknowledges support by the Academy of Finland grant 1285769. T.H. is supported by a Sapere Aude Starting Grant from The Danish Council for Independent Research. Research at Centre for Star and Planet Formation was funded by the Danish National Research Foundation and the University of Copenhagen's programme of excellence. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 140 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/140 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900040 ER PT J AU Ruan, JJ Anderson, SF Cales, SL Eracleous, M Green, PJ Morganson, E Runnoe, JC Shen, Y Wilkinson, TD Blanton, MR Dwelly, T Georgakakis, A Greene, JE LaMassa, SM Merloni, A Schneider, DP AF Ruan, John J. Anderson, Scott F. Cales, Sabrina L. Eracleous, Michael Green, Paul J. Morganson, Eric Runnoe, Jessie C. Shen, Yue Wilkinson, Tessa D. Blanton, Michael R. Dwelly, Tom Georgakakis, Antonis Greene, Jenny E. LaMassa, Stephanie M. Merloni, Andrea Schneider, Donald P. TI TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF CHANGING-LOOK QUASARS: AN ARCHIVAL SPECTROSCOPIC SEARCH IN SDSS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; quasars: emission lines; quasars: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; EMISSION-LINE PROPERTIES; TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; ACCRETION DISKS; HANNYS VOORWERP; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; HOST GALAXIES AB The uncertain origin of the recently discovered "changing-look" quasar phenomenon-in which a luminous quasar dims significantly to a quiescent state in repeat spectroscopy over similar to 10-year timescales-may present unexpected challenges to our understanding of quasar accretion. To better understand this phenomenon, we take a first step toward building a sample of changing-look quasars with a systematic but simple archival search for these objects in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 12. By leveraging the >10-year baselines for objects with repeat spectroscopy, we uncover two new changing-look quasars. and a third discovered previously. Decomposition of the multiepoch spectra and analysis of the broad emission lines suggest that the quasar accretion disk emission dims because of rapidly decreasing accretion rates (by factors of greater than or similar to 2.5), while disfavoring changes in intrinsic dust extinction for the two objects where these analyses are possible. Broad emission line energetics also support intrinsic dimming of quasar emission as the origin for this phenomenon rather than transient tidal disruption events or supernovae. Although our search criteria included quasars at all redshifts and transitions from either quasar-like to galaxy-like states or the reverse, all of the clear cases of changing-look quasars discovered were at relatively low redshift (z similar to 0.2-0.3) and only exhibit quasar-like to galaxy-like transitions. C1 [Ruan, John J.; Anderson, Scott F.; Wilkinson, Tessa D.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Cales, Sabrina L.; LaMassa, Stephanie M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Cales, Sabrina L.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. [Eracleous, Michael; Runnoe, Jessie C.; Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Eracleous, Michael; Runnoe, Jessie C.; Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Green, Paul J.; Morganson, Eric] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Shen, Yue] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Shen, Yue] Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Blanton, Michael R.] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Dwelly, Tom; Georgakakis, Antonis; Merloni, Andrea] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MIPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Greene, Jenny E.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Ruan, JJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jruan@astro.washington.edu RI Georgakakis, Antonis/K-4457-2013; OI Georgakakis, Antonis/0000-0002-3514-2442; Green, Paul/0000-0002-8179-9445; Shen, Yue/0000-0003-1659-7035 FU NASA through Fermi Guest Investigator grant [NNX14AQ23G]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX JJR thanks James R.A. Davenport for helpful discussions. JJR acknowledges support provided by NASA through Fermi Guest Investigator grant NNX14AQ23G.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. NR 82 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 188 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/188 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900088 ER PT J AU Shappee, BJ Piro, AL Holoien, TWS Prieto, JL Contreras, C Itagaki, K Burns, CR Kochanek, CS Stanek, KZ Alper, E Basu, U Beacom, JF Bersier, D Brimacombe, J Conseil, E Danilet, AB Dong, SB Falco, E Grupe, D Hsiao, EY Kiyota, S Morrell, N Nicolas, J Phillips, MM Pojmanski, G Simonian, G Stritzinger, M Szczygiel, DM Taddia, F Thompson, TA Thorstensen, J Wagner, MR Wozniak, PR AF Shappee, B. J. Piro, A. L. Holoien, T. W. -S. Prieto, J. L. Contreras, C. Itagaki, K. Burns, C. R. Kochanek, C. S. Stanek, K. Z. Alper, E. Basu, U. Beacom, J. F. Bersier, D. Brimacombe, J. Conseil, E. Danilet, A. B. Dong, Subo Falco, E. Grupe, D. Hsiao, E. Y. Kiyota, S. Morrell, N. Nicolas, J. Phillips, M. M. Pojmanski, G. Simonian, G. Stritzinger, M. Szczygiel, D. M. Taddia, F. Thompson, T. A. Thorstensen, J. Wagner, M. R. Wozniak, P. R. TI THE YOUNG AND BRIGHT TYPE IA SUPERNOVA ASASSN-141p: DISCOVERY, EARLY-TIME OBSERVATIONS, FIRST-LIGHT TIME, DISTANCE TO NGC 4666, AND PROGENITOR CONSTRAINTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: distances and redshifts; supernovae: individual (ASASSN-141p, Type Ia, NGC 4666, ASASSN-141p); white dwarfs ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE; PHOTOMETRY DATA RELEASE; X-RAY TELESCOPE; SN 2011FE; RISE-TIME; LIGHT CURVES; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; WHITE-DWARF AB On 2014 December 9.61, the All-sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN or "Assassin") discovered ASASSN-141p just similar to 2 days after first light using a global array of 14 cm diameter telescopes. ASASSN-141p went on to become a bright supernova (V = 11.94 mag), second only to SN 2014J for the year. We present prediscovery photometry (with a detection less than a day after first light) and ultraviolet through near-infrared photometric and spectroscopic data covering the rise and fall of ASASSN-141p for more than 100 days. We find that ASASSN-141p had a broad light curve (Delta m(15) (B) = 0.80 +/- 0.05), a B-band maximum at 2457015.82 +/- 0.03, a rise time of 16.941(-0.10)(+0.11) days, and moderate host-galaxy extinction (E (B - V)host = 0.33 +/- 0.06). Using ASASSN-141p, we derive a distance modulus for NGC 4666 of mu = 30.8 +/- 0.2, corresponding to a distance of 14.7 +/- 1.5 Mpc. However, adding ASASSN-141p to the calibrating sample of Type Ia supernovae still requires an independent distance to the host galaxy. Finally, using our early-time photometric and spectroscopic observations, we rule out red giant secondaries and, assuming a favorable viewing angle and explosion time, any nondegenerate companion larger than 0.34 RG(circle dot). C1 [Shappee, B. J.; Piro, A. L.; Burns, C. R.] Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Holoien, T. W. -S.; Kochanek, C. S.; Stanek, K. Z.; Basu, U.; Beacom, J. F.; Simonian, G.; Thompson, T. A.; Wagner, M. R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Prieto, J. L.] Univ Diego Port, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile. [Prieto, J. L.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. [Contreras, C.; Hsiao, E. Y.; Morrell, N.; Phillips, M. M.; Stritzinger, M.] Las Campanas Observ, Carnegie Observ, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile. [Contreras, C.; Hsiao, E. Y.; Stritzinger, M.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Itagaki, K.] Itagaki Astron Observ, Teppo Cho, Yamagata 9902492, Japan. [Kochanek, C. S.; Stanek, K. Z.; Beacom, J. F.; Thompson, T. A.] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Alper, E.; Thorstensen, J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Basu, U.] Grove City High Sch, 4665 Hoover Rd, Grove City, OH 43123 USA. [Beacom, J. F.; Danilet, A. B.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bersier, D.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Brimacombe, J.] Coral Towers Observ, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. [Conseil, E.] Observ Strasbourg, AFOEV, 11 Rue Univ, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. [Dong, Subo] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Yi He Yuan Rd 5, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Falco, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Grupe, D.] Morehead State Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, 235 Martindale Dr, Morehead, KY 40351 USA. [Hsiao, E. Y.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Kiyota, S.] VSOLJ, 7-1 Kitahatsutomi, Kamagaya 2730126, Japan. [Nicolas, J.] Grp SNAUDE, Paris, France. [Pojmanski, G.; Szczygiel, D. M.] Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, Al Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Taddia, F.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Wagner, M. R.] Univ Arizona, Large Binocular Telescope Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Wozniak, P. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shappee, BJ (reprint author), Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM bshappee@obs.carnegiescience.edu OI Wozniak, Przemyslaw/0000-0002-9919-3310; Beacom, John/0000-0002-0005-2631 FU NSF [AST-0908816, AST-1515876, AST-1515927, PHY-1404311, AST-0306969, AST-0607438, AST-1008343, AST-9987045]; CCAPP at the Ohio State University; Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation; Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) of the Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy [IC120009]; NASA through Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HF-51348.001]; Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA [NAS 5-26555]; DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship [DE-FG02-97ER25308]; FONDECYT [1151445]; Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]; Strategic Priority Research Program-The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation realized through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at LANL; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP); Ohio Board of Regents; Ohio State University Office of Research; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Participating Institutions; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund FX Development of ASAS-SN has been supported by NSF grant AST-0908816 and CCAPP at the Ohio State University. C.S.K. and K.Z.S. are supported by NSF grants AST-1515876 and AST-1515927. ASAS-SN is supported in part by the Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation. Operations of the Cassius ASAS-SN station are partially funded from project IC120009 Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) of the Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy.; B.S. is supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF-51348.001 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. T.W.-S.H. is supported by the DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship, grant number DE-FG02-97ER25308. Support for J.L.P. is in part provided by FONDECYT through grant 1151445 and by the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC120009, awarded to the Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, MAS. J.F.B. is supported by NSF grant PHY-1404311. S.D. is supported by "the Strategic Priority Research Program-The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant No. XDB09000000). E.H. and M.S. are supported by the Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation realized through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant. P.R.W. is supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at LANL.; CSPII is supported by the NSF under grants AST-0306969, AST-0607438, and AST-1008343.; This paper uses data products produced by the OIR Telescope Data Center, supported by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.; The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.; This paper used data obtained with the MODS spectrographs built with funding from NSF grant AST-9987045 and the NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP), with additional funds from the Ohio Board of Regents and the Ohio State University Office of Research. The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy, and Germany.; Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web site is http://www.sdss.org/.; This research has made use of data from the AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey, whose funding has been provided by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund. NR 95 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR 144 DI 10.3847/0004-637x/826/2/144 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1ON UT WOS:000381977900044 ER PT J AU Kim, MR Lee, CW Dunham, MM Evans, NJ Kim, G Allen, LE AF Kim, Mi-Ryang Lee, Chang Won Dunham, Michael M. Evans, Neal J., II Kim, Gwanjeong Allen, Lori E. TI A SEARCH FOR VERY LOW-LUMINOSITY OBJECTS IN GOULD BELT CLOUDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; infrared: ISM; stars: formation ID SPITZER C2D SURVEY; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; 1ST HYDROSTATIC CORE; 2-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER; SURVEY SCUBA-2 OBSERVATIONS; DUST CONTINUUM EMISSION; CLERK MAXWELL TELESCOPE; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; PROTO-BROWN DWARF AB We present the results of a search for Very Low-Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs) in the Gould Belt (GB) clouds using infrared and sub-millimeter (sub-mm) data from 1.25 to 850 mu m and our N2H+ (J = 1-0) observations. We modified the criteria by Dunham et al.. to select the VeLLOs in the GB clouds, finding 95 VeLLO candidates, 79 of which are newly identified in this study. Out of 95 sources, 44 were detected in both sub-mm continuum and N2H+ emission and were classified as Group A (the VeLLOs), and 51 sources detected in either sub-mm emission or N2H+ emission were classified with Group B as candidate VeLLOs. We find that these VeLLOs and the candidates are forming in environments different from those of the likely VeLLOs. Seventy-eight sources are embedded within their molecular clouds, and thus are likely VeLLOs forming in a dense environment. The remaining 17 sources are located in low-level extinction regions (A(V) < 1) connected to the clouds, and can be either background sources or candidate substellar objects forming in an isolated mode. The VeLLOs and the candidates are likely more luminous and their envelopes tend to be more massive in denser environments. The VeLLOs and the candidates are more populous in the clouds where more YSOs form, indicating that they form in a manner similar to that of normal YSOs. The bolometric luminosities and temperatures of the VeLLOs are compared to predictions of episodic accretion models, showing that the low luminosities for most VeLLOs can be well explained by their status in the quiescent phases of a cycle of episodic mass accretion. C1 [Kim, Mi-Ryang; Lee, Chang Won; Kim, Gwanjeong] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 34055, South Korea. [Kim, Mi-Ryang] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Chungdae Ro 1, Cheongju Chungbuk 28644, South Korea. [Lee, Chang Won; Kim, Gwanjeong] Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Gwahangno 113, Daejeon 34055, South Korea. [Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Evans, Neal J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Allen, Lori E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA. RP Lee, CW (reprint author), Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 34055, South Korea.; Lee, CW (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Gwahangno 113, Daejeon 34055, South Korea. EM mrkim@kasi.re.kr; cwl@kasi.re.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [NRF-2013R1A1A2A10005125] FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (NRF-2013R1A1A2A10005125) and also by global research collaboration of Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology (KRCF). NR 120 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 225 IS 2 AR 26 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/225/2/26 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU6FL UT WOS:000382309500009 ER PT J AU Sohn, J Geller, MJ Hwang, HS Zahid, HJ Lee, MG AF Sohn, Jubee Geller, Margaret J. Hwang, Ho Seong Zahid, H. Jabran Lee, Myung Gyoon TI CATALOGS OF COMPACT GROUPS OF GALAXIES FROM THE ENHANCED SDSS DR12 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: groups: general; galaxies: interactions; surveys ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; TRIGGERED STAR-FORMATION; BRIGHT ISOLATED GALAXIES; MASS ASSEMBLY GAMA; REDSHIFT SURVEY; DATA RELEASE; ENVIRONMENTAL DEPENDENCE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; RADIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SATELLITE GALAXIES AB We apply a friends-of-friends algorithm to an enhanced SDSS DR12 spectroscopic catalog, including redshift from the literature to construct a catalog of 1588 N >= 3 compact groups of galaxies containing 5178 member galaxies and covering the redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.19. This catalog contains 18 times as many systems and reaches 3 times the depth of the similar catalog of Barton et al. We construct catalogs from both magnitude-limited and volume-limited galaxy samples. Like Barton et al. we omit the frequently applied isolation criterion in the compact group selection algorithm. Thus the groups selected by fixed projected spatial and rest-frame line-of-sight velocity separation produce a catalog of groups with a redshift-independent median size. In contrast to previous catalogs, the enhanced SDSS DR12 catalog (including galaxies with r < 14.5) includes many systems with z less than or similar to 0.05. The volume-limited samples are unique to this study. The compact group candidates in these samples have a median stellar mass independent of redshift. Groups with velocity dispersion. less than or similar to 100 km s(-1) show abundant evidence for ongoing dynamical interactions among the members. The number density of the volume-limited catalogs agrees with previous catalogs at the lowest redshifts but decreases as the redshift increases. The SDSS fiber placement constraints limit the catalog's completeness. In spite of this issue, the volume-limited catalogs provide a promising basis for detailed spatially resolved probes of the impact of galaxy-galaxy interactions within similar dense systems over a broad redshift range. C1 [Sohn, Jubee; Geller, Margaret J.; Zahid, H. Jabran] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sohn, Jubee; Lee, Myung Gyoon] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Program, Seoul 08826, South Korea. [Hwang, Ho Seong] Korea Inst Adv Study, Sch Phys, 85 Hoegiro, Seoul 02455, South Korea. RP Sohn, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Sohn, J (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Program, Seoul 08826, South Korea. OI Geller, Margaret/0000-0002-9146-4876 FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant - Korea Government (MSIP) [2013R1A2A2A05005120]; Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program through an NRF - MEST [2011-0007215]; Smithsonian Institution; Clay Fellowship; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIP) (No.2013R1A2A2A05005120). J.S. was supported by the Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program through an NRF funded by the MEST (No. 2011-0007215). The research of J.S., M.J.G., and H.J.Z. is supported by the Smithsonian Institution. H.J.Z. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Clay Fellowship.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is. www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 225 IS 2 AR 23 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/225/2/23 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU6FL UT WOS:000382309500006 ER PT J AU Terrell, KA Crosier, AE Wildt, DE O'Brien, SJ Anthony, NM Marker, L Johnson, WE AF Terrell, Kimberly A. Crosier, Adrienne E. Wildt, David E. O'Brien, Stephen J. Anthony, Nicola M. Marker, Laurie Johnson, Warren E. TI Continued decline in genetic diversity among wild cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) without further loss of semen quality SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Heterozygosity; Heterozygosity-fitness correlation; Reproduction; Population decline; Captive breeding; Fitness ID CAT FELIS-CATUS; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; DOMESTIC CAT; ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; POPULATION-GENETICS; CONSERVATION; HETEROZYGOSITY; SPERMATOZOA; MICROSATELLITES; FERTILIZATION AB As a well-studied felid with limited genetic diversity, the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) has shaped much of the scientific debate surrounding inbreeding depression. The species survived a population bottleneck similar to 12,000 years ago and was extirpated from >75% of its historical range in the last century. Modem cheetahs produce poor-quality semen, a presumed manifestation of inbreeding depression. Within Felidae, a positive association between genetic diversity and semen quality is well supported by pedigree data and inter-species comparisons. However, this relationship has never been examined among individual cheetahs. Furthermore, whether ongoing population declines are exacerbating inbreeding depression in wild or captive cheetah populations is unknown. Using 12 microsatellite markers, we evaluated the relationship between heterozygosity and reproductive traits among wild (n = 54) and captive (n = 43) male cheetahs born from 1976-2007. We tested the hypotheses that genetic diversity has declined over the last similar to 30 years and is positively correlated with semen quality/breeding success in the cheetah. Findings revealed that genetic diversity has, decreased in the wild, but not captive, population. Unexpectedly, heterozygosity was lower in proven versus unproven breeders and did not correlate with semen quality. A small proportion of all males (<10%) produced relatively high quality ejaculates, with sperm traits similar to those of non-inbred felid species. These data suggest a more complex relationship between inbreeding and male cheetah reproductive traits than previously appreciated. Intensive management of captive cheetahs appears to be minimizing inbreeding, whereas the continued erosion of genetic diversity in wild males is of conservation concern. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Terrell, Kimberly A.; Crosier, Adrienne E.; Wildt, David E.; Johnson, Warren E.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Terrell, Kimberly A.] Memphis Zoo, Dept Res & Conservat, Memphis, TN 38112 USA. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, St Petersburg 199004, Russia. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] Nova Southesstern Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33004 USA. [Anthony, Nicola M.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA USA. [Marker, Laurie] Cheetah Conservat Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia. RP Terrell, KA (reprint author), Memphis Zoo, 2000 Prentiss Pl, Memphis, TN 38112 USA. EM kterrell@memphiszoo.org FU Russian Ministry of Science Mega-grant [11.G34.31.0068]; Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship FX The authors thank Victor David for assistance with microsatellite genotyping, Pamela Thompson for help with data analyses, and staff at the many institutions represented in this study for providing access to animals. SJO was supported as a PI by the Russian Ministry of Science Mega-grant no.11.G34.31.0068. KAT was supported by a Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 67 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 200 BP 192 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.034 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DT2QK UT WOS:000381325300022 ER PT J AU Renner, SC Ludtke, B Kaiser, S Kienle, J Schaefer, HM Segelbacher, G Tschapka, M Santiago-Alarcon, D AF Renner, Swen C. Luedtke, Bruntje Kaiser, Sonja Kienle, Julia Schaefer, H. Martin Segelbacher, Gernot Tschapka, Marco Santiago-Alarcon, Diego TI Forests of opportunities and mischief: disentangling the interactions between forests, parasites and immune responses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem process; Forest structure; Haemosporidia; Host-parasite interaction; Landscape epidemiology; LiDAR; Malaria parasites; Structural equations modeling ID AFRICAN RAIN-FOREST; WILD BIRD POPULATION; AVIAN MALARIA; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; MODELING APPROACH; SPATIAL VARIATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DYNAMICS; LIDAR; PERSISTENCE AB Habitat characteristics determine the presence of individuals through resource availability, but at the same time, such features also influence the occurrence of parasites. We analyzed how birds respond to changes in interior forest structures, to forest management regimes, and to the risk of haemosporidian infections. We captured and took blood samples from blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla) and chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs) in three different forest types (beech, mixed deciduous, spruce). We measured birds' body asymmetries, detected avian haemosporidians, and counted white blood cells as an immune measure of each individual per forest type. We used, to our knowledge for the first time, continuous forest structural parameters to quantify habitat structure, and found significant effects of habitat structure on parasite prevalence that previously have been undetected. We found three times higher prevalence for blackcaps compared with chaffinches. Parasite intensity varied significantly within host species depending on forest type, being lowest in beech forests for both host species. Structurally complex habitats with a high degree of entropy had a positive effect on the likelihood of acquiring an infection, but the effect on prevalence was negative for forest sections with a south facing aspect. For blackcaps, forest gaps also had a positive effect on prevalence, but canopy height had a negative one. Our results suggest that forest types and variations in forest structure influence the likelihood of acquiring an infection, which subsequently has an influence on host health status and body condition; however, responses to some environmental factors are host-specific. (C) 2016 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Renner, Swen C.] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Zool, Vienna, Austria. [Renner, Swen C.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Ctr, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Luedtke, Bruntje; Kienle, Julia; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Ulm, Germany. [Kaiser, Sonja] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany. [Schaefer, H. Martin] Univ Freiburg, Inst Biol Zool 1, Freiburg, Germany. [Segelbacher, Gernot] Univ Freiburg, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Management, Freiburg, Germany. [Santiago-Alarcon, Diego] Inst Ecol AC, Red Biol & Conservat Vertebrados, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Renner, SC (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Zool, Vienna, Austria. EM swen.renner@boku.ac.at OI Renner, Swen/0000-0002-6893-4219 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Germany Priority Program 1374 "Biodiversity-Exploratories" [Ka1241/19-1, Re1733/6-1]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Mexico (CONACYT) [CB-2011-01-168524] FX We thank the local management team at Schwabische Alb, Germany for their incredible support in the field. We thank M. Fischer, W. W. Weisser, K. E. Linsenmair and F. Buscot for their role in setting up the Biodiversity Exploratories. The work has been funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Germany (www.dfg.de) Priority Program 1374 "Biodiversity-Exploratories" (Ka1241/19-1, Re1733/6-1). D.S.-A. was supported by an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany (www.avh.de) post-doctoral fellowship and by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Mexico (CONACYT, CB-2011-01-168524). Two anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on previous versions of the manuscript. The funding organizations had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We especially would like to thank the late Elisabeth K. V. Kalko, who supported this study against all odds. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 EI 1879-0135 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 46 IS 9 BP 571 EP 579 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.04.008 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DT5QP UT WOS:000381538000005 PM 27247106 ER PT J AU Li, Y Mathews, RA AF Li, Yue Mathews, Robert A. TI In vivo real-time monitoring of aphrodisiac pheromone release of small white cabbage butterflies (Pieris rapae) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pieris rapae; Aphrodisiac pheromone; Ferrulactone; Real-time analysis; DART; Mass spectrometry ID MALE SEX-PHEROMONE; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; EUREMA-LISA LEPIDOPTERA; DART MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ION-SOURCE; BICYCLUS-ANYNANA; MALE SCENT; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION; COLIAS-EURYTHEME; MATING-BEHAVIOR AB The study of insect behavior is of practical importance for developing possible control methods in Integrated Pest Management. Currently, one model of butterfly mating behavior suggests that the initial location of potential mates occurs visually followed by the release of one or more short-range male aphrodisiac pheromones. This model is supported by data obtained from field observations and inferences based on the behavioral effects of chemicals extracted or isolated using indirect and offline techniques. In this study, we performed in vivo real-time monitoring of the male aphrodisiac pheromones released by the small white cabbage male butterfly (Pieris rapae Linnaeus) using confined direct analysis in real time (cDART) mass spectrometry. cDART is a new method easily adapted to the study in real time of chemicals released into the environment by virtually any insect. The major compound released by the male Pieris rapae was identified as ferrulactone. The experimental results reported here indicate that the release of ferrulactone occurs less than 1 s after the male visualizes its partner, and reaches a maximum after about one half minute. This study is the first reported in vivo detection and monitoring of butterfly male aphrodisiac pheromones in real time. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Yue] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mathews, Robert A.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Li, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Mathews, RA (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM yueli@umd.edu; mathewsr@si.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-0946988] FX We appreciate the use of the mass spectrometry facility at the University of Maryland at College Park for the use of the instruments and the financial support by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Grant No. CHE-0946988). Several butterflies used in this study were provided by Professor Nathan I. Morehouse of the University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, PA. Discussions with Professor Morehouse and graduate student Eden McQueen of the University of Pittsburg are gratefully acknowledged regarding the male pheromone of P. rapae, raising specimens, and the EI mass spectrum of ferrulactone. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD AUG-SEP PY 2016 VL 91-92 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2016.07.006 PG 6 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA DT5OH UT WOS:000381532000014 PM 27405008 ER PT J AU Schuettpelz, E Chen, CW Kessler, M Pinson, JB Johnson, G Davila, A Cochran, AT Huiet, L Pryer, KM AF Schuettpelz, Eric Chen, Cheng-Wei Kessler, Michael Pinson, Jerald B. Johnson, Gabriel Davila, Alex Cochran, Alyssa T. Huiet, Layne Pryer, Kathleen M. TI A revised generic classification of vittarioid ferns (Pteridaceae) based on molecular, micromorphological, and geographic data SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE Africa; epiphytes; paraphyses; phylogeny; pteridophytes; spores; taxonomic revision ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; VITTARIACEAE; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES; INFERENCE; ALIGNMENT; MRBAYES AB Vittarioid ferns compose a well-supported Glade of 100-130 species of highly simplified epiphytes in the family Pteridaceae. Generic circumscriptions within the vittarioid Glade were among the first in ferns to be evaluated and revised based on molecular phylogenetic data. Initial analyses of rbcL sequences revealed strong geographic structure and demonstrated that the two largest vittarioid genera, as then defined, each had phylogenetically distinct American and Old World components. The results of subsequent studies that included as many as 36 individuals of 33 species, but still relied on a single gene, were generally consistent with the early findings. Here, we build upon the previous datasets, incorporating many more samples (138 individuals representing 72 species) and additional plastid markers (atpA, chlN, rbcL, rpoA). Analysis of our larger dataset serves to better characterize known lineages, reveals new lineages, and ultimately uncovers an underlying geographic signal that is even stronger than was previously appreciated. In our revised generic classification, we recognize a total of eleven vittarioid genera. Each genus, including the new genus Antrophyopsis (Benedict) Schuettp., stat. nov., is readily diagnosable based on morphology, with micromorphological characters related to soral paraphyses and spores complementing more obvious features such as venation and the distribution of sporangia. A key to the currently recognized vittarioid genera, brief generic descriptions, and five new species combinations are provided. C1 [Schuettpelz, Eric; Johnson, Gabriel] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Chen, Cheng-Wei] Taiwan Forestry Res Inst, Div Bot Garden, Taipei 10066, Taiwan. [Kessler, Michael] Univ Zurich, Inst Systemat Bot, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. [Pinson, Jerald B.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Davila, Alex] Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Cochran, Alyssa T.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Huiet, Layne; Pryer, Kathleen M.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Schuettpelz, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM schuettpelze@si.edu RI Kessler, Michael/A-3605-2009 FU United States National Science Foundation [DEB-1405181, DEB-1145614] FX We are grateful to Sally Chambers, Maarten Christenhusz, Thomas Janssen, Fay-Wei Li, Fernando Matos, Joel Nitta, Jefferson Prado, Tom Ranker, Carl Rothfels, Germinal Rouhan, Alan Smith, Michael Sundue, and George Yatskievych for their assistance with the acquisition of some material for this study. We also thank Stuart Lindsay for drawing our attention to the exceptional spores of Haplopteris malayensis and Jefferson Prado for supplying nomenclatural expertise. Three anonymous reviewers and the editors provided helpful comments. Fay-Wei Li, Germinal Rouhan, Michael Sundue (www.fernsoftheworld.com), and Wayne Takeuchi kindly provided images. Portions of the laboratory work were conducted in and with the support of the L.A.B. facilities of the National Museum of Natural History. Funding for this research was provided in part by the United States National Science Foundation (award DEB-1405181 to E.S. and award DEB-1145614 to K.M.P. and L.H.). NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD AUG PY 2016 VL 65 IS 4 BP 708 EP 722 DI 10.12705/654.2 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DU7VT UT WOS:000382423400002 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Schuettpelz, E Rothfels, CJ Zhou, XM Gao, XF Zhang, LB AF Zhang, Liang Schuettpelz, Eric Rothfels, Carl J. Zhou, Xin-Mao Gao, Xin-Fen Zhang, Li-Bing TI Circumscription and phylogeny of the fern family Tectariaceae based on plastid and nuclear markers, with the description of two new genera: Draconopteris and Malaifilix (Tectariaceae) SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE Arthropteris; Dracoglossum; intercontinental dispersal; Lomariopsidaceae; long-branch repulsion; Nephrolepis; new genera; nuclear phylogeny; Tectaria; venation ID RBCL NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; CHLOROPLAST DNA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; DRYOPTERIS DRYOPTERIDACEAE; EVOLUTIONARY LINEAGES; EUPOLYPODS I; CLASSIFICATION; SYSTEMATICS; PARSIMONY; POLYPODIACEAE AB The circumscription and the phylogeny of the fern family Tectariaceae have been controversial. Previous molecular studies have supported the monophyly of this family, with 4-5 genera. However, these studies were exclusively based on plastid markers and relatively small sampling, especially of the non-Tectaria genera. In the present study, DNA sequences of eight plastid and one nuclear markers of 25 accessions representing 19 species of Tectaria and 58 accessions representing ca. 90% of the non-Tectaria species in the family (including Arthropteris) were used to infer a phylogeny using maximum likelihood (ML), Bayesian inference, and maximum parsimony. Our major results include: (1) Tectaria as currently circumscribed is not monophyletic and can be divided into three genera: Tectaria s.str., Draconopteris (gen. nov.) from Central to South America, and Malaifilix (gen. nov.) from Malesia; (2) Draconopteris and Malaifilix, the two new genera, together with Pteridrys, form a strongly supported Glade; (3) in our ML analyses, the Glade containing Draconopteris, Malaifilix, and Pteridrys (the DMP Glade) is resolved as sister to the rest of Tectariaceae and Arthropteris is sister to Tectaria+(Hypoderris + Triplophyllum), suggesting that Arthropteris should be treated as a member of Tectariaceae, and thus Tectariaceae contains seven genera: Arthropteris, Draconopteris, Hypoderris, Malaifilix, Pteridrys, Tectaria, and Triplophyllum; (4) with the well-supported relationships among the members of Tectariaceae, anastomosing venation in the family is inferred to have evolved independently at least three times; (5) Nephrolepis is strongly supported as sister to a Glade containing Cyclopeltis, Dracoglossum, and Lomariopsis, and thus we advocate that Lomariopsidaceae include these four genera (plus the unsampled Thysanosoria); and (6) intercontinental dispersal appears to have played an important role in shaping the extant distribution of Tectariaceae. C1 [Zhang, Liang; Zhou, Xin-Mao; Gao, Xin-Fen] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Ecol Restorat & Bioresource Utilizat, Chengdu Inst Biol, POB 416, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Schuettpelz, Eric] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rothfels, Carl J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ Herbarium, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rothfels, Carl J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhou, Xin-Mao; Zhang, Li-Bing] Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. RP Gao, XF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mt Ecol Restorat & Bioresource Utilizat, Chengdu Inst Biol, POB 416, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LB (reprint author), Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. EM xfgao@cib.ac.cn; Libing.Zhang@mobot.org FU Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Geographical Society of the USA; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31400196]; Fondation Franklinia; CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams FX The research was partially supported by a grant from Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and grants from the National Geographical Society of the USA to L.-B.Z., a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to L.Z. (#31400196), a grant from the Fondation Franklinia to the Flora of China project, and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams. De-Kui Chen helped with the lab work, Ngan Thi Lu helped with the fieldwork in Vietnam, A.T. Nor-Ezzawanis helped with the fieldwork in Malaysia, Paulo Labiak shared DNA aliquots of Hypoderris, and Miguel Chaves provided two accessions of Tectaria draconoptera, Robbin Moran, Jefferson Prado, and Michael Sundue each shared images of fern species analyzed in this study. We thank Alan Smith and two anonymous reviewers and editors for helpful comments. NR 101 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD AUG PY 2016 VL 65 IS 4 BP 723 EP 738 DI 10.12705/654.3 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DU7VT UT WOS:000382423400003 ER PT J AU Chen, CW Schuettpelz, E Lindsay, S Middleton, DJ AF Chen, Cheng Wei Schuettpelz, Eric Lindsay, Stuart Middleton, David J. TI Proposal to conserve the name Haplopteris against Monogramma (Pteridaceae) SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chen, Cheng Wei] Taiwan Forestry Res Inst, Div Bot Garden, Taipei 10066, Taiwan. [Schuettpelz, Eric] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Lindsay, Stuart] Gardens Bay, 18 Marina Gardens Dr, Singapore 018953, Singapore. [Middleton, David J.] Natl Pk Board, Singapore Bot Gardens, 1 Cluny Rd, Singapore 259569, Singapore. RP Chen, CW (reprint author), Taiwan Forestry Res Inst, Div Bot Garden, Taipei 10066, Taiwan. EM wade0504@gmail.com NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD AUG PY 2016 VL 65 IS 4 BP 884 EP 885 DI 10.12705/654.19 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DU7VT UT WOS:000382423400019 ER PT J AU Cabi, E Soreng, RJ Gillespie, L Amiri, N AF Cabi, Evren Soreng, Robert J. Gillespie, Lynn Amiri, Neda TI Poa densa (Poaceae), an overlooked Turkish steppe grass, and the evolution of bulbs in Poa SO WILLDENOWIA LA English DT Article DE bulbs; evolution; taxonomy; lectotypification; Turkey; Anatolia; Poaceae; Gramineae; Poa; Poa densa; Festuca conferta ID CHLOROPLAST-DNA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NUCLEAR; L.; SEQUENCES; POINAE; MAFFT AB Poa densa Troitsky is a characteristic species of the high steppe to low alpine vegetation of Turkey. It was overlooked in the Flora of Turkey, and although subsequently reported from a few stations in W part of C Anatolia, is actually relatively common and widespread across the semi-arid C and N steppes. Here we provide a key to related species, a full description, photographs, 2C value of nuclear DNA content, and a distribution map, and discuss its classification in the genus. The synonym Festuca conferta is lectotypified. DNA phylogenetic analysis and morphology data indicate P. densa is allied to species of P. subg. Poa sect. Macropoa, rather than to the P. bulbosa complex of P. subg. Ochlopoa sect. Arenariae, and support multiple origins of the basal bulb in the genus Poa. C1 [Cabi, Evren] Namik Kemal Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Tekirdag, Turkey. [Soreng, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gillespie, Lynn; Amiri, Neda] Canadian Museum Nat, Res & Collect Div, POB 3443,Stn D, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada. [Gillespie, Lynn; Amiri, Neda] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. RP Cabi, E (reprint author), Namik Kemal Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Tekirdag, Turkey. EM ecabi@nku.edu.tr FU TUBITAK-KBAG [212T113]; TUBITAK-BIDEB FX We thank Musa Dogan for his support to the project by revising Poa in Turkey; Yildirim Akman for his introduction of R.J.S. to the flora of Turkey and providing assistance in field work; Osman Ketenoglu, Latif Kurt, Kerim Guney and Umit Bingol for guidance and assistance to R.J.S. in field work in 1991 and 1993; Konstantin Romaschenko for translations from Russian; Kanchi Gandhi for a scan of the Festuca conferta protologue; the Kew library for a scan of the Poa densa protologue; Maria Vorontsova for checking for this species at K; Metin Tuna for access to the flow cytometer; Tugrul Koruklu, Ayse Mine Gencler Ozkan and Osman Tugay for access to the AEF, ANK and KNYA university herbaria in 2014; the curators of the B, E and G herbaria for loans; TUBITAK-KBAG for support of Grant no. 212T113 to E.C.; TUBITAK-BIDEB for support that made possible R.J.S.'s visit to Namik Kemal University; and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BOTANISCHER GARTEN & BOTANISCHE MUSEUM BERLIN-DAHLEM PI BERLIN PA FREIE UNIV BERLIN, KOENIGIN-LUISE-STRASSE 6-8, BERLIN, D-14191, GERMANY SN 0511-9618 J9 WILLDENOWIA JI Willdenowia PD AUG PY 2016 VL 46 IS 2 BP 201 EP 211 DI 10.3372/wi.46.46201 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DU4IN UT WOS:000382176400001 ER PT J AU Prsa, A Harmanec, P Torres, G Mamajek, E Asplund, M Capitaine, N Christensen-Dalsgaard, J Depagne, E Haberreiter, M Hekker, S Hilton, J Kopp, G Kostov, V Kurtz, DW Laskar, J Mason, BD Milone, EF Montgomery, M Richards, M Schmutz, W Schou, J Stewart, SG AF Prsa, Andrej Harmanec, Petr Torres, Guillermo Mamajek, Eric Asplund, Martin Capitaine, Nicole Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen Depagne, Eric Haberreiter, Margit Hekker, Saskia Hilton, James Kopp, Greg Kostov, Veselin Kurtz, Donald W. Laskar, Jacques Mason, Brian D. Milone, Eugene F. Montgomery, Michele Richards, Mercedes Schmutz, Werner Schou, Jesper Stewart, Susan G. TI NOMINAL VALUES FOR SELECTED SOLAR AND PLANETARY QUANTITIES: IAU 2015 RESOLUTION B3 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: fundamental parameters; standards; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: general; Sun: fundamental parameters ID STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS MESA; STARS; CONSTANTS; MODULES; PARAMETERS; ACCURACY; BINARIES; SET AB In this brief communication we provide the rationale for. and the outcome of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) resolution vote at the XXIXth General Assembly in Honolulu, Hawaii, in 2015, on recommended nominal conversion constants for selected solar and planetary properties. The problem addressed by the resolution is a lack of established conversion constants between solar and planetary values and SI units: a missing standard has caused a proliferation of solar values (e.g., solar radius, solar irradiance, solar luminosity, solar effective temperature, and solar mass parameter) in the literature, with cited solar values typically based on best estimates at the time of paper writing. As precision of observations increases, a set of consistent values becomes increasingly important. To address this, an IAU Working Group on Nominal Units for Stellar and Planetary Astronomy formed in 2011, uniting experts from the solar, stellar, planetary, exoplanetary, and fundamental astronomy, as well as from general standards. fields to converge on optimal values for nominal conversion constants. The effort resulted in the IAU 2015 Resolution B3, passed at the IAU General Assembly by a large majority. The resolution recommends the use of nominal solar and planetary values, which are by definition exact and are expressed in SI units. These nominal values should be understood as conversion factors only, not as the true solar/planetary properties or current best estimates. Authors and journal editors are urged to join in using the standard values set forth by this resolution in future work and publications to help minimize further confusion. C1 [Prsa, Andrej] Villanova Univ, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 800 Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Harmanec, Petr] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Astron Inst, V Holesovickach 2, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mamajek, Eric] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Asplund, Martin] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Capitaine, Nicole] Univ Paris 04, PSL Res Univ, Observ Paris, SYRTE,CNRS,UPMC,LNE, 61 Ave Observ, F-75014 Paris, France. [Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Depagne, Eric] South African Astron Observ, POB 9 Observ, Cape Town, South Africa. [Depagne, Eric] Southern African Large Telescope, POB 9 Observ, Cape Town, South Africa. [Haberreiter, Margit; Schmutz, Werner] World Radiat Ctr, Phys Meteorol Observ Davos, Dorfstr 33, Davos, Switzerland. [Hekker, Saskia] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Hekker, Saskia] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Hilton, James; Mason, Brian D.; Stewart, Susan G.] US Naval Observ, 3450 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20392 USA. [Kopp, Greg] Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 1234 Innovat Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Kostov, Veselin] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kurtz, Donald W.] Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England. [Laskar, Jacques] UPMC, Observ Paris, CNRS, ASD IMCCE,PSL,UMR8028, 77 Ave Denfert Rochereau, F-75014 Paris, France. [Milone, Eugene F.] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Montgomery, Michele] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Richards, Mercedes] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schou, Jesper] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Justus von Liebig Weg 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. RP Prsa, A (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 800 Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. RI Schmutz, Werner/B-4153-2014; OI Schmutz, Werner/0000-0003-1159-5639; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen/0000-0001-5137-0966 FU Villanova University; Czech Science Foundation [P209/10/0715, GA15-02112S]; NSF [AST-1509375]; NSF AST award [1313029]; NASA's NExSS program; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]; European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ERC [338251]; European Community [313188] FX We kindly acknowledge discussions with Philip Bennett, Wolfgang Finsterle, William Folkner, and Hugh Hudson. We further acknowledge remarkable work by Dr. Allen, Dr. Cox, and collaborators on "Astrophysical Quantities." A.P. acknowledges support by Villanova University's Summer Fellowship grant. The research of P.H. was supported by grants P209/10/0715 and GA15-02112S of the Czech Science Foundation. G. T. acknowledges partial support from NSF award AST-1509375. E.M. acknowledges support from NSF AST award 1313029 and NASA's NExSS program. J.C.-D. acknowledges funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre that is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (Grant DNRF106). S.H. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 338251 (StellarAges). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no. 313188 (SOLID, http://projects.pmodwrc.ch/solid/). NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 152 IS 2 AR 41 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/41 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT9KG UT WOS:000381817500014 ER PT J AU Smith, GH Dupree, AK Gunther, HM AF Smith, Graeme H. Dupree, Andrea K. Gunther, Hans Moritz TI A SEARCH FOR CORONAL ACTIVITY AMONG TWO METAL-POOR SUBDWARFS AND ONE SUBGIANT SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: coronae; stars: individual (HD 19445, HD 25329, HD 140283); stars: Population II ID X-RAY-EMISSION; ACTIVITY-ROTATION RELATIONSHIP; PHOTON IMAGING CAMERA; SOLAR-LIKE STARS; STELLAR ACTIVITY; XMM-NEWTON; MAIN-SEQUENCE; HELIUM; LINE; PARALLAXES AB A search has been made using the XMM-Newton satellite for coronal soft X-ray emission from HD 19445, HD 25329, and HD 140283, three Population II stars in the Galactic halo having metallicities of [Fe/H] similar to -2. The program stars, consisting of two subdwarfs and one metal-poor subgiant, were pre-selected from ground-based observations to have He I lambda 10830 absorption lines with an equivalent width (EW) of 30 m angstrom. If such stars follow a relation between He I EW and soft X-ray flux applicable to Population I dwarf stars, then they would be expected to have X-ray luminosities similar to 5 x 10(-7) times their bolometric luminosity, and as such would yield detectable sources in 20 ks exposures with the XMM-Newton EPIC-PN and MOS cameras. No detections were found in such exposures made with XMM-Newton. Upper limits to soft X-ray emission from the two program stars that have effective temperatures most similar to that of the Sun, namely HD 19445 and HD 140283, are comparable to the level of the quiet Sun. The star HD. 25329, a cooler subdwarf, exhibits an upper limit similar to the Sun at maximum activity. These measurements suggest that coronal activity appears to decrease with age among the oldest G dwarfs, but K-M subdwarfs possibly have maintained a solar-like level of activity. C1 [Smith, Graeme H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Lick Observ, Univ Calif Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Dupree, Andrea K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gunther, Hans Moritz] MIT, MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Smith, GH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Lick Observ, Univ Calif Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM graeme@ucolick.org; dupree@cfa.harvard.edu; hgunther@mit.edu OI Dupree, Andrea/0000-0002-8985-8489 FU NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) [SV3-73016]; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX Support for H.M.G. was provided by NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) contract SV3-73016 to MIT for Support of the Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC) and Science Instruments. CXC is operated by SAO for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. We thank the referee for helpful comments. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 152 IS 2 AR 43 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/43 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT9KG UT WOS:000381817500016 ER PT J AU Suresh, A Dunham, MM Arce, HG Evans, NJ Bourke, TL Merello, M Wu, JW AF Suresh, Akshaya Dunham, Michael M. Arce, Hector G. Evans, Neal J., II Bourke, Tyler L. Merello, Manuel Wu, Jingwen TI A CATALOG OF LOW-MASS STAR-FORMING CORES OBSERVED WITH SHARC-II AT 350 mu m SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; stars: formation; stars: low-mass; submillimeter: ISM ID SPITZER C2D SURVEY; NEARBY DENSE CORES; PERSEUS MOLECULAR CLOUD; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS; LOW-LUMINOSITY OBJECT; 1ST HYDROSTATIC CORE; GOULD BELT SURVEY; LEGACY CLOUDS; AQUILA RIFT AB We present a catalog of low-mass dense cores observed with the SHARC-II instrument at 350 mu m. Our observations have an effective angular resolution of 10 '', approximately 2.5 times higher than observations at the same wavelength obtained with the Herschel Space Observatory, albeit with lower sensitivity, especially to extended emission. The catalog includes 81 maps covering a total of 164 detected sources. For each detected source, we tabulate basic source properties including position, peak intensity, flux density in fixed apertures, and radius. We examine the uncertainties in the pointing model applied to all SHARC-II data and conservatively find that the model corrections are good to within similar to 3 '', approximately 1/3 of the SHARC-II beam. We examine the differences between two array scan modes and find that the instrument calibration, beam size, and beam shape are similar between the two modes. We also show that the same flux densities are measured when sources are observed in the two different modes, indicating that there are no systematic effects introduced into our catalog by utilizing two different scan patterns during the course of taking observations. We find a detection rate of 95% for protostellar cores but only 45% for starless cores, and demonstrate the existence of a SHARC-II detection bias against all but the most massive and compact starless cores. Finally, we discuss the improvements in protostellar classification enabled by these 350 mu m observations. C1 [Suresh, Akshaya; Arce, Hector G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, POB 208101, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Dunham, Michael M.; Bourke, Tyler L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Evans, Neal J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bourke, Tyler L.] Jodrell Bank Observ, SKA Org, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. [Merello, Manuel] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali INAF, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Wu, Jingwen] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Dunham, MM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mdunham@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF [AST-1109116]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Submillimeter Array as an SMA postdoctoral fellow; NASA ADAP grant [NNX13AE54G]; National Science Foundation [AST-0838261] FX We thank the referee for helpful comments that have improved the quality of this publication. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance provided by the staff of the CSO in obtaining the observations presented here. We also acknowledge the numerous students and postdocs from the University of Texas at Austin who participated in observing runs over the years, and we thank Darren Dowell and Attila Kovacs for technical assistance with SHARC-II and CRUSH. Finally, we express our profound gratitude to everybody who played a role in the construction, commissioning, and operation of the CSO over its three decades of operation. This work is based on data obtained with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO), which was operated by the California Institute of Technology under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-0838261). This publication makes use of data products from the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. These data were provided by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Abstract Service, the IDL Astronomy Library hosted by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, and the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. MMD acknowledges support from the Submillimeter Array as an SMA postdoctoral fellow, and from NASA ADAP grant NNX13AE54G. NJE acknowledges support from NSF Grant AST-1109116 to the University of Texas at Austin. NR 106 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 152 IS 2 AR 36 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/36 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT9KG UT WOS:000381817500009 ER PT J AU Black, BA Manga, M Andrews, B AF Black, Benjamin A. Manga, Michael Andrews, Benjamin TI Ash production and dispersal from sustained low-intensity Mono-Inyo eruptions SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mono-Inyo eruptions; Rhyolitic volcanism; Ash venting; X-ray computed tomography; Ash3d ID LONG VALLEY CALDERA; VOLCANIC ASH; BISHOP TUFF; HAZARD ASSESSMENT; CHAITEN VOLCANO; TEPHRA FALLOUT; CALIFORNIA; CRATERS; CHILE; AGGREGATION AB Recent rhyolitic volcanism has demonstrated that prolonged low-intensity ash venting may accompany effusive dome formation. We examine the possibility and some consequences of episodes of extended, weak ash venting at the rhyolitic Mono-Inyo chain in Eastern California. We describe ash-filled cracks within one of the youngest domes, Panum Crater, which provide a textural record of ash venting during dome effusion. We use synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography to characterize the particles in these tuffisites. Particle sizes in well-sorted tuffisite layers agree well with grain size distributions observed during weak ash venting at Soufricre Hills Volcano, Montserrat, and yield approximate upper and lower bounds on gas velocity and mass flux during the formation of those layers. We simulate ash dispersal with Ash3d to assess the consequences of long-lived Mono-Inyo ash venting for ash deposition and the accompanying volcanic hazards. Our results highlight the sensitivity of large-scale outcomes of volcanic eruptions to small-scale processes. C1 [Black, Benjamin A.; Manga, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Black, Benjamin A.] CUNY City Coll, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Andrews, Benjamin] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Black, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Black, BA (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM bblack@ccny.cuny.edu FU National Science Foundation Hazards SEES grant [EAR 1521855] FX BAB and MM acknowledge support from National Science Foundation Hazards SEES grant EAR 1521855. The authors are indebted to Larry Mastin and Hans Schwaiger for their generous assistance with the Ash3d model and to the reviewers and the Associate Editor for their constructive comments. SNARL provided housing during field work. The XRCT analyses were conducted at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Beamline scientist Dula Parkinson provided essential advice and technical assistance. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0258-8900 EI 1432-0819 J9 B VOLCANOL JI Bull. Volcanol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 78 IS 8 AR 57 DI 10.1007/s00445-016-1053-0 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DU2BM UT WOS:000382015800005 ER PT J AU Wang, MX Carver, JJ Phelan, VV Sanchez, LM Garg, N Peng, Y Nguyen, DD Watrous, J Kapono, CA Luzzatto-Knaan, T Porto, C Bouslimani, A Melnik, AV Meehan, MJ Liu, WT Criisemann, M Boudreau, PD Esquenazi, E Sandoval-Calderon, M Kersten, RD Pace, LA Quinn, RA Duncan, KR Hsu, CC Floros, DJ Gavilan, RG Kleigrewe, K Northen, T Dutton, RJ Parrot, D Carlson, EE Aigle, B Michelsen, CF Jelsbak, L Sohlenkamp, C Pevzner, P Edlund, A McLean, J Piel, J Murphy, BT Gerwick, L Liaw, CC Yang, YL Humpf, HU Maansson, M Keyzers, RA Sims, AC Johnson, AR Sidebottom, AM Sedio, BE Klitgaard, A Larson, CB Boya, CA Torres-Mendoza, D Gonzalez, DJ Silva, DB Marques, LM Demarque, DP Pociute, E O'Neill, EC Briand, E Helfrich, EJN Granatosky, EA Glukhov, E Ryffel, F Houson, H Mohimani, H Kharbush, JJ Zeng, Y Vorholt, JA Kurita, KL Charusanti, P McPhail, KL Nielsen, KF Vuong, L Elfeki, M Traxler, MF Engene, N Koyama, N Vining, OB Baric, R Silva, RR Mascuch, SJ Tomasi, S Jenkins, S Macherla, V Hoffman, T Agarwal, V Williams, PG Dai, JQ Neupane, R Gurr, J Rodriguez, AMC Lamsa, A Zhang, C Dorrestein, K Duggan, BM Almaliti, J Allard, PM Phapale, P Nothias, LF Alexandrovr, T Litaudon, M Wolfender, JL Kyle, JE Metz, TO Peryea, T Nguyen, DT VanLeer, D Shinn, P Jadhav, A Muller, R Waters, KM Shi, WY Liu, XT Zhang, LX Knight, R Jensen, PR Palsson, BO Pogliano, K Linington, RG Gutierrez, M Lopes, NP Gerwick, WH Moore, BS Dorrestein, PC Bandeira, N AF Wang, Mingxun Carver, Jeremy J. Phelan, Vanessa V. Sanchez, Laura M. Garg, Neha Peng, Yao Don Duy Nguyen Watrous, Jeramie Kapono, Clifford A. Luzzatto-Knaan, Tal Porto, Carla Bouslimani, Amina Melnik, Alexey V. Meehan, Michael J. Liu, Wei -Ting Criisemann, Max Boudreau, Paul D. Esquenazi, Eduardo Sandoval-Calderon, Mario Kersten, Roland D. Pace, Laura A. Quinn, Robert A. Duncan, Katherine R. Hsu, Cheng-Chih Floros, Dimitrios J. Gavilan, Ronnie G. Kleigrewe, Karin Northen, Trent Dutton, Rachel J. Parrot, Delphine Carlson, Erin E. Aigle, Bertrand Michelsen, Charlotte F. Jelsbak, Lars Sohlenkamp, Christian Pevzner, Pavel Edlund, Anna McLean, Jeffrey Piel, Jorn Murphy, Brian T. Gerwick, Lena Liaw, Chih-Chuang Yang, Yu-Liang Humpf, Hans-Ulrich Maansson, Maria Keyzers, Robert A. Sims, Amy C. Johnson, Andrew R. Sidebottom, Ashley M. Sedio, Brian E. Klitgaard, Andreas Larson, Charles B. Boya P, Cristopher A. Torres-Mendoza, Daniel Gonzalez, David J. Silva, Denise B. Marques, Lucas M. Demarque, Daniel P. Pociute, Egle O'Neill, Ellis C. Briand, Enora Helfrich, Eric J. N. Granatosky, Eve A. Glukhov, Evgenia Ryffel, Florian Houson, Hailey Mohimani, Hosein Kharbush, Jenan J. Zeng, Yi Vorholt, Julia A. Kurita, Kenji L. Charusanti, Pep McPhail, Kerry L. Nielsen, Kristian Fog Vuong, Lisa Elfeki, Maryam Traxler, Matthew F. Engene, Niclas Koyama, Nobuhiro Vining, Oliver B. Baric, Ralph Silva, Ricardo R. Mascuch, Samantha J. Tomasi, Sophie Jenkins, Stefan Macherla, Venkat Hoffman, Thomas Agarwal, Vinayak Williams, Philip G. Dai, Jingqui Neupane, Ram Gurr, Joshua Rodriguez, Andres M. C. Lamsa, Anne Zhang, Chen Dorrestein, Kathleen Duggan, Brendan M. Almaliti, Jehad Allard, Pierre-Marie Phapale, Prasad Nothias, Louis-Felix Alexandrovr, Theodore Litaudon, Marc Wolfender, Jean-Luc Kyle, Jennifer E. Metz, Thomas O. Peryea, Tyler Dac-Trung Nguyen VanLeer, Danielle Shinn, Paul Jadhav, Ajit Muller, Rolf Waters, Katrina M. Shi, Wenyuan Liu, Xueting Zhang, Lixin Knight, Rob Jensen, Paul R. Palsson, Bernhard O. Pogliano, Kit Linington, Roger G. Gutierrez, Marcelino Lopes, Norberto P. Gerwick, William H. Moore, Bradley S. Dorrestein, Pieter C. Bandeira, Nuno TI Sharing and community curation of mass spectrometry data with Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL DATABASE; GENE-CLUSTER; GENOME; DEREPLICATION; METABOLOMICS; IDENTIFICATION; TECHNOLOGIES; REPOSITORY; DISCOVERY; RESOURCE AB The potential of the diverse chemistries present in natural products (NP) for biotechnology and medicine remains untapped because NP databases are not searchable with raw data and the NP community has no way to share data other than in published papers. Although mass spectrometry (MS) techniques are well-suited to high-throughput characterization of NP, there is a pressing need for an infrastructure to enable sharing and curation of data. We present Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS; http://gnps.ucsd.edu), an open-access knowledge base for community-wide organization and sharing of raw, processed or identified tandem mass (MS/MS) spectrometry data. In GNPS, crowdsourced curation of freely available community-wide reference MS libraries will underpin improved annotations. Data-driven social-networking should facilitate identification of spectra and foster collaborations. We also introduce the concept of 'living data' through continuous reanalysis of deposited data. C1 [Wang, Mingxun; Carver, Jeremy J.; Pevzner, Pavel] Univ Calif San Diego, Comp Sci & Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Wang, Mingxun; Carver, Jeremy J.; Pevzner, Pavel; Mohimani, Hosein; Bandeira, Nuno] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Computat Mass Spectrometry, La Jolla, CA USA. [Phelan, Vanessa V.; Sanchez, Laura M.; Garg, Neha; Watrous, Jeramie; Luzzatto-Knaan, Tal; Porto, Carla; Bouslimani, Amina; Melnik, Alexey V.; Meehan, Michael J.; Pace, Laura A.; Gonzalez, David J.; Koyama, Nobuhiro; Dorrestein, Kathleen; Duggan, Brendan M.; Almaliti, Jehad; Gerwick, William H.; Moore, Bradley S.; Dorrestein, Pieter C.; Bandeira, Nuno] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Collaborat Mass Spectrometry Innovat Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. [Peng, Yao; Don Duy Nguyen; Kapono, Clifford A.; Hsu, Cheng-Chih; Floros, Dimitrios J.; Zeng, Yi] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA USA. [Liu, Wei -Ting] Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Criisemann, Max; Boudreau, Paul D.; Duncan, Katherine R.; Kleigrewe, Karin; Gerwick, Lena; Larson, Charles B.; O'Neill, Ellis C.; Briand, Enora; Glukhov, Evgenia; Kharbush, Jenan J.; Mascuch, Samantha J.; Jensen, Paul R.; Gerwick, William H.; Moore, Bradley S.; Dorrestein, Pieter C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA USA. [Esquenazi, Eduardo; Pociute, Egle; Houson, Hailey; Vuong, Lisa; Macherla, Venkat] Sirenas Marine Discovery, San Diego, CA USA. [Sandoval-Calderon, Mario; Sohlenkamp, Christian] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Genom, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Kersten, Roland D.] Salk Inst Biol Studies, La Jolla, CA USA. [Quinn, Robert A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Duncan, Katherine R.] Scottish Marine Inst, Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban, Argyll, Scotland. [Gavilan, Ronnie G.; Sedio, Brian E.; Boya P, Cristopher A.; Torres-Mendoza, Daniel; Gutierrez, Marcelino] INDICASAT, Ctr Drug Discovery & Biodivers, City Of Knowledge, Panama. [Northen, Trent; Jenkins, Stefan] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA USA. [Dutton, Rachel J.] Harvard, FAS Ctr Syst Biol, Cambridge, MA USA. [Parrot, Delphine; Tomasi, Sophie] Univ Rennes 1, Prod Nat Synth Chim Med, Rennes, France. [Carlson, Erin E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Aigle, Bertrand] Univ Lorraine, Dynam Genomes & Adaptat Microbienne, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Michelsen, Charlotte F.; Jelsbak, Lars; Maansson, Maria; Klitgaard, Andreas; Nielsen, Kristian Fog] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Syst Biol, Lyngby, Denmark. [Edlund, Anna] J Craig Venter Inst, Microbial & Environm Genom, La Jolla, CA USA. [Edlund, Anna; McLean, Jeffrey; Shi, Wenyuan] UC Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA USA. [McLean, Jeffrey] Univ Washington, Dept Periodont, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Piel, Jorn; Helfrich, Eric J. N.; Ryffel, Florian; Vorholt, Julia A.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Microbiol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Murphy, Brian T.; Elfeki, Maryam] Univ Illinois, Dept Med Chem & Pharmacognosy, Chicago, IL USA. [Liaw, Chih-Chuang] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Marine Biotechnol & Resources, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Yang, Yu-Liang] Acad Sinica, Agr Biotechnol Res Ctr, Taipei, Taiwan. [Humpf, Hans-Ulrich] Univ Munster, Inst Food Chem, Munster, Germany. [Keyzers, Robert A.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Keyzers, Robert A.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Ctr Biodiscovery, Wellington, New Zealand. [Sims, Amy C.; Baric, Ralph] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Johnson, Andrew R.; Sidebottom, Ashley M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN USA. [Sedio, Brian E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. [Larson, Charles B.; Gonzalez, David J.; Dorrestein, Pieter C.; Bandeira, Nuno] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, La Jolla, CA USA. [Silva, Denise B.; Marques, Lucas M.; Demarque, Daniel P.; Silva, Ricardo R.; Rodriguez, Andres M. C.; Lopes, Norberto P.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Pharmaceut Sci Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Silva, Denise B.] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, Campo Grande, Brazil. [Briand, Enora] Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, UMR 6553, ECOBIO, Rennes, France. [Granatosky, Eve A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Kurita, Kenji L.; Linington, Roger G.] UC Santa Cruz, PBSci Chem & Biochem Dept, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Charusanti, Pep; Palsson, Bernhard O.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Bioengn, La Jolla, CA USA. [McPhail, Kerry L.; Vining, Oliver B.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Traxler, Matthew F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA USA. [Engene, Niclas] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Hoffman, Thomas; Muller, Rolf] Helmholtz Inst Pharmaceut Res Saarland, Dept Pharmaceut Biotechnol, Saarbrucken, Germany. [Agarwal, Vinayak; Moore, Bradley S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Oceans & Human Hlth, La Jolla, CA USA. [Williams, Philip G.; Dai, Jingqui; Neupane, Ram; Gurr, Joshua] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Lamsa, Anne; Pogliano, Kit] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, La Jolla, CA USA. [Zhang, Chen] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Nanoengn, La Jolla, CA USA. [Allard, Pierre-Marie; Wolfender, Jean-Luc] Univ Geneva, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Geneva, Switzerland. [Phapale, Prasad; Alexandrovr, Theodore] European Mol Biol Lab, Struct & Computat Biol, Heidelberg, Germany. [Nothias, Louis-Felix; Litaudon, Marc] Univ Paris Saclay, Labex CEBA, ICSN, CNRS,UPR 2301, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Kyle, Jennifer E.; Metz, Thomas O.; Waters, Katrina M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Peryea, Tyler; Dac-Trung Nguyen; VanLeer, Danielle; Shinn, Paul; Jadhav, Ajit] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Rockville, MD USA. [Liu, Xueting] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Knight, Rob] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Bandeira, N (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Computat Mass Spectrometry, La Jolla, CA USA.; Dorrestein, PC; Bandeira, N (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Collaborat Mass Spectrometry Innovat Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.; Dorrestein, PC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA USA.; Dorrestein, PC; Bandeira, N (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, La Jolla, CA USA. EM pdorrestein@ucsd.edu; bandeira@ucsd.edu RI Nielsen, Kristian/C-7233-2011; Vorholt, Julia/K-3514-2016; Porto, Carla/D-6888-2013; Demarque, Daniel/K-7325-2014; Briand, Enora/P-6074-2016; almaliti, jehad/R-7507-2016; Muller, Rolf/B-1559-2008; O'Neill, Ellis/N-3805-2014; OI Torres-Mendoza, Daniel/0000-0002-3540-4238; Nielsen, Kristian/0000-0002-5848-0911; Duncan, Katherine R./0000-0002-3670-4849; Klitgaard, Andreas/0000-0002-2533-570X; Porto, Carla/0000-0001-8331-2760; Demarque, Daniel/0000-0002-3576-5148; Briand, Enora/0000-0001-8996-0072; almaliti, jehad/0000-0002-3562-0846; Muller, Rolf/0000-0002-1042-5665; O'Neill, Ellis/0000-0002-5941-2806; Phelan, Vanessa/0000-0001-7156-9294; Northen, Trent/0000-0001-8404-3259; Keyzers, Rob/0000-0002-7658-7421; PHAPALE, PRASAD/0000-0002-9487-597X FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5P41GM103484-07, GM094802, AI095125, GM097509, S10RR029121, UL1RR031980, GM085770, U01TW0007401, U01AI12316-01]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH; Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200800060C]; NIH [K01 GM103809, T32 GM075762, K99DE024543, 1F32GM089044, 5R21AI085540, U01TW006634-06]; NIH IRACDA [K12 GM068524]; United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund Vaadia-BARD [FI-494-13]; Science without Borders Program from CNPq; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2014/01651-8, 2012/18031-7]; German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (D.F.G.); Marie Curie IOF Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Program (FP7-PEOPLE-IOF) [301244-CYANOMIC]; Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan [MOST103-2628-B-110-001-MY3]; Novo Nordisk Foundation; National Program on Key Basic Research Project [2013BC734000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [81102369, 31125002]; INSA grant, Rennes; FAPESP [2012/18031-7, 2014/01884-2, 2014/18052-0, 2013/16496-5, 2014/50265-3]; CAPES/PNPD; CNPq-INCT_if; Notre Dame Chemistry-Biochemistry-Biology Interface (CBBI) program; National Institutes of Health [1R01DE023810-01, 1R01GM095373]; Villum Foundation [VKR023113]; Augustinus Foundation [13-4656]; Aase & Ejnar Danielsens Foundation [10-001120]; UC MEXUS-CONACYT Collaborative Grant [CN-12-552]; NSF [DEB 1010816]; Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Award; DFG (Forschergruppe 854); SNF [IZLSZ3_149025]; Danish Council for Independent Research, Technology, and Production Sciences [09-064967]; Agilent Thought Leader Program; NIH/NIAID [U19-AI106772]; Department of Defense [W81XWH-13-1-0171]; Oregon Sea Grant [NA10OAR4170059/R/BT-48]; NSF; Research Corporation for Science Advancement (Cottrell Scholar Award); Indiana University Quantitative Chemical Biology trainee fellowship; Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Science; Sapere Aude [116262]; FNS [200020_146200]; [CNPq-PQ 480 306385/2011-2] FX This work was partially supported by US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants 5P41GM103484-07, GM094802, AI095125, GM097509, S10RR029121, UL1RR031980, GM085770, U01TW0007401, and U01AI12316-01; N.B. was also partially supported as an Alfred P. Sloan Fellow. In addition, this work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, and the Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract Number HHSN272200800060C. V.V.P. is supported by the NIH grant K01 GM103809. L.M.S. is supported by NIH IRACDA K12 GM068524 award. T.L.-K. is supported by the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund Vaadia-BARD No. FI-494-13. C.P. is supported by Science without Borders Program from CNPq. A.M.C.R. is supported by Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) grant#2014/01651-8, 2012/18031-7. K.K. was supported by a fellowship within the Postdoc-Programme of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). M.C. was supported by a Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (D.F.G.) postdoctoral fellowship. E.B. is supported by a Marie Curie IOF Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Program (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF, grant number 301244-CYANOMIC). C.-C.L. was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST103-2628-B-110-001-MY3). P.C. and B.O.P. were supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation. Lixin Zhang and Xueting Liu are supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project (2013BC734000) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81102369 and 31125002). D.P. is supported by an INSA grant, Rennes. R.R.S. is supported by FAPESP grant#2014/01884-2. D.P.D. is supported by FAPESP grant#2014/18052-0. L.M.M. is supported by FAPESP grant#2013/16496-5. D.B.S. is supported by FAPESP grant#2012/18031-7. N.P.L. is supported by FAPESP(2014/50265-3), CAPES/PNPD, CNPq-PQ 480 306385/2011-2, and CNPq-INCT_if. E.A.G. is supported by the Notre Dame Chemistry-Biochemistry-Biology Interface (CBBI) program and NIH T32 GM075762. W.S. and J.S.M. are supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health 1R01DE023810-01 and 1R01GM095373. A.E. is supported by a grant from the NIH K99DE024543. C.F.M. and L.J. are supported by the Villum Foundation VKR023113, the Augustinus Foundation 13-4656, and the Aase & Ejnar Danielsens Foundation 10-001120. M.S.-C. was supported by UC MEXUS-CONACYT Collaborative Grant CN-12-552. M.F.T. was supported by NIH grant 1F32GM089044. Contributions by B.E.S. were supported by NSF grant DEB 1010816 and a Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Award. E.J.N.H. and J.P. are supported by the DFG (Forschergruppe 854) and by SNF grant IZLSZ3_149025. K.F.N. and A.K. are supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research, Technology, and Production Sciences (09-064967) and the Agilent Thought Leader Program. A.C.S. and R.S.B. were supported by NIH/NIAID U19-AI106772. B.T.M. and M.E. were supported under Department of Defense grant #W81XWH-13-1-0171. Contributions by O.B.V. and K.L.M. were supported by Oregon Sea Grant NA10OAR4170059/R/BT-48, NIH 5R21AI085540, and U01TW006634-06. E.E.C., A.M.S., and A.R.J. were supported by an NSF CAREER Award, a Pew Biomedical Scholar Award (E.E.C.), a Sloan Research Fellow Award (E.E.C.), the Research Corporation for Science Advancement (Cottrell Scholar Award; E.E.C.) and an Indiana University Quantitative Chemical Biology trainee fellowship (A.R.J.). M.M. was supported by the Danish Research Council for Technology and Production Science with Sapere Aude (116262). P.-M. A.; was supported by FNS for fellowship on Subside (200020_146200). We thank V. Paul, R. Taylor, L. Aluwihare, F. Rohwer, B. Pullman, J. Fang, M. Overgaard, M. Katze, R.D. Smith, S.K. Mazmanian, W. Fenical, E. Macagno, X. He, and C. Neubauer for feedback and support for their laboratory personnel to contribute to the work. We thank B. Gust and co-workers at the University of Tuebingen for assisting us to obtain Streptomyces sp. DSM5940. NR 54 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 41 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 EI 1546-1696 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 34 IS 8 BP 828 EP 837 DI 10.1038/nbt.3597 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA DT2VJ UT WOS:000381339600019 PM 27504778 ER PT J AU Cowperthwaite, PS Berger, E Soares-Santos, M Annis, J Brout, D Brown, DA Buckley-Geer, E Cenko, SB Chen, HY Chornock, R Diehl, HT Doctor, Z Drlica-Wagner, A Drout, MR Farr, B Finley, DA Foley, RJ Fong, W Fox, DB Frieman, J Garcia-Bellido, J Gill, MSS Gruendl, RA Herner, K Holz, DE Kasen, D Kessler, R Lin, H Margutti, R Marriner, J Matheson, T Metzger, BD Neilsen, EH Quataert, E Rest, A Sako, M Scolnic, D Smith, N Sobreira, F Strampelli, GM Villar, VA Walker, AR Wester, W Williams, PKG Yanny, B Abbott, TMC Abdalla, FB Allam, S Armstrong, R Bechtol, K Benoit-Levy, A Bertin, E Brooks, D Burke, DL Rosell, AC Kind, MC Carretero, J Castander, FJ Cunha, CE D'Andrea, CB da Costa, LN Desai, S Dietrich, JP Evrard, AE Neto, AF Fosalba, P Gerdes, DW Giannantonio, T Goldstein, DA Gruen, D Gutierrez, G Honscheid, K James, DJ Johnson, MWG Johnson, MD Krause, E Kuehn, K Kuropatkin, N Lima, M Maia, MAG Marshall, JL Menanteau, F Miquel, R Mohr, JJ Nichol, RC Nord, B Ogando, R Plazas, AA Reil, K Romer, AK Sanchez, E Scarpine, V Sevilla-Noarbe, I Smith, RC Suchyta, E Tarle, G Thomas, D Thomas, RC Tucker, DL Weller, J AF Cowperthwaite, P. S. Berger, E. Soares-Santos, M. Annis, J. Brout, D. Brown, D. A. Buckley-Geer, E. Cenko, S. B. Chen, H. Y. Chornock, R. Diehl, H. T. Doctor, Z. Drlica-Wagner, A. Drout, M. R. Farr, B. Finley, D. A. Foley, R. J. Fong, W. Fox, D. B. Frieman, J. Garcia-Bellido, J. Gill, M. S. S. Gruendl, R. A. Herner, K. Holz, D. E. Kasen, D. Kessler, R. Lin, H. Margutti, R. Marriner, J. Matheson, T. Metzger, B. D. Neilsen, E. H., Jr. Quataert, E. Rest, A. Sako, M. Scolnic, D. Smith, N. Sobreira, F. Strampelli, G. M. Villar, V. A. Walker, A. R. Wester, W. Williams, P. K. G. Yanny, B. Abbott, T. M. C. Abdalla, F. B. Allam, S. Armstrong, R. Bechtol, K. Benoit-Levy, A. Bertin, E. Brooks, D. Burke, D. L. Carnero Rosell, A. Kind, M. Carrasco Carretero, J. Castander, F. J. Cunha, C. E. D'Andrea, C. B. da Costa, L. N. Desai, S. Dietrich, J. P. Evrard, A. E. Fausti Neto, A. Fosalba, P. Gerdes, D. W. Giannantonio, T. Goldstein, D. A. Gruen, D. Gutierrez, G. Honscheid, K. James, D. J. Johnson, M. W. G. Johnson, M. D. Krause, E. Kuehn, K. Kuropatkin, N. Lima, M. Maia, M. A. G. Marshall, J. L. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J. J. Nichol, R. C. Nord, B. Ogando, R. Plazas, A. A. Reil, K. Romer, A. K. Sanchez, E. Scarpine, V. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Smith, R. C. Suchyta, E. Tarle, G. Thomas, D. Thomas, R. C. Tucker, D. L. Weller, J. CA DES Collaboration TI A DECAM SEARCH FOR AN OPTICAL COUNTERPART TO THE LIGO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE EVENT GW151226 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; catalogs; gravitational waves; stars: neutron; surveys ID ENERGY CAMERA SEARCH; FOLLOW-UP; SUPERNOVA RATES; IA SUPERNOVAE; GW150914; CURVES; PHOTOMETRY; PAN-STARRS1; AFTERGLOWS; LMC AB We report the results of a Dark Energy Camera optical follow-up of the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW151226, discovered by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory detectors. Our observations cover 28.8 deg(2) of the localization region in the i and z bands (containing 3% of the BAYESTAR localization probability), starting 10 hr after the event was announced and spanning four epochs at 2-24 days after the GW detection. We achieve 5 sigma point-source limiting magnitudes of i approximate to 21.7 and z approximate to 21.5, with a scatter of 0.4 mag, in our difference images. Given the two-day delay, we search this area for a rapidly declining optical counterpart with greater than or similar to 3 sigma significance steady decline between the first and final observations. We recover four sources that pass our selection criteria, of which three are cataloged active galactic nuclei. The fourth source is offset by 5.8 arcsec from the center of a galaxy at a distance of 187 Mpc, exhibits a rapid decline by 0.5 mag over 4 days, and has a red color of i - z approximate to 0.3 mag. These properties could satisfy a set of cuts designed to identify kilonovae. However, this source was detected several times, starting 94 days prior to GW151226, in the Pan-STARRS Survey for Transients (dubbed as PS15cdi) and is therefore unrelated to the GW event. Given its long-term behavior, PS15cdi is likely a Type IIP supernova that transitioned out of its plateau phase during our observations, mimicking a kilonova-like behavior. We comment on the implications of this detection for contamination in future optical follow-up observations. C1 [Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Berger, E.; Drout, M. R.; Villar, V. A.; Williams, P. K. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Soares-Santos, M.; Annis, J.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Diehl, H. T.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Finley, D. A.; Frieman, J.; Herner, K.; Lin, H.; Marriner, J.; Neilsen, E. H., Jr.; Wester, W.; Yanny, B.; Allam, S.; Gutierrez, G.; Kuropatkin, N.; Nord, B.; Scarpine, V.; Tucker, D. L.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Brout, D.; Sako, M.; Suchyta, E.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Brown, D. A.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Cenko, S. B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cenko, S. B.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chen, H. Y.; Doctor, Z.; Frieman, J.; Kessler, R.; Scolnic, D.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chornock, R.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Clippinger Lab 251B, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Farr, B.; Holz, D. E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Farr, B.; Holz, D. E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Foley, R. J.; Gruendl, R. A.; Kind, M. Carrasco; Menanteau, F.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Fong, W.; Smith, N.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Fox, D. B.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Gravitat Wave & Particle Astrophys, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fox, D. B.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Theoret & Observat Cosmol, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Garcia-Bellido, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, Inst Fis Teor UAM, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Burke, D. L.; Cunha, C. E.; Gruen, D.; Krause, E.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, POB 2450, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gill, M. S. S.; Burke, D. L.; Gruen, D.; Reil, K.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Gruendl, R. A.; Kind, M. Carrasco; Johnson, M. W. G.; Johnson, M. D.; Menanteau, F.] Natl Ctr Supercomputing Applicat, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kasen, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Kasen, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Kasen, D.; Goldstein, D. A.; Thomas, R. C.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Margutti, R.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Matheson, T.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Metzger, B. D.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, Pupin Hall, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Quataert, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Quataert, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Astrophys Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rest, A.; Strampelli, G. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Sobreira, F.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fundamental Res Inst Fis Teor, ICTP South Amer Inst, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Sobreira, F.; Carnero Rosell, A.; da Costa, L. N.; Fausti Neto, A.; Lima, M.] Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Walker, A. R.; Abbott, T. M. C.; Brooks, D.; James, D. J.; Smith, R. C.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Inter Amer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. [Benoit-Levy, A.; Carnero Rosell, A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Abdalla, F. B.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Armstrong, R.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bechtol, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Benoit-Levy, A.; Bertin, E.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Benoit-Levy, A.; Bertin, E.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Carnero Rosell, A.; da Costa, L. N.; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R.] Observ Nacl, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Carretero, J.; Castander, F. J.; Fosalba, P.] IEEC CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Carretero, J.; Miquel, R.] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [D'Andrea, C. B.; Nichol, R. C.; Thomas, D.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [D'Andrea, C. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Mohr, J. J.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Mohr, J. J.; Weller, J.] Excellence Cluster Universe, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Evrard, A. E.; Gerdes, D. W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Evrard, A. E.; Gerdes, D. W.; Suchyta, E.; Tarle, G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Giannantonio, T.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Giannantonio, T.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Goldstein, D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Honscheid, K.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kuehn, K.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. [Lima, M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Dept Fis Matemat, CP 66318, BR-05314970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Miquel, R.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Mohr, J. J.; Weller, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Plazas, A. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Romer, A. K.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Pevensey Bldg, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Sanchez, E.; Sevilla-Noarbe, I.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Weller, J.] Univ Munich, Univ Sternwarte, Fak Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. RP Cowperthwaite, PS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Cowperthwaite, PS (reprint author), Univ Munich, Univ Sternwarte, Fak Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. EM pcowpert@cfa.harvard.edu RI Lima, Marcos/E-8378-2010; Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; OI Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; Cowperthwaite, Philip/0000-0002-2478-6939; Garcia-Bellido, Juan/0000-0002-9370-8360; Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345; Sobreira, Flavia/0000-0002-7822-0658; Neilsen, Eric/0000-0002-7357-0317 FU NSF through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE1144152]; NSF [AST-1518052, AST-1138766]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; NSF CAREER [PHY-1151836]; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through NSF [PHY-1125897]; FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; DOE; NSF (USA); MEC/MICINN/MINECO (Spain); STFC (UK); HEFCE (UK); MINECO [AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986]; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; ERC under the EU's 7th Framework Programme [ERC 240672, 291329, 306478] FX P.S.C. is grateful for support provided by the NSF through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program, grant DGE1144152. R. J.F. gratefully acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1518052 and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. D.E.H. was supported by NSF CAREER grant PHY-1151836. He also acknowledges support from the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through NSF grant PHY-1125897 as well as an endowment from the Kavli Foundation.r This research uses services or data provided by the NOAO Science Archive. NOAO is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The computations in this Letter were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Light curve data for PS15cdi were obtained from The Open Supernova Catalog (Guillochon et al. 2016). Some of the results in this Letter have been derived using the HEALPix package (Gorski et al. 2005).r Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the DOE and NSF (USA), MEC/MICINN/MINECO (Spain), STFC (UK), HEFCE (UK). NCSA (UIUC), KICP (U. Chicago), CCAPP (Ohio State), MIFPA (Texas A&M), CNPQ, FAPERJ, FINEP (Brazil), DFG (Germany) and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey.r The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under grant number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the ERC under the EU's 7th Framework Programme including grants ERC 240672, 291329, and 306478. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR L29 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/826/2/L29 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT2TN UT WOS:000381334800013 ER PT J AU Rix, HW Ting, YS Conroy, C Hogg, DW AF Rix, Hans-Walter Ting, Yuan-Sen Conroy, Charlie Hogg, David W. TI CONSTRUCTING POLYNOMIAL SPECTRAL MODELS FOR STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; stars: abundances; stars: atmospheres; techniques: spectroscopic ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS; ABUNDANCES AB Stellar spectra depend on the stellar parameters and on dozens of photospheric elemental abundances. Simultaneous fitting of these N similar to 10-40 model labels to observed spectra has been deemed unfeasible because the number of ab initio spectral model grid calculations scales exponentially with N. We suggest instead the construction of a polynomial spectral model (PSM) of order. for the model flux at each wavelength. Building this approximation requires a minimum of only (N+O/O) calculations: e.g., a quadratic spectral model (O = 2) to fit N = 20 labels simultaneously can be constructed from as few as 231 ab initio spectral model calculations; in practice, a somewhat larger number (similar to 300-1000) of randomly chosen models lead to a better performing PSM. Such a PSM can be a good approximation only over a portion of label space, which will vary case-by-case. Yet, taking the APOGEE survey as an example, a single quadratic PSM provides a remarkably good approximation to the exact ab initio spectral models across much of this survey: for random labels within that survey the PSM approximates the flux to within 10(-3) and recovers the abundances to within similar to 0.02 dex rms of the exact models. This enormous speed-up enables the simultaneous many-label fitting of spectra with computationally expensive ab initio models for stellar spectra, such as non-LTE models. A PSM also enables the simultaneous fitting of observational parameters, such as the spectrum's continuum or line-spread function. C1 [Rix, Hans-Walter; Hogg, David W.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Ting, Yuan-Sen; Conroy, Charlie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hogg, David W.] Simons Ctr Data Anal, 160 Fifth Ave,7th Floor, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Hogg, David W.] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl,Room 424, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Hogg, David W.] NYU, Ctr Data Sci, 726 Broadway,7th Floor, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Rix, HW (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. OI Ting, Yuan-Sen/0000-0001-5082-9536; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403 FU NASA [NNX15AR83H, NNX13AI46G]; MPIA; DFG [SFB 881 (A3)]; NSF [AST-1313280]; Packard Foundation; ERC [321035]; FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University; National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575] FX Y.S.T. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX15AR83H and is grateful to the MPIA and the DFG through the SFB 881 (A3) for their hospitality and financial support. C.C. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AI46G, NSF grant AST-1313280, and the Packard Foundation. H.W.R.'s research contribution is supported by the ERC Grant Agreement No. [321035]. The computations in this Letter were partially run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University. The computational work also used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1053575. We thank Bob Kurucz for developing and maintaining programs and databases without which this work would not be possible. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 2 AR L25 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/826/2/L25 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DT2TN UT WOS:000381334800009 ER PT J AU Murphy, SJ Salpeter, K Comita, LS AF Murphy, Stephen J. Salpeter, Kara Comita, Liza S. TI Higher beta-diversity observed for herbs over woody plants is driven by stronger habitat filtering in a tropical understory SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barro Colorado Island; community assembly; environmental filtering; habitat association; lianas; null model; species richness; variance partitioning ID BARRO-COLORADO-ISLAND; AMAZONIAN RAIN-FOREST; SPECIES RICHNESS; NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; SCALE DISTRIBUTION; SEEDLING SURVIVAL; COMMUNITY; ASSOCIATIONS; DISPERSAL AB Herbaceous plants are a key component of tropical forests. Previous work indicates that herbs contribute substantially to the species richness of tropical plant communities. However, the processes structuring tropical herb diversity, and how they contrast with woody communities, have been underexplored. Within the understory of a 50-ha forest dynamics plot in central Panama, we compared the diversity, distribution, and abundance of vascular herbaceous plants with woody seedlings (i.e., tree and lianas < 1 cm DBH and >= 20 cm tall). Beta-diversity was calculated for each community using a null model approach. We then assessed the similarity in alpha and beta-diversity among herbs, tree seedlings, and liana seedlings. Strengths of habitat associations were measured using permutational ANOVA among topographic habitat-types. Variance partitioning was then used to quantify the amount of variation in species richness and composition explained by spatial and environmental variables (i.e., topography, soils, and shade) for each growth form. Species richness and diversity were highest for tree seedlings, followed by liana seedlings and then herbs. In contrast, beta-diversity was 16-127% higher for herbs compared to woody seedlings, indicating higher spatial variation in this stratum. We observed no correlation between local richness or compositional uniqueness of herbs and woody seedlings across sites, indicating that different processes control the spatial patterns of woody and herbaceous diversity and composition. Habitat associations were strongest for herbs, as indicated by greater compositional dissimilarity among habitat types. Likewise, environmental variables explained a larger proportion of the variation in species richness and composition for herbs than for woody seedlings (richness = 25%, 14%, 12%; composition = 25%, 9%, 6%, for herbs, trees, and lianas, respectively). These differences between strata did not appear to be due to differences in lifespan alone, based on data from adult trees. Our results point to contrasting assembly mechanisms for herbaceous and woody communities, with herbs showing stronger niche-derived structure. Future research on tropical herbaceous communities is likely to yield new insights into the many processes structuring diverse plant communities. C1 [Murphy, Stephen J.; Salpeter, Kara] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, 318 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Comita, Liza S.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Comita, Liza S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Murphy, SJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, 318 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM murphy.1132@osu.edu FU NSF [DEB-1242622, DEB-1464389]; Beatley Fund at The Ohio State University FX Funding was provided by NSF grants DEB-1242622 and DEB-1464389 to LSC and by the Beatley Fund at The Ohio State University to KES. We give special thanks to Rufino Gonzalez for identification of herbaceous species and to Salomon Aguilar and Rolando Perez for identification of woody seedlings. We thank Richard Condit for calculating the shade-index. We also thank Mitzila Gaitan, Roni Saenz, Luis Aguilar, Antonio Aguilar, Guillermo Aguilar, Osmar Agrazal, Nefertaris Daguerre, Antonio Puente and Irene Torres for censusing woody seedlings. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 21 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD AUG PY 2016 VL 97 IS 8 BP 2074 EP 2084 DI 10.1890/15-1801.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DS4KI UT WOS:000380749600019 PM 27859202 ER PT J AU Smotherman, M Knornschild, M Smarsh, G Bohn, K AF Smotherman, Michael Knoernschild, Mirjam Smarsh, Grace Bohn, Kirsten TI The origins and diversity of bat songs SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Bats; Singing; Communication; Courtship; Territoriality ID FREE-TAILED BATS; SAC-WINGED BATS; SACCOPTERYX-BILINEATA CHIROPTERA; TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS-MEXICANA; BLACK-CAPPED CHICKADEES; INDICATE MALE QUALITY; FIELD METABOLIC-RATE; FALSE VAMPIRE BAT; SOCIAL CALLS; PIPISTRELLUS-PIPISTRELLUS AB Singing plays an important role in the social lives of several disparate bat species, but just how significant the behavior may be among bats generally is unknown. Recent discoveries suggest singing by bats might be surprisingly more diverse and widespread than anticipated, but if true then two questions must be addressed: firstly why has singing been so rarely documented among bats, and secondly do bats sing for the same reasons as songbirds? We address the first question by reviewing how sampling bias and technical constraints may have produced a myopic view of bat social communication. To address the second question, we review evidence from 50 years of batsong literature supporting the supposition that bat singing is linked to the same constellation of ecological variables that favored birdsong, including territoriality, polygyny, metabolic constraints, migratory behaviors and especially powered flight. We propose that bats sing like birds because they fly like birds; flight is energetically expensive and singing reduces time spent flying. Factoring in the singular importance of acoustic communication for echolocating bats, it seems likely that singing may prove to be relatively common among certain groups of bats once it becomes clear when and where to look for it. C1 [Smotherman, Michael; Smarsh, Grace] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Knoernschild, Mirjam] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Anim Behav, Berlin, Germany. [Knoernschild, Mirjam] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Bohn, Kirsten] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Smotherman, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM smotherman@tamu.edu FU Texas AM University; NSF [IOS-1354381]; German Baden-Wuerttemberg Stiftung, Eliteprogramme; Florida International University FX MS was supported by Texas A&M University and NSF IOS-1354381 while writing this review. MK thanks the German Baden-Wuerttemberg Stiftung, Eliteprogramme for their support. GS was supported by an NSF graduate research fellowship. KB was supported by Florida International University. The authors thank Drs. Jack Bradbury, Brock Fenton, and Peter Slater for providing feedback on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 149 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-7594 EI 1432-1351 J9 J COMP PHYSIOL A JI J. Comp. Physiol. A -Neuroethol. Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 202 IS 8 BP 535 EP 554 DI 10.1007/s00359-016-1105-0 PG 20 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Physiology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology; Zoology GA DS9CN UT WOS:000381080100001 PM 27350360 ER PT J AU Peron, G Fleming, CH de Paula, RC Calabrese, JM AF Peron, Guillaume Fleming, Chris H. de Paula, Rogerio C. Calabrese, Justin M. TI Uncovering periodic patterns of space use in animal tracking data with periodograms, including a new algorithm for the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and improved randomization tests SO MOVEMENT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Periodicity; Circadian; Central place foraging; Autocorrelation; Activity cycles; Behavior ID TIME-SERIES; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; WAVELET ANALYSES; HOME RANGES; RED FOX; MOVEMENT; FOURIER AB Background: Periodicity in activity level (rest/activity cycles) is ubiquitous in nature, but whether and how these periodicities translate into periodic patterns of space use by animals is much less documented. Here we introduce an analytical protocol based on the Lomb-Scargle periodogram (LSP) to facilitate exploration of animal tracking datasets for periodic patterns. The LSP accommodates missing observations and variation in the sampling intervals of the location time series. Results: We describe a new, fast algorithm to compute the LSP. The gain in speed compared to other R implementations of the LSP makes it tractable to analyze long datasets (>10(6) records). We also give a detailed primer on periodicity analysis, focusing on the specificities of movement data. In particular, we warn against the risk of flawed inference when the sampling schedule creates artefactual periodicities and we introduce a new statistical test of periodicity that accommodates temporally autocorrelated background noise. Applying our LSP-based analytical protocol to tracking data from three species revealed that an ungulate exhibited periodicity in its movement speed but not in its locations, that a central place-foraging seabird tracked moon phase, and that the movements of a range-resident canid included a daily patrolling component that was initially masked by the stochasticity of the movements. Conclusion: The new, fast algorithm tailored for movement data analysis and now available in the R-package ctmm makes the LSP a convenient exploratory tool to detect periodic patterns in animal movement data. C1 [Peron, Guillaume; Fleming, Chris H.; Calabrese, Justin M.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Fleming, Chris H.; Calabrese, Justin M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [de Paula, Rogerio C.] Natl Res Ctr Carnivore Conservat CENAP ICMBio, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Peron, G (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM peron_guillaume@yahoo.fr RI Calabrese, Justin/B-9131-2012 NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2051-3933 J9 MOV ECOL JI Mov. Ecol. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 4 AR UNSP 19 DI 10.1186/s40462-016-0084-7 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU0ZQ UT WOS:000381934600001 PM 27482382 ER PT J AU DeFries, R Sharma, S Dutta, T AF DeFries, Ruth Sharma, Sandeep Dutta, Trishna TI A landscape approach to conservation and development in the Central Indian Highlands SO REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [DeFries, Ruth; Dutta, Trishna] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Sharma, Sandeep] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP DeFries, R (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM rd2402@columbia.edi NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1436-3798 EI 1436-378X J9 REG ENVIRON CHANGE JI Reg. Envir. Chang. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 16 SU 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1007/s10113-016-1014-3 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DT0ZR UT WOS:000381212000001 ER PT J AU Dutta, T Sharma, S McRae, BH Roy, PS DeFries, R AF Dutta, Trishna Sharma, Sandeep McRae, Brad H. Roy, Parth Sarathi DeFries, Ruth TI Connecting the dots: mapping habitat connectivity for tigers in central India SO REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Tiger; Central India; Connectivity; Habitat linkages; Landscape conservation; Pinch points; Panthera tigris ID HUMAN DISTURBANCE; PROTECTED AREAS; PANTHERA-PARDUS; WILD TIGERS; LANDSCAPE; POPULATION; DISPERSAL; CARNIVORE; HISTORY AB Large connected landscapes are paramount to maintain top predator populations. Across their range, tiger (Panthera tigris) populations occur in small fragmented patches of habitat, often isolated by large distances in human-dominated landscapes. We assessed connectivity between 16 protected areas (PAs) in central India, a global priority landscape for tiger conservation, using data on land use and land cover, human population density, and transportation infrastructure. We identified and prioritized movement routes using a combination of least-cost corridor modeling and circuit theory. Our analyses suggest that there are several opportunities to maintain connectivity in this landscape. We mapped a total of thirty-five linkages in the region and calculated metrics to estimate their quality and importance. The highest quality linkages as measured by the ratio of cost-weighted distance to Euclidean distance are Kanha-Phen/Bandhavgarh-SanjayGhasidas/Melghat-Satpura, and cost-weighted distance to least-cost path length are Nawegaon-Tadoba/Achanakmar-SanjayGhasidas/Kanha-Phen. We used current flow centrality to evaluate the contribution of each PA and linkage toward facilitating animal movement. Values are highest for Kanha and Pench tiger reserves, and the linkages between Kanha-Phen, Kanha-Pench, and Pench-Satpura, suggesting that these PAs and linkages play a critical role in maintaining connectivity in central India. In addition, smaller areas such as Bor, Nawegaon, and Phen have high centrality scores relative to their areas and thus may act as important stepping stones. We mapped pinch points, which are sections of the linkages where tiger movement is restricted due to unfavorable habitat, transportation networks, human habitation, or a combination of factors. Currently, very limited data exist on tiger movement outside of PAs to validate model results. Regional-scale connectivity mapping efforts can assist managers and policy makers to develop strategic plans for balancing wildlife conservation and other land uses in the landscape. C1 [Dutta, Trishna; DeFries, Ruth] Columbia Univ, E3B, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Sharma, Sandeep] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [McRae, Brad H.] Nature Conservancy, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Roy, Parth Sarathi] Univ Hyderabad, Ctr Earth & Space Sci, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. RP Dutta, T (reprint author), Columbia Univ, E3B, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM td2477@columbia.edu FU TNC FX Trishna Dutta is a NatureNet Post-Doctoral fellow with The Nature Conservancy (TNC), and she would like to thank TNC for supporting her research. This manuscript benefited from a TNC-funded writing workshop held in Santa Barbara in Jan 2015. We are thankful to Prasanth Meiyappan for sharing the shape files of the sub-district level population data, India Census 2001. Trishna would also like to thank Pinki Mondal and Meghna Agarwala who answered many questions during this work. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 30 U2 34 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1436-3798 EI 1436-378X J9 REG ENVIRON CHANGE JI Reg. Envir. Chang. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 16 SU 1 BP 53 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s10113-015-0877-z PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DT0ZR UT WOS:000381212000006 ER PT J AU Seidensticker, J AF Seidensticker, John TI Biodiversity resilience in the Central Indian Highlands is contingent on maintaining and recovering landscape connectivity: the tiger as a case study SO REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Central Indian Highlands; Biodiversity; Connectivity; Corridors; Landscape; Conservation; Tiger; Panthera tigris; Resilience; Persistence ID PANTHERA-TIGRIS-ALTAICA; WILD TIGERS; PREY ABUNDANCE; CONSERVATION; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; DISPERSAL AB Corridors (variably called landscape linkages, connectors, and gateways) are expanses of a landscape that facilitate the flow or movement of individuals, genes, and ecological processes. Protected areas with their buffer zones and the corridors that connect them are cornerstones of modern conservation actions to maintain the biodiversity we have and restore what we have lost. Policy and governance to guide the establishment and management of protected areas and supporting buffer zones is well established in the Central Indian Highlands. A policy and governance structure to create the context and enabling conditions for corridor maintenance, creation, and recovery is emerging but is constrained by the reigning land-management paradigm that separates conservation from development rather than mainstreaming species and habitat conservation into the rural development agenda. Well-nourished, healthy human populations and healthy ecosystems are inextricably linked. The worsening ecological conditions in the Central Indian Highlands can trigger the emergence of a common agenda for an inclusive, caring, and environment-friendly mode of development. The alternative is the business-as-usual scenario: a continuation of worsening ecological conditions. Entry points through the biodiversity, agriculture production, resource extraction, and economic/social sectors to enable integrated sustainable landscape management are identified. These include deepening what it means to successfully conserve a species combined with explicit threat analysis for at-risk tigers and the landscapes that supports them; landscape scenario modeling to advance communication by synthesizing diverse forms of research and articulating and evaluating alternative socio-economic futures; and the use of the smart green infrastructure process as an approach to development rather than only as a way to mitigate environmental damage. Models are presented to scale up from isolated conservation interventions to collective impact that unites supportive government partners with individuals, NGOs, and economic interests to achieve viable long-term relationships in human and natural systems to value, maintain, and recover landscape connectivity. C1 [Seidensticker, John] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Seidensticker, J (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM seidenstickerj@si.edu NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 20 U2 24 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1436-3798 EI 1436-378X J9 REG ENVIRON CHANGE JI Reg. Envir. Chang. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 16 SU 1 BP 167 EP 179 DI 10.1007/s10113-015-0846-6 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DT0ZR UT WOS:000381212000014 ER PT J AU Cramer, ERA Alund, M McFarlane, SE Johnsen, A Qvarnstrom, A AF Cramer, Emily R. A. Alund, Murielle McFarlane, S. Eryn Johnsen, Arild Qvarnstrom, Anna TI Females discriminate against heterospecific sperm in a natural hybrid zone SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Cryptic female choice; hybrid zones; postcopulatory prezygotic barriers; reinforcement; speciation; sexual selection ID FICEDULA-HYPOLEUCA; GALLUS-DOMESTICUS; SEXUAL SELECTION; PIED FLYCATCHER; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; OVARIAN FLUID; TURKEY HENS; SPERMATOZOA; EVOLUTION; REINFORCEMENT AB When hybridization is maladaptive, species-specific mate preferences are selectively favored, but low mate availability may constrain species-assortative pairing. Females paired to heterospecifics may then benefit by copulating with multiple males and subsequently favoring sperm of conspecifics. Whether such mechanisms for biasing paternity toward conspecifics act as important reproductive barriers in socially monogamous vertebrate species remains to be determined. We use a combination of long-term breeding records from a natural hybrid zone between collared and pied flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis and F. hypoleuca), and an in vitro experiment comparing conspecific and heterospecific sperm performance in female reproductive tract fluid, to evaluate the potential significance of female cryptic choice. We show that the females most at risk of hybridizing (pied flycatchers) frequently copulate with multiple males and are able to inhibit heterospecific sperm performance. The negative effect on heterospecific sperm performance was strongest in pied flycatcher females that were most likely to have been previously exposed to collared flycatcher sperm. We thus demonstrate that a reproductive barrier acts after copulation but before fertilization in a socially monogamous vertebrate. While the evolutionary history of this barrier is unknown, our results imply that there is opportunity for it to be accentuated via a reinforcement-like process. C1 [Cramer, Emily R. A.; Johnsen, Arild] Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. [Cramer, Emily R. A.] Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, POB 37012 MRC5503, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Cramer, Emily R. A.] Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Alund, Murielle; McFarlane, S. Eryn; Qvarnstrom, Anna] Uppsala Univ, Dept Ecol & Genet, Anim Ecol, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Cramer, ERA (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, N-0318 Oslo, Norway.; Cramer, ERA (reprint author), Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, POB 37012 MRC5503, Washington, DC 20008 USA.; Cramer, ERA (reprint author), Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM erc25@cornell.edu FU Norwegian Research Council [213592]; Swedish Research Council [621-2012-3722]; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Swedish Ornithological Association Elis Wides Fund; Foundation for Zoological Research; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We thank William Jones, Gunnhild Marthinsen, Jakub Rybinski, Even Stensrud, and Silje Hogner for assisting with experiments; the many field assistants who collected data over the 12 years of the study; Reija Dufva and Urszula Rybinska for genotyping; and Tore Slagsvold for access to pied flycatcher females in Oslo. Funding was from the Norwegian Research Council (grant # 213592) to A.J., the Swedish Research Council (grant # 621-2012-3722) and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to A.Q., the Swedish Ornithological Association Elis Wides Fund to M.A., the Foundation for Zoological Research to M.A. and S.E.M., and a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Postgraduate Doctoral Scholarship to S.E.M. Ethical permissions were obtained from the Linkoping ethical board (21-11 and 18-15, to A.Q.) and from the Swedish Museum of Natural History (ringing license 605 to A.Q.). Fieldwork in Norway was approved by the Norwegian Environment Agency (ringing license 1352 to E.R.A.C.). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 EI 1558-5646 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD AUG PY 2016 VL 70 IS 8 DI 10.1111/evo.12986 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DT0XG UT WOS:000381205700013 ER PT J AU Bercovici, A Vajda, V AF Bercovici, Antoine Vajda, Vivi TI Terrestrial Permian - Triassic boundary sections in South China SO GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE LA English DT Article ID PRINCE-CHARLES MOUNTAINS; PALYNOLOGICAL RECORD; WESTERN GUIZHOU; EASTERN YUNNAN; FUNGAL EVENT; RECOVERY; CRISIS; EXTINCTION; VEGETATION; CHROMOSOMES AB The Permian-Triassic boundary interval in China comprises a significant record of faunal and floral changes during this important extinction event. Here we discuss the details of palynomorph preservation at the classical Western Guizhou and Eastern Yunnan sections in an effort to expand the stratigraphy and paleontology from these earlier studies. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bercovici, Antoine] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol MRC121, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Vajda, Vivi] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Palaeobiol, POB 5007, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Bercovici, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol MRC121, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM bercovicia@si.edu; Vivi.vajda@nrm.se NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8181 EI 1872-6364 J9 GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE JI Glob. Planet. Change PD AUG PY 2016 VL 143 BP 31 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.05.010 PG 3 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DS2IU UT WOS:000380594000004 ER PT J AU Tornabene, L Van Tassell, JL Robertson, DR Baldwin, CC AF Tornabene, Luke Van Tassell, James L. Robertson, D. Ross Baldwin, Carole C. TI Repeated invasions into the twilight zone: evolutionary origins of a novel assemblage of fishes from deep Caribbean reefs SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive radiation; Deep Reef Observation Project; Gobiidae; mesophotic reefs; phylogenetic comparative methods; phylogeny; speciation ID DEPTH DISTRIBUTIONS; GOBY TELEOSTEI; CORAL-REEFS; GOBIIDAE; GOBIES; GENUS; SPECIATION; DIVERSITY; PHYLOGENY; COMMUNITY AB Mesophotic and deeper reefs of the tropics are poorly known and underexplored ecosystems worldwide. Collectively referred to as the twilight zone', depths below similar to 30-50m are home to many species of reef fishes that are absent from shallower depths, including many undescribed and endemic species. We currently lack even a basic understanding of the diversity and evolutionary origins of fishes on tropical mesophotic reefs. Recent submersible collections in the Caribbean have provided new specimens that are enabling phylogenetic reconstructions that incorporate deep-reef representatives of tropical fish genera. Here, we investigate evolutionary depth transitions in the family Gobiidae (gobies), the most diverse group of tropical marine fishes. Using divergence-time estimation coupled with stochastic character mapping to infer the timing of shallow-to-deep habitat transitions in gobies, we demonstrate at least four transitions from shallow to mesophotic depths. Habitat transitions occurred in two broad time periods (Miocene, Pliocene-Pleistocene), and may have been linked to the availability of underutilized niches, as well as the evolution of morphological/behavioural adaptations for life on deep reefs. Further, our analysis shows that at least three evolutionary lineages that invaded deep habitats subsequently underwent speciation, reflecting another unique mode of radiation within the Gobiidae. Lastly, we synthesize depth distributions for 95 species of Caribbean gobies, which reveal major bathymetric faunal breaks at the boundary between euphotic and mesophotic reefs. Ultimately, our study is the first rigorous investigation into the origin of Caribbean deep-reef fishes and provides a framework for future studies that utilize rare, deep-reef specimens. C1 [Tornabene, Luke; Baldwin, Carole C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Van Tassell, James L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Ichthyol, Cent Pk West 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Robertson, D. Ross] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Robertson, D. Ross] Unit 9100,POB 0948, Dpo, AA 34002 USA. RP Tornabene, L (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM luke.tornabene@gmail.com FU American Museum of Natural History Lerner Gray Award; Smithsonian Institution Peter Buck Fellowship; Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet; Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science Program; Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for Systematic Ichthyology; National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration [9102-12] FX We thank Barbara Brown, Bruce Brandt, Barry Brown, Cristina Castillo, Frank Pezold, Diane Pitassy, Hudson Pinheiro, Adriaan Schrier, Thiony Simon, Barbara van Bebber and Jeffrey T. Williams for their various contributions to this study. Liam Revell provided helpful information on simmap analyses. This study was funded in part by the American Museum of Natural History Lerner Gray Award and the Smithsonian Institution Peter Buck Fellowship to LT. Funding for the Smithsonian Institution's Deep Reef Observation Project was provided internally by the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet to CCB, the Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science Program to CCB and DRR, the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for Systematic Ichthyology to CCB, and externally by National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration to CCB (Grant #9102-12). This study is OHF/CSA/SC contribution #26. NR 97 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 25 IS 15 BP 3662 EP 3682 DI 10.1111/mec.13704 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DS7FZ UT WOS:000380949700012 PM 27222496 ER PT J AU Patej, A Eisenstein, D AF Patej, Anna Eisenstein, Daniel TI Quantifying the colour-dependent stochasticity of large-scale structure SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: statistics; large-scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEY; SDSS-III; DARK-MATTER; THAN 1; LUMINOSITY; BIAS; CONSTRAINTS AB We address the question of whether massive red and blue galaxies trace the same large-scale structure at z similar to 0.6 using the CMASS sample of galaxies from Data Release 12 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. After splitting the catalogue into subsamples of red and blue galaxies using a simple colour cut, we measure the clustering of both subsamples and construct the correlation coefficient, r, using two statistics. The correlation coefficient quantifies the stochasticity between the two subsamples, which we examine over intermediate scales (20 a parts per thousand(2) R a parts per thousand(2) 100 h(-1) Mpc). We find that on these intermediate scales, the correlation coefficient is consistent with 1; in particular, we find > 0.95 taking into account both statistics and r > 0.974 using the favoured statistic. C1 [Patej, Anna] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Eisenstein, Daniel] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Patej, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM apatej@physics.harvard.edu; deisenstein@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [DGE-1144152]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC0013718]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/NotreDame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1144152 and by US Department of Energy Grant No. DE-SC0013718. The analysis in this paper made use of tools from NUMPY (van der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011), SCIPY (Oliphant 2007), and MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), as well as from ROOT (Brun & Rademakers 1997, see also http://root.cern.ch/).; This paper relies on data from SDSS-III. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/NotreDame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 2 BP 1310 EP 1317 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw635 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3WH UT WOS:000379832800011 ER PT J AU Allgeier, JE Valdivia, A Cox, C Layman, CA AF Allgeier, Jacob E. Valdivia, Abel Cox, Courtney Layman, Craig A. TI Fishing down nutrients on coral reefs SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; PRODUCTIVITY; CHALLENGES; ECOSYSTEMS; REDUNDANCY; FISHES AB Fishing is widely considered a leading cause of biodiversity loss in marine environments, but the potential effect on ecosystem processes, such as nutrient fluxes, is less explored. Here, we test how fishing on Caribbean coral reefs influences biodiversity and ecosystem functions provided by the fish community, that is, fish-mediated nutrient capacity. Specifically, we modelled five processes of nutrient storage (in biomass) and supply (via excretion) of nutrients, as well as a measure of their multifunctionality, onto 143 species of coral reef fishes across 110 coral reef fish communities. These communities span a gradient from extreme fishing pressure to protected areas with little to no fishing. We find that in fished sites fish-mediated nutrient capacity is reduced almost 50%, despite no substantial changes in the number of species. Instead, changes in community size and trophic structure were the primary cause of shifts in ecosystem function. These findings suggest that a broader perspective that incorporates predictable impacts of fishing pressure on ecosystem function is imperative for effective coral reef conservation and management. C1 [Allgeier, Jacob E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Valdivia, Abel] Ctr Biol Divers, Oceans Program, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cox, Courtney] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Layman, Craig A.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, David Clark Labs 127, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Allgeier, JE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM zopelote@gmail.com FU EPA STAR Fellowship; National Science Foundation DDIG; National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology; National Science Foundation OCE [0746164, 1405198]; UNC Royster Fellowship; Rufford Foundation Small Grants for Conservation FX We thank A. Rosemond, D. Haines, F. DeRosa, R. Appaldo, K. Rennirt, J. Richard and Friends of the Environment for logistic and field support. T. Maddox provided invaluable support for nutrient analyses. The manuscript was greatly improved by comments from Daniel Schindler, Tim Cline, Tim Walsworth, Brooke Davis, Ricardo Amoroso, Rachel Hovel, Nick Haddad, Kevin Gross, Deron Burkepile and John Bruno. We thank three reviewers for thoughtful comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by an EPA STAR Fellowship, National Science Foundation DDIG and National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology, to J.E. Allgeier, National Science Foundation OCE #0746164 and #1405198 to C.A. Layman, UNC Royster Fellowship to A. Valdivia, and the Rufford Foundation Small Grants for Conservation to C. Cox. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 34 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 7 AR 12461 DI 10.1038/ncomms12461 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT7TT UT WOS:000381690900001 PM 27529748 ER PT J AU Tornabene, L Van Tassell, JL Gilmore, RG Robertson, DR Young, F Baldwin, CC AF Tornabene, Luke Van Tassell, James L. Gilmore, Richard G. Robertson, David Ross Young, Forrest Baldwin, Carole C. TI Molecular phylogeny, analysis of character evolution, and submersible collections enable a new classification of a diverse group of gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Nes subgroup), including nine new species and four new genera SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ancestral state reconstruction; Caribbean; coral reef fish; deep reefs; gobies; Gobiidae; systematics ID WESTERN ATLANTIC; GOBY TELEOSTEI; EASTERN PACIFIC; 7-SPINED GOBIES; GOBIOID FISHES; GOBIOSOMATINI; PSILOTRIS; PISCES; GENUS; GOBIIFORMES AB The Nes subgroup of the Gobiosomatini (Teleostei: Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) is an ecologically diverse clade of fishes endemic to the tropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific oceans. It has been suggested that morphological characters in gobies tend to evolve via reduction and loss associated with miniaturization, and this, coupled with the parallel evolution of adaptations to similar microhabitats, may lead to homoplasy and ultimately obscure our ability to discern phylogenetic relationships using morphological characters alone. This may be particularly true for the Nes subgroup of gobies, where several genera that are diagnosed by 'reductive characters' have been shown to be polyphyletic. Here we present the most comprehensive phylogeny to date of the Nes subgroup using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. We then evaluate the congruence between the distribution of morphological characters and our molecular tree using maximum-likelihood ancestral state reconstruction, and test for phylogenetic signal in characters using Pagel's lambda tree transformations (Nature, 401, 1999 and 877). Our results indicate that all of the characters previously used to diagnose genera of the Nes subgroup display some degree of homoplasy with respect to our molecular tree; however, many characters display considerable phylogenetic signal and thus may be useful in diagnosing genera when used in combination with other characters. We present a new classification for the group in which all genera are monophyletic and in most cases diagnosed by combinations of morphological characters. The new classification includes four new genera and nine new species described here, many of which were collected from rarely sampled deep Caribbean reefs using manned submersibles. The group now contains 38 species in the genera Carrigobius gen. nov., Chriolepis, Eleotrica, Gobulus, Gymneleotris, Nes, Paedovaricus gen. nov., Pinnichthys gen. nov., Psilotris, and Varicus. Lastly, we provide a key to all named species of the Nes subgroup along with photographs and illustrations to aid in identification. (C) 2016 The Linnean Society of London C1 [Tornabene, Luke] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Tornabene, Luke; Baldwin, Carole C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Van Tassell, James L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Ichthyol, Cent Pk West 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Gilmore, Richard G.] Estuarine Coastal & Ocean Sci Inc, 5920 First St SW, Vero Beach, FL 32968 USA. [Robertson, David Ross] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Robertson, David Ross] DPO, AA, Unit 9100,Box 0948, Miami, FL 34002 USA. [Young, Forrest] Dynasty Marine Associates Inc, 10602 7th Ave Gulf, Marathon, FL 33050 USA. RP Tornabene, L (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.; Tornabene, L (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM luke.tornabene@gmail.com FU American Museum of Natural History Lerner-Gray Award; Smithsonian Peter Buck Fellowship; Smithsonian Schultz Fund FX This paper is dedicated to Heath Laetari and Thiony Simon, two young and promising scientists and divers who passed away tragically, doing what they loved. We thank Frank Pezold helping support this research during the initial stages of the project. A great many individuals helped us in examining, borrowing, x-raying, clearing and staining, and tissue sampling specimens from their respective collections. Specifically, we thank Cristina Castillo, Diane Pitassy, Jeffrey Williams and Sandra Raredon (USNM), Barbara Brown, Radford Arrindell and Bob Schelly (AMNH), Christine Thacker and Rick Feeney (LACM), Dave Catania (CAS), Rob Robins (UF), Mark Sabaj Perez and Kyle Luckenbill (ANSP), Leo Smith (formerly FMNH, now KU), and Jean-Christophe Joyeux and Rafael Macieira (CIUFES). Gerry Allen, Jeffrey Williams, Raphael Macieira, Phil Hastings, Lloyd Findley, Alex Kerstitich, and William Smith-Vaniz graciously provided photographs. We sincerely thank Thiony Simon and Hudson Pinheiro for collecting and photographing the type series of Pinnichthys aimoriensis gen. et sp. nov. This project would not have been possible without the support of Adriaan 'Dutch' Schrier, Barry Brown and the entire staff of Substation Curacao, as well as the various research teams from Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute that helped orchestrate the Johnson Sea Link submersible dives in the 1980-1990s. The project was funded in part by the American Museum of Natural History Lerner-Gray Award and the Smithsonian Peter Buck Fellowship to Luke Tornabene, and by the Smithsonian Schultz Fund to James Van Tassell. This is Ocean Heritage Foundation/Curacao Sea Aquarium/Substation Curacao contribution number OHF/CSA/SC #22. NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4082 EI 1096-3642 J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 177 IS 4 BP 764 EP 812 DI 10.1111/zoj.12394 PG 49 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DT7YG UT WOS:000381703800004 ER PT J AU Al-Awadhi, FH Ratnayake, R Paul, VJ Luesch, H AF Al-Awadhi, Fatma H. Ratnayake, Ranjala Paul, Valerie J. Luesch, Hendrik TI Tasiamide F, a potent inhibitor of cathepsins D and E from a marine cyanobacterium SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Natural products; Marine cyanobacteria; Protease inhibitors; Cathepsins D and E; Molecular docking ID BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; ELASTASE INHIBITORS; AMINO-ACIDS; DESIGN; ACTIVATION; PEPSTATIN; PEPTIDE AB In search of novel protease inhibitors with therapeutic potential, our efforts exploring the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp. have led to the discovery of tasiamide F (1), which is an analogue of tasiamide B (2). The structure was elucidated using a combination of NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The key structural feature in 1 is the presence of the Phe-derived statine core, which contributes to its aspartic protease inhibitory activity. The antiproteolytic activity of 1 and 2 was evaluated in vitro against cathepsins D and E, and BACE1. Tasiamide F (1) displayed IC50 values of 57 nM, 23 nM, and 0.69 mu M, respectively, indicating greater selectivity for cathepsins over BACE1 compared with tasiamide B (2). Molecular docking experiments were carried out for compounds 1 and 2 against cathepsins D and E to rationalize their activity towards these proteases. The dysregulated activities of cathepsins D and E have been implicated in cancer and modulation of immune responses, respectively, and these proteases represent potential therapeutic targets. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Al-Awadhi, Fatma H.; Ratnayake, Ranjala; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Al-Awadhi, Fatma H.; Ratnayake, Ranjala; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Ctr Nat Prod Drug Discovery & Dev CNPD3, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Nat Prod Drug Discovery & Dev CNPD3, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM luesch@cop.ufl.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01CA172310] FX The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01CA172310. We acknowledge Dr. Jason Kwan for providing the homology model of cathepsin E. This is contribution #1031 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 EI 1464-3391 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 15 BP 3276 EP 3282 DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.04.062 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA DS2AE UT WOS:000380515600007 PM 27211244 ER PT J AU Sholts, SB Bell, JA Rick, TC AF Sholts, Sabrina B. Bell, Joshua A. Rick, Torben C. TI Ecce Homo: Science and Sociey Need Anthropological Collections SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Editorial Material AB Scientific collections are crucial to understanding the biological and cultural diversity of the Earth. Anthropological collections document the human experience and the interactions between people, ecosystems, and organisms. Unfortunately, anthropological collections are often poorly known by the public and face a variety of threats to their permanent care and conservation. C1 [Sholts, Sabrina B.; Bell, Joshua A.; Rick, Torben C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Sholts, SB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sholtss@si.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 31 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0169-5347 J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL JI Trends Ecol. Evol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 31 IS 8 BP 580 EP 583 DI 10.1016/j.tree.2016.05.002 PG 4 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DS7OP UT WOS:000380973100003 PM 27220779 ER PT J AU Crawford, I Elvis, M Carpenter, J AF Crawford, Ian Elvis, Martin Carpenter, James TI Using extraterrestrial resources for science SO ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Crawford, Ian] Birkbeck Coll, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, London, England. [Elvis, Martin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Carpenter, James] ESA, European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands. RP Crawford, I (reprint author), Birkbeck Coll, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, London, England. EM i.crawford@bbk.ac.uk; melvis@cfa.harvard.edu; james.carpenter@esa.int RI Crawford, Ian/H-7510-2012 OI Crawford, Ian/0000-0001-5661-7403 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1366-8781 EI 1468-4004 J9 ASTRON GEOPHYS JI Astron. Geophys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 57 IS 4 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DR9UQ UT WOS:000380242000016 ER PT J AU Pimiento, C MacFadden, BJ Clements, CF Varela, S Jaramillo, C Velez-Juarbe, J Silliman, BR AF Pimiento, Catalina MacFadden, Bruce J. Clements, Christopher F. Varela, Sara Jaramillo, Carlos Velez-Juarbe, Jorge Silliman, Brian R. TI Geographical distribution patterns of Carcharocles megalodon over time reveal clues about extinction mechanisms SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE apex predator; area coverage; extinction drivers; Miocene; Pliocene; sharks; species occupancy ID TOOTHED WHITE SHARKS; SPERM-WHALE; RISK; NEOGENE; DRIVERS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; TEMPERATURE; CARCHARIAS; DIVERSITY; DINOSAURS AB AimGiven its catastrophic consequences, the extinction of apex predators has long been of interest to modern ecology. Despite major declines, no present-day species of marine apex predator has yet become extinct. Because of their vulnerability, understanding the mechanisms leading to their extinction in the past could provide insight into the natural factors that interact with human threats to drive their loss. We studied the geographical distribution patterns of the extinct macro-predatory shark Carcharocles megalodon in order to elucidate its pathway to extinction. LocationWorld-wide from the Miocene to the Pliocene (c.23-2.6Ma). MethodsA meta-analysis of C.megalodon occurrence records was performed using the Paleobiology Database as a platform. The data were binned into geological time slices, and the circular home range around each data point was mapped in reconstructions made in GPlates. We then quantitatively assessed the species' geographical range and global abundance over time, and the relationship between distribution and climate. ResultsThe pathway to extinction of C.megalodon probably started in the late Miocene with a decrease in its global abundance. This decrease was then followed by a decline in its geographical range during the Pliocene. Although the extinction of C.megalodon has been attributed to climate change, we found no evidence of direct effects of global temperature. Instead, we found that the collapse in geographical distribution coincided mainly with a drop in the diversity of filter-feeding whales and the appearance of new competitors (large predatory whales and the great white shark). Main conclusionsThis research represents the first study of the distributional trends of an extinct, cosmopolitan apex predator in deep-time. Our results suggest that biotic factors, and not direct temperature limitations, were probably the primary drivers of the extinction of the largest marine apex predators that ever lived. C1 [Pimiento, Catalina] Univ Zurich, Paleontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Pimiento, Catalina; MacFadden, Bruce J.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pimiento, Catalina; Jaramillo, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Clements, Christopher F.] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Varela, Sara] Univ Alcala De Henares, Dept Ciencias Vida, Edificio Ciencias,Campus Externo, Alcala De Henares Madrid 28805, Spain. [Varela, Sara] Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Sci, Museum Nat Kunde, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mammal, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Silliman, Brian R.] Duke Univ, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. RP Pimiento, C (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Paleontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. EM catalina.pimientohernandez@pim.uzh.ch RI Varela, Sara/J-7725-2016 OI Varela, Sara/0000-0002-5756-5737 FU NSF [EAR 0418042, PIRE 0966884] FX This project was funded by the NSF EAR 0418042, PIRE 0966884 (OISE, DRL, EAR). We thank the following museums for allowing us to study their specimens: the British Natural History Museum; Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia'; Museo de La Plata; Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de San Marcos, Lima; Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile; Florida Museum of Natural History; Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; San Diego Natural History Museum; University of California Museum of Paleontology; Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History; Field Museum of Natural History; North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences; Museum national d'Histoire naturelle; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Museum fur Naturkunde and Museo de Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid. Special thanks go to P. Hietz and O. Rodriguez for their assistance accessing the collections at the Museum of Natural History, Vienna, Austria, and to D. I. Hastie and E. Fitzgerald for assistance accessing the collections at the Museum Victoria, Australia. Thanks to J. Fischer and K. Tsukui-Shockey for their help in translating papers to English, to M. Kowalewski for his advice on the analyses, and to B. Kent, J. Kriwet and an anonymous referee for their constructive comments, which substantially improved this manuscript. Finally, thanks to J. N. Griffin and D. Hone for their insight. This is University of Florida Contribution to Paleobiology number 695 and Paleobiology Database publication number 253. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 36 U2 54 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1645 EP 1655 DI 10.1111/jbi.12754 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DR7CF UT WOS:000380056900014 ER PT J AU Chu, ND Vollmer, SV AF Chu, Nathaniel D. Vollmer, Steven V. TI Caribbean corals house shared and host-specific microbial symbionts over time and space SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article ID WHITE PLAGUE DISEASE; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS; ACROPORA-PALMATA; ELKHORN CORAL; RED-SEA; REEF; DIVERSITY; SCLERACTINIA; STRESSORS AB The rise of coral diseases has triggered a surge of interest in coral microbial communities. But to fully understand how the coral microbiome may cause or respond to disease, we must first understand structure and variation in the healthy coral microbiome. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the microbiomes of 100 healthy coral colonies from six Caribbean coral species (Acropora cervicornis, A. palmata, Diploria labyrinthiformis, Diploria strigosa, Porites astreoides and P. furcata) across four reefs and three time points over 1 year. We found host species to be the strongest driver of coral microbiome structure across site and time. Analysis of the core microbiome revealed remarkable similarity in the bacterial taxa represented across coral hosts and many bacterial phylotypes shared across all corals sampled. Some of these widespread bacterial taxa have been identified in Pacific corals, indicating that a core coral microbiome may extend across oceans. Core bacterial phylotypes that were unique to each coral were taxonomically diverse, suggesting that different coral hosts provide persistent, divergent niches for bacteria. C1 [Chu, Nathaniel D.; Vollmer, Steven V.] Northeastern Univ, Marine Sci Ctr, 430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, MA 01908 USA. [Chu, Nathaniel D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Bocas Del Toro, Panama. [Chu, Nathaniel D.] MIT, Microbiol Grad Program, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chu, ND (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Marine Sci Ctr, 430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, MA 01908 USA.; Chu, ND (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Bocas Del Toro, Panama.; Chu, ND (reprint author), MIT, Microbiol Grad Program, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM ndchu@mit.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation; U.S. Fulbright Award; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Grant FX U.S. National Science Foundation, U.S. Fulbright Award, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Grant. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1758-2229 J9 ENV MICROBIOL REP JI Environ. Microbiol. Rep. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 8 IS 4 SI SI BP 493 EP 500 DI 10.1111/1758-2229.12412 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA DR5JI UT WOS:000379938900009 PM 27083502 ER PT J AU Liu, HP Marceau, D Hershler, R AF Liu, Hsiu-Ping Marceau, Darcy Hershler, Robert TI Taxonomic identity of two amnicolid gastropods of conservation concern in lakes of the Pacific Northwest of the USA SO JOURNAL OF MOLLUSCAN STUDIES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; RISSOOIDEA; SNAILS; COLLIGYRUS; DIVERSITY; GENERA; BASIN AB In this paper we attempt to clarify the identity of two purportedly new species of amnicolid snails in Pacific Northwest lakes that were vaguely described in grey literature and recently petitioned for federal listing. As currently understood the western American amnicolid fauna consists of the endemic genus Colligyrus (three species) and Amnicola limosa, which is distributed in a single site in western Montana (and also throughout much of eastern North America). The 'Washington duskysnail' was proposed for the Montana population of A. limosa and two recently discovered populations in northern Washington. The 'masked duskysnail' is a small amnicolid of uncertain generic status from two lakes in northern Washington. Our assessment of these putative species was based on genetic and morphological study of specimens from previously reported sites and recently discovered localities in Montana (both snails) and Washington (the first only). Molecular analyses (based on the mtCOI gene) resolved the western American populations of Amnicola as a weakly supported subunit of a clade that also contained eastern A. limosa and A. dalli; the western Amnicola differed from eastern A. limosa and A. dalli by 2.1% mean sequence divergence. We also found that western Amnicola and eastern A. limosa do not differ in body pigmentation as previously postulated and that these snails are closely similar in all other morphological details. We conclude that the Washington duskysnail is not a distinct species and that all of the western populations of Amnicola are A. limosa. This finding extends the range of A. limosa westward almost to the Pacific margin. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses and study of the female reproductive anatomy of the masked duskysnail congruently indicated that this snail, which was previously compared with other western amnicolids, belongs to the genus Lyogyrus, which is otherwise restricted to eastern North America. We were unable to resolve the taxonomic status of the masked duskysnail further, owing to the paucity of pertinent data for the poorly known eastern Lyogyrus fauna. We recommend that the masked duskysnail be treated as 'Lyogyrus sp.' pending further study of this genus. C1 [Liu, Hsiu-Ping; Marceau, Darcy] Metropolitan State Univ Denver, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Hershler, Robert] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Hershler, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hershlerr@si.edu FU Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office [L11AC20325] FX Daniel Gustafson, Karen Honeycutt, Edward Johannes and Mike Mazurkiewicz provided specimens and/or assisted with fieldwork. Freya Goetz photographed animals and prepared anatomical drawings and the manuscript plates, and Yolanda Villacampa measured shells and prepared the scanning electron micrographs. This project was supported by an award from the Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office (L11AC20325, modification no. 1). NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0260-1230 EI 1464-3766 J9 J MOLLUS STUD JI J. Molluscan Stud. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 82 BP 464 EP 471 DI 10.1093/mollus/eyw009 PN 3 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA DR6NQ UT WOS:000380019000013 ER PT J AU Feo, TJ Simon, E Prum, RO AF Feo, Teresa J. Simon, Emma Prum, Richard O. TI Theory of the development of curved barbs and their effects on feather morphology SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE feather development; curvature; theoretical morphospace; asymmetrical flight feather; barb; barbule ID EVOLUTION; PIGMENTATION; GROWTH AB Feathers exhibit an extraordinary diversity of shapes, which are used by birds to accomplish a diverse set of functions. Pennaceous feathers have a double branched morphology that develops from a tube of epidermis, and variation in branch geometry determines feather shape. Feather development is both complex (i.e., a simple developmental modification can have multiple effects on mature feather shape), and redundant (i.e., different developmental modifications can create the same shape). Due to this, it is not readily apparent how different feather shapes develop. In many feathers, barbs are not straight, but instead curve in toward, or away, from the feather tip. Barb curvature can affect the shape of mature feathers but the development of curved barbs is unknown. Previous research has hypothesized that barb curvature could develop either during the helical growth of barb ridges in the tubular feather germ, or during barb angle expansion as the feather unfurls from the sheath. To better understand the development of curved barbs and their effects on mature feathers we present a theoretical model of curved barb development and test the model with empirical investigations of feathers. We find that curved barbs affect many aspects of feather morphology including vane width, barb length, and barb spacing. In real feathers, curved barbs can develop both during helical barb ridge growth and during barb angle expansion, with most of the observed curvature due to barb angle expansion. Our results demonstrate that barb angle expansion as a feather unfurls from the sheath is a complex and dynamic process that plays an important role in determining the shape and structure of mature feathers. Curved barbs create heterogeneity in barb geometry within the feather vane, which could have important implications for aerodynamic function and the development of within feather pigmentation patterns. J. Morphol. 277:995-1013, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Feo, Teresa J.; Simon, Emma; Prum, Richard O.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT USA. [Feo, Teresa J.; Prum, Richard O.] Yale Univ, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT USA. [Feo, Teresa J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 116,1000 Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Feo, TJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 116,1000 Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM FeoT@si.edu OI Feo, Teresa J./0000-0002-4189-8692 FU NSF GRFP; Yale EEB Department Chair's Fund; Yale W. R. Coe Funds FX We would like to thank G. Patricelli, J. Pisenti, K. Smith, R. Koch, and S. Picone for assistance with live bird research conducted at UC Davis. A. Farris provided helpful advice on model equations and simulations. Funding was provided by the NSF GRFP, Yale EEB Department Chair's Fund, and Yale W. R. Coe Funds. Authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0362-2525 EI 1097-4687 J9 J MORPHOL JI J. Morphol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 277 IS 8 BP 995 EP 1013 DI 10.1002/jmor.20552 PG 19 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA DR4WV UT WOS:000379904800001 PM 27185293 ER PT J AU Grier, HJ Uribe, MC Lo Nostro, FL Mims, SD Parenti, LR AF Grier, Harry J. Uribe, Mari Carmen Lo Nostro, Fabiana L. Mims, Steven D. Parenti, Lynne R. TI Conserved form and function of the germinal epithelium through 500 million years of vertebrate evolution SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE basement membrane; gametogenesis; follicle complex; folliculogenesis; gonads structure ID SYNBRANCHUS-MARMORATUS TELEOSTEI; CICHLASOMA-DIMERUS TELEOSTEI; FOLLICLE CELLS; COMMON SNOOK; INTERCELLULAR BRIDGES; SEX-DIFFERENTIATION; GONADAL DEVELOPMENT; OOCYTE DEVELOPMENT; OVARIAN HISTOLOGY; ESOX-LUCIUS AB The germinal epithelium, i.e., the site of germ cell production in males and females, has maintained a constant form and function throughout 500 million years of vertebrate evolution. The distinguishing characteristic of germinal epithelia among all vertebrates, males, and females, is the presence of germ cells among somatic epithelial cells. The somatic epithelial cells, Sertoli cells in males or follicle (granulosa) cells in females, encompass and isolate germ cells. Morphology of all vertebrate germinal epithelia conforms to the standard definition of an epithelium: epithelial cells are interconnected, border a body surface or lumen, are avascular and are supported by a basement membrane. Variation in morphology of gonads, which develop from the germinal epithelium, is correlated with the evolution of reproductive modes. In hagfishes, lampreys, and elasmobranchs, the germinal epithelia of males produce spermatocysts. A major rearrangement of testis morphology diagnoses osteichthyans: the spermatocysts are arranged in tubules or lobules. In protogynous (female to male) sex reversal in teleost fishes, female germinal epithelial cells (prefollicle cells) and oogonia transform into the first male somatic cells (Sertoli cells) and spermatogonia in the developing testis lobules. This common origin of cell types from the germinal epithelium in fishes with protogynous sex reversal supports the homology of Sertoli cells and follicle cells. Spermatogenesis in amphibians develops within spermatocysts in testis lobules. In amniotes vertebrates, the testis is composed of seminiferous tubules wherein spermatogenesis occurs radially. Emerging research indicates that some mammals do not have lifetime determinate fecundity. The fact emerged that germinal epithelia occur in the gonads of all vertebrates examined herein of both sexes and has the same form and function across all vertebrate taxa. Continued study of the form and function of the germinal epithelium in vertebrates will increasingly clarify our understanding of vertebrate reproduction. J. Morphol. 277:1014-1044, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Grier, Harry J.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Grier, Harry J.; Parenti, Lynne R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Fishes, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 159, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Uribe, Mari Carmen] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol Comparada, Lab Biol Reprod, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Lo Nostro, Fabiana L.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol, Lab Ecotoxicol Acuat, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Lo Nostro, Fabiana L.] UBA, CONICET, Inst Biodiversidad & Biol Expt & Aplicada, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Mims, Steven D.] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. RP Uribe, MC (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol Comparada, Lab Biol Reprod, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM mari3uribe3@gmail.com FU Fish and Wildlife Research Institute FX This work is dedicated to Karen A. Steidinger who, as chief of the Florida Bureau of Marine Research, now the Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, supported HJG's study of comparative vertebrate gonad morphology more than 30 years ago when it could not be predicted that the form and function of the germinal epithelium would be revealed as homologous among all vertebrates. We are indebted to Aubrey Gorbman who gave HJG fixed gonads of Pacific hagfish and to William Anderson for donating fixed gonads of lampreys. These specimens made possible new interpretations of the evolution of vertebrate gonad morphology. The histological assistance of Catalina Brown, Noretta Perry, Yvonne Waters, Helen Wimer, Gabino De la RosaCruz and Adriana Garcia-Alarcon is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Llyn French and Jose Antonio Hernandez Gomez for their artistic skill in preparation of the plates and for the graphic illustrations made from crude drawings. Our appreciation goes to Mote Aquaculture Park for use of their Olympus microscope and digital camera. We acknowledge the FWC/FWRI Florida Fisheries Independent Monitoring Program for being able to collect elasmobranchs and teleost species in Tampa Bay and Jenna Tanis for offshore collections of Serranidae studied to document sex reversal. We also thank Wes Porak for bowfin and largemouth bass collections. The Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology in the Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, supported preparation and publication of this manuscript. We thank Dr. Daniel Blackburn who enhanced this MS with valuable comments. NR 129 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0362-2525 EI 1097-4687 J9 J MORPHOL JI J. Morphol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 277 IS 8 BP 1014 EP 1044 DI 10.1002/jmor.20554 PG 31 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA DR4WV UT WOS:000379904800002 PM 27255436 ER PT J AU Lohan, KMP Hill-Spanik, KM Torchin, ME Aguirre-Macedo, L Fleischer, RC Ruiz, GM AF Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp Hill-Spanik, Kristina M. Torchin, Mark E. Aguirre-Macedo, Leopoldina Fleischer, Robert C. Ruiz, Gregory M. TI Richness and distribution of tropical oyster parasites in two oceans SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Panama Canal; corridor; isthmus; biogeography; protist; species diversity ID SPECIES RICHNESS; HAPLOSPORIDIUM-NELSONI; LATITUDINAL GRADIENTS; PERKINSUS-MARINUS; CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; INFECTIONS; MEXICO; PINNOTHERIDAE; TURBELLARIAN AB Parasites can exert strong effects on population to ecosystem level processes, but data on parasites are limited for many global regions, especially tropical marine systems. Characterizing parasite diversity and distributions are the first steps towards understanding the potential impacts of parasites. The Panama Canal serves as an interesting location to examine tropical parasite diversity and distribution, as it is a conduit between two oceans and a hub for international trade. We examined metazoan and protistan parasites associated with ten oyster species collected from both Panamanian coasts, including the Panama Canal and Bocas del Toro. We found multiple metazoan taxa (pea crabs, Stylochus spp., Urastoma cyrinae). Our molecular screening for protistan parasites detected four species of Perkinsus (Perkinsus marinus, Perkinsus chesapeaki, Perkinsus olseni, Perkinsus beihaiensis) and several haplosporidians, including two genera (Minchinia, Haplosporidium). Species richness was higher for the protistan parasites than for the metazoans, with haplosporidian richness being higher than Perkinsus richness. Perkinsus species were the most frequently detected and most geographically widespread among parasite groups. Parasite richness and overlap differed between regions, locations and oyster hosts. These results have important implications for tropical parasite richness and the dispersal of parasites due to shipping associated with the Panama Canal. C1 [Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp; Hill-Spanik, Kristina M.; Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Lohan, Katrina M. Pagenkopp; Hill-Spanik, Kristina M.; Fleischer, Robert C.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Torchin, Mark E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Aguirre-Macedo, Leopoldina] IPN, CINVESTAV, Natl Polytech Inst, Ctr Invest & Adv Studies,Unidad Merida, Carretera Antigua Progreso Km 6,AP 73 Cordemex, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Mexico. [Hill-Spanik, Kristina M.] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. RP Lohan, KMP (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM lohank@si.edu RI Aguirre-Macedo, Ma Leopoldina/A-2511-2008; OI Aguirre-Macedo, Ma Leopoldina/0000-0002-3910-8305; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet and Hunterdon funds; Smithsonian Institution MarineGEO Postdoctoral Fellowship; NSF/BSI [DEB-0315995]; NSF AToL [EF-0531603]; NSF/RAPID [DEB 1045690] FX This project was supported with Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Award from the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet and Hunterdon funds to GMR. A Smithsonian Institution MarineGEO Postdoctoral Fellowship funded KM Pagenkopp Lohan. Funding for E. Palacios Theil and D. Felder was from NSF/BS&I DEB-0315995, NSF AToL EF-0531603, and NSF/RAPID DEB 1045690. This is contribution number 7 from the Smithsonian's Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD AUG PY 2016 VL 143 IS 9 BP 1119 EP 1132 DI 10.1017/S0031182015001900 PG 14 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DR6AK UT WOS:000379983300003 ER PT J AU Fricke, EC Wright, SJ AF Fricke, Evan C. Wright, S. Joseph TI The mechanical defence advantage of small seeds SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Allometric scaling; functional traits; intraspecific variation; optimal foraging; seed defence; seed predation ID TRADE-OFF; PREDATION; SIZE; DISPERSAL; FRUIT; DIMENSIONS; SELECTION; HISTORY; TRAITS; FOREST AB Seed size and toughness affect seed predators, and size-dependent investment in mechanical defence could affect relationships between seed size and predation. We tested how seed toughness and mechanical defence traits (tissue density and protective tissue content) are related to seed size among tropical forest species. Absolute toughness increased with seed size. However, smaller seeds had higher specific toughness both within and among species, with the smallest seeds requiring over 2000 times more energy per gram to break than the largest seeds. Investment in mechanical defence traits varied widely but independently of the toughness-mass allometry. Instead, a physical scaling relationship confers a toughness advantage on small seeds independent of selection on defence traits and without a direct cost. This scaling relationship may contribute to seed size diversity by decreasing fitness differences among large and small seeds. Allometric scaling of toughness reconciles predictions and conflicting empirical relationships between seed size and predation. C1 [Fricke, Evan C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. RP Fricke, EC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ecfricke@iastate.edu RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Fricke, Evan/0000-0002-0520-4200 FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; Walker Natural History Fund FX We thank Sebastian Bernal, Osvaldo Calderon, Rufino Gonzalez and Omar Hernandez for collecting samples and Sebastian Bernal for operating the force testing machine. We thank Dan Nowacki, Aaron Fricke, Dave Thoreson and Bill Kuykendall for work on the force testing machine. Angela Moles and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (to EF) and the Walker Natural History Fund. Data and code are archived in the Dryad Repository at http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.90f03. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 19 IS 8 BP 987 EP 991 DI 10.1111/ele.12637 PG 5 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DR5TW UT WOS:000379966300017 PM 27324185 ER PT J AU Crothers, L Saporito, RA Yeager, J Lynch, K Friesen, C Richards-Zawacki, CL McGraw, K Cummings, M AF Crothers, Laura Saporito, Ralph A. Yeager, Justin Lynch, Kathleen Friesen, Caitlin Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L. McGraw, Kevin Cummings, Molly TI Warning signal properties covary with toxicity but not testosterone or aggregate carotenoids in a poison frog SO EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aposematism; Chemical defense; Conspicuousness; Oophaga [Dendrobates] pumilio; Sexual selection; Signal reliability ID FEMALE MATE CHOICE; SEXUAL SELECTION; CHALLENGE HYPOTHESIS; APOSEMATIC SIGNALS; OOPHAGA-PUMILIO; HONEST SIGNALS; TUNGARA FROG; COLORATION; PIGMENTS; AGGRESSION AB Aposematic (warning) coloration is a highly conspicuous trait that is found throughout the animal kingdom. In several aposematic species, warning signals have been co-opted for use in conspecific communication systems; for example, in the toxic and bright orange Solarte population of the strawberry poison frog (Oophaga [Dendrobates] pumilio), the brightness of male warning coloration serves as a sexual signal by both attracting females and repelling rivals. Here, we investigate correlations between bright male warning coloration and several physiological characteristics (e.g., circulating testosterone and carotenoids and noxious alkaloids in the skin), to gain insights into the mechanisms underlying the signal variation in this population and to inform hypotheses regarding the evolutionary stability of this trait. We find that although measures of male brightness (viewer-dependent or viewer-independent) do not correlate with two classic correlates of sexually selected traits (circulating testosterone and aggregate carotenoids in the skin), male reflectance does show a positive correlation with concentrations of two xanthophyll carotenoids. Total reflectance (a viewer-independent measure of male brightness) also shows a negative relationship with aggregate pumiliotoxin in the skin, which is considered one of the major classes of defensive alkaloids in this species. Because the alkaloids used in this species' chemical defense are acquired from dietary sources, the magnitude of the reflectance intensity of a male's warning signal can potentially provide viewers with reliable information regarding territory quality, health, and/or current condition. C1 [Crothers, Laura] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Saporito, Ralph A.] John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, University Hts, OH 44118 USA. [Yeager, Justin] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 400 Lindy Boggs Bldg, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Lynch, Kathleen] Hofstra Univ, Dept Biol, Gittleson 324, Hempstead, NY 11549 USA. [Friesen, Caitlin; Cummings, Molly] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, 1 Univ Stn C0990, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, 4249 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Richards-Zawacki, Corinne L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [McGraw, Kevin] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Life Sci C Wing,Room 522, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Crothers, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM crothers@utexas.edu FU UT EEB grant; NSF DDIG [IOS 1110503]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute A. Stanley Rand fellowship; Animal Behavior Society Barlow Student Research Award; American Association of University Women fellowship; National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration grant FX This work complied with ANAM SE/A-112-08, SE/A-27-09, SEX/A-58-09, SE/A-30-11 and SE/A-36-12 permits, and UT 07092101 and AUP-2010-00139, Tulane 0382R and STRI 2008-03-12-05-2008 IACUC protocols. We thank Christina Buelow, Victoria Flores, Sara Mason and Anna Deasey for their exceptional field help, and Clyde and Wilson Stephens for the generous use of their property over the years. Special thanks to Hans Hofmann, Daniel Bolnick, Michael Ryan, Kyle Summers, William Wcislo, John Christy, and David Cannatella for their advice on experimental protocols. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers and the editors for helpful comments on previous versions of this manuscript. L.C. was supported by a UT EEB grant, NSF DDIG #IOS 1110503, a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute A. Stanley Rand fellowship, an Animal Behavior Society Barlow Student Research Award, and an American Association of University Women fellowship. L.C. and M.C. were supported by a National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration grant. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-7653 EI 1573-8477 J9 EVOL ECOL JI Evol. Ecol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 601 EP 621 DI 10.1007/s10682-016-9830-y PG 21 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DQ9HE UT WOS:000379520200002 ER PT J AU Reef, R Slot, M Motro, U Motro, M Motro, Y Adame, MF Garcia, M Aranda, J Lovelock, CE Winter, K AF Reef, Ruth Slot, Martijn Motro, Uzi Motro, Michal Motro, Yoav Adame, Maria F. Garcia, Milton Aranda, Jorge Lovelock, Catherine E. Winter, Klaus TI The effects of CO2 and nutrient fertilisation on the growth and temperature response of the mangrove Avicennia germinans SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Climate change; CO2; Eutrophication; Mangrove; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Photosynthesis; RUBISCO; Temperature response; Tropics ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; TROPICAL TREE SEEDLINGS; ELEVATED CO2; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NITROGEN LIMITATION; BIOMASS ALLOCATION; ENRICHMENT FACE; GAS-EXCHANGE; PLANT-GROWTH; SEA-LEVEL AB In order to understand plant responses to both the widespread phenomenon of increased nutrient inputs to coastal zones and the concurrent rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, CO2-nutrient interactions need to be considered. In addition to its potential stimulating effect on photosynthesis and growth, elevated CO2 affects the temperature response of photosynthesis. The scarcity of experiments testing how elevated CO2 affects the temperature response of tropical trees hinders our ability to model future primary productivity. In a glasshouse study, we examined the effects of elevated CO2 (800 ppm) and nutrient availability on seedlings of the widespread mangrove Avicennia germinans. We assessed photosynthetic performance, the temperature response of photosynthesis, seedling growth and biomass allocation. We found large synergistic gains in both growth (42 %) and photosynthesis (115 %) when seedlings grown under elevated CO2 were supplied with elevated nutrient concentrations relative to their ambient growing conditions. Growth was significantly enhanced under elevated CO2 only under high-nutrient conditions, mainly in above-ground tissues. Under low-nutrient conditions and elevated CO2, root volume was more than double that of seedlings grown under ambient CO2 levels. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the temperature optimum for photosynthesis by ca. 4 A degrees C. Rising CO2 concentrations are likely to have a significant positive effect on the growth rate of A. germinans over the next century, especially in areas where nutrient availability is high. C1 [Reef, Ruth] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Coastal Res Unit, Cambridge CB2 3EN, England. [Reef, Ruth; Lovelock, Catherine E.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Reef, Ruth] Monash Univ, Sch Earth Atmosphere & Environm, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Slot, Martijn; Garcia, Milton; Aranda, Jorge; Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Motro, Uzi] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, Dept Stat, Federmann Ctr Study Rational, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Motro, Michal] David Yellin Acad Coll Educ, IL-96342 Jerusalem, Israel. [Motro, Yoav] Minist Agr & Rural Dev, Plant Protect & Inspect Serv, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Adame, Maria F.] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. RP Reef, R (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Coastal Res Unit, Cambridge CB2 3EN, England.; Reef, R (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.; Reef, R (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Earth Atmosphere & Environm, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM rr491@cam.ac.uk FU Australian Research Council [DE120101706]; Marie Curie Fellowship [FP7-623720-STORM] FX We would like to thank Dr Aurelio Virgo for technical support. Funding for this study was provided by an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award to RR (DE120101706) and a Marie Curie Fellowship to RR (FP7-623720-STORM). Propagules were collected under Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente, Panama scientific permit No. SC/P-7-14. All data used in this manuscript are presented in the manuscript. NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 42 U2 66 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-8595 EI 1573-5079 J9 PHOTOSYNTH RES JI Photosynth. Res. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 129 IS 2 BP 159 EP 170 DI 10.1007/s11120-016-0278-2 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DQ6XJ UT WOS:000379349200004 PM 27259536 ER PT J AU Chuss, DT Ali, A Amiri, M Appel, J Bennett, CL Colazo, F Denis, KL Dunner, R Essinger-Hileman, T Eimer, J Fluxa, P Gothe, D Halpern, M Harrington, K Hilton, G Hinshaw, G Hubmayr, J Iuliano, J Marriage, TA Miller, N Moseley, SH Mumby, G Petroff, M Reintsema, C Rostem, K U-Yen, K Watts, D Wagner, E Wollack, EJ Xu, Z Zeng, L AF Chuss, D. T. Ali, A. Amiri, M. Appel, J. Bennett, C. L. Colazo, F. Denis, K. L. Dunner, R. Essinger-Hileman, T. Eimer, J. Fluxa, P. Gothe, D. Halpern, M. Harrington, K. Hilton, G. Hinshaw, G. Hubmayr, J. Iuliano, J. Marriage, T. A. Miller, N. Moseley, S. H. Mumby, G. Petroff, M. Reintsema, C. Rostem, K. U-Yen, K. Watts, D. Wagner, E. Wollack, E. J. Xu, Z. Zeng, L. TI Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Focal Plane Development SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE CMB; TES ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIMETRY; BANDWIDTH AB The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) will measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background to search for and characterize the polarized signature of inflation. CLASS will operate from the Atacama Desert and observe 70 % of the sky. A variable-delay polarization modulator provides modulation of the polarization at 10 Hz to suppress the 1/f noise of the atmosphere and enable the measurement of the large angular scale polarization modes. The measurement of the inflationary signal across angular scales that spans both the recombination and reionization features allows a test of the predicted shape of the polarized angular power spectra in addition to a measurement of the energy scale of inflation. CLASS is an array of telescopes covering frequencies of 38, 93, 148, and 217 GHz. These frequencies straddle the foreground minimum and thus allow the extraction of foregrounds from the primordial signal. Each focal plane contains feedhorn-coupled transition-edge sensors that simultaneously detect two orthogonal linear polarizations. The use of single-crystal silicon as the dielectric for the on-chip transmission lines enables both high efficiency and uniformity in fabrication. Integrated band definition has been implemented that both controls the bandpass of the single-mode transmission on the chip and prevents stray light from coupling to the detectors. C1 [Chuss, D. T.] Villanova Univ, Dept Phys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Ali, A.; Appel, J.; Bennett, C. L.; Essinger-Hileman, T.; Eimer, J.; Gothe, D.; Harrington, K.; Iuliano, J.; Marriage, T. A.; Miller, N.; Mumby, G.; Petroff, M.; Rostem, K.; Watts, D.; Wagner, E.; Xu, Z.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Colazo, F.; Miller, N.; Moseley, S. H.; Rostem, K.; Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Denis, K. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 553, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [U-Yen, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 555, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Amiri, M.; Halpern, M.; Hinshaw, G.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.; Reintsema, C.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Zeng, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dunner, R.; Fluxa, P.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Santiago, Chile. RP Chuss, DT (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Phys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. EM david.chuss@villanova.edu RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Watts, Duncan/0000-0002-5437-6121 FU National Science Foundation [0959349, 1429236]; NASA ROSES/APRA program; NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship [NNX14AM49H]; Maryland Space Grant Consortium FX Support for CLASS has been provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant Numbers 0959349 and 1429236. The NASA ROSES/APRA program has provided funding for the development of the detectors. K. Harrington was supported by a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship (NNX14AM49H). D Watts is funded by the Maryland Space Grant Consortium. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 184 IS 3-4 BP 759 EP 764 DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1368-9 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DQ2HF UT WOS:000379022700036 ER PT J AU Wu, WLK Ade, PAR Ahmed, Z Alexander, KD Amiri, M Barkats, D Benton, SJ Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Bowens-Rubin, R Buder, I Bullock, E Buza, V Connors, JA Filippini, JP Fliescher, S Grayson, JA Halpern, M Harrison, SA Hilton, GC Hristov, VV Hui, H Irwin, KD Kang, J Karkare, KS Karpel, E Kefeli, S Kernasovskiy, SA Kovac, JM Kuo, CL Megerian, KG Netterfield, CB Nguyen, HT O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Pryke, C Reintsema, CD Richter, S Sorensen, C Staniszewski, ZK Steinbach, B Sudiwala, RV Teply, GP Thompson, KL Tolan, JE Tucker, CE Turner, AD Vieregg, AG Weber, AC Wiebe, DV Willmert, J Yoon, KW AF Wu, W. L. K. Ade, P. A. R. Ahmed, Z. Alexander, K. D. Amiri, M. Barkats, D. Benton, S. J. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Bowens-Rubin, R. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Buza, V. Connors, J. A. Filippini, J. P. Fliescher, S. Grayson, J. A. Halpern, M. Harrison, S. A. Hilton, G. C. Hristov, V. V. Hui, H. Irwin, K. D. Kang, J. Karkare, K. S. Karpel, E. Kefeli, S. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Kovac, J. M. Kuo, C. L. Megerian, K. G. Netterfield, C. B. Nguyen, H. T. O'Brient, R. Ogburn, R. W. Pryke, C. Reintsema, C. D. Richter, S. Sorensen, C. Staniszewski, Z. K. Steinbach, B. Sudiwala, R. V. Teply, G. P. Thompson, K. L. Tolan, J. E. Tucker, C. E. Turner, A. D. Vieregg, A. G. Weber, A. C. Wiebe, D. V. Willmert, J. Yoon, K. W. TI Initial Performance of Bicep3: A Degree Angular Scale 95 GHz Band Polarimeter SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cosmic microwave background; Primordial gravitational waves; Inflation; Instrumentation: polarimetry; Telescopes AB Bicep3 is a 550-mm aperture telescope with cold, on-axis, refractive optics designed to observe at the 95-GHz band from the South Pole. It is the newest member of the Bicep/Keck family of inflationary probes specifically designed to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at degree angular scales. Bicep3 is designed to house 1280 dual-polarization pixels, which, when fully populated, totals to 9 the number of pixels in a single Keck 95-GHz receiver, thus further advancing the Bicep/Keck program's 95 GHz mapping speed. Bicep3 was deployed during the austral summer of 2014-2015 with nine detector tiles, to be increased to its full capacity of 20 in the second season. After instrument characterization, measurements were taken, and CMB observation commenced in April 2015. Together with multi-frequency observation data from Planck, Bicep2, and the Keck Array, Bicep3 is projected to set upper limits on the tensor-to-scalar ratio to at 95 % C.L. C1 [Wu, W. L. K.; Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wu, W. L. K.; Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Yoon, K. W.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Sudiwala, R. V.; Tucker, C. E.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J. A.; Harrison, S. A.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Sorensen, C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Amiri, M.; Halpern, M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.; Wiebe, D. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Bock, J. J.; Hristov, V. V.; Hui, H.; Kefeli, S.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Megerian, K. G.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A. C.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bullock, E.; Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. [Hilton, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Wu, WLK (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM wlwu@stanford.edu OI Barkats, Denis/0000-0002-8971-1954 FU National Science Foundation [1313158, 1313010, 1313062, 1313287, 1056465, 0960243]; SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund; Canada Foundation for Innovation, Science and Technology Facilities Council Consolidated Grant [ST/K000926/1]; British Columbia Development Fund; JPL Research and Technology Development Fund; NASA APRA program [06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017, 12-SAT12-0031]; NASA SAT program [06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017, 12-SAT12-0031] FX This work is supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 1313158, 1313010, 1313062, 1313287, 1056465, 0960243), the SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, Science and Technology Facilities Council Consolidated Grant (ST/K000926/1), and the British Columbia Development Fund. The development of detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and Technology Development Fund and Grants 06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017, and 12-SAT12-0031 from the NASA APRA and SAT programs. The development and testing of detector modules were supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2291 EI 1573-7357 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 184 IS 3-4 BP 765 EP 771 DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1403-x PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA DQ2HF UT WOS:000379022700037 ER PT J AU Kar, N Garzione, CN Jaramillo, C Shanahan, T Carlotto, V Pullen, A Moreno, F Anderson, V Moreno, E Eiler, J AF Kar, Nandini Garzione, Carmala N. Jaramillo, Carlos Shanahan, Timothy Carlotto, Victor Pullen, Alex Moreno, Federico Anderson, Veronica Moreno, Enrique Eiler, John TI Rapid regional surface uplift of the northern Altiplano plateau revealed by multiproxy paleoclimate reconstruction SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Altiplano; paleoelevation; leaf wax; clumped isotope; pollen; multiproxy ID LATE MIOCENE RISE; CENTRAL ANDES; CLUMPED-ISOTOPE; SOUTHERN PERU; PALEOSOL CARBONATES; MANTLE LITHOSPHERE; WESTERN CORDILLERA; BOLIVIAN ALTIPLANO; TIBETAN PLATEAU; C-13-O-18 BONDS AB The central Altiplano is inferred to have experienced similar to 2.5 +/- 1 km surface uplift between similar to 10 and 6 Ma, while the southern Altiplano experienced a similar magnitude of surface uplift that began earlier, between similar to 16 and 9 Ma. To properly constrain the along strike timing of the Altiplano plateau surface uplift, it is necessary to know how and when the northernmost part of the Altiplano plateau evolved. We reconstruct the paleoclimate and infer the corresponding paleoelevation from the Miocene-Pliocene deposits of the Descanso-Yauri basin (14-15 degrees S) in the northernmost part of the Altiplano plateau using 4 different proxies, including carbonate clumped isotope composition (i.e.,.Delta(47) values), carbonate delta O-18(c), leaf wax delta D-wax and pollen assemblages from paleosol, lacustrine and palustrine carbonates and organic rich sediments. The isotopic signatures reflect past climate conditions of mean annual air temperature (Delta(47)) and meteoric water isotope values (delta O-18(c), delta D-wax). Our results show that the northernmost plateau remained at low elevation (0.9 +/- 0.8 to 2.1 +/- 0.9 km) until late Miocene time (similar to 9 Ma) characterized by similar to 15 degrees C warmer than modern temperature (mean annual air temperature of 23 +/- 4 degrees C, 2 sigma), low elevation vegetation and precipitation signature with reconstructed square delta O-18(mw) (VSMOW) of -8.3 +/- 2.0 parts per thousand (2 sigma) from carbonate (delta O-18(c)) and -8.6 +/- 1.8 parts per thousand (2 sigma) from leaf wax (delta D-wax). Modern elevations of 4 km were not reached until 5.4 +/- 1.0 Ma, as indicated by a negative shift in delta D-wax (VSMOW) from -143.4 +/- 12.8 parts per thousand (2 sigma) to -209.2 +/- 21.1 parts per thousand (2 sigma) between 9.1 +/- 0.7 and 5.4 +/- 1.0 Ma. The timing of surface uplift of the northernmost Altiplano is consistent with the evidence for late Miocene surface uplift of the central Altiplano (16-19 degrees S) between 10 and 6 Ma, and indicates that regional scale uplift in the northern-central plateau significantly postdates the onset of surface uplift in the southern Altiplano (19-22 degrees S) between similar to 16 and 9 Ma. These results are consistent with piecemeal removal of the lower dense lithosphere, combined with possible lower/middle crustal flow from south to north in the plateau acting as the main mechanisms for the formation of the Altiplano plateau. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kar, Nandini; Garzione, Carmala N.; Pullen, Alex; Moreno, Federico] Univ Rochester, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 227 Hutchison Hall, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Jaramillo, Carlos; Moreno, Federico; Moreno, Enrique] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Shanahan, Timothy; Anderson, Veronica] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Carlotto, Victor] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Av Cultura, Cuzco, Peru. [Eiler, John] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Pullen, Alex] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Kar, N (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 227 Hutchison Hall, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM nandini.kar@rochester.edu OI Kar, Nandini/0000-0001-5084-0292 FU NSF [0908858, 1338694, EAR-1226984, EAR1019857]; National Geographic Society Exploration Grant; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Anders Foundation FX This work was funded by NSF grants 0908858 and 1338694 to Garzione and NSF grants EAR-1226984 and EAR1019857 to Shanahan, as well as, funds provided by a National Geographic Society Exploration Grant, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and the Anders Foundation to Jaramillo. We would like to thank Sarah Smith and Luis Navarrete for their help in field and Pennilyn Higgins and Greg Hoke for their assistance with lab work. We also thank the editor An Yin and the reviewer Jonas Kley and the two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments and critiques that helped to strengthen the manuscript. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 447 BP 33 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.04.025 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DP4AS UT WOS:000378438400004 ER PT J AU Waters, LE Lange, RA AF Waters, Laura E. Lange, Rebecca A. TI No effect of H2O degassing on the oxidation state of magmatic liquids SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE degassing; dissolved H2O; oxidation state; rhyolites; differentiation ID NATURAL SILICATE LIQUIDS; FERRIC-FERROUS RATIO; OXYGEN FUGACITY; RHYOLITIC MELTS; REDOX STATES; MORB GLASSES; IRON; FE; MANTLE; EVOLUTION AB The underlying cause for why subduction-zone magmas are systematically more oxidized than those formed at mid-ocean spreading ridges is a topic of vigorous debate. It is either a primary feature inherited from the subduction of oxidized oceanic crust into the mantle or a secondary feature that develops because of H2O degassing and/or magma differentiation. Low total iron contents and high melt H2O contents render rhyolites sensitive to any effect of H2O degassing on ferric-ferrous ratios. Here, pre-eruptive magmatic Fe2+ concentrations, measured using Fe-Ti oxides that co-crystallized with silicate phenocrysts under hydrous conditions, are compared with Fe2+ post-eruptive concentrations in ten crystal-poor, fully-degassed obsidian samples; five are microlite free. No effect of H2O degassing on the ferric-ferrous ratio is found. In addition, Fe-Ti oxide data from this study and the literature show that arc magmas are systematically more oxidized than both basalts and hydrous silicic melts from Iceland and Yellowstone prior to extensive degassing. Nor is there any evidence that differentiation (i.e., crystal fractionation, crustal assimilation) is the cause of the higher redox state of arc magmas relative to those of Iceland/Yellowstone rhyolites. Instead, the evidence points to subduction of oxidized crust and the release of an H2O-rich fluid and/or melt with a high oxygen fugacity (f(O2)), which plays a role during H2O-flux melting of the mantle in creating basalts that are relatively oxidized. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Waters, Laura E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, 10th & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Lange, Rebecca A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 1100 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Waters, LE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, 10th & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM watersl@si.edu FU National Science Foundation [EAR-12503685] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation: EAR-12503685. Comments on an earlier draft by Gordon Moore, Adam Simon, and Youxue Zhang are greatly appreciated. Ben Andrews is thanked for assistance with FTIR analyses. Additionally, thoughtful reviews by Roman Botcharnikov, Maryjo Brounce and Margret Hartley considerably improved this manuscript, along with helpful editorial comments by Tamsin Mather. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 13 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 2016 VL 447 BP 48 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.04.030 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DP4AS UT WOS:000378438400005 ER PT J AU Zhang, N Wen, J Zimmer, EA AF Zhang, Ning Wen, Jun Zimmer, Elizabeth A. TI Another look at the phylogenetic position of the grape order Vitales: Chloroplast phylogenomics with an expanded sampling of key lineages SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Plastid genome; Phylogenomics; Saxifragales; Vitales ID RECIPROCAL GENE LOSS; EARLY DIVERSIFICATION; SEQUENCE DATA; SAXIFRAGALES ANGIOSPERMS; RAPID RADIATION; CORE EUDICOTS; SEED PLANTS; GENOME; VITACEAE; SELECTION AB Vitales is well-known for including the economically important fruit crop, the wine grape (Vitis vinifera). However, the position of the Vitales in the higher eudicots has been a subject of much debate. It has been variously reported to be sister to the Saxifragales and together as sister to the rest of rosids, or sister to the fabids-malvids clade, or sister to the Santalales, or sister to the fabids-malvids-Saxifragales clade. However, in all of these scenarios, the support values for the relationship of Vitales on the phylogenies were only low to moderate. Additionally, all previous studies sampled only Vitis vitufera as the representative of the Vitales. We herein expanded the sampling of the Vitales to include representatives of all major clades of the order, as well as representatives of other key lineages including Saxifragales, Dilleniales, and Santalales. Extensive likelihood and Bayesian analyses were conducted to test the position of Vitales, using different numbers of genes, a variety of partitioning strategies, and both nucleotide and amino acid sequences. With the expanded sampling strategy, almost all analyses supported the relationship of Vitales as sister to Saxifragales. This relationship was supported in a 72-gene data set with a bootstrap value of 91%, the highest support value reported to date. Based on this topology, we discuss possible morphological synapomorphies shared between Vitales and Saxifragales. Furthermore, a hypothesis of reticulate evolution was postulated as an explanation for the incongruence of Vitales' position when comparing plastid and nuclear gene phylogenies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zhang, Ning; Wen, Jun; Zimmer, Elizabeth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wen, J; Zimmer, EA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu; zimmerl@si.edu FU National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Endowment Grant FX This study was supported by a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship from the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution to N. Z., and a Smithsonian Endowment Grant to J.W. and E.A.Z. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 101 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.034 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DP0OC UT WOS:000378188100018 PM 27138293 ER PT J AU Craddock, RA Golombek, MP AF Craddock, Robert A. Golombek, Matthew P. TI Characteristics of terrestrial basaltic rock populations: Implications for Mars lander and rover science and safety SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars; Mars, surface; Terrestrial planets ID PATHFINDER LANDING SITE; MARTIAN SURFACE; GROUND ICE; SOUTHWEST ICELAND; VIKING LANDERS; BRITTLE SOLIDS; FRAGMENT SIZE; DEBRIS FLOWS; GRAIN SHAPE; GALE CRATER AB We analyzed the morphometry of basaltic rock populations that have been emplaced or affected by a variety of geologic processes, including explosive volcanic eruptions (as a proxy for impact cratering), catastrophic flooding, frost shattering, salt weathering, alluvial deposition, and chemical weathering. Morphometric indices for these rock populations were compared to an unmodified population of rocks that had broken off a solidified lava flow to understand how different geologic processes change rock shape. We found that a majority of rocks have an sphericity described as either a disc or sphere in the Zingg classification system and posit that this is a function of cooling fractures in the basalt (Zingg [1935] Schweiz. Miner. Petrogr. Mitt., 15, 39-140). Angularity (roundness) is the most diagnostic morphometric index, but the Corey Shape Factor (CSF), Oblate-Prolate Index (OPI) and deviation from compactness (D) also sometimes distinguished weathering processes. Comparison of our results to prior analyses of rock populations found at the Mars Pathfinder, Spirit, and Curiosity landing sites support previous conclusions. The observation that the size-frequency distribution of terrestrial rock populations follow exponential functions similar to lander and orbital measurements of rocks on Mars, which is expected from fracture and fragmentation theory, indicates that these distributions are being dominantly controlled by the initial fracture and fragmentation of the basalt. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Craddock, Robert A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Golombek, Matthew P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Div Earth & Space Sci, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Craddock, RA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM craddockb@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution's George F. Becker endowment fund; Smithsonian Institution's George F. Becker Endowment FX This research was supported by the Smithsonian Institution's George F. Becker endowment fund. We thank Scott Eaton, Carolyn Russo, and Alan Howard for assistance in the field. We also thank Aileen Yingst for her constructive comments on the initial draft of this manuscript. Scott Rowland and an anonymous reviewer provided many valuable and insightful comments that improved the final version of the manuscript. This research was partially supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's George F. Becker Endowment. Part of the research in this paper was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. NR 156 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD AUG PY 2016 VL 274 BP 50 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.02.042 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DL8IM UT WOS:000375885700005 ER PT J AU Foroutan, M Zimbelman, JR AF Foroutan, M. Zimbelman, J. R. TI Mega-ripples in Iran: A new analog for transverse aeolian ridges on Mars SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Earth; Mars, surface; Aeolian processes; Mars, climate ID MEGARIPPLES; DUNES; LUT AB A new terrestrial analog site for transverse aeolian ridges (TARs) is described in this study. The Lut desert of Iran hosts large ripple-like aeolian bedforms, with the same horizontal length scales and patterns of TARs on Mars. Different classes of TARs and different types of other aeolian features such as sand dunes, zibars, dust devil tracks and yardangs can be found in this area, which signify an active aeolian region. This area represents a unique site to study the formation and evolution of these enigmatic features, with potential relevance toward a better understanding of TARs on Mars. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Foroutan, M.] Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Zimbelman, J. R.] Smithsonian Inst, CEPS NASM MRC 315, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Foroutan, M (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. EM foroutam@ucalgary.ca NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD AUG PY 2016 VL 274 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.03.025 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DL8IM UT WOS:000375885700008 ER PT J AU Jud, NA Sohn, JC AF Jud, Nathan A. Sohn, Jae-Cheon TI Evidence for an ancient association between leaf mining flies and herbaceous eudicot angiosperms SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cretaceous; Albian; Potomac Group; eudicot; Schizophora; Agromyzidae ID POTOMAC GROUP; AGROMYZIDAE; EVOLUTION; DIPTERA; ARCHITECTURE; LIRIOMYZA; SEQUENCE; BIOLOGY; USA AB We describe an early angiosperm and a leaf mine ichnofossil from the Lower Cretaceous Potomac Group of Virginia, USA. The descriptions are based on a fossil leaf that was first reported in 1895 but identified as a fragment of a fossil fern. The new genus and species of angiosperm, Vernifolium tenuiloba Jud and Sohn, gen. et sp. nov., was likely herbaceous and is based on a twice odd-pinnatifid leaf with glandular teeth at the tips of the lobes, and minute resin bodies covering the lamina. Leaf architectural features and sedimentological context indicate that this leaf was produced by an herbaceous eudicot angiosperm, possibly associated with Ranunculales. The leaf mine Phytomyzites wardi Sohn and Jud, ichnosp. n. is a full depth linear-blotch mine with frass, a trace of puparium inside the blotch mine section, and feeding/oviposition-related puncture marks. The features of the mine are most consistent with those produced by agromyzid flies. This fossil extends the record of agromyzid flies by about 40 myr. Furthermore, data from molecular studies suggests that the ancestral hosts for agromyzid flies are asterids, with several later host-shifts to feeding on Ranunculaceae, but this fossil provides evidence that agromyzid flies or their ancestors were feeding on herbaceous basal eudicots similar to modern herbaceous ranunculids during the Early Cretaceous, prior to the appearance and diversification of asterids. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jud, Nathan A.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Palaeontol, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Mokpo Natl Univ, Inst Littoral Environm, Muan 58554, Jeonnam, South Korea. RP Sohn, JC (reprint author), Mokpo Natl Univ, Inst Littoral Environm, Muan 58554, Jeonnam, South Korea. EM jay.c.sohn@gmail.com FU Peter Buck Pre-Doctoral Fellowship; Smithsonian Institution; Korea Research Fellowship program - Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning through National Research Foundation of Korea [2015035581]; University of Maryland Graduate School; University of Maryland Program in Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics; Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station; Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We appreciate of two anonymous reviewers who gave several useful comments for improving our manuscript. We would like to thank Dr. Conrad Labandeira (National Museum of Natural History) for giving several thoughtful suggestions for our early manuscript. We are also indebted to Drs. Donald R. Davis (National Museum of Natural History) and Sonja J. Scheffer (ARS-United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland) who helped our identification of the fossil specimen and provided photos of extant examples. This work was supported from the Peter Buck Pre-Doctoral (for NAJ) and Postdoctoral (for JCS) Fellowships, Smithsonian Institution, from the Korea Research Fellowship program funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning through National Research Foundation of Korea (2015035581), and by the University of Maryland Graduate School; the University of Maryland Program in Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics; the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD AUG PY 2016 VL 63 BP 113 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2016.02.019 PG 9 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA DK8GI UT WOS:000375164800014 ER PT J AU Kain, B Ling, HY AF Kain, Ben Ling, Hong Y. TI Generalized Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov description of the Frohlich polaron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO; FERMI GAS; ULTRACOLD GASES; MIXTURE; ATOMS; BOSE AB We adapt the generalized Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) method to an interacting many-phonon system free of impurities. The many-phonon system is obtained from applying the Lee-Low-Pine (LLP) transformation to the Frohlich model which describes a mobile impurity coupled to noninteracting phonons. We specialize our general HFB description of the Frohlich polaron to Bose polarons in quasi-one-dimensional cold-atom mixtures. The LLP-transformed many-phonon system distinguishes itself with an artificial phonon-phonon interaction which is very different from the usual two-body interaction. We use the quasi-one-dimensional model, which is free of an ultraviolet divergence that exists in higher dimensions, to better understand how this unique interaction affects polaron states and how the density and pair correlations inherent to the HFB method conspire to create a polaron ground state with an energy in good agreement with and far closer to the prediction from Feynman's variational path integral approach than mean-field theory where HFB correlations are absent. C1 [Kain, Ben] Coll Holy Cross, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Ling, Hong Y.] Rowan Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA. [Ling, Hong Y.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ling, Hong Y.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kain, B (reprint author), Coll Holy Cross, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY11-25915] FX B.K. is grateful to ITAMP and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for their hospitality during the beginning stages of this work. H.Y.L. is supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY11-25915. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 29 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 AR 013621 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.013621 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DT4UF UT WOS:000381475900009 ER PT J AU Byrne, PK Ostrach, LR Fassett, CI Chapman, CR Denevi, BW Evans, AJ Klimczak, C Banks, ME Head, JW Solomon, SC AF Byrne, Paul K. Ostrach, Lillian R. Fassett, Caleb I. Chapman, Clark R. Denevi, Brett W. Evans, Alexander J. Klimczak, Christian Banks, Maria E. Head, James W. Solomon, Sean C. TI Widespread effusive volcanism on Mercury likely ended by about 3.5Ga SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Mercury; volcanism; crater size-frequency distributions; global contraction; impact cratering ID 1ST MESSENGER FLYBY; INNER SOLAR-SYSTEM; SMOOTH PLAINS; GLOBAL CONTRACTION; CRATER CHRONOLOGY; EVOLUTION; ERUPTIONS; ORIGIN; STRATIGRAPHY; INTERIOR AB Crater size-frequency analyses have shown that the largest volcanic plains deposits on Mercury were emplaced around 3.7Ga, as determined with recent model production function chronologies for impact crater formation on that planet. To test the hypothesis that all major smooth plains on Mercury were emplaced by about that time, we determined crater size-frequency distributions for the nine next-largest deposits, which we interpret also as volcanic. Our crater density measurements are consistent with those of the largest areas of smooth plains on the planet. Model ages based on recent crater production rate estimates for Mercury imply that the main phase of plains volcanism on Mercury had ended by similar to 3.5Ga, with only small-scale volcanism enduring beyond that time. Cessation of widespread effusive volcanism is attributable to interior cooling and contraction of the innermost planet. C1 [Byrne, Paul K.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Planetary Res Grp, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Byrne, Paul K.; Klimczak, Christian; Solomon, Sean C.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DE USA. [Ostrach, Lillian R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Syst Explorat Div, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Fassett, Caleb I.] Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Astron, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. [Chapman, Clark R.; Evans, Alexander J.] Southwest Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO USA. [Denevi, Brett W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Evans, Alexander J.; Solomon, Sean C.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. [Klimczak, Christian] Univ Georgia, Dept Geol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Banks, Maria E.] Smithsonian Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DE USA. [Banks, Maria E.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Head, James W.] Brown Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Byrne, PK (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Planetary Res Grp, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM paul.byrne@ncsu.edu RI Denevi, Brett/I-6502-2012 OI Denevi, Brett/0000-0001-7837-6663 FU NASA Discovery Program [NASW-00002, NAS5-97271]; North Carolina State University; NASA [NNX14AR88G] FX We thank David A. Rothery and an anonymous reviewer for their comments that helped improve the paper. We also thank Greg Michael for his help with the application of Poisson timing analysis with Craterstats to this study. The MESSENGER project is supported by the NASA Discovery Program under contracts NASW-00002 to the Carnegie Institution of Washington and NAS5-97271 to The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. P.K.B. acknowledges support from North Carolina State University faculty start-up funds. C.I.F. is supported on this study by NASA grant NNX14AR88G. All MESSENGER data used in this paper are publicly available at the NASA Planetary Data System (PDS). This research made use of NASA's PDS and Astrophysics Data System. NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 14 BP 7408 EP 7416 DI 10.1002/2016GL069412 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DV9VL UT WOS:000383290200016 ER PT J AU Jesovnik, A Gonzalez, VL Schultz, TR AF Jesovnik, Ana Gonzalez, Vanessa L. Schultz, Ted R. TI Phylogenomics and Divergence Dating of Fungus-Farming Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Genera Sericomyrmex and Apterostigma SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GROWING ANTS; TRANSCRIPTOME; GENOME; EVOLUTION; HOST; RECONSTRUCTION; INFERENCE; BACTERIA; PLATFORM; ENZYMES AB Fungus-farming ("attine") ants are model systems for studies of symbiosis, coevolution, and advanced eusociality. A New World clade of nearly 300 species in 15 genera, all attine ants cultivate fungal symbionts for food. In order to better understand the evolution of ant agriculture, we sequenced, assembled, and analyzed transcriptomes of four different attine ant species in two genera: three species in the higher-attine genus Sericomyrmex and a single lower-attine ant species, Apterostigma megacephala, representing the first genomic data for either genus. These data were combined with published genomes of nine other ant species and the honey bee Apis mellifera for phylogenomic and divergence-dating analyses. The resulting phylogeny confirms relationships inferred in previous studies of fungus-farming ants. Divergence-dating analyses recovered slightly older dates than most prior analyses, estimating that attine ants originated 53.6-66.7 million of years ago, and recovered a very long branch subtending a very recent, rapid radiation of the genus Sericomyrmex. This result is further confirmed by a separate analysis of the three Sericomyrmex species, which reveals that 92.71% of orthologs have 99% - 100% pairwise-identical nucleotide sequences. We searched the transcriptomes for genes of interest, most importantly argininosuccinate synthase and argininosuccinate lyase, which are functional in other ants but which are known to have been lost in seven previously studied attine ant species. Loss of the ability to produce the amino acid arginine has been hypothesized to contribute to the obligate dependence of attine ants upon their cultivated fungi, but the point in fungus-farming ant evolution at which these losses occurred has remained unknown. We did not find these genes in any of the sequenced transcriptomes. Although expected for Sericomyrmex species, the absence of arginine anabolic genes in the lower-attine ant Apterostigma megacephala strongly suggests that the loss coincided with the origin of attine ants. C1 [Jesovnik, Ana; Schultz, Ted R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Jesovnik, Ana] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Maryland Ctr Systemat Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gonzalez, Vanessa L.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Global Genome Initiat, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Jesovnik, A; Schultz, TR (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Jesovnik, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Maryland Ctr Systemat Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM jesovnika@si.edu; schultzt@si.edu FU Explorers Club Washington Group Exploration and Field Research Grant; National Science Foundation [DEB-0949689]; Smithsonian Office of the Under Secretary for Science; Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Small Grants Program; University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institution Seed Grant; Peter S. Buck Graduate Fellowship FX Travel expenses for AJ were partly supported by an Explorers Club Washington Group Exploration and Field Research Grant awarded in 2012 (http://www.explorersclubdc.org). TRS and AJ were supported by National Science Foundation (http://www.nsf.gov) grant DEB-0949689, the Smithsonian Office of the Under Secretary for Science, the Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science (http://www.si.edu), the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Small Grants Program (http://www.mnh.si.edu), and a University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institution Seed Grant (http://www.umd.edu). AJ was additionally supported by a Peter S. Buck Graduate Fellowship administered by the Smithsonian Office of Fellowships and Internships (OFI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0151059 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0151059 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DT5IL UT WOS:000381516100003 PM 27466804 ER PT J AU Costa, DNR Savaris, M Marinoni, L Mathis, WN AF Costa, Daniel N. R. Savaris, Marcoandre Marinoni, Luciane Mathis, Wayne N. TI Two new, brachypterous Limnellia species from the Venezuelan Andes (Diptera: Ephydridae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Shore flies; Ephydrinae; Scatellini; L. flavifrontis; L. vounitis; New World; Neotropical; systematics; taxonomy AB Two new, brachypterous species of Limnellia are described from specimens collected in the Venezuelan Andes: L. vounitis (Trujillo: Bocon, La Cristalina (Andes; 09 degrees 14.7'N, 70 degrees 19.1'W; 2500 m)) and L. flavifrontis (Merida: Merida, Sierra Nevada National Park (Laguna Negra; 8 degrees 47.1'N; 70 degrees 48.4'W; 3300 m)). To facilitate identification of these unusual species, we have included a diagnosis of the tribe Scatellini and of the genus Limnellia and have also provided an annotated key to the South American genera of this tribe. The descriptions are supplemented with illustrations, photographs, and scanning electron micrographs of external structures and structures of the male terminalia. C1 [Costa, Daniel N. R.; Savaris, Marcoandre; Marinoni, Luciane] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Mathis, Wayne N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, NHB 169,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Costa, DNR (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM negosekidan@ufpr.br; plaumannimyia@gmail.com; lmarinoni@ufpr.br; mathisw@si.edu RI Gesseff, Ednilson/A-3019-2017; Marinoni, Luciane /C-5720-2013 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cienifico e Tecnologico-Brasil [234167/2014-9, 200277/2015-4]; CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil); CNPq FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance and cooperation of many organizations and individuals who contributed to the research and production of this paper. For reviewing an early draft of this paper we thank T. Zatwarnicki and A. G. Irwin. This study was supported by grants from CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cienifico e Tecnologico-Brasil (Process number 234167/2014-9 and 200277/2015-4) and CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 4144 IS 3 BP 301 EP 315 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4144.3.1 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DS1LL UT WOS:000380357000001 PM 27470858 ER PT J AU Wright, NJ Drake, JJ AF Wright, Nicholas J. Drake, Jeremy J. TI Solar-type dynamo behaviour in fully convective stars without a tachocline SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVITY-ROTATION RELATIONSHIP; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; X-RAY-EMISSION; M-DWARF STARS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; STELLAR-ACTIVITY; COOL NEIGHBORS; GENERATION; MODELS; FLUX AB In solar-type stars (with radiative cores and convective envelopes like our Sun), the magnetic field powers star spots, flares and other solar phenomena, as well as chromospheric and coronal emission at ultraviolet to X-ray wavelengths. The dynamo responsible for generating the field depends on the shearing of internal magnetic fields by differential rotation(1,2). The shearing has long been thought to take place in a boundary layer known as the tachocline between the radiative core and the convective envelope(3). Fully convective stars do not have a tachocline and their dynamo mechanism is expected to be very different(4), although its exact form and physical dependencies are not known. Here we report observations of four fully convective stars whose X-ray emission correlates with their rotation periods in the same way as in solar-type stars. As the X-ray activity-rotation relationship is a well-established proxy for the behaviour of the magnetic dynamo, these results imply that fully convective stars also operate a solar-type dynamo. The lack of a tachocline in fully convective stars therefore suggests that this is not a critical ingredient in the solar dynamo and supports models in which the dynamo originates throughout the convection zone. C1 [Wright, Nicholas J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Drake, Jeremy J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wright, NJ (reprint author), Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. EM nick.nwright@gmail.com FU Royal Astronomical Society; STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowship; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX N.J.W. acknowledges a Royal Astronomical Society Research Fellowship and an STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowship. J.J.D. was supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 to the Chandra X-ray Center. We thank J. Irwin, R. Jeffries and A. West for assistance and comments on an early draft of this paper. This research has made use of the Vizier (http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/VizieR) and SIMBAD (http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-fid) databases (operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France). NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 535 IS 7613 BP 526 EP + DI 10.1038/nature18638 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS5XP UT WOS:000380856600023 PM 27466124 ER PT J AU Topcu, T Derevianko, A AF Topcu, T. Derevianko, A. TI Possibility of triple magic trapping of clock and Rydberg states of divalent atoms in optical lattices SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Rydberg atoms; magic trapping; optical lattices; divalent atoms; quantum information processing ID YTTERBIUM; SPECTROSCOPY; LIFETIMES; BLOCKADE AB We predict the possibility of 'triply magic' optical lattice trapping of neutral divalent atoms. In such a lattice, the S-1(0) and P-3(0) clock states and an additional Rydberg state experience identical optical potentials, fully mitigating detrimental effects of the motional decoherence. In particular, we show that this triply magic trapping condition can be satisfied for Yb atom at optical wavelengths and for various other divalent systems (Ca, Mg, Hg and Sr) in the UV region. We assess the quality of triple magic trapping conditions by estimating the probability of excitation out of the motional ground state as a result of the excitations between the clock and the Rydberg states. We also calculate trapping laser-induced photoionization rates of divalent Rydberg atoms at magic frequencies. We find that such rates are below the radiative spontaneous-emission rates, due to the presence of Cooper minima in photoionization cross-sections. C1 [Topcu, T.; Derevianko, A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Topcu, T.; Derevianko, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Topcu, T (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.; Topcu, T (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ttopcu.unr@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY-1212482]; Simons foundation FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. PHY-1212482. AD was also supported by the Simons foundation as a Simons fellow in theoretical physics. TT and AD would like to thank the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (ITAMP) and the Harvard University Physics Department for their hospitality, where part of this work was carried out. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUL 28 PY 2016 VL 49 IS 14 AR 144004 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/49/14/144004 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DQ0NF UT WOS:000378895300007 ER PT J AU Lyson, TR Rubidge, BS Scheyer, TM de Queiroz, K Schachner, ER Smith, RMH Botha-Brink, J Bever, GS AF Lyson, Tyler R. Rubidge, Bruce S. Scheyer, Torsten M. de Queiroz, Kevin Schachner, Emma R. Smith, Roger M. H. Botha-Brink, Jennifer Bever, G. S. TI Fossorial Origin of the Turtle Shell SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AFRICA; SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT; EVOLUTIONARY ORIGIN; KAROO BASIN; PALEOECOLOGY; AMNIOTES; ANATOMY; REPTILE AB The turtle shell is a complex structure that currently serves a largely protective function in this iconically slow-moving group [1]. Developmental [2, 3] and fossil [4-7] data indicate that one of the first steps toward the shelled body plan was broadening of the ribs (approximately 50 my before the completed shell [5]). Broadened ribs alone provide little protection [8] and confer significant locomotory [9, 10] and respiratory [9, 11] costs. They increase thoracic rigidity [8], which decreases speed of locomotion due to shortened stride length [10], and they inhibit effective costal ventilation [9, 11]. New fossil material of the oldest hypothesized stem turtle, Eunotosaurus africanus [12] (260 mya) [13, 14] from the Karoo Basin of South Africa, indicates the initiation of rib broadening was an adaptive response to fossoriality. Similar to extant fossorial taxa [8], the broad ribs of Eunotosaurus provide an intrinsically stable base on which to operate a powerful forelimb digging mechanism. Numerous fossorial correlates [15-17] are expressed throughout Eunotosaurus' skeleton. Most of these features are widely distributed along the turtle stem and into the crown clade, indicating the common ancestor of Eunotosaurus and modern turtles possessed a body plan significantly influenced by digging. The adaptations related to fossoriality likely facilitated movement of stem turtles into aquatic environments early in the groups' evolutionary history, and this ecology may have played an important role in stem turtles surviving the Permian/Triassic extinction event. C1 [Lyson, Tyler R.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA. [Lyson, Tyler R.; Rubidge, Bruce S.; Smith, Roger M. H.; Bever, G. S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Evolutionary Studies Inst, POB Wits, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Scheyer, Torsten M.] Univ Zurich, Palaontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [de Queiroz, Kevin] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Schachner, Emma R.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Anat, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Smith, Roger M. H.] Iziko South African Museum, Karoo Palaeontol, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. [Botha-Brink, Jennifer] Natl Museum, Karoo Palaeontol, POB 266, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Botha-Brink, Jennifer] Univ Free State, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Bever, G. S.] New York Inst Technol, Coll Osteopath Med, Dept Anat, POB 8000, Old Westbury, NY 11568 USA. [Bever, G. S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Funct Anat & Evolut, 1830 East Monument St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Lyson, TR (reprint author), Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA.; Lyson, TR (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Evolutionary Studies Inst, POB Wits, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM tyler.lyson@dmns.org RI Botha-Brink, Jennifer/N-1893-2013; OI Botha-Brink, Jennifer/0000-0001-8824-9334; Rubidge, Bruce/0000-0003-2477-1873 FU NRF; DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences and Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST) and its Scatterlings of Africa programmes [98819]; Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A_149506, 205321_162775] FX The following people provided access, additional preparation, and/or allowed destructive sampling of material under their care: the Board of Control of the Fransie Pienaar Museum, M. Carrano (USNM), Li Chun (IVPP), E. DeKock (CM), S. Jirah (ESI), J. Neveling (CM), H. Sues (USNM), and B. Zipfel (ESI). C. Dube (ESI), T. Nemavhundi (ESI), and Z. Erasmus (SAM) prepared fossil material. K. Angielczyk (FMNH), N. Edmison (USNM), A. Huttenlocker (University of Utah), S. Jirah (ESI), D. Johnson (USNM), R. McDiarmid (USNM), L. Schmitz (CMC), and G. Zug (USNM) engaged in helpful discussions. C. Sheil (JCU) provided illustrations used in Figure 1. M. Laurin and three anonymous reviewers had useful comments that improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by the NRF and DST/NRF Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences and Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST) and its Scatterlings of Africa programmes to B. S. R. and J.B.-B. (NRF grant number 98819). T. M. S. acknowledges support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant numbers 31003A_149506 and 205321_162775). NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 20 U2 20 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0960-9822 EI 1879-0445 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD JUL 25 PY 2016 VL 26 IS 14 BP 1887 EP 1894 DI 10.1016/j.cub.2016.05.020 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA DY0PV UT WOS:000384799600029 PM 27426515 ER PT J AU Vicenzi, EP Grissom, CA Livingston, RA Weldon-Yochim, Z AF Vicenzi, Edward P. Grissom, Carol A. Livingston, Richard A. Weldon-Yochim, Zoe TI Rock varnish on architectural stone: microscopy and analysis of nanoscale manganese oxide deposits on the Smithsonian Castle, Washington, DC SO HERITAGE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Building stone; Desert varnish; Microanalysis; Nanophase; Sandstone; Stone conservation; SEM; XRF ID DESERT VARNISH; NANOMETER-SCALE; MINERALOGY; SPECTROSCOPY; BIRNESSITE; DENDRITES; COATINGS; ORIGIN AB The Smithsonian Institution Building, commonly referred to as the Castle, is located on the National Mall in Washington, DC, and was constructed in the mid-nineteenth century for the purpose of housing all museum and scientific functions for the newly formed institution. Matching gateposts designed by the Castle's architect were erected more than a century later in the Enid A. Haupt Garden opposite the Castle. Black patches were recently noted on both structures, which are clad with locally quarried Seneca red sandstone. Portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry links the discoloration with elevated Mn concentrations. The discolored patches resemble rock varnish, a Mn-rich coating observed on rock surfaces formed in a variety of environments. Bulk rock and varnish chemistry, in addition to microscopy and microanalysis of the varnish, are presented here. On a bulk chemical basis, the Seneca sandstone is relatively poor in Mn, containing similar to 500 ppmw. In contrast, the rock varnish is greatly enriched in Mn relative to the stone and to a lesser degree in Pb, Ca, Zn, Cu and Ni. Cross sections of the black encrusted regions show that the stone's red coloration has been modified by black pigmentation from the surface down to similar to 250 mu m. X-ray diffraction of blackened particles produced no discernable pattern, indicating concentrations below the detection limit, poor crystallinity, or both. Scanning electron microscopy and EDS-based x-ray microanalysis of the uppermost portion of the cross section reveal nanometer scale (<20-200 nm) Mn-rich and clay particles concentrated in a thin film (<< 1 mu m) at the surface. Additionally, Mn oxide particles decorate the surfaces of fine-grained minerals in sandstone pores within the discolored zone. Imaging and microanalysis of the rock surface reveal that the Mn-rich varnish is a discontinuous film << 1 mu m in thickness with an estimated composition of Na0.2Ca0.1Mg0.1Al0.1Si0.5Mn1.9Fe0.5O6.7. This composition most likely represents a nanoscale mixture of a Mn oxide (e.g., birnessite or todorokite) and an Al-rich silicate mineral. Seneca sandstone on the Smithsonian Castle and gateposts is discolored in patches owing to the Mn-rich phase being deposited into two zones: (1) a vanishingly thin patina, and (2) nanoparticles coating grain boundaries and pores in the uppermost similar to 200-250 mu m of the stone. While the mineralogy is similar to well-studied varnish formed in arid settings, rock varnish on the Smithsonian structures is significantly thinner. Because this architectural rock varnish is young, it may represent the earliest stages of formation of the more commonly described varnishes reported in the literature. C1 [Vicenzi, Edward P.; Grissom, Carol A.; Weldon-Yochim, Zoe] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Livingston, Richard A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2135 Chem & Nucl Engn Bldg 090, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Vicenzi, EP (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM Vicenzie@si.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 2050-7445 J9 HERIT SCI JI Herit. Sci. PD JUL 22 PY 2016 VL 4 AR 26 DI 10.1186/s40494-016-0093-2 PG 14 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA DS0WC UT WOS:000380316500001 ER PT J AU Petropoulou, M Kamble, A Sironi, L AF Petropoulou, M. Kamble, A. Sironi, L. TI Radio synchrotron emission from secondary electrons in interaction-powered supernovae SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; shock waves; supernovae: general ID RELATIVISTIC COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; MAGNETIC-FIELD AMPLIFICATION; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; ICECUBE NEUTRINO EVENTS; ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS; X-RAY; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; CIRCUMSTELLAR INTERACTION; OBSERVATIONS REVEAL AB Several supernovae (SNe) with an unusually dense circumstellar medium (CSM) have been recently observed at radio frequencies. Their radio emission is powered by relativistic electrons that can be either accelerated at the SN shock (primaries) or injected as a by-product (secondaries) of inelastic proton-proton collisions. We investigate the radio signatures from secondary electrons, by detailing a semi-analytical model to calculate the temporal evolution of the distributions of protons, primary and secondary electrons. With our formalism, we track the cooling history of all the particles that have been injected into the emission region up to a given time, and calculate the resulting radio spectra and light curves. For an SN shock propagating through the progenitor wind, we find that secondary electrons control the early radio signatures, but their contribution decays faster than that of primary electrons. This results in a flattening of the light curve at a given radio frequency that depends only upon the radial profiles of the CSM density and of the shock velocity, upsilon(0). The relevant transition time at the peak frequency is similar to 190 d K-ep,-3(-1) A(w,16)/beta(2)(0,-1.5), where A(w) is the wind mass-loading parameter, beta(0) = upsilon(0)/c and K-ep are the electron-to-proton ratio of accelerated particles. We explicitly show that late peak times at 5 GHz (i.e. t(pk) a parts per thousand(3) 300-1000 d) suggest a shock wave propagating in a dense wind (A(w) a parts per thousand(3) 10(16)-10(17) gr cm(-1)), where secondary electrons are likely to power the observed peak emission. C1 [Petropoulou, M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 525 Northwestern Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kamble, A.; Sironi, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Petropoulou, M (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 525 Northwestern Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM maroulaaki@gmail.com; akamble@cfa.harvard.edu; lsironi@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA - Chandra X-ray Center [PF3 140113, NAS8-03060] FX We thank the referee for useful comments that helped to improve the manuscript. We also thank Prof. R. A. Chevalier and Dr D. Caprioli for critically reading the manuscript. MP acknowledges support for this work by NASA through Einstein Post-doctoral Fellowship grant number PF3 140113 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. NR 133 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 1 BP 44 EP 66 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw920 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3XE UT WOS:000379835200005 ER PT J AU Kasparova, AV Katkov, IY Chilingarian, IV Silchenko, OK Moiseev, AV Borisov, SB AF Kasparova, Anastasia V. Katkov, Ivan Yu. Chilingarian, Igor V. Silchenko, Olga K. Moiseev, Alexey V. Borisov, Svyatoslav B. TI The diversity of thick galactic discs SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: stellar content; galaxies: structure ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; EDGE-ON GALAXIES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; STELLAR POPULATIONS; S0 GALAXIES; ATLAS(3D) PROJECT; SPITZER SURVEY; VIRGO CLUSTER; LICK INDEXES; DISKS AB Although thick stellar discs are detected in nearly all edge-on disc galaxies, their formation scenarios still remain a matter of debate. Due to observational difficulties, there is a lack of information about their stellar populations. Using the Russian 6-m telescope BTA we collected deep spectra of thick discs in three edge-on S0-a disc galaxies located in different environments: NGC 4111 in a dense group, NGC 4710 in the Virgo cluster, and NGC 5422 in a sparse group. We see intermediate age (4-5 Gyr) metal rich ([Fe/H] similar to- 0.2aEuro broken vertical bar 0.0 dex) stellar populations in NGC 4111 and NGC 4710. On the other hand, NGC 5422 does not harbour young stars, its disc is thick and old (10 Gyr), without evidence for a second component, and its alpha-element abundance suggests a 1.5-2 Gyr long formation epoch implying its formation at high redshift. Our results suggest the diversity of thick disc formation scenarios. C1 [Kasparova, Anastasia V.; Katkov, Ivan Yu.; Chilingarian, Igor V.; Silchenko, Olga K.; Moiseev, Alexey V.; Borisov, Svyatoslav B.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Univ Skij Pr 13, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Chilingarian, Igor V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St MS09, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Silchenko, Olga K.] Isaac Newton Inst Chile, Moscow Branch, Univ Skij Pr 13, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Moiseev, Alexey V.] Russian Acad Sci, Special Astrophys Observ, Nizhnii Arkhyz 369167, Russia. [Borisov, Svyatoslav B.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, 1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia. RP Kasparova, AV (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Univ Skij Pr 13, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM anastasya.kasparova@gmail.com; katkov@sai.msu.ru RI Kasparova, Anastasia/N-3019-2016; Katkov, Ivan/A-1867-2014; Chilingarian, Igor/N-5117-2016; Moiseev, Alexey/H-9391-2013 OI Katkov, Ivan/0000-0002-6425-6879; Chilingarian, Igor/0000-0002-7924-3253; FU Russian Federation Ministry of Education and Science [14.619.21.0004, RFMEFI61914X0004]; Russian Science Foundation [14-22-00041]; joint RFBR-CNRS project [15-52-15050]; M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Program of Development; [MD-7355.2015.2]; [RFBR 15-32-21062] FX We are grateful to Anatoly Zasov for productive discussions and we thank the anonymous referee for useful comments. The Russian 6-m telescope is exploited under the financial support by the Russian Federation Ministry of Education and Science (agreement no. 14.619.21.0004, project ID RFMEFI61914X0004). Our deep spectroscopic observations of thick discs are supported by the Russian Science Foundation project 14-22-00041. The archival data analysis is supported by the grants MD-7355.2015.2 and RFBR 15-32-21062. The interpretation of the spectroscopic data was performed at the annual Chamonix workshop supported by the joint RFBR-CNRS project 15-52-15050. We acknowledge partial support from the M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Program of Development. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. We acknowledge the usage of the HyperLeda database (http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr). NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 21 PY 2016 VL 460 IS 1 BP L89 EP L93 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slw083 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3VZ UT WOS:000379832000019 ER PT J AU Andrade-Santos, F Bogdan, A Romani, RW Forman, WR Jones, C Murray, SS Taylor, GB Zavala, RT AF Andrade-Santos, Felipe Bogdan, Akos Romani, Roger W. Forman, William R. Jones, Christine Murray, Stephen S. Taylor, Greg B. Zavala, Robert T. TI BINARY BLACK HOLES, GAS SLOSHING, AND COLD FRONTS IN THE X-RAY HALO HOSTING 4C+37.11 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; large-scale structure of universe; stars: black holes ID RELAXED GALAXY CLUSTERS; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; CHANDRA; TEMPERATURE; SAMPLE; MASS; FRACTION; ENTROPY; DUST AB We analyzed deep Chandra ACIS-I exposures of the cluster-scale X-ray halo surrounding the radio source 4C + 37.11. This remarkable system hosts the closest resolved pair of super-massive black holes and an exceptionally luminous elliptical galaxy, the likely product of a series of past mergers. We characterize the halo with r(500) similar to 0.95 Mpc, M-500 = 2.5 +/- 0.2 x 10(14) M-circle dot, kT = 4.6 +/- 0.2 keV, and a gas mass of M-g,M-500 = 2.2 +/- 0.1 x 10(13) M-circle dot. The gas mass fraction within r(500) is f(g) = 0.09 +/- 0.01. The entropy profile shows large non-gravitational heating in the central regions. We see several surface brightness jumps, associated with substantial temperature and density changes but approximate pressure equilibrium, implying that these are sloshing structures driven by a recent merger. A residual intensity image shows a core spiral structure closely matching that seen in the Perseus cluster, although at z = 0.055 the spiral pattern is less distinct. We infer that the most recent merger occurred 1-2 Gyr ago and that the event that brought the two observed super-massive black holes to the system core is even older. Under this interpretation, the black hole binary pair has, unusually, remained at a parsec-scale separation for more than 2 Gyr. C1 [Andrade-Santos, Felipe; Bogdan, Akos; Forman, William R.; Jones, Christine; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Romani, Roger W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Taylor, Greg B.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Zavala, Robert T.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, 10391 W Naval Observ Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Andrade-Santos, F (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU Chandra [G03-14131X]; Smithsonian Institution; NASA grant [G04-15116A] FX The authors thank Eugene Churazov for kindly providing the Perseus residual image, Maxim Markevitch for helpful discussions, and Alexey Vikhlinin and Georgiana Ogrean for providing software. F.A.-S. acknowledges support from Chandra grant G03-14131X. A.B., W.R.F., and C.J. are supported by the Smithsonian Institution. R.W.R. was supported in part by NASA grant G04-15116A. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 91 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/91 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200091 ER PT J AU Bromley, BC Kenyon, SJ AF Bromley, Benjamin C. Kenyon, Scott J. TI MAKING PLANET NINE: A SCATTERED GIANT IN THE OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planets and satellites: formation; planet-disk interactions; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability; Kuiper Belt: general ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; EMBEDDED STAR-CLUSTERS; BODY-COAGULATION CODE; T-TAURI STARS; DYNAMICAL FRICTION; OORT CLOUD; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; COMET CLOUD; KUIPER-BELT AB Correlations in the orbits of several minor planets in the outer solar system suggest the presence of a remote, massive Planet Nine. With at least 10 times the mass of the Earth and a perihelion well beyond 100 au, Planet Nine poses a challenge to planet formation theory. Here we expand on a scenario in which the planet formed closer to the Sun and was gravitationally scattered by Jupiter or Saturn onto a very eccentric orbit in an extended gaseous disk. Dynamical friction with the gas then allowed the planet to settle in the outer solar system. We explore this possibility with a set of numerical simulations. Depending on how the gas disk evolves, scattered super-Earths or small gas giants settle on a range of orbits, with perihelion distances as large as 300 au. Massive disks that clear from the inside out on million-year timescales yield orbits that allow a super-Earth or gas giant to shepherd the minor planets as observed. A massive planet can achieve a similar orbit in a persistent, low-mass disk over the lifetime of the solar system. C1 [Bromley, Benjamin C.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 South 1400 East,Room 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Bromley, BC (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 South 1400 East,Room 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM bromley@physics.utah.edu; skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X FU Outer Planets Program [NNX11AM37G] FX We are grateful to M. Geller, J. Najita, D. Wilner, and an anonymous referee for comments and helpful discussions. NASA provided essential support for this program through a generous allotment of computer time on the NCCS "discover" cluster and Outer Planets Program grant NNX11AM37G. NR 105 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 64 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/64 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200064 ER PT J AU Foight, DR Guver, T Ozel, F Slane, PO AF Foight, Dillon R. Guver, Tolga Ozel, Feryal Slane, Patrick O. TI PROBING X-RAY ABSORPTION AND OPTICAL EXTINCTION IN THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM USING CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF SUPERNOVA REMNANTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; ISM: supernova remnants; X-rays: ISM ID CRAB-NEBULA; EMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; ULTRAVIOLET; G109.1-1.0; G54.1+0.3; SPECTRA; PULSARS; LINES; STAR AB We present a comprehensive study of interstellar X-ray extinction using the extensive Chandra supernova remnant (SNR) archive and use our results to refine the empirical relation between the hydrogen column density and optical extinction. In our analysis, we make use of the large, uniform data sample to assess various systematic uncertainties in the measurement of the interstellar X-ray absorption. Specifically, we address systematic uncertainties that originate from (i) the emission models used to fit SNR spectra; (ii) the spatial variations within individual remnants; (iii) the physical conditions of the remnant such as composition, temperature, and non-equilibrium regions; and (iv) the model used for the absorption of X-rays in the interstellar medium. Using a Bayesian framework to quantify these systematic uncertainties, and combining the resulting hydrogen column density measurements with the measurements of optical extinction toward the same remnants, we find the empirical relation N-H = (2.87 +/- 0.12) x 10(21) A(V) cm(-2), which is significantly higher than the previous measurements. C1 [Foight, Dillon R.; Slane, Patrick O.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Guver, Tolga] Istanbul Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Astron & Space Sci, TR-34119 Istanbul, Turkey. [Ozel, Feryal] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Foight, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Guver, Tolga/0000-0002-3531-9842 FU Chandra award [AR0-11007X]; Istanbul University [49429, 57321]; NSF [AST 1108753]; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX This work was supported in part by Chandra award No. AR0-11007X. T.G. has been supported by Istanbul University: project Nos. 49429 and 57321. F.O. gratefully acknowledges partial support from NSF grant AST 1108753. P.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA contract NAS8-03060. This research has made use of data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive and the Chandra Source Catalog, and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application packages CIAO, ChIPS, and Sherpa. The authors thank K. Arnaud for helpful discussions regarding the tbabs model in xspec. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 66 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/66 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200066 ER PT J AU Gotthelf, EV Mori, K Aliu, E Paredes, JM Tomsick, JA Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Craig, WW Hailey, CJ Harrison, FA Hong, JS Rahoui, F Stern, D Zhang, WW AF Gotthelf, E. V. Mori, K. Aliu, E. Paredes, J. M. Tomsick, J. A. Boggs, S. E. Christensen, F. E. Craig, W. W. Hailey, C. J. Harrison, F. A. Hong, J. S. Rahoui, F. Stern, D. Zhang, W. W. TI HARD X-RAY EMISSION FROM SH 2-104: A NuSTAR SEARCH FOR GAMMA-RAY COUNTERPARTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (Sh 2-104, MGRO J2019+37, 3XMM J201744.7+365045, VER J2019+368); pulsars: individual (NuSTAR J201744.3+364812); stars: neutron ID GALACTIC PLANE; CLUSTER WESTERLUND-1; TEMPERATURE RELATION; MGRO J2019+37; XMM-NEWTON; TELESCOPE; DISCOVERY; REGION; YOUNG; PULSAR AB We present NuSTAR hard X-ray observations of Sh 2-104, a compact H II region containing several young massive stellar clusters (YMSCs). We have detected distinct hard X-ray sources coincident with localized VERITAS TeV emission recently resolved from the giant gamma-ray complex MGRO J2019+37 in the Cygnus region. Fainter, diffuse X-rays coincident with the eastern YMSC in Sh2-104 likely result from the colliding winds of a component star. Just outside the radio shell of Sh 2-104 lies 3XMM J201744.7+365045 and a nearby nebula, NuSTAR J201744.3+364812, whose properties are most consistent with extragalactic objects. The combined XMM-Newton and NuSTAR spectrum of 3XMM J201744.7+365045 is well-fit to an absorbed power-law model with N-H= (3.1 +/- 1.0) x 10(22) cm(-2) and a photon index Gamma= 2.1 +/- 0.1. Based on possible long-term flux variation and the lack of detected pulsations (<= 43% modulation), this object is likely a background active galactic nucleus rather than a Galactic pulsar. The spectrum of the NuSTAR nebula shows evidence of an emission line at E = 5.6 keV, suggesting an optically obscured galaxy cluster at z = 0.19 +/- 0.02 (d = 800 Mpc) and L-X = 1.2 x 10(44) erg s(-1). Follow-up Chandra observations of Sh 2-104 will help identify the nature of the X-ray sources and their relation to MGRO J2019+37. We also show that the putative VERITAS excess south of Sh 2-104, is most likely associated with the newly discovered Fermi pulsar PSR J2017+3625 and not the H II region. C1 [Gotthelf, E. V.; Mori, K.; Hailey, C. J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Gotthelf, E. V.; Aliu, E.; Paredes, J. M.] Univ Barcelona, IEEC UB, Dept Fis Quant & Astrofis, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, Marti i Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Tomsick, J. A.; Boggs, S. E.; Craig, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, F. E.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, W. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Harrison, F. A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hong, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rahoui, F.] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Rahoui, F.] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzchild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Gotthelf, EV (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA.; Gotthelf, EV (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, IEEC UB, Dept Fis Quant & Astrofis, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, Marti i Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. EM eric@astro.columbia.edu FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through XMM-Newton Award [NNX15AG28G]; Chandra Award [G05-16061X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; Spanish MINECO under grants of ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia "Maria de Maeztu") [AYA2013-47447-C3-1-P, MDM-2014-0369]; Catalan DEC grant [SGR 86]; ICREA Academia FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR operations, software, and calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). E.V.G. acknowledges partial support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through XMM-Newton Award Number NNX15AG28G and Chandra Award Number G05-16061X, issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. J.M.P. acknowledges support by the Spanish MINECO under grants AYA2013-47447-C3-1-P, MDM-2014-0369 of ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia "Maria de Maeztu"), and the Catalan DEC grant 2014 SGR 86 and ICREA Academia. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 25 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/25 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200025 ER PT J AU Grefenstette, BW Glesener, L Krucker, S Hudson, H Hannah, IG Smith, DM Vogel, JK White, SM Madsen, KK Marsh, AJ Caspi, A Chen, B Shih, A Kuhar, M Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Craig, WW Forster, K Hailey, CJ Harrison, FA Miyasaka, H Stern, D Zhang, WW AF Grefenstette, Brian W. Glesener, Lindsay Krucker, Sam Hudson, Hugh Hannah, Iain G. Smith, David M. Vogel, Julia K. White, Stephen M. Madsen, Kristin K. Marsh, Andrew J. Caspi, Amir Chen, Bin Shih, Albert Kuhar, Matej Boggs, Steven E. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Forster, Karl Hailey, Charles J. Harrison, Fiona A. Miyasaka, Hiromasa Stern, Daniel Zhang, William W. TI THE FIRST FOCUSED HARD X-RAY IMAGES OF THE SUN WITH NuSTAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; methods: data analysis; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID SOLAR-FLARES; ACCELERATION REGION; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; QUIET SUN; MICROFLARES; NANOFLARES; TELESCOPE; MISSION; RHESSI; EMISSION AB We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun. C1 [Grefenstette, Brian W.; Madsen, Kristin K.; Forster, Karl; Harrison, Fiona A.; Miyasaka, Hiromasa] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Glesener, Lindsay] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Glesener, Lindsay; Krucker, Sam; Hudson, Hugh; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krucker, Sam; Kuhar, Matej] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland. [Hudson, Hugh; Hannah, Iain G.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Smith, David M.; Marsh, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Smith, David M.; Marsh, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Vogel, Julia K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [White, Stephen M.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Caspi, Amir] Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Chen, Bin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Shih, Albert] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Christensen, Finn E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Hailey, Charles J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Grefenstette, BW (reprint author), CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM bwgref@srl.caltech.edu RI Hannah, Iain/F-1972-2011; OI Hannah, Iain/0000-0003-1193-8603; Hudson, Hugh/0000-0001-5685-1283; Glesener, Lindsay/0000-0001-7092-2703; Madsen, Kristin/0000-0003-1252-4891; Caspi, Amir/0000-0001-8702-8273 FU NASA [NNX12AJ36G, NNX14AG07G, NNX15AK26G, NNX14AN84G]; Swiss National Science Foundation [200021-140308]; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship [NNX13AM41H]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Royal Society University Research Fellowship FX This work was supported under NASA contract NNG08FD60C and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by NASA. Additional funding for this work was also provided under NASA grants NNX12AJ36G and NNX14AG07G. S.K. acknowledges funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (200021-140308). A.J.M.'s participation was supported by NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship award NNX13AM41H. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. A.C. was supported by NASA grants NNX15AK26G and NNX14AN84G. I.G.H. is supported by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 20 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200020 ER PT J AU Hong, J Antoniou, V Zezas, A Haberl, F Drake, JJ Plucinsky, PP Gaetz, T Sasaki, M Williams, B Long, KS Blair, WP Winkler, PF Wright, NJ Laycock, S Udalski, A AF Hong, JaeSub Antoniou, Vallia Zezas, Andreas Haberl, Frank Drake, Jeremy J. Plucinsky, Paul P. Gaetz, Terrance Sasaki, Manami Williams, Benjamin Long, Knox S. Blair, William P. Winkler, P. Frank Wright, Nicholas J. Laycock, Silas Udalski, Andrzej TI SXP 214: AN X-RAY PULSAR IN THE SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUD, CROSSING THE CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK OF THE COMPANION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; NEUTRON-STARS; TIME-SERIES; BINARY-SYSTEMS; BLACK-HOLES; EMISSION; FIELDS AB Located in the Small Magellanic Cloud ( SMC), SXP 214 is an X-ray pulsar in a high mass X-ray binary system with a Be-star companion. A recent survey of the SMC under a Chandra X-ray Visionary program found that the source was in a transition when the X-ray flux was on a steady rise. The Lomb-Scargle periodogram revealed a pulse period of 211.49 +/- 0.42 s, which is significantly (> 5 sigma) shorter than the previous measurements made with XMM-Newton and RXTE. This implies that the system has gone through sudden spin-up episodes recently. The pulse profile shows a sharp eclipse-like feature with a modulation amplitude of >95%. The linear rise of the observed X-ray luminosity from less than or similar to 2x to 7 x 10(35) erg s(-1) is correlated with a steady softening of the X-ray spectrum, which can be described by the changes in the local absorption from N-H similar to 10(24) to less than or similar to 10(20) cm(-2) for an absorbed power-law model. The soft X-ray emission below 2 keV was absent in the early part of the observation when only the pulsating hard X-ray component was observed, whereas at later times, both soft and hard X-ray components were observed to be pulsating. A likely explanation is that the neutron star was initially hidden in the circumstellar disk of the companion, and later came out of the disk with the accreted material that continued fueling the observed pulsation. C1 [Hong, JaeSub; Antoniou, Vallia; Zezas, Andreas; Drake, Jeremy J.; Plucinsky, Paul P.; Gaetz, Terrance] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zezas, Andreas] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, Andreas] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, Andreas] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Haberl, Frank] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbach Str, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Sasaki, Manami] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Williams, Benjamin] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Long, Knox S.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Blair, William P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Henry A Rowland Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Winkler, P. Frank] Middlebury Coll, Dept Phys, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. [Wright, Nicholas J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Laycock, Silas] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Udalski, Andrzej] Univ Warsaw Observ, Al Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. RP Hong, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jaesub@head.cfa.harvard.edu RI Sasaki, Manami/P-3045-2016; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; OI Sasaki, Manami/0000-0001-5302-1866; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Haberl, Frank/0000-0002-0107-5237 FU NASA/Chandra grants [GO3-14051X, AR4-15003X, NNX15AR30G]; NASA/ADAP grant [NNX10AH47G, NNX12AN05G, NNX14-AF77G]; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme/ERC [617001]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Heisenberg Programme [SA 2131/3-1]; National Science Centre, Poland [MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121] FX V.A. acknowledges financial support from NASA/Chandra grants GO3-14051X, AR4-15003X, NNX15AR30G, and NASA/ADAP grant NNX10AH47G. A.Z. acknowledges financial support from NASA/ADAP grant NNX12AN05G, and funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 617001. J.D., P.P., and T.G. acknowledge financial support from NASA contract NAS8-03060. M.S. acknowledges support by the the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Heisenberg Programme (SA 2131/3-1). S.L. acknowledges financial support from NASA/ADAP grant NNX14-AF77G. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, Grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to AU. We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments and suggestions. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/4 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200004 ER PT J AU Nicholl, M Berger, E Smartt, SJ Margutti, R Kamble, A Alexander, KD Chen, TW Inserra, C Arcavi, I Blanchard, PK Cartier, R Chambers, KC Childress, MJ Chornock, R Cowperthwaite, PS Drout, M Flewelling, HA Fraser, M Gal-Yam, A Galbany, L Harmanen, J Holoien, TWS Hosseinzadeh, G Howell, DA Huber, ME Jerkstrand, A Kankare, E Kochanek, CS Lin, ZY Lunnan, R Magnier, EA Maguire, K McCully, C McDonald, M Metzger, BD Milisavljevic, D Mitra, A Reynolds, T Saario, J Shappee, BJ Smith, KW Valenti, S Villar, VA Waters, C Young, DR AF Nicholl, M. Berger, E. Smartt, S. J. Margutti, R. Kamble, A. Alexander, K. D. Chen, T. -W. Inserra, C. Arcavi, I. Blanchard, P. K. Cartier, R. Chambers, K. C. Childress, M. J. Chornock, R. Cowperthwaite, P. S. Drout, M. Flewelling, H. A. Fraser, M. Gal-Yam, A. Galbany, L. Harmanen, J. Holoien, T. W. -S. Hosseinzadeh, G. Howell, D. A. Huber, M. E. Jerkstrand, A. Kankare, E. Kochanek, C. S. Lin, Z. -Y. Lunnan, R. Magnier, E. A. Maguire, K. McCully, C. McDonald, M. Metzger, B. D. Milisavljevic, D. Mitra, A. Reynolds, T. Saario, J. Shappee, B. J. Smith, K. W. Valenti, S. Villar, V. A. Waters, C. Young, D. R. TI SN 2015bn: A DETAILED MULTI-WAVELENGTH VIEW OF A NEARBY SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2015bn) ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; PAIR-INSTABILITY SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT CURVES; IC SUPERNOVAE; LUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE; SHOCK BREAKOUT; HOST GALAXY; CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVIRONMENT AB We present observations of SN 2015bn (=PS15ae = CSS141223-113342+004332 = MLS150211-113342+004333), a Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN) at redshift z = 0.1136. As well as being one of the closest SLSNe I yet discovered, it is intrinsically brighter (M-U approximate to -23.1) and in a fainter galaxy (M-B approximate to -16.0) than other SLSNe at z similar to 0.1. We used this opportunity to collect the most extensive data set for any SLSN I to date, including densely sampled spectroscopy and photometry, from the UV to the NIR, spanning -50 to +250 days from optical maximum. SN 2015bn fades slowly, but exhibits surprising undulations in the light curve on a timescale of 30-50 days, especially in the UV. The spectrum shows extraordinarily slow evolution except for a rapid transformation between +7 and +20-30 days. No narrow emission lines from slow-moving material are observed at any phase. We derive physical properties including the bolometric luminosity, and find slow velocity evolution and non-monotonic temperature and radial evolution. A deep radio limit rules out a healthy off-axis gamma-ray burst, and places constraints on the pre-explosion mass loss. The data can be consistently explained by a greater than or similar to 10 M-circle dot stripped progenitor exploding with similar to 10(51) erg kinetic energy, forming a magnetar with a spin-down timescale of similar to 20 days (thus avoiding a gamma-ray burst) that reheats the ejecta and drives ionization fronts. The most likely alternative scenario-interaction with similar to 20 M-circle dot of dense, inhomogeneous circumstellar material-can be tested with continuing radio follow-up. C1 [Nicholl, M.; Berger, E.; Kamble, A.; Alexander, K. D.; Blanchard, P. K.; Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Drout, M.; Milisavljevic, D.; Villar, V. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Smartt, S. J.; Inserra, C.; Jerkstrand, A.; Kankare, E.; Maguire, K.; Smith, K. W.; Young, D. R.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Margutti, R.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, 4 Washington Pl, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Chen, T. -W.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Arcavi, I.; Hosseinzadeh, G.; Howell, D. A.; McCully, C.; Valenti, S.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93111 USA. [Arcavi, I.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Cartier, R.; Childress, M. J.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Chambers, K. C.; Flewelling, H. A.; Huber, M. E.; Magnier, E. A.; Waters, C.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Chornock, R.] Ohio Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Clippinger Lab 251B, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Fraser, M.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Gal-Yam, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Galbany, L.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Galbany, L.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Camino El Observ 1515, Santiago, Chile. [Harmanen, J.; Reynolds, T.; Saario, J.] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikki, Finland. [Holoien, T. W. -S.; Kochanek, C. S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Holoien, T. W. -S.; Kochanek, C. S.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys CCAPP, 191 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hosseinzadeh, G.; Howell, D. A.; McCully, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Broida Hall,Mail Code 9530, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Lin, Z. -Y.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Lunnan, R.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [McDonald, M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Metzger, B. D.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Mitra, A.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UMR 7585, LPNHE, F-75005 Paris, France. [Mitra, A.] CNRS, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, UMR 7585, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. [Reynolds, T.; Saario, J.] Nord Opt Telescope, Apartado 474, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Spain. [Shappee, B. J.] Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Valenti, S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Nicholl, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM matt.nicholl@cfa.harvard.edu RI Galbany, Lluis/A-8963-2017; OI Galbany, Lluis/0000-0002-1296-6887; Hosseinzadeh, Griffin/0000-0002-0832-2974; Alexander, Kate/0000-0002-8297-2473; Inserra, Cosimo/0000-0002-3968-4409; Arcavi, Iair/0000-0001-7090-4898; Margutti, Raffaella/0000-0003-4768-7586 FU European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme/ERC [291222]; STFC [ST/I001123/1, ST/L000709/1]; (Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) ESO program [188.D-3003, 191.D-0935]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the NEO Observation Program [NNX12AR65G, NNX14AM74G]; EU/FP7 via ERC [307260]; Quantum universe I-Core programme by the Israeli Committee for Planning and Budgeting; ISF; Minerva; ISF grants; Weizmann-UK "making connections" programme; Kimmel award; YeS award; NSF [AST-1410950, AST-0908816, AST-1515927, AST-1515876, 1313484]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]; CONICYT through FONDECYT [3140566]; European Union FP7 programme through ERC [320360]; STFC through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship; CNRS; CCAPP at the Ohio State University; Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP) at OSU; Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation, George Skestos; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund; NASA through Hubble Fellowship by the Space Telescope Science Institute [HF-51348.001]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship [DE-FG02-97ER25308]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; NSF through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE1144152]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE1144152] FX We thank Nidia Morrell for observations at Magellan. S.J.S. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement no [291222] and STFC grants ST/I001123/1 and ST/L000709/1. This work is based (in part) on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile as part of PESSTO, (the Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) ESO program 188.D-3003, 191.D-0935. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astro-physics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE). Operation of the Pan-STARRS1 telescope is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX12AR65G and Grant No. NNX14AM74G issued through the NEO Observation Program. Based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. A.G.-Y. is supported by the EU/FP7 via ERC grant No.. 307260, the Quantum universe I-Core programme by the Israeli Committee for Planning and Budgeting and the ISF; by Minerva and ISF grants; by the Weizmann-UK "making connections" programme; and by the Kimmel and YeS awards. B.D.M. is supported by NSF grant AST-1410950 and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Support for L.G. is provided by the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC120009 awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS), and CONICYT through FONDECYT grant 3140566. This work was partly supported by the European Union FP7 programme through ERC grant number 320360. K.M. acknowledges support from the STFC through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship. A.M. acknowledges funding from CNRS. Development of ASAS-SN has been supported by NSF grant AST-0908816 and CCAPP at the Ohio State University. ASAS-SN is supported by NSF grant AST-1515927, the Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP) at OSU, the Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation, George Skestos, and the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund. B.S.. is supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF-51348.001 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. C.S.K. is supported by NSF grants AST-1515876 and AST-1515927. T.W.-S.H. is supported by the DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship, grant number DE-FG02-97ER25308. V.A.V. is supported by a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. P.S.C.; r is grateful for support provided by the NSF through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program, grant DGE1144152. P.B. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. DGE1144152. D.A.H., C.M.,. and G.H. are supported by NSF grant 1313484. NR 134 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 39 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/39 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200039 ER PT J AU Riess, AG Macri, LM Hoffmann, SL Scolnic, D Casertano, S Filippenko, AV Tucker, BE Reid, MJ Jones, DO Silverman, JM Chornock, R Challis, P Yuan, WL Brown, PJ Foley, RJ AF Riess, Adam G. Macri, Lucas M. Hoffmann, Samantha L. Scolnic, Dan Casertano, Stefano Filippenko, Alexei V. Tucker, Brad E. Reid, Mark J. Jones, David O. Silverman, Jeffrey M. Chornock, Ryan Challis, Peter Yuan, Wenlong Brown, Peter J. Foley, Ryan J. TI A 2.4% DETERMINATION OF THE LOCAL VALUE OF THE HUBBLE CONSTANT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; distance scale; galaxies: distances and redshifts ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; PERIOD-LUMINOSITY RELATIONS; ACTIVE GALAXY NGC-4258; COSMIC DISTANCE SCALE; FIELD CAMERA 3; IA SUPERNOVAE; SPACE-TELESCOPE; GEOMETRIC DISTANCE; ECLIPSING BINARIES; FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES AB We use the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to reduce the uncertainty in the local value of the Hubble constant from 3.3% to 2.4%. The bulk of this improvement comes from new near-infrared (NIR) observations of Cepheid variables in 11 host galaxies of recent type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), more than doubling the sample of reliable SNe. Ia having a Cepheid-calibrated distance to a total of 19; these in turn leverage the magnitude-redshift relation based on similar to 300 SNe Iaatz < 0.15 All 19 hosts as well as the megamaser system NGC 4258 have been observed with WFC3 in the optical and NIR, thus nullifying cross-instrument zeropoint errors in the relative distance estimates from Cepheids. Other noteworthy improvements include a 33% reduction in the systematic uncertainty in the maser distance to NGC 4258, a larger sample of Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a more robust distance to the LMC based on late-type detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs), HST observations of Cepheids in M31, and new HST-based trigonometric parallaxes for Milky Way (MW) Cepheids. We consider four geometric distance calibrations of Cepheids: (i) megamasers in NGC 4258, (ii) 8 DEBs in the LMC, (iii) 15 MW Cepheids with parallaxes measured with HST/FGS, HST/WFC3 spatial scanning and/or Hipparcos, and (iv) 2 DEBs in M31. The Hubble constant from each is 72.25 +/- 2.51, 72.04 +/- 2.67, 76.18 +/- 2.37, and 74.50 +/- 3.27 kms(-1) Mpc(-1), respectively. Our best estimate of H-0 = 73.24 +/- 1.74 kms(-1) Mpc(-1) combines the anchors NGC 4258, MW, and LMC, yielding a 2.4% determination (all quoted uncertainties include fully propagated statistical and systematic components). This value is 3.4 sigma higher than 66.93 +/- 0.62 kms(-1) Mpc(-1) predicted by Lambda CDM with 3 neutrino flavors having a mass of 0.06 eV and the new Planck data, but the discrepancy reduces to 2.1 sigma relative to the prediction of 69.3 +/- 0.7 kms(-1) Mpc(-1) based on the comparably precise combination of WMAP+ACT+SPT+BAO observations, suggesting that systematic uncertainties in CMB radiation measurements may play a role in the tension. If we take the conflict between Planck high-redshift measurements and our local determination of H-0 at face value, one plausible explanation could involve an additional source of dark radiation in the early universe in the range of Delta N-eff approximate to 0.4-1. We anticipate further significant improvements in H-0 from upcoming parallax measurements of long-period MW Cepheids. C1 [Riess, Adam G.; Scolnic, Dan; Jones, David O.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Riess, Adam G.; Casertano, Stefano] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Macri, Lucas M.; Hoffmann, Samantha L.; Yuan, Wenlong; Brown, Peter J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX USA. [Scolnic, Dan] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Filippenko, Alexei V.; Tucker, Brad E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tucker, Brad E.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Mt Stromlo Observ, Weston, ACT, Australia. [Reid, Mark J.; Challis, Peter] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Silverman, Jeffrey M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, RLM 15308, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Chornock, Ryan] Ohio Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH USA. [Foley, Ryan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL USA. [Foley, Ryan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL USA. RP Riess, AG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; Riess, AG (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM ariess@stsci.edu OI Macri, Lucas/0000-0002-1775-4859 FU NASA/HST grants from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12879, 12880, 13334, 13335, 13344]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics Astronomy; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through grant NSF [PHY-1125897]; NSF [AST-1211916, AST1516854]; TABASGO Foundation; Gary and Cynthia Bengier; Christopher R. Redlich Fund; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-1302771]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; W. M. Keck Foundation; California Institute of Technology; University of California; NASA FX This research was supported by NASA/HST grants GO-12879, 12880, 13334, 13335 & 13344 from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. L.M.M.'s group at Texas A&M University acknowledges additional support from the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics & Astronomy. D.S. acknowledges support from the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through grant NSF PHY-1125897 and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder, Fred Kavli. A.V.F.'s group at UC Berkeley is also grateful for financial assistance from NSF grant AST-1211916, the TABASGO Foundation, Gary and Cynthia Bengier, and the Christopher R. Redlich Fund. P.C. is supported by NSF grant AST1516854 to the Harvard College Observatory. J.M.S. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under under award AST-1302771. R.J.F. gratefully acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Some of the results presented here are based on data obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA; the observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. We thank the Keck staff for their expert help. NR 106 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 30 U2 31 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 56 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/56 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200056 ER PT J AU Ting, YS Conroy, C Rix, HW AF Ting, Yuan-Sen Conroy, Charlie Rix, Hans-Walter TI ACCELERATED FITTING OF STELLAR SPECTRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; stars: abundances; stars: atmospheres; techniques: spectroscopic ID GAIA-ESO SURVEY; RADIAL MIGRATION; OPEN CLUSTER; METALLICITY DISTRIBUTION; GALACTIC DISK; CHEMICAL HOMOGENEITY; ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES; STAR-CLUSTERS; THICK DISK; MILKY AB Stellar spectra are often modeled and fitted by interpolating within a rectilinear grid of synthetic spectra to derive the stars' labels: stellar parameters and elemental abundances. However, the number of synthetic spectra needed for a rectilinear grid grows exponentially with the label space dimensions, precluding the simultaneous and self-consistent fitting of more than a few elemental abundances. Shortcuts such as fitting subsets of labels separately can introduce unknown systematics and do not produce correct error covariances in the derived labels. In this paper we present a new approach-Convex Hull Adaptive Tessellation (CHAT)-which includes several new ideas for inexpensively generating a sufficient stellar synthetic library, using linear algebra and the concept of an adaptive, data-driven grid. A convex hull approximates the region where the data lie in the label space. A variety of tests with mock data sets demonstrate that CHAT can reduce the number of required synthetic model calculations by three orders of magnitude in an eight-dimensional label space. The reduction will be even larger for higher dimensional label spaces. In CHAT the computational effort increases only linearly with the number of labels that are fit simultaneously. Around each of these grid points in the label space an approximate synthetic spectrum can be generated through linear expansion using a set of "gradient spectra" that represent flux derivatives at every wavelength point with respect to all labels. These techniques provide new opportunities to fit the full stellar spectra from large surveys with 15-30 labels simultaneously. C1 [Ting, Yuan-Sen; Conroy, Charlie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rix, Hans-Walter] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Ting, YS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NASA Headquarters under NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX15AR83H]; Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie; DFG [SFB 881]; NASA [NNX13AI46G]; NSF grant [AST-1313280]; Packard Foundation; European Research Council under European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP 7) ERC [321035]; FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University; National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575] FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments and careful reading of the manuscript. We thank Bob Kurucz for developing and maintaining programs and databases without which this work would not be possible. We thank David W. Hogg for many insightful discussions and Carlos Allende Prieto for a careful read of the manuscript. Y.S.T. was supported by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-Grant NNX15AR83H and is grateful to the Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie and the DFG through the SFB 881 (A3) for their hospitality and financial support during the period in which part of this research was performed. C.C. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AI46G, NSF grant AST-1313280, and the Packard Foundation. H.W.R.'s research contribution is supported by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP 7) ERC Grant Agreement n. [321035]. The computations in this paper were partially run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University. The computational work also used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant No. ACI-1053575. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR 83 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/83 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1IU UT WOS:000381962200083 ER PT J AU Connaughton, V Burns, E Goldstein, A Blackburn, L Briggs, MS Zhang, BB Camp, J Christensen, N Hui, CM Jenke, P Littenberg, T McEnery, JE Racusin, J Shawhan, P Singer, L Veitch, J Wilson-Hodge, CA Bhat, PN Bissaldi, E Cleveland, W Fitzpatrick, G Giles, MM Gibby, MH von Kienlin, A Kippen, RM McBreen, S Mailyan, B Meegan, CA Paciesas, WS Preece, RD Roberts, OJ Sparke, L Stanbro, M Toelge, K Veres, P AF Connaughton, V. Burns, E. Goldstein, A. Blackburn, L. Briggs, M. S. Zhang, B. -B. Camp, J. Christensen, N. Hui, C. M. Jenke, P. Littenberg, T. McEnery, J. E. Racusin, J. Shawhan, P. Singer, L. Veitch, J. Wilson-Hodge, C. A. Bhat, P. N. Bissaldi, E. Cleveland, W. Fitzpatrick, G. Giles, M. M. Gibby, M. H. von Kienlin, A. Kippen, R. M. McBreen, S. Mailyan, B. Meegan, C. A. Paciesas, W. S. Preece, R. D. Roberts, O. J. Sparke, L. Stanbro, M. Toelge, K. Veres, P. TI FERMI GBM OBSERVATIONS OF LIGO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE EVENT GW150914 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; gravitational waves ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS; VIRGO; BATSE; CATALOG; MONITOR; GRBS; ERA AB With an instantaneous view of 70% of the sky, the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) is an excellent partner in the search for electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) events. GBM observations at the time of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) event GW150914 reveal the presence of a weak transient above 50 keV, 0.4 s after the GW event, with a false-alarm probability of 0.0022 (2.9 sigma). This weak transient lasting 1 s was not detected by any other instrument and does not appear to be connected with other previously known astrophysical, solar, terrestrial, or magnetospheric activity. Its localization is ill-constrained but consistent with the direction of GW150914. The duration and spectrum of the transient event are consistent with a weak short gamma-ray burst (GRB) arriving at a large angle to the direction in which Fermi was pointing where the GBM detector response is not optimal. If the GBM transient is associated with GW150914, then this electromagnetic signal from a stellar mass black hole binary merger is unexpected. We calculate a luminosity in hard X-ray emission between 1 keV and 10 MeV of 1.8(-1.0)(+1.5) x 10(49) erg s(-1). Future joint observations of GW events by LIGO/Virgo and Fermi GBM could reveal whether the weak transient reported here is a plausible counterpart to GW150914 or a chance coincidence, and will further probe the connection between compact binary mergers and short GRBs. C1 [Connaughton, V.; Littenberg, T.; Cleveland, W.; Paciesas, W. S.] Univ Space Res Assoc, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Burns, E.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Goldstein, A.; Hui, C. M.; Wilson-Hodge, C. A.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Off, ZP12, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Blackburn, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Blackburn, L.] MIT, LIGO, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Briggs, M. S.; Preece, R. D.; Stanbro, M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Space Sci, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Briggs, M. S.; Zhang, B. -B.; Jenke, P.; Bhat, P. N.; Fitzpatrick, G.; Mailyan, B.; Meegan, C. A.; Veres, P.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Zhang, B. -B.] IAA CSIC, POB 03004, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Camp, J.; McEnery, J. E.; Racusin, J.; Singer, L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Christensen, N.] Carleton Coll, Phys & Astron, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. [Shawhan, P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Veitch, J.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Bissaldi, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Toelge, K.] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis, I-70125 Bari, Italy. [Giles, M. M.; Gibby, M. H.] Jacobs Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL USA. [von Kienlin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Kippen, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [McBreen, S.; Roberts, O. J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Stillorgan Rd, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Sparke, L.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. RP Connaughton, V (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. EM valerie@nasa.gov RI Roberts, Oliver/N-6284-2016 OI Roberts, Oliver/0000-0002-7150-9061 NR 56 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 826 IS 1 AR L6 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/826/1/L6 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS4GL UT WOS:000380739300006 ER PT J AU Coddington, JA Agnarsson, I Cheng, RC Candek, K Driskell, A Frick, H Gregoric, M Kostanjsek, R Kropf, C Kweskin, M Lokovsek, T Pipan, M Vidergar, N Kuntner, M AF Coddington, Jonathan A. Agnarsson, Ingi Cheng, Ren-Chung Candek, Klemen Driskell, Amy Frick, Holger Gregoric, Matjai Kostanjsek, Rok Kropf, Christian Kweskin, Matthew Lokovsek, Tjasa Pipan, Miha Vidergar, Nina Kuntner, Matjaz TI DNA barcode data accurately assign higher spider taxa SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Taxonomic impediment; Family; Genus; Global Genome Initiative; Genome; DNA barcoding ID OXIDASE SUBUNIT-I; TAXONOMY; ARANEAE; SEQUENCES; SEARCH; SCALES; PLANTS; TOOL AB The use of unique DNA sequences as a method for taxonomic identification is no longer fundamentally controversial, even though debate continues on the best markers, methods, and technology to use. Although both existing databanks such as GenBank and BOLD, as well as reference taxonomies, are imperfect, in best case scenarios "barcodes" (whether single or multiple, organelle or nuclear, loci) clearly are Ian increasingly fast and inexpensive method of identification, especially as compared to manual identification of unknowns by increasingly rare expert taxonomists. Because most species on Earth are undescribed, a complete reference database at the species level is impractical in the near term. The question therefore arises whether unidentified species can, using DNA barcodes, be accurately assigned to more inclusive groups such as genera and families taxonomic ranks of putatively monophyletic groups for which the global inventory is more complete and stable. We used a carefully chosen test library of CO1 sequences from 49 families, 313 genera, and 816 species of spiders to assess the accuracy of genus and family-level assignment. We used BLAST queries of each sequence against the entire library and got the top ten hits. The percent sequence identity was reported from these hits (PIdent, range 75-100%). Accurate assignment of higher taxa (PIdent above which errors totaled less than 5%) occurred for genera at PIdent values >95 and families at PIdent values >= 91, suggesting these as heuristic thresholds for accurate generic land familial identifications in spiders. Accuracy of identification increases with numbers of species/genus and genera/family in the library; above five genera per family and fifteen species per genus all higher taxon assignments were correct. We propose that using percent sequence identity between conventional barcode sequences may be a feasible and reasonably accurate method to identify animals to family/genus. However, the quality of the underlying database impacts accuracy of results; many outliers in our dataset could be attributed to taxonomic and/or sequencing errors in BOLD and GenBank. It seems that an accurate and complete reference library of families and genera of life could provide accurate higher level taxonomic identifications cheaply and accessibly, within years rather than decades. C1 [Coddington, Jonathan A.; Agnarsson, Ingi; Driskell, Amy; Kweskin, Matthew; Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Agnarsson, Ingi] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT USA. [Cheng, Ren-Chung; Candek, Klemen; Gregoric, Matjai; Lokovsek, Tjasa; Pipan, Miha; Vidergar, Nina; Kuntner, Matjaz] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Res Ctr, Inst Biol, EZ Lab, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Frick, Holger; Kropf, Christian] Nat Hist Museum Bern, Dept Invertebrates, Bern, Switzerland. [Kostanjsek, Rok] Univ Ljubljana, Biotech Fac, Dept Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Pipan, Miha] Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge, England. RP Kuntner, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Kuntner, M (reprint author), Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Res Ctr, Inst Biol, EZ Lab, Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM kuntner@gmail.com FU Swiss Contribution to the enlarged EU grant FX This work was made possible by a Swiss Contribution to the enlarged EU grant to M Kuntner and C Kropf and the Laboratories of Analytical Biology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 17 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD JUL 20 PY 2016 VL 4 AR e2201 DI 10.7717/peerj.2201 PG 25 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR7HS UT WOS:000380071200004 PM 27547527 ER PT J AU Zeiner, CA Purvine, SO Zink, EM Pasa-Tolic, L Chaput, DL Haridas, S Wu, S LaButti, K Grigoriev, IV Henrissat, B Santelli, CM Hansel, CM AF Zeiner, Carolyn A. Purvine, Samuel O. Zink, Erika M. Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana Chaput, Dominique L. Haridas, Sajeet Wu, Si LaButti, Kurt Grigoriev, Igor V. Henrissat, Bernard Santelli, Cara M. Hansel, Colleen M. TI Comparative Analysis of Secretome Profiles of Manganese(II)-Oxidizing Ascomycete Fungi SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BASIDIOMYCETE PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; COAL-MINE DRAINAGE; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; MN(II) OXIDATION; EXTRACELLULAR PROTEOME; MANGANESE PEROXIDASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TREATMENT SYSTEMS; CELL-WALL; PROTEINS AB Fungal secretomes contain a wide range of hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes, including cellulases, hemicellulases, pectinases, and lignin-degrading accessory enzymes, that synergistically drive litter decomposition in the environment. While secretome studies of model organisms such as Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Aspergillus species have greatly expanded our knowledge of these enzymes, few have extended secretome characterization to environmental isolates or conducted side-by-side comparisons of diverse species. Thus, the mechanisms of carbon degradation by many ubiquitous soil fungi remain poorly understood. Here we use a combination of LC-MS/MS, genomic, and bioinformatic analyses to characterize and compare the protein composition of the secretomes of four recently isolated, cosmopolitan, Mn(II)-oxidizing Ascomycetes (Alternaria alternata SRC1lrK2f, Stagonospora sp. SRC1lsM3a, Pyrenochaeta sp. DS3sAY3a, and Paraconiothyrium sporulosum AP3s5-JAC2a). We demonstrate that the organisms produce a rich yet functionally similar suite of extracellular enzymes, with species-specific differences in secretome composition arising from unique amino acid sequences rather than overall protein function. Furthermore, we identify not only a wide range of carbohydrate-active enzymes that can directly oxidize recalcitrant carbon, but also an impressive suite of redox-active accessory enzymes that suggests a role for Fenton-based hydroxyl radical formation in indirect, non-specific lignocellulose attack. Our findings highlight the diverse oxidative capacity of these environmental isolates and enhance our understanding of the role of filamentous Ascomycetes in carbon turnover in the environment. C1 [Zeiner, Carolyn A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Purvine, Samuel O.; Pasa-Tolic, Ljiljana; Wu, Si] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Zink, Erika M.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Biol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chaput, Dominique L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Haridas, Sajeet; LaButti, Kurt; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Henrissat, Bernard] CNRS, Architecture & Fonct Macromol Biol, UMR7257, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. [Henrissat, Bernard] Aix Marseille Univ, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. [Henrissat, Bernard] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Santelli, Cara M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hansel, Colleen M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Zeiner, Carolyn A.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Wu, Si] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Hansel, CM (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM chansel@whoi.edu RI Fac Sci, KAU, Biol Sci Dept/L-4228-2013; OI Santelli, Cara/0000-0001-8617-0008 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1249489, CBET-1336496]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Harvard University; Ford Foundation FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov), grant numbers EAR-1249489 and CBET-1336496, both awarded to CMH. Personal support for CAZ was also provided by Harvard University (www.harvard.edu) and by a Ford Foundation (www.fordfoundation.org) Predoctoral Fellowship administered by the National Academies. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; This research was performed under the Facilities Integrating Collaborations for User Science (FICUS) exploratory effort and used resources at the DOE Joint Genome Institute and the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, which are DOE Office of Science User Facilities. Both facilities are sponsored by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research and operated under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (JGI) and DE-AC05-76RL01830 (EMSL). Part of this research was performed at the Bauer Core Facility of the FAS Center for Systems Biology at Harvard University. A portion of the bioinformatics analysis was performed at Harvard's FAS Research Computing facility. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0157844 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157844 PG 28 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR8TG UT WOS:000380169600004 PM 27434633 ER PT J AU Zamudio, KR Bell, RC Mason, NA AF Zamudio, Kelly R. Bell, Rayna C. Mason, Nicholas A. TI Phenotypes in phylogeography: Species' traits, environmental variation, and vertebrate diversification SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE phylogeography; phenotype; function; trait; concordance ID POPULATION GENETIC CONSEQUENCES; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; NATURAL-SELECTION; LOCAL ADAPTATION; POCKET MICE; GEOGRAPHIC ISOLATION; ADAPTIVE MELANISM; EXPLICIT MODELS; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Almost 30 y ago, the field of intraspecific phylogeography laid the foundation for spatially explicit and genealogically informed studies of population divergence. With new methods and markers, the focus in phylogeography shifted to previously unrecognized geographic genetic variation, thus reducing the attention paid to phenotypic variation in those same diverging lineages. Although phenotypic differences among lineages once provided the main data for studies of evolutionary change, the mechanisms shaping phenotypic differentiation and their integration with intraspecific genetic structure have been underexplored in phylogeographic studies. However, phenotypes are targets of selection and play important roles in species performance, recognition, and diversification. Here, we focus on three questions. First, how can phenotypes elucidate mechanisms underlying concordant or idiosyncratic responses of vertebrate species evolving in shared landscapes? Second, what mechanisms underlie the concordance or discordance of phenotypic and phylogeographic differentiation? Third, how can phylogeography contribute to our understanding of functional phenotypic evolution? We demonstrate that the integration of phenotypic data extends the reach of phylogeography to explain the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Finally, we stress the importance of natural history collections as sources of high-quality phenotypic data that span temporal and spatial axes. C1 [Zamudio, Kelly R.; Mason, Nicholas A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bell, Rayna C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bell, Rayna C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bell, Rayna C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Zamudio, KR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM kelly.zamudio@cornell.edu RI Zamudio, Kelly/R-3533-2016 OI Zamudio, Kelly/0000-0001-5107-6206 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0542848, DEB-1601072, DEB-1309171]; EPA Science to Achieve Results Fellowship [F13F21201]; University of California Chancellor's Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank J. Avise and F. Ayala for the invitation to participate in the Sackler Symposium In the Light of Evolution X: Comparative Phylogeography; and the K.R.Z., Lovette, Searle, and McGuire laboratories, A. Corl, A. Chavez, H. Greene, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive feedback on the manuscript. Our work is funded by National Science Foundation Research Grants DEB-0542848, DEB-1601072, and DEB-1309171; EPA Science to Achieve Results Fellowship F13F21201 (to N.A.M.); and a University of California Chancellor's Postdoctoral Fellowship (to R.C.B.). NR 98 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 17 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 29 BP 8041 EP 8048 DI 10.1073/pnas.1602237113 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR9NX UT WOS:000380224500039 PM 27432983 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, EE AF Gutierrez, Eliecer E. TI Ecological niche modelling requires real presence data and appropriate study regions: a comment on Medone et al. (2015) SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISTRIBUTIONS; UNCERTAINTY; AMERICA; ERRORS C1 [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.] Univ Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Zool, PNPD Ecol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, MRC 108,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gutierrez, EE (reprint author), Univ Brasilia, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Zool, PNPD Ecol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.; Gutierrez, EE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, MRC 108,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM gutierreze@si.edu RI Gutierrez, Eliecer/D-5703-2014 OI Gutierrez, Eliecer/0000-0001-6790-8185 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUL 19 PY 2016 VL 371 IS 1699 AR 20160027 DI 10.1098/rstb.2016.0027 PG 3 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DP2KJ UT WOS:000378317000015 ER PT J AU Benage, MC Dufek, J Mothes, PA AF Benage, M. C. Dufek, J. Mothes, P. A. TI Quantifying entrainment in pyroclastic density currents from the Tungurahua eruption, Ecuador: Integrating field proxies with numerical simulations SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE pyroclastic density currents; entrainment; temperature; multiphase models; cauliflower bombs ID TURBULENT ENTRAINMENT; GRAVITY CURRENTS; CURRENT DEPOSITS; FLOWS; VOLCANO; TEMPERATURE; EMPLACEMENT; TRANSPORT; SURGES; DYNAMICS AB The entrainment of air into pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) impacts the dynamics and thermal history of these highly mobile currents. However, direct measurement of entrainment in PDCs is hampered due to hazardous conditions and opaqueness of these flows. We combine three-dimensional multiphase Eulerian-Eulerian-Lagrangian calculations with proxies of thermal conditions preserved in deposits to quantify air entrainment in PDCs at Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador. We conclude that small-volume PDCs develop a particle concentration gradient that results in disparate thermal characteristics for the concentrated bed load (>600 to similar to 800K) and the overlying dilute suspended load (similar to 300-600K). The dilute suspended load has effective entrainment coefficients 2-3 times larger than the bed load. This investigation reveals a dichotomy in entrainment and thermal history between two regions in the current and provides a mechanism to interpret the depositional thermal characteristics of small-volume but frequently occurring PDCs. C1 [Benage, M. C.; Dufek, J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Benage, M. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Mothes, P. A.] Escuela Politec Nacl, Inst Geofis, Quito, Ecuador. RP Benage, MC (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Benage, MC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM mary.benage@eas.gatech.edu FU NSF [EAR 1150794, 0838200]; DOE-CSGF; NSF-GRFP [DGE-1148903] FX This work was supported by NSF EAR 1150794 and 0838200 (J.D.) and graduate fellowships, DOE-CSGF and NSF-GRFP DGE-1148903 (M.C.B.). The authors thank Editor M. Bayani Cardenas and reviewers Ben Andrews and Sylvain Charbonnier for their constructive and thorough comments that significantly improved the manuscript. Data can be found within manuscript and references or from corresponding author upon request. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 13 BP 6932 EP 6941 DI 10.1002/2016GL069527 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DS6ON UT WOS:000380901600031 ER PT J AU Pistone, M Cordonnier, B Ulmer, P Caricchi, L AF Pistone, Mattia Cordonnier, Benoit Ulmer, Peter Caricchi, Luca TI Rheological flow laws for multiphase magmas: An empirical approach SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Multiphase magmas; Bubbles; Crystals; Melt; Rheology; Empirical flow laws ID BUBBLE-BEARING MAGMAS; CRYSTAL-BEARING; VESICULAR RHYOLITE; ROCK DEFORMATION; GRANITIC MAGMAS; DOME LAVAS; VISCOSITY; MELT; SUSPENSIONS; ERUPTIONS AB The physical properties of magmas play a fundamental role in controlling the eruptive dynamics of volcanoes. Magmas are multiphase mixtures of crystals and gas bubbles suspended in a silicate melt and, to date, no flow laws describe their rheological behaviour. In this study we present a set of equations quantifying the flow of high-viscosity (>10(5) Pa.s) silica-rich multiphase magmas, containing both crystals (24-65 vol.%) and gas bubbles (9-12 vol.%). Flow laws were obtained using deformation experiments performed at high temperature (673-1023 K) and pressure (200-250 MPa) over a range of strain-rates (5 . 10(-6) s(-1) to 4 . 10(-3) s(-1)), conditions that are relevant for volcanic conduit processes of silica-rich systems ranging from crystal-rich lava domes to crystal-poor obsidian flows. We propose flow laws in which stress exponent, activation energy, and pre exponential factor depend on a parameter that includes the volume fraction of weak phases (i.e. melt and gas bubbles) present in the magma. The bubble volume fraction has opposing effects depending on the relative crystal volume fraction: at low crystallinity bubble deformation generates gas connectivity and permeability pathways, whereas at high crystallinity bubbles do not connect and act as "lubricant" objects during strain localisation within shear bands. We show that such difference in the evolution of texture is mainly controlled by the strain-rate (i.e. the local stress within shear bands) at which the experiments are performed, and affect the empirical parameters used for the flow laws. At low crystallinity (<44 vol.%) we observe an increase of viscosity with increasing strain-rate, while at high crystallinity (>44 vol.%) the viscosity decreases with increasing strain-rate. Because these behaviours are also associated with modifications of sample textures during the experiment and, thus, are not purely the result of different deformation rates, we refer to "apparent shear thickening" and "apparent shear-thinning" for the behaviours observed at low and high crystallinity, respectively. At low crystallinity, increasing deformation rate favours the transfer of gas bubbles in regions of high strain localisation, which, in turn, leads to outgassing and the observed increase of viscosity with increasing strain rate. At high crystallinity gas bubbles remain trapped within crystals and no outgassing occurs, leading to strain localisation in melt-rich shear bands and to a decrease of viscosity with increasing strain-rate, behaviour observed also in crystal-bearing suspensions. Increasing the volume fraction of weak phases induces limited variation of the stress exponent and pre exponential factor in both apparent shear-thickening and apparent shear-thinning regimes; conversely, the activation energy is strongly dependent on gas bubble and melt volume fractions. A transient rheology from apparent shear-thickening to apparent shear-thinning behaviour is observed for a crystallinity of 44 vol.%. The proposed equations can be implemented in numerical models dealing with the flow of crystal- and bubble bearing magmas. We present results of analytical simulations showing the effect of the rheology of three-phase magmas on conduit flow dynamics, and show that limited bubble volumes (<10 vol.%) lead to strain localisation at the conduit margins during the ascent of crystal-rich lava domes and crystal-poor obsidian flows. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pistone, Mattia] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Cordonnier, Benoit] Piazza Duca Abruzzi 20, I-65124 Pescara, Italy. [Ulmer, Peter] ETH, Dept Earth Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Caricchi, Luca] Univ Geneva, Dept Earth Sci, Rue Maraichers 13, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Pistone, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM PistoneM@si.edu OI Pistone, Mattia/0000-0001-7560-3146 FU Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200020-120221]; SNF [PBEZP2_14922, 200021_150204, 200021_162503] FX Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) 200020-120221 grant supported this research. M.P. also acknowledges the SNF PBEZP2_14922 grant. B.C. acknowledges the Marie Curie Action (RHEA-254407). L.C. is grateful for the support of the SNF 200021_150204 and 200021_162503 grants. We wish to thank: R. Hoffmann for technical support at the Rock Deformation Laboratory of ETH-Zurich; R. Champallier and L. Arbaret for scientific and technical support at the Rock Deformation Laboratory in CNRS in Orleans; E. Llewellin for previous discussions on an earlier version of the manuscript; Y. Lavallee and an anonymous reviewer for constructive reviews. This work is dedicated to Luigi Burlini. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 321 BP 158 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.04.029 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DR7JF UT WOS:000380075200013 ER PT J AU Pabst, S Dahlstrom, JM AF Pabst, Stefan Dahlstrom, Jan Marcus TI Eliminating the dipole phase in attosecond pulse characterization using Rydberg wave packets SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGH-HARMONIC-GENERATION; SPECTROSCOPY; LASERS AB We propose a technique to fully characterize the temporal structure of extreme ultraviolet pulses by ionizing a bound coherent electronic wave packet. The influence of the dipole phase, which is the main obstacle for state-of-the-art pulse characterization schemes, can be eliminated by angle integration of the photoelectron spectrum. We show that in particular, atomic Rydberg wave packets are ideal and that wave packets involving multiple electronic states provide redundant information that can be used to cross-check the consistency of the phase reconstruction. C1 [Pabst, Stefan; Dahlstrom, Jan Marcus] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pabst, Stefan] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dahlstrom, Jan Marcus] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Pabst, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Pabst, S (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM stefan.pabst@cfa.harvard.edu; marcus.dahlstrom@fysik.su.se RI Pabst, Stefan/J-6541-2013 OI Pabst, Stefan/0000-0003-1134-4629 FU Kavli Institute of Theoretical Physics (National Science Foundation) [NSF PHY11-25915]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; NSF; Swedish Research Council [2014-3724]; NORDITA FX We thank Eva Lindroth and Stefan Haessler for stimulating discussions. We acknowledge the support of the Kavli Institute of Theoretical Physics (National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY11-25915) and NORDITA for support during the workshop on "Control of Ultrafast Quantum Phenomena." S.P. is funded by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and by the NSF through a grant to ITAMP. J.M.D. is funded by the Swedish Research Council, Grant No. 2014-3724. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 AR 013411 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.013411 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DR1EG UT WOS:000379648200006 ER PT J AU Manama, G Bannikov, AF Tyler, JC Zorzin, R Carnevale, G AF Manama, Giuseppe Bannikov, Alexandre F. Tyler, James C. Zorzin, Roberto Carnevale, Giorgio TI Controlled excavations in the Pesciara and Monte Postale sites provide new insights about the palaeoecology and taphonomy of the fish assemblages of the Eocene Bolca Konservat-Lagerstatte, Italy SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Palaeoichthyocenosis; Quantitative palaeoecology; Taphonomy; Eocene; Bolca Konservat-Lagerstatte ID GREEN RIVER FORMATION; CORAL-REEF FISH; MICROBIAL MATS; FOSSIL; MANGROVE; HABITATS; PERCIFORMES; TELEOSTEI; JUVENILE; FAMILY AB The Eocene Konservat-Lagerstatte of Bolca, Italy, is famous for the abundance and exquisite preservation of its fossils. Although the Bolca sites have provided one of the most studied ichthyofaunistic fossil assemblages of the world, several aspects about the community structure and the biostratinomic processes that led to the accumulation of its fish remains have been neglected or underestimated. In order to improve our knowledge concerning the palaeoecology and palaeoenvironment of Bolca, a quantitative palaeoecological and taphonomic analysis of the fish remains collected during controlled excavations at the Pesciara and Monte Postale sites is presented herein. The results of these analyses concur to suggest that these two sites have different speciose fish assemblages and different depositional contexts. The high-quality preservation of the fishes from the Pesciara site has allowed for the species level identification of most of its specimens, providing a good resolution of its palaeoecological spectrum. The Pesciara fish assemblage is defined by a sharp oligarchic structure clearly dominated by planktivorous taxa. The taphonomic features confirm that the sediments were deposited in an intraplatform basin in which anoxic conditions at the bottom and the development of the biofilm acted as promoters of high-quality fossil preservation. On the other hand, the moderate preservation quality of the fishes from Monte Postale does not allow for most of the specimens to be identified at the genus or species level, making it difficult to interpret the ecological and trophic relationships within this assemblage. Nevertheless, the abundance of marine and terrestrial plants, coupled with the large number of invertebrates (including abundant corals), concur to suggest that the sediments of Monte Postale were likely deposited close to an emerged coastal area characterized by mangroves, seagrass, and coral reefs. The prominent disgregation of fish skeletons, coupled with the unimodal dispersion of the elements and bioturbations, clearly indicate a high degree of disturbance in the Monte Postale palaeoenvironment, suggesting at least periodic aerobic conditions at the bottom. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Manama, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bannikov, Alexandre F.] Russian Acad Sci, Borisyak Paleontol Inst, Profsoyuznaya 123, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Tyler, James C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 159, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Zorzin, Roberto] Museo Civ Storia Nat Verona, Sez Geol & Paleontol, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, I-37129 Verona, Italy. RP Carnevale, G (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Turin, Italy. EM giuseppe.marrama@unito.it; aban@paleo.ru; tylerj@si.edu; roberto.zorzin@comune.verona.it; giorgio.carnevale@unito.it FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [14-04-00005]; Universita degli Studi di Torino FX The authors thank Anna Vaccari (MCSNV) for the access to fossil material under her care and Franco Chilese (Verona) for his hospitality during the visit to Verona by one of the authors (G. M.). Thanks are due to Simone Colombero (Universita degli Studi di Torino) for his support in the use of graphic softwares. The manuscript has benefited from the comments and suggestions by Malgorzata Bienkowska-Wasiluk (University of Warsaw) and an anonymous reviewer, and the Editor Thierry Correge (University de Bordeaux). The research of A.F.B. was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 14-04-00005. This work was supported by grants (ex-60% 2014 and 2015) to G.C. from the Universita degli Studi di Torino. NR 112 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 454 BP 228 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.021 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA DO4DO UT WOS:000377732200019 ER PT J AU Schweizer, D Aizprua, R Gilbert, GS AF Schweizer, Daniella Aizprua, Rafael Gilbert, Gregory S. TI Early successional understory communities show idiosyncratic phylogenetic patterns in Neotropical silvicultural plantations SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Tropical forest regeneration; Restoration; Forestry plantations; Community assembly ID DEPENDENT SEEDLING MORTALITY; TROPICAL FOREST SUCCESSION; COSTA-RICA; RAIN-FOREST; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; OVERSTORY COMPOSITION; WOODY REGENERATION; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; SPECIES RICHNESS; DEGRADED LANDS AB One approach in forest restoration is to plant trees that will establish an initial canopy to promote forest recovery through the colonization of other species. The identity of the planted tree affects which species are able to recruit in its understory. Here we evaluate the phylogenetic structure of young understory plant communities recruiting beneath eleven different species planted in single species stands and relate those structures with processes affecting community assembly. We expected the presence of negative biotic interactions between closely related overstory and understory species, as well as among related understory species, to lead to phylogenetic overdispersion. However, we did not find consistent phylogenetic patterns maybe due to the young age of the understory communities at the time of sampling. Most overstories showed a higher than expected presence of close relatives due to the recruitment of con specifics, whereas, the higher recruitment of the ancient Glade of Piperaceae beneath Fabaceae trees led to overdispersion. The presence of various Asteraceae species in understories that had been invaded by the grass, Saccharum spontaneum, led to significant clustering suggesting the conservatism of traits that allow overcoming the strong competition imposed by the grass. Phylogenetic patterns among the recruiting species showed that dispersal and competition are playing a role in shaping the communities. Our results highlight the importance of choosing an adequate set of species to plant in a restoration project since they dictate the subsequent regeneration of a forest community. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Schweizer, Daniella] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Silviculture & Agr Luiz de Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, Brazil. [Aizprua, Rafael] Flora Trop Panama, Calle Circunvalac, Panama City, Panama. [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Schweizer, D (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Silviculture & Agr Luiz de Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, Brazil. EM daniellaschweizer@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama; STEPS Institute for Innovation and Research from the University of California in Santa Cruz; UCSC Environmental Studies Department; CENTREAD FX We would like to thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama for all the logistical and financial support to conduct this project. In specific we thank the Native Species Reforestation Project, PRORENA, for facilitating our use of their experimental plantations. Special thanks go to Jose Deago, former PRORENA staff, for his great help on the ground. The former STEPS Institute for Innovation and Research from the University of California in Santa Cruz provided essential funding for the project. Thanks to the UCSC Environmental Studies Department and to CENTREAD for their support. NR 83 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 372 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.006 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DN1BZ UT WOS:000376802600004 ER PT J AU Schwadron, NA Wilson, JK Looper, MD Jordan, AP Spence, HE Blake, JB Case, AW Iwata, Y Kasper, JC Farrell, WM Lawrence, DJ Livadiotis, G Mazur, J Petro, N Pieters, C Robinson, MS Smith, S Townsend, LW Zeitlin, C AF Schwadron, N. A. Wilson, J. K. Looper, M. D. Jordan, A. P. Spence, H. E. Blake, J. B. Case, A. W. Iwata, Y. Kasper, J. C. Farrell, W. M. Lawrence, D. J. Livadiotis, G. Mazur, J. Petro, N. Pieters, C. Robinson, M. S. Smith, S. Townsend, L. W. Zeitlin, C. TI Signatures of volatiles in the lunar proton albedo SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Moon, surface; Cosmic rays; Ices; Moon ID PROSPECTOR GAMMA-RAY; NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; EPITHERMAL NEUTRONS; WATER ICE; MOON; SURFACE; RADIATION; POLES AB We find evidence for hydrated material in the lunar regolith using "albedo protons" measured with the Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). Fluxes of these albedo protons, which are emitted from the regolith due to steady bombardment by high energy radiation (Galactic Cosmic Rays), are observed to peak near the poles, and are inconsistent with the latitude trends of heavy element enrichment (e.g., enhanced Fe abundance). The latitudinal distribution of albedo protons anti-correlates with that of epithermal or high energy neutrons. The high latitude enhancement may be due to the conversion of upward directed secondary neutrons from the lunar regolith into tertiary protons due to neutron-proton collisions in hydrated regolith that is more prevalent near the poles. The CRaTER instrument may thus provide important measurements of volatile distributions within regolith at the Moon and potentially, with similar sensors and observations, at other bodies within the Solar System. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Schwadron, N. A.; Wilson, J. K.; Jordan, A. P.; Spence, H. E.; Smith, S.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Morse Hall,8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Schwadron, N. A.; Wilson, J. K.; Jordan, A. P.; Spence, H. E.; Smith, S.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Earth Oceans & Space, Morse Hall,8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Looper, M. D.; Blake, J. B.; Mazur, J.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Case, A. W.; Kasper, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Div High Energy Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kasper, J. C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Iwata, Y.] NIRS, Inage Ku, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Chiba 2638555, Japan. [Lawrence, D. J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Farrell, W. M.; Petro, N.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Pieters, C.] Brown Univ, Planetary Geosciences Grp, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, 324 Brook St, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Robinson, M. S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Townsend, L. W.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Livadiotis, G.; Zeitlin, C.] Univ New Hampshire, SW Res Inst, Earth Oceans & Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Schwadron, NA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Morse Hall,8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA.; Schwadron, NA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Earth Oceans & Space, Morse Hall,8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RI Farrell, William/I-4865-2013 FU LRO program [NNG11PA03C]; SSERVI; DREAM2 (NASA) [NNX14AG13A] FX We thank all those who made CRaTER possible. CRaTER is primarily funded by the LRO program (contract NNG11PA03C). This work was also funded by SSERVI and DREAM2 (NASA Grant NNX14AG13A). CRaTER data are available at http://crater-web.sr.unh.edu. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 273 SI SI BP 25 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.12.003 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DL6FK UT WOS:000375734900003 ER PT J AU Ghent, RR Carter, LM Bandfield, JL Udovicic, CJT Campbell, BA AF Ghent, R. R. Carter, L. M. Bandfield, J. L. Udovicic, C. J. Tai Campbell, B. A. TI Lunar crater ejecta: Physical properties revealed by radar and thermal infrared observations SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Moon; Regoliths; Radar observations; Infrared observations; Cratering ID IMPACT CRATERS; 70-CM WAVELENGTH; MOON; AGES; CONSTRAINTS; REGOLITH; DEPOSITS; BASIN; MARS AB We investigate the physical properties, and changes through time, of lunar impact ejecta using radar and thermal infrared data. We use data from two instruments on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) - the Diviner thermal radiometer and the Miniature Radio Frequency (Mini-RF) radar instrument - together with Earth-based radar observations. We use this multiwavelength intercomparison to constrain block sizes and to distinguish surface from buried rocks in proximal ejecta deposits. We find that radar detectable rocks buried within the upper meter of regolith can remain undisturbed by surface processes such as micrometeorite bombardment for >3 Gyr. We also investigate the thermophysical properties of radar-dark haloes, comprised of fine-grained, rock-poor ejecta distal to the blocky proximal ejecta. Using Diviner data, we confirm that the halo material is depleted in surface rocks, but show that it is otherwise thermophysically indistinct from background regolith. We also find that radar-dark haloes, like the blocky ejecta, remain visible in radar observations for craters with ages >3 Ga, indicating that regolith overturn processes cannot replenish their block populations on that timescale. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ghent, R. R.; Udovicic, C. J. Tai] Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, 22 Russell St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. [Ghent, R. R.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Carter, L. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bandfield, J. L.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Campbell, B. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ghent, RR (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, 22 Russell St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. RI Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012 NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JUL 15 PY 2016 VL 273 SI SI BP 182 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.12.014 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DL6FK UT WOS:000375734900016 ER PT J AU Cieza, LA Casassus, S Tobin, J Bos, SP Williams, JP Perez, S Zhu, ZH Caceres, C Canovas, H Dunham, MM Hales, A Prieto, JL Principe, DA Schreiber, MR Ruiz-Rodriguez, D Zurlo, A AF Cieza, Lucas A. Casassus, Simon Tobin, John Bos, Steven P. Williams, Jonathan P. Perez, Sebastian Zhu, Zhaohuan Caceres, Claudio Canovas, Hector Dunham, Michael M. Hales, Antonio Prieto, Jose L. Principe, David A. Schreiber, Matthias R. Ruiz-Rodriguez, Dary Zurlo, Alice TI Imaging the water snow-line during a protostellar outburst SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; PLANET FORMATION; THERMAL-DESORPTION; ALMA OBSERVATIONS; STAR-FORMATION; MASS STARS; TW HYA; EVOLUTION; CO; CONDENSATION AB A snow-line is the region of a protoplanetary disk at which a major volatile, such as water or carbon monoxide, reaches its condensation temperature. Snow-lines play a crucial role in disk evolution by promoting the rapid growth of ice-covered grains(1-6). Signatures of the carbon monoxide snow-line (at temperatures of around 20 kelvin) have recently been imaged in the disks surrounding the pre-main-sequence stars TW Hydra(7-9) and HD163296 (refs 3, 10), at distances of about 30 astronomical units (AU) from the star. But the water snow-line of a protoplanetary disk (at temperatures of more than 100 kelvin) has not hitherto been seen, as it generally lies very close to the star (less than 5 au away for solar-type stars(11)). Water-ice is important because it regulates the efficiency of dust and planetesimal coagulation(5), and the formation of comets, ice giants and the cores of gas giants(12). Here we report images at 0.03-arcsec resolution (12 au) of the protoplanetary disk around V883 Ori, a protostar of 1.3 solar masses that is undergoing an outburst in luminosity arising from a temporary increase in the accretion rate(13). We find an intensity break corresponding to an abrupt change in the optical depth at about 42 au, where the elevated disk temperature approaches the condensation point of water, from which we conclude that the outburst has moved the water snow-line. The spectral behaviour across the snow-line confirms recent model predictions(14): dust fragmentation and the inhibition of grain growth at higher temperatures results in soaring grain number densities and optical depths. As most planetary systems are expected to experience outbursts caused by accretion during their formation(15,16), our results imply that highly dynamical water snow-lines must be considered when developing models of disk evolution and planet formation. C1 [Cieza, Lucas A.; Principe, David A.; Zurlo, Alice] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago 8370191, Chile. [Cieza, Lucas A.; Casassus, Simon; Perez, Sebastian; Caceres, Claudio; Canovas, Hector; Principe, David A.; Schreiber, Matthias R.; Zurlo, Alice] Millenium Nucleus Protoplanetary Disks ALMA Early, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago 8370191, Chile. [Casassus, Simon; Perez, Sebastian; Zurlo, Alice] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Casilla 36-D, Santiago 8330015, Chile. [Tobin, John; Bos, Steven P.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Williams, Jonathan P.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Zhu, Zhaohuan] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, 4 Ivy Lane,Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Caceres, Claudio; Canovas, Hector; Schreiber, Matthias R.] Univ Valparaiso, Dept Fis & Astron, Av Gran Bretana 111, Valparaiso 2373195, Chile. [Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hales, Antonio] Joint ALMA Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago 7630355, Chile. [Prieto, Jose L.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Ruiz-Rodriguez, Dary] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. RP Cieza, LA (reprint author), Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago 8370191, Chile.; Cieza, LA (reprint author), Millenium Nucleus Protoplanetary Disks ALMA Early, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago 8370191, Chile. EM lucas.cieza@mail.udp.cl RI Caceres, Claudio/Q-6297-2016; OI Canovas, Hector/0000-0001-7668-8022 FU Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy) [RC130007, IC120009]; CONICYT FONDECYT grants [1140109, 3150550, 1151445, 3140592]; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [AYA2014-55840P] FX We thank the referees for their valuable comments. We also thank A. Banzatti and P. Pinilla for providing their model predictions in tabular form (Fig 2d, e). ALMA is a partnership of the European Southern Observatory (ESO; representing its member states), the National Science Foundation (NSF; USA) and the National Institutes of Natural Sciences (Japan), together with the National Research Council (Canada) and the National Science Council and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, Associated Universities Inc./National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), and the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. The NRAO is a facility of the NSF, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities. Support for this work was provided by the Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy), through grants RC130007 and IC120009. L.A.C., D.A.P., J.L.P. and C.C. acknowledge support from CONICYT FONDECYT grants 1140109, 3150550, 1151445 and 3140592, respectively. H.C. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under grant AYA2014-55840P Our work made use of ALMA data available at https://almascience.eso.org/alma-data with the following accession numbers: 2013.1.00710.S and 2015.1.00350.S. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 535 IS 7611 BP 258 EP + DI 10.1038/nature18612 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR4ZN UT WOS:000379912600051 PM 27411631 ER PT J AU Brown, JL Paris, S Prado-Oviedo, NA Meehan, CL Hogan, JN Morfeld, KA Carlstead, K AF Brown, Janine L. Paris, Stephen Prado-Oviedo, Natalia A. Meehan, Cheryl L. Hogan, Jennifer N. Morfeld, Kari A. Carlstead, Kathy TI Reproductive Health Assessment of Female Elephants in North American Zoos and Association of Husbandry Practices with Reproductive Dysfunction in African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POSTREPRODUCTIVE LIFE-SPAN; OVARIAN ACYCLICITY; ASIAN ELEPHANTS; ESTROUS-CYCLE; ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; SOCIAL-ISOLATION; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; MANAGEMENT; PROLACTIN AB As part of a multi-institutional study of zoo elephant welfare, we evaluated female elephants managed by zoos accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums and applied epidemiological methods to determine what factors in the zoo environment are associated with reproductive problems, including ovarian acyclicity and hyperprolactinemia. Bi-weekly blood samples were collected from 95 African (Loxodonta africana) and 75 Asian (Elephas maximus) (8-55 years of age) elephants over a 12-month period for analysis of serum progestogens and prolactin. Females were categorized as normal cycling (regular 13- to 17-week cycles), irregular cycling (cycles longer or shorter than normal) or acyclic (baseline progestogens, < 0.1 ng/ml throughout), and having Low/Normal (< 14 or 18 ng/ml) or High (>= 14 or 18 ng/ml) prolactin for Asian and African elephants, respectively. Rates of normal cycling, acyclicity and irregular cycling were 73.2, 22.5 and 4.2% for Asian, and 48.4, 37.9 and 13.7% for African elephants, respectively, all of which differed between species (P < 0.05). For African elephants, univariate assessment found that social isolation decreased and higher enrichment diversity increased the chance a female would cycle normally. The strongest multi-variable models included Age (positive) and Enrichment Diversity (negative) as important factors of acyclicity among African elephants. The Asian elephant data set was not robust enough to support multi-variable analyses of cyclicity status. Additionally, only 3% of Asian elephants were found to be hyperprolactinemic as compared to 28% of Africans, so predictive analyses of prolactin status were conducted on African elephants only. The strongest multi-variable model included Age (positive), Enrichment Diversity (negative), Alternate Feeding Methods (negative) and Social Group Contact (positive) as predictors of hyperprolactinemia. In summary, the incidence of ovarian cycle problems and hyperprolactinemia predominantly affects African elephants, and increases in social stability and feeding and enrichment diversity may have positive influences on hormone status. C1 [Brown, Janine L.; Paris, Stephen; Prado-Oviedo, Natalia A.; Morfeld, Kari A.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. [Meehan, Cheryl L.; Hogan, Jennifer N.] AWARE Inst, Portland, OR USA. [Morfeld, Kari A.] Lincoln Childrens Zoo, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Brown, JL (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. EM brownjan@si.edu FU Institute of Museum and Library Services [LG-25-10-0033-10]; Smithsonian National Zoological Park; Lincoln Children's Zoo; Honolulu Zoo; IMLS; AWARE Institute FX Funding for this work was provided by a National Leadership Grant to the Honolulu Zoological Society from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (www.imls.gov) grant number: LG-25-10-0033-10. Employers provided financial support in the form of authors' salaries as follows: Smithsonian National Zoological Park (JLB, SP, NP-O, KM); Lincoln Children's Zoo (KM); Honolulu Zoo (KC). After the IMLS-funded period of performance (November 2010 - December 2013) AWARE Institute provided support in the form of salaries for author CM and JH. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. Neither the funders nor authors' employers had any role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0145673 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145673 PG 23 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR0DZ UT WOS:000379579500002 PM 27416141 ER PT J AU Greco, BJ Meehan, CL Miller, LJ Shepherdson, DJ Morfeld, KA Andrews, J Baker, AM Carlstead, K Mench, JA AF Greco, Brian J. Meehan, Cheryl L. Miller, Lance J. Shepherdson, David J. Morfeld, Kari A. Andrews, Jeff Baker, Anne M. Carlstead, Kathy Mench, Joy A. TI Elephant Management in North American Zoos: Environmental Enrichment, Feeding, Exercise, and Training SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FEMALE AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT; STEREOTYPIC BEHAVIOR; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; NOCTURNAL BEHAVIOR; ASIAN ELEPHANTS; ANIMAL-WELFARE; RATS; VARIABLES; CHILDREN AB The management of African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) elephants in zoos involves a range of practices including feeding, exercise, training, and environmental enrichment. These practices are necessary to meet the elephants' nutritional, healthcare, and husbandry needs. However, these practices are not standardized, resulting in likely variation among zoos as well as differences in the way they are applied to individual elephants within a zoo. To characterize elephant management in North America, we collected survey data from zoos accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, developed 26 variables, generated population level descriptive statistics, and analyzed them to identify differences attributable to sex and species. Sixty-seven zoos submitted surveys describing the management of 224 elephants and the training experiences of 227 elephants. Asian elephants spent more time managed (defined as interacting directly with staff) than Africans (mean time managed: Asians = 56.9%; Africans = 48.6%; p<0.001), and managed time increased by 20.2% for every year of age for both species. Enrichment, feeding, and exercise programs were evaluated using diversity indices, with mean scores across zoos in the midrange for these measures. There were an average of 7.2 feedings every 24-hour period, with only 1.2 occurring during the nighttime. Feeding schedules were predictable at 47.5% of zoos. We also calculated the relative use of rewarding and aversive techniques employed during training interactions. The population median was seven on a scale from one (representing only aversive stimuli) to nine (representing only rewarding stimuli). The results of our study provide essential information for understanding management variation that could be relevant to welfare. Furthermore, the variables we created have been used in subsequent elephant welfare analyses. C1 [Greco, Brian J.; Mench, Joy A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Greco, Brian J.; Mench, Joy A.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Anim Welf, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Greco, Brian J.; Meehan, Cheryl L.] AWARE Inst, Portland, OR USA. [Miller, Lance J.] Chicago Zool Soc, Brookfield Zoo, Brookfield, IL USA. [Shepherdson, David J.] Oregon Zoo, Portland, OR USA. [Morfeld, Kari A.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. [Baker, Anne M.] CBSG North America, Apple Valley, ME USA. [Andrews, Jeff] Busch Gardens, Tampa, FL USA. [Carlstead, Kathy] Honolulu Zoo, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Greco, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Greco, BJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Anim Welf, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Greco, BJ (reprint author), AWARE Inst, Portland, OR USA. EM bjgreco@ucdavis.edu FU Institute of Museum and Library Services [LG-25-10-0033-10]; Oregon Zoo; Chicago Zoological Society-Brookfield Zoo; Busch Gardens; Lincoln Children's Zoo; Smithsonian's National Zoo; Honolulu Zoo; IMLS; AWARE Institute FX Funding for this work was provided by a National Leadership Grant to the Honolulu Zoological Society from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (www.imls.gov) grant number: LG-25-10-0033-10. Employers provided financial support in the form of authors' salaries as follows: Oregon Zoo (DS); Chicago Zoological Society-Brookfield Zoo (LM); Busch Gardens (JA); Lincoln Children's Zoo and Smithsonian's National Zoo (KM); Honolulu Zoo (KC). After the IMLS-funded period of performance (November 2010 - December 2013) AWARE Institute provided support in the form of salaries for author CM. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. Neither the funders nor authors' employers had any role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 57 U2 69 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0152490 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0152490 PG 26 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR0DZ UT WOS:000379579500005 PM 27414654 ER PT J AU Morfeld, KA Meehan, CL Hogan, JN Brown, JL AF Morfeld, Kari A. Meehan, Cheryl L. Hogan, Jennifer N. Brown, Janine L. TI Assessment of Body Condition in African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) Elephants in North American Zoos and Management Practices Associated with High Body Condition Scores SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATIONS; HOLSTEIN DAIRY-COWS; RISK-FACTORS; VETERINARY PRACTICES; PLASMA LEPTIN; OBESITY; DOGS; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; FAT AB Obesity has a negative effect on health and welfare of many species, and has been speculated to be a problem for zoo elephants. To address this concern, we assessed the body condition of 240 elephants housed in North American zoos based on a set of standardized photographs using a 5-point Body Condition Score index (1 = thinnest; 5 = fattest). A multivariable regression analysis was then used to determine how demographic, management, housing, and social factors were associated with an elevated body condition score in 132 African (Loxodonta africana) and 108 Asian (Elephas maximus) elephants. The highest BCS of 5, suggestive of obesity, was observed in 34% of zoo elephants. In both species, the majority of elephants had elevated BCS, with 74% in the BCS 4 (40%) and 5 (34%) categories. Only 22% of elephants had BCS 3, and less than 5% of the population was assigned the lowest BCS categories (BCS 1 and 2). The strongest multi-variable model demonstrated that staff-directed walking exercise of 14 hours or more per week and highly unpredictable feeding schedules were associated with decreased risk of BCS 4 or 5, while increased diversity in feeding methods and being female was associated with increased risk of BCS 4 or 5. Our data suggest that high body condition is prevalent among North American zoo elephants, and management strategies that help prevent and mitigate obesity may lead to improvements in welfare of zoo elephants. C1 [Morfeld, Kari A.] Lincoln Childrens Zoo, Lincoln, NE USA. [Morfeld, Kari A.; Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. [Meehan, Cheryl L.; Hogan, Jennifer N.] AWARE Inst, Portland, OR USA. RP Morfeld, KA (reprint author), Lincoln Childrens Zoo, Lincoln, NE USA.; Morfeld, KA (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. EM karimorfeld@yahoo.com FU Institute of Museum and Library Services [LG-25-10-0033-10]; Smithsonian National Zoological Park; Lincoln Children's Zoo; IMLS; AWARE Institute FX Funding for this work was provided by a National Leadership Grant to the Honolulu Zoological Society from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (www.imls.gov) grant number: LG-25-10-0033-10. Employers provided financial support in the form of authors' salaries as follows: Smithsonian National Zoological Park (JLB, KM); Lincoln Children's Zoo (KM). After the IMLS-funded period of performance (November 2010 - December 2013) AWARE Institute provided support in the form of salaries for author CM and JH. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. Neither the funders nor authors' employers had any role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; In addition, special thanks go to the AZA Elephant TAG and TAG Chair Martha Fischer for logistical support, Jackie Ogden for communications support, and Vistalogic, Inc. for technological support and software services. Thanks to the Lincoln Children's Zoo for dedicated laboratory space and support, and the Smithsonian National Zoological Park's Veterinary Pathology Laboratory for the triglyceride analyses. NR 88 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 19 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0155146 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0155146 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR0DZ UT WOS:000379579500009 PM 27415629 ER PT J AU Prado-Oviedo, NA Bonaparte-Saller, MK Malloy, EJ Meehan, CL Mench, JA Carlstead, K Brown, JL AF Prado-Oviedo, Natalia A. Bonaparte-Saller, Mary K. Malloy, Elizabeth J. Meehan, Cheryl L. Mench, Joy A. Carlstead, Kathy Brown, Janine L. TI Evaluation of Demographics and Social Life Events of Asian (Elephas maximus) and African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) in North American Zoos SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; FEMALE RATS; STRESS; POPULATION; STATE; ORGANIZATION; INSTABILITY; SENESCENCE; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS AB This study quantified social life events hypothesized to affect the welfare of zoo African and Asian elephants, focusing on animals that were part of a large multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional elephant welfare study in North America. Age was calculated based on recorded birth dates and an age-based account of life event data for each elephant was compiled. These event histories included facility transfers, births and deaths of offspring, and births and deaths of non-offspring herd mates. Each event was evaluated as a total number of events per elephant, lifetime rate of event exposure, and age at first event exposure. These were then compared across three categories: species (African vs. Asian); sex (male vs. female); and origin (imported vs. captive-born). Mean age distributions differed (p<0.05) between the categories: African elephants were 6 years younger than Asian elephants, males were 12 years younger than females, and captive-born elephants were 20 years younger than imported elephants. Overall, the number of transfers ranged from 0 to 10, with a 33% higher age-adjusted transfer rate for imported African than imported Asian elephants, and 37% lower rate for imported females than males (p<0.05). Other differences (p<0.05) included a 96% higher rate of offspring births for captive-born females than those imported from range countries, a 159% higher rate of birthing event exposures for captive-born males than for their imported counterparts, and Asian elephant females being 4 years younger than African females when they produced their first calf. In summarizing demographic and social life events of elephants in North American zoos, we found both qualitative and quantitative differences in the early lives of imported versus captive-born elephants that could have long-term welfare implications. C1 [Prado-Oviedo, Natalia A.; Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. [Prado-Oviedo, Natalia A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Bonaparte-Saller, Mary K.; Mench, Joy A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bonaparte-Saller, Mary K.; Mench, Joy A.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Anim Welf, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Malloy, Elizabeth J.] American Univ, Dept Math & Stat, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Meehan, Cheryl L.] AWARE Inst, Portland, OR USA. RP Prado-Oviedo, NA (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA.; Prado-Oviedo, NA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM PradoN@si.edu FU Institution of Museum and Library Services [LG-25-10-0033-10]; Smithsonian National Zoological Park; Honolulu Zoo; IMLS; AWARE Institute FX Funding for this project was received from The Institution of Museum and Library Services; grant number LG-25-10-0033-10. Employers provided financial support in the form of authors' salaries as follows: Smithsonian National Zoological Park (JLB, NP-O); Honolulu Zoo (KC). After the IMLS-funded period of performance (November 2010 - December 2013) AWARE Institute provided support in the form of salaries for author CM. Neither the funders nor authors' employers had any role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 14 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 7 AR e0154750 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0154750 PG 23 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR0DZ UT WOS:000379579500008 PM 27415437 ER PT J AU Li, JC Foighil, DO Strong, EE AF Li, Jingchun Foighil, Diarmaid O. Strong, Ellen E. TI Commensal associations and benthic habitats shape macroevolution of the bivalve Glade Galeommatoidea SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE diversification rate; biotic interactions; morphology; marine; Galeommatoidea ID RED QUEEN; FUNCTIONAL-MORPHOLOGY; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; COURT JESTER; SPECIATION; EVOLUTION; EXTINCTION; BIOLOGY; PACIFIC; RATES AB The great diversity of marine life has been shaped by the interplay between abiotic and biotic factors. Among different biotic interactions, symbiosis is an important yet less studied phenomenon. Here, we tested how symbiotic associations affected marine diversification, using the bivalve superfamily Galeommatoidea as a study system. This superfamily contains large numbers of obligate commensal as well as free-living species and is therefore amenable to comparative approaches. We constructed a global molecular phylogeny of Galeommatoidea and compared macroevolutionary patterns between free-living and commensal lineages. Our analyses inferred that commensalism/sediment-dwelling is likely to be the ancestral condition of Galeommatoidea and that secondary invasions of hard-bottom habitats linked to the loss of commensalism. One major clade containing most of the free-living species exhibits a 2-4 times higher diversification rate than that of the commensals, likely driven by frequent niche partitioning in highly heterogeneous hard-bottom habitats. However, commensal clades show much higher within-Glade morphological disparity, likely promoted by their intimate associations with diverse hosts. Our study highlights the importance of interactions between different ecological factors in shaping marine macroevolution and that biotic factors cannot be ignored if we wish to fully understand processes that generate marine biodiversity. C1 [Li, Jingchun; Foighil, Diarmaid O.] Univ Michigan, Museum Zool, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Li, Jingchun; Foighil, Diarmaid O.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Li, JC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Museum Zool, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Li, JC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM jingchun@umich.edu FU NSF DEB award [1308457]; NSF OCE award [0850625] FX This study was supported by an NSF DEB award 1308457 to J.L. and a NSF OCE award 0850625 to D.O F. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUL 13 PY 2016 VL 283 IS 1834 AR 20161006 DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.1006 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT7FI UT WOS:000381652100017 ER PT J AU Scaramazza, JA Kain, B Ling, HY AF Scaramazza, Jasen A. Kain, Ben Ling, Hong Y. TI Competing orders in a dipolar Bose-Fermi mixture on a square optical lattice: mean-field perspective SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PHASE; GAS; ATOMS; TRANSITION; SUPERFLUID; INSULATOR; MOLECULES; SYSTEM AB We consider a mixture of a two-component Fermi gas and a single-component dipolar Bose gas in a square optical lattice and reduce it into an effective Fermi system where the Fermi-Fermi interaction includes the attractive interaction induced by the phonons of a uniform dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate. Focusing on this effective Fermi system in the parameter regime that preserves the symmetry of D (4), the point group of a square, we explore, within the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mean-field theory, the phase competition among density wave orderings and superfluid pairings. We construct the matrix representation of the linearized gap equation in the irreducible representations of D (4). We show that in the weak coupling regime, each matrix element, which is a four-dimensional (4D) integral in momentum space, can be put in a separable form involving a 1D integral, which is only a function of temperature and the chemical potential, and a pairing-specific "effective" interaction, which is an analytical function of the parameters that characterize the Fermi-Fermi interactions in our system. We analyze the critical temperatures of various competing orders as functions of different system parameters in both the absence and presence of the dipolar interaction. We find that close to half filling, the d (x2 - y2)-wave pairing with a critical temperature in the order of a fraction of Fermi energy (at half filling) may dominate all other phases, and at a higher filling factor, the p-wave pairing with a critical temperature in the order of a hundredth of Fermi energy may emerge as a winner. We find that tuning a dipolar interaction can dramatically enhance the pairings with d (xy) - and g-wave symmetries but not enough for them to dominate other competing phases. C1 [Scaramazza, Jasen A.; Ling, Hong Y.] Rowan Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA. [Scaramazza, Jasen A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Kain, Ben] Coll Holy Cross, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Ling, Hong Y.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ling, Hong Y.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kain, B (reprint author), Coll Holy Cross, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. EM bkain@holycross.edu FU US Army Research Office [W911NF-10-1-0096]; US National Science Foundation [PHY11-25915] FX B.K. is grateful to ITAMP and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for their hospitality while completing this work. H.Y.L. was supported in part by the US Army Research Office under Grant No. W911NF-10-1-0096 and in part by the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY11-25915. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6060 EI 1434-6079 J9 EUR PHYS J D JI Eur. Phys. J. D PD JUL 12 PY 2016 VL 70 IS 7 AR 147 DI 10.1140/epjd/e2016-70053-5 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DR2BB UT WOS:000379708900001 ER PT J AU Vanderburg, A Plavchan, P Johnson, JA Ciardi, DR Swift, J Kane, SR AF Vanderburg, Andrew Plavchan, Peter Johnson, John Asher Ciardi, David R. Swift, Jonathan Kane, Stephen R. TI Radial velocity planet detection biases at the stellar rotational period SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: radial velocities; planets and satellites: detection ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; EARTH-SIZED PLANET; M DWARFS; HABITABLE-ZONE; ACTIVE STARS; MASS PLANETS; EXOPLANET; SYSTEM; PRECISION; SEARCH AB Future generations of precise radial velocity (RV) surveys aim to achieve sensitivity sufficient to detect Earth mass planets orbiting in their stars' habitable zones. A major obstacle to this goal is astrophysical RV noise caused by active areas moving across the stellar limb as a star rotates. In this paper, we quantify how stellar activity impacts exoplanet detection with radial velocities as a function of orbital and stellar rotational periods. We perform data-driven simulations of how stellar rotation affects planet detectability and compile and present relations for the typical time-scale and amplitude of stellar RV noise as a function of stellar mass. We show that the characteristic time-scales of quasi-periodic RV jitter from stellar rotational modulations coincides with the orbital period of habitable-zone exoplanets around early M-dwarfs. These coincident periods underscore the importance of monitoring the targets of RV habitable-zone planet surveys through simultaneous photometric measurements for determining rotation periods and activity signals, and mitigating activity signals using spectroscopic indicators and/or RV measurements at different wavelengths. C1 [Vanderburg, Andrew; Johnson, John Asher] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Plavchan, Peter] Missouri State Univ, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Ciardi, David R.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Swift, Jonathan] Thacher Sch, 5025 Thacher Rd, Ojai, CA 93023 USA. [Kane, Stephen R.] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Vanderburg, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM avanderburg@cfa.harvard.edu OI Ciardi, David/0000-0002-5741-3047 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE 1144152]; David and Lucille Packard Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation FX We are grateful to Howard Isaacson and Amy McQuillan for helpful advice. We thank Juliette Becker, Thayne Currie, Jonathan Gagne, Peter Gao, and Angelle Tanner for their helpful comments on an early draft of the manuscript. We thank the referee, Suzanne Aigrain, for a thoughtful and detailed report which significantly improved this work. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System, the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, as well as the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. AV is supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, Grant No. DGE 1144152. JAJ is supported by generous grants from the David and Lucille Packard Foundation and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 4 BP 3565 EP 3573 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw863 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3VM UT WOS:000379830700014 ER PT J AU Kuhn, RB Rodriguez, JE Collins, KA Lund, MB Siverd, RJ Colon, KD Pepper, J Stassun, KG Cargile, PA James, DJ Penev, K Zhou, G BaylisS, D Tan, TG Curtis, IA Udry, S Segransan, D Mawet, D Dhita, S Soutter, J Hart, R Carter, B Gaudi, BS Myers, G Beatty, TG Eastman, JD Reichart, DE Haislip, JB Kielkopf, J Bieryla, A Latham, DW Jensen, ELN Oberst, TE StevensI, DJ AF Kuhn, Rudolf B. Rodriguez, Joseph E. Collins, Karen A. Lund, Michael B. Siverd, Robert J. Colon, Knicole D. Pepper, Joshua Stassun, Keivan G. Cargile, Phillip A. James, David J. Penev, Kaloyan Zhou, George Bayliss, Daniel Tan, T. G. Curtis, Ivan A. Udry, Stephane Segransan, Damien Mawet, Dimitri Dhital, Saurav Soutter, Jack Hart, Rhodes Carter, Brad Gaudi, B. Scott Myers, Gordon Beatty, Thomas G. Eastman, Jason D. Reichart, Daniel E. Haislip, Joshua B. Kielkopf, John Bieryla, Allyson Latham, David W. Jensen, Eric L. N. Oberst, Thomas E. Stevens, Daniel J. TI KELT-10b: the first transiting exoplanet from the KELT-South survey -a hot sub-Jupiter transiting a V=10.7 early G-star SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: photometric; techniques: radial velocities; techniques: spectroscopic; stars: individual: KELT-10; planetary systems ID SPECTRAL-LINE BISECTORS; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; STELLAR PHOTOMETRY; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; VARIABLE-STARS; LIGHT CURVES; SHORT-PERIOD; SPACED DATA; COOL STARS AB We report the discovery of KELT-10b, the first transiting exoplanet discovered using the KELT-South telescope. KELT-10b is a highly inflated sub-Jupiter mass planet transiting a relatively bright V = 10.7 star (TYC 8378-64-1), with T-eff = 5948 +/- 74 K, log g = $4.319_{-0.030}<^>{+0.020}$ and [Fe/H] = $0.09_{-0.10}<^>{+0.11}$, an inferred mass M-* = $1.112_{-0.061}<^>{+0.055}$ M-aS (TM) and radius R-* = $1.209_{-0.035}<^>{+0.047}$ R-aS (TM). The planet has a radius R-p = $1.399_{-0.049}<^>{+0.069}$ R-J and mass M-p = $0.679_{-0.038}<^>{+0.039}$ M-J. The planet has an eccentricity consistent with zero and a semimajor axis a = $0.052\,50_{-0.000\,97}<^>{+0.000\,86}$ au. The best-fitting linear ephemeris is T-0 = 2457 066.720 45 +/- 0.000 27 BJD(TDB) and P = 4.166 2739 +/- 0.000 0063 d. This planet joins a group of highly inflated transiting exoplanets with a larger radius and smaller mass than that of Jupiter. The planet, which boasts deep transits of 1.4 per cent, has a relatively high equilibrium temperature of T-eq = $1377_{-23}<^>{+28}$ K, assuming zero albedo and perfect heat redistribution. KELT-10b receives an estimated insolation of $0.817_{-0.054}<^>{+0.068}$ x 10(9) erg s(-1) cm(-2), which places it far above the insolation threshold above which hot Jupiters exhibit increasing amounts of radius inflation. Evolutionary analysis of the host star suggests that KELT-10b may not survive beyond the current subgiant phase, depending on the rate of in-spiral of the planet over the next few Gyr. The planet transits a relatively bright star and exhibits the third largest transit depth of all transiting exoplanets with V < 11 in the Southern hemisphere, making it a promising candidate for future atmospheric characterization studies. C1 [Kuhn, Rudolf B.] S African Astron Observ, POB 9, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa. [Rodriguez, Joseph E.; Collins, Karen A.; Lund, Michael B.; Stassun, Keivan G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 6301 Stevenson Ctr, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Collins, Karen A.; Kielkopf, John] Univ Louisville, Dept Phys & Astron, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Siverd, Robert J.] Las Cumbres Observ, Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Colon, Knicole D.; Pepper, Joshua] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Colon, Knicole D.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Colon, Knicole D.] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, 625 2nd St Ste 209, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. [Stassun, Keivan G.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, 1000 17thAve North, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Cargile, Phillip A.; Eastman, Jason D.; Bieryla, Allyson; Latham, David W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [James, David J.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Colina El Pino S-N,Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. [Penev, Kaloyan] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Zhou, George] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Bayliss, Daniel; Udry, Stephane; Segransan, Damien] Univ Geneva, Astron Observ, Chemin Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. [Bayliss, Daniel] Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia. [Tan, T. G.] Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope, Perth, WA, Australia. [Curtis, Ivan A.] 2 Yandra St,Vale Pk, Adelaide, SA 5081, Australia. [Mawet, Dimitri] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Mail Code 249-17,1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Mawet, Dimitri] European So Observ, Alonso Coniova 3107, Santiago, Chile. [Dhital, Saurav] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Soutter, Jack; Hart, Rhodes; Carter, Brad] Univ So Queensland, Computat Engn & Sci Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Gaudi, B. Scott; Stevens, Daniel J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Myers, Gordon] 5 Inverness Way, Hillsborough, CA 94010 USA. [Myers, Gordon] AAVSO, 49 Bay State Rd, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Beatty, Thomas G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Beatty, Thomas G.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Reichart, Daniel E.; Haislip, Joshua B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Jensen, Eric L. N.] Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. [Oberst, Thomas E.] Westminster Coll, Dept Phys, Wilmington, PA 16172 USA. RP Kuhn, RB (reprint author), S African Astron Observ, POB 9, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa.; Rodriguez, JE (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 6301 Stevenson Ctr, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.; Pepper, J (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM rudi@saao.ac.za; rodriguez.jr.joey@gmail.com; joshua.pepper@lehigh.edu OI Jensen, Eric/0000-0002-4625-7333; Tan, Thiam-Guan/0000-0001-5603-6895; Pepper, Joshua/0000-0002-3827-8417 FU NASA [NNX13AQ62G]; NSF CAREER [AST-1056524] FX KELT-South is hosted by the South African Astronomical Observatory and we are grateful for their ongoing support and assistance. KP acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AQ62G. Work by BSG and DJS was partially supported by NSF CAREER Grant AST-1056524. NR 103 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 4 BP 4281 EP 4298 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw880 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3VM UT WOS:000379830700067 ER PT J AU Duffy, RT Worrall, DM Birkinshaw, M Kraft, RP AF Duffy, R. T. Worrall, D. M. Birkinshaw, M. Kraft, R. P. TI Buoyancy-driven inflow to a relic cold core: the gas belt in radio galaxy 3C 386 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; X-rays: galaxies ID X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; LOW-REDSHIFT; HOT GAS; FR-I; SAMPLE; LOBES; EMISSION; CHANDRA; NUCLEI; MODELS AB We report measurements from an XMM-Newton observation of the low-excitation radio galaxy 3C 386. The study focusses on an X-ray-emitting gas belt, which lies between and orthogonal to the radio lobes of 3C 386 and has a mean temperature of 0.94 +/- 0.05 keV, cooler than the extended group atmosphere. The gas in the belt shows temperature structure with material closer to the surrounding medium being hotter than gas closer to the host galaxy. We suggest that this gas belt involves a 'buoyancy-driven inflow' of part of the group-gas atmosphere where the buoyant rise of the radio lobes through the ambient medium has directed an inflow towards the relic cold core of the group. Inverse-Compton emission from the radio lobes is detected at a level consistent with a slight suppression of the magnetic field below the equipartition value. C1 [Duffy, R. T.; Worrall, D. M.; Birkinshaw, M.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Kraft, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Duffy, RT (reprint author), Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Tyndall Ave, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. EM r.duffy@bristol.ac.uk FU STFC FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for their thorough report with many useful suggestions. This research has made use of the NED which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. RTD thanks the STFC for their support. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 4 BP 4508 EP 4517 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw944 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3VM UT WOS:000379830700083 ER PT J AU Drake, JJ Delgado, L Laming, JM Starrfield, S Kashyap, V Orlando, S Page, KL Hernanz, M Ness, JU Gehrz, RD van Rossum, D Woodward, CE AF Drake, Jeremy J. Delgado, Laura Laming, J. Martin Starrfield, Sumner Kashyap, Vinay Orlando, Salvatore Page, Kim L. Hernanz, M. Ness, J. -U. Gehrz, R. D. van Rossum, Daan Woodward, Charles E. TI COLLIMATION AND ASYMMETRY OF THE HOT BLAST WAVE FROM THE RECURRENT NOVA V745 Sco SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE novae, cataclysmic variables; shock waves; stars: individual (V745 Sco); X-rays: binaries; X-rays: stars ID ACCRETING WHITE-DWARFS; X-RAY-EMISSION; TRANSMISSION GRATING SPECTROMETER; EXPANDING NEBULAR REMNANT; RS-OPHIUCHI; 2006 OUTBURST; V407 CYGNI; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; ATOMIC DATABASE; DELPHINI 2013 AB The recurrent symbiotic nova V745 Sco exploded on 2014 February 6 and was observed on February 22 and 23 by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Transmission Grating Spectrometers. By that time the supersoft source phase had already ended, and Chandra spectra are consistent with emission from a hot, shock-heated circumstellar medium with temperatures exceeding 10(7) K. X-ray line profiles are more sharply peaked than expected for a spherically symmetric blast wave, with a full width at zero intensity of approximately 2400 km s(-1), an FWHM of 1200 +/- 30 km s(-1), and an average net blueshift of 165 +/- 10 km s(-1). The red wings of lines are increasingly absorbed toward longer wavelengths by material within the remnant. We conclude that the blast wave was sculpted by an aspherical circumstellar medium in which an equatorial density enhancement plays a role, as in earlier symbiotic nova explosions. Expansion of the dominant X-ray-emitting material is aligned close to the plane of the sky and is most consistent with an orbit seen close to face-on. Comparison of an analytical blast wave model with the X-ray spectra, Swift observations, and near-infrared line widths indicates that the explosion energy was approximately 10(43) erg and confirms an ejected mass of approximately 10(-7)M(circle dot). The total mass lost is an order of magnitude lower than the accreted mass required to have initiated the explosion, indicating that the white dwarf is gaining mass and is a Type Ia supernova progenitor candidate. C1 [Drake, Jeremy J.; Kashyap, Vinay] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Delgado, Laura; Hernanz, M.] CSIC, IEEC, ICE, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Laming, J. Martin] US Navy, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Code 7674L, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Starrfield, Sumner] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Orlando, Salvatore] Osservatorio Astron Palermo GS Vaiana, INAF, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Page, Kim L.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Ness, J. -U.] ESA, ESAC, Sci Operat Dept, Sci Operat Div, E-28691 Villanueva De La Canada, Madrid, Spain. [Gehrz, R. D.; Woodward, Charles E.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [van Rossum, Daan] Univ Chicago, Flash Ctr Computat Sci, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Drake, JJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Delgado, Laura/A-5272-2017; OI Delgado, Laura/0000-0002-1218-8106; Orlando, Salvatore/0000-0003-2836-540X FU NASA [NAS8-03060]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) [ESP2014-56003-R]; basic research funds of the CNR; UK Space Agency; NSF; United States Air Force; Chandra award [G04-15023A] FX We thank the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) Mission Planning team for rapid and timely scheduling of the ToO observations reported on here. J.J.D. and V.K. were funded by NASA contract NAS8-03060 to the CXC and thank the director, B. Wilkes, and the CXC science team for advice and support. L.D. and M.H. acknowledge the support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) under the grant ESP2014-56003-R. J.M.L. was supported by basic research funds of the CNR. K.L.P. acknowledges funding from the UK Space Agency. S.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA, NSF, and Chandra grants to ASU. R.D.G. was supported by NASA and the United States Air Force. C.E.W. acknowledges support from Chandra award G04-15023A. Finally, we also thank H. Tananbaum for useful comments on the original manuscript. NR 93 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 95 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/95 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800013 ER PT J AU Hong, J Mori, K Hailey, CJ Nynka, M Zhang, S Gotthelf, E Fornasini, FM Krivonos, R Bauer, F Perez, K Tomsick, JA Bodaghee, A Chiu, JL Clavel, M Stern, D Grindlay, JE Alexander, DM Aramaki, T Baganoff, FK Barret, D Barriere, N Boggs, SE Canipe, AM Christensen, FE Craig, WW Desai, MA Forster, K Giommi, P Grefenstette, BW Harrison, FA Hong, D Hornstrup, A Kitaguchi, T Koglin, JE Madsen, KK Mao, PH Miyasaka, H Perri, M Pivovaroff, MJ Puccetti, S Rana, V Westergaard, NJ Zhang, WW Zoglauer, A AF Hong, JaeSub Mori, Kaya Hailey, Charles J. Nynka, Melania Zhang, Shuo Gotthelf, Eric Fornasini, Francesca M. Krivonos, Roman Bauer, Franz Perez, Kerstin Tomsick, John A. Bodaghee, Arash Chiu, Jeng-Lun Clavel, Maica Stern, Daniel Grindlay, Jonathan E. Alexander, David M. Aramaki, Tsuguo Baganoff, Frederick K. Barret, Didier Barriere, Nicolas Boggs, Steven E. Canipe, Alicia M. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Desai, Meera A. Forster, Karl Giommi, Paolo Grefenstette, Brian W. Harrison, Fiona A. Hong, Dooran Hornstrup, Allan Kitaguchi, Takao Koglin, Jason E. Madsen, Kristen K. Mao, Peter H. Miyasaka, Hiromasa Perri, Matteo Pivovaroff, Michael J. Puccetti, Simonetta Rana, Vikram Westergaard, Niels J. Zhang, William W. Zoglauer, Andreas TI NuSTAR HARD X-RAY SURVEY OF THE GALACTIC CENTER REGION. II. X-RAY POINT SOURCES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: center; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: diffuse background; X-rays: general ID MAGNETIC CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; SUPERNOVA-REMNANT SAGITTARIUS; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; BURSTING PULSAR; CHANDRA CATALOG; LIMITING WINDOW; GRS 1741.9-2853; NUMBER COUNTS; V404 CYGNI; A-ASTERISK AB We present the first survey results of hard X-ray point sources in the Galactic Center (GC) region by NuSTAR. We have discovered 70 hard (3-79 keV) X-ray point sources in a 0.6 deg(2) region around Sgr A* with a total exposure of 1.7 Ms, and 7 sources in the Sgr B2 field with 300 ks. We identify clear Chandra counterparts for 58 NuSTAR sources and assign candidate counterparts for the remaining 19. The NuSTAR survey reaches X-ray luminosities of similar to 4x and similar to 8 x 10(32) erg s(-1) at the GC (8 kpc) in the 3-10 and 10-40 keV bands, respectively. The source list includes three persistent luminous X-ray binaries (XBs) and the likely run-away pulsar called the Cannonball. New source-detection significance maps reveal a cluster of hard (>10 keV) X-ray sources near the Sgr. A diffuse complex with no clear soft X-ray counterparts. The severe extinction observed in the Chandra spectra indicates that all the NuSTAR sources are in the central bulge or are of extragalactic origin. Spectral analysis of relatively bright NuSTAR sources suggests that magnetic cataclysmic variables constitute a large fraction (>40%-60%). Both spectral analysis and logN-logS distributions of the NuSTAR sources indicate that the X-ray spectra of the NuSTAR sources should have kT > 20 keV on average for a single temperature thermal plasma model or an average photon index of Gamma = 1.5-2 for a power-law model. These findings suggest that the GC X-ray source population may contain a larger fraction of XBs with high plasma temperatures than the field population. C1 [Hong, JaeSub; Grindlay, Jonathan E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mori, Kaya; Hailey, Charles J.; Nynka, Melania; Zhang, Shuo; Gotthelf, Eric; Canipe, Alicia M.; Desai, Meera A.; Hong, Dooran] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Gotthelf, Eric] Univ Barcelona, Dept Fis Quant & Astrofis, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, IEEC UB, Marti & Franques 1, Barcelona 08028, Spain. [Fornasini, Francesca M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krivonos, Roman] Russian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, Profsoyuznaya 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Bauer, Franz] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, Franz] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. [Bauer, Franz] Space Sci Inst, 4750 Walnut St,Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Perez, Kerstin] Haverford Coll, 370 Lancaster Ave,KINSC L109, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Tomsick, John A.; Chiu, Jeng-Lun; Clavel, Maica; Barriere, Nicolas; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.; Zoglauer, Andreas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bodaghee, Arash] Georgia Coll, 231 W Hancock St, Milledgeville, GA 31061 USA. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Alexander, David M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Aramaki, Tsuguo] Standford Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Baganoff, Frederick K.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Barret, Didier; Christensen, Finn E.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Barret, Didier] Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, CNRS, 9Av Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Craig, William W.; Pivovaroff, Michael J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Forster, Karl; Grefenstette, Brian W.; Harrison, Fiona A.; Madsen, Kristen K.; Mao, Peter H.; Miyasaka, Hiromasa; Rana, Vikram] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Giommi, Paolo; Perri, Matteo; Puccetti, Simonetta] ASI Sci Data Ctr, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Hornstrup, Allan; Westergaard, Niels J.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Kitaguchi, Takao] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Kitaguchi, Takao] Hiroshima Univ, Core Res Energet Universe, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Koglin, Jason E.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Perri, Matteo; Puccetti, Simonetta] INAF Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Hong, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jaesub@head.cfa.harvard.edu OI Clavel, Maica/0000-0003-0724-2742; Krivonos, Roman/0000-0003-2737-5673 FU NASA [NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA/APRA grant [NNX14AD59G]; Russian Science Foundation [14-22-00271]; CONICYT-Chile (Basal-CATA) [PFB-06/2007]; CONICYT-Chile (FONDECYT) [1141218]; CONICYT-Chile ("EMBIGGEN" Anillo) [ACT1101]; Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]; NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-Grant [NNX13AM31]; French Space Agency (CNES) FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. We thank G. Ponti for careful reading and suggestions of the manuscript. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). J. Hong acknowledges support from NASA/APRA grant NNX14AD59G. R. Krivonos acknowledges support from Russian Science Foundation through grant 14-22-00271. F.E. Bauer acknowledges support from CONICYT-Chile (Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007, FONDECYT 1141218, "EMBIGGEN" Anillo ACT1101), and the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC120009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, MAS. S. Zhang is supported by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-Grant NNX13AM31. D. Barret acknowledges support from the French Space Agency (CNES). NR 89 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 132 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/132 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800050 ER PT J AU Imara, N Loeb, A AF Imara, Nia Loeb, Abraham TI THE DISTORTION OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND SPECTRUM DUE TO INTERGALACTIC DUST SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic background radiation; dark ages, reionization, first stars; dust, extinction; galaxies: high-redshift; intergalactic medium ID PRIMORDIAL MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; INTERSTELLAR DUST; METAL ENRICHMENT; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; SUPERCONDUCTING STRINGS; LUMINOSITY DENSITY; INFRARED-EMISSION; EXTINCTION CURVES; ENERGY-SPECTRUM AB Infrared emission from intergalactic dust might compromise the ability of future experiments to detect subtle spectral distortions in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from the early universe. We provide the first estimate of foreground contamination of the CMB signal due to diffuse dust emission in the intergalactic medium. We use models of the extragalactic background light to calculate the intensity of intergalactic dust emission and find that emission by intergalactic dust at z less than or similar to 0.5 exceeds the sensitivity of the planned Primordial Inflation Explorer to CMB spectral distortions by 1-3 orders of magnitude. In the frequency range nu = 150-2400 GHz, we place an upper limit of 0.06% on the contribution to the far-infrared background from intergalactic dust emission. C1 [Imara, Nia; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Imara, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nimara@cfa.harvard.edu FU Harvard-MIT FFL Postdoctoral Fellowship; NSF grant [AST-1312034] FX We thank Jens Chluba for his helpful comments on this paper and Rachel Somerville for generously providing the outputs to her extragalactic background light model. We thank an anonymous referee for providing comments that helped improve this paper. This work was supported in part by the Harvard-MIT FFL Postdoctoral Fellowship and by NSF grant AST-1312034. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 130 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/130 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800048 ER PT J AU Jacobs, DC Hazelton, BJ Trott, CM Dillon, JS Pindor, B Sullivan, IS Pober, JC Barry, N Beardsley, AP Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Carroll, P Corey, BE de Oliveira-Costa, A Emrich, D Ewall-Wice, A Feng, L Gaensler, BM Goeke, R Greenhill, LJ Hewitt, JN Hurley-Walker, N Johnston-Hollitt, M Kaplan, DL Kasper, JC Kim, HS Kratzenberg, E Lenc, E Line, J Loeb, A Lonsdale, CJ Lynch, MJ McKinley, B McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Neben, AR Thyagarajan, N Oberoi, D Offringa, AR Ord, SM Paul, S Prabu, T Procopio, P Riding, J Rogers, AEE Roshi, A Shankar, NU Sethi, SK Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Tegmark, M Tingay, SJ Waterson, M Wayth, RB Webster, RL Whitney, AR Williams, A Williams, CL Wu, C Wyithe, JSB AF Jacobs, Daniel C. Hazelton, B. J. Trott, C. M. Dillon, Joshua S. Pindor, B. Sullivan, I. S. Pober, J. C. Barry, N. Beardsley, A. P. Bernardi, G. Bowman, Judd D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Carroll, P. Corey, B. E. de Oliveira-Costa, A. Emrich, D. Ewall-Wice, A. Feng, L. Gaensler, B. M. Goeke, R. Greenhill, L. J. Hewitt, J. N. Hurley-Walker, N. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Kaplan, D. L. Kasper, J. C. Kim, H. S. Kratzenberg, E. Lenc, E. Line, J. Loeb, A. Lonsdale, C. J. Lynch, M. J. McKinley, B. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Neben, A. R. Thyagarajan, N. Oberoi, D. Offringa, A. R. Ord, S. M. Paul, S. Prabu, T. Procopio, P. Riding, J. Rogers, A. E. E. Roshi, A. Shankar, N. Udaya Sethi, Shiv K. Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Tegmark, M. Tingay, S. J. Waterson, M. Wayth, R. B. Webster, R. L. Whitney, A. R. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. Wu, C. Wyithe, J. S. B. TI THE MURCHISON WIDEFIELD ARRAY 21 cm POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark ages, reionization, first stars; methods: data analysis; techniques: interferometric ID POINT SOURCES; SKY SURVEY; REIONIZATION EXPERIMENTS; FOREGROUND SUBTRACTION; LOFAR CALIBRATION; RADIO ASTRONOMY; SOUTHERN SKY; EPOCH; COSMOLOGY; IMAGES AB We present the 21 cm power spectrum analysis approach of the Murchison Widefield Array Epoch of Reionization project. In this paper, we compare the outputs of multiple pipelines for the purpose of validating statistical limits cosmological hydrogen at redshifts between 6 and 12. Multiple independent data calibration and reduction pipelines are used to make power spectrum limits on a fiducial night of data. Comparing the outputs of imaging and power spectrum stages highlights differences in calibration, foreground subtraction, and power spectrum calculation. The power spectra found using these different methods span a space defined by the various tradeoffs between speed, accuracy, and systematic control. Lessons learned from comparing the pipelines range from the algorithmic to the prosaically mundane; all demonstrate the many pitfalls of neglecting reproducibility. We briefly discuss the way these different methods attempt to handle the question of evaluating a significant detection in the presence of foregrounds. C1 [Jacobs, Daniel C.; Beardsley, A. P.; Bowman, Judd D.; Thyagarajan, N.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hazelton, B. J.; Sullivan, I. S.; Barry, N.; Beardsley, A. P.; Carroll, P.; Kaplan, D. L.; Morales, M. F.; Wu, C.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hazelton, B. J.] Univ Washington, eSci Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Trott, C. M.; Pindor, B.; Briggs, F.; Gaensler, B. M.; Kim, H. S.; Lenc, E.; Line, J.; McKinley, B.; Mitchell, D. A.; Neben, A. R.; Offringa, A. R.; Ord, S. M.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Trott, C. M.; Emrich, D.; Hurley-Walker, N.; Lynch, M. J.; Ord, S. M.; Tingay, S. J.; Waterson, M.; Wayth, R. B.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Dillon, Joshua S.; de Oliveira-Costa, A.; Ewall-Wice, A.; Feng, L.; Goeke, R.; Hewitt, J. N.; Morgan, E.; Neben, A. R.; Tegmark, M.; Williams, C. L.] MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Pindor, B.; Kim, H. S.; McKinley, B.; Webster, R. L.; Wyithe, J. S. B.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Pober, J. C.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, Pk Rd, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.; Kasper, J. C.; Loeb, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Briggs, F.; Waterson, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Corey, B. E.; Kratzenberg, E.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.; Rogers, A. E. E.; Whitney, A. R.] MIT Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Gaensler, B. M.; Lenc, E.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Kasper, J. C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mitchell, D. A.] CASS, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Offringa, A. R.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Paul, S.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Sethi, Shiv K.; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Roshi, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Roshi, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Greenbank, VA USA. [Wu, C.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. RP Jacobs, DC (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM daniel.c.jacobs@asu.edu RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Sethi, Shiv/D-4893-2012; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; Paul, Stephan/K-9237-2016; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Paul, Stephan/0000-0002-8813-0437; Dillon, Joshua/0000-0003-3336-9958; Wyithe, Stuart/0000-0001-7956-9758; /0000-0002-0086-7363; Trott, Cathryn/0000-0001-6324-1766 FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-1109257]; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-1401708]; Australian Research Council DECRA Award [DE140100316]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-1410484, AST-0821321, AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council (LIEF) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; MIT School of Science; Marble Astrophysics Fund; Centre for Allsky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington [MED-E1799]; New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development; IBM Shared University Research Grant; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Education Investment Fund; Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; NVIDIA at Harvard University; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR); Joint Venture of Curtin University; University of Western Australia - Western Australian State government FX We thank our referee for a comprehensive review which materially improved the paper. This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) through award AST-1109257. D.C.J. is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1401708. C.M.T. is supported by an Australian Research Council DECRA Award, DE140100316. This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants AST-1410484, AST-0821321, AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), MIT School of Science, the Marble Astrophysics Fund, and the Centre for Allsky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 73 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 114 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/114 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800032 ER PT J AU Kendrew, S Beuther, H Simpson, R Csengeri, T Wienen, M Lintott, CJ Povich, MS Beaumont, C Schuller, F AF Kendrew, Sarah Beuther, Henrik Simpson, Robert Csengeri, Timea Wienen, Marion Lintott, Chris. J. Povich, Matthew S. Beaumont, Chris Schuller, Frederic TI THE MILKY WAY PROJECT AND ATLASGAL: THE DISTRIBUTION AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COLD CLUMPS NEAR INFRARED BUBBLES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H (II) regions; infrared: ISM; ISM: bubbles; stars: formation; stars: massive; submillimeter: ISM ID H-II REGIONS; MASSIVE-STAR-FORMATION; SPITZER GLIMPSE SURVEY; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY; INTERSTELLAR BUBBLES; IONIZING FEEDBACK; FORMATION HISTORY; CLUSTER FORMATION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS AB We present a statistical study of the distribution and physical properties of cold, dense material in and around the inner Galactic Plane near-infrared bubbles as cataloged by the Milky Way Project citizen scientists. Using data from the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy 870 mu m. survey, we show that 48 +/- 2% of all cold clumps in the studied survey region (vertical bar l vertical bar <= 65 degrees, vertical bar b vertical bar <= 1 degrees) are found in close proximity to a bubble, and 25 +/- 2% appear directly projected toward a bubble rim. A two-point correlation analysis confirms the strong correlation of massive cold clumps with expanding bubbles. It shows an overdensity of clumps along bubble rims that grows with increasing bubble size, which shows how interstellar medium material is reordered on large scales by bubble expansion around regions of massive star formation. The highest column density clumps appear to be resistent to the expansion, remaining overdense toward the bubbles' interior rather than being swept up by the expanding edge. Spectroscopic observations in ammonia show that cold dust clumps near bubbles appear to be denser, hotter, and more turbulent than those in the field, offering circumstantial evidence that bubble-associated clumps are more likely to be forming stars. These observed differences in physical conditions persist beyond the region of the bubble rims. C1 [Kendrew, Sarah; Simpson, Robert; Lintott, Chris. J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Kendrew, Sarah; Beuther, Henrik] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Simpson, Robert] Google UK, Belgrave House,76 Buckingham Palace Rd, London SW1W 9TQ, England. [Csengeri, Timea; Wienen, Marion] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Povich, Matthew S.] Cal Poly Pomona, Dept Phys & Astron, 3801 West Temple Ave, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Beaumont, Chris] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schuller, Frederic] ESO, Alonso de Cordova 3107,Casilla 19001, Vitacura, Santiago De Chi, Chile. RP Kendrew, S (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.; Kendrew, S (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM sarah.kendrew@physics.ox.ac.uk OI Beuther, Henrik/0000-0002-1700-090X FU NASA; ERC Advanced Grant GLOSTAR [247078] FX This publication has been made possible by the participation of more than 35,000 volunteers on the Milky Way Project. Their contributions are acknowledged individually at. http://www.milkywayproject.org/authors. Images in the Milky Way Project are based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. We also use data acquired with the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX). APEX is a collaboration between the Max Planck Institute for Radioastronomy, the European Southern Observatory, and the Onsala Space Observatory.; S.K. made extensive use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services for this work, and is grateful for helpful discussions with Mark Thompson, James Urquhart, Janet Drew, Jim Dale, Grace Wolf-Chase, and Eve Ostriker. T. C. acknowledges financial support from the ERC Advanced Grant GLOSTAR under contract No. 247078. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 142 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/142 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800060 ER PT J AU Lewis, JA Lada, CJ AF Lewis, John Arban Lada, Charles J. TI PROTOSTARS AT LOW EXTINCTION IN ORION A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: star formation; stars: protostars ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; OUTFLOW-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; NEARBY MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SPITZER-IRS SPECTRA; STAR-FORMATION; CLASS-I; INFRARED SURVEY; SKY SURVEY; POPULATION AB In the list of young stellar objects (YSOs) compiled by Megeath et al. for the Orion A molecular cloud, only 44 out of 1208 sources found projected onto low extinction (A(K) < 0.8 mag) gas are identified as protostars. These objects are puzzling because protostars are not typically expected to be associated with extended low extinction material. Here, we use high resolution extinction maps generated from Herschel data, optical/infrared and Spitzer Space Telescope photometry and spectroscopy of the low extinction protostellar candidate sources to determine if they are likely true protostellar sources or contaminants. Out of 44 candidate objects, we determine that 10 sources are likely protostars, with the rest being more evolved YSOs (18), galaxies (4), false detections of nebulosity and cloud edges (9), or real sources for which more data are required to ascertain their nature (3). We find none of the confirmed protostars to be associated with recognizable dense cores and we briefly discuss possible origins for these orphaned objects. C1 [Lewis, John Arban; Lada, Charles J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lewis, JA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jalewis@cfa.harvard.edu; clada@cfa.harvard.edu OI Lewis, John/0000-0001-5199-3522 FU Harvard Graduate Student Fellowship; Dick Smith Family Fellowship; NSF Graduate Student Research Fellowship FX We thank Stefan Meingast and Joao Alves for the VISTA VISION survey images, Marco Lombardi for the Herschel data, and Josefa Grossschedl for very useful discussions. We thank the anonymous referee for comments and criticisms that greatly improved the quality of this paper. J.A.L. acknowledges useful discussions with Phil Cowperthwaite, Dawn Graninger, Alyssa Goodman, John Johnson, Karin Oberg, and Ryan Loomis. J.A.L. was funded by the Harvard Graduate Student Fellowship, the Dick Smith Family Fellowship administered by Harvard University, and an NSF Graduate Student Research Fellowship. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System; the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive; the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France; Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013); and APLpy, an open-source plotting package for Python hosted at http://aplpy.github.com. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 91 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/91 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800009 ER PT J AU Morganson, E Conn, B Rix, HW Bell, EF Burgett, WS Chambers, K Dolphin, A Draper, PW Flewelling, H Hodapp, K Kaiser, N Magnier, EA Martin, NF Martinez-Delgado, D Metcalfe, N Schlafly, EF Slater, CT Wainscoat, RJ Waters, CZ AF Morganson, Eric Conn, Blair Rix, Hans-Walter Bell, Eric F. Burgett, William S. Chambers, Kenneth Dolphin, Andrew Draper, Peter W. Flewelling, Heather Hodapp, Klaus Kaiser, Nick Magnier, Eugene A. Martin, Nicolas F. Martinez-Delgado, David Metcalfe, Nigel Schlafly, Edward F. Slater, Colin T. Wainscoat, Richard J. Waters, Christopher Z. TI MAPPING THE MONOCEROS RING IN 3D WITH PAN-STARRS1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: disk ID CANIS-MAJOR OVERDENSITY; EXPLORING HALO SUBSTRUCTURE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HIERARCHICAL SATELLITE ACCRETION; ANTICENTER STELLAR STRUCTURE; GALACTIC LATITUDE STRUCTURES; NUMBER DENSITY DISTRIBUTION; DARK-MATTER SUBSTRUCTURE; SAGITTARIUS DWARF GALAXY; RADIAL-VELOCITY SURVEY AB Using the Pan-STARRS1 survey, we derive limiting magnitude, spatial completeness, and density maps that we use to probe the three-dimensional structure and estimate the stellar mass of the so-called Monoceros Ring. The Monoceros Ring is an enormous and complex stellar sub-structure in the outer Milky Way disk. It is most visible across the large Galactic Anticenter region, 120 degrees < l < 240 degrees, -30 degrees < b < + 40 degrees. We estimate its stellar mass density profile along every line of sight in 2 degrees x 2 degrees pixels over the entire 30,000 deg(2) Pan-STARRS1 survey using the previously developed MATCH software. By parsing this distribution into a radially smooth component and the Monoceros Ring, we obtain its mass and distance from the Sun along each relevant line of sight. The Monoceros Ring is significantly closer to us in the south (6 kpc) than in the north (9 kpc). We also create 2D cross-sections parallel to the Galactic plane that show 135 degrees of the Monoceros Ring in the south and 170 degrees of the Monoceros Ring in the north. We show that the northern and southern structures are also roughly concentric circles, suggesting that they may be waves rippling from a common origin. Excluding the Galactic plane similar to +/- 4 degrees, we observe an excess mass of 4 x 10(6) M-circle dot across 120 degrees < l < 240 degrees. If we interpolate across the Galactic plane, we estimate that this region contains 8 x 10(6)M(circle dot). If we assume (somewhat boldly) that the Monoceros Ring is a set of two Galactocentric rings, its total mass is 6 x10(7) M-circle dot. Finally, if we assume that it is a set of two circles centered at a point 4 kpc from the Galactic center in the anti-central direction, as our data suggests, we estimate its mass to be 4 x 10(7)M(circle dot). C1 [Morganson, Eric; Conn, Blair; Rix, Hans-Walter; Martin, Nicolas F.; Schlafly, Edward F.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Morganson, Eric] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, 1205 W Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Morganson, Eric] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Conn, Blair] Gemini Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. [Bell, Eric F.; Slater, Colin T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Burgett, William S.] GMTO Corp, Suite 300,251 S Lake Ave, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Chambers, Kenneth; Flewelling, Heather; Hodapp, Klaus; Kaiser, Nick; Magnier, Eugene A.; Wainscoat, Richard J.; Waters, Christopher Z.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Dolphin, Andrew] Raytheon Co, 1151 E Hermans Rd, Tucson, AZ 85756 USA. [Draper, Peter W.; Metcalfe, Nigel] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Sci Labs, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Martin, Nicolas F.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7550, Observ Astron Strasbourg, 11 Rue Univ, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. [Martinez-Delgado, David] Heidelberg Univ, Astron Rech Inst, Zentrum Astron, Monchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Morganson, E (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.; Morganson, E (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, 1205 W Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.; Morganson, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ericm@illinois.edu OI Draper, Peter W./0000-0002-7204-9802; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056; Bell, Eric/0000-0002-5564-9873 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877]; University of Maryland; Eotvos Lorand University F(ELTE); "The Milky Way System" (subproject A3) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) [Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 881] FX The PS1 Surveys have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society, and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University F(ELTE).; EM acknowledges funding by Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 881 "The Milky Way System" (subproject A3) of the German Research Foundation (DFG). NR 96 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/140 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800058 ER PT J AU Ruan, JJ Anderson, SF Green, PJ Morganson, E Eracleous, M Myers, AD Badenes, C Bershady, MA Brandt, WN Chambers, KC Davenport, JRA Dawson, KS Flewelling, H Heckman, TM Isler, JC Kaiser, N Kneib, JP MacLeod, CL Paris, I Ross, NP Runnoe, JC Schlafly, EF Schmidt, SJ Schneider, DP Schwope, AD Shen, Y Stassun, KG Szkody, P Waters, CZ York, DG AF Ruan, John J. Anderson, Scott F. Green, Paul J. Morganson, Eric Eracleous, Michael Myers, Adam D. Badenes, Carles Bershady, Matthew A. Brandt, William N. Chambers, Kenneth C. Davenport, James R. A. Dawson, Kyle S. Flewelling, Heather Heckman, Timothy M. Isler, Jedidah C. Kaiser, Nick Kneib, Jean-Paul MacLeod, Chelsea L. Paris, Isabelle Ross, Nicholas P. Runnoe, Jessie C. Schlafly, Edward F. Schmidt, Sarah J. Schneider, Donald P. Schwope, Axel D. Shen, Yue Stassun, Keivan G. Szkody, Paula Waters, Christoper Z. York, Donald G. TI THE TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY: UNDERSTANDING THE OPTICALLY VARIABLE SKY WITH SEQUELS IN SDSS-III SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE quasars: general; stars: variables: general; surveys ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BROAD-ABSORPTION-LINE; PHOTOMETRICALLY CLASSIFIED QUASARS; TRACING GALAXY FORMATION; DAMPED RANDOM-WALK; BLACK-HOLE BINARY; SURVEY STRIPE 82; RR LYRAE STARS; LOW-MASS STARS; DATA RELEASE 9 AB The Time-Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS) is an SDSS-IV eBOSS subproject primarily aimed at obtaining identification spectra of similar to 220,000 optically variable objects systematically selected from SDSS/Pan-STARRS1 multi-epoch imaging. We present a preview of the science enabled by TDSS, based on TDSS spectra taken over similar to 320 deg(2) of sky as part of the SEQUELS survey in SDSS-III, which is in part a pilot survey for eBOSS in SDSS-IV. Using the 15,746 TDSS-selected single-epoch spectra of photometrically variable objects in SEQUELS, we determine the demographics of our variability-selected sample and investigate the unique spectral characteristics inherent in samples selected by variability. We show that variability-based selection of quasars complements color-based selection by selecting additional redder quasars and mitigates redshift biases to produce a smooth quasar redshift distribution over a wide range of redshifts. The resulting quasar sample contains systematically higher fractions of blazars and broad absorption line quasars than from color-selected samples. Similarly, we show that M dwarfs in the TDSS-selected stellar sample have systematically higher chromospheric active fractions than the underlying M-dwarf population based on their Ha emission. TDSS also contains a large number of RR Lyrae and eclipsing binary stars with main-sequence colors, including a few composite-spectrum binaries. Finally, our visual inspection of TDSS spectra uncovers a significant number of peculiar spectra, and we highlight a few cases of these interesting objects. With a factor of similar to 15 more spectra, the main TDSS survey in SDSS-IV will leverage the lessons learned from these early results for a variety of time-domain science applications. C1 [Ruan, John J.; Anderson, Scott F.; Szkody, Paula] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Green, Paul J.; Morganson, Eric] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Eracleous, Michael; Brandt, William N.; Runnoe, Jessie C.; Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Eracleous, Michael; Brandt, William N.; Runnoe, Jessie C.; Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Myers, Adam D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron 3905, 1000 E Univ, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Badenes, Carles] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Badenes, Carles] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr P, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Bershady, Matthew A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, 475 N Charter St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Brandt, William N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chambers, Kenneth C.; Flewelling, Heather] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Davenport, James R. A.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Dawson, Kyle S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Heckman, Timothy M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Isler, Jedidah C.; Stassun, Keivan G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Observ Sauverny, Astrophys Lab, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [MacLeod, Chelsea L.; Ross, Nicholas P.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Paris, Isabelle] Osserv Astron Trieste, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Via GB Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy. [Schlafly, Edward F.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Schmidt, Sarah J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Schmidt, Sarah J.; Schwope, Axel D.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, An Der Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Shen, Yue] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Shen, Yue] Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Stassun, Keivan G.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. RP Ruan, JJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jruan@astro.washington.edu OI Schmidt, Sarah/0000-0002-7224-7702; Green, Paul/0000-0002-8179-9445 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX08AR22G]; NASA through Fermi Guest Investigator grant [NNX14AQ23G]; NSF [AST-1516784]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX J.J.R. acknowledges NASA support through Fermi Guest Investigator grant NNX14AQ23G. W.N.B. acknowledges NSF support through grant AST-1516784.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://sdss3.org/.SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University.; The PS1 Surveys have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society, and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate. NR 143 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR 137 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/137 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU1BM UT WOS:000381940800055 ER PT J AU Chen, CHK Matteini, L Schekochihin, AA Stevens, ML Salem, CS Maruca, BA Kunz, MW Bale, SD AF Chen, C. H. K. Matteini, L. Schekochihin, A. A. Stevens, M. L. Salem, C. S. Maruca, B. A. Kunz, M. W. Bale, S. D. TI MULTI-SPECIES MEASUREMENTS OF THE FIREHOSE AND MIRROR INSTABILITY THRESHOLDS IN THE SOLAR WIND SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE instabilities; plasmas; solar wind ID PROTON TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY; HOSE INSTABILITY; IONS; STABILITY; PLASMA; MAGNETOSPHERE; SIMULATIONS; MECHANISM; 0.3-AU; 1-AU AB The firehose and mirror instabilities are thought to arise in a variety of space and astrophysical plasmas, constraining the pressure anisotropies and drifts between particle species. The plasma stability depends on all species simultaneously, meaning that a combined analysis is required. Here, we present the first such analysis in the solar wind, using the long-wavelength stability parameters to combine the anisotropies and drifts of all major species (core and beam protons, alphas, and electrons). At the threshold, the firehose parameter was found to be dominated by protons (67%), but also to have significant contributions from electrons (18%) and alphas (15%). Drifts were also found to be important, contributing 57% in the presence of a proton beam. A similar situation was found for the mirror, with contributions of 61%, 28%, and 11% for protons, electrons, and alphas, respectively. The parallel electric field contribution, however, was found to be small at 9%. Overall, the long-wavelength thresholds constrain the data well (< 1% unstable), and the implications of this are discussed. C1 [Chen, C. H. K.; Matteini, L.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Chen, C. H. K.; Salem, C. S.; Maruca, B. A.; Bale, S. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schekochihin, A. A.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Schekochihin, A. A.] Univ Oxford Merton Coll, Oxford OX1 4JD, England. [Stevens, M. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kunz, M. W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bale, S. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, CHK (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM christopher.chen@imperial.ac.uk RI Bale, Stuart/E-7533-2011; OI Bale, Stuart/0000-0002-1989-3596; Matteini, Lorenzo/0000-0002-6276-7771 FU Imperial College Junior Research Fellowship; STFC grant [ST/K001051/1]; Marie Curie Project FP7-"Turboplasmas" [PIRSES-2010-269297] FX C.H.K.C. is supported by an Imperial College Junior Research Fellowship. L.M. is supported by STFC grant ST/K001051/1. We acknowledge support provided to ISSI/ISSI-BJ Team 304 and the Marie Curie Project FP7 PIRSES-2010-269297-"Turboplasmas." We thank P. Hellinger, K. G. Klein, and D. Stansby for useful discussions. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUL 10 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 2 AR L26 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/825/2/L26 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS4GG UT WOS:000380738800010 ER PT J AU Aharonian, F Akamatsu, H Akimoto, F Allen, SW Anabuki, N Angelini, L Arnaud, K Audard, M Awaki, H Axelsson, M Bamba, A Bautz, M Blandford, R Brenneman, L Brown, GV Bulbul, E Cackett, E Chernyakova, M Chiao, M Coppi, P Costantini, E de Plaa, J den Herder, JW Done, C Dotani, T Ebisawa, K Eckart, M Enoto, T Ezoe, Y Fabian, AC Ferrigno, C Foster, A Fujimoto, R Fukazawa, Y Furuzawa, A Galeazzi, M Gallo, L Gandhi, P Giustini, M Goldwurm, A Gu, L Guainazzi, M Haba, Y Hagino, K Hamaguchi, K Harrus, I Hatsukade, I Hayashi, K Hayashi, T Hayashida, K Hiraga, J Hornschemeier, A Hoshino, A Hughes, J Iizuka, R Inoue, H Inoue, Y Ishibashi, K Ishida, M Ishikawa, K Ishisaki, Y Itoh, M Iyomoto, N Kaastra, J Kallman, T Kamae, T Kara, E Kataoka, J Katsuda, S Katsuta, J Kawaharada, M Kawai, N Kelley, R Khangulyan, D Kilbourne, C King, A Kitaguchi, T Kitamoto, S Kitayama, T Kohmura, T Kokubun, M Koyama, S Koyama, K Kretschmar, P Krimm, H Kubota, A Kunieda, H Laurent, P Lebrun, F Lee, SH Leutenegger, M Limousin, O Loewenstein, M Long, KS Lumb, D Madejski, G Maeda, Y Maier, D Makishima, K Markevitch, M Matsumoto, H Matsushita, K McCammon, D McNamara, B Mehdipour, M Miller, E Miller, J Mineshige, S Mitsuda, K Mitsuishi, I Miyazawa, T Mizuno, T Mori, H Mori, K Moseley, H Mukai, K Murakami, H Murakami, T Mushotzky, R Nagino, R Nakagawa, T Nakajima, H Nakamori, T Nakano, T Nakashima, S Nakazawa, K Nobukawa, M Noda, H Nomachi, M O'Dell, S Odaka, H Ohashi, T Ohno, M Okajima, T Ota, N Ozaki, M Paerels, F Paltani, S Parmar, A Petre, R Pinto, C Pohl, M Porter, FS Pottschmidt, K Ramsey, B Reynolds, C Russell, H Safi-Harb, S Saito, S Sakai, K Sameshima, H Sato, G Sato, K Sato, R Sawada, M Schartel, N Serlemitsos, P Seta, H Shidatsu, M Simionescu, A Smith, R Soong, Y Stawarz, L Sugawara, Y Sugita, S Szymkowiak, A Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, T Takeda, S Takei, Y Tamagawa, T Tamura, K Tamura, T Tanaka, T Tanaka, Y Tanaka, Y Tashiro, M Tawara, Y Terada, Y Terashima, Y Tombesi, F Tomida, H Tsuboi, Y Tsujimoto, M Tsunemi, H Tsuru, T Uchida, H Uchiyama, H Uchiyama, Y Ueda, S Ueda, Y Ueno, S Uno, S Urry, M Ursino, E De Vries, C Watanabe, S Werner, N Wik, D Wilkins, D Williams, B Yamada, S Yamaguchi, H Yamaoka, K Yamasaki, NY Yamauchi, M Yamauchi, S Yaqoob, T Yatsu, Y Yonetoku, D Yoshida, A Yuasa, T Zhuravleva, I Zoghbi, A AF Aharonian, Felix Akamatsu, Hiroki Akimoto, Fumie Allen, Steven W. Anabuki, Naohisa Angelini, Lorella Arnaud, Keith Audard, Marc Awaki, Hisamitsu Axelsson, Magnus Bamba, Aya Bautz, Marshall Blandford, Roger Brenneman, Laura Brown, Gregory V. Bulbul, Esra Cackett, Edward Chernyakova, Maria Chiao, Meng Coppi, Paolo Costantini, Elisa de Plaa, Jelle den Herder, Jan-Willem Done, Chris Dotani, Tadayasu Ebisawa, Ken Eckart, Megan Enoto, Teruaki Ezoe, Yuichiro Fabian, Andrew C. Ferrigno, Carlo Foster, Adam Fujimoto, Ryuichi Fukazawa, Yasushi Furuzawa, Akihiro Galeazzi, Massimiliano Gallo, Luigi Gandhi, Poshak Giustini, Margherita Goldwurm, Andrea Gu, Liyi Guainazzi, Matteo Haba, Yoshito Hagino, Kouichi Hamaguchi, Kenji Harrus, Ilana Hatsukade, Isamu Hayashi, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashida, Kiyoshi Hiraga, Junko Hornschemeier, Ann Hoshino, Akio Hughes, John Iizuka, Ryo Inoue, Hajime Inoue, Yoshiyuki Ishibashi, Kazunori Ishida, Manabu Ishikawa, Kumi Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Itoh, Masayuki Iyomoto, Naoko Kaastra, Jelle Kallman, Timothy Kamae, Tuneyoshi Kara, Erin Kataoka, Jun Katsuda, Satoru Katsuta, Junichiro Kawaharada, Madoka Kawai, Nobuyuki Kelley, Richard Khangulyan, Dmitry Kilbourne, Caroline King, Ashley Kitaguchi, Takao Kitamoto, Shunji Kitayama, Tetsu Kohmura, Takayoshi Kokubun, Motohide Koyama, Shu Koyama, Katsuji Kretschmar, Peter Krimm, Hans Kubota, Aya Kunieda, Hideyo Laurent, Philippe Lebrun, Francois Lee, Shiu-Hang Leutenegger, Maurice Limousin, Olivier Loewenstein, Michael Long, Knox S. Lumb, David Madejski, Grzegorz Maeda, Yoshitomo Maier, Daniel Makishima, Kazuo Markevitch, Maxim Matsumoto, Hironori Matsushita, Kyoko McCammon, Dan McNamara, Brian Mehdipour, Missagh Miller, Eric Miller, Jon Mineshige, Shin Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Miyazawa, Takuya Mizuno, Tsunefumi Mori, Hideyuki Mori, Koji Moseley, Harvey Mukai, Koji Murakami, Hiroshi Murakami, Toshio Mushotzky, Richard Nagino, Ryo Nakagawa, Takao Nakajima, Hiroshi Nakamori, Takeshi Nakano, Toshio Nakashima, Shinya Nakazawa, Kazuhiro Nobukawa, Masayoshi Noda, Hirofumi Nomachi, Masaharu O'Dell, Steve Odaka, Hirokazu Ohashi, Takaya Ohno, Masanori Okajima, Takashi Ota, Naomi Ozaki, Masanobu Paerels, Frits Paltani, Stephane Parmar, Arvind Petre, Robert Pinto, Ciro Pohl, Martin Porter, F. Scott Pottschmidt, Katja Ramsey, Brian Reynolds, Christopher Russell, Helen Safi-Harb, Samar Saito, Shinya Sakai, Kazuhiro Sameshima, Hiroaki Sato, Goro Sato, Kosuke Sato, Rie Sawada, Makoto Schartel, Norbert Serlemitsos, Peter Seta, Hiromi Shidatsu, Megumi Simionescu, Aurora Smith, Randall Soong, Yang Stawarz, Lukasz Sugawara, Yasuharu Sugita, Satoshi Szymkowiak, Andrew Tajima, Hiroyasu Takahashi, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takeda, Shin'ichiro Takei, Yoh Tamagawa, Toru Tamura, Keisuke Tamura, Takayuki Tanaka, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuo Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tashiro, Makoto Tawara, Yuzuru Terada, Yukikatsu Terashima, Yuichi Tombesi, Francesco Tomida, Hiroshi Tsuboi, Yohko Tsujimoto, Masahiro Tsunemi, Hiroshi Tsuru, Takeshi Uchida, Hiroyuki Uchiyama, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Ueda, Shutaro Ueda, Yoshihiro Ueno, Shiro Uno, Shin'ichiro Urry, Meg Ursino, Eugenio De Vries, Cor Watanabe, Shin Werner, Norbert Wik, Daniel Wilkins, Dan Williams, Brian Yamada, Shinya Yamaguchi, Hiroya Yamaoka, Kazutaka Yamasaki, Noriko Y. Yamauchi, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yaqoob, Tahir Yatsu, Yoichi Yonetoku, Daisuke Yoshida, Atsumasa Yuasa, Takayuki Zhuravleva, Irina Zoghbi, Abderahmen CA Hitomi Collaboration TI The quiescent intracluster medium in the core of the Perseus cluster SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; GALAXY CLUSTERS; XMM-NEWTON; TURBULENT VELOCITY; NGC 1275; NGC-1275; LINE; CONSTRAINTS; FEEDBACK; PLASMAS AB Clusters of galaxies are the most massive gravitationally bound objects in the Universe and are still forming. They are thus important probes(1) of cosmological parameters and many astrophysical processes. However, knowledge of the dynamics of the pervasive hot gas, the mass of which is much larger than the combined mass of all the stars in the cluster, is lacking. Such knowledge would enable insights into the injection of mechanical energy by the central supermassive black hole and the use of hydrostatic equilibrium for determining cluster masses. X-rays from the core of the Perseus cluster are emitted by the 50-million-kelvin diffuse hot plasma filling its gravitational potential well. The active galactic nucleus of the central galaxy NGC 1275 is pumping jetted energy into the surrounding intracluster medium, creating buoyant bubbles filled with relativistic plasma. These bubbles probably induce motions in the intracluster medium and heat the inner gas, preventing runaway radiative cooling-a process known as active galactic nucleus feedback(2-6). Here we report X-ray observations of the core of the Perseus cluster, which reveal a remarkably quiescent atmosphere in which the gas has a line-of-sight velocity dispersion of 164 +/- 10 kilometres per second in the region 30-60 kiloparsecs from the central nucleus. A gradient in the line-of-sight velocity of 150 +/- 70 kilometres per second is found across the 60-kiloparsec image of the cluster core. Turbulent pressure support in the gas is four per cent of the thermodynamic pressure, with large-scale shear at most doubling this estimate. We infer that a total cluster mass determined from hydrostatic equilibrium in a central region would require little correction for turbulent pressure. C1 [Aharonian, Felix; Chernyakova, Maria] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Astron & Astrophys Sect, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Aharonian, Felix] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPHI, Moscow 115409, Russia. [Akamatsu, Hiroki; Costantini, Elisa; de Plaa, Jelle; den Herder, Jan-Willem; Giustini, Margherita; Gu, Liyi; Kaastra, Jelle; Mehdipour, Missagh; De Vries, Cor] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Akimoto, Fumie; Furuzawa, Akihiro; Hayashi, Takayuki; Ishibashi, Kazunori; Kunieda, Hideyo; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Miyazawa, Takuya; Tamura, Keisuke; Tawara, Yuzuru; Yamaoka, Kazutaka] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Allen, Steven W.; Blandford, Roger; Kamae, Tuneyoshi; King, Ashley; Madejski, Grzegorz; Werner, Norbert; Zhuravleva, Irina] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Allen, Steven W.; Blandford, Roger; King, Ashley; Werner, Norbert; Zhuravleva, Irina] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Allen, Steven W.; Blandford, Roger; Madejski, Grzegorz] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Anabuki, Naohisa; Hayashida, Kiyoshi; Nagino, Ryo; Nakajima, Hiroshi; Tsunemi, Hiroshi] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Angelini, Lorella; Arnaud, Keith; Chiao, Meng; Eckart, Megan; Hamaguchi, Kenji; Harrus, Ilana; Hornschemeier, Ann; Kallman, Timothy; Kelley, Richard; Kilbourne, Caroline; Krimm, Hans; Leutenegger, Maurice; Loewenstein, Michael; Markevitch, Maxim; Mori, Hideyuki; Moseley, Harvey; Mukai, Koji; Okajima, Takashi; Petre, Robert; Porter, F. Scott; Pottschmidt, Katja; Sakai, Kazuhiro; Serlemitsos, Peter; Soong, Yang; Tombesi, Francesco; Wik, Daniel; Williams, Brian; Yamaguchi, Hiroya; Yaqoob, Tahir] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Arnaud, Keith; Kara, Erin; Loewenstein, Michael; Mushotzky, Richard; Reynolds, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Audard, Marc; Ferrigno, Carlo; Paltani, Stephane; Pohl, Martin] Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Awaki, Hisamitsu; Terashima, Yuichi] Ehime Univ, Dept Phys, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. [Axelsson, Magnus; Ezoe, Yuichiro; Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Ohashi, Takaya; Seta, Hiromi; Yamada, Shinya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Bamba, Aya; Nakazawa, Kazuhiro] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Bautz, Marshall; Bulbul, Esra; Miller, Eric] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Brenneman, Laura; Foster, Adam; Smith, Randall] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS-4, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brown, Gregory V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Cackett, Edward; Fabian, Andrew C.; Pinto, Ciro; Russell, Helen] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Coppi, Paolo; Szymkowiak, Andrew; Urry, Meg] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Done, Chris] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Dotani, Tadayasu; Ebisawa, Ken; Guainazzi, Matteo; Hagino, Kouichi; Hayashi, Katsuhiro; Iizuka, Ryo; Inoue, Hajime; Inoue, Yoshiyuki; Ishida, Manabu; Kokubun, Motohide; Koyama, Shu; Lee, Shiu-Hang; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Nakagawa, Takao; Nakashima, Shinya; Odaka, Hirokazu; Ozaki, Masanobu; Sameshima, Hiroaki; Sato, Goro; Sato, Rie; Simionescu, Aurora; Takahashi, Tadayuki; Takei, Yoh; Tamura, Takayuki; Tanaka, Yasuo; Tomida, Hiroshi; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Ueda, Shutaro; Ueno, Shiro; Watanabe, Shin; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Enoto, Teruaki; Mineshige, Shin; Ueda, Yoshihiro] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Enoto, Teruaki] Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr Adv Res, Kyoto 6068302, Japan. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi; Murakami, Toshio; Yonetoku, Daisuke] Kanazawa Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Fukazawa, Yasushi; Katsuta, Junichiro; Kitaguchi, Takao; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Ohno, Masanori; Takahashi, Hiromitsu; Tanaka, Yasuyuki] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Galeazzi, Massimiliano; Ursino, Eugenio] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Miami, FL 33124 USA. [Gallo, Luigi; Wilkins, Dan] St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. [Gandhi, Poshak] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Goldwurm, Andrea; Laurent, Philippe; Lebrun, Francois; Limousin, Olivier; Maier, Daniel] CEA Saclay, IRFU Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Guainazzi, Matteo; Kretschmar, Peter; Schartel, Norbert] ESAC, ESA, Madrid, Spain. [Haba, Yoshito] Aichi Univ Educ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kariya, Aichi 4488543, Japan. [Hamaguchi, Kenji; Harrus, Ilana; Mukai, Koji; Pottschmidt, Katja; Yaqoob, Tahir] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Hatsukade, Isamu; Mori, Koji; Yamauchi, Makoto] Miyazaki Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Elect Engn, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan. [Hiraga, Junko] Kwansei Gakuin Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 6691337, Japan. [Hoshino, Akio; Khangulyan, Dmitry; Kitamoto, Shunji; Saito, Shinya; Uchiyama, Yasunobu] Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Hughes, John] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Ishikawa, Kumi; Nakano, Toshio; Noda, Hirofumi; Tamagawa, Toru; Yuasa, Takayuki] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Itoh, Masayuki] Kobe Univ, Fac Human Dev, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Iyomoto, Naoko] Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. [Kataoka, Jun] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Katsuda, Satoru; Sugawara, Yasuharu; Tsuboi, Yohko] Chuo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1128551, Japan. [Kawaharada, Madoka] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Tsukuba Space Ctr TKSC, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Kawai, Nobuyuki; Sugita, Satoshi; Yatsu, Yoichi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kitayama, Tetsu] Toho Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2748510, Japan. [Kohmura, Takayoshi] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Chiba 2788510, Japan. [Koyama, Katsuji; Tanaka, Takaaki; Tsuru, Takeshi; Uchida, Hiroyuki] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Krimm, Hans] Univ Space Res Assoc, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Kubota, Aya] Shibaura Inst Technol, Dept Elect Informat Syst, Saitama 3378570, Japan. [Long, Knox S.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Lumb, David; Parmar, Arvind] ESTEC, ESA, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Makishima, Kazuo; Shidatsu, Megumi] RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Matsumoto, Hironori] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Matsushita, Kyoko; Sato, Kosuke] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [McNamara, Brian] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Miller, Jon; Zoghbi, Abderahmen] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Murakami, Hiroshi] Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Fac Liberal Arts, Dept Informat Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9813193, Japan. [Nakamori, Takeshi] Yamagata Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Yamagata 9908560, Japan. [Nobukawa, Masayoshi] Nara Univ Educ, Dept Teacher Training, Takabatake Cho, Nara 6308528, Japan. [Nobukawa, Masayoshi] Nara Univ Educ, Sch Educ, Takabatake Cho, Nara 6308528, Japan. [Nomachi, Masaharu] Osaka Univ, Res Ctr Nucl Phys Toyonaka, 1-1 Machikaneyama Machi, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [O'Dell, Steve; Ramsey, Brian] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Ota, Naomi; Yamauchi, Shigeo] Nara Womens Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Nara 6308506, Japan. [Paerels, Frits] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Safi-Harb, Samar] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Sawada, Makoto; Yoshida, Atsumasa] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Stawarz, Lukasz] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Tajima, Hiroyasu] Nagoya Univ, Inst Space Earth Environm Res, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Takeda, Shin'ichiro] Grad Univ OIST, Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol, Adv Med Instrumentat Unit, Okinawa 9040495, Japan. [Tashiro, Makoto; Terada, Yukikatsu] Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Uchiyama, Hideki] Shizuoka Univ, Fac Educ, Sci Educ, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. [Uno, Shin'ichiro] Nihon Fukushi Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Mihama, Aichi 4750012, Japan. [Wik, Daniel] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Fabian, AC (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. EM acf@ast.cam.ac.uk RI Yamasaki, Noriko/C-2252-2008; Porter, Frederick/D-3501-2012; Zoghbi, Abderahmen/A-8445-2017; Shidatsu, Megumi/C-5742-2017; OI Porter, Frederick/0000-0002-6374-1119; Zoghbi, Abderahmen/0000-0002-0572-9613; Kretschmar, Peter/0000-0001-9840-2048; , kouichi/0000-0003-4235-5304; De Coppi, Paolo/0000-0002-1659-0207 FU NASA Science Mission Directorate; DoE [DE-AC3-76SF00515]; NASA [NNX15AM19G]; US DoE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NASA; European Space Agency; CNES; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales; NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research; Swiss Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI; ESA's PRODEX programme; Canadian Space Agency; JSPS/MEXT KAKENHI [15H02070, 15K05107, 23340071, 26109506, 24103002, 25400236, 25800119, 25400237, 25287042, 24540229, 25105516, 23540280, 25400235, 25247028, 26800095, 25400231, 26220703, 24105007, 23340055, 15H00773, 23000004, 15H02090, 15K17610, 15H05438, 15H00785, 24540232]; NWO via a Veni grant; JSPS; STFC [ST/L00075X/1]; JAXA; UK Science and Technology Funding Council (STFC) [ST/J003697/2]; ERC [340442]; JAXA/ISAS; JAXA/TKSC; NASA/GSFC; Noqsi Aerospace Ltd; Stanford U/KIPAC; ESA (Netherlands); SRON; CSA FX We acknowledge all the JAXA members who have contributed to the ASTRO-H (Hitomi) project. All US members gratefully acknowledge support through the NASA Science Mission Directorate. Stanford and SLAC members acknowledge support via DoE contract to SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory DE-AC3-76SF00515 and NASA grant NNX15AM19G. Part of this work was performed under the auspices of the US DoE by LLNL under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and also supported by NASA grants to LLNL. Support from the European Space Agency is gratefully acknowledged. French members acknowledge support from CNES, the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales. SRON is supported by NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. The Swiss team acknowledges support of the Swiss Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI and ESA's PRODEX programme. The Canadian Space Agency is acknowledged for the support of Canadian members. We acknowledge support from JSPS/MEXT KAKENHI grant numbers 15H02070, 15K05107, 23340071, 26109506, 24103002, 25400236, 25800119, 25400237, 25287042, 24540229, 25105516, 23540280, 25400235, 25247028, 26800095, 25400231, 25247028, 26220703, 24105007, 23340055, 15H00773, 23000004, 15H02090, 15K17610, 15H05438, 15H00785 and 24540232. H. Akamatsu acknowledges support of NWO via a Veni grant. M. Axelsson acknowledges a JSPS International Research Fellowship. C. Done acknowledges STFC funding under grant ST/L00075X/1. P. Gandhi acknowledges a JAXA International Top Young Fellowship and UK Science and Technology Funding Council (STFC) grant ST/J003697/2. H. Russell, A. C. Fabian and C. Pinto acknowledge support from ERC Advanced Grant Feedback 340442. We thank contributions by many companies, including, in particular, NEC, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Sumitomo Heavy Industries and Japan Aviation Electronics Industry. Finally, we acknowledge strong support from the following engineers. JAXA/ISAS: C. Baluta, N. Bando, A. Harayama, K. Hirose, K. Ishimura, N. Iwata, T. Kawano, S. Kawasaki, K. Minesugi, C. Natsukari, H. Ogawa, M. Ogawa, M. Ohta, T. Okazaki, S.-i. Sakai, Y. Shibano, M. Shida, T. Shimada, A. Wada, T. Yamada; JAXA/TKSC: A. Okamoto, Y. Sato, K. Shinozaki, H. Sugita; Chubu U: Y. Namba; Ehime U: K. Ogi; Kochi U of Technology: T. Kosaka; Miyazaki U: Y. Nishioka; Nagoya U: H. Nagano; NASA/GSFC: T. Bialas, K. Boyce, E. Canavan, M. DiPirro, M. Kimball, C. Masters, D. Mcguinness, J. Miko, T. Muench, J. Pontius, P. Shirron, C. Simmons, G. Sneiderman, T. Watanabe; Noqsi Aerospace Ltd: J. Doty; Stanford U/KIPAC: M. Asai, K. Gilmore; ESA (Netherlands): C. Jewell; SRON: D. Haas, M. Frericks, P. Laubert, P. Lowes; U of Geneva: P. Azzarello; CSA: A. Koujelev, F. Moroso. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 11 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUL 7 PY 2016 VL 535 IS 7610 BP 117 EP + DI 10.1038/nature18627 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DQ2EU UT WOS:000379015600035 ER PT J AU Stonis, JR Diskus, A Remeikis, A Davis, DR Solis, MA Torres, NC AF Stonis, Jonas R. Diskus, Arunas Remeikis, Andrius Davis, Donald R. Solis, M. Alma Cumbicus Torres, Nixon TI The first record of Baccharis L. (Asteraceae) as a host-plant genus for Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera), with description of new Stigmella species from South America SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Baccharis L.; host-plants; leaf-mines; Nepticulidae; new species; South America; Stigmella ID LEAF-MINING NEPTICULIDAE; COMPOSITAE AB We record the first Nepticulidae species found to feed on Baccharis L. ( Asteraceae). Despite the high species richness of Baccharis in the Western Hemisphere, no nepticulid has ever been recorded feeding on Baccharis. In this paper we describe six new Stigmella Schrank species feeding on Baccharis: S. emarginatae Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov., S. bipartita Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov., S. tripartita Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov., S. latifoliae Remeikis, Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov., S. baccharicola Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov., and S. confertae Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov. The remaining two taxa are left unnamed. All taxa are illustrated with photographs of adults, their genitalia, and their leaf-mines. Additionally, leaf- mines on Baccharis salicifolia are documented. C1 [Stonis, Jonas R.; Diskus, Arunas; Remeikis, Andrius] Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Studentu St 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Stonis, Jonas R.; Diskus, Arunas; Remeikis, Andrius] Baltic Amer Biotaxon Inst, Studentu St 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Remeikis, Andrius] Nat Res Ctr, Akad St 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Davis, Donald R.; Solis, M. Alma] Baltic Amer Biotaxon Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Solis, M. Alma] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Cumbicus Torres, Nixon] Univ Tecn Particular Loja, San Cayetano Alto S-N, Loja, Ecuador. RP Stonis, JR (reprint author), Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Studentu St 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania.; Stonis, JR (reprint author), Baltic Amer Biotaxon Inst, Studentu St 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. EM stonis@leu.lt FU Research Foundation of the Research Council of Lithuania; Baltic-American Biotaxonomy Institute; Research Foundation of the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences FX We are indebted to O. Karsholt and late Professor N. P. Kristensen (ZMUC) for the initial stimulus for the Neotropical project together with generous support during its course and the loan of Neotropical material. We are also grateful to our colleague Dr. Dimitri Forero (Laboratorio de Entomologia, UNESIS, Departamento de Biologia, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia). Dr. Arunas Diskus is thankful to Modestas Jocius for his kind assistance in investigating the Nepticulidae fauna of the Andes and to the Research Foundation of the Research Council of Lithuania for the research stripend in 2016. Andrius Remeikis is grateful to the Baltic-American Biotaxonomy Institute for the research stipend in 2015. This study was supported from the Research Foundation of the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences (2015). NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 6 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUL 5 PY 2016 VL 4136 IS 1 BP 101 EP 128 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4136.1.4 PG 28 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DQ5AT UT WOS:000379217500004 PM 27395706 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, PD Christy, JH Nunez, JD Iribarne, OO AF Ribeiro, Pablo D. Christy, John H. Nunez, Jesus D. Iribarne, Oscar O. TI HOOD-BUILDING DYNAMICS AND MATING MODE IN THE TEMPERATE FIDDLER CRAB UCA URUGUAYENSIS NOBILI, 1901 SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Mid-Year Meeting of the Crustacean-Society CY JUL, 2015 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Crustacean Soc DE mating behavior; reproductive cycle ID MONTHLY REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLES; ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE; GENUS UCA; PILLAR FUNCTION; SENSORY TRAP; OCYPODIDAE; COURTSHIP; LACTEA; FEMALE; BEEBEI AB Courting males of 18 species of fiddler crabs (Uca Leach, 1814) are known to build mud or sand structures at the entrances of their burrows. Females orient to these structures when seeking mates and, in some species, males sometimes orient to their own structures as well to relocate their burrows. We studied hood building in the temperate species Uca uruguayensis Nobili, 1901, the southernmost fiddler crab species, which mates both underground in males' burrows, especially at high densities, and on the surface at the entrance to females' burrows, a more common mode at low densities. Uca uruguayensis is relatively inactive during the winter and it was expected that the intensity of hood building would vary seasonally, with more hoods built when underground mating was more common. Courting male U. uruguayensis built nearly symmetrical cupped hoods of muddy sand, approximately half as high and two-thirds as deep as wide. Male courtship and mating occurred in summer from November 2001 to January 2002, but hood building was largely restricted to the last semi-monthly cycle, when the maximum number of matings were coincident with the maximum occurrence of hoods. The predominance of hood building at the end of the season may reflect the amount of time following winter inactivity that males need to feed before they exceed a threshold in the trade-off between allocation of resources to growth or reproduction. Contrary to expectations, males built more hoods at low densities where inter-burrow distances were greater. Males more often build hoods at lower densities because hoods enable them to venture further from their burrows to court both passing and burrow resident females. The temporal pattern of hood building by male U. uruguayensis may therefore reflect the mechanisms courting males use to relocate their burrows as well as variation in the social and spatial context of courtship and mate choice. C1 [Ribeiro, Pablo D.; Nunez, Jesus D.; Iribarne, Oscar O.] UNMdP CONICET, IIMyC, Rodriguez Pena 4046,B7602GSD, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Ribeiro, Pablo D.] Grp Invest & Educ Temas Ambient GrIETA, San Eduardo Del Mar, Argentina. [Christy, John H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Naos Lab, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Ribeiro, PD (reprint author), UNMdP CONICET, IIMyC, Rodriguez Pena 4046,B7602GSD, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Ribeiro, PD (reprint author), Grp Invest & Educ Temas Ambient GrIETA, San Eduardo Del Mar, Argentina. EM pribeiro@grieta.org.ar NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU CRUSTACEAN SOC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA SN 0278-0372 EI 1937-240X J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL JI J. Crustac. Biol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 507 EP 514 DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002440 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB3ZF UT WOS:000387307300009 ER PT J AU Amson, E Carrillo, JD Jaramillo, C AF Amson, Eli Carrillo, Juan D. Jaramillo, Carlos TI NEOGENE SLOTH ASSEMBLAGES (MAMMALIA, PILOSA) OF THE COCINETAS BASIN (LA GUAJIRA, COLOMBIA): IMPLICATIONS FOR THE GREAT AMERICAN BIOTIC INTERCHANGE SO PALAEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cocinetas Basin; Great American Biotic Interchange; Neotropics; palaeobiodiversity; Pilosa; sloth ID FORMATION LATE MIOCENE; NORTHERN NEOTROPICS; ESTADO FALCON; XENARTHRA; PLIOCENE; MEGATHERIIDAE; PLEISTOCENE; PHYLLOPHAGA; TARDIGRADA; ARGENTINA AB We describe sloth assemblages from the Cocinetas Basin (La Guajira peninsula, Colombia), found in the Neogene Castilletes and Ware formations, located in northern-most South America, documenting otherwise poorly known biotas. The tentative referral of a specimen to a small megatherioid sloth, Hyperleptus?, from the early-middle Miocene Castilletes Formation, suggests affinities of this fauna with the distant Santa Cruz Formation and documents a large latitudinal distribution for this taxon. The late Pliocene Ware Formation is much more diverse, with five distinct taxa representing every family of 'ground sloths'. This diversity is also remarkable at the ecological level, with sloths spanning over two orders of magnitude of body mass and probably having different feeding strategies. Being only a few hundred kilometres away from the Isthmus of Panama, and a few hundred thousand years older than the classically recognized first main pulse of the Great American Biotic interchange (GABI 1), the Ware Formation furthermore documents an important fauna for the understanding of this major event in Neogene palaeobiogeography. The sloths for which unambiguous affinities were recovered are not closely related to the early immigrants found in North America before GABI 1. C1 [Amson, Eli; Jaramillo, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa Ancon, Panama. [Amson, Eli; Carrillo, Juan D.] Univ Zurich, Palaontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Amson, Eli] Humboldt Univ, Bild Wissen Gestaltung Interdisziplinares Lab, AG Morphol & Formengeschichte, Philippstr 12-13, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Amson, Eli] Humboldt Univ, Inst Biol, Philippstr 12-13, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. RP Amson, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa Ancon, Panama.; Amson, E (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Palaontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland.; Amson, E (reprint author), Humboldt Univ, Bild Wissen Gestaltung Interdisziplinares Lab, AG Morphol & Formengeschichte, Philippstr 12-13, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.; Amson, E (reprint author), Humboldt Univ, Inst Biol, Philippstr 12-13, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. EM eli.amson@hu-berlin.de; juan.carrillo@pim.uzh.ch; jaramilloc@si.edu OI Amson, Eli/0000-0003-1474-9613; Carrillo, Juan D./0000-0003-2475-3341 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Swiss National Fund SNF [31003A-149605]; Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society; Anders Foundation; Gregory D. and Jennifer Walston Johnson; Universidad del Norte; Lab of M. R. Sanchez-Villagra at the Palaontologisches Institut und Museum der Universitat Zurich; National Science Foundation [EAR 0957679] FX Our gratitude goes to all the other members of the field campaigns, and in particular to J. W. Moreno-Bernal (STRI), who found several of the specimens presented here. The constant help of L. Londono (STRI) is also acknowledged. We thank C. Montes (Universidad de los Andes) and J. Escobar (Universidad del Norte) for welcoming EA to the collections under their care. M. R. Sanchez-Villagra is greatly acknowledged for helping to conceive the study and improve the manuscript. H. G. McDonald (Museum Management Program, National Park Service) and A. A. Carlini (Museo de la Plata) are thanked for their useful insights. B. Schubert (East Tennessee State University) is acknowledged for providing pictures of Megalonyx' caudal series. R. K. McAfee and an anonymous reviewer are warmly thanked for the improvement they brought to the manuscript. EA was granted a short-term postdoctoral fellowship of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and was subsequently funded by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. JC was supported by Swiss National Fund SNF 31003A-149605 to M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. The Smithsonian Institution, the National Geographic Society, the Anders Foundation, Gregory D. and Jennifer Walston Johnson, Universidad del Norte, the Lab of M. R. Sanchez-Villagra at the Palaontologisches Institut und Museum der Universitat Zurich, and the National Science Foundation (Grant EAR 0957679) also helped to support this work. Thanks to Carlos Rosero for managing all the logistics in the field. Thanks to the communities of Warpana, Patajau, Aulechit, Nazareth, Wososopo, Sillamana, Paraguachon, La Flor de la Guajira, and Ipapura. Thanks to the Colombian National Police (Castilletes base) and the Colombian Army (La Flor de la Guajira and Cerro de la Teta). We express special thanks to our drivers, Grillo, Lalo and Medardo. NR 104 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-0239 EI 1475-4983 J9 PALAEONTOLOGY JI Paleontology PD JUL PY 2016 VL 59 IS 4 BP 563 EP 582 DI 10.1111/pala.12244 PG 20 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA EC7ZI UT WOS:000388359300006 ER PT J AU Ciceri, S Mancini, L Henning, T Bakos, G Penev, K Brahm, R Zhou, G Hartman, JD Bayliss, D Jordan, A Csubry, Z de Val-Borro, M Bhatti, W Rabus, M Espinoza, N Suc, V Schmidt, B Noyes, R Howard, AW Fulton, BJ Isaacson, H Marcy, GW Butler, RP Arriagada, P Crane, JD Shectman, S Thompson, I Tan, TG Lazar, J Papp, I Sari, P AF Ciceri, S. Mancini, L. Henning, T. Bakos, G. Penev, K. Brahm, R. Zhou, G. Hartman, J. D. Bayliss, D. Jordan, A. Csubry, Z. de Val-Borro, M. Bhatti, W. Rabus, M. Espinoza, N. Suc, V. Schmidt, B. Noyes, R. Howard, A. W. Fulton, B. J. Isaacson, H. Marcy, G. W. Butler, R. P. Arriagada, P. Crane, J. D. Shectman, S. Thompson, I. Tan, T. G. Lazar, J. Papp, I. Sari, P. TI HATS-15b and HATS-16b: Two Massive Planets Transiting Old G Dwarf Stars SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: detection; stars: fundamental parameters ID PRECISION RADIAL-VELOCITIES; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; SUPER-NEPTUNE; HOT JUPITERS; K-DWARF; TIDAL EVOLUTION; STELLAR SPECTRA; HATSOUTH SURVEY; SCALED-SOLAR AB We report the discovery of HATS-15 b and HATS-16 b, two massive transiting extrasolar planets orbiting evolved (similar to 10 Gyr) main-sequence stars. The planet HATS-15 b, which is hosted by a G9 V star (V = 14.8 mag), is a hot Jupiter with mass of 2.17 +/- 0.15 M-J and radius of 1.105 +/- 0.040 R-J, and it completes its orbit in about 1.7 days. HATS-16 b is a very massive hot Jupiter with mass of 3.27 +/- 0.19 M-J and radius of 1.30 +/- 0.15 R-J; it orbits around its G3 V parent star (V = 13.8 mag) in similar to 2.7 days. HATS-16 is slightly active and shows a periodic photometric modulation, implying a rotational period of 12 days, which is unexpectedly short given its isochronal age. This fast rotation might be the result of the tidal interaction between the star and its planet. C1 [Ciceri, S.; Mancini, L.; Henning, T.; Rabus, M.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bakos, G.; Penev, K.; Hartman, J. D.; Csubry, Z.; de Val-Borro, M.; Bhatti, W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Brahm, R.; Jordan, A.; Rabus, M.; Espinoza, N.; Suc, V.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Brahm, R.; Jordan, A.; Espinoza, N.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Zhou, G.; Schmidt, B.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Bayliss, D.] Univ Geneva, Astron Observ, 51 Ch Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Noyes, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Howard, A. W.; Fulton, B. J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Isaacson, H.; Marcy, G. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Butler, R. P.; Arriagada, P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Crane, J. D.; Shectman, S.; Thompson, I.] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Tan, T. G.] Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope, Perth, WA, Australia. [Lazar, J.; Papp, I.; Sari, P.] Hungarian Astron Assoc, Budapest, Hungary. RP Ciceri, S (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RI Butler, Robert/B-1125-2009; OI Jordan, Andres/0000-0002-5389-3944; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Tan, Thiam-Guan/0000-0001-5603-6895 FU NSF MRI [NSF/AST-0723074]; NASA [NNX09AB29G, NNX12AH91H]; FONDECYT [1130857, 3120097]; BASAL CATA [PFB-06]; "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millenium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy [IC120009]; CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional; "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy [IC120009]; ARC [FL0992131]; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund; [NSF/AST-1108686] FX Development of the HATSouth project was funded by NSF MRI grant NSF/AST-0723074, operations have been supported by NASA grants NNX09AB29G and NNX12AH91H, and follow-up observations receive partial support from grant NSF/AST-1108686. A.J. acknowledges support from FONDECYT project 1130857, BASAL CATA PFB-06, and project IC120009 "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millenium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy. R.B. and N.E. are supported by CONICYT-PCHA/Doctorado Nacional. R.B. and N.E. acknowledge additional support from project IC120009 "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)" of the Millennium Science Initiative, Chilean Ministry of Economy. V.S. acknowledges support from BASAL CATA PFB-06. M.R. acknowledges support from FONDECYT postdoctoral fellowship 3120097. This work is based on observations made with Telescopes at the ESO La Silla Observatory. This paper also uses observations obtained with facilities of the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope. Work at the Australian National University is supported by ARC Laureate Fellowship Grant FL0992131. We acknowledge the use of the AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey (APASS), funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund, and the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. The imaging system GROND has been built by the high-energy group of MPE in collaboration with the LSW Tautenburg and ESO. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 128 IS 965 AR 074401 DI 10.1088/1538-3873/128/965/074401 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EB1LD UT WOS:000387112300004 ER PT J AU Segura-Garcia, I Briones-Fourzan, P de Lestang, S Lozano-Alvarez, E AF Segura-Garcia, Iris Briones-Fourzan, Patricia de Lestang, Simon Lozano-Alvarez, Enrique TI Dietary partitioning between sympatric species of spiny lobster in a coral reef system SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE; WESTERN ROCK LOBSTER; PANULIRUS-GUTTATUS; TROPHIC POSITION; FEEDING ECOLOGY; STOMACH CONTENT; MARINE RESERVE; LIFE-HISTORY; SEA-URCHINS AB Throughout the Wider Caribbean Region, the spotted spiny lobster, Panulirus guttatus (Latreille, 1804), dwells and forages exclusively in coral reef habitat after post-larval settlement, whereas its sympatric species, the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804), undergoes ontogenetic habitat shifts, with smaller individuals dwelling in reef lagoon habitats and larger individuals dwelling in reef habitats, but exhibiting broad foraging ranges. Stomach content, and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes analyses were used to examine dietary partitioning between co-occurring P. guttatus and reef-dwelling P. argus in a coral reef system off Mexico. Both species fed on a wide variety of invertebrates, but mollusks contributed more to the diet of P. guttatus and crustaceans to the diet of P. argus. The two species had different ranges of isotopic composition and each filled a unique trophic position within the local food web. A Bayesian mixing model revealed a distinct contribution of different food sources to the diet of these lobsters. Reef herbivores were the primary food source for P. argus and an important food source for P. guttatus, but the latter also consumed more carnivores, resulting in a higher trophic position relative to P. argus. The isotopic niche space, delineated by means of bivariate ellipses, exhibited no overlap between species, and P. argus exhibited a significantly larger niche area than P. guttatus. These results suggest that, in addition to a differential use of habitat resources, a differential use of food resources facilitates the local coexistence of these two congeners. C1 [Segura-Garcia, Iris; Briones-Fourzan, Patricia; Lozano-Alvarez, Enrique] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Unidad Acad Sistemas Arrecifales, Puerto Morelos 77580, Quintana Roo, Mexico. [Segura-Garcia, Iris] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [de Lestang, Simon] Western Australian Fisheries & Marine Res Labs, POB 20, North Beach, WA 6025, Australia. RP Segura-Garcia, I (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Unidad Acad Sistemas Arrecifales, Puerto Morelos 77580, Quintana Roo, Mexico.; Segura-Garcia, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM irissegurag@gmail.com FU Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico) [101200]; CONACYT FX We thank F Negrete-Soto and C Barradas-Ortiz for invaluable technical assistance in field and laboratory work, and JP Huchin-Mian and R Candia-Zulbaran for additional sampling assistance. B van Tussenbroek made sample-preparation facilities available. Isotope analyses were performed at the Stable Isotope Facility of the University of California at Davis. The present study was funded by Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT, Mexico, Project 101200). A postdoctoral fellowship for ISG was provided by CONACYT. Annual permits to collect lobsters were issued by Comision Nacional de Acuacultura y Pesca (CONAPESCA, Mexico). NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA SN 0007-4977 EI 1553-6955 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 92 IS 3 BP 355 EP 369 DI 10.5343/bms.2015.1073 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DZ4CB UT WOS:000385804300007 ER PT J AU de Moura, TM Wilmot-Dear, M Vatanparast, M Fortuna-Perez, AP Tozzi, AMGA Lewis, GP AF de Moura, Tania Maria Wilmot-Dear, Melanie Vatanparast, Mohammad Fortuna-Perez, Ana Paula Tozzi, Ana M. G. A. Lewis, Gwilym P. TI A New Infrageneric Classification of Mucuna (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae): Supported by Morphology, Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeography SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Character evolution; cladistics; Fabaceae; new taxon; taxonomy ID L-DOPA AB The previous infrageneric classification of Mucuna (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) recognized two subgenera, M. subg. Mucuna and M. subg. Stizolobium, but that classification is not supported fully by molecular phylogenetic analyses, which reveal three main clades in Mucuna (rather than the traditional two). A new taxon M. subg. Macrocarpa is proposed based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic analysis, supported by fruit characters and biogeography. Historically, the representatives of this new subgenus were considered as members of M. subg. Mucuna, but species of subgenus Macrocarpa differ from species of the other two subgenera by their longer ovaries containing a higher number of ovules and, consequently, longer pods containing more seeds, and by the different fruit length to width ratio. This study presents a new infrageneric classification of the genus Mucuna. The six species of M. subg. Macrocarpa are reviewed, and species descriptions, typifications (including five new lectotypes), a distribution map, and a species identification key are presented. C1 [de Moura, Tania Maria; Lewis, Gwilym P.] Royal Bot Gardens, Comparat Plant & Fungal Biol Dept, Richmond TW9 3AE, Surrey, England. [de Moura, Tania Maria] Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Wilmot-Dear, Melanie] Royal Bot Gardens, Identificat & Naming Dept, Richmond TW9 3AE, Surrey, England. [Vatanparast, Mohammad] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Fortuna-Perez, Ana Paula] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biol, Dept Bot, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Tozzi, Ana M. G. A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Biol Vegetal, Rua Monteiro Lobato 255,Cidade Univ Zeferino Vaz, BR-13083862 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP de Moura, TM (reprint author), Royal Bot Gardens, Comparat Plant & Fungal Biol Dept, Richmond TW9 3AE, Surrey, England.; de Moura, TM (reprint author), Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. EM tmariamoura@gmail.com FU CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brazil [245590/2012-9]; Science Without Borders Program for the post-doctoral scholarship [245590/2012-9]; FAPESP - Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil [2012/04635-8]; Fundacao Flora - de apoio a botanica, Brazil FX The authors thank the CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brazil - and the Science Without Borders Program for the post-doctoral scholarship to T.M. Moura (process 245590/2012-9), FAPESP - Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil - (process 2012/04635-8) for a research grant to A.M.G.A. Tozzi, and Fundacao Flora - de apoio a botanica, Brazil for a research grant awarded to the first author. We thank Roy Gereau for his valuable advice on nomenclatural and typification issues, and the curators of all herbaria cited, especially K, MO, and UEC. We also thank Matt Lavin and one anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments on our submitted typescript, and D. Morgan and James Smith for their valuable editorial input. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 EI 1548-2324 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JUL-SEP PY 2016 VL 41 IS 3 BP 606 EP 616 DI 10.1600/036364416X692532 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DZ2AE UT WOS:000385643400012 ER PT J AU Abbott, BP Abbott, R Abbott, TD Abernathy, MR Acernese, F Ackley, K Adams, C Adams, T Addesso, P Adhikari, RX Adya, VB Affeldt, C Agathos, M Agatsuma, K Aggarwal, N Aguiar, OD Aiello, L Ain, A Ajith, P Allen, B Allocca, A Altin, PA Anderson, SB Anderson, WG Arai, K Araya, MC Arceneaux, CC Areeda, JS Arnaud, N Arun, KG Ascenzi, S Ashton, G Ast, M Aston, SM Astone, P Aufmuth, P Aulbert, C Babak, S Bacon, P Bader, MKM Baker, PT Baldaccini, F Ballardin, G Ballmer, SW Barayoga, JC Barclay, SE Barish, BC Barker, D Barone, F Barr, B Barsotti, L Barsuglia, M Barta, D Barthelmy, S Bartlett, J Bartos, I Bassiri, R Basti, A Batch, JC Baune, C Bavigadda, V Bazzan, M Behnke, B Bejger, M Bell, AS Bell, CJ Berger, BK Bergman, J Bergmann, G Berry, CPL Bersanetti, D Bertolini, A Betzwieser, J Bhagwat, S Bhandare, R Bilenko, IA Billingsley, G Birch, J Birney, R Biscans, S Bisht, A Bitossi, M Biwer, C Bizouard, MA Blackburn, JK Blair, CD Blair, DG Blair, RM Bloemen, S Bock, O Bodiya, TP Boer, M Bogaert, G Bogan, C Bohe, A Bojtos, P Bond, C Bondu, F Bonnand, R Boom, BA Bork, R Boschi, V Bose, S Bouffanais, Y Bozzi, A Bradaschia, C Brady, PR Braginsky, VB Branchesi, M Brau, JE Briant, T Brillet, A Brinkmann, M Brisson, V Brockill, P Brooks, AF Brown, DA Brown, DD Brown, NM Buchanan, CC Buikema, A Bulik, T Bulten, HJ Buonanno, A Buskulic, D Buy, C Byer, RL Cadonati, L Cagnoli, G Cahillane, C Bustillo, JC Callister, T Calloni, E Camp, JB Cannon, KC Cao, J Capano, CD Capocasa, E Carbognani, F Caride, S Diaz, JC Casentini, C Caudill, S Cavaglia, M Cavalier, F Cavalieri, R Cella, G Cepeda, CB Baiardi, LC Cerretani, G Cesarini, E Chakraborty, R Chalermsongsak, T Chamberlin, SJ Chan, M Chao, S Charlton, P Chassande-Mottin, E Chen, HY Chen, Y Cheng, C Chincarini, A Chiummo, A Cho, HS Cho, M Chow, JH Christensen, N Chu, Q Chua, S Chung, S Ciani, G Clara, F Clark, JA Cleva, F Coccia, E Cohadon, PF Colla, A Collette, CG Cominsky, L Constancio, M Conte, A Conti, L Cook, D Corbitt, TR Cornish, N Corsi, A Cortese, S Costa, CA Coughlin, MW Coughlin, SB Coulon, JP Countryman, ST Couvares, P Cowan, EE Coward, DM Cowart, MJ Coyne, DC Coyne, R Craig, K Creighton, JDE Cripe, J Crowder, SG Cumming, A Cunningham, L Cuoco, E Dal Canton, T Danilishin, SL D'Antonio, S Danzmann, K Darman, NS Dattilo, V Dave, I Daveloza, HP Davier, M Davies, GS Daw, EJ Day, R DeBra, D Debreczeni, G Degallaix, J De Laurentis, M Deleglise, S Del Pozzo, W Denker, T Dent, T Dereli, H Dergachev, V DeRosa, RT De Rosa, R DeSalvo, R Dhurandhar, S Diaz, MC Di Fiore, L Di Giovanni, M Di Lieto, A Di Pace, S Di Palma, I Di Virgilio, A Dojcinoski, G Dolique, V Donovan, F Dooley, KL Doravari, S Douglas, R Downes, TP Drago, M Drever, RWP Driggers, JC Du, Z Ducrot, M Dwyer, SE Edo, TB Edwards, MC Effler, A Eggenstein, HB Ehrens, P Eichholz, J Eikenberry, SS Engels, W Essick, RC Etzel, T Evans, M Evans, TM Everett, R Factourovich, M Fafone, V Fair, H Fairhurst, S Fan, X Fang, Q Farinon, S Farr, B Farr, WM Favata, M Fays, M Fehrmann, H Fejer, MM Ferrante, I Ferreira, EC Ferrini, F Fidecaro, F Fiori, I Fiorucci, D Fisher, RP Flaminio, R Fletcher, M Fournier, JD Franco, S Frasca, S Frasconi, F Frei, Z Freise, A Frey, R Frey, V Fricke, TT Fritschel, P Frolov, VV Fulda, P Fyffe, M Gabbard, HAG Gair, JR Gammaitoni, L Gaonkar, SG Garufi, F Gatto, A Gaur, G Gehrels, N Gemme, G Gendre, B Genin, E Gennai, A George, J Gergely, L Germain, V Ghosh, A Ghosh, S Giaime, JA Giardina, KD Giazotto, A Gill, K Glaefke, A Goetz, E Goetz, R Gondan, L Gonzalez, G Castro, JMG Gopakumar, A Gordon, NA Gorodetsky, ML Gossan, SE Gosselin, M Gouaty, R Graef, C Graff, PB Granata, M Grant, A Gras, S Gray, C Greco, G Green, AC Groot, P Grote, H Grunewald, S Guidi, GM Guo, X Gupta, A Gupta, MK Gushwa, KE Gustafson, EK Gustafson, R Hacker, JJ Hall, BR Hall, ED Hammond, G Haney, M Hanke, MM Hanks, J Hanna, C Hannam, MD Hanson, J Hardwick, T Haris, K Harms, J Harry, GM Harry, IW Hart, MJ Hartman, MT Haster, CJ Haughian, K Heidmann, A Heintze, MC Heitmann, H Hello, P Hemming, G Hendry, M Heng, IS Hennig, J Heptonstall, AW Heurs, M Hild, S Hoak, D Hodge, KA Hofman, D Hollitt, SE Holt, K Holz, DE Hopkins, P Hosken, DJ Hough, J Houston, EA Howell, EJ Hu, YM Huang, S Huerta, EA Huet, D Hughey, B Husa, S Huttner, SH Huynh-Dinh, T Idrisy, A Indik, N Ingram, DR Inta, R Isa, HN Isac, JM Isi, M Islas, G Isogai, T Iyer, BR Izumi, K Jacqmin, T Jang, H Jani, K Jaranowski, P Jawahar, S Jimenez-Forteza, F Johnson, WW Jones, DI Jones, R Jonker, RJG Ju, L Kalaghatgi, CV Kalogera, V Kandhasamy, S Kang, G Kanner, JB Karki, S Kasprzack, M Katsavounidis, E Katzman, W Kaufer, S Kaur, T Kawabe, K Kawazoe, F Kefelian, F Kehl, MS Keitel, D Kelley, DB Kells, W Kennedy, R Key, JS Khalaidovski, A Khalili, FY Khan, I Khan, S Khan, Z Khazanov, EA Kijbunchoo, N Kim, C Kim, J Kim, K Kim, N Kim, N Kim, YM King, EJ King, PJ Kinzel, DL Kissel, JS Kleybolte, L Klimenko, S Koehlenbeck, SM Kokeyama, K Koley, S Kondrashov, V Kontos, A Korobko, M Korth, WZ Kowalska, I Kozak, DB Kringel, V Krolak, A Krueger, C Kuehn, G Kumar, P Kuo, L Kutynia, A Lackey, BD Landry, M Lange, J Lantz, B Lasky, PD Lazzarini, A Lazzaro, C Leaci, P Leavey, S Lebigot, EO Lee, CH Lee, HK Lee, HM Lee, K Lenon, A Leonardi, M Leong, JR Leroy, N Letendre, N Levin, Y Levine, BM Li, TGF Libson, A Littenberg, TB Lockerbie, NA Logue, J Lombardi, AL Lord, JE Lorenzini, M Loriette, V Lormand, M Losurdo, G Lough, JD Luck, H Lundgren, P Luo, J Lynch, R Ma, Y MacDonald, T Machenschalk, B MacInnis, M Macleod, DM Magana-Sandoval, F Magee, RM Mageswaran, M Majorana, E Maksimovic, I Malvezzi, V Man, N Mandel, I Mandic, V Mangano, V Mansell, GL Manske, M Mantovani, M Marchesoni, F Marion, F Marka, S Marka, Z Markosyan, AS Maros, E Martelli, F Martellini, L Martin, IW Martin, RM Martynov, DV Marx, JN Mason, K Masserot, A Massinger, TJ Masso-Reid, M Matichard, F Matone, L Mavalvala, N Mazumder, N Mazzolo, G McCarthy, R McClelland, DE McCormick, S McGuire, SC McIntyre, G McIver, J McManus, DJ McWilliams, ST Meacher, D Meadors, GD Meidam, J Melatos, A Mendell, G Mendoza-Gandara, D Mercer, RA Merilh, E Merzougui, M Meshkov, S Messenger, C Messick, C Meyers, PM Mezzani, F Miao, H Michel, C Middleton, H Mikhailov, EE Milano, L Miller, J Millhouse, M Minenkov, Y Ming, J Mirshekari, S Mishra, C Mitra, S Mitrofanov, VP Mitselmakher, G Mittleman, R Moggi, A Mohan, M Mohapatra, SRP Montani, M Moore, BC Moore, CJ Moraru, D Moreno, G Morriss, SR Mossavi, K Mours, B Mow-Lowry, CM Mueller, CL Mueller, G Muir, AW Mukherjee, A Mukherjee, D Mukherjee, S Mukund, N Mullavey, A Munch, J Murphy, DJ Murray, PG Mytidis, A Nardecchia, I Naticchioni, L Nayak, RK Necula, V Nedkova, K Nelemans, G Neri, M Neunzert, A Newton, G Nguyen, TT Nielsen, AB Nissanke, S Nitz, A Nocera, F Nolting, D Normandin, MEN Nuttall, LK Oberling, J Ochsner, E O'Dell, J Oelker, E Ogin, GH Oh, JJ Oh, SH Ohme, F Oliver, M Oppermann, P Oram, RJ O'Reilly, B O'Shaughnessy, R Ottaway, DJ Ottens, RS Overmier, H Owen, BJ Pai, A Pai, SA Palamos, JR Palashov, O Palliyaguru, N Palomba, C Pal-Singh, A Pan, H Pankow, C Pannarale, F Pant, BC Paoletti, F Paoli, A Papa, MA Paris, HR Parker, W Pascucci, D Pasqualetti, A Passaquieti, R Passuello, D Patricelli, B Patrick, Z Pearlstone, BL Pedraza, M Pedurand, R Pekowsky, L Pele, A Penn, S Perreca, A Phelps, M Piccinni, O Pichot, M Piergiovanni, F Pierro, V Pillant, G Pinard, L Pinto, IM Pitkin, M Poggiani, R Popolizio, P Post, A Powell, J Prasad, J Predoi, V Premachandra, SS Prestegard, T Price, LR Prijatelj, M Principe, M Privitera, S Prodi, GA Prokhorov, L Puncken, O Punturo, M Puppo, P Purrer, M Qi, H Qin, J Quetschke, V Quintero, EA Quitzow-James, R Raab, FJ Rabeling, DS Radkins, H Raffai, P Raja, S Rakhmanov, M Rapagnani, P Raymond, V Razzano, M Re, V 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CA LIGO Sci Collaboration Virgo Colla ASKAP Collaboration BOOTES Collaboration Dark Energy Survey Collaboration Dark Energy Camera GW-EM Collabor Fermi GBM Collaboration FERMI LAT Collaboration GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm GRAWI INTEGRAL Collaboration IPTF Collaboration InterPlanetary Network J-GEM Collaboration LA Silla-QUEST Survey Liverpool Telescope Collaboration Low Frequency Array LOFAR Collabo MASTER Collaboration MAXI Collaboration MWA Collaboration Pan-STARRS Collaboration PESSTO Collaboration Pi Sky Collaboration SkyMapper Collaboration Swift Collaboration Tarot Zadko Algerian Natl Observ C TOROS Collaboration VISTA Collaboration TI SUPPLEMENT: "LOCALIZATION AND BROADBAND FOLLOW-UP OF THE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT GW150914" (2016, ApJL, 826, L13) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE gravitational waves; methods: observational ID ADVANCED LIGO; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS; DARK ENERGY; TELESCOPE; MISSION; VIRGO; EVENTS; SEARCH; CAMERA AB This Supplement provides supporting material for Abbott et al. (2016a). We briefly summarize past electromagnetic (EM) follow-up efforts as well as the organization and policy of the current EM follow-up program. We compare the four probability sky maps produced for the gravitational-wave transient GW150914, and provide additional details of the EM follow-up observations that were performed in the different bands. C1 [Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M. R.; Adhikari, R. X.; Anderson, S. B.; Arai, K.; Araya, M. C.; Barayoga, J. C.; Barish, B. C.; Berger, B. K.; Billingsley, G.; Blackburn, J. K.; Bork, R.; Brooks, A. F.; Cahillane, C.; Callister, T.; Cepeda, C. B.; Chakraborty, R.; Chalermsongsak, T.; Couvares, P.; Coyne, D. C.; Dergachev, V.; Drever, R. W. P.; Ehrens, P.; Etzel, T.; Gossan, S. E.; Gushwa, K. E.; Gustafson, E. K.; Hall, E. D.; Heptonstall, A. W.; Hodge, K. A.; Isi, M.; Kanner, J. B.; Kells, W.; Kondrashov, V.; Korth, W. Z.; Kozak, D. B.; Lazzarini, A.; Li, T. G. F.; Mageswaran, M.; Maros, E.; Martynov, D. V.; Marx, J. N.; McIntyre, G.; McIver, J.; Meshkov, S.; Pedraza, M.; Perreca, A.; Price, L. R.; Quintero, E. A.; Reitze, D. H.; Robertson, N. A.; Rollins, J. G.; Sachdev, S.; Sanchez, E. J.; Schmidt, P.; Shao, Z.; Singer, A.; Smith, N. D.; Smith, R. J. E.; Taylor, R.; Thirugnanasambandam, P.; Torrie, C. I.; Vajente, G.; Vass, S.; Wallace, L.; Weinstein, A. J.; Williams, R. D.; Wipf, C. C.; Yamamoto, H.; Zhang, L.; Zucker, M. E.; Zweizig, J.] CALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Abbott, T. D.; Buchanan, C. C.; Corbitt, T. R.; Cripe, J.; Giaime, J. A.; Gonzalez, G.; Hardwick, T.; Johnson, W. W.; Kasprzack, M.; Kokeyama, K.; Macleod, D. M.; Singh, R.; Walker, M.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Acernese, F.; Addesso, P.; Barone, F.; Romano, R.] Univ Salerno, I-84084 Salerno, Italy. [Acernese, F.; Barone, F.; Calloni, E.; De Laurentis, M.; De Rosa, R.; Di Fiore, L.; Garufi, F.; Milano, L.; Romano, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Ackley, K.; Ciani, G.; Eichholz, J.; Eikenberry, S. S.; Fulda, P.; Goetz, R.; Hartman, M. T.; Heintze, M. C.; Klimenko, S.; Martin, R. M.; Mitselmakher, G.; Mueller, C. L.; Mueller, G.; Mytidis, A.; Necula, V.; Ottens, R. S.; Reitze, D. H.; Tanner, D. B.; Voss, D.; Whiting, B. F.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Adams, C.; Aston, S. M.; Betzwieser, J.; Birch, J.; Cowart, M. J.; DeRosa, R. T.; Doravari, S.; Effler, A.; Evans, T. M.; Frolov, V. V.; Fyffe, M.; Giaime, J. A.; Giardina, K. D.; Hanson, J.; Heintze, M. C.; Holt, K.; Huynh-Dinh, T.; Katzman, W.; Kinzel, D. L.; Lormand, M.; McCormick, S.; Mullavey, A.; Nolting, D.; Oram, R. J.; O'Reilly, B.; Overmier, H.; Parker, W.; Pele, A.; Romie, J. H.; Sellers, D.; Stuver, A. L.; Thomas, M.; Thorne, K. A.; Traylor, G.; Welborn, T.; Wu, G.] LIGO Livingston Observ, Livingston, LA 70754 USA. [Adams, T.; Bonnand, R.; Buskulic, D.; Ducrot, M.; Germain, V.; Gouaty, R.; Letendre, N.; Marion, F.; Masserot, A.; Mours, B.; Rolland, L.; Verkindt, D.; Was, M.; Yvert, M.] Univ Savoie Mt Blanc, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Annecy le Vieux Phys Particules LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Allen, B.; Aufmuth, P.; Aulbert, C.; Baune, C.; Bergmann, G.; Bisht, A.; Bock, O.; Bogan, C.; Brinkmann, M.; Capano, C. D.; Dal Canton, T.; Danzmann, K.; Denker, T.; Dent, T.; Di Palma, I.; Doravari, S.; Drago, M.; Eggenstein, H. -B.; Fehrmann, H.; Fricke, T. T.; Grote, H.; Hanke, M. M.; Heurs, M.; Indik, N.; Kawazoe, F.; Keitel, D.; Khalaidovski, A.; Koehlenbeck, S. M.; Kringel, V.; Kuehn, G.; Leong, J. R.; Lough, J. D.; Lueck, H.; Lundgren, P.; Machenschalk, B.; Mazzolo, G.; Meadors, G. D.; Mendoza-Gandara, D.; Ming, J.; Mossavi, K.; Nielsen, A. B.; Nitz, A.; Oppermann, P.; Papa, M. A.; Post, A.; Puncken, O.; Ruediger, A.; Salemi, F.; Schilling, R.; Schmidt, J.; Schreiber, E.; Schuette, D.; Shaltev, M.; Simakov, D.; Singh, A.; Steinke, M.; Steinmeyer, D.; Tarabrin, S. P.; Theeg, T.; Walsh, S.; Weinert, M.; Wessels, P.; Westphal, T.; Wette, K.; Whelan, J. T.; Willke, B.; Wimmer, M. H.; Winkler, W.; Wittel, H.] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Bader, M. K. M.; Bertolini, A.; Boom, B. A.; Bulten, H. J.; Ghosh, S.; Jonker, R. J. G.; Koley, S.; Meidam, J.; Nelemans, G.; Nissanke, S.; Setyawati, Y.; Shah, S.; van Bakel, N.; van Beuzekom, M.; van den Brand, J. F. J.; Van den Broeck, C.; van der Schaaf, L.; van Heijningen, J. V.] Nikhef, Sci Pk, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Aggarwal, N.; Barsotti, L.; Biscans, S.; Bodiya, T. P.; Brown, N. M.; Buikema, A.; Donovan, F.; Essick, R. 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[Ain, A.; Bose, S.; Dhurandhar, S.; Gaonkar, S. G.; Gupta, A.; Mitra, S.; Mukund, N.; Prasad, J.; Souradeep, T.; Bhalerao, V.; Rana, J.] Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Ajith, P.; Ghosh, A.; Iyer, B. R.; Mishra, C.; Mukherjee, A.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Int Ctr Theoret Sci, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Allen, B.; Anderson, W. G.; Brady, P. R.; Brockill, P.; Caudill, S.; Creighton, J. D. E.; Downes, T. P.; Manske, M.; Mercer, R. A.; Mukherjee, D.; Ochsner, E.; Papa, M. A.; Qi, H.; Sadeghian, L.; Sheperd, A.; Siemens, X.; Stephens, B. C.; Urban, A. L.; Walsh, S.; Van Sistine, A.; Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Allen, B.; Bisht, A.; Danzmann, K.; Denker, T.; Heurs, M.; Kaufer, S.; Kawazoe, F.; Krueger, C.; Lough, J. D.; Lueck, H.; Sawadsky, A.; Schuette, D.; Steinmeyer, D.; Vahlbruch, H.; Willke, B.; Wimmer, M. H.; Wittel, H.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Allocca, A.; Basti, A.; Boschi, V.; Cerretani, G.; Di Lieto, A.; Ferrante, I.; Fidecaro, F.; Castro, J. M. G.; Passaquieti, R.; Patricelli, B.; Poggiani, R.; Razzano, M.; Tonelli, M.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Allocca, A.; Basti, A.; Boschi, V.; Bradaschia, C.; Cella, G.; Cerretani, G.; Di Lieto, A.; Di Virgilio, A.; Ferrante, I.; Fidecaro, F.; Frasconi, F.; Gennai, A.; Giazotto, A.; Castro, J. M. G.; Moggi, A.; Paoletti, F.; Passaquieti, R.; Passuello, D.; Patricelli, B.; Poggiani, R.; Razzano, M.; Tonelli, M.; Trozzo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Altin, P. A.; Chow, J. H.; Mansell, G. L.; McClelland, D. E.; McManus, D. J.; Nguyen, T. T.; Rabeling, D. S.; Scott, S. M.; Shaddock, D. A.; Slagmolen, B. J. J.; Wade, A. R.; Ward, R. L.; Yap, M. J.; Onken, C. A.; Scalzo, R. A.; Schmidt, B. P.; Wolf, C.; Yuan, F.] Australian Natl Univ, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Arceneaux, C. C.; Cavaglia, M.; Dooley, K. L.; Gabbard, H. A. G.; Kandhasamy, S.; Trifiro, D.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Areeda, J. S.; Hacker, J. J.; Islas, G.; Read, J.; Serna, G.; Smith, J. R.; Vander-Hyde, D. C.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA. [Arnaud, N.; Bizouard, M. A.; Brisson, V.; Diaz, J. C.; Cavalier, F.; Davier, M.; Franco, S.; Frey, V.; Hello, P.; Huet, D.; Kasprzack, M.; Leroy, N.; Robinet, F.] Univ Paris 11, Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, LAL,IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Arun, K. G.; Kalaghatgi, C. V.] Chennai Math Inst, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. [Ascenzi, S.; Casentini, C.; Cesarini, E.; Coccia, E.; Fafone, V.; Malvezzi, V.; Nardecchia, I.; Re, V.; Sequino, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ashton, G.; Jones, D. I.; D'Andrea, C. B.; Smith, M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Ast, M.; Kleybolte, L.; Korobko, M.; Pal-Singh, A.; Schnabel, R.; Schoenbeck, A.] Univ Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Astone, P.; Colla, A.; Conte, A.; Di Giovanni, M.; Di Pace, S.; Frasca, S.; Leaci, P.; Majorana, E.; Mezzani, F.; Naticchioni, L.; Palomba, C.; Piccinni, O.; Puppo, P.; Rapagnani, P.; Ricci, F.] INFN, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Babak, S.; Behnke, B.; Bohe, A.; Buonanno, A.; Di Palma, I.; Grunewald, S.; Harry, I. W.; Leaci, P.; Meadors, G. D.; Ming, J.; Papa, M. A.; Privitera, S.; Puerrer, M.; Raymond, V.; Schutz, B. F.; Singh, A.; Taracchini, A.; Walsh, S.] Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Bacon, P.; Barsuglia, M.; Bouffanais, Y.; Buy, C.; Capocasa, E.; Chassande-Mottin, E.; Fiorucci, D.; Gatto, A.; Lebigot, E. O.; Tacca, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Observ Paris, APC,CNRS,IN2P3,CEA,Irfu, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Baker, P. T.; Cornish, N.; Millhouse, M.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Baldaccini, F.; Gammaitoni, L.; Travasso, F.; Vocca, H.] Univ Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Baldaccini, F.; Gammaitoni, L.; Marchesoni, F.; Punturo, M.; Travasso, F.; Vocca, H.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Ballardin, G.; Bavigadda, V.; Bitossi, M.; Bozzi, A.; Carbognani, F.; Cavalieri, R.; Chiummo, A.; Cortese, S.; Cuoco, E.; Dattilo, V.; Day, R.; Ferrini, F.; Fiori, I.; Genin, E.; Gosselin, M.; Hemming, G.; Kasprzack, M.; Mantovani, M.; Mohan, M.; Nocera, F.; Paoletti, F.; Paoli, A.; Pasqualetti, A.; Pillant, G.; Popolizio, P.; Prijatelj, M.; Ruggi, P.; Salconi, L.; Sentenac, D.; Swinkels, B. L.] EGO, I-56021 Pisa, Italy. [Ballmer, S. W.; Bhagwat, S.; Biwer, C.; Brown, D. A.; Fair, H.; Fisher, R. P.; Kelley, D. B.; Lackey, B. D.; Lenon, A.; Lord, J. E.; Magana-Sandoval, F.; Massinger, T. J.; Nuttall, L. K.; Pekowsky, L.; Reyes, S. D.; Sanders, J. R.; Saulson, P. R.; Usman, S. A.; Vander-Hyde, D. C.; Vo, T.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Barclay, S. E.; Barr, B.; Bell, A. S.; Bell, C. J.; Chan, M.; Craig, K.; Cumming, A.; Cunningham, L.; Danilishin, S. L.; Davies, G. S.; Douglas, R.; Fletcher, M.; Glaefke, A.; Gordon, N. A.; Graef, C.; Grant, A.; Hammond, G.; Hart, M. J.; Haughian, K.; Hendry, M.; Heng, I. S.; Hennig, J.; Hild, S.; Hough, J.; Houston, E. A.; Hu, Y. M.; Huttner, S. H.; Isa, H. N.; Jones, R.; Leavey, S.; Lee, K.; Logue, J.; Mangano, V.; Martin, I. W.; Masso-Reid, M.; Messenger, C.; Murray, P. G.; Newton, G.; Pascucci, D.; Pearlstone, B. L.; Phelps, M.; Pitkin, M.; Powell, J.; Robertson, N. A.; Robie, R.; Rowan, S.; Scott, J.; Sorazu, B.; Steinlechner, J.; Steinlechner, S.; Strain, K. A.; van Veggel, A. A.; Woan, G.; Wright, J. L.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Barker, D.; Bartlett, J.; Batch, J. C.; Bergman, J.; Blair, R. M.; Clara, F.; Cook, D.; Driggers, J. C.; Dwyer, S. E.; Gray, C.; Hanks, J.; Ingram, D. R.; Izumi, K.; Kawabe, K.; Kijbunchoo, N.; King, P. J.; Kissel, J. S.; Landry, M.; Levine, B. M.; McCarthy, R.; Mendell, G.; Merilh, E.; Moraru, D.; Moreno, G.; Oberling, J.; Raab, F. J.; Radkins, H.; Reed, C. M.; Ryan, K.; Sadecki, T.; Sandberg, V.; Savage, R. L.; Sevigny, A.; Sigg, D.; Thomas, P.; Vorvick, C.; Warner, J.; Weaver, B.; Worden, J.] LIGO Hanford Observ, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Barta, D.; Debreczeni, G.; Vasuth, M.] Wigner RCP, RMKI, Konkoly Thege Miklos Ut 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. [Barthelmy, S.; Camp, J. B.; Gehrels, N.; Singer, L. P.; Cline, T.; Cenko, S. B.; Marshall, F. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bartos, I.; Countryman, S. T.; Factourovich, M.; Marka, S.; Marka, Z.; Matone, L.; Murphy, D. J.; Staley, A.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Bassiri, R.; Byer, R. L.; DeBra, D.; Fejer, M. M.; Kim, N.; Lantz, B.; MacDonald, T.; Markosyan, A. S.; Paris, H. R.; Patrick, Z.; Shapiro, B.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bazzan, M.; Vardaro, M.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bazzan, M.; Conti, L.; Lazzaro, C.; Vardaro, M.; Vedovato, G.; Zangrando, L.; Zendri, J. -P.] INFN, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bejger, M.; Rosinska, D.] CAMK PAN, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Berry, C. P. L.; Bond, C.; Brown, D. D.; Del Pozzo, W.; Farr, W. M.; Freise, A.; Green, A. C.; Haster, C. -J.; Mandel, I.; Miao, H.; Middleton, H.; Mow-Lowry, C. M.; Thomas, E. G.; Tyr, D.; Vecchio, A.; Veitch, J.; Vinciguerra, S.; Vousden, W. D.; Wang, H.; Wang, M.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Bersanetti, D.; Neri, M.] Univ Genoa, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Bersanetti, D.; Chincarini, A.; Farinon, S.; Gemme, G.; Neri, M.; Rei, L.; Sorrentino, F.] INFN, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Bhandare, R.; Dave, I.; George, J.; Pai, S. A.; Pant, B. C.; Raja, S.] RRCAT, Indore 452013, MP, India. [Bilenko, I. A.; Braginsky, V. B.; Gorodetsky, M. L.; Khalili, F. Y.; Mitrofanov, V. P.; Prokhorov, L.; Strigin, S.; Vyatchanin, S. P.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Birney, R.; Reid, S.; Vine, D. J.] Univ West Scotland, SUPA, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland. [Blair, C. D.; Blair, D. G.; Chu, Q.; Chung, S.; Coward, D. M.; Fang, Q.; Howell, E. J.; Ju, L.; Kaur, T.; Ma, Y.; Qin, J.; Wang, Y.; Wen, L.; Zhao, C.; Zhu, X. J.] Univ Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Bloemen, S.; Ghosh, S.; Groot, P.; Nelemans, G.; Nissanke, S.; Setyawati, Y.; Shah, S.; Jonker, P. G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Boer, M.; Bogaert, G.; Brillet, A.; Cleva, F.; Coulon, J. -P.; Dereli, H.; Fournier, J. -D.; Gendre, B.; Heitmann, H.; Kefelian, F.; Man, N.; Martellini, L.; Merzougui, M.; Pichot, M.; Regimbau, T.; Siellez, K.; Turconi, M.; Vinet, J. -Y.; Wei, L. -W.; Laugier, R.] Univ Cote dAzur, CNRS, Observ Cote dAzur, Artemis, CS 34229, Nice 4, France. [Bojtos, P.; Frei, Z.; Gondan, L.; Raffai, P.] MTA Eotvos Univ, Lendulet Astrophys Res Grp, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. [Bondu, F.] Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, Inst Phys Rennes, F-35042 Rennes, France. [Bose, S.; Hall, B. R.; Magee, R. M.; Mazumder, N.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Branchesi, M.; Baiardi, L. C.; Greco, G.; Guidi, G. M.; Harms, J.; Martelli, F.; Montani, M.; Piergiovanni, F.; Stratta, G.; Vetrano, F.; Vicere, A.] Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, I-61029 Urbino, Italy. [Branchesi, M.; Baiardi, L. C.; Greco, G.; Guidi, G. M.; Harms, J.; Losurdo, G.; Martelli, F.; Montani, M.; Piergiovanni, F.; Stratta, G.; Vetrano, F.; Vicere, A.] INFN, Sez Firenze, I-50019 Florence, Italy. [Brau, J. E.; Frey, R.; Karki, S.; Palamos, J. R.; Quitzow-James, R.; Roma, V. J.; Schale, P.; Schofield, R. M. S.; Talukder, D.] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Briant, T.; Chua, S.; Cohadon, P. -F.; Deleglise, S.; Heidmann, A.; Isac, J. -M.; Jacqmin, T.] UPMC, Sorbonne Univ, PSL Res Univ, CNRS,ENS,Coll France,Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75005 Paris, France. [Bulik, T.; Kowalska, I.] Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Bulten, H. J.; van den Brand, J. F. J.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Buonanno, A.; Cho, M.; Graff, P. B.; Shawhan, P.; Yancey, C. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cadonati, L.; Bustillo, J. C.; Clark, J. A.; Cowan, E. E.; Jani, K.; Lazzaro, C.; Shoemaker, D. M.; Siellez, K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Cadonati, L.; Bustillo, J. C.; Clark, J. A.; Cowan, E. E.; Jani, K.; Lazzaro, C.; Shoemaker, D. M.; Siellez, K.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Cagnoli, G.] Univ Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5306, Inst Lumiere Mat, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Cagnoli, G.; Degallaix, J.; Dolique, V.; Flaminio, R.; Granata, M.; Hofman, D.; Michel, C.; Pedurand, R.; Pinard, L.; Sassolas, B.; Straniero, N.] Univ Lyon, IN2P3 CNRS, LMA, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Bustillo, J. C.; Husa, S.; Jimenez-Forteza, F.; Keitel, D.; Oliver, M.; Sintes, A. M.] Univ Illes Balears, IEEC IAC3, E-07122 Palma De Mallorca, Spain. [Calloni, E.; De Laurentis, M.; De Rosa, R.; Garufi, F.; Milano, L.] Univ Naples Federico II, Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Cannon, K. C.; Kehl, M. S.; Kumar, P.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Cao, J.; Du, Z.; Fan, X.; Guo, X.; Lebigot, E. O.; Wang, X.] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Caride, S.; Corsi, A.; Coyne, R.; Inta, R.; Owen, B. J.; Palliyaguru, N.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Chamberlin, S. J.; Everett, R.; Hanna, C.; Idrisy, A.; Meacher, D.; Messick, C.; Kennea, J. A.; Burrows, D. 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A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Anderson, B.; Meyer, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Anderson, B.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Meyer, M.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Atwood, W. B.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Smith, D. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz; Smith, D. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Axelsson, M.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Axelsson, M.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Minami Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. 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[Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.; Negro, M.] Univ Torino, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Buson, S.; Ferrara, E. C.; Green, D.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Kocevski, D.; McEnery, J. E.; Mirabal, N.; Perkins, J. S.; Racusin, J. L.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.; Venters, T. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bruel, P.; Horan, D.] CNRS IN2P3, Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.; Moiseev, A. A.; Krimm, H.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Buson, S.; Moiseev, A. A.; Krimm, H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.; Marelli, M.; Salvetti, D.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Chekhtman, A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fukazawa, Y.; Kensei, S.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile. [Gomez-Vargas, G. A.; Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Green, D.; Magill, J.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Green, D.; Magill, J.; McEnery, J. E.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, Serv Astrophys, CEA Saclay, Lab AIM,CEA IRFU,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Grove, J. E.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hadasch, D.; La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hadasch, D.; La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ North Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] IEEC CSIC, Inst Space Sci, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Moretti, E.; Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, POB 524, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Hong Kong, Lab Space Res, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Tibaldo, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Uchiyama, Y.] Dept Phys, Toshima Ku, 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Brocato, E.; Antonelli, L. A.; D'Elia, V.; Giuffrida, G.; Iannicola, G.; Lisi, M.; Marinoni, S.; Marrese, P.; Piranomonte, S.; Pulone, L.; Stella, L.; Testa, V.; Perri, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy. [Cappellaro, E.; Marrese, P.; Tomasella, L.; Yang, S.; Elias-Rosa, N.; Terreran, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Covino, S.; D'Avanzo, P.; Melandri, A.; Campana, S.; Tagliaferri, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via E Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Grado, A.; Getman, F.; Limatola, L.; Botticella, M. T.; Valle, M. D.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Nicastro, L.; Palazzi, E.; Pian, E.; Amati, L.; Rossi, A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Pian, E.; Stamerra, A.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Antonelli, L. A.; D'Elia, V.; Giuffrida, G.; Marinoni, S.; Giommi, P.; Perri, M.] ASI Sci Data Ctr, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Capaccioli, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, CU Monte St Angelo, Dip Fis Ettore Pancini, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Possenti, A.] INAF ORA Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy. [Stamerra, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, To, Italy. [Bazzano, A.; Ubertini, P.] INAF Inst Space Astrophys & Planetol, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Bazzano, A.; Bozzo, E.; Courvoisier, T. J. -L.; Ferrigno, C.] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, ISDC, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Brandt, S.] Natl Space Inst Elektrovej, DTU Space, Bldg 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hanlon, L.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Space Sci Grp, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Kuulkers, E.] ESAC, ESA, Sci Operat Dept, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Laurent, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, Sorbonne Paris Cite, APC,CEA Irfu,Observ Paris, 10 Rue Alice Domont & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Mereghetti, S.] INAF, IASF Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Roques, J. P.] Univ Toulouse, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Roques, J. P.] UPS OMP, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Roques, J. P.] CNRS, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Roques, J. P.] IRAP, 9 Ave Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [Savchenko, V.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Francois Arago Ctr,APC,CEA Irfu,Observ Paris, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Kasliwal, M. M.; Cao, Y.; Duggan, G.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Miller, A. A.; Barlow, T.; Bellm, E.; Cook, D.; Prince, T.; Kupfer, T.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Manulis, I.; Horesh, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. 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[Abe, F.] Nagoya Univ, Inst Space Earth Environm Res, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Doi, M.; Morokuma, T.; Motohara, K.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Grad Sch Sci, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. [Fujisawa, K.] Yamaguchi Univ, Res Inst Time Studies, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 7538511, Japan. [Kawabata, K. S.; Yoshida, M.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Tanaka, M.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Div Theoret Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Ohta, K.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Kyoto, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Yanagisawa, K.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Okayama 7190232, Japan. [Baltay, C.; Rabinowitz, D.; Ellman, N.; Rostami, S.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bersier, D. F.; Bode, M. F.; Collins, C. A.; Copperwheat, C. M.; Darnley, M. J.; Kobayashi, S.; Mazzali, P.; Piascik, A. S.; Steele, I. A.] Liverpool JMU, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Galloway, D. K.] Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Astrophys MoCA, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Galloway, D. K.] Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Gomboc, A.] Univ Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, Nova Gorica 5000, Slovenia. [Gomboc, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Jadranska 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Mundell, C. G.] Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Pollacco, Don; Ulaczyk, K.; Lyman, J. D.; Levan, A. J.; Steeghs, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Broderick, J. W.; Rowlinson, A.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Fender, R. P.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Astrophys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Jonker, P. G.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Rowlinson, A.; Wijers, R. A. M. J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Lipunov, V.; Gorbovskoy, E.; Tyurina, N.; Kornilov, V.; Balanutsa, P.; Kuznetsov, A.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, 13 Univ Skiy Prospekt, Moscow 119234, Russia. [Buckley, D.] South African Astron Observ, POB 9, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa. [Rebolo, R.; Serra-Ricart, M.; Israelian, G.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Calle Via Lactea S-N, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Budnev, N. M.; Gress, O.; Ivanov, K.; Poleshuk, V.] Irkutsk State Univ, Inst Appl Phys, 20 Gagarin Blvd, Irkutsk 664003, Russia. [Tlatov, A.] RAS, Kislovodsk Solar Stn Main Pulkovo Observ, POB 45,Ul Gagarina 100, Kislovodsk 357700, Russia. [Yurkov, V.] Blagoveschensk State Pedag Univ, Lenin Str 104, Blagoveshchensk 675000, Amur Region, Russia. [Kawai, N.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528851, Japan. [Serino, M.; Mihara, T.; Matsuoka, M.] RIKEN, MAXI Team, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Negoro, H.] Nihon Univ, Dept Phys, Chiyoda Ku, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Tokyo 1018308, Japan. [Nakahira, S.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Human Spaceflight Technol Directorate, JEM Mission Operat & Integrat Ctr, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Tomida, H.; Ueno, S.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Tsunemi, H.] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Croft, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 501 Campbell Hall 3411, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Croft, S.] Eureka Sci Inc, 2452 Delmer St Suite 100, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. [Feng, L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Franzen, T. M. O.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Tingay, S. J.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Radio Astron, I-40123 Bologna, Italy. [Smartt, S. J.; Smith, K. W.; Young, D. R.; Wright, D. E.; Kotak, R.; Inserra, C.; Kankare, E.; Maguire, K.; Terreran, G.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Chambers, K. C.; Huber, M. E.; Schultz, A.; Denneau, L.; Flewelling, H.; Magnier, E. A.; Primak, N.; Sherstyuk, A.; Stalder, B.; Tonry, J.; Waters, C.; Willman, M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Olivares E, F.; Galbany, L.; Razza, A.; Schulze, S.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile. [Olivares E, F.] Univ Andres Bello, Dept Ciencias Fis, Avda Republ 252, Santiago, Chile. [Campbell, H.; Fraser, M.; Irwin, M.; Fernandez, C. G.; McMahon, R. G.; Banerji, M.; Gonzalez-Solares, E.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Dennefeld, M.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, 98 Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Dennefeld, M.] Univ Paris 06, 98 Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Anderson, J. P.] European Southern Observ, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. [Harmanen, J.] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, Vaialantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Galbany, L.; Razza, A.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Camino El Observ 1515, Santiago, Chile. [Le Guillou, L.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UMR 7585, LPNHE, F-75005 Paris, France. [Le Guillou, L.; Mitra, A.] CNRS, UMR 7585, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. [Valenti, S.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Valenti, S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Gal-Yam, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Cwiok, M.; Zaremba, M.; Zarnecki, A. F.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland. [Mankiewicz, L.; Opiela, R.] Polish Acad Sci, Ctr Theoret Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. [Evans, P. A.; O'Brien, P.; Osborne, J. P.; Tanvir, N. R.; Wiersema, K.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Cenko, S. B.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Palmer, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, B244, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Klotz, A.; Turpin, D.] CNRS UMR 5277 UPS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Beroiz, M.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. [Penuela, T.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany. [Macri, L. M.; Oelkers, R. J.; Marshall, J. L.; Depoy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mitchell Inst Fundamental Phys & Astron, 4242 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lambas, D. G.; Vrech, R.; Cabral, J.; Colazo, C.; Dominguez, M.; Sanchez, B.; Gurovich, S.; Lares, M.] Univ Nacl Cordoba, IATE, Laprida 854, Cordoba, Argentina. [Padilla, N.; Schulze, S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. [Postigo, A. de U.; Thoene, C. C.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Cano, Z.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, Ctr Astrophys & Cosmol, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. RP Abbott, BP (reprint author), CALTECH, LIGO, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM lsc-spokesperson@ligo.org RI Prokhorov, Leonid/I-2953-2012; Gammaitoni, Luca/B-5375-2009; Ciani, Giacomo/G-1036-2011; Sigg, Daniel/I-4308-2015; Di Virgilio, Angela Dora Vittoria/E-9078-2015; Garufi, Fabio/K-3263-2015; Sergeev, Alexander/F-3027-2017; Vitek, Stanislav/B-3332-2015; Harms, Jan/J-4359-2012; Jelinek, Martin/E-5290-2016; Marchesoni, Fabio/A-1920-2008; Cesarini, Elisabetta/C-4507-2017; Costa, Cesar/G-7588-2012; Hild, Stefan/A-3864-2010; Roberts, Oliver/N-6284-2016; Mihara, Tatehiro/C-5536-2017; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; Chow, Jong/A-3183-2008; Hudec, Rene/G-9018-2014; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Serino, Motoko/D-3890-2017; Caballero-Garcia, Maria/D-5659-2017; Bartos, Imre/A-2592-2017; Punturo, Michele/I-3995-2012; Gaztanaga, Enrique/L-4894-2014; zhou, hua/A-6862-2017; Cella, Giancarlo/A-9946-2012; prodi, giovanni/B-4398-2010; Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; Leonardi, Matteo/G-9694-2015; Galbany, Lluis/A-8963-2017; Elias-Rosa, Nancy/D-3759-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Ferrante, Isidoro/F-1017-2012; Pata, Petr/D-5817-2013; Gemme, Gianluca/C-7233-2008; Vecchio, Alberto/F-8310-2015; Losurdo, Giovanni/K-1241-2014; Lima, Marcos/E-8378-2010; Strigin, Sergey/I-8337-2012; Iyer, Bala R./E-2894-2012; Sorrentino, Fiodor/M-6662-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Travasso, Flavio/J-9595-2016; Tiwari, Shubhanshu/R-8546-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016 OI Gammaitoni, Luca/0000-0002-4972-7062; Ciani, Giacomo/0000-0003-4258-9338; Sigg, Daniel/0000-0003-4606-6526; Di Virgilio, Angela Dora Vittoria/0000-0002-2237-7533; Garufi, Fabio/0000-0003-1391-6168; Vitek, Stanislav/0000-0002-3185-1495; Jelinek, Martin/0000-0003-3922-7416; Gorbovskoy, Evgeny/0000-0002-4368-9237; Bondu, Francois/0000-0001-6487-5197; Marchesoni, Fabio/0000-0001-9240-6793; Cesarini, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9127-3167; Roberts, Oliver/0000-0002-7150-9061; Mihara, Tatehiro/0000-0002-6337-7943; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Chow, Jong/0000-0002-2414-5402; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Caballero-Garcia, Maria/0000-0001-7920-4564; Scalzo, Richard/0000-0003-3740-1214; Kotak, Rubina/0000-0001-5455-3653; Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345; Piccinni, Ornella Juliana/0000-0001-5478-3950; Nelemans, Gijs/0000-0002-0752-2974; Pitkin, Matthew/0000-0003-4548-526X; Croft, Steve/0000-0003-4823-129X; Principe, Maria/0000-0002-6327-0628; Macri, Lucas/0000-0002-1775-4859; Lares, Marcelo/0000-0001-8180-5780; Getman, Fedor/0000-0003-1550-0182; Zweizig, John/0000-0002-1521-3397; Horesh, Assaf/0000-0002-5936-1156; Schmidt, Brian/0000-0001-6589-1287; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Onken, Christopher/0000-0003-0017-349X; Gendre, Bruce/0000-0002-9077-2025; McMahon, Richard/0000-0001-8447-8869; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Granata, Massimo/0000-0003-3275-1186; Axelsson, Magnus/0000-0003-4378-8785; Schulze, Steve/0000-0001-6797-1889; Punturo, Michele/0000-0001-8722-4485; Gaztanaga, Enrique/0000-0001-9632-0815; Cella, Giancarlo/0000-0002-0752-0338; prodi, giovanni/0000-0001-5256-915X; Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; Galbany, Lluis/0000-0002-1296-6887; Elias-Rosa, Nancy/0000-0002-1381-9125; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Ferrante, Isidoro/0000-0002-0083-7228; Pata, Petr/0000-0002-6561-9088; Gemme, Gianluca/0000-0002-1127-7406; Vecchio, Alberto/0000-0002-6254-1617; Losurdo, Giovanni/0000-0003-0452-746X; Iyer, Bala R./0000-0002-4141-5179; Sorrentino, Fiodor/0000-0002-9605-9829; Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Travasso, Flavio/0000-0002-4653-6156; Tiwari, Shubhanshu/0000-0003-1611-6625; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; FU United States National Science Foundation (NSF); Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom; Max-Planck Society; State of Niedersachsen/Germany; Australian Research Council; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; EGO consortium; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India; Department of Science and Technology, India; Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India; Ministry of Human Resource Development, India; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; Conselleria d'Economia i Competitivitat and Conselleria d'Educacio Cultura i Universitats of the Govern de les Illes Balears; National Science Centre of Poland; European Commission; Royal Society; Scottish Funding Council; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA); Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO); National Research Foundation of Korea; Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation; National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Leverhulme Trust; Research Corporation; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan; Kavli Foundation; Australian Government; National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Government of Western Australia; United States Department of Energy; United States National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University; Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey; National Science Foundation [AST-1138766, AST-1238877]; MINECO [AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986]; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; European Research Council under European Union's Seventh Framework Programme; ERC [240672, 291329, 306478]; NASA (United States); DOE (United States); IN2P3/CNRS (France); CEA/Irfu (France); ASI (Italy); INFN (Italy); MEXT (Japan); KEK (Japan); JAXA (Japan); Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; National Space Board (Sweden); NASA in the United States; DRL in Germany; INAF for the project "Gravitational Wave Astronomy with the first detections of adLIGO and adVIRGO experiments"; ESA (Denmark); ESA (France); ESA (Germany); ESA (Italy); ESA (Switzerland); ESA (Spain); German INTEGRAL through DLR grant [50 OG 1101]; US under NASA Grant [NNX15AU74G]; National Science Foundation PIRE program grant [1545949]; Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF-51325.01]; KAKENHI of MEXT Japan [24103003, 15H00774, 15H00788]; JSPS [15H02069, 15H02075]; "Optical and Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program" - MEXT; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; ERC Advanced Investigator Grant [267697]; Lomonosov Moscow State University Development programm; Moscow Union OPTICA; Russian Science Foundation [16-12-00085, RFBR15-02-07875]; National Research Foundation of South Africa; Australian Government Department of Industry and Science and Department of Education (National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy: NCRIS); NVIDIA at Harvard University; University of Hawaii; National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Planetary Defense Office [NNX14AM74G]; Queen's University Belfast; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; European Research Council under European Union's Seventh Framework Programme/ERC [291222]; STFC grants [ST/I001123/1, ST/L000709/1]; European Union FP7 programme through ERC [320360]; STFC through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship; FONDECYT [3140326]; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020]; NASA in the US; UK Space Agency in the UK; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) in Italy; Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (MinCyT); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET) from Argentina; USA NSF PHYS [1156600]; NSF [1242090] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) for the construction and operation of the LIGO Laboratory and Advanced LIGO as well as the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO 600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector, and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, Department of Science and Technology, India, Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, the Conselleria d'Economia i Competitivitat and Conselleria d'Educacio Cultura i Universitats of the Govern de les Illes Balears, the National Science Centre of Poland, the European Commission, the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the National Research Foundation of Korea, Industry Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, the National Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, MPS, INFN, CNRS, and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for provision of computational resources.; The Australian SKA Pathfinder is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is managed by CSIRO. The operation of ASKAP is funded by the Australian Government with support from the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy. Establishment of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory was funded by the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia. ASKAP uses advanced supercomputing resources at the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site.; A.J.C.T. acknowledges support from the Junta de Andalucia (Project P07-TIC-03094) and Univ. of Auckland and NIWA for installing of the Spanish BOOTES-3 station in New Zealand, and support from the Spanish Ministry Projects AYA2012-39727-C03-01 and 2015-71718R.; Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the United States Department of Energy, the United States National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey.; The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478.; The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support for LAT development, operation, and data analysis from NASA and DOE (United States), CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS (France), ASI and INFN (Italy), MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan), and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board (Sweden). Science analysis support in the operations phase from INAF (Italy) and CNES (France) is also gratefully acknowledged. The Fermi GBM Collaboration acknowledges the support of NASA in the United States and DRL in Germany.; GRAWITA acknowledges the support of INAF for the project "Gravitational Wave Astronomy with the first detections of adLIGO and adVIRGO experiments."; This work exploited data by INTEGRAL, an ESA project with instruments and science data center funded by ESA member states (especially the PI countries: Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Spain), and with the participation of Russia and the USA. The SPI ACS detector system has been provided by MPE Garching/Germany. We acknowledge the German INTEGRAL support through DLR grant 50 OG 1101.; IPN work is supported in the US under NASA Grant ;NNX15AU74G.; This work is partly based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin 48 in Telescope and the 60 in Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) project, a scientific collaboration among the California Institute of Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, the Oskar Klein Center, the Weizmann Institute of Science, the TANGO Program of the University System of Taiwan, and the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe. M.M.K. and Y.C. acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation PIRE program grant 1545949. A.A.M. acknowledges support from the Hubble Fellowship HST-HF-51325.01. Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA.; J-GEM is financially supported by KAKENHI Grant No. 24103003, 15H00774, and 15H00788 of MEXT Japan, 15H02069 and 15H02075 of JSPS, and the "Optical and Near-Infrared Astronomy Inter-University Cooperation Program" supported by MEXT.; The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council.; LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array designed and constructed by ASTRON, has facilities in several countries, which are owned by various parties (each with their own funding sources), and that are collectively operated by the International LOFAR Telescope (ILT) foundation under a joint scientific policy. R. Fender acknowledges support from ERC Advanced Investigator Grant 267697.; MASTER Global Robotic Net is supported in parts by Lomonosov Moscow State University Development programm, Moscow Union OPTICA, Russian Science Foundation 16-12-00085, RFBR15-02-07875, National Research Foundation of South Africa.; We thank JAXA and RIKEN for providing MAXI data. The MAXI team is partially supported by KAKENHI grant Nos. 24103002, 24540239, 24740186, and 23000004 of MEXT, Japan.; This work uses the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the observatory site. Support for the operation of the MWA is provided by the Australian Government Department of Industry and Science and Department of Education (National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy: NCRIS), under a contract to Curtin University administered by Astronomy Australia Limited. The MWA acknowledges the iVEC Petabyte Data Store and the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University.; Pan-STARRS is supported by the University of Hawaii and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Planetary Defense Office under grant No. NNX14AM74G. The PanSTARRS-LIGO effort is in collaboration with the LIGO Consortium and supported by Queen's University Belfast. The Pan-STARRS1 Sky Surveys have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This work is based (in part) on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile as part of PESSTO, (the Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) ESO programs 188.D-3003, 191.D-0935.; S.J.S. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement No. [291222] and STFC grants ST/I001123/1 and ST/L000709/1. M.F. is supported by the European Union FP7 programme through ERC grant No. 320360. K.M. acknowledges support from the STFC through an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship.; F.O.E. acknowledges support from FONDECYT through postdoctoral grant 3140326.; Parts of this research were conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project No. CE110001020.; Funding for Swift is provided by NASA in the US, by the UK Space Agency in the UK, and by the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) in Italy. This work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift data archive.; The TOROS Collaboration acknowledges support from Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (MinCyT) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET) from Argentina and grants from the USA NSF PHYS 1156600 and NSF HRD 1242090. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 68 U2 68 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 225 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/225/1/8 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU6FG UT WOS:000382309000008 ER PT J AU Keenan-Bateman, TF Mclellan, WA Harms, CA Piscitelli, MA Barco, SG Thayer, VG Lovewell, GN Clark, KL Doshkov, PK Rotstein, DS Potter, CW Pabst, DA AF Keenan-Bateman, Tiffany F. Mclellan, William A. Harms, Craig A. Piscitelli, Marina A. Barco, Susan G. Thayer, Victoria G. Lovewell, Gretchen N. Clark, Karen L. Doshkov, Paul K. Rotstein, David S. Potter, Charles W. Pabst, D. Ann TI Prevalence and anatomic site of Crassicauda sp infection, and its use in species identification, in kogiid whales from the mid-Atlantic United States SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Kogia; Crassicauda; marine mammal; parasite; nematode; kogiid species identification; infection; prevalence ID BALAENOPTERA-PHYSALUS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; MONODON-MONOCEROS; PARASITES; CETACEANS; COAST; DOLPHIN; NEMATODE; ECOLOGY; TISSUES AB The parasitic nematode Crassicauda sp. was initially described in kogiid whales from specimens collected within cervical tissues, uncommon sites of infection for this parasite. Crassicauda sp. has only been reported in Kogia breviceps to date, but no study has yet investigated a large sample of both kogiid species. A 15 yr record of 104 kogiid strandings (K. sima, n = 40; K. breviceps, n = 64) in North Carolina and Virginia, U.S.A. was used to determine the prevalence of Crassicauda sp. across species, within species across sex, and within sex across length and life history categories. Crassicauda sp. was confirmed to be a species-specific parasite among kogiids infecting only K. breviceps (prevalence = 45%). Within K. breviceps, prevalence was similar (45%) in both immature and mature males, but increased from 10% in immature to 76% in mature females. This study confirmed the cervico-thoracic distribution of the parasite, and identified a novel site of infection in a previously undescribed exocrine gland associated with the pigmented "false gill slit." The species-specific nature of Crassicauda sp. infection, the exocrine gland, and the distinct features of the false gill slit pigmentation associated with the gland, are all useful characters to identify kogiid species in the field. C1 [Keenan-Bateman, Tiffany F.; Mclellan, William A.; Piscitelli, Marina A.; Pabst, D. Ann] Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, 601 South Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Harms, Craig A.] North Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, 303 Coll Circle, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Harms, Craig A.] North Carolina State Univ, Ctr Marine Sci & Technol, 303 Coll Circle, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Piscitelli, Marina A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Barco, Susan G.] Virginia Aquarium & Marine Sci Ctr, 717 Gen Booth Blvd, Virginia Beach, VA 23451 USA. [Thayer, Victoria G.] North Carolina Div Marine Fisheries, 3441 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Lovewell, Gretchen N.] Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. [Clark, Karen L.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Outer Banks Educ Ctr, 1160 Village Lane,Heritage Pk, Corolla, NC 27927 USA. [Doshkov, Paul K.] Cape Hatteras Natl Seashore, Natl Pk Serv, 1401 Natl Pk Dr, Avon, NC 27915 USA. [Rotstein, David S.] Marine Mammal Pathol Serv, 19117 Bloomfield Rd, Olney, MD 20832 USA. [Potter, Charles W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 108, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Lovewell, Gretchen N.] Mote Marine Lab, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. RP Keenan-Bateman, TF (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, 601 South Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. EM batemankt@uncw.edu FU NOAA FX We thank all members, past and present, of the North Carolina and Virginia Marine Mammal Stranding Programs who assisted in the response and investigation of the specimens utilized in this study. We are grateful to Dr. Alex Costidis, Dr. Stephanie Kamel, and Dr. Zachary Long, who have shared their time and expertise, and contributed significantly to this project. A very special thank you to Dr. Sentiel Rommel for generously sharing his time and expertise to help create the schematic for this project, and to Dr. Kevin Lafferty for taking the time to discuss this project with us during the 2014 Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology annual meeting. Thanks also to Dr. Frederick Scharf for his assistance with statistical analyses. Crassicaudid specimens, collected over the course of this study, have been accessioned in the Parasite Collection (USNM 1299443 - 1299449) at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History. Work carried out under UNCW IACUC Protocols A0809-019 and A1112-013, and under a Stranding Agreement from NOAA SE to UNC Wilmington. This work was supported in part by NOAA Prescott Stranding Grants to UNCW. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0824-0469 EI 1748-7692 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 32 IS 3 BP 868 EP 883 DI 10.1111/mms.12300 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA DY3PT UT WOS:000385006800004 ER PT J AU Menezes, NA Weitzman, SH Teixeira, TF AF Menezes, N. A. Weitzman, S. H. Teixeira, T. F. TI Redescription of Hysteronotus megalostomus (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae), a poorly known characid from tributaries of the Rio Sao Fancisco, Brazil with comments on the conservation of the species SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Fish and Aquatic Habitat Conservation in South America during the 21st Brazilian Ichthyology Meeting CY 2015 CL Recife, BRAZIL DE conservation; fresh water; neotropical; sexual dimorphism; systematics ID TELEOSTEI CHARACIFORMES AB Originally described from the upper Rio das Velhas, a tributary of the Rio Sao Francisco, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Hysteronotus megalostomus was recently collected in many tributaries of the Rio Sao Francisco north of the type locality. The specimens of the population samples collected outside the type locality share the morphological features present in the type material except for the presence of an adipose fin found only in two specimens within the more recently collected material. Presence or absence of the adipose fin has been extensively used by fish taxonomists to characterize different species and even genera, but in H. megalostomus the character is not consistent, indicating its use alone is not diagnostic. The species is redescribed and its phylogenetic relationships and conservation status are briefly discussed. (C) 2016 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles C1 [Menezes, N. A.; Teixeira, T. F.] Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, POB 42494, BR-04218970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Weitzman, S. H.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Fishes, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Menezes, NA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, POB 42494, BR-04218970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM naercio@usp.br RI Museu de Zoologia da USP, MZ-USP/Q-2192-2016 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 89 IS 1 SI SI BP 495 EP 509 DI 10.1111/jfb.13000 PG 15 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DX3WL UT WOS:000384307300031 PM 27237472 ER PT J AU Bashforth, AR DiMichele, WA Eble, CF Nelson, WJ AF Bashforth, Arden R. DiMichele, William A. Eble, Cortland F. Nelson, W. John TI A Middle Pennsylvanian macrofloral assemblage from wetland deposits in Indiana (Illinois Basin): a taxonomic contribution with biostratigraphic, paleobiogeographic, and paleoecologic implications SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FROND MACRONEUROPTERIS MACROPHYLLA; NORTH-AMERICA; VARISCAN EURAMERICA; APPALACHIAN REGION; WESTPHALIAN-D; SEA-LEVEL; GEN-NOV; ICE-AGE; PALEOCLIMATE CONTROLS; CARBONIFEROUS FLORA AB Taxonomic analysis is provided for a Middle Pennsylvanian macrofloral assemblage collected from clastic wetland deposits in Clay County, Indiana, on the eastern margin of the Illinois Basin. Adpressed plant fossils were recovered from four distinct beds in the lowermost Staunton Formation, positioned above the Minshall Coal (uppermost Brazil Formation), part of a succession deposited near the Atokan-Desmoinesian boundary. The assemblage of 22 fossil-taxa is dominated by pteridosperms (including Neuropteris flexuosa, Macroneuropteris scheuchzeri, Alethopteris densinervosa, Neuropteris ovata, Eusphenopteris neuropteroides, and Neuropteris missouriensis) with lesser cordaitaleans (Cordaites spp. indet.) and sphenopsids (particularly Sphenophyllum cuneifolium). Lycopsids are uncommon, and ferns are rare. In contrast, the microfloral assemblage from the Minshall Coal and overlying clastic units is dominated by lycopsid and tree fern spores. Comparisons with established biozonation schemes yield different ages depending on the regional biostratigraphic framework used: (1) latest Bolsovian (Radiizonates difformis Biozone, American microfloras); (2) latest Bolsovian or earliest Asturian ('Neuropteris' rarinervis Biozone, Appalachian Basin macrofloras); or (3) earliest Asturian (Linopteris obliqua Biozone, European macrofloras). The placement and correlation of the Bolsovian-Asturian and Atokan-Desmoinesian boundaries, which have traditionally been equated by palynology, are evaluated in the context of this discordance. Several revised stratigraphic scenarios are proposed for this interval in the Illinois Basin, which is being increasingly recognized as a time of significant environmental change throughout Euramerica. Homotaxial comparisons with European macrofloral assemblages indicate that, of the 18 biological taxa recorded, between 14 and 17 (78-94%) also are common in coeval wetland deposits in Europe. The similarities exemplify the spatial conservatism and low diversity of wetland plant communities over vast areas of tropical Euramerica, a manifestation of the intrinsically stressful conditions that characterize such habitats, and indicates that neither the Laurentian Shield nor the Appalachian-Variscan Mountains were an insurmountable barrier to plant dispersal during the Middle Pennsylvanian. C1 [Bashforth, Arden R.; DiMichele, William A.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Eble, Cortland F.] Univ Kentucky, Kentucky Geol Survey, Lexington, KY 40560 USA. [Nelson, W. John] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Geol Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Bashforth, Arden R.] Univ Copenhagen, Geol Museum, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Bashforth, AR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Bashforth, AR (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Geol Museum, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. EM bashfortha@si.edu; dimichel@si.edu; eble@uky.edu; jnnelson@illinois.edu FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX A Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada to ARB is acknowledged. Hans-Dieter Sues provided translations of German text. Appreciation is offered to the following for correspondence about systematics, repositories, type localities, and stratigraphic information: B. M. Blake, C.J. Cleal, N. Gilmore, J.-P. Laveine, R. Rossler, J. Schneider, and D. Uhl. The reviews of H.W. Pfefferkorn and E.L. Zodrow were beneficial, as was the assistance of the editorial team (B.R. Pratt, S. Davis, K. Huber). NR 296 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3360 EI 1937-2337 J9 J PALEONTOL JI J. Paleontol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 90 IS 4 BP 589 EP 631 DI 10.1017/jpa.2015.69 PG 43 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DX3WG UT WOS:000384306500001 ER PT J AU Li, R Wen, J AF Li, Rong Wen, Jun TI Phylogeny and diversification of Chinese Araliaceae based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Aralia-Panax group; Asian Palmate group; Chinese Araliaceae; diversification; phylogeny ID AMERICAN BIOGEOGRAPHIC DISJUNCTIONS; QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU; CHLOROPLAST DNA; CLOSE RELATIVES; RIBOSOMAL DNA; GINSENG GENUS; EVOLUTION; PLANTS; SYSTEMATICS; SCHEFFLERA AB Chinese Araliaceae consist of 20 genera and ca. 175 species. To assess the evolutionary relationships of Araliaceae and their biogeographic diversification in China, the phylogeny of Chinese Araliaceae was constructed by sampling 96 accessions representing 20 genera and 50 species of Chinese Araliaceae and 45 closely related taxa using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and six plastid regions (the ndhF gene, the trnL-trnF region, the rps16 intron, the atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer, the rpl16 intron, and the psbA-trnH intergenic spacer). Phylogenetic analyses of the combined plastid and ITS data supported the results of the previously studies that the Chinese members of Araliaceae were scattered within the Asian Palmate group and the Aralia-Panax group with Osmoxylon at the base of core Araliaceae. The generic status of Pentapanax and Tupidanthus is not supported. Our analysis clearly places them in Aralia and Asian Schefflera, respectively. In a broader phylogenetic framework of Araliaceae, based on the fossil-calibrated Bayesian dating, Chinese Araliaceae was inferred to have originated in Asia and underwent a rapid radiation in its evolutionary history. Its diversification is hypothesized to have been driven largely by the orogenies in Asia during the Cenozoic. In China, the distribution pattern of the phylogenetic diversity of Araliaceae corresponds with its taxonomic diversity across the entire region. C1 [Li, Rong] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu FU John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Laboratory of Analytical Biology at the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution; Talent Project of Yunnan Province [2015HB092] FX The study was supported by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Laboratory of Analytical Biology at the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution, and the Talent Project of Yunnan Province (Grant No. 2015HB092). Laboratory assistance was provided by Jeff Hunt, Lei Xie, Xinwei Xu, and Yunjuan Zuo. We thank S. Oliver, Anthony Mitchell, H. Kato, Yunfei Deng, and Yumin Shui for collecting samples and field assistance, and Professor Zhiduan Chen for invitation to contribute to this special issue. NR 90 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 54 IS 4 SI SI BP 453 EP 467 DI 10.1111/jse.12196 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW6OX UT WOS:000383771900012 ER PT J AU Chen, ZD Lu, AM Zhang, SZ Wang, QF Liu, ZJ Li, DZ Ma, H Li, JH Soltis, DE Soltis, PS Wen, J AF Chen, Zhi-Duan Lu, An-Ming Zhang, Shou-Zhou Wang, Qing-Feng Liu, Zhong-Jian Li, De-Zhu Ma, Hong Li, Jian-Hua Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Wen, Jun CA China Phylogeny Consortium TI The Tree of Life: China project SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Editorial Material ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; SCALE C1 [Chen, Zhi-Duan; Lu, An-Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Shou-Zhou] Fairylake Bot Garden, Shenzhen Key Lab Southern Subtrop Plant Divers, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Shou-Zhou] Chinese Acad Sci, Shenzhen 518004, Peoples R China. [Wang, Qing-Feng] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Garden, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Liu, Zhong-Jian] Orchid Conservat & Res Ctr Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518114, Peoples R China. [Li, De-Zhu] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Ma, Hong] Fudan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Li, Jian-Hua] Hope Coll, Dept Biol, Holland, MI 49423 USA. [Soltis, Douglas E.] Univ Florida, Dept Bot, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Soltis, Pamela S.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chen, ZD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 54 IS 4 SI SI BP CP5 EP 276 DI 10.1111/jse.12215 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW6OX UT WOS:000383771900001 ER PT J AU Isaac, G Isaac, B AF Isaac, Gwyneira Isaac, Barbara TI Uncovering the demographics of collecting A case-study of the US Exploring Expedition (1838-1842) SO JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF COLLECTIONS LA English DT Article AB The US Exploring Expedition (1838-42) circumnavigated the globe to map uncharted territories and to collect natural and cultural specimens for future study. Due to the detailed documentation practices of the expedition's leader, Charles Wilkes, the expedition records provide a rare insight into the collecting practices of the first nineteenth-century American voyage of discovery. Although the origins of anthropological collections are often traced back to cultural artefacts collected by naturalists, the Exploring Expedition records show a broader and more diverse type of collector taking part in this endeavour: where the collectors are identified, it emerges that officers and ordinary seamen collected three times as many cultural objects as the scientific corps. While uncommonly meticulous for their time, the Exploring Expedition records offer a valuable entry point into the demographics of collecting at a time when these practices were embedded in and influenced by a more involved maritime collecting culture than previously has been acknowledged. C1 [Isaac, Gwyneira] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol Mrc 112, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Isaac, Barbara] 186 Marlborough Rd, Oxford OX1 4LT, England. RP Isaac, G (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol Mrc 112, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Isaac, B (reprint author), 186 Marlborough Rd, Oxford OX1 4LT, England. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0954-6650 EI 1477-8564 J9 J HIST COLLECT JI J. Hist. Collect. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 BP 209 EP 223 DI 10.1093/jhc/fhv027 PG 15 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA DT1AA UT WOS:000381212900004 ER PT J AU Brown, SP Ferrer, A Dalling, JW Heath, KD AF Brown, Shawn P. Ferrer, Astrid Dalling, James W. Heath, Katy D. TI Don't put all your eggs in one basket: a cost-effective and powerful method to optimize primer choice for rRNA environmental community analyses using the Fluidigm Access Array SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Fluidigm; fungi; internal transcribed spacer; large subunit; mock community; primer selection ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; HYPERDIVERSE FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; DNA BARCODE MARKER; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; RARE BIOSPHERE; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; DEEP-SEA; SEQUENCES; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLICON AB With the increasing democratization of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies, along with the concomitant increase in sequence yield per dollar, many researchers are exploring HTS for microbial community ecology. Many elements of experimental design can drastically affect the final observed community structure, notably the choice of primers for amplification prior to sequencing. Some targeted microbes can fail to amplify due to primer-targeted sequence divergence and be omitted from obtained sequences, leading to differences among primer pairs in the sequenced organisms even when targeting the same community. This potential source of taxonomic bias in HTS makes it prudent to investigate how primer choice will affect the sequenced community prior to investing in a costly community-wide sequencing effort. Here, we use Fluidigm's microfluidic Access Arrays (IFC) followed by Illumina (R) MiSeq Nano sequencing on a culture-derived local mock community to demonstrate how this approach allows for a low-cost combinatorial investigation of primer pairs and experimental samples (up to 48 primer pairs and 48 samples) to determine the most effective primers that maximize obtained communities whilst minimizing taxonomic biases. C1 [Brown, Shawn P.; Ferrer, Astrid; Dalling, James W.; Heath, Katy D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dalling, James W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Brown, SP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM spbrown1@illinois.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1241212] FX We are greatly appreciative to everyone associated with the implementation and collection of these samples in Panama, particularly Mabelle Chong, Sergio Mosquera and Yaravi Suarez. We thank Mark Band and Chris Wright of the Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center at the University of Illinois for technical assistance and sequence production. This work was funded through a Dimensions of Biodiversity Grant from the National Science Foundation (DEB 1241212 to Ferrer, Dalling and Heath). NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 946 EP 956 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12507 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DV9SE UT WOS:000383281100010 PM 26849494 ER PT J AU Mevius, M van der Tol, S Pandey, VN Vedantham, HK Brentjens, MA de Bruyn, AG Abdalla, FB Asad, KMB Bregman, JD Brouw, WN Bus, S Chapman, E Ciardi, B Fernandez, ER Ghosh, A Harker, G Iliev, IT Jelic, V Kazemi, S Koopmans, LVE Noordam, JE Offringa, AR Patil, AH van Weeren, RJ Wijnholds, S Yatawatta, S Zaroubi, S AF Mevius, M. van der Tol, S. Pandey, V. N. Vedantham, H. K. Brentjens, M. A. de Bruyn, A. G. Abdalla, F. B. Asad, K. M. B. Bregman, J. D. Brouw, W. N. Bus, S. Chapman, E. Ciardi, B. Fernandez, E. R. Ghosh, A. Harker, G. Iliev, I. T. Jelic, V. Kazemi, S. Koopmans, L. V. E. Noordam, J. E. Offringa, A. R. Patil, A. H. van Weeren, R. J. Wijnholds, S. Yatawatta, S. Zaroubi, S. TI Probing ionospheric structures using the LOFAR radio telescope SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ionosphere; radio interferometry; LOFAR; diffractive scale; turbulent structures ID INTERFEROMETRY; SCINTILLATION; CALIBRATION; ARRAY AB LOFAR is the LOw-Frequency Radio interferometer ARray located at midlatitude (52 degrees 53N). Here we present results on ionospheric structures derived from 29 LOFAR nighttime observations during the winters of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. We show that LOFAR is able to determine differential ionospheric total electron content values with an accuracy better than 0.001 total electron content unit = 10(16)m(-2) over distances ranging between 1 and 100km. For all observations the power law behavior of the phase structure function is confirmed over a long range of baseline lengths, between 1 and 80km, with a slope that is, in general, larger than the 5/3 expected for pure Kolmogorov turbulence. The measured average slope is 1.89 with a one standard deviation spread of 0.1. The diffractive scale, i.e., the length scale where the phase variance is 1rad(2), is shown to be an easily obtained single number that represents the ionospheric quality of a radio interferometric observation. A small diffractive scale is equivalent to high phase variability over the field of view as well as a short time coherence of the signal, which limits calibration and imaging quality. For the studied observations the diffractive scales at 150MHz vary between 3.5 and 30 km. A diffractive scale above 5km, pertinent to about 90% of the observations, is considered sufficient for the high dynamic range imaging needed for the LOFAR epoch of reionization project. For most nights the ionospheric irregularities were anisotropic, with the structures being aligned with the Earth magnetic field in about 60% of the observations. C1 [Mevius, M.; van der Tol, S.; Pandey, V. N.; Vedantham, H. K.; Brentjens, M. A.; de Bruyn, A. G.; Bregman, J. D.; Brouw, W. N.; Jelic, V.; Noordam, J. E.; Offringa, A. R.; Wijnholds, S.; Yatawatta, S.] Astron, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Vedantham, H. K.; de Bruyn, A. G.; Asad, K. M. B.; Brouw, W. N.; Bus, S.; Fernandez, E. R.; Ghosh, A.; Jelic, V.; Koopmans, L. V. E.; Patil, A. H.; Zaroubi, S.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, Groningen, Netherlands. [Abdalla, F. B.; Chapman, E.; Harker, G.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Abdalla, F. B.] SKA, Pinelands, South Africa. [Ciardi, B.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Munich, Germany. [Iliev, I. T.] Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Dept Phys & Astron, Pevensey 2 Bldg, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Jelic, V.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Kazemi, S.] ASTRON & IBM Ctr Exascale Technol, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mevius, M (reprint author), Astron, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. EM mevius@astron.nl RI Jelic, Vibor/B-2938-2014 OI Jelic, Vibor/0000-0002-6034-8610 FU Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (TOP grant) [614.001.005]; European Research Council [339743] FX This research was supported by grants from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (TOP grant 614.001.005) and from the European Research Council (grant 339743 (LOFARCORE)). All data presented here are made available upon request by the corresponding author. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 EI 1944-799X J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 927 EP 941 DI 10.1002/2016RS006028 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA DV5TC UT WOS:000382991200004 ER PT J AU Collins, M AF Collins, Martin TI German Rocketeers in the Heart of Dixie: Making Sense of the Nazi Past during the Civil Rights Era SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Book Review C1 [Collins, Martin] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Collins, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0040-165X EI 1097-3729 J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 57 IS 3 BP 691 EP 692 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA DV5YC UT WOS:000383005600021 ER PT J AU Ade, PAR Ahmed, Z Aikin, RW Alexander, KD Barkats, D Benton, SJ Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Bowens-Rubin, R Brevik, JA Buder, I Bullock, E Buza, V Connors, J Crill, BP Duband, L Dvorkin, C Filippini, JP Fliescher, S Grayson, J Halpern, M Harrison, S Hildebrandt, SR Hilton, GC Hui, H Irwin, KD Kang, J Karkare, KS Karpel, E Kaufman, JP Keating, BG Kefeli, S Kernasovskiy, SA Kovac, JM Kuo, CL Leitch, EM Lueker, M Megerian, KG Namikawa, T Netterfield, CB Nguyen, HT O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Orlando, A Pryke, C Richter, S Schwarz, R Sheehy, CD Staniszewski, ZK Steinbach, B Sudiwala, RV Teply, GP Thompson, KL Tolan, JE Tucker, C Turner, AD Vieregg, AG Weber, AC Wiebe, DV Willmert, J Wong, CL Wu, WLK Yoon, KW AF Ade, P. A. R. Ahmed, Z. Aikin, R. W. Alexander, K. D. Barkats, D. Benton, S. J. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Bowens-Rubin, R. Brevik, J. A. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Buza, V. Connors, J. Crill, B. P. Duband, L. Dvorkin, C. Filippini, J. P. Fliescher, S. Grayson, J. Halpern, M. Harrison, S. Hildebrandt, S. R. Hilton, G. C. Hui, H. Irwin, K. D. Kang, J. Karkare, K. S. Karpel, E. Kaufman, J. P. Keating, B. G. Kefeli, S. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Kovac, J. M. Kuo, C. L. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Megerian, K. G. Namikawa, T. Netterfield, C. B. Nguyen, H. T. O'Brient, R. Ogburn, R. W. Orlando, A. Pryke, C. Richter, S. Schwarz, R. Sheehy, C. D. Staniszewski, Z. K. Steinbach, B. Sudiwala, R. V. Teply, G. P. Thompson, K. L. Tolan, J. E. Tucker, C. Turner, A. D. Vieregg, A. G. Weber, A. C. Wiebe, D. V. Willmert, J. Wong, C. L. Wu, W. L. K. Yoon, K. W. CA Keck Array Collaboration Bicep2 Collaboration TI BICEP2/KECK ARRAY. VII. MATRIX BASED E/B SEPARATION APPLIED TO BICEP2 AND THE KECK ARRAY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; gravitational waves; inflation polarization ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIZATION; POWER SPECTRUM; TEMPERATURE AB A linear polarization field on the sphere can be uniquely decomposed into an E-mode and a B-mode component. These two components are analytically defined in terms of spin-2 spherical harmonics. Maps that contain filtered modes on a partial sky can also be decomposed into E-mode and B-mode components. However, the lack of full sky information prevents orthogonally separating these components using spherical harmonics. In this paper, we present a technique for decomposing an incomplete map into E and B-mode components using E and B eigenmodes of the pixel covariance in the observed map. This method is found to orthogonally define E and B in the presence of both partial sky coverage and spatial filtering. This method has been applied to the BICEP2 and the Keck Array maps and results in reducing E to B leakage from Lambda CDME-modes to a level corresponding to a tensor-to-scalar ratio of r < 1 x 10(-4). C1 [Ade, P. A. R.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Sudiwala, R. V.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kuo, C. L.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Kuo, C. L.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Aikin, R. W.; Bock, J. J.; Brevik, J. A.; Filippini, J. P.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Hui, H.; Kefeli, S.; Lueker, M.; O'Brient, R.; Orlando, A.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J.; Harrison, S.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Bock, J. J.; Crill, B. P.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Megerian, K. G.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A. C.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bullock, E.; Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Buza, V.; Dvorkin, C.; Kovac, J. M.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Duband, L.] Commissariat Energie Atom, Serv Basses Temp, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Halpern, M.; Wiebe, D. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Hilton, G. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Kaufman, J. P.; Keating, B. G.; Teply, G. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Leitch, E. M.; Sheehy, C. D.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Netterfield, C. B.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Pryke, C.; Schwarz, R.; Sheehy, C. D.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wu, W. L. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tolan, JE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM jetolan@stanford.edu OI Karkare, Kirit/0000-0002-5215-6993; Barkats, Denis/0000-0002-8971-1954; Namikawa, Toshiya/0000-0003-3070-9240 FU US National Science Foundation [ANT-0742818, ANT-1044978, ANT-0742592, ANT-1110087]; FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University; US Department of Energy Office of Science FX BICEP2 was supported by the US National Science Foundation under grants ANT-0742818 and ANT-1044978 (Caltech/Harvard) and ANT-0742592 and ANT-1110087 (Chicago/Minnesota). The computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. The analysis effort at Stanford/SLAC is partially supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science. Tireless administrative support was provided by Irene Coyle and Kathy Deniston. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 66 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/66 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000066 ER PT J AU Chen, ZH Gou, LJ McClintock, JE Steiner, JF Wu, JF Xu, WW Orosz, JA Xiang, YM AF Chen, Zihan Gou, Lijun McClintock, Jeffrey E. Steiner, James F. Wu, Jianfeng Xu, Weiwei Orosz, Jerome A. Xiang, Yanmei TI THE SPIN OF THE BLACK HOLE IN THE X-RAY BINARY NOVA MUSCAE 1991 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE X-rays: binaries ID CONTINUUM-FITTING METHOD; ACCRETION DISK MODELS; CYGNUS X-1; SPECTRAL EVOLUTION; PLUNGING REGION; INNER-DISK; JET POWER; LMC X-3; MASS; EXTREME AB The bright soft X-ray transient Nova Muscae 1991 was intensively observed during its entire eight-month outburst using the Large Area Counter on board the Ginga satellite. Recently, we obtained accurate estimates of the mass of the black hole primary, the orbital inclination angle of the system, and the distance. Using these crucial input data and Ginga X-ray spectra, we have measured the spin of the black hole using the continuum-fitting method. For four X-ray spectra of extraordinary quality we have determined the dimensionless spin parameter of the black hole to be a(*) = 0.63(-0.19)(+0.16) (1 sigma confidence level), a result that we confirm using 11 additional spectra of lower quality. Our spin estimate challenges two published results: it is somewhat higher than the value predicted by a proposed relationship between jet power and spin; and we find that the spin of the black hole is decidedly prograde, not retrograde as has been claimed. C1 [Chen, Zihan; Gou, Lijun; Xu, Weiwei; Xiang, Yanmei] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Chen, Zihan; Gou, Lijun; Xu, Weiwei] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [McClintock, Jeffrey E.; Steiner, James F.; Wu, Jianfeng] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Orosz, Jerome A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Xiang, Yanmei] Yunnan Univ, Key Lab Astroparticle Phys Yunnan Prov, Dept Astron, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. RP Chen, ZH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.; Chen, ZH (reprint author), Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. OI Wu, Jianfeng/0000-0001-7349-4695 FU Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of CAS [XDB09000000]; NSFC grant [11333005]; NAOC grant [Y234031001] FX We thank the anonymous referee for several helpful criticisms and comments. L.G. is supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of CAS grant XDB09000000, NSFC grant 11333005, and NAOC grant Y234031001. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 45 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/45 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000045 ER PT J AU Cook, NV Ragozzine, D Granvik, M Stephens, DC AF Cook, Nathaniel V. Ragozzine, Darin Granvik, Mikael Stephens, Denise C. TI REALISTIC DETECTABILITY OF CLOSE INTERSTELLAR COMETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE comets: general; ISM: general; methods: observational; planetary systems ID OBJECT PROCESSING SYSTEM; KUIPER-BELT OBJECTS; C/2007 W1 BOATTINI; INNER OORT CLOUD; SOLAR-SYSTEM; BETA-PICTORIS; PLANETARY SYSTEMS; EXTRASOLAR COMETS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; GIANT PLANET AB During the planet formation process, billions of comets are created and ejected into interstellar space. The detection and characterization of such interstellar comets (ICs) (also known as extra-solar planetesimals or extra-solar comets) would give us in situ information about the efficiency and properties of planet formation throughout the galaxy. However, no ICs have ever been detected, despite the fact that their hyperbolic orbits would make them readily identifiable as unrelated to the solar system. Moro-Martin et al. have made a detailed and reasonable estimate of the properties of the IC population. We extend their estimates of detectability with a numerical model that allows us to consider "close" ICs, e.g., those that come within the orbit of Jupiter. We include several constraints on a "detectable" object that allow for realistic estimates of the frequency of detections expected from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and other surveys. The influence of several of the assumed model parameters on the frequency of detections is explored in detail. Based on the expectation from Moro-Martin et al., we expect that LSST will detect 0.001-10 ICs during its nominal 10 year lifetime, with most of the uncertainty from the unknown number density of small (nuclei of similar to 0.1-1 km) ICs. Both asteroid and comet cases are considered, where the latter includes various empirical prescriptions of brightening. Using simulated LSST-like astrometric data, we study the problem of orbit determination for these bodies, finding that LSST could identify their orbits as hyperbolic and determine an ephemeris sufficiently accurate for follow-up in about 4-7 days. We give the hyperbolic orbital parameters of the most detectable ICs. Taking the results into consideration, we give recommendations to future searches for ICs. C1 [Cook, Nathaniel V.; Stephens, Denise C.] Brigham Young Univ, BYU Dept Phys & Astron N283 ESC, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Ragozzine, Darin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ragozzine, Darin] Univ Florida, 211 Bryant Space Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ragozzine, Darin] Florida Inst Technol, 150 West Univ Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Granvik, Mikael] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, POB 64, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Granvik, Mikael] Finnish Geospatial Res Inst, POB 15, Masala 02430, Finland. RP Cook, NV (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, BYU Dept Phys & Astron N283 ESC, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM nathanielvcook@gmail.com OI Ragozzine, Darin/0000-0003-1080-9770; Granvik, Mikael/0000-0002-5624-1888 FU BYU Department of Physics and Astronomy mentoring support fund; Division for Planetary Sciences Hartmann Travel Grant Program; NASA Academy; Harvard Institute for Theory and Computation Fellowship; Academy of Finland [137853] FX We thank Avi Loeb, Amaya Moro-Martin, Luke Dones, Mike Jura, Priscilla Frisch, and Dan Green for discussions and suggestions that improved the manuscript. We thank Paul Weissman for very helpful reviews. NVC acknowledges support from the BYU Department of Physics and Astronomy mentoring support fund. We thank the Division for Planetary Sciences Hartmann Travel Grant Program for sponsoring a presentation of this work at a DPS Meeting. DR thanks Ed Sittler and the NASA Academy for support on an earlier related project. DR also acknowledges the support of a Harvard Institute for Theory and Computation Fellowship. MG was funded by grant # 137853 from the Academy of Finland. NR 90 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 51 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/51 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000051 ER PT J AU Heinz, S Corrales, L Smith, R Brandt, WN Jonker, PG Plotkin, RM Neilsen, J AF Heinz, S. Corrales, L. Smith, R. Brandt, W. N. Jonker, P. G. Plotkin, R. M. Neilsen, J. TI A JOINT CHANDRA AND SWIFT VIEW OF THE 2015 X-RAY DUST-SCATTERING ECHO OF V404 CYGNI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; stars: individual (V404 Cyg); X-rays: binaries ID INTERSTELLAR GRAINS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; BLACK-HOLE; MILKY-WAY; HALOS; DISTANCE; EXTINCTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; RINGS; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present a combined analysis of the Chandra and Swift observations of the 2015 X-ray echo of V404 Cygni. Using a stacking analysis, we identify eight separate rings in the echo. We reconstruct the soft X-ray light curve of the 2015 June outburst using the high-resolution Chandra images and cross-correlations of the radial intensity profiles, indicating that about 70% of the outburst fluence occurred during the bright flare at the end of the outburst on MJD 57199.8. By deconvolving the intensity profiles with the reconstructed outburst light curve, we show that the rings correspond to eight separate dust concentrations with precise distance determinations. We further show that the column density of the clouds varies significantly across the field of view, with the centroid of most of the clouds shifted toward the Galactic plane, relative to the position of V404 Cyg, invalidating the assumption of uniform cloud column typically made in attempts to constrain dust properties from light echoes. We present a new XSPEC spectral dust-scattering model that calculates the differential dust-scattering cross section for a range of commonly used dust distributions and compositions and use it to jointly fit the entire set of Swift echo data. We find that a standard Mathis-Rumpl-Nordsieck model provides an adequate fit to the ensemble of echo data. The fit is improved by allowing steeper dust distributions, and models with simple silicate and graphite grains are preferred over models with more complex composition. C1 [Heinz, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Corrales, L.; Neilsen, J.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Smith, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jonker, P. G.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jonker, P. G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Plotkin, R. M.] Curtin Univ, ICRAR, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Plotkin, R. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 South Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Heinz, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM heinzs@astro.wisc.edu OI Neilsen, Joseph/0000-0002-8247-786X; Plotkin, Richard/0000-0002-7092-0326 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award [GO4-15049X]; Chandra Award [TM4-15002X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060] FX We would like to thank Bob Benjamin and Erik Kuulkers for helpful discussions. We are grateful to CXO Director Belinda Wilkes for granting two Director's Discretionary Time observations of the echo, as well as the Chandra observations and scheduling team for their rapid turnaround and support in devising successful and safe observing parameters. This research has made use of data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive and the Chandra Source Catalog, and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application packages CIAO, ChIPS, and Sherpa. S.H. acknowledges support for this work provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO4-15049X and R.S. acknowledges support through Chandra Award Number TM4-15002X, issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift data archive. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 15 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/15 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000015 ER PT J AU Kenyon, SJ Bromley, BC AF Kenyon, Scott J. Bromley, Benjamin C. TI MAKING PLANET NINE: PEBBLE ACCRETION AT 250-750 AU IN A GRAVITATIONALLY UNSTABLE RING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planets and satellites: formation; planets and satellites: individual (Planet Nine); planets and satellites: physical evolution ID KUIPER-BELT OBJECTS; N-BODY SIMULATION; TRANS-NEPTUNIAN OBJECTS; SOLAR-SYSTEM OBJECTS; ANALOG HD 107146; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; OORT CLOUD; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; GIANT PLANET; DEBRIS DISK AB We investigate the formation of icy super-Earth mass planets within a gravitationally unstable ring of solids orbiting at 250-750 AU around a 1 M-circle dot star. Coagulation calculations demonstrate that a system of a few large oligarchs and a swarm of pebbles generates a super-Earth within 100-200 Myr at 250 AU and within 1-2 Gyr at 750 AU. Systems with more than ten oligarchs fail to yield super-Earths over the age of the solar system. As these systems evolve, destructive collisions produce detectable debris disks with luminosities of 10(-5)-10(-3)relative to the central star. C1 [Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bromley, Benjamin C.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 201 JFB, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Kenyon, SJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu; bromley@physics.utah.edu OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X FU NASA Outer Planets Program [NNX11AM37G] FX We acknowledge generous allotments of computer time on the NASA "discover" cluster. Advice and comments from M. Geller, J. Najita, D. Wilner, and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved our presentation. Portions of this project were supported by NASA Outer Planets Program through grant NNX11AM37G. NR 155 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 33 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/33 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000033 ER PT J AU Lehmer, BD Basu-Zych, AR Mineo, S Brandt, WN Eufrasio, RT Fragos, T Hornschemeier, AE Luo, B Xue, YQ Bauer, FE Gilfanov, M Ranalli, P Schneider, DP Shemmer, O Tozzi, P Trump, JR Vignali, C Wang, JX Yukita, M Zezas, A AF Lehmer, B. D. Basu-Zych, A. R. Mineo, S. Brandt, W. N. Eufrasio, R. T. Fragos, T. Hornschemeier, A. E. Luo, B. Xue, Y. Q. Bauer, F. E. Gilfanov, M. Ranalli, P. Schneider, D. P. Shemmer, O. Tozzi, P. Trump, J. R. Vignali, C. Wang, J. -X. Yukita, M. Zezas, A. TI THE EVOLUTION OF NORMAL GALAXY X-RAY EMISSION THROUGH COSMIC HISTORY: CONSTRAINTS FROM THE 6 MS CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; surveys; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: galaxies; X-rays: general ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; LYMAN BREAK GALAXIES; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; FORMATION RATE INDICATOR; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STELLAR MASS FUNCTIONS; BLACK-HOLE BINARIES; BROAD-BAND; XMM-NEWTON AB We present measurements of the evolution of normal-galaxy X-ray emission from z approximate to 0-7 using local galaxies and galaxy samples in the approximate to 6Ms Chandra Deep Field-South (CDF-S) survey. The majority of the CDF-S galaxies are observed at rest-frame energies above 2 keV, where the emission is expected to be dominated by X-ray binary (XRB) populations; however, hot gas is expected to provide small contributions to the observed-frame less than or similar to 1 keV emission at z less than or similar to 1. We show that a single scaling relation between X-ray luminosity (L-X) and star-formation rate (SFR) literature, is insufficient for characterizing the average X-ray emission at all redshifts. We establish that scaling relations involving not only SFR, but also stellar mass (M-*) and redshift, provide significantly improved characterizations of the average X-ray emission from normal galaxy populations at z approximate to 0-7. We further provide the first empirical constraints on the redshift evolution of X-ray emission from both low-mass XRB (LMXB) and high-mass XRB (HMXB) populations and their scalings with M-* and SFR, respectively. We find L2-10 keV (LMXB)/M-* proportional to (1 + z)(2-3) and L2-10 keV (HMXB)/SFR proportional to (1 + z), and show that these relations are consistent with XRB population-synthesis model predictions, which attribute the increase in LMXB and HMXB scaling relations with redshift as being due to declining host galaxy stellar ages and metallicities, respectively. We discuss how emission from XRBs could provide an important source of heating to the intergalactic medium in the early universe, exceeding that of active galactic nuclei. C1 [Lehmer, B. D.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, 226 Phys Bldg,835 West Dickson St, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Lehmer, B. D.; Eufrasio, R. T.; Yukita, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Homewood Campus, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Lehmer, B. D.; Basu-Zych, A. R.; Eufrasio, R. T.; Yukita, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Basu-Zych, A. R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Mineo, S.; Gilfanov, M.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Mineo, S.] XAIA Investment GmbH, Sonnenstr 19, D-80331 Munich, Germany. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, B.; Schneider, D. P.; Trump, J. R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, B.; Schneider, D. P.; Trump, J. R.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, B.; Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Eufrasio, R. T.] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneva, Chemin Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. [Luo, B.] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Xue, Y. Q.; Wang, J. -X.] Chinese Acad Sci, Univ Sci & Technol China, CAS Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Ctr Astrophys,Dept Astron, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Bauer, F. E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, F. E.] MAS, Nuncio Monsenor Sotero Sanz 100, Santiago, Chile. [Bauer, F. E.] Space Sci Inst, 4750 Walnut St,Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Ranalli, P.] Natl Observ Athens, IAASARS, Penteli 15236, Greece. [Shemmer, O.] Univ North Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Tozzi, P.] INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Vignali, C.] Univ Bologna, Via Ranzani 1, Bologna, Italy. [Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion, Greece. [Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lehmer, BD (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, 226 Phys Bldg,835 West Dickson St, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.; Lehmer, BD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Homewood Campus, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; Lehmer, BD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Eufrasio, Rafael/F-7611-2016; Yukita, Mihoko/E-4135-2017; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; Ranalli, Piero/K-6363-2013; Fragos, Tassos/A-3581-2016; OI Eufrasio, Rafael/0000-0002-2987-1796; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Ranalli, Piero/0000-0003-3956-755X; Shemmer, Ohad/0000-0003-4327-1460; Fragos, Tassos/0000-0003-1474-1523; Luo, Bin/0000-0002-9036-0063 FU Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) grant [GO4-15130B]; NASA ADAP grant [NNX13AI48G, 09-ADP09-0071, NNX10AC99G]; CXC [GO4-15130Z, GO4-15130A]; Ambizione Fellowship of the Swiss National Science Foundation [PZ00P2_148123]; CONICYT-Chile (Basal-CATA) [PFB-06/2007]; CONICYT-Chile (FONDECYT Regular) [1141218]; CONICYT-Chile ("EMBIGGEN" Anillo) [ACT1101]; Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]; Thousand Young Talents program [KJ2030220004]; 973 Program [2015CB857004]; USTC startup funding [ZC9850290195]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC-11473026, 11421303]; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK3440000001] FX BDL gratefully acknowledges financial support from Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) grant GO4-15130B and NASA ADAP grant NNX13AI48G. AEH and ABZ acknowledge funding through CXC program GO4-15130Z and NASA ADAP grant 09-ADP09-0071. WNB and BL. thank CXC grant GO4-15130A and NASA ADP grant NNX10AC99G. TF acknowledges support from the Ambizione Fellowship of the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant PZ00P2_148123). FEB acknowledges support from CONICYT-Chile (Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007, FONDECYT Regular 1141218, "EMBIGGEN" Anillo ACT1101), the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC120009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, MAS. YQX acknowledges support of the Thousand Young Talents program (KJ2030220004), the 973 Program (2015CB857004), the USTC startup funding (ZC9850290195), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-11473026, 11421303), the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB09000000), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK3440000001). NR 120 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 7 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/7 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000007 ER PT J AU More, S Miyatake, H Takada, M Diemer, B Kravtsov, AV Dalal, NK More, A Murata, R Mandelbaum, R Rozo, E Rykoff, ES Oguri, M Spergel, DN AF More, Surhud Miyatake, Hironao Takada, Masahiro Diemer, Benedikt Kravtsov, Andrey V. Dalal, Neal K. More, Anupreeta Murata, Ryoma Mandelbaum, Rachel Rozo, Eduardo Rykoff, Eli S. Oguri, Masamune Spergel, David N. TI DETECTION OF THE SPLASHBACK RADIUS AND HALO ASSEMBLY BIAS OF MASSIVE GALAXY CLUSTERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark matter; cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: general; large-scale structure of universe; methods: observational ID DARK-MATTER HALOES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; SELF-INTERACTIONS; AGE-DEPENDENCE; DATA RELEASE; PROFILES; MODEL; SDSS AB We show that the projected number density profiles of Sloan Digital Sky Survey photometric galaxies around galaxy clusters display strong evidence for the splashback radius, a sharp halo edge corresponding to the location of the first orbital apocenter of satellite galaxies after their infall. We split the clusters into two subsamples with different mean projected radial distances of their members, < R-mem >, at fixed richness and redshift. The sample with smaller < R-mem > has a smaller ratio of the splashback radius to the traditional halo boundary R-200m than the subsample with larger < R-mem >, indicative of different mass accretion rates for these subsamples. The same subsamples were recently used by Miyatake et al. to show that their large-scale clustering differs despite their similar weak lensing masses, demonstrating strong evidence for halo assembly bias. We expand on this result by presenting a 6.6 sigma difference in the clustering amplitudes of these samples using cluster-photometric galaxy cross-correlations. This measurement is a clear indication that halo clustering depends on parameters other than halo mass. If < R-mem > is related to the mass assembly history of halos, the measurement is a manifestation of the halo assembly bias. However, our measured splashback radii are smaller, while the strength of the assembly bias signal is stronger, than the predictions of collisionless. cold dark matter simulations. We show that dynamical friction, cluster mis-centering, or projection effects are not likely to be the sole source of these discrepancies. However, further investigations regarding unknown catastrophic weak lensing or cluster identification systematics are warranted. C1 [More, Surhud; Miyatake, Hironao; Takada, Masahiro; Dalal, Neal K.; More, Anupreeta; Murata, Ryoma; Oguri, Masamune; Spergel, David N.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Miyatake, Hironao] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Miyatake, Hironao; Spergel, David N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Diemer, Benedikt] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kravtsov, Andrey V.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kravtsov, Andrey V.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kravtsov, Andrey V.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Dalal, Neal K.] Univ Illinois Urbana Champagne, Dept Phys, 1110 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Murata, Ryoma; Oguri, Masamune] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Mandelbaum, Rachel] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Rozo, Eduardo] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, 1118 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Rykoff, Eli S.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Oguri, Masamune] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP More, S (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Tokyo Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. EM surhud.more@ipmu.jp RI Oguri, Masamune/C-6230-2011; Mandelbaum, Rachel/N-8955-2014; OI Mandelbaum, Rachel/0000-0003-2271-1527; Diemer, Benedikt/0000-0001-9568-7287; More, Surhud/0000-0002-2986-2371 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington; Spanish MultiDark Consolider Project [CSD2009-00064]; World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan; FIRST program "Subaru Measurements of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe)", CSTP, Japan; JSPS Promotion of Science [15K17600, 16H01089, 23340061, 26610058, 26800093]; MEXT [15H05893, 15K21733, 15H05892]; JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago [PHY-1125897]; University of Tokyo-Princeton strategic partnership grant; Department of Energy Early Career Award program FX Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, the University of Basel, the University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, the University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, the University of Pittsburgh, the University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington.; The CosmoSim database used in this paper is a service by the Leibniz-Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (AIP). The MultiDark database was developed in cooperation with the Spanish MultiDark Consolider Project CSD2009-00064. The MultiDark-Planck II (MDPL2) simulation has been performed in the Supermuc supercomputer at LRZ using time granted by PRACE.; We thank the referee for the positive report and recommendations of additional discussion items. We acknowledge useful discussions with Simon White, Frank van den Bosch, Andrew Hearin, Andrew Zentner, Erik Tollerud, Shigeki Matsumoto, Hitoshi Murayama, Justin Khoury, Mark Trodden, Bhuvnesh Jain, Daisuke Nagai, Uros Seljak, Susmita Adhikari, Xun Shi, and Arka Banerjee. M.T. and S.M. are supported by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan, and by the FIRST program "Subaru Measurements of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe)", CSTP, Japan. S.M., M.T., and M.O. are also supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the JSPS Promotion of Science (No. 15K17600, 16H01089, 23340061, 26610058 and 26800093), MEXT Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 15H05893, 15K21733, 15H05892), and by JSPS Program for Advancing Strategic International Networks to Accelerate the Circulation of Talented Researchers. H.M. is supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Research Fellowships for Young Scientists and by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A.K. was supported by by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through grant PHY-1125897 and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder Fred Kavli. Ry.M. acknowledges financial support from the University of Tokyo-Princeton strategic partnership grant. R.M. acknowledges support from the Department of Energy Early Career Award program. NR 67 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 39 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/39 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000039 ER PT J AU Pan, LB Padoan, P Haugbolle, T Nordlund, A AF Pan, Liubin Padoan, Paolo Haugbolle, Troels Nordlund, Ake TI SUPERNOVA DRIVING. II. COMPRESSIVE RATIO IN MOLECULAR-CLOUD TURBULENCE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: kinematics and dynamics; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); stars: formation; turbulence ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; STAR-FORMATION RATE; MACH NUMBER RELATION; SUPERSONIC ISOTHERMAL TURBULENCE; DENSITY PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTION; ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; DRIVEN TURBULENCE; MAGNETIZED CLOUDS AB The compressibility of molecular cloud (MC) turbulence plays a crucial role in star formation models, because it controls the amplitude and distribution of density fluctuations. The relation between the compressive ratio (the ratio of powers in compressive and solenoidal motions) and the statistics of turbulence has been previously studied systematically only in idealized simulations with random external forces. In this work, we analyze a simulation of large-scale turbulence (250 pc) driven by supernova (SN) explosions that has been shown to yield realistic MC properties. We demonstrate that SN driving results in MC turbulence with a broad lognormal distribution of the compressive ratio, with a mean value approximate to 0.3, lower than the equilibrium value of approximate to 0.5 found in the inertial range of isothermal simulations with random solenoidal driving. We also find that the compressibility of the turbulence is not noticeably affected by gravity, nor are the mean cloud radial (expansion or contraction) and solid-body rotation velocities. Furthermore, the clouds follow a general relation between the rms density and the rms Mach number similar to that of supersonic isothermal turbulence, though with a large scatter, and their average gas density probability density function is described well by a lognormal distribution, with the addition of a high-density power-law tail when self-gravity is included. C1 [Pan, Liubin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Padoan, Paolo] Univ Barcelona, ICREA, IEEC UB, Marti Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Padoan, Paolo] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, IEEC UB, Marti Franques 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Haugbolle, Troels; Nordlund, Ake] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Haugbolle, Troels; Nordlund, Ake] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Pan, LB (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM lpan@cfa.harvard.edu; ppadoan@icc.ub.edu; haugboel@nbi.ku.dk; aake@nbi.ku.dk OI Padoan, Paolo/0000-0002-5055-5800 FU Spanish MINECO [AYA2014-57134-P]; Sapere Aude Starting Grant from The Danish Council for Independent Research; Danish National Research Foundation; University of Copenhagen's programme of excellence FX We acknowledge useful comments by the anonymous referee and discussions with Alexei Kritsuk that helped us improve the manuscript. Computing resources for this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center, by PRACE through a Tier-0 award providing us access to the computing resource SuperMUC based in Germany at the Leibniz Supercomputing Center, and by the Port d'Informacio Cientifica (PIC), Spain, maintained by a collaboration of the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) and the Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas (CIEMAT). PP acknowledges support by the Spanish MINECO under project AYA2014-57134-P. TH is supported by a Sapere Aude Starting Grant from The Danish Council for Independent Research. Research at Centre for Star and Planet Formation was funded by the Danish National Research Foundation and the University of Copenhagen's programme of excellence. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 30 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/30 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000030 ER PT J AU Song, MM Finkelstein, SL Ashby, MLN Grazian, A Lu, Y Papovich, C Salmon, B Somerville, RS Dickinson, M Duncan, K Faber, SM Fazio, GG Ferguson, HC Fontana, A Guo, YC Hathi, N Lee, SK Merlin, E Willner, SP AF Song, Mimi Finkelstein, Steven L. Ashby, Matthew L. N. Grazian, A. Lu, Yu Papovich, Casey Salmon, Brett Somerville, Rachel S. Dickinson, Mark Duncan, K. Faber, Sandy M. Fazio, Giovanni G. Ferguson, Henry C. Fontana, Adriano Guo, Yicheng Hathi, Nimish Lee, Seong-Kook Merlin, Emiliano Willner, S. P. TI THE EVOLUTION OF THE GALAXY STELLAR MASS FUNCTION AT z=4-8: A STEEPENING LOW-MASS-END SLOPE WITH INCREASING REDSHIFT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: luminosity function, mass function ID ULTRA DEEP FIELD; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SIMILAR-TO 8; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; ULTRAVIOLET LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; SURVEY. SURVEY DESIGN; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY AB We present galaxy stellar mass functions (GSMFs) at z = 4-8 from a rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) selected sample of similar to 4500 galaxies, found via photometric redshifts over an area of similar to 280 arcmin(2) in the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS)/Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) fields and the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. The deepest Spitzer/IRAC data to date and the relatively large volume allow us to place a better constraint at both the low- and high-mass ends of the GSMFs compared to previous space-based studies from pre-CANDELS observations. Supplemented by a stacking analysis, we find a linear correlation between the rest-frame UV absolute magnitude at 1500 angstrom (M-UV) and logarithmic stellar mass (log M-*) that holds for galaxies with log(M-*/M-circle dot) less than or similar to 10. We use simulations to validate our method of measuring the slope of the log M-*-M-UV relation, finding that the bias is minimized with a hybrid technique combining photometry of individual bright galaxies with stacked photometry for faint galaxies. The resultant measured slopes do not significantly evolve over z = 4-8, while the normalization of the trend exhibits a weak evolution toward lower masses at higher redshift. We combine the log M-*-M-UV distribution with observed rest-frame UV luminosity functions at each redshift to derive the GSMFs, finding that the low-mass-end slope becomes steeper with increasing redshift from alpha = -1.55(-0.07)(+0.08) at z = 4 to alpha = -2.25(-0.35)(+0.72) at z = 8. The inferred stellar mass density, when integrated over M-* = 10(8)-10(13) M-circle dot, increases by a factor of 10(-2)(+30) between z = 7 and z = 4 and is in good agreement with the time integral of the cosmic star formation rate density. C1 [Song, Mimi; Finkelstein, Steven L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ashby, Matthew L. N.; Fazio, Giovanni G.; Willner, S. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Grazian, A.; Fontana, Adriano; Merlin, Emiliano] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Lu, Yu] Carnegie Inst Sci, Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Papovich, Casey; Salmon, Brett] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Somerville, Rachel S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Dickinson, Mark] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Duncan, K.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Duncan, K.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Faber, Sandy M.; Guo, Yicheng] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, Univ Calif Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ferguson, Henry C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hathi, Nimish] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Lee, Seong-Kook] Seoul Natl Univ, CEOU, Astron Program, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RP Song, MM (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM mmsong@astro.as.utexas.edu RI Hathi, Nimish/J-7092-2014; OI Hathi, Nimish/0000-0001-6145-5090; Salmon, Brett/0000-0002-7453-7279 FU University of Texas at Austin; McDonald Observatory; NASA Astrophysics and Data Analysis Program [NNX13AI50G, NNX15AM02G]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIP) [2008-0060544]; NASA [NAS 5-26555] FX M.S. and S.L.F. acknowledge support from the University of Texas at Austin, the McDonald Observatory, and the NASA Astrophysics and Data Analysis Program through grants NNX13AI50G and NNX15AM02G. S.L. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant, No. 2008-0060544, funded by the Korea government (MSIP). This work is based in part on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555, as well as the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments that improved this paper. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/5 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000005 ER PT J AU Trakhtenbrot, B Civano, F Urry, CM Schawinski, K Marchesi, S Elvis, M Rosario, DJ Suh, H Mejia-Restrepo, JE Simmons, BD Faisst, AL Onodera, M AF Trakhtenbrot, B. Civano, F. Urry, C. Megan Schawinski, K. Marchesi, S. Elvis, M. Rosario, D. J. Suh, H. Mejia-Restrepo, J. E. Simmons, B. D. Faisst, A. L. Onodera, M. TI FAINT COSMOS AGNs AT z similar to 3.3. I. BLACK HOLE PROPERTIES AND CONSTRAINTS ON EARLY BLACK HOLE GROWTH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: supermassive black holes ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; QUASAR LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION-LINE PROPERTIES; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; X-RAY; HIGH-REDSHIFT; XMM-COSMOS AB We present new Keck/MOSFIRE K-band spectroscopy for a sample of 14 faint, X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the COSMOS field. The data cover the spectral region surrounding the broad Balmer emission lines, which enables the estimation of black hole masses (M-BH) and accretion rates (in terms of L/L-Edd). We focus on 10 AGNs at z similar or equal to 3.3, where we observe the H beta spectral region, while for the other four z similar or equal to 2.4 sources we use the H alpha broad emission line. Compared with previous detailed studies of unobscured AGNs at these high redshifts, our sources are fainter by an order of magnitude, corresponding to number densities of order similar to 10(-6)-10(-5) Mpc(-3). The lower AGN luminosities also allow for a robust identification of the host galaxy emission, necessary to obtain reliable intrinsic AGN luminosities, BH masses and accretion rates. We find the AGNs in our sample to be powered by supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with a typical mass of M-BH similar or equal to 5 x 10(8) M-circle dot-significantly lower than the higher-luminosity, rarer quasars reported in earlier studies. The accretion rates are in the range L/L-Edd similar to 0.1-0.4, with an evident lack of sources with lower L/L-Edd (and higher M-BH), as found in several studies of faint AGNs at intermediate redshifts. Based on the early growth expected for the SMBHs in our sample, we argue that a significant population of faint z similar to 5-6 AGNs, with M-BH similar to 10(6) M-circle dot, should be detectable in the deepest X-ray surveys available, but this is not observed. We discuss several possible explanations for the apparent absence of such a population, concluding that the most probable scenario involves an evolution in source obscuration and/or radiative efficiencies. C1 [Trakhtenbrot, B.; Schawinski, K.; Onodera, M.] ETH, Dept Phys, Inst Astron, Wolfgang Pauli Str 27, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Civano, F.; Urry, C. Megan; Marchesi, S.] Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, 260 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Civano, F.; Marchesi, S.; Elvis, M.; Suh, H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Urry, C. Megan] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, POB 208120, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Urry, C. Megan] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, POB 208101, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Marchesi, S.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Bologna, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Rosario, D. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterrestr Phys MPE, Postfach 1312, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Rosario, D. J.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, S Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Suh, H.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Mejia-Restrepo, J. E.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago 1515, Chile. [Simmons, B. D.] Oxford Astrophys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Faisst, A. L.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Faisst, A. L.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Onodera, M.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 650 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Trakhtenbrot, B (reprint author), ETH, Dept Phys, Inst Astron, Wolfgang Pauli Str 27, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. EM benny.trakhtenbrot@phys.ethz.ch OI Suh, Hyewon/0000-0002-2536-1633; Trakhtenbrot, Benny/0000-0002-3683-7297 FU W. M. Keck Foundation; Yale University; European Southern Observatory (ESO) Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory [179.A-2005]; NASA Chandra grant [GO3-14150C, GO3-14150B]; Swiss National Science Foundation [PP00P2_138979/1]; CONICYT-PCHA/doctorado Nacional para extranjeros [2013-63130316]; Swiss National Science Foundation FX We thank the anonymous referee, whose numerous suggestions helped improve the paper. The new MOSFIRE data presented here were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. We are grateful for the support from Yale University that allows access to the Keck telescopes. We thank M. Kassis, L. Rizzi, and the rest of the staff at the W. M. Keck observatories at Waimea, HI, for their support during the observing runs. We recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Some of the analysis presented here is based on data products from observations made with European Southern Observatory (ESO) Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under ESO program ID 179.A-2005 and on data products produced by TERAPIX and the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit on behalf of the UltraVISTA consortium. This work made use of the MATLAB package for astronomy and astrophysics (Ofek 2014). We thank A. Weigel and N. Caplar for beneficial discussions. F.C. and C.M.U. gratefully thank Debra Fine for her support of women in science. This work was supported in part by NASA Chandra grant numbers GO3-14150C and GO3-14150B (F.C., S.M., H.S., M.E.). K.S. gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation Grant PP00P2_138979/1. J.M. acknowledges support for his PhD by CONICYT-PCHA/doctorado Nacional para extranjeros, scholarship 2013-63130316. A.F. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation. NR 133 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/4 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000004 ER PT J AU Wu, JF Orosz, JA McClintock, JE Hasan, I Bailyn, CD Gou, LJ Chen, ZH AF Wu, Jianfeng Orosz, Jerome A. McClintock, Jeffrey E. Hasan, Imran Bailyn, Charles D. Gou, Lijun Chen, Zihan TI THE MASS OF THE BLACK HOLE IN THE X-RAY BINARY NOVA MUSCAE 1991 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; black hole physics; stars: black holes; stars: individual (Nova Muscae 1991, GU Mus); X-rays: binaries ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; DISC INSTABILITY MODEL; GRO J1655-40; LIGHT-CURVE; INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; JET POWER; SPIN; QUIESCENCE; INCLINATION; TRANSIENTS AB The optical counterpart of the black hole soft X-ray transient Nova Muscae 1991 has brightened by Delta V approximate to 0.8 mag since its return to quiescence 23 yr ago. We present the first clear evidence that the brightening of soft X-ray transients in quiescence occurs at a nearly linear rate. This discovery, and our precise determination of the disk component of emission obtained using our simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic data, has allowed us to identify and accurately model archival ellipsoidal light curves of the highest quality. The simultaneity, and the strong constraint it provides on the component of disk emission, is a key element of our work. Based on our analysis of the light curves, and our earlier measurements of the mass function and mass ratio, we have obtained for Nova Muscae 1991 the first accurate estimates of its systemic inclination i = 43.2(-2.7)(+2.1) deg, and black hole mass M = 11.0(-1.4)(+2.1)M(circle dot). Based on our determination of the radius of the secondary, we estimate the distance to be D = 4.95(-0.6)(+0.69) kpc. We discuss the implications of our work for future dynamical studies of black hole soft X-ray transients. C1 [Wu, Jianfeng; McClintock, Jeffrey E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Orosz, Jerome A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Hasan, Imran; Bailyn, Charles D.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, POB 208101, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bailyn, Charles D.] Yale NUS Coll, 6 Coll Ave East, Singapore 138614, Singapore. [Gou, Lijun; Chen, Zihan] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Gou, Lijun; Chen, Zihan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Wu, JF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jianfeng.wu@cfa.harvard.edu OI Wu, Jianfeng/0000-0001-7349-4695 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences from the Strategic Priority Research Program [XDB09000000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11333005]; National Astronomical Observatories of China [Y234031001] FX We thank D. Steeghs, P. Longa-Pena, P. J. Callanan, L. C. Ho, P. G. Jonker, M. T. Reynolds, and M. A. P. Torres for their contributions to this work, which are reported in Paper I. L. J. G. acknowledges the support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences through grant No. XDB09000000 (Emergence of Cosmological Structures) from the Strategic Priority Research Program; of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 11333005); and of the National Astronomical Observatories of China (grant No. Y234031001). NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 46 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/46 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000046 ER PT J AU Zhu, W Novati, SC Gould, A Udalski, A Han, C Shvartzvald, Y Ranc, C Jorgensen, UG Poleski, R Bozza, V Beichman, C Bryden, G Carey, S Gaudi, BS Henderson, CB Pogge, RW Porritt, I Wibking, B Yee, JC Pawlak, M Szymanski, MK Skowron, J Mroz, P Kozlowski, S Wyrzykowski, L Pietrukowicz, P Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Ulaczyk, K Choi, JY Park, H Jung, YK Shin, IG Albrow, MD Park, BG Kim, SL Lee, CU Cha, SM Kim, DJ Lee, Y Friedmann, M Kaspi, S Maoz, D Hundertmark, M Street, RA Tsapras, Y Bramich, DM Cassan, A Dominik, M Bachelet, E Dong, SB Jaimes, RF Horne, K Mao, S Menzies, J Schmidt, R Snodgrass, C Steele, IA Wambsganss, J Skottfelt, J Andersen, MI Burgdorf, MJ Ciceri, S D'Ago, G Evans, DF Gu, SH Hinse, TC Kerins, E Korhonen, H Kuffmeier, M Mancini, L Peixinho, N Popovas, A Rabus, M Rahvar, S Tronsgaard, R Scarpetta, G Southworth, J Surdej, J von Essen, C Wang, YB Wertz, O AF Zhu, Wei Novati, S. Calchi Gould, A. Udalski, A. Han, C. Shvartzvald, Y. Ranc, C. Jorgensen, U. G. Poleski, R. Bozza, V. Beichman, C. Bryden, G. Carey, S. Gaudi, B. S. Henderson, C. B. Pogge, R. W. Porritt, I. Wibking, B. Yee, J. C. Pawlak, M. Szymanski, M. K. Skowron, J. Mroz, P. Kozlowski, S. Wyrzykowski, L. Pietrukowicz, P. Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. Ulaczyk, K. Choi, J. -Y. Park, H. Jung, Y. K. Shin, I. -G. Albrow, M. D. Park, B. -G. Kim, S. -L. Lee, C. -U. Cha, S. -M. Kim, D. -J. Lee, Y. Friedmann, M. Kaspi, S. Maoz, D. Hundertmark, M. Street, R. A. Tsapras, Y. Bramich, D. M. Cassan, A. Dominik, M. Bachelet, E. Dong, Subo Jaimes, R. Figuera Horne, K. Mao, S. Menzies, J. Schmidt, R. Snodgrass, C. Steele, I. A. Wambsganss, J. Skottfelt, J. Andersen, M. I. Burgdorf, M. J. Ciceri, S. D'Ago, G. Evans, D. F. Gu, S. -H. Hinse, T. C. Kerins, E. Korhonen, H. Kuffmeier, M. Mancini, L. Peixinho, N. Popovas, A. Rabus, M. Rahvar, S. Tronsgaard, R. Scarpetta, G. Southworth, J. Surdej, J. von Essen, C. Wang, Y. -B. Wertz, O. CA SPITZER TEAM OGLE GRP KMTNET GRP WISE GRP ROBONET TEAM MINDSTEP GRP TI MASS MEASUREMENTS OF ISOLATED OBJECTS FROM SPACE-BASED MICROLENSING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; gravitational lensing: micro; stars: fundamental parameters ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; PARALLAX SATELLITE MASS; GALACTIC BULGE; SPITZER OBSERVATIONS; PLANET SENSITIVITY; PROPER MOTIONS; OGLE-III; EVENTS; STARS; SYSTEMS AB We report on the mass and distance measurements of two single-lens events from the 2015 Spitzer microlensing campaign. With both finite-source effect and microlens parallax measurements, we find that the lens of OGLE-2015-BLG-1268 is very likely a brown dwarf (BD). Assuming that the source star lies behind the same amount of dust as the Bulge red clump, we find the lens is a 45 +/- 7 M-J BD at 5.9 +/- 1.0 kpc. The lens of of the second event, OGLE-2015-BLG-0763, is a 0.50 +/- 0.04 M-circle dot star at 6.9 +/- 1.0 kpc. We show that the probability to definitively measure the mass of isolated microlenses is dramatically increased once simultaneous ground-and space-based observations are conducted. C1 [Zhu, Wei; Gould, A.; Poleski, R.; Gaudi, B. S.; Henderson, C. B.; Pogge, R. W.; Wibking, B.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi; Beichman, C.; Carey, S.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi; Bozza, V.; Scarpetta, G.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, Via Giovanni Paolo 2, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Novati, S. Calchi; D'Ago, G.] IIASS, Via G Pellegrino 19, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Udalski, A.; Poleski, R.; Pawlak, M.; Szymanski, M. K.; Skowron, J.; Mroz, P.; Kozlowski, S.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Pietrzynski, G.; Soszynski, I.] Univ Warsaw Observ, Al Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Han, C.; Choi, J. -Y.; Park, H.; Jung, Y. K.; Shin, I. -G.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Shvartzvald, Y.; Bryden, G.; Henderson, C. B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Shvartzvald, Y.; Friedmann, M.; Kaspi, S.; Maoz, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Ranc, C.; Cassan, A.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Ranc, C.; Cassan, A.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Hundertmark, M.; Skottfelt, J.; Korhonen, H.; Kuffmeier, M.; Popovas, A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Oster Voldgade 5, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Hundertmark, M.; Skottfelt, J.; Korhonen, H.; Kuffmeier, M.; Popovas, A.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Oster Voldgade 5, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bozza, V.; Scarpetta, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Rome, Italy. [Porritt, I.] Turitea Observ, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ulaczyk, K.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Albrow, M. D.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. [Park, B. -G.; Kim, S. -L.; Lee, C. -U.; Cha, S. -M.; Kim, D. -J.; Lee, Y.; Hinse, T. C.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejon 305348, South Korea. [Cha, S. -M.; Kim, D. -J.] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, South Korea. [Street, R. A.; Bachelet, E.] Las Cumbres Observ, Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Tsapras, Y.; Schmidt, R.; Wambsganss, J.] Univ Heidelberg ZAH, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rechen Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bramich, D. M.; Bachelet, E.] Qatar Fdn, QEERI, HBKU, Doha, Qatar. [Dominik, M.; Jaimes, R. Figuera; Horne, K.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Dong, Subo] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Yi He Yuan Rd 5, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Jaimes, R. Figuera] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Mao, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Menzies, J.] South African Astron Observ, POB 9, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Snodgrass, C.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Planetary & Space Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Steele, I. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Skottfelt, J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Ctr Elect Imaging, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Andersen, M. I.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Juliane Mariesvej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Burgdorf, M. J.] Univ Hamburg, Meteorol Inst, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Ciceri, S.; Mancini, L.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Evans, D. F.; Southworth, J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Gu, S. -H.; Wang, Y. -B.] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observat, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China. [Kerins, E.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Korhonen, H.] Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Peixinho, N.] Univ Antofagasta, Fac Ciencias Basicas, Unidad Astron, Avda U Antofagasta 02800, Antofagasta, Chile. [Peixinho, N.] Univ Coimbra, Astron Observ, CITEUC Ctr Earth & Space Sci Res, P-3030004 Coimbra, Portugal. [Rabus, M.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Rahvar, S.] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Phys, POB 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran. [Tronsgaard, R.; von Essen, C.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Surdej, J.; Wertz, O.] Inst Astrophys & Geophys, Allee 6 Aout 17,Bat B5c, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. RP Zhu, W (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM weizhu@astronomy.ohio-state.edu RI Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; Korhonen, Heidi/E-3065-2016; D'Ago, Giuseppe/N-8318-2016; OI Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Korhonen, Heidi/0000-0003-0529-1161; D'Ago, Giuseppe/0000-0001-9697-7331; ZHU, WEI/0000-0003-4027-4711 FU JPL grant [1500811]; NSF [AST-1516842]; NASA; National Science Centre, Poland [MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121]; Creative Research Initiative Program of National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; KASI grant [2016-1-832-01]; STFC grant [ST/M001296/1]; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Villum Foundation; Gemini-Conicyt Fund [32120036]; Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences; Centre for Star and Planet Formation; NPRP grant from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) [X-019-1-006]; Regione Campania from POR-FSE Campania; Communaute francaise de Belgique' Actions de recherche concertees' Academie universitaire Wallonie-Europe FX Work by WZ, SCN and AG was supported by JPL grant 1500811. WZ and AG also acknowledge support by NSF grant AST-1516842. Work by JCY was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. The Spitzer Team thanks Christopher S. Kochanek for graciously trading us his allocated observing time on the CTIO 1.3m during the Spitzer campaign. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to au. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Work by CH was supported by Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of National Research Foundation of Korea. This research has made the use of the KMTNet telescopes operated by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), and was supported by KASI grant 2016-1-832-01. This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network, which includes three SUPAscopes owned by the University of St Andrews. The RoboNet programme is an LCOGT Key Project using time allocations from the University of St Andrews, LCOGT and the University of Heidelberg together with time on the Liverpool Telescope through the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), UK. This research has made use of the LCOGT Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the Las Cumbres Observatory. KH acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/M001296/1. This project is partly supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. XDB09000000 (SM and SD). MPGH acknowledges support from the Villum Foundation. NP acknowledges funding by the Gemini-Conicyt Fund, allocated to the project No. 32120036. Based on data collected by MiNDSTEp with the Danish 1.54m telescope at the ESO La Silla observatory. Operation of the Danish 1.54m telescope at ESOs La Silla observatory was supported by The Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences, and by Centre for Star and Planet Formation. The MiNDSTEp monitoring campaign is powered by ARTEMiS (Automated Terrestrial Exoplanet Microlensing Search, Dominik et al. 2008). DMB acknowledges support from NPRP grant # X-019-1-006 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). GD acknowledges Regione Campania for support from POR-FSE Campania 2014-2020. OW and JS acknowledge support from the Communaute francaise de Belgique' Actions de recherche concertees' Academie universitaire Wallonie-Europe. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR 60 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/60 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0YD UT WOS:000381930000060 ER PT J AU Tchaicka, L de Freitas, TRO Bager, A Vidal, SL Lucherini, M Iriarte, A Novaro, A Geffen, E Garcez, FS Johnson, WE Wayne, RK Eizirik, E AF Tchaicka, Ligia Ochotorena de Freitas, Thales Renato Bager, Alex Vidal, Stela Luengos Lucherini, Mauro Iriarte, Agustin Novaro, Andres Geffen, Eli Garcez, Fabricio Silva Johnson, Warren E. Wayne, Robert K. Eizirik, Eduardo TI Molecular assessment of the phylogeny and biogeography of a recently diversified endemic group of South American canids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) SO GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mitochondrial DNA control region; Lycalopex; Canidae; Carnivora ID ENDANGERED DARWINS FOX; EVOLUTION; POPULATION; GENETICS; FULVIPES; HYBRIDIZATION; KARYOTYPE; HABITAT; HISTORY; CHILE AB To investigate the evolution and biogeography of an endemic group of South American foxes, we examined mitochondrial DNA control region sequences for 118 individuals belonging to all six extant species of the genus Lycalopex. Phylogenetic and molecular dating analyses supported the inference that this genus has undergone a very recent and rapid radiation, stemming from a common ancestor that lived ca. 1 million years ago. The Brazilian endemic L. vetulus was supported as the most basal species in this genus, whereas the most internal group is comprised by the recently diverged (ca. 350,000 years ago) Andean/Patagonian species L. griseus and L. culpaeus. We discuss the inferred phylogenetic relationships and divergence times in the context of the current geographic distributions of these species, and the likely effects of Pleistocene climatic changes on the biogeography of this group. Furthermore, a remarkable finding was the identification of multiple individuals classified as L. gymnocercus bearing mtDNA haplotypes clearly belonging to L. griseus, sampled in regions where the latter is not known to occur. At a minimum, this result implies the need to clarify the present-day geographic distribution of each of these fox species, while it may also indicate an ongoing hybridization process between them. Future testing of this hypothesis with in-depth analyses of these populations is thus a priority for understanding the history, evolutionary dynamics and present-day composition of this endemic Neotropical genus. C1 [Tchaicka, Ligia] Univ Estadual Maranhao UEMA, CECEN, Dept Quim & Biol, Sao Luis, MA, Brazil. [Ochotorena de Freitas, Thales Renato] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Biociencias, Dept Genet, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Bager, Alex] Univ Fed Lavras UFLA, Dept Biol, Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Vidal, Stela Luengos; Lucherini, Mauro] Univ Nacl Sur, Dept Biol Bioquim & Farm, Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Iriarte, Agustin] Pontificia Univ Catolica, CASEB, Santiago, Chile. [Iriarte, Agustin] Fdn Biodiversitas, Santiago, Chile. [Novaro, Andres] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Neuquen, Argentina. [Novaro, Andres] Wildlife Conservat Soc Argentina, Neuquen, Argentina. [Geffen, Eli] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Zool, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Garcez, Fabricio Silva; Eizirik, Eduardo] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande Sul PUCRS, Fac Biociencias, Lab Biol Genom & Mol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Johnson, Warren E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Wayne, Robert K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Eizirik, Eduardo] Inst Procarnivoros, Atibaia, SP, Brazil. RP Eizirik, E (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Fac Biociencias, Lab Biol Genom & Mol, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM eduardo.eizirik@pucrs.br RI Eizirik, Eduardo/K-8034-2012; Freitas, Thales/G-1160-2012 OI Eizirik, Eduardo/0000-0002-9658-0999; Freitas, Thales/0000-0002-1019-9303 FU Centro Nacional de Pesquisas para a Conservacao de Predadores Naturais - CENAP / ICMBio; Instituto Pro-Carnivoros; CNPq FX The authors wish to thank all the people and institutions listed in the Supplementary data, who provided biological samples used in this study. We are also grateful to Centro Nacional de Pesquisas para a Conservacao de Predadores Naturais - CENAP / ICMBio, Instituto Pro-Carnivoros and CNPq for having supported this project, to Klaus Koepfli for help in data collection and to Lucas Goncalves da Silva for help with the preparation of one of the figures. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 16 PU SOC BRASIL GENETICA PI RIBEIRAO PRET PA RUA CAP ADELMIO NORBET DA SILVA, 736, ALTO DA BOA VISTA, 14025-670 RIBEIRAO PRET, BRAZIL SN 1415-4757 EI 1678-4685 J9 GENET MOL BIOL JI Genet. Mol. Biol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2016 VL 39 IS 3 BP 442 EP 451 DI 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2015-0189 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DU3ZQ UT WOS:000382151700018 PM 27560989 ER PT J AU Pyenson, ND Vermeij, GJ AF Pyenson, Nicholas D. Vermeij, Geerat J. TI The rise of ocean giants: maximum body size in Cenozoic marine mammals as an indicator for productivity in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gigantism; marine mammals; predators; escalation; fossil record ID EVOLUTION; DIVERSITY; SIRENIANS; INSIGHTS; CLIMATE; RECORD; COAST AB Large consumers have ecological influence disproportionate to their abundance, although this influence in food webs depends directly on productivity. Evolutionary patterns at geologic timescales inform expectations about the relationship between consumers and productivity, but it is very difficult to track productivity through time with direct, quantitative measures. Based on previous work that used the maximum body size of Cenozoic marine invertebrate assemblages as a proxy for benthic productivity, we investigated how the maximum body size of Cenozoic marine mammals, in two feeding guilds, evolved over comparable temporal and geographical scales. First, maximal size in marine herbivores remains mostly stable and occupied by two different groups (desmostylians and sirenians) over separate timeframes in the North Pacific Ocean, while sirenians exclusively dominated this ecological mode in the North Atlantic. Second, mysticete whales, which are the largest Cenozoic consumers in the filter feeding guild, remained in the same size range until a Mio-Pliocene onset of cetacean gigantism. Both vertebrate guilds achieved very large size only recently, suggesting that different trophic mechanisms promoting gigantism in the oceans have operated in the Cenozoic than in previous eras. C1 [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Paleontol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Vermeij, Geerat J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Pyenson, ND (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Pyenson, ND (reprint author), Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Paleontol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM pyensonn@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution, its Remington Kellogg Fund; Basis Foundation FX N.D.P. is supported by the Smithsonian Institution, its Remington Kellogg Fund, and the Basis Foundation. All figures are our own. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 11 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 12 IS 7 AR 20160186 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0186 PG 4 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DU7VW UT WOS:000382423700013 ER PT J AU Han, E Curtis, JL Wright, JT AF Han, Eunkyu Curtis, Jason L. Wright, Jason T. TI THE PUTATIVE OLD, NEARBY CLUSTER LODEN 1 DOES NOT EXIST SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE open clusters and associations: general; open clusters and associations: individual (Loden 1) ID AFRICAN LARGE TELESCOPE; FOCUS IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH; STELLAR EVOLUTION; SOLAR-TYPE; NGC 752; STARS; DATABASE; CATALOG AB Astronomers have access to precious few nearby, middle-aged benchmark star clusters. Within 500 pc, there are only NGC 752 and Ruprecht 147 (R147) at 1.5 and 3 Gyr, respectively. The Database for Galactic Open Clusters (WEBDA) also lists Loden 1 as a 2 Gyr cluster at a distance of 360 pc. If this is true, Loden 1 could become a useful benchmark cluster. This work details our investigation of Loden 1. We assembled archival astrometry (PPMXL) and photometry (2MASS, Tycho-2, APASS), and acquired medium resolution spectra for radial velocity measurements with the Robert Stobie Spectrograph at the Southern African Large Telescope. We observed no sign of a cluster main-sequence turnoff or red giant branch among all stars in the field brighter than J < 11. Considering the 29 stars identified by L.O. Loden and listed on SIMBAD as the members of Loden 1, we found no compelling evidence of kinematic clustering in proper motion or radial velocity. Most of these candidates are A stars and red giants, and their observed properties are consistent with distant field stars in the direction of Loden 1 in the Galactic plane. We conclude that the old nearby cluster Loden 1 is neither old, nor nearby, nor a cluster. C1 [Han, Eunkyu; Curtis, Jason L.; Wright, Jason T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Han, Eunkyu; Curtis, Jason L.; Wright, Jason T.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Han, Eunkyu] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Curtis, Jason L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Han, E (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Han, E (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Han, E (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM eunkyuh@bu.edu OI Wright, Jason/0000-0001-6160-5888; Han, Eunkyu/0000-0001-9797-0019 FU National Science Foundation [AST-1211785]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds at Penn State; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under NSF [DGE1255832]; SALT [2013-1-HET-005, 2013-2-HET-003]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; NASAs Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project [NCC5-626]; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund FX Preliminary results were presented by Han et al. (2014). This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1211785, and the Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds at Penn State. J.C. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under NSF grant No. DGE1255832. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are ours and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.; All spectroscopic observations reported in this paper were obtained with SALT, under programs 2013-1-HET-005 (31% complete, PI Jason Curtis) and 2013-2-HET-003 (PI Jason Curtis). We thank SALT's support astronomers and staff for their assistance, especially Petri Vaisanen and Alexei Kniazev.; This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research also made use of the WEBDA database, once operated at the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Vienna, now operated at the Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics of the Masaryk University; NASAs Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services; the SIMBAD database and the VizieR catalog access tool operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; and the VizieR database (Ochsenbein et al. 2000). This research made use of Montage, funded by NASAs Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project, under Cooperative Agreement Number NCC5-626 between NASA and the California Institute of Technology. Montage is maintained by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive. This research was made possible through the use of the AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey (APASS), funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 152 IS 1 AR 7 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/1/7 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS7IF UT WOS:000380956000007 ER PT J AU Johnson, CI Caldwell, N Rich, RM Pilachowski, CA Hsyu, T AF Johnson, Christian I. Caldwell, Nelson Rich, R. Michael Pilachowski, Catherine A. Hsyu, Tiffany TI THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF RED GIANT BRANCH STARS IN THE GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS NGC 6342 AND NGC 6366 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE globular clusters: general; globular clusters: individual (NGC 6342, NGC 6366); stars: abundances ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; NA-O ANTICORRELATION; MILKY-WAY BULGE; MULTIPLE STELLAR POPULATIONS; RESOLUTION INFRARED-SPECTRA; ALPHA ELEMENT ABUNDANCES; COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAMS; HORIZONTAL BRANCHES; ACS SURVEY; METALLICITY DISTRIBUTION AB We present radial velocities and chemical abundances for red giant branch stars in the Galactic bulge globular clusters NGC 6342 and NGC 6366. The velocities and abundances are based on measurements of high-resolution (R greater than or similar to 20,000) spectra obtained with the MMT-Hectochelle and WIYN-Hydra spectrographs. We find that NGC 6342 has a heliocentric radial velocity of +112.5 km s(-1) (sigma = 8.6 km s(-1)), NGC 6366 has a heliocentric radial velocity of -122.3 km s(-1) (sigma = 1.5 km s(-1)), and both clusters have nearly identical metallicities ([Fe/H]approximate to 0.55). NGC 6366 shows evidence of a moderately extended O-Na anti-correlation, but more data are needed for NGC 6342 to determine if this cluster also exhibits the typical O-Na relation likely found in all other Galactic globular clusters. The two clusters are distinguished from similar metallicity field stars as having larger [Na/Fe] spreads and enhanced [La/Fe] ratios, but we find that NGC 6342 and NGC 6366 display alpha and Fe-peak element abundance patterns that are typical of other metal-rich ([Fe/H] > -1) inner Galaxy clusters. However, the median [La/Fe] abundance may vary from cluster-to-cluster. C1 [Johnson, Christian I.; Caldwell, Nelson] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rich, R. Michael] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, 430 Portola Plaza,Box 951547, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Pilachowski, Catherine A.] Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Swain West 319,727 East 3rd St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Hsyu, Tiffany] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Johnson, CI (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cjohnson@cfa.harvard.edu; ncaldwell@cfa.harvard.edu; rmr@astro.ucla.edu; cpilacho@indiana.edu; thsyu@ucsc.edu OI Pilachowski, Catherine/0000-0002-3007-206X FU Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation [AST-1413755, AST-1412673]; National Geographic Society; Sloan Foundation; Samuel Oschin Foundation; Eastman Kodak Corporation; Clay Fellowship; Daniel Kirkwood Research Fund at Indiana University FX This paper uses data products produced by the OIR Telescope Data Center, supported by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This publication has made use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. The Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS-II) was made by the California Institute of Technology with funds from the National Science Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the Sloan Foundation, the Samuel Oschin Foundation, and the Eastman Kodak Corporation. C.I.J. gratefully acknowledges support from the Clay Fellowship, administered by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. R.M.R. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation (AST-1413755 and AST-1412673). C.A.P. gratefully acknowledges support from the Daniel Kirkwood Research Fund at Indiana University and from the National Science Foundation (AST-1412673). NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 152 IS 1 AR 21 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/1/21 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS7IF UT WOS:000380956000021 ER PT J AU Kenyon, SJ Garcia, MR AF Kenyon, Scott J. Garcia, Michael R. TI EG ANDROMEDAE: A NEW ORBIT AND ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE FOR A PHOTOIONIZED WIND SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: spectroscopic; binaries: symbiotic; stars: individual (EG And); stars: winds, outflows ID SYMBIOTIC BINARY STARS; MASS-RADIUS RELATION; SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; COOL COMPONENTS; RECENT PHOTOMETRY; COLLIDING-WINDS; CIRCULAR ORBITS; H-ALPHA; ACCRETION AB We analyze a roughly 20 yr set of spectroscopic observations for the symbiotic binary EG And. Radial velocities derived from echelle spectra are best fit with a circular orbit having an orbital period of P = 483.3 +/- 1.6. days and semi-amplitude K = 7.34 +/- 0.07 km s(-1). Combined with previous data, these observations rule out an elliptical orbit at the 10 sigma level. Equivalent widths of H I Balmer emission lines and various absorption features vary in phase with the orbital period. Relative to the radius of the red giant primary, the apparent size of the H II region is consistent with a model where a hot secondary star with effective temperature T-h approximate to 75,000 K ionizes the wind from the red giant. C1 [Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Garcia, Michael R.] NASA Headquarters, Mail Suite 3Y28,300 E St SW, Washington, DC 20546 USA. RP Kenyon, SJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu; michael.r.garcia@nasa.gov OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 152 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/1/1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS7IF UT WOS:000380956000001 ER PT J AU Lacy, CHS Fekel, FC Pavlovski, K Torres, G Muterspaugh, MW AF Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg Fekel, Francis C. Pavlovski, Kresimir Torres, Guillermo Muterspaugh, Matthew W. TI ABSOLUTE PROPERTIES OF THE PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE ECLIPSING BINARY STAR NP PERSEI SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: individual (NP Per) ID STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS MESA; DISENTANGLED COMPONENT SPECTRA; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; SPECTROSCOPIC BINARY; COMPOSITE SPECTRA; FORMING COMPLEX; O-STAR; EVOLUTION; MODULES; MODEL AB NP Per is a well-detached, 2.2 day eclipsing binary whose components are both pre-main-sequence stars that are still contracting toward the main-sequence phase of evolution. We report extensive photometric and spectroscopic observations with which we have determined their properties accurately. Their surface temperatures are quite different: 6420 +/- 90 K for the larger F5 primary star and 4540 +/- 160 K for the smaller K5e star. Their masses and radii are 1.3207 +/- 0.0087 solar masses and 1.372 +/- 0.013 solar radii for the primary, and 1.0456 +/- 0.0046 solar masses and 1.229 +/- 0.013 solar radii for the secondary. The orbital period is variable over long periods of time. A comparison of the observations with current stellar evolution models from MESA indicates that the stars cannot be fit at a single age: the secondary appears significantly younger than the primary. If the stars are assumed to be coeval and to have the age of the primary (17 Myr), then the secondary is larger and cooler than predicted by current models. The Ha spectral line of the secondary component is completely filled by, presumably, chromospheric emission due to a magnetic activity cycle. C1 [Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Fekel, Francis C.; Muterspaugh, Matthew W.] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Pavlovski, Kresimir] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bijenicka Cesta 32, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Muterspaugh, Matthew W.] Tennessee State Univ, Coll Life & Phys Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. RP Lacy, CHS (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM clacy@uark.edu; fekel@evans.tsuniv.edu; pavlovski@phy.hr; gtorres@cfa.harvard.edu; matthew1@coe.tsuniv.edu OI Fekel, Francis/0000-0002-9413-3896; Lacy, Claud/0000-0002-0455-679X FU NSF [1039522, AST-1509375]; state of Tennessee through Centers of Excellence programs; Croatian Science Foundation [2014-09-8656] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. A. W. (Bill) Neely who operates and maintains the NFO WebScope for the Consortium, and who handles preliminary processing of the images and their distribution. The research at Tennessee State University was made possible by NSF support through grant 1039522 of the Major Research Instrumentation Program. In addition, astronomy at Tennessee State University is supported by the state of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence programs. The work of K.P. has been supported in part by the Croatian Science Foundation under grant 2014-09-8656. We are very grateful to Jieun Choi (Harvard University) for providing the MESA evolutionary models used here and for clarifying some details of those calculations, as well as to Arne Henden (AAVSO) for providing the epoch photometry for NP Per. G.T. acknowledges partial support for this work from NSF grant AST-1509375. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 152 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/1/2 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS7IF UT WOS:000380956000002 ER PT J AU Wittenmyer, RA Liu, F Wang, L Casagrande, L Johnson, JA Tinney, CG AF Wittenmyer, Robert A. Liu, Fan Wang, Liang Casagrande, Luca Johnson, John Asher Tinney, C. G. TI THE PAN-PACIFIC PLANET SEARCH. V. FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS FOR 164 EVOLVED STARS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: fundamental parameters; techniques: spectroscopic ID RELATIVE OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; PRECISE RADIAL-VELOCITIES; ORBITING GIANT STARS; FE-I TRANSITIONS; STELLAR PARAMETERS; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SHANDONG UNIVERSITY; MAIN-SEQUENCE; RED GIANTS AB We present spectroscopic stellar parameters for the complete target list of 164 evolved stars from the Pan-Pacific Planet Search, a five-year radial velocity campaign using the 3.9 m Anglo-Australian Telescope. For 87 of these bright giants, our work represents the first determination of their fundamental parameters. Our results carry typical uncertainties of 100 K, 0.15 dex, and 0.1 dex in T-eff, log g, and [Fe/H] and are consistent with literature values where available. The derived stellar masses have a mean of 1.31(-0.25)(+0.28) M-circle dot, with a tail extending to similar to 2 M-circle dot, consistent with the interpretation of these targets as "retired" A-F type stars. C1 [Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Tinney, C. G.] UNSW Australia, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Tinney, C. G.] UNSW Australia, Australian Ctr Astrobiol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Wittenmyer, Robert A.] Univ Southern Queensland, Computat Engn & Sci Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Liu, Fan; Casagrande, Luca] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Cotter Rd, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Wang, Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Opt Astron, Natl Astron Observ, A20 Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Wang, Liang] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Johnson, John Asher] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wittenmyer, RA (reprint author), UNSW Australia, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.; Wittenmyer, RA (reprint author), UNSW Australia, Australian Ctr Astrobiol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.; Wittenmyer, RA (reprint author), Univ Southern Queensland, Computat Engn & Sci Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. EM rob@unsw.edu.au OI Tinney, Christopher/0000-0002-7595-0970 FU UK and Australian government FX We gratefully acknowledge the UK and Australian government support of the Anglo-Australian Telescope through their PPARC, STFC and DIISR funding, and travel support from the Australian Astronomical Observatory. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System (ADS), and the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. We gratefully acknowledge the efforts of PPPS guest observers Hugh Jones, Brad Carter, and Simon O'Toole. This research has also made use of the Exoplanet Orbit Database and the Exoplanet Data Explorer at exoplanets.org (Wright et al. 2011). NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 152 IS 1 AR 19 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/1/19 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DS7IF UT WOS:000380956000019 ER PT J AU Adamski, D Sohn, JC AF Adamski, David Sohn, Jae-Cheon TI PIGRITIA CROCEA (BRAUN, 1918), NEW COMBINATION (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIOIDEA: BLASTOBASIDAE), TRANSFERRED FROM EXEGETIA BRAUN, 1918, NEW SYNONYMY (YPONOMEUTOIDEA: LYONETIIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE adult morphology; new combination; new synonymy; nomenclature; taxonomy AB Exegetia crocea Braun, 1918, (Yponomeutoidea: Lyonetiidae), type species of Exegetia Braun, 1918, n. syn., is transferred to Pigritia Clemens, 1860 (Gelechioidea: Blastobasidae). Pigritia crocea (Braun, 1918), n. comb., is re-described, and morphological evidence is provided in support of its new generic and familial assignment. A habitus image of the male holotype and illustrations of the male genitalia and wing venation of a conspecific male are included. C1 [Adamski, David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 168,NHB-E526, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Mokpo Natl Univ, Dept Environm Educ, Muan 58554, Jeonnam, South Korea. RP Adamski, D (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 168,NHB-E526, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM adamskid@si.edu; jay.c.sohn@gmail.com FU Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA FX We thank Jason Weintraub, ANSP, for the loan of the holotype of Exegetia crocea, and Peter Oboyski, EME, for the loan of a more recently collected specimen. This research was supported, in part, by a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA, to J.-C. Sohn awarded in 2013. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 325 EP 329 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.325 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS5PP UT WOS:000380834800001 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Copeland, RS AF Buffington, Matthew L. Copeland, Robert S. TI REDESCRIPTION OF HELORUS RUFICORNIS FORSTER (HYMENOPTERA: HELORIDAE), WITH A NEW SYNONYMY AND NEW AFROTROPICAL SPECIMEN RECORDS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE parasitoid; Helorus elgoni; Kenya; Burundi AB Research up to this point has recorded two species of Afrotropical Heloridae: Helorus ruficornis Forster and H. elgoni Risbec. After examining recently collected specimens from Kenya and Burundi, we have been able to better understand intraspecific variation within Helorus ruficornis, and as a result, we hereby synonymize H. elgoni with H. ruficornis, redescribe H. ruficornis, and illustrate the holotype of H. elgoni for the first time. We also discuss new collection records for Afrotropical Heloridae, as well as possible habitat preferences. C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Copeland, Robert S.] ICIPE, POB 30772, Nairobi, Kenya. [Copeland, Robert S.] Natl Museums Kenya, Div Invertebrate Zool, POB 40658, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov; rcopeland@icipe.org FU government of Finland; Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS-USDA FX We thank Dr. Claire Villemont and Miss Agnele Tourney-Albey (Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN)) for assistance with the loan of the holotype of Helorus elgoni, and to Dr. Andrew Bennett (Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada) for the loan of African H. ruficornis. We also thank Taina Litwak (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS-USDA) for the gorgeous digital painting of Helorus ruficornis in Figure 1. We wish to thank the government of Finland for partial funding of our research through a grant to ICIPE (the CHIESA Project; Climate Change Impacts on Ecosystem Services and Food Security in Eastern Africa). Many thanks to the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS), and in particular to Dr Richard Bagine, the KWS Head of Research, for permission to sample in Kenyan national parks and reserves. Thanks also to the director, Kenya Forest Service for permission to sample in the forests of Taita Hills. RSC wishes to thank the director of l'Institut National pour l'Environnement et la Conservation de la Nature (INECN) for permission to sample insects in Burundi. And special thanks to my Burundi colleagues and friends, Benoit Nzigidahera of INECN and Evariste Nkubaye of the Institut des Sciences Agronomiques du Burundi for their great help with the Malaise trap project. Juliet Muruiki provided excellent technical support in the field and in the laboratory. Jackson Kimani of ICIPE's Earth Observation Unit made the excellent map (Figure 19). MLB was supported by the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS-USDA. Dr. Lubomir Masner (CNCI) offered helpful comments in the early portion of this project. Istvan Miko (Pennsylvania State University, USA) and Simon van Noort (Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, RSA) provided reviews that greatly improved this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 330 EP 344 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.330 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS5PP UT WOS:000380834800002 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ AF Gagne, Raymond J. TI A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF CECIDOMYIIDAE (DIPTERA) FROM LEAF BLISTER GALLS ON RIBES (GROSSULARIACEAE) IN NORTH AMERICA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE gall midges; Cecidomyiinae; Lasiopteridi; Holarctic; gooseberry; currant ID MIDGES AB Ribesia sarae Gagne, new genus, new species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is described from simple leaf blister galls on Ribes aureum (Grossulariaceae) from Montana, USA. The female abdomen of Ribesia is superficially similar to that of Cystiphora Kieffer and Sackenomyia Felt. The three genera are compared. Because of strong differences found in their male terminalia it appears that any similarities in the female abdomens are the result of convergence. Sackenomyia ribesifolia Fedotova 1987 from Ribes in Kazakhstan is a new combination in Ribesia. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst MRC 168, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst MRC 168, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 354 EP 362 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.354 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS5PP UT WOS:000380834800004 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ AF Henry, Thomas J. TI A NEW TILLANDSIA-FEEDING SPECIES OF THE ECCRITOTARSINE PLANT BUG GENUS TENTHECORIS (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE: BRYOCORINAE) FROM THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Insect; Hemiptera; new species; adventive; host; South Carolina; United States ID SPANISH MOSS; USNEOIDES; SPIDERS; INSECTS; GENERA AB The new eccritotarsine plant bug, Tenthecoris tillandsiae (Heteroptera: Miridae: Bryocorinae), is described from specimens taken on Spanish moss, Til-landsia usneoides, growing on various deciduous and coniferous trees, in southeastern South Carolina, USA. This species represents the first record of the genus Tenthecoris Scott from the United States and the first host record from a bromeliad. All other species of Tenthecoris (commonly called orchid bugs) having known hosts are associated with orchids (Orchidaceae). The new species is diagnosed, described, and illustrated, including male genitalia, to help distinguish it from other members of the genus. C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 363 EP 372 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.363 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS5PP UT WOS:000380834800005 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, David R. TI NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF SAWFLIES (HYMENOPTERA: ARGIDAE, PERGIDAE, TENTHREDINIDAE) FROM ARIZONA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE new species; new records; Ametastegia; Eustromboceros; Periclista; Stromboceridea AB Zynzus truncatus Smith, n. sp. (Argidae), Acordulecera irwini Smith, n. sp. (Pergidae), and Nematus grahami Smith, n. sp. (Tenthredinidae), are described from southern Arizona. Arizona records for ten other sawfly species of Argidae, Pergidae, and Tenthredinidae from recent collections are given. C1 [Smith, David R.] ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab,Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab,Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 393 EP 403 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.393 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS5PP UT WOS:000380834800009 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Johnston-Jordan, D Buffington, ML AF Talamas, Elijah J. Johnston-Jordan, Dylan Buffington, Matthew L. TI CALLISCELIO ASHMEAD EXPANDS (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Platygastroidea; parasitoid; synonymy; morphology ID PLATYGASTROIDEA; PROCTOTRUPOIDEA AB The generic concept of Calliscelio Ashmead is expanded to include variation in the shape of the metascutellum, the development of propodeal carinae, the presence of an epomial carina, the presence of malar striae, and the position of the toruli on the frons. This expansion follows circumscription of the genus based on the prioniform sensillum on the mandible, a character that is unique within Platygastroidea. We consider the prioniform state of the sensillum to be a synapo-morphy for the genus, and treat Crama Galloway, Lispoteleia Galloway, Xentor Masner and Johnson, and Yunkara Galloway as junior synonyms of Calliscelio; the species of these genera are transferred herein. Calliscelio yunkara Talamas is provided as a replacement name for Yunkara inornata Galloway. A lectotype is designated for Calliscelio albicoxa (Dodd). C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew L.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Johnston-Jordan, Dylan] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM elijah.talamas@ars.usda.gov FU Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS FX We are grateful to: Andy Bennett (CNC), Nicole Fisher (ANIC), and Chris Burwell (QM) for the specimens that made this study posible; Joe Cora (OSUC) for database support; Huayan Chen (OSUC) and Rajmohana Keloth (Zoological Survey of India) for examination of specimens; Lubomir Masner (CNC) for taxonomic input and specimens; Norman Johnson (OSUC) for taxonomic input and photographs of Calliscelio albicoxa; and to Miguel Alonso-Zarazaga (Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain) for nomenclatural advice. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS. The USDA does not endorse any commercial product mentioned in this research. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 404 EP 423 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.404 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS5PP UT WOS:000380834800010 ER PT J AU Perez-Gelabert, DE Floriano, CFB AF Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E. Burguez Floriano, Carla Fernanda TI New Records of the Water Strider Platyvelia brachialis (Stal 1860) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from the Dominican Republic and Haiti, with a Checklist of the West Indian Veliidae SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material ID FAMILIES; INSECTA; GENERA C1 [Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, ITIS, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Burguez Floriano, Carla Fernanda] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Biol Sci, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. [Burguez Floriano, Carla Fernanda] Univ Estadual Paulista, Lab Nacl, Assis, SP, Brazil. [Burguez Floriano, Carla Fernanda] Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Biol Sci, Assis, SP, Brazil. RP Perez-Gelabert, DE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, ITIS, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Perez-Gelabert, DE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM perezd@si.edu; carlla.floriano@gmail.com NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 118 IS 3 BP 471 EP 476 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.3.471 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS5PP UT WOS:000380834800016 ER PT J AU Richardson, DJ McAllister, CT Heaton, AJ Pulis, EE Moser, WE AF Richardson, Dennis J. McAllister, Chris T. Heaton, Andrew J. Pulis, Eric E. Moser, William E. TI Placobdella multilineata Moore, 1953 (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae) from the Gulf Coast Box Turtle, Terrapene carolina major (Agassiz, 1857) (Testudines: Emydidae) in Mississippi, USA SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Placodbella multilineata; Hirudinea; box turtle; Terrapene carolina major; Mississippi ID DISTRIBUTION RECORDS; HOST AB Fourteen individuals of the leech Placobdella niultilineata were found feeding on a Gulf Coast box turtle, Terrapene carolina major, collected in Gulfport, Mississippi, U.S.A., representing a new host and state geographic distribution record. This represents the first vouchered report of a leech from any North American box turtle. C1 [Richardson, Dennis J.] Quinnipiac Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hamden, CT 06518 USA. [McAllister, Chris T.] Eastern Oklahoma State Coll, Div Sci & Math, Idabel, OK 74745 USA. [Heaton, Andrew J.; Pulis, Eric E.] Inst Marine Mammal Studies, POB 207, Gulfport, MS 39502 USA. [Moser, William E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Museum Support Ctr, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Richardson, DJ (reprint author), Quinnipiac Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Hamden, CT 06518 USA. EM dennis.richardson@quinnipiac.edu; cmcallister@se.edu; aheaton@imms.org; epulis@imms.org; moserw@si.edu OI Pulis, Eric/0000-0002-1695-7953 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, ACCT# 141866, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1525-2647 EI 1938-2952 J9 COMP PARASITOL JI Comp. Parasitol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 83 IS 2 BP 272 EP 274 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA DT8WD UT WOS:000381775500020 ER PT J AU Ochyra, R Ireland, RR AF Ochyra, Ryszard Ireland, Robert R. TI Isopterygium tenerifolium (Hypnaceae, Bryophyta) - one more Afro-American disjunct SO HERZOGIA LA English DT Article DE Afro-American mosses; Musci; Neotropics; phytogeography; South Africa; taxonomy ID SOUTH-AMERICA; MOSS GENUS; PLEUROCARPOUS MOSSES; TAXONOMIC REVISION; AFRICA; GRIMMIACEAE; RECORDS; DITRICHACEAE; STRIATIPILA; DIVERSITY AB The original material of Brachythecium rhynchostegioides, an undescribed moss species from southern Africa, was investigated. The material actually represents Isopterygium tenerifolium and this is the first record of this neotropical species in Africa. The global distribution of I. tenerifolium is mapped and Afro-American moss disjuncts are briefly discussed. C1 [Ochyra, Ryszard] Polish Acad Sci, Wladyslaw Szafer Inst Bot, Lab Bryol, Ul Lubicz 46, PL-31512 Krakow, Poland. [Ireland, Robert R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ochyra, R (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Wladyslaw Szafer Inst Bot, Lab Bryol, Ul Lubicz 46, PL-31512 Krakow, Poland. EM IrelandR@si.edu; robroot1100@hotmail.com FU Polish National Centre of Sciences [N N 303 469 338]; Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences FX This work was financially supported by the Polish National Centre of Sciences through grant No. N N 303 469 338 for the senior author and, partly, through the statutory fund of the Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences. We are indebted to the Curators of the herbaria at H and NY for kindly allowing us to study the specimens. Thanks are due to Marian Wysocki, Krakow, for generating the distribution map and to Hans-Joachim Zundorf, Jena, for translating the German abstract. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLAM E V PI HALLE PA BRYOLOGISCH-LICHENOLOGISCHE ARBEITSGEMEINSCHAFT MITTELEUROPA EV, UNIV HALLE-WITTENBERG, NEUWERK 21, HALLE, D-06108, GERMANY SN 0018-0971 J9 HERZOGIA JI Herzogia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 72 EP 78 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DS5KM UT WOS:000380820900006 ER PT J AU Gunasekera, SP Imperial, L Garst, C Ratnayake, R Dang, LH Paul, VJ Luesch, H AF Gunasekera, Sarath P. Imperial, Lorelie Garst, Christiana Ratnayake, Ranjala Dang, Long H. Paul, Valerie J. Luesch, Hendrik TI Caldoramide, a Modified Pentapeptide from the Marine Cyanobacterium Caldora penicillata SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-PRODUCTS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; DOLASTATIN 10; DISCOVERY; DOLABELLA; LARGAZOLE; CANCER AB The isolation, structure determination, and biological activities of a new linear pentapeptide, caldoramide (5), from the marine cyanobacterium Caldora penicillata from Florida are described. Caldoramide (5) has structural similarities to belamide A (4), dolastatin 10 (1), and dolastatin 15 (2). We profiled caldoramide against parental HCT116 colorectal cancer cells and isogenic cells lacking oncogenic KRAS or hypoxia-inducible factors la (HIF-1 alpha) and 2 alpha (HIF-2 alpha). Caldoramide (5) showed differential cytotoxicity for cells containing both oncogenic KRAS and HIF over the corresponding knockout cells. LCMS dereplication indicated the presence of caldoramide (5) in a subset of C. penicillata samples. C1 [Gunasekera, Sarath P.; Garst, Christiana; Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Imperial, Lorelie; Ratnayake, Ranjala; Dang, Long H.; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Imperial, Lorelie; Ratnayake, Ranjala; Dang, Long H.; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Ctr Nat Prod Drug Discovery & Dev CNPD3, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Dang, Long H.] Univ Florida, Dept Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Paul, VJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.; Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.; Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Nat Prod Drug Discovery & Dev CNPD3, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM paul@si.edu; luesch@cop.ufl.edu FU National Institutes of Health, NCI [R01CA172310]; Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science FX This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, NCI grant R01CA172310. Financial support from the Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science supported collection and an internship for C.G. We thank the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University spectroscopy facility for 600 MHz NMR spectrometer time and optical rotation measurements. The high resolution mass spectrometric analysis was performed by the UCR mass spectrometer facility, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside. We are grateful to E. Bartels and the staff at the Mote Tropical Research Laboratory for assistance with collections. E. Bartels also kindly provided the photograph for the TOC graphic. This is contribution number 1036 from the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 EI 1520-6025 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 79 IS 7 BP 1867 EP 1871 DI 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00203 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DS1YZ UT WOS:000380422400023 PM 27380142 ER PT J AU Martin, AA Lin, T Toth, M Westphal, AJ Vicenzi, EP Beeman, J Silver, EH AF Martin, Aiden A. Lin, Ting Toth, Milos Westphal, Andrew J. Vicenzi, Edward P. Beeman, Jeffrey Silver, Eric H. TI Exposure and analysis of microparticles embedded in silica aerogel keystones using NF3-mediated electron beam-induced etching and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMET 81P/WILD 2; TOF-SIMS ANALYSIS; STARDUST AEROGEL; DUST PARTICLES; MICROSCOPY; CRATERS; SPACECRAFT; MINERALOGY; DENSITY; MISSION AB In 2006, NASA's Stardust spacecraft delivered to Earth dust particles collected from the coma of comet 81P/Wild 2, with the goal of furthering the understanding of solar system formation. Stardust cometary samples were collected in a low-density, nanoporous silica aerogel making their study technically challenging. This article demonstrates the identification, exposure, and elemental composition analysis of particles analogous to those collected by NASA's Stardust mission using in-situ SEM techniques. Backscattered electron imaging is shown by experimental observation and Monte Carlo simulation to be suitable for locating particles of a range of sizes relevant to Stardust (down to submicron diameters) embedded within silica aerogel. Selective removal of the silica aerogel encapsulating an embedded particle is performed by cryogenic NF3-mediated electron beam-induced etching. The porous, low-density nature of the aerogel results in an enhanced etch rate compared with solid material, making it an effective, nonmechanical method for the exposure of particles. After exposure, elemental composition of the particle was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy using a high spectral resolution microcalorimeter. Signals from fluorine contamination are shown to correspond to nonremoved silica aerogel and only in residual concentrations. C1 [Martin, Aiden A.; Toth, Milos] Univ Technol, Sch Phys & Adv Mat, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia. [Lin, Ting; Silver, Eric H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Westphal, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vicenzi, Edward P.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA. [Beeman, Jeffrey] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Silver, EH (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM esilver@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNX11AF61Gno1]; FEI Company; John Stocker Postgraduate Scholarship from Science and Industry Endowment Fund FX This work was partly funded by NASA Grant NNX11AF61Gno1 and FEI Company. A.A.M. is the recipient of a John Stocker Postgraduate Scholarship from the Science and Industry Endowment Fund. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 51 IS 7 BP 1223 EP 1232 DI 10.1111/maps.12655 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DS0GU UT WOS:000380274300002 ER PT J AU Nygaard, S Hu, HF Li, C Schiott, M Chen, ZS Yang, ZK Xie, QL Ma, CY Deng, Y Dikow, RB Rabeling, C Nash, DR Wcislo, WT Brady, SG Schultz, TR Zhang, GJ Boomsma, JJ AF Nygaard, Sanne Hu, Haofu Li, Cai Schiott, Morten Chen, Zhensheng Yang, Zhikai Xie, Qiaolin Ma, Chunyu Deng, Yuan Dikow, Rebecca B. Rabeling, Christian Nash, David R. Wcislo, William T. Brady, Sean G. Schultz, Ted R. Zhang, Guojie Boomsma, Jacobus J. TI Reciprocal genomic evolution in the ant-fungus agricultural symbiosis SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; GROWING ANTS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CELL-WALL; TOOL; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE; ALIGNMENT; DEGRADATION; ADAPTATIONS AB The attine ant-fungus agricultural symbiosis evolved over tens of millions of years, producing complex societies with industrial-scale farming analogous to that of humans. Here we document reciprocal shifts in the genomes and transcriptomes of seven fungus-farming ant species and their fungal cultivars. We show that ant subsistence farming probably originated in the early Tertiary (55-60 MYA), followed by further transitions to the farming of fully domesticated cultivars and leaf-cutting, both arising earlier than previously estimated. Evolutionary modifications in the ants include unprecedented rates of genome-wide structural rearrangement, early loss of arginine biosynthesis and positive selection on chitinase pathways. Modifications of fungal cultivars include loss of a key ligninase domain, changes in chitin synthesis and a reduction in carbohydrate-degrading enzymes as the ants gradually transitioned to functional herbivory. In contrast to human farming, increasing dependence on a single cultivar lineage appears to have been essential to the origin of industrial-scale ant agriculture. C1 [Nygaard, Sanne; Schiott, Morten; Nash, David R.; Zhang, Guojie; Boomsma, Jacobus J.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hu, Haofu; Li, Cai; Chen, Zhensheng; Yang, Zhikai; Xie, Qiaolin; Ma, Chunyu; Deng, Yuan; Zhang, Guojie] BGI Shenzhen, China Natl Genbank, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Dikow, Rebecca B.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rabeling, Christian] Univ Rochester, Dept Biol, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Rabeling, Christian; Brady, Sean G.; Schultz, Ted R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. [Zhang, Guojie] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming 650223, Peoples R China. RP Nygaard, S; Zhang, GJ; Boomsma, JJ (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.; Zhang, GJ (reprint author), BGI Shenzhen, China Natl Genbank, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, GJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming 650223, Peoples R China. EM sanne@bio.ku.dk; guojie.zhang@bio.ku.dk; jjboomsma@bio.ku.dk RI Nash, David/B-2916-2009; Boomsma, Jacobus/M-2785-2014; OI Nash, David/0000-0002-0462-6794; Boomsma, Jacobus/0000-0002-3598-1609; Hu, Haofu/0000-0001-8145-3009 FU Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF57]; European Research Council (ERC Advanced grant) [323085]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB13000000]; Smithsonian Office of the Under Secretary for Science; US National Science Foundation [DEB-1456964, DEB-0949689]; US National Museum of Natural History; University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institution Seed Grant FX This study was supported by grants from the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF57) and the European Research Council (ERC Advanced grant 323085) (J.J.B.), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB13000000) (G.Z.), the Smithsonian Office of the Under Secretary for Science (T.R.S., S.G.B. and W.T.W.), the US National Science Foundation DEB-1456964 (C.R. and T.R.S.) and DEB-0949689 (T.R.S.), the US National Museum of Natural History (T.R.S.) and a University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institution Seed Grant (S.G.B. and T.R.S.). The Visitor's Office of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute provided logistic help and facilities to work in Gamboa and the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente y el Mar (ANAM) gave permission to sample and export ants from Panama. NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 17 U2 22 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 7 AR 12233 DI 10.1038/ncomms12233 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DS5PW UT WOS:000380835600001 PM 27436133 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, CT Wcislo, WT Cambra, R Wheeler, TA Fernandez-Marin, H AF Gonzalez, Cely T. Wcislo, William T. Cambra, Roberto Wheeler, Terry A. Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes TI A New Ectoparasitoid Species of Pseudogaurax Malloch, 1915 (Diptera: Chloropidae), Attacking the Fungus-Growing Ant, Apterostigma dentigerum Wheeler, 1925 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE demography; intensity; prevalence; Attini; parasite ID COEVOLUTION; PARASITOIDS; BEHAVIOR; ATTINI AB Fungus-growing ants (Attini) are abundant and diverse, yet only one taxon of flies (Phoridae) and one of wasps (Diapriinae) are known parasitoids, and the biology of most species is not well known. Here we describe the first evidence for an ant parasitoid in the family Chloropidae (Diptera), in which larvae of Pseudogaurax paratolmos Wheeler, new species, parasitize larvae of the ant, Apterostigma dentigerum Wheeler, 1925. Larval flies are solitary ectoparasitoids, each of which attaches to a single ant larva and develops from larva to pupa in similar to 2wk, consuming nearly the entire host, and then ecloses as an adult similar to 1wk later. Overall parasitism prevalence was 6.8% of 203 nests, and flies were active during both the dry and rainy seasons. Intensity of parasitism ranged from 18.2 to 100% of larvae attacked per parasitized nest. No other species of Apterostigma that nested in the same localities were parasitized by the flies, including A. pilosum (Mayr, 1865) (n = 93 nests) and A. auriculatum (Wheeler, 1925) (n = 10 nests). All immature ants, parasitized or not, as well as immature stages of Pseudogaurax paratolmos, were attended by adult ants that exhibited normal brood care behavior, including covering immatures with mycelia, grooming, and maintaining brood in the fungus garden. C1 [Gonzalez, Cely T.; Fernandez-Marin, Hermogenes] Ctr Biodiversidad & Descubrimiento Drogas, Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, POB 0843-01103, Panama City, Panama. [Gonzalez, Cely T.] Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Guntur, India. [Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Cambra, Roberto] Univ Panama, Escuela Biol, Museo Invertebrados GB Fairchild, Panama City, Panama. [Wheeler, Terry A.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Macdonald Campus, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ H9X 3V9, Canada. RP Fernandez-Marin, H (reprint author), Ctr Biodiversidad & Descubrimiento Drogas, Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, POB 0843-01103, Panama City, Panama. EM celytg20@gmail.com; WcisloW@si.edu; cambramiup60@gmail.com; terry.wheeler@mcgill.ca; HFernandez@indicasat.org.pa FU SENACYT doctoral fellowship; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; international SENACYT grants [09-038]; SNI grant; INDICASAT-AIP FX We are grateful to Luis Acosta, Betzi Perez-Ortega, Yuliana Christopher, and Ernesto Bonadies for assistance with nests collection and feeding; thanks to Jorge Ceballos for the SEM photos, and Rita Giovani for helping with Fig. 1. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved the manuscript. Collecting and export permits were issued to R.C. at the Universidad de Panama. This project was supported by SENACYT doctoral fellowship (C.G.), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (W.T.W.), international SENACYT grants 09-038, SNI grant, and general research funds from INDICASAT-AIP (H.F.M.). NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 109 IS 4 BP 639 EP 645 DI 10.1093/aesa/saw023 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DR9MK UT WOS:000380220600013 ER PT J AU Nelson, HR Kuempel, CD Altieri, AH AF Nelson, Hannah R. Kuempel, Caitlin D. Altieri, Andrew H. TI The resilience of reef invertebrate biodiversity to coral mortality SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; coral reefs; ecosystem engineer; foundation species; habitat complexity; habitat degradation ID HABITAT COMPLEXITY; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; PHASE-SHIFTS; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SEAGRASS MEADOWS; TROPHIC CASCADE; TROPICAL REEFS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DEGRADATION AB Foundation species provide many important ecosystem functions including the provision of habitat for diverse communities, but their degradation and mortality has the potential to compromise these roles. Corals are widely recognized foundation species that create reef habitats that are hotspots for biodiversity. However, the impact of global reef degradation on overall patterns of biodiversity remains difficult to predict because of our limited knowledge of mechanistic relationships between reef structure and community composition. We examined the resilience of invertebrate abundance and biodiversity on reefs following a recent coral mass mortality event on the Caribbean coast of Panama. First, we surveyed mobile invertebrate communities at both healthy and degraded reef sites and found that dead coral habitats support invertebrate assemblages that can be more diverse and abundant than live coral habitats and that coral habitat (whether live or dead) in turn supports higher diversity and abundance than structurally simple sand areas without coral. Second, we experimentally tested mechanisms of reef habitat suitability for invertebrate colonization by manipulating coral mortality and structural complexity. We found that the abundance and species richness of mobile invertebrates were significantly affected by substrate complexity rather than whether coral was live or dead. However, we detected shifts in species identity between live and dead coral. Moreover, the sensitivity of the community to reef structural complexity indicates that the ability of degraded coral reefs to sustain invertebrate assemblages is unlikely to persist if declines in reef complexity outpace recovery of living corals to the reef. Our findings suggest that the biodiversity-sustaining function of reefs has the potential to persist following coral disturbance at the scale of entire reefs and that some metrics of community structure are therefore resilient to events of foundation species mortality. C1 [Nelson, Hannah R.; Kuempel, Caitlin D.; Altieri, Andrew H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Nelson, Hannah R.] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Biol, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. [Kuempel, Caitlin D.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Biodivers & Conservat Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Kuempel, Caitlin D.] Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Nelson, HR (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.; Nelson, HR (reprint author), Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Biol, 18111 Nordhoff St, Northridge, CA 91330 USA. EM palindrome.nelson@gmail.com FU Brown International Scholars Program; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Short-Term Fellowships FX We thank S. Harrison and S. Hamilton for their help with fieldwork and identification. Financial support for this research was provided by the Brown International Scholars Program and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Short-Term Fellowships to H. N. and C. K. NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 25 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JUL PY 2016 VL 7 IS 7 AR e01399 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1399 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DR6OF UT WOS:000380020500004 ER PT J AU Ah-King, M Gowaty, PA AF Ah-King, Malin Gowaty, Patricia Adair TI A conceptual review of mate choice: stochastic demography, within-sex phenotypic plasticity, and individual flexibility SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE Adaptive flexibility; choosy; genetic complementarity; indiscriminate; mate choice; OSR; parasite load; switch point theorem ID GUPPY POECILIA-RETICULATA; SPERM COMPETITION RISK; FEMALE WOLF SPIDERS; MALE MATING SUCCESS; POTENTIAL REPRODUCTIVE RATES; MALE PREDATION RISK; IN-FIELD CRICKETS; FRESH-WATER FISH; BUSH-CRICKET; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER AB Mate choice hypotheses usually focus on trait variation of chosen individuals. Recently, mate choice studies have increasingly attended to the environmental circumstances affecting variation in choosers' behavior and choosers' traits. We reviewed the literature on phenotypic plasticity in mate choice with the goal of exploring whether phenotypic plasticity can be interpreted as individual flexibility in the context of the switch point theorem, SPT (Gowaty and Hubbell ). We found >3000 studies; 198 were empirical studies of within-sex phenotypic plasticity, and sixteen showed no evidence of mate choice plasticity. Most studies reported changes from choosy to indiscriminate behavior of subjects. Investigators attributed changes to one or more causes including operational sex ratio, adult sex ratio, potential reproductive rate, predation risk, disease risk, chooser's mating experience, chooser's age, chooser's condition, or chooser's resources. The studies together indicate that choosiness of potential mates is environmentally and socially labile, that is, induced - not fixed - in the choosy sex with results consistent with choosers' intrinsic characteristics or their ecological circumstances mattering more to mate choice than the traits of potential mates. We show that plasticity-associated variables factor into the simpler SPT variables. We propose that it is time to complete the move from questions about within-sex plasticity in the choosy sex to between- and within-individual flexibility in reproductive decision-making of both sexes simultaneously. Currently, unanswered empirical questions are about the force of alternative constraints and opportunities as inducers of individual flexibility in reproductive decision-making, and the ecological, social, and developmental sources of similarities and differences between individuals. To make progress, we need studies (1) of simultaneous and symmetric attention to individual mate preferences and subsequent behavior in both sexes, (2) controlled for within-individual variation in choice behavior as demography changes, and which (3) report effects on fitness from movement of individual's switch points. C1 [Ah-King, Malin] Uppsala Univ, Ctr Gender Res, Box 527, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Ah-King, Malin; Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 621 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ah-King, Malin] Stockholm Univ, Dept Ethnol Hist Relig & Gender Studies, Univ Vagen 10 E, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, DPO, Box 0948,AA 34002-9998, Washington, DC USA. [Gowaty, Patricia Adair] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Gowaty, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 621 Charles E Young Dr South,Box 951606, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM gowaty@eeb.ucla.edu OI Ah-King, Malin/0000-0001-7108-2275 FU Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, UCLA FX Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, UCLA (Grant/Award Number: 'set-up-funds'). NR 240 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 35 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 14 BP 4607 EP 4642 DI 10.1002/ece3.2197 PG 36 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DR6TE UT WOS:000380033400002 PM 27547301 ER PT J AU Dangremond, EM Feller, IC AF Dangremond, Emily M. Feller, Ilka C. TI Precocious reproduction increases at the leading edge of a mangrove range expansion SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Life history; local adaptation; mangrove; range expansion; Rhizophoramangle ID RED MANGROVE; RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE; LIFE-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; GROWTH; POPULATION; FLORIDA; SEEDLINGS; TRAITS AB Climate change-driven shifts in species ranges are ongoing and expected to increase. However, life-history traits may interact with climate to influence species ranges, potentially accelerating or slowing range shifts in response to climate change. Tropical mangroves have expanded their ranges poleward in the last three decades. Here, we report on a shift at the range edge in life-history traits related to reproduction and dispersal. With a common garden experiment and field observations, we show that Rhizophoramangle individuals from northern populations reproduce at a younger age than those from southern populations. In a common garden at the northern range limit, 38% of individuals from the northernmost population were reproductive by age 2, but less than 10% of individuals from the southernmost population were reproductive by the same age, with intermediate amounts of reproduction from intermediate latitudes. Field observations show a similar pattern of younger reproductive individuals toward the northern range limit. We also demonstrate a shift toward larger propagule size in populations at the leading range edge, which may aid seedling growth. The substantial increase in precocious reproduction at the leading edge of the R.mangle range could accelerate population growth and hasten the expansion of mangroves into salt marshes. C1 [Dangremond, Emily M.; Feller, Ilka C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Dangremond, EM (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM dangremondE@si.edu OI Feller, Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX11AO94G]; National Science Foundation [1308565, EF1065821] FX National Aeronautics and Space Administration, (Grant/Award Number: 'NNX11AO94G') National Science Foundation, (Grant/Award Number: '1308565', 'EF1065821'). NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 14 BP 5087 EP 5092 DI 10.1002/ece3.2270 PG 6 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DR6TE UT WOS:000380033400036 PM 27547335 ER PT J AU Abeysekara, AU Archambault, S Archer, A Benbow, W Bird, R Biteau, J Buchovecky, M Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Byrum, K Cardenzana, JV Cerruti, M Chen, X Christiansen, JL Ciupik, L Connolly, MP Cui, W Dickinson, HJ Dumm, J Eisch, JD Errando, M Falcone, A Feng, Q Finley, JP Fleischhack, H Flinders, A Fortin, P Fortson, L Furniss, A Gillanders, GH Griffin, S Grube, J Gyuk, G Huetten, M Hanna, D Holder, J Humensky, TB Johnson, CA Kaaret, P Kar, P Kelley-Hoskins, N Kertzman, M Kieda, D Krause, M Krennrich, F Lang, MJ Maier, G McArthur, S McCann, A Meagher, K Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nieto, D O'Brien, S de Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Otte, AN Park, N Pelassa, V Petrashyk, A Petry, D Pohl, M Popkow, A Pueschel, E Quinn, J Ragan, K Ratliff, G Reyes, LC Reynolds, PT Reynolds, K Richards, GT Roache, E Rulten, C Santander, M Sembroski, GH Shahinyan, K Smith, AW Staszak, D Telezhinsky, I Tucci, JV Tyler, J Vincent, S Wakely, SP Weiner, OM Weinstein, A Wilhelm, A Williams, DA Zitzer, B AF Abeysekara, A. U. Archambault, S. Archer, A. Benbow, W. Bird, R. Biteau, J. Buchovecky, M. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Byrum, K. Cardenzana, J. V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Christiansen, J. L. Ciupik, L. Connolly, M. P. Cui, W. Dickinson, H. J. Dumm, J. Eisch, J. D. Errando, M. Falcone, A. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Fleischhack, H. Flinders, A. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Gillanders, G. H. Griffin, S. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Huetten, M. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Humensky, T. B. Johnson, C. A. Kaaret, P. Kar, P. Kelley-Hoskins, N. Kertzman, M. Kieda, D. Krause, M. Krennrich, F. Lang, M. J. Maier, G. McArthur, S. McCann, A. Meagher, K. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nieto, D. O'Brien, S. de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Pelassa, V. Petrashyk, A. Petry, D. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Pueschel, E. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Ratliff, G. Reyes, L. C. Reynolds, P. T. Reynolds, K. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Rulten, C. Santander, M. Sembroski, G. H. Shahinyan, K. Smith, A. W. Staszak, D. Telezhinsky, I. Tucci, J. V. Tyler, J. Vincent, S. Wakely, S. P. Weiner, O. M. Weinstein, A. Wilhelm, A. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. TI VERITAS and multiwavelength observations of the BL Lacertae object 1ES 1741+196 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; relativistic processes; galaxies: individual: 1ES 1741+196=VER J1744+195 ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY; X-RAY; LAC OBJECTS; SOURCE CATALOG; TEV BLAZARS; TELESCOPE; FERMI; DISCOVERY; SWIFT AB We present results from multiwavelength observations of the BL Lacertae object 1ES 1741 + 196, including results in the very high energy gamma-ray regime using the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). The VERITAS time-averaged spectrum, measured above 180 GeV, is well modelled by a power law with a spectral index of 2.7 +/- 0.7(stat) +/- 0.2(syst). The integral flux above 180 GeV is (3.9 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 1.0(syst)) x 10(-8) m(-2) s(-1), corresponding to 1.6 per cent of the Crab nebula flux on average. The multiwavelength spectral energy distribution of the source suggests that 1ES 1741+196 is an extreme-high-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object. The observations analysed in this paper extend over a period of six years, during which time no strong flares were observed in any band. This analysis is therefore one of the few characterizations of a blazar in a non-flaring state. C1 [Abeysekara, A. U.; Flinders, A.; Kar, P.; Kieda, D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Archambault, S.; Griffin, S.; Hanna, D.; McCann, A.; Ragan, K.; Staszak, D.; Tyler, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Archer, A.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Fortin, P.; Pelassa, V.; Roache, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Bird, R.; O'Brien, S.; Pueschel, E.; Quinn, J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Biteau, J.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Biteau, J.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Buchovecky, M.; Ong, R. A.; Popkow, A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Byrum, K.; Zitzer, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cardenzana, J. V.; Dickinson, H. J.; Eisch, J. D.; Krennrich, F.; Weinstein, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chen, X.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Wilhelm, A.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Chen, X.; Fleischhack, H.; Huetten, M.; Kelley-Hoskins, N.; Krause, M.; Maier, G.; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Vincent, S.; Wilhelm, A.] DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Christiansen, J. L.; Reyes, L. C.; Reynolds, K.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.; Ratliff, G.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Connolly, M. P.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Moriarty, P.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Univ Rd, Galway H91, Ireland. [Cui, W.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; McArthur, S.; Sembroski, G. H.; Tucci, J. V.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dumm, J.; Fortson, L.; Rulten, C.; Shahinyan, K.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Errando, M.; Mukherjee, R.; Santander, M.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Furniss, A.] Calif State Univ East Bay, Dept Phys, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Humensky, T. B.; Nieto, D.; Petrashyk, A.; Weiner, O. M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kaaret, P.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, 837 State St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Park, N.; Wakely, S. P.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Petry, D.] ESO, ALMA Reg Ctr, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Phys Sci, Cork T12, Ireland. [Smith, A. W.] Univ Maryland, NASA GSFC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Christiansen, JL (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA. EM jlchrist@calpoly.edu; elisa.pueschel@ucd.ie OI Pueschel, Elisa/0000-0002-0529-1973; Krause, Maria/0000-0001-7595-0914 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; U.S. National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within 7th European Community FX This research is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, and by NSERC in Canada. This research used computational resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. EP acknowledges the support of a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. We are also grateful to Grant Williams and Daniel Kiminki for their dedication to the operation and support of the Super-LOTIS telescope. The VERITAS Collaboration is grateful to Trevor Weekes for his seminal contributions and leadership in the field of VHE gamma-ray astrophysics, which made this study possible. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 3 BP 2550 EP 2557 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw664 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3ZJ UT WOS:000379840900022 ER PT J AU Hong, S Coutinho, BC Dey, A Barabasi, AL Vogelsberger, M Hernquist, L Gebhardt, K AF Hong, Sungryong Coutinho, Bruno C. Dey, Arjun Barabasi, Albert-L. Vogelsberger, Mark Hernquist, Lars Gebhardt, Karl TI Discriminating topology in galaxy distributions using network analysis SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; large-scale structure of Universe ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; MINKOWSKI FUNCTIONALS; COMPLEX NETWORKS; NON-GAUSSIANITY; ILLUSTRIS PROJECT; BLACK-HOLES AB The large-scale distribution of galaxies is generally analysed using the two-point correlation function. However, this statistic does not capture the topology of the distribution, and it is necessary to resort to higher order correlations to break degeneracies. We demonstrate that an alternate approach using network analysis can discriminate between topologically different distributions that have similar two-point correlations. We investigate two galaxy point distributions, one produced by a cosmological simulation and the other by a Levy walk. For the cosmological simulation, we adopt the redshift z = 0.58 slice from Illustris and select galaxies with stellar masses greater than 10(8) M-circle dot. The two-point correlation function of these simulated galaxies follows a single power law, xi(r) similar to r(-1.5). Then, we generate Levy walks matching the correlation function and abundance with the simulated galaxies. We find that, while the two simulated galaxy point distributions have the same abundance and two-point correlation function, their spatial distributions are very different; most prominently, filamentary structures, absent in Levy fractals. To quantify these missing topologies, we adopt network analysis tools and measure diameter, giant component, and transitivity from networks built by a conventional friends-of-friends recipe with various linking lengths. Unlike the abundance and two-point correlation function, these network quantities reveal a clear separation between the two simulated distributions; therefore, the galaxy distribution simulated by Illustris is not a Levy fractal quantitatively. We find that the described network quantities offer an efficient tool for discriminating topologies and for comparing observed and theoretical distributions. C1 [Hong, Sungryong; Dey, Arjun] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Hong, Sungryong; Gebhardt, Karl] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Coutinho, Bruno C.; Barabasi, Albert-L.] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Complex Network Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Coutinho, Bruno C.; Barabasi, Albert-L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Barabasi, Albert-L.] Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Barabasi, Albert-L.] Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Div Network Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Barabasi, Albert-L.] Cent European Univ, Ctr Network Sci, H-1051 Budapest, Hungary. [Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hong, S (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.; Hong, S (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM shong@astro.as.utexas.edu FU National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO); University of Texas at Austin; NOAO; National Science Foundation; NASA ATP Award [NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX We are grateful to an anonymous referee for comments that have improved this paper. SH's research activities have been supported by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) and the University of Texas at Austin, and AD's by NOAO. NOAO is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. LH is supported by NASA ATP Award NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 3 BP 2690 EP 2700 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw803 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3ZJ UT WOS:000379840900033 ER PT J AU Mullins, AM Loughnane, RM Redman, MP Wiles, B Guegan, N Barrett, J Keto, ER AF Mullins, A. M. Loughnane, R. M. Redman, M. P. Wiles, B. Guegan, N. Barrett, J. Keto, E. R. TI Radiative transfer of HCN: interpreting observations of hyperfine anomalies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE line: profiles; molecular data; opacity; radiative transfer; ISM: molecules; submillimetre: ISM ID COLLISIONAL RATE COEFFICIENTS; ROTATIONAL-EXCITATION; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; STARLESS CORES; MOLECULAR GAS; FREEZE-OUT; LINE; HNC; EMISSION; NH3 AB Molecules with hyperfine splitting of their rotational line spectra are useful probes of optical depth, via the relative line strengths of their hyperfine components. The hyperfine splitting is particularly advantageous in interpreting the physical conditions of the emitting gas because with a second rotational transition, both gas density and temperature can be derived. For HCN however, the relative strengths of the hyperfine lines are anomalous. They appear in ratios which can vary significantly from source to source, and are inconsistent with local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). This is the HCN hyperfine anomaly, and it prevents the use of simple LTE models of HCN emission to derive reliable optical depths. In this paper, we demonstrate how to model HCN hyperfine line emission, and derive accurate line ratios, spectral line shapes and optical depths. We show that by carrying out radiative transfer calculations over each hyperfine level individually, as opposed to summing them over each rotational level, the anomalous hyperfine emission emerges naturally. To do this requires not only accurate radiative rates between hyperfine states, but also accurate collisional rates. We investigate the effects of different sets of hyperfine collisional rates, derived via the proportional method and through direct recoupling calculations. Through an extensive parameter sweep over typical low-mass star-forming conditions, we show the HCN line ratios to be highly variable to optical depth. We also reproduce an observed effect whereby the red-blue asymmetry of the hyperfine lines (an infall signature) switches sense within a single rotational transition. C1 [Mullins, A. M.; Loughnane, R. M.; Redman, M. P.; Wiles, B.; Guegan, N.; Barrett, J.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Ctr Astron, Galway, Ireland. [Loughnane, R. M.] UNAM, Insitiuto Radiostron & Astrofis, Apartado Postal 72-3 Xangari, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Keto, E. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 160 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02420 USA. [Keto, E. R.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Mullins, AM (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Ctr Astron, Galway, Ireland. EM aonghus.mullins@gmail.com; r.loughnane@crya.unam.mx OI Mullins, Aonghus/0000-0002-1996-6847 FU Irish Research Council EMBARK fellowship scheme; DGAPA-UNAM FX AMM acknowledges the support of the Irish Research Council EMBARK fellowship scheme, under whose funding this work took place. RML acknowledges financial support from DGAPA-UNAM through a postdoctoral fellowship. We thank the referee for suggesting carrying out a comparison between different collisional rate coefficients, which has lead to an improved paper. We would also like to acknowledge useful discussions with S. Lizano, J. Sheahan, A. Ginsburg, D. Thornton, J.M.C. Rawlings, F. Lique, J. Tennyson, S. Viti, and D.A. Williams. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 3 BP 2882 EP 2892 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw835 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3ZJ UT WOS:000379840900046 ER PT J AU Franzen, TMO Jackson, CA Offringa, AR Ekers, RD Wayth, RB Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Deshpande, AA Gaensler, BM Greenhill, LJ Hazelton, BJ Johnston-Hollitt, M Kaplan, DL Lonsdale, CJ McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Morgan, J Oberoi, D Ord, SM Prabu, T Seymour, N Shankar, NU Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Tingay, SJ Trott, CM Webster, RL Williams, A Williams, CL AF Franzen, T. M. O. Jackson, C. A. Offringa, A. R. Ekers, R. D. Wayth, R. B. Bernardi, G. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Deshpande, A. A. Gaensler, B. M. Greenhill, L. J. Hazelton, B. J. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Kaplan, D. L. Lonsdale, C. J. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Morgan, J. Oberoi, D. Ord, S. M. Prabu, T. Seymour, N. Shankar, N. Udaya Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Tingay, S. J. Trott, C. M. Webster, R. L. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. TI The 154 MHz radio sky observed by the Murchison Widefield Array: noise, confusion, and first source count analyses SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; catalogues; surveys; galaxies: active; radio continuum: galaxies ID 21 CM EPOCH; BOOTES FIELD; DEEP SURVEY; REIONIZATION; CATALOG; LOFAR; I.; FOREGROUNDS; SPECTRA; LIMITS AB We analyse a 154 MHz image made from a 12 h observation with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) to determine the noise contribution and behaviour of the source counts down to 30 mJy. The MWA image has a bandwidth of 30.72 MHz, a field-of-view within the half-power contour of the primary beam of 570 deg(2), a resolution of 2.3 arcmin and contains 13 458 sources above 5 sigma. The rms noise in the centre of the image is 4-5 mJy beam(-1). The MWA counts are in excellent agreement with counts from other instruments and are the most precise ever derived in the flux density range 30-200 mJy due to the sky area covered. Using the deepest available source count data, we find that the MWA image is affected by sidelobe confusion noise at the approximate to 3.5 mJy beam(-1) level, due to incompletely peeled and out-of-image sources, and classical confusion becomes apparent at approximate to 1.7 mJy beam(-1). This work highlights that (i) further improvements in ionospheric calibration and deconvolution imaging techniques would be required to probe to the classical confusion limit and (ii) the shape of low-frequency source counts, including any flattening towards lower flux densities, must be determined from deeper approximate to 150 MHz surveys as it cannot be directly inferred from higher frequency data. C1 [Franzen, T. M. O.; Jackson, C. A.; Ekers, R. D.; Wayth, R. B.; Morgan, J.; Ord, S. M.; Seymour, N.; Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Jackson, C. A.; Ekers, R. D.; Wayth, R. B.; Briggs, F.; Gaensler, B. M.; Mitchell, D. A.; Ord, S. M.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Webster, R. L.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Redfern, NSW 2016, Australia. [Offringa, A. R.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, 3rd Floor,Pk Rd, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bowman, J. D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Briggs, F.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Deshpande, A. A.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Mitchell, D. A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci CASS, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Morgan, E.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Webster, R. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Franzen, TMO (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. EM thomas.franzen@curtin.edu.au RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Seymour, Nicholas/0000-0003-3506-5536 FU Department of Science, Office of Premier and Cabinet, WA through the Western Australian Fellowship Programme; US National Science Foundation [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council (LIEF) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington via New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development [MED-E1799]; Victoria University of Wellington (via IBM Shared University Research Grant); Australian Federal government via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO); National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Education Investment Fund; Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; NVIDIA at Harvard University; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR); Joint Venture of Curtin University; University of Western Australia - Western Australian State government FX This work makes use of the Murchison Radioastronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. We thank the anonymous referee for their suggestions, which have improved this paper. CAJ thanks the Department of Science, Office of Premier and Cabinet, WA for their support through the Western Australian Fellowship Programme. Support for the MWA comes from the US National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 3 BP 3314 EP 3325 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw823 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DR3ZJ UT WOS:000379840900078 ER PT J AU Zhou, JZ Deng, Y Shen, LN Wen, CQ Yan, QY Ning, DL Qin, YJ Xue, K Wu, LY He, ZL Voordeckers, JW Van Nostrand, JD Buzzard, V Michaletz, ST Enquist, BJ Weiser, MD Kaspari, M Waide, R Yang, YF Brown, JH AF Zhou, Jizhong Deng, Ye Shen, Lina Wen, Chongqing Yan, Qingyun Ning, Daliang Qin, Yujia Xue, Kai Wu, Liyou He, Zhili Voordeckers, James W. Van Nostrand, Joy D. Buzzard, Vanessa Michaletz, Sean T. Enquist, Brian J. Weiser, Michael D. Kaspari, Michael Waide, Robert Yang, Yunfeng Brown, James H. TI Temperature mediates continental-scale diversity of microbes in forest soils SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; METABOLIC THEORY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LATITUDINAL GRADIENTS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM; ECOLOGY; BIOGEOGRAPHY; SEQUENCES AB Climate warming is increasingly leading to marked changes in plant and animal biodiversity, but it remains unclear how temperatures affect microbial biodiversity, particularly in terrestrial soils. Here we show that, in accordance with metabolic theory of ecology, taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of soil bacteria, fungi and nitrogen fixers are all better predicted by variation in environmental temperature than pH. However, the rates of diversity turnover across the global temperature gradients are substantially lower than those recorded for trees and animals, suggesting that the diversity of plant, animal and soil microbial communities show differential responses to climate change. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that the diversity of different microbial groups has significantly lower rates of turnover across temperature gradients than other major taxa, which has important implications for assessing the effects of human-caused changes in climate, land use and other factors. C1 [Zhou, Jizhong; Yang, Yunfeng] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Jizhong; Deng, Ye; Shen, Lina; Wen, Chongqing; Yan, Qingyun; Ning, Daliang; Qin, Yujia; Xue, Kai; Wu, Liyou; He, Zhili; Voordeckers, James W.; Van Nostrand, Joy D.] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong; Deng, Ye; Shen, Lina; Wen, Chongqing; Yan, Qingyun; Ning, Daliang; Qin, Yujia; Xue, Kai; Wu, Liyou; He, Zhili; Voordeckers, James W.; Van Nostrand, Joy D.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. [Deng, Ye] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, Key Lab Environm Biotechnol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. [Buzzard, Vanessa; Michaletz, Sean T.; Enquist, Brian J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] Santa Fe Inst, 1399 Hyde Pk Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Weiser, Michael D.; Kaspari, Michael] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, EEB Grad Program, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kaspari, Michael] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Panama. [Waide, Robert; Brown, James H.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.; Zhou, JZ; Deng, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Zhou, JZ; Deng, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA.; Deng, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, Key Lab Environm Biotechnol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. EM jzhou@ou.edu; yedeng@rcees.ac.cn OI ?, ?/0000-0002-7584-0632 FU U.S. National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology program [NSF EF-1065844]; Office of the Vice President for Research at the University of Oklahoma; Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality at the Tsinghua University; National Science Foundation of China [41430856]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31540071]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) [XDB15010302]; CAS 100 talent program FX This study was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology program under the contract (NSF EF-1065844), by the Office of the Vice President for Research at the University of Oklahoma, by the Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality at the Tsinghua University and the National Science Foundation of China (41430856). Y.D. was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31540071), Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS; grant XDB15010302) and CAS 100 talent program. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 62 U2 96 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 7 AR 12083 DI 10.1038/ncomms12083 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DR6YE UT WOS:000380046400001 PM 27377774 ER PT J AU McLinden, CA Fioletov, V Shephard, MW Krotkov, N Li, C Martin, RV Moran, MD Joiner, J AF McLinden, Chris A. Fioletov, Vitali Shephard, Mark W. Krotkov, Nick Li, Can Martin, Randall V. Moran, Michael D. Joiner, Joanna TI Space-based detection of missing sulfur dioxide sources of global air pollution SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; SATELLITE RETRIEVALS; EMISSIONS; SO2; NO2; OMI; ALGORITHM; LIFETIMES; COMPONENT AB Sulfur dioxide is designated a criteria air contaminant (or equivalent) by virtually all developed nations. When released into the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide forms sulfuric acid and fine particulate matter, secondary pollutants(1) that have significant adverse effects on human health(2-5), the environment1 and the economy(5). The conventional, bottom-up emissions inventories used to assess impacts, however, are often incomplete or outdated, particularly for developing nations that lack comprehensive emission reporting requirements and infrastructure. Here we present a satellite-based, global emission inventory for SO2 that is derived through a simultaneous detection, mapping and emission-quantifying procedure, and thereby independent of conventional information sources. We find that of the 500 or so large sources in our inventory, nearly 40 are not captured in leading conventional inventories. These missing sources are scattered throughout the developing world-over a third are clustered around the Persian Gulf-and add up to 7 to 14 Tg of SO2 yr(-1), or roughly 6-12% of the global anthropogenic source. Our estimates of national total emissions are generally in line with conventional numbers, but for some regions, and for SO2 emissions from volcanoes, discrepancies can be as large as a factor of three or more. We anticipate that our inventory will help eliminate gaps in bottom-up inventories, independent of geopolitical borders and source types. C1 [McLinden, Chris A.; Fioletov, Vitali; Shephard, Mark W.; Moran, Michael D.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Krotkov, Nick; Li, Can; Joiner, Joanna] NASA, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Li, Can] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP McLinden, CA (reprint author), Environm & Climate Change Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. EM chris.mclinden@canada.ca RI Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; OI Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750; Fioletov, Vitali/0000-0002-2731-5956 FU Environment and Climate Change Canada; NASA FX R.V.M. was supported by Environment and Climate Change Canada. N.K., C.L. and J.J. acknowledge NASA funding through the Aura science team programme for OMI SO2 product development and analysis. The Dutch-Finnish-built OMI instrument is part of the NASA's EOS Aura satellite payload. The OMI project is managed by KNMI and the Netherlands Space Office (NSO). The authors acknowledge ECMWF for the provision of their ERA-interim reanalysis data. C.A.M. thanks H. Morrison for commenting on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 13 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 EI 1752-0908 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 9 IS 7 BP 496 EP + DI 10.1038/NGEO2724 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DR3SV UT WOS:000379823800010 ER PT J AU Rytter, W Shik, JZ AF Rytter, Winnie Shik, Jonathan Zvi TI Liquid foraging behaviour in leafcutting ants: the lunchbox hypothesis SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE ant colony; attine; optimal foraging theory; proventriculus; social stomach ID LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; ATTA-CEPHALOTES L; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; CUTTER ANTS; ATTINI; FUNGUS; WORKERS; PLANT; CASTE; SIZE AB Optimal foraging theory makes clear predictions about the benefits of maximizing energetic returns per unit of foraging effort. However, predictions become less clear when animals belong to symbioses that would be destabilized by such foraging decisions. For instance, leafcutter ants are dominant herbivores in Neotropical ecosystems that harvest fresh vegetation and convert it into compost used to cultivate specialized fungus for food. Individual foragers have long been assumed to supplement their fungal diets by harvesting liquid nectar outside the symbiosis, although this has not been demonstrated in the field, and would probably destabilize the fine-tuned farming systems. By dissecting liquid storage organs in foragers of four sympatric Panamanian leafcutter ant species we found that liquid foraging is not a general strategy in the field. Moreover, while over 40% of these foragers returned to their nests without leaf fragments, these unladen ants were not more likely to carry liquids. Instead, we found support for a newly formulated 'lunchbox hypothesis' because most workers exited nests for foraging trips with midguts full of liquids that were depleted (assimilated and transferred to hindguts) if workers returned with a leaf fragment in the field or transported a load in laboratory experiments. Thus, in contrast to the destabilizing effects of external nectar foraging, these results provide a novel mechanism promoting symbiotic stability, as fungi provide fuel for foragers to harvest more substrate for fungal crop production. (C) 2016 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rytter, Winnie; Shik, Jonathan Zvi] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Shik, Jonathan Zvi] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. RP Rytter, W (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM winnie.rn@hotmail.com FU Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program; Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship [327940] FX We thank Sami Schar and Consuelo Arellano for statistical advice. For assistance in Panama, we thank Rachelle Adams, Jacobus Boomsma and all students attending the Graduate Course in Tropical Behavioral Ecology and Evolution (hosted by the Centre for Social Evolution and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute). Rasmus Stenbak Larsen provided assistance with ant imaging. J. Boomsma and Tabitha Innocent provided valuable comments on the manuscript. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) provided critical support and use of facilities in Gamboa, and the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente y el Mar (ANAM) provided permission to sample ants in Panama and export samples to Denmark. J.Z.S. was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution Competitive Grants Program, and by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship (327940 INSEAME). We also thank antweb.org for use of ant images. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 117 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.04.022 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA DQ5IM UT WOS:000379238600021 ER PT J AU Gkouvelis, L Fabregat, J Zorec, J Steeghs, D Drew, JE Raddi, R Wright, NJ Drake, JJ AF Gkouvelis, L. Fabregat, J. Zorec, J. Steeghs, D. Drew, J. E. Raddi, R. Wright, N. J. Drake, J. J. TI Physical parameters of IPHAS-selected classical Be stars I. Determination procedure and evaluation of the results SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: early-type; stars: emission-line, Be; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: distances; Galaxy: structure; techniques: spectroscopic ID NORTHERN GALACTIC PLANE; VISUAL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC BEHAVIOR; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; HIPPARCOS PHOTOMETRY; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; BETA PHOTOMETRY; VARIABLE-STARS; CALIBRATION; STELLAR; VARIABILITY AB We present a semi-automatic procedure to obtain fundamental physical parameters and distances of classical Be (CBe) stars, based on the Barbier-Chalonge-Divan (BCD) spectrophotometric system. Our aim is to apply this procedure to a large sample of CBe stars detected by the IPHAS photometric survey, to determine their fundamental physical parameters and to explore their suitability as galactic structure tracers. In this paper we describe the methodology used and the validation of the procedure by comparing our results with those obtained from different independent astrophysical techniques for subsamples of stars in common with other studies. We also present a test case study of the galactic structure in the direction of the Perseus Galactic Arm, in order to compare our results with others recently obtained with different techniques and the same sample of stars. We did not find any significant clustering of stars at the expected positions of the Perseus and Outer Galactic Arms, in agreement with previous studies in the same area that we used for verification. C1 [Gkouvelis, L.; Fabregat, J.] Univ Valencia, Observ Astron, Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, Paterna 46980, Spain. [Zorec, J.] Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Bd, F-75014 Paris, France. [Zorec, J.] Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Steeghs, D.; Raddi, R.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Drew, J. E.; Wright, N. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, STRI, Coll Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Drake, J. J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gkouvelis, L (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Observ Astron, Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, Paterna 46980, Spain. EM leonardo.gkouvelis@uv.es RI Fabregat, Juan/F-9066-2016; OI Fabregat, Juan/0000-0002-5986-9347; Raddi, Roberto/0000-0002-9090-9191; Drew, Janet/0000-0003-1192-7082 FU Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; FEDER [AYA2010-18352, AYA2013-48623-C2-2-P]; Generalitat Valenciana [PROMETEOII/2014/060]; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP)/ERC Grant [320964]; Royal Astronomical Society fellowship FX This paper made use of spectroscopic data that were obtained at the FLWO-1.5 m with FAST, which is operated by Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics. In particular we want to thank Perry Berlind and Mike Calkins for their role in obtaining most of the FLWO-1.5 m/FAST data. The paper also makes use of data obtained as part of the INT Photometric H alpha Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS) carried out at the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT). The INT is operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. All IPHAS data are processed by the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit, at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge. We also acknowledge the use of data obtained at the INT and the Nordic Optical Telescope as part of a CCI International Time Programme. The work of L.G. and J.F. is supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, and FEDER, under contracts AYA2010-18352 and AYA2013-48623-C2-2-P, and by the Generalitat Valenciana project of excellence PROMETEOII/2014/060. R.R. received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. 320964 (WDTracer). N.J.W. was supported by a Royal Astronomical Society fellowship. Finally, we are grateful to Dr. Pablo Reig for his assistance in the classification in the MK system. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 591 AR A140 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527090 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ3YZ UT WOS:000379141300149 ER PT J AU Mancuso, S Giordano, S Raymond, JC AF Mancuso, S. Giordano, S. Raymond, J. C. TI Coronal O VI emission observed with UVCS/SOHO during solar flares: Comparison with soft X-ray observations SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: flares; Sun: UV radiation ID TRANSITION REGION EMISSION; AN ATOMIC DATABASE; CHROMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION; DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; MOMENTUM BALANCE; IMPULSIVE PHASE; MASS EJECTIONS; CHIANTI AB In this work, we derive the O VI 1032 angstrom luminosity profiles of 58 flares, during their impulsive phase, based on off-limb measurements by the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) aboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). The O VI luminosities from the transition region plasma (here defined as the region with temperatures 5.0 <= log T (K) <= 6.0) were inferred from the analysis of the resonantly scattered radiation of the O VI coronal ions. The temperature of maximum ionization for O VI is log T-max (K) = 5.47. By comparison with simultaneous soft X-ray measurements, we investigate the likely source (chromospheric evaporation, footpoint emission, or heated prominence ejecta) for the transition region emission observed during the impulsive phase. In our study, we find evidence of the main characteristics predicted by the evaporation scenario. Specifically, most O VI flares precede the X-ray peaks typically by several minutes with a mean of 3.2 +/- 0.1 min, and clear correlations are found between the soft X-ray and transition region luminosities following power laws with indices similar to 0.7 +/- 0.3. Overall, the results are consistent with transition region emission originating from chromospheric evaporation; the thermal X-ray emission peaks after the emission from the evaporation flow as the loops fill with hot plasma. Finally, we were able to infer flow speeds in the range similar to 20-100 km s(-1) for one-third of the events, 14 of which showed speeds between 60 and 80 km s(-1). These values are compatible with those found through direct spectroscopic observations at transition region temperatures by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on board Hinode. C1 [Mancuso, S.; Giordano, S.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Raymond, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 50, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mancuso, S (reprint author), Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. EM mancuso@oato.inaf.it NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 591 AR A4 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527036 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ3YZ UT WOS:000379141300013 ER PT J AU Papadakis, IE Nicastro, F Panagiotou, C AF Papadakis, I. E. Nicastro, F. Panagiotou, C. TI Modelling the variable broad-band optical/UV/X-ray spectrum of PG1211+143: implications for the ionized outflow SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: Seyfert; quasars: individual: PG1211+134; X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; SEYFERT 1 GALAXIES; X-RAY; ACCRETION DISKS; WARM ABSORBERS; LINE REGION; EMISSION; VARIABILITY; IONIZATION AB Context. We present the results from a detailed analysis of the 2007 Swift monitoring campaign of the quasar PG1211+143. Aims. We study its broad-band optical/UV-X-ray spectral energy distribution and its variations, with the use of physically motivated models. Methods. We constructed broad-band, optical/UV-X-ray spectral energy distributions over three X-ray flux intervals, and we fitted them with a model which accounts for the disc and the X-ray coronal emission. We also added a spectral model component to account for the presence of the warm absorber which has been well established from past observations of the source. Results. We detected no optical/UV variations over the two-month period of the monitoring campaign. On the other hand, the X-rays are highly variable in a correlated way in the soft and hard X-ray bands with an amplitude larger than has been commonly observed in nearby Seyferts, even on longer time scales. The three flux spectra are well fitted by the model we considered. The disc inner temperature remains constant at similar to 2 eV, while X-rays are variable in slope and normalization. The absorber covers almost 90% of the central source. It is outflowing with a velocity less than 2.3 x 10(4) km s(-1) (3 sigma upper limit), and has a column density of log N-H similar to 23.2. Its ionization parameter varies by a factor of 1.6, and it is in photo-ionizing equilibrium with the ionizing flux. It is located at a distance of less than 0.35 pc from the central source, and its relative thickness, Delta R/R, is less than 0.1. The absorber's ionization parameter variations can explain the larger than average amplitude of the X-ray variations. Conclusions. The absence of optical/UV variations are consistent with the high black hole mass estimate of similar to 10(8) M-circle dot for this object, which implies variability time scales longer than the period of the Swift observations. It argues against the presence of inward propagating fluctuations in the disc as the reason for the flux variability in this source and against the hypothesis that X-ray illumination singificantly affects the disc emission. This is consistent with the low ratio of X-ray over the bolometric luminosity of similar to 20-35 in this source. Based on the properties of the ionized outflow, we estimate an upper limit for the mass outflow of similar to 5 M-circle dot per year, which is similar to 2.3 times the Eddington mass accretion rate for PG1211+143. If the outflow rate is indeed that high, then it must be a short-lived episode in the quasar's life time. Finally, we estimate an upper limit for the kinetic power of the outflow of similar to 1.4 x 10(43) ergs s(-1). As a result, the outflow cannot deploy significant mechanical energy to the surrounding ISM of the quasar's host galaxy, but is sufficient to heat the ISM to 10(7) K and to produce a fast decline to the star formation rate of the galaxy. C1 [Papadakis, I. E.; Nicastro, F.; Panagiotou, C.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, POB 2208, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Papadakis, I. E.; Nicastro, F.; Panagiotou, C.] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, POB 2208, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Papadakis, I. E.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Nicastro, F.] Osservatorio Astron Roma INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy. [Nicastro, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Papadakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Crete, Dept Phys, POB 2208, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece.; Papadakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, POB 2208, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece.; Papadakis, IE (reprint author), Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, IESL, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. EM jhep@physics.uoc.gr RI Papadakis, Iossif/C-3235-2011 FU "AGNQUEST" project under the "Aristeia II" Action of the "Education and lifelong Learning" operational programme of the GSRT, Greece FX This work was supported by the "AGNQUEST" project, which is implemented under the "Aristeia II" Action of the "Education and lifelong Learning" operational programme of the GSRT, Greece. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 591 AR A102 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527497 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ3YZ UT WOS:000379141300111 ER PT J AU Salinas, VN Hogerheijde, MR Bergin, EA Cleeves, LI Brinch, C Blake, GA Lis, DC Melnick, GJ Panic, O Pearson, JC Kristensen, L Yildiz, UA van Dishoeck, EF AF Salinas, Vachail N. Hogerheijde, Michiel R. Bergin, Edwin A. Cleeves, L. Ilsedore Brinch, Christian Blake, Geoffrey A. Lis, Dariusz C. Melnick, Gary J. Panic, Olja Pearson, John C. Kristensen, Lars Yildiz, Umut A. van Dishoeck, Ewine F. TI First detection of gas-phase ammonia in a planet-forming disk NH3, N2H+, and H2O in the disk around TW Hydrae SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE protoplanetary disks; astrochemistry; stars: individual: TW Hya ID HERBIG-AE STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; MIDINFRARED OBSERVATIONS; ROTATIONAL-EXCITATION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; IMAGING SURVEY; DM TAURI; HYA; CHEMISTRY; LINE AB Context. Nitrogen chemistry in protoplanetary disks and the freeze-out on dust particles is key for understanding the formation of nitrogen-bearing species in early solar system analogs. In dense cores, 10% to 20% of the nitrogen reservoir is locked up in ices such as NH3, NH4+ and OCN- So far, ammonia has not been detected beyond the snowline in protoplanetary disks. Aims. We aim to find gas-phase ammonia in a protoplanetary disk and characterize its abundance with respect to water vapor. Methods. Using HIFI on the Herschel Space Observatory, we detected for the first time the ground-state rotational emission of ortho-NH3 in a protoplanetary disk around TW Hya. We used detailed models of the disk's physical structure and the chemistry of ammonia and water to infer the amounts of gas-phase molecules of these species. We explored two radial distributions (extended across the disk and confined to <60 au like the millimeter-sized grains) and two vertical distributions (near the midplane and at intermediate heights above the midplane, where water is expected to photodesorb off icy grains) to describe the (unknown) location of the molecules. These distributions capture the effects of radial drift and vertical settling of ice-covered grains. Results. The NH3 1(0)-0(0) line is detected simultaneously with H2O 1(10)-1(01) at an antenna temperature of 15.3 mK in the Herschel beam; the same spectrum also contains the N2H+ 6-5 line with a strength of 18.1 mK. We use physical-chemical models to reproduce the fluxes and assume that water and ammonia are cospatial. We infer ammonia gas-phase masses of 0.7 11.0 x 10(21) g, depending on the adopted spatial distribution, in line with previous literature estimates. For water, we infer gas-phase masses of 0.2-16.0 x 10(22) g, improving upon earlier literature estimates This corresponds to NH3/H2O abundance ratios of 7%-84%, assuming that water and ammonia are co-located. The inferred N2H+ gas mass of 4.9 x 10(21) g agrees well with earlier literature estimates that were based on lower excitation transitions. These masses correspond to a disk-averaged abundances of 0.2-17.0 x 10-(11), 0.1-9.0 x 10(-10) and 7.6 x 10(-11) for NH3, H2O and N2H+ respectively. Conclusions. Only in the most compact and settled adopted configuration is the inferred NH3/H2O consistent with interstellar ices and solar system bodies of similar to 5%-10%; all other spatial distributions require additional gas-phase NH3 production mechanisms. Volatile release in the midplane may occur through collisions between icy bodies if the available surface for subsequent freeze-out is significantly reduced, for instance, through growth of small grains into pebbles or larger bodies. C1 [Salinas, Vachail N.; Hogerheijde, Michiel R.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Bergin, Edwin A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cleeves, L. Ilsedore; Melnick, Gary J.; Kristensen, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brinch, Christian] Niels Bohr Int Acad, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Blake, Geoffrey A.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Lis, Dariusz C.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, PSL Res Univ, LERMA,Observ Paris,CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France. [Lis, Dariusz C.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys 301 17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Panic, Olja] Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Pearson, John C.; Yildiz, Umut A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [van Dishoeck, Ewine F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Salinas, VN (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM salinas@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Yildiz, Umut/C-5257-2011 OI Yildiz, Umut/0000-0001-6197-2864 FU NASA (Herschel OT funding); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA) FX Herschel is a European Space Agency space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led principal investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. HIFI has been designed and built by a consortium of institutes and university departments from across Europe, Canada, and the United States under the leadership of SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Groningen, The Netherlands, and with major contributions from Germany, France, and the US. Consortium members are: Canada: CSA, U. Waterloo; France: IRAP (formerly CESR), LAB, LERMA, IRAM; Germany: KOSMA, MPIfR, MPS; Ireland, NUI Maynooth; Italy: ASI, IFSI-INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri-INAF; Netherlands: SRON, TUD; Poland: CAMK, CBK; Spain: Observatorio Astronmico Nacional (IGN), Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA). Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology MC2, RSS & GARD; Onsala Space Observatory; Swedish National Space Board, Stockholm University Stockholm Observatory; Switzerland: ETH Zurich, FHNW; USA: Caltech, JPL, NHS. Support for this work was provided by NASA (Herschel OT funding) through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. This work was partially supported by grants from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) and the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA). The data presented here are archived at the Herschel Science Archive, http://archives.esac.esa.int/hda/ui, under OBSID 1342198337 and 1342201585. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 591 AR A122 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628172 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ3YZ UT WOS:000379141300131 ER PT J AU Schneider, N Bontemps, S Motte, F Blazere, A Andre, P Anderson, LD Arzoumanian, D Comeron, F Didelon, P Di Francesco, J Duarte-Cabral, A Guarcello, MG Hennemann, M Hill, T Konyves, V Marston, A Minier, V Rygl, KLJ Rollig, M Roy, A Spinoglio, L Tremblin, P White, GJ Wright, NJ AF Schneider, N. Bontemps, S. Motte, F. Blazere, A. Andre, Ph. Anderson, L. D. Arzoumanian, D. Comeron, F. Didelon, P. Di Francesco, J. Duarte-Cabral, A. Guarcello, M. G. Hennemann, M. Hill, T. Konyves, V. Marston, A. Minier, V. Rygl, K. L. J. Roellig, M. Roy, A. Spinoglio, L. Tremblin, P. White, G. J. Wright, N. J. TI Globules and pillars in Cygnus X I. Herschel(star) far-infrared imaging of the Cygnus OB2 environment SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: individual objects: Cygnus X ID H II REGIONS; PROLATE MOLECULAR CLOUDS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; BRIGHT-RIMMED CLOUDS; PROPLYD-LIKE OBJECTS; STAR-FORMATION; ROSETTE NEBULA; ORION NEBULA; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; INITIAL HIGHLIGHTS AB The radiative feedback of massive stars on molecular clouds creates pillars, globules and other features at the interface between the HII region and molecular cloud. Optical and near-infrared observations from the ground as well as with the Hubble or Spitzer satellites have revealed numerous examples of such cloud structures. We present here Herschel far-infrared observations between 70 mu m and 500 mu m of the immediate environment of the rich Cygnus OB2 association, performed within the Herschel imaging survey of OB Young Stellar objects (HOBYS) program. All of the observed irradiated structures were detected based on their appearance at 70 mu m, and have been classified as pillars, globules, evaporating gasous globules (EGGs), proplyd-like objects, and condensations. From the 70 mu m and 160 mu m flux maps, we derive the local far-ultraviolet (FUV) field on the photon dominated surfaces. In parallel, we use a census of the O-stars to estimate the overall FUV-field, that is 10(3)-10(4) G(0) (Habing field) close to the central OB cluster (within 10 pc) and decreases down to a few tens G(0), in a distance of 50 pc. From a spectral energy distribution (SED) fit to the four longest Herschel wavelengths, we determine column density and temperature maps and derive masses, volume densities and surface densities for these structures. We find that the morphological classification corresponds to distinct physical properties. Pillars and globules are massive (similar to 500 M-circle dot) and large (equivalent radius r similar to 0.6 pc) structures, corresponding to what is defined as "clumps" for molecular clouds. EGGs and proplyd-like objects are smaller (r similar to 0.1 and 0.2 pc) and less massive (similar to 10 and similar to 30 M-circle dot). Cloud condensations are small (similar to 0.1 pc), have an average mass of 35 M-circle dot, are dense (similar to 6 x 10(4) cm(-3)), and can thus be described as molecular cloud "cores". All pillars and globules are oriented toward the Cyg OB2 association center and have the longest estimated photo-evaporation lifetimes, a few million years, while all other features should survive less than a million years. These lifetimes are consistent with that found in simulations of turbulent, UV-illuminated clouds. We propose a tentative evolutionary scheme in which pillars can evolve into globules, which in turn then evolve into EGGs, condensations and proplyd-like objects. C1 [Schneider, N.; Bontemps, S.; Blazere, A.] Univ Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Florac, France. [Schneider, N.; Bontemps, S.; Blazere, A.] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Florac, France. [Schneider, N.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zupicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Motte, F.; Andre, Ph.; Arzoumanian, D.; Didelon, P.; Hennemann, M.; Konyves, V.; Minier, V.; Roy, A.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM CNRS, IRFU SAp CEA DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Motte, F.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Anderson, L. D.] West Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Arzoumanian, D.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IAS, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Comeron, F.] ESO, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago 19, Chile. [Di Francesco, J.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Di Francesco, J.] NRCC, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Duarte-Cabral, A.] Univ Exeter, Astrophys Grp, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Guarcello, M. G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Guarcello, M. G.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hill, T.] Joint ALMA Observ, 3107 Alonso Cordova, Santiago 19, Chile. [Marston, A.] ESA, European Space Astron Ctr, Herschel Sci Ctr, Villanueva De La Canada, Spain. [Rygl, K. L. J.] INAF ORA, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Spinoglio, L.] INAF IAPS, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Tremblin, P.] CEA Saclay, USR 3441, CEA CNRS INRIA UPS UVSQ, Maison Simulat, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [White, G. J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [White, G. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, RALSpace, Didcot OX11 0NL, Oxon, England. [Wright, N. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. RP Schneider, N (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Florac, France.; Schneider, N (reprint author), CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Florac, France.; Schneider, N (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zupicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. EM nschneid@ph1.uni-koeln.de OI Tremblin, Pascal/0000-0001-6172-3403 FU CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA (France); CNES (France); CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); SNSB (Sweden); STFC (UK); NASA (USA); BMVIT (Austria); ESA-PRODEX (Belgium); CEA/CNES (France); DLR (Germany); ASI/INAF (Italy); CICYT/MCYT (Spain); ERC [291294]; DFG [Os 177/2-1, 177/2-2]; RAS; [ANR-11-BS56-010] FX SPIRE has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by Cardiff University (UK) and including Univ. Lethbridge (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, LAM (France); IFSI, Univ. Padua (Italy); IAC (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); Imperial College London, RAL, UCL-MSSL, UKATC, Univ. Sussex (UK); and Caltech, JPL, NHSC, Univ. Colorado (USA). This development has been supported by national funding agencies: CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, CNES, CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); SNSB (Sweden); STFC (UK); and NASA (USA). PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAF-IFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT (Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI/INAF (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). Part of this work was supported by the ANR-11-BS56-010 project "STARFICH" and the ERC advanced Grant no. 291294 "ORISTARS". N.S. acknowledges support from the DFG-priority program 1573 (ISM-SPP), through project number Os 177/2-1 and 177/2-2. N.J.W. acknowledges an RAS Research Fellowship. We thank the referee, G. Gahm for his competent comments that improved the clarity of the paper. NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 591 AR A40 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628328 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ3YZ UT WOS:000379141300049 ER PT J AU Cortes, PC Girart, JM Hull, CLH Sridharan, TK Louvet, F Plambeck, R Li, ZY Crutcher, RM Lai, SP AF Cortes, Paulo C. Girart, Josep M. Hull, Charles L. H. Sridharan, Tirupati K. Louvet, Fabien Plambeck, Richard Li, Zhi-Yun Crutcher, Richard M. Lai, Shih-Ping TI INTERFEROMETRIC MAPPING OF MAGNETIC FIELDS: THE ALMA VIEW OF THE MASSIVE STAR-FORMING CLUMP W43-MM1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; ISM: magnetic fields ID G30.79 FIR 10; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; MINI-STARBURST; CORES; W43; POLARIZATION; EMISSION; REGIONS; MODELS AB Here, we present the first results from ALMA observations of 1 mm polarized dust emission toward the W43-MM1 high-mass star-forming clump. We have detected a highly fragmented filament with source masses ranging from 14 M-circle dot to 312 M-circle dot, where the largest fragment, source A, is believed to be one of the most massive in our Galaxy. We found a smooth, ordered, and detailed polarization pattern throughout the filament, which we used to derived magnetic field morphologies and strengths for 12 out of the 15 fragments detected ranging from 0.2 to 9 mG. The dynamical equilibrium of each fragment was evaluated finding that all the fragments are in a super-critical state that is consistent with previously detected infalling motions toward W43-MM1. Moreover, there are indications suggesting that the field is being dragged by gravity as the whole filament is collapsing. C1 [Cortes, Paulo C.; Hull, Charles L. H.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Cortes, Paulo C.] Joint ALMA Off, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. [Girart, Josep M.] Inst Ciencies Espai CSIC IEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, E-08193 Cerdanyola Del Valles, Catalonia, Spain. [Girart, Josep M.; Hull, Charles L. H.; Sridharan, Tirupati K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Louvet, Fabien] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile. [Plambeck, Richard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Plambeck, Richard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Li, Zhi-Yun] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Crutcher, Richard M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Lai, Shih-Ping] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP Cortes, PC (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.; Cortes, PC (reprint author), Joint ALMA Off, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. EM pcortes@alma.cl OI Plambeck, Richard/0000-0001-6765-9609; Hull, Charles/0000-0002-8975-7573; Girart, Josep Miquel/0000-0002-3829-5591 FU MICINN [AYA2014-57369-C3-P]; MECD (Spain) [PRX15/00435]; NASA [NNX14AB38G]; NSF [AST-1313083]; Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) of Taiwan [NSC 98-2112-M-007-007-MY3, NSC 101-2119-M-007-004, MoST 1022-119-M-007-004-MY3] FX J.M.G. acknowledges support from MICINN AYA2014-57369-C3-P and the MECD PRX15/00435 grants (Spain).; Z.Y.L. is supported in part by NASA NNX14AB38G and NSF AST-1313083.; S.P.L. thanks the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) of Taiwan through grants NSC 98-2112-M-007-007-MY3, NSC 101-2119-M-007-004, and MoST 1022-119-M-007-004-MY3. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 825 IS 1 AR L15 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L15 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ7DC UT WOS:000379366100015 ER PT J AU Turner, BL Condron, LM France, CAM Lehmann, J Solomon, D Peltzer, DA Richardson, SJ AF Turner, Benjamin L. Condron, Leo M. France, Christine A. M. Lehmann, Johannes Solomon, Dawit Peltzer, Duane A. Richardson, Sarah J. TI Sulfur dynamics during long-term ecosystem development SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sulfatase; Pedogenesis; Stable isotopes; delta S-34; XANES spectroscopy; Franz Josef chronosequence; Stoichiometry ID EDGE XANES SPECTROSCOPY; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; MINERAL ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS; TEMPERATE RAIN-FOREST; NEW-ZEALAND; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; CHRONOSEQUENCE; NITROGEN; PHOSPHORUS; SPECIATION AB Long-term soil and ecosystem development involves predictable changes in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability and limitation, but far less is known about comparable changes in sulfur (S) despite its importance as an essential plant macronutrient and component of soil organic matter. We used a combination of elemental analysis, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, hydrolytic enzyme assays, and stable S isotope ratios to examine S in soil and leaf tissue along the 120,000-year Franz Josef chronosequence, New Zealand. Total soil S concentrations increased during the early stages of pedogenesis and then declined as soils aged. There was little variation in soil N:S ratios along the chronosequence other than in the youngest (5 year old) soil, although the carbon (C):S ratio increased markedly in the oldest soils and the P:S ratio decreased continuously along the chronosequence. Foliar S concentrations and N:S ratios varied widely among common plant species but did not change consistently with increasing soil age, although foliar P:S declined for several species in the older stages of the chronosequence. The chemical nature of soil organic S extracted from mineral and organic horizons and determined by S K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge fine-structure (XANES) spectroscopy was dominated by C-bonded S distributed approximately equally in highly-reduced and intermediate oxidation states, although ester-bonded S was also abundant throughout the chronosequence. Soil sulfatase activity expressed on a soil C basis was highest in young soils, indicating low S availability in the early stage of pedogenesis. Enzymatic C:S and N:S ratios varied little during ecosystem development, although the enzymatic P:S ratio increased continuously along the chronosequence. Stable S isotope ratios (delta S-34) increased along the chronosequence, particularly in the early stages of pedogenesis, reflecting a shift in S inputs from primary mineral S to oceanic sulfate in atmospheric deposition. Overall, this first comprehensive assessment of S along a long-term soil chronosequence suggests that S availability is low in the earliest stage of pedogenesis, but then remains stable throughout the progressive and retrogressive phases of ecosystem development, despite pronounced shifts in the chemistry and dynamics of other nutrients. C1 [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Condron, Leo M.] Lincoln Univ, Agr & Life Sci, POB 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. [France, Christine A. M.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Lehmann, Johannes; Solomon, Dawit] Cornell Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Atkinson Ctr Sustainable Future, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Peltzer, Duane A.; Richardson, Sarah J.] Landcare Res, POB 69040, Canterbury 7640, Lincoln, New Zealand. RP Turner, BL (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM TurnerBL@si.edu RI Peltzer, Duane/A-9463-2009; Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Peltzer, Duane/0000-0001-7724-3738; Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA-CSREES [2002-35107-122269]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76CH00016] FX We thank Roger Cresswell for analytical support, Victoria Allison for assistance with sample collection, and Milton Solano and Ian Baillie for assistance in producing Fig. 1. The XANES measurements were supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA-CSREES (2002-35107-122269). We thank W. Caliebe and S. Khalid for support during spectroscopic analyses. The XANES spectra were collected at the X-19A beam-line of the NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under the contract No. DE-AC02-76CH00016. Finally, we thank Carleton Bern and an anonymous reviewer for constructive criticism and insight that substantially improved the manuscript. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUL PY 2016 VL 128 IS 3 BP 281 EP 305 DI 10.1007/s10533-016-0208-6 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DQ5BT UT WOS:000379220100002 ER PT J AU Jones, IL Bunnefeld, N Jump, AS Peres, CA Dent, DH AF Jones, Isabel L. Bunnefeld, Nils Jump, Alistair S. Peres, Carlos A. Dent, Daisy H. TI Extinction debt on reservoir land-bridge islands SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Conservation policy; Dams; Hydropower; Fragmentation; Isolation; Species richness ID SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIP; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; FRENCH-GUIANA; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; RAIN-FOREST; HYDROELECTRIC DAM; TUCURUI DAM; BIODIVERSITY; BIRDS AB Large dams cause extensive inundation of habitats, with remaining terrestrial habitat confined to highly fragmented archipelagos of land-bridge islands comprised of former hilltops. Isolation of biological communities on reservoir islands induces local extinctions and degradation of remnant communities. "Good practice" dam development guidelines propose using reservoir islands for species, conservation, mitigating some of the detrimental impacts associated with flooding terrestrial habitats. The degree of species retention on islands in the long-term, and hence, whether they are effective for conservation is currently unknown. Here, we quantitatively review species' responses to isolation on reservoir islands. We specifically investigate island species richness in comparison with neighbouring continuous habitat, and relationships between island species richness and island area, isolation time, and distance to mainland and to other islands. Species' responses to isolation on reservoir islands have been investigated in only 15 of the >58,000 large-dam reservoirs (dam height >15m) operating globally. Research predominantly originates from wet tropical forest habitats and focuses on mammals, with species richness being the most widely-reported ecological metric. Terrestrial taxa are, overall, negatively impacted by isolation on reservoir islands. Reservoir island species richness declines with isolation time, and although the rate of loss is slower on larger islands, all islands exhibit depauperate species richness <100 years after isolation, compared to continuous mainland habitats. Such a pattern of sustained and delayed species loss following largescale habitat disturbance is indicative of an extinction debt existing for reservoir island species: this pattern is evident across all taxonomic groups and dams studied. Thus, reservoir islands cannot reliably be used for species conservation as part of impact mitigation measures, and should instead be included in area calculations for land impacted by dam creation. Environmental licensing assessments as a precondition for future dam development should explicitly consider the long-term fate of island communities when assessing biodiversity loss vs energy output. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jones, Isabel L.; Bunnefeld, Nils; Jump, Alistair S.; Dent, Daisy H.] Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Peres, Carlos A.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Dent, Daisy H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. RP Jones, IL (reprint author), Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. EM i.l.jones@stir.ac.uk RI Peres, Carlos/B-1276-2013; Jump, Alistair/B-5746-2012; Dent, Daisy/L-3549-2016; OI Peres, Carlos/0000-0002-1588-8765; Bunnefeld, Nils/0000-0002-1349-4463; Dent, Daisy/0000-0002-1219-7344; Jump, Alistair/0000-0002-2167-6451 FU University of Stirling (UoS) FX This study was funded by the University of Stirling (UoS). UoS was not involved with the study design, data collection, analysis or interpretation of data, writing or decision to submit this manuscript. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 199 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.04.036 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DQ9WI UT WOS:000379559600011 ER PT J AU Jimenez, H Ruiz, GM AF Jimenez, H. Ruiz, G. M. TI Contribution of non-native species to soft-sediment marine community structure of San Francisco Bay, California SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Macrofauna; Community structure; Biological invasions; Regional diversity ID NORTH-AMERICA; INVASION; IMPACTS; ESTUARY AB While non-native species (NIS) are important components in many coastal bays and estuaries, quantitative measures that characterize their effects on community structure at bay-wide scales are rare. In this study, we measure species composition and abundance for soft-sediments to assess the contribution of NIS to multiple dimensions of community structure, focusing on one of the most highly invaded bays in the world, San Francisco Bay. Benthic macrofauna was sampled in the high salinity, muddy shallow subtidal (2 m depth) across 10 sites, using replicate 0.1 m(2) Van Veen grabs. Invertebrates retained on a 1 mm sieve were identified, counted, and used to estimate the overall contribution of NIS to (a) abundance (b) species richness, and (c) community similarity. Soft-sediment communities were dominated numerically by NIS, which accounted for 76 % of all organisms detected and had a mean bay-wide abundance that was three and half-fold higher than native biota. Overall, NIS contributed to 36 % of observed taxa and 24-29 % of total estimated regional diversity. Native species accounted for 21 % of total abundance and 45 % of total species richness. Compared to native species, NIS occurred more frequently among samples and also explained more of the variation in community structure among sites. NIS dominate several key attributes of the soft-sediment infaunal community in San Francisco Bay. Percent contribution of NIS to species richness was at least two-fold higher than reported from two decades ago. Unique to this bay, these measures establish a quantitative baseline on the state of invasions and provide an important model for evaluating the extent of NIS in estuaries. Application of this approach across estuaries, with repeated measures over time, is critically needed to advance scientific understanding of invasions and also evaluation of efficacy and gaps in management to reduce new invasions. C1 [Jimenez, H.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 3150 Paradise Dr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. [Ruiz, G. M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. RP Jimenez, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 3150 Paradise Dr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. EM jimenezh@si.edu OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU Marine Invasive Species Program at California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Smithsonian Institution FX The authors would like to thank L. Ceballos, G. Ashton, L. McCann, C. Zabin, A. Rubinstein, R. DiMaria, A. Balsom, J. Blum, and S. Thibaut for field assistance. We thank J. Carlton, J. Cordell, P. Fofonoff, and L. Harris for generous assistance and advice on taxonomy and biogeography (i.e., non-native status of organisms). This work was funded by the Marine Invasive Species Program at California Department of Fish and Wildlife and also the Smithsonian Institution. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JUL PY 2016 VL 18 IS 7 BP 2007 EP 2016 DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1147-9 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DP9LA UT WOS:000378816500015 ER PT J AU Parenti, LR Wake, MH AF Parenti, Lynne R. Wake, Marvalee H. TI Evolution of the Role of Women in the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists SO COPEIA LA English DT Article AB The role of women in the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists has evolved during the past 100 years. In the early years of the Society, the role of women was largely limited to assisting men in research and administration. One exceptional woman was Helen Thompson Gaige, a herpetologist at the University of Michigan, who served as Editor-in-Chief of Copeia for most of the period from 1937 to 1950. Women have become more visible and engaged in all aspects of the Society only during the past few decades. Of note, the first woman President, Marvalee Wake, was not elected until 1982, and since then, just five more women, three herpetologists and two ichthyologists, have been elected to that Society leadership position. We offer comments from our own experiences to show how our engagement with the Society has influenced our careers. C1 [Parenti, Lynne R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,NHB MRC 159, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Wake, Marvalee H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wake, Marvalee H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Parenti, LR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,NHB MRC 159, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM parentil@si.edu; mhwake@berkeley.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 104 IS 2 BP 594 EP 601 DI 10.1643/OT-16-427 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DR0VY UT WOS:000379626200024 ER PT J AU Parenti, LR Stiassny, MLJ AF Parenti, Lynne R. Stiassny, Melanie L. J. TI Rosemary Helen Lowe-McConnell (1921-2014), Honorary Foreign Member in Ichthyology SO COPEIA LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Parenti, Lynne R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Fishes, NHB MRC 159,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Stiassny, Melanie L. J.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Ichthyol, Cent Pk West & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Parenti, LR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Fishes, NHB MRC 159,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM parentil@si.edu; mljs@amnh.org NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD JUL PY 2016 VL 104 IS 2 BP 607 EP 609 DI 10.1643/OT-16-404 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DR0VY UT WOS:000379626200026 ER PT J AU Treitler, JT Heim, O Tschapka, M Jung, K AF Treitler, Julia T. Heim, Olga Tschapka, Marco Jung, Kirsten TI The effect of local land use and loss of forests on bats and nocturnal insects SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Agricultural areas; biodiversity; conservation; grasslands; landscape ecology; trophic interactions ID AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; USE INTENSITY; INSECTIVOROUS BATS; FORAGING HABITAT; SPECIES RICHNESS; BIRD POPULATIONS; PLANT DIVERSITY; LANDSCAPES; GRASSLANDS; BIODIVERSITY AB Land-use intensification at local and landscape level poses a serious threat to biodiversity and affects species interactions and ecosystem function. It is thus important to understand how interrelated taxa respond to land-use intensification and to consider the importance of different spatial scales. We investigated whether and how local land-use intensity and landscape features affect the predator-prey interaction of bats and insects. Bats and nocturnal insects were assessed on 50 grassland sites in the Schorfheide-Chorin. We analyzed the effect of local land use and distance to forested areas as a proxy for site accessibility on bats and insects and their biological interaction measured in bat's feeding activity. Insect abundance increased with higher land-use intensity, while size and diversity of insects decreased. In contrast, bat activity, diversity, and species composition were determined by the distance to forested areas and only slightly by land-use intensity. Feeding attempts of bats increased with higher insect abundance and diversity but decreased with insect size and distance to forested areas. Finally, our results revealed that near forested areas, the number of feeding attempts was much lower on grassland sites with high, compared to those with low land-use intensity. In contrast, far from forests, the feeding attempts did not differ significantly between intensively and extensively managed grassland sites. We conclude that the two interrelated taxa, bats and insects, respond to land-use intensification on very different scales. While insects respond to local land use, bats are rather influenced by surrounding landscape matrix. Hereby, proximity to forests reveals to be a prerequisite for higher bat species diversity and a higher rate of feeding attempts within the area. However, proximity to forest is not sufficient to compensate local high land-use intensity. Thus, local land-use intensification in combination with a loss of forest remnants weakens the interaction of bats and insects. C1 [Treitler, Julia T.; Heim, Olga; Tschapka, Marco; Jung, Kirsten] Univ Ulm, Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Ulm, Germany. [Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Treitler, Julia T.] Univ Hildesheim, Inst Biol & Chem, RG Ecol & Environm Educ, Hildesheim, Germany. [Heim, Olga] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res IZW, Berlin, Germany. RP Jung, K (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Ulm, Germany. EM kirsten.jung@uni-ulm.de FU German Science Fundation [KA 1241/19-1] FX German Science Fundation, (Grant / Award Number: 'KA 1241/19-1'). NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 13 BP 4289 EP 4297 DI 10.1002/ece3.2160 PG 9 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DQ6VU UT WOS:000379344400005 PM 27386075 ER PT J AU Currano, ED Laker, R Flynn, AG Fogt, KK Stradtman, H Wing, SL AF Currano, Ellen D. Laker, Rachel Flynn, Andrew G. Fogt, Kari K. Stradtman, Hillary Wing, Scott L. TI Consequences of elevated temperature and pCO(2) on insect folivory at the ecosystem level: perspectives from the fossil record SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Bighorn Basin; herbivory; legumes; Paleogene; Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum; plant-insect interactions ID EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM; PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS; NORTH-CENTRAL TEXAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CO2 CONCENTRATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; IMPACTS; AVAILABILITY; METAANALYSIS AB Paleoecological studies document the net effects of atmospheric and climate change in a natural laboratory over timescales not accessible to laboratory or ecological studies. Insect feeding damage is visible on well-preserved fossil leaves, and changes in leaf damage through time can be compared to environmental changes. We measured percent leaf area damaged on four fossil leaf assemblages from the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, that range in age from 56.1 to 52.65 million years (Ma). We also include similar published data from three US sites 49.4 to similar to 45 Ma in our analyses. Regional climate was subtropical or warmer throughout this period, and the second oldest assemblage (56 Ma) was deposited during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), a geologically abrupt global warming event caused by massive release of carbon into the atmosphere. Total and leaf-chewing damage are highest during the PETM, whether considering percent area damaged on the bulk flora, the average of individual host plants, or a single plant host that occurs at multiple sites. Another fossil assemblage in our study, the 52.65 Ma Fifteenmile Creek paleoflora, also lived during a period of globally high temperature and pCO(2), but does not have elevated herbivory. Comparison of these two sites, as well as regression analyses conducted on the entire dataset, demonstrates that, over long timescales, temperature and pCO(2) are uncorrelated with total insect consumption at the ecosystem level. Rather, the most important factor affecting herbivory is the relative abundance of plants with nitrogen-fixing symbionts. Legumes dominate the PETM site; their prevalence would have decreased nitrogen limitation across the ecosystem, buffering generalist herbivore populations against decreased leaf nutritional quality that commonly occurs at high pCO(2). We hypothesize that nitrogen concentration regulates the opposing effects of elevated temperature and CO2 on insect abundance and thereby total insect consumption, which has important implications for agricultural practices in today's world of steadily increasing pCO(2). C1 [Currano, Ellen D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Currano, Ellen D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Currano, Ellen D.; Laker, Rachel; Flynn, Andrew G.; Fogt, Kari K.; Stradtman, Hillary] Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Flynn, Andrew G.] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Wing, Scott L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Currano, ED (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.; Currano, ED (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM ecurrano@uwyo.edu OI Wing, Scott/0000-0002-2954-8905 FU Paleontological Society; Smithsonian Institution; Miami University; Geological Society of America; Pennsylvania State University; Evolving Earth Foundation FX Paleontological Society, Smithsonian Institution, Miami University, Geological Society of America, Pennsylvania State University, Evolving Earth Foundation NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 6 IS 13 BP 4318 EP 4331 DI 10.1002/ece3.2203 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DQ6VU UT WOS:000379344400008 PM 27386078 ER PT J AU Sohn, JC AF Sohn, Jae-Cheon TI Review of the genus Eumonopyta (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) with descriptions of two new species SO ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE morphology; Oriental Region; taxonomy; Yponomeuta AB The yponomeutid genus Eumonopyta is reviewed by examination of the type species, E.unicornis, from Japan and Taiwan and descriptions of two new congeners, E.tucki from India and E.viridigigas from Thailand. Eumonopyta unicornis is first reported from Taiwan. The previously proposed diagnostic characters for Eumonopyta are re-evaluated. The female genitalia of Eumonopyta are described for the first time, based on E.unicornis and E.viridigigas. Photographs of imagoes and genitalia, if available, are provided for all three species of Eumonopyta. C1 [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol & Paleobiol, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sohn, JC (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol & Paleobiol, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM jay.c.sohn@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Institution FX I thank Jean-Francois Landry, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada, for reviewing my early manuscript. I also thank Donald Davis, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA, John B Heppner, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, and Kevin Tuck (retired), Natural History Museum, London, UK, for allowing me to examine the museum specimens for this study. I am indebted to Charles Mitter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA, who supported my trip to London. This work was supported by a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship (2013-2015) from the Smithsonian Institution. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1343-8786 EI 1479-8298 J9 ENTOMOL SCI JI Entomol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 BP 155 EP 160 DI 10.1111/ens.12188 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DR5GX UT WOS:000379932600001 ER PT J AU Whitten, JL Campbell, BA AF Whitten, Jennifer L. Campbell, Bruce A. TI Recent volcanic resurfacing of Venusian craters SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TESSERA TERRAIN; IMPACT CRATERS; MAGELLAN OBSERVATIONS; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; VIRTIS EMISSIVITY; ALPHA REGIO; FEATURES; SURFACE; EJECTA; MORPHOLOGY AB Ejecta from impact craters on Venus are a major source of fine-grained materials across the planet, and crater spatial distribution has been studied as a guide to the relative age and resurfacing rates of large regions. Of particular interest is the potential intersection of distal crater deposits and tesserae, highly deformed landforms that may be the oldest materials on Venus. The composition of tesserae is unknown, but is key to understanding whether water played a role in crustal differentiation. Thus, tesserae are ideal sites for future landed missions to identify possible felsic materials, but the short lifespan of surface landers means that efforts must be made to avoid contaminating surface materials from craters. Here we develop a method to detect distal crater ejecta on tessera terrain across Venus using NASA Magellan radar data. Our results show that fine-grained ejecta are unevenly distributed in the tesserae with respect to nearby craters. Many tesserae within a few hundred kilometers of plains craters do not have evidence for thick (>5-10 cm) mantling material, indicating that eolian or mass-wasting processes have moved the debris off the highland ridge slopes. At Sudenitsa Tesserae, within the young Beta-Atla-Themis region, we observe a radar signature of mantling debris, but there is no apparent source crater to which this material can be traced. We infer that the source crater has been resurfaced by volcanic activity within the past 80 m.y., and suggest that similar fine-grained ejecta deposits may have built up over time in other tesserae across Venus. C1 [Whitten, Jennifer L.; Campbell, Bruce A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, MRC 315,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Whitten, JL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, MRC 315,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUL PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 BP 519 EP 522 DI 10.1130/G37681.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA DQ7AH UT WOS:000379358300013 ER PT J AU Magee, CW Teles, G Vicenzi, EP Taylor, W Heaney, P AF Magee, Charles W., Jr. Teles, Guilherme Vicenzi, Edward P. Taylor, Wayne Heaney, Peter TI Uranium irradiation history of carbonado diamond; implications for Paleoarchean oxidation in the Sao Francisco craton SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CATHODOLUMINESCENCE; CONSTRAINTS; OXYGENATION; ISOTOPES; DEPOSITS; ORIGIN AB Carbonado is a porous polycrystalline diamond rock found in central African and Brazilian placer deposits. It contains unsupported radiogenic isotopes of He, Ne, Kr, Xe, and Pb. Here we show that these, and the radiation-related defects introduced to the diamond structure, are a result of uranium precipitation, with no isotopic or spectroscopic evidence of Th enrichment. The daughter products are unsupported due to Proterozoic U remobilization. Combining existing carbonado Pb isotope data with recent studies of the geochronology of the tectonic evolution of the Sao Francisco craton (eastern South America) reveals that the most likely scenario is Paleoarchean uranium enrichment of carbonado, followed by Mesoproterozoic uranium dissolution. Under all possible scenarios, the carbonado radiation damage history requires U mobilization in the Mesoarchean or late Paleoarchean. This is consistent with recent studies of South Africa and India Mesoarchean paleosols, which also show evidence for local oxygen activity greater than that of the Archean atmosphere and ocean. While those studies rely on whole-rock trace element and transition metal stable isotope measurements, this combination of crystallographic defects, sedimentary geochronology, and radiogenic isotopes supports the same conclusions of nonmarine, near-surface Archean oxygen enhancement. C1 [Magee, Charles W., Jr.; Teles, Guilherme; Taylor, Wayne] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Magee, Charles W., Jr.] Australian Sci Instruments, Fyshwick, ACT 2609, Australia. [Magee, Charles W., Jr.; Vicenzi, Edward P.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Teles, Guilherme] Univ Brasilia, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Vicenzi, Edward P.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Taylor, Wayne] Energy Met Ltd, POB 1323, Perth, WA 6005, Australia. [Heaney, Peter] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. RP Magee, CW (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.; Magee, CW (reprint author), Australian Sci Instruments, Fyshwick, ACT 2609, Australia.; Magee, CW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RI dos Santos Teles, Guilherme/L-3576-2016 OI dos Santos Teles, Guilherme/0000-0002-0615-8373 FU Research School of Earth Science, Australian National University; Commonwealth Government of Australia FX We thank A. Pedreira, R. Conceicao, M.M. Marinho, H. Conceicao, the Universidade Federal da Bahia, and Companhia Baiana de Pesquisa Mineral for assistance in planning and carrying out field work; T. Mernagh, P. Monroe, and K. Nugent for help with Raman, cathodoluminescence, and photoluminescence work; and I. Williams, D. Rubatto, M. Palin, and M. Shelley for assistance with SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS. This research was made possible with an A. E. Ringwood scholarship from the Research School of Earth Science, Australian National University, and an OPRS (Overseas Postgraduate Research Scholarship) from the Commonwealth Government of Australia. Multispectral CL imaging support was provided by the Smithsonian's Museum Conservation Institute (Maryland, USA). We thank R. Wirth, F. Kaminsky, and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUL PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 BP 527 EP 530 DI 10.1130/G37749.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA DQ7AH UT WOS:000379358300015 ER PT J AU Birner, SK Warren, JM Cottrell, E Davis, FA AF Birner, Suzanne K. Warren, Jessica M. Cottrell, Elizabeth Davis, Fred A. TI Hydrothermal alteration of seafloor peridotites does not influence oxygen fugacity recorded by spinel oxybarometry SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MANTLE OXIDATION-STATE; MARIANA FORE-ARC; REDOX STATE; TONGA TRENCH; ABYSSAL; SERPENTINIZATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; DIFFUSION; MAGNETITE; PETROLOGY AB Olivine, orthopyroxene, and spinel compositions within seafloor peridotites yield important information about the nature of Earth's mantle. Major element compositions of these minerals can be used to calculate oxygen fugacity, a thermodynamic property critical to understanding phase equilibria in the upper mantle. This study examines how hydrothermal alteration at the seafloor influences peridotite chemistry. The Tonga Trench (South Pacific Ocean) exposes lithospheric forearc peridotites that range from highly altered to completely unaltered and provides an ideal sample suite for investigating the effect of alteration on spinel peridotite major element chemistry and calculated oxygen fugacity. Using the Tonga peridotites, we develop a qualitative alteration scale rooted in traditional point-counting methodology. We show that high degrees of serpentinization do not affect mineral parameters such as forsterite number in olivine, iron site occupancy in orthopyroxene, and Fe3+/SFe ratio in spinel. Additionally, while serpentinization is a redox reaction that leaves behind an oxidized residue, the oxygen fugacity recorded by mantle minerals is unaffected by nearby low-temperature serpentinization. As a result, oxygen fugacity measured by spinel oxybarometry in seafloor peridotites is representative of mantle processes, rather than an artifact of late-stage seafloor alteration. C1 [Birner, Suzanne K.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 450 Serra Mall,Bldg 320, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Birner, Suzanne K.; Cottrell, Elizabeth; Davis, Fred A.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Warren, Jessica M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Penny Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Davis, Fred A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 229 Heller Hall,1114 Kirby Dr, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. RP Birner, SK (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 450 Serra Mall,Bldg 320, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Birner, SK (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM skbirner@stanford.edu FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1433212, OCE-1434199]; Stanford Graduate Fellowship FX We thank Trevor Falloon, Sherman Bloomer, and Chris MacLeod for access to the samples, and Robert Stern for his encouragement in working on Tonga. We thank Tim Gooding and Tim Rose for laboratory support at the Smithsonian Institution. We thank Frieder Klein, William Leeman, and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough and insightful suggestions, as well as J. Brendan Murphy for editorial handling. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant OCE-1433212 to Cottrell and Davis and grant OCE-1434199 to Warren. Birner was supported by a Stanford Graduate Fellowship. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD JUL PY 2016 VL 44 IS 7 BP 535 EP 538 DI 10.1130/G38113.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA DQ7AH UT WOS:000379358300017 ER PT J AU Zweifler, LE Ao, M Yadav, M Kuss, P Narisawa, S Kolli, TN Wimer, HF Farquharson, C Somerman, MJ Millan, JL Foster, BL AF Zweifler, L. E. Ao, M. Yadav, M. Kuss, P. Narisawa, S. Kolli, T. N. Wimer, H. F. Farquharson, C. Somerman, M. J. Millan, J. L. Foster, B. L. TI Role of PHOSPHO1 in Periodontal Development and Function SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cementum; dentin; bone; periodontal ligament; extracellular matrix; physiologic calcification ID EXTRINSIC FIBER CEMENTUM; BSP-NULL MICE; SKELETAL MINERALIZATION; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; MATRIX VESICLES; BONE; DEFECTS; DENTIN; MODEL; CALCIFICATION AB The tooth root and periodontal apparatus, including the acellular and cellular cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL), and alveolar bone, are critical for tooth function. Cementum and bone mineralization is regulated by factors including enzymes and extracellular matrix proteins that promote or inhibit hydroxyapatite crystal growth. Orphan Phosphatase 1 (Phospho1, PHOSPHO1) is a phosphatase expressed by chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and odontoblasts that functions in skeletal and dentin mineralization by initiating deposition of hydroxyapatite inside membrane-limited matrix vesicles. The role of PHOSPHO1 in periodontal formation remains unknown and we aimed to determine its functional importance in these tissues. We hypothesized that the enzyme would regulate proper mineralization of the periodontal apparatus. Spatiotemporal expression of PHOSPHO1 was mapped during periodontal development, and Phospho1(-/-) mice were analyzed using histology, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, radiography, and micro-computed tomography. The Phospho1 gene and PHOSPHO1 protein were expressed by active alveolar bone osteoblasts and cementoblasts during cellular cementum formation. In Phospho1(-/-) mice, acellular cementum formation and mineralization were unaffected, whereas cellular cementum deposition increased although it displayed delayed mineralization and cementoid. Phospho1(-/-) mice featured disturbances in alveolar bone mineralization, shown by accumulation of unmineralized osteoid matrix and interglobular patterns of protein deposition. Parallel to other skeletal sites, deposition of mineral-regulating protein osteopontin (OPN) was increased in alveolar bone in Phospho1(-/-) mice. In contrast to the skeleton, genetic ablation of Spp1, the gene encoding OPN, did not ameliorate dentoalveolar defects in Phospho1(-/-) mice. Despite alveolar bone mineralization defects, periodontal attachment and function appeared undisturbed in Phospho1(-/-) mice, with normal PDL architecture and no evidence of bone loss over time. This study highlights the role of PHOSPHO1 in mineralization of alveolar bone and cellular cementum, further revealing that acellular cementum formation is not substantially regulated by PHOSPHO1 and likely does not rely on matrix vesicle-mediated initiation of mineralization. C1 [Zweifler, L. E.; Kolli, T. N.; Foster, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Biosci, 305 W 12th Ave,4163 Postle Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ao, M.; Somerman, M. J.] NIAMSD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Yadav, M.; Kuss, P.; Narisawa, S.; Millan, J. L.] Sanford Burnham Prebys Med Discovery Inst, Sanford Childrens Hlth Res Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA. [Wimer, H. F.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wimer, H. F.] NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Farquharson, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Scotland. [Farquharson, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Foster, BL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Div Biosci, 305 W 12th Ave,4163 Postle Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM foster.1004@osu.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) [DE12889]; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/J004316/1]; NIH National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) [AR53102, AR066110]; NIAMS; Ohio State University College of Dentistry FX This research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) (DE12889 to J.L.M.), the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/J004316/1 to C.F.), the NIH National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) (AR53102 to J.L.M. and AR066110 to B.L.F.), and the Intramural Research Program of NIAMS (to M.J.S.), as well as by a Dr. Rudy Melfi Fellowship from the Ohio State University College of Dentistry (to L.E.Z.). The authors thank Nasrin Kalantari Pour (NIAMS/NIH) for histology, Anne Tran and Alyssa Coulter (NIAMS/NIH) for assistance with immunostaining, Kristina Zaal (NIAMS Light Imaging Section) for assistance with slide scanning, Kenn Holmbeck (NIDCR/NIH) for assistance with micro-CT scanning, and Lyudmila Lukashova (Hospital for Special Surgery) for assistance with micro-CT analysis. The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0022-0345 EI 1544-0591 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 95 IS 7 BP 742 EP 751 DI 10.1177/0022034516640246 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DQ9UQ UT WOS:000379555200003 PM 27016531 ER PT J AU Simkanin, C Fofonoff, PW Larson, K Lambert, G Dijkstra, JA Ruiz, GM AF Simkanin, Christina Fofonoff, Paul W. Larson, Kristen Lambert, Gretchen Dijkstra, Jennifer A. Ruiz, Gregory M. TI Spatial and temporal dynamics of ascidian invasions in the continental United States and Alaska SO MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUNICATE DIDEMNUM-VEXILLUM; NON-INDIGENOUS ASCIDIANS; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; VESSEL SEA-CHESTS; CIONA-INTESTINALIS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MARINE INVASIONS; SHELLFISH AQUACULTURE; BOTRYLLOIDES-VIOLACEUS; NOVA-SCOTIA AB Species introductions have increased dramatically in number, rate, and magnitude of impact in recent decades. In marine systems, invertebrates are the largest and most diverse component of coastal invasions throughout the world. Ascidians are conspicuous and well-studied members of this group, however, much of what is known about their invasion history is limited to particular species or locations. Here, we provide a large-scale assessment of invasions, using an extensive literature review and standardized field surveys, to characterize the invasion dynamics of non-native ascidians in the continental United States and Alaska. Twenty-six non-native ascidian species have established documented populations on the Pacific, Atlantic and Gulf coasts (spanning 25-57 degrees N). Invader species richness is greatest for the Pacific coast (19 spp.), followed by the Atlantic (14 spp.) and Gulf (6 spp.) coasts, and decreases towards higher latitudes. Most species (97 %) expanded their range after initial introduction, although the direction and latitudinal extent of secondary spread varied. Temporal analyses, based on literature reported first records and repeated field surveys, show an increase in recorded non-native ascidians at continental, regional, and local scales. Our results underscore that non-native species continue to establish and spread, and the transfer of biofouling organisms on underwater surfaces of vessels is an active and potent vector that remains largely unmanaged. More broadly, we suggest that ascidians provide a tractable and important indicator group for evaluating invasion dynamics and management strategies. C1 [Simkanin, Christina; Fofonoff, Paul W.; Larson, Kristen; Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Lambert, Gretchen] Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA. [Dijkstra, Jennifer A.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Coastal & Ocean Mapping, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Simkanin, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM csimkanin@gmail.com OI Larson, Kristen/0000-0001-6070-4737; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; National Sea Grant Program; Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council; Smithsonian Institution; United States Coast Guard; US Fish and Wildlife Service; United States Department of Defense Legacy Program FX This paper is dedicated to the late Charles C. Lambert, who encouraged and inspired many of us with his enthusiasm and knowledge of ascidians. We thank James T. Carlton and Rosana Rocha for expert advice on global ascidian distributions and Stacey Havard and Brian Steves for assisting with management and analysis of fouling plate survey data collected by the Smithsonian Marine Invasions Research Lab. We wish to thank the large number of lab members and volunteers who helped with fouling plate surveys, including: Scott Cowan, Esther Collinetti, Tami Huber and Linda McCann. This research was supported by funding from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, National Sea Grant Program, Prince William Sound Regional Citizens' Advisory Council, Smithsonian Institution, United States Coast Guard, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and the United States Department of Defense Legacy Program. NR 111 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 19 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0025-3162 EI 1432-1793 J9 MAR BIOL JI Mar. Biol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 163 IS 7 AR 163 DI 10.1007/s00227-016-2924-9 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DQ9KN UT WOS:000379528900018 ER PT J AU Ament-Velasquez, SL Figuet, E Ballenghien, M Zattara, EE Norenburg, JL Fernandez-Alvarez, FA Bierne, J Bierne, N Galtier, N AF Ament-Velasquez, S. L. Figuet, E. Ballenghien, M. Zattara, E. E. Norenburg, J. L. Fernandez-Alvarez, F. A. Bierne, J. Bierne, N. Galtier, N. TI Population genomics of sexual and asexual lineages in fissiparous ribbon worms (Lineus, Nemertea): hybridization, polyploidy and the Meselson effect SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE clonality; coding sequences; hybridization; polyploidy; population genomics ID TIMEMA STICK INSECTS; FRESH-WATER SNAIL; DELETERIOUS MUTATIONS; BDELLOID ROTIFERS; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; ANCIENT ASEXUALITY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; PHYLUM NEMERTEA; FACULTATIVE SEX; HYBRID ORIGINS AB Comparative population genetics in asexual vs. sexual species offers the opportunity to investigate the impact of asexuality on genome evolution. Here, we analyse coding sequence polymorphism and divergence patterns in the fascinating Lineus ribbon worms, a group of marine, carnivorous nemerteans with unusual regeneration abilities, and in which asexual reproduction by fissiparity is documented. The population genomics of the fissiparous L. pseudolacteus is characterized by an extremely high level of heterozygosity and unexpectedly elevated pi(N)/pi(S) ratio, in apparent agreement with theoretical expectations under clonal evolution. Analysis of among-species allele sharing and read-count distribution, however, reveals that L. pseudolacteus is a triploid hybrid between Atlantic populations of L. sanguineus and L. lacteus. We model and quantify the relative impact of hybridity, polyploidy and asexuality on molecular variation patterns in L. pseudolacteus and conclude that (i) the peculiarities of L. pseudolacteus population genomics result in the first place from hybridization and (ii) the accumulation of new mutations through the Meselson effect is more than compensated by processes of heterozygosity erosion, such as gene conversion or gene copy loss. This study illustrates the complexity of the evolutionary processes associated with asexuality and identifies L. pseudolacteus as a promising model to study the first steps of polyploid genome evolution in an asexual context. C1 [Ament-Velasquez, S. L.; Figuet, E.; Ballenghien, M.; Bierne, N.; Galtier, N.] Univ Montpellier, Inst Evolutionary Sci, CNRS, IRD,EPHE, Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Ament-Velasquez, S. L.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Organismal Biol, Systemat Biol, POB 256, SE-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. [Zattara, E. E.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, 107 S Indiana Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Zattara, E. E.; Norenburg, J. L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, 10th St & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Fernandez-Alvarez, F. A.] CSIC Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Mar, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Bierne, J.] Univ Reims, Lab Biol Cellulaire & Mol, 9 Blvd Paix, F-51100 Reims, France. RP Galtier, N (reprint author), Univ Montpellier, Inst Evolutionary Sci, CNRS, IRD,EPHE, Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France. EM nicolas.galtier@univ-montp2.fr RI Zattara, Eduardo/A-3760-2012; OI Zattara, Eduardo/0000-0002-9947-9036; Ament-Velasquez, Sandra Lorena/0000-0003-3371-9292; Bierne, Nicolas/0000-0003-1856-3197 FU European Research Council [232971]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-BINF-01-01, ANR-11-BSV7-007]; Erasmus Mundus Master Programme in Evolutionary Biology; University of Maryland; Smithsonian Institution; Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain [BES-2013-063551]; Montpellier Bioinformatics & Biodiversity platform; ISEM platform PGPM7 at the Station marine (OSU OREME) FX This work was supported by European Research Council grant 232971 (PopPhyl), Agence Nationale de la Recherche grants ANR-10-BINF-01-01 (Ancestrome) and ANR-11-BSV7-007 (Clonix), the Erasmus Mundus Master Programme in Evolutionary Biology, a University of Maryland and Smithsonian Institution Seed Grant for Research, and Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain predoctoral grant BES-2013-063551. We thank the Montpellier Bioinformatics & Biodiversity platform and the ISEM platform PGPM7 at the Station marine (OSU OREME) for support. We thank Laurent Leveque, Delphine Lallias, Marguerite Bierne, Benoit Houseaux and Christophe Lemaire for their help with sampling. We are grateful to Sophie Arnaud-Haond and four reviewers for useful suggestions. NR 78 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 20 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 25 IS 14 BP 3356 EP 3369 DI 10.1111/mec.13717 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DR0RK UT WOS:000379614400010 PM 27286413 ER PT J AU Wang, ZP Gu, Q Deng, FD Huang, JH Megonigal, JP Yu, Q Lu, XT Li, LH Chang, S Zhang, YH Feng, JC Han, XG AF Wang, Zhi-Ping Gu, Qian Deng, Feng-Dan Huang, Jian-Hui Megonigal, J. Patrick Yu, Qiang Lu, Xiao-Tao Li, Ling-Hao Chang, Scott Zhang, Yun-Hai Feng, Jin-Chao Han, Xing-Guo TI Methane emissions from the trunks of living trees on upland soils SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE annual variability; drained soils; heartwood; in situ methane (CH4) flux; poplar (Populus davidiana); temperate forest ID TERRESTRIAL PLANTS; BOREAL FOREST; WET HEARTWOOD; BLACK SPRUCE; CARBON; WETWOOD; WOOD; CO2; ORIGIN; QUEBEC AB Upland forests are traditionally thought to be net sinks for atmospheric methane (CH4). In such forests, in situ CH4 fluxes on tree trunks have been neglected relative to soil and canopy fluxes. We measured in situ CH4 fluxes from the trunks of living trees and other surfaces, such as twigs and soils, using a static closed-chamber method, and estimated the CH4 budget in a temperate upland forest in Beijing. We found that the trunks of Populus davidiana emitted large quantities of CH4 during July 2014-July 2015, amounting to mean annual emissions of 85.3 and 103.1 mu gm(-2) h(-1) on a trunk surface area basis on two replicate plots. The emission rates were similar in magnitude to those from tree trunks in wetland forests. The emitted CH4 was derived from the heartwood of trunks. On a plot or ecosystem scale, trunk CH4 emissions were equivalent to c.30-90% of the amount of CH4 consumed by soils throughout the year, with an annual average of 63%. Our findings suggest that wet heartwoods, regardless of rot or not, occur widely in living trees on various habitats, where CH4 can be produced. C1 [Wang, Zhi-Ping; Gu, Qian; Deng, Feng-Dan; Huang, Jian-Hui; Li, Ling-Hao; Zhang, Yun-Hai; Han, Xing-Guo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Nanxincun 20, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zhi-Ping; Yu, Qiang; Lu, Xiao-Tao; Han, Xing-Guo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110164, Peoples R China. [Deng, Feng-Dan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Chang, Scott] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Feng, Jin-Chao] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Desertificat Studies, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. RP Wang, ZP; Han, XG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Nanxincun 20, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China.; Wang, ZP; Han, XG (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110164, Peoples R China. EM wangzp5@ibcas.ac.cn; xghan@ibcas.ac.cn RI Yu, Qiang/E-2097-2011; Lu (u), Xiao-Tao/B-3905-2008 OI Yu, Qiang/0000-0002-5480-0623; Lu (u), Xiao-Tao/0000-0001-5571-1895 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31370493]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation [5153026]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC0008165]; State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, CAS [LFSE2013-02, LFSE2013-13] FX We acknowledge financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370493), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (5153026), the US Department of Energy (DE-SC0008165), and the State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, CAS (LFSE2013-02 and LFSE2013-13). We thank Dr Hong-Xin Su and Mr Shu-Jun Yang for assistance with the field events and Prof. Guanghui Lin and Mr Zhiyong Pang for providing stable carbon isotope analysis. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 19 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 211 IS 2 BP 429 EP 439 DI 10.1111/nph.13909 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DQ4ZI UT WOS:000379213200008 PM 26918765 ER PT J AU Heineman, KD Turner, BL Dalling, JW AF Heineman, Katherine D. Turner, Benjamin L. Dalling, James W. TI Variation in wood nutrients along a tropical soil fertility gradient SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE environmental gradients; Fortuna Forest Reserve; functional traits; nutrient limitation; phosphorus cycling; stoichiometry; wood density ID MONTANE RAIN-FOREST; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; LEAF TRAITS; ACQUISITION STRATEGIES; HABITAT SPECIALIZATION; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; DIPTEROCARP FOREST; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; AMAZONIAN FOREST; PLANT TRAITS AB Wood contains the majority of the nutrients in tropical trees, yet controls over wood nutrient concentrations and their function are poorly understood. We measured wood nutrient concentrations in 106 tree species in 10 forest plots spanning a regional fertility gradient in Panama. For a subset of species, we quantified foliar nutrients and wood density to test whether wood nutrients scale with foliar nutrients at the species level, or wood nutrient storage increases with wood density as predicted by the wood economics spectrum. Wood nutrient concentrations varied enormously among species from fourfold in nitrogen (N) to >30-fold in calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P). Community-weighted mean wood nutrient concentrations correlated positively with soil Ca, K, Mg and P concentrations. Wood nutrients scaled positively with leaf nutrients, supporting the hypothesis that nutrient allocation is conserved across plant organs. Wood P was most sensitive to variation in soil nutrient availability, and significant radial declines in wood P indicated that tropical trees retranslocate P as sapwood transitions to heartwood. Wood P decreased with increasing wood density, suggesting that low wood P and dense wood are traits associated with tree species persistence on low fertility soils. Substantial variation among species and communities in wood nutrient concentrations suggests that allocation of nutrients to wood, especially P, influences species distributions and nutrient dynamics in tropical forests. C1 [Heineman, Katherine D.; Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Turner, Benjamin L.; Dalling, James W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Heineman, KD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM kheineman@life.illinois.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant [DEB-1311379]; Clark Research Support Grant; Tinker Summer Research Fellowship; Program for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Summer Research Grant FX The authors are grateful for funding the National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB-1311379), Clark Research Support Grant, Tinker Summer Research Fellowship, and Program for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Summer Research Grant. We thank the Center for Tropical Forest Science for providing the census data for the 1-ha plots in the Panama Canal Watershed, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for logistical support. We thank Carmen Velasquez, Fredy Miranda and Robert Heineman for field assistance, Arturo Morris Valdes for identification of trees in the Fortuna Forest Reserve, and Dayana Agudo and Paola Escobar for assisting with chemical analysis of wood at the STRI Soil Lab. We thank also Claire Baldeck, Adriana Corrales, Jennifer Jones and two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved this manuscript. NR 90 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 22 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 211 IS 2 BP 440 EP 454 DI 10.1111/nph.13904 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DQ4ZI UT WOS:000379213200009 PM 26922861 ER PT J AU Piperno, DR AF Piperno, Dolores R. TI Standard evaluations of bomb curves and age calibrations along with consideration of environmental and biological variability show the rigor of phytolith dates on modern neotropical plants: Review of comment by Santos, Alexandre, and Prior SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Phytolith post-bomb C-14 dates; Standard evaluations of post-bomb dates; Inherent regional and biological variability affecting bomb curves ID CARBON DYNAMICS; RADIOCARBON; C-14; CO2; SOIL; EMISSIONS; SCALES; PEAT AB Santos et al. claim that a recent phytolith C-14 study by Piperno of Neotropical plants that grew during the post-bomb era provided anomalously old ages due to C-14 depletion. They argue the depletion source is likely old carbon in soils transported into plants via root uptake. Here I show: 1) their claims for anomalous C-14 depletions in phytoliths are unfounded because they fail to consider uncertainties created in the bomb curve from local and regional environmental variability and other factors shown to lead to bomb curve offsets in post-bomb C-14 study, 2) they error by not calibrating the phytolith dates, a standard procedure with post-bomb C-14 determinations, 3) they inexplicably consider an ancient (1640 (14)Cyr B.P) age for one of the dated samples to be accurate when (a) it is known the sample was treated with substances made from fossil fuels that were not removed with the extraction process, and (b) the amount of radiocarbon dead carbon required to generate the ancient age from SOM is unreasonable, and 4) their theory that old soil carbon from root uptake is sequestered in phytoliths causing significant skews to phytolith ages is not supported by accumulated evidence from ancient, and now modern Neotropical contexts. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Piperno, Dolores R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 2072, Panama. [Piperno, Dolores R.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA. RP Piperno, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 2072, Panama. EM Pipernod@si.edu FU Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama FX I thank Darden Hood, Beta Analytic Inc., for advice with writing this paper and his personal communications contributions to it. Thanks also to reviewers who provided helpful comments. Supported by a Small Grant award from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 EI 1095-9238 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 71 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2016.01.013 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA DQ1KN UT WOS:000378960000006 ER PT J AU Guerra, AS Eckerlin, RP Dowling, APG Durden, LA Robbins, RG Dittmar, K Helgen, KM Agwanda, B Allan, BF Hedlund, T Young, HS AF Guerra, Ana Sofia Eckerlin, Ralph P. Dowling, Ashley P. G. Durden, Lance A. Robbins, Richard G. Dittmar, Katharina Helgen, Kristofer M. Agwanda, Bernard Allan, Brian F. Hedlund, Tyler Young, Hillary S. TI Host-Parasite Associations in Small Mammal Communities in Semiarid Savanna Ecosystems of East Africa SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE flea; louse; mite; tick; ectoparasite ID INFRACOMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FLEAS SIPHONAPTERA; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; YERSINIA-PESTIS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; KENYA; ASSEMBLAGES; NESTEDNESS; PLAGUE; RODENTS AB Despite the established importance of rodents as reservoirs of vector-borne zoonoses in East Africa, there is relatively limited information regarding the infestation parameters and host associations of ectoparasites that vector many such pathogens among small mammals in this region. Between 2009 and 2013, small mammals were live-trapped in the semiarid savanna of Kenya. A subset of these individual hosts, including 20 distinct host taxa, was examined for ectoparasites, which were identified to species. Species of fleas, ticks, mites, and sucking lice were recorded. Based on these data, we calculated host-specific infestation parameters, documented host preferences among ectoparasites, conducted a rarefaction analysis and extrapolation to determine if ectoparasites were adequately sampled, and assessed nestedness for fleas to understand how pathogens might spread in this system. We found that the flea community structure was significantly nested. Understanding the ectoparasite network structure may have significant human relevance, as at least seven of the ectoparasite species collected are known vectors of pathogens of medical importance in the region, including Yersinia pestis, Rickettsia spp., and Theileria parva, the causative agents of plague, spotted fevers and other rickettsial illnesses in humans, and theileriosis, respectively. C1 [Guerra, Ana Sofia; Young, Hillary S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Eckerlin, Ralph P.] Northern Virginia Community Coll, Div Nat Sci, Annandale, VA 22003 USA. [Dowling, Ashley P. G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Durden, Lance A.] Georgia Southern Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Robbins, Richard G.] Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Off Assistant Secretary Def Energy Installat & En, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Dittmar, Katharina] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Helgen, Kristofer M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Agwanda, Bernard] Natl Museums Kenya, Mammal Sect, Nairobi, Kenya. [Allan, Brian F.; Hedlund, Tyler] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL USA. RP Guerra, AS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM ana.sofia.guerra@lifesci.ucsb.edu; reckerlin@nvcc.edu; adowling@uark.edu; ldurden@georgiasouthern.edu; richard.g.robbins.civ@mail.mil; kd52@buffalo.edu; helgenk@si.edu; benrisky@gmail.com; ballan@life.illinois.edu; pannaking22@aol.com; hillary.young@lifesci.ucsb.edu FU James Smithson Fund of the Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society [8846-10]; National Science Foundation [DEB-09-09670]; Smithsonian Barcode Network; Stanford's Woods Institute for the Environment; Smithsonian Institution Women's Committee (SWC) [22, 44] FX We thank Jack Silanje, Peter Lokeny, Everlyn Ndinda, Stephen Nyaga, Anne Adelson, Benjamin Boyce, Cara Brook, Jac Hyde, Lacey Hughey, Jennifer Guyton, and Pasha Feinberg for their assistance throughout this project. We thank S. Miller, A. Bergman, A. Driskell, D. Lunde, J. Ososky, F. Shockley, and L. Helgen for assistance at the Smithsonian Institution. We also thank the Kenyan Government, Kenya Wildlife Service, National Museums Kenya, Mpala Research Centre, Ol Jogi Ranch, Ol Pejeta Ranch, Segera Ranch, Ol Maisor Ranch, and the Lekiji, Il Motiok, Koija, Lododo, Narok, Il Polei, Thome, Marura, and Kimugandura communities for their assistance in facilitating this research. Financial support for this project cattle from the James Smithson Fund of the Smithsonian Institution, the National Geographic Society (grant 8846-10), National Science Foundation (DEB-09-09670), Smithsonian Barcode Network, Stanford's Woods Institute for the Environment, and Smithsonian Institution Women's Committee (SWC 22 and 44). All small mammal trappings and sampling were conducted in accordance with institutional animal care and use permits (Smithsonian Institution IACUC permit 2009-04) and the guidelines of the American Society of Mammalogists for the use of wild mammals in research. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 851 EP 860 DI 10.1093/jme/tjw048 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DQ4WL UT WOS:000379204800014 PM 27113102 ER PT J AU Fisher, JB Sweeney, S Brzostek, ER Evans, TP Johnson, DJ Myers, JA Bourg, NA Wolf, AT Howe, RW Phillips, RP AF Fisher, Joshua B. Sweeney, Sean Brzostek, Edward R. Evans, Tom P. Johnson, Daniel J. Myers, Jonathan A. Bourg, Norman A. Wolf, Amy T. Howe, Robert W. Phillips, Richard P. TI Tree-mycorrhizal associations detected remotely from canopy spectral properties SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE canopy; landscape; mycorrhizae; nutrients; remote sensing; species; spectral ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; TEMPERATE FORESTS; INDIVIDUAL TREES; DECIDUOUS FOREST; CARBON STORAGE; NORTH-AMERICA; LAND MODEL; NITROGEN AB A central challenge in global ecology is the identification of key functional processes in ecosystems that scale, but donot require, data for individual species across landscapes. Given that nearly all tree species form symbiotic relationships with one of two types of mycorrhizal fungi - arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi - and that AM- and ECM-dominated forests often have distinct nutrient economies, the detection and mapping of mycorrhizae over large areas could provide valuable insights about fundamental ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling, species interactions, and overall forest productivity. We explored remotely sensed tree canopy spectral properties to detect underlying mycorrhizal association across a gradient of AM- and ECM-dominated forest plots. Statistical mining of reflectance and reflectance derivatives across moderate/high-resolution Landsat data revealed distinctly unique phenological signals that differentiated AM and ECM associations. This approach was trained and validated against measurements of tree species and mycorrhizal association across similar to 130000 trees throughout the temperate United States. We were able to predict 77% of the variation in mycorrhizal association distribution within the forest plots (P<0.001). The implications for this work move us toward mapping mycorrhizal association globally and advancing our understanding of biogeochemical cycling and other ecosystem processes. C1 [Fisher, Joshua B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Fisher, Joshua B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, 607 Charles Young Dr East,Young Hall 4242, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Sweeney, Sean; Evans, Tom P.] Indiana Univ, Ctr Study Inst Populat & Environm Change CIPEC, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA. [Brzostek, Edward R.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, 53 Campus Dr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Evans, Tom P.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Student Bldg 120, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Johnson, Daniel J.] Yale Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, Kroon Hall,195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Myers, Jonathan A.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Bourg, Norman A.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk,1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Bourg, Norman A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Eastern Branch, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS430, Reston, VA USA. [Wolf, Amy T.; Howe, Robert W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nat & Appl Sci, 2420 Nicolet Dr, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA. [Wolf, Amy T.; Howe, Robert W.] Univ Wisconsin, Cofrin Ctr Biodivers, 2420 Nicolet Dr, Green Bay, WI 54311 USA. [Phillips, Richard P.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, 247 Jordan Hall,1001 E Third St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Fisher, JB (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.; Fisher, JB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, 607 Charles Young Dr East,Young Hall 4242, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM joshbfisher@gmail.com OI Bourg, Norman/0000-0002-7443-1992; Fisher, Joshua/0000-0003-4734-9085 FU Indiana Academy of Sciences; CTFS-ForestGEO; 1923 Fund; Smithsonian Institution; Washington University in St. Louis' Tyson Research Center; International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy and Sustainability (I-CARES); US Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program; US National Science Foundation Ecosystem Science Program; Indiana University's Research and Teaching Preserve; Indiana University's Office of the Vice Provost for Research; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX Tree data were collected by many investigators at the Smithsonian Institution's CTFS-ForestGEO, a global network of forest dynamics plots coordinated by Stuart Davies, Richard Condit, Sean McMahon, and many others. We thank Jeremy Degler, Mark Sheehan, Anthony Sipes, and Andrew Quebbeman for mapping the plot data for LDW; funding for LDW was provided by the Indiana Academy of Sciences and CTFS-ForestGEO. We thank William McShea for providing the plot data for SCBI. Major contributors to the WFD data include Kathryn Corio, Juniper Sundance, and Gary Fewless, with funding from the 1923 Fund and Smithsonian Institution. TRCP is supported by Washington University in St. Louis' Tyson Research Center, with funding provided by the International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy and Sustainability (I-CARES); more than 60 high school students, undergraduate students, and researchers contributed to the TRCP. Anonymous reviewers provided useful suggestions. Funding for the remote sensing analysis was provided by the US Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program; the US National Science Foundation Ecosystem Science Program; Indiana University's Research and Teaching Preserve; and Indiana University's Office of the Vice Provost for Research. JBF carried out the research at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and at the University of California at Los Angeles. Government sponsorship acknowledged. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 22 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 22 IS 7 BP 2596 EP 2607 DI 10.1111/gcb.13264 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DP8BD UT WOS:000378722000025 PM 27282323 ER PT J AU Rebollar, EA Hughey, MC Medina, D Harris, RN Ibanez, R Belden, LK AF Rebollar, Eria A. Hughey, Myra C. Medina, Daniel Harris, Reid N. Ibanez, Roberto Belden, Lisa K. TI Skin bacterial diversity of Panamanian frogs is associated with host susceptibility and presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SALAMANDER PLETHODON-CINEREUS; POPULATION DECLINES; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; CUTANEOUS BACTERIA; SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA; BIOFILM FORMATION; GUT MICROBIOME; DISEASE; FUNGUS; INFECTION AB Symbiotic bacteria on amphibian skin can inhibit growth of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) that has caused dramatic population declines and extinctions of amphibians in the Neotropics. It remains unclear how the amphibians' skin microbiota is influenced by environmental bacterial reservoirs, host-associated factors such as susceptibility to pathogens, and pathogen presence in tropical amphibians. We sampled skin bacteria from five co-occurring frog species that differ in Bd susceptibility at one Bd-naive site, and sampled one of the non-susceptible species from Bd-endemic and Bd-naive sites in Panama. We hypothesized that skin bacterial communities (1) would be distinct from the surrounding environment regardless of the host habitat, (2) would differ between Bd susceptible and non-susceptible species and (3) would differ on hosts in Bd-naive and Bd-endemic sites. We found that skin bacterial communities were enriched in bacterial taxa that had low relative abundances in the environment. Non-susceptible species had very similar skin bacterial communities that were enriched in particular taxa such as the genera Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. Bacterial communities of Craugastor fitzingeri in Bd-endemic sites were less diverse than in the naive site, and differences in community structure across sites were explained by changes in relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Our results indicate that skin microbial structure was associated with host susceptibility to Bd and might be associated to the history of Bd presence at different sites. C1 [Rebollar, Eria A.; Harris, Reid N.] James Madison Univ, Dept Biol, 951 Carrier Dr,MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Hughey, Myra C.; Medina, Daniel; Belden, Lisa K.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Ibanez, Roberto; Belden, Lisa K.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Rebollar, EA (reprint author), James Madison Univ, Dept Biol, 951 Carrier Dr,MSC 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. EM ea.rebollar@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation Grants [DEB-1136602, DEB-1136640] FX We thank guides Gustavo, Alonzo and Evelio for assistance in the field. We thank M Bletz for technical assistance in the laboratory and S Ramirez-Barahona for constructive comments to the manuscript. Scientific collection permits were provided by the Panamanian authorities (Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente): permits SE/A-47-12, SEX/A-65-12, SEX/A-77-12 and SEX/A-89-12. Animal care protocols were approved by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's Animal Care Committee: protocol 2011-1110-2014 and by Virginia Tech's Animal Care Committee: protocol 11-105- BIOL. This project was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants: DEB-1136602 (to RNH) and DEB-1136640 (LSB). NR 79 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 22 U2 37 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 10 IS 7 BP 1682 EP 1695 DI 10.1038/ismej.2015.234 PG 14 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA DP2BC UT WOS:000378292100012 PM 26744810 ER PT J AU Hoyos-Santillan, J Craigon, J Lomax, BH Lopez, OR Turner, BL Sjogersten, S AF Hoyos-Santillan, Jorge Craigon, Jim Lomax, Barry H. Lopez, Omar R. Turner, Benjamin L. Sjogersten, Sofie TI Root oxygen loss from Raphia taedigera palms mediates greenhouse gas emissions in lowland neotropical peatlands SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Tropical peatland; Raphia taedigera; Oxygen loss; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide ID NITROUS-OXIDE FLUXES; METHANE EMISSIONS; TROPICAL PEAT; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; DIURNAL-VARIATION; WATER-TABLE; RICE FIELDS; CH4 FLUXES; CO2 FLUXES AB Aims Little is known about the influence of vegetation on the timing and quantities of greenhouse gas fluxes from lowland Neotropical peatlands to the atmosphere. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated if palm forests moderate greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical peatlands due to radial oxygen loss from roots into the peat matrix. Methods We compared the diurnal pattern of greenhouse gas fluxes from peat monoliths with and without seedlings of Raphia taedigera palm, and monitored the effect of land use change on greenhouse gas fluxes from R. taedigera palm swamps in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Results CH4 fluxes from peat monoliths with R. taedigera seedlings varied diurnally, with the greatest emissions during daytime. Radial oxygen loss from the roots of R. taedigera seedlings partially supressed CH4 emissions at midday; this suppression increased as seedlings grew. On a larger scale, removal of R. taedigera palms for agriculture increased CH4 and N2O fluxes, but decreased CO2 fluxes when compared to nearby intact palm forest. The net impact of forest clearance was a doubling of the radiative forcing. Conclusions R. taedigera palm forest influences the emission of greenhouse gases from lowland tropical peatlands through radial oxygen loss into the rhizosphere. C1 [Hoyos-Santillan, Jorge; Craigon, Jim; Lomax, Barry H.; Sjogersten, Sofie] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biosci, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England. [Lopez, Omar R.] Inst Invest Cient & Servicios Alta Tecnol INDICAS, Clayton, Panama. [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Hoyos-Santillan, J (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Biosci, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England. EM jhoyosantillan@hotmail.com RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Lomax, Barry/B-1136-2010; OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Lomax, Barry/0000-0003-0475-7839; Hoyos, Jorge/0000-0001-6295-9485; Craigon, Jim/0000-0003-4570-5138 FU National Council on Science and Technology (CONACyT) [211962]; National Secretariat for Science and Technology of the Republic of Panama [COL10-042] FX Jorge Hoyos-Santillan thanks the National Council on Science and Technology (CONACyT) for a PhD scholarship (211962). O.R. Lopez was funded by the National Secretariat for Science and Technology of the Republic of Panama (grants COL10-042, SENACYT). We thank the Light Hawk program for its support, Erick Brown for field assistance, and Gabriel Jacome, Plinio Gondola, Tania Romero, Dianne de la Cruz, and Dayana Agudo for logistical support and laboratory assistance. NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JUL PY 2016 VL 404 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 60 DI 10.1007/s11104-016-2824-2 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DP5RY UT WOS:000378556400004 ER PT J AU Guerrero-Ramirez, NR Craven, D Messier, C Potvin, C Turner, BL Handa, IT AF Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly R. Craven, Dylan Messier, Christian Potvin, Catherine Turner, Benjamin L. Handa, I. Tanya TI Root quality and decomposition environment, but not tree species richness, drive root decomposition in tropical forests SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity experiments; Belowground processes; Non-additive effects; Nutrient cycling; Functional traits; Soils ID LEAF-LITTER DECOMPOSITION; MIXED-EFFECTS MODELS; FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; WOOD DECOMPOSITION; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; GLOBAL PATTERNS; SOIL NUTRIENTS; PLANT TRAITS; RAIN-FORESTS AB Background and aims Tropical forests contribute significantly to the global carbon cycle, yet the relative importance of tree diversity on key ecosystem processes such as root decomposition remains unknown. Methods We examined the influence of tree species richness on root decomposition over 485 days at two sites in Panama with contrasting soil fertility. Diversity effects on decomposition rates were calculated where 1) overstory tree species richness and composition matched that occurring inside root decomposition bags and 2) where roots of contrasting species richness decomposed under a common tree overstory. In addition, we tested 27 root traits to identify those that contribute to predict root decomposition in tropical forests. Results Tree species richness did not affect root decomposition rates, neither when species were manipulated within bags nor with varying tree overstory richness. Root carbon quality and micronutrient concentrations such as manganese explained 47 and 81 % of the variation in decomposition rates in the fertile and infertile site, respectively, demonstrating that the relative importance of traits was modulated by the soil environment. Conclusions Our results suggest that root decomposition in tropical forests is mediated by root functional composition and the soil environment rather than by species richness. C1 [Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly R.; Messier, Christian; Handa, I. Tanya] Univ Quebec, CFR, Dept Sci Biol, CP 8888,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly R.; Craven, Dylan] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly R.; Craven, Dylan] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, Johannisallee 21, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Messier, Christian] Univ Quebec Outaouais, ISFORT, Dept Sci Nat, Gatineau, PQ, Canada. [Potvin, Catherine; Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Potvin, Catherine] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Dr Penfield, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. RP Guerrero-Ramirez, NR (reprint author), German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. EM kirana1015@gmail.com RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Craven, Dylan/0000-0003-3940-833X FU Fonds de Recherche, Nature et Technologie du Quebec; NSERC; Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science FX This study was made possible due to the collaboration of members of the Sardinilla Project, the Agua Salud Project, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) and the Center for Forest Research (CFR). We thank Jefferson Hall for permission to work at Agua Salud and for his feedback during project development. We thank Jose Ceballos (STRI) for microscopy assistance; Jose Monteza, Santiago, Abdiel, and Lady Mancilla for field and logistical assistance (Sardinilla); Daniela Weber, Anabel Rivas and, Federico for field and logistical assistance (Agua Salud); Tania Romero, Dayana Agudo, and Luis Ramos for support in the soil lab (STRI), Bill Parsons for C, N and fibre analysis assistance (CFR) and Alain Paquette and Steven Kembel for revising earlier versions of this manuscript. This study received support from a Young Researcher's start-up grant by the Fonds de Recherche, Nature et Technologie du Quebec to ITH, NSERC Discovery grants to ITH, CM and CP and a fellowship from the Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science to NGR. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JUL PY 2016 VL 404 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 139 DI 10.1007/s11104-016-2828-y PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA DP5RY UT WOS:000378556400010 ER PT J AU Lapotre, MGA Ewing, RC Lamb, MP Fischer, WW Grotzinger, JP Rubin, DM Lewis, KW Ballard, MJ Day, M Gupta, S Banham, SG Bridges, NT Des Marais, DJ Fraeman, AA Grant, JA Herkenhoff, KE Ming, DW Mischna, MA Rice, MS Sumner, DA Vasavada, AR Yingst, RA AF Lapotre, M. G. A. Ewing, R. C. Lamb, M. P. Fischer, W. W. Grotzinger, J. P. Rubin, D. M. Lewis, K. W. Ballard, M. J. Day, M. Gupta, S. Banham, S. G. Bridges, N. T. Des Marais, D. J. Fraeman, A. A. Grant, J. A. Herkenhoff, K. E. Ming, D. W. Mischna, M. A. Rice, M. S. Sumner, D. A. Vasavada, A. R. Yingst, R. A. TI Large wind ripples on Mars: A record of atmospheric evolution SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MERIDIANI-PLANUM; SAND RIPPLES; BEDFORMS; CRATER; DUNES; WATER; MODEL AB Wind blowing over sand on Earth produces decimeter-wavelength ripples and hundred-meter-to kilometer-wavelength dunes: bedforms of two distinct size modes. Observations from the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter reveal that Mars hosts a third stable wind-driven bedform, with meter-scale wavelengths. These bedforms are spatially uniform in size and typically have asymmetric profiles with angle-of-repose lee slopes and sinuous crest lines, making them unlike terrestrial wind ripples. Rather, these structures resemble fluid-drag ripples, which on Earth include water-worked current ripples, but on Mars instead form by wind because of the higher kinematic viscosity of the low-density atmosphere. A reevaluation of the wind-deposited strata in the Burns formation (about 3.7 billion years old or younger) identifies potential wind-drag ripple stratification formed under a thin atmosphere. C1 [Lapotre, M. G. A.; Lamb, M. P.; Fischer, W. W.; Grotzinger, J. P.; Fraeman, A. A.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ewing, R. C.; Ballard, M. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Rubin, D. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Lewis, K. W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Day, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gupta, S.; Banham, S. G.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Bridges, N. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Des Marais, D. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Fraeman, A. A.; Mischna, M. A.; Vasavada, A. R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Grant, J. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Herkenhoff, K. E.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Ming, D. W.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Rice, M. S.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Geol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Sumner, D. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Yingst, R. A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Lapotre, MGA (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM mlapotre@caltech.edu FU NASA; UK Space Agency; NASA MSL Participating Scientist program; KISS Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship; Caltech GPS Division Texaco Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank the MSL engineering and science teams; the Mastcam team; Malin Space Science Systems, who made the rover observations possible; and B. Ehlmann and K. Edgett for insightful comments. Data presented in this paper are archived in the Planetary Data System (https://pds.nasa.gov/), and our compilation is available in the supplementary materials (data tables S1 and S2). Part of this research was carried out at the Propultion Laboutatory-Caltech, under a contract with NASA. Work in the United Kingdom was funded by the UK Space Agency. D.M.R. was funded by the NASA MSL Participating Scientist program, and A.A.F. by a KISS Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship and a Caltech GPS Division Texaco Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 12 U2 23 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 1 PY 2016 VL 353 IS 6294 BP 55 EP 58 DI 10.1126/science.aaf3206 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DP9KX UT WOS:000378816200033 PM 27365444 ER PT J AU Pages, M Fabre, PH Chaval, Y Mortelliti, A Nicolas, V Wells, K Michaux, JR Lazzari, V AF Pages, Marie Fabre, Pierre-Henri Chaval, Yannick Mortelliti, Alessio Nicolas, Violaine Wells, Konstans Michaux, Johan R. Lazzari, Vincent TI Molecular phylogeny of South-East Asian arboreal murine rodents SO ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR GENE-SEQUENCES; MUS-RATTUS DIVERGENCE; MUROID RODENTS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; ENDEMIC RODENTS; MIXED MODELS; MITOCHONDRIAL; MURIDAE; RATTINI; MICE AB Recent phylogenetic studies and taxonomic reviews have led to nearly complete resolution of the phylogenetic divisions within the old world rats and mice (Muridae, Murinae). The Micromys division and Pithecheir division are two notable exceptions where groupings of species into these divisions based on morphology and arboreal lifestyle have not been supported by phylogenetic evidence. Several enigmatic species from these divisions have been missing from molecular studies, preventing a rigorous revision of phylogenetic relationships. In this study, we sequenced for the first time one mitochondrial and three nuclear genes from South-East Asian keystone species of these two arboreal divisions: Hapalomys delacouri (Micromys division), Lenothrix canus and Pithecheir parvus (Pithecheir division). We also complemented the molecular data already available for the two divisions with new data from Sundaic Chiropodomys, Indian Vandeleuria oleracea and the recently described Sulawesian Margaretamys christinae. Using this new phylogenetic framework and molecular dating methodologies, our study allows some more detailed classification of the former Micromys and Pithecheir divisions, while confirming their polyphyletic status. Specifically, the former Micromys division should now be split into four monotypic divisions: Chiropodomys, Hapalomys, Micromys and Vandeleuria divisions. The former Pithecheir division is likely to be refined and restricted to Pithecheir and probably Pithecheirops, whereas Lenothrix and Margaretamys should now be recognized as representatives of the Dacnomys division. Our findings have profound implications with regard to the systematics of Murinae, as well as to the early evolution of murine morphology and dental characters. C1 [Pages, Marie] Univ Montpellier, Inst Sci Evolut Montpellier, CNRS, IRD,EPHE, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Pages, Marie; Michaux, Johan R.] Univ Liege, Inst Bot, Unite Genet Conservat, B-4000 Liege, Sart Tilman, Belgium. [Pages, Marie; Chaval, Yannick] INRA, UMR CBGP, IRD, Cirad,Montpellier SupAgro, Campus Int Baillarguet,CS 30016, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Fabre, Pierre-Henri] Harvard Museum Comparat Zool, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fabre, Pierre-Henri] Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 108, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Mortelliti, Alessio] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, 5755 Nutting Hall,Room 228, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Nicolas, Violaine] Univ Paris 04, Museum Natl Hist Nat, EPHE, UPMC,CNRS,UMR 7205,ISYEB,Inst Systemat,Evolut,Bio, 57 Rue Cuvier,CP 51, F-75005 Paris, France. [Wells, Konstans] Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia. [Michaux, Johan R.] CIRAD, TA C-22-E Campus Int Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. [Lazzari, Vincent] CNRS, UMR 7262, INEE, Inst Paleoprimatol Paleontol Humaine Evolut & Pal, 6 Rue Michel Brunet, Poitiers, France. RP Pages, M (reprint author), Univ Montpellier, Inst Sci Evolut Montpellier, CNRS, IRD,EPHE, F-34095 Montpellier, France. EM marie.pages@univ-montp2.fr RI Wells, Konstans/A-7232-2010 OI Wells, Konstans/0000-0003-0377-2463 FU CERoPath project (French ANR Biodiversity) [ANR 07 BDIV 012]; BiodivHealthSEA project (French ANR CPES) [ANR 11 CPEL 002]; Economic Planning Unit Malaysia; Sabah Parks; Ambrose Monell Cryo Collection (AMCC) at the American Museum of Natural History, New York; Marie-Curie fellowship [PIOF-GA-2012-330582-CANARIP-RAT]; SYNTHESYS Foundation [GB-TAF-2735, GB-TAF-5026]; FRS-FNRS fellowship (Belgian Fund for Scientific Research); Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation fund [0925478]; network 'Bibliotheque du Vivant' - CNRS; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle; INRA; CEA (Centre National de Sequencage) FX We thank Ken Aplin, Eric Bazin, Alexandre Dehne-Garcia, Emmanuel Douzery, Lionel Hautier, Kristofer Helgen, Guy G. Musser and Kevin C. Rowe for helpful discussions. Thanks to Riccardo Castiglia for processing Margaretamys specimens. We are grateful to Francois Catzeflis for his comments and access to the Montpellier mammal skeleton and tissue collection. We thank the team of the CERoPath Project (www.ceropath.org) (and specially the drivers and the students) for sample collection, in particular Hul Vibol, Kim Aun, Kim Blasdell and Philippe Buchy in Cambodia, Kittipong Chaisiri in Thailand and Kone in Lao PDR. We are indebted to Serge Morand, as the coordinator of the CERoPath project (French ANR Biodiversity, grant ANR 07 BDIV 012) and the BiodivHealthSEA project (www.biodivhealthsea.org) (French ANR CP&ES, grant ANR 11 CPEL 002). We much appreciate field access, sampling permission and support in Malaysia (Economic Planning Unit Malaysia; Sabah Parks, in particular Maklarin B. Lakim, Alim Biun and Fred Tuh). We are grateful to the following people and institutions for granting access to study skins and skulls: Paula Jenkins, Samantha Oxford, Katherine Dixey and Roberto Portela Miguez (BMNH), Darrin Lunde, Nicole Edmison and Kristofer Helgen (NMH), Eileen Westwig, Neil Duncan and Robert Voss (AMNH), Larry Heaney and Danny Balete (FMNH); Geraldine Veron and Christiane Denys (MNHN), Steve van Der Mije (RMNH), Hans Baagoe and Mogens Andersen (ZMUC). We would like to acknowledge the Ambrose Monell Cryo Collection (AMCC) at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, for their support in our research. P.H.F. was funded by a Marie-Curie fellowship (PIOF-GA-2012-330582-CANARIP-RAT).). P.H.F. acknowledges the SYNTHESYS Foundation for funding his work in the BMNH collections (GB-TAF-2735 and GB-TAF-5026). M.P. was funded by an FRS-FNRS fellowship (Belgian Fund for Scientific Research). A. M. was supported by the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation fund (Project Number: 0925478). Analyses were performed on the CBGP HPC computational platform and CIPRES portal web. This project was supported by the network 'Bibliotheque du Vivant' funded by the CNRS, the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, the INRA and the CEA (Centre National de Sequencage). This is publication ISEM 2015-232. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0300-3256 EI 1463-6409 J9 ZOOL SCR JI Zool. Scr. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 45 IS 4 BP 349 EP 364 DI 10.1111/zsc.12161 PG 16 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA DP6VH UT WOS:000378636800001 ER PT J AU Bernal, B McKinley, DC Hungate, BA White, PM Mozdzer, TJ Megonigal, JP AF Bernal, Blanca McKinley, Duncan C. Hungate, Bruce A. White, Paul M. Mozdzer, Thomas J. Megonigal, J. Patrick TI Limits to soil carbon stability; Deep, ancient soil carbon decomposition stimulated by new labile organic inputs SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Alanine; Glucose; Deep carbon; Priming; Global change ID SCRUB-OAK ECOSYSTEM; ELEVATED CO2; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; AMINO-ACIDS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GRASSLAND SOIL; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Carbon (C) buried deep in soil (below 1 m) is often hundreds to thousands of years old, though the stability and sensitivity of this deep C to environmental change are not well understood. We examined the C dynamics in three soil horizons and their responses to changes in substrate availability in a coarse textured sandy spodosol (0.0-0.1, 1.0-13, and 2.7-3.0 m deep). Substrate additions were intended to mimic an increase in root exudates and available inorganic nitrogen (N) that would follow an increase of belowground biomass at depth, as previously found in a long-term CO2 enrichment experiment at this site. We incubated these soils for 60 days with glucose, alanine, and leaf litter, crossed with an inorganic N amendment equivalent to three times ambient concentrations. The organic substrates were isotopically labeled (C-13), allowing us to determine the source of mineralized C and assess the priming effect. Enzyme activity increased as much as 13 times in the two deeper horizons (1.0-1.3, and 2.7-3.0 m) after the addition of the organic substrates, even though the deepest horizon had microbial biomass and microbial phospholipid fatty acids below the level of detection before the experiment. The deepest horizon (2.7-3.0 m) yielded the largest priming response under alanine, indicating that microorganisms in these soil horizons can become active in response to input of organic substrates. Inorganic N amendments significantly decreased the priming effect, suggesting that decomposition may not be N limited. However, alanine (organic N) yielded the highest priming effect at every soil depth, indicating the importance of differentiating effect of organic and inorganic N on decomposition. Distinct priming effects with depth suggest that portions of the soil profile can respond differently to organic inputs. Our findings indicate that the deep soil C pools might be more vulnerable to environmental or anthropogenic change than previously thought, potentially influencing net CO2 exchange estimates between the land and the atmosphere. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bernal, Blanca; McKinley, Duncan C.; Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 5640,617 S Beaver St, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [White, Paul M.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Mozdzer, Thomas J.] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, 101 N Merion Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. RP Bernal, B; Megonigal, JP (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM bernalb@si.edu; dcmckinley@fs.fed.us; bruce.hungate@nau.edu; paul.white@ars.usda.gov; tmozdzer@brynmawr.edu; megonigalp@si.edu OI Mozdzer, Thomas/0000-0002-1053-0967 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0445324]; Department of Energy TES program [DE-SC0008339]; NASA Kennedy Space Center; US Fish and Wildlife Service, Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge FX This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (DEB-0445324) and from the Department of Energy TES program (DE-SC0008339). This project was accomplished with assistance of Maria Ceron-Castilla and Dr. Jason Keller. We acknowledge the help of Dr. Sean McMahon in the data analysis, and the support of NASA Kennedy Space Center, Dynamac 457 Corp. and US Fish and Wildlife Service, Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge. NR 82 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 37 U2 67 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 98 BP 85 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.04.007 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA DO8CC UT WOS:000378008900010 ER PT J AU Barreau, A Ibarra, JT Wyndham, FS Rojas, A Kozak, RA AF Barreau, Antonia Tomas Ibarra, Jose Wyndham, Felice S. Rojas, Alejandro Kozak, Robert A. TI HOW CAN WE TEACH OUR CHILDREN IF WE CANNOT ACCESS THE FOREST? GENERATIONAL CHANGE IN MAPUCHE KNOWLEDGE OF WILD EDIBLE PLANTS IN ANDEAN TEMPERATE ECOSYSTEMS OF CHILE SO JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE indigenous pedagogy; land loss; traditional ecological knowledge; knowledge transmission ID TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; ARAUCARIA-ARAUCANA FOREST; NORTHWESTERN PATAGONIA; NORTHEAST THAILAND; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; FOOD SECURITY; COMMUNITY; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT AB For many indigenous peoples, the contributions of wild edible plants go well beyond nourishment; they are often also used as dye and medicines, as well as markers of identity. However, historical and contemporary processes of land grabbing, forest loss, acculturation, and lifestyle changes may erode the transmission of plant knowledge to new generations. In this paper, we document 1) the botanical knowledge of wild edible plants and 2) perceived influences on the transmission of this knowledge to younger generations in a Mapuche community in Andean temperate forests, Chile. Thirty-seven people participated in this study. We conducted participant observation, freelists, and informal, photo-elicitation, and semi-structured interviews. A total of 47 wild edibles were recorded (42 plants were determined to species level by participants). Diguene (Cyttaria espinosae; Smith's Index of Saliency, S = 0.82) was the most salient wild edible, followed by changle (Ramaria flava, S = 0.68), maqui (Aristotelia chilensis, S = 0.67), murra (Rubus ulmifolius, S = 0.59), and pinon (Araucaria araucana, S = 0.56). Participants provided detailed information on species seasonality, ecology, and changes in availability over time. Most adult women and elders had a comprehensive knowledge of wild edibles. However, younger generations were not learning what the elders had once learned. The lack of access to forests and the formal school regime were reported as the main factors interrupting the transmission of knowledge. Because Mapuche pedagogy is oral and in situ, land loss and the school regime have left younger generations with few opportunities to engage in these forms of indigenous pedagogy. C1 [Barreau, Antonia; Kozak, Robert A.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Forests & Communities Transit FACT Lab, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Tomas Ibarra, Jose] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Local Dev Educ & Intercultural CEDEL, Villarrica Campus, Santiago, Chile. [Tomas Ibarra, Jose] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Sch Agr & Forestry Sci, Dept Ecosyst & Environm, Fauna Australis Wildlife Lab, Santiago, Chile. [Wyndham, Felice S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Wyndham, Felice S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Rojas, Alejandro] Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Food & Environm Program, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Ibarra, JT (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Local Dev Educ & Intercultural CEDEL, Villarrica Campus, Santiago, Chile.; Ibarra, JT (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Sch Agr & Forestry Sci, Dept Ecosyst & Environm, Fauna Australis Wildlife Lab, Santiago, Chile. EM jtibarra@uc.cl FU International Society of Ethnobiology (ISE) Darrell Posey Fellowship; Namkoong Family Fellowship; Rufford Small Grants Foundation; Mary and David Macaree Fellowship; VanDusen Graduate Fellowship in Forestry; Interdisciplinary Centre for Intercultural and Indigenous Studies-ICIIS [CONICYT/FONDAP/15110006]; Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) FX We are deeply grateful to Mapuche people from Menetue who generously participated in this project. This research was supported by the International Society of Ethnobiology (ISE) Darrell Posey Fellowship, the Namkoong Family Fellowship, the Rufford Small Grants Foundation, the Mary and David Macaree Fellowship, the VanDusen Graduate Fellowship in Forestry, and the Interdisciplinary Centre for Intercultural and Indigenous Studies-ICIIS (CONICYT/FONDAP/15110006). A. Barreau and J. T. Ibarra received post-graduate scholarships from Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT). NR 80 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 15 PU SOC ETHNOBIOLOGY PI DENTON PA UNIV NORTH TEXAS, DEPT GEOGRAPHY, 1155 UNION CIRCLE 305279, DENTON, TX 76203-5017 USA SN 0278-0771 EI 2162-4496 J9 J ETHNOBIOL JI J. Ethnobiol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 36 IS 2 BP 412 EP 432 PG 21 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DO1LT UT WOS:000377540300010 ER PT J AU Marks, CO Muller-Landau, HC Tilman, D AF Marks, Christian O. Muller-Landau, Helene C. Tilman, David TI Tree diversity, tree height and environmental harshness in eastern and western North America SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Alpha diversity; diversity gradients; environmental favourability; gamma diversity; harshness hypothesis; maximum tree height; site index; tree species richness ID SPECIES RICHNESS; LATITUDINAL GRADIENT; LIFE-HISTORY; RANGE LIMITS; PATTERNS; VEGETATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; HEMISPHERE; EVOLUTION; FORESTS AB Does variation in environmental harshness explain local and regional species diversity gradients? We hypothesise that for a given life form like trees, greater harshness leads to a smaller range of traits that are viable and thereby also to lower species diversity. On the basis of a strong dependence of maximum tree height on site productivity and other measures of site quality, we propose maximum tree height as an inverse measure of environmental harshness for trees. Our results show that tree species richness is strongly positively correlated with maximum tree height across multiple spatial scales in forests of both eastern and western North America. Maximum tree height co-varied with species richness along gradients from benign to harsh environmental conditions, which supports the hypothesis that harshness may be a general mechanism limiting local diversity and explaining diversity gradients within a biogeographic region. C1 [Marks, Christian O.] Nat Conservancys, Northampton, MA 01060 USA. [Muller-Landau, Helene C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Tilman, David] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Marks, CO (reprint author), Nat Conservancys, Northampton, MA 01060 USA. EM cmarks@tnc.org FU University of Minnesota; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies FX We thank Joe Wright, two anonymous reviewers and editors Tim Coulson and Richard Bardgett for comments on earlier drafts, and Charles 'Hobie' Perry for help with the FIA data. HM and DT thank the participants in the fall 2004 graduate seminar on Temperate and Tropical Plant Community Diversity at the University of Minnesota for stimulating discussions. CM is also grateful to Martin J. Lechowicz for earlier thought-provoking discussions. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the University of Minnesota, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and Le Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 14 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 19 IS 7 BP 743 EP 751 DI 10.1111/ele.12608 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DO1IR UT WOS:000377532200004 PM 27146846 ER PT J AU Stieb, DM Chen, L Hystad, P Beckerman, BS Jerrett, M Tjepkema, M Crouse, DL Omariba, DW Peters, PA van Donkelaar, A Martin, RV Burnett, RT Liu, SL Smith-Doiron, M Dugandzic, RM AF Stieb, David M. Chen, Li Hystad, Perry Beckerman, Bernardo S. Jerrett, Michael Tjepkema, Michael Crouse, Daniel L. Omariba, D. Walter Peters, Paul A. van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. Burnett, Richard T. Liu, Shiliang Smith-Doiron, Marc Dugandzic, Rose M. TI A national study of the association between traffic-related air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Canada, 1999-2008 SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Nitrogen dioxide; Traffic; Preterm birth; Birth weight ID TERM BIRTH-WEIGHT; AMBIENT NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; FETAL-GROWTH RESTRICTION; LAND-USE REGRESSION; PRETERM BIRTH; MATERNAL EXPOSURE; RESIDENTIAL-MOBILITY; LOS-ANGELES; COHORT; POLLUTANTS AB Numerous studies have examined the association of air pollution with preterm birth and birth weight outcomes. Traffic-related air pollution has also increasingly been identified as an important contributor to adverse health effects of air pollution. We employed a national nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure model to examine the association between NO2 and pregnancy outcomes in Canada between 1999 and 2008. National models for NO2 (and particulate matter of median aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) as a covariate) were developed using ground-based monitoring data, estimates from remote-sensing, land use variables and, for NO2, deterministic gradients relative to road traffic sources. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations with preterm birth, term low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA) and term birth weight, adjusting for covariates including infant sex, gestational age, maternal age and marital status, parity, urban/rural place of residence, maternal place of birth, season, year of birth and neighbourhood socioeconomic status and per cent visible minority. Associations were reduced considerably after adjustment for individual covariates and neighbourhood per cent visible minority, but remained significant for SGA (odds ratio 1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.06 per 20 ppb NO2) and term birth weight (16.2 g reduction, 95% CI 13.6-18.8 g per 20 ppb NO2). Associations with NO2 were of greater magnitude in a sensitivity analysis using monthly monitoring data, and among births to mothers born in Canada, and in neighbourhoods with higher incomes and a lower proportion of visible minorities. In two pollutant models, associations with NO2 were less sensitive to adjustment for PM2.5 than vice versa, and there was consistent evidence of a dose-response relationship for NO2 but not PM2.5. In this study of approximately 2.5 million Canadian births between 1999 and 2008, we found significant associations of NO2 with SGA and term birth weight which remained significant after adjustment for PM2.5, suggesting that traffic may be a particularly important source with respect to the role of air pollution as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Crown Copyright (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. C1 [Stieb, David M.] Hlth Canada, Populat Studies Div, 420-757 West Hastings St Fed Tower, Vancouver, BC V6C 1A1, Canada. [Chen, Li; Burnett, Richard T.; Smith-Doiron, Marc] Hlth Canada, Populat Studies Div, AL 1907A Tunneys Pasture, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Hystad, Perry] Oregon State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth & Human Sci, Milam Hall 20C, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Beckerman, Bernardo S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Geog Informat Hlth & Exposure Sci Lab GIS HEAL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jerrett, Michael] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 650 Charles E Young Dr South,56-070B CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Tjepkema, Michael] STAT Canada, Hlth Anal Div, 100 Tunneys Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, ON K1A OT6, Canada. [Crouse, Daniel L.; Peters, Paul A.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Sociol, Tilley Hall,Room 20,9 Macaulay Lane,POB 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. [Omariba, D. Walter] STAT Canada, Special Surveys Div, 100 Tunneys Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, ON K1A OT6, Canada. [van Donkelaar, Aaron; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, 6310 Coburg Rd,POB 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Liu, Shiliang] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Surveillance & Epidemiol Div, Maternal Child & Youth Hlth, 4th Floor,785 Carling Ave AL 6804A, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Dugandzic, Rose M.] Hlth Canada, Air Hlth Sci Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. RP Stieb, DM (reprint author), Hlth Canada, Populat Studies Div, 420-757 West Hastings St Fed Tower, Vancouver, BC V6C 1A1, Canada. EM dave.stieb@hc-sc.gc.ca; li.chen@hc-sc.gc.ca; perry.hystad@oregonstate.edu; beckerman@berkeley.edu; mjerrett@ucla.edu; michael.tjepkema@canada.ca; dan.crouse@unb.ca; walter.omariba@canada.ca; paul.peters@unb.ca; kelaar@dal.ca; randall.martin@dal.ca; rick.burnett@hc-sc.gc.ca; shiliang.liu@phac-aspc.gc.ca; marc.h.smith-doiron@hc-sc.gc.ca; rose.dugandzic@hc-sc.gc.ca RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; jerrett, michael/0000-0002-4121-0587 FU Health Canada [810427]; CDC Award [200-2010-37394]; National Institute of Environmental Health Science [5R01ES019573-04]; Statistics Canada and by Health Canada's Research Ethics Board [2011-0046] FX Funding was provided by Health Canada (Project no. 810427) and for some aspects of the work by CDC Award 200-2010-37394, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Science 5R01ES019573-04. The project was approved by Statistics Canada and by Health Canada's Research Ethics Board (#2011-0046). NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 14 U2 22 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 148 BP 513 EP 526 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2016.04.025 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DM9VC UT WOS:000376712800056 PM 27155984 ER PT J AU Blake, RE Duffy, JE AF Blake, Rachael E. Duffy, J. Emmett TI Influence of environmental stressors and grazer immigration on ecosystem properties of an experimental eelgrass community SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Seagrass; Stressors; Immigration; Propagules; Climate change ID ZOSTERA-MARINA L; SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION; LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; CO2 ENRICHMENT; SEAGRASS BEDS; IMPACTS; BIODIVERSITY; TEMPERATURE AB Anthropogenic stressors associated with climate change and shoreline development are increasingly impacting important habitats. But when multiple stressors act simultaneously, the results are often difficult to predict. Effects of multiple anthropogenic stressors and their interactions with community processes are of particular concern in estuarine habitats because of their vulnerability to anthropogenic impacts and their provision of valuable ecosystem services such as fisheries production and sediment stabilization. Two stressors, warming temperatures and reduced light availability due to suspended materials, are expected to simultaneously affect important habitats such as seagrass systems, but the impacts of these stressors may be influenced by community processes such as immigration. Immigration of propagules can alter diversity and relative species abundances, rescue populations from extinction, and modify the capacity of communities to respond to environmental conditions. Using an experimental eelgrass (Zostera marina) system, we examined how warming, reduced light availability (shading), and periodic immigration of crustacean grazers influenced diversity, biomass, and structure of this community. Shading generally had large effects, and reduced biomass of all primary producers but did not affect grazer biomass. Warming reduced epiphytic algal biomass but only in the absence of grazers, while it increased sessile invertebrate biomass overall. immigration of crustacean grazers did not interact significantly with stressors, and had little effect overall. Immigration did not influence diversity of grazers, relative abundance of grazer species, or biomass of primary producers and sessile invertebrates, however, it did increase biomass of grazers. Overall, reduced light availability by shading had strong effects on primary producers, whereas warming generally had weaker effects that differed with grazer presence. Thus, our results show that the impacts of reduced light availability and warming were independent and context specific, while crustacean grazer immigration effects were minimal in this model eelgrass system. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Blake, Rachael E.; Duffy, J. Emmett] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346,1375 Greate Rd, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Duffy, J. Emmett] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tannenbaum Marine Observ Network, POB 37,012 NHB MRC 106, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Blake, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, 735 State St,Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA. EM blake@nceas.ucsb.edu FU Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration FX Funding for this research was provided by a Graduate Research Fellowship from the Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This funding source was not involved in the design, collection, analysis, or reporting of this research. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 480 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2016.03.007 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DM9VV UT WOS:000376714700006 ER PT J AU Legan, L Retko, K Ropret, P AF Legan, Lea Retko, Klara Ropret, Polonca TI Vibrational spectroscopic study on degradation of alizarin carmine SO MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT TECHNART Conference CY APR 27-30, 2015 CL Catania, ITALY DE Alizarin carmine; Alizarin red S; Degradation; Reflection FTIR; SERS; Artworks ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; WORKS-OF-ART; SINGLE-NANOPARTICLE SERS; OIL-BASED VARNISHES; LONG-TERM BEHAVIOR; RED ORGANIC-DYES; FTIR CHARACTERIZATION; NATURAL DYES; LINSEED OIL; SURFACE AB Identification of organic dyes together with possible degradation products is often complicated in the field of cultural heritage. The main focus of this work is utilization and comparison between non-invasive reflection infrared spectroscopy, transmission infrared spectroscopy, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), a minimally invasive technique in order to understand the ageing behaviour of paint layers containing organic dye alizarin carmine (alizarin red S, sodium alizarin sulfonate, ARS) in lipid and proteinaceous binder. The results obtained with both Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies highlight a significant degradation of ARS paint layers where changes in hydroxyl, sulfonate, and carbonyl groups of alizarin red S were observed. In most of the cases, the intensity of IR bands belonging to the degraded alizarin red S was so weak or shifted that would make its positive identification questionable in an unknown sample. After all, it was apparent that SERS is a powerful technique to detect even the trace ARS molecules. Furthermore, degradation was even more pronounced for the paint layers of ARS combined with linseed oil. Namely, a transparent white layer of sodium sulfate was formed above the aged ARS glaze layer. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Legan, Lea; Retko, Klara; Ropret, Polonca] Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Res Inst, Poljanska 40, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Retko, Klara] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Chem & Chem Technol, Vecna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Legan, L (reprint author), Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Res Inst, Poljanska 40, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM lea.legan@zvkds.si; klara.retko@zvkds.si; polona.ropret@zvkds.si OI Legan, Lea/0000-0001-6451-0104 NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0026-265X EI 1095-9149 J9 MICROCHEM J JI Microchem J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 127 BP 36 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.microc.2016.02.002 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DM7OZ UT WOS:000376551200006 ER PT J AU Spec, T Peljhan, S Vidic, J Krajnc, NL Fonovic, M Tavzes, C Ropret, P AF Spec, Tanja Peljhan, Sebastijan Vidic, Jana Krajnc, Nika Lendero Fonovic, Marko Tavzes, Crtomir Ropret, Polonca TI CIM (R) monolith chromatography-enhanced ELISA detection of proteins in artists' paints: Ovalbumin as a case study SO MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Paints; Ovalbumin; CIM (R) chromatographic monoliths; Chromatography protein purification; ELISA ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; GC-MS CHARACTERIZATION; WORKS-OF-ART; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; COPPER PIGMENTS; BINDING MEDIA; AMINO-ACIDS; METAL-ION; IDENTIFICATION; ARTWORKS AB ELISA (Enzyme-linked ImmunoSorbent Assay), as one possible application of antibody-based methods, has proved to be a good candidate for the determination of proteins in works of art due to the low limit of detection, high sensitivity (in the nanogram range), specificity and micro invasiveness of required sampling. Despite the advantages of this method, interference by metal ions present in pigments, lipids, saccharides and in other components of paints, grounds, and varnishes may cause several problems for incontestable identification of proteins. To overcome the drawbacks of ELISA, a novel way to purify the extracted mixtures to predominantly protein fractions, by the DEAE-modified (weak anion exchange) CIM (Convective Interaction Media) chromatographic monoliths was introduced. Utilisation of monolithic chromatographic supports greatly enhanced the ELISA detection of ovalbumin in the model paint samples (aged and non-aged), for at least one tenfold dilution of a sample. In several cases the purification enabled detection of the target protein, otherwise not possible with non-purified samples. For the first time in the field of Cultural Heritage, the combined approach of ELISA and GM monolith-supported extraction was successfully tested also for the detection of protein in real-case paint layers. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Spec, Tanja; Tavzes, Crtomir; Ropret, Polonca] Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Res Inst, Poljanska 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Peljhan, Sebastijan; Vidic, Jana; Krajnc, Nika Lendero] BIA Separat, Mirce 21, Ajdovscina 5270, Slovenia. [Fonovic, Marko] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Fonovic, Marko] Ctr Excellence Integrated Approaches Chem & Biol, Jamova Cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Spec, T (reprint author), Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Res Inst, Poljanska 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM tanja.spec@zvkds.si FU Slovenian Research Agency [L6-4217, P4-0369]; European Union; European Social Fund; Republic of Slovenia, Ministry for Education, Science and Sport [3330-13-500221] FX The financial support of the Slovenian Research Agency (grant L6-4217 and P4-0369) is gratefully acknowledged. This paper is also a result of doctoral research, in part financed by the European Union, European Social Fund and the Republic of Slovenia, Ministry for Education, Science and Sport within the framework of the Operational programme for human resources development for the period 2007 - 2013 (operation no. 3330-13-500221). NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0026-265X EI 1095-9149 J9 MICROCHEM J JI Microchem J. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 127 BP 102 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.microc.2016.02.004 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA DM7OZ UT WOS:000376551200015 ER PT J AU Gordon, IE Perevalov, VI Ponomarev, YN AF Gordon, Iouli E. Perevalov, Valery I. Ponomarev, Yurii N. TI Preface to the HighRus-2015 special issue of JQSRT SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gordon, Iouli E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Perevalov, Valery I.; Ponomarev, Yurii N.] Russian Acad Sci, Zuev VE Inst Atmospher Opt, Siberian Branch, 1 Academician Zuev Sq, Tomsk 634021, Russia. RP Gordon, IE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM igordon@cfa.harvard.edu; vip@lts.iao.ru; yupon@iao.ru RI Ponomarev, Yuri/A-5407-2014 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 177 SI SI BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.03.025 PG 3 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA DL6GV UT WOS:000375738600001 ER PT J AU Hill, C Gordon, IE Kochanov, RV Barrett, L Wilzewski, JS Rothman, LS AF Hill, Christian Gordon, Iouli E. Kochanov, Roman V. Barrett, Lorenzo Wilzewski, Jonas S. Rothman, Laurence S. TI HITRANonline: An online interface and the flexible representation of spectroscopic data in the HITRAN database SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Symposium on High-Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy (HIghRus) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2015 CL Tomsk, RUSSIA SP RAS, V E Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt SB, Russian Fdn Basic Res DE Line-lists; Radiative transfer; Databases; HITRAN ID COEFFICIENTS AB We describe a new, online interface to the HITRAN database that overcomes the many limitations of the existing, 160-character fixed-width, text based format (the ".par" files mostly distributed through an HP site until now). The interface, called HITRANonline, accesses a relational database [JQSRT 2013:130, 57-61] in which the spectroscopic data are stored in a flexible, extensible and structured format. This allows an arbitrary number of different parameters for each transition to be stored so that HITRAN can represent, for example, non-Voigt line shape profiles as well as parameters representing broadening by species other than "air" and "self". The online interface provides many ways of visualizing data as part of querying the database and allows users to create and save their own output formats to suit their own needs. A bibliography file produced with each data file provides citations and notes to the original data sources to make it easier for users to credit data providers. Once registered with the HITRANonline service, users also have (private) access to thier own search history which summarizes and can repeat queries. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hill, Christian; Gordon, Iouli E.; Kochanov, Roman V.; Barrett, Lorenzo; Wilzewski, Jonas S.; Rothman, Laurence S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hill, Christian] UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Kochanov, Roman V.] Tomsk State Univ, Lab Quantum Mech Mol & Radiat Proc, 36 Lenina Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia. [Barrett, Lorenzo] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Wilzewski, Jonas S.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany. [Wilzewski, Jonas S.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. RP Hill, C (reprint author), UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. RI Wilzewski, Jonas/M-7985-2016; Kochanov, Roman/E-8679-2014; OI Wilzewski, Jonas/0000-0002-1392-2966; Kochanov, Roman/0000-0001-5165-5099; Gordon, Iouli/0000-0003-4763-2841 NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 177 SI SI BP 4 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2015.12.012 PG 11 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA DL6GV UT WOS:000375738600002 ER PT J AU Kochanov, RV Gordon, IE Rothman, LS Wcislo, P Hill, C Wilzewski, JS AF Kochanov, R. V. Gordon, I. E. Rothman, L. S. Wcislo, P. Hill, C. Wilzewski, J. S. TI HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI): A comprehensive approach to working with spectroscopic data SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Symposium on High-Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy (HIghRus) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2015 CL Tomsk, RUSSIA SP RAS, V E Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt SB, Russian Fdn Basic Res DE HITRAN; Application Programming Interface; API; Spectra simulation; HITRANonline ID EDITION AB The HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI) is presented. HAPI is a free Python library, which extends the capabilities of the HITRANonline interface (www.hitran.org) and can be used to filter and process the structured spectroscopic data. HAPI incorporates a set of tools for spectra simulation accounting for the temperature, pressure, optical path length, and instrument properties. HAPI is aimed to facilitate the spectroscopic data analysis and the spectra simulation based on the line-by-line data, such as from the HITRAN database [JQSRT (2013) 130, 4-50], allowing the usage of the non-Voigt line profile parameters, custom temperature and pressure dependences, and partition sums. The HAPI functions allow the user to control the spectra simulation and data filtering process via a set of the function parameters. HAPI can be obtained at its homepage www.hitran.org/hapi. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kochanov, R. V.; Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.; Wcislo, P.; Hill, C.; Wilzewski, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kochanov, R. V.] Tomsk State Univ, Lab Quantum Mech Mol & Radiat Proc, 36 Lenina Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia. [Wcislo, P.] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ Torun, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Hill, C.] UCL, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Wilzewski, J. S.] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Munich, Germany. [Wilzewski, J. S.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, Bavaria, Germany. RP Kochanov, RV (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rkochanov@cfa.harvard.edu RI Wilzewski, Jonas/M-7985-2016; Kochanov, Roman/E-8679-2014; Wcislo, Piotr/C-9562-2015; OI Wilzewski, Jonas/0000-0002-1392-2966; Kochanov, Roman/0000-0001-5165-5099; Wcislo, Piotr/0000-0001-7909-4473; Gordon, Iouli/0000-0003-4763-2841 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 177 SI SI BP 15 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.03.005 PG 16 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA DL6GV UT WOS:000375738600003 ER PT J AU Nikitin, AV Dmitrieva, TA Gordon, IE AF Nikitin, A. V. Dmitrieva, T. A. Gordon, I. E. TI Improved spectroscopic line list of methyl chloride in the 1900-2600 cm(-1) spectral region SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Symposium on High-Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy (HIghRus) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2015 CL Tomsk, RUSSIA SP RAS, V E Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt SB, Russian Fdn Basic Res DE Methyl chloride; High resolution molecular spectroscopy; Infrared; Global analysis; Vibrational polyad; Line positions; Line intensities ID SELF-BROADENING COEFFICIENTS; VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY LEVELS; DIPOLE-MOMENT SURFACES; MIRS COMPUTER PACKAGE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ROVIBRATIONAL SPECTRA; POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; (CH3)-C-12 CL-37; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GLOBAL ANALYSIS AB Parameters of line positions and line intensities up to 2 x 10(-25) cm(-1)/(molecule cm(-2)) for (CH3Cl)-C-12-Cl-35 and (CH3Cl)-C-12-Cl-37 were retrieved from the Fourier transform spectra in the range of 1900-2600 cm(-1). Line intensities were scaled with measurements from literature. Measured line positions and intensities were treated using global effective Hamiltonian and dipole moment model. The RMS of intensity fitting was 7.4% for (CH3Cl)-C-12-Cl-35 and 6.6% for (CH3Cl)-C-12-Cl-37. List of positions and intensities were calculated for 22,098 and 21,014 lines between 1900 and 2600 cm(-1) for (CH3Cl)-C-12-Cl-35 and (CH3Cl)-C-12-Cl-37, respectively. Updated intensities allow extending assignments. The new line list of positions and intensities for both isotopologues in this spectral region was calculated. The calculations from the line list of this work have been compared with values from the HITRAN2012 database and PNNL spectra. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nikitin, A. V.] SB RAS, VE Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt, Lab Theoret Spect, 1 Academician Zuev Sq, Tomsk 634021, Russia. [Dmitrieva, T. A.] Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, 30 Lenin Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia. [Gordon, I. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Nikitin, AV (reprint author), SB RAS, VE Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt, Lab Theoret Spect, 1 Academician Zuev Sq, Tomsk 634021, Russia. EM avn@lts.iao.ru RI Nikitin, Andrei/K-2624-2013; OI Nikitin, Andrei/0000-0002-4280-4096; Gordon, Iouli/0000-0003-4763-2841 NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 177 SI SI BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.03.007 PG 10 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA DL6GV UT WOS:000375738600006 ER PT J AU Wcislo, P Gordon, IE Tran, H Tan, Y Hu, SM Campargue, A Kassi, S Romanini, D Hill, C Kochanov, RV Rothman, LS AF Wcislo, P. Gordon, I. E. Tran, H. Tan, Y. Hu, S. -M. Campargue, A. Kassi, S. Romanini, D. Hill, C. Kochanov, R. V. Rothman, L. S. TI The implementation of non-Voigt line profiles in the HITRAN database: H-2 case study SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Symposium on High-Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy (HIghRus) CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2015 CL Tomsk, RUSSIA SP RAS, V E Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt SB, Russian Fdn Basic Res DE HITRAN; Spectroscopic database; Spectral line shapes; Molecular hydrogen; Dicke narrowing; Speed-dependent effects ID ELECTRIC QUADRUPOLE TRANSITIONS; ENHANCED ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; SPEED DEPENDENCE; SPECTRAL-LINES; MU-M; ROTATIONAL RELAXATION; SHAPE PARAMETERS; INFRARED-SPECTRA; BROADENED HF AB Experimental capabilities of molecular spectroscopy and its applications nowadays require a sub-percent or even sub-per mine accuracy of the representation of the shapes of molecular transitions. This implies the necessity of using more advanced line-shape models which are characterized by many more parameters than a simple Voigt profile. It is a great challenge for modern molecular spectral databases to store and maintain the extended set of line-shape parameters as well as their temperature dependences. It is even more challenging to reliably retrieve these parameters from experimental spectra over a large range of pressures and temperatures. In this paper we address this problem starting from the case of the H-2 molecule for which the non-Voigt line-shape effects are exceptionally pronounced. For this purpose we reanalyzed the experimental data reported in the literature. In particular, we performed detailed line-shape analysis of high-quality spectra obtained with cavity-enhanced techniques. We also report the first high-quality cavity-enhanced measurement of the H-2 fundamental vibrational mode. We develop a correction to the Hartmann-Tran profile (HTP) which adjusts the HTP to the particular model of the velocity-changing collisions. This allows the measured spectra to be better represented over a wide range of pressures. The problem of storing the HTP parameters in the HITRAN database together with their temperature dependences is also discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wcislo, P.; Gordon, I. E.; Tan, Y.; Hill, C.; Kochanov, R. V.; Rothman, L. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wcislo, P.] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Tran, H.] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, UMR 7583,LISA,Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, F-94010 Creteil, France. [Tan, Y.; Hu, S. -M.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale, iChem Ctr, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Campargue, A.; Kassi, S.; Romanini, D.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, LIPhy, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Campargue, A.; Kassi, S.; Romanini, D.] CNRS, LIPhy, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Hill, C.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Kochanov, R. V.] Tomsk State Univ, Lab Quantum Mech Mol & Radiat Proc, Tomsk, Russia. RP Wcislo, P (reprint author), Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, Inst Phys, Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. EM piotr.wcislo@fizyka.umk.pl RI Hu, Shuiming/C-4287-2008; Tran, Ha/I-5076-2013; Kochanov, Roman/E-8679-2014; Wcislo, Piotr/C-9562-2015; OI Hu, Shuiming/0000-0002-1565-8468; Kochanov, Roman/0000-0001-5165-5099; Wcislo, Piotr/0000-0001-7909-4473; Gordon, Iouli/0000-0003-4763-2841 NR 83 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 177 SI SI BP 75 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.01.024 PG 17 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA DL6GV UT WOS:000375738600008 ER PT J AU Gurol, B Gokay, G Saral, G Gursoytrak, SH Cerit, S Terzioglu, Z AF Gurol, B. Gokay, G. Saral, G. Gursoytrak, S. H. Cerit, S. Terzioglu, Z. TI Absolute and geometric parameters of contact binary GW Cnc SO NEW ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Stars: binaries: eclipsing; Stars: fundamental parameters; Technique: photometry and spectroscopy; Stars: individual (GW Cnc) ID LIGHT CURVES; STAR LIGHT; SYSTEMS; PERIOD AB We present the results of our investigation on the geometrical and physical parameters of the W UMa type binary system GW Cnc. We analyzed the photometric data obtained in 2010 and 2011 at Ankara University Observatory (AUO) and the spectroscopic data obtained in 2010 at TUBITAK National Observatory (TUG) by using the Wilson-Devinney (2013 revision) code to obtain the absolute and geometrical parameters. We derived masses and radii of the eclipsing system to be M-1 = 0.257 M-circle dot, M-2 = 0.971 M-circle dot, R-1 = 0.526 R-circle dot and R-2 = 0.961 R-circle dot with an orbital inclination i(degrees) = 83.38 +/- 0.25 and we determined the GW Cnc system to be a W-type W UMa over-contact binary with a mass ratio of q = 3.773 +/- 0.007. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gurol, B.; Gokay, G.; Gursoytrak, S. H.; Cerit, S.; Terzioglu, Z.] Ankara Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Fac Sci, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. [Saral, G.] Istanbul Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Bozdogan Kemeri Cad 8, Istanbul, Turkey. [Saral, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS 66, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gurol, B (reprint author), Ankara Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Fac Sci, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. EM Birol.Gurol@ankara.edu.tr FU TUBITAK National Observatory (TUG) [10BRTT150-031, RTT150]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX We thank TUBITAK National Observatory (TUG) for a partial support for using the RTT150 telescope with project number 10BRTT150-031 to the observers of the system mentioned in Table 1. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, and NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1384-1076 EI 1384-1092 J9 NEW ASTRON JI New Astron. PD JUL PY 2016 VL 46 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.newast.2015.12.002 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DG1OU UT WOS:000371838200006 ER PT J AU Shin, IG Ryu, YH Udalski, A Albrow, M Cha, SM Choi, JY Chung, SJ Han, C Hwang, KH Jung, YK Kim, DJ Kim, SL Lee, CU Lee, Y Park, BG Park, H Pogge, RW Yee, JC Pietrukowicz, P Mroz, P Kozlowski, S Poleski, R Skowron, J Soszynski, I Szymanski, MK Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Pawlak, M Gould, A AF Shin, I. -G. Ryu, Y. -H. Udalski, A. Albrow, M. Cha, S. -M. Choi, J. -Y. Chung, S. -J. Han, C. Hwang, K. -H. Jung, Y. K. Kim, D. -J. Kim, S. -L. Lee, C. -U. Lee, Y. Park, B. -G. Park, H. Pogge, R. W. Yee, J. C. Pietrukowicz, P. Mroz, P. Kozlowski, S. Poleski, R. Skowron, J. Soszynski, I. Szymanski, M. K. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Pawlak, M. Gould, A. TI A SUPER-JUPITER MICROLENS PLANET CHARACTERIZED BY HIGH-CADENCE KMTNET MICROLENSING SURVEY OBSERVATIONS OF OGLE-2015-BLG-0954 SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational microlensing; planets ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; GALACTIC BULGE; OGLE-III; SYSTEMS; EVENTS; PHOTOMETRY; STARS; OGLE-2005-BLG-169; CONFIRMATION; FREQUENCY AB We report the characterization of a massive (m(p) = 3.9 +/- 1.4M(jup)) microlensing planet (OGLE-2015-BLG-0954Lb) orbiting an M dwarf host (M = 0.33 0.12M(circle dot)) at a distance toward the Galactic bulge of 0.6(-0.2)(+0.4) kpc, which is extremely nearby by microlensing standards. The planet-host projected separation is alpha(perpendicular to) similar to 1.2 AU. The characterization was made possible by the wide-field (4 deg(2)) high cadence (Gamma = 6 hr(-1)) monitoring of the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet), which had two of its three telescopes in commissioning operations at the time of the planetary anomaly. The source crossing time t(*) = 16 min is among the shortest ever published. The high-cadence, wide-field observations that are the hallmark of KMTNet are the only way to routinely capture such short crossings. High-cadence resolution of short caustic crossings will preferentially lead to mass and distance measurements for the lens. This is because the short crossing time typically implies a nearby lens, which enables the measurement of additional effects (bright lens and/or microlens parallax). When combined with the measured crossing time, these effects can yield planet/host masses and distance. C1 [Shin, I. -G.; Jung, Y. K.; Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ryu, Y. -H.; Cha, S. -M.; Chung, S. -J.; Kim, D. -J.; Kim, S. -L.; Lee, C. -U.; Lee, Y.; Park, B. -G.; Gould, A.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 34055, South Korea. [Udalski, A.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Mroz, P.; Kozlowski, S.; Poleski, R.; Skowron, J.; Soszynski, I.; Szymanski, M. K.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Pawlak, M.] Univ Warsaw Observ, Al Ujazdowski 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Albrow, M.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Cha, S. -M.; Lee, Y.] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Choi, J. -Y.; Park, H.] Busan Natl Sci Museum, Busan 46081, South Korea. [Han, C.; Hwang, K. -H.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 28644, South Korea. [Kim, S. -L.; Lee, C. -U.; Park, B. -G.] Korea Univ Sci & Technol, 217 Gajeong Ro, Daejeon 34113, South Korea. [Pogge, R. W.; Poleski, R.; Gould, A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gould, A.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Gould, A (reprint author), Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 34055, South Korea.; Gould, A (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.; Gould, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM in-gu.shin@cfa.harvard.edu; yoonhyunryu@gmail.com; udalski@astrouw.edu.pl; michael.albrow@canterbury.ac.nz; chasm@kasi.re.kr; quff176@gmail.com; sjchung@kasi.re.kr; cheongho@astroph.chungbuk.ac.kr; kyuha1@gmail.com; yeonkil.jung@cfa.harvard.edu; keaton@kasi.re.kr; slkim@kasi.re.kr; leecu@kasi.re.kr; yslee@kasi.re.kr; bgpark@kasi.re.kr; crusader713@hanmail.net; pogge@astronomy.ohio-state.edu; jyee@cfa.harvard.edu; gould@astronomy.ohio-state.edu RI Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014 OI Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730 FU KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) [2016-1-832-01]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; National Science Centre, Poland [MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121]; NSF [AST-1516842] FX This work was supported by KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) grant 2016-1-832-01.; Work by J. C. Y. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute.; The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to A. U.; A. G. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1516842. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU KOREAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY PI TAEJON PA 61-1 HWA-AM DONG, YUSUNG KU, TAEJON, 305-348, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-4614 J9 J KOREAN ASTRON SOC JI J. Korean Astron. Soc. PD JUN 30 PY 2016 VL 49 IS 3 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.5303/JKAS.2016.49.3.73 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ1PM UT WOS:000378972900002 ER PT J AU Koo, BC Raymond, JC Kim, HJ AF Koo, Bon-Chul Raymond, John C. Kim, Hyun-Jeong TI INFRARED [FE II] EMISSION LINES FROM RADIATIVE ATOMIC SHOCKS SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE atomic processes; hydrodynamics; infrared: ISM; shock waves ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT G11.2-0.3; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; SPITZER OBSERVATIONS; SPECTRAL SIGNATURES; COLLISION STRENGTHS; INTERSTELLAR SHOCKS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; FORBIDDEN LINES; CROSS-SECTIONS; IRON-PROJECT AB [Fe II] emission lines are prominent in the infrared (IR) and important as diagnostic tools for radiative atomic shocks. We investigate the emission characteristics of [Fe II] lines using a shock code developed by Raymond (1979) with updated atomic parameters. We first review general characteristics of the IR [Fe II] emission lines from shocked gas, and derive their fluxes as a function of shock speed and ambient density. We have compiled available IR [Fe II] line observations of interstellar shocks and compare them to the ratios predicted from our model. The sample includes both young and old supernova remnants in the Galaxy and the Large Magellanic Cloud and several Herbig-Haro objects. We find that the observed ratios of the IR [Fe II] lines generally fall on our grid of shock models, but the ratios of some midIR lines, e.g., [Fe II] 35.35 mu m/[Fe II] 25.99 mu m, [Fe II] 5.340 mu m/[Fe II] 25.99 mu m, and [Fe II] 5.340 mu m/[Fe II] 17.94 mu m, are significantly offset from our model grid. We discuss possible explanations and conclude that while uncertainties in the shock modeling and the observations certainly exist, the uncertainty in atomic rates appears to be the major source of discrepancy. C1 [Koo, Bon-Chul; Kim, Hyun-Jeong] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 08826, South Korea. [Koo, Bon-Chul] Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul 02455, South Korea. [Raymond, John C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Koo, BC (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 08826, South Korea.; Koo, BC (reprint author), Korea Inst Adv Study, Seoul 02455, South Korea. EM koo@astro.snu.ac.kr; jraymond@cfa.harvard.edu; hjkim@astro.snu.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) - Ministry of Science, ICT and future Planning [2014R1A2A2A01002811]; NRF (National Research Foundation of Korea) Grant - Korean Government (NRF-Fostering Core Leaders of the Future Basic Science Program) FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and future Planning (2014R1A2A2A01002811). H.-J. Kim was supported by NRF (National Research Foundation of Korea) Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2012-Fostering Core Leaders of the Future Basic Science Program). NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KOREAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY PI TAEJON PA 61-1 HWA-AM DONG, YUSUNG KU, TAEJON, 305-348, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-4614 J9 J KOREAN ASTRON SOC JI J. Korean Astron. Soc. PD JUN 30 PY 2016 VL 49 IS 3 BP 109 EP 122 DI 10.5303/JKAS.2016.49.3.109 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ1PM UT WOS:000378972900005 ER PT J AU Vatanparast, M Shetty, P Chopra, R Doyle, JJ Sathyanarayana, N Egan, AN AF Vatanparast, Mohammad Shetty, Prateek Chopra, Ratan Doyle, Jeff J. Sathyanarayana, N. Egan, Ashley N. TI Transcriptome sequencing and marker development in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus; Leguminosae) SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR FAMILY; CICER-ARIETINUM L.; L DC; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; GENOMICS RESEARCH; GENETIC-MARKERS; ORPHAN LEGUME; SNP DISCOVERY; EST-SSRS; RNA-SEQ AB Winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC., is similar to soybean in yield and nutritional value but more viable in tropical conditions. Here, we strengthen genetic resources for this orphan crop by producing a de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation of two Sri Lankan accessions (denoted herein as CPP34 [PI 491423] and CPP37 [PI 639033]), developing simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between geographically separated genotypes. A combined assembly based on 804,757 reads from two accessions produced 16,115 contigs with an N50 of 889 bp, over 90% of which has significant sequence similarity to other legumes. Combining contigs with singletons produced 97,241 transcripts. We identified 12,956 SSRs, including 2,594 repeats for which primers were designed and 5,190 high-confidence SNPs between Sri Lankan and Nigerian genotypes. The transcriptomic data sets generated here provide new resources for gene discovery and marker development in this orphan crop, and will be vital for future plant breeding efforts. We also analyzed the soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) gene family, important plant defense genes, in the context of related legumes and found evidence for radiation of the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) gene family within winged bean. C1 [Vatanparast, Mohammad; Egan, Ashley N.] Smithsonian Inst NMNH, Dept Bot, US Natl Herbarium US, 10th & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Shetty, Prateek] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, 612 Wilson Rd,Room 166, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Chopra, Ratan] USDA ARS, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Doyle, Jeff J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Sect Plant Breeding & Genet, 412 Mann Lib, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sathyanarayana, N.] Sikkim Univ, Dept Bot, 5th Mile, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India. RP Egan, AN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst NMNH, Dept Bot, US Natl Herbarium US, 10th & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Sathyanarayana, N (reprint author), Sikkim Univ, Dept Bot, 5th Mile, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India. EM nsathyanarayana@cus.ac.in; egana@si.edu OI CHOPRA, RATAN/0000-0003-2088-3341 FU US National Science Foundation [DEB-0948800]; ANE [DEB-1352217] FX Thanks go to Sue Sherman-Broyles and Jane L. Doyle for help in the greenhouse. Thanks to Matthew Kweskin and Vanessa Gonzalez from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History for help with data analysis. Computations were completed on the Smithsonian Institution High Performance Cluster (SI/HPC). This research was supported by grants from the US National Science Foundation to JJD (DEB-0948800) and ANE (DEB-1352217). We acknowledge the support of Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology (Sir MVIT), Bangalore and Sikkim University, Gangtok for facilities. NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 24 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUN 30 PY 2016 VL 6 DI 10.1038/srep29070 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DP8VL UT WOS:000378775900001 PM 27356763 ER PT J AU Arias, E Chaves, G Crawford, AJ Parra-Olea, G AF Arias, Erick Chaves, Gerardo Crawford, Andrew J. Parra-Olea, Gabriela TI A new species of the Craugastor podiciferus species group (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the premontane forest of southwestern Costa Rica SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Brachycephaloidea; Costa Rica; Craugastor gabbi sp nov.; Craugastor stejnegerianus; cryptic species; Panama; taxonomy; Terrarana ID ELEUTHERODACTYLUS-BRANSFORDII; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; FROGS; LEPTODACTYLIDAE; AMPHIBIANS; DIVERSITY; MITOCHONDRIAL; CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL; ALIGNMENT AB In this report, we describe a new species of the Craugastor podiciferus species group from the premontane forest of the Pacific versant along the Costa Rican-Panamanian border. Mitochondrial DNA and karyotype analyses previously showed a marked genetic divergence between populations of the premontane forest of the Fila Costena and the lowlands South Pacific Costa Rica near Panama. Analyses of the mitochondrial DNA sequences and the morphological variation revealed significant differences between the populations of the premontane forest relative to the other populations of C. stejnegerianus, including the type locality. We recognize these premontane populations as a new species and show that they differ from the typical C. stejnegerianus in the coloration of the venter, the head and the body proportions, and mtDNA divergence. With the addition of this new species, the C. podiciferus species group now contains nine species. C1 [Arias, Erick; Parra-Olea, Gabriela] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, AP 70-153 Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Arias, Erick] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Biol, Ave Ciudad Univ 3000, Coyoacan 04360, DF, Mexico. [Chaves, Gerardo] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose 115012060, Costa Rica. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 4976, Colombia. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Circulo Herpetol Panama, Apartado 0824-00122, Panama City, Panama. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. RP Arias, E (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, AP 70-153 Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.; Arias, E (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Posgrad Ciencias Biol, Ave Ciudad Univ 3000, Coyoacan 04360, DF, Mexico. EM eapiedra@gmail.com FU Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas; CONACyT [626946/330343]; PAPIIT-UNAM [209914] FX This study will be submitted by EA in partial fulfillment of the requirements to obtain the degree of Doctor en Ciencias of the Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. EA thanks the Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas for its support of this study, and the CONACyT for students grant (CVU/Becario) 626946/330343. Laboratory efforts were partially funded by grant from PAPIIT-UNAM (209914) to GP-O. We thank Laura Marquez-Valdelamar and Andrea Jimenez-Marin for their laboratory assistance; Javier Guevara from the Ministerio de Ambiente y Energia (Costa Rica) who provided collecting permits; Andreas Hertz and Randy McCranie who kindly provided tissue samples from C. gabbi and C. lauraster; Federico Bolanos for the use of specimens from the Museo de Zoologia of the Universidad de Costa Rica; Brian Kubicki and Maurico Calderon-Rivera who kindly provided the photographs; the Laboratorio de Automatas y Sistemas Inteligentes en Biodiversidad (LASIB) from the Universidad de Costa Rica for access to the equipment used to prepare the photographs of the specimens. In Costa Rica, the specimens were collected according to a permit granted by SINAC to EA (007-2013-SINAC) and GC (SINAC-SE-GASP-PI-R-059-2015). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 30 PY 2016 VL 4132 IS 3 BP 347 EP 363 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4132.3.3 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DP9XU UT WOS:000378852100003 PM 27395676 ER PT J AU Mecke, S Kieckbusch, M Graf, T Beck, LA O'Shea, M Kaiser, H AF Mecke, Sven Kieckbusch, Max Graf, Theresa Beck, Lothar A. O'Shea, Mark Kaiser, Hinrich TI First captive breeding of a night skink (Scincidae: Eremiascincus) from Timor-Leste, Lesser Sunda Islands, with remarks on the reproductive biology of the genus SO SALAMANDRA LA English DT Article DE Reptilia; Squamata; Lygosominae; Eremiascincus; skink; reproductive mode; viviparity; Timor-Leste ID REPTILIA SQUAMATA SCINCIDAE; EGG RETENTION; LERISTA-BOUGAINVILLII; VIVIPARITY; LIZARD; EVOLUTION; GLAPHYROMORPHUS; DIVERSIFICATION; HERPETOFAUNA; LACERTIDAE AB We report two instances of captive breeding in a species of Timorese night skink (genus Eremiascincus GREER, 1979) in October and December 2012. Four and three neonates, respectively, with total lengths of ca 40 mm each, were discovered during routine maintenance of a terrarium, in which three adult animals (1 male, 2 females) were kept. The absence of eggshells in the terrarium and the unlikelihood of post-eclosion oophagy by the adults suggest that the reproductive mode of the species is viviparous. We also provide a summary of available information pertaining to the reproductive biology of other members of the genus Eremiascincus. C1 [Mecke, Sven; Kieckbusch, Max; Graf, Theresa; Beck, Lothar A.] Univ Marburg, Fac Biol, Dept Anim Evolut & Systemat & Zool Collect Marbur, Karl von Frisch Str 8, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [O'Shea, Mark] Wolverhampton Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Wulfruna St, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, W Midlands, England. [O'Shea, Mark] West Midland Safari Pk, Bewdley DY12 1LF, Worcs, England. [Kaiser, Hinrich] Victor Valley Coll, Dept Biol, 18422 Bear Valley Rd, Victorville, CA 92395 USA. [Kaiser, Hinrich] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Mecke, S (reprint author), Univ Marburg, Fac Biol, Dept Anim Evolut & Systemat & Zool Collect Marbur, Karl von Frisch Str 8, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. EM meckes@staff.uni-marburg.de NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT HERPETOLOGIE TERRARIENKUNDE E V PI DARMSTADT PA C/O JORN KOHLER, HESSISCHES LANDESMUSEUM DARMSTADT, FRIEDENSPLATZ 1, DARMSTADT, 64283, GERMANY SN 0036-3375 J9 SALAMANDRA JI Salamandra PD JUN 30 PY 2016 VL 52 IS 2 BP 178 EP 188 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA DP4KB UT WOS:000378463700010 ER PT J AU Hameed, SO White, JW Miller, SH Nickols, KJ Morgan, SG AF Hameed, Sarah O. White, J. Wilson Miller, Seth H. Nickols, Kerry J. Morgan, Steven G. TI Inverse approach to estimating larval dispersal reveals limited population connectivity along 700 km of wave-swept open coast SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE local retention; self-recruitment; dispersal kernel; production; metapopulation; upwelling ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; MACROALGAL SPORE DISPERSAL; CORAL-REEF FISH; SELF-RECRUITMENT; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; UPWELLING SYSTEM; LOCAL RETENTION; BEHAVIOR; TRANSPORT; NEARSHORE AB Demographic connectivity is fundamental to the persistence and resilience of metapopulations, but our understanding of the link between reproduction and recruitment is notoriously poor in open-coast marine populations. We provide the first evidence of high local retention and limited connectivity among populations spanning 700 km along an open coast in an upwelling system. Using extensive field measurements of fecundity, population size and settlement in concert with a Bayesian inverse modelling approach, we estimated that, on average, Petrolisthes cinctipes larvae disperse only 6.9 km (+/- 25.0 km s.d.) from natal populations, despite spending approximately six weeks in an open-coast system that was once assumed to be broadly dispersive. This estimate differed substantially from our prior dispersal estimate (153.9 km) based on currents and larval duration and behaviour, revealing the importance of employing demographic data in larval dispersal estimates. Based on this estimate, we predict that demographic connectivity occurs predominantly among neighbouring populations less than 30 km apart. Comprehensive studies of larval production, settlement and connectivity are needed to advance an understanding of the ecology and evolution of life in the sea as well as to conserve ecosystems. Our novel approach provides a tractable framework for addressing these questions for species occurring in discrete coastal populations. C1 [Hameed, Sarah O.; Morgan, Steven G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Bodega Marine Lab, POB 247, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. [White, J. Wilson] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Miller, Seth H.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Nickols, Kerry J.] Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Div Sci & Environm Policy, 100 Campus Ctr, Seaside, CA 93955 USA. RP Hameed, SO (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Bodega Marine Lab, POB 247, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA. EM sarah.o.hameed@gmail.com OI White, J. Wilson/0000-0003-3242-2454 FU National Museum of Natural History through a Lerner-Grey Memorial Fund grant; Conservation Management program at UC Davis; National Science Foundation [0841297, OCE-0326110]; California Sea grant [NA08AR4170669] FX This research was supported by the National Museum of Natural History through a Lerner-Grey Memorial Fund grant, by the Conservation Management program at UC Davis through a fellowship to S.O.H., and by the National Science Foundation through a GK-12 Program Fellowship to S.O.H. under GDE grant no. 0841297 to S. L. Williams and B. Ludaescher. This research was also funded by California Sea grant no. (NA08AR4170669) and the National Science Foundation (OCE-0326110) to S.G.M. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 21 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUN 29 PY 2016 VL 283 IS 1833 AR 20160370 DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.0370 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT1MR UT WOS:000381247300013 ER PT J AU Lemer, S Gonzalez, VL Bieler, R Giribet, G AF Lemer, Sarah Gonzalez, Vanessa L. Bieler, Rudiger Giribet, Gonzalo TI Cementing mussels to oysters in the pteriomorphian tree: a phylogenomic approach SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE phylogenomics; genome; phylogeny; Mollusca; Bivalvia; evolutionary rate ID BIVALVIA MOLLUSCA; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; CLASSIFICATION; INFERENCE; GENOME; MICROSTRUCTURE; RECONSTRUCTION; ADAPTATION; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION AB Mussels (Mytilida) are a group of bivalves with ancient origins and some of the most important commercial shellfish worldwide. Mytilida consists of approximately 400 species found in various littoral and deep-sea environments, and are part of the higher dade Pteriomorphia, but their exact position within the group has been unstable. The multiple adaptive radiations that occurred within Pteriomorphia have rendered phylogenetic classifications difficult and uncertainty remains regarding the relationships among most families. To address this phylogenetic uncertainty, novel transcriptomic data were generated to include all five orders of Pteriomorphia. Our results, derived from complex analyses of large datasets from 41 transcriptomes and evaluating possible pitfalls affecting phylogenetic reconstruction (matrix occupancy, heterogeneity, evolutionary rates, evolutionary models), consistently recover a well-supported phylogeny of Pteriomorphia, with the only exception of the most complete but smallest data matrix (Matrix 3: 51 genes, 90% gene occupancy). Maximum -likelihood and Bayesian mixture model analyses retrieve strong support for: (i) the monophyly of Pteriomorphia, Mytilida as a sister group to Ostreida, and (iii) Arcida as sister group to all other pteriomorphians. The basal position of Arcida is congruent with its shell microstructure (solely composed of aragonitic crystals), whereas Mytilida and Ostreida display a combination of a calcitic outer layer with an aragonitic inner layer composed of nacre tablets, the latter being secondarily lost in Ostreoidea. C1 [Lemer, Sarah; Giribet, Gonzalo] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Museum Comparat Zool, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gonzalez, Vanessa L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Bieler, Rudiger] Field Museum Nat Hist, Integrat Res Ctr, 1400 South Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. RP Lemer, S (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Museum Comparat Zool, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sarah.lemer@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0732854, 0732903, 0732860] FX This project was supported by the National Science Foundation AToL Program: Phylogeny on the half-shell-Assembling the Bivalve Tree of Life (no. DEB-0732854, 0732903, 0732860) to R.B., G.G. and Paula M. Mikkelsen. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JUN 29 PY 2016 VL 283 IS 1833 AR 20160857 DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.0857 PG 8 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DT1MR UT WOS:000381247300007 ER PT J AU Esser, HJ Herre, EA Bluthgen, N Loaiza, JR Bermudez, SE Jansen, PA AF Esser, Helen J. Herre, Edward Allen Bluehgen, Nico Loaiza, Jose R. Bermudez, Sergio E. Jansen, Patrick A. TI Host specificity in a diverse Neotropical tick community: an assessment using quantitative network analysis and host phylogeny SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Host-parasite associations; Host relationships; Vector; Interaction network; Mean pairwise phylogenetic distance; Ixodidae; Argasidae; Panama ID LABORATORY CONDITIONS; ACARI IXODIDAE; SMALL MAMMALS; LIFE-CYCLE; NICHE BREADTH; PARASITE; SPECIALIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; POPULATION AB Background: Host specificity is a fundamental determinant of tick population and pathogen transmission dynamics, and therefore has important implications for human health. Tick host specificity is expected to be particularly high in the tropics, where communities of ticks, hosts and pathogens are most diverse. Yet the degree to which tropical tick species are host-specific remains poorly understood. Combining new field data with published records, we assessed the specificity of tick-host associations in Panama, a diverse Neotropical region. Methods: The resulting dataset includes 5,298 adult ticks belonging to 41 species of eight genera that were directly collected from 68 vertebrate host species of 17 orders. We considered three important aspects of tick host specificity: (i) the relative ecological importance of each host species (structural specificity); (ii) relatedness among host species (phylogenetic specificity); and (iii) spatial scale-dependence of tick-host relationships (geographical specificity). Applying quantitative network analyses and phylogenetic tools with null model comparisons, we assessed the structural and phylogenetic specificity across three spatial scales, ranging from central Panama to countrywide. Further, we tested whether species-rich tick genera parasitized a wider variety of hosts than species-poor genera, as expected when ticks specialize on different host species. Results: Most tick species showed high structural and/or phylogenetic specificity in the adult stage. However, after correcting for sampling effort, we found little support for geographical specificity. Across the three scales, adult ticks tended to be specific to a limited number of host species that were phylogenetically closely related. These host species in turn, were parasitized by tick species from distinct genera, suggesting switching among distantly related hosts is common at evolutionary timescales. Further, there was a strong positive relationship between the taxonomic richness of the tick genera and that of their hosts, consistent with distinct tick species being relatively specific to different host species. Conclusions: Our results indicate that in the adult stage, most ticks in the diverse Neotropical community studied are host specialists. This contrasts with earlier assessments, but agrees with findings from other host-parasite systems. High host specificity in adult ticks implies high susceptibility to local tick-host co-extirpation, limited ability to colonize new habitats and limited potential for interspecific pathogen transmission. C1 [Esser, Helen J.; Herre, Edward Allen; Loaiza, Jose R.; Jansen, Patrick A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Esser, Helen J.; Jansen, Patrick A.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Bluehgen, Nico] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Dept Biol, Darmstadt, Germany. [Loaiza, Jose R.] Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Ctr Biodiversidad & Descubrimiento Drogas, Panama City, Panama. [Bermudez, Sergio E.] Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Dept Invest Entomol Med, Panama City, Panama. RP Esser, HJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.; Esser, HJ (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Wageningen, Netherlands. EM helen.esser@wur.nl RI Bluthgen, Nico/F-5983-2010 FU Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Award; graduate school of Production Ecology and Resource Conservation of Wageningen University FX This study was funded by the Smithsonian Institution Grand Challenges Award (to PAJ and EAH) and the graduate school of Production Ecology and Resource Conservation of Wageningen University (to PAJ and HJE). NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 19 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD JUN 29 PY 2016 VL 9 AR 372 DI 10.1186/s13071-016-1655-6 PG 14 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA DP9SU UT WOS:000378838300001 PM 27357506 ER PT J AU Armata, F Latmiral, L Pikovski, I Vanner, MR Brukner, C Kim, MS AF Armata, Federico Latmiral, Ludovico Pikovski, Igor Vanner, Michael R. Brukner, Caslav Kim, M. S. TI Quantum and classical phases in optomechanics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FABRY-PEROT CAVITIES; RESONANCE; LIMITS AB The control of quantum systems requires the ability to change and read-out the phase of a system. The noncommutativity of canonical conjugate operators can induce phases on quantum systems, which can be employed for implementing phase gates and for precision measurements. Here we study the phase acquired by a radiation field after its radiation pressure interaction with a mechanical oscillator, and compare the classical and quantum contributions. The classical description can reproduce the nonlinearity induced by the mechanical oscillator and the loss of correlations between mechanics and optical field at certain interaction times. Such features alone are therefore insufficient for probing the quantum nature of the interaction. Our results thus isolate genuine quantum contributions of the optomechanical interaction that could be probed in current experiments. C1 [Armata, Federico; Latmiral, Ludovico; Kim, M. S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, QOLS, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Pikovski, Igor] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pikovski, Igor] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vanner, Michael R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Brukner, Caslav] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Brukner, Caslav] Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RP Armata, F (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, QOLS, London SW7 2AZ, England. OI Pikovski, Igor/0000-0002-9441-2553 FU Leverhulme Trust [RPG-2014-055]; UK EPRSC [EP/034480/1]; Royal Society; Marie Curie Actions of the EU's 7th Framework Programme under REA [317232]; NSF; European Commission project RAQUEL [323970]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through the Special Research Programme FoQuS; Doctoral Programme CoQuS; [2462] FX The authors wish to thank Carlo Di Franco and Doug Plato for useful discussions. M.S.K. acknowledges the Leverhulme Trust (Project RPG-2014-055), the UK EPRSC (EP/034480/1), and the Royal Society. F.A. and M.S.K. acknowledge the Marie Curie Actions of the EU's 7th Framework Programme under REA (Grant No. 317232) for their financial support. I.P. acknowledges support by the NSF through a grant to ITAMP. C.B. acknowledges support from the European Commission project RAQUEL (No. 323970); the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through the Special Research Programme FoQuS, the Doctoral Programme CoQuS, and Individual Project (No. 2462). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN 29 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 6 AR 063862 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.063862 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DP9GF UT WOS:000378804000010 ER PT J AU Hennemann, FH Conle, OV Perez-Gelabert, DE AF Hennemann, Frank H. Conle, Oskar V. Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E. TI Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XVI: Revision of Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 (rev. stat.), with notes on the subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 and the descriptions of a new tribe, four new genera and nine new species (Phasmatodea: "Anareolatae": Phasmatidae: Cladomorphinae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Phasmatodea; Phasmatidae; Cladomorphinae; Cladomorphini; Cladoxerini; Hesperophasmatini; Pterinoxylini n. trib.; Haplopodini; West Indies; Honduras; Aploploides; Apteroplopus n. gen.; Cephaloplopus n. gen.; Diapherodes; Haplopus; Paracranidium; Parhaplopus n. gen.; Venupherodes n. gen.; revision; keys; new genera; new species; new subspecies; new synonyms; new combinations; lectotypes; neotypes; descriptions; differentiations; illustrations; eggs; phylogeny; biogeography; biology; habitats; ecology ID INSECT ORDER PHASMATODEA; STICK-INSECTS; XEROSOMATINAE HESPEROPHASMATINI; PHYLOGENETIC PLACEMENT; NEW-WORLD; GENUS; PSEUDOPHASMATIDAE; REDTENBACHER; TAXA; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB The anareolate New World subfamily Cladomorphinae Bradley & Galil, 1977 is reviewed and keys to the six tribes currently included are presented; these are: Cladomorphini Bradley & Galil, 1977, Cladoxerini Karny, 1923, Cranidiini Gunther, 1953, Pterinoxylini n. trib., Hesperophasmatini Bradley & Galil, 1977 and Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 rev. stat. New diagnoses are presented for all these tribes and possible relationships within Cladomorphinae are discusssed. Morphology of the genitalia and egg-structures indicate Cladomorphinae as presently treated to be polyphyletic. Two subordinate groups are recognized within present Cladomorphinae, which differ considerably in numerous morphological characters of the insects and eggs. The first group and here regarded as Cladomorphinae sensu stricto is formed by the mostly South American Cladomorphini + Cranidiini + Cladoxerini, while the second group is formed by the predominantly Caribbean Hesperophasmatini + Pterinoxylini n. trib. + Haplopodini. Members of the first group (= Cladomorphini sensu stricto) share the dorsally carinate basitarsus in which the two dorsal carinae are melted with another, increasingly elongated gonapophyses VIII of females which are noticeably longer than gonapophyses IX and lamellate as well as strongly displaced medioventral carina of the profemora. Cranidiini + Cladomorphini share the strongly elongated and filiform gonapophyses VIII and presence of gonoplacs in the females, specialized poculum of males and presence of a median line in the eggs. Cranidiini differs from all other tribes of Cladomorphinae by the entirely unarmed legs of both sexes, distinctly broadened and leaf-like body and prominent longitudinal keel of the mesosternum of females, prominently enlarged poculum and spinulose phallus of males as well as the conspicuous narrowing of the posteromedian gap of the internal micropylar plate of the eggs and noticeably separated median line. Cladomorphini is characteristic for the specialized vomer and poculum of males and distinct opercular structures of the eggs. Certain representatives of Cladomorphini indicate relationships to the "Phanoclesgroup" of Diapheromerinae: Diapheromerini, hence Cladomorphini as presently treated may be paraphyletic. The exclusively South American Cladoxerini (= Baculini n. syn.) differs from the other two tribes of Cladomorphinae sensu stricto by the distinctly serrate profemora of both sexes and conspicuously shortened antennae of females, which consist of less than 30 segments and are much shorter than the profemora in females. Genital morphology, such as the elongated gonapophyses VIII and presence of gonoplacs in females, as well as the lamellate medioventral carina of the profemora indicate close relation to Cladomorphini. Cranidiini appears to be the sister-taxon of Cladomorphini + Cladoxerini. The tribe Baculini Gunther, 1953 is synonymised with Cladoxerini (n. syn.), on the basis that the type-genera of both tribes are congeneric, with Baculum Saussure, 1861 being a junior synonym of Cladoxerus St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1827 (n. syn.). The genus Tersomia Kirby, 1904 is removed from Hesperophasmatini and transferred to Cladoxerini. Wattenwylia Toledo Piza, 1938 is removed from Pachymorphinae: Gratidiini and transferred to Cladoxerini. A detailed new diagnosis is presented for Cranidiini along with a detailed differentiation and the tribe is shown to be monotypical, only containing its type-genus Cranidium Westwood, 1843. All Caribbean genera subsequently added to Cranidiini are removed and transferred to Haplopodini rev. stat. The three tribes Hesperophasmatini + Pterinoxylini n. trib. + Haplopodini rev. stat. are closely related and might form a monophyletic clade within Cladomorphinae sensu lato. They differ from Cladomorphinae sensu stricto by the short gonapophyses VIII and reduced gonoplacs of females, unspecialized poculum of males and lack of a micropylar line in the eggs. Haplopodini Gunther, 1953 is re-established (rev. stat.) and comprises almost exclusively Caribbean genera previously placed in Hesperophasmatini by Bradley & Galil (1977) or Cranidiini by Zompro, (2004). Aploploides Rehn & Hebard, 1938, Diapherodes Gray, 1835, Haplopus Burmeister, 1838 and Paracranidium Brock, 1998 were misplaced in Cranidiini and are transferred to Haplopodini. On the basis of numerous morphological characters of the insects and eggs Hesperophasmatini is removed from Pseudophasmatidae: Xerosomatinae and re-transferred to its previous position in the subfamily Cladomorphinae sensu lato. A detailed newdiagnosis of Hesperophasmatini is presented, but is only provisional since the true diversity is as yet only fractionally known. The lack of a gula distinguishes Hesperophasmatini from all other tribes. The genus Laciphorus Redtenbacher, 1908 is removed from Hesperophasmatini and transferred to Diapheromeridae: Diapheromerinae: Diapheromerini. The new tribe Pterinoxylini n. trib. is established to contain only the type-genus Pterinoxylus Audinet-Serville, 1838. It is closely related and perhaps the sister taxon of Hesperophasmatini, with which it shares the presence of rough sensory areas on the probasisternum and profurcasternum. It differs from Hesperophasmatini and Haplopodini by the presence of a tympanal region (= stridulatory organ) in the alae of females and the alveolar eggs, which possess peripheral opercular and polar structures. Haplopodini is likely to be the sister group of Pterinoxylini n. trib. + Hesperophasmatini. The tribe Haplopodini rev. stat. is revised at the species level and comprises eight almost exclusively Caribbean genera, four of which are newly described. All eight genera now contained in Haplopodini are described in detail, differentiated from their closest relatives and their relationships and systematic position within Haplopodini are discussed. Keys and maps showing their distributions are presented along with a discussion of the distributional patterns. Detailed descriptions, differential diagnoses, synonymic listings, illustrations, material listings and measurements are given of all 26 currently known species and subspecies of Haplopodini. Four new genera are described within Haplopodini. The monotypical Apteroplopus n. gen. (type-species: Dyme grosse-tuberculata Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) from Honduras is the only taxon of the tribe represented in Central America. It is only known from the male which differs from all other genera by being entirely apterous. Cephaloplopus n. gen. (type-species: Cephaloplopus pulchellus n. sp.) and Parhaplopus n. gen. (type-species: Haplopus cubensis Saussure, 1868) occur only on Hispaniola and Cuba. Both are closely related to Haplopus Burmeister, 1838 but in addition to having noticeably different eggs, both genera differ from Haplopus in several morphological characters. The monotypical Venupherodes n. gen. (type-species: Platycrana venustula Audinet-Serville, 1838) is endemic to Cuba, and in females being apterous resembles the second exclusively Cuban genus Aploploides Rehn & Hebard, 1938. It however differs from all other members of Haplopodini by the laterally expanded mesonotum of females, which overlaps the mesopleurae, as well as the morphology of the eggs. Two species-groups are recognized within Diapherodes Gray, 1835. The gigantea species-group comprises the species from the Lesser Antilles, which are: D. angulata (Fabricius, 1793), Diapherodes dominicae (Rehn & Hebard, 1938), D. gigantea gigantea (Gmelin, 1789), D. gigantea saintluciae n. ssp. and Diapherodes martinicensis Lelong & Langlois, 2005. The three species of the jamaicensis species-group, which are D. achalus (Rehn, 1904), D. jamaicensis( Drury, 1773) and D. laevicollis Redtenbacher, 1906, are restricted to the two Greater Antillean islands Jamaica and Puerto Rico. Haplopus Burmeister, 1838 is the most widely distributed genus being represented on all islands of the Greater Antilles except Jamaica, and also in the Virgin Islands, Bahamas, Florida Keys, Dry Tortugas and as far southwest as the Cayman Islands and Swan Islands. Nine new species and one new subspecies are described: Cephaloplopus alope n. sp. and Haplopus sobrinus n. sp. from Cuba, Cephaloplopus euchlorus n. sp., Cephaloplopus laetus n. sp., Cephaloplopus pulchellus n. sp., Haplopus brachypterus n. sp., Haplopus intermedius n. sp. and Parhaplopus navarroi n. sp. from Hispaniola, Haplopus woodruffi n. sp. from Cayman Brac (Cayman Islands) and Diapherodes gigantea saintluciae n. ssp. from Saint Lucia. Seven of these are described from both sexes but Cephaloplopus alope n. sp. and Haplopus sobrinus n. sp. are only known from the females and Cephaloplopus laetus n. sp. only from the males. The previously unknown males of Diapherodes angulata (Fabricius, 1793), Diapherodes laevicollis Redtenbacher, 1908, Haplopus bicuspidatus de Haan, 1842 and Parhaplopus cubensis (Saussure, 1868) as well as the previously unknown female of Parhaplopus evadne (Westwood, 1859) n. comb. are described and illustrated for the first time. Descriptions and illustrations of the eggs of eleven species are presented: Cephaloplopus euchlorus n. sp., Cephaloplopus pulchellus n. sp., Diapherodes achalus (Rehn, 1904), Diapherodes dominicae (Rehn & Hebard, 1938), Diapherodes gigantea gigantea (Gmelin, 1789), Diapherodes martinicensis Lelong & Langlois, 2005, Diapherodes jamaicensis (Drury, 1773), Haplopus bicuspidatus de Haan, 1842, Haplopus micropterus St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825, Parhaplopus navarroi n. sp. and Venupherodes venustula (Audinet-Seville, 1838) n. comb.. Type specimens of the newly described taxa are deposited in the collections of ANSP, NHMUK, IIBZ, FSCA, MCZC, MNHN and USNM. Six species are transferred to other genera (n. comb.): Bacteria grossetuberculata (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) to Apteroplopus n. gen.; Haplopus cubensis Saussure, 1868 and Haplopus evadne Westwood, 1859 to Parhaplopus n. gen.; Diapherodes venustula (Audinet-Serville, 1838) to Venupherodes n. gen.; Haplopus jamaicensis (Drury, 1773) and Haplopus achalus Rehn, 1904 to Diapherodes Gray, 1835. Mantis angulata Fabricius, 1793 and Diapherodes gigantea dominicae Rehn & Hebard, 1938 are removed from synonymy with D. gigantea (Gmelin, 1789) and shown to be valid species (n. stat.). Fifteen new synonymies are revealed amongst the species studied: Diapherodes longiscapha Redtenbacher, 1908 = Diapherodes achalus (Rehn, 1904) n. syn.; Haplopus grayi Kaup, 1871 = Diapherodes angulata (Fabricius, 1793) n. syn.; Diapherodes glabricollis Gray, 1835 = Diapherodes jamaicensis (Drury, 1773) n. syn.; Diapherodes pulverulentus Gray, 1835 = Diapherodes jamaicensis (Drury, 1773) n. syn.; Diapherodes christopheri Westwood, 1859 = Diapherodes jamaicensis (Drury, 1773) n. syn.; Haplopus murinus Redtenbacher, 1908 = Diapherodes jamaicensis (Drury, 1773) n. syn.; Haplopus bituberculatum de Haan, 1842 = Haplopus micropterus (St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825) n. syn.; Haplopus cythereus Westwood, 1859 = Haplopus micropterus (St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825) n. syn.; Haplopus ligiolus Redtenbacher, 1908 = Haplopus micropterus (St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825) n. syn.; Haplopus ligia Westwood, 1859 = Haplopus micropterus (St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825) n. syn.; Haplopus mayeri Caudell, 1905 = Haplopus scabricollis (Gray, 1835) n. syn.; Aplopus similis Rehn, 1904 = Haplopus scabricollis Gray, 1835 n. syn.; Diapherodes spinipes Gray, 1835 = Haplopus micropterus (St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825) n. syn.; Haplopus obtusus Redtenbacher, 1908 = Haplopus micropterus (St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825) n. syn. and Haplopus juvenis Redtenbacher, 1908 = Venupherodes venustula (Audinet-Serville, 1838) n. syn.. The previously presumed lost holotype of Cyprocrana microptera St. Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825 (= Phasma angulata Stoll, 1813), was traced in the collection of RMNH. The designation of a neotype has become necessary for Mantis angulata Fabricius, 1793 (in MNCN) and Platycrana venustula Audinet-Serville, 1838 (in MNHU). Lectotypes are designated for eight species: Diapherodes longiscapha Redtenbacher, 1908; Diapherodes scabricollis Gray, 1835; Haplopus christopheri Westwood, 1859; Haplopus cytherea Westwood, 1859; Haplopus juvenis Redtenbacher, 1908; Haplopus ligiolus Redtenbacher, 1908; Haplopus ligia Westwood, 1859 and Haplopus murinus Redtenbacher, 1908. C1 [Hennemann, Frank H.] Reiboldstr 11, D-67251 Freinsheim, Germany. [Conle, Oskar V.] Freischutz 16, D-47058 Duisburg, Germany. [Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, ITIS, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Hennemann, FH (reprint author), Reiboldstr 11, D-67251 Freinsheim, Germany. EM hennemann@Phasmatodea.com; conle@Phasmatodea.com; perez@si.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0103042] FX Furthermore, we thank biologists Ruth Bastardo (IIBZ, Santo Domingo) and Brigido Hierro (Departamento de Vida Silvestre, Ministerio de Medio Ambienty y Recursos Naturales, Santo Domingo) for their enthusiastic participation as field assistants in the Hispaniolan Orthopteroids Project which greatly benefited from their great expertise with logistics and fieldwork. Collecting and export permits were graciously provided by the Departamento de Vida Silvestre, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Santo Domingo. We also acknowledge National Science Foundation grant DEB-0103042 to Dr. Daniel Otte (ANSP) and Dr. Daniel Perez-Gelabert (USNM) to survey the Hispaniolan fauna of orthopteroid insects. Biology students America Sanchez and Candy Ramirez kindly supplied photos and data of specimens in the collection of the IIBZ (Santo Domingo). NR 126 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 27 PY 2016 VL 4128 IS 1 BP 1 EP + DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4128.1.1 PG 210 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DP5ML UT WOS:000378541500001 PM 27395644 ER PT J AU Pasini, E Funk, VA de Souza-Chies, TT Miotto, STS AF Pasini, Eduardo Funk, Vicki A. de Souza-Chies, Tatiana T. Miotto, Silvia T. S. TI New insights into the phylogeny and biogeography of the Gerbera-Complex (Asteraceae: Mutisieae) SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE ancestral area; early-divergent Compositae; Mutisioideae; Oligocene ID SUBTRIBE ARCTOTIDINAE ASTERACEAE; NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA; TRNL-F; SUBFAMILY CICHORIOIDEAE; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE DATA; COMPOSITAE; TRIBE; DISPERSAL; EVOLUTION AB The inter-generic relationships within the subfamily Mutisioideae (Asteraceae/Compositae) are historically uncertain. Most of the genera that once were recognized within the Mutisioideae s.l. are now segregated into a number of different tribes and subfamilies. In particular, the generic delimitations of the Gerbera-Complex, an informal group inside the tribe Mutisieae s.str., have been widely discussed. The species are generally herbs with monocephalous scapes and are grouped in eight genera: Amblysperma, Chaptalia, Gerbera, Leibnitzia, Lulia, Trichocline, Perdicium and Uechtritzia. The characters that delimit the inter-generic boundaries are still under discussion and the complex has never been the subject of a species-level molecular investigation to test the monophyly of the genera. This study presents a molecular phylogeny of the Gerbera-Complex based on both nuclear (ITS) and plastid (trnL-trnF, trnL-rp132) markers, and provides the relative ages of this group and a reconstructed biogeographic history. The phylogenetic analysis showed two clades inside the Gerbera-Complex. Clade A contains only South American endemic genera, in which Lulia is sister to Brachyclados+Trichocline. Clade B mainly contains groups of taxa that colonized other continents including areas in the northern temperate latitudes. Clade B is further divided into two clades where Gerbera is shown to be non-monophyletic because the African Gerbera Glade is sister to Amblysperma and the Asian Gerbera Glade includes Uechtritzia. The biogeographic and molecular dating show a South American origin for the early-divergent nodes of the subfamily with a node age of 47.52-49.67 Ma in the Eocene. The Gerbera-Complex is likely to have originated in the Andes in the late Oligocene (mean node age of around 25.74 Ma) followed by long-distance dispersal events to North America and Asia, and separate dispersal events to Africa and Australia. This is the first phylogenetic analysis to show the systematic positions of Amblysperma, Lulia and Uechtritzia. C1 [Pasini, Eduardo] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Programa Posgrad Bot, Ave Bento Goncalves 9500, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Pasini, Eduardo; Funk, Vicki A.] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Herbarium, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Pasini, Eduardo; de Souza-Chies, Tatiana T.; Miotto, Silvia T. S.] Programa Posgrad Bot UFRGS, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bot, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. RP Pasini, E (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Programa Posgrad Bot, Ave Bento Goncalves 9500, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.; Pasini, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Herbarium, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Pasini, E (reprint author), Programa Posgrad Bot UFRGS, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bot, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM eddpasini@gmail.com RI Souza-Chies OR Chies, T*/I-4534-2012 FU National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) FX We are deeply grateful to Carol Kelloff, Gabriel Johnson, and Raymund Chan and the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., for the valuable discussions and technical assistance during all the phases of gathering the molecular data and funding. The first author (EP) wishes to thank Olivier Chauveau for his constant patience, advice and teachings, which ultimately led to the idea of this work, and Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) for financing his Ph.D. and his work at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. We are grateful to James H. Horn for his help with the BEAST analysis, Sara N. Alexander for her assistance with the map design and Benoit Loeuille for corrections and suggestions in the manuscript. Daniel Testoni, Gregory J. Keighery, Isabel Cristina Gouvea de Borba, Leonardo Paz Deble, Marinda Koekemoer, Robert R. Broekhuis and Teresa Eyzaguirre are sincerely thanked for providing beautiful images of the species. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD JUN 24 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 547 EP 562 DI 10.12705/653.7 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DQ5YJ UT WOS:000379280900007 ER PT J AU Santos, LF Borgonovi, F Celardo, GL AF Santos, Lea F. Borgonovi, Fausto Celardo, Giuseppe Luca TI Cooperative Shielding in Many-Body Systems with Long-Range Interaction SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM ZENO; DECAY; PROPAGATION; RELAXATION AB In recent experiments with ion traps, long-range interactions were associated with the exceptionally fast propagation of perturbation, while in some theoretical works they have also been related with the suppression of propagation. Here, we show that such apparently contradictory behavior is caused by a general property of long-range interacting systems, which we name cooperative shielding. It refers to shielded subspaces that emerge as the system size increases and inside of which the evolution is unaffected by long-range interactions for a long time. As a result, the dynamics strongly depends on the initial state: if it belongs to a shielded subspace, the spreading of perturbation satisfies the Lieb-Robinson bound and may even be suppressed, while for initial states with components in various subspaces, the propagation may be quasi-instantaneous. We establish an analogy between the shielding effect and the onset of quantum Zeno subspaces. The derived effective Zeno Hamiltonian successfully describes the short-ranged dynamics inside the subspaces up to a time scale that increases with system size. Cooperative shielding can be tested in current experiments with trapped ions. C1 [Santos, Lea F.] Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Santos, Lea F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Borgonovi, Fausto; Celardo, Giuseppe Luca] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. [Borgonovi, Fausto; Celardo, Giuseppe Luca] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, ILAMP, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. [Borgonovi, Fausto; Celardo, Giuseppe Luca] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Santos, LF (reprint author), Yeshiva Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10016 USA.; Santos, LF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Santos, Lea/D-5332-2012 OI Santos, Lea/0000-0001-9400-2709 FU NSF [DMR-1147430] FX We acknowledge useful discussions with R. Bachelard, A. Biella, G. G. Giusteri, F. Izrailev, R. Kaiser, S. Ruffo, and R. Trasarti-Battistoni. This work was supported by the NSF Grant No. DMR-1147430. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 25 AR 250402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.250402 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DP0VX UT WOS:000378209900002 PM 27391705 ER PT J AU James, DJ Aarnio, AN Richert, AJW Cargile, PA Santos, NC Melo, CHF Bouvier, J AF James, D. J. Aarnio, A. N. Richert, A. J. W. Cargile, P. A. Santos, N. C. Melo, C. H. F. Bouvier, J. TI Fundamental stellar parameters for selected T-Tauri stars in the Chamaeleon and Rho Ophiuchus star-forming regions SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: evolution; stars: fundamental parameters; Hertzsprung-Russell and colour-magnitude diagrams; stars: late-type; stars: pre-main-sequence ID PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE; H-ALPHA EMISSION; ALL-SKY SURVEY; INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH SURVEY; BROWN DWARF CANDIDATES; MOLECULAR CLOUD CORE; ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; SPITZER C2D SURVEY; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; X-RAY-EMISSION AB We present the results of an optical photometry and high-resolution spectroscopy campaign for a modest sample of X-ray selected stars in the Chamaeleon and Rho Ophiuchus star-forming regions. With R similar to 50 000 optical spectra, we establish kinematic membership of the parent association and confirm stellar youth for each star in our sample. With the acquisition of new standardized BVIc photometry, in concert with near-infrared data from the literature, we derive age and mass from stellar positions in model-dependent Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams. We compare isochronal ages derived using colour-dependent extinction values finding that, within error bars, ages are the same irrespective of whether E(B - V), E(V - Ic), E(J - H) or E(H - K) is used to establish extinction, although model ages tend to be marginally younger for redder E-colour values. For Cham I and eta Cham members, we derive ages of less than or similar to 5-6 Myr, whereas our three eta Cha candidates are more consistent with a greater than or similar to 25 Myr post-T Tauri star population. In Rho Ophiuchus, most stars in our sample have isochronal ages < 10 Myr. Five objects show evidence of strong infrared excess (Lambda nu > 5) in the Two Micron All Sky Survey colour-colour diagram, however in terms of H alpha emission, all stars except RXJ1625.6-2613 are consistent with being weak-lined T-Tauri stars. Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) over the range similar or equal to 4000 angstrom < lambda < 1000 mu m, show that only one Chamaeleon star (RXJ1112.7 -7637) and three Rho Ophiuchus stars (ROXR1 13, RXJ1625.6-2613 & RXJ1627.1-2419) reveal substantial departures from a bare photosphere. C1 [James, D. J.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. [Aarnio, A. N.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 403 West Hall,1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Richert, A. J. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cargile, P. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Santos, N. C.] Univ Porto, CAUP, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Santos, N. C.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Rua Campo Alegre, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Melo, C. H. F.] European So Observ, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile. [Bouvier, J.] Observ Grenoble, Astrophys Lab, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France. RP James, DJ (reprint author), Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile. EM djj@ctio.noao.edu; aarnio@umich.edu; pcargile@cfa.harvard.edu OI Richert, Alexander/0000-0002-9613-6863 FU CTIO [ID: VANF-07A-02]; European Southern Observatory [ID: 075.C-0272]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Space Telescope Science Institute under US Government [NAGW-2166]; National Geographic Society; Sloan Foundation; Samuel Oschin Foundation; Eastman Kodak Corporation; UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council; National Science Foundation [AST-0808072, AST-1311698]; NASA [NNX09AB87G, NNX13AI46G]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [UID/FIS/04434/2013]; FCT [IF/00169/2012]; POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER through programme Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE; [PTDC/FIS-AST/1526/2014] FX We are extremely grateful to the anonymous referee whose report was timely, thorough and fair. S/he made several important suggestions which have resulted in an improved body of work. Her/his neutrality, positive guidance and constructive criticism allowed us the academic freedom to fully concentrate on the amelioration of the manuscript, for which we are deeply grateful. This manuscript is based on observational data acquired using the 1.0 m telescope at the CTIO (programme ID: VANF-07A-02), operated by the SMARTS consortium, and the UT2 telescope operated by the European Southern Observatory at their Paranal site (programme ID: 075.C-0272). We are grateful to the staff and scientists at both observatories for their assistance. This publication also makes use of data products from the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This publication makes use of data products from the WISE, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; Our manuscript also makes use of the DSS, which were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under US Government grant NAGW-2166. The images of these surveys are based on photographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the present compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions: The National Geographic Society - Palomar Observatory Sky Atlas (POSS-I) was made by the California Institute of Technology with grants from the National Geographic Society; The Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS-II) was made by the California Institute of Technology with funds from the National Science Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the Sloan Foundation, the Samuel Oschin Foundation, and the Eastman Kodak Corporation. The Oschin Schmidt Telescope is operated by the California Institute of Technology and Palomar Observatory. The UK Schmidt Telescope was operated by the Royal Observatory Edinburgh, with funding from the UK Science and Engineering Research Council (later the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council), until 1988 June, and thereafter by the Anglo-Australian Observatory. The blue plates of the southern Sky Atlas and its Equatorial Extension (together known as the SERC-J), as well as the Equatorial Red (ER), and the Second Epoch (red) Survey (SES) were all taken with the UK Schmidt.; For ANA, this work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation grants AST-0808072 and AST-1311698, as well as NASA award NNX09AB87G, for which she is grateful. For NCS, this work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the research grant UID/FIS/04434/2013. He also acknowledge the support from FCT through Investigador FCT contract of reference IF/00169/2012 respectively, and POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER funding through the programme Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE, as well as from project reference PTDC/FIS-AST/1526/2014. This work results within the collaboration of the COST Action TD 1308. For PAC, this work was partially supported by NASA grant NNX13AI46G. NR 123 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 2 BP 1363 EP 1392 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw481 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO0LU UT WOS:000377471200019 ER PT J AU Ravandi, MR Barmby, P Ashby, MLN Laine, S Davidge, TJ Zhang, J Bianchi, L Babul, A Chapman, SC AF Ravandi, Masoud Rafiei Barmby, Pauline Ashby, Matthew L. N. Laine, Seppo Davidge, T. J. Zhang, Jenna Bianchi, Luciana Babul, Arif Chapman, S. C. TI The extended disc and halo of the Andromeda galaxy observed with Spitzer-IRAC SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual: M31; galaxies: spiral; galaxies: stellar content; infrared: galaxies ID DWARF IRREGULAR GALAXIES; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; SPACE-TELESCOPE; M31; POPULATION; MODELS; DEEP; STARS; PHOTOMETRY; EVOLUTION AB We present the first results from an extended survey of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) using 41.1 h of observations by Spitzer-IRAC at 3.6 and 4.5 A mu m. This survey extends previous observations to the outer disc and halo, covering total lengths of 44 and 66 along the minor and major axes, respectively. We have produced surface brightness profiles by combining the integrated light from background-corrected maps with stellar counts from a new catalogue of point sources. Using auxiliary catalogues, we have carried out a statistical analysis in colour-magnitude space to discriminate M31 objects from foreground Milky Way stars and background galaxies. The catalogue includes 426 529 sources, of which 66 per cent have been assigned probability values to identify M31 objects with magnitude depths of [3.6] = 19.0 +/- 0.2, [4.5] = 18.7 +/- 0.2. We discuss applications of our data for constraining the stellar mass and characterizing point sources in the outer radii. C1 [Ravandi, Masoud Rafiei; Barmby, Pauline] Western Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [Barmby, Pauline] Western Univ, Ctr Planetary Sci & Explorat, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [Ashby, Matthew L. N.; Zhang, Jenna] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Laine, Seppo] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, MS 314-6,1200 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Davidge, T. J.] Natl Res Council Canada, Dominion Astrophys Observ, 5071 W Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Bianchi, Luciana] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3701 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Babul, Arif] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Elliott Bldg,3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. [Chapman, S. C.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. RP Ravandi, MR (reprint author), Western Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. EM mrafieir@uwo.ca; pbarmby@uwo.ca OI Barmby, Pauline/0000-0003-2767-0090 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA; Natural Science and Engineering Research Council, Canada; National Science Foundation [ACI-1440620]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project [NCC5-626]; Space Telescope Science Institute under US Government [NAGW-2166] FX MRR thanks Sahar Rahmani for technical support. We thank Steven Willner for providing fruitful comments on the initial manuscript; Stephane Courteau for providing surface brightness profiles from Courteau et al. (2011); Alan W. McConnachie and the entire PAndAS collaboration for providing access to the PAndAS catalogue. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope and has made use of the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, both operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Support for this work was provided by NASA and by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council, Canada. This research made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System; MONTAGE, funded by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number ACI-1440620, and was previously funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project, under Cooperative Agreement Number NCC5-626 between NASA and the California Institute of Technology; TOPCAT, an interactive graphical viewer and editor for tabular data (Taylor 2005); the facilities of the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre operated by the National Research Council of Canada with the support of the Canadian Space Agency; and Digitized Sky Survey, retrieved via Aladin (Bonnarel et al. 2000). The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under US Government grant NAGW-2166. The images of these surveys are based on photographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the present compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 2 BP 1403 EP 1414 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw652 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO0LU UT WOS:000377471200021 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Pearce, FR Knebe, A Schneider, A Srisawat, C Tweed, D Jung, I Han, JX Helly, J Onions, J Elahi, PJ Thomas, PA Behroozi, P Yi, SK Rodriguez-Gomez, V Mao, YY Jing, YP Lin, WP AF Wang, Yang Pearce, Frazer R. Knebe, Alexander Schneider, Aurel Srisawat, Chaichalit Tweed, Dylan Jung, Intae Han, Jiaxin Helly, John Onions, Julian Elahi, Pascal J. Thomas, Peter A. Behroozi, Peter Yi, Sukyoung K. Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente Mao, Yao-Yuan Jing, Yipeng Lin, Weipeng TI Sussing merger trees: stability and convergence SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: haloes- galaxies: evolution; dark matter ID DARK-MATTER HALOES; GALAXY FORMATION; SIMULATION; MODELS; FINDER; RATES; CONDENSATION; ENVIRONMENT; HISTORIES; SUBHALOES AB Merger trees are routinely used to follow the growth and merging history of dark matter haloes and subhaloes in simulations of cosmic structure formation. Srisawat et al. compared a wide range of merger-tree-building codes. Here we test the influence of output strategies and mass resolution on tree-building. We find that, somewhat surprisingly, building the tree from more snapshots does not generally produce more complete trees; instead, it tends to shorten them. Significant improvements are seen for patching schemes that attempt to bridge over occasional dropouts in the underlying halo catalogues or schemes that combine the halo-finding and tree-building steps seamlessly. The adopted output strategy does not affect the average number of branches (bushiness) of the resultant merger trees. However, mass resolution has an influence on both main branch length and the bushiness. As the resolution increases, a halo with the same mass can be traced back further in time and will encounter more small progenitors during its evolutionary history. Given these results, we recommend that, for simulations intended as precursors for galaxy formation models where of the order of 100 or more snapshots are analysed, the tree-building routine should be integrated with the halo finder, or at the very least be able to patch over multiple adjacent snapshots. C1 [Wang, Yang; Lin, Weipeng] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yang; Pearce, Frazer R.; Onions, Julian] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Wang, Yang; Lin, Weipeng] Shanghai Astron Observ, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yang] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, 19A,Yuquan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Knebe, Alexander] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Knebe, Alexander] CSIC, UAM, Astro UAM, Unidad Asociada, Barcelona, Spain. [Schneider, Aurel; Srisawat, Chaichalit; Thomas, Peter A.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Schneider, Aurel] Univ Zurich, Inst Computat Sci, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Tweed, Dylan] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Tweed, Dylan; Jing, Yipeng] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Jung, Intae] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, RLM 15308, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Han, Jiaxin; Helly, John] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Inst Computat Cosmol, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Elahi, Pascal J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, A28, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Behroozi, Peter; Mao, Yao-Yuan] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Behroozi, Peter; Mao, Yao-Yuan] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Behroozi, Peter; Mao, Yao-Yuan] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Yi, Sukyoung K.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Yi, Sukyoung K.] Yonsei Univ, Yonsei Univ Observ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.; Wang, Y (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.; Wang, Y (reprint author), Shanghai Astron Observ, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China.; Wang, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, 19A,Yuquan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM wangocea@gmail.com; Frazer.Pearce@nottingham.ac.uk; alexander.knebe@uam.es OI Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079; Schneider, Aurel/0000-0001-7055-8104 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11473053, 11121062, 11233005, U1331201]; National Key Basic Research Program of China [2015CB857001]; Strategic Priority Research Program the Emergence of Cosmological Structures of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09010000]; KISTI [KSC-2012-C3-10]; EC Framework 7 research exchange programme LACEGAL; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) in Spain [AYA2012-31101]; Consolider-Ingenio Programme of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) [CSD2009-00064]; Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP140100198]; Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/L000652/1]; SSimPL programme; Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA) [DP130100117]; National Research Foundation of Korea [2014003730] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China projects (grants 11473053, 11121062, 11233005 and U1331201), the National Key Basic Research Program of China (grant 2015CB857001), and the Strategic Priority Research Program the Emergence of Cosmological Structures of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant XDB09010000). A part of the simulations in this paper was performed on the High Performance Computing (HPC) facilities at the University of Nottingham (www.nottingham.ac.uk/hpc). Part of numerical simulations were performed using the KISTI supercomputer under the programme of KSC-2012-C3-10. This work also made use of the High Performance Computing Resource in the Core Facility for Advanced Research Computing at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory.; YW is supported by the EC Framework 7 research exchange programme LACEGAL. AK is supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) in Spain through grant AYA2012-31101 as well as the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) under grant MultiDark CSD2009-00064. He also acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council (ARC) grants DP140100198. He further thanks Azure Blue for the catcher in the rye. PAT acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant ST/L000652/1). PJE is supported by the SSimPL programme and the Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA) via DP130100117. SKY acknowledges support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (Doyak 2014003730). NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 2 BP 1554 EP 1568 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw726 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO0LU UT WOS:000377471200032 ER PT J AU Batta, A Lee, WH AF Batta, Aldo Lee, William H. TI Inner engine shutdown from transitions in the angular momentum distribution in collapsars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion; accretion discs; hydrodynamics; supernovae: general ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; BLACK-HOLE; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; PROGENITOR STARS; ACCRETION DISKS; LONG; EVOLUTION; MODEL; CODE AB For the collapsar scenario to be effective in the production of gamma ray bursts (GRBs), the infalling star's angular momentum J(r) must be larger than the critical angular momentum needed to form an accretion disc around a black hole (BH), namely J(crit) = 2r(g)c for a Schwarzschild BH. By means of 3D smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations, here we study the collapse and accretion on to BHs of spherical rotating envelopes, whose angular momentum distribution has transitions between supercritical (J > J(crit)) and subcritical (J < J(crit)) values. Contrary to results obtained in previous 2D hydrodynamical simulations, we find that a substantial amount of subcritical material fed to the accretion disc, lingers around long enough to contribute significantly to the energy loss rate. Increasing the amount of angular momentum in the subcritical material increases the time spent at the accretion disc, and only when the bulk of this subcritical material is accreted before it is replenished by a massive outermost supercritical shell, the inner engine experiences a shutdown. Once the muffled accretion disc is provided again with enough supercritical material, the shutdown will be over and a quiescent time in the long GRB produced afterwards could be observed. C1 [Batta, Aldo] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Batta, Aldo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Batta, Aldo; Lee, William H.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apdo Postal 70-264 Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Batta, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Batta, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Batta, A (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Apdo Postal 70-264 Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM abattama@ucsc.edu; wlee@astro.unam.mx FU DGAPA-UNAM [IG100414]; CONACyT [101958]; UC-Mexus Posdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz for useful discussion and feedback concerning this work. The author thanks the kind hospitality of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, where this work was initiated. These simulations where computed using the cluster Atocatl at IA-UNAM, the cluster Diable at ICN-UNAM and the supercomputer Hyades at UCSC. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from DGAPA-UNAM(IG100414) and CONACyT (101958). AB is supported by a UC-Mexus Posdoctoral Fellowship. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 21 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 2 BP 2140 EP 2149 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw697 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO0LU UT WOS:000377471200077 ER PT J AU Beaulieu, JP Bennett, DP Batista, V Fukui, A Marquette, JB Brillant, S Cole, AA Rogers, LA Sumi, T Abe, F Bhattacharya, A Koshimoto, N Suzuki, D Tristram, PJ Han, C Gould, A Pogge, R Yee, J AF Beaulieu, J. -P. Bennett, D. P. Batista, V. Fukui, A. Marquette, J. -B. Brillant, S. Cole, A. A. Rogers, L. A. Sumi, T. Abe, F. Bhattacharya, A. Koshimoto, N. Suzuki, D. Tristram, P. J. Han, C. Gould, A. Pogge, R. Yee, J. TI REVISITING THE MICROLENSING EVENT OGLE 2012-BLG-0026: A SOLAR MASS STAR WITH TWO COLD GIANT PLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: micro; planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: gaseous planets ID GALACTIC BULGE; JUPITER/SATURN ANALOG; MAIN-SEQUENCE; M DWARF; SYSTEM; 2MASS; EARTH; OGLE-2005-BLG-169; CONFIRMATION; SEXTRACTOR AB Two cold gas giant planets orbiting a G-type main-sequence star in the galactic disk were previously discovered in the high-magnification microlensing event OGLE-2012-BLG-0026. Here, we present revised host star flux measurements and a refined model for the two-planet system using additional light curve data. We performed high angular resolution adaptive optics imaging with the Keck and Subaru telescopes at two epochs while the source star was still amplified. We detected the lens flux, H = 16.39 +/- 0.08. The lens, a disk star, is brighter than predicted from the modeling in the original study. We revisited the light curve modeling using additional photometric data from the B&C telescope in New Zealand and CTIO 1.3 m H-band light curve. We then include the Keck and Subaru adaptive optic observation constraints. The system is composed of a similar to 4-9 Gyr lens star of M-lens = 1.06 +/- 0.05 M circle dot at a distance of D-lens = 4.0 +/- 0.3 kpc, orbited by two giant planets of 0.145 +/- 0.008 M-Jup and 0.86 +/- 0.06 M-Jup, with projected separations of 4.0 +/- 0.5 au and 4.8 +/- 0.7 au, respectively. Because the lens is brighter than the source star by 16 +/- 8% in H, with no other blend within one arcsec, it will be possible to estimate its metallicity using subsequent IR spectroscopy with 8-10 m class telescopes. By adding a constraint on the metallicity it will be possible to refine the age of the system. C1 [Beaulieu, J. -P.; Batista, V.; Marquette, J. -B.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Beaulieu, J. -P.; Batista, V.; Marquette, J. -B.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Beaulieu, J. -P.] LESIA Observ Paris, Sect Meudon, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Beaulieu, J. -P.; Cole, A. A.; Bhattacharya, A.; Suzuki, D.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Phys Sci, Private Bag 37, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Bennett, D. P.; Bhattacharya, A.; Suzuki, D.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bennett, D. P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys, Greenbelt, MD 20815 USA. [Fukui, A.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Asakuchi, Okayama 7190232, Japan. [Brillant, S.] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschildst 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rogers, L. A.] Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Rogers, L. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 501 Campbell Hall 3411, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sumi, T.; Koshimoto, N.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Abe, F.] Nagoya Univ, Inst Space Earth Environm Res, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Tristram, P. J.] Mt John Univ Observ, POB 56, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand. [Han, C.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Gould, A.; Pogge, R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 100 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yee, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Beaulieu, JP (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France.; Beaulieu, JP (reprint author), CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France.; Beaulieu, JP (reprint author), LESIA Observ Paris, Sect Meudon, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, France.; Beaulieu, JP (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Sch Phys Sci, Private Bag 37, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. EM beaulieu@iap.fr; bennett@nd.edu; batista@iap.fr; afukui@oao.nao.ac.jp; marquett@iap.fr; sbrillan@eso.org; Andrew.Cole@utas.edu.au; larogers@uchicago.edu; sumi@ess.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp; suzuki@nd.edu; cheongho@astroph.chungbuk.ac.kr; gould@osu.edu; pogge.1@osu.edu; jyee@cfa.harvard.edu OI Rogers, Leslie/0000-0003-0638-3455 FU CNES; DIM ACAV, Region Ile-de-France; PERSU Sorbonne Universite the Programme National de Planetologie and the labex ESEP; NASA [NNX12AF54G]; JPL-RSA [1453175]; NSF [AST-1211875]; Creative Research Initiative Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; University of Tasmania; NASA Keck PI Data Award; WM Keck Foundation; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; [JSPS23340064] FX V.B. was supported by the CNES and the DIM ACAV, Region Ile-de-France. V.B., J.P.B., and J.B.M. acknowledge the support of PERSU Sorbonne Universite the Programme National de Planetologie and the labex ESEP. We are grateful to F. Naudin for discussions about the properties of this system. D.P.B. was supported by grants NASA-NNX12AF54G, JPL-RSA 1453175, and NSF AST-1211875. F. A. is supported by JSPS23340064. Work by C.H. was supported by the Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of the National Research Foundation of Korea. J.P.B. thanks the University of Tasmania for support as part of their visiting scholar program. We thank David and Michelle Warren for their support. This work was partially supported by a NASA Keck PI Data Award, administered by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. The data presented herein were obtained at the WM Keck Observatory from telescope time allocated to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the agency scientific partnership with the California Institute of Technology and the University of California. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the WM Keck Foundation. Work by J.C.Y. and L.A.R. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. This research made use of astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy, astroML, and TOPCAT. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This work is based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla or Paranal Observatories under ESO programme ID 179. B-2002. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 83 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/83 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800019 ER PT J AU Chen, XP Arce, HG Zhang, QZ Launhardt, R Henning, T AF Chen, Xuepeng Arce, Hector G. Zhang, Qizhou Launhardt, Ralf Henning, Thomas TI ROTATING BULLETS FROM A VARIABLE PROTOSTAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; ISM: individual objects (SVS 13); ISM: jets and outflows; stars: formation ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; NGC 1333 REGION; MOLECULAR JETS; ECHELLE SPECTROSCOPY; PROPER MOTIONS; YOUNG STARS; DG-TAURI; HH 7-11; OUTFLOW; VELOCITY AB We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) CO (2-1) observations toward the protostellar jet driven by SVS 13 A, a variable protostar in the NGC 1333 star-forming region. The SMA CO (2-1) images show an extremely high velocity jet composed of a series of molecular "bullets." Based on the SMA CO observations, we discover clear and large systematic velocity gradients, perpendicular to the jet axis, in the blueshifted and redshifted bullets. After discussing several alternative interpretations, such as twin-jets, jet precession, warped disk, and internal helical shock, we suggest that the systematic velocity gradients observed in the bullets result from the rotation of the SVS 13 A jet. From the SMA CO images, the measured rotation velocities are 11.7-13.7 km s(-1) for the blueshifted bullet and 4.7 +/- 0.5 km s(-1) for the redshifted bullet. The estimated specific angular momenta of the two bullets are comparable to those of dense cores, about 10 times larger than those of protostellar envelopes, and about 20 times larger than those of circumstellar disks. If the velocity gradients are due to the rotation of the SVS 13 A jet, the significant amount of specific angular momenta of the bullets indicates that the rotation of jets/outflows is a key mechanism to resolve the so-called "angular momentum problem" in the field of star formation. The kinematics of the bullets suggests that the jet launching footprint on the disk has a radius of similar to 7.2-7.7 au, which appears to support the extended disk-wind model. We note that further observations are needed to comprehensively understand the kinematics of the SVS 13 A jet, in order to confirm the rotation nature of the bullets. C1 [Chen, Xuepeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, 2 West Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Arce, Hector G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, Box 208101, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Zhang, Qizhou] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Launhardt, Ralf; Henning, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Chen, XP (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, 2 West Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM xpchen@pmo.ac.cn OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11473069, 11328301]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Thousand Young Talents Program of China FX We thank the anonymous referee for providing many insightful suggestions and comments, which helped us to improve this work. We acknowledge the SMA staff for technical support during the observations. We thank K.W. Hodapp for providing us Keck [Fe II] data. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants Nos. 11473069 and 11328301) and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant No. XDB09000000). XC acknowledges the support of the Thousand Young Talents Program of China. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 72 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/72 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800008 ER PT J AU Fegley, B Jacobson, NS Williams, KB Plane, JMC Schaefer, L Lodders, K AF Fegley, Bruce, Jr. Jacobson, Nathan S. Williams, K. B. Plane, J. M. C. Schaefer, L. Lodders, Katharina TI SOLUBILITY OF ROCK IN STEAM ATMOSPHERES OF PLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: composition; planets and satellites: formation; planets and satellites: general; planets and satellites: terrestrial planets ID CROSS VIRIAL-COEFFICIENTS; EARTHS UPPER-MANTLE; CRITICAL END-POINT; EQUATION-OF-STATE; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; QUARTZ SOLUBILITY; WATER-VAPOR; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; HIGH-PRESSURES AB Extensive experimental studies show that all major rock-forming elements (e.g., Si, Mg, Fe, Ca, Al, Na, K) dissolve in steam to a greater or lesser extent. We use these results to compute chemical equilibrium abundances of rocky-element-bearing gases in steam atmospheres equilibrated with silicate magma oceans. Rocky elements partition into steam atmospheres as volatile hydroxide gases (e.g., Si(OH)(4), Mg(OH)(2), Fe(OH)(2), Ni(OH)(2), Al(OH)(3), Ca(OH)(2), NaOH, KOH) and via reaction with HF and HCl as volatile halide gases (e.g., NaCl, KCl, CaFOH, CaClOH, FAl(OH)(2)) in much larger amounts than expected from their vapor pressures over volatile-free solid or molten rock at high temperatures expected for steam atmospheres on the early Earth and hot rocky exoplanets. We quantitatively compute the extent of fractional vaporization by defining gas/magma distribution coefficients and show that Earth's subsolar Si/Mg ratio may be due to loss of a primordial steam atmosphere. We conclude that hot rocky exoplanets that are undergoing or have undergone escape of steam-bearing atmospheres may experience fractional vaporization and loss of Si, Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Ca, Na, and K. This loss can modify their bulk composition, density, heat balance, and interior structure. C1 [Fegley, Bruce, Jr.; Lodders, Katharina] Washington Univ, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, Planetary Chem Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Fegley, Bruce, Jr.; Williams, K. B.; Lodders, Katharina] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Jacobson, Nathan S.] NASA, Div Mat, Glenn Res Ctr, MS106-1,21000 Brookpark Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Plane, J. M. C.] Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Schaefer, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Fegley, B (reprint author), Washington Univ, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, Planetary Chem Lab, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.; Fegley, B (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM bfegley@wustl.edu RI Plane, John/C-7444-2015 OI Plane, John/0000-0003-3648-6893 FU NSF Astronomy Program [AST-1412175]; NASA EPSCOR Program [NNX13AE52A]; NASA EPSCOR Program; NASA Glenn Research Center; McDonnell Center Roger B. Chaffee Fellowship; European Research Council [291332-CODITA]; Simons Foundation FX B.F. conceived the idea, integrated the models, and wrote much of the paper with help from K.L., L.S., and the other authors. K.L. developed the partition coefficient modeling and did the calculations for changes in the Si/Mg ratio due to atmospheric loss. B.F., N.S.J., and K.B.W. performed chemical equilibrium calculations with the IVTAN & MAGMA, FactSage, and MELTS codes, respectively. J.M.C.P. performed quantum chemical calculations for thermochemical and photochemical reactions described in the text. B.F. and K.L. were supported by grant AST-1412175 from the NSF Astronomy Program and by the NASA EPSCOR Program Grant NNX13AE52A (B.F.). The NASA EPSCOR Program and NASA Glenn Research Center supported N.S.J. K.B.W. was supported by the McDonnell Center Roger B. Chaffee Fellowship, J.M.C.P. was supported by European Research Council (project number 291332-CODITA), and L.S. was supported by the Simons Foundation. We thank Andrey Plyasunov for helpful discussions and his tabular data for orthosilicic acid vapor, Bob Pepin for helpful discussions on his model, Beth Opilia for comments on Figure 29, and the anonymous referee for their helpful comments that led us to clarify and expand our discussion of chemical interactions between steam atmospheres and magma oceans and its possible effects for planetary compositions. NR 190 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 103 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/103 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800039 ER PT J AU Grier, CJ Brandt, WN Hall, PB Trump, JR Ak, NF Anderson, SF Green, PJ Schneider, DP Sun, M Vivek, M Beatty, TG Brownstein, JR Roman-Lopes, A AF Grier, C. J. Brandt, W. N. Hall, P. B. Trump, J. R. Ak, N. Filiz Anderson, S. F. Green, Paul J. Schneider, D. P. Sun, M. Vivek, M. Beatty, T. G. Brownstein, Joel R. Roman-Lopes, Alexandre TI CIV BROAD ABSORPTION LINE ACCELERATION IN SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY QUASARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: absorption lines ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; RADIO-QUIET QUASARS; 7TH DATA RELEASE; C-IV; AGN FEEDBACK; EMISSION-LINE; MULTIYEAR TIMESCALES; DISK WINDS; SDSS-III AB We present results from the largest systematic investigation of broad absorption line (BAL) acceleration to date. We use spectra of 140 quasars from three Sloan Digital Sky Survey programs to search for global velocity offsets in BALs over timescales of approximate to 2.5-5.5 years in the quasar rest frame. We carefully select acceleration candidates by requiring monolithic velocity shifts over the entire BAL trough, avoiding BALs with velocity shifts that might be caused by profile variability. The C IV BALs of two quasars show velocity shifts consistent with the expected signatures of BAL acceleration, and the BAL of one quasar shows a velocity-shift signature of deceleration. In our two acceleration candidates, we see evidence that the magnitude of the acceleration is not constant over time; the magnitudes of the change in acceleration for both acceleration candidates are difficult to produce with a standard disk-wind model or via geometric projection effects. We measure upper limits to acceleration and deceleration for 76 additional BAL troughs and find that the majority of BALs are stable to within about 3% of their mean velocities. The lack of widespread acceleration/deceleration could indicate that the gas producing most BALs is located at large radii from the central black hole and/or is not currently strongly interacting with ambient material within the host galaxy along our line of sight. C1 [Grier, C. J.; Brandt, W. N.; Trump, J. R.; Schneider, D. P.; Sun, M.; Beatty, T. G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Grier, C. J.; Brandt, W. N.; Trump, J. R.; Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, 104 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Hall, P. B.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Ak, N. Filiz] Erciyes Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Fac Sci, TR-38039 Kayseri, Turkey. [Anderson, S. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Green, Paul J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sun, M.] Xiamen Univ, Dept Astron, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Sun, M.] Xiamen Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Vivek, M.; Brownstein, Joel R.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Beatty, T. G.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Roman-Lopes, Alexandre] Univ La Serena, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis, La Serena 1200, Chile. RP Grier, CJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM grier@psu.edu FU NSF [AST-1108604]; V.M. Willaman Endowment; NSERC; NASA through Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [51330]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; TUBITAK [115F037]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah; Brazilian Participation Group; Carnegie Institution for Science; Carnegie Mellon University; Chilean Participation Group; French Participation Group; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Johns Hopkins University; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg); Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching); Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE); National Astronomical Observatory of China; New Mexico State University; New York University; University of Notre Dame; Observatario Nacional/MCTI; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory; United Kingdom Participation Group; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; University of Arizona; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Oxford; University of Portsmouth; University of Utah; University of Virginia; University of Washington; University of Wisconsin; Vanderbilt University; Yale University FX The authors thank J. A. Rogerson for providing code upon which software used in our analysis was based. We also thank our anonymous referee for useful suggestions on improving our work. We thank K. D. Denney and B. M. Peterson for useful discussions on cross-correlation methods, as well as C. Faucher-Giguere and D. Proga for discussions of acceleration/deceleration in the context of outflow models. We thank E. Gosset for providing us with a higher-resolution plot of an earlier spectrum of one of our acceleration candidates. CJG and WNB acknowledge support from NSF grant AST-1108604 and the V.M. Willaman Endowment. PBH is supported by NSERC. JRT acknowledges support from NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant #51330, awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA under contract NAS 5-26555. NFA acknowledges support from TUBITAK (115F037).; Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org.; SDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatory of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatario Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 130 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/130 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800066 ER PT J AU Nagai, H Nakanishi, K Paladino, R Hull, CLH Cortes, P Moellenbrock, G Fomalont, E Asada, K Hada, K AF Nagai, H. Nakanishi, K. Paladino, R. Hull, C. L. H. Cortes, P. Moellenbrock, G. Fomalont, E. Asada, K. Hada, K. TI ALMA SCIENCE VERIFICATION DATA: MILLIMETER CONTINUUM POLARIMETRY OF THE BRIGHT RADIO QUASAR 3C 286 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; galaxies: individual (3C 286); radio continuum: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; COMPACT STEEP-SPECTRUM; BLACK-HOLE; 5 GHZ; POLARIZATION; JETS; CALIBRATOR; SYSTEMS; MOTION; SCALE AB We present full-polarization observations of the compact, steep-spectrum radio quasar 3C 286 made with the Atacama Large Millimeter and Submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 1.3 mm. These are the first full-polarization ALMA observations, which were obtained in the framework of Science Verification. A bright core and a southwest component are detected in the total intensity image, similar to previous centimeter images. Polarized emission is also detected toward both components. The fractional polarization of the core is about 17%; this is higher than the fractional polarization at centimeter wavelengths, suggesting that the magnetic field is even more ordered in the millimeter radio core than it is further downstream in the jet. The observed polarization position angle (or electric vector position angle (EVPA)) in the core is similar to 39 degrees, which confirms the trend that the EVPA slowly increases from centimeter to millimeter wavelengths. With the aid of multi-frequency VLBI observations, we argue that this EVPA change is associated with the frequency-dependent core position. We also report a serendipitous detection of a sub-mJy source in the field of view, which is likely to be a submillimeter galaxy. C1 [Nagai, H.; Nakanishi, K.; Hada, K.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Nakanishi, K.] Grad Univ Adv Studies SOUKENDAI, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Nakanishi, K.; Cortes, P.; Fomalont, E.] Joint ALMA Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107, Vitacura 7630355, Santiago De Chi, Chile. [Paladino, R.] INAF Osservatorio Radioastron, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Hull, C. L. H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hull, C. L. H.; Cortes, P.; Fomalont, E.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Moellenbrock, G.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Asada, K.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, AS NTU 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP Nagai, H (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. EM hiroshi.nagai@nao.ac.jp OI Hull, Charles/0000-0002-8975-7573 FU MEXT KAKENHI [15K17619] FX We thank an anonymous referee for helpful comments. HN thanks Alvaro Gonzalez and Shinichiro Asayama for the useful discussion about laboratory measurements of the instrumental polarization and Hauyu Baobab Liu for the discussion about the feed orientation. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00017. SV. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE database that is maintained by the MOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). This research has made use of the United States Naval Observatory (USNO) Radio Reference Frame Image Database (RRFID). HN is supported by MEXT KAKENHI Grant Number 15K17619. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 132 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/132 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800068 ER PT J AU Patej, A Loeb, A AF Patej, Anna Loeb, Abraham TI DENSITY JUMPS NEAR THE VIRIAL RADIUS OF GALAXY CLUSTERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; MODEL SELECTION; ACCRETION; PROFILES; MASS; EVOLUTION; INFALL AB Recent simulations have indicated that the dark matter halos of galaxy clusters should feature steep density jumps near the virial radius. Since the member galaxies are expected to follow similar collisionless dynamics as the dark matter, the galaxy density profile should show such a feature as well. We examine the potential of current data sets to test this prediction by selecting cluster members for a sample of 56 low-redshift (0.1 < z < 0.3) galaxy clusters, constructing their projected number density profiles, and fitting them with two profiles, one with a steep density jump and one without. Additionally, we investigate the presence of a jump using a non-parametric spline approach. We find that some of these clusters show strong evidence for a model with a density jump, with the strength of the signal increasing with the inclusion of spectroscopic cluster member identification. We discuss avenues for further analysis of the density jump with future data sets, particularly with the inclusion of additional spectroscopy of cluster outskirts. C1 [Patej, Anna] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Patej, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM apatej@physics.harvard.edu; aloeb@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1144152]; NSF [AST-1312034]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX This work was partly supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant No. DGE-1144152. This work was also supported by NSF grant No. AST-1312034. This work relied on tools from Numpy (van der Walt et al. 2011), Scipy (Oliphant 2007), and Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), as well as ROOT (http://root.cern.ch/).; This paper relies on data from SDSS-III. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 69 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/69 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800005 ER PT J AU Tian, H Xu, Z He, JS Madsen, C AF Tian, Hui Xu, Zhi He, Jiansen Madsen, Chad TI ARE IRIS BOMBS CONNECTED TO ELLERMAN BOMBS? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE line: profiles; magnetic reconnection; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: photosphere; Sun: transition region ID REGION-IMAGING-SPECTROGRAPH; DYNAMICS-OBSERVATORY SDO; SOLAR TRANSITION REGION; EXPLOSIVE EVENTS; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; H-ALPHA; HYDROGEN-BOMBS; O-IV; ATMOSPHERE; TELESCOPE AB Recent observations by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) have revealed pockets of hot gas (similar to 2-8 x 10(4) K) potentially resulting from magnetic reconnection in the partially ionized lower solar atmosphere (IRIS bombs; IBs). Using joint observations between IRIS and the Chinese New Vacuum Solar Telescope, we have identified 10 IBs. We find that 3 are unambiguously and 3 others are possibly connected to Ellerman bombs (EBs), which show intense brightening of the extended H-alpha wings without leaving an obvious signature in the H-alpha core. These bombs generally reveal the following distinct properties: (1) the OIV 1401.156 angstrom and 1399.774 angstrom lines are absent or very weak; (2) the Mn I 2795.640 angstrom line manifests as an absorption feature superimposed on the greatly enhanced Mg II k line wing; (3) the Mg II k and h lines show intense brightening in the wings and no dramatic enhancement in the cores; (4) chromospheric absorption lines such as Ni II 1393.330 angstrom and 1335.203 angstrom are very strong; and (5) the 1700 angstrom images obtained with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory reveal intense and compact brightenings. These properties support the formation of these bombs in the photosphere, demonstrating that EBs can be heated much more efficiently than previously thought. We also demonstrate that the Mg II k and h lines can be used to investigate EBs similarly to H-alpha, which opens a promising new window for EB studies. The remaining four IBs obviously have no connection to EBs and they do not have the properties mentioned above, suggesting a higher formation layer, possibly in the chromosphere. C1 [Tian, Hui; He, Jiansen] Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Tian, Hui] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Xu, Zhi] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Astron Observ, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China. [Madsen, Chad] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Madsen, Chad] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Tian, H (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.; Tian, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. EM huitian@pku.edu.cn RI He, Jiansen/B-1808-2012 FU ESA; Norwegian Space Centre; Recruitment Program of Global Experts of China, NSFC [41574166, 11473064, 41574168, 41231069]; LMSAL [8100002705] FX The Halpha data used in this paper were obtained with the New Vacuum Solar Telescope in Fuxian Solar Observatory of Yunnan Astronomical Observatory, CAS. IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to downlink communications funded by ESA and the Norwegian Space Centre. This work was supported by the Recruitment Program of Global Experts of China, NSFC under grants 41574166, 11473064, 41574168, and 41231069, the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories, and contract 8100002705 from LMSAL to SAO. H.T. and C.M. thank ISSI Bern for the support to the team "Solar UV bursts-a new insight to magnetic reconnection." We thank Peter Young, Rob Rutten, Hardi Peter, Brigitte Schmieder, Zhong Liu, and the anonymous reviewer for helpful discussions and constructive suggestions. NR 66 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 96 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/96 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800032 ER PT J AU Yukita, M Hornschemeier, AE Lehmer, BD Ptak, A Wik, DR Zezas, A Antoniou, V Maccarone, TJ Replicon, V Tyler, JB Venters, T Argo, MK Bechtol, K Boggs, S Christensen, FE Craig, WW Hailey, C Harrison, F Krivonos, R Kuntz, K Stern, D Zhang, WW AF Yukita, M. Hornschemeier, A. E. Lehmer, B. D. Ptak, A. Wik, D. R. Zezas, A. Antoniou, V. Maccarone, T. J. Replicon, V. Tyler, J. B. Venters, T. Argo, M. K. Bechtol, K. Boggs, S. Christensen, F. E. Craig, W. W. Hailey, C. Harrison, F. Krivonos, R. Kuntz, K. Stern, D. Zhang, W. W. TI A HARD X-RAY STUDY OF THE NORMAL STAR-FORMING GALAXY M83 WITH NuSTAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (M83); galaxies: starburst; galaxies: star formation; X-rays: galaxies ID XMM-NEWTON; STARBURST GALAXY; HOST GALAXIES; BROAD-BAND; ULTRALUMINOUS STATE; BINARY POPULATIONS; NUCLEAR STARBURST; FORMATION HISTORY; MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; CENTRAL REGION AB We present the results from sensitive, multi-epoch NuSTAR observations of the late-type star-forming galaxy M83 (d = 4.6 Mpc). This is the first investigation to spatially resolve the hard (E > 10 keV) X-ray emission of this galaxy. The nuclear region and similar to 20 off-nuclear point sources, including a previously discovered ultraluminous X-ray source, are detected in our NuSTAR observations. The X-ray hardnesses and luminosities of the majority of the point sources are consistent with hard X-ray sources resolved in the starburst galaxy NGC 253. We infer that the hard X-ray emission is most likely dominated by intermediate accretion state black hole binaries and neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries (Z-sources). We construct the X-ray binary luminosity function (XLF) in the NuSTAR band for an extragalactic environment for the first time. The M83 XLF has a steeper XLF than the X-ray binary XLF in NGC 253, which is consistent with previous measurements by Chandra at softer X-ray energies. The NuSTAR integrated galaxy spectrum of M83 drops quickly above 10 keV, which is also seen in the starburst galaxies NGC 253, NGC 3310, and NGC 3256. The NuSTAR observations constrain any active galactic nucleus (AGN) to be either highly obscured or to have an extremely low luminosity of less than or similar to 10(38) erg s(-1) (10-30 keV), implying that it is emitting at a very low Eddington ratio. An X-ray point source that is consistent with the location of the nuclear star cluster with an X-ray luminosity of a few times 1038 erg s(-1) may be a low-luminosity AGN but is more consistent with being an X-ray binary. C1 [Yukita, M.; Hornschemeier, A. E.; Lehmer, B. D.; Ptak, A.; Wik, D. R.; Kuntz, K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Homewood Campus, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Yukita, M.; Hornschemeier, A. E.; Lehmer, B. D.; Ptak, A.; Wik, D. R.; Tyler, J. B.; Venters, T.; Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lehmer, B. D.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion, Greece. [Zezas, A.; Antoniou, V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Maccarone, T. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Replicon, V.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Phys, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Tyler, J. B.] Catholic Univ Amer, Inst Astrophys & Computat Sci, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Argo, M. K.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bechtol, K.] Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Boggs, S.; Krivonos, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, F. E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Craig, W. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Hailey, C.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Harrison, F.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Krivonos, R.] Russian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, Profsoyuznaya 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Yukita, M (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Homewood Campus, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; Yukita, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; Yukita, Mihoko/E-4135-2017; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Argo, Megan/0000-0003-3594-0214 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [GO4-15086Z, NAS8-03060]; Russian Science Foundation [14-12-01315] FX We thank the referee for useful comments and suggests that improved this paper. This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We sincerely thank Karl Forster and Brian Grefenstette for their work on the complicated stray light pattern and for assistance in designing the NuSTAR observational setup for minimizing this contamination. We also thank NuSTAR and Chandra mission planners for making the Chandra and NuSTAR observations simultaneous. We also thank P. Tzanavaris and D. Swartz for helpful discussion. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO4-15086Z issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. R.K. acknowledges support from Russian Science Foundation (grant 14-12-01315). NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 107 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/107 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800043 ER PT J AU Zanella, A Scarlata, C Corsini, EM Bedregal, AG Dalla Bonta, E Atek, H Bunker, AJ Colbert, J Dai, YS Henry, A Malkan, M Martin, C Rafelski, M Rutkowski, MJ Siana, B Teplitz, H AF Zanella, A. Scarlata, C. Corsini, E. M. Bedregal, A. G. Dalla Bonta, E. Atek, H. Bunker, A. J. Colbert, J. Dai, Y. S. Henry, A. Malkan, M. Martin, C. Rafelski, M. Rutkowski, M. J. Siana, B. Teplitz, H. TI THE ROLE OF QUENCHING TIME IN THE EVOLUTION OF THE MASS-SIZE RELATION OF PASSIVE GALAXIES FROM THE WISP SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: structure ID SIMILAR-TO 2; VELOCITY-DISPERSION EVOLUTION; ULTRA-DEEP-FIELD; QUIESCENT GALAXIES; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT; POPULATION SYNTHESIS; EVOLVING GALAXIES; STELLAR MASSES; COMPACT AB We analyze how passive galaxies at z similar to 1.5 populate the mass-size plane as a function of their stellar age, to understand if the observed size growth with time can be explained with the appearance of larger quenched galaxies at lower redshift. We use a sample of 32 passive galaxies extracted from the Wide Field Camera 3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallel (WISP) survey with spectroscopic redshift 1.3 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 2.05, specific star formation rates lower than 0.01 Gyr(-1), and stellar masses above 4.5 x 10(10) M-circle dot. All galaxies have spectrally determined stellar ages from fitting of their rest-frame optical spectra and photometry with stellar population models. When dividing our sample into young (age <= 2.1 Gyr) and old (age >= 2.1 Gyr) galaxies we do not find a significant trend in the distributions of the difference between the observed radius and that predicted by the mass-size relation. This result indicates that the relation between the galaxy age and its distance from the mass-size relation, if it exists, is rather shallow, with a slope alpha greater than or similar to -0.6. At face value, this finding suggests that multiple dry and/or wet minor mergers, rather than the appearance of newly quenched galaxies, are mainly responsible for the observed time evolution of the mass-size relation in passive galaxies. C1 [Zanella, A.; Scarlata, C.; Rutkowski, M. J.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Zanella, A.; Corsini, E. M.; Dalla Bonta, E.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Zanella, A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CEA DSM CNRS, Irfu Serv Astrophys,Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Corsini, E. M.; Dalla Bonta, E.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Bedregal, A. G.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Atek, H.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bunker, A. J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Bunker, A. J.] Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Colbert, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dai, Y. S.] Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, 770 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Henry, A.; Rafelski, M.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Malkan, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Martin, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Siana, B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Teplitz, H.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Zanella, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.; Zanella, A (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy.; Zanella, A (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CEA DSM CNRS, Irfu Serv Astrophys,Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM anita.zanella@cea.fr; cmartin@physics.ucsb.edu OI Zanella, Anita/0000-0001-8600-7008 FU Padua University [60A02-5857/13, 60A02-5833/14, 60A02-4434/15, CPDA133894] FX We thank the referee for constructive comments that improved the analysis of the results. We thank Francesco Valentino, Emeric Le Floc'h, and Emanuele Daddi for useful discussions. E.M.C. and E.D.B. are supported by Padua University through grants 60A02-5857/13, 60A02-5833/14, 60A02-4434/15, and CPDA133894. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 2 AR 68 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/2/68 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DU0RS UT WOS:000381912800004 ER PT J AU Gilligan, TM Brown, JW AF Gilligan, Todd M. Brown, John W. TI A NEW GENUS FOR TORTRIX DRUANA WALSINGHAM, 1914 AND A NEW SPECIES FROM THE NORTHERN NEOTROPICS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE: COCHYLINI: EULIINA) SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE "Durangarchips," giganteana; Euliini AB Durangularia, gen.n., is described and illustrated from the northern Neotropics. As currently defined, the genus includes two species: D. druana (Walsingham, 1914), comb.n., from the southwestern U.S. (Arizona, Texas), Mexico, and Guatemala; and D. giganteana, sp.n., from Costa Rica. The new genus is assigned to Cochylini (Euliina) on the basis of the presence of non-deciduous cornuti in the phallus of the male genitalia and the absence of a signum in the female genitalia. C1 [Gilligan, Todd M.] USDA APHIS PPQ S&T, Identificat Technol Program, 2301 Res Blvd,Suite 108, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Brown, John W.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gilligan, TM (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ S&T, Identificat Technol Program, 2301 Res Blvd,Suite 108, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM todd.m.gilligan@aphis.usda.gov; tortricidae.jwb@gmail.com NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD JUN 16 PY 2016 VL 70 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DP0OJ UT WOS:000378188800008 ER PT J AU Cohen, KL Seid, MA Warkentin, KM AF Cohen, Kristina L. Seid, Marc A. Warkentin, Karen M. TI How embryos escape from danger: the mechanism of rapid, plastic hatching in red-eyed treefrogs SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hatching gland cells; Phenotypic plasticity; Frogs; Embryo behavior; Antipredator defense ID CALIFORNIA GRUNION; AGALYCHNIS-CALLIDRYAS; ADAPTIVE PLASTICITY; REPRODUCTIVE MODES; LEURESTHES-TENUIS; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; PREDATION RISK; GLAND-CELLS; TRADE-OFFS; TREE FROG AB Environmentally cued hatching allows embryos to escape dangers and exploit new opportunities. Such adaptive responses require a flexibly regulated hatching mechanism sufficiently fast to meet relevant challenges. Anurans show widespread, diverse cued hatching responses, but their described hatching mechanisms are slow, and regulation of timing is unknown. Arboreal embryos of red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas, escape from snake attacks and other threats by very rapid premature hatching. We used videography, manipulation of hatching embryos and electron microscopy to investigate their hatching mechanism. High-speed video revealed three stages of the hatching process: pre-rupture shaking and gaping, vitelline membrane rupture near the snout, and muscular thrashing to exit through the hole. Hatching took 6.5-49 s. We hypothesized membrane rupture to be enzymatic, with hatching enzyme released from the snout during shaking. To test this, we displaced hatching embryos to move their snout from its location during shaking. The membrane ruptured at the original snout position and embryos became trapped in collapsed capsules; they either moved repeatedly to relocate the hole or shook again and made a second hole to exit. Electron microscopy revealed that hatching glands are densely concentrated on the snout and absent elsewhere. They are full of vesicles in embryos and release most of their contents rapidly at hatching. Agalychnis callidryas' hatching mechanism contrasts with the slow process described in anurans to date and exemplifies one way in which embryos can achieve rapid, flexibly timed hatching to escape from acute threats. Other amphibians with cued hatching may also have novel hatching mechanisms. C1 [Cohen, Kristina L.; Warkentin, Karen M.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Seid, Marc A.] Univ Scranton, Dept Biol, Neurosci Program, 800 Linden St LSC274, Scranton, PA 18510 USA. [Seid, Marc A.; Warkentin, Karen M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. RP Cohen, KL (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM kcohen@bu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0716923, IOS-1354072]; Boston University; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); F. H. Levinson grant; STRI FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0716923 and IOS-1354072), Boston University, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), and an F. H. Levinson grant to STRI's Laboratory of Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology (W. T. Wcislo PI). K.L.C. was supported by an Ernst Mayr short-term fellowship from STRI. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 EI 1477-9145 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 219 IS 12 BP 1875 EP 1883 DI 10.1242/jeb.139519 PG 9 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DO9HY UT WOS:000378097500018 PM 27307544 ER PT J AU Costion, CM Kress, WJ Crayn, DM AF Costion, Craig M. Kress, W. John Crayn, Darren M. TI DNA Barcodes Confirm the Taxonomic and Conservation Status of a Species of Tree on the Brink of Extinction in the Pacific SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CHLOROPLAST DNA; RUBIACEAE; PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTION; FAMILY; SEQUENCES; SPACER; RBCL AB The taxonomic status of a single island, narrow range endemic plant species from Palau, Micronesia (Timonius salsedoi) was assessed using DNA barcode markers, additional plastid loci, and morphology in order to verify its conservation status. DNA barcode loci distinguished T. salsedoi from all other Timonius species sampled from Palau, and were supported by sequence data from the atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer region. Timonius salsedoi was only known from two mature individual trees in 2012. Due to its extremely narrow range and population size, it had previously been recommended to be listed as Critically Endangered Status under three separate IUCN Criteria. In 2014 a second survey of the population following a typhoon revealed that the only two known trees had died suggesting that this species may now be extinct. Comprehensive follow up surveys of suitable habitat for this species are urgently required. C1 [Costion, Craig M.; Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, MRC 166, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Costion, Craig M.; Crayn, Darren M.] James Cook Univ, Australian Trop Herbarium, Cairns Campus, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Crayn, Darren M.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm Sustainabil Sci, Cairns Campus, Cairns, Qld, Australia. RP Costion, CM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, MRC 166, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Costion, CM (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Australian Trop Herbarium, Cairns Campus, Cairns, Qld, Australia. EM costionc@si.edu FU Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund - Threatened Endemic Plants of Palau, University of Adelaide, EF-Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund [56276]; Polynesia-Micronesia (Polynesia-Micronesia), Strategic Category: Safeguard and restore threatened species FX Funding was provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund: http://www.cepf.net/Pages/default.aspx - Threatened Endemic Plants of Palau, University of Adelaide, EF-Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, Grant #56276 (Status: Closed, CI Funds: $36,025.17, Period: May 1, 2010-Apr 30, 2012), Polynesia-Micronesia (Polynesia-Micronesia), Strategic Category: Safeguard and restore threatened species. CMC received funding. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0155118 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0155118 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO5LO UT WOS:000377824800004 PM 27304905 ER PT J AU Wills, C Harms, KE Wiegand, T Punchi-Manage, R Gilbert, GS Erickson, D Kress, WJ Hubbell, SP Gunatilleke, CVS Gunatilleke, IAUN AF Wills, Christopher Harms, Kyle E. Wiegand, Thorsten Punchi-Manage, Ruwan Gilbert, Gregory S. Erickson, David Kress, W. John Hubbell, Stephen P. Gunatilleke, C. V. Savitri Gunatilleke, I. A. U. Nimal TI Persistence of Neighborhood Demographic Influences over Long Phylogenetic Distances May Help Drive Post-Speciation Adaptation in Tropical Forests SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT SEEDLING MORTALITY; NEGATIVE DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; PLANT DIVERSITY; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; SPECIES COEXISTENCE; DIPTEROCARP FOREST; TREE RECRUITMENT AB Studies of forest dynamics plots (FDPs) have revealed a variety of negative density-dependent (NDD) demographic interactions, especially among conspecific trees. These interactions can affect growth rate, recruitment and mortality, and they play a central role in the maintenance of species diversity in these complex ecosystems. Here we use an equal area annulus (EAA) point-pattern method to comprehensively analyze data from two tropical FDPs, Barro Colorado Island in Panama and Sinharaja in Sri Lanka. We show that these NDD interactions also influence the continued evolutionary diversification of even distantly related tree species in these FDPs. We examine the details of a wide range of these interactions between individual trees and the trees that surround them. All these interactions, and their cumulative effects, are strongest among conspecific focal and surrounding tree species in both FDPs. They diminish in magnitude with increasing phylogenetic distance between heterospecific focal and surrounding trees, but do not disappear or change the pattern of their dependence on size, density, frequency or physical distance even among the most distantly related trees. The phylogenetic persistence of all these effects provides evidence that interactions between tree species that share an ecosystem may continue to promote adaptive divergence even after the species' gene pools have become separated. Adaptive divergence among taxa would operate in stark contrast to an alternative possibility that has previously been suggested, that distantly related species with dispersal-limited distributions and confronted with unpredictable neighbors will tend to converge on common strategies of resource use. In addition, we have also uncovered a positive density-dependent effect: growth rates of large trees are boosted in the presence of a smaller basal area of surrounding trees. We also show that many of the NDD interactions switch sign rapidly as focal trees grow in size, and that their cumulative effect can strongly influence the distributions and species composition of the trees that surround the focal trees during the focal trees' lifetimes. C1 [Wills, Christopher] Univ Calif San Diego, Sect Ecol Behav & Evolut, Div Biol Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Harms, Kyle E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Wiegand, Thorsten] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res GmbH UFZ, Dept Ecol Modeling, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Wiegand, Thorsten] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Biodivers Synth, Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Punchi-Manage, Ruwan] Univ Gottingen, Dept Ecosyst Modelling, Busgenweg 4, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Gilbert, Gregory S.; Erickson, David; Kress, W. John; Hubbell, Stephen P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. [Hubbell, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Gunatilleke, C. V. Savitri; Gunatilleke, I. A. U. Nimal] Univ Peradeniya, Dept Bot, Fac Sci, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka. RP Wills, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Sect Ecol Behav & Evolut, Div Biol Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM cwills@ucsd.edu RI Wiegand, Thorsten/H-5877-2016 OI Wiegand, Thorsten/0000-0002-3721-2248 FU ERC advanced grant [233066-SPATIODIVERSITY]; National Science Foundation; Center for Tropical Forest Science; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Mellon Foundation; Small World Institute Fund FX Thorsten Wiegand and Ruwan Punchi-Manage acknowledge funding from ERC advanced grant 233066-SPATIODIVERSITY. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We gratefully acknowledge assistance from Cam Webb in the phylogenetic analysis, for the advice of Andreas Huth, Livio Fenga and Rick Condit, and for help in data analysis from Jerry Greenberg, Ron Hawkins and Paul Rodriguez of the San Diego Supercomputer Center. The detailed and constructive comments by reviewers of earlier versions of the manuscript were of great assistance in refining both the data analysis and its presentation. The BCI forest dynamics research project is supported by the National Science Foundation, the Center for Tropical Forest Science, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, the Small World Institute Fund, and numerous private individuals, and through the hard work of over 100 people from 10 countries over the past three decades. We thank the University of Peradeniya, Postgraduate Institute of Science and the Forest Department of Sri Lanka for administrative support, and the field staff who contributed to the censuses of the Sinharaja plot. These plot projects are part of the Center for Tropical Forest Science, a global network of large-scale demographic tree plots. BCI plot data are available from http://ctfs.arnarb.harvard.edu/webatlas/datasets/bci/. The Sinharaja Forest Monitoring Plot data belongs to the plot PIs and is managed by the CTFS-ForestGEO network. Data are available under request at http://ctfs.si.edu/Public/plotdataaccess/SiteDescription.php?plotname=si nharaja&typedata=tree. Thorsten Wiegand and Ruwan Punchi-Manage acknowledge funding from ERC advanced grant 233066-SPATIODIVERSITY. Programs for EAA analysis are available from C. Wills, cwills@ucsd.edu NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0156913 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156913 PG 24 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO5LO UT WOS:000377824800029 PM 27305092 ER PT J AU Walker, KL AF Walker, Kendra L. TI Seasonal mixing in forest-cover maps for humid tropics and impact of fluctuations in spectral properties of low vegetation SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest cover; Land-cover mapping; Low vegetation; Landsat; Seasonality; Spectral indices; NDVI; Accumulated Wetness index; Soil moisture; Humid tropics; Panama ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; LAND-COVER; TIME-SERIES; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; CANOPY STRUCTURE; SPOT-VEGETATION; DRY SEASON; PHENOLOGY; DYNAMICS AB With advances in satellite data, computer storage capacities and processing technologies, it is increasingly feasible to map forest cover over large areas at high spatial resolutions that are relevant for most decision-makers. For outputs to be informative, however, they must be accurate. The finer spatial resolution of recent large-scale forest products comes at a cost of lower temporal resolution. With few input images available for a given year, appropriate image selection in the creation of forest cover and forest-cover change maps is critical. This work highlights the need for more careful consideration of seasonality in mapping forest cover in the tropics. While most studies of seasonality on forest mapping focus on deciduousness and potential errors of omission, this study highlights seasonal fluctuations in non-forested vegetation and likely errors of comission. Vegetation indices provided good separability between tropical forests and low vegetation including commercial crops, pasture and young fallow, in the dry season, but not in the wet season. Forest-cover maps and change analyses that combine wet and dry-season images without accounting for seasonality risk overestimating initial forest cover and subsequent deforestation. Likewise, analyses that do not distinguish between truly aseasonal wet equatorial regions and seasonal regions of the tropics risk overestimating forest cover in the former. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Walker, Kendra L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. RP Walker, KL (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM klwalker@umich.edu NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 179 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.03.014 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DL3AH UT WOS:000375506100007 ER PT J AU Yesilonis, I Szlavecz, K Pouyat, R Whigham, D Xia, L AF Yesilonis, I. Szlavecz, K. Pouyat, R. Whigham, D. Xia, L. TI Historical land use and stand age effects on forest soil properties in the Mid-Atlantic US SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest; Land-use change; Agriculture; Forest age; Nutrients ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC-MATTER CHEMISTRY; EARTHWORM INVASION; HARDWOOD FOREST; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; CARBON; NITROGEN; IMPACT; VEGETATION; MARYLAND AB The conversion of agriculture lands to forest has been occurring in parts of North America for decades. The legacy of management activity during this transition is reflected in soil physical and chemical properties years after abandonment. This study was conducted at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Maryland, USA, to determine land-use history and forest age effects on soil nutrients, carbon, pH, and bulk density. Soils in young and old successional forests and forests with no evidence of historical disturbance were sampled. The young forest stands were abandoned from agriculture 50-70 years ago and the old forest stands had been abandoned from agriculture or grazing 120-150 years ago. The oldest forest stands had no recorded history of disturbance even though it is likely they were at least disturbed by tree removal or grazing of animals in the colonial era. Young forest soils had higher concentrations of Mg, Ca, NO3 and a higher pH than old, which may be an age effect. The old forest soils that had been abandoned from agriculture and grazing had higher bulk density and lower C content than undisturbed stands indicating a land-use effect. In the stands that were formally agriculture there was evidence of erosion, indicated by a Bt horizon closer to the surface. The most evident difference between stands of different land:use history was the absence of a well-developed 0 horizon, which we attribute to the presence of earthworms. Land-use legacy set the forest ecosystem in a different trajectory of soil evolution. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yesilonis, I.] USDA Forest Serv, 5523 Res Pk,Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Szlavecz, K.; Xia, L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Olin Hall 226,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Pouyat, R.] USDA, Forest Serv Res & Dev, 1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Whigham, D.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Yesilonis, I (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, 5523 Res Pk,Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM iyesilonis@fs.fed.us OI Whigham, Dennis/0000-0003-1488-820X FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-CSREES) [NRI 2007-35320-18375]; National Science Foundation [EEC 0540832 ERC-MIRTHE] FX This study was partially supported by Grants from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-CSREES NRI 2007-35320-18375) and the National Science Foundation (EEC 0540832 ERC-MIRTHE). We thank Nancy Goff (SERC Nutrient Lab), Jay O'Neill (SERC Plant Ecology Lab), Emma Powell (USDA Forest Service), and Dean Cowherd (NRCS) for their help in various stages in the laboratory and in the field. NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 16 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 370 BP 83 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.03.046 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DK8GB UT WOS:000375164100009 ER PT J AU Montgomery, SH Merrill, RM Ott, SR AF Montgomery, Stephen H. Merrill, Richard M. Ott, Swidbert R. TI Brain composition in Heliconius butterflies, posteclosion growth and experience-dependent neuropil plasticity SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive brain evolution; allometry; comparative neuroanatomy; grade-shift; Lepidoptera; mushroom bodies; plasticity ID INSECT MUSHROOM BODIES; HOST-PLANT SELECTION; ANTENNAL LOBE; CENTRAL COMPLEX; VOLUME CHANGES; MANDUCA-SEXTA; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; STANDARDIZED ATLAS; ANATOMICAL BASIS; BEE BRAIN AB Behavioral and sensory adaptations are often reflected in the differential expansion of brain components. These volumetric differences represent changes in cell number, size, and/or connectivity, which may denote changes in the functional and evolutionary relationships between different brain regions, and between brain composition and behavioral ecology. Here we describe the brain composition of two species of Heliconius butterflies, a long-standing study system for investigating ecological adaptation and speciation. We confirm a previous report of a striking volumetric expansion of the mushroom body, and explore patterns of differential posteclosion and experience-dependent plasticity between different brain regions. This analysis uncovers age- and experience-dependent posteclosion mushroom body growth comparable to that in foraging Hymenoptera, but also identifies plasticity in several other neuropils. An interspecific analysis indicates that Heliconius display a remarkably large investment in mushroom bodies for a lepidopteran, and indeed rank highly compared to other insects. Our analyses lay the foundation for future comparative and experimental analyses that will establish Heliconius as a valuable case study in evolutionary neurobiology. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:1747-1769, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Montgomery, Stephen H.] UCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Montgomery, Stephen H.; Merrill, Richard M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Merrill, Richard M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. [Ott, Swidbert R.] Univ Leicester, Dept Neurosci Psychol & Behav, Leicester, Leics, England. RP Montgomery, SH (reprint author), UCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. EM Stephen.Montgomery@cantab.net FU Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851; Leverhulme Trust; Royal Society [RG110466]; British Ecological Society Early Career Project Grant; King's College, Cambridge; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); University Research Fellowship from the Royal Society, London (UK); BBSRC (UK) [BB/L02389X/1] FX Grant sponsor: Research Fellowships from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 and Leverhulme Trust; Grant sponsor: Royal Society; Grant number: RG110466; Grant sponsor: British Ecological Society Early Career Project Grant (all to S. H. M.); Junior Research Fellowship from King's College, Cambridge, and an Ernst Mayr Fellowship from Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) (both to R. M. M.); Grant sponsor: University Research Fellowship from the Royal Society, London (UK); Grant sponsor: BBSRC (UK); Grant number: BB/L02389X/1 (both to S.R.O.). NR 117 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-9967 EI 1096-9861 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 524 IS 9 BP 1747 EP 1769 DI 10.1002/cne.23993 PG 23 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA DJ7HK UT WOS:000374382300001 PM 26918905 ER PT J AU Zhang, HL Hirschmann, MM Cottrell, E Newville, M Lanzirotti, A AF Zhang, H. L. Hirschmann, M. M. Cottrell, E. Newville, M. Lanzirotti, A. TI Structural environment of iron and accurate determination of Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios in andesitic glasses by XANES and Mossbauer spectroscopy SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glass structure; XANES; Mossbauer spectroscopy; Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios; Andesite ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; NATURAL SILICATE LIQUIDS; FERRIC-FERROUS EQUILIBRIA; OXIDATION-STATE; OXYGEN FUGACITY; FE-57 MOSSBAUER; REDOX STATES; ALUMINOSILICATE GLASS; EARTHS MANTLE; MORB GLASSES AB Andesitic glasses equilibrated at 1350 degrees C over a range of oxygen fugacities (log fO(2) from -8.63 to -0.68) were examinedwith Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and Mossbauer spectra. XANES spectral features were then calibrated as a function of Mossbauer-derived Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios. Additionally, both methods help characterize the local structure of iron ions in andesitic glasses. Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios were determined from Mossbauer spectra collected at room temperature but corrected with recoilless fractions obtained from previously reported Mossbauer data collected on one of the glasses from 47 to 293 K. An empirical model was derived for the correlation between the pre-edge centroid energy and Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratio for andesitic glasses. This trend is intermediate between those previously determined for rhyolitic and basaltic glasses, but the distinction from basaltic compositions may be owing chiefly to differences in calibrations for Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratio, rather than to intrinsic differences in the spectra as a function of Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratio for mafic glasses. The ratios of intensities of pre-edge sub-peaks and Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios for andesitic, basaltic, and rhyolitic glasses plot along a common trend, indicating that these measures provide a XANES calibration for Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratio that is less dependent on silicate composition. The coordination numbers of Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions in andesitic glass can be calculated from observations of pre-edge centroid energies and total intensities, combined with independent constraints on Fe3+/SFe ratio from Mossbauer spectra. The mean coordination of Fe2+ ions calculated this way is close to 5.5 for reduced and oxidized compositions, and this is consistent with inferences from hyperfine features of the Mossbauer spectra. The mean coordination number of Fe3+ inferred from XANES increases from similar to 4.5 to similar to 5 as andesitic glasses vary from reduced to oxidized; Mossbauer hyperfine parameters also suggest network-forming behavior of Fe3+, but with higher coordination for more reduced glasses. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, H. L.; Hirschmann, M. M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Cottrell, E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Newville, M.; Lanzirotti, A.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Zhang, HL (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. FU NASA [NNX11AG64G]; NSF [EAR1426772, EAR1433212]; GUP [39997, GUP 20395]; Department of Energy (DOE) - Geosciences [DE-FG02-92ER14244]; DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences [EAR-1128799]; Department of Energy - GeoSciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466] FX The authors appreciate Jed Mosenfelder's assistance with high temperature experiments, Anette von der Handt's assistance with microprobe analyses, Peat Solheid's assistance with Mossbauer spectroscopy, and Suzanne Birner, Maryjo Brounce, and Fred Davis for staffing the beamline sessions in which XANES measurements were taken. We gratefully acknowledge two anonymous referees and support from NASA (NNX11AG64G) and NSF (EAR1426772, EAR1433212). Use of the APS and NSLS was supported by GUP ID 39997 and GUP 20395 respectively. Beamline X26A at the NSLS was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) - Geosciences (DE-FG02-92ER14244 to The University of Chicago - CARS). Use of the NSLS was supported by DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13) at the APS is supported by the National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences (EAR-1128799) and Department of Energy - GeoSciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). Use of the APS is supported by DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 EI 1878-5999 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JUN 15 PY 2016 VL 428 BP 48 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.02.022 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DH9CB UT WOS:000373092300005 ER PT J AU Savaris, M Marinoni, L Norrbom, AL AF Savaris, Marcoandre Marinoni, Luciane Norrbom, Allen L. TI FAMILY TEPHRITIDAE SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE catalogue; Colombia; distribution; taxonomy; Tephritidae ID ANASTREPHA DIPTERA TEPHRITIDAE; SPECIES GROUP DIPTERA; GENUS ANASTREPHA; SCHINER DIPTERA; FRUIT-FLIES; COLOMBIA; REVISION; KEY; RECORDS; BRAZIL AB The present Catalogue includes 90 species and 23 genera of Tephritidae that have been recorded in Colombia. Four subfamilies (Blepharoneurinae, Dacinae, Trypetinae and Tephritinae), and eight tribes (Acrotaeniini, Carpomyini, Dacini, Eutretini, Myopitini, Noeetini, Tephritini, and Toxotrypanini) are represented in the Colombian territory. The species Toxotrypana littoralis and Tomoplagia pleuralis are new records for the country. Trypeta conferta Walker, 1853 is here formally transferred to the genus Neomyopites. C1 [Savaris, Marcoandre; Marinoni, Luciane] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Ctr Politecn, Caixa Postal 19020, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Norrbom, Allen L.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Savaris, M (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Ctr Politecn, Caixa Postal 19020, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM plaumannimyia@gmail.com; lmarinoni@ufpr.br; allen.norrbom@ars.usda.gov RI Gesseff, Ednilson/A-3019-2017; Marinoni, Luciane /C-5720-2013 FU CNPq [200277/2015-4] FX We thank the editors, Marta Wolff and Claudio J. B. Carvalho, for inviting us to complete the fruit fly component of this catalog. We also thank Silvio S. Nihei for reviewing the manuscript. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We thank CNPq for financial support for this study (Process number 200277/2015-4). NR 189 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 4122 IS 1 BP 596 EP 621 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.50 PG 26 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DO4NO UT WOS:000377760000049 PM 27395298 ER PT J AU Marinoni, L Murphy, WL AF Marinoni, Luciane Murphy, William L. TI FAMILY SCIOMYZIDAE SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Acalyptratae; catalog; catalogue; Colombia; distribution; Neotropical; Neotropics; snail-killing flies; taxonomy ID DIPTERA-SCIOMYZIDAE; CORNUCOPIA; BIOLOGY; GENERA; SNAIL AB The Sciomyzidae are a family of acalyptrate flies of worldwide distribution, with 543 extant species and 14 described subspecies in 63 genera. Although 274 species in 37 genera are found in the Western Hemisphere, the sciomyzid fauna of Central and South America remains relatively unknown, comprising 103 species in 25 genera, with only seven species in five genera having been recorded from Colombia: Dictya bergi Valley, Perilimnia albifacies Becker, Pherbellia guttata (Coquillett), Sepedomerus bipuncticeps (Malloch), S. macropus (Walker), Sepedonea guianica (Steyskal), and S. isthmi (Steyskal). C1 [Marinoni, Luciane] Univ Fed Parana, Setor Ciencias Biol, Dept Zool, Cx P 19020, BR-80531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Murphy, William L.] Smithsonian Inst, 7835 Tufton St, Fishers, IN 46038 USA. RP Marinoni, L (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Setor Ciencias Biol, Dept Zool, Cx P 19020, BR-80531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM lmarinoni@msn.com; billmurphy8@sbcglobal.net RI Gesseff, Ednilson/A-3019-2017; Marinoni, Luciane /C-5720-2013 NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 4122 IS 1 BP 642 EP 647 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.53 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DO4NO UT WOS:000377760000051 PM 27395301 ER PT J AU Mathis, WN Rodrigues, FD Couri, MS AF Mathis, Wayne Neilsen Rodrigues Junior, Francisco De Assis Couri, Marcia Souto TI FAMILY EPHYDRIDAE SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE catalogue; Colombia; distribution; Ephydridae ID SHORE-FLY GENUS; NOSTIMA COQUILLETT DIPTERA; DIPHUIA CRESSON DIPTERA; CHINA DIPTERA; HENDEL DIPTERA; REVISION; FLIES; OCHTHERA; STATES; BRAZIL AB This catalog presents 53 species of Ephydridae from Colombia that are classified into five subfamilies, 15 tribes and 26 genera. For each species we present the available geographical information. C1 [Mathis, Wayne Neilsen] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Rodrigues Junior, Francisco De Assis; Couri, Marcia Souto] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Mathis, WN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM mathisw@si.edu; rodriguesjrfra@gmail.com; courimarcia@gmail.com RI Gesseff, Ednilson/A-3019-2017 NR 171 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 4122 IS 1 BP 752 EP 770 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4122.1.64 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DO4NO UT WOS:000377760000062 PM 27395312 ER PT J AU Markson, S Sadeghpour, HR AF Markson, Samuel Sadeghpour, H. R. TI A model for charge transfer in ultracold Rydberg ground-state atomic collisions SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Rydberg atoms; ion-pair states; ultracold atoms; control of reactions ID MOLECULE; DIMERS AB In excited molecules, the interaction between the covalent Rydberg and ion-pair channels forms a unique class of excited states, in which the infinite manifold of vibrational levels are the equivalent of atomic Rydberg states with a heavy electron mass. Production of the ion-pair states usually requires excitation through one or several interacting Rydberg states; these interacting channels lead to loss of flux, diminishing the rate of ion-pair production. Here, we develop an analytical, asymptotic charge-transfer model for the interaction between ultracold Rydberg molecular states, and employ this method to demonstrate the utility of off-resonant field control over the ion-pair formation, with near unity efficiency. C1 [Markson, Samuel; Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Markson, Samuel] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, 2152 Hillside Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Markson, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Markson, S (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, 2152 Hillside Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM smarkson@cfa.harvard.edu; hrs@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation through a grant for the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics at Harvard University and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. SM was additionally supported through a graduate research fellowship through the National Science Foundation. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD JUN 14 PY 2016 VL 49 IS 11 AR 114006 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/49/11/114006 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DN0WW UT WOS:000376788800010 ER PT J AU Zhao, L Jiang, XW Zuo, YJ Liu, XL Chin, SW Haberle, R Potter, D Chang, ZY Wen, J AF Zhao, Liang Jiang, Xi-Wang Zuo, Yun-Juan Liu, Xiao-Lin Chin, Siew-Wai Haberle, Rosemarie Potter, Daniel Chang, Zhao-Yang Wen, Jun TI Multiple Events of Allopolyploidy in the Evolution of the Racemose Lineages in Prunus (Rosaceae) Based on Integrated Evidence from Nuclear and Plastid Data SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLANT PHYLOGENETICS PROGRESS; SEQUENCE DATA; GENE DATA; SPECIATION; INFERENCE; PLUMS; CLASSIFICATION; PRUNOCERASUS; SYSTEMATICS; POLYPLOIDY AB Prunus is an economically important genus well-known for cherries, plums, almonds, and peaches. The genus can be divided into three major groups based on inflorescence structure and ploidy levels: (1) the diploid solitary-flower group (subg. Prunus, Amygdalus and Emplectocladus); (2) the diploid corymbose group (subg. Cerasus); and (3) the polyploid racemose group (subg. Padus, subg. Laurocerasus, and the Maddenia group). The plastid phylogeny suggests three major clades within Prunus: Prunus-Amygdalus-Emplectocladus, Cerasus, and Laurocerasus-Padus-Maddenia, while nuclear ITS trees resolve Laurocerasus-Padus-Maddenia as a paraphyletic group. In this study, we employed sequences of the nuclear loci At103, ITS and s6pdh to explore the origins and evolution of the racemose group. Two copies of the At103 gene were identified in Prunus. One copy is found in Prunus species with solitary and corymbose inflorescences as well as those with racemose inflorescences, while the second copy (II) is present only in taxa with racemose inflorescences. The copy I sequences suggest that all racemose species form a paraphyletic group composed of four clades, each of which is definable by morphology and geography. The tree from the combined At103 and ITS sequences and the tree based on the single gene s6pdh had similar general topologies to the tree based on the copy I sequences of At103, with the combined At103-ITS tree showing stronger support in most clades. The nuclear At103, ITS and s6pdh data in conjunction with the plastid data are consistent with the hypothesis that multiple independent allopolyploidy events contributed to the origins of the racemose group. A widespread species or lineage may have served as the maternal parent for multiple hybridizations involving several paternal lineages. This hypothesis of the complex evolutionary history of the racemose group in Prunus reflects a major step forward in our understanding of diversification of the genus and has important implications for the interpretation of its phylogeny, evolution, and classification. C1 [Zhao, Liang; Chang, Zhao-Yang] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Xi-Wang] Jianghan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Zuo, Yun-Juan] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Sci Res Ctr, Shanghai Chenshan Bot Garden, 3888 Chenhua Rd, Shanghai 201602, Peoples R China. [Liu, Xiao-Lin] Weifang Engn Vocat Coll, Sch Appl Chem & Biol Engn, Qingzhou 262500, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chin, Siew-Wai; Potter, Daniel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, MS2, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Haberle, Rosemarie] Pacific Lutheran Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC USA. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu FU Smithsonian Endowment program; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 0515431]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [QN2012020, 2452015406]; China Scholarship Council FX This work was supported by the Smithsonian Endowment program, the National Science Foundation (NSF Award number DEB 0515431 to JW) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. QN2012020, 2452015406 to LZ). The China Scholarship Council was gratefully acknowledged for financial support of LZ's research visit to the Smithsonian Institution.; This work was supported by the Smithsonian Endowment program, the National Science Foundation (NSF Award number DEB 0515431) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. QN2012020, 2452015406). The China Scholarship Council was gratefully acknowledged for financial support of L. Zhao's research visit to the Smithsonian Institution. Peiliang Liu and Ning Zhang are acknowledged for assistance with data analyses. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 14 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 13 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157123 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157123 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO5KF UT WOS:000377821300022 PM 27294529 ER PT J AU Farine, DR Strandburg-Peshkin, A Berger-Wolf, T Ziebart, B Brugere, I Li, J Crofoot, MC AF Farine, Damien R. Strandburg-Peshkin, Ariana Berger-Wolf, Tanya Ziebart, Brian Brugere, Ivan Li, Jia Crofoot, Margaret C. TI Both Nearest Neighbours and Long-term Affiliates Predict Individual Locations During Collective Movement in Wild Baboons SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID DECISION-MAKING; SOCIAL NETWORKS; CHACMA BABOONS; BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; CAPUCHIN MONKEYS; GROUP NAVIGATION; ANIMAL GROUPS; LEADERSHIP; DYNAMICS; RULES AB In many animal societies, groups of individuals form stable social units that are shaped by well-delineated dominance hierarchies and a range of affiliative relationships. How do socially complex groups maintain cohesion and achieve collective movement? Using high-resolution GPS tracking of members of a wild baboon troop, we test whether collective movement in stable social groups is governed by interactions among local neighbours ( commonly found in groups with largely anonymous memberships), social affiliates, and/or by individuals paying attention to global group structure. We construct candidate movement prediction models and evaluate their ability to predict the future trajectory of focal individuals. We find that baboon movements are best predicted by 4 to 6 neighbours. While these are generally individuals' nearest neighbours, we find that baboons have distinct preferences for particular neighbours, and that these social affiliates best predict individual location at longer time scales (> 10 minutes). Our results support existing theoretical and empirical studies highlighting the importance of local rules in driving collective outcomes, such as collective departures, in primates. We extend previous studies by elucidating the rules that maintain cohesion in baboons 'on the move', as well as the different temporal scales of social interactions that are at play. C1 [Farine, Damien R.; Crofoot, Margaret C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Farine, Damien R.; Crofoot, Margaret C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, S Parks Rd, Oxford, England. [Farine, Damien R.] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Collect Behav, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Strandburg-Peshkin, Ariana] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 106A Guyot Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Berger-Wolf, Tanya; Ziebart, Brian; Brugere, Ivan; Li, Jia] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, 851 South Morgan St, Chicago, IL USA. [Crofoot, Margaret C.] Univ Calif Davis, Anim Behav Grad Grp, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Farine, DR; Crofoot, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Farine, DR; Crofoot, MC (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.; Farine, DR (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, S Parks Rd, Oxford, England.; Farine, DR (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Collect Behav, D-78457 Constance, Germany.; Farine, DR (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, D-78457 Constance, Germany.; Crofoot, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Anim Behav Grad Grp, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dfarine@orn.mpg.de; mccrofoot@ucdavis.edu FU NSF [EAGER-IOS-1250895, CNS-1248080, IGERT 1069311]; Max Planck Institute for Ornithology; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Princeton University; BBSRC [BB/L006081/1]; NIH [T32HG003284] FX We thank Kenya National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation, Kenyan Wildlife Service and Mpala Research Centre for permission to conduct research. We thank M. Wikelski, E. Bermingham, D. Rubenstein and M. Kinnaird for logistical support; R. Kays, S. Murray, M. Mutinda, R. Lessnau, S. Alavi, J. Nairobi, F. Kuemmeth, and W. Heidrich for assistance. We thank D. Pappano, A. Courtiol, and two anonymous reviewers for feedback on the manuscript. This study was funded by the NSF (EAGER-IOS-1250895). Data collection was supported by funding from the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and Princeton University. DRF received additional support from BBSRC (BB/L006081/1 to B.C. Sheldon). ASP received additional support from NIH (T32HG003284) and NSF (GRF to ASP). TBW received additional support from NSF (CNS-1248080). IB received additional support from NSF (IGERT 1069311). Data are deposited at www.datarepository.movebank.org/ (doi: 10.5441/001/1.kn0816jn). NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUN 13 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 27704 DI 10.1038/srep27704 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO3AU UT WOS:000377653300001 PM 27292778 ER PT J AU Shimwell, TW Luckin, J Bruggen, M Brunetti, G Intema, HT Owers, MS Rottgering, HJA Stroe, A van Weeren, RJ Williams, WL Cassano, R de Gasperin, F Heald, GH Hoang, DN Hardcastle, MJ Sridhar, SS Sabater, J Best, PN Bonafede, A Chyzy, KT Ensslin, TA Ferrari, C Haverkorn, M Hoeft, M Horellou, C McKean, JP Morabito, LK Orru, E Pizzo, R Retana-Montenegro, E White, GJ AF Shimwell, T. W. Luckin, J. Brueggen, M. Brunetti, G. Intema, H. T. Owers, M. S. Roettgering, H. J. A. Stroe, A. van Weeren, R. J. Williams, W. L. Cassano, R. de Gasperin, F. Heald, G. H. Hoang, D. N. Hardcastle, M. J. Sridhar, S. S. Sabater, J. Best, P. N. Bonafede, A. Chyzy, K. T. Ensslin, T. A. Ferrari, C. Haverkorn, M. Hoeft, M. Horellou, C. McKean, J. P. Morabito, L. K. Orru, E. Pizzo, R. Retana-Montenegro, E. White, G. J. TI A plethora of diffuse steep spectrum radio sources in Abell 2034 revealed by LOFAR SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; shock waves; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 2034; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; radio continuum: general ID MERGING GALAXY CLUSTER; ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; NORTHERN SKY SURVEY; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; X-RAY; COMA CLUSTER; PARTICLE REACCELERATION; ROTATION MEASURE; BULLET CLUSTER; SHOCK AB With Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) observations, we have discovered a diverse assembly of steep spectrum emission that is apparently associated with the intracluster medium (ICM) of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 2034. Such a rich variety of complex emission associated with the ICM has been observed in few other clusters. This not only indicates that Abell 2034 is a more interesting and complex system than previously thought but it also demonstrates the importance of sensitive and high-resolution, low-frequency observations. These observations can reveal emission from relativistic particles which have been accelerated to sufficient energy to produce observable emission or have had their high energy maintained by mechanisms in the ICM. The most prominent feature in our maps is a bright bulb of emission connected to two steep spectrum filamentary structures, the longest of which extends perpendicular to the merger axis for 0.5 Mpc across the south of the cluster. The origin of these objects is unclear, with no shock detected in the X-ray images and no obvious connection with cluster galaxies or AGNs. We also find that the X-ray bright region of the cluster coincides with a giant radio halo with an irregular morphology and a very steep spectrum. In addition, the cluster hosts up to three possible radio relics, which are misaligned with the cluster X-ray emission. Finally, we have identified multiple regions of emission with a very steep spectral index that seem to be associated with either tailed radio galaxies or a shock. C1 [Shimwell, T. W.; Luckin, J.; Intema, H. T.; Roettgering, H. J. A.; Stroe, A.; Williams, W. L.; de Gasperin, F.; Hoang, D. N.; Haverkorn, M.; Morabito, L. K.; Retana-Montenegro, E.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Luckin, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Brueggen, M.; de Gasperin, F.; Bonafede, A.] Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Brunetti, G.; Cassano, R.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Owers, M. S.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Owers, M. S.] Australia & Australian Astron Observ, POB 915, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. [Stroe, A.] European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Williams, W. L.; Heald, G. H.; Sridhar, S. S.; McKean, J. P.; Orru, E.; Pizzo, R.] ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Heald, G. H.; Sridhar, S. S.; McKean, J. P.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Hardcastle, M. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Sabater, J.; Best, P. N.] Royal Observ, Inst Astron, SUPA, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Chyzy, K. T.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Ensslin, T. A.] MPI F Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Ferrari, C.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 7293, Observ Cote Azur,Lab Lagrange, F-06300 Nice, France. [Haverkorn, M.; Orru, E.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Hoeft, M.] Thuringer Landessternwarte, Sternwarte 5, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Horellou, C.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [White, G. J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [White, G. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, RAL Space, Didcot OX11 0NL, Oxon, England. [Heald, G. H.] CSIRO Astron, Space Sci, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Perth, WA 6151, Australia. RP Shimwell, TW (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM shimwell@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; Seethapuram Sridhar, Sarrvesh/0000-0002-7587-4779; Sabater, Jose/0000-0003-1149-6294; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660; Hardcastle, Martin/0000-0003-4223-1117 FU ERC Advanced Investigator programme NewClusters [321271]; Australian Research Council [FT140100255]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-14-CE23-0004-01]; STFC [ST/M001008/1]; DFG through the Forschergruppe [1254]; Leiden/ESA astrophysics programme for summer students (LEAPS) FX TS and HR acknowledge support from the ERC Advanced Investigator programme NewClusters 321271. TS and JL thank the Leiden/ESA astrophysics programme for summer students (LEAPS) which supported JL in Leiden. MSO acknowledges the funding support from the Australian Research Council through a Future Fellowship Fellowship (FT140100255). CF acknowledges financial support by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche through grant ANR-14-CE23-0004-01. MJH acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/M001008/1. MH acknowledges financial support by the DFG through the Forschergruppe 1254. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP 277 EP 290 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw661 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KB UT WOS:000376386600023 ER PT J AU Antoniou, V Zezas, A AF Antoniou, V. Zezas, A. TI Star formation history and X-ray binary populations: the case of the Large Magellanic Cloud SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: emission-line, Be; stars: formation; stars: neutron; pulsars: general; Magellanic Clouds; X-rays: binaries ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; XTE J0421+560/CI CAMELOPARDALIS; AGE-METALLICITY RELATION; XMM-NEWTON SURVEY; VLT-FLAMES SURVEY; ALL-SKY SURVEY; OPTICAL COUNTERPARTS; TRANSIENT A0538-66; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION AB In this work we investigate the link between high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) and star formation in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), our nearest star-forming galaxy. Using optical photometric data, we identify the most likely counterpart of 44 X-ray sources. Among the 40 HMXBs classified in this work, we find 33 Be/X-ray binaries (Be-XRBs), and 4 supergiant XRBs. Using this census and the published spatially resolved star formation history map of the LMC, we find that the HMXBs (and as expected the X-ray pulsars) are present in regions with star formation bursts similar to 6-25 Myr ago, in contrast to the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), for which this population peaks at later ages (similar to 25-60 Myr ago). We also estimate the HMXB production rate to be equal to one system per similar to 23.0(-4.1)(+4.4) x 10(-3) M-circle dot yr(-1) or one system per similar to 143M(circle dot) of stars formed during the associated star formation episode. Therefore, the formation efficiency of HMXBs in the LMC is similar to 17 times lower than that in the SMC. We attribute this difference primarily in the different ages and metallicity of the HMXB populations in the two galaxies. We also set limits on the kicks imparted on the neutron star during the supernova explosion. We find that the time elapsed since the supernova kick is similar to 3 times shorter in the LMC than the SMC. This in combination with the average offsets of the HMXBs from their nearest star clusters results in similar to 4 times faster transverse velocities for HMXBs in the LMC than in the SMC. C1 [Antoniou, V.; Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, A.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Antoniou, V (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM vantoniou@cfa.harvard.edu RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011 OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX10AH47G]; NASA/Chandra grants [GO3-14051X, AR4-15003X]; NASA/ADAP grant [NNX12AN05G]; European Research Council under the European Union [617001] FX We thank the anonymous referee and Georgios Vasilopoulos for their insightful comments, which have improved the paper. This material is based upon work supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX10AH47G issued through the Astrophysics Data Analysis Program. VA also acknowledges financial support from NASA/Chandra grants GO3-14051X and AR4-15003X. AZ acknowledges financial support from NASA/ADAP grant NNX12AN05G and funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 617001. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France; the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; NASA's Astrophysics Data System; the Tool for OPerations on Catalogues And Tables (TOPCAT) software package (Taylor 2005). NR 207 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP 528 EP 553 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw167 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KB UT WOS:000376386600042 ER PT J AU Yadav, N Ray, A Chakraborti, S AF Yadav, Naveen Ray, Alak Chakraborti, Sayan TI Low-frequency radio observations of SN 2011dh and the evolution of its post-shock plasma properties SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; techniques: interferometric; stars: mass-loss; supernovae: individual: SN 2011dh; radio continuum: general ID IIB SUPERNOVA 2011DH; YELLOW SUPERGIANT PROGENITOR; X-RAY-EMISSION; BINARY PROGENITOR; LIGHT-CURVE; MASS-LOSS; 1993J; M51; ACCELERATION; EXPLOSION AB We present late time, low-frequency observations of SN 2011dh made using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). Our observations at 325, 610 and 1280 MHz conducted between 93 and 421 d after the explosion supplement the millimeter and centimetrewave observations conducted between 4 and 15 d after explosion using the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) and extensive radio observations (1.0-36.5 GHz) conducted between 16 and 93 d after explosion using Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA). We fit a synchrotron self absorption model (SSA) to the 610 and 1280 MHz radio light curves. We use it to determine the radius (R-p) and magnetic field (B-p) at 173 and 323 d after the explosion. A comparison of the peak radio luminosity Lop with the product of the peak frequency nu(p) and time to peak t(p) shows that the supernova evolves between the epochs of CARMA, JVLA and GMRT observations. It shows a general slowing down of the expansion speed of the radio emitting region on a time-scale of several hundred days during which the shock is propagating through a circumstellar medium set up by a wind with a constant mass-loss parameter, (M) over dot / nu(w). We derive the mass-loss parameter (A(star)) based on 610 and 1280 MHz radio light curves, which are found to be consistent with each other within error limits. C1 [Yadav, Naveen; Ray, Alak] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Homi Bhabha Rd, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Yadav, Naveen] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. [Ray, Alak; Chakraborti, Sayan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chakraborti, Sayan] Harvard Univ, Soc Fellows, 78 Mt Auburn St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Yadav, N (reprint author), Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Homi Bhabha Rd, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India.; Yadav, N (reprint author), Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India. EM naveen.phys@gmail.com OI Yadav, Naveen/0000-0002-4107-9443 FU TIFR 12th Five Year Plan [12P-0261]; CSIR-SPM fellowship [SPM-07/858(0057)/2009-EMR-I] FX We wish to acknowledge the support of TIFR 12th Five Year Plan (project no: 12P-0261). NY wishes to thank Asaf Horesh for his valuable comments on the manuscript. NY wishes to acknowledge the support of CSIR-SPM fellowship (SPM-07/858(0057)/2009-EMR-I). AR thanks the director and staff of ITC, Harvard university for their hospitality during his leave of absence from TIFR. We thank the staff of the GMRT who have made these observations possible. GMRT is run by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP 595 EP 602 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw594 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KB UT WOS:000376386600046 ER PT J AU Marino, AF Milone, AP Casagrande, L Collet, R Dotter, A Johnson, CI Lind, K Bedin, LR Jerjen, H Aparicio, A Sbordone, L AF Marino, A. F. Milone, A. P. Casagrande, L. Collet, R. Dotter, A. Johnson, C. I. Lind, K. Bedin, L. R. Jerjen, H. Aparicio, A. Sbordone, L. TI Chemical abundances in the multiple sub-giant branch of 47 Tucanae: insights on its faint sub-giant branch component SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic; stars: Population II; globular clusters: general; globular clusters: individual: NGC104 (47 Tucanae). ID GALACTIC GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; PHOTOMETRIC STANDARD STARS; DOUBLE SUBGIANT BRANCH; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; UV LEGACY SURVEY; STELLAR POPULATIONS; OMEGA-CENTAURI; NGC 1851; HOMOGENEOUS PHOTOMETRY; NITROGEN ABUNDANCES AB The globular cluster 47 Tuc exhibits a complex sub-giant branch (SGB) with a faint-SGB comprising only about the 10 per cent of the cluster mass and a bright-SGB hosting at least two distinct populations. We present a spectroscopic analysis of 62 SGB stars including 21 faint-SGB stars. We thus provide the first chemical analysis of the intriguing faint-SGB population and compare its abundances with those of the dominant populations. We have inferred abundances of Fe, representative light elements C, N, Na, and Al, alpha elements Mg and Si for individual stars. Oxygen has been obtained by co-adding spectra of stars on different sequences. In addition, we have analysed 12 stars along the two main RGBs of 47 Tuc. Our principal results are (i) star-to-star variations in C/N/Na among RGB and bright-SGB stars; (ii) substantial N and Na enhancements for the minor population corresponding to the faint-SGB; (iii) no high enrichment in C+N+O for faint-SGB stars. Specifically, the C+N+O of the faint-SGB is a factor of 1.1 higher than the bright-SGB, which, considering random (+/- 1.3) plus systematic errors (+/- 0.3), means that their C+N+O is consistent within observational uncertainties. However, a small C+N+O enrichment for the faint-SGB, similar to what predicted on theoretical ground, cannot be excluded. The N and Na enrichment of the faint-SGB qualitatively agrees with this population possibly being He-enhanced, as suggested by theory. The iron abundance of the bright and faint-SGB is the same to a level of similar to 0.10 dex, and no other significant difference for the analysed elements has been detected. C1 [Marino, A. F.; Milone, A. P.; Casagrande, L.; Collet, R.; Dotter, A.; Jerjen, H.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Collet, R.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Johnson, C. I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lind, K.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Koenigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bedin, L. R.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Aparicio, A.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain. [Sbordone, L.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Astroengn, Dept Elect Engn, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Sbordone, L.] Milky Way Millennium Nucleus, Av Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. RP Marino, AF (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. EM anna.marino@anu.edu.au FU Australian Research Council [DE150101816, DE160100851, DE120102904, FL110100012]; Clay Fellowship FX We thank the anonymous referee for his/her helpful suggestions. AFM, APM and RC have been supported by the Australian Research Council through Discovery Early Career Researcher Awards DE150101816, DE160100851 and DE120102904. CIJ gratefully acknowledges support from the Clay Fellowship, administered by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. AD is supported by the Australian Research Council under grant FL110100012. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP 610 EP 623 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw611 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KB UT WOS:000376386600048 ER PT J AU Bitsakis, T Dultzin, D Ciesla, L Diaz-Santos, T Appleton, PN Charmandaris, V Krongold, Y Guillard, P Alatalo, K Zezas, A Gonzalez, J Lanz, L AF Bitsakis, T. Dultzin, D. Ciesla, L. Diaz-Santos, T. Appleton, P. N. Charmandaris, V. Krongold, Y. Guillard, P. Alatalo, K. Zezas, A. Gonzalez, J. Lanz, L. TI Studying the evolution of galaxies in compact groups over the past 3 Gyr - II. The importance of environment in the suppression of star formation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: groups: general; galaxies: interactions ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; MIDINFRARED GREEN VALLEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; FORMING GALAXIES; DATA RELEASE; WIDE SHOCKS; EMISSION; SEQUENCE; UNIVERSE; PHOTOMETRY AB We present an in depth study on the evolution of galaxy properties in compact groups over the past 3 Gyr. We are using the largest multiwavelength sample to-date, comprised 1770 groups (containing 7417 galaxies), in the redshift range of 0.01 < z < 0.23. To derive the physical properties of the galaxies, we rely on ultraviolet (UV)-to-infrared spectral energy distribution modelling, using CIGALE. Our results suggest that during the 3 Gyr period covered by our sample, the star formation activity of galaxies in our groups has been substantially reduced (3 to 10 times). Moreover, their star formation histories as well as their UV-optical and mid-infrared colours are significantly different from those of field and cluster galaxies, indicating that compact group galaxies spend more time transitioning through the green valley. The morphological transformation from late-type spirals to early-type galaxies occurs in the mid-infrared transition zone rather than in the UV-optical green valley. We find evidence of shocks in the emission line ratios and gas velocity dispersions of the late-type galaxies located below the star forming main sequence. Our results suggest that in addition to gas stripping, turbulence and shocks might play an important role in suppressing the star formation in compact group galaxies. C1 [Bitsakis, T.; Dultzin, D.; Gonzalez, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, POB 70-264, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Ciesla, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Lab AIM, CEA DSM IRFU, F-91190 Gif, France. [Ciesla, L.; Charmandaris, V.; Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Diaz-Santos, T.] Univ Diego Portales, Nucleo Astron, Fac Ingn, Av Ejercito Libertador 441, Santiago, Chile. [Appleton, P. N.; Alatalo, K.] NASA Herschel Sci Ctr, 770 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Charmandaris, V.] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, GR-15236 Penteli, Greece. [Charmandaris, V.] Observ Paris, Chercheur Associe, F-75014 Paris, France. [Guillard, P.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, 98 Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France. [Guillard, P.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. [Alatalo, K.] Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Zezas, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zezas, A.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas FORTH, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Lanz, L.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, MC100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Bitsakis, T; Dultzin, D (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, POB 70-264, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.; Charmandaris, V (reprint author), Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece.; Charmandaris, V (reprint author), Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, GR-15236 Penteli, Greece.; Charmandaris, V (reprint author), Observ Paris, Chercheur Associe, F-75014 Paris, France. EM t.bitsakis@crya.unam.mx; deborah@astro.unam.mx; vassilis@physics.uoc.gr RI Bitsakis, Theodoros/O-2766-2013; Charmandaris, Vassilis/A-7196-2008; Gonzalez, Jose/L-6687-2014; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011 OI Bitsakis, Theodoros/0000-0001-5787-8242; Charmandaris, Vassilis/0000-0002-2688-1956; Gonzalez, Jose/0000-0002-3724-1583; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X FU DGAPA-UNAM; PAIIT-UNAM [107313]; EU FP7 Grant [PIRSES-GA-2012-316788]; European Research Council under the European Union [617001]; DGAPA PAIIPIT [IN104215]; CONACYT [168519]; ALMA-CONICYT [31130005]; FONDECYT [1151239] FX TB would like to acknowledge support from the DGAPA-UNAM postdoctoral fellowships. DD acknowledges support through grant 107313 from PAIIT-UNAM. VC would like to acknowledge partial support from the EU FP7 Grant PIRSES-GA-2012-316788. AZ acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 617001. YK acknowledges support from grant DGAPA PAIIPIT IN104215 and CONACYT grant 168519. T.D-S. acknowledges support from ALMA-CONICYT project 31130005 and FONDECYT 1151239. This research has made use of data products from: Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), and ultraviolet space telescope operated by Caltech/NASA, Infrared Science Archive (IRSA/Caltech), a UCLA/JPL-Caltech/NASA joint project, and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). TB would also like to thank P. Bonfini, G. Maravelias, A. Maragkoudakis and A. Steiakaki for the useful discussions/suggestions. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP 957 EP 970 DI 10.1093/mnras/stw686 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KB UT WOS:000376386600072 ER PT J AU Amorisco, NC Loeb, A AF Amorisco, N. C. Loeb, A. TI Ultradiffuse galaxies: the high-spin tail of the abundant dwarf galaxy population SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: dwarf; galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: structure ID SURFACE BRIGHTNESS GALAXIES; DARK-MATTER HALOES; ULTRA-DIFFUSE GALAXIES; VIRGO CLUSTER; DISK GALAXIES; COMA CLUSTER; ORBITAL PARAMETERS; MODEL; MASS; DEPENDENCE AB Recent observations have revealed the existence of an abundant population of faint, low-surface brightness (SB) galaxies, which appear to be numerous and ubiquitous in nearby galaxy clusters, including the Virgo, Coma and Fornax clusters. With median stellar masses of dwarf galaxies, these ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) have unexpectedly large sizes, corresponding to a mean SB of 24 less than or similar to (r) mag(-1) arcsec(2) less than or similar to 27 within the effective radius. We show that the UDG population represents the tail of galaxies formed in dwarf-sized haloes with higher-than-average angular momentum. By adopting the standard model of disc formation - in which the size of galaxies is set by the spin of the halo - we recover both the abundance of UDGs as a function of the host cluster mass and the distribution of sizes within the UDG population. According to this model, UDGs are not failed L* galaxies, but genuine dwarfs, and their low SB is not uniquely connected to the harsh cluster environment. We therefore expect a correspondingly abundant population of UDGs in the field, with possibly different morphologies and colours. C1 [Amorisco, N. C.; Loeb, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St,MS-51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Amorisco, N. C.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85740 Garching, Germany. RP Amorisco, NC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St,MS-51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Amorisco, NC (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85740 Garching, Germany. EM nicola.amorisco@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF [AST-1312034] FX This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-1312034 (for AL). NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP L51 EP L55 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slw055 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KN UT WOS:000376388000011 ER PT J AU Ovelar, MD Pinilla, P Min, M Dominik, C Birnstiel, T AF Ovelar, M. de Juan Pinilla, P. Min, M. Dominik, C. Birnstiel, T. TI Constraining turbulence mixing strength in transitional discs with planets using SPHERE and ALMA SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; techniques: high angular resolutions; techniques: interferometric; techniques: polarimetric; planet-disc interactions ID PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; SAO 206462; DUST; EVOLUTION; GAS; GRAINS; IMAGES; GAPS; ECCENTRICITY AB We investigate the effect that the turbulent mixing strength parameter alpha(turb) plays on near-infrared polarimetric and sub-millimetre interferometric imaging observations of transitional discs (TDs) with a gap carved by a planet. We generate synthetic observations of these objects with ALMA and VLT/SPHERE-ZIMPOL by combining hydrodynamical, dust evolution, radiative transfer and instrument models for values of alpha(turb) = [10(-4), 10(-3), 10(-2)]. We find that, through a combination of effects on the viscosity of the gas, the turbulent mixing and dust evolution processes, alpha(turb) strongly affects the morphology of the dust distribution that can be traced with these observations. We constrain the value of alpha(turb) to be within an order of magnitude of 10(-3) in TD sources that show cavities in sub-mm continuum images while featuring continuous distribution of dust or smaller cavities in NIR-polarimetric images. C1 [Ovelar, M. de Juan] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Pinilla, P.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Min, M.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Min, M.; Dominik, C.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Birnstiel, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Ovelar, MD (reprint author), Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. EM m.dejuanovelar@ljmu.ac.uk FU NASA [NNX12AJ04G]; Smithsonian Institution Pell Grant program; Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) FX The authors are thankful to the anonymous referee for a thorough review, and to J. M. D. Kruijssen and G. P. Rosotti for useful comments on the manuscript. TB is supported by the NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX12AJ04G and the Smithsonian Institution Pell Grant program. PP is supported by Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) professor prize to Ewine van Dishoeck. Appendices are available as online only supplementary material. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JUN 11 PY 2016 VL 459 IS 1 BP L85 EP L89 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slw051 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DM5KN UT WOS:000376388000018 ER PT J AU Brown, WR Kilic, M Kenyon, SJ Gianninas, A AF Brown, Warren R. Kilic, Mukremin Kenyon, Scott J. Gianninas, A. TI MOST DOUBLE DEGENERATE LOW-MASS WHITE DWARF BINARIES MERGE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; Galaxy: stellar content; white dwarfs ID AM CVN STARS; R-CORONAE-BOREALIS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; EXTREME HELIUM STARS; M-CIRCLE-DOT; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; SURFACE DETONATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; MILKY-WAY; EVOLUTION AB We estimate the merger rate of double degenerate binaries containing extremely low mass (ELM; < 0.3 M-circle dot) white dwarfs (WDs) in the Galaxy. Such WDs are detectable for timescales of 0.1-1 Gyr in the ELM Survey; the binaries they reside in have gravitational wave merger times of 0.001-100 Gyr. To explain the observed distribution requires that most ELM WD binary progenitors detach from the common envelope phase with < 1 hr orbital periods. We calculate the local space density of ELM WD binaries and estimate a merger rate of 3 x 10(-3) yr(-1) over the entire disk of the Milky Way; the merger rate in the halo is 10 times smaller. The ELM WD binary merger rate exceeds by a factor of 40 the formation rate of stable mass transfer AM CVn binaries, marginally exceeds the rate of underluminous supernovae, and is identical to the formation rate of R CrB stars. On this basis, we conclude that ELM WD binaries can be the progenitors of all observed AM CVn and possibly underluminous supernovae; however, the majority of He+CO WD binaries go through unstable mass transfer and merge, e.g., into single massive similar to 1 M-circle dot WDs. C1 [Brown, Warren R.; Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kilic, Mukremin; Gianninas, A.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, 440 W Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Brown, WR (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM wbrown@cfa.harvard.edu; kilic@ou.edu; skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu; alexg@nhn.ou.edu OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X; Gianninas, Alexandros/0000-0002-8655-4308 FU NSF [AST-1312678]; NASA [NNX14AF65G]; Smithsonian Institution FX This research makes use of the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Service. We thank the referee for a timely and constructive report. This work was supported in part by the Smithsonian Institution. M.K. and A.G. gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF and NASA under grants AST-1312678 and NNX14AF65G, respectively. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 46 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/46 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300046 ER PT J AU Caldwell, N Romanowsky, AJ AF Caldwell, Nelson Romanowsky, Aaron J. TI STAR CLUSTERS IN M31. VII. GLOBAL KINEMATICS AND METALLICITY SUBPOPULATIONS OF THE GLOBULAR CLUSTERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (M31); galaxies: star clusters: general; Local Group ID MILKY-WAY; OUTER HALO; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; ACS PHOTOMETRY; GALACTIC HALO; STELLAR HALO; SYSTEM; GALAXY; SPLASH; DISK AB We carry out a joint spatial-kinematical-metallicity analysis of globular clusters (GCs) around the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), using a homogeneous, high-quality spectroscopic data set. In particular, we remove the contaminating young clusters that have plagued many previous analyses. We find that the clusters can be divided into three major metallicity groups based on their radial distributions: (1) an inner metal-rich group ([Fe/H] > -0.4); (2) a group with intermediate metallicity (with median [Fe/H] = -1); and (3) a metal-poor group, with [Fe/H] < -1.5. The metal-rich group has kinematics and spatial properties like those of the disk of M31, while the two more metal-poor groups show mild prograde rotation overall, with larger dispersions-in contrast to previous claims of stronger rotation. The metal-poor GCs are the least concentrated group; such clusters occur five times less frequently in the central bulge than do clusters of higher metallicity. Despite some well-known differences between the M31 and Milky Way GC systems, our revised analysis points to remarkable similarities in their chemodynamical properties, which could help elucidate the different formation stages of galaxies and their GCs. In particular, the M31 results motivate further exploration of a metal-rich GC formation mode in situ, within high-redshift, clumpy galactic disks. C1 [Caldwell, Nelson] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Romanowsky, Aaron J.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, One Washington Sq, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Romanowsky, Aaron J.] Univ Calif Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Caldwell, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM caldwell@cfa.harvard.edu; aaron.romanowsky@sjsu.edu NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 42 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/42 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300042 ER PT J AU Glidden, A Rose, M Elvis, M McDowell, J AF Glidden, Ana Rose, Marvin Elvis, Martin McDowell, Jonathan TI A MODEL FOR TYPE 2 CORONAL LINE FOREST (CLiF) AGNs SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: Seyfert; quasars: emission lines; quasars: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; BLACK-HOLES; X-RAY; REVERBERATION MEASUREMENTS; ULTRAVIOLET EXCESS; ACCRETION DISKS; INNER RADIUS; DUSTY TORI AB We present a model for the classification of Coronal Line Forest Active Galactic Nuclei (CLiF AGNs). CLiF AGNs are of special interest due to their remarkably large number of emission lines, especially forbidden high-ionization lines (FHILs). Rose et al. suggest that their emission is dominated by reflection from the inner wall of the obscuring region rather than direct emission from the accretion disk. This makes CLiF AGNs laboratories to test AGN-torus models. Modeling an AGN as an accreting supermassive black hole surrounded by a cylinder of dust and gas, we show a relationship between the viewing angle and the revealed area of the inner wall. From the revealed area, we can determine the amount of FHIL emission at various angles. We calculate the strength of [Fe VII]lambda 6087 emission for a number of intermediate angles (30 degrees, 40 degrees, and 50 degrees) and compare the results with the luminosity of the observed emission line from six known CLiF AGNs. We find that there is good agreement between our model and the observational results. The model also enables us to determine the relationship between the type 2: type 1 AGN fraction vs the ratio of torus height to radius, h/r. C1 [Glidden, Ana] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Rose, Marvin; Elvis, Martin; McDowell, Jonathan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rose, Marvin] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. RP Glidden, A (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. OI Elvis, Martin/0000-0001-5060-1398 NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 34 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/34 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300034 ER PT J AU Goad, MR Korista, KT De Rosa, G Kriss, GA Edelson, R Barth, AJ Ferland, GJ Kochanek, CS Netzer, H Peterson, BM Bentz, MC Bisogni, S Crenshaw, DM Denney, KD Ely, J Fausnaugh, MM Grier, CJ Gupta, A Horne, KD Kaastra, J Pancoast, A Pei, L Pogge, RW Skielboe, A Starkey, D Vestergaard, M Zu, Y Anderson, MD Arevalo, P Bazhaw, C Borman, GA Boroson, TA Bottorff, MC Brandt, WN Breeveld, AA Brewer, BJ Cackett, EM Carini, MT Croxall, KV Dalla Bonta, E De Lorenzo-Caceres, A Dietrich, M Efimova, NV Evans, PA Filippenko, AV Flatland, K Gehrels, N Geier, S Gelbord, JM Gonzalez, L Gorjian, V Grupe, D Hall, PB Hicks, S Horenstein, D Hutchison, T Im, M Jensen, JJ Joner, MD Jones, J Kaspi, S Kelly, BC Kennea, JA Kim, M Kim, SC Klimanov, SA Lee, JC Leonard, DC Lira, P MacInnis, F Manne-Nicholas, ER Mathur, S McHardy, IM Montouri, C Musso, R Nazarov, SV Norris, RP Nousek, JA Okhmat, DN Papadakis, I Parks, JR Pott, JU Rafter, SE Rix, HW Saylor, DA Schimoia, JS Schnulle, K Sergeev, SG Siegel, M Spencer, M Sung, HI Teems, KG Treu, T Turner, CS Uttley, P Villforth, C Weiss, Y Woo, JH Yan, H Young, S Zheng, WK AF Goad, M. R. Korista, K. T. De Rosa, G. Kriss, G. A. Edelson, R. Barth, A. J. Ferland, G. J. Kochanek, C. S. Netzer, H. Peterson, B. M. Bentz, M. C. Bisogni, S. Crenshaw, D. M. Denney, K. D. Ely, J. Fausnaugh, M. M. Grier, C. J. Gupta, A. Horne, K. D. Kaastra, J. Pancoast, A. Pei, L. Pogge, R. W. Skielboe, A. Starkey, D. Vestergaard, M. Zu, Y. Anderson, M. D. Arevalo, P. Bazhaw, C. Borman, G. A. Boroson, T. A. Bottorff, M. C. Brandt, W. N. Breeveld, A. A. Brewer, B. J. Cackett, E. M. Carini, M. T. Croxall, K. V. Dalla Bonta, E. De Lorenzo-Caceres, A. Dietrich, M. Efimova, N. V. Evans, P. A. Filippenko, A. V. Flatland, K. Gehrels, N. Geier, S. Gelbord, J. M. Gonzalez, L. Gorjian, V. Grupe, D. Hall, P. B. Hicks, S. Horenstein, D. Hutchison, T. Im, M. Jensen, J. J. Joner, M. D. Jones, J. Kaspi, S. Kelly, B. C. Kennea, J. A. Kim, M. Kim, S. C. Klimanov, S. A. Lee, J. C. Leonard, D. C. Lira, P. MacInnis, F. Manne-Nicholas, E. R. Mathur, S. McHardy, I. M. Montouri, C. Musso, R. Nazarov, S. V. Norris, R. P. Nousek, J. A. Okhmat, D. N. Papadakis, I. Parks, J. R. Pott, J. -U. Rafter, S. E. Rix, H. -W. Saylor, D. A. Schimoia, J. S. Schnuelle, K. Sergeev, S. G. Siegel, M. Spencer, M. Sung, H. -I. Teems, K. G. Treu, T. Turner, C. S. Uttley, P. Villforth, C. Weiss, Y. Woo, J. -H. Yan, H. Young, S. Zheng, W. -K. TI SPACE TELESCOPE AND OPTICAL REVERBERATION MAPPING PROJECT. IV. ANOMALOUS BEHAVIOR OF THE BROAD ULTRAVIOLET EMISSION LINES IN NGC 5548 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (NGC-5548); galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: Seyfert ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; HIGH ACCRETION RATES; SEYFERT 1 GALAXIES; X-RAY; RECOMBINATION LINES; REGION; NGC-5548; MASS; VARIABILITY AB During an intensive Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) UV monitoring campaign of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548 performed from 2014 February to July, the normally highly correlated far UV continuum and broad emission line variations decorrelated for similar to 60-70 days, starting similar to 75 days after the first HST/COS observation. Following this anomalous state, the flux and variability of the broad emission lines returned to a more normal state. This transient behavior, characterized by significant deficits in flux and equivalent width of the strong broad UV emission lines, is the first of its kind to be unambiguously identified in an active galactic nucleus reverberation mapping campaign. The largest corresponding emission line flux deficits occurred for the high ionization, collisionally excited lines C IV and Si IV(+O IV]), and also He II(+O III]), while the anomaly in Ly alpha was substantially smaller. This pattern of behavior indicates a depletion in the flux of photons with E-ph > 54 eV relative to those near 13.6 eV. We suggest two plausible mechanisms for the observed behavior: (i) temporary obscuration of the ionizing continuum incident upon broad line region (BLR) clouds by a moving veil of material lying between the inner accretion disk and inner (BLR), perhaps resulting from an episodic ejection of material from the disk, or (ii) a temporary change in the intrinsic ionizing continuum spectral energy distribution resulting in a deficit of ionizing photons with energies > 54 eV, possibly due to a transient restructuring of the Comptonizing atmosphere above the disk. Current evidence appears to favor the latter explanation. C1 [Goad, M. R.; Evans, P. A.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Korista, K. T.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, 1120 Everett Tower, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [De Rosa, G.; Kochanek, C. S.; Peterson, B. M.; Bisogni, S.; Denney, K. D.; Fausnaugh, M. M.; Gupta, A.; Pogge, R. W.; Croxall, K. V.; Mathur, S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [De Rosa, G.; Kochanek, C. S.; Peterson, B. M.; Denney, K. D.; Pogge, R. W.; Croxall, K. V.; Mathur, S.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, 191 West Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [De Rosa, G.; Kriss, G. A.; Ely, J.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kriss, G. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Edelson, R.; Young, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Barth, A. J.; Pei, L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ferland, G. J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Netzer, H.; Kaspi, S.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Bentz, M. C.; Crenshaw, D. M.; Anderson, M. D.; Bazhaw, C.; Horenstein, D.; Jones, J.; Manne-Nicholas, E. R.; Norris, R. P.; Parks, J. R.; Saylor, D. A.; Teems, K. G.; Turner, C. S.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 25 Pk Pl,Suite 605, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Bisogni, S.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Grier, C. J.; Brandt, W. N.; Kennea, J. A.; Nousek, J. A.; Siegel, M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Eberly Coll Sci, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Grier, C. J.; Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Horne, K. D.; Starkey, D.; De Lorenzo-Caceres, A.; Villforth, C.] Univ St Andrews, SUPA Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Kaastra, J.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kaastra, J.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 80000, NL-3508 Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kaastra, J.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Pancoast, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Skielboe, A.; Vestergaard, M.; Jensen, J. J.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Vestergaard, M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Zu, Y.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Arevalo, P.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Inst Fis & Astron, Gran Bretana N 1111, Valparaiso, Chile. [Borman, G. A.; Nazarov, S. V.; Okhmat, D. N.; Sergeev, S. G.] Crimean Astrophys Observ, P O Nauchny 298409, Crimea, Russia. [Boroson, T. A.] Las Cumbres Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Suite 102, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Bottorff, M. C.; Hutchison, T.; MacInnis, F.; Musso, R.] Southwestern Univ, Dept Phys FJS 149, Fountainwood Observ, 1011 East Univ Ave, Georgetown, TX 78626 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, Davey Lab 104, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Breeveld, A. A.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Brewer, B. J.] Univ Auckland, Dept Stat, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. [Cackett, E. M.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 666 West Hancock St, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Carini, M. T.; Hicks, S.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd 11077, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Dalla Bonta, E.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Dalla Bonta, E.] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Dietrich, M.] Worcester State Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Phys, 486 Chandler St, Worcester, MA 01602 USA. [Efimova, N. V.; Klimanov, S. A.] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Filippenko, A. V.; Zheng, W. -K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Flatland, K.; Gonzalez, L.; Leonard, D. C.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Gehrels, N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Geier, S.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. [Geier, S.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Geier, S.] Gran Telescopio Canarias GRANTECAN, E-38205 San Cristobal La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. [Gelbord, J. M.] Spectral Sci Inc, 4 Fourth Ave, Burlington, MA 01803 USA. [Gelbord, J. M.] Eureka Sci Inc, 2452 Delmer St,Suite 100, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. [Gorjian, V.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 169-327,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Grupe, D.] Morehead State Univ, Ctr Space Sci, 235 Martindale Dr, Morehead, KY 40351 USA. [Hall, P. B.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Im, M.; Woo, J. -H.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Program, Seoul, South Korea. [Joner, M. D.; Spencer, M.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N283 ESC, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Kaspi, S.; Rafter, S. E.; Weiss, Y.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Kelly, B. C.; Treu, T.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kim, M.; Kim, S. C.; Lee, J. C.; Sung, H. -I.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon, South Korea. St Petersburg Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Lira, P.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Camino Observ 1515, Santiago, Chile. [McHardy, I. M.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Montouri, C.] Univ Insubria, DiSAT, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Papadakis, I.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Greece. [Papadakis, I.] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Greece. [Papadakis, I.] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, IESL, GR-71110 Iraklion, Greece. [Pott, J. -U.; Rix, H. -W.; Schnuelle, K.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Rafter, S. E.] Univ Haifa, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Phys, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. [Schimoia, J. S.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Campus Vale, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Treu, T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Uttley, P.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Postbus 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Villforth, C.] Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Yan, H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Goad, MR (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. RI Papadakis, Iossif/C-3235-2011; OI Zu, Ying/0000-0001-6966-6925; Vestergaard, Marianne/0000-0001-9191-9837; Im, Myungshin/0000-0002-8537-6714; Ferland, Gary/0000-0003-4503-6333; Barth, Aaron/0000-0002-3026-0562 FU NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-13330]; NASA [NAS5-26555, NNX13AC26G, NNX13AC63G, NNX13AE99G, NNH13CH61C]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-1008882]; NSF [AST-1412693, AST-1211916, AST-1302093, AST0618209, AST-1009756, AST-1009571, AST-1210311, AST-1412315]; TABASGO Foundation; Christopher R. Redlich Fund; NSF CAREER grant [AST-1253702]; NSERC; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/J001651/1]; Creative Initiative program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRFK) - Korean government (MSIP) [2008-0060544]; NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research; UC Center for Galaxy Evolution; Fondecyt [1120328]; UCSB; CNPq, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brazil); Packard Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation; Danish Council for Independent Research [DFF4002-00275]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korean government [2010-0027910]; HHMI FX Support for HST program number GO-13330 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. M.M.F., G.D.R., B.M.P., C.J.G., and R.W.P. are grateful for the support of the National Science Foundation (NSF) through grant AST-1008882 to The Ohio State University. A.J.B. and L.P. have been supported by NSF grant AST-1412693. A.V.F. and W.-K.Z. are grateful for financial assistance from NSF grant AST-1211916, the TABASGO Foundation, and the Christopher R. Redlich Fund. M.C. Bentz gratefully acknowledges support through NSF CAREER grant AST-1253702 to Georgia State University. M.C. Bottorff acknowledges HHMI for support through an undergraduate science education grant to Southwestern University. K.D.D. is supported by an NSF Fellowship awarded under grant AST-1302093. R.E. gratefully acknowledges support from NASA under awards NNX13AC26G, NNX13AC63G, and NNX13AE99G. J.M.G. gratefully acknowledges support from NASA under award NNH13CH61C. P.B.H. is supported by NSERC. K.D.H. acknowledges support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council through grant ST/J001651/1. M.I. acknowledges support from the Creative Initiative program, No. 2008-0060544, of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRFK) funded by the Korean government (MSIP). M.D.J. acknowledges NSF grant AST0618209. S.R.O.N. is financially supported by NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. B.C.K. is partially supported by the UC Center for Galaxy Evolution. C.S.K. acknowledges the support of NSF grant AST-1009756. D.C.L. acknowledges support from NSF grants AST-1009571 and AST-1210311. P.L. acknowledges support from Fondecyt grant #1120328. A.P. acknowledges support from an NSF graduate fellowship and a UCSB Dean's Fellowship. J.S.S. acknowledges CNPq, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brazil) for partial support and The Ohio State University for warm hospitality. T.T. has been supported by NSF grant AST-1412315. T.T. and B.C.K. acknowledge support from the Packard Foundation in the form of a Packard Research Fellowship to T.T; also, T.T. thanks the American Academy in Rome and the Observatory of Monteporzio Catone for kind hospitality. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. M.V. gratefully acknowledges support from the Danish Council for Independent Research via grant No. DFF4002-00275. J.-H.W. acknowledges support by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (No. 2010-0027910). This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 11 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/11 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300011 ER PT J AU Klishin, AA Chilingarian, I AF Klishin, Andrei A. Chilingarian, Igor TI EXPLAINING THE STELLAR INITIAL MASS FUNCTION WITH THE THEORY OF SPATIAL NETWORKS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: structure; stars: formation; stars: luminosity function; mass function ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; TURBULENT FRAGMENTATION; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; PRESTELLAR CORES; FRACTAL ORIGIN; GENERAL-THEORY; STAR-FORMATION; EVOLUTION AB The distributions of stars and prestellar cores by mass (initial and dense core mass functions, IMF/DCMF) are among the key factors regulating star formation and are the subject of detailed theoretical and observational studies. Results from numerical simulations of star formation qualitatively resemble an observed mass function, a scale-free power law with a sharp decline at low masses. However, most analytic IMF theories critically depend on the empirically chosen input spectrum of mass fluctuations which evolve into dense cores and, subsequently, stars, and on the scaling relation between the amplitude and mass of a fluctuation. Here we propose a new approach exploiting techniques from the field of network science. We represent a system of dense cores accreting gas from the surrounding diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) as a spatial network growing by preferential attachment and assume that the ISM density has a self-similar fractal distribution following the Kolmogorov turbulence theory. We effectively combine gravoturbulent and competitive accretion approaches and predict the accretion rate to be proportional to the dense core mass: dM/dt alpha M. Then we describe the dense core growth and demonstrate that the power-law core mass function emerges independently of the initial distribution of density fluctuations by mass. Our model yields a power law solely defined by the fractal dimensionalities of the ISM and accreting gas. With a proper choice of the low- mass cut-off, it reproduces observations over three decades in mass. We also rule out a low- mass star dominated "bottom-heavy" IMF in a single star-forming region. C1 [Klishin, Andrei A.] MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Klishin, Andrei A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chilingarian, Igor] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS09, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chilingarian, Igor] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, 13 Univ Sky Prospect, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Klishin, AA (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; Klishin, AA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM aklishin@umich.edu; igor.chilingarian@cfa.harvard.edu RI Chilingarian, Igor/N-5117-2016 OI Chilingarian, Igor/0000-0002-7924-3253 FU Telescope Data Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Russian Foundation [15-52-15050, 15-32-21062]; President of Russian Federation [MD-7355.2015.2]; Russian Science Foundation [14-22-00041] FX We are grateful to our anonymous reviewers whose feedback helped us to improve the manuscript. I.C. acknowledges support from the Telescope Data Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. His theoretical and observational IMF studies are supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research projects 15-52-15050 and 15-32-21062, and the President of Russian Federation grant MD-7355.2015.2. The idea of applying network science formalism to the IMF theory was developed by the authors during the annual Chamonix workshop in 2014 supported by the Russian Science Foundation project 14-22-00041. The authors appreciate fruitful discussions with and useful suggestions from J. Silk, P. Hennebelle, G. Mamon, P. Kroupa, S. Mieske, M. Kurtz, I. Zolotukhin, C. Lada, and M. E. J. Newman. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 17 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/17 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300017 ER PT J AU Liu, T Zhang, QZ Kim, KT Wu, YF Lee, CW Goldsmith, PF Li, D Liu, SY Chen, HR Tatematsu, K Wang, K Lee, JE Qin, SL Mardones, D Cho, SH AF Liu, Tie Zhang, Qizhou Kim, Kee-Tae Wu, Yuefang Lee, Chang-Won Goldsmith, Paul F. Li, Di Liu, Sheng-Yuan Chen, Huei-Ru Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Wang, Ke Lee, Jeong-Eun Qin, Sheng-Li Mardones, Diego Cho, Se-Hyung TI DISCOVERY OF AN EXTREMELY WIDE-ANGLE BIPOLAR OUTFLOW IN AFGL 5142 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; stars: formation ID STAR CLUSTER FORMATION; FORMING CORE W3-SE; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; HIGH-VELOCITY; HOT CORE; INFALL; FRAGMENTATION; ACCRETION; FEEDBACK AB Most bipolar outflows are associated with individual young stellar objects and have small opening angles. Here we report the discovery of an extremely wide-angle (similar to 180 degrees) bipolar outflow ("EWBO") in a cluster forming region AFGL 5142 from low-velocity emission of the HCN (3-2) and HCO+ (3-2) lines. This bipolar outflow is along a north-west to south-east direction with a line of sight flow velocity of about 3 km s(-1) and is spatially connected to the high-velocity jet-like outflows. It seems to be a collection of low-velocity material entrained by the high-velocity outflows due to momentum feedback. The total ejected mass and mass loss rate due to both high-velocity jet-like outflows and the "EWBO" are similar to 24.5 M-circle dot and similar to 1.7 x 10(-3)M(circle dot) yr(-1), respectively. Global collapse of the clump is revealed by the " blue profile" in the HCO+ (1-0) line. A hierarchical network of filaments was identified in NH3 (1, 1) emission. Clear velocity gradients of the order of 10 km s(-1) pc(-1) are found along filaments, indicating gas inflow along the filaments. The sum of the accretion rate along filaments and mass infall rate along the line of sight is similar to 3.1 x 10(-3) M-circle dot yr(-1), which exceeds the total mass loss rate, indicating that the central cluster is probably still gaining mass. The central cluster is highly fragmented and 22 condensations are identified in 1.1 mm continuum emission. The fragmentation process seems to be determined by thermal pressure and turbulence. The magnetic field may not play an important role in fragmentation. C1 [Liu, Tie; Kim, Kee-Tae; Lee, Chang-Won; Cho, Se-Hyung] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. [Zhang, Qizhou] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wu, Yuefang] Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Lee, Chang-Won] Univ Sci & Technol, 217 Gajungro, Daejeon 305333, South Korea. [Goldsmith, Paul F.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Li, Di] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, A20 Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Li, Di] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Radio Astron, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Liu, Sheng-Yuan; Chen, Huei-Ru] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Chen, Huei-Ru] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Chen, Huei-Ru] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Tatematsu, Ken'ichi] Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Wang, Ke] European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Lee, Jeong-Eun] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Qin, Sheng-Li] Yunnan Univ, Dept Astron, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. [Qin, Sheng-Li] Key Lab Astroparticle Phys Yunnan Prov, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. [Mardones, Diego] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile. RP Liu, T (reprint author), Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. EM liutiepku@gmail.com OI Wang, Ke/0000-0002-7237-3856; Chen, Huei-Ru/0000-0002-9774-1846; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589; Liu, Sheng-Yuan/0000-0003-4603-7119 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; KASI fellowship; China Ministry of Science and Technology under State Key Development Program for Basic Research [2012CB821800]; NSFC [11373009, 11433008, 11373026, 11433004]; Top Talents Program of Yunnan Province [2015HA030]; ESO fellowship; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology [NRF-2013R1A1A2A10005125]; global research collaboration of Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology (KRCF); Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [NRF-2015R1A2A2A01004769]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the RD program [2015-1-320-18] FX We are grateful to the staff of SMA. The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope is operated by the East Asian Observatory on behalf of The National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, the National Astronomical Observatories of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant No. XDB09000000), with additional funding support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom and participating universities in the United Kingdom and Canada. We are grateful to the staff of KVN. The KVN is a facility operated by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. T.L. is supported by a KASI fellowship. Y.W. is partly supported by the China Ministry of Science and Technology under State Key Development Program for Basic Research (No. 2012CB821800), the grants of NSFC No. 11373009 and No. 11433008. S.-L. Q. is partly supported by NSFC under grant Nos. 11373026, 11433004, by Top Talents Program of Yunnan Province (2015HA030). K.W. acknowledges support from the ESO fellowship. C.W.L. was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (NRF-2013R1A1A2A10005125) and also by the global research collaboration of Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology (KRCF). This work was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, operated for NASA by the California Institute of Technology. J.-E.L. was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF; grant No. NRF-2015R1A2A2A01004769) and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the R&D program (Project No. 2015-1-320-18) supervised by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 31 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/31 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300031 ER PT J AU Ortiz-Leon, GN Johnson, MD Doeleman, SS Blackburn, L Fish, VL Loinard, L Reid, MJ Castillo, E Chael, AA Hernandez-Gomez, A Hughes, DH Leon-Tavares, J Lu, RS Montana, A Narayanan, G Rosenfeld, K Sanchez, D Schloerb, FP Shen, ZQ Shiokawa, H SooHoo, J Vertatschitsch, L AF Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N. Johnson, Michael D. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Blackburn, Lindy Fish, Vincent L. Loinard, Laurent Reid, Mark J. Castillo, Edgar Chael, Andrew A. Hernandez-Gomez, Antonio Hughes, David H. Leon-Tavares, Jonathan Lu, Ru-Sen Montana, Alfredo Narayanan, Gopal Rosenfeld, Katherine Sanchez, David Schloerb, F. Peter Shen, Zhi-qiang Shiokawa, Hotaka SooHoo, Jason Vertatschitsch, Laura TI THE INTRINSIC SHAPE OF SAGITTARIUS A* AT 3.5mm WAVELENGTH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (Sgr A*); Galaxy: center; techniques: interferometric ID SCATTER-BROADENED IMAGE; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; S ACCRETION FLOW; SGR-A; GALACTIC-CENTER; EVENT-HORIZON; MILKY-WAY; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; GRMHD SIMULATIONS; STELLAR ORBITS AB The radio emission from Sgr A* is thought to be powered by accretion onto a supermassive black hole of similar to 4 x 10(6) M-circle dot at the Galactic Center. At millimeter wavelengths, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations can directly resolve the bright innermost accretion region of Sgr A*. Motivated by the addition of many sensitive long baselines in the north-south direction, we developed a full VLBI capability at the Large Millimeter Telescope Alfonso Serrano (LMT). We successfully detected Sgr A* at 3.5 mm with an array consisting of six Very Long Baseline Array telescopes and the LMT. We model the source as an elliptical Gaussian brightness distribution and estimate the scattered size and orientation of the source from closure amplitude and self-calibration analysis, obtaining consistent results between methods and epochs. We then use the known scattering kernel to determine the intrinsic two-dimensional source size at 3.5 mm: (147 +/- 7 mu as) x (120 +/- 12 mu as), at position angle 88 degrees +/- 7 degrees east of north. Finally, we detect non-zero closure phases on some baseline triangles, but we show that these are consistent with being introduced by refractive scattering in the interstellar medium and do not require intrinsic source asymmetry to explain. C1 [Ortiz-Leon, Gisela N.; Loinard, Laurent; Hernandez-Gomez, Antonio] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Johnson, Michael D.; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Blackburn, Lindy; Reid, Mark J.; Chael, Andrew A.; Rosenfeld, Katherine; Shiokawa, Hotaka; Vertatschitsch, Laura] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Fish, Vincent L.; SooHoo, Jason] MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Loinard, Laurent; Lu, Ru-Sen] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Castillo, Edgar; Hughes, David H.; Leon-Tavares, Jonathan; Montana, Alfredo; Sanchez, David] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Apartado Postal 51 & 216, Puebla 72000, Mexico. [Leon-Tavares, Jonathan] Univ Ghent, Sterrenkundig Observ, Krijgslaan 281-S9, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Narayanan, Gopal; Schloerb, F. Peter] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Shen, Zhi-qiang] Shanghai Astron Observ, 80 Nandan Rd, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. RP Ortiz-Leon, GN (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. EM g.ortiz@crya.unam.mx RI Castillo, Edgar/N-6051-2016; OI Loinard, Laurent/0000-0002-5635-3345 FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico; DGAPA, UNAM; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-3561]; US National Science Foundation [AST-1310896, AST-1211539, AST-1337663]; National Science Foundation FX G.N.O-L., L.L., J.L-T., and A.H. acknowledge the financial support of Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Mexico. G.N.O-L., L.L., and A.H. also acknowledge DGAPA, UNAM, for financial support. M.J. and S.D. acknowledge the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for financial support of this work through grant GBMF-3561. This work was supported by US National Science Foundation grants AST-1310896, AST-1211539, and AST-1337663. V.L.F. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge expert assistance from Mark Claussen and Vivek Dhawan in coordinating the joint LMT-VLBA observations. G.N.O-L. is grateful to L.F. Rodriguez for sharing his deconvolution script and for assistance with its use. We thank the Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering Department of Universidad Politecnica de Puebla (UPP) for providing us with the Anritsu synthesizer that served as second local oscillator at the LMT VLBI station. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 40 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/40 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300040 ER PT J AU Pons, E Elvis, M Civano, F Watson, MG AF Pons, E. Elvis, M. Civano, F. Watson, M. G. TI NARROW-LINE X-RAY-SELECTED GALAXIES IN THE CHANDRA-COSMOS FIELD. II. OPTICALLY ELUSIVE X-RAY AGNs SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: Seyfert; X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; SEYFERT 2 GALAXIES; EMISSION-LINE; HOST GALAXIES; HELLAS2XMM SURVEY; EDDINGTON RATIOS; ACCRETION RATE; SERENDIPITOUS SURVEY; SPECTRAL PROPERTIES AB In the Chandra-COSMOS (C-COSMOS) survey, we have looked for X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs), which are not detected as such in the optical, the so-called elusive AGNs. A previous study based on XMM-Newton and Sloan Digital Sky Survey observations has found a sample of 31 X-ray AGNs optically misclassified as star-forming (SF) galaxies at z < 0.4, including 17 elusive Sy2s. Using Chandra observations provides a sample of fainter X-ray sources and so, for a given X-ray luminosity, extends to higher redshifts. To study the elusive Sy2s in the C-COSMOS field, we have removed the NLS1s that contaminate the narrow-line sample. Surprisingly, the contribution of NLS1s is much lower in the C-COSMOS sample (less than 10% of the optically misclassified X-ray AGNs) than in Pons & Watson. The optical misclassification of the X-ray AGNs (L-X > 10(42) erg s(-1)) can be explained by the intrinsic weakness of these AGNs, in addition to, in some cases, optical dilution by the host galaxies. Interestingly, we found the fraction of elusive Sy2s (narrow emission-line objects) optically misclassified as SF galaxies up to z similar to 1.4 to be 10% +/- 3% to 17% +/- 4%, compared to the 6% +/- 1.5% of the Pons & Watson work (up to z similar to 0.4). This result seems to indicate an evolution with redshift of the number of elusive Sy2s. C1 [Pons, E.; Watson, M. G.] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England. [Pons, E.; Elvis, M.; Civano, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Civano, F.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. RP Pons, E (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England.; Pons, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Elvis, Martin/0000-0001-5060-1398 FU NASA Grant [617876]; NASA Chandra grant [GO3-14150C, GO3-14150B]; ESA Member States; NASA FX We thank Hyewon Suh for carrying out the SED fitting necessary for our work. We also thank Moshe Elitzur for his helpful comments. This work was supported in part by NASA Grant 617876 and also by NASA Chandra grant numbers GO3-14150C and GO3-14150B. The scientific results reported in this article are based on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory from NASA and also in part by XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR 51 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/51 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO7BN UT WOS:000377937300051 ER PT J AU Akiyama, K Johnson, MD AF Akiyama, Kazunori Johnson, Michael D. TI INTERSTELLAR SCINTILLATION AND THE RADIO COUNTERPART OF THE FAST RADIO BURST FRB 150418 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (WISE J071634.59-190039.2); galaxies: jets; Galaxy: nucleus; radio continuum: galaxies; radio continuum: ISM; scattering ID BLACK-HOLES; ACCRETION FLOWS; 5 GHZ; SPECTRUM; VARIABILITY; POPULATION; MERGERS; OBJECT; ORIGIN; PLASMA AB Keane et al. have recently reported the discovery of a new fast radio burst (FRB), FRB 150418, with a promising radio counterpart at 5.5 and 7.5 GHz-a rapidly decaying source, falling from 200-300 mu Jy to 100 mu Jy on timescales of similar to 6 days. This transient source may be associated with an elliptical galaxy at redshift z = 0.492, providing the first firm spectroscopic redshift for an FRB and the ability to estimate the density of baryons in the intergalactic medium via the combination of known redshift and radio dispersion of the FRB. An alternative explanation, first suggested by Williams & Berger, is that the identified counterpart may instead be a compact active galactic nucleus (AGN). The putative counterpart's variation may then instead be extrinsic, caused by refractive scintillation in the ionized interstellar medium of the Milky Way, which would invalidate the association with FRB 150418. We examine this latter explanation in detail and show that the reported observations are consistent with scintillating radio emission from the core of a radio-loud AGN having a brightness temperature T-b greater than or similar to 10(9) K. Using numerical simulations of the expected scattering for the line of sight to FRB 150418, we provide example images and light curves of such an AGN at 5.5 and 7.5 GHz. These results can be compared with continued radio monitoring to conclusively determine the importance of scintillation for the observed radio variability, and they show that scintillation is a critical consideration for continued searches for FRB counterparts at radio wavelengths. C1 [Akiyama, Kazunori] MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Akiyama, Kazunori] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mizusawa VLBI Observ, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Johnson, Michael D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Akiyama, K (reprint author), MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA.; Akiyama, K (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mizusawa VLBI Observ, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. EM kazu@haystack.mit.edu FU JSPS; National Science Foundation (NSF); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-3561] FX K.A. is financially supported by JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad and grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). M.D.J. thanks the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for financial support (#GBMF-3561). We also thank Dr. Hiroshi Nagai for helpful discussions on FRB 150418. We thank Dr. Katherine Rosenfeld for writing ScatterBrane, the software used for our scattering simulations (http://krosenfeld.github.io/scatterbrane). NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR L3 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/824/1/L3 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO6OR UT WOS:000377903500003 ER PT J AU Burkhart, B Loeb, A AF Burkhart, Blakesley Loeb, Abraham TI PREDICTED SIZES OF PRESSURE- SUPPORTED HI CLOUDS IN THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE VIRGO CLUSTER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (Virgo); galaxies: evolution; stars: formation ID FAST ALPHA SURVEY; SOURCE CATALOG; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; GALAXY CLUSTERS; SPACE-TELESCOPE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ALFALFA SURVEY; BARYON CONTENT; TRANSITION AB Using data from the ALFALFA AGES Arecibo HI survey of galaxies and the Virgo cluster X-ray pressure profiles from XMM-Newton, we investigate the possibility that starless dark HI clumps, also known as "dark galaxies," are supported by external pressure in the surrounding intercluster medium. We find that the starless HI clump masses, velocity dispersions, and positions allow these clumps to be in pressure equilibrium with the X-ray gas near the virial radius of the Virgo cluster. We predict the sizes of these clumps to range from 1 to 10 kpc, in agreement with the range of sizes found for spatially resolved HI starless clumps outside of Virgo. Based on the predicted HI surface density of the Virgo sources, as well as a sample of other similar resolved ALFALFA HI dark clumps with follow-up optical/radio observations, we predict that most of the HI dark clumps are on the cusp of forming stars. These HI sources therefore mark the transition between starless HI clouds and dwarf galaxies with stars. C1 [Burkhart, Blakesley; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Burkhart, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NASA Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship; NSF [AST-1312034] FX B.B. acknowledges support from the NASA Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship. A.L. was supported in part by NSF grant AST-1312034. The authors thank the anonymous referee, Prof. Andreas Burkert, Prof. Joop Schaye, Dr. Zachary Slepian, and Prof. Rhys Taylor for insightful comments. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 824 IS 1 AR L7 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/824/1/L7 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO6OR UT WOS:000377903500007 ER PT J AU Fuxjager, MJ Schuppe, ER Hoang, J Chew, J Shah, M Schlinger, BA AF Fuxjager, Matthew J. Schuppe, Eric R. Hoang, John Chew, Jennifer Shah, Mital Schlinger, Barney A. TI Expression of 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductase in spinal cord and muscle of birds with different courtship repertoires SO FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hormones; Androgens; Testosterone androgen receptor; Courtship behavior; Elaborate displays; Reproduction; Tropical birds; Manakins; Neuromuscular system; Skeletal muscles ID SEXUALLY DIMORPHIC LARYNX; ELABORATE MALE COURTSHIP; GOLDEN-COLLARED MANAKIN; ZEBRA FINCH; JAPANESE-QUAIL; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE ACTIVITY; REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR; METABOLIZING ENZYMES; ANDROGEN REGULATION AB Background: Through the actions of one or more isoforms of the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase in many male reproductive tissues, circulating testosterone (T) undergoes metabolic conversion into 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which binds to and activates androgen receptors (AR) with greater potency than T. In birds, T is also subject to local inactivation into 5 beta-DHT by the enzyme 5 beta-reductase. Male golden-collared manakins perform an androgen-dependent and physically elaborate courtship display, and these birds express androgen receptors in skeletal muscles and spinal cord at levels far greater than those expressed in species with more limited courtship routines, including male zebra finches. To determine if local T metabolism facilitates or impedes activation of male manakin courtship, we examined expression of two isoforms of 5 alpha-reductase, as well as 5 beta-reductase, in forelimb muscles and spinal cords of males and females of the two aforementioned species. Results: We found that all enzymes were expressed in all tissues, with patterns that partially predict a functional role for 5 alpha-reductase in these birds, especially in both muscle and spinal cord of male manakins. Moreover, we found that 5 beta-reductase was markedly different between species, with far lower levels in golden-collared manakins, compared to zebra finches. Thus, modification to neuromuscular deactivation of T may also play a functional role in adaptive behavioral modulation. Conclusions: Given that such a role for 5 alpha-reductase in androgen-sensitive mammalian skeletal muscle is in dispute, our data suggest that, in birds, local metabolism may play a key role in providing active androgenic substrates to peripheral neuromuscular systems. Similarly, we provide the first evidence that 5 beta-reductase is expressed broadly through an organism and may be an important factor that regulates androgenic modulation of neuromuscular functioning. C1 [Fuxjager, Matthew J.; Schuppe, Eric R.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, 228 Winston Hall, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Fuxjager, Matthew J.] Wake Forest Univ, Ctr Mol Commun & Signaling, 228 Winston Hall, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Hoang, John; Chew, Jennifer; Shah, Mital; Schlinger, Barney A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Integrat Biol & Physiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Schlinger, Barney A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Neuroendocrinol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Schlinger, Barney A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Schlinger, Barney A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Fuxjager, MJ (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, 228 Winston Hall, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.; Fuxjager, MJ (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Ctr Mol Commun & Signaling, 228 Winston Hall, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM mfoxhunter@gmail.com FU NIH [T32 HD007228]; NSF Grant [IOS-0646459] FX NIH Training Grant T32 HD007228 awarded to the Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology at UCLA supported M.J.F. NSF Grant IOS-0646459 (to B.A.S.) supported this work. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-9994 J9 FRONT ZOOL JI Front. Zool. PD JUN 10 PY 2016 VL 13 AR 25 DI 10.1186/s12983-016-0156-y PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DO1ZQ UT WOS:000377579300001 PM 27293470 ER PT J AU Dijkstra, JA Simkanin, C AF Dijkstra, Jennifer A. Simkanin, Christina TI Intraspecific response of colonial ascidians to variable salinity stress in an era of global change SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Intraspecific variation; Phenotypic plasticity; Local adaptation; Salinity; Climate extremes; Ascidians ID LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION; BOCAS-DEL-TORO; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BOTRYLLUS-SCHLOSSERI; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; LOCAL ADAPTATION; MASS MORTALITY; NEURAL GLAND; HEART-RATE; EVOLUTIONARY AB Extreme or seasonal climatic events can lead to abrupt changes in environmental conditions. These events can produce a range of organismal responses that may help to protect local-scale populations against changes in climate. Empirical studies examining intraspecific variation in reproductive and physiological responses to varying durations of environmental stress are rare. We performed laboratory experiments under varying episodic and chronic salinities using the botryllid ascidians, Botrylloides nigrum and Botryllus planus. Our study illustrates intraspecific phenotypic variation to salinity stress. Respectively 40 and 20% of B. nigrum and B. planus colonies exhibited a distinct physical behavior when exposed to low salinity treatments. They distended their cloacal cavities, exposing their pharyngeal baskets and neural glands. Physiological signs of salinity stress included higher mortality, lower heart rates and limited asexual reproduction in both species. The physical and physiological differences among clones and colonies highlight phenotypic variation within and between genotypes to selective environmental pressures in real time. Our results underscore the need to examine physiological responses of species under varying durations of environmental stress. Plastic responses of species to fine-scale environmental change may aid their persistence in a future where extreme climatic events are likely to be more common and acute. C1 [Dijkstra, Jennifer A.] Univ New Hampshire, Sch Marine Sci & Ocean Engn, 46 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Simkanin, Christina] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Dijkstra, JA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Sch Marine Sci & Ocean Engn, 46 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM jdijkstra@ccom.unh.edu FU NSF PASI Fellowship; Smithsonian Tropical Research Fellowship FX We thank R. Collin, P. Gondola, G. Jacome and all of the staff at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Bocas del Toro, R. Rocha for her help with tunicate identification. and F. Brown for his help in deducing reproductive phases of tunicates. We also thank I. Davidson for his comments on a previous draft of the manuscript. Comments from 3 anonymous reviewers and the editor greatly improved the manuscript. This work was funded in part by NSF PASI Fellowships and a Smithsonian Tropical Research Fellowship awarded to J.A.D. and C.S. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 11 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD JUN 9 PY 2016 VL 551 BP 215 EP 225 DI 10.3354/meps11719 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DR3OH UT WOS:000379812000017 ER PT J AU Haynie, ML Tsuchiya, MTN Ospina-Garces, SM Arroyo-Cabrales, J Medellin, RA Olaco, OJP Maldonado, JE AF Haynie, Michelle L. Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N. Milena Ospina-Garces, Sandra Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin Medellin, Rodrigo A. Olaco, Oscar J. P. Maldonado, Jesus E. TI Placement of the rediscovered Myotis planiceps (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) within the Myotis phylogeny SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE cytochrome-b gene; Myotis; Myotis planiceps; Myotis volans; phylogenetics; Recombination Activating Gene 2 ID CYTOCHROME-B SEQUENCES; HAPLOTYPE RECONSTRUCTION; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; RELAXED PHYLOGENETICS; MITOCHONDRIAL GENES; BATS; DNA; DIVERGENCE; DIVERSITY; INFERENCE AB Myotis planiceps (flat-headed myotis) was known from only 3 specimens collected from 3 different sites in the states of Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and Zacatecas, Mexico, since its discovery in 1952. The last specimen was collected in 1970; in 1996, after efforts to recollect samples failed, the species was listed as extinct. However, an expedition in 2004 rediscovered a population of M. planiceps and the species was relisted as endangered. Members of this species have a conspicuously flattened cranium, speculated to be an adaptation for living in crevices; however, little is known about its biology and, to date, little work has been done to clarify its phylogenetic relationships with other members of the genus Myotis. In order to elucidate the placement of M. planiceps within the Myotis phylogeny, we sequenced 1,140 base pairs (bps) of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene (Cytb) and 1,148 bps of the nuclear Recombination Activating Gene 2 (rag2) from 7 samples collected from 4 different localities in north-central Mexico. We found 4 different haplotypes for Cytb that differed by 0.14% mean sequence divergence and 13 alleles for rag2 within samples of M. planiceps. We performed maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses to compare these samples with Myotis sequences available on GenBank. All reconstructions placed M. planiceps within a strongly supported clade including several Nearctic Myotis (M. volans, M. sodalis, M. lucifugus, M. thysanodes, and M. evotis). M. planiceps forms a paraphyletic relationship with M. volans, despite significant differences in skull morphology between the 2 species. C1 [Haynie, Michelle L.; Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.] George Mason Univ, Environm Sci & Policy Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Milena Ospina-Garces, Sandra] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin; Olaco, Oscar J. P.] INAH, Subdirecc Lab & Apoyo Acad, Moneda 16 Col Ctr, Mexico City 06060, DF, Mexico. [Medellin, Rodrigo A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, AP 70-275, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Haynie, Michelle L.] Univ Cent Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Edmond, OK 73034 USA. RP Haynie, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM mhaynie@uco.edu FU Smithsonian Institution-Abbott Restricted Endowment Fund; North American Bat Conservation Partnership; Wildlife Trust; Whitley Fund for Nature; CONACYT; Disney Wildlife Fund FX Funding and support for this project was provided by the Smithsonian Institution-Abbott Restricted Endowment Fund, the North American Bat Conservation Partnership, the Wildlife Trust, the Whitley Fund for Nature, CONACYT, and the Disney Wildlife Fund. Laboratory support was provided by R. Fleischer at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute's Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics. We would like to thank P. Zwiers for help with data analysis, the Museo del Desierto and Instituto Coahuilense de Ecologia for field support, and the field crews in Mexico for help in collecting specimens. Also, we would like to thank the Will Hennig Society, which made the software TNT available for use; C. Lopez-Gonzalez for the samples and photographs of M. volans from CIIDIR Unidad Durango Instituto Politecnico Nacional; R. Baker for the samples of M. volans from The Museum, Texas Tech University; and J. Dines for a skin sample of M. planiceps from the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD JUN 9 PY 2016 VL 97 IS 3 BP 701 EP 712 DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyv216 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DP0BM UT WOS:000378152600003 ER PT J AU Timm, RM Weijola, V Aplin, KP Donnellan, SC Flannery, TF Thomson, V Pine, RH AF Timm, Robert M. Weijola, Valter Aplin, Ken P. Donnellan, Stephen C. Flannery, Tim F. Thomson, Vicki Pine, Ronald H. TI A new species of Rattus (Rodentia: Muridae) from Manus Island, Papua New Guinea SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Admiralty Islands; Australo-Papuan Region; biogeography; Bismarck Archipelago; conservation; mitochondrial control region; molecular phylogeny; morphology; nuclear genes; Rattus sanila ID PHYLOGENIES; MURINAE; GENUS AB We describe a new species of Rattus, from 3 modern specimens collected on Manus Island in the Admiralty Group, Papua New Guinea, between 2002 and 2012. Subfossil specimens of early to late Holocene age from the Pamwak archaeological site on Manus Island are referred to the new species on morphological criteria; these confirm the species as a long-term resident of Manus Island. The new species is distinguished by its combination of large size; short tail; dorsal pelage that is coarse, spiny, and dark, with prominent black guard hairs; and sharply contrasting cream ventral pelage. Based on its overall body form, the species is almost certainly terrestrial. The dentition combines robust incisors with relatively small molars and the cranium displays a distinctive melange of characters-including an elongate and anteriorly expanded rostrum and a mesopterygoid fossa that is narrow anteriorly and broadens to the rear. Sequence data from the mitochondrial control region and 3 nuclear genes place the new species as a highly divergent member of the Australo-Papuan Rattus radiation, with no identified close relative among sampled taxa. Morphological comparisons are made between the new species and other pertinent species of Rattus from the region, including R. sanila, a species known only from Late Pleistocene fossil to Late Holocene subfossil remains from an archaeological site on New Ireland. The conservation status of the new species is discussed in the light of a recent survey that failed to locate surviving populations in 2 areas of natural forest on Manus Island. Further survey work is urgently needed to identify any surviving populations and to assess the role of potential threats to the species. C1 [Timm, Robert M.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Timm, Robert M.] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Weijola, Valter] Univ Turku, Zool Museum, Turku 20014, Finland. [Aplin, Ken P.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Aplin, Ken P.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Goroka, Papua N Guinea. [Donnellan, Stephen C.] Univ Adelaide, S Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Donnellan, Stephen C.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Evolutionary Biol & Biodivers, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Flannery, Tim F.] Climate Council Australia, POB 1267, Potts Point, NSW 2011, Australia. [Thomson, Vicki] Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Pine, Ronald H.] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Timm, RM (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; Timm, RM (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM btimm@ku.edu RI Thomson, Vicki/B-9971-2014 OI Thomson, Vicki/0000-0001-8368-9664 FU Conservation International; Nordenskiold-Samfundet, Svenska Kulturfonden, Svensk-Osterbottniska Samfundet, Turun Yliopistosaatio; Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation; Critical Partnership Ecosystem Fund; ARC [DP0988863] FX The National Research Institute (NRI) and the Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) provided permits for our research in Papua New Guinea. Conservation International provided funding for the initial survey studies on Manus, which were undertaken by A. L. Mack and A. Williams. Weijola's fieldwork was funded in part by grants from Nordenskiold-Samfundet, Svenska Kulturfonden, Svensk-Osterbottniska Samfundet, Turun Yliopistosaatio, and the Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation; and he is most grateful for the assistance, companionship, and hospitality provided by the people of Kawaliap (the Minei, Muteo, and Posakei families in particular) as well as assistance from the local government of Manus. I. Bigilale and B. Iova at the National Museum & Art Gallery, Port Moresby, and B. Wilmot (DEC) aided the export of the holotype to Australia for examination. Aplin's fieldwork on Manus was facilitated by the Wildlife Conservation Society PNG Program and supported by funding from the Critical Partnership Ecosystem Fund; special thanks to N. Whitmore and R. Cuthbert of WCS and to the landowner communities of Peri/Mt. Sabomu and Yeri River. We thank A. Mack, A. Williams, and D. Wright for making specimens available for study, and J. A. Esselstyn, P.-H. Fabre, and K. C. Rowe for critical reviews of earlier drafts of the manuscript. J. Robins, G. Shea, J. M. Taylor, A. Williams, and C. E. Williams provided us with critical information, as did G. G. Musser, who also selected specimens to be sent to us on loan from the AMNH. S. Ingleby (AMS); E. Westwig and R. S. Voss (AMNH); L. M. Garetano, K. Imada, and C. Kishinami (BPBM); L. R. Heaney and the late W. T. Stanley (FMNH); J. Dines (LACM); L. A. Halverson and P. M. Holahan (UWZM); K. M. Helgen (USNM); and D. P. Lunde (AMNH and then USNM) made critical specimens housed in their respective museums freely available to us and/or sent them to us on loan. The molecular genetic work was funded from an ARC Discovery grant (DP0988863) to SCD and KPA. We thank A. Frost, K. Kaunisto, and V. Rinne for their outstanding assistance and expertise with the illustrations. NR 88 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD JUN 9 PY 2016 VL 97 IS 3 BP 861 EP 878 DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw034 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DP0BM UT WOS:000378152600018 ER PT J AU Balaguera-Reina, SA Venegas-Anaya, M Sanchez, A Arbelaez, I Lessios, HA Densmore, LD AF Balaguera-Reina, Sergio A. Venegas-Anaya, Miryam Sanchez, Andres Arbelaez, Italo Lessios, Harilaos A. Densmore, Llewellyn D., III TI Spatial Ecology of the American Crocodile in a Tropical Pacific Island in Central America SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CROCODYLUS-POROSUS; HOME RANGES; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; GROWTH-RATES; ARNHEM-LAND; MOVEMENTS; ACUTUS; PANAMA; RIVER; TRIANGULATION AB Conservation of large predators has long been a challenge for biologists due to the limited information we have about their ecology, generally low numbers in the wild, large home ranges and the continuous expansion of human settlements. The American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) is a typical apex predator, that has suffered from all of these characteristic problems, especially the latter one. Humans have had a major impact on the recovery of this species throughout its range, even though most of the countries it inhabits have banned hunting. The last decade has made it clear that in order to implement sound conservation and management programs, we must increase our understanding of crocodile spatial ecology. However, in only two countries where American crocodiles have telemetry studies even been published. Herein we have characterized the spatial ecology of C. acutus on Coiba Island, Panama, by radio-tracking (VHF transmitters) 24 individuals between 2010 and 2013, to determine movement patterns, home range, and habitat use. We have then compared our findings with those of previous studies to develop the most comprehensive assessment of American crocodile spatial ecology to date. Females showed a higher average movement distance (AMD) than males; similarly, adults showed a higher AMD than sub-adults and juveniles. However, males exhibited larger home ranges than females, and concomitantly sub-adults had larger home ranges than juveniles, hatchlings, and adults. There was an obvious relationship between seasonal precipitation and AMD, with increased AMD in the dry and "low-wet" seasons, and reduced AMD during the "true" wet season. We found disaggregate distributions according to age groups throughout the 9 habitat types in the study area; adults and hatchlings inhabited fewer habitat types than juveniles and sub-adults. These sex-and age-group discrepancies in movement and habitat choice are likely due to the influences of reproductive biology and Coiba's precipitation cycle. Juveniles also showed distinct movement patterns and home ranges; however, with sexual maturation and development, these behaviors became more characteristic of adults and sub-adults. Ours is one of a very small number of studies that will allow future management and conservation planning to be based on the comprehensive integration of the spatial ecology of a Neotropical crocodylian apex predator. C1 [Balaguera-Reina, Sergio A.; Densmore, Llewellyn D., III] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Venegas-Anaya, Miryam; Lessios, Harilaos A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Sanchez, Andres] Univ Quindio, Fac Biol, Armenia, Colombia. [Arbelaez, Italo] Univ Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Fac Biol Marina, Bogota, Colombia. RP Balaguera-Reina, SA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM sergio.balaguera-reina@ttu.edu FU Panamanian Environmental Agency (ANAM); Panamanian National Secretariat of Science, Technology, and Innovation (SENACYT) [APB11-004, PNCOIBA08]; Texas Tech University [10086-01] FX This research project was approved and supported by the Panamanian Environmental Agency (ANAM), the Panamanian National Secretariat of Science, Technology, and Innovation (SENACYT; project number ID APB11-004, permit number PNCOIBA08), and the Texas Tech University (animal care ACUC permit 10086-01) to capture, mark, and tag American crocodiles inside the CNP. All procedures followed ethical practices for animals approved by the Panamanian Environmental Agency and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI). NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 9 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0157152 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157152 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO1TW UT WOS:000377563000096 PM 27280554 ER PT J AU Meyer, JL Rodgers, JM Dillard, BA Paul, VJ Teplitski, M AF Meyer, Julie L. Rodgers, John M. Dillard, Brian A. Paul, Valerie J. Teplitski, Max TI Epimicrobiota Associated with the Decay and Recovery of Orbicella Corals Exhibiting Dark Spot Syndrome SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coral disease; coral microbiome; Dark Spot Disease; Orbicella annularis; Orbicella faveolata; surface mucus layer; Black Band Disease ID DISEASES; COMMUNITIES; PATTERNS; BAND AB Dark Spot Syndrome (DSS) is one of the most common diseases of boulder corals in the Caribbean. It presents as sunken brown lesions in coral tissue, which can spread quickly over coral colonies. With this study, we tested the hypothesis that similar to other coral diseases, DSS is a dysbiosis characterized by global shifts in the coral microbiome. Because Black Band Disease (BBD) was sometimes found following DSS lesions, we also tested the hypothesis that DSS is a precursor of BBD. To track disease initiation and progression 24 coral colonies were tagged. Of them five Orbicella annularis corals and three O. faveolata corals exhibited DSS lesions at tagging. Microbiota of lesions and apparently healthy tissues from DSS-affected corals over the course of 18 months were collected. Final visual assessment showed that five of eight corals incurred substantial tissue loss while two corals remained stable and one appeared to recover from DSS lesions. Illumina sequencing of the V6 region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes demonstrated no significant differences in bacterial community composition associated with healthy tissue or DSS lesions. The epimicrobiomes of both healthy tissue and DSS lesions contained high relative abundances of Operational Taxonomic Units assigned to Halomonas, an unclassified gammaproteobacterial genus, Moritella, an unclassified Rhodobacteraceae genus, Renibacterium, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter. The relative abundance of bacterial taxa was not significantly different between samples when grouped by tissue type (healthy tissue vs. DSS lesion), coral species, collection month, or the overall outcome of DSS-affected corals (substantial tissue loss vs. stable/recovered). Two of the tagged corals with substantial tissue loss also developed BBD during the 18-month sampling period. The bacterial community of the BBD layer was distinct from both healthy tissue and DSS lesions, with high relative abundances of the presumed BBD pathogen Roseofilum reptotaenium and an unclassified Bacteroidales genus, similar to previous results. Roseofilum was detected in all samples from this study, with the highest relative abundance in healthy tissue from DSS-affected corals sampled in August, suggesting that while DSS is not a precursor to BBD, DSS-affected corals are in a weakened state and therefore more susceptible to additional infections. C1 [Meyer, Julie L.; Rodgers, John M.; Dillard, Brian A.; Teplitski, Max] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. [Paul, Valerie J.; Teplitski, Max] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Teplitski, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL USA.; Teplitski, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM maxtep@ufl.edu OI Meyer, Julie/0000-0003-3382-3321 FU Smithsonian George E. Burch Fellowship; L'Oreal Fellowship for Women in Science; Smithsonian Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; NIFA REEport project [FLA-SWS-005474] FX Smithsonian George E. Burch Fellowship (MT), LOreal Fellowship for Women in Science (JM), Smithsonian Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystem Program. NIFA REEport project # FLA-SWS-005474. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 12 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD JUN 7 PY 2016 VL 7 AR 893 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00893 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DN6GQ UT WOS:000377171600001 PM 27375605 ER PT J AU Boivin, NL Zeder, MA Fuller, DQ Crowther, A Larson, G Erlandson, JM Denham, T Petraglia, MD AF Boivin, Nicole L. Zeder, Melinda A. Fuller, Dorian Q. Crowther, Alison Larson, Greger Erlandson, Jon M. Denham, Tim Petraglia, Michael D. TI Ecological consequences of human niche construction: Examining long-term anthropogenic shaping of global species distributions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; extinctions; invasive species; novel ecosystems; Anthropocene ID LATE QUATERNARY EXTINCTIONS; HUMAN IMPACT; PLEISTOCENE AUSTRALIA; ANCIENT DNA; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; MEGAFAUNAL EXTINCTION; HISTORICAL ECOLOGY; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; YERSINIA-PESTIS; CRAWFORD LAKE AB The exhibition of increasingly intensive and complex niche construction behaviors through time is a key feature of human evolution, culminating in the advanced capacity for ecosystem engineering exhibited by Homo sapiens. A crucial outcome of such behaviors has been the dramatic reshaping of the global biosphere, a transformation whose early origins are increasingly apparent from cumulative archaeological and paleoecological datasets. Such data suggest that, by the Late Pleistocene, humans had begun to engage in activities that have led to alterations in the distributions of a vast array of species across most, if not all, taxonomic groups. Changes to biodiversity have included extinctions, extirpations, and shifts in species composition, diversity, and community structure. We outline key examples of these changes, highlighting findings from the study of new datasets, like ancient DNA (aDNA), stable isotopes, and microfossils, as well as the application of new statistical and computational methods to datasets that have accumulated significantly in recent decades. We focus on four major phases that witnessed broad anthropogenic alterations to biodiversity-the Late Pleistocene global human expansion, the Neolithic spread of agriculture, the era of island colonization, and the emergence of early urbanized societies and commercial networks. Archaeological evidence documents millennia of anthropogenic transformations that have created novel ecosystems around the world. This record has implications for ecological and evolutionary research, conservation strategies, and the maintenance of ecosystem services, pointing to a significant need for broader cross-disciplinary engagement between archaeology and the biological and environmental sciences. C1 [Boivin, Nicole L.; Petraglia, Michael D.] Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Oxford OX1 2PG, England. [Boivin, Nicole L.] Max Planck Inst Sci Human Hist, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Zeder, Melinda A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zeder, Melinda A.] Santa Fe Inst, External Fac, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Fuller, Dorian Q.] UCL, Inst Archaeol, Mortimer St, London WC1H 0PY, England. [Crowther, Alison] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Larson, Greger] Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Palaeogen & Bioarchaeol Res Network, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Erlandson, Jon M.] Univ Oregon, Museum Nat & Cultural Hist, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Denham, Tim] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Arts & Social Sci, Sch Archaeol & Anthropol, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Boivin, NL (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Sch Archaeol, Oxford OX1 2PG, England.; Boivin, NL (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Sci Human Hist, D-07743 Jena, Germany. EM boivin@shh.mpg.de FU European Research Council [206148-SEALINKS, 323842-COMPAG, 337574-UNDEAD, 295719-PALAEODESERTS]; Fyssen Foundation (Paris) FX We thank Ardern Hulme-Beaman and Heidi Eager for information regarding Rattus distributions. We thank the Fyssen Foundation (Paris) for supporting the symposium from which this paper emerged and thank the other participants for their stimulating contributions. This paper reflects the output of European Research Council funding to N.L.B. (Grant 206148-SEALINKS), D.Q.F. (Grant 323842-COMPAG), G.L. (Grant 337574-UNDEAD), and M.D.P. (Grant 295719-PALAEODESERTS). NR 148 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 72 U2 104 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 7 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 23 BP 6388 EP 6396 DI 10.1073/pnas.1525200113 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN6BF UT WOS:000377155400030 PM 27274046 ER PT J AU Rick, TC Reeder-Myers, LA Hofman, CA Breitburg, D Lockwood, R Henkes, G Kellogg, L Lowery, D Luckenbach, MW Mann, R Ogburn, MB Southworth, M Wah, J Wesson, J Hines, AH AF Rick, Torben C. Reeder-Myers, Leslie A. Hofman, Courtney A. Breitburg, Denise Lockwood, Rowan Henkes, Gregory Kellogg, Lisa Lowery, Darrin Luckenbach, Mark W. Mann, Roger Ogburn, Matthew B. Southworth, Melissa Wah, John Wesson, James Hines, Anson H. TI Millennial-scale sustainability of the Chesapeake Bay Native American oyster fishery SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE historical baseline; archaeological shellfish; fossil shellfish; marine fisheries; environmental management ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; JAMES RIVER; LATE-HOLOCENE; RESTORATION; CONSERVATION; ESTUARIES; HABITAT; HISTORY; REEF AB Estuaries around the world are in a state of decline following decades or more of overfishing, pollution, and climate change. Oysters (Ostreidae), ecosystem engineers in many estuaries, influence water quality, construct habitat, and provide food for humans and wildlife. In North America's Chesapeake Bay, once-thriving eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) populations have declined dramatically, making their restoration and conservation extremely challenging. Here we present data on oyster size and human harvest from Chesapeake Bay archaeological sites spanning similar to 3,500 y of Native American, colonial, and historical occupation. We compare oysters from archaeological sites with Pleistocene oyster reefs that existed before human harvest, modern oyster reefs, and other records of human oyster harvest from around the world. Native American fisheries were focused on nearshore oysters and were likely harvested at a rate that was sustainable over centuries to millennia, despite changing Holocene climatic conditions and sea-level rise. These data document resilience in oyster populations under long-term Native American harvest, sea-level rise, and climate change; provide context for managing modern oyster fisheries in the Chesapeake Bay and elsewhere around the world; and demonstrate an interdisciplinary approach that can be applied broadly to other fisheries. C1 [Rick, Torben C.; Reeder-Myers, Leslie A.; Hofman, Courtney A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hofman, Courtney A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Anthropol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Breitburg, Denise; Ogburn, Matthew B.; Hines, Anson H.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Lockwood, Rowan] Coll William & Mary, Dept Geol, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Henkes, Gregory] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kellogg, Lisa; Luckenbach, Mark W.; Mann, Roger; Ogburn, Matthew B.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Lowery, Darrin] Chesapeake Watershed Archaeol Resources, Easton, MD 21601 USA. [Wah, John] Matapeake Soil, Shippensburg, PA 17257 USA. [Wesson, James] Virginia Marine Resources Commiss, Newport News, VA 23607 USA. RP Rick, TC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM rickt@si.edu OI Ogburn, Matthew/0000-0001-5417-555X; Hofman, Courtney/0000-0002-6808-3370 FU National Geographic Society [CRE 8960-11]; Smithsonian Institution FX We thank numerous students and colleagues for helping to obtain and measure the oysters presented in our analysis and Krithi Sankaranarayanan for help with statistical analyses. M. Tarnowski (Maryland DNR) provided the modern Maryland data. Our archaeological research was supported by the National Geographic Society (CRE 8960-11) and the Smithsonian Institution. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 15 U2 38 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 7 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 23 BP 6568 EP 6573 DI 10.1073/pnas.1600019113 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN6BF UT WOS:000377155400060 PM 27217572 ER PT J AU Gunasekera, SP Li, Y Ratnayake, R Luo, D Lo, J Reibenspies, JH Xu, ZS Clare-Salzler, MJ Ye, T Paul, VJ Luesch, H AF Gunasekera, Sarath P. Li, Yang Ratnayake, Ranjala Luo, Danmeng Lo, Jeannette Reibenspies, Joseph H. Xu, Zhengshuang Clare-Salzler, Michael J. Ye, Tao Paul, Valerie J. Luesch, Hendrik TI Discovery, Total Synthesis and Key Structural Elements for the Immunosuppressive Activity of Cocosolide, a Symmetrical Glycosylated Macrolide Dimer from Marine Cyanobacteria SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE glycosides; macrolides; marine natural products; structure elucidation; total synthesis ID NATURAL-PRODUCT (-)-CLAVOSOLIDE-A; SPONGE MYRIASTRA-CLAVOSA; LYNGBYA-MAJUSCULA; ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATION; GLYCOSIDES; CYANOLIDE; ACID; (-)-POLYCAVERNOSIDE; METABOLITE; CONVERSION AB A new dimeric macrolide xylopyranoside, cocosolide (1), was isolated from the marine cyanobacterium preliminarily identified as Symploca sp. from Guam. The structure was determined by a combination of NMR spectroscopy, HRMS, X-ray diffraction studies and Mosher's analysis of the base hydrolysis product. Its carbon skeleton closely resembles that of clavosolides A-D isolated from the sponge Myriastra clavosa, for which no bioactivity is known. We performed the first total synthesis of cocosolide (1) along with its [alpha,alpha]-anomer (26) and macrocyclic core (28), thus leading to the confirmation of the structure of natural 1. The convergent synthesis featured Wadsworth-Emmons cyclopropanation, Sakurai annulation, Yamaguchi macrocyclization/dimerization reaction, alpha-selective glycosidation and beta-selective glycosidation. Compounds 1 and 26 potently inhibited IL-2 production in both T-cell receptor dependent and independent manners. Full activity requires the presence of the sugar moiety as well as the intact dimeric structure. Cocosolide also suppressed the proliferation of anti-CD3-stimulated T-cells in a dose-dependent manner. C1 [Gunasekera, Sarath P.; Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Li, Yang; Xu, Zhengshuang; Ye, Tao] Peking Univ, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Sch Chem Biol & Biotechnol, Lab Chem Genom, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China. [Ratnayake, Ranjala; Luo, Danmeng; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Ratnayake, Ranjala; Luo, Danmeng; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, CNPD3, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Lo, Jeannette; Clare-Salzler, Michael J.] Univ Florida, Dept Pathol Immunol & Lab Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Reibenspies, Joseph H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Paul, VJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.; Ye, T (reprint author), Peking Univ, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Sch Chem Biol & Biotechnol, Lab Chem Genom, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.; Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.; Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, CNPD3, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM yet@pkusz.edu.cn; paul@si.edu; luesch@cop.ufl.edu FU NIH, NCI [R01A172310]; Shenzhen Peacock Plan [KQTD2015071714043444] FX This research was supported by the NIH, NCI grant R01A172310, and by Shenzhen Peacock Plan (KQTD2015071714043444). We thank many students and staff of the UOGML for assisting V.J.P. with collecting the sample in Guam over the years. We thank Rana Montaser and Yanxia Liu for initial biological testing. We also thank the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University spectroscopy facility for 600 MHz NMR spectrometer time, UV and melting point measurements, and the Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter Campus, for the use of their polarimeter and infrared spectrometer. This is contribution number 1027 from the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): H.L. is co-founder of Oceanyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., which is negotiating licenses for patents and patent applications related to cyanobacterial metabolites. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 EI 1521-3765 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD JUN 6 PY 2016 VL 22 IS 24 BP 8158 EP 8166 DI 10.1002/chem.201600674 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DS0EY UT WOS:000380269400021 PM 27139508 ER PT J AU Buss, LW Buss, ED Anderson, CP Power, M Zinter, J AF Buss, Leo W. Buss, Evan D. Anderson, Christopher P. Power, Michael Zinter, Joseph TI Control of Hydroid Colony Form by Surface Heterogeneity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PODOCORYNE-CARNEA; HYDRACTINIID HYDROIDS; CELL MOVEMENTS; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION; PHYSIOLOGY; DYNAMICS; FLEXUOSA; STOLONS; BIOLOGY AB The colonial hydroid Podocoryna carnea grows adherent to surfaces progressing along them by a motile stolon tip. We here ask whether the stolon tip grows preferentially within grooves etched in silicon wafers. In a series of pilot experiments, we varied the dimensions of grooves and found that stolons did not utilize grooves with a width: depth of 5: 5 mu m or 10: 10 mu m, occasionally followed grooves 25: 25 mu m in size, and preferentially grew within grooves of a width: depth of 50: 50 mu m and 100: 50 mu m. We then grew colonies in grids, with fixed 50: 50 mu m width: depth channels intersecting at 90 degrees every 950, 700, 450, or 150 mu m. We find that stolons grew within grooves early in colony ontogeny, but remained restricted to them only in the grid pattern with channel intersections every 150 mu m. Finally, we created a grid in the shape of the Yale Y logo, with channels of 50: 50 mu m width: depth and intersections every 100 mu m. The resulting colonies conformed to that of the logo. Our findings demonstrate that stolons respond to surface heterogeneity and that surface etching can be used to fabricate microfluidic circuits comprised of hydroid perisarc. C1 [Buss, Leo W.; Buss, Evan D.; Anderson, Christopher P.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT USA. [Buss, Leo W.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Power, Michael] Yale Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, New Haven, CT USA. [Zinter, Joseph] Yale Univ, Ctr Engn Design & Innovat, New Haven, CT USA. RP Buss, LW (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT USA.; Buss, LW (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM leo.buss@yale.edu NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 3 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 6 AR e0156249 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0156249 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN8ZV UT WOS:000377369700047 PM 27257948 ER PT J AU Khonmee, J Vorawattanatham, N Pinyopummin, A Thitaram, C Somgird, C Punyapornwithaya, V Brown, JL AF Khonmee, Jaruwan Vorawattanatham, Narathip Pinyopummin, Anuchai Thitaram, Chatchote Somgird, Chaleamchat Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak Brown, Janine L. TI Assessment of faecal glucocorticoid metabolite excretion in captive female fishing cats (Prionailurus viverinus) in Thailand SO CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adrenal function; fishing cat; glucocorticoid metabolites; non-invasive hormone monitoring; seasonality ID TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY INDEX; STRESS-INDUCED SUPPRESSION; ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION; ADRENAL ACTIVITY; TESTICULAR STEROIDOGENESIS; ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; NONINVASIVE ASSESSMENT; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; MILK-PRODUCTION; HEAT-STRESS AB There is little information on the endocrinology of fishing cats (Prionailurus viverinus), an endangered species in Southeast Asia, especially that pertaining to adrenal function. This study characterized faecal glucocorticoid metabolites in female fishing cats housed at Chiang Mai Night Safari to investigate seasonal and age relationships in hormone patterns. Faecal samples were collected 3 days/week for 1 year from seven females ranging in age from 4.5 to 9.6 years. A corticosterone enzyme immunoassay was validated for fishing cats by showing increases (similar to 60%) in faecal glucocorticoid immunoactivity above pre-treatment baseline levels within 1-2 days after an adrenocorticotrophic hormone injection. Faecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations were not related to age (P > 0.05), but there was a seasonal effect, with concentrations being higher (P < 0.05) during the winter (1.54 +/- 0.04 mu g/g) and rainy season (1.43 +/- 0.04 mu g/g) compared with the summer (1.22 +/- 0.05 mu g/g). Significant relationships were found between faecal glucocorticoids and rainfall (positive) and day length (negative), but not a temperature-humidity index. This is the first study to assess adrenal steroidogenic activity in female fishing cats, and we found that glucocorticoid metabolite production was influenced by seasonal factors, but not by age. We conclude that weather patterns should be taken into consideration in future studies of glucocorticoid activity in this endangered species, especially those studies aimed at improving captive management to create self-sustaining and healthy populations. C1 [Khonmee, Jaruwan] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci & Vet Publ Hlth, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. [Vorawattanatham, Narathip] Chiang Mai Night Safari, Anim Management Div, Conservat & Res Sect, Vet, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. [Pinyopummin, Anuchai] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Large Anim & Wildlife Clin Sci, Kamphaeng Saen 10900, Thailand. [Thitaram, Chatchote; Somgird, Chaleamchat] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Compan Anim & Wildlife Clin, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. [Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Vet Med, Excellent Ctr Vet Publ Hlth, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. [Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Khonmee, J (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci & Vet Publ Hlth, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. EM jaruwan.khonmee@cmu.ac.th FU Chiang Mai University [R000012700] FX This work was supported by Chiang Mai University Junior Research Fellowship Program (grant number R000012700). NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2051-1434 J9 CONSERV PHYSIOL JI Conserv. Physiol. PD JUN 2 PY 2016 VL 4 AR cow021 DI 10.1093/conphys/cow021 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Physiology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physiology GA DO2TT UT WOS:000377633700001 PM 27293767 ER PT J AU Nadeau, NJ Pardo-Diaz, C Whibley, A Supple, MA Saenko, SV Wallbank, RWR Wu, GC Maroja, L Ferguson, L Hanly, JJ Hines, H Salazar, C Merrill, RM Dowling, AJ Ffrench-Constant, RH Llaurens, V Joron, M McMillan, WO Jiggins, CD AF Nadeau, Nicola J. Pardo-Diaz, Carolina Whibley, Annabel Supple, Megan A. Saenko, Suzanne V. Wallbank, Richard W. R. Wu, Grace C. Maroja, Luana Ferguson, Laura Hanly, Joseph J. Hines, Heather Salazar, Camilo Merrill, Richard M. Dowling, Andrea J. Ffrench-Constant, Richard H. Llaurens, Violaine Joron, Mathieu McMillan, W. Owen Jiggins, Chris D. TI The gene cortex controls mimicry and crypsis in butterflies and moths SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID HELICONIUS-BUTTERFLIES; RNA-SEQ; MIMETIC BUTTERFLIES; GENOMIC SEQUENCE; WARNING-COLOR; HYBRID ZONES; EVOLUTION; DROSOPHILA; MELPOMENE; QUANTIFICATION AB The wing patterns of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) are diverse and striking examples of evolutionary diversification by natural selection(1,2). Lepidopteran wing colour patterns are a key innovation, consisting of arrays of coloured scales. We still lack a general understanding of how these patterns are controlled and whether this control shows any commonality across the 160,000 moth and 17,000 butterfly species. Here, we use fine-scale mapping with population genomics and gene expression analyses to identify a gene, cortex, that regulates pattern switches in multiple species across the mimetic radiation in Heliconius butterflies. cortex belongs to a fast-evolving subfamily of the otherwise highly conserved fizzy family of cell-cycle regulators(3), suggesting that it probably regulates pigmentation patterning by regulating scale cell development. In parallel with findings in the peppered moth (Biston betularia)(4), our results suggest that this mechanism is common within Lepidoptera and that cortex has become a major target for natural selection acting on colour and pattern variation in this group of insects. C1 [Nadeau, Nicola J.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Nadeau, Nicola J.; Supple, Megan A.; Wallbank, Richard W. R.; Hanly, Joseph J.; Merrill, Richard M.; McMillan, W. Owen; Jiggins, Chris D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-00153, Panama City, Panama. [Pardo-Diaz, Carolina; Salazar, Camilo] Univ Rosario, Fac Nat Sci & Math, Biol Program, Cra 24 63C-69, Bogota 111221, Colombia. [Whibley, Annabel; Saenko, Suzanne V.; Llaurens, Violaine; Joron, Mathieu] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Inst Systemat Evolut & Biodivers,UMR 7205, CNRS,MNHN,EPHE, CP50,57 Rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris, France. [Whibley, Annabel] John Innes Ctr, Cell & Dev Biol, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Supple, Megan A.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, 134 Linnaeus Way, Acton0, ACT 2601, Australia. [Wallbank, Richard W. R.; Hanly, Joseph J.; Merrill, Richard M.; Jiggins, Chris D.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Wu, Grace C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy & Resources Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Maroja, Luana] Williams Coll, Dept Biol, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA. [Ferguson, Laura] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Hines, Heather] Penn State Univ, 517 Mueller, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dowling, Andrea J.; Ffrench-Constant, Richard H.] Univ Exeter Cornwall, Sch Biosci, Penryn TR10 9FE, Cornwall, England. [Joron, Mathieu] Univ Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, CEFE,UMR 5175,EPHE, 1919 Route Mende, F-34293 Montpellier, France. RP Nadeau, NJ (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.; Nadeau, NJ; Jiggins, CD (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-00153, Panama City, Panama.; Jiggins, CD (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. EM n.nadeau@sheffield.ac.uk; c.jiggins@zoo.cam.ac.uk RI Nadeau, Nicola/E-1149-2011; Jiggins, Chris/B-9960-2008; Salazar, camilo/A-1647-2010; Pardo-Diaz, Carolina/C-7936-2016; OI Nadeau, Nicola/0000-0002-9319-921X; Jiggins, Chris/0000-0002-7809-062X; Salazar, camilo/0000-0001-9217-6588; Wu, Grace C./0000-0002-8290-119X; Pardo-Diaz, Carolina/0000-0002-7259-1183; Dowling, Andrea/0000-0003-0818-6092 FU Leverhulme Trust [RPG-2014-167]; BBSRC [H01439X/1]; ERC (SpeciationGenetics) [339873]; NERC [MGF 280, NE/K008498/1]; NSF [DEB 1257689, IOS 1052541]; ERC [StG-243179]; French National Agency for Research (ANR) [ANR-12-JSV7-0005, ANR-13-JSV7-0003-01] FX We thank C. Saski for assembly of the H. erato BACs; M. Abanto and A. Tapia for assistance with raising butterflies; M. Chouteau, J. Morris and K. Dasmahapatra for providing larvae for in situ hybridizations; A. Morrison, R. Tetley, S. Carl and H. Wegener for assistance with laboratory work; S. Baxter for the H. melpomene fosmid libraries; and the governments of Colombia, Ecuador, Panama and Peru for permission to collect butterflies. This work was funded by a Leverhulme Trust award (RPG-2014-167), BBSRC (H01439X/1), ERC (SpeciationGenetics 339873), and NERC small project (MGF 280) grants to C. D. J., NSF grants (DEB 1257689, IOS 1052541) to W. O. M., an ERC starting grant (StG-243179) to M. J. and French National Agency for Research (ANR) grants to M. J. (ANR-12-JSV7-0005) and V. L. (ANR-13-JSV7-0003-01). N. J. N. is funded by a NERC fellowship (NE/K008498/1). NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 47 U2 84 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 2 PY 2016 VL 534 IS 7605 BP 106 EP + DI 10.1038/nature17961 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN3LB UT WOS:000376962300043 PM 27251285 ER PT J AU Sanchez, GM Erlandson, J Culleton, BJ Kennett, DJ Rick, TC AF Sanchez, Gabriel M. Erlandson, Jonm Culleton, Brendan J. Kennett, Douglas J. Rick, Torben C. TI HIGH-RESOLUTION AMS C-14 DATES FOR THE PAR-TEE SITE (35CLT20) AND PREHISTORIC WHALE HUNTING ON THE OREGON COAST SO RADIOCARBON LA English DT Article DE aboriginal whale hunting; Pacific Northwest Coast; Oregon archaeology ID RADIOCARBON AGE CALIBRATION; SOUTHERN NORTHWEST COAST; HUMPBACK WHALES; RESERVOIR AGES; OLD-WOOD; BONE; CONTINUITY; CALIFORNIA; PACIFIC; WATER AB Evidence for aboriginal whale hunting, long thought to be a practice limited to Northwest Coast tribes in northern Washington and British Columbia's Vancouver Island, was previously reported at the Par-Tee site on the Oregon coast between about cal AD 620 and 990. An age estimate for a humpback whale phalanx with an embedded elk bone harpoon point was based on radiocarbon dates on charcoal not directly associated with the whale bone. We present high-resolution accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) C-14 dates for purified bone collagen extracted directly from the whale phalanx and embedded harpoon point. A calibrated date for the harpoon point places the whale hunting event between about cal AD 430 and 550. The apparent C-14 age of the whale bone is estimated to be 220 +/- 37 C-14 yr older than the marine model age at that time, consistent with values from the eastern Pacific. These new dates suggest that whale hunting took place on the Oregon coast as much as 200-500 yr earlier than previously reported and more than a millennium before historic contact in the region. Our research highlights the significance of museum collections and high-resolution AMS C-14 dating for addressing a variety of issues related to ancient archaeological sites and cultures. C1 [Sanchez, Gabriel M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Anthropol, 232 Kroeber Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Erlandson, Jonm] Univ Oregon, Dept Anthropol, Museum Nat & Cultural Hist, 1680 E 15th Ave, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Culleton, Brendan J.; Kennett, Douglas J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, 409 Carpenter Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Rick, Torben C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Sanchez, GM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Anthropol, 232 Kroeber Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM gabriels@berkeley.edu FU University of Oregon, Department of Anthropology; NSF Archaeometry Program [BCS-1460369] FX The authors thank the University of Oregon, Department of Anthropology for supporting this project via grant funds, and the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), especially James Krakker, Teresa Hsu, and Hannah Wellman for their assistance with accessing the collections and for acquiring the samples used in this study. Faunal remains and artifacts from the Par-Tee site are housed at the NMNH, where they are available for further study. Funding to DJK and BJK for chronological work and general lab support from the NSF Archaeometry Program (BCS-1460369). Finally, we are grateful to the anonymous reviewers and the editors of Radiocarbon for constructive feedback and guidance that helped improve this paper. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV ARIZONA DEPT GEOSCIENCES PI TUCSON PA RADIOCARBON 4717 E FORT LOWELL RD, TUCSON, AZ 85712 USA SN 0033-8222 EI 1945-5755 J9 RADIOCARBON JI Radiocarbon PD JUN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 2 BP 397 EP 405 DI 10.1017/RDC.2016.10 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EE8KW UT WOS:000389875300012 ER PT J AU Lyons, SK Miller, JH Fraser, D Smith, FA Boyer, A Lindsey, E Mychajliw, AM AF Lyons, S. Kathleen Miller, Joshua H. Fraser, Danielle Smith, Felisa A. Boyer, Alison Lindsey, Emily Mychajliw, Alexis M. TI The changing role of mammal life histories in Late Quaternary extinction vulnerability on continents and islands SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE megafauna; extinctions; mammals; life history; body size; human impacts ID BODY-SIZE; SPECIES-LEVEL; AMERICA AB Understanding extinction drivers in a human-dominated world is necessary to preserve biodiversity. We provide an overview of Quaternary extinctions and compare mammalian extinction events on continents and islands after human arrival in system-specific prehistoric and historic contexts. We highlight the role of body size and life-history traits in these extinctions. We find a significant size-bias except for extinctions on small islands in historic times. Using phylogenetic regression and classification trees, we find that while life-history traits are poor predictors of historic extinctions, those associated with difficulty in responding quickly to perturbations, such as small litter size, are good predictors of prehistoric extinctions. Our results are consistent with the idea that prehistoric and historic extinctions form a single continuing event with the same likely primary driver, humans, but the diversity of impacts and affected faunas is much greater in historic extinctions. C1 [Lyons, S. Kathleen; Fraser, Danielle] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Miller, Joshua H.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Smith, Felisa A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Boyer, Alison] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA. [Lindsey, Emily] Univ Calif Berkeley, UC Museum Paleontol, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mychajliw, Alexis M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94035 USA. RP Lyons, SK (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM lyonss2@si.edu FU NMNH Programme grant; NSF-DEB [1257625] FX Support was provided by an NMNH Programme grant to the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Programme and NSF-DEB 1257625. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 AR 20160342 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0342 PG 7 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA EA6EF UT WOS:000386717900025 ER PT J AU Campbell, BA AF Campbell, Bruce A. TI Planetary Geology with Imaging Radar: Insights from Earth-based Lunar Studies, 2001-2015 SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE Moon; planets and satellites: surfaces ID REGOLITH PROPERTIES; 70-CM WAVELENGTH; SOUTH-POLE; MOON; SURFACE; CRATER; DEPOSITS; VENUS; ICE; ARECIBO AB Radar exploration of the Solar System changed dramatically during and beyond the period of the Magellan mission to Venus. These changes included an expansion of the community familiar with microwave data, and the forging of a strong connection with polarimetric scattering models developed through terrestrial field measurements and airborne radar studies. During the period, advances in computing power and imaging techniques also allowed Earth-based radar experiments to acquire data at the highest spatial resolutions permitted by their transmitter systems. This paper traces these developments through a case study of lunar observations over the past 15 years, and their implications for ongoing and future Solar System radar studies. C1 [Campbell, Bruce A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, MRC 315,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Campbell, BA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, MRC 315,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. FU NASA; NASA [NNX12AF24G] FX A detailed review by an anonymous referee greatly helped to improve the manuscript. The work presented here was sponsored in part by grants from the NASA Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Observations, Planetary Geology and Geophysics, Planetary Mission Data Analysis, and LASER Programs. The author thanks the staff of the Arecibo Observatory and the Green Bank Telescope for their invaluable assistance in collecting the radar images presented here. The Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative agreement with the NSF (AST-1100968), and in alliance with Ana G. Mndez-Universidad Metropolitana and the Universities Space Research Association. The Arecibo Planetary Radar Program is supported by NASA under Grant No. NNX12AF24G issued through the Near Earth Object Observations Program. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the NSF operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Thanks also to John Chandler of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and Jon Giorgini of the Jet Propulsion Lab for providing ephemerides in support of the observations, and to the colleagues who have assisted in collecting the radar data (D. Campbell, L. Carter, R. Ghent, F. Ghigo, J. L. Margot, G. Morgan, M. Nolan, T. Thompson, and J. Whitten). This paper is dedicated to the late Dr. B. Ray Hawke, a great friend and colleague who always encouraged the acquisition of new data and did much to make radar an integral part of lunar geologic studies. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD JUN PY 2016 VL 128 IS 964 AR 062001 DI 10.1088/1538-3873/128/964/062001 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EB1KP UT WOS:000387110500001 ER EF