FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Vergidis, P Hamer, DH Meydani, SN Dallal, GE Barlam, TF AF Vergidis, Paschalis Hamer, Davidson H. Meydani, Simin N. Dallal, Gerard E. Barlam, Tamar F. TI Patterns of Antimicrobial Use for Respiratory Tract Infections in Older Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial use; respiratory tract infections; long-term care facilities ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; APPROPRIATE ANTIBIOTIC USE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PRINCIPLES; MANAGEMENT; PNEUMONIA; ADULTS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; RHINOVIRUS; PREVENTION AB OBJECTIVES: To describe patterns of antimicrobial use for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs). DESIGN: Data from a prospective, randomized, controlled study of the effect of vitamin E supplementation on RTIs conducted from April 1998 through August 2001 were analyzed. SETTING: Thirty-three LTCFs in the greater Boston area. PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred seventeen subjects aged 65 and older residing in LTCFs. MEASUREMENTS: RTIs, categorized as acute bronchitis, pneumonia, common cold, influenza-like illness, pharyngitis, and sinusitis, were studied for appropriateness of antimicrobial use, type of antibiotics used, and factors associated with their use. For cases in which drug treatment was administered, antibiotic use was rated as appropriate (when an effective drug was used), inappropriate (when a more-effective drug was indicated), or unjustified (when use of any antimicrobial was not indicated). RESULTS: Of 752 documented episodes of RTI, overall treatment was appropriate in 79% of episodes, inappropriate in 2%, and unjustified in 19%. For acute bronchitis, treatment was appropriate in 35% and unjustified in 65% of cases. For pneumonia, treatment was appropriate in 87% of episodes. Of the most commonly used antimicrobials, macrolide use was unjustified in 43% of cases. No statistically significant differences in the patterns of antibiotic use were observed when stratified according to age, sex, race, or comorbid conditions, including diabetes mellitus, dementia, and chronic kidney disease. CONCLUSION: Antimicrobials were unjustifiably used for one-fifth of RTIs and more than two-thirds of cases of acute bronchitis, suggesting a need for programs to improve antibiotic prescribing at LTCFs. J Am Geriatr Soc 59:1093-1098, 2011. C1 [Vergidis, Paschalis; Hamer, Davidson H.; Barlam, Tamar F.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.; Meydani, Simin N.; Dallal, Gerard E.] Tufts Univ, Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.; Meydani, Simin N.; Dallal, Gerard E.] Tufts Univ, Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA USA. [Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA USA. RP Barlam, TF (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, 1 Boston Med Ctr Pl,Dowling 3 N, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM tbarlam@bu.edu OI Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495; Barlam, Tamar/0000-0002-0511-7641 FU National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health [1R01-AG13975]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-9-001] FX The editor in chief has reviewed the conflict of interest checklist provided by the authors and has determined that the authors have no financial or any other kind of personal conflicts with this paper. This work was supported by National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Grant 1R01-AG13975 and U.S. Department of Agriculture Agreement 58-1950-9-001. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1093 EP 1098 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03406.x PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 781ZZ UT WOS:000291978300017 PM 21539527 ER PT J AU Tabachnick, WJ Harvey, WR Becnel, JJ Clark, GG Connelly, CR Day, JF Linser, PJ Linthicum, KJ AF Tabachnick, Walter J. Harvey, William R. Becnel, James J. Clark, Gary G. Connelly, C. Roxanne Day, Jonathan F. Linser, Paul J. Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI COUNTERING A BIOTERRORIST INTRODUCTION OF PATHOGEN-INFECTED MOSQUITOES THROUGH MOSQUITO CONTROL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Bioterrorism; arboterrorism; vector-borne pathogens; mosquito control AB The release of infected mosquitoes or other arthropods by bioterrorists, i.e., arboterrorism, to cause disease and terror is a threat to the USA. A workshop to assess mosquito control response capabilities to mount rapid and effective responses to eliminate an arboterrorism attack provided recommendations to improve capabilities in the USA. It is essential that mosquito control professionals receive training in possible responses, and it is recommended that a Council for Emergency Mosquito Control be established in each state to coordinate training, state resources, and actions for use throughout the state. C1 [Tabachnick, Walter J.; Connelly, C. Roxanne; Day, Jonathan F.] Univ Florida IFAS, Florida Med Entomol Lab, Vero Beach, FL USA. [Harvey, William R.; Linser, Paul J.] Univ Florida, Whitney Lab, Mosquito Biol Grp, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Becnel, James J.; Clark, Gary G.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Tabachnick, WJ (reprint author), Univ Florida IFAS, Florida Med Entomol Lab, 200 9th St SE, Vero Beach, FL USA. FU University of Florida's Emerging Pathogens Institute; Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory; Whitney Mosquito Biology Group; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Office of Technology and Transfer and Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology FX The authors thank the workshop participants for development of these recommendations. A full list of workshop participants can be found at http://fmel.ifas.ufl.edu/. The authors thank Thomas Breaud, Doug Carlson, Joseph Conlon, Kellie Etherson, Steven Dwinell, Wayne Gale, Daniel Kline, Dennis Moore, Shelly Redovan, Eric Schreiber, Chelsea Smartt, and Jeffrey Stivers for facilitating, recording, and reporting discussions that were the basis of this paper. Support for the Workshop was provided by the University of Florida's Emerging Pathogens Institute, the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, the Whitney Mosquito Biology Group, and the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Office of Technology and Transfer and Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology. Former Governor Bob Graham was instrumental in the convening of the workshop at the Bob Graham Center for Public Service on the University of Florida campus in Gainesville, FL. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 BP 165 EP 167 DI 10.2987/10-6084.1 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 973FH UT WOS:000306343700015 PM 21805853 ER PT J AU Ahmed, SA Chun, SK Miller, RB Chong, SH Kim, AJ AF Ahmed, Sheikh Ali Chun, Su Kyoung Miller, Regis B. Chong, Song Ho Kim, Ae Ju TI Liquid penetration in different cells of two hardwood species SO JOURNAL OF WOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Moisture content; Water uptake; Permeability; Penetration speed; Anatomical characteristics ID ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS; PRESERVATIVE TREATMENT; PRECOMPRESSED WOOD; MOISTURE-CONTENT; FLUID-FLOW; PERMEABILITY; IMPREGNATION; PITS; GREEN AB Two experimental techniques were used to test the water permeability of two Korean hardwood species: diffuse porous Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee (eunsasi poplar) and ring porous white oak, Quercus serrata Thunb (konara oak). The first technique measured the void volume filled at different moisture content (MC) levels. Samples were treated with water via a schedule of full-cell impregnation. A significant relation between MC and permeability (the fractional void volume) was found. A reduction in liquid permeability was observed at MC above the fiber saturation point (FSP), whereas the opposite result was observed at MC below FSP due to the effect of the voids available in the wood. However, the differences of increased permeability from MC level 20% to 0% were found satistically the same in either wood species. The second technique measured the speed of liquid penetration in vessels, fibers, and rays with no application of external pressure. In this method, liquid flow was captured via video and the penetration speed was measured. Vessels, fibers, and rays in poplar were found to be more permeable than those in oak. Different anatomical factors such as cell diameter, cell length, pit number, pit aperture area, and thickness of the pit membrane seemed to be responsible for the variation of liquid flow rate in different cells of the two hardwood species. C1 [Ahmed, Sheikh Ali; Chun, Su Kyoung] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Forest Biomat Engn, Coll Forest & Environm Sci, Gangwon Do 200701, Chuncheon, South Korea. [Miller, Regis B.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Ctr Wood Anat Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Chong, Song Ho] Korea Forest Res Inst, Dept Forest Resources Utilizat, Seoul 130712, South Korea. RP Chun, SK (reprint author), Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Forest Biomat Engn, Coll Forest & Environm Sci, Gangwon Do 200701, Chuncheon, South Korea. EM chun@kangwon.ac.kr FU Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute; Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea FX This study was supported by the Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute and Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 35 PU SPRINGER TOKYO PI TOKYO PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 1435-0211 J9 J WOOD SCI JI J. Wood Sci. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 57 IS 3 BP 179 EP 188 DI 10.1007/s10086-010-1168-4 PG 10 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 779SN UT WOS:000291802000002 ER PT J AU Leary, R AF Leary, Rolfe TI Appropriate to the People SO MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 [Leary, Rolfe] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Biosci Engn, Louvain, Belgium. [Leary, Rolfe] USDA, Forest Serv Res, Washington, DC USA. [Leary, Rolfe] US Peace Corps, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Leary, Rolfe] Compatible Technol Int, St Paul, MN USA. RP Leary, R (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Biosci Engn, Louvain, Belgium. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0025-6501 J9 MECH ENG JI Mech. Eng. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 133 IS 6 BP 38 EP 43 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 981QV UT WOS:000306985400022 ER PT J AU Hemavathi Upadhyaya, CP Akula, N Kim, HS Jeon, JH Ho, OM Chun, SC Kim, DH Park, SW AF Hemavathi Upadhyaya, Chandrama Prakash Akula, Nookaraju Kim, Hyun Soon Jeon, Jae Heung Ho, Oh Man Chun, Se Chul Kim, Doo Hwan Park, Se Won TI Biochemical analysis of enhanced tolerance in transgenic potato plants overexpressing D-galacturonic acid reductase gene in response to various abiotic stresses SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Abiotic stresses; Antioxidant; Acorbate; Redox state; Transgenic potato tubers ID DEFICIENT ARABIDOPSIS MUTANT; ASCORBATE-GLUTATHIONE CYCLE; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REACTIVE OXYGEN; XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE; OVER-EXPRESSION; OZONE TOLERANCE; ACTIVE OXYGEN; CHLOROPLASTS AB Upregulation of the antioxidant enzyme system in plants provides protection against various abiotic stresses. Transgenic potato plants overexpressing the strawberry D-galacturonic acid reductase (GalUR) gene with enhanced accumulation of ascorbate (AsA) were used to study the antioxidant system involving the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in order to understand the tolerance mechanism in plants in response to various abiotic stresses under in vitro conditions. Transgenic potato tubers subjected to various abiotic stresses induced by methyl viologen, sodium chloride and zinc chloride showed enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.1.1.1.6) and enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.8.1.7), as well as increased levels of ascorbate, glutathione (GSH) and proline when compared to untransformed tubers. The increased enzyme activities correlated with the mRNA transcript levels in the stressed transgenic tubers. Significant differences in redox status of AsA and GSH were also observed in stressed transgenic potato tubers that showed increased tolerance to abiotic stresses compared to untransformed tubers. This study suggests that the increased accumulation of AsA could upregulate the antioxidant system which imparts improved tolerance against various abiotic stresses in transgenic tubers compared to untransformed tubers. C1 [Hemavathi; Upadhyaya, Chandrama Prakash; Akula, Nookaraju; Chun, Se Chul; Kim, Doo Hwan; Park, Se Won] Konkuk Univ, Dept Mol Biotechnol, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Hyun Soon; Jeon, Jae Heung] Korean Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Taejon, South Korea. [Ho, Oh Man] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Upadhyaya, CP (reprint author), Konkuk Univ, Dept Mol Biotechnol, Seoul, South Korea. EM prakash1@konkuk.ac.kr; sewpark@konkuk.ac.kr RI akula, nookaraju/C-2389-2013 OI akula, nookaraju/0000-0002-5588-1592 FU Konkuk University FX This research was supported by Konkuk University research fund. The research fellowship from Konkuk University to Hemavathi as research fellow is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Mayank A. Gururani and Shashank K. Pandey for experimental assistance and proofreading of the manuscript. NR 68 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 28 IS 1 BP 105 EP 115 DI 10.1007/s11032-010-9465-6 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 785GD UT WOS:000292214500008 ER PT J AU Petroski, RJ Vermillion, K Cosse, AA AF Petroski, Richard J. Vermillion, Karl Cosse, Allard A. TI Two-Carbon Homologation of Aldehydes and Ketones to alpha,beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE aldehyde homologation; ketone to aldehyde homologation; diethyl methylformylphosphonate dimethylhydrazone; diethyl ethylformyl-2-phosphonate dimethylhydrazone ID PHOSPHONATE CARBANIONS; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; OLEFIN SYNTHESIS; ROUTE AB Phosphonate reagents were developed for the two-carbon homologation of aldehydes or ketones to unbranched- or methyl-branched alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes. The phosphonate reagents, diethyl methylformyl-2-phosphonate dimethylhydrazone and diethyl ethylformyl-2-phosphonate dimethylhydrazone, contained a protected aldehyde group instead of the usual ester group. A homologation cycle entailed condensation of the reagent with the starting aldehyde, followed by removal of the dimethylhydrazone protective group with a biphasic mixture of 1 M HCl and petroleum ether. This robust two-step process worked with a variety of aldehydes and ketones. Overall isolated yields of unsaturated aldehyde products ranged from 71% to 86% after the condensation and deprotection steps. C1 [Petroski, Richard J.; Cosse, Allard A.] ARS, Unit Crop Bioprotect Res, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vermillion, Karl] ARS, Unit Funct Food Res, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cosse, AA (reprint author), ARS, Unit Crop Bioprotect Res, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Allard.Cosse@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD JUN PY 2011 VL 16 IS 6 BP 5062 EP 5078 DI 10.3390/molecules16065062 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 782SW UT WOS:000292032700056 PM 21694671 ER PT J AU Marti, A Ordovas, J AF Marti, Amelia Ordovas, Jose TI Epigenetics Lights Up the Obesity Field SO OBESITY FACTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID DNA METHYLATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOUSE MODELS; ADIPOSE; DISEASE C1 [Marti, Amelia] Univ Navarra, Sch Pharm, Dept Food Sci Nutr Physiol & Toxicol, Navarra 31001, Spain. [Marti, Amelia; Ordovas, Jose] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol Atherothrombosis & Imaging, Madrid, Spain. RP Marti, A (reprint author), Univ Navarra, Sch Pharm, Dept Food Sci Nutr Physiol & Toxicol, Irunlarrea 1, Navarra 31001, Spain. EM amarti@unav.es OI Marti, Amelia/0000-0001-9832-7981 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL054776, HL-54776, U01 HL072524, U01 HL72524]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK075030, R01 DK075030] NR 27 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-4025 J9 OBESITY FACTS JI Obes. Facts PD JUN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 3 BP 187 EP 190 DI 10.1159/000329847 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 782WA UT WOS:000292042200001 PM 21701233 ER PT J AU Monfared, MM Simon, MK Meister, RJ Roig-Villanova, I Kooiker, M Colombo, L Fletcher, JC Gasser, CS AF Monfared, Mona M. Simon, Marissa K. Meister, Robert J. Roig-Villanova, Irma Kooiker, Maarten Colombo, Lucia Fletcher, Jennifer C. Gasser, Charles S. TI Overlapping and antagonistic activities of BASIC PENTACYSTEINE genes affect a range of developmental processes in Arabidopsis SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE transcription factor; barley B recombinant; BASIC PENTACYSTEINE; Arabidopsis; development; GAGA-binding factor ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; OVULE DEVELOPMENT; DNA-BINDING; GAGA FACTOR; THALIANA; PROTEIN; MUTANTS; FAMILY; ROLES; PIPSQUEAK AB The BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (BPC) proteins are a plant-specific transcription factor family that is present throughout land plants. The Arabidopsis BPC proteins have been categorized into three classes based on sequence similarity, and we demonstrate that there is functional overlap between classes. Single gene mutations produce no visible phenotypic effects, and severe morphological phenotypes occur only in higher order mutants between members of classes I and II, with the most severe phenotype observed in bpc1-1 bpc2 bpc4 bpc6 plants. These quadruple mutants are dwarfed and display small curled leaves, aberrant ovules, altered epidermal cells and reduced numbers of lateral roots. Affected processes include coordinated growth of cell layers, cell shape determination and timing of senescence. Disruption of BPC3 function rescues some aspects of the bpc1-1 bpc2 bpc4 bpc6 phenotype, indicating that BPC3 function may be antagonistic to other members of the family. Ethylene response is diminished in bpc1-1 bpc2 bpc4 bpc6 plants, although not all aspects of the phenotype can be explained by reduced ethylene sensitivity. Our data indicate that the BPC transcription factor family is integral for a wide range of processes that support normal growth and development. C1 [Monfared, Mona M.; Simon, Marissa K.; Meister, Robert J.; Gasser, Charles S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Monfared, Mona M.; Fletcher, Jennifer C.] USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Roig-Villanova, Irma; Kooiker, Maarten; Colombo, Lucia] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Biol, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Fletcher, Jennifer C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Gasser, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM csgasser@ucdavis.edu RI ROIG VILLANOVA, IRMA/K-3865-2014; OI ROIG VILLANOVA, IRMA/0000-0001-9124-0429; Gasser, Charles/0000-0001-5735-8175 FU US National Science Foundation [MCB-0517104, IOS-0920618]; ERA [RBER062B5L]; USDA; USDA-ARS FX We thank members of the Gasser, Callis and Fletcher labs for helpful discussions, Magnolia Bostick for her critical reading of the manuscript, Jonathan Gilkerson for advice and assistance with hormone and etiolated seedling experiments, Ines Latorre for in situ hybridizations, and Corey Arnold, Clifford Joseph Harris and Dwayne Michael Carter for advice. This work was supported by grants from the US National Science Foundation (MCB-0517104, IOS-0920618) to CSG, ERA-PG 2005 (RBER062B5L) to LC, USDA Current Research Information System to JCF and a USDA-ARS Postdoctoral Research Associate Program fellowship to MMM. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 66 IS 6 BP 1020 EP 1031 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04562.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 783SI UT WOS:000292103900009 PM 21435046 ER PT J AU Goodwin, SB Ben M'Barek, S Dhillon, B Wittenberg, AHJ Crane, CF Hane, JK Foster, AJ Van der Lee, TAJ Grimwood, J Aerts, A Antoniw, J Bailey, A Bluhm, B Bowler, J Bristow, J van der Burgt, A Canto-Canche, B Churchill, ACL Conde-Ferraez, L Cools, HJ Coutinho, PM Csukai, M Dehal, P De Wit, P Donzelli, B van de Geest, HC Van Ham, RCHJ Hammond-Kosack, KE Henrissat, B Kilian, A Kobayashi, AK Koopmann, E Kourmpetis, Y Kuzniar, A Lindquist, E Lombard, V Maliepaard, C Martins, N Mehrabi, R Nap, JPH Ponomarenko, A Rudd, JJ Salamov, A Schmutz, J Schouten, HJ Shapiro, H Stergiopoulos, I Torriani, SFF Tu, H de Vries, RP Waalwijk, C Ware, SB Wiebenga, A Zwiers, LH Oliver, RP Grigoriev, IV Kema, GHJ AF Goodwin, Stephen B. Ben M'Barek, Sarrah Dhillon, Braham Wittenberg, Alexander H. J. Crane, Charles F. Hane, James K. Foster, Andrew J. Van der Lee, Theo A. J. Grimwood, Jane Aerts, Andrea Antoniw, John Bailey, Andy Bluhm, Burt Bowler, Judith Bristow, Jim van der Burgt, Ate Canto-Canche, Blondy Churchill, Alice C. L. Conde-Ferraez, Laura Cools, Hans J. Coutinho, Pedro M. Csukai, Michael Dehal, Paramvir De Wit, Pierre Donzelli, Bruno van de Geest, Henri C. van Ham, Roeland C. H. J. Hammond-Kosack, Kim E. Henrissat, Bernard Kilian, Andrzej Kobayashi, Adilson K. Koopmann, Edda Kourmpetis, Yiannis Kuzniar, Arnold Lindquist, Erika Lombard, Vincent Maliepaard, Chris Martins, Natalia Mehrabi, Rahim Nap, Jan P. H. Ponomarenko, Alisa Rudd, Jason J. Salamov, Asaf Schmutz, Jeremy Schouten, Henk J. Shapiro, Harris Stergiopoulos, Ioannis Torriani, Stefano F. F. Tu, Hank de Vries, Ronald P. Waalwijk, Cees Ware, Sarah B. Wiebenga, Ad Zwiers, Lute-Harm Oliver, Richard P. Grigoriev, Igor V. Kema, Gert H. J. TI Finished Genome of the Fungal Wheat Pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola Reveals Dispensome Structure, Chromosome Plasticity, and Stealth Pathogenesis SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; B-CHROMOSOMES; GENE; HOST; ORGANIZATION; ANNOTATION; RESISTANCE; NEUROSPORA; EXPRESSION; SYMBIOSIS AB The plant-pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola (asexual stage: Septoria tritici) causes septoria tritici blotch, a disease that greatly reduces the yield and quality of wheat. This disease is economically important in most wheat-growing areas worldwide and threatens global food production. Control of the disease has been hampered by a limited understanding of the genetic and biochemical bases of pathogenicity, including mechanisms of infection and of resistance in the host. Unlike most other plant pathogens, M. graminicola has a long latent period during which it evades host defenses. Although this type of stealth pathogenicity occurs commonly in Mycosphaerella and other Dothideomycetes, the largest class of plant-pathogenic fungi, its genetic basis is not known. To address this problem, the genome of M. graminicola was sequenced completely. The finished genome contains 21 chromosomes, eight of which could be lost with no visible effect on the fungus and thus are dispensable. This eight-chromosome dispensome is dynamic in field and progeny isolates, is different from the core genome in gene and repeat content, and appears to have originated by ancient horizontal transfer from an unknown donor. Synteny plots of the M. graminicola chromosomes versus those of the only other sequenced Dothideomycete, Stagonospora nodorum, revealed conservation of gene content but not order or orientation, suggesting a high rate of intra-chromosomal rearrangement in one or both species. This observed "mesosynteny'' is very different from synteny seen between other organisms. A surprising feature of the M. graminicola genome compared to other sequenced plant pathogens was that it contained very few genes for enzymes that break down plant cell walls, which was more similar to endophytes than to pathogens. The stealth pathogenesis of M. graminicola probably involves degradation of proteins rather than carbohydrates to evade host defenses during the biotrophic stage of infection and may have evolved from endophytic ancestors. C1 [Goodwin, Stephen B.; Crane, Charles F.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ben M'Barek, Sarrah; Wittenberg, Alexander H. J.; Van der Lee, Theo A. J.; van der Burgt, Ate; van de Geest, Henri C.; van Ham, Roeland C. H. J.; Nap, Jan P. H.; Schouten, Henk J.; Waalwijk, Cees; Ware, Sarah B.; Kema, Gert H. J.] Plant Res Int BV, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Dhillon, Braham; Ponomarenko, Alisa] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hane, James K.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Biomed Sci, Perth, WA, Australia. [Foster, Andrew J.] IBWF eV, Inst Biotechnol & Drug Res, Kaiserslautern, Germany. [Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. [Grimwood, Jane; Aerts, Andrea; Bristow, Jim; Dehal, Paramvir; Lindquist, Erika; Salamov, Asaf; Schmutz, Jeremy; Shapiro, Harris; Tu, Hank; Grigoriev, Igor V.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Antoniw, John; Cools, Hans J.; Hammond-Kosack, Kim E.; Rudd, Jason J.] Rothamsted Res, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Harpenden, Herts, England. [Bailey, Andy] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Bluhm, Burt] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Bowler, Judith; Csukai, Michael] Syngenta, Jealotts Hill Res Ctr, Bracknell, Berks, England. [Canto-Canche, Blondy; Conde-Ferraez, Laura] CICY, AC, Unidad Biotecnol, Merida, Venezuela. [Churchill, Alice C. L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Coutinho, Pedro M.; Henrissat, Bernard; Lombard, Vincent] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, AFMB UMR 7257, F-13288 Marseille, France. [De Wit, Pierre; Kourmpetis, Yiannis; Kuzniar, Arnold; Maliepaard, Chris; Stergiopoulos, Ioannis] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Donzelli, Bruno] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kilian, Andrzej] Divers Arrays Technol Pty Ltd, Yarralumla, Australia. [Kobayashi, Adilson K.] Embrapa Meio Norte, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. [Koopmann, Edda] Bayer CropSci AG, Monheim, Germany. [Martins, Natalia] Embrapa Cenargen, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Mehrabi, Rahim] Seed & Plant Improvement Inst, Dept Genet, Karaj, Iran. [Torriani, Stefano F. F.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Integrat Biol, Zurich, Switzerland. [de Vries, Ronald P.; Wiebenga, Ad; Zwiers, Lute-Harm] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Oliver, Richard P.] Curtin Univ, Bentley, WA, Australia. RP Goodwin, SB (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Steve.Goodwin@ARS.USDA.gov; IVGrigoriev@lbl.gov; gert.kema@wur.nl RI de Vries, Ronald/F-8125-2011; Stergiopoulos, Ioannis/N-5430-2014; Maliepaard, Chris/G-6041-2015; Mehrabi, Rahim/S-1800-2016; Henrissat, Bernard/J-2475-2012; Hane, James/A-7062-2011; de Wit, Pierre/A-1998-2013; Cools, Hans/B-5134-2008; vanderlee, Theo/J-7296-2013; OI de Vries, Ronald/0000-0002-4363-1123; Mehrabi, Rahim/0000-0002-5098-9123; Kuzniar, Arnold/0000-0003-1711-7961; Goodwin, Stephen/0000-0001-5708-9729; Hane, James/0000-0002-7651-0977; de Wit, Pierre/0000-0002-4208-288X; Cools, Hans/0000-0003-2932-7130; Bailey, Andy/0000-0002-7594-3703 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; USDA CRIS [3602-22000-013-00D, 3602-22000-015-00D] FX The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Supported in part by USDA CRIS projects 3602-22000-013-00D and 3602-22000-015-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 164 Z9 168 U1 7 U2 84 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7390 EI 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 7 IS 6 AR e1002070 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002070 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 787OJ UT WOS:000292386300008 PM 21695235 ER PT J AU Nelson, MI Lemey, P Tan, Y Vincent, A Lam, TTY Detmer, S Viboud, C Suchard, MA Rambaut, A Holmes, EC Gramer, M AF Nelson, Martha I. Lemey, Philippe Tan, Yi Vincent, Amy Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk Detmer, Susan Viboud, Cecile Suchard, Marc A. Rambaut, Andrew Holmes, Edward C. Gramer, Marie TI Spatial Dynamics of Human-Origin H1 Influenza A Virus in North American Swine SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; PIGS; REASSORTMENT; PHYLOGENY; EMERGENCE; EVOLUTION; ACCURATE; MODELS; CANADA AB The emergence and rapid global spread of the swine-origin H1N1/09 pandemic influenza A virus in humans underscores the importance of swine populations as reservoirs for genetically diverse influenza viruses with the potential to infect humans. However, despite their significance for animal and human health, relatively little is known about the phylogeography of swine influenza viruses in the United States. This study utilizes an expansive data set of hemagglutinin (HA1) sequences (n = 1516) from swine influenza viruses collected in North America during the period 2003-2010. With these data we investigate the spatial dissemination of a novel influenza virus of the H1 subtype that was introduced into the North American swine population via two separate human-to-swine transmission events around 2003. Bayesian phylogeographic analysis reveals that the spatial dissemination of this influenza virus in the US swine population follows long-distance swine movements from the Southern US to the Midwest, a corn-rich commercial center that imports millions of swine annually. Hence, multiple genetically diverse influenza viruses are introduced and co-circulate in the Midwest, providing the opportunity for genomic reassortment. Overall, the Midwest serves primarily as an ecological sink for swine influenza in the US, with sources of virus genetic diversity instead located in the Southeast (mainly North Carolina) and South-central (mainly Oklahoma) regions. Understanding the importance of long-distance pig transportation in the evolution and spatial dissemination of the influenza virus in swine may inform future strategies for the surveillance and control of influenza, and perhaps other swine pathogens. C1 [Nelson, Martha I.; Tan, Yi; Viboud, Cecile; Rambaut, Andrew; Holmes, Edward C.] NIH, Div Int Epidemiol & Populat Studies, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lemey, Philippe] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Louvain, Belgium. [Vincent, Amy] USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk; Holmes, Edward C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Detmer, Susan; Gramer, Marie] Univ Minnesota, Vet Diagnost Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Suchard, Marc A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Suchard, Marc A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Suchard, Marc A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Rambaut, Andrew] Univ Edinburgh, Ashworth Labs, Inst Evolutionary Biol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Nelson, MI (reprint author), NIH, Div Int Epidemiol & Populat Studies, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nelsonma@mail.nih.gov RI Lam, Tommy Tsan-Yuk/D-4837-2012; Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016; OI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863; Rambaut, Andrew/0000-0003-4337-3707; Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552 FU European Research Council under the European Community [260864]; NIH [R01 GM080533, R01 GM086887]; NSF [DMS 0856099]; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent), NSF [EF-0423641] FX The research leading to these results has received funding in part from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement no. 260864; NIH grant R01 GM080533; NSF grant DMS 0856099; NIH grant R01 GM086887; and the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent), NSF EF-0423641. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 7 IS 6 AR e1002077 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002077 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 787MC UT WOS:000292379600015 PM 21695237 ER PT J AU Jeon, HY Tian, LF Zhu, HP AF Jeon, Hong Y. Tian, Lei F. Zhu, Heping TI Robust Crop and Weed Segmentation under Uncontrolled Outdoor Illumination SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE field crop; machine vision; outdoor illumination; weed identification ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORK; MACHINE VISION; CONTROL-SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION; ALGORITHM; WHEAT AB An image processing algorithm for detecting individual weeds was developed and evaluated. Weed detection processes included were normalized excessive green conversion, statistical threshold value estimation, adaptive image segmentation, median filter, morphological feature calculation and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The developed algorithm was validated for its ability to identify and detect weeds and crop plants under uncontrolled outdoor illuminations. A machine vision implementing field robot captured field images under outdoor illuminations and the image processing algorithm automatically processed them without manual adjustment. The errors of the algorithm, when processing 666 field images, ranged from 2.1 to 2.9%. The ANN correctly detected 72.6% of crop plants from the identified plants, and considered the rest as weeds. However, the ANN identification rates for crop plants were improved up to 95.1% by addressing the error sources in the algorithm. The developed weed detection and image processing algorithm provides a novel method to identify plants against soil background under the uncontrolled outdoor illuminations, and to differentiate weeds from crop plants. Thus, the proposed new machine vision and processing algorithm may be useful for outdoor applications including plant specific direct applications (PSDA). C1 [Jeon, Hong Y.; Zhu, Heping] ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Tian, Lei F.] Univ Illinois, Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Jeon, HY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM hongyoung.jeon@ars.usda.gov; lei-tian@illinois.edu; heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 23 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD JUN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 6 BP 6270 EP 6283 DI 10.3390/s110606270 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 782RB UT WOS:000292026400044 PM 22163954 ER PT J AU Czapka, SJ Kilgo, JC AF Czapka, Stephen J. Kilgo, John C. TI Importance of Carolina Bays to the Avifauna of Pinelands in the Southeastern United States SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID ISOLATED WETLANDS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL-PLAIN; PIEDMONT; BIRDS AB Past anthropogenic activity has led to the destruction or alteration of Carolina bay wetlands throughout the southeastern United States. Presently, urban development, combined with a 2001 ruling by the US Supreme Court relaxing protection of isolated wetlands, poses an increasing threat to these and other isolated wetland systems; however, little information exists on the importance of these wetland systems to birds. We compared breeding and wintering bird communities of upland pine (Pinus spp.) forests with and without Carolina bays. Estimated species richness was greater in pine forests with Carolina bays than without during the winter (31.7 +/- 1.3 [mean +/- SE] vs. 26.9 +/- 1.2; P = 0.027), but not in the breeding season (27.9 +/- 2.2 vs. 26.3 +/- 2.2; P = 0.644). Total relative abundance did not differ between pine forests with Carolina bays and those without in either the breeding (148.0 +/- 16.0 vs. 129.4 +/- 10.4 birds/40 ha; P = 0.675) or winter (253.0 +/- 36.4 vs. 148.8 +/- 15.1 birds/40 ha; P = 0.100) seasons. However, 23 species, 43% of which were wetland-dependent, were observed only in pine forests with bays during the breeding season, and 20 species, 30% of which were wetland-dependent, were observed only in such sites during winter. In contrast, only 6 and 1 species were observed only in pine forests without bays during the breeding and winter seasons, respectively, indicating that few species were negatively affected by the presence of bays. Thus, Carolina bays appear to enrich the avifauna of pine forests in the southeastern United States. C1 [Czapka, Stephen J.; Kilgo, John C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. RP Czapka, SJ (reprint author), Ecol & Environm Inc, 348 Southport Circle,Suite 100, Virginia Beach, VA 23452 USA. EM sczapka@ene.com FU US Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the US Forest Service-Savannah River [DE-AI09-00SR22188]; US Forest Service Southern Research Station FX This research was funded by the US Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the US Forest Service-Savannah River under Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI09-00SR22188 and by the US Forest Service Southern Research Station. We thank P.J. Champlin for assistance with data collection. A. Brinton, R. K. Kolka, and D.W. Imm assisted with site selection, and C.D. Barton, J.I. Blake, and E. Olson assisted with logistics. H. Li, S.M. Lohr, T.J. Underwood, and M. Vukovich provided helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 10 IS 2 BP 321 EP 332 DI 10.1656/058.010.0211 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976SS UT WOS:000306605700011 ER PT J AU O'Keefe, JM LaVoie, M AF O'Keefe, Joy M. LaVoie, Michael TI Maternity Colony of Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibii) in a Historic Building SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB We report a maternity colony of the rare bat, Myotis leibii (Eastern Small-footed Myotis), in a high-elevation cabin in western North Carolina. Because Eastern Small-footed Myotis maternity colonies may typically roost in rock crevices, they are difficult to observe and are not well documented. This cabin provides a variety of roost locations (e.g., shutters, attic, boarded windows) for bats in a stable structure in a densely forested landscape. C1 [O'Keefe, Joy M.] Clemson Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29803 USA. [LaVoie, Michael] Eastern Band Cherokee Indians, Cherokee, NC 28719 USA. RP O'Keefe, JM (reprint author), Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, 600 Chesnut St, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. EM joyokeefe@gmail.com NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 10 IS 2 BP 381 EP 383 DI 10.1656/058.010.0219 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976SS UT WOS:000306605700019 ER PT J AU Liu, PW Que, YX Pan, YB AF Liu, Pingwu Que, Youxiong Pan, Yong-Bao TI Highly Polymorphic Microsatellite DNA Markers for Sugarcane Germplasm Evaluation and Variety Identity Testing SO SUGAR TECH LA English DT Article DE Saccharum; Capillary electrophoresis (CE); PCR; Polymorphism information content (PIC); SSR AB The objective of this study was to evaluate 152 sugarcane microsatellite (simple sequence repeats, SSRs) markers originally developed in India for their transferability to germplasm being used by sugarcane breeders in the U.S. The commercial sugarcane cultivar, LCP 85-384, was used for the initial screening of the SSR markers because it is a parent in many of the most recently released cultivars. Ten wild clones representing five related Saccharum species were also used in a follow-up screen, namely, S. officinarum, S. spontaneum, S. robustum, S. sinense, and S. barberi. Of 152 SSR markers tested, 110 (70%) primed the amplification of PCR products from the genomic DNA of LCP 85-384, of which 39 were derived from genomic sequences and 71 were derived from expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Twenty-three SSR markers that amplified relatively higher yields of PCR products migrating as a single intensely stained band were chosen for further evaluation on the 10 wild clones using a capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based genotyping platform and fluorescently-labeled primers. Sizes of amplified DNA fragments were accurately computed against GS500 DNA size standards. A total of 200 DNA fragments (alleles) were scored, of which 199 fragments were polymorphic, averaging 8.7 polymorphic alleles per marker, with sizes ranging from 100 to 505 bp. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of these 23 SSR markers varied from 0.42 to 0.90. It is anticipated that many of the SSR markers evaluated in this study can be used by the Louisiana sugarcane breeders to differentiate varieties and their cross progeny as well as to develop DNA maps for traits (characteristics) of interest in the hopes of developing trait-specific markers. It is also expected that the results reported in this paper can be a good reference for sugarcane breeders in other countries where Indian sugarcane germplasm are routinely utilized in their genetic improvement programs. C1 [Liu, Pingwu; Pan, Yong-Bao] ARS, Sugarcane Res Lab, USDA, MSA, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Liu, Pingwu] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Ctr Rapeseed Improvement Wuhan, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Que, Youxiong] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Sugarcane Genet Improvement, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China. RP Pan, YB (reprint author), ARS, Sugarcane Res Lab, USDA, MSA, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM yongbao.pan@ars.usda.gov OI Que, Youxiong/0000-0003-1111-5834 FU American Sugar Cane League of the USA, Inc., Thibodaux, Louisiana, USA FX Fluorescence-labeled PCR amplification and CE-based fragment analyses were conducted by Sheron Simpson at the USDA-ARS, MSA Genomics Lab directed by Brian Scheffler. This study was funded in part by the grower/processor check-off funds administrated by the American Sugar Cane League of the USA, Inc., Thibodaux, Louisiana, USA. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER INDIA PI NEW DELHI PA 7TH FLOOR, VIJAYA BUILDING, 17, BARAKHAMBA ROAD, NEW DELHI, 110 001, INDIA SN 0972-1525 J9 SUGAR TECH JI Sugar Tech. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 2 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1007/s12355-011-0077-1 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA V30KY UT WOS:000208816100005 ER PT J AU Sun, JJ Yao, M Xu, BG Bel, P AF Sun, Jingjing Yao, Ming Xu, Bugao Bel, Patricia TI Fabric wrinkle characterization and classification using modified wavelet coefficients and support-vector-machine classifiers SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Fabric wrinkling; objective evaluation; support-vector-machine classification; wavelet transform ID OBJECTIVE EVALUATION; SMOOTHNESS APPEARANCE AB In this paper we present a novel wrinkle evaluation method that uses modified wavelet coefficients and optimized support-vector-machine (SVM) classifications to characterize and classify the wrinkling appearance of fabric. Fabric images were decomposed with the wavelet transform, and five parameters were defined, based on the modified wavelet coefficients, to describe wrinkling features, such as orientation, hardness, density, and contrast. These parameters were also used as the inputs of optimized SVM classifiers to obtain overall wrinkle grading in accordance with the standard American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists smoothness appearance (SA) replicas. The SVM classifiers, based on a linear kernel and a radial-basis-function kernel, were used in the study. The effectiveness of this evaluation method was tested by 300 images of five selected fabrics that had different fiber contents, weave structures, colors, and laundering cycles. The cross-validation tests on the SA classifications indicated that the SA grades of more than 75% of these diversified samples could be recognized correctly. The extracted wrinkle parameters provided useful information for textile, appliance, and detergent manufactures to inspect wrinkling behaviors of fabrics. C1 [Sun, Jingjing; Yao, Ming; Xu, Bugao] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bel, Patricia] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. RP Xu, BG (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, 1 Univ Stn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM bxu@mail.utexas.edu NR 20 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 81 IS 9 BP 902 EP 913 DI 10.1177/0040517510391702 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 784OR UT WOS:000292167100004 ER PT J AU Jiang, TB Zhou, BR Luo, M Abbas, HK Kemerait, R Lee, RD Scully, BT Guo, BZ AF Jiang, Tingbo Zhou, Boru Luo, Meng Abbas, Hamed K. Kemerait, Robert Lee, Robert Dewey Scully, Brian T. Guo, Baozhu TI Expression Analysis of Stress-Related Genes in Kernels of Different Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines with Different Resistance to Aflatoxin Contamination SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE resistance genes; gene expression; qPCR; aflatoxin contamination ID SALT STRESS; CORN; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; PLANTS; ACCUMULATION; INHERITANCE; TEX6; PCR; ROT AB This research examined the expression patterns of 94 stress-related genes in seven maize inbred lines with differential expressions of resistance to aflatoxin contamination. The objective was to develop a set of genes/probes associated with resistance to A. flavus and/or aflatoxin contamination. Ninety four genes were selected from previous gene expression studies with abiotic stress to test the differential expression in maize lines, A638, B73, Lo964, Lo1016, Mo17, Mp313E, and Tex6, using real-time RT-PCR. Based on the relative-expression levels, the seven maize inbred lines clustered into two different groups. One group included B73, Lo1016 and Mo17, which had higher levels of aflatoxin contamination and lower levels of overall gene expression. The second group which included Tex6, Mp313E, Lo964 and A638 had lower levels of aflatoxin contamination and higher overall levels of gene expressions. A total of six. cross-talking. genes were identified between the two groups, which are highly expressed in the resistant Group 2 but down-regulated in susceptible Group 1. When further subjected to drought stress, Tex6 expressed more genes up-regulated and B73 has fewer genes up-regulated. The transcript patterns and interactions measured in these experiments indicate that the resistant mechanism is an interconnected process involving many gene products and transcriptional regulators, as well as various host interactions with environmental factors, particularly, drought and high temperature. C1 [Scully, Brian T.; Guo, Baozhu] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Jiang, Tingbo; Zhou, Boru; Kemerait, Robert] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Jiang, Tingbo; Zhou, Boru] NE Forestry Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Forest Tree Genet Improvement & Biotechno, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. [Luo, Meng; Lee, Robert Dewey] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Luo, Meng] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM tjiang@uga.edu; zhouboruha@hotmail.com; mluo@agcenter.lsu.edu; hamed.abbas@ars.usda.gov; Kemerait@uga.edu; deweylee@uga.edu; Brian.Scully@ars.usda.gov; baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov FU Georgia Commodity Commission for Corn FX We would like to thank Billy Wilson, Jake Fountain, and Bobbie J. Johnson for technical assistance in the field and laboratory. This research was partially supported by funds provided by the Georgia Commodity Commission for Corn. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 13 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUN PY 2011 VL 3 IS 6 BP 538 EP 550 DI 10.3390/toxins3060538 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995AN UT WOS:000307978000003 PM 22069724 ER PT J AU Cary, JW Rajasekaran, K Brown, RL Luo, M Chen, ZY Bhatnagar, D AF Cary, Jeffrey W. Rajasekaran, Kanniah Brown, Robert L. Luo, Meng Chen, Zhi-Yuan Bhatnagar, Deepak TI Developing Resistance to Aflatoxin in Maize and Cottonseed SO TOXINS LA English DT Review DE Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxin resistance; host resistance; marker-assisted breeding; transgenic cotton; maize ID RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEIN; NONHEME CHLOROPEROXIDASE GENE; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS INFECTION; CORN GENOTYPES RESISTANT; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; COLI BETA-GLUCURONIDASE; LECTIN-LIKE PROTEIN; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO AB At this time, no "magic bullet" for solving the aflatoxin contamination problem in maize and cottonseed has been identified, so several strategies must be utilized simultaneously to ensure a healthy crop, free of aflatoxins. The most widely explored strategy for the control of aflatoxin contamination is the development of preharvest host resistance. This is because A. flavus infects and produces aflatoxins in susceptible crops prior to harvest. In maize production, the host resistance strategy has gained prominence because of advances in the identification of natural resistance traits. However, native resistance in maize to aflatoxin contamination is polygenic and complex and, therefore, markers need to be identified to facilitate the transfer of resistance traits into agronomically viable genetic backgrounds while limiting the transfer of undesirable traits. Unlike maize, there are no known cotton varieties that demonstrate enhanced resistance to A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination. For this reason, transgenic approaches are being undertaken in cotton that utilize genes encoding antifungal/anti-aflatoxin factors from maize and other sources to counter fungal infection and toxin production. This review will present information on preharvest control strategies that utilize both breeding and native resistance identification approaches in maize as well as transgenic approaches in cotton. C1 [Cary, Jeffrey W.; Rajasekaran, Kanniah; Brown, Robert L.; Luo, Meng; Bhatnagar, Deepak] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Chen, Zhi-Yuan] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Cary, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM jeff.cary@ars.usda.gov; rajah.rajasekaran@ars.usda.gov; robert.brown@ars.udsa.gov; meng.luo@ars.usda.gov; zchen@agcenter.lsu.edu; deepak.bhatnagar@ars.usda.gov NR 96 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 30 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUN PY 2011 VL 3 IS 6 BP 678 EP 696 DI 10.3390/toxins3060678 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995AN UT WOS:000307978000013 PM 22069734 ER PT J AU Neill, JD Newcomer, BW Marley, SD Ridpath, JF Givens, MD AF Neill, John D. Newcomer, Benjamin W. Marley, Shonda D. Ridpath, Julia F. Givens, M. Daniel TI Genetic change in the open reading frame of bovine viral diarrhea virus is introduced more rapidly during the establishment of a single persistent infection than from multiple acute infections SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE RNA virus; Pestivirus; Sequence diversity; Structural proteins; Amino acid changes ID MOUTH-DISEASE VIRUS; IMMUNE SELECTION; RNA VIRUSES; CATTLE; CALVES; STRAINS; BVDV; HERD; IDENTIFICATION; CONSEQUENCES AB Bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) are ubiquitous viral pathogens of cattle with a high degree of sequence diversity amongst strains circulating in livestock herds. The driving force behind change in sequence is not well established but the inaccurate replication of the genomic RNA by a viral RNA polymerase without proof-reading capabilities as well as immune pressure on immunodominant proteins are thought to play major roles. Additionally, it is not clear when the majority of changes are introduced, whether during acute infections with exposure to innate and adaptive immune responses or in establishment of persistent infections (PI) in utero. To examine which generates greater sequence diversity, two groups of viruses were compared. The first was six isolates of a single strain of BVDV-2 that were isolated over greater than a year's time. These viruses caused a series of severe acute (SA) BVD outbreaks over a large geographic area. Changes in nucleotide sequence were determined by comparison of the sequence of each strain to the six virus consensus sequence. The second group was composed of six BVDV strains isolated from PI calves whose dams were exposed to PI cattle. Changes were identified by comparison of the sequence of the progenitor PI virus to that of the progeny viruses from the single in vivo 'passage'. The open reading frames (OAF) of the six SA isolates were >99% identical at the nucleotide level with 30% of the changes being nonsynonymous changes. The amount of genetic change increased with time and distance from the original outbreak. Similarly, the PI viruses isolated from single passage PI calves had >99% identity with the progenitor virus. The number of nucleotide changes in these viruses was equal to or greater than that observed in the SA viruses. The majority of the nonsynonymous changes were found in the structural proteins, with 65% of these occurring in the immunodominant E2 protein. Antigenic mapping studies using a monoclonal antibody panel specific for the BVDV E2 protein showed no antigenic differences amongst the six SA viruses, nor between the progenitor and progeny type la and type 2 persistent viruses. However, antigenic differences were observed in the two type 1b progeny viruses that possessed the greatest number of amino acid changes. Two antibodies were found to have altered staining patterns. These results suggest that the establishment of a single persistent infection results in more rapid generation of genetic diversity in BVDV strains than a series of acute infections and may contribute to antigenic change in the absence of an immune response. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Neill, John D.; Ridpath, Julia F.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Newcomer, Benjamin W.; Marley, Shonda D.; Givens, M. Daniel] Auburn Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Neill, JD (reprint author), ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM john.neill@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 158 IS 1-2 BP 140 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.03.024 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 783JM UT WOS:000292077300018 PM 21470568 ER PT J AU Shen, CL Cao, JJ Dagda, RY Tenner, TE Chyu, MC Yeh, JK AF Shen, Chwan-Li Cao, Jay J. Dagda, Raul Y. Tenner, Thomas E., Jr. Chyu, Ming-Chien Yeh, James K. TI Supplementation with Green Tea Polyphenols Improves Bone Microstructure and Quality in Aged, Orchidectomized Rats SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Green tea; Rat; Bone quality; Bone microstructure; Male osteoporosis ID FEMALE RATS; FREE-RADICALS; MICROARCHITECTURE; DETERIORATION; OSTEOPOROSIS; INCREASES; NUTRITION; STRESS; HEALTH AB Recent studies show that green tea polyphenols (GTPs) attenuate bone loss and microstructure deterioration in ovariectomized aged female rats, a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. This study evaluated the efficacy of GTPs at mitigating bone loss and microstructure deterioration along with related mechanisms in androgen-deficient aged rats, a model of male osteoporosis. A 2 (sham vs. orchidectomy) x 2 (no GTP and 0.5% GTP in drinking water) factorial design was studied for 16 weeks using 40 aged male rats. An additional 10 rats (baseline group) were killed at the beginning of study to provide baseline parameters. There was no difference in femoral mineral density between baseline and the sham only group. Orchidectomy suppressed serum testosterone and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase concentrations, liver glutathione peroxidase activity, bone mineral density, and bone strength. Orchidectomy also decreased trabecular bone volume, number, and thickness in the distal femur and proximal tibia and bone-formation rate in trabecular bone of proximal tibia but increased serum osteocalcin concentrations and bone-formation rates in the endocortical tibial shaft. GTP supplementation resulted in increased serum osteocalcin concentrations, bone mineral density, and trabecular volume, number, and strength of femur; increased trabecular volume and thickness and bone formation in both the proximal tibia and periosteal tibial shaft; decreased eroded surface in the proximal tibia and endocortical tibial shaft; and increased liver glutathione peroxidase activity. We conclude that GTP supplementation attenuates trabecular and cortical bone loss through increasing bone formation while suppressing bone resorption due to its antioxidant capacity. C1 [Shen, Chwan-Li; Dagda, Raul Y.; Chyu, Ming-Chien] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Shen, Chwan-Li] Texas Tech Univ, Laura W Bush Inst Womens Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Cao, Jay J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Chyu, Ming-Chien] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79401 USA. [Yeh, James K.] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Appl Bench Core Lab, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. RP Shen, CL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, BB 198,3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. EM Leslie.Shen@ttuhsc.edu FU Winthrop-University Hospital; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Centers FX This study was supported by Winthrop-University Hospital and Texas Tech University Health Sciences Centers. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0171-967X J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 6 BP 455 EP 463 DI 10.1007/s00223-011-9477-1 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 763EK UT WOS:000290537300002 PM 21431364 ER PT J AU Cintron, MS Johnson, GP French, AD AF Cintron, Michael Santiago Johnson, Glenn P. French, Alfred D. TI Young's modulus calculations for cellulose I-beta by MM3 and quantum mechanics SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE MM3; Molecular mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Young's modulus; Cellulose ID ELASTIC-MODULUS; REGENERATED CELLULOSE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; X-RAY; DEFORMATION; DIFFRACTION AB Quantum mechanics (QM) and molecular mechanics (MM) calculations were performed to elucidate Young's moduli for a series of cellulose I-beta models. Computations using the second generation empirical force field MM3 with a disaccharide cellulose model, 1,4'-O-dimethyl-beta-cellobioside (DMCB), and an analogue, 2,3,6,2',3',6'-hexadeoxy-1,4'-O-dimethyl-beta-cellobioside (DODMCB), that cannot make hydrogen bonds reveal a considerable contribution of intramolecular hydrogen bonding to the molecular stiffness of cellulose I-beta; the moduli for DMCB and DODMCB being 85.2 and 37.6 GPa, respectively. QM calculations confirm this contribution with modulus values of 99.7 GPa for DMCB and 33.0 GPa for DODMCB. However, modulus values for DMCB were considerably lower than values previously reported for cellulose I-beta. MM calculations with extended cellulose chains (10-40 glucose units) resulted in modulus values, 126.0-147.5 GPa, more akin to the values reported for cellulose I-beta. Comparison of the cellodecaose model, 1,4'-O-dimethyl-beta-cellodecaoside (DMCD), modulus with that of its hydrogen bonding-deficient analogue, 2,3,6,2',3',6'-hexadeoxy-1,4'-O-dimethyl-beta-cellodecaoside (DODMCD), corroborates the observed stiffness conferred by intramolecular hydrogen bonds; the moduli for DMCD and DODMCD being 126.0 and 63.3 GPa, respectively. Additional MM3 determinations revealed that modulus values were not strongly affected by intermolecular hydrogen bonding, with multiple strand models providing values similar to the single strand models; 87.5 GPa for a 7-strand DMCB model and 129.5 GPa for a 7 strand DMCD model. C1 [Cintron, Michael Santiago; Johnson, Glenn P.; French, Alfred D.] So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Cintron, MS (reprint author), So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM michael.santiago@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service [44000-6435-070-00D] FX The Agricultural Research Service funded this work; CRIS project 44000-6435-070-00D. The authors wish to acknowledge Dr. Michael K. Dowd, Dr. Ryan P. Slopek, and Dr. Melisa M. Cherney for helpful comments on the paper. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD JUN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 3 BP 505 EP 516 DI 10.1007/s10570-011-9507-1 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 759UO UT WOS:000290274200001 ER PT J AU Fishman, ML Chau, HK Coffin, DR Cooke, PH Qi, P Yadav, MP Hotchkiss, AT AF Fishman, Marshall L. Chau, Hoa K. Coffin, David R. Cooke, Peter H. Qi, Phoebe Yadav, Madhav P. Hotchkiss, Arland T., Jr. TI Physico-chemical characterization of a cellulosic fraction from sugar beet pulp SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Sugar beet pulp; Microwave heating; HPSEC; Molar mass; Intrinsic viscosity; Radius of gyration; Atomic force microscopy; Carboxymethylation ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; PECTIN; GELS AB The residue of sugar beet pulp from which pectin and alkaline soluble polysaccharides have been removed by microwave assisted extraction or conventional heat was treated with sodium monochloroacetate under alkaline pH to convert the residual cellulose present to carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). Weight average molar masses ranged from about 96 to 220 x 10(3) Daltons, weight average intrinsic viscosity from 1.9 to 4.1 dL/g and degree of substitution from 1.38 to 0.59. HPSEC with online molar mass detectors and Atomic Force Microscopy revealed that CMC was comprised of aggregated linear moieties in contact with spherical bodies. The linear portion was a mixture of rods and segmented rods. Some of the rods had long branches. C1 [Fishman, Marshall L.; Chau, Hoa K.; Coffin, David R.; Yadav, Madhav P.; Hotchkiss, Arland T., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Cooke, Peter H.] ARS, USDA, Microbial Biophys & Residue Chem & Core Technol R, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Qi, Phoebe] ARS, USDA, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Fishman, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM marshall.fishman@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD JUN PY 2011 VL 18 IS 3 BP 787 EP 801 DI 10.1007/s10570-011-9521-3 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 759UO UT WOS:000290274200026 ER PT J AU Hare, MP Nunney, L Schwartz, MK Ruzzante, DE Burford, M Waples, RS Ruegg, K Palstra, F AF Hare, Matthew P. Nunney, Leonard Schwartz, Michael K. Ruzzante, Daniel E. Burford, Martha Waples, Robin S. Ruegg, Kristen Palstra, Friso TI Understanding and Estimating Effective Population Size for Practical Application in Marine Species Management SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE contemporary N-e; genetic drift; hatchery-based supplementation; inbreeding N-e; long-term N-e; metapopulation; N-e/N ratio; selection; temporal method; variance N-e ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; COD GADUS-MORHUA; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; NORTH-SEA; OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; ALLELE FREQUENCY; TEMPORAL CHANGES; EFFECTIVE NUMBER; GENETIC-MARKERS AB Effective population size (N-e) determines the strength of genetic drift in a population and has long been recognized as an important parameter for evaluating conservation status and threats to genetic health of populations. Specifically, an estimate of N-e is crucial to management because it integrates genetic effects with the life history of the species, allowing for predictions of a population's current and future viability. Nevertheless, compared with ecological and demographic parameters, N-e has had limited influence on species management, beyond its application in very small populations. Recent developments have substantially improved N-e estimation; however, some obstacles remain for the practical application of N-e estimates. For example, the need to define the spatial and temporal scale of measurement makes the concept complex and sometimes difficult to interpret. We reviewed approaches to estimation of N-e over both long-term and contemporary time frames, clarifying their interpretations with respect to local populations and the global metapopulation. We describe multiple experimental factors affecting robustness of contemporary N-e estimates and suggest that different sampling designs can be combined to compare largely independent measures of N-e for improved confidence in the result. Large populations with moderate gene flow pose the greatest challenges to robust estimation of contemporary N-e and require careful consideration of sampling and analysis to minimize estimator bias. We emphasize the practical utility of estimating N-e by highlighting its relevance to the adaptive potential of a population and describing applications in management of marine populations, where the focus is not always on critically endangered populations. Two cases discussed include the mechanisms generating N-e estimates many orders of magnitude lower than census N in harvested marine fishes and the predicted reduction in N-e from hatchery-based population supplementation. C1 [Hare, Matthew P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Nunney, Leonard] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Ruzzante, Daniel E.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. [Burford, Martha] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Waples, Robin S.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Ruegg, Kristen] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Palstra, Friso] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada. RP Hare, MP (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mph75@cornell.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014; Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367; FU National Science Foundation [Oce-0648528] FX We benefited from helpful comments on earlier drafts by E. Main, M. Hunter, and three anonymous reviewers. This review was inspired by a symposium on the same topic at the International Marine Conservation Congress of 2009. This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation Oce-0648528 (to M. P. H.). NR 86 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 12 U2 143 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 3 BP 438 EP 449 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01637.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 762PK UT WOS:000290491700006 PM 21284731 ER PT J AU Mockrin, MH Rockwell, RF Redford, KH Keuler, NS AF Mockrin, Miranda H. Rockwell, Robert F. Redford, Kent H. Keuler, Nicholas S. TI Effects of Landscape Features on the Distribution and Sustainability of Ungulate Hunting in Northern Congo SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE central Africa; Congo; duiker; hunting; source-sink; ungulate ID TROPICAL FORESTS; PERUVIAN AMAZON; CENTRAL-AFRICA; SMALL-SCALE; MAMMALS; CONSERVATION; WILDLIFE; IMPACTS; HABITAT; HETEROGENEITY AB Understanding the spatial dimensions of hunting and prey population dynamics is important in order to estimate the sustainability of hunting in tropical forests. We investigated how hunting offtake of vertebrates differed in mixed forest and monodominant forest (composed of Gilbertiodendron dewevrei) and over different spatial extents within the hunting catchment around the logging town of Kabo, Congo. In 9 months of recall surveys with hunters, we gathered information on over 1500 hunting trips in which ungulates were 65% of the species killed and 82% of harvested biomass. Hunters supplied information on animals killed and the hunting trip, including the area visited (i.e., hunting zone; 11 separate zones within a 506 km(2) catchment or commonly hunted area). Over 65% of all animals were killed in monodominant forest, which made up 28% of the hunting catchment, and zones with small amounts of monodominant forest were used most frequently by hunters. Given the large offtakes from monodominant forests, we suggest that animal dispersal may be maintaining high, localized harvests in these areas. We believe hunters preferred to hunt in monodominant forest because the understory was accessible and that areas with small amounts of monodominant forest and large amounts of mixed forest were more productive. The variation in hunting pressure we found between and within hunting zones differs from past examinations of spatial variation in hunting offtake, where entire hunting catchments were considered population sinks and areas with low to no hunting (no-take zones) were outside hunting catchments. Future use of no-take zones to manage hunting should incorporate variability in offtake within hunting catchments. C1 [Mockrin, Miranda H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Rockwell, Robert F.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Vertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Redford, Kent H.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Keuler, Nicholas S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Mockrin, MH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg A, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mmockrin@gmail.com FU Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)-Congo; National Science Foundation; Columbia University; American Society of Mammalogists; Roger Williams Zoo FX This research was supported by Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)-Congo, a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, a Columbia University Dissertation Fellowship, the American Society of Mammalogists, and the Roger Williams Zoo. For their generous support and advice, M. H. M. thanks the staff of Progepp, WCS-Congo, and the WCS-Field Vet Program. M. H. M. thanks all the research and field assistants who helped gather data and the residents of Kabo who participated in the study. We thank N. LaPorte for generously providing access to vegetation coverages. We thank the anonymous reviewers and editorial staff whose suggestions improved this paper. The Congolese government gave permission for this study to be carried out. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 3 BP 514 EP 525 DI 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01660.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 762PK UT WOS:000290491700014 PM 21453363 ER PT J AU Asztalos, BF Tani, M Schaefer, EJ AF Asztalos, Bela F. Tani, Mariko Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Metabolic and functional relevance of HDL subspecies SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE dysfunctional HDL; HDL; HDL function; HDL metabolism; HDL structure; HDL subclass ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; 1ST CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ENDOTHELIAL LIPASE; ANTIINFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES; SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE; SUBPOPULATION PROFILE; INTERVENTION TRIAL AB Purpose of review Our purpose is to review recent findings highlighting the metabolic and functional diversity of HDL subspecies. Recent findings HDL heterogeneity - both structural and functional - is the main focus of this review. Recent work indicates that the metabolism and functionality of HDL particles differ greatly among HDL subspecies. With the introduction of new and improved methodology (e.g., proteomics), new aspects of the structural complexity and functionality of HDL have been revealed. It has been confirmed that HDL functions including, but not limited to decreasing inflammation, apoptosis, macrophage adhesion to the endothelium and insulin resistance - are due to HDL's ability to remove cholesterol from cells (reverse cholesterol transport). A new level of HDL complexity has recently been revealed by investigating the lipid composition of HDL with gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. There are about 100 different HDL-associated proteins; however, there are many more lipid species potentially associated with HDL particles. Summary The most important recent findings disclose that HDL is more complex than previously thought. HDL subclasses differ in physical-chemical properties, protein and lipid composition, metabolism, physiological functions and pathophysiological significance. The staggering complexity of HDL demands significantly more investigation before we can truly begin to understand HDL metabolism and function in humans. C1 [Asztalos, Bela F.; Tani, Mariko; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Asztalos, BF (reprint author), 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Bela.asztalos@tufts.edu FU USDA FX The authors would like to thank Robert Matera for his editorial help. Funding was received from the USDA. NR 96 TC 92 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0957-9672 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 22 IS 3 BP 176 EP 185 DI 10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283468061 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 762XE UT WOS:000290514700005 PM 21537175 ER PT J AU Tobin, PC Berec, L Liebhold, AM AF Tobin, Patrick C. Berec, Ludek Liebhold, Andrew M. TI Exploiting Allee effects for managing biological invasions SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Allee dynamics; biological invasions; component Allee effect; demographic Allee effect; invasion ecology; invasive species management; non-native species ID LYMANTRIA-DISPAR L.; GYPSY-MOTH; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; PEST-MANAGEMENT; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; POPULATION EXTINCTION; BEETLES COLEOPTERA; MATING DISRUPTION; PLANT-RESISTANCE; INSECT AB P>Biological invasions are a global and increasing threat to the function and diversity of ecosystems. Allee effects (positive density dependence) have been shown to play an important role in the establishment and spread of non-native species. Although Allee effects can be considered a bane in conservation efforts, they can be a benefit in attempts to manage non-native species. Many biological invaders are subject to some form of an Allee effect, whether due to a need to locate mates, cooperatively feed or reproduce or avoid becoming a meal, yet attempts to highlight the specific exploitation of Allee effects in biological invasions are surprisingly unprecedented. In this review, we highlight current strategies that effectively exploit an Allee effect, and propose novel means by which Allee effects can be manipulated to the detriment of biological invaders. We also illustrate how the concept of Allee effects can be integral in risk assessments and in the prioritization of resources allocated to manage non-native species, as some species beset by strong Allee effects could be less successful as invaders. We describe how tactics that strengthen an existing Allee effect or create new ones could be used to manage biological invasions more effectively. C1 [Tobin, Patrick C.; Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Berec, Ludek] Biol Ctr ASCR, Inst Entomol, Dept Theoret Ecol, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. RP Tobin, PC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ptobin@fs.fed.us RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Berec, Ludek/G-7253-2014 OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Berec, Ludek/0000-0002-2419-3324 FU NSF [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California; U.S. Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Asheville, North Carolina; Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre ASCR [Z50070508] FX We thank Franck Courchamp (University of Paris South), Andrew Kramer (University of Georgia) and Kenneth Raffa (University of Wisconsin) for helpful comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this manuscript. We also appreciate the comments from three anonymous referees. Part of this work was conducted in conjunction with the 'Applying population ecology to strategies for eradicating invasive forest insects' Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (Grant #EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, the State of California and the U.S. Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Asheville, North Carolina. Ludek Berec also acknowledges funding from the Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre ASCR (Z50070508). NR 100 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 11 U2 149 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 14 IS 6 BP 615 EP 624 DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01614.x PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 763UE UT WOS:000290584400010 PM 21418493 ER PT J AU Boyd, O Weng, P Sun, XP Alberico, T Laslo, M Obenland, DM Kern, B Zou, S AF Boyd, Olga Weng, Peter Sun, Xiaoping Alberico, Thomas Laslo, Mara Obenland, David M. Kern, Bradley Zou, Sige TI Nectarine promotes longevity in Drosophila melanogaster SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Aging; Nectarine; Peach; Life span; Oxidative stress; Reproductive aging; JNK signaling pathway; Nutraceutical; 4-Hydroxynonenal-protein adduct; Free radicals ID LIFE-SPAN EXTENSION; DIETARY-RESTRICTION; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; ANASTREPHA-LUDENS; DNA-DAMAGE; FRUIT-FLY; RESVERATROL; PEACH; POLYPHENOLS AB Fruits containing high antioxidant capacities and other bioactivities are ideal for promoting longevity and health span. However, few fruits are known to improve the survival and health span in animals, let alone the underlying mechanisms. Here we investigate the effects of nectarine, a globally consumed fruit, on life span and health span in Drosophila melanogaster. Wild-type flies were fed standard, dietary restriction (DR), or high-fat diet supplemented with 0-4% nectarine extract. We measured life span, food intake, locomotor activity, fecundity, gene expression changes, and oxidative damage indicated by the level of 4-hydroxynonenal-protein adduct in these flies. We also measured life span, locomotor activity, and oxidative damage in sod1 mutant flies on the standard diet supplemented with 0-4% nectarine. Supplementation with 4% nectarine extended life span, increased fecundity, and decreased expression of some metabolic genes, including a key gluconeogenesis gene, PEPCK, and oxidative stress-response genes, including peroxiredoxins, in female wild-type flies fed the standard, DR, or high-fat diet. Nectarine reduced oxidative damage in wildtype females fed the high-fat diet. Moreover, nectarine improved the survival of and reduced oxidative damage in female sod1 mutant flies. Together, these findings suggest that nectarine promotes longevity and health span partly by modulating glucose metabolism and reducing oxidative damage. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Boyd, Olga; Weng, Peter; Sun, Xiaoping; Alberico, Thomas; Laslo, Mara; Kern, Bradley; Zou, Sige] NIA, Lab Expt Gerontol, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Obenland, David M.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Zou, S (reprint author), NIA, Lab Expt Gerontol, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. EM zous@mail.nih.gov FU National Institute on Aging, NIH FX We thank Paul Neipp for preparing the nectarine extract, Dr. Vilhelm Bohr for encouraging us to initiate this study, and Dr. Nan-ping Weng and Edward Spangler for valuable comments and suggestions on the manuscript. This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, NIH, to S.Z. NR 66 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1669 EP 1678 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.011 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 764BP UT WOS:000290603700023 PM 21406223 ER PT J AU Hartiala, J Li, DL Conti, DV Vikman, S Patel, Y Tang, WHW Brennan, ML Newman, JW Stephensen, CB Armstrong, P Hazen, SL Allayee, H AF Hartiala, Jaana Li, Dalin Conti, David V. Vikman, Susanna Patel, Yesha Tang, W. H. Wilson Brennan, Marie-Louise Newman, John W. Stephensen, Charles B. Armstrong, Patrice Hazen, Stanley L. Allayee, Hooman TI Genetic contribution of the leukotriene pathway to coronary artery disease SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ARACHIDONATE 5-LIPOXYGENASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; DOUBLE KNOCKOUT MICE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BIOSYNTHESIS PATHWAY; BLT1-DEFICIENT MICE; PROMOTER GENOTYPE; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; ASSOCIATION; RISK; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB We evaluated the genetic contribution of the leukotriene (LT) pathway to risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in 4,512 Caucasian and African American subjects ascertained through elective cardiac evaluation. Of the three previously associated variants, the shorter "3" and "4" alleles of a promoter repeat polymorphism in ALOX5 increased risk of CAD in African Americans (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-1.9; p = 0.04), whereas a haplotype of LTA4H (HapK) was associated with CAD in Caucasians (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.01-1.4; p = 0.03). In Caucasians, first-stage analysis of 254 haplotype-tagging SNPs in 15 LT pathway genes with follow-up of 19 variants in stage 2 revealed an LTA4H SNP (rs2540477) that increased risk of CAD (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.5; p = 0.003) and a PLA2G4A SNP (rs12746200) that decreased risk of CAD (OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.9; p = 0.0007). The PLA2G4A rs12746200 variant also decreased risk of experiencing a major adverse cardiac event (MACE = myocardial infarction, stroke, or death) over 3 years of follow-up (HR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.9; p = 0.01), consistent with its cardioprotective effect. Functional experiments demonstrated that stimulated monocytes from carriers of LTA4H variants HapK or rs2540477 had 50% (p = 0.002) and 33% (p = 0.03) higher LTB(4) production, respectively, compared to non-carriers. These ex vivo results are consistent with LTB(4) being the direct product of the reaction catalyzed by LTA4H and its role in promoting monocyte chemotaxis to sites of inflammation, including the artery wall of atherosclerotic lesions. Taken together, this study provides additional evidence that functional genetic variation of the LT pathway can mediate atherogenic processes and the risk of CAD in humans. C1 [Hartiala, Jaana; Vikman, Susanna; Patel, Yesha; Allayee, Hooman] USC Keck Sch Med, Inst Med Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Hartiala, Jaana; Li, Dalin; Conti, David V.; Vikman, Susanna; Patel, Yesha; Allayee, Hooman] USC Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Tang, W. H. Wilson; Brennan, Marie-Louise; Hazen, Stanley L.] Cleveland Clin, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Brennan, Marie-Louise; Hazen, Stanley L.] Cleveland Clin, Dept Cell Biol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Brennan, Marie-Louise; Hazen, Stanley L.] Cleveland Clin, Ctr Cardiovasc Diagnost & Prevent, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Newman, John W.; Stephensen, Charles B.; Armstrong, Patrice] Univ Calif Davis, USDA Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stephensen, Charles B.; Armstrong, Patrice] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Allayee, H (reprint author), USC Keck Sch Med, Inst Med Genet, 2250 Alcazar St,CSC 206, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. EM hallayee@usc.edu RI Li, Dalin/F-4266-2011; Tang, Wai Hong/I-1238-2013 FU National Institutes of Health [RO1HL079353, R21AT003411, P60MD0222, P01HL076491, P01HL098055, P01HL087018, R01HL103866]; General Clinical Research Center of the Cleveland Clinic/Case Western Reserve University CTSA [UL1RR024989]; US Department of Agriculture [5306-51530-006-00D]; Gustavus & Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation; Abbott Diagnostics, Inc.; National Center for Research Resources [RR10600, CA62528, RR14514] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants RO1HL079353, R21AT003411, P60MD0222, the General Clinical Research Center of the Cleveland Clinic/Case Western Reserve University CTSA (UL1RR024989), and US Department of Agriculture grant CRIS Project # 5306-51530-006-00D. The Cleveland Clinic GeneBank study is supported by National Institutes of Health grants P01HL076491, P01HL098055, P01HL087018, and R01HL103866. P.A. was supported through a fellowship award from the Gustavus & Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation. Supplies and funding for measuring fasting plasma lipid and CRP levels were provided for by Abbott Diagnostics, Inc. A portion of this work was conducted in a facility constructed with support from the National Institutes of Health Research Facilities Improvement Program (RR10600, CA62528, and RR14514) from the National Center for Research Resources. NR 44 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 129 IS 6 BP 617 EP 627 DI 10.1007/s00439-011-0963-3 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 763FO UT WOS:000290540900004 PM 21293878 ER PT J AU Lamon-Fava, S Marcovina, SM Albers, JJ Kennedy, H DeLuca, C White, CC Cupples, LA McNamara, JR Seman, LJ Bongard, V Schaefer, EJ AF Lamon-Fava, Stefania Marcovina, Santica M. Albers, John J. Kennedy, Hal DeLuca, Carl White, Charles C. Cupples, L. Adrienne McNamara, Judith R. Seman, Leo J. Bongard, Vanina Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Lipoprotein(a) levels, apo(a) isoform size, and coronary heart disease risk in the Framingham Offspring Study SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein; cholesterol; epidemiology; triglycerides ID APOLIPOPROTEIN(A) ISOFORMS; PLASMA LIPOPROTEIN(A); ELEVATED LIPOPROTEIN(A); CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LP(A) LIPOPROTEIN; MEN; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ASSOCIATION; NUMBER; POLYMORPHISM AB The aim of this study was to assess the independent contributions of plasma levels of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), Lp(a) cholesterol, and of apo(a) isoform size to prospective coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Plasma Lp(a) and Lp(a) cholesterol levels, and apo(a) isoform size were measured at examination cycle 5 in subjects participating in the Framingham Offspring Study who were free of CHD. After a mean follow-up of 12.3 years, 98 men and 47 women developed new CHD events. In multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio of CHD was approximately two-fold greater in men in the upper tertile of plasma Lp(a) levels, relative to those in the bottom tertile (P < 0.002). The apo(a) isoform size contributed only modestly to the association between Lp(a) and CHD and was not an independent predictor of CHD. In multivariate analysis, Lp(a) cholesterol was not significantly associated with CHD risk in men. In women, no association between Lp(a) and CHD risk was observed. Elevated plasma Lp(a) levels are a signifi cant and independent predictor of CHD risk in men. The assessment of apo(a) isoform size in this cohort does not add signifi cant information about CHD risk. In addition, the cholesterol content in Lp(a) is not a signifi cant predictor of CHD risk. Lamon-Fava, S., S. M. Marcovina, J. J. Albers, H. Kennedy, C. DeLuca, C. C. White, L. A. Cupples, J. R. McNamara, L. J. Seman, V. Bongard, and E. J. Schaefer. Lipoprotein(a) levels, apo(a) isoform size, and coronary heart disease risk in the Framingham Offspring Study. J. Lipid Res. 2011. 52: 1181-1187. C1 [Lamon-Fava, Stefania; DeLuca, Carl; McNamara, Judith R.; Seman, Leo J.; Bongard, Vanina; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Marcovina, Santica M.; Albers, John J.; Kennedy, Hal] Univ Washington, NW Lipid Metab & Diabet Res Labs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [White, Charles C.; Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Lamon-Fava, S (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM stefania.lamon-fava@tufts.edu OI Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Bongard, Vanina/0000-0001-5789-0815 FU National Institutes of Health [HL-60935, HL-74753, HL-083813, HL-030086]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707]; NHLBI [N01-HC-25195]; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD [HL-60935] FX This work was supported by grants HL-60935, HL-74753, HL-083813, and HL-030086 from the National Institutes of Health and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707; by NHLBI N01-HC-25195 and HL-60935 from the National Institutes of Health (L. A. C., C. C. W.), Bethesda, MD. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. The authors report no conflict of interest. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1181 EP 1187 DI 10.1194/jlr.M012526 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 763LX UT WOS:000290559500013 PM 21478162 ER PT J AU La Croix, S Holekamp, KE Shivik, JA Lundrigan, BL Zelditch, ML AF La Croix, Suzanne Holekamp, Kay E. Shivik, John A. Lundrigan, Barbara L. Zelditch, Miriam Leah TI Ontogenetic Relationships Between Cranium and Mandible in Coyotes and Hyenas SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ontogeny; skull morphology; carnivore; geometric morphometrics; life history; coyote; hyena ID SKULL MORPHOLOGY; SPOTTED HYENA; GROWTH; SHAPE; RODENTIA; MAMMALS; PHYLOGENY; ALLOMETRY; MOVEMENTS; SCIURIDAE AB Developing animals must resolve the conflicting demands of survival and growth, ensuring that they can function as infants or juveniles while developing toward their adult form. In the case of the mammalian skull, the cranium and mandible must maintain functional integrity to meet the feeding needs of a juvenile even as the relationship between parts must change to meet the demands imposed on adults. We examine growth and development of the cranium and mandible, using a unique ontogenetic series of known-age coyotes (Canis latrans), analyzing ontogenetic changes in the shapes of each part, and the relationship between them, relative to key life-history events. Both cranial and mandibular development conform to general mammalian patterns, but each also exhibits temporally and spatially localized maturational transformations, yielding a complex relationship between growth and development of each part as well as complex patterns of synchronous growth and asynchronous development between parts. One major difference between cranium and mandible is that the cranium changes dramatically in both size and shape over ontogeny, whereas the mandible undergoes only modest shape change. Cranium and mandible are synchronous in growth, reaching adult size at the same life-history stage; growth and development are synchronous for the cranium but not for the mandible. This synchrony of growth between cranium and mandible, and asynchrony of mandibular development, is also characteristic of a highly specialized carnivore, the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), but coyotes have a much less protracted development, being handicapped relative to adults for a much shorter time. Morphological development does not predict life-history events in these two carnivores, which is contrary to what has been reported for two rodent species. The changes seen in skull shape in successive life-history stages suggest that adult functional demands cannot be satisfied by the morphology characterizing earlier life-history stages. J. Morphol. 272: 662-674, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [La Croix, Suzanne; Holekamp, Kay E.; Lundrigan, Barbara L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Shivik, John A.] Utah State Univ, USDA Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Zelditch, Miriam Leah] Univ Michigan, Museum Paleontol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP La Croix, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, 203 Nat Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM lacroixs@msu.edu RI Holekamp, Kay/G-6054-2010; Zelditch, Miriam/B-6431-2008 OI Zelditch, Miriam/0000-0002-5006-6679 FU Graduate School; College of Natural Sciences; Department of Zoology at Michigan State University; NSF [I0B0618022, I0S0819437] FX Contract grant sponsors: Graduate School, the College of Natural Sciences and the Department of Zoology at Michigan State University; Contract grant sponsor: NSF; Contract grant numbers: I0B0618022, I0S0819437. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0362-2525 J9 J MORPHOL JI J. Morphol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 272 IS 6 BP 662 EP 674 DI 10.1002/jmor.10934 PG 13 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA 764HO UT WOS:000290620700002 PM 21484852 ER PT J AU Hicks, PD Rogers, SP Hawthorne, KM Chen, ZS Abrams, SA AF Hicks, Penni D. Rogers, Stefanie P. Hawthorne, Keli M. Chen, Zhensheng Abrams, Steven A. TI Calcium Absorption in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with and without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC BONE-DISEASE; PRETERM INFANTS; QUANTITATIVE ULTRASOUND; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; GROWTH; FORMULA; HEALTH AB Objective To evaluate the effects of early bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on calcium (Ca) metabolism and growth in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Study design A dual-tracer, stable isotope method was used to assess Ca absorption in VLBW infants. Infants with early BPD received energy-dense feedings and mild fluid restriction. Results Sixteen of 41 preterm infants were classified as having early BPD. Fractional Ca absorption (early BPD, 58.4 +/- 4.6% versus no early BPD, 50.3 +/- 4.0%, P = .2), total Ca absorption (early BPD, 127 +/- 14 mg/kg/d versus no early BPD, 104 +/- 9 mg/kg/d, P = .9), and Ca retention (early BPD, 99.6 +/- 10.0 mg/kg/d versus no early BPD, 91.0 +/- 9.8 mg/kg/d, P = .2) were similar among groups. There was no significant difference in weight gain, linear growth, or head circumference growth between groups. Conclusions The ability of VLBW infants with early BPD and fluid restriction to grow and accrete calcium is similar to those without early BPD. The use of high caloric density feedings in VLBW infants with early BPD can help achieve bone and overall growth outcomes close to those achievable in utero. (J Pediatr 2011;158:885-90). C1 [Hicks, Penni D.; Rogers, Stefanie P.; Hawthorne, Keli M.; Chen, Zhensheng; Abrams, Steven A.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Rogers, Stefanie P.; Abrams, Steven A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Rogers, Stefanie P.; Abrams, Steven A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Hicks, PD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St,Room 7005, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM pennih@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 FU Gerber Foundation FX Supported by the Gerber Foundation. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 158 IS 6 BP 885 EP U45 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.12.034 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 763LQ UT WOS:000290558600007 PM 21300373 ER PT J AU Smith, PF Howerth, EW Carter, D Gray, EW Noblet, R Smoliga, G Rodriguez, LL Mead, DG AF Smith, P. F. Howerth, E. W. Carter, D. Gray, E. W. Noblet, R. Smoliga, G. Rodriguez, L. L. Mead, D. G. TI Domestic cattle as a non-conventional amplifying host of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Simulium; black flies; co-feeding transmission; vesicular stomatitis ID BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; LUTZOMYIA-SHANNONI DIPTERA; SIMULIUM-VITTATUM DIPTERA; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SWINE SUS-SCROFA; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NONVIREMIC TRANSMISSION; VECTOR COMPETENCE; SEROTYPE; INFECTION AB The role of vertebrates as amplifying and maintenance hosts for vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV) remains unclear. Livestock have been considered dead-end hosts because detectable viraemia is absent in VSNJV-infected animals. This study demonstrated two situations in which cattle can represent a source of VSNJV to Simulium vittatum Zetterstedt (Diptera: Simuliidae) by serving: (a) as a substrate for horizontal transmission among co-feeding black flies, and (b) as a source of infection to uninfected black flies feeding on sites where VSNJV-infected black flies have previously fed. Observed co-feeding transmission rates ranged from 0% to 67%. Uninfected flies physically separated from infected flies by a distance of up to 11 cm were able to acquire virus during feeding although the rate of transmission decreased as the distance between infected and uninfected flies increased. Acquisition of VSNJV by uninfected flies feeding on initial inoculation sites at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post-infection, in both the presence and absence of vesicular lesions, was detected. C1 [Mead, D. G.] Univ Georgia, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Smith, P. F.; Gray, E. W.; Noblet, R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Howerth, E. W.; Carter, D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Smoliga, G.; Rodriguez, L. L.] ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Orient Point, NY USA. RP Mead, DG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Coll Vet Med, 589 DW Brooks Dr,Wildlife Hlth Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dmead@uga.edu RI Mead, Daniel/F-7501-2013 FU National Research Initiative of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35204-16102] FX Funding for this research was primarily provided by the National Research Initiative of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (grant no. 2005-35204-16102). Additional support was provided by the Georgia Research Alliance, USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Veterinary Services Cooperative Agreement (08-9613-0032-CA) and the USDA (CRIS-1940-32000-04000D). NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 2 BP 184 EP 191 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00932.x PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 763VZ UT WOS:000290589100008 PM 21133963 ER PT J AU Leavitt, SD Fankhauser, JD Leavitt, DH Porter, LD Johnson, LA St Clair, LL AF Leavitt, Steven D. Fankhauser, Johnathon D. Leavitt, Dean H. Porter, Lyndon D. Johnson, Leigh A. St Clair, Larry L. TI Complex patterns of speciation in cosmopolitan "rock posy" lichens - Discovering and delimiting cryptic fungal species in the lichen-forming Rhizoplaca melanophthalma species-complex (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Coalescent theory; Species delimitation; Lichen species concepts; Rhizoplaca; Secondary metabolites; Species delimitation; Species tree phylogeny estimation; Vagrant lichens ID GROUP-I INTRON; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; SEQUENCE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; BAYESIAN-INFERENCE; NORTH-AMERICA; RIBOSOMAL DNA; PHENOTYPIC ASSOCIATIONS; RECOMBINATION DETECTION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION AB A growing body of evidence indicates that in some cases morphology-based species circumscription of lichenized fungi misrepresents the number of existing species. The cosmopolitan "rock posy" lichen (Rhizoplaca melanophthalma) species-complex includes a number of morphologically distinct species that are both geographically and ecologically widespread, providing a model system to evaluate speciation in lichen-forming ascomycetes. In this study, we assembled multiple lines of evidence from nuclear DNA sequence data, morphology, and biochemistry for species delimitation in the R. melanophthalma species-complex. We identify a total of ten candidate species in this study, four of which were previously recognized as distinct taxa and six previously unrecognized lineages found within what has been thus far considered a single species. Candidate species are supported using inferences from multiple empirical operational criteria. Multiple instances of sympatry support the view that these lineages merit recognition as distinct taxa. Generally, we found little corroboration between morphological and chemical characters, and previously unidentified lineages were morphologically polymorphic. However, secondary metabolite data supported one cryptic saxicolous lineage, characterized by orsellinic-derived gyrophoric and lecanoric acids, which we consider to be taxonomically significant. Our study of the R. melanophthalma species-complex indicates that the genus Rhizoplaca, as presently circumscribed, is more diverse in western North American than originally perceived, and we present our analyses as a working example of species delimitation in morphologically cryptic and recently diverged lichenized fungi. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Leavitt, Steven D.; Johnson, Leigh A.; St Clair, Larry L.] Brigham Young Univ, ML Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Leavitt, Steven D.; Johnson, Leigh A.; St Clair, Larry L.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Fankhauser, Johnathon D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Leavitt, Dean H.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Johnson, Leigh A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Leavitt, SD (reprint author), Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, 1400 S Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. EM sleavitt@fieldmuseum.org RI Fankhauser, Johnathon/G-4442-2011 FU University of Minnesota; Brigham Young University; Walmart Foundation FX We thank Byron Adams (Provo), Eric Green (Provo), Roger Rosentreter (Boise), Imke Schmitt (Minnesota), and Jack Sites (Provo) for valuable discussion and comments on early versions of this manuscript; Christopher Jones and Peter Ririe for laboratory assistance; and LauraDawn Leavitt (Provo) and Gajendra Shrestha (Provo) for invaluable help in preparing figures. We would also like to thank Jack Elix (Canberra) for providing a digital HPLC library and Thorsten Lumbsch (Chicago) for a collection of authentic substances. This study was supported, in part, by funds from the University of Minnesota to Imke Schmitt (St. Paul), Brigham Young University graduate mentoring and graduate research fellowship awards to SDL, and a Walmart Foundation Internship Grant to JDF. The funding sources had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, preparation or decision to publish this manuscript. NR 132 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 587 EP 602 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.020 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 764DQ UT WOS:000290609000005 PM 21443956 ER PT J AU Brent, CS Fasnacht, MP Judd, TM AF Brent, Colin S. Fasnacht, Matthew P. Judd, Timothy M. TI Post-mating enhancement of fecundity in female Lygus hesperus SO PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Accessory glands; fecundity; Lygus hesperus; Miridae; spermatophore ID SEMINAL FLUID PROTEIN; TARNISHED PLANT BUG; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; JUVENILE-HORMONE; MELANOPLUS-SANGUINIPES; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS; RAPID-DETERMINATION; GLOSSINA-MORSITANS; EGG MATURATION AB Although mated females of the western tarnished plant bug Lygus hesperus Knight are known to produce more eggs than virgins, the nature of the inducing stimuli and the specific changes occurring in the female require additional elucidation. Compared with virgin females isolated from males, those exposed to male precopulatory behaviours produce similar numbers of eggs, whereas inseminated females produce 50% more during the observation period. Although the quantity of seminal fluids received by a female does not influence egg number, mating twice within a 10-day span causes a 16% increase in fecundity, on average. Females mating more than twice during the same period do not exhibit additional increases in egg number. Because virgin females contain more chorionated eggs than are laid, mating appears to enhance the rate of oviposition. However, to achieve a sustained increase in fecundity, an augmented rate of oocyte maturation would also be required. Male-derived spermatophores lack substantive quantities of nutrients that might otherwise have enhanced female fecundity. The total amounts of carbohydrate, protein and lipid, as well as eight essential minerals transferred by the male, are insufficient for producing even a single egg, and the female has already produced a large number of chorionated oocytes before she mates. Collectively, the data suggest that seminal fluid contains one or more activational molecules, such as a peptide, which triggers an increase in egg deposition. A prolonged increase in oviposition rate may be achieved through multiple matings to ensure a supply of sperm or to offset the degradation of the putative activational factor. C1 [Brent, Colin S.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Fasnacht, Matthew P.] SE Missouri State Univ, Dept Chem, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 USA. [Judd, Timothy M.] SE Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 USA. RP Brent, CS (reprint author), USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. EM colin.brent@ars.usda.gov OI Brent, Colin/0000-0003-2078-1417 NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0307-6962 J9 PHYSIOL ENTOMOL JI Physiol. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 36 IS 2 BP 141 EP 148 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3032.2010.00776.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 762OJ UT WOS:000290489000006 ER PT J AU Zhou, XJ Mcquinn, R Fei, ZJ Wolters, AMA Van Eck, J Brown, C Giovannoni, JJ Li, L AF Zhou, Xiangjun Mcquinn, Ryan Fei, Zhangjun Wolters, Anne-Marie A. Van Eck, Joyce Brown, Charles Giovannoni, James J. Li, Li TI Regulatory control of high levels of carotenoid accumulation in potato tubers SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE BCH2 promoter; carotenoids; microarray; potato; sugar response ID LYCOPENE EPSILON-CYCLASE; FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; BETA-CAROTENE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; PHYTOENE SYNTHASE; GENETIC-VARIATION; HYDROXYLASE GENE; MICROARRAY DATA; TOMATO; FRUIT AB Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers contain a wide range of carotenoid contents. To decipher the key factors controlling carotenoid levels in tubers, four potato lines (Atlantic, Desiree, 91E22 and POR03) were examined by a combination of biochemical, molecular and genomics approaches. These lines contained incremental levels of carotenoids, which were found to be associated with enhanced capacity of carotenoid biosynthesis as evident from norflurazon treatment. Microarray analysis of high and low carotenoid lines (POR03 versus Atlantic) revealed 381 genes that showed significantly differential expression. The carotenoid metabolic pathway genes beta-carotene hydroxylase 2 (BCH2) and beta-carotene hydroxylase 1 (BCH1), along with zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP), and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1A (CCD1A) were among the most highly differentially expressed genes. The transcript levels of BCH2 and BCH1 were lowest in Atlantic and highest in POR03, whereas those of ZEP and CCD1A were high in low carotenoid lines and low in high carotenoid lines. The high expression of BCH2 in POR03 line was associated with enhanced response to sugars. Our results indicate that high levels of carotenoid accumulation in potato tubers were due to an increased metabolic flux into carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, as well as the differential expression of carotenoid metabolic genes. C1 [Zhou, Xiangjun; Mcquinn, Ryan; Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Zhou, Xiangjun; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mcquinn, Ryan; Fei, Zhangjun; Van Eck, Joyce; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wolters, Anne-Marie A.] Wageningen Univ, Lab Plant Breeding, NL-6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands. [Brown, Charles] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ll37@cornell.edu RI Van Eck, Joyce/E-2291-2012; Wolters, Anne-Marie/N-8810-2013 FU NSF [NSF DBI-0618969]; TRIAD Foundation; USDA [2007-35318-17794] FX We thank the Plant Cell Imaging Center at Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research for sharing the facilities, which were sponsored by NSF (NSF DBI-0618969) and The TRIAD Foundation. This research was supported in part by USDA National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2007-35318-17794. NR 66 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1020 EP 1030 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02301.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 762CN UT WOS:000290450000011 PM 21388418 ER PT J AU Naoumkina, M Dixon, RA AF Naoumkina, Marina Dixon, Richard A. TI Characterization of the mannan synthase promoter from guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Endosperm-specific expression; Promoter; Mannan synthase; Genetic transformation ID TRIGONELLA-FOENUM-GRAECUM; BETA-PHASEOLIN GENE; FENUGREEK GALACTOMANNAN GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE; STRUCTURALLY ALTERED GALACTOMANNANS; TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; TRANSGENIC RICE PLANTS; ENDOSPERM CELL-WALLS; CAMV 35S PROMOTER; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; ALPHA-AMYLASE AB Guar seed gum, consisting primarily of a high molecular weight galactomannan, is the most cost effective natural thickener, having broad applications in the food, cosmetics, paper, pharmaceutical and petroleum industries. The properties of the polymer can potentially be enhanced by genetic modification. Development of suitable endosperm-specific promoters for use in guar is desirable for metabolic engineering of the seed gum. A similar to 1.6 kb guar mannan synthase (MS) promoter region has been isolated. The MS promoter sequence was fused with the GUS reporter gene and overexpressed in the heterologous species alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The potential strength and specificity of the MS promoter was compared with those of the constitutive 35S promoter and the seed specific beta-phaseolin promoter. Quantitative GUS assays revealed that the MS promoter directs GUS expression specifically in endosperm in transgenic alfalfa. Thus, the guar MS promoter could prove generally useful for directing endosperm-specific expression of transgenes in legume species. C1 [Naoumkina, Marina; Dixon, Richard A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Naoumkina, Marina] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Dixon, RA (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. EM radixon@noble.org FU Halliburton Energy Services FX We thank Dr. Timothy C. Hall (Texas A&M University, College Station, TX) for providing the bean beta-phaseolin promoter, Sarah Bay for assistance in collecting seeds and their separation from different tissues, and Dr. Zengyu Wang for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant to RAD from Halliburton Energy Services. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 997 EP 1006 DI 10.1007/s00299-011-1003-4 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 763GG UT WOS:000290542800005 PM 21249366 ER PT J AU Wang, L Zhou, BR Wu, LL Guo, BZ Jiang, TB AF Wang, Lei Zhou, Boru Wu, Lili Guo, Baozhu Jiang, Tingbo TI Differentially expressed genes in Populus simonii x Populus nigra in response to NaCl stress using cDNA-AFLP SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cDNA-AFLP; Differential gene expression; Salinity stress; Real-time PCR ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; ARABIDOPSIS; RICE; SALT; FAMILY AB Salinity is an important environmental factor limiting growth and productivity of plants, and affects almost every aspect of the plant physiology and biochemistry. The objective of this study was to apply cDNA-AFLP and to identify differentially expressed genes in response to NaCl stress vs. no-stress in Populus simonii x Populus nigra in order to develop genetic resources for genetic improvement. Selective amplification with 64 primer combinations allowed the visualization of 4407 transcript-derived fragments (TDFs), and 2027 were differentially expressed. Overall, 107 TDFs were re-sequenced successfully, and 86 unique sequences were identified in 10 functional categories based on their putative functions. A subset of these genes was selected for real-time PCR validation, which confirmed the differential expression patterns in the leaf tissues under NaCl stress vs. no stress. Differential expressed genes will be studied further for association with salt or drought-tolerance in P. simonii x P. nigra. This study suggests that cDNA-AFLP is a useful tool to serve as an initial step for characterizing transcriptional changes induced by NaCl salinity stress in P. simonii x P. nigra and provides resources for further study and application in genetic improvement and breeding. All unique sequences have been deposited in the Genbank as accession numbers GW672587-GW672672 for public use. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Lei; Zhou, Boru; Wu, Lili; Jiang, Tingbo] NE Forestry Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Forest Tree Genet Improvement & Biotechno, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. [Guo, Baozhu] Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Wang, Lei] Heilongjiang Acad Sci, High Tech Inst, Harbin 150088, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, TB (reprint author), NE Forestry Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Forest Tree Genet Improvement & Biotechno, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. EM tbjiang@yahoo.com FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Key Research Project of Heilongjiang Province [GA09B201-4] FX This work has been supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Key Research Project of Heilongjiang Province (GA09B201-4). NR 26 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 180 IS 6 BP 796 EP 801 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.02.001 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 762WA UT WOS:000290511000008 PM 21497716 ER PT J AU Srithep, Y Javadi, A Pilla, S Turng, LS Gong, SQ Clemons, C Peng, J AF Srithep, Yottha Javadi, Alireza Pilla, Srikanth Turng, Lih-Sheng Gong, Shaoqin Clemons, Craig Peng, Jun TI Processing and Characterization of Recycled Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Blends With Chain Extenders, Thermoplastic Elastomer, and/or Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) resin is one of the most widely used thermoplastics, especially in packaging. Because thermal and hydrolytic degradations, recycled PET (RPET) exhibits poor mechanical properties and lacks moldability. The effects of adding elastomeric modifiers, chain extenders (CE), and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), PBAT, as a toughener to RPET on its moldability and mechanical property were investigated. Melt blending of RPET with CE, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and/or PBAT was performed in a thermokinetic mixer (K-mixer). The blended materials were then injection molded to produce tensile specimens. Various techniques were used to study the mechanical properties, rheological properties, compatibility, and crystallization behavior of the RPET blends. By melt blending with proper additives, recycled PET regained its moldability, thereby enabling the recycling of RPET. Furthermore, the addition of CE greatly enhanced the mechanical properties of RPET. While the RPET and TPE blends also showed improved mechanical properties, the improvement was less significant and the blends were often immiscible due to the difference in polarities between RPET and TPE. Finally, it was found that the mechanical properties of RPET blends depended on the prior thermal history of the material and could be improved with an extra annealing step that increased the degree of crystallinity. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 51: 1023-1032, 2011. (C) 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers C1 [Srithep, Yottha; Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Polymer Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Javadi, Alireza; Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Pilla, Srikanth] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Clemons, Craig] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Peng, Jun] S China Univ Technol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Turng, LS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Polymer Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM turng@engr.wisc.edu; sgong@engr.wisc.edu RI Pilla, Srikanth/F-4622-2011; Peng, Jun/L-3755-2013 OI Pilla, Srikanth/0000-0003-3728-6578; FU Thai Government FX Contract grant sponsor: Wisconsin System Solid Waste Research Program, Thai Government. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0032-3888 J9 POLYM ENG SCI JI Polym. Eng. Sci. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1023 EP 1032 DI 10.1002/pen.21916 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 762YK UT WOS:000290517900001 ER PT J AU Halvorson, JJ Cassida, KA Turner, KE Belesky, DP AF Halvorson, J. J. Cassida, K. A. Turner, K. E. Belesky, D. P. TI Nutritive value of bamboo as browse for livestock SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE nutritive value; bamboo; forage; goats; Phyllostachys; Arundinaria ID GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; PHYLLOSTACHYS-PUBESCENS; APPALACHIAN REGION; EARLY GROWTH; GIANT PANDA; TREE LEAVES; GOATS; CATTLE; SHEEP; USA AB Small farms in Appalachia need management options that diversify income opportunities, are adaptable to new livestock management strategies, and help maintain environmental integrity. Plantings of temperate bamboo (Poaceae), including species native to West Virginia, were established to determine the potential nutritive value for small ruminants, such as goats (Capra hircus), at different times of the year. The bamboo species we evaluated, included several Phyllostachys spp., Semiarundiaria fastuosa and Arundinaria gigantea, were able to withstand Appalachian winter temperatures and retain some green leaves even in late winter. Although small differences were evident, the nutritive value was generally comparable among species and exhibited similar trends over the season. Total non-structural carbohydrates in bamboo leaves decreased throughout the growing season, and then remained stable or increased during winter. Conversely, crude protein was relatively low in young leaves compared to late season or over-wintered leaves. Concentrations of fiber and protein were sufficient to meet the maintenance needs of adult goats. The ability of bamboo to remain green and maintain the nutritive value throughout winter suggested that it has potential as winter forage for goats in central Appalachia. As an upright browse, bamboo may reduce the exposure of goats to gastrointestinal parasites. Perennial stands of temperate bamboo could prove to be a valuable, multiple-use crop suitable for Appalachian farm operations and easily adaptable to goat production systems. C1 [Halvorson, J. J.; Cassida, K. A.; Turner, K. E.; Belesky, D. P.] ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, USDA, Beaver, WV USA. RP Halvorson, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, USDA, Beaver, WV USA. EM Jonathan.Halvorson@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 26 IS 2 BP 161 EP 170 DI 10.1017/S1742170510000566 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 762ZQ UT WOS:000290522000007 ER PT J AU Ballingall, KT Herrmann-Hoesing, L Robinson, J Marsh, SGE Stear, MJ AF Ballingall, K. T. Herrmann-Hoesing, L. Robinson, J. Marsh, S. G. E. Stear, M. J. TI A single nomenclature and associated database for alleles at the major histocompatibility complex class II DRB1 locus of sheep SO TISSUE ANTIGENS LA English DT Article DE immuno polymorphism database; major histocompatibility complex; sheep ID MHC-DRB; OVAR-MHC; GENES; POLYMORPHISM; OVAR-DRB1; SEQUENCE; BREEDS; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION AB The development of standardised nomenclatures with associated databases containing reference sequences for alleles at polymorphic loci within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been facilitated by the development of the immuno polymorphism database (IPD). Recently, included within IPD-MHC is information on allelic diversity within sheep species (IPD-MHC-OLA). Here, we present the first report of progress in populating the sheep IPD-MHC database with alleles at the class II MHC DRB1 locus. The sequence of 63 Ovar-DRB1 alleles within 24 allelic families is now held within the database, each meeting the minimum requirement of a complete second exon. These sequences are derived from a combination of genomic and cDNA-based approaches and represent the most extensive collection of validated alleles at the sheep DRB1 locus yet described. Although these 63 alleles probably represent only a fraction of the DRB1 allelic diversity in sheep species worldwide, we encourage the research community to use the official allelic nomenclature and to contribute allelic sequences to the database via its web-based submission tool. In time, the IPD-MHC-OLA resource will underpin population-based MHC genotyping studies and help to simplify meta-analyses of multi-source data from wild and domestic sheep populations. C1 [Ballingall, K. T.] Moredun Res Inst, Penicuik EH26 OPZ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Herrmann-Hoesing, L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Robinson, J.; Marsh, S. G. E.] Royal Free Hosp, Anthony Nolan Res Inst, London NW3 2QG, England. [Marsh, S. G. E.] UCL, UCL Canc Inst, London, England. [Stear, M. J.] Univ Glasgow, Fac Vet Med, Div Anim Prod & Publ Hlth, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. RP Ballingall, KT (reprint author), Moredun Res Inst, Pentlands Sci Pk, Penicuik EH26 OPZ, Midlothian, Scotland. EM keith.ballingall@moredun.ac.uk RI Robinson, James/A-2056-2011 OI Robinson, James/0000-0002-2187-5944 FU Scottish Government; EU FX The Comparative MHC Nomenclature Committee is a standing committee of the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) and is affiliated to the Veterinary Immunology Committee (VIC) of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). Funding from the Scottish Government and the EU framework 7 NADIR partnership is gratefully acknowledged. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0001-2815 J9 TISSUE ANTIGENS JI Tissue Antigens PD JUN PY 2011 VL 77 IS 6 BP 546 EP 553 DI 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01637.x PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA 759FR UT WOS:000290226600004 PM 21361877 ER PT J AU Jermstad, KD Eckert, AJ Wegrzyn, JL Delfino-Mix, A Davis, DA Burton, DC Neale, DB AF Jermstad, Kathleen D. Eckert, Andrew J. Wegrzyn, Jill L. Delfino-Mix, Annette Davis, Dean A. Burton, Deems C. Neale, David B. TI Comparative mapping in Pinus: sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Linkage map; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); Comparative mapping; Major gene resistance; Sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs) ID CONTROLLING ADAPTIVE TRAITS; WESTERN WHITE-PINE; BLISTER RUST; MAJOR GENE; CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; LINKAGE MAPS; RESISTANCE; GENOME; SEQUENCE; MARKERS AB The majority of genomic research in conifers has been conducted in the Pinus subgenus Pinus mostly due to the high economic importance of the species within this taxon. Genetic maps have been constructed for several of these pines and comparative mapping analyses have consistently revealed notable synteny. In contrast, little genomic research has been conducted on the Pinus subgenus Strobus, even though these pines have strong ecological relevance. We report a consensus genetic linkage map for sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) constructed with 399 single nucleotide polymorphisms markers derived from annotated genes. The map is 1,231 cM in length and organized into 19 linkage groups. Two of the mapping populations were derived from trees that were segregating for the major gene of resistance (Cr1) to Cronartium ribicola, the fungal pathogen responsible for white pine blister rust. The third mapping population was derived from a full-sib cross segregating for partial resistance to white pine blister rust. In addition, we report the first comparative mapping study between subgenera Strobus and Pinus. Sixty mapped markers were found in common between sugar pine and the loblolly pine reference map with 56 of them (93%) showing collinearity. All 19 linkage groups of the sugar pine consensus map coaligned to the 12 linkage groups of the loblolly pine reference map. The syntenic relationship observed between these two clades of pines provides a foundation for advancing genomic research and genetic resources in subgenus Strobus. C1 [Wegrzyn, Jill L.; Neale, David B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jermstad, Kathleen D.; Delfino-Mix, Annette; Neale, David B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Forest Genet, Placerville, CA USA. [Eckert, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Davis, Dean A.; Burton, Deems C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Genet Resource Unit, Happy Camp, CA USA. RP Neale, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dbneale@ucdavis.edu RI Eckert, Andrew/E-4788-2011; OI Eckert, Andrew/0000-0002-6522-2646; Wegrzyn, Jill/0000-0001-5923-0888 NR 47 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUN PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 BP 457 EP 468 DI 10.1007/s11295-010-0347-1 PG 12 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 763PJ UT WOS:000290571900002 ER PT J AU Zhao, P Woeste, KE AF Zhao, Peng Woeste, Keith E. TI DNA markers identify hybrids between butternut (Juglans cinerea L.) and Japanese walnut (Juglans ailantifolia Carr.) SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Juglans x bixbyi; RAPD; SCAR; CAPS; Internal transcribed spacer; trnT-F; Hybrid invasion; Butternut canker ID NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA; SIROCOCCUS-CLAVIGIGNENTI-JUGLANDACEARUM; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CAPS MARKERS; CHLOROPLAST; PHYLOGENY; REGION; MICROSATELLITES; CONSERVATION; SCAR AB Butternut (Juglans cinerea L.) is a temperate deciduous hardwood native to the eastern USA and southern Canada valued for its nuts and wood. Butternut's survival is threatened by butternut canker, a disease caused by the exotic fungus Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum Nair, Kostichka & Kuntz. Field observations indicate that trees commonly called buartnut (a hybrid of butternut and its close congener Japanese walnut (Juglans ailantifolia x J. cinerea)) may be more resistant to butternut canker than is either parental species. Hybrids are difficult to distinguish morphologically from butternuts, and scientists have expressed concern over the possibility of range-wide genetic invasion by Japanese walnut via hybridization with butternut. We used pair-wise combinations of 40 random primers to screen bulked DNA pools of butternut, Japanese walnut, and buartnuts to identify genomic regions unique to Japanese walnut. We ultimately identified one ITS region marker, one chloroplast marker, one mitochondrial marker, and six nuclear markers. The utility of the markers for identifying hybrids was tested and verified using more than 190 genotypes. The markers will be used to identify buartnut hybrids based on the presence of introgressed genomic fragments inherited from Japanese walnut. We confirmed that hybrids have a complex genetic history and present features of the parental species in all possible combinations. These results will assist in the identification and testing of (non-hybrid) butternut for breeding and reintroduction of the species to its former habitats. C1 [Woeste, Keith E.] Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, HTIRC,Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zhao, Peng] NW A&F Univ, Coll Forestry, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Woeste, KE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, HTIRC,Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM woeste@purdue.edu FU Indiana Nature Conservancy FX Thanks to John McLaughlin, Barbara Crane, and Paul Berrang for their helpful comments during the preparation of the manuscript. The use of trade names is for the information and convenience of the reader and does not imply official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Forest Service of any product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The authors thank Hannah Bergeman, James McKenna, Zhonglian Huang, and Lisa Worthen for their assistance and the USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repositories in Davis, CA and Corvallis, OR for samples. Partial funding for this research was provided by the Indiana Nature Conservancy. NR 51 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUN PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 BP 511 EP 533 DI 10.1007/s11295-010-0352-4 PG 23 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 763PJ UT WOS:000290571900006 ER PT J AU Volkova, VV Bailey, RH Hubbard, SA Magee, DL Byrd, JA Robert, WW AF Volkova, V. V. Bailey, R. H. Hubbard, S. A. Magee, D. L. Byrd, J. A. Robert, W. W. TI Risk Factors Associated with Salmonella Status of Broiler Flocks Delivered to Grow-Out Farms SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; broiler; hatchery; food safety; epidemiology; risk factor analysis ID CHICKEN FLOCKS; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; CROSS-CONTAMINATION; CECAL CARRIAGE; INFECTION; POULTRY; ENTERITIDIS; RESISTANCE; TYPHIMURIUM; LINES AB P > In a prospective field observational study in the southeastern USA, we sampled gastrointestinal (GI) tracts from chicks of 65 broiler flocks delivered to conventional grow-out farms for rearing. The flocks were hatched at seven broiler hatcheries. The mean within-flock prevalence of Salmonella-positive samples was 6.5% and ranged from 0% to 86.7%. Of the 65 flocks studied, 25 (38.5%) had at least one Salmonella-positive sample. Accounting for confounding variability among the hatcheries and broiler companies, we tested whether the probability of detecting Salmonella in GI tracts of the chicks delivered was associated with certain characteristics of parent breeder flocks; hatchery production volume; hatchery ventilation system; hatchery egg-room conditions; egg incubation, candling, hatching, eggshell and bird separation, and bird-processing procedures; management of hatchery-to-farm transportation; day of week of hatch; weather conditions during transportation; or season of the hatch. Two risk factor models were adopted. The first model indicated that a greater number of parent flocks, manual separation of eggshell and bird, and a greater amount of fluff and feces on tray liners used during hatchery-to-farm transportation at delivery were associated with increased probability of detecting Salmonella in chick GI tracts, whereas a greater number of birds in the delivery vehicle was associated with decreased probability. The second model indicated that broiler flocks hatched on Tuesdays versus either Mondays or Thursdays (with no hatches on Wednesdays, Fridays or week-ends), increased average hatchability of the eggs from the parent flocks, and greater amounts of fluff and feces on the transport tray liners at delivery were all associated with increased probability of detecting Salmonella in chick GI tracts. The results of this study suggest potential management decisions to lessen Salmonella contamination of broilers supplied by commercial hatcheries and areas for further research. C1 [Bailey, R. H.; Hubbard, S. A.; Magee, D. L.; Robert, W. W.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39769 USA. [Volkova, V. V.] Univ Edinburgh, Epidemiol Grp, Ctr Infect Dis, Ashworth Labs, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Byrd, J. A.] USDA ARS SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. RP Bailey, RH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Coll Vet Med, 240 Wise Ctr Dr,POB 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39769 USA. EM rhbailey@cvm.msstate.edu; wills@cvm.msstate.edu RI Tast Lahti, Elina/R-8664-2016 FU Epidemiological Approaches for Food Safety; USDA NRICGP [32.1, 2002-02235] FX This work was funded by the Epidemiological Approaches for Food Safety, USDA NRICGP 32.1, 2002-02235. We thank Dr Karen Dazo-Galarneau, Dr Michael Rybolt, Mrs Terry Doler and Mrs Mary Ann Ballard for laboratory and logistic support of the project. VVV is grateful to Dr Martin Miller for reading through the paper and helpful discussions. We thank Dr Charles Wax and Ashley McDonald, Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University for providing SAO data. We appreciate collaboration of the participating industry, and are thankful to the hatchery managers for dedicating the time and effort to complete the questionnaires. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD JUN PY 2011 VL 58 IS 4 BP 284 EP 298 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01348.x PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 762NK UT WOS:000290486000009 PM 20807393 ER PT J AU Kim, TH Nghiem, NP Taylor, F Hicks, KB AF Kim, Tae Hyun Nghiem, Nhuan P. Taylor, Frank Hicks, Kevin B. TI Consolidated Conversion of Hulled Barley into Fermentable Sugars Using Chemical, Thermal, and Enzymatic (CTE) Treatment SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hulled barley; Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment; Fermentable sugar production; Enzyme hydrolysis; Lignocellulosic biomass conversion ID DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; HYDROLYSIS; ETHANOL; DELIGNIFICATION; EXTRACTION; CELLULOSE; STRAW AB A novel process using chemical, thermal, and enzymatic treatment for conversion of hulled barley into fermentable sugars was developed. The purpose of this process is to convert both lignocellulosic polysaccharides and starch in hulled barley grains into fermentable sugars simultaneously without a need for grinding and hull separation. In this study, hulled barley grains were treated with 0.1 and 1.0 wt.-% sulfuric acid at various temperatures ranging from 110 to 170 A degrees C in a 63-ml flow-through packed-bed stainless steel reactor. After sulfuric acid pretreatment, simultaneous conversion of lignocellulose and starch in the barley grains into fermentable sugars was performed using an enzyme cocktail, which included alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, cellulase, and beta-glucosidase. Both starch and non-starch polysaccharides in the pre-treated barley grains were readily converted to fermentable sugars. The treated hulled barley grains, including their hull, were completely hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars with recovery of almost 100% of the available glucose and xylose. The pretreatment conditions of this chemical, thermal, and enzymatic (CTE) process for achieving maximum yield of fermentable sugars were 1.0 wt.% sulfuric acid and 110 A degrees C. In addition to starch, the acid pretreatment also retained most of the available proteins in solid form, which is essential for subsequent production of fuel ethanol and high protein distiller's dried grains with solubles co-product. C1 [Kim, Tae Hyun] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kim, Tae Hyun] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nghiem, Nhuan P.; Taylor, Frank; Hicks, Kevin B.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Kim, TH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 3101 NSRIC, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM thkim@iastate.edu OI Kim, Tae Hyun/0000-0002-2225-1199 FU ARS/USDA (CRIS) [1935-41000-072-00D]; ADM FX This research was conducted as a part of a research project with ARS/USDA (CRIS no. 1935-41000-072-00D) and under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with ADM Research (Decatur, IL, USA) (CRADA no. 58-3K95-4-1050). We greatly acknowledge ADM for their research support. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 164 IS 4 BP 534 EP 545 DI 10.1007/s12010-010-9155-1 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 759FV UT WOS:000290227000012 PM 21229334 ER PT J AU Barnard, DR Knue, GJ Dickerson, CZ Bernier, UR Kline, DL AF Barnard, D. R. Knue, G. J. Dickerson, C. Z. Bernier, U. R. Kline, D. L. TI Relationship between mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) landing rates on a human subject and numbers captured using CO2-baited light traps SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE sampling; trapping; bias; diel activity ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; SAMPLING ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOS; INFECTION-RATES; MALARIA VECTORS; HUMAN-BAIT; SURVEILLANCE; COLLECTIONS; POPULATIONS; TANZANIA; EFFICACY AB Capture rates of insectary-reared female Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say, Culex nigripalpus Theobald, Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes triseriatus (Say) in CDC-type light traps (LT) supplemented with CO2 and using the human landing (HL) collection method were observed in matched-pair experiments in outdoor screened enclosures. Mosquito responses were compared on a catch-per-unit-effort basis using regression analysis with LT and HL as the dependent and independent variables, respectively. The average number of mosquitoes captured in 1min by LT over a 24-h period was significantly related to the average number captured in 1min by HL only for Cx. nigripalpus and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Patterns of diel activity indicated by a comparison of the mean response to LT and HL at eight different times in a 24-h period were not superposable for any species. The capture rate efficiency of LT when compared with HL was <= 15% for all mosquitoes except Cx. quinquefasciatus (43%). Statistical models of the relationship between mosquito responses to each collection method indicate that, except for Ae. albopictus, LT and HL capture rates are significantly related only during certain times of the diel period. Estimates of mosquito activity based on observations made between sunset and sunrise were most precise in this regard for An. quadrimaculatus and Cx. nigripalpus, as were those between sunrise and sunset for Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. triseriatus. C1 [Barnard, D. R.; Knue, G. J.; Dickerson, C. Z.; Bernier, U. R.; Kline, D. L.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Barnard, DR (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM don.barnard@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-4853 J9 B ENTOMOL RES JI Bull. Entomol. Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 3 BP 277 EP 285 DI 10.1017/S0007485310000453 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 758HS UT WOS:000290155500004 PM 21205394 ER PT J AU Gremillion, S Culbreath, A Gorbet, D Mullinix, B Pittman, R Stevenson, K Todd, J Condori, M AF Gremillion, S. Culbreath, A. Gorbet, D. Mullinix, B., Jr. Pittman, R. Stevenson, K. Todd, J. Condori, M. TI Response of progeny bred from Bolivian and North American cultivars in integrated management systems for leaf spot of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Peanut breeding; Disease resistance; Leaf spot ID REDUCED TILLAGE; EXPOSURE AB Early and late leaf spot (caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum, respectively) are major yield-reducing diseases of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) in the southeastern U.S. Effective suppression of both early and late leaf spot, collectively called 'leaf spot', can be reached with integrated disease management (IDM) systems utilizing peanut cultivars with moderate levels of resistance to these pathogens. A Bolivian landrace cultivar, Bayo Grande, and a series of progeny breeding lines were evaluated under two IDM systems consisting of various reduced application fungicide regimes and/or tillage treatments in field experiments over two years. In the absence of fungicides or when averaged across fungicide regimes, Bayo Grande and breeding lines had better leaf spot resistance when compared to cultivars Georgia Green, MDR-98 and C-99R in all experiments across years. The addition of three or four fungicide applications to Bayo Grande and several of the breeding lines suppressed leaf spot to levels similar to those genotypes and Georgia Green under the full regime. Conservation tillage reduced the need for fungicides in most genotypes in both years. Yields were higher for Bayo Grande and the breeding lines compared to Georgia Green in three of the four experiments across years. When compared across genotype, yields were greatest for the full season fungicide regime, except in 2002 when yields were similar for all treatments. Leaf spot severity was reduced in conservation tillage compared to conventional tillage in most varieties in the absence of fungicides. However, yields tended to be lower in conservation tillage treatments than in conventional tillage. Under conservation tillage, yields of Bayo Grande and two of the breeding lines were negatively impacted in one year and were overall lower in the other year. Several of these new Bolivian-derived genotypes show promise for use in a reduced fungicide and/or conservation tillage IDM system with the potential to lessen fungicide use compared to standard production practices while maintaining low leaf spot levels and high yields. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gremillion, S.] Armstrong Atlantic State Univ, Dept Biol, Savannah, GA 31419 USA. [Culbreath, A.; Stevenson, K.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Gorbet, D.] Univ Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Agron, Marianna, FL 32446 USA. [Mullinix, B., Jr.] Texas Agrilife Res, Lubbock, TX 79424 USA. [Pittman, R.] Univ Georgia, Agr Expt Stn, USDA ARS, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Todd, J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Agr Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Condori, M.] Hacienda Senor, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. RP Gremillion, S (reprint author), Armstrong Atlantic State Univ, Dept Biol, Savannah, GA 31419 USA. EM sara.gremillion@armstrong.edu FU National Peanut Board; USAID Peanut Collaborative Research and Support Program [UFL-16] FX The authors thank E. Cantonwine, S. Danforth, M. Heath, W. Jones, A. McKeown, S. McKeown, K. Parish, K. Welch, and D. Baldelomar. Support for this research was funded in part by the National Peanut Board and conducted as part of the USAID Peanut Collaborative Research and Support Program (Project UFL-16). NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 698 EP 704 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.02.012 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 758VU UT WOS:000290196000018 ER PT J AU Chekali, S Gargouri, S Paulitz, T Nicol, JM Rezgui, M Nasraoui, B AF Chekali, Samira Gargouri, Samia Paulitz, Timothy Nicol, Julie M. Rezgui, Mohsen Nasraoui, Bouzid TI Effects of Fusarium culmorum and water stress on durum wheat in Tunisia SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Fusarium culmorum; Fusarium crown and foot rot; water stress; Durum wheat; Triticum durum ID CROWN ROT; WINTER-WHEAT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FOOT ROT; SOIL; COLONIZATION; GRAMINEARUM; MANAGEMENT; AUSTRALIA; INFECTION AB The effects of water stress on Fusarium foot and root rot in durum wheat were investigated in growth chamber, greenhouse and field tests in Tunisia. In the seedling stage, emergence of six durum wheat cultivars in the growth chamber was significantly reduced by inoculation with Fusarium culmorum and water stress (P < 0.0001), with more disease under drier conditions. Additionally, the tiller number per mature plant, the 1000 grain weight and disease severity in mature stage were reduced by inoculation in greenhouse studies. In a field test, inoculation with E culmorum significantly reduced the yield (P < 0.001), by more than 17% for Om Rabiaa and 38% for Karim, the two cultivars tested. Yield was also significantly affected by precipitation and irrigation levels. The severity of the disease, estimated by the percentage of white heads, was separately affected by the cultivar (P < 0.001) and inoculation (P = 0.0004). Percentage of white heads was 1.5 and 2 x higher in inoculated plants than non-inoculated for Om Rabiaa and Karim cultivars, respectively. Disease severity was highest in treatments with the greatest water stress. This is the first detailed study of water stress and E culmorum on durum wheat in Tunisia, and indicates that cultivar resistance and irrigation management may be important in the management of Fusarium foot rot. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Paulitz, Timothy] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chekali, Samira; Nasraoui, Bouzid] Ecole Super Agr Kef, Le Kef 7119, Tunisia. [Gargouri, Samia] Inst Natl Rech Agron Tunisie, Lab Protect Vegetaux, Agron, Tunisia. [Nicol, Julie M.] CIMMYT Int, ICARDA CIMMYT Wheat Improvement Program, TR-06511 Ankara, Turkey. [Rezgui, Mohsen] Inst Natl Rech Agron Tunisie, Le Kef 7119, Tunisia. RP Paulitz, T (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM paulitz@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 FU ESAK, Ecole superieure d'agriculture du Kef, CIMMYT FX We thank ESAK, Ecole superieure d'agriculture du Kef, CIMMYT for their financial support and Dr. Bram Govearts for his helpful suggestions on the manuscript. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 718 EP 725 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.01.007 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 758VU UT WOS:000290196000021 ER PT J AU Srivastava, P George, S Marois, JJ Wright, DL Walker, DR AF Srivastava, Pratibha George, Sheeja Marois, James J. Wright, David L. Walker, David R. TI Saccharin-induced systemic acquired resistance against rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) infection in soybean: Effects on growth and development SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Defense mechanisms; Soybean rust; Phakopsora pachyrhizi; Systemic acquired resistance; Saccharin ID PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEINS; PRACTICAL CULTURE CONDITIONS; F-SP GLYCINEA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; RICE PLANTS; SALICYLIC-ACID; POWDERY MILDEW; CONFERS RESISTANCE; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; GENE AB We examined the effect of saccharin on the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) response of soybean to the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal agent of soybean rust. Plants were grown hydroponically in half-strength Hoagland's solution and were challenged with the pathogen 1, 5, 10 and 15 d after treatment with 3 mM saccharin applied either as a foliar spray or a root drench at the 2nd trifoliate (V3) and early reproductive (R1) stages. Plants were destructively harvested and assessed for visible rust symptoms 2 wk after inoculation. Mode of saccharin application was a significant factor influencing the severity of rust infection. Saccharin applied as a root drench was more effective than the foliar spray treatment at inducing SAR, with increased resistance observed 1 d after application. Systemic protection against rust infection was still apparent 15 d after application of saccharin as a root drench. In contrast, foliar treatment with saccharin did not increase systemic protection until 15 d after treatment. When systemic protection was induced by the application of saccharin in either manner, there was no significant reduction of plant growth, except when plants were inoculated 15 d after the saccharin application as a root drench at the R1 stage of development. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Srivastava, Pratibha; George, Sheeja; Marois, James J.; Wright, David L.] Univ Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [Walker, David R.] USDA ARS, Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Srivastava, P (reprint author), Univ Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. EM pratibha@ufl.edu FU USDA-ARS; North Central Soybean Research Program FX This work was funded by the USDA-ARS and North Central Soybean Research Program. We thank Dr Mrittunjai Srivastava (NFREC, University of Florida) for useful discussions and Dr Dongyan Wang (University of Florida) for help with statistical analyses. NR 73 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 726 EP 732 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.02.023 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 758VU UT WOS:000290196000022 ER PT J AU Chen, YG Ciaramitaro, T Poland, TM AF Chen, Yigen Ciaramitaro, Tina Poland, Therese M. TI Moisture content and nutrition as selection forces for emerald ash borer larval feeding behaviour SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; Buprestidae; Coleoptera; evolution; Fraxinus; natural selection; nutrients ID AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; FRAXINUS-MANDSHURICA; HOST LOCATION; INSECT; GRAVITY; PLANT; ORIENTATION; PREFERENCE; CHEMISTRY AB 1. The exotic phloem-feeding emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis, has killed tens of millions of North American ash trees (Fraxinus) since its first detection in the U. S. A. in 2002. Ash trees are killed by larval feeding in the cambial region, which disrupts translocation of photosynthates and nutrients. 2. We observed that EAB larvae feed predominantly downwards in naturally grown green ash trees, a behaviour confirmed in greenhouse-grown black ash seedlings. Furthermore, biomass of larvae feeding downwards was greater than that for larvae feeding upwards. 3. We sought to determine the relative importance of four selection forces (i.e. gravity, moisture content, plant defence, and nutrition) in driving this downward feeding behaviour in this study. The gravity and plant defence (i.e. polyphenols) hypotheses were ruled out because even when seedlings were grown upside down, more EAB larvae moved upwards (towards the root area), and phloem tissue below the feeding site contained higher concentrations of defensive compounds than that above the feeding site. 4. The moisture content hypothesis was supported as phloem moisture above the feeding site decreased to levels reducing survivorship and biomass but was unaffected below. The nutrition hypothesis was also supported as the levels of 11 amino acids (mostly essential amino acids) below the feeding site were greater than those above. Furthermore, growth of larvae reared on an artificial diet deficient in protein and amino acids was worse than larvae reared in diet with complete ingredient or diet deficient in either protein or amino acids. 5. We conclude that moisture content and nutrients are two selective forces for the downward feeding behaviour of EAB larvae. C1 [Chen, Yigen] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ciaramitaro, Tina; Poland, Therese M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Chen, YG (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM ygchen@msu.edu FU USDA Forest Service, NA FHP FX We thank Monica Hufnagel, Spencer Bradley, and Alison Barc for maintenance of the EAB colony, collection of EAB eggs, and assistance with EAB artificial diet trials. We also thank Drs Mike Ulyshen (USDA-FS, Starkville, MS) and Xinzhi Ni (USDA-ARS, Tifton, Georgia) for comments on an early draft of the manuscript. The research was supported by the USDA Forest Service, NA FHP. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0307-6946 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 36 IS 3 BP 344 EP 354 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2311.2011.01278.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 760IW UT WOS:000290319000009 ER PT J AU Zapata, M Beaver, JS Porch, TG AF Zapata, Mildred Beaver, James S. Porch, Timothy G. TI Dominant gene for common bean resistance to common bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Gene-for-gene interaction; Host-pathogen interaction; Resistance gene; Pathogenic races; Phaseolus vulgaris ID PLANT PATHOGEN XANTHOMONAS; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; DISEASE RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; REGISTRATION; DEFENSE; PROTEIN; HOST; SPECIFICITY; FUSCANS AB The common bacterial blight pathogen [Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap)] is a limiting factor for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production worldwide and resistance to the pathogen in most commercial cultivars is inadequate. Variability in virulence of the bacterial pathogen has been observed in strains isolated from Puerto Rico and Central America. A few common bean lines show a differential reaction when inoculated with different Xap strains, indicating the presence of pathogenic races. In order to study the inheritance of resistance to common bacterial blight in common bean, a breeding line that showed a differential foliar reaction to Xap strains was selected and was crossed with a susceptible parent. The inheritance of resistance to one of the selected Xap races was determined by analysis of segregation patterns in the F(1), F(2), F(3) and F(4) generations from the cross between the resistant parent PR0313-58 and the susceptible parent 'Rosada Nativa'. The F(1), F(2) and F(3) generations were tested under greenhouse conditions. Resistant and susceptible F(3:4) sister lines were tested in the field. The statistical analysis of all generations followed the model for a dominant resistance gene. The resistant phenotype was found to co-segregate with the SCAR SAP6 marker, located on LG 10. These results fit the hypothesis that resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. The symbol proposed for the resistance gene is Xap-1 and for the bacterial race, XapV1. C1 [Zapata, Mildred; Beaver, James S.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Porch, Timothy G.] ARS, USDA, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Zapata, M (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crops & Agroenvironm Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. EM mildred.zapataserrano@upr.edu FU Hatch project 351 "Genetic improvement of beans for yield, pest resistance and food value'' FX Financial support for research at the Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez campus was provided by the Hatch project 351 "Genetic improvement of beans for yield, pest resistance and food value''. The authors wish to thank Ms. R. Gaud for technical assistance during the study and to Dr. Linda Beaver and Dr. Carlos Ortiz for reviewing the manuscript. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUN PY 2011 VL 179 IS 3 BP 373 EP 382 DI 10.1007/s10681-010-0313-x PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 758OT UT WOS:000290175200002 ER PT J AU Tewoldemedhin, YT Mazzola, M Botha, WJ Spies, CFJ McLeod, A AF Tewoldemedhin, Yared Tesfai Mazzola, Mark Botha, Wilhelm J. Spies, Christoffel F. J. McLeod, Adele TI Characterization of fungi (Fusarium and Rhizoctonia) and oomycetes (Phytophthora and Pythium) associated with apple orchards in South Africa SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apple replant disease; DNA extraction from plant roots; Growth reduction; Pathogen DNA in roots; TaqMan chemistry ID REAL-TIME PCR; REPLANT DISEASE; NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS; CAUSAL ROLE; SOIL; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCES; SOLANI; GROWTH; ROOTS AB Several species of fungi and oomycetes including Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora and Pythium have been reported as root pathogens of apple where they contribute to a phenomenon known as apple replant disease. In South Africa, little is known about specific species in these genera and their pathogenicity toward apple. Therefore, these aspects were investigated along with the development and optimization of qPCR tests for detection and quantification of the most virulent oomycete species. In eight investigated orchards, the oomycete Phythophthora cactorum was widely distributed, while nine Pythium species were differentially distributed among the orchards. Pythium irregulare was the most widely distributed and the most virulent species along with P. sylvaticum, P. vexans and Ph. cactorum. Seven binucleate Rhizoctonia anastomosis groups (AGs) were also differentially distributed among the orchards, with the majority appearing to be non-pathogenic while certain AG-I and AG-F isolates exhibited low virulence on apple. In the genus Fusarium, F. oxysporum was widely distributed, but isolates were non-pathogenic. Fusarium solani and F. avenaceum were less frequently encountered, with only some isolates having low virulence. qPCR data obtained from seedling roots inoculated with the most virulent Pythium species (P. irregulare, P. sylvaticum and P. vexans) and the genus Phytophthora were not always reproducible between trials, or isolates of the same species. In general, seedling growth inhibition was associated with the presence of a low amount of pathogen DNA (+/- 40 fg mu l(-1) to 2 pg mu l(-1)) in roots. Pythium irregulare, although having the lowest DNA concentrations in roots, was the only species for which a significant negative correlation was found between seedling weight and pathogen DNA concentration. C1 [Tewoldemedhin, Yared Tesfai; Spies, Christoffel F. J.; McLeod, Adele] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Plant Pathol, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Mazzola, Mark] ARS, USDA, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Botha, Wilhelm J.] Plant Protect Res Inst, Agr Res Council, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. RP McLeod, A (reprint author), Private Bag X1, ZA-7600 Matieland, South Africa. EM adelem@sun.ac.za RI McLeod, Adele/D-4025-2012 OI McLeod, Adele/0000-0002-1807-9154 NR 54 TC 22 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 130 IS 2 BP 215 EP 229 DI 10.1007/s10658-011-9747-9 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 757QC UT WOS:000290101800009 ER PT J AU Manzoni, S Vico, G Katul, G Fay, PA Polley, W Palmroth, S Porporato, A AF Manzoni, Stefano Vico, Giulia Katul, Gabriel Fay, Philip A. Polley, Wayne Palmroth, Sari Porporato, Amilcare TI Optimizing stomatal conductance for maximum carbon gain under water stress: a meta-analysis across plant functional types and climates SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE elevated atmospheric CO(2); optimal water use; photosynthesis model; stomatal conductance; water stress; water use efficiency ID GAS-EXCHANGE; CO2 ASSIMILATION; SOIL-WATER; USE EFFICIENCY; CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEMS; HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES; LEAF PHOTOSYNTHESIS; OPTIMIZATION THEORY; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; BIOCHEMICAL-MODEL AB P>1. Quantification of stomatal responses to environmental variables, in particular to soil water status, is needed to model carbon and water exchange rates between plants and the atmosphere. 2. Models based on stomatal optimality theory successfully describe leaf gas exchange under different environmental conditions, but the effects of water availability on the key optimization parameter [the marginal water use efficiency (WUE), lambda = partial derivative A/partial derivative E] has resisted complete theoretical treatment. Building on previous optimal leaf gas exchange models, we developed an analytical equation to estimate lambda from gas exchange observations along gradients of soil water availability. This expression was then used in a meta-analysis of about 50 species to investigate patterns of variation in lambda. 3. Assuming that cuticular water losses are negligible lambda increases under mild water stress but decreases when severe water stress limits photosynthesis. When cuticular conductance is considered, however, lambda increases monotonically with increasing water stress, in agreement with previous theoretical predictions. Moreover, the shape of these response curves to soil water availability changes with plant functional type and climatic conditions. In general, lambda is lower in species grown in dry climates, indicating lower marginal WUE. 4. The proposed parameterization provides a framework to assess the responses of leaf gas exchange to changes in water availability. Moreover, the model can be extended to scale leaf-level fluxes to the canopy and ecosystem level. C1 [Manzoni, Stefano; Vico, Giulia; Katul, Gabriel; Porporato, Amilcare] Duke Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Manzoni, Stefano; Vico, Giulia; Katul, Gabriel; Palmroth, Sari; Porporato, Amilcare] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Fay, Philip A.; Polley, Wayne] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Porporato, A (reprint author), Duke Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM amilcare@duke.edu RI Katul, Gabriel/A-7210-2008; Vico, Giulia/A-6296-2010; Manzoni, Stefano/C-5330-2009; OI Katul, Gabriel/0000-0001-9768-3693; Vico, Giulia/0000-0002-7849-2653; Manzoni, Stefano/0000-0002-5960-5712; Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [58-6206-7-029]; United States Department of Energy (DOE) through Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER); NICCR [DE-FG02-95ER62083, DE-FC02-06ER64156]; FACE [DE-FG02-95ER62083, DE-FC02-06ER64156)]; National Science Foundation [NSF-EAR 0628342, NSF-EAR 0635787]; Landolt & Cie visiting Chair 'Innovative strategies for a sustainable future' at Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland FX This research was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA grant 58-6206-7-029), by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Terrestrial Carbon Processes (TCP) program (FACE and NICCR grants: DE-FG02-95ER62083, DE-FC02-06ER64156), and by the National Science Foundation (NSF-EAR 0628342, NSF-EAR 0635787). A.P. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Landolt & Cie visiting Chair 'Innovative strategies for a sustainable future' at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland. We also thank Susan Schwinning and Danielle Way for their comments to an earlier version of the manuscript, and Stan Schymanski and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive critiques. NR 70 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 7 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 3 BP 456 EP 467 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2010.01822.x PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 758ON UT WOS:000290174500003 ER PT J AU Ryan, SE Dwire, KA Dixon, MK AF Ryan, Sandra E. Dwire, Kathleen A. Dixon, Mark K. TI Impacts of wildfire on runoff and sediment loads at Little Granite Creek, western Wyoming SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fire effects; Runoff; Sediment; Suspended sediment concentration; Little Granite Creek ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; DEBRIS-FLOW INITIATION; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; MOUNTAIN-CATCHMENTS; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FIRE; USA; POSTFIRE AB Baseline data on rates of sediment transport provide useful information on the inherent variability of stream processes and may be used to assess departure in channel form or process from disturbances. In August 2000, wildfire burned portions of the Little Granite Creek watershed near Bondurant, WY where bedload and suspended sediment measurements had been collected during 13 previous runoff seasons. This presented an opportunity to quantify increases in sediment loads associated with a large-scale natural disturbance. The first three years post-fire were warm and dry, with low snowpacks and few significant summer storms. Despite relatively low flows during the first runoff season, the estimated sediment load was about five times that predicted from regression of data from the pre-burn record. Increased sediment loading occurred during the rising limb and peak of snowmelt (54%) and during the few summer storms (44%). While high during the first post-fire year, total annual sediment yield decreased during the next two years, indicating an eventual return to baseline levels. The results from this sediment monitoring lacked some of the more dramatic responses that have been observed in other watersheds following fire. In other environments, moderate-to-high intensity rainstorms caused significant flooding, widespread debris flows and channel incision and aggradation. A few moderate intensity storms (< 2 year recurrence interval) occurred in the Little Granite Creek watershed, but they did not trigger this type of response. Instead, ash and charcoal rich discharges (herein described as "blackwater flows") and heavily sediment laden flows were observed without physical evidence of debris flows, as defined by channel incision into previously unchanneled areas. Speculatively, the sedimentation pattern and geomorphic response in Little Granite Creek may be fairly typical of stream responses to wildfire during times of continued drought and in the absence of widespread, significant rainfall, representing one type of response on a continuum of effects following wildfire. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ryan, Sandra E.; Dwire, Kathleen A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Dixon, Mark K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fraser, CO 80442 USA. RP Ryan, SE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM sryanburkett@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Bridger-Teton National Forest FX The study was funded by the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station and Bridger-Teton National Forest. We thank Wes Smith, Ronna Simon, Jessica Baker, and Jed Thomkins from the Bridger-Teton for logistical and field support during our tenure working at Little Granite Creek. We also thank 3 anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful and through review of the submitted manuscript and Scott Baggett for his input on the statistical content. NR 74 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 129 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.01.017 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 758VO UT WOS:000290195400010 ER PT J AU Du, E Ni, X Zhao, H Li, X AF Du, E. Ni, X. Zhao, H. Li, X. TI Natural history and intragenomic dynamics of the Transib transposon Hztransib in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa zea SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Helicoverpa spp; Hztransib; intragenomic dynamics; natural history; transposon display ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LEPIDOPTERA; ELEMENT COPY NUMBER; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; CYTOCHROME-P450 GENES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; NOCTUIDAE; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION AB Hztransib, recently identified from Helicoverpa zea, represents the first intact and transcriptionally active Transib element. Its open reading frame was detected in Helicoverpa armigera, from which H. zea evolved, and in Helicoverpa assulta, the common ancestor of H. zea and H. armigera, but its remaining parts were found only in H. armigera. Thirty-nine Hztransib insertion sites, all of which are polymorphic, were detected from eight populations of H. zea. Out of the 39 insertion sites, 35 were not frequently occupied, with 1-33 occurrences in a total of 128 individuals from the eight populations (16 larvae per population). Its copy number ranged from 5.8 to 14.2 per individual, with putative intact copies always more abundant than internally deleted ones. Taking this evidence together, Hztransib probably transferred to H. zea from H. armigera and most likely still retains its capacity to maintain structural integrity, increase copy number and remobilize in H. zea. C1 [Zhao, H.] NW A&F Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Yangling, Peoples R China. [Du, E.; Li, X.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ni, X.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. RP Li, X (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM lxc@email.arizona.edu RI Ni, Xinzhi/C-4409-2011 FU NIH [1R21AI083680-01]; China Scholarship Council FX We thank Dr Chonglie Ma for technical assistance and Dr Sufen Bai and Dr Weihua Ma for providing the H. assulta and H. armigera samples. We also thank Dr Fred Gould for kindly providing the NCSU H. zea laboratory strain. This work was supported by NIH grant 1R21AI083680-01 to X. Li and China Scholarship Council scholarship to E. Du. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 291 EP 301 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2010.01061.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 758NW UT WOS:000290172500002 PM 21166910 ER PT J AU Le Conte, Y Alaux, C Martin, JF Harbo, JR Harris, JW Dantec, C Severac, D Cros-Arteil, S Navajas, M AF Le Conte, Y. Alaux, C. Martin, J-F. Harbo, J. R. Harris, J. W. Dantec, C. Severac, D. Cros-Arteil, S. Navajas, M. TI Social immunity in honeybees (Apis mellifera): transcriptome analysis of varroa-hygienic behaviour SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE honeybee; social immunity; hygienic behaviour; Varroa; gene expression ID DISEASE-KILLED BROOD; GENE-EXPRESSION; MODULATORY COMMUNICATION; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; SENSITIVE HYGIENE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BEE BRAIN; RESISTANCE; DESTRUCTOR AB Honeybees have evolved a social immunity consisting of the cooperation of individuals to decrease disease in the hive. We identified a set of genes involved in this social immunity by analysing the brain transcriptome of highly varroa-hygienic bees, who efficiently detect and remove brood infected with the Varroa destructor mite. The function of these candidate genes does not seem to support a higher olfactory sensitivity in hygienic bees, as previously hypothesized. However, comparing their genomic profile with those from other behaviours suggests a link with brood care and the highly varroa-hygienic Africanized honeybees. These results represent a first step toward the identification of genes involved in social immunity and thus provide first insights into the evolution of social immunity. C1 [Le Conte, Y.; Alaux, C.] INRA, UMR Abeilles & Environm 406, F-84914 Avignon 9, France. [Martin, J-F.; Cros-Arteil, S.; Navajas, M.] INRA, UMR CBGP INRA IRD Cirad Montpellier SupAgro, Ctr Biol Gest Populat, Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Harbo, J. R.; Harris, J. W.] ARS, USDA, Honeybee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA USA. Univ Montpellier 2, Montpellier 05, France. [Dantec, C.; Severac, D.] Univ Montpellier 1, INSERM, Inst Genom Fonct, UMR5203 CNRS,U661, Montpellier 05, France. RP Le Conte, Y (reprint author), INRA, UMR Abeilles & Environm 406, Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon 9, France. EM leconte@avignon.inra.fr RI Alaux, Cedric/B-4667-2013; Le Conte, Yves/B-3246-2016 FU European grant for beekeeping [07-17/2004-07]; INRA (INRA SPE department) FX This work was funded by a European grant for beekeeping, FEOGA-convention 07-17/2004-07 awarded to M. Navajas and Y. Le Conte. C. Alaux was supported by an INRA young researcher position (INRA SPE department). NR 70 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 399 EP 408 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01074.x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 758NW UT WOS:000290172500012 PM 21435061 ER PT J AU Snider, JL Oosterhuis, DM Kawakami, EM AF Snider, J. L. Oosterhuis, D. M. Kawakami, E. M. TI Mechanisms of Reproductive Thermotolerance in Gossypium hirsutum: The Effect of Genotype and Exogenous Calcium Application SO JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; calcium; fertilization; Gossypium hirsutum; heat stress ID POLLEN-TUBE GROWTH; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HEAT-STRESS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; COTTON PLANTS; NADPH OXIDASE; GRAIN-SORGHUM; GERMINATION; METABOLISM; TOLERANCE AB Although photosynthetic thermotolerance has been investigated extensively in cotton leaves, reports on the biochemical influence of the pistil in promoting fertilization thermostability are limited. To evaluate the effect of temperature, genotype, and exogenous calcium application on fertilization and pistil biochemistry in cotton, thermosensitive (cv. ST4554 B2RF) and thermotolerant (cv. VH260) plants were grown under control (30/20 degrees C) or high-temperature (38/20 degrees C) conditions during flowering, and exogenous CaCl(2) was applied to flowers 1 day prior to anthesis. Measured pistil parameters included fertilization efficiency; protein concentration; glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and NADPH oxidase activities; and ATP and calcium levels. Exogenous calcium had no effect on reproductive thermostability due to poor calcium uptake under high temperature. High temperature resulted in a 19.2 % decline in fertilization efficiency for ST4554 but no change in fertilization efficiency for VH260 relative to optimal temperature conditions. Pre-stress glutathione reductase and SOD activities were higher in VH260 than ST4554 pistils, and calcium and ATP content were higher in VH260 than ST4554 pistils. It was concluded that pre-stress antioxidant enzyme activity, ATP and calcium content of the pistil may be associated with reproductive thermotolerance in cotton. These findings should be confirmed in future experiments with a larger number of cultivars. C1 [Snider, J. L.] Dale Bumpers Small Farm Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Oosterhuis, D. M.; Kawakami, E. M.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Snider, JL (reprint author), Dale Bumpers Small Farm Res Ctr, ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. EM John.Snider@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated; University of Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station FX The authors thank Cotton Incorporated and the University of Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station for partial funding of this research. In addition, we thank M. Snider, M. Quadros and D. Loka for their assistance in the laboratory and J. Stewart and S. Ahmad for providing the G. hirsutum cv. VH260 seeds used in this study. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2250 J9 J AGRON CROP SCI JI J. Agron. Crop Sci. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 197 IS 3 BP 228 EP 236 DI 10.1111/j.1439-037X.2010.00457.x PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759ER UT WOS:000290224000006 ER PT J AU Murdock, JN Dodds, WK Gido, KB Whiles, MR AF Murdock, Justin N. Dodds, Walter K. Gido, Keith B. Whiles, Matt R. TI Dynamic influences of nutrients and grazing fish on periphyton during recovery from flood SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE algae; benthic; bottom-up; disturbance; stream; top-down; mesocosm ID STREAM ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE; OXYGEN CHANGE TECHNIQUE; BENTHIC ALGAL BIOMASS; BOTTOM-UP CONTROL; PRAIRIE STREAM; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; PRODUCER BIOMASS; RESOURCE CONTROL; GRAZER CONTROL; CHLOROPHYLL-A AB Nutrients and grazers both can regulate benthic algal structure and function in streams, but the relative strength of each factor depends on stream biotic and abiotic conditions. The abundance of stream organisms and nutrient availability can change rapidly after a flood. Thus, nutrient and grazer influences on algal development and how these drivers interact may vary temporally during recovery. We measured benthic structural and functional development for 35 d after a simulated flood in large outdoor mesocosms under a gradient of 6 nutrient loadings crossed with 6 densities of grazing fish (Southern redbelly dace, Phoxinus erythrogaster). Nutrients influenced algal development more than dace did and were better correlated with algal function (area-specific primary productivity and nutrient uptake) than with structure (biomass). Dace influenced all structural variables and biomass-specific gross primary productivity, but their influence was relatively weak and was observed only early in recovery. Dace influence weakened and nutrient influence strengthened during recovery. Understanding context-dependent relationships in postdisturbance community dynamics is essential for predicting ecosystem responses to future changes in nutrient inputs and biodiversity, particularly in systems, such as headwater streams, with frequent disturbance. C1 [Murdock, Justin N.; Dodds, Walter K.; Gido, Keith B.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Whiles, Matt R.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Whiles, Matt R.] So Illinois Univ, Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Murdock, JN (reprint author), ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM justin.murdock@ars.usda.gov; wkdodds@k-state.edu; kgido@k-state.edu; mwhiles@zoology.siu.edu RI Gido, Keith/B-5151-2013 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0416126] FX We thank Jennifer Nemec and Tyler 'Choler for field assistance and laboratory analyses. Katie Bertrand, Nathan Franssen, and 3 anonymous referees provided helpful suggestions on earlier versions of our manuscript. Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation, grant DEB-0416126. This is manuscript 10-275-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 35 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 331 EP 345 DI 10.1899/10-039.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 760YQ UT WOS:000290361600001 ER PT J AU Culp, JJ Haag, WR Arrington, DA Kennedy, TB AF Culp, J. Jacob Haag, Wendell R. Arrington, D. Albrey Kennedy, Thomas B. TI Seasonal and species-specific patterns in abundance of freshwater mussel glochidia in stream drift SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE drift; glochidia; reproduction; host strategy; broadcasting; fecundity; life history; Unionidae ID REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; LIFE-HISTORY; SIPSEY RIVER; MOBILE BASIN; HOST FISHES; UNIONIDAE; BIVALVIA; VIRGINIA; ALABAMA; USA AB We examined seasonal patterns of abundance of mussel larvae (glochidia) in stream drift in a diverse, large-stream mussel assemblage in the Sipsey River, Alabama, across 1 y. We used recently developed techniques for glochidial identification combined with information about mussel fecundity and benthic assemblages to evaluate how well observed glochidial abundance corresponded to expected abundance based on glochidial production. Glochidia from short-term brooding species (Amblema plicata, Elliptio arca, Fusconaia cerina, Pleurobema decisum, Obliquaria reflexa, and Quadrula asperata) were abundant from May to August but did not occur in drift between November and the end of April. Long-term brooders (Lampsilis spp., Medionidus acutissimus, Obovaria unicolor, and Villosa spp.) occurred in several short peaks in spring, summer, and autumn, but generally were less abundant than short-term brooders. We estimated that the benthic assemblage at our study site produced >500,000 glochidia/m(2) annually and production varied widely among species. Abundance of species in the drift was positively related to benthic abundance but was only weakly related to glochidial production. The poor relationship between glochidial production and abundance in the drift suggests that release and transport of glochidia are influenced by a wide variety of abiotic and biotic factors. C1 [Culp, J. Jacob; Kennedy, Thomas B.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Haag, Wendell R.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Arrington, D. Albrey] Loxahatchee River Dist, Jupiter, FL 33458 USA. RP Culp, JJ (reprint author), Kentucky Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, 1 Sportsmans Lane, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. EM jacob.culp@ky.gov; whaag@fs.fed.us; brito_34@yahoo.com; tkennedy@tnc.org FU University of Alabama; US Forest Service Southern Research Station FX We thank the following people for their various contributions to this study: Alex Huryn, Stephen Secor, Sara Pugh, Nathan Sherrer, Dan McGarvey, Lori Valentine, Lori Tolley-Jordan, Heidi Rantala, Mike Chadwick, and Brian Ott. Susie Adams, David Strayer, Mel Warren, and 2 anonymous referees provided comments that greatly improved earlier versions of the manuscript. This study was supported by the University of Alabama, an Alabama State Wildlife Grant, and the US Forest Service Southern Research Station. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 29 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 436 EP 445 DI 10.1899/10-143.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 760YQ UT WOS:000290361600008 ER PT J AU Li, JL Johnson, SL Sobota, JB AF Li, Judith L. Johnson, Sherri L. Sobota, Janel Banks TI Three responses to small changes in stream temperature by autumn-emerging aquatic insects SO JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN BENTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE emergence; stream temperature; phenology; Paraleptophlebia; Psychoglypha; Mesocapnia; hyporheos ID SEASONAL TIME CONSTRAINTS; LIFE-HISTORY; WATER TEMPERATURE; STONEFLIES PLECOPTERA; THERMAL REGIME; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EMERGENCE; MAYFLIES; SIZE; OREGON AB In this experimental study, conducted in coastal Oregon USA, we examined how small increases in summer water temperatures affected aquatic insect growth and autumn emergence. We maintained naturally fluctuating temperatures from 2 nearby streams and a 3(rd) regime, naturally fluctuating temperatures warmed by 3-5 degrees C, in flow-through troughs from mid-summer until autumn. We added selected abundant Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera species to the 3 treatments in late July and observed emergence until early December. We described the taxon-specific responses of the caddisfly Psychoglypha bella and the mayfly Paraleptophlebia bicornuta, both of which survived well in the troughs (67-86%), and the stonefly Mesocapnia projecta, which we did not collect in mid-summer but had colonized all experimental troughs by October. We observed primarily phenological rather than morphological responses to higher water temperatures. The most synchronous emergence of male and female P. bella and P. bicornuta occurred in the trough with the coolest temperatures. Only P. bella emerged asynchronously from the trough with the warmest temperatures. The decreases in synchrony were largely the result of earlier emergence of males. Paraleptophlebia bicornuta were larger and tended towards asynchrony in the trough with water (and temperatures) from their natal stream. Individuals in the trough with the warmest temperature were smaller than individuals in other troughs, but did not emerge earlier. Mesocapnia projecta showed greater synchrony in emergence, which occurred over a shorter interval, than the other species. When exposed to increased water temperatures, autumn-emergent taxa may be most vulnerable to trade-offs between asynchronous emergence and the probabilities for finding mates in unpredictable weather conditions. C1 [Li, Judith L.; Sobota, Janel Banks] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Li, JL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM judyli@comcast.net; sherrijohnson@fs.fed.us; janel.banks@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon State University FX We thank the Oregon Hatchery Research Center for use of facilities and technical assistance by Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife staff (Ryan Couture, Joseph O'Neill, Joyce Mahr). We appreciate constructive comments from the Oregon Hatchery Research Center Advisory Committee and David L. G. Noakes, Director. We also appreciate assistance from William Gerth, Linda Ashkenas, and Kylie Meyer. We are grateful to 2 anonymous referees for their suggestions. The Watershed Research Cooperative at Oregon State University contributed funding. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 39 PU NORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0887-3593 J9 J N AM BENTHOL SOC JI J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 474 EP 484 DI 10.1899/10-024.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 760YQ UT WOS:000290361600011 ER PT J AU Taliercio, E AF Taliercio, Earl TI Characterization of an ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit gene expressed in developing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fibers SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Carbohydrate metabolism; Fiber development; Gene expression; Starch ID POSTTRANSLATIONAL REDOX-MODIFICATION; MECHANISM; TISSUES; LEAVES; ESTS AB ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPGp, EC 2.7.7.27) is a tetrameric protein composed of two small and two large subunits that catalyzes the biosynthesis of ADP-glucose from glucose-phosphate which is used to provide the glucose subunits for starch biosynthesis. A second cotton gene encoding an ADPGp small subunit has been cloned and characterized. The gene contains eight introns similar to previously reported potato and cotton ADPGp small subunit genes. The deduced translation of the gene contained a poorly conserved transit peptide and well conserved catalytic and regulatory elements typical of other plant ADPGps. The 5' end of the mRNA was cloned and sequenced to identify the transcriptional start site (TSS). The promoter region upstream of the TSS did not contain the core promoter sequence in the typical positions indicating this gene may not use a standard core promoter. Other sequence motifs associated with tissue specific expression and phytohormone response were present. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with gene specific primers identified the sites of expression of this gene. Expression was most abundant in the meristem region, and immature stem and relatively lower in starch accumulating roots demonstrating that this gene has a different pattern of expression than the previously reported cotton ADPGp small subunit gene. Additionally this gene was differentially expressed in cotton fibers. The presence of starch was confirmed in developing cotton fibers suggesting that starch metabolism plays a role in cotton fiber development. C1 ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Taliercio, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Earl.Taliercio@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS [6402-21000-029-00] FX The author thanks Pameka Johnson for excellent technical assistance and Drs. Jeff Ray and Jodi Scheffler for critical review of this manuscript. This work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS number 6402-21000-029-00. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4851 J9 MOL BIOL REP JI Mol. Biol. Rep. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 38 IS 5 BP 2967 EP 2973 DI 10.1007/s11033-010-9961-0 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 757QF UT WOS:000290102100014 PM 20140709 ER PT J AU Hill, AL Reeves, PA Larson, RL Fenwick, AL Hanson, LE Panella, L AF Hill, A. L. Reeves, P. A. Larson, R. L. Fenwick, A. L. Hanson, L. E. Panella, L. TI Genetic variability among isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from sugar beet SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beta vulgaris; fusarium yellows; genetic diversity; pathogenicity ID ROOT-ROT; BETAE; INCONGRUENCE; GENEALOGIES; RESISTANT; DISEASE AB Fusarium yellows, caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. betae (Fob), can lead to significant yield losses in sugar beet. This fungus is variable in pathogenicity, morphology, host range and symptom production, and is not a well characterized pathogen on sugar beet. From 1998 to 2003, 86 isolates of F. oxysporum and 20 other Fusarium species from sugar beet, along with four F. oxysporum isolates from dry bean and five from spinach, were obtained from diseased plants and characterized for pathogenicity to sugar beet. A group of sugar beet Fusarium isolates from different geographic areas (including nonpathogenic and pathogenic F. oxysporum, F. solani, F. proliferatum and F. avenaceum), F. oxysporum from dry bean and spinach, and Fusarium DNA from Europe were chosen for phylogenetic analysis. Sequence data from beta- tubulin, EF1 alpha and ITS DNA were used to examine whether Fusarium diversity is related to geographic origin and pathogenicity. Parsimony and Bayesian MCMC analyses of individual and combined datasets revealed no clades based on geographic origin and a single clade consisting exclusively of pathogens. The presence of FOB and nonpathogenic isolates in clades predominately made up of Fusarium species from sugar beet and other hosts indicates that F. oxysporum f. sp. betae is not monophyletic. C1 [Hill, A. L.; Panella, L.] ARS, USDA, Sugarbeet Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Reeves, P. A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Larson, R. L.] Syngenta Seeds, Longmont, CO 80501 USA. [Fenwick, A. L.] Beet Sugar Dev Fdn, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hanson, L. E.] ARS, USDA, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Hill, AL (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, 483A Kottman Hall,2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM lee.panella@ars.usda.gov FU Beet Sugar Development Foundation FX We thank R. M. Harveson (University of Nebraska), B. J. Jacobsen (Montana State University), J. J. Weiland (USDA), H. F. Schwartz (Colorado State University), C. Windels (University of Minnesota), L. du Toit (Washington State University) and B. Holtschulte (KWS Saat Ag, Einbeck) for providing fungal isolates or DNA. We thank the Beet Sugar Development Foundation for their support of this project. We also appreciate the technical support of B. Vaughn, and the helpful comments on the manuscript from H. F. Schwartz and P. Byrne. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0032-0862 EI 1365-3059 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 60 IS 3 BP 496 EP 505 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02394.x PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 758OU UT WOS:000290175300012 ER PT J AU Gao, ZQ Gao, W Chang, NB AF Gao, Zhiqiang Gao, Wei Chang, Ni-Bin TI Integrating temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI) and regional water stress index (RWSI) for drought assessment with the aid of LANDSAT TM/ETM plus images SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION LA English DT Article DE Drought assessment; Remote sensing; Urbanization effect; Urban heat island; Coastal management ID THERMAL INERTIA; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; SOIL-MOISTURE; MODIS; NDVI; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SPACE AB This paper presents a new drought assessment method by spatially and temporally integrating temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI) with regional water stress index (RWSI) based on a synergistic approach. With the aid of LANDSAT TM/ETM data, we were able to retrieve the land-use and land-cover (LULC), vegetation indices (VIs), and land surface temperature (LST), leading to the derivation of three types of modified TVDI including TVDI_SAVI, TVDI_ANDVI and TVDI_MSAVI, for drought assessment in a fast growing coastal area, Northern China. The categorical classification of four drought impact levels associated with the RWSI values enables us to refine the spatiotemporal relationship between the LST and the VIs. Holistic drought impact assessment between 1987 and 2000 was carried out by linking RWSI with TVDIs group wise. Research findings indicate that: (1) LST and VIs were negatively correlated in most cases of low, medium, and high vegetation cover except the case of high density vegetation cover in 2000 due to the effect of urban heat island (UHI) effect; (2) the shortage of water in 1987 was more salient than that that in 2000 based on all indices of TVDI and RWSI; and (3) TVDIs are more suitable for monitoring mild drought, normal and wet conditions when RWSI is smaller than 0.752; but they are not suitable for monitoring moderate and severe drought conditions. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gao, Zhiqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Chang, Ni-Bin] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Gao, ZQ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, 419 Canyon Ave,Suite 226, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM gaoland@gmail.com RI Gao, Wei/O-1208-2013; Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41071278]; National 973 Key Project of China [2010CB951603]; USDA [2006-34263-16926] FX The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41071278), the National 973 Key Project of China (2010CB951603), and the USDA CSREES Project (2006-34263-16926). NR 38 TC 27 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0303-2434 J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 495 EP 503 DI 10.1016/j.jag.2010.10.005 PG 9 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 756LD UT WOS:000290011800019 ER PT J AU Melnick, RL Suarez, C Bailey, BA Backman, PA AF Melnick, Rachel L. Suarez, Carmen Bailey, Bryan A. Backman, Paul A. TI Isolation of endophytic endospore-forming bacteria from Theobroma cacao as potential biological control agents of cacao diseases SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Theobroma cacao; Bacillus; Endophyte; Cacao; Moniliophthora; Phytophthora; ARISA ID BACILLUS-CEREUS; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; POD ROT; DIVERSITY; PATHOGEN; SPP.; EXPRESSION; SEEDLINGS; CHITIN; PLANTS AB Sixty-nine endospore-forming bacterial endophytes consisting of 15 different species from five genera were isolated from leaves, pods, branches, and flower cushions of Theobroma cacao as potential biological control agents. Sixteen isolates had in vitro chitinase production. In antagonism studies against cacao pathogens, 42% inhibited Moniliophthora roreri, 33% inhibited Moniliophthora perniciosa, and 49% inhibited Phytophthora capsici. Twenty-five percent of isolates inhibited the growth of both Moniliophthora spp., while 22% of isolates inhibited the growth of all three pathogens. Isolates that were chitinolytic and tested negative on Bacillus cereus agar were tested with in planta studies. All 14 isolates colonized the phyllosphere and internal leaf tissue when introduced with Silwet L-77, regardless of the tissue of origin of the isolate. Eight isolates significantly inhibited P. capsici lesion formation (p = 0.05) in detached leaf assays when compared to untreated control leaves. ARISA with bacilli specific primers amplified 21 OTUs in field grown cacao leaves, while eubacteria specific primers amplified 58 OTUs. ARISA analysis of treated leaves demonstrated that inundative application of a single bacterial species did not cause a long-term shift of native bacterial communities. This research illustrates the presence of endospore-forming bacterial endophytes in cacao trees, their potential as antagonists of cacao pathogens, and that cacao harbors a range of bacterial endophytes. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Melnick, Rachel L.; Bailey, Bryan A.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Melnick, Rachel L.; Backman, Paul A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Suarez, Carmen] Inst Nacl Autonomo Invest Agropecuarias, Estn Expt Trop, Pichilingue, Prov Los Rios, Ecuador. RP Melnick, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,BARC W,BLDG 001,Room 310, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rachel.melnick@ars.usda.gov; carmen.suarez@i-niap.gob.ec; bryan.bailey@ars.usda.gov; pbackman@psu.edu RI Melnick, Rachel/B-1719-2013 OI Melnick, Rachel/0000-0002-5113-2551 FU USAID FX This work was supported by USAID's IPM-CRSP and SANREM-CRSP. The authors thank the laboratory of Dr. Mark Guiltinan and Dr. Siela Maximova for providing rooted cuttings. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 36 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUN PY 2011 VL 57 IS 3 BP 236 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.03.005 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 753LP UT WOS:000289775500010 ER PT J AU Wall, GW Kimball, BA White, JW Ottman, MJ AF Wall, Gerard W. Kimball, Bruce A. White, Jeffrey W. Ottman, Michael J. TI Gas exchange and water relations of spring wheat under full-season infrared warming SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; global change; infrared radiation; net assimilation rate; stomatal conductance; supplemental temperature; water stress; wheat (Triticum aestivum L; ) ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRESS; GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH; CO2 ENRICHMENT FACE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HEAT-STRESS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; THERMOCOUPLE PSYCHROMETER; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; REPRODUCTIVE GROWTH AB Gas exchange and water relations were evaluated under full-season in situ infrared (IR) warming for hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yecora Rojo) grown in an open field in a semiarid desert region of the southwest USA. A temperature free-air controlled enhancement (T-FACE) apparatus utilizing IR heaters maintained canopy air temperature above 3.0 m Heated plots of wheat by 1.3 and 2.7 degrees C (0.2 and 0.3 degrees C below the targeted set-points of Reference plots with dummy heaters) during daytime and nighttime, respectively. Control plots had no apparatus. Every 6 weeks during 2007-2009 wheat was sown under the three warming treatments (i.e., Control, Heated, Reference) in three replicates in a 3 x 3 Latin square (LSQ) design on six plantings during 4 months (i.e., January, March, September, December), or in a natural temperature variation treatment (i.e., Control) in three replicates in a randomized complete block (RCB) design on nine plantings during 7 months (i.e., January, February, April, June, July, August, October). Soil temperature (T-s) and volumetric soil-water content (theta(s)) were 1.3 degrees C warmer and 14% lower in Heated compared with Reference plots, respectively. Other than a 1% shading effect, no artifacts on gas exchange or water relations were associated with the IR warming apparatus. IR warming increased carbon gain characteristic of an increase in metabolic rates to higher temperature that may have been attributed to the well-watered wheat crop and the supplemental irrigation that minimized plant-to-air water vapor pressure differences between IR-warmed and nonwarmed plots. Nevertheless, seasonal oscillations in the IR warming response on carbon gain occurred. IR warming decreased leaf water status and provided thermal protection during freeze events. IR warming is an effective experimental methodology to investigate the impact of global climate change on agronomic cropping and natural ecosystems to a wide range of natural and artificially imposed air temperatures. C1 [Wall, Gerard W.; Kimball, Bruce A.; White, Jeffrey W.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Ottman, Michael J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Wall, GW (reprint author), ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM gary.wall@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. We also acknowledge the helpful cooperation of Dr Robert Roth and his staff at the Maricopa Agricultural Center. Technical assistance by Charles Blackshear, Matt Conley, Steve Farnsworth, Justin Laughridge, Laura M. Olivieri and Dr Zahra Troeh is appreciated. A special thank you is given to Laura M. Olivieri who prepared the figures and to Dr Richard L. Garcia, Li-Cor Biosciences, who provided the soil CO2 efflux instrumentation. NR 90 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 9 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 2113 EP 2133 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02399.x PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 751TV UT WOS:000289641400009 ER PT J AU Britz, SJ Schomburg, CJ Kenworthy, WJ AF Britz, Steven J. Schomburg, Charlotte J. Kenworthy, William J. TI Isoflavones in Seeds of Field-Grown Soybean: Variation Among Genetic Lines and Environmental Effects SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Isoflavone; Genistein; Daidzein; Glycitein; Glycine max; Soybean; Maryland; Weather; Climate; Global change ID GLYCINE-MAX L.; SOY ISOFLAVONE; TEMPERATURE; EXTRACTION; GLYCITEIN; ACCUMULATION; IRRIGATION; HEALTH; CANCER; LEVEL AB This study was undertaken to determine how seed isoflavones from soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] lines differing in their maturity group, change between locations and years with different weather conditions. Seeds from 15 lines representing four maturity groups grown at three locations in Maryland (full season at all three and double crop at one location) were analyzed from 2001 to 2002, representing one relatively normal and one warm and dry year, respectively. Comparing lines, total isoflavones averaged for both years and all locations/planting dates ranged between 4.7 mu mol [g seed dry matter (SDM)](-1) in MD95-5358 and 8.7 mu mol (g SDM)(-1) in Stressland. Isoflavones were reduced by about 50% in early maturing soybean lines in 2002 compared to 2001 under warmer conditions on the Eastern Shore of Maryland but not in the cooler central Maryland location. Isoflavones were not affected consistently or to a large extent in later maturity lines at any location or planting date combination. Relative changes in genistein, daidzein, and total isoflavones were similar to each other, whereas glycitein was much more variable. The results suggest that early maturing soybean lines are more likely to be affected by changes in temperature and precipitation. C1 [Britz, Steven J.; Schomburg, Charlotte J.] USDA, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kenworthy, William J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Britz, SJ (reprint author), USDA, Food Components & Hlth Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Room 214,Bldg 307B,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM steven.britz@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 6 BP 827 EP 832 DI 10.1007/s11746-010-1723-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 753AH UT WOS:000289736100011 ER PT J AU Maul, P McCollum, G Guy, CL Porat, R AF Maul, Pilar McCollum, Greg Guy, Charles L. Porat, Ron TI Temperature conditioning alters transcript abundance of genes related to chilling stress in 'Marsh' grapefruit flavedo SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chilling; Conditioning; Grapefruit; Flavedo; Transcript abundance ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; CITRUS-FRUIT; GALACTINOL SYNTHASE; MANDARIN FRUITS; MOLECULAR RESPONSES; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; HEAT; EXPRESSION; TOLERANCE; INJURY AB Grapefruit (Citrus x paradisi) develop symptoms of chilling injury (CI) if held at temperatures below about 10 degrees C. Conditioning grapefruit at a low, but non-chilling (16 degrees C) temperature prior to storage at a chilling temperature reduces the development of Cl symptoms. Changes in transcript abundance for a number of genes have been correlated with chilling stress in citrus fruit. We tested the hypothesis that conditioning affects transcript abundance of genes related to chilling stress in grapefruit. Grapefruit were harvested from a commercial grove in Florida in September and divided into two groups; one group was placed immediately at 5 degrees C (non-conditioned, NC); the second group was placed at 16 degrees C for 1 week (conditioned. C) and then transferred to 5 degrees C. Symptoms of Cl were visible on NC and C fruit following 14 d at 5 degrees C, but were consistently more severe on NC than C fruit. Storage at 5 degrees C caused increases in abundance of transcripts for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO), galactinol synthase, a chilling-induced oxygenase, and a temperature-induced lipocalin, consistent with previous reports. Levels of these transcripts were lower in C than in NC fruit during storage at 5 degrees C, but this pattern did not persist following transfer to 20 degrees C. Levels of transcripts for catalase, a metallothionein-like protein, a lipid transfer protein, a stress-responsive zinc finger protein, and a citrus low temperature inducible protein were consistently higher in C than NC fruit during storage at 5 degrees C. Our results show that conditioning increases chilling tolerance in grapefruit and demonstrates that abundance of transcripts of a number of genes related to chilling stress is affected by conditioning. This suggests a potential quantitative relationship between gene expression and conditioning induced chilling tolerance. We cannot say, however, that these changes are related to chilling tolerance per se; they may only reflect the difference between chilling-sensitive and chilling-tolerant fruit. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Maul, Pilar; McCollum, Greg] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Maul, Pilar; Guy, Charles L.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Hort, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Porat, Ron] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP McCollum, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USHRL, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM greg.mccollum@ars.usda.gov FU United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Research [IS-3499-03R] FX This research was supported by the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) Research Grant No. IS-3499-03R. The authors wish to thank Ms. Joanne Hodges and Mr. Jerry Mozoruk for technical assistance, and Dr. Phat Dang for DNA sequencing. NR 58 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 60 IS 3 BP 177 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.06.007 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 747SA UT WOS:000289338500001 ER PT J AU Rawles, SD Thompson, KR Brady, YJ Metts, LS Aksoy, MY Gannam, AL Twibell, RG Ostrand, S Webster, CD AF Rawles, S. D. Thompson, K. R. Brady, Y. J. Metts, L. S. Aksoy, M. Y. Gannam, A. L. Twibell, R. G. Ostrand, S. Webster, C. D. TI Effects of replacing fish meal with poultry by-product meal and soybean meal and reduced protein level on the performance and immune status of pond-grown sunshine bass (Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis) SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE immune function; menhaden fish meal replacement; Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis; protein; sunshine bass ID HYBRID STRIPED BASS; DIETARY LYSINE REQUIREMENT; AMINO-ACID REQUIREMENT; BODY-COMPOSITION; PRACTICAL DIETS; TOTAL REPLACEMENT; CHANNEL CATFISH; HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; MICROPTERUS-SALMOIDES; TISSUE COMPOSITION AB Two primary ways to achieve low-cost, nutritionally efficacious diets for sunshine bass (Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis) are to decrease crude protein (CP) levels and the use alternative animal or plant ingredients to partially, or totally, replace fish meal. A 459-day feeding trial was conducted with juvenile (35 g) sunshine bass to evaluate growth, feed efficiency, size distribution at harvest, immune function status and body composition when fed diets containing soybean meal (SBM), feed-grade poultry by-product meal (PBM), and supplemental methionine as complete replacements for menhaden fish meal (MFM) at 300 g kg(-1) diet, while simultaneously reducing dietary crude protein (CP; 320, 360, and 400 g kg(-1)). The feeding trial was conducted in 12, 0.04-ha earthen ponds stocked at a rate of 300 per pond (3000/ac). At 400 g kg(-1) dietary protein, there were no differences in responses between fish fed the diet containing MFM or the diet in which MFM was completely replaced with PBM and supplemental methionine on a digestible protein basis. However, final mean weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio were linearly related (P < 0.10) to dietary protein level in the diets while no significant differences were found in feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The expected odds of fish at harvest being classified into larger size categories (> 680 g) decreased as dietary protein level decreased based on ordinal logistic regression. There were no significant relationships between body compositional indices and dietary treatments. Body fat ranged from 56 g kg(-1) to 62 g kg(-1), single fillets ranged from 28% to 30%, and livers ranged from 2.45% to 2.62% of body weight across treatments. Fillet protein concentration was positively linear and quadratic for protein level in the diet but fillet moisture, lipid and ash did not differ among diets. Total serum protein, immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity decreased linearly with decreasing diet protein level. These results suggest that complete replacement of MFM with feed grade PBM and supplemental methionine is possible in diets for sunshine bass and that further reductions in dietary protein level may be possible with amino acid supplementation. C1 [Thompson, K. R.; Metts, L. S.; Webster, C. D.] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Rawles, S. D.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Brady, Y. J.] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Aksoy, M. Y.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL USA. RP Webster, CD (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. EM cwebster@dcr.net FU Kentucky Soybean Board; USDA [KYX-80-09-18A] FX The authors thank N. Ann, K.C., K.N. Dee, B.R. Lee, E.M. Maa, Cathy Rhin, B. Rett, M.S. Tee, D.R. Wynne and Sam Wise for technical assistance; Siddartha Dasgupta for guidance in statistical analysis; Travis Bailey, Leigh Ann Bright, Nathan Bussen, Shakiyla Collins, Shawn Coyle, Pauline Jackson, Robert Janes, Russel Neal, Andy Redden, Kyle Schneider, Re'Gia Smith, Kim Trosvik, David Wood, and Daniel Yancey for help in feeding, harvesting, and processing of fish; and Chhorn Lim for the use of his laboratory in conducting the immunological analyses. This research project was partially funded by a grant from the Kentucky Soybean Board, a USDA 1890 Institution Capacity Building Grant, and a USDA grant under agreement KYX-80-09-18A to Kentucky State University. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1353-5773 J9 AQUACULT NUTR JI Aquac. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP E708 EP E721 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2010.00831.x PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 744TX UT WOS:000289118500005 ER PT J AU Boe, A Gagne, RJ AF Boe, Arvid Gagne, Raymond J. TI A New Species of Gall Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Infesting Switchgrass in the Northern Great Plains SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Cecidomyiidae; Chilophaga virgati; Diptera; Gall midge; Infestation rate ID BIOFUELS; SYMPTOMS AB A new species of gall midge, Chilophaga virgati Gagn, (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), collected from tillers of switchgrass at Brookings, South Dakota (44.31134A degrees N, 96.78374A degrees W) is described here. Plant morphological symptoms of infestation and frequency of tillers infested are also provided. Full-grown larvae of C. virgati were found inside the sheath of the flag leaf of reproductive tillers of clonally replicated spaced plants of a selected southern upland population of switchgrass during October 2008 and 2009. Infested tillers were shorter and lighter than normal tillers and had panicles that were partially encased in the sheath of the flag leaf due to reduced elongation of the peduncle as a result of the feeding of larvae of C. virgati at the proximal end of the panicle and in the intercalary meristem area of the peduncle. Variation was found among 10 genotypes for percentage of tillers infested by C. virgati, with a range from 7.2% to 21.8%. No difference was found between years for infestation rate (12.7% in 2008 and 14.3% in 2009). The mass of infested tillers was 35% that of normal tillers, and infested tillers produced no appreciable amount of viable seeds. Results of this research revealed that C. virgati had direct negative impacts on biomass and seed production in spaced plant nurseries of switchgrass. C. virgati was also observed in seeded swards of northern upland switchgrass cultivars, but its impact in seeded swards has not yet been determined. C1 [Boe, Arvid] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Gagne, Raymond J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,US Natl Museum NHB 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Boe, A (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, SNP 244A,Box 2140C, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM arvid.boe@sdstate.edu; raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov FU breeding program FX We thank P. Malikul, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, for making the slide preparations, Scott D. Whittaker, SEM Laboratory Manager, NHB, Smithsonian Institution, for assistance with the scanning electron microscope, Diana Marques for electronically arranging the photos and drawings onto plates, Netta Dorchin, Curator, Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany, for her review of the manuscript and noticing the bulges on the pupal frons; and, for their comments on drafts of the manuscript, Allen L. Norrbom and Natalia Vandenberg, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington, DC, and the anonymous reviewers. We also thank Ceres, Inc. and Cory Christensen, Switchgrass Product Manager, for sponsoring the breeding program that evaluated the switchgrass genotypes in this study. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1007/s12155-010-9102-6 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 746KU UT WOS:000289246400001 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP Dien, BS Jung, HG Casler, MD Masterson, SD Mitchell, RB AF Vogel, Kenneth P. Dien, Bruce S. Jung, Hans G. Casler, Michael D. Masterson, Steven D. Mitchell, Robert B. TI Quantifying Actual and Theoretical Ethanol Yields for Switchgrass Strains Using NIRS Analyses SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass; Biomass; Ethanol; NIRS; Quality ID CORN; SPECTROSCOPY; MANAGEMENT; ALFALFA; LIGNIN AB Quantifying actual and theoretical ethanol yields from biomass conversion processes such as simultanteous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) requires expensive, complex fermentation assays, and extensive compositional analyses of the biomass sample. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-destructive technology that can be used to obtain rapid, low-cost, high-throughput, and accurate estimates of agricultural product composition. In this study, broad-based NIRS calibrations were developed for switchgrass biomass that can be used to estimate over 20 components including cell wall and soluble sugars and also ethanol production and pentose sugars released as measured using a laboratory SSF procedure. With this information, an additional 13 complex feedstock traits can be determined including theoretical and actual ethanol yields from hexose fermentation. The NIRS calibrations were used to estimate feedstock composition and conversion information for biomass samples from a multi-year switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) biomass cultivar evaluation trial. There were significant differences among switchgrass strains for all biomass conversion and composition traits including actual ethanol yields, ETOHL (L Mg(-1)) and theoretical ethanol yields, ETOHTL (L Mg(-1)), based on cell wall and non-cell wall composition NIRS analyses. ETOHL means ranged from 98 to 115 L Mg(-1) while ETOHTL means ranged from 203 to 222 L Mg(-1). Because of differences in both biomass yields and conversion efficiency, there were significant differences among strains for both actual (2,534-3,720 L ha(-1)) and theoretical (4,878-7,888 L ha(-1)) ethanol production per hectare. It should be feasible to improve ethanol yields per hectare by improving both biomass yield and conversion efficiency by using NIRS analyses to quantify differences among cultivars and management practices. C1 [Vogel, Kenneth P.; Masterson, Steven D.; Mitchell, Robert B.] Univ Nebraska, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Dien, Bruce S.] USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Jung, Hans G.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Casler, Michael D.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA ARS, 137 Keim Hall,POB 830937, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Ken.Vogel@ars.usda.gov OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 NR 35 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 96 EP 110 DI 10.1007/s12155-010-9104-4 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 746KU UT WOS:000289246400003 ER PT J AU Saathoff, AJ Tobias, CM Sattler, SE Haas, EJ Twigg, P Sarath, G AF Saathoff, Aaron J. Tobias, Christian M. Sattler, Scott E. Haas, Eric J. Twigg, Paul Sarath, Gautam TI Switchgrass Contains Two Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenases Involved in Lignin Formation SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase; Internodes; Panicum virgatum L.; Proteomic identification; Recombinant enzyme characterization; Tillers; Switchgrass ID MEDICAGO-SATIVA L.; CELL-WALL; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; COA REDUCTASE; BIOSYNTHESIS; PURIFICATION; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION; SORGHUM AB Lignin content of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a bioenergy species, is a critical determinant of biomass quality since it can negatively impact conversion of biomass into liquid fuels via biochemical platforms. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis. Here, we have shown that cv. Kanlow switchgrass contains at least two closely related CAD genes (PviCAD1 and PviCAD2) that code for proteins containing highly conserved domains and residues that identify them as bona fide CADs. Both recombinant proteins displayed substrate kinetics consistent with their presumed role in cell wall lignification. Proteomic and immunoblotting detected CAD containing spots in internode protein extracts, and proteomic analyses demonstrated that both CADs were expressed. In planta CAD activity, CAD protein levels were observed at all stages of tiller development. A real-time qPCR analysis of the two CADs and one CAD-like sequence indicated that transcripts coding for PviCAD1 were present in greater abundance than those coding for PviCAD2. Transcripts for a third CAD-like sequence (PviAroADH) were present at intermediate levels as compared to PviCAD1 and CAD2. The predicted protein sequence of PviAroADH indicated that it was an enzyme unrelated to lignification based on phylogenetic and protein modeling data. C1 [Saathoff, Aaron J.; Sattler, Scott E.; Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Saathoff, Aaron J.; Sattler, Scott E.; Sarath, Gautam] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tobias, Christian M.] USDA ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Haas, Eric J.] Creighton Univ, Dept Chem, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Twigg, Paul] Univ Nebraska Kearney, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA. RP Sarath, G (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA ARS, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Gautam.Sarath@ars.usda.gov RI Tobias, Christian/B-6602-2009 OI Tobias, Christian/0000-0002-7881-750X FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5440-21000-028-00D]; Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-AI02-09ER64829] FX This work was supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 5440-21000-028-00D and in part by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy grant number DE-AI02-09ER64829. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 56 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 120 EP 133 DI 10.1007/s12155-010-9106-2 PG 14 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 746KU UT WOS:000289246400005 ER PT J AU Zhang, YJ He, HS Shifley, SR Yang, JA Palik, BJ AF Zhang, Yangiian He, Hong S. Shifley, Stephen R. Yang, Jian Palik, Brian J. TI Evaluating the effects of alternative forest management plans under various physiographic settings using historical records as a reference SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE GLO data; LANDIS; Management plan; Physiographic settings ID LANDSCAPE PATTERN; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; UNITED-STATES; FIRE; CLASSIFICATION; DISTURBANCE; VEGETATION; LEVEL; USA AB Using historical General Land Office record as a reference, this study employed a landscape-scale disturbance and succession model to estimate the future cumulative effects of six alternative management plans on the tree species composition for various physiographic settings for the Mark Twain National Forest in Missouri. The results indicate that over a 200-year horizon, the relative abundance of black oak and pine species groups will decrease and the relative abundance of the white oak species group will increase, regardless of management strategy. General Land Office witness tree records provide a measure of tree species composition in the period from 1800 to 1850, prior to the large-scale influx of European settlers. Compared to the tree species composition described in the General Land Office records, the six contemporary management alternatives considered all would lead to a lower abundance of pine species, a higher abundance of red/black oak species, and a slightly higher abundance of white oak species after 200 years. Impacts of management on tree species composition varied with physiographic settings. The projected relative abundance of pine differed significantly across the five physiographic classes over the first 40 years of the simulation. In the medium term (simulation years 41-100) the projected relative pine abundance differed significantly among only four physiographic classes. In the long term (simulation years 100-200) the projected relative pine abundance differed for only one physiographic class. In contrast, differences among physiographic classes in the relative abundance of black oaks and white oaks increased over time. In general, the expected long-term differences in relative tree species abundance among six proposed alternative management plans are small compared to shifts in tree species composition that have occurred from 1850 to the present. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Yangiian] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [He, Hong S.; Yang, Jian] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Shifley, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Zhang, YJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM zhangyangjian@yahoo.com; heh@missouri.edu; sshifley@fs.fed.us; jym6b@missouri.edu; bpalik@fs.fed.us RI Yang, Jian/H-3169-2011; Zhang, Yangjian/D-1012-2014; OI Yang, Jian/0000-0002-2170-589X; He, Hong S./0000-0002-3983-2512 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 92 IS 6 BP 1618 EP 1627 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.01.021 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 745AT UT WOS:000289137000021 PM 21324582 ER PT J AU Ezzati, S Najafi, A Durston, T AF Ezzati, Sattar Najafi, Akbar Durston, Tom TI Impact of animal logging on soil physical properties in mule trail in Hyrcanian forests SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Mule logging; Soil disturbance; Animal skidding AB The paper investigates the effects of mule logging, including traffic volume and slope, on topsoil physical properties. A downhill mule trail is studied in the Hyrcanian forests of northern Iran. Treatment plots include combinations of primary, secondary and tertiary mule trails over gentle and steep terrain. The results showed that significant differences bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity and void ratio between the mule trail segments and the undisturbed area. Also significant differences are found between gentle and steep slopes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ezzati, Sattar; Najafi, Akbar] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Dept Forestry, Noor, Mazandaran Prov, Iran. [Durston, Tom] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Najafi, A (reprint author), Tarbiat Modares Univ, Dept Forestry, Noor, Mazandaran Prov, Iran. EM a.najafi@modares.ac.ir OI Najafi, Akbar/0000-0003-1065-4641 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 16 IS 4 BP 316 EP 320 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2011.01.013 PG 5 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 745QS UT WOS:000289181300007 ER PT J AU Bingol, G Yang, JH Brandl, MT Pan, ZL Wang, H McHugh, TH AF Bingol, Gokhan Yang, Jihong Brandl, Maria T. Pan, Zhongli Wang, Hua McHugh, Tara H. TI Infrared pasteurization of raw almonds SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Almond; Color; Salmonella; Pediococcus; Sensory ID SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; HEAT-RESISTANCE; WATER ACTIVITY; COLOR; INACTIVATION; TYPHIMURIUM; HAZELNUTS; SURVIVAL; MOISTURE; KINETICS AB Due to outbreaks of salmonellosis associated with whole raw almonds, an infrared (IR) pasteurization process was investigated for its efficacy in improving the safety of raw almonds. After almonds were heated to 100, 110 and 120 degrees C with IR, they were cooled at ambient temperature to a holding temperature of 70, 80 or 90 degrees C before being transferred to a custom-designed holding device for different time periods up to 60 min. We observed that holding almonds at 90 degrees C for 10-15 min reduced the Pediococcus population size by more than 5-log and holding at 80 degrees C for longer than 22 min provided more than 4-log reduction, thus satisfying the targeted 4-log reduction required in the almond industry. The L*a*b* color values of whole almonds were not affected significantly (P > 0.05) by the IR process whereas the a* and b* color values of ground almonds changed significantly (P < 0.05). The sensory panel did not detect any significant difference (P > 0.01) in appearance, texture, flavor and overall quality of pasteurized almonds compared with untreated samples. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bingol, Gokhan; Pan, Zhongli; McHugh, Tara H.] ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Yang, Jihong; Wang, Hua] NW A&F Univ, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Yang, Jihong; Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brandl, Maria T.] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), ARS, Proc Foods Res Unit, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM zlpan@ucdavis.edu FU Almond Board of California; US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service CRIS [5325-42000-044-00D, 5325-4100-060-00D] FX We thank Donald Olson for technical support in construction of the almond holder, and Rebecca Milczarek and Wen-Xian Du for their assistance in sensory analysis. This study was supported by the Almond Board of California and the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service CRIS projects 5325-42000-044-00D and 5325-4100-060-00D. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 387 EP 393 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.12.034 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 743LZ UT WOS:000289021100009 ER PT J AU Li, H Lascano, RJ AF Li, Hong Lascano, Robert J. TI Deficit irrigation for enhancing sustainable water use: Comparison of cotton nitrogen uptake and prediction of lint yield in a multivariate autoregressive state-space model SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Alfisoils; Cotton water stress; Deficit irrigation; Field landscape attributes; Cotton plant-water relations; Reflectance water index ID DROUGHT; STRESS; RESPONSES AB Deficit irrigation is an optimization strategy for achieving sustainability of irrigated crop production. A field-study of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) response to a limited water supply was conducted in an Alfisol in the southern High Plains of Texas. The objectives were to investigate cotton N uptake, canopy temperature, plant spectral index and lint yield variation under deficit irrigation and to provide information for enhancing sustainability of the water resources and Alfisols in the semi-arid environment. The experimental treatments were two deficit-irrigation levels at 50% and 75% of cotton evapotranspiration (ET). Plant and soil variables were measured 15 m apart along the center-pivot irrigation circles. The results show that cotton plants under the 50%-ET deficit irrigation level were 21% more water stressed (P < 0.05) based on the reflectance water index ratio. The 50%-ET irrigation resulted in a 25% lint yield loss with a 33% water saving compared to the higher irrigation level (75%-ET). Plant reflectance, canopy temperature, total N uptake and lint yield were correlated with normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI), soil water content (SWC), soil NO(3)-N concentrations and elevation (-0.69 < r < 0.72, P < 0.05, respectively). Future cotton lint yield is weighted on NDVI and water variation, quantified in a multivariate autoregressive state-space model. Increases in plant reflectance in the water band are signs of early plant water stress. Compared to the 12-year regional cotton lint yield obtained with full irrigation, the 75%-ET deficit irrigation would be agronomical, economical efficient in Alfisoils with only 7.8% of lint-yield loss from water stress but 25% of water saving for sustainable water use. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Hong] Texas A&M Univ, Lubbock, TX USA. [Lascano, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Li, H (reprint author), Nova Scotia Agr Coll, Dept Plant & Anim Sci, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. EM hli@nsac.ca FU Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System FX We thank Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M University System for support for this study. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 71 IS 2 BP 224 EP 231 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2010.12.007 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 739OR UT WOS:000288728000014 ER PT J AU Hirabayashi, S Kroll, CN Nowak, DJ AF Hirabayashi, Satoshi Kroll, Charles N. Nowak, David J. TI Component-based development and sensitivity analyses of an air pollutant dry deposition model SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Air pollutant; Dry deposition; Component-based model; UFORE; Sensitivity analysis ID WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; SCALING CARBON-DIOXIDE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; ENVIRONMENTAL-MODELS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; SOLAR-RADIATION; NORTH-AMERICA AB The Urban Forest Effects-Deposition model (UFORE-D) was developed with a component-based modeling approach. Functions of the model were separated into components that are responsible for user interface, data input/output, and core model functions. Taking advantage of the component-based approach, three UFORE-D applications were developed: a base application to estimate dry deposition at an hourly time step, and two sensitivity analyses based on Monte Carlo simulations with a Latin hypercube sampling (LHS-MC) and a Morris one-at-a-time (MOAT) sensitivity test. With the base application, dry deposition of CO, NO2, O-3, PM10, and SO2 in the city of Baltimore was estimated for 2005. The sensitivity applications were performed to examine UFORE-D model parameter sensitivity. In general, dry deposition velocity was sensitive to temperature and leaf area index (LAI). Temperature had a non-linear effect on all pollutants, while LAI was important to NO2 deposition with a nearly linear effect. PAR and wind speed had limited effects on dry deposition of all pollutants; dry deposition was affected by PAR and wind speed only up to their threshold values. The component-based approach allows for seamless integration of new model elements, and provides model developers with a platform to easily interchange model components. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kroll, Charles N.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Hirabayashi, Satoshi] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Davey Tree Expert Co, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Nowak, David J.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, US Forest Serv, NE Res Stn, USDA, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Kroll, CN (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, 1 Forestry Dr,402 Baker Lab, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM satoshi.hirabayashi@davey.com; cnkroll@esf.edu; dnowak@fs.fed.us NR 87 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 26 IS 6 BP 804 EP 816 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.11.007 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 737QP UT WOS:000288583600012 ER PT J AU Puangsombat, K Gadgil, P Houser, TA Hunt, MC Smith, JS AF Puangsombat, Kanithaporn Gadgil, Priyadarshini Houser, Terry A. Hunt, Melvin C. Smith, J. Scott TI Heterocyclic amine content in commercial ready to eat meat products SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Heterocyclic amines; Ready-to-eat meat; Hot dogs; Deli meat products; Bacon; Rotisserie chicken ID FRIED BEEF PATTIES; AROMATIC-AMINES; MODEL SYSTEM; ANTIOXIDANTS; EXTRACTS; BEEFBURGERS; INHIBITION; MARINADES; ROSEMARY; STEAKS AB Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are produced in meats cooked at high temperature, which are potent mutagens and a risk factor for human cancers. The aim of this study was to estimate the amount of HCAs in some commonly consumed ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products. The RTE products were purchased from a local grocery store, and HCA were analyzed using an analytical method based on solid-phase extraction followed by HPLC. The primary HCAs in these samples were PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine) (not detected-7.9 ng/g) and MelQx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline) (not detected-3.6 ng/g). Products ranked in order of increasing total HCA content: pepperoni (0.05 ng/g) < hot dogs and deli meat products (0.5 ng/g) < fully cooked bacon (1.1 ng/g) < rotisserie chicken meat (1.9 ng/g) < rotisserie chicken skin (163 ng/g). We believed that cooking conditions and ingredients influenced the level of HCAs in these RTE products and concluded that consumption of RTE meat products contributes very little to HCA intake. Results from this study can be used in risk assessment study to estimate human exposure to HCAs due to food consumption. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Houser, Terry A.; Hunt, Melvin C.; Smith, J. Scott] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Puangsombat, Kanithaporn] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agroind, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [Gadgil, Priyadarshini] ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Smith, JS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, 208 Call Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jsschem@ksu.edu FU Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service; United State Department of Agriculture [93-34211-836]; American Meat Institute Foundation; National Pork Board Checkoff FX The research was supported in part by the Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service, United State Department of Agriculture, under Agreement no.93-34211-836, the American Meat Institute Foundation, and National Pork Board Checkoff. This is contribution no.10-386-J by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 2 BP 227 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.12.025 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 738HF UT WOS:000288630200003 PM 21242037 ER PT J AU Chen, XP Wang, ML Holbrook, C Culbreath, A Liang, XQ Brenneman, T Guo, BZ AF Chen, Xiaoping Wang, Ming Li Holbrook, Corley Culbreath, Albert Liang, Xuanqiang Brenneman, Tim Guo, Baozhu TI Identification and Characterization of a Multigene Family Encoding Germin-Like Proteins in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Peanut; GLP family; Superoxide dismutase; Oxalate oxidase; Disease resistance ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ACTIVITY; BARLEY OXALATE OXIDASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI CYTOPLASM; POWDERY MILDEW FUNGUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PICHIA-PASTORIS; DISULFIDE BONDS; WHEAT; RESISTANCE AB Germin-like proteins (GLPs) play diversified roles in plant development and defense response. Here, we identified 36 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) encoding GLPs from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). After assembly, these ESTs were integrated into eight unigenes named AhGLP1 to AhGLP8, of which, three (AhGLP1-3) were comprised 14, ten, and seven EST clones, respectively, whereas the remaining ones were associated with one single clone. The length of the deduced amino acid (AA) residues ranged from 208 to 223 AAs except for AhGLP6 and AhGLP8, which were incomplete at the carboxyl terminus. All of the AhGLPs contained a possible N-terminal signal peptide that was 17 to 24 residues in length excluding AhGLP7, where there is likely a non-cleavable amino terminus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these AhGLPs were classified into three subfamilies. Southern blot analysis indicated that AhGLP1 and AhGLP2 likely have multiple copies in the peanut genome. The recombinant mature AhGLP1 and AhGLP2 proteins were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified AhGLP2 has superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in enzymatic assay, but not oxalate oxidase activity. The SOD activity of AhGLP2 was stable up to 70A degrees C and resistant to hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that AhGLP2 might be a manganese-containing SOD. Furthermore, AhGLP2 could confer E. coli resistance to oxidative damage caused by paraquat, suggesting that the AhGLP2 likely protects peanut plants from reactive oxygen metabolites. Thus, information provided in this study indicates the diverse nature of the peanut GLP family and suggests that some of AhGLPs might be involved in plant defense response. C1 [Guo, Baozhu] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Holbrook, Corley] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Wang, Ming Li] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chen, Xiaoping; Liang, Xuanqiang] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Crops Res Inst, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xiaoping; Culbreath, Albert; Brenneman, Tim] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov FU China National Natural Science Foundation [30971819]; US Department of Agriculture-Foreign Agricultural Service between US and China; Peanut Foundation; Georgia Peanut Commission FX The technical assistance of Dr. Zhangying Wang, William Wilson, Jake Fountain, and Thomas An in the laboratory and fields are gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported partially by a grant from China National Natural Science Foundation (No. 30971819) and by Scientific Cooperation Research Program of US Department of Agriculture-Foreign Agricultural Service between US and China, and The Peanut Foundation, and The Georgia Peanut Commission. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 66 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 29 IS 2 BP 389 EP 403 DI 10.1007/s11105-010-0237-6 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 739JE UT WOS:000288712400013 ER PT J AU Gao, J Liu, Y Huang, Y Lin, ZQ Banuelos, GS Lam, MHW Yin, XB AF Gao, Jing Liu, Ying Huang, Yang Lin, Zhi-qing Banuelos, Gary S. Lam, Michael Hon-Wah Yin, Xuebin TI Daily selenium intake in a moderate selenium deficiency area of Suzhou, China SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Selenium; Daily intake; Deficiency; Hair; HG-AFS ID HUMAN HEALTH; POPULATION; DIETS AB In this study the daily dietary Selenium (Se) intake in Suzhou was investigated to determine whether residents in such a developed region were susceptible to moderate Se deficiency. Concentrations of Se in typically consumed foods in Suzhou were determined. Based on food Se content and the daily per capita consumption, the estimated Se intake in Suzhou was 43.9 +/- 3.8 mu g day(-1). The results revealed that pork and cereals were the major sources of Se daily intake and contributed 24.7% and 22.6% to the daily Se intake, respectively. The Se content in hair of local residents was 389.9 +/- 103.6 mu g kg(-1) for male and 322.9 +/- 101.8 mu g kg(-1) for female. A significant linear correlation between the daily Se intake and the hair Se concentration was established. The hair Se concentration could be used to bioindicate the level of Se intake for longer period. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Jing; Huang, Yang; Yin, Xuebin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Gao, Jing; Huang, Yang; Yin, Xuebin] Univ Sci & Technol China, Suzhou Inst Adv Study, Suzhou Key Lab Selenium & Human Hlth, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China. [Liu, Ying; Lam, Michael Hon-Wah] City Univ Hong Kong, Univ Sci & Technol China, Joint Adv Res Ctr, Adv Lab Environm Res & Technol, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China. [Liu, Ying; Lam, Michael Hon-Wah] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Biol & Chem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Lin, Zhi-qing] So Illinois Univ, Environm Sci Program, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. [Banuelos, Gary S.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Yin, XB (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. EM xbyin@ustc.edu.cn OI LAM, Hon Wah Michael/0000-0003-1213-3874 FU NSFC [40601088] FX This study was financially supported by NSFC (40601088). NR 34 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 126 IS 3 BP 1088 EP 1093 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.137 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 721JM UT WOS:000287349400042 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Chen, P Lin, LZ Harnly, JM Yu, LL Li, ZW AF Zhao, Yang Chen, Pei Lin, Longze Harnly, J. M. Yu, Liangli (Lucy) Li, Zhangwan TI Tentative identification, quantitation, and principal component analysis of green pu-erh, green, and white teas using UPLC/DAD/MS SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Camellia sinensis; Tentative identification; Quantification; UPLC/DAD/MS; PCA ID CHROMATOGRAPHIC FINGERPRINT ANALYSIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PURINE ALKALOIDS; AMINO-ACIDS; BLACK TEA; CATECHINS; DIFFERENTIATION; CONSTITUENTS; EXTRACTS; OOLONG AB Tea (Camellia sinensis L), an important drink and a natural medicine for thousands of years, contains many health beneficial compounds. Growing season, geographical region, and fermentation methods create many variations in tea compositions, which contribute to each tea's uniqueness. In this study, a simple, rapid, and efficient ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method combined with diode array detector (DAD) and mass spectroscopic (MS) detection and chemometrics analysis was used to analyse three different types of teas (green pu-erh, green tea, white tea). Using the developed method, 68 compounds were identified and 54 were quantified based on retention times. UV spectra, and MS spectra by referencing to available standards and data in the literatures. The results showed the chemical differences between the tested teas. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to classify and distinguish between tea samples. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhao, Yang; Chen, Pei; Lin, Longze; Harnly, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhao, Yang; Li, Zhangwan] Sichuan Univ, W China Sch Pharm, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Yang; Yu, Liangli (Lucy)] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pei.chen@ars.usda.gov RI ZHAO, YANG/O-7920-2014 FU Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture; Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health FX This research is supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 69 Z9 75 U1 11 U2 83 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2011 VL 126 IS 3 BP 1269 EP 1277 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.055 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 721JM UT WOS:000287349400068 PM 25544798 ER PT J AU Groenen, MAM Megens, HJ Zare, Y Warren, WC Hillier, LW Crooijmans, RPMA Vereijken, A Okimoto, R Muir, WM Cheng, HH AF Groenen, Martien A. M. Megens, Hendrik-Jan Zare, Yalda Warren, Wesley C. Hillier, LaDeana W. Crooijmans, Richard P. M. A. Vereijken, Addie Okimoto, Ron Muir, William M. Cheng, Hans H. TI The development and characterization of a 60K SNP chip for chicken SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID GENOTYPING ASSAY; GENOME; POLYMORPHISM; ARRAY; MAP AB Background: In livestock species like the chicken, high throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays are increasingly being used for whole genome association studies and as a tool in breeding (referred to as genomic selection). To be of value in a wide variety of breeds and populations, the success rate of the SNP genotyping assay, the distribution of the SNP across the genome and the minor allele frequencies (MAF) of the SNPs used are extremely important. Results: We describe the design of a moderate density (60k) Illumina SNP BeadChip in chicken consisting of SNPs known to be segregating at high to medium minor allele frequencies (MAF) in the two major types of commercial chicken (broilers and layers). This was achieved by the identification of 352,303 SNPs with moderate to high MAF in 2 broilers and 2 layer lines using Illumina sequencing on reduced representation libraries. To further increase the utility of the chip, we also identified SNPs on sequences currently not covered by the chicken genome assembly (Gallus_gallus-2.1). This was achieved by 454 sequencing of the chicken genome at a depth of 12x and the identification of SNPs on 454-derived contigs not covered by the current chicken genome assembly. In total we added 790 SNPs that mapped to 454-derived contigs as well as 421 SNPs with a position on Chr_random of the current assembly. The SNP chip contains 57,636 SNPs of which 54,293 could be genotyped and were shown to be segregating in chicken populations. Our SNP identification procedure appeared to be highly reliable and the overall validation rate of the SNPs on the chip was 94%. We were able to map 328 SNPs derived from the 454 sequence contigs on the chicken genome. The majority of these SNPs map to chromosomes that are already represented in genome build Gallus_gallus-2.1.0. Twenty-eight SNPs were used to construct two new linkage groups most likely representing two micro-chromosomes not covered by the current genome assembly. Conclusions: The high success rate of the SNPs on the Illumina chicken 60K Beadchip emphasizes the power of Next generation sequence (NGS) technology for the SNP identification and selection step. The identification of SNPs from sequence contigs derived from NGS sequencing resulted in improved coverage of the chicken genome and the construction of two new linkage groups most likely representing two chicken micro-chromosomes. C1 [Groenen, Martien A. M.; Megens, Hendrik-Jan; Zare, Yalda; Crooijmans, Richard P. M. A.] Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Warren, Wesley C.; Hillier, LaDeana W.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Inst, St Louis, MO USA. [Vereijken, Addie] Hendrix Genet Res Technol & Serv BV, Boxmeer, Netherlands. [Okimoto, Ron] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. [Muir, William M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cheng, Hans H.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Groenen, MAM (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, Wageningen, Netherlands. EM martien.groenen@wur.nl RI Megens, Hendrik-Jan/E-9676-2010; Groenen, Martien/D-8408-2012; Crooijmans, Richard/E-2492-2012 OI Megens, Hendrik-Jan/0000-0002-3619-7533; Groenen, Martien/0000-0003-0484-4545; FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-65205-05665]; Wageningen University, Cobb-Vantress, USA; Hendrix-Genetics, The Netherlands FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2009-65205-05665 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Animal Genome Program. This work was further supported by additional funding Wageningen University, Cobb-Vantress, USA and Hendrix-Genetics, The Netherlands. We thank Bert Dibbits for his technical assistance for DNA isolation and preparation of the RRLs. NR 20 TC 88 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAY 31 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 274 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-274 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 778TZ UT WOS:000291730900002 PM 21627800 ER PT J AU Duplessis, S Cuomo, CA Lin, YC Aerts, A Tisserant, E Veneault-Fourrey, C Joly, DL Hacquard, S Amselem, J Cantarel, BL Chiu, R Coutinho, PM Feau, N Field, M Frey, P Gelhaye, E Goldberg, J Grabherr, MG Kodira, CD Kohler, A Kues, U Lindquist, EA Lucas, SM Mago, R Mauceli, E Morin, E Murat, C Pangilinan, JL Park, R Pearson, M Quesneville, H Rouhier, N Sakthikumar, S Salamov, AA Schmutz, J Selles, B Shapiro, H Tanguay, P Tuskan, GA Henrissat, B Van de Peer, Y Rouze, P Ellis, JG Dodds, PN Schein, JE Zhong, SB Hamelin, RC Grigoriev, IV Szabo, LJ Martin, F AF Duplessis, Sebastien Cuomo, Christina A. Lin, Yao-Cheng Aerts, Andrea Tisserant, Emilie Veneault-Fourrey, Claire Joly, David L. Hacquard, Stephane Amselem, Joelle Cantarel, Brandi L. Chiu, Readman Coutinho, Pedro M. Feau, Nicolas Field, Matthew Frey, Pascal Gelhaye, Eric Goldberg, Jonathan Grabherr, Manfred G. Kodira, Chinnappa D. Kohler, Annegret Kuees, Ursula Lindquist, Erika A. Lucas, Susan M. Mago, Rohit Mauceli, Evan Morin, Emmanuelle Murat, Claude Pangilinan, Jasmyn L. Park, Robert Pearson, Matthew Quesneville, Hadi Rouhier, Nicolas Sakthikumar, Sharadha Salamov, Asaf A. Schmutz, Jeremy Selles, Benjamin Shapiro, Harris Tanguay, Philippe Tuskan, Gerald A. Henrissat, Bernard Van de Peer, Yves Rouze, Pierre Ellis, Jeffrey G. Dodds, Peter N. Schein, Jacqueline E. Zhong, Shaobin Hamelin, Richard C. Grigoriev, Igor V. Szabo, Les J. Martin, Francis TI Obligate biotrophy features unraveled by the genomic analysis of rust fungi SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE comparative genomics; plant pathogen; basidiomycete; evolution; rust disease ID SMUT FUNGI; INSIGHTS; HOST; RESISTANCE; HAUSTORIA; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES; SYMBIOSIS; POPLAR AB Rust fungi are some of the most devastating pathogens of crop plants. They are obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living plant tissues and cannot grow apart from their hosts. Their lifestyle has slowed the dissection of molecular mechanisms underlying host invasion and avoidance or suppression of plant innate immunity. We sequenced the 101-Mb genome of Melampsora larici-populina, the causal agent of poplar leaf rust, and the 89-Mb genome of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat and barley stem rust. We then compared the 16,399 predicted proteins of M. larici-populina with the 17,773 predicted proteins of P. graminis f. sp tritici. Genomic features related to their obligate biotrophic lifestyle include expanded lineage-specific gene families, a large repertoire of effector-like small secreted proteins, impaired nitrogen and sulfur assimilation pathways, and expanded families of amino acid and oligopeptide membrane transporters. The dramatic up-regulation of transcripts coding for small secreted proteins, secreted hydrolytic enzymes, and transporters in planta suggests that they play a role in host infection and nutrient acquisition. Some of these genomic hallmarks are mirrored in the genomes of other microbial eukaryotes that have independently evolved to infect plants, indicating convergent adaptation to a biotrophic existence inside plant cells. C1 [Cuomo, Christina A.; Goldberg, Jonathan; Grabherr, Manfred G.; Kodira, Chinnappa D.; Mauceli, Evan; Pearson, Matthew; Sakthikumar, Sharadha] Broad Inst Massachusetts Inst Technol & Harvard U, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Lin, Yao-Cheng; Van de Peer, Yves; Rouze, Pierre] Univ Ghent VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Aerts, Andrea; Lindquist, Erika A.; Lucas, Susan M.; Pangilinan, Jasmyn L.; Salamov, Asaf A.; Schmutz, Jeremy; Shapiro, Harris; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Joly, David L.; Feau, Nicolas; Tanguay, Philippe; Hamelin, Richard C.] Nat Resources Canada, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. [Amselem, Joelle; Quesneville, Hadi] INRA, Unite Rech Genom Info, F-78026 Versailles, France. [Cantarel, Brandi L.; Coutinho, Pedro M.; Henrissat, Bernard] Univ Aix Marseille 1, Unite Mixte Rech 6098, CNRS, Marseille, France. [Cantarel, Brandi L.; Coutinho, Pedro M.; Henrissat, Bernard] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Unite Mixte Rech 6098, CNRS, F-13284 Marseille 07, France. [Chiu, Readman; Field, Matthew; Schein, Jacqueline E.] British Columbia Canc Agcy, Genome Sci Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4S6, Canada. [Kuees, Ursula] Univ Gottingen, Div Mol Wood Biotechnol & Tech Mycol, Busgen Inst, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Mago, Rohit; Ellis, Jeffrey G.; Dodds, Peter N.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Duplessis, Sebastien; Tisserant, Emilie; Veneault-Fourrey, Claire; Hacquard, Stephane; Frey, Pascal; Gelhaye, Eric; Kohler, Annegret; Morin, Emmanuelle; Murat, Claude; Rouhier, Nicolas; Selles, Benjamin; Martin, Francis] Univ Nancy, Unite Mixte Rech 1136, Inst Natl Rech Agron, Ctr Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France. [Park, Robert] Univ Sydney, Plant Breeding Inst Cobbitty, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia. [Tuskan, Gerald A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Zhong, Shaobin; Szabo, Les J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Szabo, Les J.] Agr Res Serv, Cereal Dis Lab, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Duplessis, S (reprint author), Univ Nancy, Unite Mixte Rech 1136, Inst Natl Rech Agron, Ctr Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France. EM duplessi@nancy.inra.fr; cuomo@broadinstitute.org; les.szabo@ars.usda.gov; fmartin@nancy.inra.fr RI Mago, Rohit/D-3927-2009; Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011; Biology, Transformational/D-5787-2011; DUPLESSIS, SEBASTIEN/G-4150-2011; Joly, David/B-4612-2012; LIN, Yao-Cheng/B-4394-2008; Ellis, Jeffrey/A-1999-2010; Henrissat, Bernard/J-2475-2012; Van de Peer, Yves/D-4388-2009; Frey, Pascal/F-9212-2013; gelhaye, eric/K-7390-2013; Schmutz, Jeremy/N-3173-2013; Dodds, Peter/D-1181-2009; Schein, Jacquie/G-3674-2015 OI Rouhier, Nicolas/0000-0002-2036-7884; Kues, Ursula/0000-0001-9180-4079; Cuomo, Christina/0000-0002-5778-960X; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289; Joly, David/0000-0001-8411-5558; LIN, Yao-Cheng/0000-0002-9390-795X; Van de Peer, Yves/0000-0003-4327-3730; Frey, Pascal/0000-0001-6294-737X; gelhaye, eric/0000-0002-0699-9113; Schmutz, Jeremy/0000-0001-8062-9172; Dodds, Peter/0000-0003-0620-5923; FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Region Lorraine Council; Natural Resources Canada; US National Science Foundation; Interuniversity Attraction Pole [P6/25] FX We thank M.-P. Oudot-LeSeq for the initial M. larici-populina TE annotation; B. Hilselberger for database construction, C. Commun and H. Niculita-Hirzel for the annotation of the M. larici-populina secretome and mating-type genes, respectively; and Jerry Johnson for technical assistance. The work conducted on M. larici-populina by the Joint Genome Institute of the US Department of Energy is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This project was also funded by grants from the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique and the Region Lorraine Council (to F.M. and S.D.) and a grant from Natural Resources Canada (to R.C.H.), The sequencing of P. graminis f. sp. tritici was funded by the US National Science Foundation and conducted by the Broad Institute Sequencing Platform. The work of Y.-C.L., P.R., and Y.V.d.P. was supported by Interuniversity Attraction Pole P6/25 (BioMaGNet). NR 31 TC 226 Z9 252 U1 11 U2 108 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 31 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 22 BP 9166 EP 9171 DI 10.1073/pnas.1019315108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 770RM UT WOS:000291106200053 PM 21536894 ER PT J AU Chen, XW Zuo, YX Rosenthal, BM He, YS Cui, LW Yang, ZQ AF Chen, Xinwen Zuo, Yangxian Rosenthal, Benjamin M. He, Yongshu Cui, Liwang Yang, Zhaoqing TI Sarcocystis sinensis is an ultrastructurally distinct parasite of water buffalo that can cause foodborne illness but cannot complete its life-cycle in human beings SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis sinensis; Sarcocystis hominis; Ultrastructure; Morphology; Definitive host; Infection; Food safety; Zoonosis ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; BUBALUS-BUBALIS; RFLP ANALYSIS; SP. PROTOZOA; PR-CHINA; IDENTIFICATION; CATTLE; YUNNAN AB In this study, we compared the morphology of Sarcocystis sinensis and Sarcocystis hominis, and assessed the infectiousness of S. sinensis for human volunteers. The cysts of S. sinensis were from water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and those of S. hominis were from cattle (Bos taurus). Transmission electron microscopy of S. sinensis cysts revealed that the cyst wall had leaning, finger-like protrusions measuring 1.44-5.08 mu m in length and without invaginations on the tip surface of the protrusions. In contrast, the cyst wall of S. hominis had upright, finger-like protrusions measuring 9.43 mu m x 2.42 mu m and with vesicle-like invaginations on the tip surface of the protrusions. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that surface of the protrusions was arranged as rectangles in S. sinensis, as compared to tongue-shaped in S. hominis. Other distinguishing features of S. sinensis include a thin ground substrate (GS) zone with microtubules and small, circle-like structures located at the base of the protrusions. Human volunteers, after consuming S. sinensis cysts, produced no sporocysts or oocysts in feces, suggesting that humans could not serve as definitive hosts for S. sinensis. By contrast, many sporocysts and oocysts were passed in feces of a human volunteer 11-29 days after ingestion of S. hominis cysts. These results showed that S. sinensis and S. hominis are separate species and S. sinensis cannot use human being as the definitive host. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cui, Liwang] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chen, Xinwen; Zuo, Yangxian] Yunnan Univ, Dept Biol, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xinwen; Yang, Zhaoqing] Kunming Med Coll, Dept Parasitol, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Rosenthal, Benjamin M.] Agr Res Serv, Anim Parast Dis Lab, USDA BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [He, Yongshu] Kunming Med Univ, Dept Biol, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, Peoples R China. RP Cui, LW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM zhaoqingy@yahoo.com OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30560022, 30160013]; USDA [1265-1400-11] FX This study was funded by The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 30560022 and 30160013). Dr. Rosenthal was supported by a USDA project 1265-1400-11. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 31 PY 2011 VL 178 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.12.026 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 781UO UT WOS:000291962200006 PM 21236581 ER PT J AU Joshi, BR Kommuru, DS Terrill, TH Mosjidis, JA Burke, JM Shakya, KP Miller, JE AF Joshi, B. R. Kommuru, D. S. Terrill, T. H. Mosjidis, J. A. Burke, J. M. Shakya, K. P. Miller, J. E. TI Effect of feeding sericea lespedeza leaf meal in goats experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sericea lespedeza; Condensed tannin; Haemonchus contortus; Goats ID SULLA HEDYSARUM-CORONARIUM; CONDENSED TANNINS; TRICHOSTRONGYLUS-COLUBRIFORMIS; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; TELADORSAGIA-CIRCUMCINCTA; GROWING LAMBS; IN-VITRO; SHEEP; HAY; POPULATIONS AB Effect of sericea lespedeza [SL; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum-Cours.) G. Don.] leaf meal feeding was evaluated in two experiments in indoor reared goats with experimental infection of Haemonchus contortus larvae. In the first experiment, ten 8-10 month old male Spanish and Alpine cross kids pair matched for body weight and age were fed SL or bermudagrass [BG; Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers.] hay one week before infection and were infected with 5000 H. contortus L(3). The animals were maintained on the same diet for the remaining period and were slaughtered 28 days post-infection (DPI) to determine the establishment of incoming infective larvae. Goats fed SL had lower establishment (P < 0.05) of H. contortus larvae than that of the control goats fed BG hay. In the second experiment, twenty-five 8-10 months old male Alpine cross, Saanen, Nubian x Saanen and Spanish kids reared in confinement on BG were experimentally infected with 5000 H. contortus L(3). On 35 DPI, the animals were allocated to two groups after blocking by fecal egg count (FEC), and one group was fed SL leaf meal (n = 13), and another control group remained on BG (n = 12). Four goats/group were slaughtered successively on days 7, 14, and 28 days post SL feeding, except on day 7, when five SL fed goats were slaughtered. Fecal egg counts and blood packed cell volume (PCV) were measured at weekly intervals and worm count, female worm fecundity, worm length and mucosal eosinophils, mast cells and globule leucocytes were measured after slaughter. Goats fed SL had a lower FEC (P < 0.05) one week after feeding, as compared to those fed on BG, and the values remained at low level thereafter. Similarly. PCV was also significantly affected by feeding (P < 0.01), and feeding and time interaction (P < 0.05). However, worm burden, female worm fecundity, parasite length, and mucosal inflammatory cell count were similar between the groups. Feeding SL reduced the establishment of infective larvae and FEC of H. contortus in experimental studies and this plant could be used for biological control of parasite infection under field conditions to limit the harmful effects of the parasites in goats. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Joshi, B. R.] Nepal Agr Res Council, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Kommuru, D. S.; Terrill, T. H.] Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Mosjidis, J. A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Burke, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Shakya, K. P.; Miller, J. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Joshi, BR (reprint author), Nepal Agr Res Council, Singh Durbar Plaza,POB 5459, Kathmandu, Nepal. EM bhoj.joshi@yahoo.com NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD MAY 31 PY 2011 VL 178 IS 1-2 BP 192 EP 197 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.12.017 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 781UO UT WOS:000291962200028 PM 21232867 ER PT J AU Truman, CC Potter, TL Nuti, RC Franklin, DH Bosch, DD AF Truman, C. C. Potter, T. L. Nuti, R. C. Franklin, D. H. Bosch, D. D. TI Antecedent water content effects on runoff and sediment yields from two Coastal Plain Ultisols SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Erosion; Infiltration; Strip-tillage; No-tillage; Rainfall simulation; Soil water ID AGGREGATE STABILITY; SOIL-MOISTURE; RAINFALL INTENSITY; SIMULATED RAINFALL; VARIABLE RAINFALL; INTERRILL EROSION; FURROW DIKING; UNITED-STATES; ARABLE LAND; LOAMY SAND AB The highly weathered, low-carbon, intensively cropped, drought-prone Coastal Plain soils of Georgia are susceptible to runoff and soil loss, especially at certain times of the year when soil water contents are elevated. We quantified the effects of antecedent water content (AWC) on runoff (R) and sediment (E) losses from two loamy sands managed under conventional- (CT), strip- (ST), and/or no-till (NT) systems. Two AWC treatments were evaluated: field moist (FM) and pre-wet (PW), created with and without post pesticide application irrigations (similar to 12 mm of water added with the rainfall simulated over 30 min) for incorporation. Treatments (5) evaluated were: CT + FM, CT + PW, ST + FM, ST + PW, and NT + PW. Field plots, each 2-m x -3 m, were established on each treatment. Each 6-m(2) field plot received simulated rainfall at a variable rainfall intensity (I-v) pattern for 70 min (site 1) or a constant rainfall intensity (I-c) pattern for 60 min (site 2; I-c = 50.8 mm h(-1)). Adding similar to 12 mm of water as herbicide incorporation increased AWCs of the 0-2 (3-9-fold) and 2-15 (23-117%) cm soil depths of PW plots compared to existing field moist soil conditions. Increase in AWC increased R (as much as 60%) and maximum R rates (as much as 62%), and decreased E (at least 59%) and maximum E rates (as much as 2.1-fold) for corresponding tillage treatments. Compared to CT plots, ST and NT plots decreased R (at least 2.6-fold) and maximum R rates (as much as 3-fold), and decreased E (at least 2.7-fold) and maximum E rates (at least 3.2-fold). Runoff curves for pre-wetted CT and ST plots were always higher than corresponding FM curves, whereas E curves for field moist CT and ST plots were always higher than corresponding PW curves. Changes in AWC and tillage affected detachment and transport processes controlling runoff and sediment yields. A more accurate measure of rainfall partitioning and detachment and transport processes affecting R and E losses was obtained when commonly occurring field conditions (increased AWC with irrigation; I-v pattern derived from natural rainfall; commonly used tillage systems) were created and evaluated. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Truman, C. C.; Potter, T. L.; Bosch, D. D.] ARS, USDA, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Nuti, R. C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Franklin, D. H.] ARS, USDA, J Phil Campbell Sr Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA USA. RP Truman, CC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Watershed Res Lab, POB 748,2375 Rainwater Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Clint.Truman@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service; University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station FX The USDA-Agricultural Research Service and the University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station supported this work. USDA employees Ricky Fletcher, Coby Smith, Margie Whittle, Lorine Lewis, Jess Bolton, Bobby Hagler, Corey Collins, Bryant Luke, and Clay Lott provided expert assistance. NR 48 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAY 30 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 8 BP 1189 EP 1196 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2011.03.001 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 789RI UT WOS:000292533600001 ER PT J AU Ahiablame, LM Chaubey, I Smith, DR Engel, BA AF Ahiablame, L. M. Chaubey, I. Smith, D. R. Engel, B. A. TI Effect of tile effluent on nutrient concentration and retention efficiency in agricultural drainage ditches SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Net uptake length; Soluble phosphorus; Ammonium nitrogen; Nitrate nitrogen; Downstream water quality; Agricultural land use ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MANAGING NATURAL PROCESSES; MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; PHOSPHORUS RETENTION; DISSOLVED PHOSPHORUS; WATER-QUALITY; NITRATE LOSSES; NITROGEN; STREAMS AB Tile drainage is a common water management practice in many agricultural landscapes in the Midwestern United States. Drainage ditches regularly receive water from agricultural fields through these tile drains. This field-scale study was conducted to determine the impact of tile discharge on ambient nutrient concentration, nutrient retention and transport in drainage ditches. Grab water samples were collected during three flow regimes for the determination of soluble phosphorus (SP), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations and their retention in three drainage ditches. Measured nutrient concentration indicated lower SP and NH4+-N, and greater NO3-N concentrations in tile effluents compared to the ditch water. Net uptake lengths were relatively long, especially for NO3-N, indicating that nutrients were generally not assimilated efficiently in these drainage systems. Results also indicated that the study reaches were very dynamic showing alternating increases or decreases in nutrient concentration across the flow regimes. The drainage ditches appeared to be nutrient-rich streams that could potentially influence the quality of downstream waters. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ahiablame, L. M.; Chaubey, I.; Engel, B. A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chaubey, I.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chaubey, I.] Purdue Univ, Div Environm & Ecol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Smith, D. R.] ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, USDA, W Lafayette, IN USA. RP Chaubey, I (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, 225 S Univ St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ichaubey@purdue.edu FU Ivanhoe Foundation FX Thanks to The Ivanhoe Foundation for financial support in the form of fellowship during this project. Thanks to Yang Zhao for assistance with statistical analysis. Thanks to Sheila Harris, Chetan Maringanti, Katie Merriman, Shashank Singh, Li-Chi Chiang, Dr. K.P. Sudheer, Dr. Jane Frankenberger, Dr. Chad Jafvert, Rahul Bhutani, Alex Clerget, Lindsay Birt, and Ruchi Singh for assistance with data used in this study. Thanks to Jeremy Schulman, Nicole De Armond, Changhe Xiao, Candiss Williams, Suzanne Cunningham, and Steve Sassman for technical assistance with lab analysis. Detailed comments provided by two reviewers and Dr. Willey Dierickx greatly improved an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD MAY 30 PY 2011 VL 98 IS 8 BP 1271 EP 1279 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2011.03.002 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 789RI UT WOS:000292533600009 ER PT J AU Gonnella, TP Leedahl, TS Karlstad, JP Picklo, MJ AF Gonnella, Thomas P. Leedahl, Travis S. Karlstad, Jordan P. Picklo, Matthew J. TI NADH fluorescence lifetime analysis of the effect of magnesium ions on ALDH2 SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Aldehyde dehydrogenase; Fluorescence; NADH ID MITOCHONDRIAL ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; INTRACELLULAR NADH; MG2+; CONFORMATION; INHIBITION; OXIDATION; ESTERASE; REVEALS; ROLES; STEPS AB Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) catalyzes oxidation of toxic aldehydes to carboxylic acids. Physiologic levels of Mg(2+) ions influence ALDH2 activity in part by increasing NADH binding affinity. Traditional fluorescence measurements monitor the blue shift of the NADH fluorescence spectrum to study ALDH2-NADH interactions. By using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, we have resolved the fluorescent lifetimes (tau) of free NADH (tau = 0.4 ns) and bound NADH (tau = 6.0 ns). We used this technique to investigate the effects of Mg(2+) on the ALDH2-NADH binding characteristics and enzyme catalysis. From the resolved free and bound NADH fluorescence signatures, the K(D) for NADH with ALDH2 ranged from 468 to 12 mu M for Mg(2+) ion concentrations of 20 to 6000 mu M, respectively. The rate constant for dissociation of the enzyme-NADH complex ranged from 0.4s(-1) (6000 mu M Mg(2+)) to 8.3 s(-1) (0 mu M Mg(2+)) as determined by addition of excess NAD(+) to prevent re-association of NADH and resolving the real-time NADH fluorescence signal. The apparent NADH association/re-association rate constants were approximately 0.04 mu M(-1) s(-1) over the entire Mg(2+) ion concentration range and demonstrate that Mg(2+) ions slow the release of NADH from the enzyme rather than promoting its re-association. We applied NADH fluorescence lifetime analysis to the study of NADH binding during enzyme catalysis. Our fluorescence lifetime analysis confirmed complex behavior of the enzyme activity as a function of Mg(2+) concentration. Importantly, we observed no pre-steady state burst of NADH formation. Furthermore, we observed distinct fluorescence signatures from multiple ALDH2-NADH complexes corresponding to free NADH, enzyme-bound NADH, and, potentially, an abortive NADH-enzyme-propanal complex (tau = 11.2 ns). (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gonnella, Thomas P.; Leedahl, Travis S.; Karlstad, Jordan P.] Mayville State Univ, Div Sci & Math, Mayville, ND 58257 USA. [Picklo, Matthew J.] Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol Physiol & Therapeut, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Picklo, Matthew J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. RP Gonnella, TP (reprint author), Mayville State Univ, Div Sci & Math, 330 3rd St NE, Mayville, ND 58257 USA. EM gonnella@mayvillestate.edu FU NIH [P20 RR016471-10 (INBRE)]; NCRR FX This work was supported by the NIH grant P20 RR016471-10 (INBRE) from the NCRR. We also thank Dr. Gregory Gillispie for his helpful discussions. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 30 PY 2011 VL 191 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 147 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.01.023 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 779GX UT WOS:000291767200023 PM 21276780 ER PT J AU Wang, QR Li, YC Ouyang, Y AF Wang, Qingren Li, Yuncong Ouyang, Ying TI Phosphorus fractionation and distribution in sediments from wetlands and canals of a water conservation area in the Florida Everglades SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SOIL PROPERTIES; INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; NORTHERN EVERGLADES; RETENTION CAPACITY; LAKE OKEECHOBEE; FORMS; ENRICHMENT; COLUMN AB Phosphorus (P) fractionation and distribution in sediments are of great concern in the Florida Everglades ecosystem because potential eutrophication of surface waters usually results from P external loading and stability. Intact core sediment samples were collected to a depth of 35 cm from wetlands and canals across Water Conservation Area 3 (WCA-3) of the Florida Everglades. These sediment cores were sliced into 5 cm increments and analyzed for P contents in different fractions by sequential extraction. These fractions mainly included total P (TP), readily available P (Pi-KCl), Fe/Al-bound P (Pi-NaOH), Ca/Mg-bound P (Pi-HCl), organic P (Po-NaOH), and residual P (Po-Residue). Results showed that the canal sediments had the highest concentrations of TP, with about 87% in the form of Ca/Mg-bound fraction, and the concentrations of TP in these sediments increased with depth. In contrast, the wetland sediments contained the lowest concentrations of TP (predominantly in the organic fraction), with 43% residual P and 27% Po-NaOH, and the concentrations of TP in these sediments decreased with depth. In addition, a large amount of the readily available P (up to 1500 mg kg(-1)) in the canal sediments was accumulated at the top layer of 0-5 cm. This study suggests that any disturbance and/or environmental alterations, such as high canal flow and dredging in canal sediments, could pose a potential risk of a P increase in the water column and, consequently, in the wetlands because of the release of readily available P despite the relatively stable nature of such P fractions in these sediments. C1 [Wang, Qingren; Li, Yuncong] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Wang, Qingren; Li, Yuncong] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Ouyang, Ying] US Forest Serv, Dept Agr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Wang, QR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, 18905 SW 280 St, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. EM qrwang@ufl.edu FU Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Agricultural Experimental Station, Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida FX The study was supported by the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Agricultural Experimental Station, Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, as a part of Everglades Restoration Project. The authors thank G. Yu, L. Rosado, and N. Campbell for their great assistance in sediment sampling, processing, and analyses. We also thank A. Alva (USDA ARS), M. E. Sumner (agricultural and environmental consultant), and W. Klassen (University of Florida) for their critical review and comments of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 26 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD MAY 28 PY 2011 VL 47 AR W05550 DI 10.1029/2009WR008934 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 770TJ UT WOS:000291111100002 ER PT J AU Khupse, RS Sarver, JG Trendel, JA Bearss, NR Reese, MD Wiese, TE Boue, SM Burow, ME Cleveland, TE Bhatnagar, D Erhardt, PW AF Khupse, Rahul S. Sarver, Jeffrey G. Trendel, Jill A. Bearss, Nicole R. Reese, Michael D. Wiese, Thomas E. Boue, Stephen M. Burow, Matthew E. Cleveland, Thomas E. Bhatnagar, Deepak Erhardt, Paul W. TI Biomimetic Syntheses and Antiproliferative Activities of Racemic, Natural (-), and Unnnatural (+) Glyceollin I SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; ACID SIDE-CHAINS; THALLIUM(III) NITRATE TTN; HYDROGEN-BOND FORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROSTATE-CANCER; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; ASYMMETRIC DIHYDROXYLATION AB A 14-step biomimetic synthetic route to glyceollin I (1.5% overall yield) was developed and deployed to produce the natural enantiomeric form in soy, its unnatural stereoisomer, and a racemic mixture. Enantiomeric excess was assessed by asymmetric NMR shift reagents and chiral HPLC. Antiproliferative effects were measured in human breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer cell lines, with all three chiral forms exhibiting growth inhibition (GI) in the low to mid mu M range for all cells. The natural enantiomer, and in some cases the racemate, gave significantly greater GI than the unnatural stereoisomer for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) versus ER- breast/ovarian cell lines as well as for androgen receptor positive (AR(+)) versus AR(-) prostate cancer cells. Surprisingly, differences between ER+ and ER- cell lines were not altered by media estrogen conditions. These results suggest the antiproliferative mechanism of glyceollin I stereoisomers may be more complicated than strictly ER interactions. C1 [Sarver, Jeffrey G.; Trendel, Jill A.; Bearss, Nicole R.; Reese, Michael D.; Erhardt, Paul W.] Univ Toledo, Dept Med & Biol Chem, Coll Pharm, Ctr Drug Design & Dev, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Khupse, Rahul S.] Univ Findlay, Coll Pharm, Findlay, OH 45840 USA. [Wiese, Thomas E.] Xavier Univ Louisiana, Div Basic Pharmaceut Sci, Coll Pharm, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [Boue, Stephen M.; Cleveland, Thomas E.; Bhatnagar, Deepak] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Agr Res Stn, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Burow, Matthew E.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hematol & Med Oncol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Burow, Matthew E.] Tulane Univ, Ctr Bioenvironm Res, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Erhardt, PW (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Med & Biol Chem, Coll Pharm, Ctr Drug Design & Dev, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM paul.erhardt@utoledo.edu RI Khupse, Rahul/H-1378-2012; Burow, Matthew/D-6351-2013 OI Burow, Matthew/0000-0002-0642-6630 FU USDA (ARS SRRC); Ohio Soybean Council FX This work was supported by grants from the USDA (ARS SRRC) and the Ohio Soybean Council. We thank Dr. Ogawa and Mr. Fei at Bowling Green State University for their assistance during the CD studies. MCF7, NCI/Adr-Res. DUNS, and PC3 cell lines were provided by the NCI Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (DCTD) Tumor Repository. NR 129 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD MAY 26 PY 2011 VL 54 IS 10 BP 3506 EP 3523 DI 10.1021/jm101619e PG 18 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 764SB UT WOS:000290651800005 PM 21513275 ER PT J AU Chen, LX Zhang, ZQ Li, ZD Tang, JW Caldwell, P Zhang, WJ AF Chen, Lixin Zhang, Zhiqiang Li, Zhandong Tang, Jianwu Caldwell, Peter Zhang, Wenjuan TI Biophysical control of whole tree transpiration under an urban environment in Northern China SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Urban tree; Environmental variables; Transpiration; Canopy conductance; Decoupling coefficient ID VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; SAP FLOW MEASUREMENTS; CANOPY CONDUCTANCE; WATER-USE; STAND TRANSPIRATION; STOMATAL RESPONSES; DECOUPLING COEFFICIENT; VEGETATION CHANGES; TROPICAL FOREST; OLIVE ORCHARD AB Urban reforestation in China has led to increasing debate about the impact of urban trees and forests on water resources. Although transpiration is the largest water flux leaving terrestrial ecosystems, little is known regarding whole tree transpiration in urban environments. In this study, we quantified urban tree transpiration at various temporal scales and examined the biophysical control of the transpiration pattern under different water conditions to understand how trees survive in an urban environment. Concurrent with microclimate and soil moisture measurements, transpiration from Cedrus deodara(Roxb)Loud., Zelkova schneideriana Hend.-Mazz.. Euonymus bungeanus Maxim., and Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et cheng was measured over a 2-year period using thermal dissipation probe (TDP) techniques. The average monthly transpiration rates reached 12.78 +/- 0.73 (S.E.) mm, 1.79 +/- 0.16 mm, 10.18 +/- 0.55 mm and 19.28 +/- 2.24 mm for C. deodara, Z.schneideriana. E. bungeanus and M. glyptostroboides, respectively. Transpiration rates from M. glyptostroboides reported here may need further study as this species showed much higher sap flows and greater transpiration fluctuation under different environmental conditions than other species. Because of deep soil moisture supply, summer dry spells did not reduce transpiration rates even when tree transpiration exceeded rainfall. While vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was the dominant environmental factor on transpiration, trees controlled canopy conductance effectively to limit transpiration in times of water stress. Our results provide evidence that urban trees could adopt strong physiological control over transpiration under high evaporative demands to avoid dehydration and can make use of water in deeper soil layers to survive summer dry spells. Moreover, urban trees have the ability to make the best use of precipitation when it is limited, and are sensitive to soil and air dryness. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Lixin; Zhang, Zhiqiang; Zhang, Wenjuan] Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Soil & Water Conservat & Desertificat Com, Minist Educ, Coll Soil & Water Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Li, Zhandong] Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Landscape Architecture & Ornamental Hort, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Tang, Jianwu] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Caldwell, Peter] US Forest Serv, Raleigh Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Zhang, ZQ (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, Key Lab Soil & Water Conservat & Desertificat Com, Minist Educ, Coll Soil & Water Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM Zhqzhang@bjfu.edu.cn RI Tang, Jianwu/K-6798-2014 OI Tang, Jianwu/0000-0003-2498-9012 FU Ministry of Science and Technology, PR China [2011BAD38B03] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support from Ministry of Science and Technology, PR China through China National Scientific and Technical Innovation Research Project for 12th Five Year Planning (Grant No. 2011BAD38B03). We would like to extend our sincere gratitude to Mr. Xiaofang Zhang and Mr. Keyu Dong for their help to collect data and providing logistic support during the study. We also thank the Dalian Forestry Administration and Dalian Landscape Architecture Administration, Liaoning Province, China for their valuable assistance on our field experiment and permitting our access to the park. We thank the insightful comments from three anonymous reviewers that helped us improve the original manuscript greatly. NR 67 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD MAY 25 PY 2011 VL 402 IS 3-4 BP 388 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.03.034 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 771XB UT WOS:000291192900020 ER PT J AU French, NHF de Groot, WJ Jenkins, LK Rogers, BM Alvarado, E Amiro, B de Jong, B Goetz, S Hoy, E Hyer, E Keane, R Law, BE McKenzie, D McNulty, SG Ottmar, R Perez-Salicrup, DR Randerson, J Robertson, KM Turetsky, M AF French, Nancy H. F. de Groot, William J. Jenkins, Liza K. Rogers, Brendan M. Alvarado, Ernesto Amiro, Brian de Jong, Bernardus Goetz, Scott Hoy, Elizabeth Hyer, Edward Keane, Robert Law, B. E. McKenzie, Donald McNulty, Steven G. Ottmar, Roger Perez-Salicrup, Diego R. Randerson, James Robertson, Kevin M. Turetsky, Merritt TI Model comparisons for estimating carbon emissions from North American wildland fire SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CHARACTERISTIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; CANADIAN FOREST-FIRES; BLACK SPRUCE FORESTS; ORGANIC-MATTER LOST; BOREAL FOREST; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; SAMPLING TECHNIQUES; INTERIOR ALASKA; MULTIPLE SCALES AB Research activities focused on estimating the direct emissions of carbon from wildland fires across North America are reviewed as part of the North American Carbon Program disturbance synthesis. A comparison of methods to estimate the loss of carbon from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere from wildland fires is presented. Published studies on emissions from recent and historic time periods and five specific cases are summarized, and new emissions estimates are made using contemporary methods for a set of specific fire events. Results from as many as six terrestrial models are compared. We find that methods generally produce similar results within each case, but estimates vary based on site location, vegetation ( fuel) type, and fire weather. Area normalized emissions range from 0.23 kg C m(-2) for shrubland sites in southern California/NW Mexico to as high as 6.0 kg Cm-2 in northern conifer forests. Total emissions range from 0.23 to 1.6 Tg C for a set of 2003 fires in chaparral-dominated landscapes of California to 3.9 to 6.2 Tg C in the dense conifer forests of western Oregon. While the results from models do not always agree, variations can be attributed to differences in model assumptions and methods, including the treatment of canopy consumption and methods to account for changes in fuel moisture, one of the main drivers of variability in fire emissions. From our review and synthesis, we identify key uncertainties and areas of improvement for understanding the magnitude and spatial-temporal patterns of pyrogenic carbon emissions across North America. C1 [French, Nancy H. F.; Jenkins, Liza K.] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [de Groot, William J.] Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Res Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Rogers, Brendan M.; Randerson, James] Univ Calif Irvine, Earth Syst Sci Dept, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Alvarado, Ernesto] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, USFS PNW Fire & Environm Res Team, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Amiro, Brian] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [de Jong, Bernardus] Unidad Villahermosa, El Colegio Frontera Sur, Villahermosa 86280, Tabasco, Mexico. [Goetz, Scott] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Hoy, Elizabeth] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hyer, Edward] USN, Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Keane, Robert] US Forest Serv, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Law, B. E.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McKenzie, Donald; Ottmar, Roger] US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [McNulty, Steven G.] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, So Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Perez-Salicrup, Diego R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosist, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Robertson, Kevin M.] Tall Timbers Res Stn, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA. [Turetsky, Merritt] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 1G2, Canada. RP French, NHF (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, 3600 Green Ct,Ste 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM nancy.french@mtu.edu; Bill.deGroot@NRCan-RNCan.gc.ca; liza.jenkins@mtu.edu; bmrogers@uci.edu; alvarado@u.washington.edu; Brian_Amiro@umanitoba.ca; bjong@ecosur.mx; sgoetz@whrc.org; ehoy@umd.edu; edward.hyer@nrlmry.navy.mil; rkeane@fs.fed.us; bev.law@oregonstate.edu; donaldmckenzie@fs.fed.us; steve_mcnulty@ncsu.edu; rottmar@fs.fed.us; diego@oikos.unam.mx; jranders@uci.edu; krobertson@ttrs.org; mrt@uoguelph.ca RI Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Trejo, Yesenia/D-9257-2012; Turetsky, Merritt/B-1255-2013; Goetz, Scott/A-3393-2015; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010; OI Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Goetz, Scott/0000-0002-6326-4308; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203; French, Nancy/0000-0002-2389-3003 FU NASA [NNX08AK69G] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the work of Marlene Tyner and Benjamin Koziol at MTRI and Alan Cantin at CFS for their contributions in model calculation activities. Also, we would like to acknowledge the assistance of E. S. Kasischke for his suggestions and editing of a previous version of this manuscript. N.H.F. French and L. K. Jenkins were supported on this project by NASA grant NNX08AK69G from the Applied Sciences and Carbon Cycle Science programs. NASA also provided support for the development of the GFED3 fire emissions estimates described here. NR 99 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 43 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD MAY 25 PY 2011 VL 116 AR G00K05 DI 10.1029/2010JG001469 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 770QD UT WOS:000291102700001 ER PT J AU Stipanovic, RD Wheeler, MH Puckhaber, LS Liu, JG Bell, AA Williams, HJ AF Stipanovic, Robert D. Wheeler, Michael H. Puckhaber, Lorraine S. Liu, Jinggao Bell, Alois A. Williams, Howard J. TI Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Studies on the Biosynthesis of Fusaric Acid from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp vasinfectum SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Fusarium oxysporum f. sp vasinfectum; fusaric acid; cotton; Gossypium hirsutum; phytotoxin; biosynthesis; (13)C-incorporation; (15)N incorporation; (13)C-(15)N coupling in pyridine; aspartase shunt pathway ID ASPARTATE; ACETATE; COTTON; WILT AB Fusarium oxysporum is a fungal pathogen that attacks many important plants. Uniquely pathogenic strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum were inadvertently imported into the United States on live cottonseed for dairy cattle feed. These strains produce exceptionally high concentrations of the phytotoxin fusaric acid. Thus, fusaric acid may be a critical component in the pathogenicity of these biotypes. This study investigated the biosynthesis of fusaric acid using (13)C-labeled substrates including [1,2- (13)C(2)] acetate as well as (13)C- and (15)N-labeled aspartate and [(15)N]glutamine. The incorporation of labeled substrates is consistent with the biosynthesis of fusaric acid from three acetate units at C5-C6, C7-C8, and C9-C10, with the remaining carbons being derived from aspartate via oxaloacetate and the TCA cycle; the oxaloacetate originates in part by transamination of aspartate, but most of the oxaloacetate is derived by deamination of aspartate to fumarate by aspartase. The nitrogen from glutamine is more readily incorporated into fusaric acid than that from aspartate. C1 [Stipanovic, Robert D.; Wheeler, Michael H.; Puckhaber, Lorraine S.; Liu, Jinggao; Bell, Alois A.] ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Williams, Howard J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Stipanovic, RD (reprint author), ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2765 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM bob.stipanovic@ars.usda.gov FU Cotton Incorporated FX Research was supported in part by Cotton Incorporated. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 25 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 10 BP 5351 EP 5356 DI 10.1021/jf200628r PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 765GD UT WOS:000290691300024 PM 21495723 ER PT J AU Huwe, JK West, M AF Huwe, Janice K. West, Mark TI Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in US Meat and Poultry from Two Statistically Designed Surveys Showing Trends and Levels from 2002 to 2008 SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE polybrominated diphenyl ethers; food; survey; temporal trend ID HOUSE-DUST; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; LACTATING COWS; HUMAN EXPOSURE; DIETARY-INTAKE; MARKET BASKET; MALE RATS; PBDES AB Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) body burdens in the general U.S. population have been linked to the consumption of red meat and poultry. Exposure estimates have also indicated that meat products are a major contributor to PBDE dietary intake. To establish solid estimates of PBDE concentrations in domestic meat and poultry, samples from two statistically designed surveys of U.S. meat and poultry were analyzed for PBDEs. The two surveys were conducted in 2002-2003 and 2007-2008; between which times the manufacturing of penta-BDE and octa-BDE formulations had ceased in the United States (December :2004). Thus, the data provided an opportunity to observe prevalence and concentration trends that may have occurred during this time frame and to compare the mean PBDE levels among the meat and poultry industries. On the basis of composite samples, the average sum of the seven most prevalent PBDEs (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, and -183) decreased by > 60% from 1.95 ng/g lipid in 2002-2003 to 0.72 ng/g lipid in 2007-2008 for meat and poultry. PBDEs measured in individual samples in 2008 showed that beef samples had the lowest PBDE levels followed by hogs and chickens and then by turkeys. The PBDE congener pattern was the same for both surveys and resembled the penta-BDE formulation with BDE-47 and -99 accounting for 30 and 40% of the total, respectively. On the basis of the data from the two surveys, it appears that PBDE levels in U.S. meat and poultry have declined since manufacturing ceased; however, exposure pathways of PBDEs to livestock are still not known. C1 [Huwe, Janice K.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [West, Mark] ARS, USDA, No Plains Area, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Huwe, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM janice.huwe@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 25 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 10 BP 5428 EP 5434 DI 10.1021/jf2003915 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 765GD UT WOS:000290691300034 PM 21491934 ER PT J AU Kongchum, P Sandel, E Lutzky, S Hallerman, EM Hulata, G David, L Palti, Y AF Kongchum, Pawapol Sandel, Eran Lutzky, Sigal Hallerman, Eric M. Hulata, Gideon David, Lior Palti, Yniv TI Association between IL-10a single nucleotide polymorphisms and resistance to cyprinid herpesvirus-3 infection in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Innate immune response; Cyprinid herpesvirus-3; Common carp, Cyprinus carpio; Disease resistance; Marker-assisted breeding ID KOI HERPESVIRUS; RECEPTOR 2; TUBERCULOSIS; CATTLE; GENE; PARATUBERCULOSIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RAINBOW; DISEASE; TROUT AB Analysis of gene polymorphisms and disease association is essential for assessing putative candidate genes affecting susceptibility or resistance to disease. In this paper, we report the results of an association analysis between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) innate immune response genes and resistance to cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3) infection. Twenty-three SNPs from 14 genes were genotyped in the progeny of a full-sib family, which was subjected to a CyHV-3 challenge. The challenge was carried out by cohabitation of naive fish with CyHV-3-infected fish and the experimental fish subsequently were scored as susceptible or resistant. Fisher exact probability and chi-square tests were used to assess the association of SNP genotypes or alleles with CyHV-3 resistance. No association between SNPs in common carp immune response genes and resistance to CyHV-3 was found, except for SNPs in IL-10a. For IL-10a, both heterozygous and homozygous fish carrying the GCG haplotype were more susceptible to CyHV-3 infection (P<0.001). To identify the source of susceptible and resistant alleles, we genotyped fish from the parental common carp strains. We found that the susceptible allele was more common among fish from the wild CyHV-3-resistant strain (Sassan) whereas the resistant allele was found in all the fish sampled from the susceptible domesticated strain (Nasice). The implications of our findings to the development of a domesticated CyHV-3-resistant stock through marker-assisted selection or gene-introgression, and the possible impact of the IL-10a polymorphisms we identified on susceptibility to CyHV-3 infection in common carp are discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kongchum, Pawapol; Palti, Yniv] ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Kongchum, Pawapol; Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Sandel, Eran; Lutzky, Sigal; David, Lior] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Anim Sci, RH Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Hulata, Gideon] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Anim Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Palti, Y (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM yniv.palti@ars.usda.gov RI Hulata, Gideon/B-4238-2008; David, Lior/G-8754-2012 OI Hulata, Gideon/0000-0001-7318-7505; David, Lior/0000-0002-6555-0594 FU BARD [IS-3997-07]; Royal Thai Government; Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station through the USDA-NIFA FX This study was supported by a grant from the US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD Project No. IS-3997-07). P.K. was also supported by a Royal Thai Government doctoral scholarship. E.H. is supported by Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station through the USDA-NIFA Hatch Program. We thank Kristy Shewbridge, Roseanna Long and Brian Smith for their technical assistance. We also thank Dr. Roger Vallejo and Dr. Gregory Wiens for their help and guidance with data analysis and protein modeling, and Dr. Maureen Purcell for reviewing the manuscript draft. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD MAY 21 PY 2011 VL 315 IS 3-4 BP 417 EP 421 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.02.035 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 768JO UT WOS:000290930500035 ER PT J AU Sun, G Caldwell, P Noormets, A McNulty, SG Cohen, E Myers, JM Domec, JC Treasure, E Mu, QZ Xiao, JF John, R Chen, JQ AF Sun, Ge Caldwell, Peter Noormets, Asko McNulty, Steven G. Cohen, Erika Myers, Jennifer Moore Domec, Jean-Christophe Treasure, Emrys Mu, Qiaozhen Xiao, Jingfeng John, Ranjeet Chen, Jiquan TI Upscaling key ecosystem functions across the conterminous United States by a water-centric ecosystem model SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; CARBON EXCHANGE; TERRESTRIAL GROSS; SATELLITE DATA; MODIS; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; FOREST; VEGETATION; PRODUCTS; BALANCE AB [1] We developed a water-centric monthly scale simulation model (WaSSI-C) by integrating empirical water and carbon flux measurements from the FLUXNET network and an existing water supply and demand accounting model (WaSSI). The WaSSI-C model was evaluated with basin-scale evapotranspiration (ET), gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) estimates by multiple independent methods across 2103 eight-digit Hydrologic Unit Code watersheds in the conterminous United States from 2001 to 2006. Our results indicate that WaSSI-C captured the spatial and temporal variability and the effects of large droughts on key ecosystem fluxes. Our modeled mean (+/- standard deviation in space) ET (556 +/- 228 mm yr(-1)) compared well to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) based (527 +/- 251 mm yr(-1)) and watershed water balance based ET (571 +/- 242 mm yr(-1)). Our mean annual GEP estimates (1362 +/- 688 g C m(-2) yr(-1)) compared well (R-2 = 0.83) to estimates (1194 +/- 649 g C m(-2) yr(-1)) by eddy flux-based EC-MOD model, but both methods led significantly higher (25-30%) values than the standard MODIS product (904 +/- 467 g C m(-2) yr(-1)). Among the 18 water resource regions, the southeast ranked the highest in terms of its water yield and carbon sequestration capacity. When all ecosystems were considered, the mean NEE (-353 +/- 298 g C m(-2) yr(-1)) predicted by this study was 60% higher than EC-MOD's estimate (-220 +/- 225 g C m(-2) yr(-1)) in absolute magnitude, suggesting overall high uncertainty in quantifying NEE at a large scale. Our water-centric model offers a new tool for examining the trade-offs between regional water and carbon resources under a changing environment. C1 [Sun, Ge; Caldwell, Peter; McNulty, Steven G.; Cohen, Erika; Myers, Jennifer Moore; Treasure, Emrys] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [John, Ranjeet; Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Noormets, Asko; Domec, Jean-Christophe] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Mu, Qiaozhen] Univ Montana, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Xiao, Jingfeng] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] ENITA Bordeaux, UMR TCEM, Gradignan, France. RP Sun, G (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM ge_sun@ncsu.edu RI Mu, Qiaozhen/G-5695-2010; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Noormets, Asko/A-7257-2009; John, Ranjeet/J-2082-2015 OI Noormets, Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111; John, Ranjeet/0000-0002-0150-8450 FU USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center; CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science Foundation; University of Tuscia; Universite Laval and Environment Canada; U.S. Department of Energy FX This study was supported by the USDA Forest Service Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center. This work used eddy covariance data acquired by the FLUXNET community and in particular by the following networks: AmeriFlux (U.S. Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program (DE-FG02-04ER63917 and DE-FG02-04ER63911)), AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, China-Flux, Fluxnet-Canada (supported by CFCAS, NSERC, BIOCAP, Environment Canada, and NRCan), GreenGrass, KoFlux, LBA, NECC, OzFlux, TCOS-Siberia, and the United States China Carbon Consortium. We acknowledge the financial support to the eddy covariance data harmonization provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, Universite Laval and Environment Canada, and U.S. Department of Energy and the database development and technical support from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, and University of Virginia. NR 67 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 2 U2 40 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD MAY 21 PY 2011 VL 116 AR G00J05 DI 10.1029/2010JG001573 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 768KM UT WOS:000290933500003 ER PT J AU Shypailo, RJ Ellis, KJ AF Shypailo, R. J. Ellis, K. J. TI Whole body counter calibration using Monte Carlo modeling with an array of phantom sizes based on national anthropometric reference data SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM; MASS; EFFICIENCY; CHILDREN; FAT; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; SIMULATION; OBESITY AB During construction of the whole body counter (WBC) at the Children's Nutrition Research Center (CNRC), efficiency calibration was needed to translate acquired counts of (40)K to actual grams of potassium for measurement of total body potassium (TBK) in a diverse subject population. The MCNP Monte Carlo n-particle simulation program was used to describe the WBC (54 detectors plus shielding), test individual detector counting response, and create a series of virtual anthropomorphic phantoms based on national reference anthropometric data. Each phantom included an outer layer of adipose tissue and an inner core of lean tissue. Phantoms were designed for both genders representing ages 3.5 to 18.5 years with body sizes from the 5th to the 95th percentile based on body weight. In addition, a spherical surface source surrounding the WBC was modeled in order to measure the effects of subject mass on room background interference. Individual detector measurements showed good agreement with the MCNP model. The background source model came close to agreement with empirical measurements, but showed a trend deviating from unity with increasing subject size. Results from the MCNP simulation of the CNRC WBC agreed well with empirical measurements using BOMAB phantoms. Individual detector efficiency corrections were used to improve the accuracy of the model. Nonlinear multiple regression efficiency calibration equations were derived for each gender. Room background correction is critical in improving the accuracy of the WBC calibration. C1 [Shypailo, R. J.; Ellis, K. J.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Shypailo, RJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM shypailo@bcm.edu FU USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-001] FX This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Paediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX. Funding has been provided from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No 58-6250-6-001. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD MAY 21 PY 2011 VL 56 IS 10 BP 2979 EP 2997 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/56/10/006 PG 19 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 755NA UT WOS:000289937600007 PM 21490381 ER PT J AU Aldini, G Regazzoni, L Pedretti, A Carini, M Cho, SM Park, KM Yeum, KJ AF Aldini, Giancarlo Regazzoni, Luca Pedretti, Alessandro Carini, Marina Cho, Soo-Muk Park, Ki-Moon Yeum, Kyung-Jin TI An integrated high resolution mass spectrometric and informatics approach for the rapid identification of phenolics in plant extract SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Phenolics; Liquid chromatography with MS detection; Orbitrap; Database searching; Angelica Keiskei ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYPHENOLS; STABILITY; GRAPE AB An integrated approach based on high resolution MS analysis (orbitrap), database (db) searching and MS/MS fragmentation prediction for the rapid identification of plant phenols is reported. The approach was firstly validated by using a mixture of phenolic standards (phenolic acids, flavones, flavonols. flavanones, flavanols, isoflavones). In particular, the integrated approach consists of the following steps: (1) LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis in data dependent scan mode using an orbitrap mass analyzer (resolution 60,000; positive ion-mode, ESI source); (2) searching the experimental monoisotopic masses (tolerance 1 ppm) in plant phenols databases; (3) filtering the entries on the basis of the phenol class to which the unknown belongs, as determined on the basis of the UV spectrum. Final identification is achieved by matching the isotopic pattern and by MS/MS fragmentation studies. In particular, experimental MS/MS fragments are matched with those predicted by a commercially available software. The method was then successfully applied for the rapid identification of phenolics contained in an EtOH extract of Angelica keiskei. (C) 2011 Elsevier ay. All rights reserved. C1 [Aldini, Giancarlo; Regazzoni, Luca; Pedretti, Alessandro; Carini, Marina] Univ Milan, Dept Pharmaceut Sci Pietro Pratesi, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cho, Soo-Muk] Natl Acad Agr Sci & Technol, Funct Food & Nutr Div, Suwon 441853, South Korea. [Park, Ki-Moon] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Aldini, G (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Pharmaceut Sci Pietro Pratesi, Via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM giancarlo.aldini@unimi.it RI CARINI, MARINA/D-3084-2015; OI aldini, giancarlo/0000-0002-2355-6744; CARINI, MARINA/0000-0003-3407-5425; Regazzoni, Luca/0000-0001-7199-7141 FU BioGreen 21 Program [20070301034009]; Rural Development Administration, Korea; US Department of Agriculture [1950-51000-065-08S]; Regione Lombardia (Technological and Scientific Cooperation) [SAL-60, 16749] FX This research has been supported in part by the BioGreen 21 Program (Code #20070301034009), Rural Development Administration, Korea and US Department of Agriculture, under Agreement 1950-51000-065-08S and by Regione Lombardia (Technological and Scientific Cooperation Agreement, ID SAL-60, Ref n. 16749). NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 1218 IS 20 BP 2856 EP 2864 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.02.065 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 770CV UT WOS:000291065500005 PM 21435648 ER PT J AU Li, QA Mavrodi, DV Thomashow, LS Roessle, M Blankenfeldt, W AF Li, Qi-Ang Mavrodi, Dmitri V. Thomashow, Linda S. Roessle, Manfred Blankenfeldt, Wulf TI Ligand Binding Induces an Ammonia Channel in 2-Amino-2-desoxyisochorismate (ADIC) Synthase PhzE SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHORISMATE-UTILIZING ENZYMES; ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE; PHENAZINE BIOSYNTHESIS; ANTHRANILATE SYNTHASE; SALICYLATE SYNTHASE; MECHANISM; PSEUDOMONAS; REFINEMENT; PROTEINS; PYRUVATE AB PhzE utilizes chorismate and glutamine to synthesize 2-amino-2-desoxyisochorismate (ADIC) in the first step of phenazine biosynthesis. The PhzE monomer contains both a chorismate-converting menaquinone, siderophore, tryptophan biosynthesis (MST) and a type 1 glutamine amidotransferase (GATase1) domain connected by a 45-residue linker. We present here the crystal structure of PhzE from Burkholderia lata 383 in a ligand-free open and ligand-bound closed conformation at 2.9 and 2.1 angstrom resolution, respectively. PhzE arranges in an intertwined dimer such that the GATase1 domain of one chain provides NH3 to the MST domain of the other. This quaternary structure was confirmed by small angle x-ray scattering. Binding of chorismic acid, which was found converted to benzoate and pyruvate in the MST active centers of the closed form, leads to structural rear-rangements that establish an ammonia transport channel approximately 25 angstrom in length within each of the two MST/GATase1 functional units of the dimer. The assignment of PhzE as an ADIC synthase was confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis of the product, which was also visualized at 1.9 angstrom resolution by trapping in crystals of an inactive mutant of PhzD, an isochorismatase that catalyzes the subsequent step in phenazine biosynthesis. Unlike in some of the related anthranilate synthases, no allosteric inhibition was observed in PhzE. This can be attributed to a tryptophan residue of the protein blocking the potential regulatory site. Additional electron density in the GATase1 active center was identified as zinc, and it was demonstrated that Zn2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+ reduce the activity of PhzE. C1 [Li, Qi-Ang; Blankenfeldt, Wulf] Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, Dept Phys Biochem, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. [Mavrodi, Dmitri V.; Thomashow, Linda S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Thomashow, Linda S.] ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Roessle, Manfred] DESY, European Mol Biol Lab Hamburg Outstn, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. RP Blankenfeldt, W (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl Biochem, Univ Str 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany. EM wulf.blankenfeldt@uni-bayreuth.de RI Mavrodi, Dmitri/J-2745-2013; Blankenfeldt, Wulf/F-8877-2010 OI Blankenfeldt, Wulf/0000-0001-9886-9668 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [BL587/1-1/2]; International Max Planck Research School in Chemical Biology FX This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant BL587/1-1/2 (to W. B.).; Supported by the International Max Planck Research School in Chemical Biology. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 286 IS 20 BP 18213 EP 18221 DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.183418 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 763UM UT WOS:000290585200081 PM 21454481 ER PT J AU McQuate, GT Jameson, ML AF McQuate, Grant T. Jameson, Mary Liz TI Distinguishing male and female Chinese rose beetles, Adoretus sinicus, with an overview of Adoretus species of biosecurity concern SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE-BEETLE; SEX-PHEROMONE; PHENETHYL PROPIONATE; ORIENTAL BEETLE; COLEOPTERA; SCARABAEIDAE; IDENTIFICATION; GERANIOL; EUGENOL; PLANTS AB The Chinese rose beetle, Adoretus sinicus Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Adoretini), is a broadly polyphagous scarab beetle that is economically important and causes damage to a wide variety of host plants including agricultural crops and ornamentals in Southeast Asia, China, the Hawaiian Islands and several other Pacific Islands. The species has become established in numerous regions and is of biosecurity concern because importation of this species to other regions poses a threat to agriculture due to its generalist herbivore feeding habits. Field and laboratory research directed towards control of the species is hampered by the lack of characteristics that allow accurate determination of the sexes on live beetles in the field. Here, three recognizable and reliable non-destructive morphological differences between the sexes of A. sinicus are documented: (1) the form of the terminal sternite; (2) the length to width ratio of protarsomere 1, and; 3) the ratio of the combined length of protarsomeres 2-4 to the length of protarsomere 1. Because many Adoretus species are of biosecurity concern, and because tools to identify Adoretus species are lacking, we review the natural history and research on control associated with A. sinicus as well as the genus as a whole. C1 [McQuate, Grant T.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr PBARC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Jameson, Mary Liz] Wichita State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. RP McQuate, GT (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr PBARC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM grant.mcquate@ars.usda.gov; maryliz.jameson@gmail.com NR 63 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 64 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 766KZ UT WOS:000290782300001 PM 21864158 ER PT J AU Clepet, C Joobeur, T Zheng, Y Jublot, D Huang, MY Truniger, V Boualem, A Hernandez-Gonzalez, ME Dolcet-Sanjuan, R Portnoy, V Mascarell-Creus, A Cano-Delgado, AI Katzir, N Bendahmane, A Giovannoni, JJ Aranda, MA Garcia-Mas, J Fei, ZJ AF Clepet, Christian Joobeur, Tarek Zheng, Yi Jublot, Delphine Huang, Mingyun Truniger, Veronica Boualem, Adnane Hernandez-Gonzalez, Maria Elena Dolcet-Sanjuan, Ramon Portnoy, Vitaly Mascarell-Creus, Albert Cano-Delgado, Ana I. Katzir, Nurit Bendahmane, Abdelhafid Giovannoni, James J. Aranda, Miguel A. Garcia-Mas, Jordi Fei, Zhangjun TI Analysis of expressed sequence tags generated from full-length enriched cDNA libraries of melon SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID CUCUMIS-MELO; GENOME SEQUENCE; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; SEX EXPRESSION; DRAFT GENOME; PHYSICAL MAP; FRUIT; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: Melon (Cucumis melo), an economically important vegetable crop, belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family which includes several other important crops such as watermelon, cucumber, and pumpkin. It has served as a model system for sex determination and vascular biology studies. However, genomic resources currently available for melon are limited. Result: We constructed eleven full-length enriched and four standard cDNA libraries from fruits, flowers, leaves, roots, cotyledons, and calluses of four different melon genotypes, and generated 71,577 and 22,179 ESTs from full-length enriched and standard cDNA libraries, respectively. These ESTs, together with similar to 35,000 ESTs available in public domains, were assembled into 24,444 unigenes, which were extensively annotated by comparing their sequences to different protein and functional domain databases, assigning them Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and mapping them onto metabolic pathways. Comparative analysis of melon unigenes and other plant genomes revealed that 75% to 85% of melon unigenes had homologs in other dicot plants, while approximately 70% had homologs in monocot plants. The analysis also identified 6,972 gene families that were conserved across dicot and monocot plants, and 181, 1,192, and 220 gene families specific to fleshy fruit-bearing plants, the Cucurbitaceae family, and melon, respectively. Digital expression analysis identified a total of 175 tissue-specific genes, which provides a valuable gene sequence resource for future genomics and functional studies. Furthermore, we identified 4,068 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 3,073 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the melon EST collection. Finally, we obtained a total of 1,382 melon full-length transcripts through the analysis of full-length enriched cDNA clones that were sequenced from both ends. Analysis of these full-length transcripts indicated that sizes of melon 5' and 3' UTRs were similar to those of tomato, but longer than many other dicot plants. Codon usages of melon full-length transcripts were largely similar to those of Arabidopsis coding sequences. Conclusion: The collection of melon ESTs generated from full-length enriched and standard cDNA libraries is expected to play significant roles in annotating the melon genome. The ESTs and associated analysis results will be useful resources for gene discovery, functional analysis, marker-assisted breeding of melon and closely related species, comparative genomic studies and for gaining insights into gene expression patterns. C1 [Zheng, Yi; Huang, Mingyun; Giovannoni, James J.; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Clepet, Christian; Jublot, Delphine; Boualem, Adnane; Bendahmane, Abdelhafid] CNRS, UMR1165, URGV Plant Genom, Unite Rech Genom Vegetale,INRA,UEVE,ERL8196, F-91057 Evry, France. [Joobeur, Tarek; Hernandez-Gonzalez, Maria Elena] Ohio State Univ, Mol & Cellular Imaging Ctr, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Truniger, Veronica; Aranda, Miguel A.] CSIC, CEBAS, Murcia 30100, Spain. [Mascarell-Creus, Albert; Cano-Delgado, Ana I.] UAB, IRTA, Ctr Res Agr Genom CSIC, Dept Mol Genet, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Portnoy, Vitaly; Katzir, Nurit] Newe Yaar Res Ctr, Agr Res Org, Dept Vegetable Res, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Bendahmane, Abdelhafid] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Plant Prod, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Giovannoni, James J.; Fei, Zhangjun] USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Fei, ZJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM zf25@cornell.edu RI Aranda, Miguel A./G-4272-2011; Garcia-Mas, Jordi/B-9694-2012; Jublot, Delphine/M-7102-2014; Truniger, Veronica/H-3554-2011; Zheng, Yi/F-6150-2016; OI Aranda, Miguel A./0000-0002-0828-973X; Garcia-Mas, Jordi/0000-0001-7101-9049; Zheng, Yi/0000-0002-8042-7770; Truniger, Veronica/0000-0001-8221-2434 FU BARD, the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [IS-4223-09C]; SNC Laboratoire ASL; de Ruiter Seeds B.V.; Enza Zaden B.V.; Gautier Semences S.A.; Nunhems B.V.; Rijk Zwaan B.V.; Sakata Seed Inc; Semillas Fito S.A.; Seminis Vegetable Seeds Inc; Syngenta Seeds B.V.; Takii and Company Ltd; Vilmorin and Cie S.A.; Zeraim Gedera Ltd; CNRS ERL [8196] FX This work was supported by Research Grant Award No. IS-4223-09C from BARD, the United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, and by SNC Laboratoire ASL, de Ruiter Seeds B.V., Enza Zaden B.V., Gautier Semences S.A., Nunhems B.V., Rijk Zwaan B.V., Sakata Seed Inc, Semillas Fito S.A., Seminis Vegetable Seeds Inc, Syngenta Seeds B.V., Takii and Company Ltd, Vilmorin and Cie S.A. and Zeraim Gedera Ltd (all of them as part of the support to ICuGI). CC was supported by CNRS ERL 8196. NR 78 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 32 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAY 20 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 252 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-252 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 781NV UT WOS:000291941000001 PM 21599934 ER PT J AU Rooney, AP AF Rooney, Alejandro P. TI Pheromone emergencies and drifting moth genomes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material ID EXAPTATION; EVOLUTION; DESATURASES; RETROPOSON C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Rooney, AP (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Alejandro.Rooney@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 17 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 20 BP 8069 EP 8070 DI 10.1073/pnas.1104355108 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 765OZ UT WOS:000290719600006 PM 21527719 ER PT J AU Gaunt, AJ May, I Neu, MP Reilly, SD Scott, BL AF Gaunt, Andrew J. May, Iain Neu, Mary P. Reilly, Sean D. Scott, Brian L. TI Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of Plutonyl(VI) Nitrate under Acidic Conditions SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLUTONIUM(VI) CARBONATE; COMPLEXES; URANYL; EQUILIBRIA; SPECIATION; CHEMISTRY; COMPOUND; SPECTRA; PU(VI); IONS AB The plutonyl(VI) dinitrate complex [PuO(2)-(NO(3))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]center dot H(2)O (1) has been structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and spectroscopically characterized by solid-state vis-NIR and Raman spectroscopies. Aqueous solution spectroscopic studies indicate only weak plutonyl(VI) nitrate complexation, with the mononitrate complex dominating and negligible dinitrate formation, even in concentrated nitric acid. C1 [Gaunt, Andrew J.; May, Iain; Reilly, Sean D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Neu, Mary P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, USDA, Environm Management Off, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Scott, Brian L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Reilly, SD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sreilly@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; Gaunt, Andrew/0000-0001-9679-6020 FU U.S. Department of Energy (D.O.E.), Basic Energy Sciences; ARRA [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Heavy Element Chemistry Program; Chemical Sciences Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. D.O.E. FX We are thankful for an Early Career Research Program award (U.S. Department of Energy (D.O.E.), Basic Energy Sciences, ARRA funding, Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396) and the Heavy Element Chemistry Program, Chemical Sciences Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. D.O.E., for funding. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAY 16 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 10 BP 4244 EP 4246 DI 10.1021/ic200525u PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 759LQ UT WOS:000290246600008 PM 21510662 ER PT J AU Arias, RS Stetina, SR Scheffler, BE AF Arias, Renee S. Stetina, Salliana R. Scheffler, Brian E. TI Comparison of whole-genome amplifications for microsatellite genotyping of Rotylenchulus reniformis SO ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genotyping; reniform nematode; SSR; STR; WGA ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; BRUGIA-MALAYI; NEMATODE; POPULATIONS; RESISTANCE; DNA AB Currently, a large number of microsatellites are available for Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform nematode); however, two barriers exist for genotyping samples from different geographical areas. The limited amount of nucleic acids obtained from single nematodes which would require their multiplication to obtain enough DNA for testing; and the strictly regulated transport of live samples and multiplication in greenhouse for being a plant pathogen. Whole-genome amplification (WGA) of samples consisting of one and five dead gravid females with their associated egg masses was successfully performed on disrupted tissue using three commercial kits. DNA yield after WGA ranged from 0.5 to 8 mu g and was used to test 96 microsatellite markers we previously developed for the reniform nematode. The results were compared to those of fingerprinting the original population (MSRR03). Out of 96 markers tested, 71 had amplicons in MSRR03. Using WGA of single gravid females with their associated egg masses, 86-93% of the alleles found on MSRR03 were detected, and 87-88% of the alleles found on MSRR03 when using WGA of samples composed of five gravid females with their associated egg masses as template. Our results indicate that reniform nematode samples as small as a single gravid female with her associated egg mass can be used in WGA and direct testing with microsatellites, giving consistent results when compared to the original population. C1 [Arias, Renee S.; Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS, MSA Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Stetina, Salliana R.] USDA ARS, MSA Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Arias, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, MSA Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Renee.Arias@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU USDA-ARS [6402-22000-005-00D, 6401-21000-001-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS project no. 6402-22000-005-00D, and 6401-21000-001-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CATOLICA DE VALPARAISO PI VALPARAISO PA AV BRASIL 2950, PO BOX 4059, VALPARAISO, CHILE SN 0717-3458 J9 ELECTRON J BIOTECHN JI Electron. J. Biotechnol. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 14 IS 3 AR 13 DI 10.2225/vol14-issue3-fulltext-13 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 804CS UT WOS:000293632300011 ER PT J AU Castellano, MJ Schmidt, JP Kaye, JP Walker, C Graham, CB Lin, H Dell, C AF Castellano, Michael J. Schmidt, John P. Kaye, Jason P. Walker, Charles Graham, Chris B. Lin, Henry Dell, Curtis TI Hydrological controls on heterotrophic soil respiration across an agricultural landscape SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Hydropedology; Carbon dioxide; Soil hydrology; Climate change; Catena ID FILLED PORE-SPACE; CARBON-DIOXIDE PRODUCTION; WATER-CONTENT; MICROBIAL ACTIVITY; PROCESS MODEL; CO2; MOISTURE; TEMPERATURE; ECOSYSTEMS; COMPACTION AB Climate change is expected to increase the intensity of precipitation, but our ability to model the consequences for soil respiration are limited by a lack of data from soils that are saturated and draining. In this study, we used large intact soil columns (28 x 30 cm) to 1) quantify changes in CO(2) flux as soils drain from saturated conditions, and 2) to determine which soil water metrics best predict instantaneous maximum CO(2) flux. The columns were from three agricultural landscape positions that vary in soil properties. We simulated water table fluctuations that were observed at the field site (and predicted to increase in future climate scenarios) by flooding the columns from bottom to surface and then allowing the columns to drain for 96 h while monitoring volumetric soil water content (VWC), water filled pore space (WFPS), water content normalized to field capacity, matric potential, and CO(2) flux. Mean cumulative CO(2) flux was 4649 mg CO(2)-Cm(-2) 96 h(-1). Regardless of landscape position. CO(2) flux rates exhibited a single maximum slightly below saturation, near field capacity. This result suggests that many field studies have not captured soil respiration rates when water availability is optimum for heterotrophic respiration. Across landscape positions, matric potential was the most consistent indicator of instantaneous maximum CO(2) flux, with maximum fluxes occurring within the narrow range of -0.15 to -4.89 kPa. In contrast, instantaneous maximum CO(2) flux rates occurred between 95 and 131% of water content normalized to field capacity, 72-97% WFPS, and 29-45% VWC. Thus, our data suggest that instantaneous maximum CO(2) flux rates, a key parameter in ecosystem models, can be predicted across an agricultural landscape with diverse soils if matric potential is used as a water scalar. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Castellano, Michael J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schmidt, John P.; Dell, Curtis] USDA Agr Res Serv, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Castellano, Michael J.; Kaye, Jason P.; Walker, Charles; Graham, Chris B.; Lin, Henry] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Castellano, MJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, 2101 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM castelmj@iastate.edu RI Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011; Graham, Chris/B-1736-2012; Castellano, Michael/A-9687-2008 OI Castellano, Michael/0000-0003-1411-7931 FU USDA; USDA-ARS FX We would like to thank Arlene Adviento-Borbe, Krystal Bealing, Sara Eckert, Sarah Fishel, Kristen Jurinko, Michelle Knabb, David Lewis, and Marshall McDaniel for the laboratory assistance. MJC was supported by a USDA National Needs Graduate Fellowship. This research was funded by the USDA-ARS. Trade or manufacturers' names mentioned in the paper are for information only and do not constitute endorsement, recommendation, or exclusion by the USDA-ARS. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 162 IS 3-4 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.01.020 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 771EL UT WOS:000291139900006 ER PT J AU Khaokaew, S Chaney, RL Landrot, G Ginder-Vogel, M Sparks, DL AF Khaokaew, Saengdao Chaney, Rufus L. Landrot, Gautier Ginder-Vogel, Matthew Sparks, Donald L. TI Speciation and Release Kinetics of Cadmium in an Alkaline Paddy Soil under Various Flooding Periods and Draining Conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EDGE XANES SPECTROSCOPY; HUMIC-ACID; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; ORGANIC-MATTER; SULFUR; RICE; ZINC; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; CD AB This study determined Cd speciation and release kinetics in a Cd-Zn cocontaminated alkaline paddy soil, under various flooding periods and draining conditions, by employing synchrotron-based techniques, and a stirred-flow kinetic method. Results revealed that varying flooding periods and draining conditions affected Cd speciation and its release kinetics. Linear least-squares fitting (LLSF) of bulk X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra of the air-dried, and the 1 day-flooded soil samples, showed that at least 50% of Cd was bound to humic acid. Cadmium carbonates were found as the major species at most flooding periods, while a small amount of cadmium sulfide was found the soils were flooded for longer periods. Under all flooding and draining conditions, at least 14 mg/kg Cd was desorbed from the soil after a 2-hour desorption experiment. The results obtained by micro X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF) spectroscopy showed that Cd was less associated with Zn than Ca, in most soil samples. Therefore, it is more likely that Cd and Ca will be present in the same mineral phases rather than Cd and Zn, although the source of these two latter elements may originate from the same surrounding Zn mines in the Mae Sot district. C1 [Khaokaew, Saengdao; Landrot, Gautier; Ginder-Vogel, Matthew; Sparks, Donald L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA ARS, Environm Chem Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sparks, DL (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, 152 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM dlsparks@udel.edu FU Anandamahidol Foundation; Delaware Experimental Program; National Science Foundation FX S.K. appreciates a graduate student fellowship from The Anandamahidol Foundation (King's scholarship) of King Bhu-mibol Adulyadej, the current King of Thailand. Financial support of the research was provided by the Delaware Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) funded by the National Science Foundation. We also thank Dr. Paul Northrup at beamline X15B of the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), Brookhaven National Laboratory for his assistance with sulfur-XANES data collection and analysis; Mr. Piboon Kanghae for assistance with soil sampling; Dr. Ryan Tappero for his assistance with XAS data analysis; Dr. Yan Jin for her advice on incubation experiments; and the four anonymous reviewers for their inputs that considerably improved the content of this manuscript. NR 59 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 17 U2 97 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 10 BP 4249 EP 4255 DI 10.1021/es103971y PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 761UQ UT WOS:000290426900014 PM 21513267 ER PT J AU Marini, JC AF Marini, Juan C. TI Quantitative analysis of N-15-labeled positional isomers of glutamine and citrulline via electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of their dansyl derivatives SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; PARENTERAL AFFECTS; ARGININE; ENRICHMENT; PLASMA; AMINO; ISOTOPE; DISEASE; ROUTE AB The enteral metabolisms of glutamine and citrulline are intertwined because, while glutamine is one of the main fuel sources for the enterocyte, citrulline is one of its products. It has been shown that the administration of N-15-labeled glutamine results in the incorporation of the N-15 label into citrulline, but it is not clear which of the three nitrogen groups of citrulline is actually labeled. To determine the N-15-enrichment of the positional isomers of glutamine and citrulline, a rapid liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was developed. The amino acids were analyzed as their dansyl derivatives. The product ion resulting from the loss of NH3 from the omega carbon allows for the determination of the enrichment of the ureido (citrulline) or amido groups (glutamine). The protonated pyrrolidine (citrulline) or 5-oxopyrrolidine (glutamine) product ion contains the 2-N (amino group) and is used to determine its enrichment. The method described showed no ion suppression and a wide dynamic range ranging from 1.3 picomoles to 2 nanomoles for citrulline. Background samples and standards resulted in enrichments not different from those theoretically expected. The enrichment curves for the different glutamine and citrulline isotopomers were linear (R-2 > 0.998) over the range of enrichments studied. The method developed provides an additional insight into the metabolism of glutamine and citrulline tracing the precursor-product relationship between these two amino acids. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat Nutr, USDA, ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Marini, JC (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat Nutr, USDA, ARS,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St,Mail Stop BCM320, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM marini@bcm.edu FU USDA [6250-51000-044]; NIH [K01 RR024173] FX The help and comments of David Hachey, Inka C. Didelija and Jean Hsu are greatly appreciated. The work was supported by USDA (6250-51000-044) and NIH (K01 RR024173). NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1291 EP 1296 DI 10.1002/rcm.5007 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 762DN UT WOS:000290452600021 PM 21491530 ER PT J AU Ballou, MA Cobb, CJ Hulbert, LE Carroll, JA AF Ballou, M. A. Cobb, C. J. Hulbert, L. E. Carroll, J. A. TI Effects of intravenous Escherichia coli dose on the pathophysiological response of colostrum-fed Jersey calves SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Calf; Inflammatory response; Septicemia ID ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; INFLAMMATION; CHALLENGE; BLOOD AB Objectives of the present study were to characterize the dose dependency of an intravenous Escherichia coli O111:H8 challenge in colostrum-fed Jersey calves and to identify any biochemical markers indicative of septicemia. Eighteen 3-week old colostrum-fed Jersey calves were completely randomized to 1 of 6 doses of E. coli O111:H8. The challenge doses included 0, 1.5 x 10(5), 1.5 x 10(6), 1.5 x 10(7), 1.5 x 10(8), and 1.5 x 1(0)9 colony-forming units (CFU) given intravenously as a bolus in 5 mL of sterile isotonic saline. Peripheral blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h relative to the challenge for biochemical, total leukocyte count, and differential analyses. Rectal temperatures were collected via indwelling rectal temperature probes at 5-min intervals, and hourly averages calculated from 2 d prior to the challenge till 2 d after the challenge. All calves survived the 48 h observation period following the challenge. Calves given 1.5 x 10(8) and 1.5 x 10(9) CPU displayed sickness behaviors (P < 0.01) beginning 0.5 h after the challenge and returned to that of the control calves by 6 and 32 h for calves challenged with 1.5 x 10(8) and 1.5 x 10(9) CPU, respectively. There were treatment x time interactions (P < 0.01) on total leukocyte counts and plasma glucose and zinc concentrations. Calves administered 1.5 x 10(8) and 1.5 x 10(9) CPU had leucopenia beginning 2 h after the challenge and returning to counts similar to the control calves within 24 h. Additionally, those calves were hypoglycemic from 4 to 12 h after the challenge with the degree of hypoglycemia inversely related to the dose of the E. coli. All calves challenged with E. coli had decreased plasma zinc concentrations, and the magnitude was inversely proportional to the challenge dose. There were treatment x time interactions (P < 0.001) on rectal temperatures following the challenge. All calves challenged with E. coli developed a febrile response, but the intensity and duration of the response were dependent on the challenge dose. These data indicate that calves intravenously challenged with 1.5 x 10(8) and 1.5 x 10(9) CPU of the E. coli O111:H8 showed immediate clinical and biochemical signs indicative of septicemia. However, calves administered 1.5 x 10(7) or less of the E. coli had febrile responses, but did not develop septicemia. Blood glucose and zinc concentrations may be dose responsive indicators that could potentially differentiate between a se pticemic versus non-septicemic calf. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ballou, M. A.; Cobb, C. J.; Hulbert, L. E.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Hulbert, L. E.; Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Ballou, MA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM michael.ballou@ttu.edu NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 EI 1873-2534 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 141 IS 1-2 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.02.008 PG 8 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 758SZ UT WOS:000290188200009 PM 21420179 ER PT J AU Dassanayake, RP Lawrence, PK Knowles, DP Davis, WC Foreyt, WJ Srikumaran, S AF Dassanayake, Rohana P. Lawrence, Paulraj K. Knowles, Donald P. Davis, William C. Foreyt, William J. Srikumaran, Subramaniam TI Co-expression of ovine LPS receptor CD14 with Mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin receptor LFA-1 or Mac-1 does not enhance leukotoxin-induced cytotoxicity SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD14; Leukotoxin; Mannheimia haemolytica; Sheep; LFA-1; Mac-1 ID PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; BIGHORN SHEEP; PNEUMONIC PASTEURELLOSIS; INDUCED CYTOLYSIS; DOMESTIC SHEEP; BOVINE CD14; LEUKOCYTES; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; EXPRESSION; ARIES AB Leukotoxin (Lkt) and LPS are the major virulence determinants of Mannheimia haemolytica that contribute to the pathogenesis of bovine and ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. We have previously identified bovine and ovine CD18 as the functional receptor for Lkt. LPS complexes with Lkt resulting in increased thermal stability and enhanced cytotoxic activity of Lkt. Cellular recognition of LPS involves several different molecules including CD14. We hypothesized that expression of ovine CD14 together with LFA-1 or Mac-1 would enhance Lkt-induced cytotoxicity. Ovine cDNA for CD14 was amplified by PCR and cloned into mammalian expression vectors. The 1122 bp cDNAs for bighorn sheep (BHS) and domestic sheep (DS) CD14 encode 373 amino acids which exhibit 99% identity with each other. Ovine CD14 plasmids were transfected either into HEK-293 cells, or previous HEK-293 transfectants stably expressing ovine LFA-1 or Mac-1. Flow cytometric analysis of transfectants confirmed the cell surface expression of CD14. The transfectants expressing LFA-1 or Mac-1 and the transfectants co-expressing CD14 with LFA-1 or Mac-1 did not show any significant difference in Lkt-induced cytotoxicity when incubated with LPS complexed Lkt. In contrast, incubation of the LFA-1 or Mac-1 and LFA-1/CD14 or Mac-1/CD14 transfectants with Lkt which lacks LPS, resulted in reduced cytotoxicity. None of the above transfectants showed any difference in [Ca(2+)](i) elevation when incubated with both types of Lkt preparations. Lkt did not induce any cytotoxicity or [Ca(2+)](i) elevation in ovine CD14 transfectants or parent HEK-293 cells. Based on these findings, we conclude that expression of CD14 together with LFA-1 or Mac-1 does not enhance Lkt-induced cytotoxicity, whereas LPS enhances cytotoxicity by complexing with Lkt. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dassanayake, Rohana P.; Lawrence, Paulraj K.; Knowles, Donald P.; Davis, William C.; Foreyt, William J.; Srikumaran, Subramaniam] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Knowles, Donald P.] USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Srikumaran, S (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, 402 Bustad Hall,POB 647040, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM ssrikumaran@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Wild Sheep Foundation and its Eastern, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington Chapters; Rocky Mountain Bighorn Society FX This research was supported by funds from the Wild Sheep Foundation and its Eastern, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington Chapters, and the Rocky Mountain Bighorn Society. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 141 IS 1-2 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.02.010 PG 8 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 758SZ UT WOS:000290188200010 PM 21420740 ER PT J AU Clemons, CM Sabo, RC Hirth, KC AF Clemons, Craig M. Sabo, Ronald C. Hirth, Kolby C. TI The Effects of Different Silane Crosslinking Approaches on Composites of Polyethylene Blends and Wood Flour SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE polyethylene; silane; reactive extrusion; crosslinking; composites ID PLASTIC COMPOSITES; FIBER AB Though silane chemistry has been used to crosslink unfilled polyethylene for many years, such crosslinking has only been recently applied to wood plastic composites to improve properties such as creep resistance. However, the presence of wood significantly changes the silane chemistry and a greater understanding is necessary for optimal processing and performance. We investigated three different approaches of adding silane and peroxide during reactive extrusion of wood-plastic composites were investigated and compared to their unfilled counterparts. Up to 2 grams of a 20:1 solution of vinyltrimethoxysilane and dicumyl peroxide by weight were added per 100 grams of plastic. Low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, and a blend of the two were investigated as matrices in composites containing approximately 25% wood flour. The unfilled plastics crosslinked efficiently and little premature crosslinking occurred during processing. Though only modest improvements in tensile strengths were found in unfilled plastics, the notched Izod impact energy of unfilled HDPE improved nearly 600% when crosslinked. Unlike the unfilled plastics, most of the crosslinking of the composites occurred during processing. This resulted in high viscosities and processing difficulties, negating some of the advantages of a separate crosslinking step and limiting the amount of crosslinking possible. Some reinforcement of the plastics by the wood flour was achieved when sufficient crosslinking solution was added. Adding crosslinking solution also and greatly increased reverse-notched impact energies. The differences between the approaches for preparing the crosslinked composites appeared to largely be a matter of efficiency in terms of the amount of crosslinking solution required to affect processing and performance. The most efficient approach was a two-step procedure where the silane was first grafted to the plastic and then wood flour was compounded with the grafted silane in a second step. Published 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 2292-2303, 2011 C1 [Clemons, Craig M.; Sabo, Ronald C.] US Forest Serv, Engineered Composites Sci Grp, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Hirth, Kolby C.] US Forest Serv, Analyt Chem & Microscopy Lab Grp, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Clemons, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Engineered Composites Sci Grp, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM cclemons@fs.fed.us FU USDA/DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative [68-3A75-6-508, 19838] FX Contract grant sponsor: USDA/DOE Biomass Research and Development Initiative; contract grant number: 68-3A75-6-508, subaward 19838. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD MAY 15 PY 2011 VL 120 IS 4 BP 2292 EP 2303 DI 10.1002/app.33413 PG 12 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 734ME UT WOS:000288337400050 ER PT J AU Yli-Mattila, T Ward, TJ O'Donnell, M Proctor, RH Burkin, AA Kononenko, GP Gavrilova, OP Aoki, T McCormick, SP Gagkaeva, TY AF Yli-Mattila, Tapani Ward, Todd J. O'Donnell, Merry Proctor, Robert H. Burkin, Alexey A. Kononenko, Galina P. Gavrilova, Olga P. Aoki, Takayuki McCormick, Susan P. Gagkaeva, Tatiana Yu. TI Fusarium sibiricum sp nov, a novel type A trichothecene-producing Fusarium from northern Asia closely related to F-sporotrichioides and F-langsethiae SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fusarium langsethiae; F. poae; F. sibiricum; F. sporotrichioides; Phylogenetic analysis; T-2 ID SPECIES COMPLEX; ALPHA-GENE; T-2 TOXIN; POAE; PCR; GRAIN; SEQUENCES; ENCODES; CEREALS; EUROPE AB Production of type A trichothecenes has been reported in the closely related species Fusarium langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides. Here, we characterized a collection of Fusarium isolates from Siberia and the Russian Far East (hereafter Asian isolates) that produce high levels of the type A trichothecene T-2 toxin and are similar in morphology to the type A trichothecene-producing F. langsethiae, and to F. poae which often produces the type B trichothecene nivalenol. The Asian isolates possess unique macroscopic and microscopic characters and have a unique TG repeat in the nuclear ribosomal intergenic spacer (IGS rDNA) region. In Asian isolates, the TRI1-TRI16 locus, which determines type A versus type B trichothecene production in other species, is more similar in organization and sequence to the TRI1-TRI16 locus in F. sporotrichioides and F. langsethiae than to that in F. poae. Phylogenetic analysis of the TRI1 and TRI16 gene coding regions indicates that the genes in the Asian isolates are more closely related to those of F. sporotrichioides than F. langsethiae. Phylogenetic analysis of the beta-tubulin, translation elongation factor. RNA polymerase II and phosphate permease gene sequences resolved the Asian isolates into a well-supported sister lineage to F. sporotrichioides, with F. langsethiae forming a sister lineage to F. sporotrichioides and the Asian isolates. The Asian isolates are conspecific with Norwegian isolate IBT 9959 based on morphological and molecular analyses. In addition, the European F. langsethiae isolates from Finland and Russia were resolved into two distinct subgroups based on analyses of translation elongation factor and IGS rDNA sequences. Nucleotide polymorphisms within the IGS rDNA were used to design PCR primers that successfully differentiated the Asian isolates from F. sporotrichioides and F. langsethiae. Based on these data, we formally propose that the Asian isolates together with Norwegian isolate IBT 9959 comprise a novel phylogenetic species. F. sibiricum, while the two subgroups of F. langsethiae only represent intraspecific groups. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yli-Mattila, Tapani] Univ Turku, Dept Biochem & Food Chem, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. [Ward, Todd J.; O'Donnell, Merry; Proctor, Robert H.; McCormick, Susan P.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Burkin, Alexey A.; Kononenko, Galina P.] All Russian Res Inst Vet Sanitat Hyg & Ecol, Lab Mycotoxicol, Moscow 123022, Russia. [Gavrilova, Olga P.; Gagkaeva, Tatiana Yu.] All Russian Inst Plant Protect VIZR, Lab Mycol & Phytopathol, St Petersburg 196608, Pushkin, Russia. [Aoki, Takayuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci NIAS, NIAS Genbank Microorganisms Sect MAFF, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. RP Yli-Mattila, T (reprint author), Univ Turku, Dept Biochem & Food Chem, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. EM tymat@utu.fi OI Tatiana, Gagkaeva/0000-0002-3276-561X FU Academy of Finland [126917, 131957]; Nordic Research Board [090014] FX The visits of Dr. T. Yli-Mattila to the All-Russian Plant Protection Institute and to the USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL and the visits of Drs. T. Gagkaeva and O. Gavrilova to the University of Turku were supported financially by the Academy of Finland (no. 126917 and 131957) and the Nordic network project New Emerging Mycotoxins and Secondary Metabolites in Toxigenic Fungi of Northern Europe (project 090014), which was funded by the Nordic Research Board. We thank Ludmila S. Malinovskaya and Elena A. Pirjazeva (Moscow) for the help in the isolation of Fusarium isolates. Special thanks are due Anne-Maarit Ylilehto, Nathane Orwig, Thomas Usgaard, Stacy Sink, Marcie Moore and Kimberly McDonald for excellent technical support. The mention of trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U. S. Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 48 TC 19 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAY 14 PY 2011 VL 147 IS 1 BP 58 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.03.007 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 771BV UT WOS:000291133100008 PM 21459470 ER PT J AU Huang, LH AF Huang, Lihan TI Response to Letter to the Editor: Growth kinetics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in mechanically-tenderized beef. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 140: 40-48 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID BELEHRADEK-TYPE MODELS; TEMPERATURE C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM lihan.huang@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD MAY 14 PY 2011 VL 147 IS 1 BP 81 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.03.001 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 771BV UT WOS:000291133100012 ER PT J AU Blankenship, RE Tiede, DM Barber, J Brudvig, GW Fleming, G Ghirardi, M Gunner, MR Junge, W Kramer, DM Melis, A Moore, TA Moser, CC Nocera, DG Nozik, AJ Ort, DR Parson, WW Prince, RC Sayre, RT AF Blankenship, Robert E. Tiede, David M. Barber, James Brudvig, Gary W. Fleming, Graham Ghirardi, Maria Gunner, M. R. Junge, Wolfgang Kramer, David M. Melis, Anastasios Moore, Thomas A. Moser, Christopher C. Nocera, Daniel G. Nozik, Arthur J. Ort, Donald R. Parson, William W. Prince, Roger C. Sayre, Richard T. TI Comparing Photosynthetic and Photovoltaic Efficiencies and Recognizing the Potential for Improvement SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID CO2 CONCENTRATING MECHANISMS; SOLAR-ENERGY; CARBON FIXATION; QUANTUM YIELD; CHLOROPHYLL; CONVERSION; BIOFUELS; CYCLE; HYDROGENASES; MICROALGAE AB Comparing photosynthetic and photovoltaic efficiencies is not a simple issue. Although both processes harvest the energy in sunlight, they operate in distinctly different ways and produce different types of products: biomass or chemical fuels in the case of natural photosynthesis and nonstored electrical current in the case of photovoltaics. In order to find common ground for evaluating energy-conversion efficiency, we compare natural photosynthesis with present technologies for photovoltaic-driven electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen. Photovoltaic-driven electrolysis is the more efficient process when measured on an annual basis, yet short-term yields for photosynthetic conversion under optimal conditions come within a factor of 2 or 3 of the photovoltaic benchmark. We consider opportunities in which the frontiers of synthetic biology might be used to enhance natural photosynthesis for improved solar energy conversion efficiency. C1 [Blankenship, Robert E.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Blankenship, Robert E.] Washington Univ, Dept Chem, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Tiede, David M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Barber, James] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Div Mol Biosci, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Barber, James] Politecn Torino, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, I-10129 Turin, Italy. [Brudvig, Gary W.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Fleming, Graham] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fleming, Graham] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ghirardi, Maria] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Gunner, M. R.] CUNY, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Junge, Wolfgang] Univ Osnabruck, Div Biophys, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. [Kramer, David M.] Michigan State Univ, Biochem & Mol Biol & DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Melis, Anastasios] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Moore, Thomas A.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Moser, Christopher C.] Univ Penn, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Nocera, Daniel G.] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Nozik, Arthur J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Ort, Donald R.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Parson, William W.] Univ Washington, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Prince, Roger C.] ExxonMobil Biomed Sci, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA. [Sayre, Richard T.] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Blankenship, RE (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM blankenship@wustl.edu; tiede@anl.gov RI Junge, Wolfgang/F-6289-2012; Nozik, Arthur/A-1481-2012; Nozik, Arthur/P-2641-2016; OI Sayre, Richard/0000-0002-3153-7084 FU Council on Chemical and Biochemical Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX This article evolved from presentations and discussions at the workshop "What is the Efficiency of Photosynthesis?" held in May 2009 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, sponsored by the Council on Chemical and Biochemical Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The authors thank the members of the Council for their encouragement and assistance in developing this workshop. In addition, the authors are indebted to the agencies responsible for funding their individual research efforts, without which this work would not have been possible. NR 64 TC 512 Z9 518 U1 74 U2 690 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAY 13 PY 2011 VL 332 IS 6031 BP 805 EP 809 DI 10.1126/science.1200165 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 763CD UT WOS:000290529900037 PM 21566184 ER PT J AU Knoll, JE Ramos, ML Zeng, YJ Holbrook, CC Chow, M Chen, SX Maleki, S Bhattacharya, A Ozias-Akins, P AF Knoll, Joseph E. Ramos, M. Laura Zeng, Yajuan Holbrook, C. Corley Chow, Marjorie Chen, Sixue Maleki, Soheila Bhattacharya, Anjanabha Ozias-Akins, Peggy TI TILLING for allergen reduction and improvement of quality traits in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH OLEATE TRAIT; ARA H 2; CHEMICALLY-INDUCED MUTATIONS; IGE-BINDING EPITOPES; HIGH OLEIC-ACID; CULTIVATED PEANUT; REVERSE GENETICS; MUTANT POPULATION; IDENTIFICATION; DISCOVERY AB Background: Allergic reactions to peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) can cause severe symptoms and in some cases can be fatal, but avoidance is difficult due to the prevalence of peanut-derived products in processed foods. One strategy of reducing the allergenicity of peanuts is to alter or eliminate the allergenic proteins through mutagenesis. Other seed quality traits could be improved by altering biosynthetic enzyme activities. Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING), a reverse-genetics approach, was used to identify mutations affecting seed traits in peanut. Results: Two similar copies of a major allergen gene, Ara h 1, have been identified in tetraploid peanut, one in each subgenome. The same situation has been shown for major allergen Ara h 2. Due to the challenge of discriminating between homeologous genes in allotetraploid peanut, nested PCR was employed, in which both gene copies were amplified using unlabeled primers. This was followed by a second PCR using gene-specific labeled primers, heteroduplex formation, CEL1 nuclease digestion, and electrophoretic detection of labeled fragments. Using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) as a mutagen, a mutation frequency of 1 SNP/967 kb (3,420 M(2) individuals screened) was observed. The most significant mutations identified were a disrupted start codon in Ara h 2.02 and a premature stop codon in Ara h 1.02. Homozygous individuals were recovered in succeeding generations for each of these mutations, and elimination of Ara h 2.02 protein was confirmed. Several Ara h 1 protein isoforms were eliminated or reduced according to 2D gel analyses. TILLING also was used to identify mutations in fatty acid desaturase AhFAD2 (also present in two copies), a gene which controls the ratio of oleic to linoleic acid in the seed. A frameshift mutation was identified, resulting in truncation and inactivation of AhFAD2B protein. A mutation in AhFAD2A was predicted to restore function to the normally inactive enzyme. Conclusions: This work represents the first steps toward the goal of creating a peanut cultivar with reduced allergenicity. TILLING in peanut can be extended to virtually any gene, and could be used to modify other traits such as nutritional properties of the seed, as shown in this study. C1 [Knoll, Joseph E.; Ramos, M. Laura; Zeng, Yajuan; Bhattacharya, Anjanabha; Ozias-Akins, Peggy] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort NESPAL, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Knoll, Joseph E.; Holbrook, C. Corley] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chow, Marjorie; Chen, Sixue] Univ Florida, Interdisciplinary Ctr Biotechnol Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Maleki, Soheila] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Ozias-Akins, P (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Hort NESPAL, Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM pozias@uga.edu OI Bhattacharya, Anjanabha/0000-0002-5845-8968 FU Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research; Georgia Peanut Commission; Peanut Foundation; National Peanut Board; USDA [58-6435-6-050] FX This work was supported by the Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research, The Georgia Peanut Commission, the Peanut Foundation, the National Peanut Board and USDA Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-6435-6-050. We thank Evelyn Perry Morgan for technical assistance and Ye Chu for helpful discussion. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 22 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAY 12 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 81 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-11-81 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 776OF UT WOS:000291545000001 PM 21569438 ER PT J AU del Cacho, E Gallego, M Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Quilez, J Lillehoj, EP Sanchez-Acedo, C AF del Cacho, Emilio Gallego, Margarita Lee, Sung Hyen Lillehoj, Hyun Soon Quilez, Joaquin Lillehoj, Erik P. Sanchez-Acedo, Caridad TI Induction of protective immunity against Eimeria tenella infection using antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DC) and DC-derived exosomes SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Chicken; Dendritic cell; Exosome; Eimeria tenella; Immunity ID GONDII INFECTION; LEISHMANIA-MAJOR; VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; COCCIDIOSIS; RESISTANCE; RESPONSES; MICE; VIVO AB Current methods for sustainable control of avian coccidiosis, whether by prophylactic medication or parasite vaccination, are suboptimal. In this study, we describe an alternative immunization strategy against Eimeria tenella infection using parasite antigen (Ag)-loaded dendritic cells (DCs), or their derived exosomes, in the absence of free Ag. CD45(+) intestinal DCs were isolated from E. tenella-infected chickens and loaded ex vivo with an extract of sporozoites as parasite Ag. Extracellular vesicles purified from the Ag-pulsed DCs expressed surface proteins associated with DC-derived exosomes, including major histocompatibility complex proteins (MHC I and MHC II), CD80, flotillin, and heat shock protein (HSP70). Following intramuscular immunization of chickens with Ag-pulsed DCs or Ag-pulsed DC-derived exosomes, Ag-containing cells were observed diffusely localized in the lymphoid tissue and concentrated in germinal centers of caecal tonsils, and restricted to germinal centers (GC) in the spleen. Chickens immunized with pulsed DCs or exosomes exhibited (a) higher numbers of caecal tonsil and spleen cells expressing IgG and/or IgA antibodies that were reactive with E. tenella Ag, (b) greater numbers of IL-2-, IL-16-, and IFN-gamma-producing cells, and (c) higher E. tenella Ag-driven cell proliferation, compared with chickens immunized with Ag in the absence of DCs or exosomes. Chickens immunized with Ag-pulsed DCs or Ag-pulsed DC-derived exosomes and subsequently given a live E. tenella challenge infection at 10 d post-immunization displayed (a) increased body weight gains, (b) decreased feed conversion ratios, (c) reduced fecal oocyst shedding, (d) diminished intestinal lesions, and (e) lower mortality, compared with animals given Ag alone. This is the first demonstration of Ag-specific protective immunity against avian coccidiosis using parasite Ag-loaded DCs or DC-derived exosomes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [del Cacho, Emilio; Gallego, Margarita; Quilez, Joaquin; Sanchez-Acedo, Caridad] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Anim Pathol, Fac Vet Sci, Zaragoza, Spain. [Lee, Sung Hyen; Lillehoj, Hyun Soon] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP del Cacho, E (reprint author), Fac Vet, Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza 50013, Spain. EM edelcach@unizar.es FU Research Council of Aragon, Spain [A46] FX This investigation was supported in part by Grant A46 from the Research Council of Aragon, Spain. NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 12 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 21 BP 3818 EP 3825 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.022 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 770FN UT WOS:000291072500018 PM 21439315 ER PT J AU Rinaldi, M Dreesen, L Hoorens, PR Li, RW Claerebout, E Goddeeris, B Vercruysse, J Van den Broek, W Geldhof, P AF Rinaldi, Manuela Dreesen, Leentje Hoorens, Prisca R. Li, Robert W. Claerebout, Edwin Goddeeris, Bruno Vercruysse, Jozef Van den Broek, Wim Geldhof, Peter TI Infection with the gastrointestinal nematode Ostertagia ostertagi in cattle affects mucus biosynthesis in the abomasum SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; DISULFIDE-ISOMERASE FAMILY; NIPPOSTRONGYLUS-BRASILIENSIS; TREFOIL FACTOR; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; GASTRIC MUCIN; GOBLET CELL; TELADORSAGIA-CIRCUMCINCTA; MUCOSAL BARRIER; TFF-PEPTIDES AB The mucus layer in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is considered to be the first line of defense to the external environment. Alteration in mucus components has been reported to occur during intestinal nematode infection in ruminants, but the role of mucus in response to abomasal parasites remains largely unclear. The aim of the current study was to analyze the effects of an Ostertagia ostertagi infection on the abomasal mucus biosynthesis in cattle. Increased gene expression of MUC1, MUC6 and MUC20 was observed, while MUC5AC did not change during infection. Qualitative changes of mucins, related to sugar composition, were also observed. AB-PAS and HID-AB stainings highlighted a decrease in neutral and an increase in acidic mucins, throughout the infection. Several genes involved in mucin core structure synthesis, branching and oligomerization, such as GCNT3, GCNT4, A4GNT and protein disulphide isomerases were found to be upregulated. Increase in mucin fucosylation was observed using the lectin UEA-I and through the evaluation of fucosyltransferases gene expression levels. Finally, transcription levels of 2 trefoil factors, TFF1 and TFF3, which are co-expressed with mucins in the GI tract, were also found to be significantly upregulated in infected animals. Although the alterations in mucus biosynthesis started early during infection, the biggest effects were found when adult worms were present on the surface of the abomasal mucosa and are likely caused by the alterations in mucosal cell populations, characterized by hyperplasia of mucus secreting cells. C1 [Rinaldi, Manuela; Dreesen, Leentje; Hoorens, Prisca R.; Claerebout, Edwin; Goddeeris, Bruno; Vercruysse, Jozef; Geldhof, Peter] Univ Ghent, Dept Virol Parasitol & Immunol, Fac Vet Med, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. [Li, Robert W.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Goddeeris, Bruno] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Fac Biosci Engn, Dept Biosyst, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Van den Broek, Wim] Univ Ghent, Dept Morphol, Fac Vet Med, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. RP Geldhof, P (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Virol Parasitol & Immunol, Fac Vet Med, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. EM peter.geldhof@UGent.be RI Goddeeris, Bruno/L-2440-2015 OI Goddeeris, Bruno/0000-0003-3729-7592 FU Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen) [IWT-SB/61028/Hoorens]; Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (F.W.O.) [1.5.005.07]; Ghent University FX This research was funded by a PhD grant of the 'Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders' (IWT-Vlaanderen) (IWT-SB/61028/Hoorens), the 'Fund for Scientific Research Flanders' (F.W.O. 1.5.005.07) and Ghent University Concerted Research Actions. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 42 AR 61 DI 10.1186/1297-9716-42-61 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 770PR UT WOS:000291101300001 PM 21569362 ER PT J AU Fleshman, MK Lester, GE Riedl, KM Kopec, RE Narayanasamy, S Curley, RW Schwartz, SJ Harrison, EH AF Fleshman, Matthew K. Lester, Gene E. Riedl, Ken M. Kopec, Rachel E. Narayanasamy, Sureshbabu Curley, Robert W., Jr. Schwartz, Steven J. Harrison, Earl H. TI Carotene and Novel Apocarotenoid Concentrations in Orange-Fleshed Cucumis melo Melons: Determinations of beta-Carotene Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE carotenoids; beta-carotene; beta-apocarotenoids; bioaccessibility; bioavailability; in vitro digestion; Caco-2 cells; chromoplasts ID IN-VITRO ACCESSIBILITY; GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES; HUMAN INTESTINAL-CELLS; DIETARY VITAMIN-A; DIGESTION METHOD; ALPHA-CAROTENE; CACO-2 CELLS; PRO-VITAMIN; ACCUMULATION; CHROMOPLASTS AB Muskmelons, both cantaloupe (Cucumis melo Reticulatus Group) and orange-fleshed honeydew (C. melo Inodorus Group), a cross between orange-fleshed cantaloupe and green-fleshed honeydew, are excellent sources of beta-carotene. Although beta-carotene from melon is an important dietary antioxidant and precursor of vitamin A, its bioaccessibility/bioavailability is unknown. We compared beta-carotene concentrations from previously frozen orange-fleshed honeydew and cantaloupe melons grown under the same glasshouse conditions, and from freshly harvested field-grown, orange-fleshed honeydew melon to determine beta-carotene bioaccessibility/bioavailability, concentrations of novel beta-apocarotenals, and chromoplast structure of orange-fleshed honeydew melon. beta-Carotene and beta-apocarotenal concentrations were determined by HPLC and/or HPLC-MS, beta-carotene bioaccessibility/bioavailability was determined by in vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell uptake, and chromoplast structure was determined by electron microscopy. The average beta-carotene concentrations (mu g/g dry weight) for the orange-fleshed honeydew and cantaloupe were 242.8 and 176.3 respectively. The average dry weights per gram of wet weight of orange-fleshed honeydew and cantaloupe were 0.094 g and 0.071 g, respectively. The bioaccessibility of field-grown orange-fleshed honeydew melons was determined to be 3.2 +/- 0.3%, bioavailability in Caco-2 cells was about 11%, and chromoplast structure from orange-fleshed honeydew melons was globular (as opposed to crystalline) in nature. We detected beta-apo-8'-, beta-apo-10', beta-apo-12'-, and beta-apo-14'-carotenals and beta-carotene than cantaloupe. The bioaccessibility/bioavailability of beta-carotene from orange-fleshed melons was comparable to that from carrot (Daucus carota). C1 [Fleshman, Matthew K.; Harrison, Earl H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Human Nutr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lester, Gene E.] USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Riedl, Ken M.; Kopec, Rachel E.; Schwartz, Steven J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Narayanasamy, Sureshbabu; Curley, Robert W., Jr.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Pharm, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Lester, GE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 002, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gene.lester@ars.usda.gov; Harrison.304@osu.edu RI Riedl, Ken/G-8621-2014; Kopec, Rachel/A-1533-2017; OI Riedl, Ken/0000-0002-9020-3471; Schwartz, Steven/0000-0002-1427-5780 FU National Institutes of Health [R01-DK044498, R01-HL049879]; USDA FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health to E.H.H. (R01-DK044498 and R01-HL049879) and by the USDA. NR 35 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 9 BP 4448 EP 4454 DI 10.1021/jf200416a PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 757WX UT WOS:000290120400017 PM 21417375 ER PT J AU Huang, HQ Cheng, ZH Shi, HM Xin, WB Wang, TTY Yu, LL AF Huang, Haiqiu Cheng, Zhihong Shi, Haiming Xin, Wenbo Wang, Thomas T. Y. Yu, Liangli (Lucy) TI Isolation and Characterization of Two Flavonoids, Engeletin and Astilbin, from the Leaves of Engelhardia roxburghiana and Their Potential Anti-inflammatory Properties SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Anti-inflammatory; engeletin; astilbin; Engelhardia roxburghiana ID PROSTATE-CANCER CELLS; KAPPA-B ACTIVATION; TNF-ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN-6 IL-6; SOPHORA-FLAVESCENS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ALDOSE REDUCTASE; INNATE IMMUNITY; IFN-GAMMA; IN-VIVO AB Engeletin, a flavonoid compound, was isolated from the leaves of Engelhardia roxburghiana for the first time, along with astilbin, another flavonoid. The chemical structures of engeletin and astilbin were confirmed by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) spectra, and their anti-inflammatory activities were studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse J774A.1 macrophage cells. LPS induced the inflammatory state in macrophage cells and increased mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Engeletin and astilbin exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects on interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-6 mRNA expression. Significant inhibition of LPS-mediated mRNA expressions were also seen in LPS binding toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-10, chemoattractant monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 genes. The reduced expression of these cytokines may alleviate immune response and reduce inflammatory activation, indicating that engeletin and astilbin may serve as potential anti-inflammatory agents. C1 [Wang, Thomas T. Y.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Huang, Haiqiu; Cheng, Zhihong; Xin, Wenbo; Yu, Liangli (Lucy)] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cheng, Zhihong] Fudan Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, Sch Pharm, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. [Shi, Haiming; Yu, Liangli (Lucy)] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Food Safety & Human Nutr, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. RP Wang, TTY (reprint author), ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM tom.wang@ars.usda.gov; lyu5@umd.edu RI Huang, Haiqiu/J-8856-2012; shi, haiming/D-2806-2015 FU Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN); Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board (MGPUB); Maryland Soybean Board FX This research was partially supported by a research grant from the Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN), a grant from the Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board (MGPUB), and a grant from the Maryland Soybean Board. NR 49 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 9 BP 4562 EP 4569 DI 10.1021/jf2002969 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 757WX UT WOS:000290120400031 PM 21476602 ER PT J AU Kim, SP Yang, JY Kang, MY Park, JC Nam, SH Friedman, M AF Kim, Sung Phil Yang, Jun Young Kang, Mi Young Park, Jun Cheol Nam, Seok Hyun Friedman, Mendel TI Composition of Liquid Rice Hull Smoke and Anti-inflammatory Effects in Mice SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE liquid rice hull smoke; composition; GC/MS; cytokines; edema; histochemistry; immunochemistry; inflammation; mice feeding; food quality; food safety ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RAW 264.7 CELLS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; INFLAMMATION; SALMON; PRODUCTS; EXTRACTS; FILLETS; ASSAYS AB A new liquid rice hull smoke extract with a smoky aroma and sugar-like odor prepared by pyrolysis of rice hulls followed by liquefaction of the resulting smoke contained 161 compounds characterized by GC/MS. Antioxidative, antiallergic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the extract were assessed in vitro and in vivo. At pH 5, the extract inhibited 1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and suppressed nitric oxide (NO) and beta-hexosaminidase releases from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 mouse macrophage leukemia cells and ionophore A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 rat basophilic cells without significant cytotoxicity. 12-O-Tetradecanolylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was applied to the ears of CD-1 mice to induce inflammation (edema), which was accompanied by increases in a series of biomarkers. Topical application of 1% of the extract as well as feeding mice a standard diet with 1% extract for two weeks significantly reduced the expression of biomarkers associated with the TPA-induced inflammation. These include tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-1 beta, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), leukotriene B-4 (LTB4), prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)), myeloperoxidase (MPO). These in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrate the potential value of rice hull smoke extract derived from a major agricultural byproduct to serve as a new biomaterial for the improvement of food quality and safety and the environment. C1 [Yang, Jun Young; Nam, Seok Hyun] Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Kim, Sung Phil] Ajou Univ, Dept Mol Sci & Technol, Suwon 443749, South Korea. [Kang, Mi Young] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Park, Jun Cheol] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Anim Sci, Suwon 441706, South Korea. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Nam, SH (reprint author), Ajou Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Suwon 443749, South Korea. EM shnam@ajou.ac.kr; Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [200901OFT113068122] FX This research received grant support from the Agenda Program (No. 200901OFT113068122), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 9 BP 4570 EP 4581 DI 10.1021/jf2003392 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 757WX UT WOS:000290120400032 PM 21438497 ER PT J AU Qi, PX Onwulata, CI AF Qi, Phoebe X. Onwulata, Charles I. TI Physical Properties, Molecular Structures, and Protein Quality of Texturized Whey Protein Isolate: Effect of Extrusion Temperature SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE extrusion; texturization; whey protein isolate; alpha-lactalbumin; beta-lactoglobulin; molecular structure; temperature; protein quality; CD; fluorescence ID HEAT-INDUCED AGGREGATION; BOVINE BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; CHEESE WHEY; DENATURATION; KINETICS; MILK; PRODUCTS; FLUORESCENCE AB Although extrusion technology has contributed much to increasing the effective utilization of whey, the effect of extrusion conditions on the functional properties of the proteins is not well understood. In this work, the impact of extrusion temperature on the physical and chemical properties, molecular structures, and protein quality of texturized whey protein isolate (WPI) was investigated at a constant moisture content and compared with WPI treated with simple heat only. The Bradford assay methods, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography techniques were used to determine protein solubility and to analyze compositional changes in the two major whey proteins, alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin. Circular dichroism and intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopic techniques were applied to study the secondary and tertiary structures of the proteins. This study demonstrated that extrusion temperature is a critical but not the sole determining factor in affecting the functional properties of extruded WPI. C1 [Qi, Phoebe X.; Onwulata, Charles I.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Qi, PX (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Phoebe.Qi@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 9 BP 4668 EP 4675 DI 10.1021/jf2011744 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 757WX UT WOS:000290120400044 PM 21428411 ER PT J AU Harry-O'kuru, RE Biresaw, G Cermak, SC Gordon, SH Vermillion, K AF Harry-O'kuru, Rogers E. Biresaw, Girma Cermak, Steven C. Gordon, Sherald H. Vermillion, Karl TI Investigation of Some Characteristics of Polyhydroxy Milkweed Triglycerides and Their Acylated Derivatives in Relation to Lubricity SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Asclepiadaceae oil; polyhydroxy triglycerides; polyacyl triglycerides; rheology; cold-flow properties; film thickness; coefficient of friction; wear scar dimensions; lubricity ID OILS; FRICTION; ADSORPTION; MIXTURES; BEHAVIOR; ESTERS; FILMS; SHEAR AB Most industrial lubricants are derived from nonrenewable petroleum-based sources. As useful as these lubricants are, their unintended consequences are the pollution of the Earth's environment as a result of the slow degradation of the spent materials. Native seed oils, on the other hand, are renewable and are also biodegradable in the environment, but these oils often suffer a drawback in having lower thermal stability and a shorter shelf life because of the intrinsic -C=C- unsaturation in their structures. This drawback can be overcome, yet the inherent biodegradative property retained, by appropriate derivatization of the oil. Pursuant to this, this study investigated derivatized polyhydroxy milkweed oil to assess its suitability as lubricant. The milkweed plant is a member of the Asclepiadaceae, a family with many genera including the common milkweeds, Asclepias syriaca L., Asclepias speciosa L., Asclepias tuberosa L., etc. The seeds of these species contain mainly C-18 triglycerides that are highly unsaturated, 92%. The olefinic character of this oil has been chemically modified by generating polyhydroxy triglycerides (HMWO) that show high viscosity and excellent moisturizing characteristics. In this work, HMWO have been chemically modified by esterifying their hydroxyl groups with acyl groups of various chain lengths (C2-C5). The results of investigation into the effect of the acyl derivatives' chemical structure on kinematic and dynamic viscosity, oxidation stability, cold-flow (pour point, cloud point) properties, coefficient of friction, wear, and elastohydrodynamic film thickness are discussed. C1 [Harry-O'kuru, Rogers E.; Biresaw, Girma; Cermak, Steven C.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Gordon, Sherald H.] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vermillion, Karl] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Harry-O'kuru, RE (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Rogers.HarryOkuru@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 9 BP 4725 EP 4735 DI 10.1021/jf104746v PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 757WX UT WOS:000290120400051 PM 21428293 ER PT J AU Lonnerdal, B Mendoza, C Brown, KH Rutger, JN Raboy, V AF Loennerdal, Bo Mendoza, Concepcion Brown, Kenneth H. Rutger, J. Neil Raboy, Victor TI Zinc Absorption from low phytic acid Genotypes of Maize (Zea mays L.), Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Assessed in a Suckling Rat Pup Model SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE phytic acid; myo-inositol hexaphosphate; zinc; phenolic acid; bioavailability; maize; barley; rice ID INOSITOL HEXAPHOSPHATE IP6; LOW-PHYTATE; COMPLEMENTARY FOODS; PLANT FEEDSTUFFS; TOTAL PHOSPHORUS; SEED PHOSPHORUS; INFANT FORMULAS; IRON-ABSORPTION; SOYBEAN LINES; COWS MILK AB Dietary phytic acid is a major causative factor for low Zn bioavailability in many cereal- and legume-based diets. The bioavailability of Zn in seed of low phytic acid (lpa) variants of maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was evaluated using a suckling rat pup model. Suckling rat pups (14 days old, n = 6-8/treatment) were fasted for 6 h and intubated with Zn-65-radiolabeled suspensions prepared using seed produced by either wild-type (normal phytic acid) or lpa genotypes of each cereal. Test solutions were radiolabeled overnight (all genotypes) or immediately prior to intubation (barley genotypes). Pups were killed 6 h postintubation and tissues removed and counted in a gamma counter. Zn absorption was low from wild-type genotypes of maize (21, 33%) and rice (26%), and phytic acid reduction resulted in significantly higher Zn absorption, 47-52 and 35-52%, respectively. Zn absorption from wild-type barley incubated overnight was high (86-91%), and phytate reduction did not improve Zn absorption (84-90%), which is likely due to endogenous phytase activity. When the wild-type barley solutions were prepared immediately before intubation, Zn absorption was significantly lower (63, 78%) than from the lpa cultivars (92, 96%). Variation in seed or flour phenolic acid levels did not affect Zn absorption. Differences in seed Zn levels did not substantially affect Zn absorption. Thus, when phytic acid is abundant in a diet, it has a larger effect on Zn absorption than the level of Zn. Therefore, reducing the phytic acid content of staple cereal grains may contribute to enhancing Zn nutrition of populations consuming these staple foods. C1 [Loennerdal, Bo; Mendoza, Concepcion; Brown, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rutger, J. Neil] ARS, USDA, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Raboy, Victor] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Lonnerdal, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM bllonnerdal@ucdavis.edu NR 58 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 9 BP 4755 EP 4762 DI 10.1021/jf1043663 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 757WX UT WOS:000290120400054 PM 21417220 ER PT J AU Hurkman, WJ Wood, DF AF Hurkman, William J. Wood, Delilah F. TI High Temperature during Grain Fill Alters the Morphology of Protein and Starch Deposits in the Starchy Endosperm Cells of Developing Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grain SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE endosperm; grain fill; high temperature; starch granules; protein bodies; Triticum aestivum L.; wheat ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GRANULE SIZE DISTRIBUTION; HARD RED WINTER; STORAGE PROTEINS; SPRING WHEAT; ACCUMULATION; AMYLOPLASTS; EXPRESSION; CARYOPSES; GENES AB High temperature during grain fill reduces wheat yield and alters flour quality. Starchy endosperm cell morphology was investigated in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. 'Butte 86') grain produced under a 24/17 or 37/28 degrees C day/night regimen imposed from anthesis to maturity to identify changes in cell structure related to the functional properties of flour. The duration of grain fill decreased substantially under the 37/28 degrees C regimen, but, like the 24/17 degrees C regimen, endosperm cells in the mature grain were packed with starch and protein. However, A-type starch granules increased in number, decreased in size, and exhibited pitting; B-type granules decreased in both number and size; and the protein matrix was proportionally greater in endosperm cells of grain produced under the 37/28 degrees C regimen. Such changes in starch granule number, size, and structure and in protein amount are known to contribute to variations in wheat flour quality. C1 [Hurkman, William J.; Wood, Delilah F.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Hurkman, WJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM william.hurkman@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY 11 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 9 BP 4938 EP 4946 DI 10.1021/jf102962t PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 757WX UT WOS:000290120400075 PM 21417450 ER PT J AU Ibrahim, HMM Hosseini, P Alkharouf, NW Hussein, EHA El-Din, AYG Aly, MAM Matthews, BF AF Ibrahim, Heba M. M. Hosseini, Parsa Alkharouf, Nadim W. Hussein, Ebtissam H. A. El-Din, Abd El Kader Y. Gamal Aly, Mohammed A. M. Matthews, Benjamin F. TI Analysis of Gene expression in soybean (Glycine max) roots in response to the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita using microarrays and KEGG pathways SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID LASER CAPTURE MICRODISSECTION; PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; INDUCED GIANT-CELLS; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; CYST-NEMATODE; SALICYLIC-ACID; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; COMPATIBLE RESPONSE; FEEDING CELLS; JASMONIC ACID AB Background: Root-knot nematodes are sedentary endoparasites that can infect more than 3000 plant species. Root-knot nematodes cause an estimated $100 billion annual loss worldwide. For successful establishment of the root-knot nematode in its host plant, it causes dramatic morphological and physiological changes in plant cells. The expression of some plant genes is altered by the nematode as it establishes its feeding site. Results: We examined the expression of soybean (Glycine max) genes in galls formed in roots by the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, 12 days and 10 weeks after infection to understand the effects of infection of roots by M. incognita. Gene expression was monitored using the Affymetrix Soybean GeneChip containing 37,500 G. max probe sets. Gene expression patterns were integrated with biochemical pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes using PAICE software. Genes encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate and cell wall metabolism, cell cycle control and plant defense were altered. Conclusions: A number of different soybean genes were identified that were differentially expressed which provided insights into the interaction between M. incognita and soybean and into the formation and maintenance of giant cells. Some of these genes may be candidates for broadening plants resistance to root-knot nematode through over-expression or silencing and require further examination. C1 [Ibrahim, Heba M. M.; Matthews, Benjamin F.] Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hosseini, Parsa; Alkharouf, Nadim W.] Towson Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Ibrahim, Heba M. M.; Hussein, Ebtissam H. A.; El-Din, Abd El Kader Y. Gamal] Cairo Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Genet, Giza, Egypt. [Aly, Mohammed A. M.] United Arab Emirates Univ, Coll Food & Agr, Dept Arid Land Agr, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. RP Matthews, BF (reprint author), Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ben.matthews@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board [Y9254]; US-Egypt Science and Technology project [BIO8-001-002]; Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ007031] FX The authors thank Peggy MacDonald for her excellent technical assistance, Leslie Wanner for her careful critical review of the manuscript, and Elizabeth Matthews for revision of figures. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from grants from United Soybean Board project number Y9254, the US-Egypt Science and Technology project number BIO8-001-002 and from the BioGreen 21 Program (no. PJ007031), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 54 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 35 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 220 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-220 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 771GW UT WOS:000291146200001 PM 21569240 ER PT J AU Lee, GA Kwon, SJ Park, YJ Lee, MC Kim, HH Lee, JS Lee, SY Gwag, JG Kim, CK Ma, KH AF Lee, Gi-An Kwon, Soon-Jae Park, Yong-Jin Lee, Myung-Chul Kim, Haeng-Hoon Lee, Jae-Sun Lee, Sok-Young Gwag, Jae-Gyun Kim, Chung-Kon Ma, Kyung-Ho TI Cross-amplification of SSR markers developed from Allium sativum to other Allium species SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE SSRs; Cross-species amplification; Transferability; Genus Allium ID SEQUENCE REPEAT MARKERS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SUBGENUS RHIZIRIDEUM; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE; GERMPLASM ANALYSIS; EST DATABASES; FISTULOSUM; GENOME; DNA; L. AB For genetic analysis of the genus Allium, which is composed of diverse species, we acquired 50 transferable and polymorphic microsatellite markers from A. sativum and tested them for transferability in five Album species. Among the 50 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci, the dinucleotide motif was the most prevalent, with a ratio of 50% (25/50), and (GT)n was more frequent than (GA)n within the dinucleotide motif. The average number of amplified alleles ranged from 1.452 to 1.910 and the accessions of A. tuberosum had a maximum of 4.8 alleles per accession with the GB-AS-104 SSR marker. Whereas A. porrum belonging to the Allium section revealed 73.0% transferability, A. altaicum and A. fistulosum appertaining to different sections showed low transferability, with a ratio of 47.6% and 48.0%, respectively. The phylogenetic results for these SSR markers did not deviate from previous classifications of the genus Allium. As the rate of successful amplification of SSR markers generally correlates with genetic distance, these SSR markers are potentially useful in the analysis of genetic relationships between or within Allium species. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Gi-An; Lee, Myung-Chul; Kim, Haeng-Hoon; Lee, Sok-Young; Gwag, Jae-Gyun; Kim, Chung-Kon; Ma, Kyung-Ho] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Natl Agrobiodivers Ctr, RDA, Suwon 441707, Gyunggi Do, South Korea. [Kwon, Soon-Jae] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Park, Yong-Jin] Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Plant Resources, Yesan 340702, South Korea. [Lee, Jae-Sun] Garl Res Inst, Agr Res & Extens Serv, Danyang 395841, South Korea. RP Ma, KH (reprint author), Natl Acad Agr Sci, Natl Agrobiodivers Ctr, RDA, 88-20 Seodun Dong, Suwon 441707, Gyunggi Do, South Korea. EM khma@korea.kr FU Rural Development Administration (RDA); National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Republic of Korea [PJ006825] FX This study was supported by the Rural Development Administration (RDA), a grant (Code # PJ006825) from the National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Republic of Korea. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 128 IS 4 BP 401 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2011.02.014 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 766VS UT WOS:000290815300005 ER PT J AU Wu, G Wang, XL Li, XB Kamiya, YJ Otegui, MS Chory, J AF Wu, Guang Wang, Xiuling Li, Xianbin Kamiya, Yuji Otegui, Marisa S. Chory, Joanne TI Methylation of a Phosphatase Specifies Dephosphorylation and Degradation of Activated Brassinosteroid Receptors SO SCIENCE SIGNALING LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; GENE-EXPRESSION; KINASE BRI1; SERINE/THREONINE PHOSPHATASES; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS AB Internalization of cell surface receptors, followed by either recycling back to the plasma membrane or degradation, is crucial for receptor homeostasis and signaling. The plant brassinosteroid ( BR) receptor, BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), undergoes constitutive cycling between the plasma membrane and the internal membranes. We show that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) dephosphorylated BRI1 and that Arabidopsis thaliana rcn1, a mutant for a PP2A subunit, caused an increase in BRI1 abundance and BR signaling. We report the identification, in A. thaliana, of a suppressor of bri1, sbi1, which caused selective accumulation of BR-activated BRI1, but not the BR co-receptor BAK1 (BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1), in the membranous compartment. SBI1 mRNA was induced by BRs, and SBI1 encodes a leucine carboxylmethyltransferase (LCMT) that methylated PP2A and controlled its membrane-associated subcellular localization. We propose that BRs increase production of SBI1, which methylates PP2A, thus facilitating its association with activated BRI1. This leads to receptor dephosphorylation and degradation, and thus to the termination of BR signaling. C1 [Wu, Guang; Kamiya, Yuji] RIKEN, Inst Plant Sci, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan. [Wu, Guang; Otegui, Marisa S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wu, Guang; Wang, Xiuling] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Shandong Key Lab Crop Biol, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Li, Xianbin] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Chory, Joanne] Salk Inst Biol Studies, Howard Hughes Med Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Wu, Guang; Chory, Joanne] Salk Inst Biol Studies, Plant Biol Lab, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Wu, G (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Plant Gene Express, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM gwu3@wisc.edu; chory@salk.edu RI Wu, Guang/C-6312-2011; Kamiya, Yuji/F-9420-2010; OI Kamiya, Yuji/0000-0003-4415-520X; Otegui, Marisa/0000-0003-4699-6950 FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; U.S. Department of Agriculture (National Research Initiative Competitive) [2006-35304-16586]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [IOS-06-49389, MCB-0619736, MCB-0843151]; Ruth L. Kirschstein NIH; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; [18-06765] FX These studies were supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (National Research Initiative Competitive grant 2006-35304-16586) and National Science Foundation (NSF) (IOS-06-49389) to J.C., NSF grants MCB-0619736 and MCB-0843151 to M.S.O., and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 18-06765 to Y.K. G.W. was supported by Ruth L. Kirschstein NIH and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowships. NR 59 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1937-9145 J9 SCI SIGNAL JI Sci. Signal. PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 4 IS 172 AR ra29 DI 10.1126/scisignal.2001258 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 761XL UT WOS:000290435200001 PM 21558554 ER PT J AU Webster, CG Reitz, SR Perry, KL Adkins, S AF Webster, Craig G. Reitz, Stuart R. Perry, Keith L. Adkins, Scott TI A natural M RNA reassortant arising from two species of plant- and insect-infecting bunyaviruses and comparison of its sequence and biological properties to parental species SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bunyaviridae; Tospovirus; Groundnut ringspot virus; Tomato chlorotic spot virus; Tomato spotted wilt virus; Thrips ID SPOTTED-WILT-VIRUS; GROUNDNUT-RINGSPOT-VIRUS; M-SEGMENT REASSORTMENT; SILVER MOTTLE VIRUS; VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; GENOME REASSORTMENT; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS; THRIPS TRANSMISSION; SNOWSHOE HARE; SILENCING SUPPRESSOR AB Reassortment allows multicomponent viruses to exchange genome segments, a process well-documented in the vertebrate- and arthropod-infecting members of the family Bunyaviridae but not between distinct species of the plant- and insect-infecting members of the genus Tospovirus. Genome sequence comparisons of a virus causing severe tospovirus-like symptoms in Florida tomato with Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV) and Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV) demonstrated that reassortment has occurred, with the large (L) and small (S) RNAs coming from GRSV and the medium (M) RNA coming from TCSV (i.e. L(G)M(T)S(G)). Neither parental genotype is known to occur in the U.S. suggesting that L(G)M(T)S(G) was introduced as a reassortant. L(G)M(T)S(G) was transmitted by western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis [Pergandep]), and was not able to overcome the Sw5 resistance gene of tomato. Our demonstration of reassortment between GRSV and TCSV suggests caution in defining species within the family Bunyaviridae based on their ability to reassort. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Webster, Craig G.; Adkins, Scott] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Reitz, Stuart R.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Perry, Keith L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Adkins, S (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM scott.adkins@ars.usda.gov RI Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008 NR 74 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 413 IS 2 BP 216 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.02.011 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 757CS UT WOS:000290062400008 PM 21382631 ER PT J AU Diaz-San Segundo, F Weiss, M Perez-Martin, E Koster, MJ Zhu, J Grubman, MJ de los Santos, T AF Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna Weiss, Marcelo Perez-Martin, Eva Koster, Marla J. Zhu, James Grubman, Marvin J. de los Santos, Teresa TI Antiviral activity of bovine type III interferon against foot-and-mouth disease virus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE FMDV; Interferon; Bovine interferon lambda; IFN-lambda; IL28B; Interferon stimulated genes; Antiviral activity ID RAPIDLY PROTECTS SWINE; IFN-LAMBDA; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; EXPRESSION; REPLICATION; CELLS; COMBINATION; INFECTIONS; INDUCTION; SYSTEM AB Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most serious threats to the livestock industry. Despite the availability of a vaccine, recent outbreaks in disease-free countries have demonstrated that development of novel FMD control strategies is imperative. Here we report the identification and characterization of bovine (bo) interferon lambda 3 (IFN-lambda 3), a member of the type III IFN family. Expression of bolFN-lambda 3 using a replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 vector (Ad5-bolFN-lambda 3) yielded a glycosylated secreted protein with antiviral activity against FMD virus (FMDV) and vesicular stomatitis virus in bovine cell culture. Inoculation of cattle with Ad5-bolFN-lambda 3 induced systemic antiviral activity and up-regulation of IFN stimulated gene expression in multiple tissues susceptible to FMDV infection. Our results demonstrate that the type III IFN family is conserved in bovines and bolFN-lambda 3 has potential for further development as a biotherapeutic candidate to inhibit FMDV or other viruses in cattle. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Weiss, Marcelo; Perez-Martin, Eva; Koster, Marla J.; Zhu, James; Grubman, Marvin J.; de los Santos, Teresa] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Weiss, Marcelo; Perez-Martin, Eva] PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP de los Santos, T (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM teresa.delosantos@ars.usda.gov RI Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012 OI Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210 FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; CRIS [1940-32000-053-00D ARS]; USDA (Teresa de los Santos and Marvin J. Grubman); Department of Homeland Security [60-1940-9-028, 60-1940-7-047] FX This research was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (appointments of Fayna Diaz-San Segundo, Marcelo Weiss and Eva Perez-Martin), by CRIS project number 1940-32000-053-00D ARS, USDA (Teresa de los Santos and Marvin J. Grubman) and by reimbursable agreements with the Department of Homeland Security 60-1940-9-028 Task 3a (Teresa de los Santos) and 60-1940-7-047 (Marvin J. Grubman). We thank Dr Jonathan Arzt for advice in bovine necropsies, Camila Dias, Betty Bishop, Traci Turecek and Beatriz Garbelotti Matias for technical support and Dr Zhiqiang Lu for DNA sequencing. We are also thankful to the Plum Island animal caretakers for their superb assistance with animal experiments. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAY 10 PY 2011 VL 413 IS 2 BP 283 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.02.023 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 757CS UT WOS:000290062400015 PM 21435672 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. TI Molecular identification and virulence of three Aeromonas hydrophila isolates cultured from infected channel catfish during a disease outbreak in west Alabama (USA) in 2009 SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas hydrophila; Molecular analysis; Virulence; Channel catfish ID SALMONICIDA; GOLDFISH AB Three isolates (AL09-71, AL09-72, and AL09-73) of Aeromonas hydrophila were cultured from infected channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus during a disease outbreak in west Alabama, USA, in August 2009. Sequence analysis of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ISR), cpn60, gyrB, and rpoD genes of the 3 strains revealed that the 3 strains were closely related to each other, sharing 97 to 99% nucleotide sequence similarities. However, ISR sequences of the 3 isolates from 2009 shared only 64% nucleotide sequences with AL98-C1B, a 1998 isolate of A. hydrophila cultured from diseased fish in Alabama. Sequences of cpn60, gyrB, and rpoD from the 3 isolates from 2009 shared 91 to 95% homologies with AL98-C1B. Based on both LD(50) and LD(95) values of intraperitoneal injection assays, the virulences of the 3 isolates from 2009 were not significantly different from each other, but were at least 200-fold more virulent than AL98-C1B, indicating that the 3 west Alabama isolates of A. hydrophila from 2009 were highly virulent to channel catfish. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM julia.pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank D. Xu (USDA-ARS) and V. Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript; B. Hemstreet (Alabama Fish Farming Center), J. Terhune (Auburn University), and J. Bebak (USDA-ARS) for obtaining the 2009 isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila; B. Peterman (USDA-ARS) for technical support; and B. Scheffler and F. Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for sequencing work. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project no. 6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Re search Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 24 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD MAY 9 PY 2011 VL 94 IS 3 BP 249 EP 253 DI 10.3354/dao02332 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 763SV UT WOS:000290580900010 PM 21790073 ER PT J AU Sui, RX Hartley, BE Gibson, JM Yang, CH Thomasson, JA Searcy, S AF Sui, Ruixiu Hartley, Brandon E. Gibson, John M. Yang, Chenghai Thomasson, J. Alex Searcy, StephenW. TI High-biomass sorghum yield estimate with aerial imagery SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE biomass logistics; remote sensing; sorghum; yield; biofuels ID NITROGEN STATUS; CROP YIELD; COTTON; INDEXES; GROWTH AB To reach the goals laid out by the U. S. Government for displacing fossil fuels with biofuels, high-biomass sorghum is well-suited to achieving this goal because it requires less water per unit dry biomass and can produce very high biomass yields. In order to make biofuels economically competitive with fossil fuels it is essential to maximize production efficiency throughout the system. The goal of this study was to use remote sensing technologies to optimize the yield and harvest logistics of high-biomass sorghum with respect to production costs based on spatial variability within and among fields. Specific objectives were to compare yield to aerial multispectral imagery and develop predictive relationships. A 19.2-ha high-biomass sorghum field was selected as a study site and aerial multispectral images were acquired with a four-camera imaging system on July 17, 2009. Sorghum plant samples were collected at predetermined geographic coordinates to determine biomass yield. Aerial images were processed to find relationships between image reflectance and yield of the biomass sorghum. Results showed that sorghum biomass yield in early August was closely related (R(2) = 0.76) to spectral reflectance. However, in the late season the correlations between the biomass yield and spectral reflectance were not as positive as in the early season. The eventual outcome of this work could lead to predicted-yield maps based on remotely sensed images, which could be used in developing field management practices to optimize yield and harvest logistics. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3586795] C1 [Sui, Ruixiu] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Hartley, Brandon E.; Gibson, John M.; Thomasson, J. Alex; Searcy, StephenW.] Texas A&M Univ, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Yang, Chenghai] USDA ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Sui, RX (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM ruixiu.sui@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD MAY 9 PY 2011 VL 5 AR 053523 DI 10.1117/1.3586795 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 764GK UT WOS:000290617400001 ER PT J AU van der Velde, M van der Eerden, BC Sun, Y Delhanty, PJ Almering, JM van der Lely, AJ Smith, RG van Leeuwen, JR AF van der Velde, M. van der Eerden, B. C. Sun, Y. Delhanty, P. J. Almering, J. M. van der Lely, A. -J. Smith, R. G. van Leeuwen, J. R. TI Aging unmasks ghrelin's bone-protective effects through shifting from systemic stimulation to local inhibition of osteoclastogenesis SO BONE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Joint Meeting of the European-Calcified-Tissue-Society/International-Bone-and-Mineral-Society CY MAY 07-11, 2011 CL Athens, GREECE SP European Calcified Tissue Soc, Int Bone & Mineral Soc C1 [van der Velde, M.; van der Eerden, B. C.; Delhanty, P. J.; van der Lely, A. -J.; van Leeuwen, J. R.] ERASMUS MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Sun, Y.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Sun, Y.] Baylor Coll Med, Huffington Ctr Aging, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Almering, J. M.] Univ Saarland, Homburg, Germany. [Smith, R. G.] Scripps Res Inst, Jupiter, FL USA. RI van der Eerden, BC/I-7496-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD MAY 7 PY 2011 VL 48 SU 2 BP S127 EP S127 DI 10.1016/j.bone.2011.03.247 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 754TJ UT WOS:000289879800224 ER PT J AU van der Velde, M Van Der Eerden, BC Sun, Y Delhanty, PJ Almering, JM van der Lely, AJ Smith, RG van Leeuwen, JP AF van der Velde, M. Van Der Eerden, B. C. Sun, Y. Delhanty, P. J. Almering, J. M. van der Lely, A. -J. Smith, R. G. van Leeuwen, J. P. TI Deletion of Ghrl, but not Ghsr increases bone turnover in male mice implicating specific effects for acylated and unacylated ghrelin SO BONE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Joint Meeting of the European-Calcified-Tissue-Society/International-Bone-and-Mineral-Society CY MAY 07-11, 2011 CL Athens, GREECE SP European Calcified Tissue Soc, Int Bone & Mineral Soc C1 [van der Velde, M.; Van Der Eerden, B. C.; Delhanty, P. J.; van der Lely, A. -J.; van Leeuwen, J. P.] ERASMUS MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Sun, Y.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Sun, Y.] Baylor Coll Med, Huffington Ctr Aging, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Almering, J. M.] Univ Saarland, Homburg, Germany. [Smith, R. G.] Scripps Res Inst, Jupiter, FL USA. RI van der Eerden, BC/I-7496-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD MAY 7 PY 2011 VL 48 SU 2 BP S127 EP S128 DI 10.1016/j.bone.2011.03.248 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 754TJ UT WOS:000289879800225 ER PT J AU Van Loan, MD LaBouesse, MA Gertz, ER Piccolo, BD Keim, NL Adams, SH AF Van Loan, M. D. LaBouesse, M. A. Gertz, E. R. Piccolo, B. D. Keim, N. L. Adams, S. H. TI Can dairy foods minimize bone loss during weight loss in overweight and obese adults? SO BONE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 3rd Joint Meeting of the European-Calcified-Tissue-Society/International-Bone-and-Mineral-Society CY MAY 07-11, 2011 CL Athens, GREECE SP European Calcified Tissue Soc, Int Bone & Mineral Soc C1 [Van Loan, M. D.; Gertz, E. R.; Keim, N. L.; Adams, S. H.] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [LaBouesse, M. A.] AgroParisTech, Human Nutr, Paris, France. [Piccolo, B. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 8756-3282 J9 BONE JI Bone PD MAY 7 PY 2011 VL 48 SU 2 BP S64 EP S64 DI 10.1016/j.bone.2011.03.056 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 754TJ UT WOS:000289879800049 ER PT J AU Cabrera-Walsh, G Schooler, S Julien, M AF Cabrera-Walsh, Guillermo Schooler, Shon Julien, Mic TI Biology and preliminary host range of Hydrotimetes natans Kolbe (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a natural enemy candidate for biological control of Cabomba caroliniana Gray (Cabombaceae) in Australia SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bagoini; biocontrol; cabomba; host specificity; invasive aquatic plant AB Cabomba caroliniana, otherwise known as cabomba, is a submerged, rooted macrophyte with heavily dissected leaves that produces flowers that extend above the water surface. It has been disseminated around the world by aquarium traders and enthusiasts, and has become a noxious weed in numerous countries, including Australia, where it often produces dense monospecific stands. It is considered native to southern parts of North and South America, and is a common plant in floodplain streams and lakes in north-east Argentina. Because of the lack of alternative control methods, a search for biological control agents was initiated in 2003. The most promising natural enemy found during surveys of C. caroliniana in Argentina was the aquatic weevil Hydrotimetes natans. The entire life cycle is completed on the plant, primarily underwater, except when the adults climb onto emergent flowers to mate. Larvae mine the stems, pupal cases are constructed in the leaf axils where the petiole joins the stem, and adults feed on the leaves and the stems, primarily at the growing tips. Field surveys of C. caroliniana and other submerged plant species, as well as results from preliminary laboratory host range trials suggest that the weevil is specific to cabomba. Adults were found only on other plant species when intertwined with C. caroliniana in the field and did not move onto other plant species in aquaria trials. The distribution of the larvae in the field was studied in relation to depth and plant size. No preferences for stem width or plant length were found, although a significant portion of the larval mines were located near the root crown of the plant. This information on the host specificity and biology of H. natans in its native range may guide researchers studying the laboratory fundamental host range and determining the potential effectiveness of the weevil for biological control of cabomba in its introduced range. C1 [Cabrera-Walsh, Guillermo] ARS, USDA, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Agr Res Serv Lab,US Embassy Buenos Aires, APO, AA 34034 USA. [Schooler, Shon; Julien, Mic] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Ecosci Precinct, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Cabrera-Walsh, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Agr Res Serv Lab,US Embassy Buenos Aires, Unit 4325, APO, AA 34034 USA. EM gcabrera@speedy.com.ar RI Schooler, Shon/C-1860-2008; Julien, Mic/B-6619-2009 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1326-6756 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PD MAY 5 PY 2011 VL 50 BP 200 EP 206 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2010.00793.x PN 2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 766YB UT WOS:000290821400014 ER PT J AU Shockley, FW Vandenberg, NJ AF Shockley, Floyd W. Vandenberg, Natalia J. TI Notes on the taxonomic identity of Bystus hirtulus (Kirsch) and transfer from Endomychidae to Coccinellidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea), with designation of a lectotype for Alexia hirtula Kirsch SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; Endomychidae; Coccinellidae; Anamorphinae; Microweiseinae; Cryptognathini; new combinations AB During an examination of type material of the New World endomychid genus Bystus Guerin-Meneville (Anamorphinae), the type series of Alexia hirtula Kirsch from Peru was found to contain a mixture of different taxa, none of which belong to the genus Bystus, the subfamily Anamorphinae, or even the family Endomychidae. Alexia hirtula is transferred to Delphastus Casey (Coccinellidae: Microweiseinae: Serangiini), establishing the new combination, Delphastus hirtulus (Kirsch), and a lectotype is designated. Of the three paralectotypes, one appears to be conspecific with the lectotype, one is identified as an undescribed species of Microscymnus Champion (Coccinellidae: Cryptognathini), and one, a partial specimen lacking the head, pronotum, and one elytron, is identified as a species of Leiodidae in the tribe Scotocryptini, probably Aglyptinus Cockerell. A diagnosis and redescription of D. hirtulus is provided, and Gordon's (1994) key to Delphastus is modified to accommodate the newly transferred species. The historical classification of D. hirtulus is discussed along with characters justifying its revised placement. C1 [Shockley, Floyd W.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Vandenberg, Natalia J.] ARS, SEL, Plant Sci Inst,USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Shockley, FW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC-165, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM ShockleyF@si.edu; Natalia.Vandenberg@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation [0329115] FX We thank Drs. Klaus Klass and Olaf Jaeger, Museum fur Tierkunde, Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden (SMTD), for loaning us Kirsch's syntypes of Alexia hirtula and for allowing us to dissect one of the specimens. We thank Juanita Forrester and Adriano Giorgi, both of the University of Georgia, and Warren Steiner, Smithsonian Research Associate, National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), for their assistance in making the initial family level identifications of the syntype series. Jens Prena (SEL) translated Kirsch's original description from Latin into English and assisted in tracking down literature citations for old catalogues; both he and Chris Thompson, Smithsonian Research Associate (NMNH), provided valuable discussion on the rules governing zoological nomenclature. Lisa Roberts (SEL) created the setal map and assisted with vector outlines for the head drawings. Marie Metz captured digital images of the type series. Joe McHugh, University of Georgia, and John Brown and Al Norrbom (SEL) provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0329115 (to J.V. McHugh, M.F. Whiting, and K.B. Miller). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 5 PY 2011 IS 2868 BP 62 EP 68 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 758XF UT WOS:000290200100003 ER PT J AU Straub, SCK Fishbein, M Livshultz, T Foster, Z Parks, M Weitemier, K Cronn, RC Liston, A AF Straub, Shannon C. K. Fishbein, Mark Livshultz, Tatyana Foster, Zachary Parks, Matthew Weitemier, Kevin Cronn, Richard C. Liston, Aaron TI Building a model: developing genomic resources for common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) with low coverage genome sequencing SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE; GROUP-I INTRON; CHLOROPLAST GENOME; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; CATHARANTHUS-ROSEUS; PLASTID GENOMES; RIBOSOMAL DNA; HIGHER-PLANTS; PHYLOGENETIC RESOLUTION AB Background: Milkweeds (Asclepias L.) have been extensively investigated in diverse areas of evolutionary biology and ecology; however, there are few genetic resources available to facilitate and compliment these studies. This study explored how low coverage genome sequencing of the common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) could be useful in characterizing the genome of a plant without prior genomic information and for development of genomic resources as a step toward further developing A. syriaca as a model in ecology and evolution. Results: A 0.5x genome of A. syriaca was produced using Illumina sequencing. A virtually complete chloroplast genome of 158,598 bp was assembled, revealing few repeats and loss of three genes: accD, clpP, and ycf1. A nearly complete rDNA cistron (18S-5.8S-26S; 7,541 bp) and 5S rDNA (120 bp) sequence were obtained. Assessment of polymorphism revealed that the rDNA cistron and 5S rDNA had 0.3% and 26.7% polymorphic sites, respectively. A partial mitochondrial genome sequence (130,764 bp), with identical gene content to tobacco, was also assembled. An initial characterization of repeat content indicated that Ty1/copia-like retroelements are the most common repeat type in the milkweed genome. At least one A. syriaca microread hit 88% of Catharanthus roseus (Apocynaceae) unigenes (median coverage of 0.29x) and 66% of single copy orthologs (COSII) in asterids (median coverage of 0.14x). From this partial characterization of the A. syriaca genome, markers for population genetics (microsatellites) and phylogenetics (low-copy nuclear genes) studies were developed. Conclusions: The results highlight the promise of next generation sequencing for development of genomic resources for any organism. Low coverage genome sequencing allows characterization of the high copy fraction of the genome and exploration of the low copy fraction of the genome, which facilitate the development of molecular tools for further study of a target species and its relatives. This study represents a first step in the development of a community resource for further study of plant-insect co-evolution, anti-herbivore defense, floral developmental genetics, reproductive biology, chemical evolution, population genetics, and comparative genomics using milkweeds, and A. syriaca in particular, as ecological and evolutionary models. C1 [Straub, Shannon C. K.; Foster, Zachary; Parks, Matthew; Weitemier, Kevin; Liston, Aaron] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Fishbein, Mark] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Livshultz, Tatyana] Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Cronn, Richard C.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Straub, SCK (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM straubs@science.oregonstate.edu OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB 0919583] FX The authors thank Michael Moore and Douglas Soltis for providing the unpublished Nerium oleander chloroplast genome sequence, Winthrop Phippen for supplying the tissue used for genome size estimation and sequence comparisons, Chris Poklemba for collecting the flow cytometry data, Brian Knaus for access to data processing scripts, Christopher Sullivan for informatics infrastructure management and assistance, Mark Dasenko for Illumina sequencing support, LaRinda Holland, Wyatt Sharber, Angela Rein, and Kevin Kilhoffer for laboratory assistance, and Aakrosh Ratan for YASRA access and support. This research was funded by a grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation Systematic Biology Program (DEB 0919583) to RCC, MF, and AL. NR 108 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 43 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD MAY 4 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 211 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-211 PG 22 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 778FJ UT WOS:000291687800001 PM 21542930 ER PT J AU Elshire, RJ Glaubitz, JC Sun, Q Poland, JA Kawamoto, K Buckler, ES Mitchell, SE AF Elshire, Robert J. Glaubitz, Jeffrey C. Sun, Qi Poland, Jesse A. Kawamoto, Ken Buckler, Edward S. Mitchell, Sharon E. TI A Robust, Simple Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) Approach for High Diversity Species SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MAIZE GENOME; POPULATION; GENERATION; ASSOCIATION; PLANT; MAP AB Advances in next generation technologies have driven the costs of DNA sequencing down to the point that genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) is now feasible for high diversity, large genome species. Here, we report a procedure for constructing GBS libraries based on reducing genome complexity with restriction enzymes (REs). This approach is simple, quick, extremely specific, highly reproducible, and may reach important regions of the genome that are inaccessible to sequence capture approaches. By using methylation-sensitive REs, repetitive regions of genomes can be avoided and lower copy regions targeted with two to three fold higher efficiency. This tremendously simplifies computationally challenging alignment problems in species with high levels of genetic diversity. The GBS procedure is demonstrated with maize (IBM) and barley (Oregon Wolfe Barley) recombinant inbred populations where roughly 200,000 and 25,000 sequence tags were mapped, respectively. An advantage in species like barley that lack a complete genome sequence is that a reference map need only be developed around the restriction sites, and this can be done in the process of sample genotyping. In such cases, the consensus of the read clusters across the sequence tagged sites becomes the reference. Alternatively, for kinship analyses in the absence of a reference genome, the sequence tags can simply be treated as dominant markers. Future application of GBS to breeding, conservation, and global species and population surveys may allow plant breeders to conduct genomic selection on a novel germplasm or species without first having to develop any prior molecular tools, or conservation biologists to determine population structure without prior knowledge of the genome or diversity in the species. C1 [Elshire, Robert J.; Glaubitz, Jeffrey C.; Kawamoto, Ken; Buckler, Edward S.; Mitchell, Sharon E.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sun, Qi] Cornell Univ, Computat Biol Serv Unit, Ithaca, NY USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] ARS, Plant Soil & Nutr Res Unit, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Elshire, RJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sem30@cornell.edu OI Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X; Elshire, Robert/0000-0003-1753-6920; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU National Science Foundation [0820619, 0965342]; United States Department of Agriculture/National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation awards 0820619 and 0965342, and the United States Department of Agriculture/National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Barley Coordinated Agriculture Project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 1069 Z9 1086 U1 54 U2 578 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAY 4 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 5 AR e19379 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0019379 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 759EZ UT WOS:000290224800026 PM 21573248 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Mc Kay, F Heard, TA AF Gagne, Raymond J. Mc Kay, Fernando Heard, Tim A. TI A new species of Neolasioptera (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Parkinsonia aculeata (Leguminosae) in Argentina for possible use in biological control in Australia, with a key to Neotropical species of Neolasioptera SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE gall midges; biological control; key AB Neolasioptera aculeatae Gagne (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is described as a new species from stem swellings on Parkinsonia aculeata L. (Leguminosae) in NW Argentina. The new species appears to be a good candidate for the biological control of its host in Australia, where the plant was accidentally introduced and is currently a serious pest. The species is shown to be distinct from its 64 Neotropical congeners. A preliminary key to these species is offered that can be adapted as more work is done on Neolasioptera. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,US Natl Museum NHB 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Mc Kay, Fernando] USDA, Agr Res Serv, S Amer Biol Control Lab, RA-1686 Hurlingham, Argentina. [Heard, Tim A.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, EcoSci Precinct, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,US Natl Museum NHB 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; fmckay@speedy.com.ar; Tim.Heard@csiro.au RI Heard, Tim/B-1125-2008 OI Heard, Tim/0000-0003-4975-7314 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD MAY 4 PY 2011 IS 2866 BP 61 EP 68 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 758EE UT WOS:000290143400005 ER PT J AU Poletto, R Janczak, AM Marchant-Forde, RM Marchant-Forde, JN Matthews, DL Dowell, CA Hogan, DF Freeman, LJ Lay, DC AF Poletto, Rosangela Janczak, Andrew M. Marchant-Forde, Ruth M. Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N. Matthews, Donald L. Dowell, Carol A. Hogan, Daniel F. Freeman, Lynetta J. Lay, Donald C., Jr. TI Identification of low and high frequency ranges for heart rate variability and blood pressure variability analyses using pharmacological autonomic blockade with atropine and propranolol in swine SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Swine; Eletrocardiography; Heart rate variability; Blood pressure variability; Autonomic nervous system; Stress; Atropine; Propranolol ID POWER SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR REGULATION; CARDIAC ACTIVITY; PIGS; PHARMACOKINETICS; ACCURACY; EXERCISE; STRESS AB Understanding autonomic nervous system functioning, which mediates behavioral and physiological responses to stress, offers great potential for assessing farm animal stress and welfare. Evaluation of heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV), using time and frequency domain analyses may provide a sensitive and reliable measure of affective states and stress-mediated changes in sympathetic and parasympathetic tones. The aim of this research was to define low (LF) and high frequency (HF) power spectral ranges using pharmacological autonomic blockade, and to examine HRV and BPV parameter changes in response to atropine and propranolol in swine. Ten. 13-week old, barrows (n = 6) and gilts (n = 4) underwent surgery to place an intra-cardiac electrode and a blood pressure catheter attached to a biotelemetric transmitter; pigs had a 3-week recovery period prior to data collection. Each pig was subjected to administration of 4 intravenous (iv.) drug treatments: a control treatment, 3 mL of saline, and 3 blockade treatments; 0.1 mg/kg of atropine, 1.0 mg/kg of propranolol, and.1 mg/kg of atropine together with 1.0 mg/kg of propranolol. All treatments were delivered by injection in the jugular vein with a minimum of 48 h between individual treatments. Behavior, ECG and blood pressure data were recorded continuously for a total of 1 h, from 30 min pre-injection to 30 min post-injection. For data analyses, two 512-beat intervals were selected for each treatment while the pig was lying and inactive. The first interval was selected from the pre-injection period (baseline), and the second was selected between 10 and 30 min post-injection. Time and frequency domain (power spectral density) analyses were performed on each data interval. Subsequent, LF and HF bands from the power spectral densities were defined based on general linear and regression analyses. The HRV and BPV were computed with a covariate (baseline) factorial analysis of treatment by sex interaction, and day of injection, with mixed models and Tukey's post-hoc tests. The best-fit range for LF was 0.0-0.09 Hz, and HF was 0.09-2.0 Hz (r(2): 0.41 and 0.43, respectively). Propranolol and saline injections led to a greater overall total power and overall higher inter-beat interval. HF and LF power. Atropine led to a dominant sympathovagal balance of the cardiac activity in pigs. In addition, atropine led to an increase in LF power of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures in gilts suggesting vagal tone mediation of BPV. The understanding of autonomic regulation of HRV and BPV in domestic swine facilitates our ability to detect and quantify stress responses, and broadens its application in assessing farm animal welfare. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Poletto, Rosangela; Janczak, Andrew M.; Marchant-Forde, Ruth M.; Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N.; Lay, Donald C., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Matthews, Donald L.; Dowell, Carol A.] Purdue Univ, Off Vice President Res, Lab Anim Program, VAHF, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hogan, Daniel F.; Freeman, Lynetta J.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. RP Lay, DC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, 125 S Russell St,Poultry Sci Bldg, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Don.Lay@ars.usda.gov RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009; Janczak, Andrew/B-4113-2013; OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914; Janczak, Andrew/0000-0002-1141-8272; Freeman, Lynetta/0000-0002-4077-1497 FU USDA [2005-01740] FX This work was partially supported by the USDA National Initiative Research Program, grant number 2005-01740. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD MAY 3 PY 2011 VL 103 IS 2 BP 188 EP 196 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.01.019 PG 9 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 756KY UT WOS:000290011300009 PM 21281655 ER PT J AU Shiraishi, J Yanagita, K Fukumori, R Sugino, T Fujita, M Kawakami, SI McMurtry, JP Bungo, T AF Shiraishi, Jun-ichi Yanagita, Kouichi Fukumori, Rika Sugino, Toshihisa Fujita, Masanori Kawakami, Shin-Ichi McMurtry, John P. Bungo, Takashi TI Comparisons of insulin related parameters in commercial-type chicks: Evidence for insulin resistance in broiler chicks SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Central nervous system; Insulin; Layer; Broiler; Feed intake ID HEPG2 CELLS; FOOD-INTAKE; GLUCOSE-CONCENTRATIONS; GALLUS-DOMESTICUS; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; PLASMA-INSULIN; MESSENGER-RNA; BRAIN INSULIN; FEED-INTAKE AB The aim of this study is to elucidate whether insulin acts differentially within the central nervous system (CNS) of two types of commercial chicks to control ingestive behavior. Male layer and broiler chicks (4-day-old) were intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected with saline or insulin under satiated and starved conditions. Feed intake was measured at 30, 60 and 120 min after treatment. Secondly, blood and hypothalamus were collected from both chick types under ad libitum feeding and fasting for 24 h. Plasma insulin concentration was measured by time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay. Hypothalamic insulin receptor mRNA expression levels were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. The ICV injection of insulin significantly inhibited feed consumption in layer chicks when compared with saline (P<0.05), but not broiler chicks (P>0.1). Plasma insulin concentration of both chick types significantly decreased following 24 h of fasting, while insulin concentrations in the broiler chicks were significantly higher compared to the layers fed under ad libitum conditions. Hypothalamic insulin receptor mRNA expression levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in broiler chicks than in layer ones under ad libitum feeding. Feed deprivation significantly decreased insulin receptor mRNA levels in layer chicks (P<0.01), but not in broiler chicks (P>0.1). Moreover, plasma insulin concentrations correlated negatively with hypothalamic insulin receptor protein expression in the two types of chicks fed ad libitum (P<0.05). These results suggest that insulin resistance exists in the CNS of broiler chicks, possibly due to persistent hyperinsulinemia, which results in a down-regulation of CNS insulin receptor expression compared to that in layer chicks. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shiraishi, Jun-ichi; Yanagita, Kouichi; Fujita, Masanori; Kawakami, Shin-Ichi; Bungo, Takashi] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Biosphere Sci, Lab Anim Behav & Physiol, Higashihiroshima 7398528, Japan. [Fukumori, Rika; Sugino, Toshihisa] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Biosphere Sci, Lab Anim Nutr & Feeding, Higashihiroshima 7398528, Japan. [McMurtry, John P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bungo, T (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Biosphere Sci, Lab Anim Behav & Physiol, Higashihiroshima 7398528, Japan. EM bungo@hiroshima-u.ac.jp OI Bungo, Takashi/0000-0002-3575-0974; Sugino, Toshihisa/0000-0001-5502-3451 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [21-4123] FX This work was supported by Research Fellowship of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists (No. 21-4123). The authors wish to thank Mr. Fumiya Nishikawa and Ms. Yuki Tahara for helping handle the animals in this study. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD MAY 3 PY 2011 VL 103 IS 2 BP 233 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.02.008 PG 7 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 756KY UT WOS:000290011300015 PM 21316379 ER PT J AU Wisser, RJ Kolkman, JM Patzoldt, ME Holland, JB Yu, JM Krakowsky, M Nelson, RJ Balint-Kurti, PJ AF Wisser, Randall J. Kolkman, Judith M. Patzoldt, Megan E. Holland, James B. Yu, Jianming Krakowsky, Matthew Nelson, Rebecca J. Balint-Kurti, Peter J. TI Multivariate analysis of maize disease resistances suggests a pleiotropic genetic basis and implicates a GST gene SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE multivariate mixed model; pleiotropy; quantitative disease resistance; Zea mays (maize) ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GRAY LEAF-SPOT; EXSEROHILUM-TURCICUM; BROAD-SPECTRUM; COCHLIOBOLUS-HETEROSTROPHUS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; RACE-O; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; CORN AB Plants are attacked by pathogens representing diverse taxonomic groups, such that genes providing multiple disease resistance (MDR) are expected to be under positive selection pressure. To address the hypothesis that naturally occurring allelic variation conditions MDR, we extended the framework of structured association mapping to allow for the analysis of correlated complex traits and the identification of pleiotropic genes. The multivariate analytical approach used here is directly applicable to any species and set of traits exhibiting correlation. From our analysis of a diverse panel of maize inbred lines, we discovered high positive genetic correlations between resistances to three globally threatening fungal diseases. The maize panel studied exhibits rapidly decaying linkage disequilibrium that generally occurs within 1 or 2 kb, which is less than the average length of a maize gene. The positive correlations therefore suggested that functional allelic variation at specific genes for MDR exists in maize. Using a multivariate test statistic, a glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene was found to be associated with modest levels of resistance to all three diseases. Resequencing analysis pinpointed the association to a histidine (basic amino acid) for aspartic acid (acidic amino acid) substitution in the encoded protein domain that defines GST substrate specificity and biochemical activity. The known functions of GSTs suggested that variability in detoxification pathways underlie natural variation in maize MDR. C1 [Wisser, Randall J.; Patzoldt, Megan E.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kolkman, Judith M.; Nelson, Rebecca J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Holland, James B.; Krakowsky, Matthew; Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Holland, James B.; Krakowsky, Matthew] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Yu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Wisser, RJ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM rjw@udel.edu OI Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099; Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675; Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X FU Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [47009]; North Carolina Corn Growers Association; US National Science Foundation [DBI-0321467, IOS-0820619, DBI-0820610]; US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2007-35301-18133/19859, 2006-35300-17155]; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; University of Delaware FX The authors thank Major M. Goodman, Tom Brutnell, and the Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center for providing seed of the inbred lines evaluated in this study. We appreciate contributions from George Van Esbroeck, Donna Stephens, John Zwonitzer, Araby Belcher, Dan Gorman, and Pionner HiBred toward phenotyping and from Sarah Simon and Michael Jackson toward genotyping and sequencing. We thank Ramon Littell and Arthur Gilmour for discussions regarding mixed model analysis, and Arthur Gilmour also for help with ASReml. This research was supported by Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research Generation Challenge Program Project 47009; the North Carolina Corn Growers Association; US National Science Foundation Projects DBI-0321467, IOS-0820619, and DBI-0820610; US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Projects 2007-35301-18133/19859 and 2006-35300-17155; the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, and startup funds from the University of Delaware. NR 47 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 26 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 3 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 18 BP 7339 EP 7344 DI 10.1073/pnas.1011739108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 758YF UT WOS:000290203100019 PM 21490302 ER PT J AU Gould, PJ Harrington, CA Devine, WD AF Gould, Peter J. Harrington, Constance A. Devine, Warren D. TI Growth of Oregon White Oak (Quercus garryana) SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; PUGET TROUGH; WASHINGTON; WATER; MORTALITY; AREA; SOIL AB Many land managers are interested in maintaining or restoring plant communities that contain Oregon white oak (OWO, Quercus garryana), yet there is relatively little information available about the species' growth rates and survival to guide management decisions. We used two studies to characterize growth (over multi-year periods and within individual years) and to evaluate the main factors that affect growth and survival. The objective of the first study was to revise the OWO components of the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS), a widely-used growth model. We first compiled a large database on growth and survival to develop equations to revise FVS. Diameter growth and survival over multi-year periods were strongly affected by stand density, the competitive position of the tree, tree size, and site productivity. The height growth potential of OWO was predicted from site productivity, stand density and tree size. In the second study, intra-annual patterns of OWO growth were evaluated by precisely measuring stem diameters with band dendrometers. OWO experienced two periods of stem expansion, with the first period likely representing growth (the production of new wood and bark) and the second representing stem rehydration in the fall and winter. As in the first study, growth was strongly affected by the level of competition around each tree. Our results show the sensitivity of Oregon white oak to competition and highlight the need to restore low stand densities in many cases to improve growth and the likelihood of survival. C1 [Gould, Peter J.; Harrington, Constance A.; Devine, Warren D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Gould, PJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM pgould@fs.fed.us RI Harrington, Constance/G-6161-2012 FU NSF [0816457] FX We thank Erin Smith-Mateja for incorporating the OWO revision into FVS and Nick Crookston and Don Vandendriesche for additional help with FVS. We thank Leslie Brodie and our other coworkers for their help measuring the intra-annual growth study. We thank Tara Barrett and Karen Waddell for providing FIA data for western Oregon and Debora Johnson for providing data from the McDonald-Dunn Forest. This project was funded in part by NSF grant 0816457. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 19 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 85 IS 2 BP 159 EP 171 DI 10.3955/046.085.0207 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 916ZL UT WOS:000302141600007 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN AF Hamir, Amir N. TI Hematologic, Serologic, and Histologic Profile of Aged Siberian Hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; DISEASE AB Biologic samples from 18 (12 female, 6 male) Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) representing an aged colony (17 to 27 mo) were examined. Values for CBC and serum biochemical parameters were determined, and macroscopic and microscopic pathologic evaluations were performed. Blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly higher in male (54.2 +/- 14 mg/dL) compared with female (35.3 +/- 22 mg/dL) hamsters and correlated histologically with a higher incidence of chronic glomerulonephropathy in males (5 of 6 males; 0 of 12 females). All 18 hamsters had histologic evidence of follicular mite infestation. Half (6 of 12) of the female hamsters showed cystic rete ovarii. Other histologic findings included thymic or thyroid branchial cysts (3 of 18), focal enteritis (2 of 18), and single cases of hepatic hemangiosarcoma, renal adenoma, subcutaneous mast cell tumor, cutaneous sebaceous adenoma, cutaneous trichofolliculoma, squamous papilloma of the nonglandular stomach, epididymal cholesteatoma, pyometra, and pituitary craniopharyngeal cyst. This study is the first published report of hematologic and serum chemical values for any population of Siberian hamsters and the first published report showing a potential male predisposition for chronic progressive glomerulonephropathy and a potential female predisposition for cystic rete ovarii. C1 [Hamir, Amir N.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Veterinay Med & Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ahamir@mdanderson.org NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 50 IS 3 BP 322 EP 325 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 875JO UT WOS:000299026400004 PM 21640026 ER PT J AU Wegner, T AF Wegner, Theodore TI Forests and biofuels: An opportunity for public-private partnering SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Wegner, T (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 854DX UT WOS:000297476100002 ER PT J AU Zhu, JY Luo, XL Tian, S Gleisner, R Negron, J Horn, E AF Zhu, J. Y. Luo, Xiaolin Tian, Shen Gleisner, Rolland Negron, Jose Horn, Eric TI Efficient ethanol production from beetle-killed lodgepole pine using SPORL technology and Saccharomyces cerevisiae without detoxification SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; OVERCOME RECALCITRANCE; SULFITE PRETREATMENT; ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; ORGANOSOLV PROCESS; LIGNOCELLULOSE AB This study applied Sulfite Pretreatment to Overcome Recalcitrance of Lignocelluloses (SPORL) to evaluate the potential of mountain pine beetle-killed lodgepole pine for ethanol production using conventional Saccharomyces cerevisiae without hydrolysate detoxification. The results indicate that the beetle-killed trees are more susceptible to SPORL pretreatment than live trees in addition to having enriched glucan and mannan content as reported in the literature. Ethanol yields of 200 and 250 L/metric ton wood were achieved from a live tree and a dead tree (four years after infestation) without process optimization. Ethanol yield of 220 L/metric ton of wood was obtained from a downed tree with more advanced decomposition, which is approximately 10% more than that from a corresponding live tree. Process mass and energy balance analyses suggest that net ethanol energy output (before distillation, lignin energy excluded) from the decomposing tree was approximately 3.2 GJ/metric ton wood, which is 23% more than that from a corresponding live tree. The study demonstrated the robustness of the SPORL process and the utility of beetle-killed trees for cellulosic ethanol production even after many years post mortality. C1 [Zhu, J. Y.; Luo, Xiaolin; Gleisner, Rolland] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Zhu, J. Y.; Luo, Xiaolin] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Luo, Xiaolin] S China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Tian, Shen] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Negron, Jose] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Horn, Eric] BioPulping Int Inc, Madison, WI USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us FU USDA [2009-33610-19644]; U.S. Forest Service; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; University of Wisconsin-Madison; U.S. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory FX This work was sponsored by a USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I project (Contract Number: 2009-33610-19644) to BioPulping International and the U.S. Forest Service through the Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (WBBB, 2009). We are particularly thankful to David Hattis, Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest, and John Popp, Rocky Mountain Research Station (both USDA Forest Service), for helping us harvest the trees for the study. We also appreciate Fred Matt and Diane Dietrich (both of the Forest Products Laboratory) for carrying out many careful analyses of carbohydrate of solid substrates and ethanol in the SSF samples. The U.S. Forest Service WBBB Program provided financial support to Luo. This program, together with the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, provided financial support to Tian. The fundings made the visiting appointments of Luo and Tian possible at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the U. S. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 9 EP 18 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 854DX UT WOS:000297476100003 ER PT J AU Houtman, C Horn, E AF Houtman, Carl Horn, Eric TI Pilot trials of hemicelluloses extraction prior to thermomechanical pulp production: Part 1 SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIETHYL OXALATE PRETREATMENT; WOOD CHIPS AB Pilot data indicate that wood chip pretreatment with oxalic acid reduced the specific energy required to make thermomechanical pulp. A combined oxalic acid/bisulfite treatment resulted in 21% refiner energy savings and 13% increase in brightness for aspen. A low level of oxalic acid treatment was effective for spruce. Energy savings of 30% was observed with no significant change in strength properties. Adding bisulfite did not significantly increase the brightness of the spruce pulp. For pine, the optimum treatment was a moderate level of oxalic acid, which resulted in 34% energy savings and an increase in strength properties. For all of these treatments 1-3 w/w % carbohydrates were recovered, which can be fermented to produce ethanol. The extract sugar solution contained significant quantities of arabinose. C1 [Houtman, Carl] USDAs Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Horn, Eric] Biopulping Int, Madison, WI USA. RP Houtman, C (reprint author), USDAs Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM choutman@fs.fed.us RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 21 EP 28 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 854DX UT WOS:000297476100004 ER PT J AU Bilek, EM Houtman, C Ince, P AF Bilek, E. M. Houtman, Carl Ince, Peter TI Evaluation of a Value Prior to Pulping-thermomechanical pulp business concept: Part 2 SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Value Prior to Pulping (VPP) is a novel biorefining concept for pulp mills that includes hydrolysis extraction of hemicellulose wood sugars and acetic acid from pulpwood prior to pulping. The concept involves conversion of wood sugars via fermentation to fuel ethanol or other chemicals and the use of remaining solid wood material in the pulping process. This paper provides an overview of the methods and results from analysis of the concept as a hypothetical business investment at a pulp and paper mill equipped for making thermomechanical pulp (TMP). C1 [Bilek, E. M.; Houtman, Carl; Ince, Peter] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Bilek, EM (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM tbilek@fs.fed.us RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 FU Forest Service Biomass Marketing and Utilization Program; VPP Consortium through the Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge grant support from the Forest Service Biomass Marketing and Utilization Program, as well as financial support of the VPP Consortium through the Department of Energy. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 31 EP 38 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 854DX UT WOS:000297476100005 ER PT J AU Li, XJ Cai, ZY Horn, E Winandy, JE AF Li, Xianjun Cai, Zhiyong Horn, Eric Winandy, Jerrold E. TI Oxalic acid pretreatment of rice straw particles and loblolly pine chips: Release of hemicellulosic carbohydrates SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; DIETHYL OXALATE PRETREATMENT; WOOD CHIPS AB This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oxalic acid (OA) pretreatment on carbohydrates released from rice straw particles and wood chips. The results showed that OA treatment accelerated carbohydrates extraction from rice straw particles and wood chips. OA pretreatment dramatically increased the amount of carbohydrates extracted, up to 24 times for wood chips and 2.3 times for rice straw particles. Sugars released from the OA-treated rice straw particles and wood chips increased with increasing treatment temperature and duration. OA treatment also improved the primary physical properties of rice straw particleboard and wooden medium density fiberboard (MDF), except for the mechanical strength of MDF. Carbohydrates extracted from rice straw particles and wood chips could be a potential sustainable resource for biofuel or biobased chemicals. C1 [Li, Xianjun; Cai, Zhiyong] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Li, Xianjun] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Sch, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Horn, Eric] Biopulping Int, Madison, WI USA. [Winandy, Jerrold E.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Li, XJ (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM zcai@fs.fed.us NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 41 EP 45 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 854DX UT WOS:000297476100006 ER PT J AU Scott, CT Samaniuk, JR Klingenberg, DJ AF Scott, C. Timothy Samaniuk, Joseph R. Klingenberg, Daniel J. TI Rheology and extrusion of high-solids biomass SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WET AB Economical biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) requires processing high-solids particulate streams. We have developed new techniques and testing protocols to measure the rheological properties of high-solids LCB using a modified torque rheometer (TR). The flow field in the TR is similar to that of a twin-screw extruder and for modeling purposes can be adequately represented as a dual-Couette viscometer. Our experiments show that LCB exhibits Bingham plastic behavior with very large yield stresses. We observe that in the initial stages of mixing, torque values are extremely large and erratic. During this period, considerable particle-size reduction takes place with correspondingly large energy consumption. We show that the addition of a rheological modifier (e. g., carboxymethyl cellulose) reduces biomass apparent viscosity and mixing energy requirements. We take advantage of this effect to further investigate the viability of continuous processing by extrusion. C1 [Scott, C. Timothy] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Samaniuk, Joseph R.; Klingenberg, Daniel J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI USA. RP Scott, CT (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM tscott@fs.fed.us RI Samaniuk, Joseph/C-4773-2014 FU USDA [2006-35504-17401, 2010-65504-20406] FX This project was supported by the USDA competitive grant programs (NRI award number 2006-35504-17401 and AFRI award number 2010-65504-20406). We gratefully appreciate the assistance of Dave Eustice, FPL machinist; Roland Gleisner, FPL engineering technician; and Professor Thatcher Root and many undergraduate students from the University of Wisconsin's Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 47 EP 53 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 854DX UT WOS:000297476100007 ER PT J AU Guedot, C Horton, DR Landolt, PJ AF Guedot, Christelle Horton, David R. Landolt, Peter J. TI Response of summerform pear psylla (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) to male- and female-produced odors SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CACOPSYLLA-PYRICOLA HOMOPTERA; SEX-PHEROMONE; INSECT HYDROCARBONS; MATING-BEHAVIOR; ATTRACTION; VOLATILES; DIAPAUSE; RECOGNITION; BUTTERFLIES; CALIFORNIA AB We examined the role of chemical signals in sex attraction of pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Forster), assessing the response of summerform male and female psyllids to male- and female-produced volatile chemicals. Male psyllids were attracted to odors from live females and pentane extracts of females. Extracts of females were as attractive to males as live females, suggesting that the female-produced volatile chemicals responsible for male attraction might be isolated by extracting females with pentane. Females were not attracted to odorants from live females and tended to avoid odorants from extracts of females. Furthermore, summerform males and females were not attracted or repelled by male-produced odorants from live males or extracts of males. Results of olfactometer assays using male summerform C. pyricola are consistent with results from earlier studies with the winterform morphotype of this species. C1 [Guedot, Christelle; Horton, David R.; Landolt, Peter J.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Guedot, C (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM christelle.guedot@ars.usda.gov FU United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund [US-4048-07]; United States Department of Agriculture's Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (National Research Initiative) [2006-35302-17475]; Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission [PR-05-504] FX Assistance from Merilee Bayer and Deb Broers in collecting and maintaining insects and conducting the olfactometer trials was greatly appreciated. We thank Karolynn Tom and Bonnie Ohler for their help in collecting insects. This research was supported by Research Grant Award No. US-4048-07 from the United States - Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, the United States Department of Agriculture's Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (National Research Initiative 2006-35302-17475), and the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission (PR-05-504). NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0008-347X EI 1918-3240 J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 143 IS 3 BP 245 EP 253 DI 10.4039/n11-003 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 852XE UT WOS:000297390000004 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S Suarez, DL AF Goldberg, Sabine Suarez, Donald L. TI Release of Native and Amended Boron From Arid Zone Soils After Varying Incubation Times SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Adsorption; desorption ID DESORPTION AB In this study, we evaluated the boron (B) release from soils containing elevated native B and examined the extent to which incubation time affected B release. Five soils varying in initial pH and clay content were selected for the study. The soils were spiked with five varying doses of B as H3BO3 (0-100 mg B kg(-1)) and equilibrated for a total of 5 months at field capacity water content. The soils were incubated in a temperature-controlled room at 25 degrees C. At monthly intervals, the soils were thoroughly mixed and subsamples were removed. The subsamples were extracted with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-sorbitol, boiling water, and 0.1 M NaCl to provide various B extraction protocols. Boron desorption decreased as a function of time for at least some of the extractions and treatments for all five soils. This is consistent with published literature that added B becomes less extractable with increased incubation time. Comparison between the three extractants revealed no statistically significant differences in amounts of adsorbed B for three of the soils. For the two other soils, the order of desorbed B amount was hot water soluble < 0.1 M NaCl extractable G diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acidYsorbitol extractable. The decrease in B release with respect to incubation time approached zero for all five soils for most of the extractant solutions, as evidenced by slopes that were not statistically significantly different from zero at the 95% level of confidence for almost all treatments of all three extractions. This result suggests that a 5-month incubation is adequate to obtain an accurate assessment of the amount of B available for release. Because the decrease in extractable B with time for four of the soils is not large, a very good indication of extractable soil B can be obtained from a 1-month incubation study. C1 [Goldberg, Sabine; Suarez, Donald L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM sabine.goldberg@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 176 IS 5 BP 213 EP 217 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e3182147ceb PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 758FO UT WOS:000290147500001 ER PT J AU Butte, NF Ellis, KJ Shypailo, RJ Wong, WW Brandt, ML Sherman, V Hall, KD Chow, CC Zakeri, IF AF Butte, N. F. Ellis, K. J. Shypailo, R. J. Wong, W. W. Brandt, M. L. Sherman, V. Hall, K. D. Chow, C. C. Zakeri, I. F. TI Modeling Energetic Adaptations in Extremely Obese Adolescents in Response to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th International Symposium on In Vivo Body Composition Studies CY MAY, 2011 CL Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA C1 [Butte, N. F.; Ellis, K. J.; Shypailo, R. J.; Wong, W. W.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Brandt, M. L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sherman, V.] Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hall, K. D.; Chow, C. C.] NIH NIDDK, Bethesda, MD USA. [Zakeri, I. F.] Drexel Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Chow, Carson/A-7970-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 SU 2 BP S5 EP S5 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 836UZ UT WOS:000296141100005 ER PT J AU Mirzaei, B Tajvidi, M Falk, RH Felton, C AF Mirzaei, Babak Tajvidi, Mehdi Falk, Robert H. Felton, Colin TI Stress-relaxation behavior of lignocellulosic high-density polyethylene composites SO JOURNAL OF REINFORCED PLASTICS AND COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE stress relaxation; composites; natural fibers; high-density polyethylene; superposition ID CREEP AB In this study, stress-relaxation performance of HDPE-based injection-molded composites containing four types of natural fibers (i.e., wood flour, rice hulls, newsprint, and kenaf fiber) at 25 and 50 wt% contents, and the effect of prescribed strain levels were investigated. The results indicated that incorporating more filler causes lower relaxation values and rates, and stress retention and prescribed strain level were reversely correlated. Among the studied filler types, wood flour and kenaf fiber presented more similar behaviors, whereas newsprint resembled rice hulls performance. Strain-time superposition was applied to the experimental data. Due to complex rheological behavior of the studied composites, single horizontal shifting method, with respect to strain levels, was found to be inadequate to satisfactorily superpose data. C1 [Mirzaei, Babak; Tajvidi, Mehdi] Univ Tehran, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Wood & Paper Sci & Technol, Karaj, Iran. [Falk, Robert H.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Tajvidi, M (reprint author), Univ Tehran, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Wood & Paper Sci & Technol, POB 31585-4314, Karaj, Iran. EM mtajvidi@ut.ac.ir RI Tajvidi, Mehdi/D-6959-2012 FU USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL), Madison, WI, USA FX This research was partially supported by the USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL), Madison, WI, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0731-6844 J9 J REINF PLAST COMP JI J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 10 BP 875 EP 881 DI 10.1177/0731684411411337 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 837XZ UT WOS:000296246900006 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN Kehrli, ME Kunkle, RA Greenlee, JJ Nicholson, EM Richt, JA Miller, JM Cutlip, RC AF Hamir, Amir N. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. Kunkle, Robert A. Greenlee, Justin J. Nicholson, Eric M. Richt, Juergen A. Miller, Janice M. Cutlip, Randall C. TI Experimental interspecies transmission studies of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies to cattle: comparison to bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Review DE Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; cattle; chronic wasting disease; prion diseases; PrP immunohistochemistry; PrP Western blot; spongiform encephalopathy; transmissible mink encephalopathy; variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; CERVUS-ELAPHUS-NELSONI; CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; BONE-MARROW INFECTIVITY; AFFECTED SUFFOLK SHEEP; PRION PROTEIN PRPRES; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; ILEAL PEYERS PATCH; WHITE-TAILED DEER; MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY AB Prion diseases or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) of animals include scrapie of sheep and goats; transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME); chronic wasting disease (CWD) of deer, elk and moose; and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) of cattle. The emergence of BSE and its spread to human beings in the form of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) resulted in interest in susceptibility of cattle to CWD, TME and scrapie. Experimental cross-species transmission of TSE agents provides valuable information for potential host ranges of known TSEs. Some interspecies transmission studies have been conducted by inoculating disease-causing prions intracerebrally (IC) rather than orally; the latter is generally effective in intraspecies transmission studies and is considered a natural route by which animals acquire TSEs. The "species barrier" concept for TSEs resulted from unsuccessful interspecies oral transmission attempts. Oral inoculation of prions mimics the natural disease pathogenesis route whereas IC inoculation is rather artificial; however, it is very efficient since it requires smaller dosage of inoculum, and typically results in higher attack rates and reduces incubation time compared to oral transmission. A species resistant to a TSE by IC inoculation would have negligible potential for successful oral transmission. To date, results indicate that cattle are susceptible to IC inoculation of scrapie, TME, and CWD but it is only when inoculated with TME do they develop spongiform lesions or clinical disease similar to BSE. Importantly, cattle are resistant to oral transmission of scrapie or CWD; susceptibility of cattle to oral transmission of TME is not yet determined. C1 [Hamir, Amir N.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.; Kunkle, Robert A.; Greenlee, Justin J.; Nicholson, Eric M.; Richt, Juergen A.; Miller, Janice M.; Cutlip, Randall C.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Kehrli, ME (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM marcus.kehrli@ars.usda.gov NR 119 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 407 EP 420 DI 10.1177/1040638711403404 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 812HK UT WOS:000294281800001 PM 21908269 ER PT J AU Zehr, ES Tabatabai, LB AF Zehr, Emilie S. Tabatabai, Louisa B. TI Detection of a bacteriophage gene encoding a Mu-like portal protein in Haemophilus parasuis reference strains and field isolates by nested polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Bacteriophage SuMu; gp29 portal protein gene; Haemophilus parasuis; polymerase chain reaction; virulence ID DIVERSITY; PCR AB A nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assay was developed to determine the presence of a gene encoding a bacteriophage Mu-like portal protein, gp29, in 15 reference strains and 31 field isolates of Haemophilus parasuis. Specific primers, based on the gene's sequence, were utilized. A majority of the virulent reference strains and field isolates tested harbored the gene. The results suggest that the nPCR technique described in the current report could serve as a tool for epidemiological studies of H. parasuis. C1 [Zehr, Emilie S.; Tabatabai, Louisa B.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Zehr, ES (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave,Bldg 24, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM emilie.zehr@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 538 EP 542 DI 10.1177/1040638711404143 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 812HK UT WOS:000294281800018 PM 21908286 ER PT J AU Heerkens, TMJ Smith, JD Fox, L Hostetter, JM AF Heerkens, Tammy M-J Smith, Jodi D. Fox, Leslie Hostetter, Jesse M. TI Peritoneal fibrosarcomatous mesothelioma in a cat SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Abdominal cavity; cancer; cats; feline; fibrosarcomatous; mesothelioma ID MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; DIFFERENTIAL-DIAGNOSIS; CELLS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AB Primary tumors of serosal surfaces are uncommon in veterinary medicine. Mesothelial neoplasms can be benign or malignant, and are classified as predominantly epitheloid, mixed (biphasic), or fibrous (spindle cell, fibrosarcomatous), with fibrous mesotheliomas reported least in domestic species. A 9-year-old Domestic Shorthair cat presented on emergency with a brief history of weakness and lethargy. On presentation, the cat was semicomatose, hypothermic, and hypotensive with a markedly distended abdomen. Approximately 1 liter of serosanguineous fluid was removed via abdominocentesis. Diagnostic imaging and cytologic evaluation of fine-needle aspirates were suggestive of neoplasia, and the cat was subsequently euthanized. At necropsy, the omentum was contracted cranially into an irregular lobular mass that surrounded the stomach and proximal intestinal tract, and focally infiltrated the spleen. Both visceral and parietal peritoneal surfaces were thickened and contained off-white friable material and occasionally firm fibrous plaques. Microscopically, serosal surfaces were expanded by neoplastic spindle cells, which were often accompanied by moderate to abundant fibrous stroma. Neoplastic cells had varying degrees of immunoreactivity for cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin, which was consistent with the diagnosis of mesothelioma. C1 [Heerkens, Tammy M-J] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Lloyd Vet Med Ctr, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Smith, Jodi D.; Hostetter, Jesse M.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Smith, Jodi D.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Heerkens, TMJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Lloyd Vet Med Ctr, Dept Vet Clin Sci, 1600 S 16th St, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM heerkens@iastate.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 593 EP 597 DI 10.1177/1040638711403405 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 812HK UT WOS:000294281800030 PM 21908298 ER PT J AU Scandiani, MM Ruberti, DS Giorda, LM Pioli, RN Luque, AG Bottai, H Ivancovich, JJ Aoki, T O'Donnell, K AF Mercedes Scandiani, Maria Ruberti, Delma S. Giorda, Laura M. Pioli, Rosanna N. Luque, Alicia G. Bottai, Hebe Ivancovich, Juan J. Aoki, Takayuki O'Donnell, Kerry TI Comparison of inoculation methods for characterizing relative aggressiveness of two soybean sudden-death syndrome pathogens, Fusarium virguliforme and F. tucumaniae SO TROPICAL PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glycine max; Argentina; pathogenicity; SDS; United States ID HYDROPONIC NUTRIENT SOLUTION; SP GLYCINES; CAUSAL AGENT; SP. GLYCINES; SOUTH-AMERICA; VIGNA-RADIATA; SP PHASEOLI; SOLANI; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION AB Fusarium tucumaniae and F. virguliforme are the primary etiological agents of sudden-death syndrome (SDS) of soybean in Argentina and the United States, respectively. Five isolates of F. tucumaniae and four isolates of F. virguliforme were tested for relative aggressiveness to soybean, using a toothpick inoculation method and two versions of a soil infestation inoculation method. Partially resistant soybean cultivar RA629 and susceptible cultivar A6445RG were inoculated separately with each of the nine isolates. Two experiments for each inoculation method were performed. Analysis of variance identified a significant three-way interaction of soybean cultivar*experiment*SDS pathogen (P = 0.01) using the different methods. When the two soil infestation methods were used, F. virguliforme was more aggressive than F. tucumaniae; however, when using the toothpick method, isolates of F. virguliforme and F. tucumaniae were equally aggressive. Although all three methods discriminated levels of partial resistance of the genotypes to SDS, results of the present study indicated that soil inoculations with sorghum infested grain represent the best method for evaluating soybean cultivar resistance to SDS. The existence of interactions among the host, pathogen and environmental conditions highlights the need for additional studies to improve the reproducibility of tests for screening soybean germplasm for resistance to SDS. C1 [Mercedes Scandiani, Maria; Ruberti, Delma S.] Lab Agr Rio Parana, RA-2930 San Pedro, Argentina. [Mercedes Scandiani, Maria; Pioli, Rosanna N.; Luque, Alicia G.] Univ Nacl Rosario, Ctr Referencia Micol CEREMIC, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, RA-2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Giorda, Laura M.] EEA INTA Manfredi, Manfredi, Argentina. [Pioli, Rosanna N.] Univ Nacl Rosario, Catedra Fitopatol, Fac Ciencias Agr, RA-2125 Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Bottai, Hebe; Ivancovich, Juan J.] Univ Nacl Rosario, Area Estadist, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, RA-2000 Rosario, Argentina. [Aoki, Takayuki] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [O'Donnell, Kerry] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Scandiani, MM (reprint author), Lab Agr Rio Parana, RA-2930 San Pedro, Argentina. EM labagricola@sanpedro.com.ar NR 44 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1983-2052 J9 TROP PLANT PATHOL JI Trop. Plant Pathol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 36 IS 3 BP 133 EP 140 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 814IE UT WOS:000294441000001 ER PT J AU Montgomery, ME Shiyake, S Havill, NP Leschen, RAB AF Montgomery, M. E. Shiyake, S. Havill, N. P. Leschen, R. A. B. TI A New Species of Laricobius (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) From Japan With Phylogeny and a Key for Native and Introduced Congeners in North America SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Derodontidae; Laricobius; new species; adelgid predators; molecular diagnostics ID DNA; PREDATOR; MORPHOLOGY; HEMIPTERA AB Laricobius osakensis Montgomery and Shiyake sp. nov., collected from Adelges tsugae Annandon hemlock [Tsuga sieboldii Carr. and Tsuga diversifolia (Maxim.) Mast.] in Japan, is described and illustrated. The new species was collected from several localities on Honshu, Shikokou, and Kyushu Islands. The genus has not been reported previously from Japan. Morphological features, a molecular phylogeny, and diagnostic DNA sites are provided to distinguish this new species from previously described species of the genus. Because of plans to release L. osakensis for the biological control of A. tsugae in eastern North America, a key and discussion are provided to differentiate it from the native North American species, Laricobius nigrinus Fender, Laricobius laticollis Fall, and Laricobius rubidus LeConte, and from two previously imported species-Laricobius erichsonii Rosenhauer, which is endemic in Europe, and Laricobius kangdingensis Zilahi-Balogh & Jelinek, which is endemic in China. C1 [Montgomery, M. E.; Havill, N. P.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Shiyake, S.] Osaka Museum Nat Hist, Osaka 530005, Japan. [Leschen, R. A. B.] New Zealand Arthropod Collect, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. RP Montgomery, ME (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 51 Mill Pond Rd, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. EM michaelemontgomery@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service Research; USDA Forest Service State & Private Forestry FX We thank the following people for loan of specimens: Gary Hevel (NMNH), Philip Perkins (MCZ), David Kavanaugh (California Academy of Sciences), Serge LaPlante (Canadian National Arthropod Collection) for sending specimens to Hamden, CT. (See Leschen 2011 for acknowledgment of specimens viewed by him in New Zealand or Europe.) We are grateful to Ashley Lamb and Yorio Miyatake for collecting additional specimens of L. osakensis and the following organizations for permission to collect insects in Japan: Kamigamo Experimental Station, Kyoto University; Kobe Municipal Arboretum; Nara Park Management Office; Hokigamine Forest Park, Kochi Prefecture; and Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan. The molecular laboratory work by Joanne Klein and DeAdra Newman is greatly appreciated. We thank Alexi Sharov for translating Nikitsky and Lafer (1992) and Lee Humble Canadian Forest Service, Victoria, and Dan Quiring, University of New Brunswick, for checking collections. The work on which this article is based was partially supported by grants from USDA Forest Service Research to S. S. and from USDA Forest Service State & Private Forestry to R.A.B.L. NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 389 EP 401 DI 10.1603/AN10136 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 809NJ UT WOS:000294063700003 ER PT J AU Legaspi, JC Mannion, C Amalin, D Legaspi, BC AF Legaspi, Jesusa Crisostomo Mannion, Catharine Amalin, Divina Legaspi, Benjamin C., Jr. TI Life Table Analysis and Development of Singhiella simplex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Under Different Constant Temperatures SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE life history; reproduction; survivorship; Ficus benjamina; fecundity ID PODISUS-MACULIVENTRIS HETEROPTERA; DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT; BEMISIA-TABACI; FEMALE-ADULTS; RATE MODEL; HYMENOPTERA; PARAMETERS; HISTORY; ARTHROPODS; COLEOPTERA AB Singhiella simplex (Singh) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a newly invasive pest of several species of Ficus plants in the United States. Very little is known about its biology and life history. Here, we studied its development and reproduction at 15, 20, 25, 27, 30, and 35 degrees C. No immatures survived the 35 degrees C treatment. Stage-specific duration times are presented for the other temperatures. Total duration of immature stages varied from 97.1 d at 15 degrees C to 25.2 d at 30 degrees C. Linear functions were used to describe development rates for eggs, instars and pupal stages. Total immature development also was modeled using a nonlinear Briere-1 function: r(T) = aT(T - T(0)) root T(L) - T, where r(T) is developmental rate at temperature (T), a = 0.0000146, T(0) = 7.3120084 and T(L) = 45.9512202 (constant, lower developmental threshold, and lethal temperature, respectively). The thermal requirement for development from eggs to pupae was estimated to be 487.8 degree-days. S. simplex reproduction was highest at 27 degrees C, where R(0), GRR, T, r, lambda, and DT were 23.114 female/female, 24.25 female/female, 31.413 d, 0.099 female/female/d, 1.105 female/female/d, and 6.93 d, respectively. The combined effect of temperature and female adult age on daily oviposition rate was modeled using the Enkegaard equation: eggmean = (p + qT) d exp(-wTd), where T is temperature. Parameter estimates were p = -30.21, q = 2.62, and w = 0.034. Duration of female adulthood was 8 d at 15 degrees C, significantly longer than 2.5-4.2 d at the higher temperatures. At 25 and 27 degrees C, lifetime fecundity per female averaged 37.9 and 46.2, respectively. C1 [Legaspi, Jesusa Crisostomo] Florida A&M Univ, USDA ARS CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Mannion, Catharine; Amalin, Divina] Univ Florida, Trop Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. RP Legaspi, JC (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, USDA ARS CMAVE, Ctr Biol Control, 6383 Mahan Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. EM jesusa.legaspi@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1603/AN10148 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 809NJ UT WOS:000294063700009 ER PT J AU Chiarelli, RN Pratt, PD Silvers, CS Blackwood, JS Center, TD AF Chiarelli, R. N. Pratt, P. D. Silvers, C. S. Blackwood, J. S. Center, T. D. TI Influence of Temperature, Humidity, and Plant Terpenoid Profile on Life History Characteristics of Boreioglycaspis melaleucae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a Biological Control Agent of the Invasive Tree Melaleuca quinquenervia SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE developmental rate; degree-days; adult longevity; chemotype; paperbark tree ID HOST-RANGE; DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT; INTRODUCED INSECTS; FIELD COLONIZATION; MOORE HEMIPTERA; CAV. BLAKE,S.T.; OXYOPS-VITIOSA; RATE MODEL; HERBIVORY; FLORIDA AB We investigated how environmental variables influence development and survivorship of Boreioglycaspis melaleucae Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) by quantifying life history characteristics of adults, eggs, and nymphs when held at eight constant temperatures, four relative humidities, and on plants that differed in foliar terpenoid profiles. There is insufficient evidence to conclude that terpenoid profiles or humidity influence B. melaleucae development. Although longevity of adult psyllids is greater on plants that contain E-nerolidol versus viridiflorol profiles, this does not translate to a longer ovipositional period or increased fecundity. Similarly, humidity treatments had a limited and inconsistent effect on B. melaleucae developmental rates and nymphal survivorship. In contrast, developmental rates increased linearly with increasing temperature to an optimum 25 degrees C, whereas greater temperatures caused total developmental rates to decrease. Temperature also affected nymphal survivorship, with no individuals completing development below 10 or above 30 degrees C. Mean maximum daily temperatures in southern Florida commonly exceeded 30 degrees C, with maximum temperatures ranging from 30 to 35 degrees C (in Broward Co.) during 138 d in 2006. Therefore, we conclude that lethal upper temperature thresholds will limit population growth rates during summer. C1 [Chiarelli, R. N.; Pratt, P. D.; Silvers, C. S.; Blackwood, J. S.; Center, T. D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM paul.pratt@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Department of Environmental Protection; South Florida Water Management District; USDA FX We are indebted to Donna Ban, Shannon Morath, Beth Mattison, Gilda Aguilar, Eve Culbreth, and Max Gelber for assistance with data acquisition. We thank Rodrigo Diaz and two anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. This research was supported, in part, by grants from the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, South Florida Water Management District, and the USDA Areawide TAME Melaleuca Program (tame.ifas.ufl.edu). NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 488 EP 497 DI 10.1603/AN10163 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 809NJ UT WOS:000294063700014 ER PT J AU Landolt, PJ Adams, T Zack, RS Crabo, L AF Landolt, Peter J. Adams, Todd Zack, Richard S. Crabo, Lars TI A Diversity of Moths (Lepidoptera) Trapped With Two Feeding Attractants SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE moth; attractant; trapping; survey; biodiversity ID CABBAGE-LOOPER MOTHS; XESTIA-C-NIGRUM; NOCTUID MOTHS; ACETIC-ACID; MAMESTRA-CONFIGURATA; LACANOBIA-SUBJUNCTA; FLORAL COMPOUNDS; ALFALFA LOOPER; BINARY BLENDS; LURES AB Feeding attractants for moths are useful as survey tools to assess moth species diversity and for monitoring of the relative abundance of certain pest species. We assessed the relative breadth of attractiveness of two such lures to moths, at sites with varied habitats during 2006. Eighty-six of the 114 species of Lepidoptera captured were in traps baited with acetic acid plus 3-methyl-1-butanol (AAMB), a moth lure that is based on the odor chemistry of fermented molasses baits. Fifty-two of the 114 species were trapped with a floral odorant lure comprised of phenylacetaldehyde, beta-myrcene, methyl salicylate, and methyl-2-methoxy benzoate. Preference for one lure type was statistically supported for 10 species of moths: seven to the AAMB lure and three to the floral lure. To gain better information on lure preference, 10 pairs of traps baited with the same lures were maintained in a single habitat type (riparian) during 2008. Sixty-eight of 89 species captured were in traps baited with AAMB, and 43 were in traps baited with the floral lure. Preference for a lure type was statistically supported for 39 of the 89 species of moths trapped; 32 to the AAMB lure and seven to the floral lure. Both of these lures hold advantages for trapping different types of moths, and both lures might be used in a complementary way to sample moth biodiversity. C1 [Landolt, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Adams, Todd] Oregon Dept Agr, Salem, OR 97302 USA. [Zack, Richard S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Landolt, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM peter.landolt@ars.usda.gov FU Washington State Potato Commission FX Traps were maintained by Daryl Green in Yakima Co., WA, and by Shirley Reed in Wasco Co., OR. Gracie Galindo assisted with data entry and analysis. This research was supported in part by funding from the Washington State Potato Commission. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 498 EP 506 DI 10.1603/AN10189 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 809NJ UT WOS:000294063700015 ER PT J AU Prasifka, JR Buhay, JE Sappington, TW Heaton, EA Bradshaw, JD Gray, ME AF Prasifka, Jarrad R. Buhay, Jennifer E. Sappington, Thomas W. Heaton, Emily A. Bradshaw, Jeffrey D. Gray, Michael E. TI Stem-Boring Caterpillars of Switchgrass in the Midwestern United States SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE herbivores; biomass; bioenergy; nocturnal activity; Chaetopsis sp. ID STALK BORER LEPIDOPTERA; MISCANTHUS-X-GIGANTEUS; FLIGHT THRESHOLDS; NOCTUIDAE; CORN; BIOENERGY; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; BIOFUELS; BIOLOGY AB Lepidopteran stem borers were collected from switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L., tillers showing symptoms of infestation at seven locations in Illinois and Iowa, with additional observations made on larval and adult activity. Blastobasis repartella (Dietz) (Coleophoridae), whose only known host is switchgrass, was common in plots grown for >5 yr, whereas the polyphagous stalk borer, Papaipema nebris (Guenee) (Noctuidae), was abundant in newly established (i.e., first- and second-year) switchgrass. Haimbachia albescens Capps (Crambidae) was collected from two locations in Illinois, making switchgrass the first known host for this species. Entry holes made by B. repartella and H. albescens were usually 1-2 cm above the soil surface, precluding discrimination between these species based on external appearance of damage. Although P. nebris often entered stems within 5 cm of the soil surface, they also seemed to move between stems and were the only species entering stems at heights > 15 cm. Adults of B. repartella were active on and above the switchgrass canopy by 2130 hours, with peak activity at approximate to 0230 hours. Activity of B. repartella adults seemed greatly reduced on one night with relatively cool temperatures and low wind speeds. Data from switchgrass and giant ragweed, Ambrosia trifida L., suggest P. nebris larvae move out of switchgrass during July in search of hosts with larger diameter stems, although by then hosts such as corn, Zea mays L., or Miscanthus spp. may have outgrown the potential for serious damage. However, switchgrass could contribute to greater adult populations of P. nebris if thick-stemmed hosts such as giant ragweed are not managed. C1 [Prasifka, Jarrad R.; Buhay, Jennifer E.; Sappington, Thomas W.; Heaton, Emily A.; Bradshaw, Jeffrey D.; Gray, Michael E.] Univ Illinois, Energy Biosci Inst, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Prasifka, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM prasifka@illinois.edu FU Energy Biosciences Institute FX We appreciate the help of Alma Solis and Allen Norrbom (USDA-ARS Systematic Entomology Laboratory), who identified H. albescens and Chaetopsis sp. adults, respectively. Megan Campbell (Mendel Biotechnology, Inc.) provided access to and information on plots within a Miscanthus spp. nursery. Andy VanLoocke (University of Illinois) provided data from local weather stations at SoyFACE and Dudley Smith farms. Patricia Prasifka (Dow AgroSciences) helped with the collection of adult moths. Saritha Muppa, Arielle Liebel, Angelique Howell, Jessie Dowding, Eric Hoffmeyer, Craig Marshall, Pat Alt, and Randy Ritland assisted with collections at the Iowa farms. Research funding was provided by the Energy Biosciences Institute. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 507 EP 514 DI 10.1603/AN10183 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 809NJ UT WOS:000294063700016 ER PT J AU Carpane, P Wayadande, A Backus, E Dolezal, W Fletcher, J AF Carpane, Pablo Wayadande, Astri Backus, Elaine Dolezal, William Fletcher, Jacqueline TI Characterization and Correlation of New Electrical Penetration Graph Waveforms for the Corn Leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE electrical penetration graph; electronic monitoring of insect feeding; maize pathogens; host plant resistance; vector ID DALBULUS-MAIDIS HOMOPTERA; SPIROPLASMA-KUNKELII MYCOPLASMATALES; ELECTRONICALLY RECORDED WAVEFORMS; NEPHOTETTIX-VIRESCENS HOMOPTERA; SUSCEPTIBLE RICE VARIETIES; NILAPARVATA-LUGENS; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; PROBING BEHAVIOR; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; GREEN LEAFHOPPER AB The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is a vector of three maize, Zea mays L., pathogens that have become limiting factors for maize production in some areas of the Americas. Insect feeding plays an important role in vector acquisition and inoculation of pathogens and hence the disease spread. Thus, we sought to understand the different probing and stylet penetration activities performed by this insect while feeding on maize plants, with the ultimate goal of characterizing potential sources of insect resistance in maize. Using electrical penetration graph technology, six distinct waveforms were characterized and correlated with major probing activities of D. maidis via transmission of corn stunt spiroplasma and excretion of honeydew as markers. Major waveforms comprise stylet pathway (waveform 1), active ingestion in nonsieve elements (waveform 2), nonvascular probing (waveform 3), phloem contact (waveform 4, the X wave), phloem ingestion (waveform 5), and oviposition (waveform 6). Our results support most previous findings with this species, and also indicate that some waveforms (2, 4, and 5) are related to biopotentials generated during probing, as was previously found for other hemipteran species. The most important finding from this work is that D. maidis ingests from phloem sieve elements more frequently and for longer durations than seen in previous research, probably due to longer observation periods used in this study. This work provides basic information relevant to the understanding of probing behavior of D. maidis and to the characterization of potential sources of insect-resistant maize. C1 [Carpane, Pablo; Wayadande, Astri; Fletcher, Jacqueline] 413 Noble Res Ctr, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Backus, Elaine] USDA ARS, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Dolezal, William] Pioneer Hibreed Inc, Johnston, IA 50011 USA. RP Wayadande, A (reprint author), 413 Noble Res Ctr, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM a.wayadande@okstate.edu FU Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Johnston, IA; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station FX This work was funded by Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Johnston, IA and by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 17 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 515 EP 525 DI 10.1603/AN10052 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 809NJ UT WOS:000294063700017 ER PT J AU Ammar, E Shatters, RG Lynch, C Hall, DG AF Ammar, El-Desouky Shatters, Robert G., Jr. Lynch, Christine Hall, David G. TI Detection and Relative Titer of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in the Salivary Glands and Alimentary Canal of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Vector of Citrus Huanglongbing Disease SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE huanglongbing; citrus greening; vector relations; transmission barrier; salivary gland ID SPIROPLASMA-CITRI; INSECT; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; MOLLICUTE; PATHOGEN; PLANTS; HOSTS; PCR AB Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) bacterium has been strongly implicated as the causative agent of huanglongbing (HLB), or citrus greening, which is currently the most devastating citrus disease worldwide. HLB is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), in a persistent manner. We used quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect CLas in dissected organs of individual D. citri adults infected with HLB in the laboratory or collected from field-infected citrus trees in South Florida. The proportion of infected (CLas-positive) dissected organs was 47-70% for the salivary glands, 72-80% for the alimentary canal, and 79-97.5% for the rest of the insect body. Statistical analysis indicated that, in both field-and laboratory-infected D. citri, the proportion of infected salivary glands was significantly lower than that of other parts in the insect body. With field-collected psyllids, the relative copy number of CLas genomes, compared with psyllid genomic DNA in each sample, was significantly higher in both the salivary gland and alimentary canal compared with that in the rest of the insect body for both males and females. These results provide the first PCR confirmation of CLas in the alimentary canal and salivary glands of D. citri and strongly suggest that the salivary glands constitute an important transmission barrier to CLas in the psyllid vector. Our results also suggest that CLas may replicate or accumulate in both the alimentary canal and salivary glands of D. citri. C1 [Ammar, El-Desouky; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.; Lynch, Christine; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Ammar, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM eldammar@hotmail.com FU Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank Kathy Moulton, Lindsay Larsen, and Tina Grigsby for excellent technical assistance. Funds for this research were provided by the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation. NR 39 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 31 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0013-8746 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 104 IS 3 BP 526 EP 533 DI 10.1603/AN10134 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 809NJ UT WOS:000294063700018 ER PT J AU Fritz, GN Fritz, AH Meer, RKV AF Fritz, Gary N. Fritz, Ann H. Meer, Robert K. Vander TI Sampling High-Altitude and Stratified Mating Flights of Red Imported Fire Ant SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Solenopsis invicta; mating flights; aerial trapping; dispersal ID SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA HYMENOPTERA; GENE FLOW; FORMICIDAE; QUEENS; STINGS; FORM AB With the exception of an airplane equipped with nets, no method has been developed that successfully samples red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, sexuals in mating/dispersal flights throughout their potential altitudinal trajectories. We developed and tested a method for sampling queens and males during mating flights at altitudinal intervals reaching as high as approximate to 140 m. Our trapping system uses an electric winch and a 1.2-m spindle bolted to a swiveling platform. The winch dispenses up to 183 m of Kevlar-core, nylon rope and the spindle stores 10 panels (0.9 by 4.6 m each) of nylon tulle impregnated with Tangle-Trap. The panels can be attached to the rope at various intervals and hoisted into the air by using a 3-m-diameter, helium-filled balloon. Raising or lowering all 10 panels takes approximate to 15-20 min. This trap also should be useful for altitudinal sampling of other insects of medical importance. C1 [Fritz, Gary N.; Fritz, Ann H.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. [Meer, Robert K. Vander] USDA ARS CMAVE, Imported Fire Ant & Household Insects Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Fritz, GN (reprint author), Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. EM cfgnf@eiu.edu FU USDA-CSREES National Research Initiative [2009-35302-05069] FX We thank Michael Rust and Les Greenberg for advice and the idea of using a helium-filled balloon. We thank Nathan Fritz, David Hunter, David Milne, Rebecca Blair, and Jacqueline Moler for field assistance. This research was supported by USDA-CSREES National Research Initiative grant 2009-35302-05069. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 508 EP 512 DI 10.1603/ME10185 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JY UT WOS:000294122800004 PM 21661309 ER PT J AU Clark, GG Bernier, UR Allan, SA Kline, DL Golden, FV AF Clark, Gary G. Bernier, Ulrich R. Allan, Sandra A. Kline, Daniel L. Golden, Frances V. TI Changes in Host-Seeking Behavior of Puerto Rican Aedes aegypti After Colonization SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE attraction; colony convergence; Aedes aegypti ID ATTRACTION; CULICIDAE; RESPONSES; DIPTERA; REPELLENT; MOSQUITOS; BLENDS; DEET AB The effects of colonization on host-seeking behavior of mosquitoes was examined by comparing attraction responses of newly colonized Aedes aegypti (L.) from field-collected eggs in Puerto Rico to that of the Gainesville (Florida) strain, originally from Orlando (Florida) and in colony since 1952. Females from the Orlando and the F(0) through F(10) generations of the Puerto Rico strain were evaluated using attractant odors in a triple-cage dual-port olfactometer. Two attractant sources were used: odors from the hand of a volunteer and a standard blend of L-lactic acid, acetone, and dimethyl disulfide. Convergence of the percentage of attraction responses occurred around the F(4)-F(6) generations of the Puerto Rico strain. Both the Orlando and Puerto Rico strains exhibited similar responses for tests with the remaining F(7)-F(10) generations. A temporal effect on mosquito responses was observed for both strains regardless of the attractant blend used in tests. This study indicates that Ae. aegypti host-seeking behavior changes significantly over the first four to six generations after introduction into the laboratory, whereas the field-collected strain increases in attraction response until it stabilizes at a new level. C1 [Clark, Gary G.; Bernier, Ulrich R.; Allan, Sandra A.; Kline, Daniel L.; Golden, Frances V.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Clark, GG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM gary.clark@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 533 EP 537 DI 10.1603/ME10207 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JY UT WOS:000294122800008 PM 21661313 ER PT J AU Zhao, LM Chen, J Becnel, JJ Kline, DL Clark, GG Linthicum, KJ AF Zhao, Liming Chen, Jian Becnel, James J. Kline, Daniel L. Clark, Gary G. Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI Identification and Transcription Profiling of Trypsin in Aedes taeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae): Developmental Regulation, Blood Feeding, and Permethrin Exposure SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes taeniorhynchus; trypsin; mRNA expression; development; blood meal ID EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; OCHLEROTATUS-TAENIORHYNCHUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; AEGYPTI DIPTERA; MOSQUITO; MIDGUT; VECTOR AB The cDNA of a trypsin gene from Aedes (Ochlerotatus) taeniorhynchus (Weidemann) was cloned and sequenced. The full-length mRNA sequence (890 bp) for trypsin from Ae. taeniorhynchus (AetTryp1) was obtained, which encodes an open reading frame of 765 bp (i.e., 255 amino acids). To detect whether AetTryp is developmentally regulated, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine AetTryp1 mRNA expression levels in different developmental stages of Ae. taeniorhynchus. AetTryp1 was expressed at low levels in egg, larval, and pupal stages, but was differentially expressed in adult Ae. taeniorhynchus, with highest levels found in 5-d-old female adults when compared with teneral adults. In addition, AetTryp1 mRNA expression differed between sexes, with expression levels much lower in males. However, in both males and females, there was a significant increase in AetTryp1 transcription levels as age increased and peaked in 5-d-old adults. AetTryp1 expressed in 5-d-old female Ae. taeniorhynchus significantly increased after 30 min postblood feeding compared with the control. The AetTryp1 mRNA expression in 5-d-old female Ae. taeniorhynchus was affected by different concentrations of permethrin. C1 [Zhao, Liming; Chen, Jian] ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, MSA, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Becnel, James J.; Kline, Daniel L.; Clark, Gary G.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Zhao, LM (reprint author), ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, MSA, USDA, 59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM liming.zhao@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX We thank Drs. S. M. Valles (United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service) and H. Zhong (Florida A&M University) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We also thank Neil Sanscrainte and Kelly Anderson (United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service) for helpful support. This work was supported by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program funded by the United States Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 546 EP 553 DI 10.1603/ME10211 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JY UT WOS:000294122800010 PM 21661315 ER PT J AU Schmidtmann, ET Herrero, MV Green, AL Dargatz, DA Rodriquez, JM Walton, TE AF Schmidtmann, E. T. Herrero, M. V. Green, A. L. Dargatz, D. A. Rodriquez, J. M. Walton, T. E. TI Distribution of Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota: Clarifying the Epidemiology of Bluetongue Disease in the Northern Great Plains Region of the United States SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Culicoides; bluetongue viruses; epidemiology; animal export; vector Culicoides spatial distribution ID VARIIPENNIS COMPLEX DIPTERA; OF-AMERICA; VIRUS; CATTLE; RISK; POPULATIONS; CALIFORNIA; ABUNDANCE; HABITATS AB The presence or absence of the biting midge Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), a primary vector of bluetongue viruses (genus Orbivirus, family Reoviridae, BTV) in North America, was assessed on ranches and farms across the Northern Great Plains region of the United States, specifically Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota, as part of a 2-yr regional study of BTV exposure among cattle. Blacklight/suction trap samples totaling 280 2-night intervals were taken at 140 aquatic sites (potential larval habitat for C. sonorensis) on 82 livestock operations (ranches and farms) that span a south-to-north gradient of expected decreasing risk for exposure to BTV. In Nebraska, C. sonorensis populations were common and widespread, present at 15 of 18 operations. Of 32 operations sampled in South Dakota, seven of which were sampled in successive years, 18 were positive for C. sonorensis; 13 of 14 operations located west of the Missouri River were positive, whereas 13 of 18 operations east of the river were negative. Of 32 operations sampled in North Dakota, seven of which were sampled both years, 12 were positive for C. sonorensis. Six of eight operations located west and south of the Missouri River in North Dakota were positive, whereas 18 of 24 operations east and north of the river were negative for C. sonorensis. These data illustrate a well-defined pattern of C. sonorensis spatial distribution, with populations consistently present across Nebraska, western South Dakota, and western North Dakota; western South Dakota, and North Dakota encompass the Northwestern Plains Ecoregion where soils are nonglaciated and evaporation exceeds precipitation. In contrast, C. sonorensis populations were largely absent east of the Missouri River in South Dakota and North Dakota; this area comprises the Northwestern Glaciated Plains Ecoregion and Northern Glaciated Plains Ecoregion where surface soils reflect Wisconsinan glaciation and precipitation exceeds evaporation. In defining a well-demarcated pattern of population presence or absence on a regional scale, the data suggest that biogeographic factors regulate the distribution of C. sonorensis and in turn BTV exposure. These factors, ostensibly climate and soil type as they affect the suitability of larval habitat, may explain the absence of C. sonorensis, hence limited risk for exposure to BTV, across the eastern Northern Plains, upper Midwest, and possibly Northeast, regions of the United States. C1 [Schmidtmann, E. T.] Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Herrero, M. V.] Univ Nacl, Sch Vet Med, Heredia 863000, Costa Rica. [Green, A. L.; Dargatz, D. A.; Rodriquez, J. M.; Walton, T. E.] USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Green, A. L.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable & Environm Dis Serv, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM edschmidtmann@gmail.com NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 634 EP 643 DI 10.1603/ME10231 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JY UT WOS:000294122800020 PM 21661325 ER PT J AU Doyle, MS Swope, BN Hogsette, JA Burkhalter, KL Savage, HM Nasci, RS AF Doyle, Michael S. Swope, Bethany N. Hogsette, Jerome A. Burkhalter, Kristen L. Savage, Harry M. Nasci, Roger S. TI Vector Competence of the Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) for West Nile Virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys calcitrans; biological transmission; mechanical transmission; Pelecanus erythrorhynchos; West Nile virus ID FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; EQUINE INFECTIOUS-ANEMIA; AMERICAN WHITE PELICANS; CULEX-PIPIENS COMPLEX; STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS L; MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION; FLIES DIPTERA; BOVINE LEUKOSIS; NORTH-AMERICA; SHELBY COUNTY AB In 2006-2007, stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), were suspected of being enzootic vectors of West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) during a die-off of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin) (Pelecanidae) in Montana, USA. WNV-positive stable flies were observed feeding en masse on incapacitated, WNV-positive pelicans, arousing suspicions that the flies could have been involved in WNV transmission among pelicans, and perhaps to livestock and humans. We assessed biological transmission by infecting stable flies intrathoracically with WNV and testing them at 2-d intervals over 20 d. Infectious WNV was detected in fly bodies in decreasing amounts over time for only the first 6 d postinfection, an indication that WNV did not replicate within fly tissues and that stable flies cannot biologically transmit WNV. We assessed mechanical transmission using a novel technique. Specifically, we fed WNV-infected blood to individual flies by using a cotton swab (i.e., artificial donor), and at intervals of 1 min-24 h, we allowed flies to refeed on a different swab saturated with WNV-negative blood (i.e., artificial recipient). Flies mechanically transmitted viable WNV from donor to recipient swabs for up to 6 h postinfection, with the majority of the transmission events occurring within the first hour. Flies mechanically transmitted WNV RNA to recipient swabs for up to 24 h, mostly within the first 6 h. Given its predilection to feed multiple times when disturbed, these findings support the possibility that the stable fly could mechanically transmit WNV. C1 [Doyle, Michael S.; Swope, Bethany N.; Burkhalter, Kristen L.; Savage, Harry M.; Nasci, Roger S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hogsette, Jerome A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Doyle, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mdoyle@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 22 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 656 EP 668 DI 10.1603/ME10167 PG 13 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JY UT WOS:000294122800023 PM 21661328 ER PT J AU Chiu, CJ Taylor, A AF Chiu, Chung-Jung Taylor, Allen TI Author Response: Role of Higher Dietary Carbohydrate Intake in Cataract Development SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID AGE-RELATED CATARACT C1 [Chiu, Chung-Jung; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chiu, CJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM cj.chiu@tufts.edu; allen.taylor@tufts.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 52 IS 6 BP 3594 EP 3594 DI 10.1167/iovs.11-7614 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 800CF UT WOS:000293335400020 ER PT J AU Iovene, M Cavagnaro, PF Senalik, D Buell, CR Jiang, JM Simon, PW AF Iovene, Marina Cavagnaro, Pablo F. Senalik, Douglas Buell, C. Robin Jiang, Jiming Simon, Philipp W. TI Comparative FISH mapping of Daucus species (Apiaceae family) SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Carrot; wild Daucus species; integration map; comparative FISH mapping; chromosome evolution ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CYTOGENETIC MAP; GENOME; CARROT; CAROTA; RECOMBINATION; MARKERS; RICE AB The cytogenetic characterization of the carrot genome (Daucus carota L., 2n = 18) has been limited so far, partly because of its somatic chromosome morphology and scant of chromosome markers. Here, we integrate the carrot linkage groups with pachytene chromosomes by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping genetically anchored bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs). We isolated a satellite repeat from the centromeric regions of the carrot chromosomes, which facilitated the study of the pachytene-based karyotype and demonstrated that heterochromatic domains were mainly confined to the pericentromeric regions of each chromosome. Chromosome-specific BACs were used to: (1) physically locate genetically unanchored DNA sequences, (2) reveal relationships between genetic and physical distances, and (3) address chromosome evolution in Daucus. Most carrot BACs generated distinct FISH signals in 22-chromosome Daucus species, providing evidence for syntenic chromosome segments and rearrangements among them. These results provide a foundation for further cytogenetic characterization and chromosome evolution studies in Daucus. C1 [Senalik, Douglas; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Simon, PW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Philipp.Simon@ars.usda.gov RI Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009 NR 58 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0967-3849 J9 CHROMOSOME RES JI Chromosome Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 19 IS 4 BP 493 EP 506 DI 10.1007/s10577-011-9202-y PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 794VJ UT WOS:000292929100005 PM 21547583 ER PT J AU Abbas, HK AF Abbas, Hamed K. TI Introduction to the toxin reviews special issue ""Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxin, cyclopiazonic acid, and biological control"" SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Abbas, Hamed K.] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Abbas, HK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PD MAY-AUG PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 31 EP 32 DI 10.3109/15569543.2011.590624 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 794QM UT WOS:000292915900001 ER PT J AU Abbas, HK Weaver, MA Horn, BW Carbone, I Monacell, JT Shier, WT AF Abbas, Hamed K. Weaver, Mark A. Horn, Bruce W. Carbone, Ignazio Monacell, James T. Shier, W. Thomas TI Selection of Aspergillus flavus isolates for biological control of aflatoxins in corn SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Biological control; mycotoxins; aflatoxins; cyclopiazonic acid; corn; Aspergillus flavus; competitive exclusion ID CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID PRODUCTION; VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS; SECTION FLAVI; UNITED-STATES; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; BT-CORN; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SUBGENUS PENICILLIUM; MISSISSIPPI DELTA AB The fungus Aspergillus flavus is responsible for producing carcinogenic mycotoxins, the aflatoxins, on corn (maize) and other crops. An additional harmful toxin, cyclopiazonic acid, is produced by some isolates of A. flavus. Several A. flavus strains that do not produce one or both of these mycotoxins are being used in biological control to competitively exclude the toxin-producing strains from the agroecosystem, particularly from seeds, grain and other marketable commodities. Three well-studied non-aflatoxigenic strains, including two that are commercially available, have been compared in side-by-side field trials. The results of that study, together with a growing understanding of A. flavus ecology and new genetic insights, are guiding the selection of biocontrol strains and influencing crop management decisions for safe and sustainable production. C1 [Abbas, Hamed K.; Weaver, Mark A.] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. [Horn, Bruce W.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA USA. [Carbone, Ignazio; Monacell, James T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Shier, W. Thomas] Univ Minnesota, Coll Pharm, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Abbas, HK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. EM hamed.abbas@ars.usda.gov OI Weaver, Mark/0000-0001-9020-7264 NR 106 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 13 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1556-9543 J9 TOXIN REV JI Toxin Rev. PD MAY-AUG PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 59 EP 70 DI 10.3109/15569543.2011.591539 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 794QM UT WOS:000292915900006 ER PT J AU Accinelli, C Abbas, HK AF Accinelli, Cesare Abbas, Hamed K. TI New perspectives for the application of bioplastic materials in the biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus in corn SO TOXIN REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Mycotoxins; aflatoxins; biodegradable biopolymers; pest control; biopesticides; formulations ID NON-BT-CORN; REDUCE AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PLANTING DATE; BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS; PACKAGING MATERIALS; MAIZE; STARCH; MYCOTOXIN; SOIL AB Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by certain filamentous fungi that can contaminate a large variety of agricultural commodities before and after harvest. Among different mycotoxins, aflatoxins and especially aflatoxin B1 are of particular concern because they are potent natural carcinogens. Aflatoxin-producing fungi, mainly Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, are ubiquitous, being commonly isolated from agricultural soil and crop debris. Although many aspects of the ecology of aflatoxin-producing fungi have been elucidated, control of aflatoxin contamination of agricultural crops remains a difficult task. Agronomical practices promoting general plant health have shown variable and more frequently limited success in preharvest control of aflatoxin contamination. Competitive replacement of indigenous toxigenic soil isolates is considered a more promising and effective approach. This biocontrol strategy is based on field application of a large number of propagules of nontoxigenic strains of A. flavus. Biocontrol strains are typically formulated as inoculated or spore-coated grain seeds. More recently, efforts to explore new approaches and technologies have resulted in the development of other practical solutions, including a bioplastic-based formulation. This formulation originally developed in 2008, consists of bioplastic granules entrapping spores of the nontoxigenic biocontrol strain, A. flavus NRRL 30797. Laboratory and field studies that have been conducted until now have clearly shown that granules of the starch-based bioplastic Mater-Bi85%) agricultural, with major crops of corn and soybeans. Atrazine herbicide is of significant concern, as the St. Joseph River is the source of drinking water for the city of Fort Wayne, Indiana, with Cedar Creek being the main tributary. Major objectives were to evaluate the ability of AnnAGNPS to simulate runoff and atrazine concentrations in uncalibrated, calibrated, and validation modes. In an uncalibrated mode, flow discharge predictions by AnnAGNPS were satisfactory at the CCW scale but could be improved through calibration. Flow discharge for both CCW and MDS could be well matched with observed values during model calibration and validation. AnnAGNPS predictions of atrazine concentrations in runoff water were very poor, and it was impossible to improve the results through any type of calibration. Inspection of the model source code revealed a unit conversion error in the runoff value being input to the pesticide routine, which when corrected greatly improved the results. The corrected AnnAGNPS model code could be satisfactorily calibrated and validated for predictions of atrazine concentrations in the MDS, but not in the CCW where only coarse measured data were available. C1 [Flanagan, D. C.; Heathman, G. C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zuercher, B. W.] USDA, NRCS, Columbus, IN USA. RP Flanagan, DC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, 275 S Russell St W, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Dennis.Flanagan@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 811 EP 825 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800006 ER PT J AU White, MJ Storm, DE Busteed, PR Matlock, MD West, RR AF White, M. J. Storm, D. E. Busteed, P. R. Matlock, M. D. West, R. R. TI EVALUATING POTENTIAL PHOSPHORUS MANAGEMENT IMPACTS IN THE LAKE EUCHA BASIN USING SWAT SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Modeling; Nonpoint-source pollution; Phosphorus transport; SWAT; Water quality; Watershed management ID WATER-QUALITY; NUTRIENT RETENTION; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; RUNOFF; LITTER; CALIBRATION; NEXRAD; POINT AB Lake Eucha is a nexus of water quality conflicts between agribusiness and environmentalists, urban and rural stakeholders, and municipalities and state governments. The decline in water quality in Lake Eucha, a drinking water supply reservoir for the city of Tulsa, has been attributed to both municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent and the application of poultry litter as a fertilizer within the basin. Litigation has forced policy changes in the basin with little knowledge of their eventual impact on water quality. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to evaluate the effect of various nutrient management scenarios, including those forced by the litigation, on nutrient loads to Lake Eucha. The model was calibrated for streamflow and total phosphorus using a complex shuffled evolution approach on a 75 GHz computer cluster. These predictions were used to identify management strategies predicted to meet established in-lake water quality standards. SWAT predicted that the litigation-imposed changes in the basin have reduced potential phosphorus load to Lake Eucha by 39%. The model also predicted that additional changes will be needed to meet the current water quality standard. This study illustrates how a watershed model can be used to assess potential management scenarios and identify strategies to meet a particular water quality standard. This information allows policy makers to make more informed water quality management decisions. C1 [White, M. J.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76520 USA. [Storm, D. E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Busteed, P. R.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. [Matlock, M. D.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [West, R. R.] Environm Operat, City Of Tulsa, OK USA. RP White, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76520 USA. EM mike.white@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; Oklahoma State University Agricultural Experiment Station FX We would like to thank the USDA and the Oklahoma State University Agricultural Experiment Station for funding this research. We would also like to thank Joe Schneider of the Delaware County Soil and Water Conservation District and Jason Hollenbeck of the Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service for assisting with the collection of ground truth data. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 827 EP 835 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800007 ER PT J AU Hubbard, RK Anderson, WF Newton, GL Ruter, JM Wilson, JP AF Hubbard, R. K. Anderson, W. F. Newton, G. L. Ruter, J. M. Wilson, J. P. TI PLANT GROWTH AND ELEMENTAL UPTAKE BY FLOATING VEGETATION ON A SINGLE-STAGE SWINE WASTEWATER LAGOON SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biomass production; Floating vegetated mats; Elemental uptake; Wastewater lagoon ID EFFLUENT; NUTRIENTS AB Methods are needed for utilizing nutrients contained within animal wastewater lagoons. One potential method for capturing nutrients in a useful form is to grow vegetation on the lagoon. A study was conducted from 2005 to 2008 to determine the feasibility of growing vegetation on floating platforms on a single-stage swine wastewater lagoon. Five species were selected from earlier studies as having potential for growth on a commercial swine farm wastewater lagoon: common bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.), Tifton 85 bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.), St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter Kuntze)), fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum (L.) Michx.), and giant reed (Arundo donax L.). The plants were periodically harvested as needed, and the biomass was weighed and analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Al, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Giant reed and St. Augustine grass were found to be unsuitable for long-term growth on the wastewater lagoon. The greatest biomass production (sum of six cuttings) was 3.6 kg m(-2) dry matter from Tifton 85 bermuda grass, followed by common bermuda grass (3.2 kg m(-2) dry matter) and fall panicum (3.1 kg m(-2) dry matter). All of the plant species accumulated greater than 1000 ppm Na. Nutrient (N, P, and K) uptake and removal from the wastewater with biomass harvesting was primarily a function of biomass produced. The greatest annual uptake and removal of N and P from the wastewater was by Tifton 85 bermuda grass in 2006, where three cuttings of the floating vegetation removed totals of 69 and 25 g m-2 N and P, respectively. Annual uptake and removal of K was greatest by fall panicum, where uptake and removal by three cuttings in 2007 totaled 78 g m-2. In 2008, weeds that had populated the mats were harvested for biomass and elemental uptake. Uptake and total removal of nutrients in two cuttings of the weeds in 2008 was lower than what was observed with the planted species. Total uptake and removal of N, P, and K by the weeds in 2008 was approximately 30, 10, and 30 g m(-2). The study showed that plant species exist that can grow and thrive on single-stage anaerobic wastewater lagoons on floating platforms for at least two years while taking up N, P, and K from the wastewater. Harvesting of biomass (which could potentially be used as a soil amendment or as cellulosic feedstock for bioenergy) from floating mats hence could be a mechanism for animal producers to both remove and productively use nutrients contained in the wastewater. C1 [Hubbard, R. K.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Anderson, W. F.; Wilson, J. P.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Newton, G. L.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Ruter, J. M.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Hubbard, RK (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM bob.hubbard@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 837 EP 845 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800008 ER PT J AU Gilley, JE Durso, LM Eigenberg, RA Marx, DB Woodbury, BL AF Gilley, J. E. Durso, L. M. Eigenberg, R. A. Marx, D. B. Woodbury, B. L. TI NARROW GRASS HEDGE CONTROL OF NUTRIENT LOADS FOLLOWING VARIABLE MANURE APPLICATIONS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Erosion; Grass filters; Land application; Manure management; Manure runoff; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Phosphorus; Runoff; Water quality ID VEGETATIVE FILTER STRIPS; SOIL LOSS; RAINFALL SIMULATOR; CONCENTRATED FLOW; COTTON PLOTS; RUNOFF; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENT; NITROGEN; EROSION AB The effectiveness of a narrow grass hedge in reducing runoff nutrient loads following manure application was examined in this study. Beef cattle manure was applied to 0.75 m wide by 4.0 m long plots established on an Aksarben silty clay loam located in southeast Nebraska. Manure was added at rates required to meet none or the 1, 2, or 4 year nitrogen requirements for corn. Runoff water quality was measured during three 30 mm simulated rainfall events. Manure application rate significantly affected dissolved phosphorus (DP) and total phosphorus (TP) loads in runoff on the plots without a grass hedge. Howevet; DP and TP loads were not significantly affected by manure application rate on the plots containing a hedge. The hedge reduced the mean load of DP in runoff from 0.69 to 0.08 kg ha(-1) and the load of TP from 1.05 to 0.13 kg ha(-1). When averaged across manure application rates, 0.11 kg NO(3)-N ha(-1), 0.02 kg NH(4)-N ha(-1), and 0.49 kg total nitrogen (TN) ha(-1) were measured from the plots with a hedge, compared to 0.39 kg NO(3)-N ha(-1), 0.55 kg NH(4)-N ha(-1), and 2.52 kg TN ha(-1) front the plots without a hedge. For the plots with a grass hedge, runoff loads of DP and TP where manure was applied were similar to values obtained with no manure application. Each of the runoff water quality parameters was significantly affected by runoff rate. A narrow grass hedge placed on the contour across a hillslope significantly reduced runoff nutrient loads following variable manure applications. C1 [Gilley, J. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Eigenberg, R. A.; Woodbury, B. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Marx, D. B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Gilley, JE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Chase Hall,Room 251, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM John.Gilley@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 847 EP 855 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800009 ER PT J AU Williams, MR Feyereisen, GW Beegle, DB Shannon, RD Folmar, GJ Bryant, RB AF Williams, M. R. Feyereisen, G. W. Beegle, D. B. Shannon, R. D. Folmar, G. J. Bryant, R. B. TI MANURE APPLICATION UNDER WINTER CONDITIONS: NUTRIENT RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Leachate; Lysimeter; Manure; Runoff; Winter ID SEASONALLY FROZEN SOILS; FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; SPREAD MANURE; DAIRY MANURE; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; SURFACE; EUTROPHICATION; MANAGEMENT; POLLUTION AB Winter application of manure is commonly practiced in the northeastern and north-central U.S. Potential nutrient losses from winter-applied manure are difficult to predict due to uncertainty in weather forecasting and limited knowledge on soil-nutrient-hydrology interactions during the winter. The objective of this study was to extend the understanding of nutrient cycling and transport processes associated with manure application methods during winter months. Specifically, the influence of manure position within the snowpack on nutrient losses was examined using a laboratory approach. Dairy manure was applied either before, midway through, or upon completion of an artificial snowfall. Runoff and leachate were subsequently collected throughout a snowmelt event and rainfall simulations. Manure application prior to the snowfall increased the losses of total N and NH(4)-N in snowmelt runoff and resulted in larger losses of both N and P in runoff during the rainfall simulation. Manure application on top of the snow reduced the amount of NH(4)-N losses but increased the losses of organic N, DRP, and total P in snowmelt runoff The results of this research show that the relative position of manure within the snowpack plays a significant role in the fate of N and P from winter-applied manure. C1 [Feyereisen, G. W.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Williams, M. R.; Shannon, R. D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Beegle, D. B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agron, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Folmar, G. J.; Bryant, R. B.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. RP Feyereisen, GW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Gary.Feyereisen@ars.usda.gov RI Baulch, Helen/I-9529-2012 NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 891 EP 899 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800013 ER PT J AU Nearing, MA Wei, H Stone, JJ Pierson, FB Spaeth, KE Weltz, MA Flanagan, DC Hernandez, M AF Nearing, M. A. Wei, H. Stone, J. J. Pierson, F. B. Spaeth, K. E. Weltz, M. A. Flanagan, D. C. Hernandez, M. TI A RANGELAND HYDROLOGY AND EROSION MODEL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Erodibility; Erosion control; Grazing; Green-Ampt; Hydrologic modeling; Infiltration; Kinematic wave; Model validation; Parameter estimation; Runoff Semi arid; Soil conservation; USDA; USLE; WEPP ID EFFECTIVE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITIES; SOIL-EROSION; CURVE NUMBERS; WATER; INFILTRATION; VEGETATION; RUNOFF; RAIN; VARIABILITY; TECHNOLOGY AB Soil loss rates on rangelands are considered one of the few quantitative indicators for assessing rangeland health and conservation practice effectiveness. An erosion model to predict soil loss specific for rangeland applications is needed because existing erosion models were developed from croplands where the hydrologic and erosion processes are different, largely due to much higher levels of heterogeneity in soil and plant properties at the plot scale and the consolidated nature of the soils. The Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model (RHEM) was designed to fill that need. RHEM is an event-based derivation of the WEPP model made by removing relationships developed specifically for croplands and incorporating new equations derived from rangeland data. RHEM represents erosion processes under disturbed and undisturbed rangeland conditions, it adopts a new splash erosion and thin sheet-flow transport equation developed from rangeland data, and it links the model hydrologic and erosion parameters with rangeland plant communities by providing a new system of parameter estimation equations based on 204 plots at 49 rangeland sites distributed across 15 western U.S. states. RHEM estimates runoff erosion, and sediment delivery rates and volumes at the spatial scale of the hillslope and the temporal scale of a single rainfall event. Experiments were conducted to generate independent data for model evaluation, and the coefficients of determination (r(2)) for runoff and erosion predictions were 0.87 and 0.50, respectively, which indicates the ability of RHEM to provide reasonable runoff and soil loss prediction capabilities for rangeland management and research needs. C1 [Nearing, M. A.; Stone, J. J.] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Wei, H.; Hernandez, M.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ USA. [Pierson, F. B.] USDA ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Spaeth, K. E.] USDA, NRCS, Cent Natl Technol Support Ctr, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Weltz, M. A.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV USA. [Flanagan, D. C.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Nearing, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM mark.nearing@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 34 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 901 EP 908 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800014 ER PT J AU Pradhan, A Shrestha, DS McAloon, A Yee, W Haas, M Duffield, JA AF Pradhan, A. Shrestha, D. S. McAloon, A. Yee, W. Haas, M. Duffield, J. A. TI ENERGY LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF SOYBEAN BIODIESEL REVISITED SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Biofuel; Energy balance; Energy life-cycle analysis; Fossil energy ratio; LCA ID COSTS AB The first comprehensive life-cycle assessment (LCA) for soybean biodiesel produced in the U.S. was completed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in 1998, and the energy inventory for this analysis was updated in 2009 using 2002 data. The continual adoption of new technologies in farming, soybean processing, and for biodiesel conversion affects the life-cycle energy use over time, requiring that LCA practitioners update their models as often as possible. This study uses the most recently available data to update the energy life-cycle of soybean biodiesel and makes comparisons with the two past studies. The updated analysis showed that the fossil energy ratio (FER) of soybean biodiesel was 5.54 using 2006 agricultural data. This is a major improvement over the FER of 3.2 reported in the 1998 NREL study that used 1990 agricultural data and significantly better than the FER of 4.56 reported using 2002 data. The improvements are primarily due to improved soybean yields and more energy-efficient soybean crushing and conversion facilities. The energy input in soybean agriculture was reduced by 52%, in soybean crushing by 58% and in transesterification by 33% per unit volume of biodiesel produced. Overall, the energy input reduction was 42% for the same amount of biodiesel produced. The addition of secondary inputs, such as farm machinery and building materials, did not have a significant effect on the FER. The FER of soybean biodiesel is likely to continue to improve over time because of increases in soybean yields and the development of increasingly energy-efficient technologies. C1 [Pradhan, A.; Shrestha, D. S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [McAloon, A.; Yee, W.; Haas, M.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Duffield, J. A.] USDA, Off Energy Policy & New Uses, Off Chief Economist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Shrestha, DS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, POB 442060, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM devs@uidaho.edu NR 30 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 1031 EP 1039 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800027 ER PT J AU Tallada, JG Wicklow, DT Pearson, TC Armstrong, PR AF Tallada, J. G. Wicklow, D. T. Pearson, T. C. Armstrong, P. R. TI DETECTION OF FUNGUS-INFECTED CORN KERNELS USING NEAR-INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY AND COLOR IMAGING SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Classification; Discriminant analysis; Maize; Multi-layer perceptron; NIR spectroscopy ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; DIPLODIA-MAYDIS; MAIZE; RESISTANCE; FUMONISIN; HYBRIDS AB Contamination of grain products by fungus can lead to economic losses and is deleterious to human and livestock health. Detection and quantification of fungus-infected corn kernels would be advantageous for producers and breeders in evaluating quality and in selecting hybrids with resistance to infection. This study evaluated the performance of single-kernel near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and color imaging to discriminate corn kernels infected by eight fungus species at different levels of infection. Discrimination was done according to the level of infection and the mold species. NIR spectra (904 to 1685 nm) and color images were used to develop linear and nonlinear prediction models using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural networks. NIRS was able to accurately detect 98% of the uninfected control kernels, compared to about 89% for the color imaging. Results for detecting all levels of infection using NIR were 89% and 79% for the uninfected control and infected kernels, respectively; color imaging was able to discriminate 75% of both the control and infected kernels. In general, there was better discrimination for control kernels than for infected kernels, and certain mold species had better classification accuracy than others when using NIR. The vision system was not able to classify mold species well. The use of principal component analysis on image data did not improve the classification results, while LDA performed almost as well as MLP models. LDA and mean centering NIR spectra gave better classification models. Compared to the results of NIR spectrometry, the classification accuracy of the color imaging system was less attractive, although the instrument has a lower cost and a higher throughput. C1 [Pearson, T. C.; Armstrong, P. R.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Tallada, J. G.] Univ Philippines, Dept Elect Engn, Los Banos, Philippines. [Wicklow, D. T.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Armstrong, PR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM paul.armstrong@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 1151 EP 1158 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 793DO UT WOS:000292800800039 ER PT J AU Koenig, WD Walters, EL Liebhold, AM AF Koenig, Walter D. Walters, Eric L. Liebhold, Andrew M. TI EFFECTS OF GYPSY MOTH OUTBREAKS ON NORTH AMERICAN WOODPECKERS SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE cavity-nesting birds; gypsy moths; Lymantria dispar; pulsed resources; woodpeckers ID LYMANTRIA-DISPAR; NATIVE PREDATORS; CHESTNUT BLIGHT; LEPIDOPTERA; POPULATIONS; DEFOLIATION; FOREST; SYNCHRONY; INVASION; HISTORY AB We examined the effects of the introduced gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) on seven species of North American woodpeckers by matching spatially explicit data on gypsy moth outbreaks with data on breeding and wintering populations. In general, we detected modest effects during outbreaks: during the breeding season one species, the Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus), increased over pre-outbreak levels, while during the winter one species, the Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius), increased and one, the Downy Woodpecker (Picoides pubescens), decreased from pre-outbreak levels. Responses following outbreaks were similarly variable, and in general we were unsuccessful at predicting population responses to outbreaks from a priori knowledge of woodpecker ecology and behavior. We did, however, find evidence that the response of at least half of the species changed over the 34-year period covered by the study: except for the Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus), whose response to outbreaks during the winter decreased, populations generally responded more positively to outbreaks with time. This temporal response suggests that North American woodpeckers may be taking greater advantage of the resource pulse and/or habitat changes caused by outbreaks of this exotic pest now than previously, so in the future the effects of gypsy moth outbreaks on these species may increase. C1 [Koenig, Walter D.; Walters, Eric L.] Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Koenig, Walter D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Koenig, WD (reprint author), Cornell Lab Ornithol, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM wdk4@cornell.edu RI Walters, Eric/C-1685-2008; Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; OI Walters, Eric/0000-0002-9414-5758; Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Koenig, Walter/0000-0001-6207-1427 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0918944] FX This paper was written for a symposium entitled "Population and community responses of cavity-nesting birds to natural and anthropogenic disturbance" organized by Kristina Cockle, Andrea Norris, and Kathy Martin at the 2010 annual meeting of the American Ornithologists' Union, Cooper Ornithological Society, and Society of Canadian Ornithologists. We thank them, Kim Smith, and several anonymous reviewers for comments on previous versions of the manuscript. We also thank Ben Zuckerberg for help with our continuing efforts to navigate R and David Bonter, Wes Hochachka, and Ben Zuckerberg for discussion. Our work on woodpecker ecology has been supported by the National Science Foundation, most recently by grant IOS-0918944. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 38 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD MAY PY 2011 VL 113 IS 2 BP 352 EP 361 DI 10.1525/cond.2011.100039 PG 10 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 779CD UT WOS:000291754800011 ER PT J AU Reddy, UK Rong, JK Nimmakayala, P Vajja, G Rahman, MA Yu, J Soliman, KM Heller-Uszynska, K Kilian, A Paterson, AH AF Reddy, Umesh K. Rong, Jun-kang Nimmakayala, Padma Vajja, Gopinath Rahman, Mohammad A. Yu, John Soliman, Khairy M. Heller-Uszynska, Katarzyna Kilian, Andrzej Paterson, Andrew H. TI Use of diversity arrays technology markers for integration into a cotton reference map and anchoring to a recombinant inbred line map SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE diversity array technology markers; reference genetic map; AFLPs; Arabidopsis synteny ID SEQUENCE-TAGGED SITES; WILD RELATIVES; GOSSYPIUM; GENOME; DART; ORGANIZATION; POLYPLOIDY; EVOLUTION; SORGHUM AB A diversity array technology (DArT) marker platform was developed for the cotton genome, to evaluate the use of DArT markers compared with AFLP markers in mapping and transferability across the mapping populations. We used a reference genetic map of tetraploid Gossypium L. that already contained similar to 5000 loci, which coalesced into 26 chromosomes, to anchor newly developed DArT and AFLP markers with the aim of further improving utility and map resolution. Our results indicated that the percentage of polymorphic DArT markers that could be genetically mapped (78.15%) was much higher than that of AFLP markers (22.28%). Sequence analysis of DArT markers indicated that a majority matched known expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences from tetraploid and diploid Gossypium species. A total of 794 Arabidopsis genes were homologous with various DArT marker sequences. Chromosomes 5(A), 7(A), 19(D), 23(D), and 24(D) had more Arabidopsis syntenic DArT markers than the other chromosomes. Anchoring DArT markers from the reference map to a recombinant inbred line (RIL) map indicated that DArT markers will speed the building of maps in de novo RIL populations. C1 [Reddy, Umesh K.; Nimmakayala, Padma; Vajja, Gopinath; Rahman, Mohammad A.] W Virginia State Univ, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Reddy, Umesh K.; Nimmakayala, Padma; Vajja, Gopinath; Rahman, Mohammad A.] W Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Inst, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Rong, Jun-kang; Paterson, Andrew H.] Univ Georgia, Plant Genome Mapping Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Yu, John] ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Soliman, Khairy M.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Heller-Uszynska, Katarzyna; Kilian, Andrzej] Divers Arrays Technol Pty Ltd, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia. RP Reddy, UK (reprint author), W Virginia State Univ, Dept Biol, Institute, WV 25112 USA. EM ureddy@wvstateu.edu FU Cotton Incorporated Genetics and Breeding Initiative [02-261]; United States Department of Agriculture, National Research Initiative through Alabama AM University [SUB-2003-353-13286AS] FX Funding support provided by contract No. 02-261 from the Cotton Incorporated Genetics and Breeding Initiative; United States Department of Agriculture, National Research Initiative subcontract SUB-2003-353-13286AS through Alabama A&M University; and Evans Allen Research assistantships to G. V. and M. A. R. by the Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University. We acknowledge R. Ford for his critical comments. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2011 VL 54 IS 5 BP 349 EP 359 DI 10.1139/G11-001 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 776TU UT WOS:000291561900001 PM 21524184 ER PT J AU Jun, TH Michel, AP Mian, MAR AF Jun, Tae-Hwan Michel, Andrew P. Mian, M. A. Rouf TI Development of soybean aphid genomic SSR markers using next generation sequencing SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE soybean aphid; microsatellite; biotypes; sequencing ID MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; GENETIC-MARKERS; EST; TRANSFERABILITY; SELECTION; RICE; LOCI; MAPS; L. AB Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or microsatellites are very useful molecular markers, owing to their locus-specific codominant and multiallelic nature, high abundance in the genome, and high rates of transferability across species. The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become the most damaging insect pest of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in North America, since it was first found in the Midwest of the United States in 2000. Biotypes of the soybean aphid capable of colonizing newly developed aphid-resistant soybean cultivars have been recently discovered. Genetic resources, including molecular markers, to study soybean aphids are severely lacking. Recently developed next generation sequencing platforms offer opportunities for high-throughput and inexpensive genome sequencing and rapid marker development. The objectives of this study were (i) to develop and characterize genomic SSR markers from soybean aphid genomic sequences generated by next generation sequencing technology and (ii) to evaluate the utility of the SSRs for genetic diversity or relationship analyses. In total 128 SSR primer pairs were designed from sequences generated by Illumina GAII from a reduced representation library of A. glycines. Nearly 94% (120) of the primer pairs amplified SSR alleles of expected size and 24 SSR loci were polymorphic among three aphid samples from three populations. The polymorphic SSRs were successfully used to differentiate among 24 soybean aphids from Ohio and South Dakota. Sequencing of PCR products of two SSR markers from four aphid samples revealed that the allelic polymorphism was due to variation in the SSR repeats among the aphids. These markers should be particularly useful for genetic differentiation among aphids collected from soybean fields at different localities and regions. These SSR markers provide the soybean aphid research community with the first set of PCR-based codominant markers developed from the genomic sequences of A. glycines. C1 [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Jun, Tae-Hwan; Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Mian, MAR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, USDA, ARS, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mian.3@osu.edu RI Michel, Andrew/B-5329-2012 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Ohio State University - Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center; Ohio Soybean Council [OSC 08-2-08] FX We thank K. Freewalt, W. Zhang, J. Todd, and T. Mendiola for their technical help in this study. We also thank the employees at the Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center, Ohio State University, for their help in sequencing and genotyping. This study was supported by United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; The Ohio State University - Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center; and a grant from the Ohio Soybean Council (OSC 08-2-08). Trade and manufacturers' names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 21 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD MAY PY 2011 VL 54 IS 5 BP 360 EP 367 DI 10.1139/G11-002 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 776TU UT WOS:000291561900002 PM 21529140 ER PT J AU Kamisaki-Horikoshi, N Okada, Y Takeshita, K Sameshima, T Kawasaki, S Kawamoto, S Fratamico, PM AF Kamisaki-Horikoshi, Naoko Okada, Yukio Takeshita, Kazuko Sameshima, Takashi Kawasaki, Susumu Kawamoto, Shinichi Fratamico, Pina M. TI Evaluation of TA10 Broth for Recovery of Heat- and Freeze-Injured Salmonella from Beef SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID UNIVERSAL PREENRICHMENT BROTH; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; MULTIPLEX PCR; SPP.; FOODS AB The Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) Salmonella pre-enrichment broth [lactose (LAC) broth], buffered peptone water, and universal pre-enrichment (UP) broth were compared with TA10 broth, developed in our laboratory, for recovery of heat- and freeze-injured Salmonella (55 degrees C for 2-20 min and -20 degrees C for 2 months, respectively) from beef. Beef samples were contaminated with single Salmonella serovars, and contamination levels of 0.44 to <0.001 most probable number (MPN)/g and 0.74 to 0.14 MPN/g were used for heat- and freezing-induced injury studies, respectively. Twenty test portions (25 g) of the contaminated beef were pre-enriched in each broth, and the BAM Salmonella culture method was used thereafter. There was a significant difference (chi(2) = 7.73) in recovery of heat-injured Salmonella between TA10 broth and LAC broth, 189 (67.5%) versus 156 (55.7%) positive samples, respectively, determined by plating onto selective agars and identification by biochemical tests. For the recovery of freeze-injured Salmonella, there was a significant difference (chi(2) = 24.7) between TA10 and LAC broth, 189 (72.7%) versus 133(51.2%) positive samples, respectively. TA10 broth was more effective than LAC broth and UP broth for recovery of freeze-injured Salmonella. The results indicate that TA10 broth should be used instead of LAC broth for testing of beef that may be contaminated with heat- and freeze-injured Salmonella spp. C1 [Kawasaki, Susumu; Kawamoto, Shinichi] Natl Food Res Inst, Food Hyg Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. [Kamisaki-Horikoshi, Naoko; Okada, Yukio; Takeshita, Kazuko; Sameshima, Takashi] PRIMA Meat Packers Ltd, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki 3000841, Japan. [Fratamico, Pina M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Kawasaki, S (reprint author), Natl Food Res Inst, Food Hyg Lab, Kannondai 2-1-12, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058642, Japan. EM skawasa@affrc.go.jp FU Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan [D1-7107] FX This work was supported in part by a grant (Research project for ensuring food safety from farm to table, D1-7107) from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 94 IS 3 BP 857 EP 862 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 779KB UT WOS:000291775400020 PM 21797014 ER PT J AU Beskow, S de Mello, CR Norton, LD AF Beskow, Samuel de Mello, Carlos Rogerio Norton, Lloyd Darrell TI Development, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of LASH model SO SCIENTIA AGRICOLA LA English DT Article DE GLUE methodology; Morris method; hydrologic modeling; parameter ranges; automatic calibration ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; HYDROLOGIC MODEL; RIVER-BASIN; METHODOLOGY; CALIBRATION; PARAMETERS; RUNOFF; PREDICTION; IMPACT; BRAZIL AB Many hydrologic models have been developed to help manage natural resources all over the world. Nevertheless, most models have presented a high complexity regarding data base requirements, as well as, many calibration parameters. This has brought serious difficulties for applying them in watersheds where there is scarcity of data. The development of the Lavras Simulation of Hydrology (LASH) in a GIS framework is described in this study, which focuses on its main components, parameters, and capabilities. Coupled with LASH, sensitivity analysis, parameter range reduction, and uncertainty analysis were performed prior to the calibration effort by using specific techniques (Morris method, Monte Carlo simulation and a Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation - GLUE) with a data base from a Brazilian Tropical Experimental Watershed (32 km(2)), in order to predict streamflow on a daily basis. LASH is a simple deterministic and spatially distributed model using long-term data sets, and a few maps to predict streamflow at a watershed outlet. We were able to identify the most sensitive parameters which are associated with the base flow and surface runoff components, using a reference watershed. Using a conservative threshold, two parameters had their range of values reduced, thus resulting in outputs closer to measured values and facilitating automatic calibration of the model with less required iterations. GLUE was found to be an efficient method to analyze uncertainties related to the prediction of mean daily streamflow in the watershed. C1 [Beskow, Samuel; de Mello, Carlos Rogerio] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Engn, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Beskow, Samuel] Univ Fed Pelotas, Ctr Dev Tecnol Engn Hidr, BR-96060290 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Norton, Lloyd Darrell] Purdue Univ, USDA, ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP de Mello, CR (reprint author), Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Engn, CP 3037, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. EM crmello@deg.ufla.br RI de Mello, Carlos/G-5821-2012 OI de Mello, Carlos/0000-0002-6033-5342 FU CNPq; FAPEMIG [PPM IV-060/10]; USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory at Purdue University FX To CNPq and FAPEMIG (PPM IV-060/10) for financial support of this research and scholarships to the first and second authors and to the USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory at Purdue University for supporting this research. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV SAO PAOLO PI CERQUERA CESAR PA AV DR ENEAS DE CARVALHO AGUIAR, 419, CERQUERA CESAR, SP 05403-000, BRAZIL SN 1678-992X J9 SCI AGR JI Sci. Agric. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 68 IS 3 BP 265 EP 274 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 778LB UT WOS:000291704300001 ER PT J AU de Mello, CR Avila, LF Norton, LD da Silva, AM de Mello, JM Beskow, S AF de Mello, Carlos Rogerio Avila, Leo Fernandes Norton, Lloyd Darrell da Silva, Antonio Marciano de Mello, Jose Marcio Beskow, Samuel TI Spatial distribution of top soil water content in an experimental catchment of Southeast Brazil SO SCIENTIA AGRICOLA LA English DT Article DE Mantiqueira Range; soil water content mapping; soil hydrology; geostatistical techniques ID SURFACE MOISTURE; LOESS-PLATEAU; VARIABILITY; HILLSLOPE; PATTERNS; CHINA AB Soil water content is essential to understand the hydrological cycle. It controls the surface runoff generation, water infiltration, soil evaporation and plant transpiration. This work aims to analyze the spatial distribution of top soil water content and to characterize the spatial mean and standard deviation of top soil water content over time in an experimental catchment located in the Mantiqueira Range region, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Measurements of top soil water content were carried out every 15 days, between May/2007 and May/2008. Using time-domain reflectometry (TDR) equipment, 69 points were sampled in the top 0.2 m of the soil profile. Geostatistical procedures were applied in all steps of the study. First, the spatial continuity was evaluated, and the experimental semi-variogram was modeled. For the development of top soil water content maps over time a co-kriging procedure was used having the slope as a secondary variable. Rainfall regime controlled the top soil water content: during the wet season. Land use was also another fundamental local factor. The spatial standard deviation had low values under dry conditions, and high values under wet conditions. Thus, more variability occurs under wet conditions. C1 [de Mello, Carlos Rogerio; Avila, Leo Fernandes; da Silva, Antonio Marciano] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Engn, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Norton, Lloyd Darrell] Purdue Univ, USDA, ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [de Mello, Jose Marcio] Univ Fed Lavras, Depto Ciencias Florestais, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. [Beskow, Samuel] Univ Fed Pelotas, Ctr Dev Tecnol Engn Hidr, BR-96060290 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. RP de Mello, CR (reprint author), Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Engn, CP 3037, BR-37200000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. EM crmello@deg.ufla.br RI de Mello, Carlos/G-5821-2012 OI de Mello, Carlos/0000-0002-6033-5342 FU FAPEMIG [CAG 1617/06, PPM IV - 060/10]; CNPq FX To FAPEMIG for funding this research (CAG 1617/06 and PPM IV - 060/10) and to CNPq for the scholarships for the first and second authors. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV SAO PAOLO PI CERQUERA CESAR PA AV DR ENEAS DE CARVALHO AGUIAR, 419, CERQUERA CESAR, SP 05403-000, BRAZIL SN 0103-9016 J9 SCI AGR JI Sci. Agric. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 68 IS 3 BP 285 EP 294 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 778LB UT WOS:000291704300003 ER PT J AU Young, MK AF Young, Michael K. TI Generation-scale movement patterns of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus) in a stream network SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; BROWN TROUT; RESTRICTED MOVEMENT; ATLANTIC SALMON; BROOK TROUT; HABITAT-SELECTION; SPATIAL VARIATION; SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; SPAWNING HABITAT AB Movements by stream fishes have long been the subject of study and controversy. Although much discussion has focused on what proportion of fish adopt mobility within particular life stages, a larger issue involves the lifetime movements of individuals. I evaluated movements of different sizes and ages of Colorado River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus) using a variety of sampling methods from 1996 to 2001 in a 40 km network of main-stem and tributary segments of the North Fork Little Snake River, Wyoming, USA. The probability of movement was related to the period of observation, initial location, and possibly individual growth rate, whereas distance moved was related to fish size and initial location. Furthermore, it appeared that movements by juveniles were mostly downstream, whereas those of older fish were largely upstream. Movement of cutthroat trout in this basin appeared to be driven by ontogenetic changes in habitat use and variation in habitat productivity. Given that this stream network exemplifies the complexity typical of many mountain watersheds, movement as a life history tactic in fishes may be more common than is sometimes recognized. C1 Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Young, MK (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM mkyoung@fs.fed.us FU Rocky Mountain Research Station; US Forest Service; Medicine Bow - Routt National Forest FX I thank the many individuals that contributed time in the field to this research; David Turner for biometrical review; and Jason Dunham, Kurt Fausch, Bret Harvey, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This work was funded by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, the Fish Habitat Relationships Program of US Forest Service Region 2, and the Medicine Bow - Routt National Forest. NR 91 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 23 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 68 IS 5 BP 941 EP 951 DI 10.1139/F2011-023 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 775GD UT WOS:000291445900016 ER PT J AU Dumroese, RK Page-Dumroese, DS Brown, RE AF Dumroese, R. Kasten Page-Dumroese, Deborah S. Brown, Robert E. TI Allometry, nitrogen status, and carbon stable isotope composition of Pinus ponderosa seedlings in two growing media with contrasting nursery irrigation regimes SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AIR-SLIT CONTAINERS; GROWTH MEDIA; OUTPLANTING PERFORMANCE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; DISCRIMINATION; WATER; PEAT; RESISTANCE; EFFICIENCY; AERATION AB Nursery irrigation regimes that recharged container capacity when target volumetric water content reached 72%, 58%, and 44% (by volume) influenced Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson & C. Lawson growth more than either a 1: 1 (by volume) Sphagnum peat - vermiculite (PV) or a 7: 3 (by volume) Sphagnum peat - sawdust (PS) medium. Exponential fertilization avoided confounding irrigation and fertilization. Temporary nitrogen (N) immobilization in PS caused transient allometric differences prior to hardening. Subsequent release of immobilized N during the onset of hardening, when daily N flux decreased from 4.2% to 1.6%, allowed PS seedlings to avoid foliar N dilution experienced by PV seedlings. Media yielded seedlings with similar final morphological characteristics, although PS seedlings had improved N status. At onset, particle density and volumetric water content were similar for both media, but PS held about 10% more water than PV at all water potentials at experiment conclusion. Exposure to the driest water content (44%) decreased seedling growth and root N status compared with cohorts that were provided ample moisture (72%). Despite maximum tissue heterogeneity within samples and regardless of irrigation regime, seedlings became 1.3% more depleted of C-13 as the growing season progressed. Refinement of sampling procedures, with focus on ontogenetics, may improve subsequent use of stable carbon isotopes in nursery research. C1 [Dumroese, R. Kasten; Page-Dumroese, Deborah S.; Brown, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Brown, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM kdumroese@fs.fed.us FU Intermountain Container Seedling Growers' Association FX We thank the members of the Intermountain Container Seedling Growers' Association for financial support; K. E. Quick, D.J. Swanson, and S.J. Morrison for assistance growing plants; J.D. Marshall for carbon isotope discussions and comments on drafts; A. Ross-Davis and D. L. Turner for assistance with statistical analyses; and J. Heiskanen and J. R. Pinto, three anonymous reviewers, and an Associate Editor for insightful comments. This work was initiated when D. L. Wenny directed the University of Idaho nursery program; his generous support is noted. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1091 EP 1101 DI 10.1139/X11-017 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 775GI UT WOS:000291446400017 ER PT J AU Eskelson, BNI Anderson, PD Hagar, JC Temesgen, H AF Eskelson, Bianca N. I. Anderson, Paul. D. Hagar, Joan C. Temesgen, Hailemariam TI Geostatistical modeling of riparian forest microclimate and its implications for sampling SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID EXTERNAL DRIFT; CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION; WESTERN WASHINGTON; HEADWATER FORESTS; SMALL STREAMS; CLEAR-CUT; MANAGEMENT; GRADIENTS; OREGON; LANDSCAPE AB Predictive models of microclimate under various site conditions in forested headwater stream - riparian areas are poorly developed, and sampling designs for characterizing underlying riparian microclimate gradients are sparse. We used riparian microclimate data collected at eight headwater streams in the Oregon Coast Range to compare ordinary kriging (OK), universal kriging (UK), and kriging with external drift (KED) for point prediction of mean maximum air temperature (T-air). Several topographic and forest structure characteristics were considered as site-specific parameters. Height above stream and distance to stream were the most important covariates in the KED models, which outperformed OK and UK in terms of root mean square error. Sample patterns were optimized based on the kriging variance and the weighted means of shortest distance criterion using the simulated annealing algorithm. The optimized sample patterns outperformed systematic sample patterns in terms of mean kriging variance mainly for small sample sizes. These findings suggest methods for increasing efficiency of microclimate monitoring in riparian areas. C1 [Eskelson, Bianca N. I.; Temesgen, Hailemariam] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Anderson, Paul. D.] US Forest Serv, Biol & Culture Forest Plants Team, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR USA. [Hagar, Joan C.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Eskelson, BNI (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, 204 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM bianca.eskelson@oregonstate.edu RI Eskelson, Bianca/P-6095-2016 OI Eskelson, Bianca/0000-0002-3398-2333 NR 45 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 5 BP 974 EP 985 DI 10.1139/X11-015 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 775GI UT WOS:000291446400007 ER PT J AU Johnson, MC Kennedy, MC Peterson, DL AF Johnson, Morris C. Kennedy, Maureen C. Peterson, David L. TI Simulating fuel treatment effects in dry forests of the western United States: testing the principles of a fire-safe forest SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; CROWN FIRE; CALIFORNIA; USA; RECONSTRUCTION; SETTLEMENT; REDUCTION; SEVERITY; BEHAVIOR AB We used the Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FFE-FVS) to simulate fuel treatment effects on 45 162 stands in low-to midelevation dry forests (e. g., ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. P. & C. Laws.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) of the western United States. We evaluated treatment effects on predicted post-treatment fire behavior (fire type) and fire hazard (torching index). FFE-FVS predicts that thinning and surface fuel treatments reduced crown fire behavior relative to no treatment; a large proportion of stands were predicted to transition from active crown fire pre-treatment to surface fire post-treatment. Intense thinning treatments (125 and 250 residual trees.ha(-1)) were predicted to be more effective than light thinning treatments (500 and 750 residual trees.ha(-1)). Prescribed fire was predicted to be the most effective surface fuel treatment, whereas FFE-FVS predicted no difference between no surface fuel treatment and extraction of fuels. This inability to discriminate the effects of certain fuel treatments illuminates the consequence of a documented limitation in how FFE-FVS incorporates fuel models and we suggest improvements. The concurrence of results from modeling and empirical studies provides quantitative support for "fire-safe" principles of forest fuel reduction (sensu Agee and Skinner 2005. For. Ecol. Manag. 211: 83-96). C1 [Johnson, Morris C.; Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Kennedy, Maureen C.] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Johnson, MC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 400 N 34th St,Suite 201, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. EM mcjohnson@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; Bill and Melinda Gates Millennium Scholars Program FX This project was funded by the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Bill and Melinda Gates Millennium Scholars Program. The authors thank Stephanie Rebain for her countless hours solving programming problems and the Forest Management Service Center and Forest Vegetation Simulator group in Fort Collins, Colorado, for their assistance with this project. We thank Paige Eagle, Gina Wing, and Patti Loesche for help with manuscript preparation. We thank the forest managers who provided stand exam data. We thank Robert Norheim for GIS assistance and Ashley Steel for statistical advice. We thank James Agee, Don McKenzie, and Ernesto Alvarado for providing helpful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. We thank the three anonymous reviewers who provided excellent comments that greatly improved this manuscript. NR 46 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 14 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1018 EP 1030 DI 10.1139/X11-032 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 775GI UT WOS:000291446400011 ER PT J AU Westfall, JA Patterson, PL Coulston, JW AF Westfall, James A. Patterson, Paul L. Coulston, John W. TI Post-stratified estimation: within-strata and total sample size recommendations SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID FOREST INVENTORY; UNITED-STATES AB Post-stratification is used to reduce the variance of estimates of the mean. Because the stratification is not fixed in advance, within-strata sample sizes can be quite small. The survey statistics literature provides some guidance on minimum within-strata sample sizes; however, the recommendations and justifications are inconsistent and apply broadly for many different population structures. The impacts of minimum within-strata and total sample sizes on estimates of means and standard errors were examined for two forest inventory variables: proportion forestland and cubic net volume. Estimates of the means seem unbiased across a range of minimum within-strata sample sizes. A ratio that described the decrease in variability with increasing sample size allowed for assessment of minimum within-strata sample requirements to obtain stable estimates of means. This metric indicated that the minimum within-strata sample size should be at least 10. Estimates of standard errors were found to be biased at small total sample sizes. To obtain a bias of less than 3%, the required minimum total sample size was 25 for proportion forestland and 75 for cubic net volume. The results presented allow analysts to determine within-stratum and total sample size requirements corresponding to their criteria for acceptable levels of bias and variability. C1 [Westfall, James A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Patterson, Paul L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Coulston, John W.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RP Westfall, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM jameswestfall@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service FX This research was funded by the US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program. The authors are grateful to Dr. Kim Iles for comments that substantially improved the manuscript. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1130 EP 1139 DI 10.1139/X11-031 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 775GI UT WOS:000291446400021 ER PT J AU Byars, JA Fanta, GF Felker, FC AF Byars, Jeffrey A. Fanta, George F. Felker, Frederick C. TI Rheological Properties of Starch-Oil Composites with High Oil-to-Starch Ratios SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STEAM JET COOKING; DISPERSIONS; COMPLEXES AB Many applications have been developed for aqueous dispersions of jet-cooked starch-oil composites prepared by excess steam jet cooking. Previous formulations have typically contained 20-50% oil by weight based on the weight of starch. To expand the range of potential applications, new preparation methods were investigated to increase the oil content to as high as four times the weight of starch. High-amylose corn starch was cooked in an excess-steam jet cooker in the presence of oleic acid, and soybean oil was added to form the starch-oil composites. Amylose is removed from solution by forming helical inclusion complexes with the oleic acid and, if the materials are cooled sufficiently quickly, the helical inclusion complexes only form small aggregates and shells around the oil droplets. Depending on the composition and preparation method, a wide range of stable, high-oil materials from low-viscosity liquids to smooth pastes can be formed. The flow, textural, and structural properties of these materials are shown. The materials can be used in a wide range of applications, including spray lubricants, lotions, and for fat delivery in cake mixes. C1 [Byars, Jeffrey A.; Felker, Frederick C.] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Fanta, George F.] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Byars, JA (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM jeffrey.byars@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 3 BP 260 EP 263 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-10-10-0143 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776UX UT WOS:000291565100007 ER PT J AU Grimm, CC Champagne, ET Lloyd, SW Easson, M Condon, B McClung, A AF Grimm, Casey C. Champagne, Elaine T. Lloyd, Steven W. Easson, Michael Condon, Brian McClung, Anna TI Analysis of 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline in Rice by HSSE/GC/MS SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; AROMA COMPOUNDS; FRAGRANT RICE; ORYZA-SATIVA; HEADSPACE; ACIDS AB An extremely sensitive method for the analysis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in rice, employing stir bar sorptive extraction (Twister) was studied. The Twister stir bar is placed in the headspace of a 20-mL vial containing 1 g of rice kernels, 7.5 mL of 0.1M KOH, and 2.2 g of NaCl, along with a second Teflon-coated stir bar for mixing. Analytes are adsorbed onto the Twister for 4 hr at 40 degrees C and then desorbed at 270 degrees C into a GC column while cryofocusing at -80 degrees C. The headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE) method was able to detect <0.1 ppb of 2AP in rice. The precision of the HSSE method (>10%) was not as good as the GC/FID method (approximate to 6%). Using HSSE, 2AP was observed in all samples generally considered to be aromatic and was not observed in any nonaromatic samples. Additionally, a modified method for the synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was studied and the presence of a tautomer of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was confirmed. C1 [Grimm, Casey C.; Champagne, Elaine T.; Lloyd, Steven W.; Easson, Michael; Condon, Brian] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [McClung, Anna] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Grimm, CC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM casey.grimm@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 25 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 3 BP 271 EP 277 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-09-10-0136 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776UX UT WOS:000291565100009 ER PT J AU Peiris, KHS Pumphrey, MO Dong, Y Dowell, FE AF Peiris, K. H. S. Pumphrey, M. O. Dong, Y. Dowell, F. E. TI Fusarium Head Blight Symptoms and Mycotoxin Levels in Single Kernels of Infected Wheat Spikes SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SMALL-GRAIN CEREALS; WINTER-WHEAT; PLANT HEIGHT; EAR BLIGHT; RESISTANCE; DEOXYNIVALENOL; GRAMINEARUM; BARLEY; SCAB; DERIVATIVES C1 [Dowell, F. E.] ARS, USDA, CGAHR Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Peiris, K. H. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pumphrey, M. O.] ARS, USDA, CGAHR Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dong, Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Dowell, FE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CGAHR Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM Floyd.Dowell@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 3 BP 291 EP 295 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-08-10-0112 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776UX UT WOS:000291565100012 ER PT J AU Inglett, GE Chen, DJ Berhow, M AF Inglett, George E. Chen, Diejun Berhow, Mark TI Influence of Jet-Cooking Prowashonupana Barley Flour on Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Activities, and Viscoelastic Properties SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HORDEUM-VULGARE; BETA-GLUCAN; EXTRACTION; CAPACITY; GRAINS; CULTIVARS; VARIETIES; PRODUCTS; QUALITY; FOODS AB The objective was to study the influence of jet-cooked Prowashonupana barley flour on total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities, water-holding capacities, and viscoelastic properties. Barley flour was jet-cooked without or with pH adjustment at 7, 9, or 11. Generally, the free phenolic content and antioxidant activity decreased after jet-cooking, while the bound phenolic content and antioxidant significantly increased regardless of pH. Detectable levels of gallic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and p-coumaroyl-pentose in the jet-cooked barley flour hydrolysates along with vitexin were found among 21 phenolics by LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis. Jet-cooking at an elevated pH resulted in increased pasting viscosities. The oil content was decreased after jet-cooking and continued to decrease with increased pH values. Jet cooking dramatically increased water holding capacity from 179% for unprocessed flour to 643% for jet-cooked flour without pH adjustment, and water-holding capacity was greatly increased to 914% by jet-cooking at pH 11. The combination of jet-cooking and pH adjustment had tremendous influence on water-holding and pasting properties. This increase in functionality should contribute to food applications such as bakery and frozen products because of the release of the bound phenolic content, antioxidant activities, and improved water-holding and pasting abilities. C1 [Inglett, George E.; Chen, Diejun; Berhow, Mark] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Inglett, GE (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM george.inglett@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 3 BP 315 EP 320 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-10-10-0150 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776UX UT WOS:000291565100016 ER PT J AU Vidal, BC Johnston, DB Rausch, KD Tumbleson, ME Singh, V AF Vidal, Bernardo C., Jr. Johnston, David B. Rausch, Kent D. Tumbleson, M. E. Singh, Vijay TI Germ-Derived FAN as Nitrogen Source for Corn Endosperm Fermentation SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AMINO NITROGEN; PROTEASE; STARCH AB Corn endosperm separated by dry fractionation could exhibit poor fermentation performance due to loss of germ components beneficial for yeast growth. Inorganic nitrogen and other nutritional supplementations are used to overcome slow fermentation rates. We investigated the use of a protease in generating free amino nitrogen (FAN) from germ as an alternative to exogenous nitrogen sources. Up to 300% more FAN can be generated from germ in 6 hr of incubation with protease than without protease. Protease incubation also resulted in higher dry solids (ds) and total glucose contents in the germ hydrolyzates. During fermentation without urea addition, ethanol yields were dependent on mash FAN concentrations. Ethanol yields increased to a maximum when FAN level was 80-90 mg of FAN/100 g ds. At half the optimal FAN level (approximate to 40 mg of FAN/100 g ds), nitrogen limitation occurred, as indicated by high residual glucose concentrations. However. germ FAN did not increase the ethanol yields compared to urea supplementation, likely because germ FAN resulted in lower substrate consumption compared to urea supplementation. Lower substrate consumption correlated to the increase in residual maltose with increase in initial FAN. Ethanol productivity in 0-24 hr of fermentation was higher with germ FAN than with urea, thus decreasing overall fermentation time. C1 [Vidal, Bernardo C., Jr.; Rausch, Kent D.; Tumbleson, M. E.; Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Johnston, David B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Singh, V (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM vsingh@illinois.edu NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 88 IS 3 BP 328 EP 332 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-07-10-0099 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776UX UT WOS:000291565100018 ER PT J AU Khan, A Dubey, JP Su, CL Ajioka, JW Rosenthal, BM Sibley, LD AF Khan, Asis Dubey, J. P. Su, Chunlei Ajioka, James W. Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Sibley, L. David TI Genetic analyses of atypical Toxoplasma gondii strains reveal a fourth clonal lineage in North America SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genotype; Phylogeny; Linkage disequilibrium; Network analysis; Clonality; Population ID ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SEA OTTERS; VIRULENCE; GENOTYPE; BRAZIL; IDENTIFICATION; CALIFORNIA; INFECTION; EXPANSION AB Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread parasite of animals that causes zoonotic infections in humans. Previous studies have revealed a strongly clonal population structure in North America and Europe, while strains from South America are genetically separate and more diverse. However, the composition within North America has been questioned by recent descriptions of genetically more variable strains from this region. Here, we examined an expanded set of isolates using sequenced-based phylogenetic and population analyses to re-evaluate the population structure of T. gondii in North America. Our findings reveal that isolates previously defined by atypical restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns fall into two discrete groups. In one case, these new isolates represent variants of an existing lineage, from which they differ only by minor mutational drift. However, in the second case, it is evident that these isolates define a completely new lineage that is common in North America. Support for this new lineage was based on phylogeny, principle components analysis, STRUCTURE analyses, and statistical analysis of gene flow between groups. This new group, referred to as haplogroup 12, contains divergent genotypes previously referred to as A and X, isolated from sea otters. Consistent with this, group 12 was found primarily in wild animals, as well as occasionally in humans. This new lineage also has a highly clonal population structure. Analysis of the inheritance of multilocus genotypes revealed that different strains within group 12 are the products of a single recombination event between type 2 and a unique parental lineage. Collectively, the archetypal type 2 has been associated with clonal expansion of a small number of lineages in the North. as a consequence of separate but infrequent genetic crosses with several different parental lines. (C) 2011 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Rosenthal, Benjamin M.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Anim & Natl Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Khan, Asis; Sibley, L. David] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Su, Chunlei] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ajioka, James W.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Pathol, Cambridge CB2 1QP, England. RP Sibley, LD (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Anim & Natl Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Benjamin.Rosenthal@ARS.USDA.GOV; sibley@borcim.wustl.edu RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013; OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU National Institutes of Health, USA [AI059176] FX We thank Jack Remington (Stanford University Sch. Med., USA), Marie Laure Darde (University of Limoges, France), and Jack Frenkel (Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA) for T. gondii isolates, Michael Grigg (NIH, Bethesda MD, USA) for helpful discussions, and Julie Nawas for technical assistance. This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Institutes of Health, USA (AI059176). NR 39 TC 122 Z9 130 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 645 EP 655 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.01.005 PG 11 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 774XT UT WOS:000291420800007 PM 21320505 ER PT J AU Dowd, PF Berhow, MA Johnson, ET AF Dowd, Patrick F. Berhow, Mark A. Johnson, Eric T. TI Differential Activity of Multiple Saponins Against Omnivorous Insects with Varying Feeding Preferences SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Helicoverpa; Spodoptera; Soyasaponin; Quillaja; Mate; Plant defense ID TRITERPENOID SAPONINS; FUSARIC ACID; PLANT; QUANTIFICATION; TOXICITY AB A variety of glycosylated and unglycosylated saponins from seven different plant families (Aquifoliaceae, Asparagaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Leguminosae, Rosaceae, Sapindaceae) were tested against the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea, and the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. The corn earworm feeds readily on both monocots and dicots, while the fall armyworm is primarily a grass feeder. Most of the saponins were similarly effective or ineffective against both insect species, with the glycosides being the primary active form (compared to aglycones). However, one aglycone possessed antifeedant properties toward the fall armyworm. Thus, in contrast to many plant secondary metabolites effective against either of these two species where the aglycone is more effective, in the case of the saponins the opposite is generally true. This appears to be a contradictory strategy of plant defenses that requires further consideration. The activity of protodioscin against insects is reported for the first time and may be important in insect defense by the bioenergy crop switchgrass. C1 [Dowd, Patrick F.; Johnson, Eric T.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Berhow, Mark A.] ARS, Renewable Food Prod Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dowd, PF (reprint author), ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Patrick.Dowd@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0002-1665-6229 NR 36 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 37 IS 5 BP 443 EP 449 DI 10.1007/s10886-011-9950-3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 775US UT WOS:000291489500003 PM 21503618 ER PT J AU Niogret, J Montgomery, WS Kendra, PE Heath, RR Epsky, ND AF Niogret, Jerome Montgomery, Wayne S. Kendra, Paul E. Heath, Robert R. Epsky, Nancy D. TI Attraction and Electroantennogram Responses of Male Mediterranean Fruit Fly to Volatile Chemicals from Persea, Litchi and Ficus Wood SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ceratitis capitata; Persea americana; Litchi chinensis; Ficus benjamina; alpha-Copaene; Electroantennography; Bioassays; Diptera; Tephritidae ID ANASTREPHA-SUSPENSA DIPTERA; CERATITIS-CAPITATA DIPTERA; GINGER ROOT OIL; FLIES DIPTERA; ALPHA-COPAENE; MATING SUCCESS; SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANT; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; TEPHRITIDAE; HOST AB Trimedlure is the most effective male-targeted lure for the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). A similar response is elicited by plant substances that contain alpha-copaene, a naturally-occurring sesquiterpene. alpha-Copaene is a complex, highly-volatile, widely-distributed plant compound, and male C. capitata respond to material from both hosts (e.g., Litchi chinensis) and non-hosts (e.g., Ficus benjamina) that contain alpha-copaene. Avocado, Persea americana, recently was found to contain varying amounts of alpha-copaene in the bark and underlying cambial tissue. Short-range attraction bioassays and electroantennography (EAG) were used to quantify responses of sterile male C. capitata to samples of rasped wood from four avocado genotypes, L. chinensis, and F. benjamina. Gas chromatography-mass spectral (GC-MS) analysis was used to identify and quantify the major sesquiterpenes. Attraction and EAG amplitude were correlated, with L. chinensis eliciting the highest and F. benjamina the lowest responses. Responses to the avocado genotypes were intermediate, but varied among the four types. GC-MS identified 13 sesquiterpenes, including alpha-copaene, from all samples. Amounts of alpha-copaene in volatile collections from samples (3 g) ranged from 11.8 mu g in L. chinensis to 0.09 mu g in F. benjamina, which correlated with short-range attraction and EAG response. alpha-Copaene ranged from 8.0 to 0.8 mu g in the avocado genotypes, but attraction and EAG responses were not correlated with the amount of alpha-copaene. Differences in enantiomeric structure of the alpha-copaene in the different genotypes and/or presence of additional sesquiterpenes may be responsible for the variation in male response. EAG responses were correlated with the amount of several other sesquiterpenes including alpha-humulene, and this compound elicited a strong antennal response when tested alone. C1 [Niogret, Jerome; Montgomery, Wayne S.; Kendra, Paul E.; Heath, Robert R.; Epsky, Nancy D.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Epsky, ND (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM Nancy.Epsky@ars.usda.gov NR 67 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 37 IS 5 BP 483 EP 491 DI 10.1007/s10886-011-9953-0 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 775US UT WOS:000291489500007 PM 21526361 ER PT J AU Duehl, AJ Arbogast, RT Teal, PEA AF Duehl, Adrian J. Arbogast, R. T. Teal, Peter E. A. TI Density-Related Volatile Emissions and Responses in the Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aggregation pheromone; Anti-aggregation behavior; Benzoquinone; Coleoptera; Density; 4,8-Dimethyldecanal; Gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Gas chromatography-electroantennal detection (GC-EAD); Red flour beetle; Tenebrionidae; Tribolium castaneum ID AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; CONFUSUM; TENEBRIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; AGE AB Intraspecific attraction depends both on the cues provided by the attracting individual and the response of the attracted individual. These attracting cues are related not only to current conditions, but also are a reflection of individual and population life history. These relationships were examined by placing red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.), adults in flasks at increasing densities and monitoring the changes in volatile chemical emission over time. Only certain chemicals were quantified: methyl benzoquinone, ethyl benzoquinone and 4,8-dimethyldecanal, all of which are known to impact the biology of T. castaneum. The flasks were used as sources for both quantification of the chemicals and for bioassays. Additional bioassays were conducted with synthetic 4,8-dimethyldecanal, a known aggregation pheromone component, to evaluate attraction with respect to population density. Tribolium castaneum density affected both the release of volatile chemicals and the responses of conspecifics to those chemicals. The results indicated that while there were important effects of beetle density on chemical emission and response, none of the chemicals evaluated emerged as promising synergists to the current aggregation pheromone 4,8-dimethyldecanal. The benzoquinones released in response to stress and density acted as anti-aggregation pheromones along with their accepted defensive function. C1 [Duehl, Adrian J.; Arbogast, R. T.; Teal, Peter E. A.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA. RP Duehl, AJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CMAVE, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA. EM adrian.duehl@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 37 IS 5 BP 525 EP 532 DI 10.1007/s10886-011-9942-3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 775US UT WOS:000291489500012 PM 21475986 ER PT J AU Shrestha, SL Bai, XL Smith, DJ Hakk, H Casey, FXM Larsen, GL Padmanabhan, G AF Shrestha, Suman L. Bai, Xuelian Smith, David J. Hakk, Heldur Casey, Francis X. M. Larsen, Gerald L. Padmanabhan, G. TI Synthesis and characterization of radiolabeled 17 beta-estradiol conjugates SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE 17 beta-estradiol; immobilized enzyme; conjugation; glucuronide; sulfate; steroid hormone ID RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES; SOIL-WATER SYSTEMS; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ESTRADIOL; ESTROGENS; TRANSPORT; FATE; ENZYME AB The use of radioactive tracers for environmental fate and transport studies of emerging contaminants, especially for those that are labile, offers convenience in tracking study compounds and their metabolites, and in calculating mass balances. The aim of this study was to synthesize radiolabeled glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of 17 beta-estradiol (17 beta-E2). The conjugates 17 beta-[4-(14)C] estradiol-3-glucuronide ([(14)C]17 beta-E2-3-G) and 17 beta-[4-(14)C] estradiol-17-sulfate ([(14)C]17 beta-E2-17-S) were synthesized utilizing immobilized enzyme and chemical syntheses, respectively. Microsomal proteins from the liver of a phenobarbital induced pig ( Sus scrofa domestica) were harvested and used to glucuronidate [(14)C]17 beta-E2. Synthesis of [(14)C]17 beta-E2-17-S consisted of a three-step chemical process - introducing a blocking group at the C-3 position of [(14)C]17 beta-E2, sulfation at C-17 position, and subsequent deblocking to yield the desired synthetic product. Successful syntheses of [(14)C]17 beta-E2-3-G and [(14)C]17 beta-E2-17-S were achieved as verified by liquid chromatography, radiochemical analyses, quadrupole-time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry, and (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Radiochemical yields of 84 and 44% were achieved for 17 beta-E2-3-G and 17 beta-E2-17-S, respectively. Synthetic products were purified using high-performance liquid chromatography and radiochemical purities of 98% or greater were obtained. C1 [Smith, David J.; Hakk, Heldur; Larsen, Gerald L.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Shrestha, Suman L.; Padmanabhan, G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Bai, Xuelian; Casey, Francis X. M.] NDSU, Dept Soil Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Hakk, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Heldur.Hakk@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010; OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234; Suman, Shrestha/0000-0003-1009-0110 FU National Science Foundation [0730492] FX The authors thank Colleen Pfaff, Dee Anne Ellig, Barb Magelky, Mike Giddings, Grant Harrington, Jason Holthusen (USDA-ARS), and Nathan Derby (Soil Science Department, NDSU) for their support in the laboratory work and Glenn Wittenberg (USDA-ARS) for his IT support. This research was based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0730492. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 54 IS 5 BP 267 EP 271 DI 10.1002/jlcr.1864 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 775GK UT WOS:000291446600008 ER PT J AU Wickham, JD Wade, TG Riitters, KH AF Wickham, James D. Wade, Timothy G. Riitters, Kurt H. TI An environmental assessment of United States drinking water watersheds SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Land-cover change; Land use; Sustainability ID LAND-COVER; QUALITY; RISK; FRAGMENTATION; GROUNDWATER; SERVICES; DATABASE; FORESTS; IMPACT; STREAM AB There is an emerging recognition that natural lands and their conservation are important elements of a sustainable drinking water infrastructure. We conducted a national, watershed-level environmental assessment of 5,265 drinking water watersheds using data on land cover, hydrography and conservation status. Approximately 78% of the conterminous United States lies within a drinking water watershed. The typical drinking water watershed had a high percentage of natural vegetation ((x) over tilde = 77%) but a low percentage of it was set aside for conservation ((x) over tilde = 3%). Median percentage values for urban and agriculture were 5 and 8%, respectively. Between ca. 1992 and ca. 2001, approximately 23% of the drinking water watersheds lost at least 1% of their natural vegetation, and approximately 9% of the watersheds had at least a 1% increase in the amount of urban land. Loss of natural vegetation was common in nearly all areas of the country, but also concentrated in the Ohio River and Southeast hydrologic regions. Urbanization was concentrated in the eastern United States, primarily in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast hydrologic regions. C1 [Wickham, James D.; Wade, Timothy G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Riitters, Kurt H.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Wickham, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wickham.james@epa.gov NR 52 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 26 IS 5 BP 605 EP 616 DI 10.1007/s10980-011-9591-5 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 775TA UT WOS:000291485100001 ER PT J AU Sun, K Ro, K Guo, MX Novak, J Mashayekhi, H Xing, BS AF Sun, Ke Ro, Kyoung Guo, Mingxin Novak, Jeff Mashayekhi, Hamid Xing, Baoshan TI Sorption of bisphenol A, 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol and phenanthrene on thermally and hydrothermally produced biochars SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Hydrothermal; Endocrine disrupting chemicals; Adsorption; Pyrolysis ID BLACK CARBON; ORGANIC-MATTER; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; POULTRY LITTER; SOILS; CHARCOAL; ADSORPTION; BIOMASS; SITES; CARBONIZATION AB Thermal and hydrothermal biochars were characterized, and adsorption of bisphenol A (BPA), 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and phenanthrene (Phen) was determined to investigate the sorption characteristic difference between the two types of biochars. Thermal biochars were composed mostly of aromatic moieties, with low H/C and O/C ratios as compared to hydrothermal ones having diverse functional groups. Single-point organic carbon-normalized distribution coefficients (logK(OC)) of EE2 and BPA of hydrothermal biochars were higher than thermal biochars, while Phen logK(OC) values were comparable among them. Xray diffraction and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance results suggested that hydrothermal biochars consisted of more amorphous aliphatic-C, possibly being responsible for their high sorption capacity of Phen. This study demonstrated that hydrothermal biochars could adsorb a wider spectrum of both polar and nonpolar organic contaminants than thermally produced biochars, suggesting that hydrothermal biochar derived from poultry and animal waste is a potential sorbent for agricultural and environmental applications. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Ke] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Water Simulat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Sun, Ke; Mashayekhi, Hamid; Xing, Baoshan] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Ro, Kyoung; Novak, Jeff] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Guo, Mingxin] Delaware State Univ, Dept Agr & Nat Resources, Dover, DE 19901 USA. RP Xing, BS (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM bx@pssci.umass.edu FU NSF of China [40803029, 50909102]; National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB407302]; USDA-AFRI [2009-35201-05819]; USDA-NIFA Program [MAES00982] FX This research was supported by the NSF of China (40803029; 50909102), National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB407302), USDA-AFRI (2009-35201-05819), and USDA-NIFA Program (MAES00982). NR 35 TC 99 Z9 109 U1 19 U2 158 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 102 IS 10 BP 5757 EP 5763 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.038 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 770ZA UT WOS:000291125800029 PM 21463938 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Jeffries, TW AF Lee, Jae-Won Jeffries, Thomas W. TI Efficiencies of acid catalysts in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass over a range of combined severity factors SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dicarboxylic acid; pKa; Spathaspora stipitis; Oligosaccharides; Pretreatment ID CORN STOVER; CELLULOSE HYDROLYSIS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; SUGAR YIELDS; PRETREATMENT; HEMICELLULOSE; GLUCOSE; ENERGY; WOOD AB Dicarboxylic organic acids have properties that differ from those of sulfuric acid during hydrolysis of lignocellulose. To investigate the effects of different acid catalysts on the hydrolysis and degradation of biomass compounds over a range of thermochemical pretreatments, maleic, oxalic and sulfuric acids were each used at the same combined severity factor (CSF) values during hydrolysis. Xylose and glucose concentrations in hydrolysates were highest with maleic acid. Oxalic acid gave the next highest followed by sulfuric acid. This ranking was particularly true at low CSF values. The concentrations of glucose and xylose increased with oxalic and sulfuric acid pretreatments as the CSF increased, but they never attained the levels observed with maleic acid. Among sulfuric, oxalic and maleic acid treatments, the amount of xylose released as xylooligosaccharide was highest with sulfuric acid. The fraction of xylooligosaccharide was lowest with the maleic acid and the oligosaccharide fraction with oxalic acid fell in between. Furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural levels were also highest with maleic acid. In subsequent fermentations with pretreated biomass, the ethanol concentration was maximal at 19.2 g/l at CSF 1.9 when maleic acid was used as the pretreatment catalyst. This corresponded to an ethanol volumetric production rate of 0.27 g ethanol/l per h. This was the same condition showing the highest xylose production in following pretreatment with various acid catalysts. These findings suggest that maleic and oxalic dicarboxylic acids degrade hemicelluloses more efficiently than does sulfuric acid. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Jae-Won; Jeffries, Thomas W.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Lee, Jae-Won] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Forest Prod & Technol, Program BK21, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Lee, Jae-Won] Chonnam Natl Univ, Bioenergy Res Ctr, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. RP Lee, JW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM ljw43376@chonnam.ac.kr; twjeffri@wisc.edu RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2010-0020141] FX This work was supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Project No. 2010-0020141) to J.-W. Lee. We thank Frederick J. Matt of the Analytical Chemistry and Microscopy Laboratory of the USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) for carrying out the carbohydrate determination. NR 36 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 10 U2 83 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 102 IS 10 BP 5884 EP 5890 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.02.048 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 770ZA UT WOS:000291125800046 PM 21377872 ER PT J AU Gu, HH Qiu, H Tian, T Zhan, SS Deng, THB Chaney, RL Wang, SZ Tang, YT Morel, JL Qiu, RL AF Gu, Hai-Hong Qiu, Hao Tian, Tian Zhan, Shu-Shun Deng, Teng-Hao-Bo Chaney, Rufus L. Wang, Shi-Zhong Tang, Ye-Tao Morel, Jean-Louis Qiu, Rong-Liang TI Mitigation effects of silicon rich amendments on heavy metal accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) planted on multi-metal contaminated acidic soil SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Rice; Heavy metals; Silicon; Fly ash; Steel slag ID HYDRATED CALCIUM SILICATE; STEEL-MAKING SLAG; FLY-ASH; CALCAREOUS SOILS; CUCUMIS-SATIVUS; PADDY SOILS; TOLERANCE; CADMIUM; MECHANISMS; MAIZE AB The mechanisms of stabilization by silicon-rich amendments of cadmium, zinc, copper and lead in a multi-metal contaminated acidic soil and the mitigation of metal accumulation in rice were investigated in this study. The results from a pot experiment indicated that the application of fly ash (20 and 40 g kg(-1)) and steel slag (3 and 6 g kg(-1)) increased soil pH from 4.0 to 5.0-6.4, decreased the phytoavail-ability of heavy metals by at least 60%, and further suppressed metal uptake by rice. Diffusion gradient in thin-film measurement showed the heavy metal diffusion fluxes from soil to solution decreased by greater than 84% after remediation. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the mobile metals were mainly deposited as their silicates, phosphates and hydroxides in amended treatments. Moreover, it was found metal translocation from stem to leaf was dramatically restrained by adding amendments, which might be due to the increase of silicon concentration and co-precipitation with heavy metals in stem. Finally, a field experiment showed the trace element concentrations in polished rice treated with amendments complied with the food safety standards of China. These results demonstrated fly ash and steel slag could be effective in mitigating heavy metal accumulation in rice grown on multi-metal contaminated acidic soils. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gu, Hai-Hong; Qiu, Hao; Tian, Tian; Zhan, Shu-Shun; Deng, Teng-Hao-Bo; Wang, Shi-Zhong; Tang, Ye-Tao; Qiu, Rong-Liang] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wang, Shi-Zhong; Tang, Ye-Tao; Qiu, Rong-Liang] Guangdong Prov Key Lab Environm Pollut Control &, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Morel, Jean-Louis] UMR INPL ENSAIA INRA 1120, Lab Sols & Environm, F-54505 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. RP Qiu, RL (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM eesqrl@mail.sysu.edu.cn RI QIU, Rong-Liang/F-9450-2012; Morel, Jean Louis/I-7560-2012; QIU, Hao/H-6682-2014; OI QIU, Hao/0000-0002-4743-9702; Morel, Jean Louis/0000-0002-5720-1482 FU NSFC-Guangdong Joint Foundation of China [U0833004]; Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation [06202438]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2007AA06Z305, 2007AA061001]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [09lgpy23, 101gzd10] FX The Project was supported by the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Foundation of China (No. U0833004), Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 06202438), National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (Nos. 2007AA06Z305 and 2007AA061001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 09lgpy23, 101gzd10). NR 45 TC 47 Z9 63 U1 9 U2 83 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2011 VL 83 IS 9 BP 1234 EP 1240 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.014 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 771UZ UT WOS:000291187500006 PM 21470654 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Park, MS Baldwin, C Tompkins, D Wagner, B Del Cacho, E Babu, U Min, W AF Lee, Sung Hyen Lillehoj, Hyun S. Park, Myeong Seon Baldwin, Cynthia Tompkins, Dannielle Wagner, Bettina Del Cacho, Emilio Babu, Uma Min, Wongi TI Development and characterization of mouse monoclonal antibodies reactive with chicken CD80 SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Chicken; CD80; Monoclonal antibody; Hybridoma; Biological function ID ACERVULINA-INDUCED CHANGES; T-CELL PROLIFERATION; MHC CLASS-II; DENDRITIC CELLS; B-CELLS; MOLECULE CD80; EXPRESSION; CTLA-4; INTERLEUKIN-2; ACTIVATION AB This study was carried out to develop and characterize mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against chicken CD80 (chCD80). A recombinant plasmid containing a chCD80/horse IgG4 fusion gene was constructed and expressed in CHO cells to produce recombinant cliCD80/IgG4 protein. Chicken CD80 was purified from the chCD80/IgG4 fusion protein following enterokinase digestion, and used to immunize BALB/c mice, resulting in 158 hybridomas that produced mAbs against chCD80. Three mAbs with high binding specificity for recombinant chCD80/IgG4-transfected CHO cells were identified by flow cytometry, and one of these (#112) was selected for further characterization. Immunoprecipitation of CD80/IgG4-CI-10 cell extract, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated monocytes identified 35.0 kDa proteins. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed chCD80-expressing cells exclusively in the bursal follicles at the outer portion of the cortex, and throughout the red pulp and the outer boundary of the white pulp in the spleen. By immunofluorescence microscopy, chCD80 was observed on intestinal dendritic cells. LPS treatment of bursa or spleen monocytes for 24 or 48 h increased chCD80 expression. Finally, addition of chCD80 mAb to Con A-stimulated spleen cells inhibited the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens and IL-2-driven proliferation of lymphoblast cells. In summary, these chCD80 mAbs will serve as valuable immunological reagents for basic and applied poultry immunology research. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lillehoj, Hyun S.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Baldwin, Cynthia; Tompkins, Dannielle] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Wagner, Bettina] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Del Cacho, Emilio] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Anim Pathol, Fac Vet Sci, Zaragoza 500015, Spain. [Babu, Uma] US FDA, Immunobiol Branch, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju 660701, Gyeongsangnamdo, South Korea. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Life Sci Res Inst, Jinju 660701, Gyeongsangnamdo, South Korea. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, BARC E, Bldg 1043, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366 FU USDA [2005-01812]; U.S. Veterinary Immune Reagent Network; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R33-10013] FX This project is funded by USDA-CSREES proposal 2005-01812, the U.S. Veterinary Immune Reagent Network (http://www.umass.edu/vetimm), and partially by the WCU Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R33-10013). The authors thank Dr. Erik P. Lillehoj for editorial assistance and Dr. Seung I. Jang, Dr. Duk Kyung Kim, Dr. Kyung Woo Lee, Ms. Marjorie Nichols, Ms. Stacy Torreyson, and Ms. Caroline Chen for their contributions to this research. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 34 IS 3 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2011.01.003 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 771VD UT WOS:000291187900009 PM 21334748 ER PT J AU Harrison, HF Kousik, CS Levi, A AF Harrison, Howard F., Jr. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Levi, Amnon TI Identification of Citrullus lanatus Germplasm Accessions Tolerant to Clomazone Herbicide SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE watermelon; citronmelon; pickling melon; Citrullus lanatus var. citroides and var. lanatus; clomazone ID SATIVA CULTIVAR TOLERANCE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; WEED-CONTROL; LINKAGE MAP; WATERMELON; COLOCYNTHIS AB Clomazone herbicide is registered for use in watermelon; however, crop tolerance is marginal, and the recommended use rates (0.17 to 0.28 kg a.i./ha) are lower for watermelon than for other crops. In a greenhouse germplasm evaluation experiment including 56 germplasm accessions and watermelon cultivars, three Citrullus lanatus var. citroides PI accessions (PI 482324, PI 5003540, and PI 532624) were not injured by clomazone, whereas most of the other accessions and cultivars were moderately or severely injured. A greenhouse concentration response experiment demonstrated that the clomazone concentration required to cause moderate injury to the tolerant 'PI 500354' was approximately three times the concentration required to cause similar injury to the susceptible citroides accession 'PI 244017', and the concentration required to cause 50% shoot biomass reduction was approximately five times greater for 'PI 500354' than for 'Charleston Gray' watermelon. Subsequent field experiments demonstrated that two tolerant accessions ('PI 500354' and 'PI 482324') were injured less initially by clomazone and recovered more rapidly from clomazone injury than two susceptible accessions ('PI 244017' and 'PI 271773') and two watermelon cultivars ('Charleston Gray' and 'Crimson Sweet'). Tolerant germplasm accessions like 'PI 482324' and 'PI 500354' may be useful as sources of clomazone tolerance in watermelon breeding. Chemical name used: clomazone {2-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone}. C1 [Harrison, Howard F., Jr.; Kousik, Chandrasekar S.; Levi, Amnon] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Harrison, HF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM howard.harrison@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAY PY 2011 VL 46 IS 5 BP 684 EP 687 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 771EH UT WOS:000291139500001 ER PT J AU Qu, LP Widrlechner, MP AF Qu, Luping Widrlechner, Mark P. TI Variation in the Breeding System of Prunella vulgaris L. SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE floral morphology; in-bud pollen release; selfed-seed set; bud autogamy ID GENETIC-VARIATION; LYCOPERSICON-PIMPINELLIFOLIUM; MATING SYSTEMS; IN-VIVO; EXTRACT; REPLICATION; POPULATIONS; LAMIACEAE; EVOLUTION AB Prunella vulgaris (Lamiaceae), commonly known as selfheal, is a perennial herb with a long history of use in traditional medicine. Recent studies have found that P. vulgaris possesses anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antibacterial properties, and it is likely that this will lead to increased commercial demand for this species. To date, research publications on P. vulgaris cultivation and genetics are scarce. Using accessions originally collected from different geographical regions, we investigated the breeding system of this species by observing variation in floral morphology, time of pollen release, and selfed-seed set in bagged flowers and isolated plants. Two types of floral morphology, one with exerted styles, extending past open corollas when viewed from above, and the other with shorter, inserted styles, were found among 30 accessions. Two accessions originally collected from Asia uniformly displayed exerted styles, and 27 accessions had inserted styles. One accession from Oregon displayed variation in this trait among individual plants. Microscopic observation of seven accessions, including ones with both exerted and inserted styles, revealed that they all release pollen to some degree before the flowers open. Using bagged flowers, we found that selfed-seed set varied widely among eight accessions, ranging from 6% to 94%. However, bagging may underestimate seed set for some accessions. The two accessions with the lowest rates when using bagged flowers increased in seed set by 350% and 158%, respectively, when we evaluated single, unbagged plants in isolation cages. The accession with 6% selfed-seed set when bagged also had exerted styles. These findings suggest that mating systems in P. vulgaris may be in the process of evolutionary change and that understanding breeding-system variation should be useful in developing efficient seed-regeneration protocols and breeding and selection strategies for this species. C1 [Qu, Luping; Widrlechner, Mark P.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, N Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Widrlechner, MP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, N Cent Reg Plant Intro Stn, G212 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mark.widrlechner@ars.usda.gov FU Hatch Act and State of Iowa funds; National Center for Complementary &. Alternative Medicine [P50AT004155] FX This journal paper of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, Project No. 1018, was supported by Hatch Act and State of Iowa funds, and the research described herein was supported by Award Number P50AT004155 from the National Center for Complementary &. Alternative Medicine. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAY PY 2011 VL 46 IS 5 BP 688 EP 692 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 771EH UT WOS:000291139500002 PM 21776085 ER PT J AU Kornecki, TS Arriaga, FJ AF Kornecki, Ted S. Arriaga, Francisco J. TI Impact of Different Cover Crops and Types of Transplanter Mounted Subsoiler Shanks on Tomato Yield SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE no-till tomato; cover crops; roller/crimper; vegetable transplanter; subsoiler shank ID TILLAGE AB A 4-year experiment with different tillage practices for tomatoes was conducted in Cullman, AL, to determine the impact of plastic mulch (control), rye and crimson clover cover crops, and different subsoiler shanks (no shank, slim 13 mm thick and wide 20 mm thick) on tomato yield. Overall, during 2007 and 2008 growing seasons, total tomato yields (between 58,905 and 60,115 kg.ha(-1)) and marketable tomato yields (between 48,331 and 49,873 kg.ha(-1)) were significantly higher than in 2005 and 2006 (between 49,656 and 50,151 kg.ha(-1) and from 40,581 to 41,194 kg.ha(-1)) for total and marketable tomato yields, respectively. During the 2006 and 2008 growing seasons, plastic cover provided higher yield (60,921 and 73,718 kg.ha(-1)) compared with rye and crimson clover overall shank treatments. In 2007, higher yield was produced following rye without shank (70,577 kg.ha(-1)) compared with plastic mulch and crimson clover treatments. Across years, tomato yield after crimson clover was lower compared with rye and plastic. Percent of marketable fruit yield to total yield exceeded 80% in all treatments, including the plastic control. Cover crops and shank treatments did not affect percentage of marketable tomato yield compared with total tomato yield. Cover crops, especially rye, can provide an alternative in tomato production for those producers not wanting to use plastic mulches. C1 [Kornecki, Ted S.; Arriaga, Francisco J.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Kornecki, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM ted.kornecki@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAY PY 2011 VL 46 IS 5 BP 715 EP 720 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 771EH UT WOS:000291139500007 ER PT J AU Keith, L Matsumoto, T Nishijima, K Wall, M Nagao, M AF Keith, Lisa Matsumoto, Tracie Nishijima, Kate Wall, Marisa Nagao, Mike TI Field Survey and Fungicide Screening of Fungal Pathogens of Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) Fruit Rot in Hawaii SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Lasmenia; Pestalotiopsis; Phomopsis; Colletotrichum; Abound (R); Trilogy (R) AB Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum Linn.) is a tropical fruit in Hawaii that has increased in value in the niche market of exotic fruits. The primary limitation to preharvest and postharvest quality is the occurrence of fungal diseases of the fruit. A survey of rambutan disease was conducted at orchards 9.7 km south and 29.0 km north of Hilo, HI, to determine the main fungal pathogens affecting preharvest fruit quality. Pericarp of rambutan fruit revealed brown to black lesions that progressed to blackening and drying of the fruit with some fruits becoming totally mummified. Four fungi consistently isolated from symptomatic fruit included Lasmenia, Pestalotiopsis, Phomopsis, and Colletotrichum spp. Over the 2-year sampling period, disease incidence from more than 300 fruits sampled was 84.6%. Nine rambutan cultivars were evaluated for disease incidence under field conditions. Disease incidence was greater than 90% for 'Sitangku' and 'R167' but less than 60% for 'Chompoo'. Twelve fungal isolates from infected fruit were selected for further characterization (six Lasmenia isolates and two isolates each of Pestalotiopsis, Phomopsis, and Colletotrichum). Morphology, colony characteristics, and pathogenicity of the isolates were examined. The optimum growth temperature for all fungal isolates ranged between 22 and 28 degrees C. Molecular methods were used to confirm the identity of the fungi. The fungal isolates were evaluated for in vitro baseline sensitivities for mycelial growth for fungicides registered for use in Hawaii (Abound (R) and Trilogy (R)). Abound was more effective at inhibiting fungal growth than was Trilogy (R); however, efficacy appeared to be influenced by fungal genera. Inhibition of fungal growth by Abound (R) ranged from a 76% reduction for Lasmenia to a 23% reduction for Phomopsis isolates. C1 [Keith, Lisa; Matsumoto, Tracie] USDA ARS, Trop Plant Genet Resource & Dis Res Unit, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Nishijima, Kate; Wall, Marisa] USDA ARS, Trop Crop & Commod Protect Res Unit, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Nagao, Mike] Univ Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Keith, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Plant Genet Resource & Dis Res Unit, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM Lisa.Keith@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAY PY 2011 VL 46 IS 5 BP 730 EP 735 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 771EH UT WOS:000291139500010 ER PT J AU Fery, RL Thies, JA AF Fery, Richard L. Thies, Judy A. TI 'Truhart-NR', A Root-knot Nematode-resistant, Pimento-type Pepper SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Capsicum annuum; Meloidogyne spp.; vegetable breeding ID INHERITANCE C1 [Fery, Richard L.; Thies, Judy A.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Fery, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Richard.Fery@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD MAY PY 2011 VL 46 IS 5 BP 815 EP 816 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 771EH UT WOS:000291139500021 ER PT J AU Byrdwell, WC Exler, J Gebhardt, SE Harnly, JM Holden, JM Horst, RL Patterson, KY Phillips, KM Wolf, WR AF Byrdwell, William C. Exler, Jake Gebhardt, Susan E. Harnly, James M. Holden, Joanne M. Horst, Ronald L. Patterson, Kristine Y. Phillips, Katherine M. Wolf, Wayne R. TI Liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and dual parallel mass spectrometric detection for analysis of vitamin D in retail fortified orange juice SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Vitamin D; Cholecalciferol; Calciol; Ergocalciferol; Ercalciol; APCI-MS; HPLC; Mass spectrometry; Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization; LC-MS; Liquid chromatography; Food analysis; Food composition ID NUTRIENT ANALYSIS PROGRAM; CANCER PREVENTION; EDIBLE MUSHROOMS; UV-IRRADIATION; NATIONAL FOOD; DISEASE; UPDATE; HEALTH; MILK; D-2 AB Samples of vitamin D fortified orange juice obtained from retail food stores were analyzed for vitamin D(3) content using a method developed by combining the best features of two AOAC methods. Detection by ultraviolet absorption at 265 nm was compared to detection by selected ion monitoring (SIM) using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry (MS). Furthermore, an ion trap (IT) mass spectrometer was employed in a 'dual parallel MS' arrangement to simultaneously obtain qualitative APCI-ITMS data. The method was applied to 33 samples of 3 national American orange juice brands and 7 samples of 5 other American brands collected using a statistically designed sampling plan as part of the National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program to provide values for the USDA National Nutrient Databank for Standard Reference. Vitamin D(3) values ranged from 1.071 mu g/100 g (43 IU/100 g) to 1.663 mu g/100 g (67 IU/100 g), with an average across 55 samples analyzed, including duplicates, of 1.4 +/- 0.1 mu g/100 g (57 +/- 5 IU/100 g). The average of the 38 non-zero uniquely identified samples, using the averages of duplicate sets, was 1.4 +/- 0.1 mu g/100 g (57 +/- 5 IU/100 g), indicating that a typical 8 oz. (similar to 240 mL = 240 cm(3)) glass of orange juice provided 3.4 +/- 0.3 mu g (140 +/- 10 IU) vitamin D(3). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Byrdwell, William C.] ARS, USDA, BHNRC,Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, FCMDL,Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Exler, Jake; Gebhardt, Susan E.; Holden, Joanne M.; Patterson, Kristine Y.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutrient Data Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Horst, Ronald L.] Heartland Assays Inc, Ames, IA USA. [Phillips, Katherine M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biochem, Food Anal Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Byrdwell, WC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, BHNRC,Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, FCMDL,Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 161, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM C.Byrdwell@ARS.USDA.gov OI Byrdwell, William/0000-0001-8241-428X; Phillips, Katherine/0000-0002-4586-8538 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service; USDA Agricultural Research Service [Y1-CN-5010-06, 59-1235-7-146] FX This work was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, Interagency Agreement #Y1-CN-5010-06 between the National Institutes of Health and the USDA, and Cooperative Agreement #59-1235-7-146 between USDA Nutrient Data Laboratory and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The detailed work of Amy Rasor and Nancy Conley in composite preparation and of Karen Amanna in data compilation quality control/assurance is appreciatively acknowledged. Mention or use of specific products or brands does not represent or imply endorsement by the USDA. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 24 IS 3 BP 299 EP 306 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.09.020 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 771FR UT WOS:000291143100001 ER PT J AU Wu, TH Stine, JJ Bechtel, PJ AF Wu, Ted H. Stine, Jesse J. Bechtel, Peter J. TI Preliminary chemical and nutritional characterization of liver from longnose skates (Raja rhina) SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Raja rhina; Skate; Fish; Amino acids; Byproducts; Biogenic amines; Minerals; Lipid; Food analysis; Food composition ID DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; VITAMIN-E; OIL; ANTIOXIDANTS; TOCOPHEROLS; SEPARATION; TISSUES; FISH AB Skates (Raja rhina) have recently become a small commercial fishery in Alaska and along the western United States coast. Most of the skate byproduct is discarded or made into meal; therefore, there is opportunity to enhance the utilization for skate byproducts. The objective of this research project was to chemically characterize longnose skate livers. Livers from five long nose skates, caught off the coast of Kodiak, Alaska, were obtained immediately after the fins (called "wings") had been removed by a commercial processor. Each liver was subjected to the following analysis: proximate composition, minerals, amino acids, alpha-tocopherol, protein gel electrophoresis, fatty acid profiles, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and biogenic amines (BA). Livers were composed of lipid (49.6%), moisture (41.0%), protein (10.9%) and ash (0.8%). High levels of alpha-tocopherol were found in the livers (142 mu g/g oil). Fatty acid profile indicated that the lipids extracted from livers contained high concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (16.0%) and docosahexaenoic acid (17.7%). Average TBARS values were low at 1.5 mu g malondialdehyde/g oil, indicating low levels of lipid oxidation. The lysine content as percent of total amino acids on a weight basis was 6.1% and methionine content was 2.8%. Analysis of BA found putrescine (31 mg/kg liver) and spermine (85 mg/kg liver) present. Preliminary results suggest long nose skate livers as an abundant source of n-3 fatty acids and amino acids. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wu, Ted H.; Stine, Jesse J.; Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA, ARS, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Wu, TH (reprint author), POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ted.wu@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 24 IS 3 BP 356 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.09.014 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 771FR UT WOS:000291143100008 ER PT J AU Stewart, H Hyman, J Frazao, E Buzby, JC Carlson, A AF Stewart, Hayden Hyman, Jeffrey Frazao, Elizabeth Buzby, Jean C. Carlson, Andrea TI Can Low-income Americans Afford to Satisfy MyPyramid Fruit and Vegetable Guidelines? SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE fruit; vegetable; prices; MyPyramid; Thrifty Food Plan; nutrition education ID DIET COSTS; FOOD; PERCEPTIONS; NUTRITION; EAT AB Objective: To estimate the costs of satisfying MyPyramid fruit and vegetable guidelines, with a focus on whether low-income households can bear these costs. Design: Descriptive analysis of the 2008 National Consumer Panel with information on the food purchases of 64,440 households across the contiguous United States was used to analyze the cost of fruits and vegetables. Costs per MyPyramid cup-equivalents were calculated by accounting for cooking yields and the portion of a food item's retail weight that is inedible. Variables Measured: Costs per cup-equivalent for less expensive fruits and vegetables by MyPyramid subgroup including whole and cut fruit, fruit juice, dark green vegetables, orange vegetables, starchy vegetables, other vegetables, and legumes. Results: In 2008, a variety of fruits and vegetables was available for an average cost of $0.40 to $0.50 per cup-equivalent. MyPyramid fruit and vegetable recommendations could be satisfied at this cost level. Conclusions and Implications: Low-income Americans facing national average food prices can satisfy MyPyramid fruit and vegetable guidelines with a budget equal to the Thrifty Food Plan allocation to fruits and vegetables. However, many low-income households spend too much money on food that is low in fruit and vegetable content. Some money should be reallocated to fruits and vegetables. C1 [Stewart, Hayden; Hyman, Jeffrey; Frazao, Elizabeth; Buzby, Jean C.; Carlson, Andrea] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Stewart, H (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1800 M St NW,Room N-2118, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM hstewart@ers.usda.gov NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1499-4046 J9 J NUTR EDUC BEHAV JI J. Nutr. Educ. Behav. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 43 IS 3 BP 173 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.jneb.2010.08.011 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 772BB UT WOS:000291203300010 PM 21550533 ER PT J AU Harris-Shultz, KR Schwartz, BM Brady, JA AF Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Schwartz, Brian M. Brady, Jeff A. TI Identification of Simple Sequence Repeat Markers that Differentiate Bermudagrass Cultivars Derived from 'Tifgreen' SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICROSATELLITES; REGISTRATION AB The release of the bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) triploid hybrid 'Tifgreen' revolutionized southeastern U.S. golf course greens. Off-types within this cultivar began to be identified soon after the initial plantings, and through the last 50 years, many of the best performing off-types have been released as new cultivars. Examination of some of the most popular somatic mutants with a new set of 47 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 23 previously discovered genomic SSR markers identified five polymorphic fragments (as compared with 'Tifgreen') among three cultivars, TifEagle, MiniVerde, and Tifdwarf. Each polymorphism appears to be a slight increase/decrease in microsatellite repeat number and the polymorphic fragments are unique for each cultivar. Two polymorphic fragments were identified that were unique to 'Tifdwarf', one polymorphic fragment was unique to 'TifEagle', and two polymorphic fragments were unique to 'MiniVerde'. Furthermore, three of the five polymorphic markers display an additional allele only in the shoot tissue but not in the root tissue of 'TifEagle' and 'Tifdwarf'. This finding suggests that 'TifEagle' and 'Tifdwarf' are somatic chimeras. This set of SSR markers identifies repeatable polymorphic fragments among multiple 'Tifgreen'-derived cultivars and gives insight into the nature of the mutations that exist within 'Tifgreen'. C1 [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Schwartz, Brian M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Brady, Jeff A.] Texas AgriLife Res, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. RP Harris-Shultz, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Karen.Harris@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 136 IS 3 BP 211 EP 218 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 771XA UT WOS:000291192800007 ER PT J AU Zhou, SP Sauve, RJ Liu, Z Reddy, S Bhatti, S Hucko, SD Yong, Y Fish, T Thannhauser, TW AF Zhou, Suping Sauve, Roger J. Liu, Zong Reddy, Sasikiran Bhatti, Sarabjit Hucko, Simon D. Yong, Yang Fish, Tara Thannhauser, Theodore W. TI Heat-induced Proteome Changes in Tomato Leaves SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NADP-MALIC ENZYME; RUBISCO ACTIVASE; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY; STRESS RESPONSE; TOLERANCE; PLANTS; ARABIDOPSIS; METHIONINE AB Three tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars [Walter LA3465 (heat-tolerant), Edkawi LA 2711 (unknown heat tolerance, salt-tolerant), and LA1310 (cherry tomato)] were compared for changes in leaf proteomes after heat treatment. Seedlings with four fully expanded leaves were subjected to heat treatment of 39/25 degrees C at a 16:8 h light dark cycle for 7 days. Leaves were collected at 1200 FIR, 4 h after the light cycle started. For 'Walter' LA3465, heat-suppressed proteins were geranylgeranyl reductase, ferredoxin-NADP (+) reductase, Rubisco activase, transketolase, phosphoglycerate kinase precursor, fructose bisphosphate aldolase, glyoxisomal malate dehydrogenase, catalase, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, and methionine synthase. Two enzymes were induced, cytosolic NADP-malic enzyme and superoxide dismutase. For 'Edkawi' LA2711, nine enzymes were suppressed: ferredoxin-NADP (+) reductase, Rubisco activase, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, methioine synthase, glyoxisomal malate dehydrogenase, enolase, flavonol synthase, M1 family peptidase, and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase. Heat-induced proteins were cyclophilin, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, transketolase, phosphoglycolate phosphatase, ATPase, photosystem 11 oxygen-evolving complex 23, and NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase. For cherry tomato LA 1310, heat-suppressed proteins were aminotransferase, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, L-ascorbate peroxidase, lactoylglutathione lyase, and Rubisco activase. Heat-induced enzymes were glyoxisomal malate dehydrogenase, phosphoribulokinasee, and ATP synthase. This research resulted in the identification of proteins that were induced/repressed in all tomato cultivars evaluated (e.g., Rubisco activase, methionine synthase, adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, and others) and those differentially expressed (e.g., transketolase). C1 [Zhou, Suping; Sauve, Roger J.; Liu, Zong; Reddy, Sasikiran; Bhatti, Sarabjit] Tennessee State Univ, Sch Agr & Consumer Sci, Dept Agr Sci, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Hucko, Simon D.; Yong, Yang; Fish, Tara; Thannhauser, Theodore W.] USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Nutr Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Zhou, SP (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Sch Agr & Consumer Sci, Dept Agr Sci, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. EM zsuping@tnstate.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food, and Agriculture [2010-65114-20405]; 1890 Capacity Building Program; Evans-Allen Research Funds FX This project is supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2010-65114-20405 from the USDA National Institute of Food, and Agriculture, 1890 Capacity Building Program, and Evans-Allen Research Funds. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 136 IS 3 BP 219 EP 226 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 771XA UT WOS:000291192800008 ER PT J AU Shah, DH Zhou, XH Addwebi, T Davis, MA Orfe, L Call, DR Guard, J Besser, TE AF Shah, Devendra H. Zhou, Xiaohui Addwebi, Tarek Davis, Margaret A. Orfe, Lisa Call, Douglas R. Guard, Jean Besser, Thomas E. TI Cell invasion of poultry-associated Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates is associated with pathogenicity, motility and proteins secreted by the type III secretion system SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE O-CHAIN; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; TANDEM REPEAT ANALYSIS; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DIFFERENTIATED CACO-2 CELLS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; MULTIPLEX PCR ASSAY; PHAGE TYPES 4; SEROTYPE ENTERITIDIS; IN-VITRO AB Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Poultry and poultry products are considered the major vehicles of transmission to humans. Using cell invasiveness as a surrogate marker for pathogenicity, we tested the invasiveness of 53 poultry-associated isolates of S. Enteritidis in a well-differentiated intestinal epithelial cell model (Caco-2). The method allowed classification of the isolates into low (n=7), medium (n=18) and high (n=30) invasiveness categories. Cell invasiveness of the isolates did not correlate with the presence of the virulence-associated gene spvB or the ability of the isolates to form biofilms. Testing of representative isolates with high and low invasiveness in a mouse model revealed that the former were more invasive in vivo and caused more and earlier mortalities, whereas the latter were significantly less invasive in vivo, causing few or no mortalities. Further characterization of representative isolates with low and high invasiveness showed that most of the isolates with low invasiveness had impaired motility and impaired secretion of either flagella-associated proteins (FlgK, FljB and FlgL) or type III secretion system (TTSS)-secreted proteins (SipA and SipD) encoded on Salmonella pathogenicity island-1. In addition, isolates with low invasiveness had impaired ability to invade and/or survive within chicken macrophages. These data suggest that not all isolates of S. Enteritidis recovered from poultry may be equally pathogenic, and that the pathogenicity of S. Enteritidis isolates is associated, in part, with both motility and secretion of TTSS effector proteins. C1 [Shah, Devendra H.; Zhou, Xiaohui; Addwebi, Tarek; Davis, Margaret A.; Orfe, Lisa; Call, Douglas R.; Besser, Thomas E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Zhou, Xiaohui] Washington State Univ, WSU Zoonoses Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Guard, Jean] ARS, Egg Qual & Safety Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Shah, DH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dshah@vetmed.wsu.edu OI Shah, Devendra/0000-0001-6365-7868 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; Department of Health and Human Services [N01-A1-30055] FX Carol Casavant provided technical assistance. This project was funded with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health and Department of Health and Human Services, under contract numbers N01-A1-30055. We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Salina Al-Adwani and Swathi Kotla at various stages of this work. NR 113 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD MAY PY 2011 VL 157 BP 1428 EP 1445 DI 10.1099/mic.0.044461-0 PN 5 PG 18 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 771SB UT WOS:000291179900018 PM 21292746 ER PT J AU Wang, ZW Jiao, SY Han, GD Zhao, ML Willms, WD Hao, XY Wang, JA Din, HJ Havstad, KM AF Wang, Zhongwu Jiao, Shuying Han, Guodong Zhao, Mengli Willms, Walter D. Hao, Xiying Wang, Jian'an Din, Haijun Havstad, Kris M. TI Impact of Stocking Rate and Rainfall on Sheep Performance in a Desert Steppe SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE live weight gain; grazing management; Inner Mongolia; optimal stocking rate; Stipa breviflora Griseb ID SEASONAL RAINFALL; SEMIARID SAVANNA; VEGETATION; RANGELAND; PRECIPITATION; PRODUCTIVITY; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; MONGOLIA; SYSTEMS AB Livestock performance is a critical indicator of grassland production systems and is influenced strongly by precipitation and stocking rates. However, these relationships require further investigation in the arid Desert Steppe region of northeastern China. We employed a randomized complete block design with three replications and four grazing treatments (nongrazed exclosure [Control]), lightly grazed [LG], moderately grazed [MG], and heavily grazed [HG]) by sheep in a continuously grazed system (June to November), to test the effect of stocking rate on sheep performance. The planned stocking rates were 0, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 sheep . ha(-1) . mo(-1), for the control, LG, MG, and HG treatments, respectively. However, actual stocking rates were calculated for each paddock in each year based on a 50-kg sheep equivalent (SE). Annual net primary production (ANPP) was determined at peak standing crop in August 2004 to 2008. Live weight gain was determined for the summer and fall periods, as well as the total grazing period, in each year. ANPP decreased with increasing stocking rate, and daily live weight gain per head decreased linearly with increasing stocking rates over the total grazing period but in a quadratic manner over the summer period with a plateau at the lower rates. Maximum sheep production per unit area over the total grazing season occurred at about 2 SE ha(-1) for about a 5-mo grazing period, but individual gains per sheep were predicted to decline after about 1 SE ha(-1) presumably because of forage limitations. However, in order to achieve stable annual production, we recommend that the Desert Steppe be grazed at about 0.77 SE ha(-1) for a 5-mo period (0.15 SE ha(-1) . mo(-1)). This estimate is based on published grazing strategies that consider an average ANPP with a recommended utilization rate of 30%. C1 [Wang, Zhongwu; Han, Guodong; Zhao, Mengli; Wang, Jian'an; Din, Haijun] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Ecol & Environm Sci, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. [Jiao, Shuying] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Willms, Walter D.; Hao, Xiying] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. [Havstad, Kris M.] New Mexico State Univ, ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Han, GD (reprint author), Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Coll Ecol & Environm Sci, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China. EM grasslandkeylab@gmail.com RI han, guodong/A-2303-2013; OI Hao, Xiying/0000-0001-6410-9652 FU National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB106800]; National Science & Technology Supporting Program [2008BAD95B03]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30860060, 31070413]; National Public Benefit (Agricultural) Research Foundation of China [200903060, 201003019]; Inner Mongolia Science and Technological Committee, China; China Scholarship Council; Ministry of Education, P. R. China; laboratory of Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada FX Research was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB106800), National Science & Technology Supporting Program during the 11th Five-Year Plan (2008BAD95B03), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30860060, 31070413), National Public Benefit (Agricultural) Research Foundation of China (200903060, 201003019), and Inner Mongolia Science and Technological Committee, China. We gratefully acknowledge support from the China Scholarship Council, Ministry of Education, P. R. China, and the laboratory of Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 23 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 64 IS 3 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.2111/REM-D-09-00033.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 770XM UT WOS:000291121800003 ER PT J AU Cagney, J Cox, SE Booth, DT AF Cagney, J. Cox, S. E. Booth, D. T. TI Comparison of Point Intercept and Image Analysis for Monitoring Rangeland Transects SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cover measurement; land management; SamplePoint; Type-II error risk; vegetation sampling ID GROUND-COVER; SAMPLING TECHNIQUES; DIGITAL IMAGERY; VEGETATION; GRASSLANDS; RESTORATION; PHOTOGRAPHY; PRECISION AB There is global recognition that sustainable land use requires monitoring that will detect change on a scale that protects the resource. That fundamental necessity is threatened where labor-intensive methods and high labor costs cause sampling deficiencies and increased Type-II error rates (false negatives). Ground-based imaging is a monitoring method that reduces monitoring labor costs. Nadir (vertical) images acquired with common digital cameras can be manually analyzed for cover using free software. We used an innovative field protocol to acquire standardized, freehand, nadir images (samples) of rangeland, then compared point intercept (PI) and image-analysis techniques. Between methods, precision (repeatability) across users was equivalent; cover measurements were often different, and the image-analysis technique took only a third as long to complete. Image analysis has several advantages over PI besides the reduced labor cost: Images are permanent resource records available for reanalysis if data are questioned, if software improves, or if management objectives change; and image analysis is less biased by moving vegetation, moving pointing devices, and bright vegetation color. C1 [Cagney, J.] BLM, USDI, Grand Junction, CO 81506 USA. [Cox, S. E.] ARS, USDA, Otis Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, Mcminnville, TN 38581 USA. [Cox, S. E.; Booth, D. T.] ARS, USDA, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Cagney, J.] BLM, USDI, Lander Field Off, Lander, WY 82520 USA. RP Cagney, J (reprint author), BLM, USDI, Grand Junction, CO 81506 USA. EM jcagney@blm.gov FU US Dept of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management; US Dept of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX Research was funded by the US Dept of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, and US Dept of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 27 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 64 IS 3 BP 309 EP 315 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00090.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 770XM UT WOS:000291121800010 ER PT J AU Reidy, MM Campbell, TA Hewitt, DG AF Reidy, Matthew M. Campbell, Tyler A. Hewitt, David G. TI A Mark-Recapture Technique for Monitoring Feral Swine Populations SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE density; pig; Sus scrofa; tetracycline hydrochloride; wild hog; wildlife damage management ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; SOUTHERN TEXAS; TETRACYCLINE; MANAGEMENT; BIOMARKER; BEARS AB Techniques to monitor populations of feral swine (Sus scrofa) relative to damage control activities are needed on rangelands. Our objectives were to describe and assess a mark recapture technique using tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) for monitoring feral swine populations. We established bait stations at study sites in southern and central Texas. During 1 d, we replaced normal soured corn bait with bait containing TH and counted the number of feral swine that consumed bait with observers. We conducted feral swine removal using box-style traps and helicopters, at which time we collected teeth for TH analysis. In southern Texas, we estimated population reduction to be 43%. In central Texas, we estimated population reduction of 31%. Our mark recapture population monitoring technique would complement programs to manage feral swine populations and damage through lethal control. C1 [Campbell, Tyler A.] Texas A&M Univ, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Texas Field Stn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Reidy, Matthew M.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Pleasanton, TX 78064 USA. [Reidy, Matthew M.; Hewitt, David G.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. RP Campbell, TA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Texas Field Stn, 700 Univ Blvd,MSC 218, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. EM tyler.a.campbell@aphis.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center FX Research was funded by the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 48 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 64 IS 3 BP 316 EP 318 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00158.1 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 770XM UT WOS:000291121800011 ER PT J AU Simko, I Piepho, HP AF Simko, Ivan Piepho, Hans-Peter TI Combining phenotypic data from ordinal rating scales in multiple plant experiments SO TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID RANKING; TRIALS; MODEL C1 [Piepho, Hans-Peter] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Kulturpflanzenwissensch, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. [Simko, Ivan] ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Simko, I (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Improvement & Protect Res Unit, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Ivan.Simko@ars.usda.gov RI Simko, Ivan/J-6048-2012; OI Simko, Ivan/0000-0002-8769-8477; Piepho, Hans-Peter/0000-0001-7813-2992 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1360-1385 J9 TRENDS PLANT SCI JI Trends Plant Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 16 IS 5 BP 235 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.tplants.2011.02.001 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 771WI UT WOS:000291191000001 PM 21367649 ER PT J AU Baker, LR White, PM Pierzynski, GM AF Baker, Luke R. White, Paul M. Pierzynski, Gary M. TI Changes in microbial properties after manure, lime, and bentonite application to a heavy metal-contaminated mine waste SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acid mine wastes; Microbial activity; Phospholipids; Phytostabilization ID SOIL ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; BIOMASS; COMMUNITIES; REMEDIATION; QUALITY; LEAD; RESTORATION; FUMIGATION; INCUBATION; GLYPHOSATE AB Organic materials improve soil properties conducive to plant growth and may be necessary to stabilize lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) mine wastes. Composted beef manure was applied to mine wastes at two sites at 45 and 269 Mg ha(-1) with and without lime and bentonite. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) was established as a vegetative cover. Compost significantly increased waste nutrient content, pH, and available water, and decreased heavy metal availability. The largest total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) increase was in the high compost treatment, with values of 80.3 and 30.2 (site A) and 84.9 and 23.1 (site B) mu mol kg(-1) soil for treated and control, respectively. However, high rates of compost (269 Mg ha(-1)) were generally required to increase bacterial and fungal communities beyond the control. The high compost-treated waste exhibited increased arylsulfatase, phosphatase, and beta-glucosidase enzyme activities. Observed increases in pH may have resulted in lowered enzyme activity in the low compost treatment. Results suggest that an organic matter addition above 45 and up to 269 Mg ha may be needed to support and sustain microbial activity and biomass in mine waste materials, at least over the two year period evaluated. Published by Elsevier B.V.. C1 [Baker, Luke R.; White, Paul M.; Pierzynski, Gary M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 2004, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP White, PM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM lbaker@blinc.com; Paul.White@ars.usda.gov FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture [2001-38700-11092] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Under Agreement No. 2001-38700-11092. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 50 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.apsoi1.2011.02.007 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 770EY UT WOS:000291071000001 ER PT J AU Pengthamkeerati, P Motavalli, PP Kremer, RJ AF Pengthamkeerati, P. Motavalli, P. P. Kremer, R. J. TI Soil microbial activity and functional diversity changed by compaction, poultry litter and cropping in a claypan soil SO APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dMicrobial biomass; Functional diversity; Soil compaction; Claypan soil; Poulty manure ID ORGANIC-MATTER REMOVAL; FOREST FLOOR REMOVAL; BULK-DENSITY; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACE COMPACTION; VEGETATION CONTROL; MANURE APPLICATION; DIFFERENT TILLAGE; N-MINERALIZATION AB Changes in soil physical characteristics induced by soil compaction may alter soil microhabitats and, therefore, play a significant role in governing soil microorganisms and their activities. Laboratory incubation and field experiments (in 2001 and 2002) were conducted to investigate the effect of soil compaction on soil microbiological properties in a claypan soil amended with poultry litter and cropped to corn (Zea mays L.). In both laboratory and field studies, moderate soil compaction increased total soil organic C. beta-glucosidase activity, microbial biomass C (MBC), and microbial functional diversity, but decreased soluble organic C (Sol C). However, more severe soil compaction imposed in the laboratory caused an adverse effect on these soil microbiological properties, except for Sol C. Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) litter application and cropping significantly increased soil beta-glucosidase activity, MBC, Sol C and microbial functional diversity, partly due to inputs of labile C substrates from both litter and crops. Overall, modification of soil microhabitat by compaction could change soil microbial growth and activity in relation to C and shift soil microbial functional diversity; however, the positive effects of litter addition and cropping could overcome the compaction effect on these soil microbiological properties. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pengthamkeerati, P.] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Fac Sci, Environm Technol Res Unit EnviTech, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [Motavalli, P. P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kremer, R. J.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Pengthamkeerati, P (reprint author), Kasetsart Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Fac Sci, POB 1072 Kasetsart,Phahonyothin Rd, Bangkok 10903, Thailand. EM fsciptp@ku.ac.th FU System Research Board of the University of Missouri FX We wish to acknowledge the generous funding by the System Research Board of the University of Missouri for supporting this research. We are also very thankful for the technical assistance provided by Tim Reinbott, Jenan Nichols, Dennis Wambuguh, John Dodds, Josh Intveld, Nancy Mungai, and Keechoon Park to this research. Valuable statistical assistance was provided by Dr. Mark Ellersieck. NR 54 TC 19 Z9 37 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1393 J9 APPL SOIL ECOL JI Appl. Soil Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 1 BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.01.005 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 770EY UT WOS:000291071000009 ER PT J AU Bartlett-Healy, K Hamilton, G Healy, S Crepeau, T Unlu, I Farajollahi, A Fonseca, D Gaugler, R Clark, GG Strickman, D AF Bartlett-Healy, Kristen Hamilton, George Healy, Sean Crepeau, Taryn Unlu, Isik Farajollahi, Ary Fonseca, Dina Gaugler, Randy Clark, Gary G. Strickman, Daniel TI Source Reduction Behavior as an Independent Measurement of the Impact of a Public Health Education Campaign in an Integrated Vector Management Program for the Asian Tiger Mosquito SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Asian tiger mosquito; Aedes albopictus; public health education; source reduction ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; INFORMATION PACKETS; COMMUNITY; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; ENCEPHALITIS; FLORIDA AB The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a public health educational campaign to reduce backyard mosquito-larval habitats. Three communities each, within two New Jersey counties, were randomly selected to receive: (1) both education and mosquito control, (2) education only, and (3) no education or mosquito control. Four separate educational events included a 5-day elementary school curriculum in the spring, and three door to door distributions of educational brochures. Before and after each educational event, the numbers of mosquito-larval container habitats were counted in 50 randomly selected homes per study area. Container surveys allowed us to measure source reduction behavior. Although we saw reductions in container habitats in sites receiving education, they were not significantly different from the control. Our results suggest that traditional passive means of public education, which were often considered the gold standard for mosquito control programs, are not sufficient to motivate residents to reduce backyard mosquito-larval habitats. C1 [Bartlett-Healy, Kristen; Fonseca, Dina; Gaugler, Randy] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Healy, Sean; Crepeau, Taryn] Monmouth Cty Mosquito Exterminat Commiss, Eatontown, NJ 07724 USA. [Bartlett-Healy, Kristen; Hamilton, George] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Unlu, Isik; Farajollahi, Ary] Mercer Cty Mosquito Control, W Trenton, NJ 08628 USA. [Clark, Gary G.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Strickman, Daniel] ARS, Off Natl Programs, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bartlett-Healy, K (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, 180 Jones Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM krisb@rci.rutgers.edu; hamilton@aesop.rutgers.edu; shealy@co.monmouth.nj.us; taryn.crepeau@co.monmouth.nj.us; iunlu@mercercounty.org; farajoll@rci.rutgers.edu; dinafons@rci.rutgers.edu; gaugler@rci.rutgers.edu; gary.clark@ars.usda.gov; daniel.strickman@ars.usda.gov RI Gaugler, Randy/K-3898-2013; OI Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100 NR 16 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 15 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 5 BP 1358 EP 1367 DI 10.3390/ijerph8051358 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 768QK UT WOS:000290950900007 PM 21655124 ER PT J AU Viator, RP Dailey, CD Richard, EP AF Viator, Ryan P. Dailey, Caleb D. Richard, Edward P., Jr. TI Late-season glyphosate ripener application coupled with post-harvest residue retention impacts subsequent ratoon yields SO INTERNATIONAL SUGAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE glyphosate; growth regulators; ratoons; ripeners; sugarcane ID SUGARCANE AB Different sources of plant stress, when present together, can have compounded effects on cane growth and yield. The objectives of this experiment were to determine: 1) if late-season (Nov. 1) glyphosate ripener application increases sucrose yield in the four common commercial sugarcane cultivars grown in Louisiana, USA 2) cultivar differences in susceptibility to injury from residual glyphosate in successive ratoon crops, and 3) if the stress of residual glyphosate on the subsequent ratoon crop is compounded by the presence of post-harvest residue. Glyphosate was applied on Nov. 1 (0.21 kg ai ha(-1)) to the first-ratoon crop. Two weeks after the first ratoon was harvested, the blanket of crop residue was either allowed to remain or completely removed by burning. Regardless of variety, late-season ripener application offered no increase in sucrose yield in first ratoon, and residual effects of glyphosate in the subsequent second-ratoon crop yield were not variety specific. Residual effect of glyphosate when post-harvest residue was not removed reduced sucrose yields by 13% relative to the non-treated control. Sucrose yield in the second-ratoon crop was not reduced when glyphosate was applied and residue was removed. When treated with glyphosate the previous year, residue retention reduced stalk population and photosynthesis in the second-ratoon crop compared to when residue was removed. Late-season glyphosate ripener applications are not recommended due to a lack of response by sugarcane coupled with the potential of residual injury effects caused by translocation of glyphosate into the crown, especially if post-harvest residue cannot be removed prior to the emergence of the subsequent ratoon crop. C1 [Viator, Ryan P.; Dailey, Caleb D.; Richard, Edward P., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Viator, RP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Lab, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM ryan.viator@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT SUGAR JOURNAL LTD PI KENT PA 80 CALVERLEY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN1 2UN, WALES SN 0020-8841 J9 INT SUGAR J JI Int. Sugar J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 113 IS 1349 BP 374 EP + PG 6 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 768XR UT WOS:000290973400042 ER PT J AU Faize, M Burgos, L Faize, L Piqueras, A Nicolas, E Barba-Espin, G Clemente-Moreno, MJ Alcobendas, R Artlip, T Hernandez, JA AF Faize, M. Burgos, L. Faize, L. Piqueras, A. Nicolas, E. Barba-Espin, G. Clemente-Moreno, M. J. Alcobendas, R. Artlip, T. Hernandez, J. A. TI Involvement of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase for improved tolerance against drought stress SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase; cytosolic superoxide dismutase; tobacco; water stress ID PLUM POX VIRUS; HIGH LIGHT-INTENSITY; OXIDATIVE-STRESS; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SALT STRESS; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; ACTIVATED OXYGEN; WATER-DEFICIT; ENHANCED TOLERANCE AB In order to understand the role of cytosolic antioxidant enzymes in drought stress protection, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) plants overexpressing cytosolic Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (cytsod) (EC 1.15.1.1) or ascorbate peroxidase (cytapx) (EC 1.11.1.1) alone, or in combination, were produced and tested for tolerance against mild water stress. The results showed that the simultaneous overexpression of Cu/Znsod and apx or at least apx in the cytosol of transgenic tobacco plants alleviates, to some extent, the damage produced by water stress conditions. This was correlated with higher water use efficiency and better photosynthetic rates. In general, oxidative stress parameters, such as lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 levels, were higher in non-transformed plants than in transgenic lines, suggesting that, at the least, overexpression of cytapx protects tobacco membranes from water stress. In these conditions, the activity of other antioxidant enzymes was induced in transgenic lines at the subcellular level. Moreover, an increase in the activity of some antioxidant enzymes was also observed in the chloroplast of transgenic plants overexpressing cytsod and/or cytapx. These results suggest the positive influence of cytosolic antioxidant metabolism on the chloroplast and underline the complexity of the regulation network of plant antioxidant defences during drought stress. C1 [Burgos, L.; Faize, L.; Piqueras, A.; Barba-Espin, G.; Clemente-Moreno, M. J.; Hernandez, J. A.] CEBAS CSIC, Dept Plant Breeding, Grp Fruit Tree Biotechnol, Murcia 30100, Spain. [Faize, M.] Univ Chouaib Doukkali, Fac Sci, Lab Plant Biotechnol Ecol & Ecosyst Valorisat, El Jadida 24000, Morocco. [Nicolas, E.; Alcobendas, R.] CEBAS CSIC, Dept Irrigat, Murcia 30100, Spain. [Artlip, T.] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Hernandez, JA (reprint author), CEBAS CSIC, Dept Plant Breeding, Grp Fruit Tree Biotechnol, POB 164, Murcia 30100, Spain. EM jahernan@cebas.csic.es RI Hernandez, Jose Antonio/B-6823-2008; Barba-Espin, Gregorio/G-5331-2011; Clemente Moreno, Maria Jose/G-5339-2011; Nicolas, Emilio/G-3785-2011; Piqueras, Abel/A-8265-2010 OI Hernandez, Jose Antonio/0000-0001-7211-5147; Barba-Espin, Gregorio/0000-0001-9229-9668; FU BIOCARM [BIO-AGR07/04-0011]; CICYT [AGL2006-01743/AGR, BFU2009-07443]; Spanish Ministry of Education; CSIC; Spanish Ministry of Science and Education FX This work was supported by BIOCARM BIO-AGR07/04-0011, CICYT AGL2006-01743/AGR, and CICYT BFU2009-07443. MF was supported by a 'Ramon & Cajal' contract from the Spanish Ministry of Education. GBE thanks the CSIC for his JAE research fellowship. MJCM thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education for her FPI research fellowship. NR 60 TC 73 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 37 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 62 IS 8 BP 2599 EP 2613 DI 10.1093/jxb/erq432 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 766UZ UT WOS:000290813300012 PM 21239380 ER PT J AU Gillespie, KM Rogers, A Ainsworth, EA AF Gillespie, Kelly M. Rogers, Alistair Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. TI Growth at elevated ozone or elevated carbon dioxide concentration alters antioxidant capacity and response to acute oxidative stress in soybean (Glycine max) SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant metabolism; ascorbate; dehydroascorbate reductase; glutathione reductase; oxidative stress; ozone pollution ID ASCORBIC-ACID; DEHYDROASCORBATE REDUCTASE; BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES; GLUTATHIONE-REDUCTASE; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; REACTIVE OXYGEN; REDOX STATUS; CELL-DEATH; PLANTS AB Soybeans (Glycine max Merr.) were grown at elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO(2)]) or chronic elevated ozone concentration ([O(3)]; 90 ppb), and then exposed to an acute O(3) stress (200 ppb for 4 h) in order to test the hypothesis that the atmospheric environment alters the total antioxidant capacity of plants, and their capacity to respond to an acute oxidative stress. Total antioxidant metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activity, and antioxidant transcript abundance were characterized before, immediately after, and during recovery from the acute O(3) treatment. Growth at chronic elevated [O(3)] increased the total antioxidant capacity of plants, while growth at elevated [CO(2)] decreased the total antioxidant capacity. Changes in total antioxidant capacity were matched by changes in ascorbate content, but not phenolic content. The growth environment significantly altered the pattern of antioxidant transcript and enzyme response to the acute O(3) stress. Following the acute oxidative stress, there was an immediate transcriptional reprogramming that allowed for maintained or increased antioxidant enzyme activities in plants grown at elevated [O(3)]. Growth at elevated [CO(2)] appeared to increase the response of antioxidant enzymes to acute oxidative stress, but dampened and delayed the transcriptional response. These results provide evidence that the growth environment alters the antioxidant system, the immediate response to an acute oxidative stress, and the timing over which plants return to initial antioxidant levels. The results also indicate that future elevated [CO(2)] and [O(3)] will differentially affect the antioxidant system. C1 [Gillespie, Kelly M.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Physiol & Mol Plant Biol Program, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Rogers, Alistair] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Rogers, Alistair] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Physiol & Mol Plant Biol Program, 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lisa.ainsworth@ars.usda.gov RI Rogers, Alistair/E-1177-2011 OI Rogers, Alistair/0000-0001-9262-7430 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR) FX We thank Andrew Leakey, Don Ort, Tim Mies, and Jesse McGrath for construction and support of the growth chamber facility. We also thank Robert Koester and Jessica Chiang for assistance in plant maintenance, tissue sampling, and biochemistry. Finally, we thank Craig Yendrek and Carrie Ramig for assistance with the real-time PCR. KMG was supported by a Graduate Research for the Environment Fellowship from the US Department of Energy's Global Change Education Program. Funding for building the ozone fumigation system was provided by the Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR). This research was supported in part by the US Department of Energy contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 to Brookhaven National Laboratory. NR 73 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 39 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 62 IS 8 BP 2667 EP 2678 DI 10.1093/jxb/erq435 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 766UZ UT WOS:000290813300017 PM 21282325 ER PT J AU Weng, YJ Lu, WX Harmon, A Xiang, XX Deng, QJ Song, MX Wang, D Yu, QZ Li, F AF Weng, Yuejin Lu, Wuxun Harmon, Aaron Xiang, Xiaoxiao Deng, Qiji Song, Minxun Wang, Dan Yu, Qingzhong Li, Feng TI The cellular endosomal sorting complex required for transport pathway is not involved in avian metapneumovirus budding in a virus-like-particle expression system SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-ANEMIA VIRUS; SMALL HYDROPHOBIC SH; MATRIX PROTEIN; VACCINE CANDIDATES; LATE DOMAINS; SUBTYPE-C; G-GENES; SEQUENCE; TSG101; PARAMYXOVIRUS AB Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) is a paramyxovirus that principally causes respiratory disease and egg production drops in turkeys and chickens. Together with its closely related human metapneumovirus (HMPV), they comprise the genus Metapneumovirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. Little is currently known about the mechanisms involved in the budding of metapneumovirus. By using AMPV as a model system, we showed that the matrix (M) protein by itself was insufficient to form virus-like-particles (VLPs). The incorporation of M into VLPs was shown to occur only when both the viral nucleoprotein (N) and the fusion (F) proteins were co-expressed. Furthermore, we provided evidence indicating that two YSKL and YAGL segments encoded within the M protein were not a functional late domain, and the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery was not involved in metapneumovirus budding, consistent with a recent observation that human respiratory syncytial virus, closely related to HMPV, uses an ESCRT-independent budding mechanism. Taken together, these results suggest that metapneumovirus budding is independent of the ESCRT pathway and the minimal budding machinery described here will aid our future understanding of metapneumovirus assembly and egress. C1 [Weng, Yuejin; Lu, Wuxun; Harmon, Aaron; Xiang, Xiaoxiao; Wang, Dan; Li, Feng] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Weng, Yuejin; Harmon, Aaron; Deng, Qiji; Li, Feng] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Weng, Yuejin; Lu, Wuxun; Harmon, Aaron; Xiang, Xiaoxiao; Deng, Qiji; Wang, Dan; Li, Feng] S Dakota State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Res & Vaccinol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Song, Minxun] Shandong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Poultry Sci, Jinan 250023, Peoples R China. [Yu, Qingzhong] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Li, F (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM feng.li@sdstate.edu FU SDSU [AES 3AH-203]; USDA; ARS [6612-32000-056-00D] FX We thank Xiuqin Xia for outstanding technical assistance, and Elizabeth Kolb for editing the manuscript. We thank Eric Freed (NCI) for providing the TSG-5', TSG-3' and Alix fragment plasmids, and W. Sundquist (University of Utah) for providing the Vps4A (E228Q) plasmid. We acknowledge use of the SDSU-FGCF Core. This work was supported by SDSU AES 3AH-203 to F. L., and USDA, ARS CRIS project 6612-32000-056-00D (to Q. Y.). NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 92 BP 1205 EP 1213 DI 10.1099/vir.0.029306-0 PN 5 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 770JV UT WOS:000291083700021 PM 21248175 ER PT J AU Lustgarten, MS Fielding, RA AF Lustgarten, M. S. Fielding, R. A. TI Assessment of analytical methods used to measure changes in body composition in the elderly and recommendations for their use in phase II clinical trials SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING LA English DT Article DE Sarcopenia; bioelectrical impedance; dual-x-ray absorptiometry; computed tomography; magnetic resonance imaging ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS; FAT-FREE MASS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; CELL MASS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; FIBER COMPOSITION; RELAXATION-TIME; OBESE WOMEN AB It is estimated that in the next 20 years, the amount of people greater than 65 years of age will rise from 40 to 70 million, and will account for 19% of the total population Age-related decreases in muscle mass and function, known as sarcopenia, have been shown to be related to functional limitation, frailty and an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, with an increasing elderly population, interventions that can improve muscle mass content and/or function are essential. However, analytical techniques used for measurement of muscle mass in young subjects may not be valid for use in the elderly. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine the applied specificity and accuracy of methods that are commonly used for measurement of muscle mass in aged subjects, and, to propose specific recommendations for the use of body composition measures in phase II clinical trials of function-promoting anabolic therapies. C1 [Lustgarten, M. S.; Fielding, R. A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM roger.fielding@tufts.edu FU USDA [58-1950-7-707]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679] FX This material is based upon work supported by the USDA, under agreement no. 58-1950-7-707 any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. department of agriculture. also supported by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans independence Center (1P30AG031679). NR 97 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1279-7707 J9 J NUTR HEALTH AGING JI J. Nutr. Health Aging PD MAY PY 2011 VL 15 IS 5 BP 368 EP 375 DI 10.1007/s12603-011-0049-x PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 766PI UT WOS:000290797400007 PM 21528163 ER PT J AU Fielding, RA Vellas, B Evans, WJ Bhasin, S Morley, JE Newman, AB van Kan, GA Andrieu, S Bauer, J Breuille, D Cederholm, T Chandler, J De Meynard, C Donini, L Harris, T Kannt, A Guibert, FK Onder, G Papanicolaou, D Rolland, Y Rooks, D Sieber, C Souhami, E Verlaan, S Zamboni, M AF Fielding, Roger A. Vellas, Bruno Evans, William J. Bhasin, Shalender Morley, John E. Newman, Anne B. van Kan, Gabor Abelian Andrieu, Sandrine Bauer, Juergen Breuille, Denis Cederholm, Tommy Chandler, Julie De Meynard, Capucine Donini, Lorenzo Harris, Tamara Kannt, Aimo Guibert, Florence Keime Onder, Graziano Papanicolaou, Dimitris Rolland, Yves Rooks, Daniel Sieber, Cornet Souhami, Elisabeth Verlaan, Sjors Zamboni, Mauro TI Sarcopenia: An Undiagnosed Condition in Older Adults. Current Consensus Definition: Prevalence, Etiology, and Consequences. International Working Group on Sarcopenia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Muscle; aging; body composition; function; disability ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE MASS; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL-DISEASE; LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS; CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; DIFFERENT FIBER TYPES; BODY-COMPOSITION; PHYSICAL-DISABILITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; ELDERLY-MEN AB Sarcopenia, the age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, has considerable societal consequences for the development of frailty, disability, and health care planning. A group of geriatricians and scientists from academia and industry met in Rome, Italy, on November 18, 2009, to arrive at a consensus definition of sarcopenia. The current consensus definition was approved unanimously by the meeting participants and is as follows: Sarcopenia is defined as the age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. The causes of sarcopenia are multifactorial and can include disuse, altered endocrine function, chronic diseases, inflammation, insulin resistance, and nutritional deficiencies. Although cachexia may be a component of sarcopenia, the 2 conditions are not the same. The diagnosis of sarcopenia should be considered in all older patients who present with observed declines in physical function, strength, or overall health. Sarcopenia should specifically be considered in patients who are bedridden, cannot independently rise from a chair, or who have a measured gait speed less that 1 m/s(-1). Patients who meet these criteria should further undergo body composition assessment using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry with sarcopenia being defined using currently validated definitions. A diagnosis of sarcopenia is consistent with a gait speed of less than 1 m.s(-1) and an objectively measured low muscle mass (eg, appendicular mass relative to ht(2) that is <= 7.23 kg/m(2) in men and <= 5.67 kg/m(2) in women). Sarcopenia is a highly prevalent condition in older persons that leads to disability, hospitalization, and death. (J Am Med Dir Assoc 2011; 12: 249-256) C1 [Fielding, Roger A.] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Vellas, Bruno] CHU Toulouse, INSERM, U558, Toulouse, France. [Evans, William J.] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Bhasin, Shalender] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Morley, John E.] Univ Med Sch, St Louis, MO USA. [Newman, Anne B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [van Kan, Gabor Abelian; Rolland, Yves] Hop La Grave Casselardit, Toulouse, France. [Andrieu, Sandrine] INSERM, Fac Med, U558, Toulouse, France. [Bauer, Juergen] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Nurnberg, Germany. [Breuille, Denis] Ctr Rech Nestle, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Cederholm, Tommy] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. [Chandler, Julie; Papanicolaou, Dimitris] Merck Res Labs, Rahway, NJ USA. [De Meynard, Capucine] Lab Chiesi, Courbevoie, France. [Donini, Lorenzo] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Harris, Tamara] NIA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kannt, Aimo] Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany. [Guibert, Florence Keime] Inst Rech Int SERVIER, Courbevoie, France. [Onder, Graziano] Univ Cattal Sacre Cuore, Rome, Italy. [Rooks, Daniel] Novartis Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. [Sieber, Cornet] Klinikum Nurnberg Nord, Nurnberg, Germany. [Souhami, Elisabeth] Sanofi Aventis R&D, Croix De Berny, France. [Verlaan, Sjors] Danone Res Ctr Specialised Nutr, Schiphol Airport, Netherlands. [Zamboni, Mauro] Univ Verona, I-37100 Verona, Italy. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM roger.fielding@tufts.edu RI morley, john/F-9177-2011; Newman, Anne/C-6408-2013; OI morley, john/0000-0001-6444-2965; Newman, Anne/0000-0002-0106-1150; Donini, Lorenzo/0000-0003-4692-4754; ZAMBONI, Mauro/0000-0001-6961-9483 FU GlaxoSmithKline; Abbott; Chiesi; Danone; Merck; Nestle; Novartis; Sanofi Aventis FX Partial support for this meeting, in the form of travel costs, was provided by GlaxoSmithKline and Abbott, Chiesi, Danone, Merck, Nestle, Novartis, and Sanofi Aventis. NR 102 TC 570 Z9 593 U1 19 U2 129 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-8610 J9 J AM MED DIR ASSOC JI J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 12 IS 4 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.jamda.2011.01.003 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 768HK UT WOS:000290924500003 PM 21527165 ER PT J AU Bliss, DZ Savik, K Jung, HJG Whitebird, R Lowry, A AF Bliss, Donna Z. Savik, Kay Jung, Hans-Joachim G. Whitebird, Robin Lowry, Ann TI Symptoms Associated With Dietary Fiber Supplementation Over Time in Individuals With Fecal Incontinence SO NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE diet; fecal incontinence; fiber; gastrointestinal symptoms; time ID GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATIONS; PSYLLIUM; CHOLESTEROL; REDUCTION; HEALTH; TRIAL; GUM AB Background: Knowledge about adverse symptoms over time from fiber supplementation is lacking. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the severity of adverse gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms during supplementation with dietary fiber or placebo over time in adults with fecal incontinence. A secondary aim was to determine the relationship between symptom severity and emotional upset and their association with study attrition and reducing fiber dose. Methods: Participants (N = 189; 77% female; 92% White; age, M = 58 years, SD = 14 years) with fecal incontinence were randomly assigned to a placebo or a supplement of 16 g total dietary fiber per day from 1 of 3 sources: gum arabic, psyllium, or carboxymethylcellulose. They reported GI symptoms daily during baseline (14 days), incremental fiber dosing (6 days), and 2 segments of steady full fiber dose (32 days total). Results: Severity of symptoms in all groups was minimal. Adjusting for study segment and day, a greater feeling of fullness in the psyllium group was the only symptom that differed from symptoms in the placebo group. The odds of having greater severity of flatus, belching, fullness, and bloating were 1.2-2.0 times greater in the steady dose segment compared with baseline. There was a positive association between symptom severity and emotional upset. Participants with a greater feeling of fullness or bloating or higher scores for total symptom severity or emotional upset were more likely to withdraw from the study sooner or reduce fiber dose. Conclusions: Persons with fecal incontinence experience a variety of GI symptoms over time. Symptom severity and emotional upset appear to influence fiber tolerance and study attrition. Supplements seemed well tolerated. C1 [Bliss, Donna Z.; Savik, Kay] Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Jung, Hans-Joachim G.] USDA ARS, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Jung, Hans-Joachim G.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Whitebird, Robin] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Bloomington, MN USA. [Lowry, Ann] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Lowry, Ann] Colon & Rectal Surg Associates LTD, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Bliss, DZ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, 5-140 Weaver Densford Hall,308 Harvard St, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM bliss@umn.edu FU National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health [R01-R07756] FX This study was funded by the National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, R01-R07756 ("Impact of Fiber Fermentation on Fecal Incontinence''). NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-6562 J9 NURS RES JI Nurs. Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 60 IS 3 SU 3 BP S58 EP S67 DI 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3182186d8c PG 10 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 768TB UT WOS:000290960200007 PM 21543963 ER PT J AU Baldwin, EA Bai, JH Plotto, A Dea, S AF Baldwin, Elizabeth A. Bai, Jinhe Plotto, Anne Dea, Sharon TI Electronic Noses and Tongues: Applications for the Food and Pharmaceutical Industries SO SENSORS LA English DT Review DE biosensors; chemical sensors; multivariate statistics; neural networks; pattern recognition; gas chromatography; mass spectroscopy; liquid chromatography; sensory; flavor; shelf life ID COLORIMETRIC SENSOR ARRAY; SHELF-LIFE; VOLTAMMETRIC SENSORS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT; MACHINE OLFACTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NEURAL-NETWORK; TASTE SENSOR AB The electronic nose (e-nose) is designed to crudely mimic the mammalian nose in that most contain sensors that non-selectively interact with odor molecules to produce some sort of signal that is then sent to a computer that uses multivariate statistics to determine patterns in the data. This pattern recognition is used to determine that one sample is similar or different from another based on headspace volatiles. There are different types of e-nose sensors including organic polymers, metal oxides, quartz crystal microbalance and even gas-chromatography (GC) or combined with mass spectroscopy (MS) can be used in a non-selective manner using chemical mass or patterns from a short GC column as an e-nose or "Z" nose. The electronic tongue reacts similarly to non-volatile compounds in a liquid. This review will concentrate on applications of e-nose and e-tongue technology for edible products and pharmaceutical uses. C1 [Baldwin, Elizabeth A.; Bai, Jinhe; Plotto, Anne; Dea, Sharon] USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. RP Baldwin, EA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, 600 Ave S NW, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. EM liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov; jinhe.bai@ars.usda.gov; anne.plotto@ars.usda.gov; sharon.dea@ars.usda.gov NR 110 TC 123 Z9 129 U1 28 U2 200 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD MAY PY 2011 VL 11 IS 5 BP 4744 EP 4766 DI 10.3390/s110504744 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 768PO UT WOS:000290947700016 PM 22163873 ER PT J AU Rijavec, T Jain, M Dermastia, M Chourey, PS AF Rijavec, Tomaz Jain, Mukesh Dermastia, Marina Chourey, Prem S. TI Spatial and temporal profiles of cytokinin biosynthesis and accumulation in developing caryopses of maize SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Caryopsis; cytokinins; immunolocalization; maize; N9-glucosylation; programmed cell death; Zea mays ID TOBACCO BY-2 CELLS; MINIATURE1 SEED MUTANT; KERNEL DEVELOPMENT; ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; O-GLUCOSYLATION; CIS-ZEATIN; EXPRESSION; GENE; INDUCTION AB Background and Aims Cytokinins are a major group of plant hormones and are associated with various developmental processes. Developing caryopses of maize have high levels of cytokinins, but little is known about their spatial and temporal distribution. The localization and quantification of cytokinins was investigated in maize (Zea mays) caryopsis from 0 to 28 d after pollination together with the expression and localization of isopentenyltransferase ZmIPT1 involved in cytokinin biosynthesis and ZmCNGT, the gene putatively involved in N9-glucosylation. Methods Biochemical, cellular and molecular approaches resolved the overall cytokinin profiles, and several gene expression assays were used for two critical genes to assess cytokinin cell-specific biosynthesis and conversion to the biologically inactive form. Cytokinins were immunolocalized for the first time in maize caryopses. Key Results During the period 0-28 d after pollination (DAP): (1) large quantities of cytokinins were detected in the maternal pedicel region relative to the filial tissues during the early stages after fertilization; (2) unpollinated ovules did not accumulate cytokinins; (3) the maternal nucellar region showed little or no cytokinin signal; (4) the highest cytokinin concentrations in filial endosperm and embryo were detected at 12 DAP, predominantly zeatin riboside and zeatin-9-glucoside, respectively; and (5) a strong cytokinin immuno-signal was detected in specific cell types in the pedicel, endosperm and embryo. Conclusions The cytokinins of developing maize caryopsis may originate from both local syntheses as well as by transport. High levels of fertilization-dependent cytokinins in the pedicel suggest filial control on metabolism in the maternal tissue; they may also trigger developmental programmed cell death in the pedicel. C1 [Rijavec, Tomaz; Dermastia, Marina] Natl Inst Biol, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Jain, Mukesh; Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chourey, Prem S.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Dermastia, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Biol, Vecna Pot 111, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM marina.dermastia@nib.si FU Slovenian Research Agency [1000-05-310055]; USA-Slovenia Cooperation in Science and Technology [BI-US/06-07-031] FX We thank the Slovenian Research Agency (grant 1000-05-310055 to T.R.) and the USA-Slovenia Cooperation in Science and Technology (grant BI-US/06-07-031). This was a cooperative investigation by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. We gratefully acknowledge Q.-B. Li for technical assistance and Dr Ales Kladnik for help with immunolocalization experiments. We thank Drs David Clark, B.-H. Kang and D. R. Pring for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 33 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 107 IS 7 SI SI BP 1235 EP 1245 DI 10.1093/aob/mcq247 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 763WP UT WOS:000290590700017 PM 21169292 ER PT J AU Madsen, MD Zvirzdin, DL Davis, BD Petersen, SL Roundy, BA AF Madsen, Matthew D. Zvirzdin, Daniel L. Davis, Bracken D. Petersen, Steven L. Roundy, Bruce A. TI Feature Extraction Techniques for Measuring Pinon and Juniper Tree Cover and Density, and Comparison with Field-Based Management Surveys SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aerial photography; Geographic information systems (GIS); Remote sensing; Woodland encroachment; Rangeland monitoring ID GROUND-BASED METHODS; WESTERN JUNIPER; AERIAL; ENCROACHMENT; VEGETATION; EXPANSION; WOODLANDS; PATTERNS; OREGON AB Western North America is experiencing a dramatic expansion of pion (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) (P-J) trees into shrub-steppe communities. Feature extracted data acquired from remotely sensed imagery can help managers rapidly and accurately assess this land cover change in order to manage rangeland ecosystems at a landscape-scale. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop an effective and efficient method for accurately quantifying P-J tree canopy cover and density directly from high resolution photographs and (2) compare feature-extracted data to typical in-situ datasets used by land managers. Tree cover was extracted from aerial-photography using Feature Analyst(A (R)). Tree density was calculated as the sum of the total number of individual polygons (trees) within the tree cover output file after isolation using a negative buffer post-processing technique. Feature-extracted data were compared to ground reference measurements from Utah's Division of Wildlife Resources Range Trend Project (DWR-RTP). We found that the proposed feature-extraction techniques used for measuring cover and density were highly correlated to ground reference and DWR-RTP datasets. Feature-extracted measurements of cover generally showed a near 1:1 relationship to these data, while tree density was underestimated; however, after calibration for juvenile trees, a near 1:1 relationship was realized. Feature-extraction techniques used in this study provide an efficient method for assessing important rangeland indicators, including: density, cover, and extent of P-J tree encroachment. Correlations found between field and feature-extracted data provide evidence to support extrapolation between the two approaches when assessing woodland encroachment. C1 [Madsen, Matthew D.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR USA. [Zvirzdin, Daniel L.; Petersen, Steven L.; Roundy, Bruce A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Davis, Bracken D.] Utah Dept Agr & Food, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Madsen, MD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR USA. EM matthew.madsen@oregonstate.edu FU Brigham Young University; Charles Redd Grant; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX We are grateful to Kaitlynn Neville, Ben Stearns, Alexander Zvirzdin, and Eric Gardner who aided in collecting and processing field data. Authors wish to thank Dennis Eggett for assistance in statistical analyses. Funding for this research was provided by Brigham Young University Mentoring and Education Grant, Charles Redd Grant, Brigham Young University Graduate Studies Fellowship Award, and the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 47 IS 5 BP 766 EP 776 DI 10.1007/s00267-011-9634-3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 759VS UT WOS:000290277200006 PM 21360170 ER PT J AU Wesley, IV Muraoka, WT AF Wesley, Irene V. Muraoka, Wayne T. TI Time of Entry of Salmonella and Campylobacter into the Turkey Brooder House SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Turkeys; Campylobacter; Salmonella; On-farm production; PFGE; Antimicrobial resistance ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS PROTOCOLS; MARKET-WEIGHT TURKEYS; UNITED-STATES; PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; PRESLAUGHTER EVENTS; PRODUCTION SYSTEM; POULTRY MEAT; JEJUNI; COLONIZATION AB The prevalence of Campylobacter (>90%) and Salmonella (33%) in turkeys at slaughter has been estimated. This report describes studies to estimate the time of entry of Campylobacter and Salmonella into the brooder house, which is the first stage of commercial turkey production. In trial 1, birds (similar to 100 per time point) were monitored by conventional culture at three intervals (0, 9, and 16 days of age). Campylobacter spp. were not detected in poults at the day of hatch; Salmonella was isolated from the ceca (3.9%) and yolk sac (0.1%). By day 9, Salmonella were frequently isolated from the ceca (55%) and small intestine (45%) while Campylobacter was not cultured. By day 16, the prevalence of Salmonella in the ceca (21%) and small intestine (5.1%) had declined; Campylobacter was infrequently isolated from either the ceca (2%) or small intestine (3%). In trial 2, poults (50 per time point at 5, 20, and 33 days of age) were monitored for Campylobacter and Salmonella by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); Salmonella was also monitored by conventional culture. Whereas Campylobacter was not detected by real-time PCR in the ceca of 5-day-old birds, it was detected on days 20 (92%) and 33 (90%). In contrast, Salmonella was isolated from young birds at days 5 (98%), 20 (98%), and 33 (98%), after which time the turkeys were moved to the finisher house. At slaughter at 138 days, Salmonella prevalence in the ceca had declined (4.5%) in contrast to the prevalence of Campylobacter (92%). Antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of the Salmonella isolates indicated an increase of sulfonamide-resistant isolates throughout the brooder stage. Genotyping by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of Salmonella (45 isolates per sampling time) indicated fluctuating populations as the birds matured. C1 [Wesley, Irene V.; Muraoka, Wayne T.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Wesley, IV (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM irene.wesley@ars.usda.gov RI Muraoka, Wayne/A-2830-2009 NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 4 IS 4 BP 616 EP 623 DI 10.1007/s11947-009-0190-2 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 766XE UT WOS:000290819100012 ER PT J AU Sharma, M Cortes-Cruz, M Ahern, KR McMullen, M Brutnell, TP Chopra, S AF Sharma, Mandeep Cortes-Cruz, Moises Ahern, Kevin R. McMullen, Michael Brutnell, Thomas P. Chopra, Surinder TI Identification of the Pr1 Gene Product Completes the Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Pathway of Maize SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ZEA-MAYS L.; FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS; REGULATORY GENE; COLORFUL MODEL; CLUSTAL-W; ARABIDOPSIS; TRANSCRIPTION; 3'-HYDROXYLASE; ACCUMULATION; BIOCHEMISTRY AB In maize, mutations in the pr1 locus lead to the accumulation of pelargonidin (red) rather than cyanidin (purple) pigments in aleurone cells where the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway is active. We characterized pr1 mutation and isolated a putative F3'H encoding gene (Zmf3'h1) and showed by segregation analysis that the red kernel phenotype is linked to this gene. Genetic mapping using SNP markers confirms its position on chromosome 5L. Furthermore, genetic complementation experiments using a CaMV 35S::ZmF3'H1 promoter-gene construct established that the encoded protein product was sufficient to perform a 3'-hydroxylation reaction. The Zmf3'h1-specific transcripts were detected in floral and vegetative tissues of Pr1 plants and were absent in pr1. Four pr1 alleles were characterized: two carry a 24 TA dinucleotide repeat insertion in the 5'-upstream promoter region, a third has a 17-bp deletion near the TATA box, and a fourth contains a Ds insertion in exon1. Genetic and transcription assays demonstrated that the pr1 gene is under the regulatory control of anthocyanin transcription factors red1 and colorless1. The cloning and characterization of pr1 completes the molecular identification of all genes encoding structural enzymes of the anthocyanin pathway of maize. C1 [Sharma, Mandeep; Chopra, Surinder] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cortes-Cruz, Moises; McMullen, Michael] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ahern, Kevin R.; Brutnell, Thomas P.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Chopra, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 252 Agr Sci & Ind Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM sic3@psu.edu RI Brutnell, Thomas/M-2840-2013 OI Brutnell, Thomas/0000-0002-3581-8211 FU College of Agricultural Sciences [4144, 4154]; Pennsylvania State University; United States Department of Agriculture-National Research Initiative [2007-35318-17795]; National Science Foundation [0501713]; Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Pennsylvania State University FX We thank Catherine Svabek for her excellent technical assistance, Scott Harkcom, Jim Breining, John Shaffer, and the Penn State Agronomy Farm staff for their help with land preparation and tending of maize genetic nurseries. This work was supported in part by research support to S. C. under Hatch projects 4144 and 4154 of the College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, and a United States Department of Agriculture-National Research Initiative-2007-35318-17795 award. This work was also supported by funding from the National Science Foundation to T. P. B. (D. B. I. 0501713). M. S. was supported by a doctoral assistantship from the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Pennsylvania State University. NR 64 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 14 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 188 IS 1 BP 69 EP U110 DI 10.1534/genetics.110.126136 PG 18 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 759VP UT WOS:000290276900007 PM 21385724 ER PT J AU Palla, KJ Pijut, PM AF Palla, Kaitlin J. Pijut, Paula M. TI Regeneration of plants from Fraxinus americana hypocotyls and cotyledons SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE Adventitious shoots; Fraxinus rooting; Shoot organogenesis; Tissue culture; White ash ID EMERALD ASH BORER; IN-VITRO; WHITE ASH; SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; PENNSYLVANICA MARSH; SHOOT ORGANOGENESIS; ANGUSTIFOLIA; EXCELSIOR; MICROPROPAGATION; THIDIAZURON AB A plant regeneration protocol was developed for white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Hypocotyls and cotyledons excised from embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) plus thidiazuron (TDZ), and compared for organogenic potential. Sixty-six percent of hypocotyl segments and 10.4% of cotyledon segments produced adventitious shoots, with a mean number of adventitious shoots per explant of 3.5 +/- 0.9 and 2.5 +/- 1.5, respectively. The best regeneration medium (52% shoot formation; 47% shoot elongation) for hypocotyls was MS basal medium containing 22.2 mu M BA plus 0.5 mu M TDZ, producing a mean of 3.9 +/- 0.4 adventitious shoots. Adventitious shoots were established as proliferating shoot cultures following transfer to MS medium with Gamborg B5 vitamins supplemented with 10 mu M BA plus 10 mu M TDZ. For in vitro rooting, woody plant medium with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at 0, 2.9, 5.7, or 8.6 mu M in combination with 4.9 mu M indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was tested for a 5- or 10-d dark culture period, followed by culture under a 16-h photoperiod. The best rooting (78% to 81%) of in vitro shoots was obtained with a 5 d dark culture treatment on medium containing 2.9 or 5.7 mu M IAA plus 4.9 mu M IBA, with an average of 2.6 +/- 0.4 roots per shoot. Rooted plants were successfully acclimatized to the greenhouse. This adventitious shoot regeneration and rooting protocol will be used as the basis for experimental studies to produce transgenic white ash with resistance to the emerald ash borer. C1 [Pijut, Paula M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Palla, Kaitlin J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pijut, PM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ppijut@purdue.edu RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1054-5476 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD MAY PY 2011 VL 47 IS 2 BP 250 EP 256 DI 10.1007/s11627-011-9360-9 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 767HK UT WOS:000290845700005 ER PT J AU White, JE Catallo, WJ Legendre, BL AF White, John E. Catallo, W. James Legendre, Benjamin L. TI Biomass pyrolysis kinetics: A comparative critical review with relevant agricultural residue case studies SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS LA English DT Review DE Agricultural residues; Biomass; Kinetic models; Kinetic triplet; Nutshells; Pyrolysis kinetics; Sugarcane bagasse; Thermal decomposition ID SOLID-STATE REACTIONS; DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL-ANALYSIS; SUGAR-CANE BAGASSE; NONISOTHERMAL REACTION-KINETICS; SUBSTANCES ANALYTICAL SURVEY; LOW-TEMPERATURE PYROLYSIS; ACTIVATION-ENERGY MODEL; FLUIDIZED-BED REACTOR; RICE HULL PYROLYSIS; MASS-LOSS KINETICS AB Biomass pyrolysis is a fundamental thermochemical conversion process that is of both industrial and ecological importance. From designing and operating industrial biomass conversion systems to modeling the spread of wildfires, an understanding of solid state pyrolysis kinetics is imperative. A critical review of kinetic models and mathematical approximations currently employed in solid state thermal analysis is provided. Isoconversional and model-fitting methods for estimating kinetic parameters are comparatively evaluated. The thermal decomposition of biomass proceeds via a very complex set of competitive and concurrent reactions and thus the exact mechanism for biomass pyrolysis remains a mystery. The pernicious persistence of substantial variations in kinetic rate data for solids irrespective of the kinetic model employed has exposed serious divisions within the thermal analysis community and also caused the broader scientific and industrial community to question the relevancy and applicability of all kinetic data obtained from heterogeneous reactions. Many factors can influence the kinetic parameters, including process conditions, heat and mass transfer limitations, physical and chemical heterogeneity of the sample, and systematic errors. An analysis of thermal decomposition data obtained from two agricultural residues, nutshells and sugarcane bagasse, reveals the inherent difficulty and risks involved in modeling heterogeneous reaction systems. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [White, John E.; Legendre, Benjamin L.] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Audubon Sugar Inst, St Gabriel, LA 70776 USA. [Catallo, W. James] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Lab Ecol Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP White, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM John.White20@ars.usda.gov NR 410 TC 139 Z9 152 U1 7 U2 156 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2370 J9 J ANAL APPL PYROL JI J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis PD MAY PY 2011 VL 91 IS 1 BP 1 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.01.004 PG 33 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 766JY UT WOS:000290779600001 ER PT J AU Ingram, DT Patel, J Sharma, M AF Ingram, David T. Patel, Jitu Sharma, Manan TI Effect of Repeated Irrigation with Water Containing Varying Levels of Total Organic Carbon on the Persistence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Baby Spinach SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; LETTUCE PLANTS; LEAF SURFACES; UNITED-STATES; O157H7; INTERNALIZATION; LEAVES; SOIL; COLONIZATION AB The California lettuce and leafy greens industry has adopted the Leafy Greens Marketing Agreement (LGMA), which allows for 126 most-probable-number (MPN) Escherichia coli per 100 ml in irrigation water. Repeat irrigation of baby spinach plants with water containing E. coli O157:H7 and different levels of total organic carbon (TOC) was used to determine the epiphytic survival of E. coli O157:H7. Three irrigation treatments (0 ppm of TOC, 12 or 15 ppm of TOC, and 120 or 150 ppm of TOC) were prepared with bovine manure containing E. coli O157:H7 at either low (0 to I log CFU/100 ml) or high (5 to 6 log CFU/100 ml) populations, and sprayed onto baby spinach plants in growth chambers by using a fine-mist airbrush. MPN and direct plating techniques were used to determine the E. coli O157:H7 populations on the aerial plant tissue. Plants irrigated with high E. coli O157:H7 populations, regardless of TOC levels, showed a 3-log reduction within the first 24 h. Low levels of E. coli O157:H7 were observed for up to 16 days on all TOC treatments, ranging from 76.4 MPN per plant (day 1) to 0.40 MPN per plant (day 16). No viable cells were detected on spinach tissue 24 h after irrigation with water containing fewer than 126 CFU/100 ml E. coli O157:H7. Under growth chamber conditions in this study, E. coli O157:H7 populations in irrigation water that complies with the LGMA standards will not persist for more than 24 h when applied onto foliar surfaces of spinach plants. C1 [Ingram, David T.; Patel, Jitu; Sharma, Manan] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sharma, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 201,BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM manan.sharma@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX We gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of Arun Arokiaswamy for his assistance in the laboratory, and Shannon Ingram for her technical expertise with the analytical instrumentation necessary to complete this project. This work was supported by in part with federal funds appropriated to the USDA-ARS project "Microbial Ecology and Safety of Fresh On-farm Organically Grown Produce." NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 74 IS 5 BP 709 EP 717 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-426 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 764OP UT WOS:000290641600002 PM 21549040 ER PT J AU Sharma, M Lakshman, S Ferguson, S Ingram, DT Luo, YG Patel, J AF Sharma, Manan Lakshman, Sudesna Ferguson, Sean Ingram, David T. Luo, Yaguang Patel, Jitu TI Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Persistence and Expression of Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Shredded Iceberg Lettuce SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID DISEASE OUTBREAKS; STORAGE-TEMPERATURE; UNITED-STATES; O157H7; O157-H7; STRAINS; SPINACH; ROMAINE; STRESS; BOVINE AB Fresh-cut leafy greens contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 have caused foodborne outbreaks. Packaging conditions, coupled with abusive storage temperatures of contaminated lettuce, were evaluated for their effect on the potential virulence of E. coli O157:H7. Shredded lettuce was inoculated with 5.58 and 3.98 log CFU E. coli O157:H7 per g and stored at 4 and 15 degrees C, respectively, for up to 10 days. Lettuce was packaged under treatment A (modified atmosphere packaging conditions used for commercial fresh-cut produce, in gas-permeable film with N(2)), treatment B (near ambient air atmospheric conditions in a gas-permeable film with microperforations), and treatment C (high-CO(2) and low-O(2) conditions in a gas-impermeable film). E. coli O157:H7 populations from each treatment were determined by enumeration of numbers on MacConkey agar containing nalidixic acid. RNA was extracted from packaged lettuce for analysis of expression of virulence factor genes stx(2), eae, ehxA, iha, and rfbE. E. coli O157:H7 populations on lettuce at 4 degrees C under all treatments decreased, but most considerably so under treatment B over 10 days. At 15 degrees C, E. coli O157:H7 populations increased by at least 2.76 log CFU/g under all treatments. At 15 degrees C, expression of eae and iha was significantly greater under treatment B than it was under treatments A and C on day 3. Similarly, treatment B promoted significantly higher expression of stx(2), eae, ehxA, and rfbE genes on day 10, compared with treatments A and C at 15 degrees C. Results indicate that storage under near ambient air atmospheric conditions can promote higher expression levels of O157 virulence factors on lettuce, and could affect the severity of E. coli O157:H7 infections associated with leafy greens. C1 [Sharma, Manan; Lakshman, Sudesna; Ferguson, Sean; Ingram, David T.; Luo, Yaguang; Patel, Jitu] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,Environm Microbial & Fo, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sharma, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,Environm Microbial & Fo, Bldg 201,BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM manan.sharma@ars.usda.gov FU Fresh Express Produce Research Safety Initiative; USDA-ARS FX We thank Ms. Cheryl Mudd, Ms. Ellen Turner, and Mr. Arun Arokiaswamy for their technical expertise at EMFSL. We also thank Dr. Barry Eisenberg and River Ranch Fresh Foods for providing shredded lettuce. This work was funded by the Fresh Express Produce Research Safety Initiative and the USDA-ARS project "Microbial Ecology and Safety of Fresh On-farm Organically Grown Produce." NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 74 IS 5 BP 718 EP 726 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-427 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 764OP UT WOS:000290641600003 PM 21549041 ER PT J AU Van Kessel, JAS Karns, JS Lombard, JE Kopral, CA AF Van Kessel, Jo Ann S. Karns, Jeffrey S. Lombard, Jason E. Kopral, Christine A. TI Prevalence of Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli Virulence Factors in Bulk Tank Milk and In-Line Filters from US Dairies SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DRINKING RAW-MILK; UNITED-STATES; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; FARM ENVIRONMENT; PASTEURIZED MILK; FECAL PREVALENCE; FOOD SAFETY; O157-H7 AB The zoonotic bacteria Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli are known to infect dairy cows while not always causing clinical signs of disease. These pathogens are sometimes found in raw milk, and human disease outbreaks due to these organisms have been associated with the consumption of raw milk or raw milk products. Bulk tank milk (BTM) samples (536) and in-line milk filters (519) collected from dairy farms across the United States during the National Animal Health Monitoring System's Dairy 2007 study were analyzed by real-time PCR for the presence of S. enterica and pathogenic forms of E. coli and by culture techniques for the presence of L. monocytogenes. S. enterica was detected in samples from 28.1% of the dairy operations, primarily in milk filters. Salmonella was isolated from 36 of 75 PCR-positive BTM samples and 105 of 174 PCR-positive filter samples, and the isolates were serotyped. Cerro, Kentucky, Muenster, Anatum, and Newport were the most common serotypes. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 7.1% of the dairy operations, and the 1/2a complex was the most common serotype, followed by 1/2b and 4b (lineage 1). Shiga toxin genes were detected in enrichments from 15.2% of the BTM samples and from 51.0% of the filters by real-time PCR. In most cases, the cycle threshold values for the PCR indicated that toxigenic strains were not a major part of the enrichment populations. These data confirm those from earlier studies showing significant contamination of BTM by zoonotic bacterial pathogens and that the consumption of raw milk and raw milk products presents a health risk. C1 [Van Kessel, Jo Ann S.; Karns, Jeffrey S.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lombard, Jason E.; Kopral, Christine A.] USDA, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Lombard, Jason E.; Kopral, Christine A.] Vet Serv, Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Van Kessel, JAS (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Bldg 173,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joann.vankessel@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 27 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 74 IS 5 BP 759 EP 768 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-423 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 764OP UT WOS:000290641600008 PM 21549046 ER PT J AU Gallant, AL Sadinski, W Roth, MF Rewa, CA AF Gallant, Alisa L. Sadinski, Walt Roth, Mark F. Rewa, Charles A. TI Changes in historical Iowa land cover as context for assessing the environmental benefits of current and future conservation efforts on agricultural lands SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; AMPHIBIAN DECLINES; RESTORED WETLANDS; WILDLIFE HABITAT; POPULATION; USA; TRENDS C1 [Gallant, Alisa L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Sadinski, Walt; Roth, Mark F.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA. [Rewa, Charles A.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Gallant, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. OI Roth, Mark/0000-0001-5095-1865 FU US Geological Survey; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service [IAG 67-3A75-8-12, IAG 67-3A75-9-88]; US Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative FX This research was supported through interagency agreements between the US Geological Survey and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service in support of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (IAG 67-3A75-8-12 and IAG 67-3A75-9-88) and by funds from the US Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative The authors appreciate critical input for this research from Monica Monk, Jennifer Anderson-Cruz, Mark Lindflott, Martin Adkins, and others at: the Iowa State Office of the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Des Moines, Iowa. Dave Otis from the US Geological Survey Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Ames, Iowa; Denis White from US Environmental Protection Agency Western Ecology Division, Corvallis, Oregon; and Roger Auch from the US Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Center, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, provided valuable reviews on an earlier version of this paper. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 66 IS 3 BP 67A EP 77A DI 10.2489/jswc.66.3.67A PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 764CS UT WOS:000290606600002 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Causarano, HJ Norfleet, ML AF Franzluebbers, A. J. Causarano, H. J. Norfleet, M. L. TI Soil conditioning index and soil organic carbon in the Midwest and southeastern United States SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE conservation tillage; crop rotation; modeling; no-tillage; organic matter ID GREENHOUSE-GAS CONTRIBUTIONS; LONG-TERM TILLAGE; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; CONTINUOUS CORN; NO-TILL; AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT; CROP RESIDUE; CENTRAL OHIO; SEQUESTRATION; ROTATION AB Calibration of the soil conditioning index (SCI) to a diversify of field studies with known changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) would improve the usefulness of the SCI by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service to assess the environmental services provided by agricultural land stewardship. Our objectives were to (1) calibrate SCI scores against SOC from published field studies in the Midwest and (2) compare the calibration with a recently derived calibration from the southeastern United States. We found that SOC sequestration (at 25 +/- 6 cm [10 +/- 2 in] depth) could be reliably related to SCI across a diversity of studies in the region using the regression slope: 4.52 Mg C ha(-1) SCI(-1) (2.02 tn ac(-1) SCI(-1)), which translated into a rate of 0.35 +/- 0.06 Mg C ha(-1) y(-1) SCI(-1) (314 57 lb ac(-1) yr(-1) SCI(-1)), which is the mean +/- standard error of 18 slope estimates. Calibration slopes did not vary significantly between the Midwest and southeastern United States, resulting in a combined calibration of 0.29 +/- 0.03 Mg C ha(-1) y(-1) SCI(-1) (255 (+/-) 30 lb ac(-1) yr(-1) SCI(-1)), which is the mean +/- standard error of 49 slope estimates. The calibration of SCI scores to SOC will allow SCI to become a quantitative tool for natural resource professionals to predict SOC sequestration for farmers wanting to adopt conservation practices. C1 [Franzluebbers, A. J.] ARS, USDA, Watkinsville, GA USA. [Causarano, H. J.] Natl Univ Asuncion, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. [Norfleet, M. L.] Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Watkinsville, GA USA. FU Cotton Inc. [Agr. 05-712]; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX Financial support was provided in part by Cotton Inc. (Agr. 05-712) and USDA Agricultural Research Service GRACEnet Cross-Location Research Project. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 66 IS 3 BP 178 EP 182 DI 10.2489/jswc.66.3.178 PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 764CS UT WOS:000290606600007 ER PT J AU Wick, AF Merrill, SD Toy, TJ Liebig, MA AF Wick, A. F. Merrill, S. D. Toy, T. J. Liebig, M. A. TI Effect of soil depth and topographic position on plant productivity and community development on 28-year-old reclaimed mine lands SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Northern Great Plains; reclamation regulations; soil wedge; surface mine ID WATER DYNAMICS; DISTURBED SOIL; TOPSOIL; REVEGETATION; THICKNESS; MOVEMENT; VIRGINIA AB Reclamation research has shifted from short- to long-term assessment of mine land reclamation management strategies, wherein previously established study sites are revisited. In this study, we assessed long-term (28 y) relations among reestablished plant communities (production and diversity), replaced soil depth following mining (0.2 to 1.4 m [0.7 to 4.6 ft]), and restored slope position (5% north slope, 2% south) for three different subsoil types (A, B, C; characterized by 43%, 23%, and 14% clay, respectively) on a previously established soil wedge experiment in North Dakota (Merrill et al. 1998). Nonnative seeded species such as crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) and smooth brome (Bromus incrntus) had close to 50% persistence after 28 y, while less aggressive seeded species, such as Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa), were more susceptible to invasion by other species leading to greater plant community diversity (Shannon's Diversity Index [H' = 1.348 and 1.717, respectively]).The most significant plant productivity response to soil depth/topographic position was observed for subsoil C on the south facing 2% slope (r(2) = 0.43; p = 0.03).The two soil parameters measured in this study (electrical conductivity and pH) indicated mine soil profile development through time for both slope position and subsoil type. Specific relations observed in this long-term study were somewhat more difficult to identify compared to earlier short-term studies conducted on this site, providing strong evidence that replaced soil depths should be determined based on soil stabilization and initial establishment of diverse, sustainable plant communities to reduce invasion of undesirable plant species. C1 [Wick, A. F.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Merrill, S. D.; Liebig, M. A.] ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, Mandan, ND USA. [Toy, T. J.] Univ Denver, Dept Geog, Denver, CO USA. RP Wick, AF (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. FU Basin Electric Company FX The authors thank Dave Nilson with Basin Electric Company for funding support, John Hendrickson with the Northern Great Plains Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service, in Mandan, North Dakota, for consultation, Kelly Krabbenhoft and Amanda Prosser with North Dakota State University for field assistance, and Brenda Schladweiler with BKS Environmental Associates for field equipment sup. port and lab assistance. We also thank Gary Halvorson, Scott Kronberg, and George Vance for reviewing the manuscript. The mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations does not imply endorsement by the authors. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 66 IS 3 BP 201 EP 211 DI 10.2489/jswc.66.3.201 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 764CS UT WOS:000290606600010 ER PT J AU Lichtenstein, AH AF Lichtenstein, Alice H. TI The Great Fat Debate: The Importance of Message Translation SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 120 S RIVERSIDE PLZ, STE 2000, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 111 IS 5 BP 667 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jada.2011.03.027 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 765YO UT WOS:000290745500007 PM 21515110 ER PT J AU Johnston, CA Palcic, JL Tyler, C Stansberry, S Reeves, RS Foreyt, JP AF Johnston, Craig A. Palcic, Jennette L. Tyler, Chermaine Stansberry, Sandra Reeves, Rebecca S. Foreyt, John P. TI Increasing Vegetable, Intake in Mexican-American Youth: A Randomized Controlled Trial SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID FRUIT; CONSUMPTION; CHILDREN; WOMEN; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; ACCEPTANCE; CHILDHOOD; BEHAVIORS; PATTERNS AB Despite the health benefits, vegetable intake in youth remains below recommended levels. The purpose of our study was to compare two methods for increasing vegetable consumption. It was hypothesized that participants randomized to both the exposure-only and the pairing condition would increase their vegetable consumption and increase the variety of vegetables consumed. A total of 78 Mexican-American middle school-aged children from a charter school in Houston, TX, were randomized to a pairing condition (n=40) or an exposure-only condition (n=38) during the Spring 2009 semester. Children in the pairing condition were provided a preferred taste (peanut butter) paired with vegetables weekly at school during a nutrition class for 4 months. Children in the exposure-only condition received vegetables weekly during a nutrition class that covered the same material as the pairing condition. After 4 months, the pairing condition participants demonstrated significant increases in vegetable consumption (F=13.40, P<0.001) as well as variety of vegetables eaten (F=13.69, P<0.001) when compared to those in the exposure-only condition. The findings of this study suggest that the pairing of vegetables with a preferred taste, such as peanut butter, may be an effective technique in increasing consumption, especially in children who report being resistant to eating vegetables. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:716-720. C1 [Johnston, Craig A.; Palcic, Jennette L.; Tyler, Chermaine; Stansberry, Sandra] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Reeves, Rebecca S.; Foreyt, John P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med Atherosclerosis & Vasc Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Johnston, CA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat Nutr, 6655 Travis,Mail Stop 320, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM caj@bcm.edu FU US Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Research Service) [2533759358] FX This work was supported by a grant from the US Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Research Service grant no. 2533759358). Randomized Controlled Trial registration no. NCT00454610. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 120 S RIVERSIDE PLZ, STE 2000, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 111 IS 5 BP 716 EP 720 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2011.02.006 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 765YO UT WOS:000290745500015 PM 21515118 ER PT J AU Hulcr, J Adams, AS Raffa, K Hofstetter, RW Klepzig, KD Currie, CR AF Hulcr, Jiri Adams, Aaron S. Raffa, Kenneth Hofstetter, Richard W. Klepzig, Kier D. Currie, Cameron R. TI Presence and Diversity of Streptomyces in Dendroctonus and Sympatric Bark Beetle Galleries Across North America SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE; FUNGUS-GROWING ANTS; LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; COLEOPTERA-CURCULIONIDAE; FRONTALIS ZIMMERMANN; SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PONDEROSAE; COMMUNITIES; SCOLYTINAE AB Recent studies have revealed several examples of intimate associations between insects and Actinobacteria, including the Southern Pine Beetle Dendroctonus frontalis and the Spruce Beetle Dendroctonus rufipennis. Here, we surveyed Streptomyces Actinobacteria co-occurring with 10 species of Dendroctonus bark beetles across the United States, using both phylogenetic and community ecology approaches. From these 10 species, and 19 other scolytine beetles that occur in the same trees, we obtained 154 Streptomyces-like isolates and generated 16S sequences from 134 of those. Confirmed 16S sequences of Streptomyces were binned into 36 distinct strains using a threshold of 0.2% sequence divergence. The 16S rDNA phylogeny of all isolates does not correlate with the distribution of strains among beetle species, localities, or parts of the beetles or their galleries. However, we identified three Streptomyces strains occurring repeatedly on Dendroctonus beetles and in their galleries. Identity of these isolates was corroborated using a house-keeping gene sequence (efTu). These strains are not confined to a certain species of beetle, locality, or part of the beetle or their galleries. However, their role as residents in the woodboring insect niche is supported by the repeated association of their 16S and efTu from across the continent, and also having been reported in studies of other subcortical insects. C1 [Hulcr, Jiri] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Adams, Aaron S.; Raffa, Kenneth] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hofstetter, Richard W.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Klepzig, Kier D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, US Dept Energy DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Currie, CR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, 4325 Microbial Sci Bldg,1550 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM currie@bact.wisc.edu FU USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; NSF-Microbial Observatories [MCB-0702025] FX This project would not be possible without the assistance of many colleagues and field assistants. We thank Brian Strom, Paul Merten, Jason Moan, Jesse Pfammatter, Anthony Cognato, and Andrea Lucky for their assistance with collecting. We thank Rob Dugenske, Joe Moeller, Laura Schwab, and many other members of the Currie lab for their help with laboratory work. The project was funded by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494), and NSF-Microbial Observatories (MCB-0702025). NR 47 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 61 IS 4 BP 759 EP 768 DI 10.1007/s00248-010-9797-0 PG 10 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 766UI UT WOS:000290811600005 PM 21249352 ER PT J AU Samuels, GJ Ismaiel, A AF Samuels, Gary J. Ismaiel, Adnan TI Hypocrea peltata: a mycological Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde? SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Hypocreaceae; Hypocreales; medical mycology; peptaibols; shiitake; systematics ID MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; ANTIBIOTIC PEPTIDES; FUNGAL METABOLITES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RIBOSOMAL DNA; HYPELCIN-A; TRICHODERMA; IDENTIFICATION; PHYLOGENY; TAXONOMY AB Hypocrea peltata (Pezizomycotina, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) is a common, widespread essentially subtropical species, with an uncharacteristically large stroma and asci containing four large and four small bicellular ascospores. Its only anamorph consists of indehiscent aleuriospores; it does not form a Trichoderma anamorph, which is typical of most Trichoderma Hypocrea species..Hypocrea peltata grows very well at 37 C. The large stromata and failure to form a Trichoderma anamorph could lead one to doubt its generic placement. However sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), 28S nuclear large subunit (LSU) of rDNA and RNA polymerase subunit II (rpb2) regions indicate that it represents a unique lineage within Trichoderma/Hypocrea. ITS and rbp2 sequences derived from cultures of H. peltata are identical to the "unidentified Hypocreaceae" reported in the literature as being isolated from lung of a patient with non-fatal pulmonary fibrosis. C1 [Samuels, Gary J.; Ismaiel, Adnan] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Samuels, GJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Room 213,B-010A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary.samuels@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 616 EP 630 DI 10.3852/10-227 PG 15 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 764CH UT WOS:000290605500015 PM 21262986 ER PT J AU Wilson, RS Winter, PL Maguire, LA Ascher, T AF Wilson, Robyn S. Winter, Patricia L. Maguire, Lynn A. Ascher, Timothy TI Managing Wildfire Events: Risk-Based Decision Making Among a Group of Federal Fire Managers SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Discounting; experience; loss aversion; risk attitude; wildfire ID POLICY; CONSEQUENCES; JUDGMENT; BIASES; COSTS AB Managing wildfire events to achieve multiple management objectives involves a high degree of decision complexity and uncertainty, increasing the likelihood that decisions will be informed by experience-based heuristics triggered by available cues at the time of the decision. The research reported here tests the prevalence of three risk-based biases among 206 individuals in the USDA Forest Service with authority to choose how to manage a wildfire event (i.e., line officers and incident command personnel). The results indicate that the subjects exhibited loss aversion, choosing the safe option more often when the consequences of the choice were framed as potential gains, but this tendency was less pronounced among those with risk seeking attitudes. The subjects also exhibited discounting, choosing to minimize short-term over long-term risk due to a belief that future risk could be controlled, but this tendency was less pronounced among those with more experience. Finally, the subjects, in particular those with more experience, demonstrated a status quo bias, choosing suppression more often when their reported status quo was suppression. The results of this study point to a need to carefully construct the decision process to ensure that the uncertainty and conflicting objectives inherent in wildfire management do not result in the overuse of common heuristics. Individual attitudes toward risk or an agency culture of risk aversion may counterbalance such heuristics, whereas increased experience may lead to overconfident intuitive judgments and a failure to incorporate new and relevant information into the decision. C1 [Wilson, Robyn S.; Ascher, Timothy] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Winter, Patricia L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Maguire, Lynn A.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Wilson, RS (reprint author), 2021 Coffey Rd,210 Kottman Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM wilson.1376@osu.edu OI Wilson, Robyn/0000-0002-0092-9632 FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station-Riverside FX This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station-Riverside. The authors thank Armando Gonzalez-Caban, Ph.D., for multiple reviews of the survey instrument and article, as well as Elke Schuster and David Olson for compiling the manager database and preparing the data for analysis. Finally, the authors thank the fire managers who took the time to participate in the survey. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 31 IS 5 BP 805 EP 818 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01534.x PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 765EI UT WOS:000290685800012 PM 21143258 ER PT J AU Nemes, A Pachepsky, YA Timlin, DJ AF Nemes, Attila Pachepsky, Yakov A. Timlin, Dennis J. TI Toward Improving Global Estimates of Field Soil Water Capacity SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; AVAILABLE WATER; RETENTION; LIMITS; LAND AB Field capacity or field water capacity (FC) is defined as the water content of a soil following saturation with water and aft er free drainage is negligible. Different recommendations exist worldwide on which, if any, pressure should be used in laboratory measurements to approximate the FC of the soil. Research has oft en deemed any such pressures to be inadequate to approximate FC for soils of all textures. We used a data collection from the literature to evaluate if corrections can be made to improve the estimation of FC from -33 kPa water retention (W33). Regression tree modeling coupled with jack-knife cross-validation was used to identify the best predictors-sand, silt, clay and the measured W33 value-to estimate the difference between W33 and FC. Such predictions were then used to adjust the W33 value as the estimate of FC. An improvement in estimating FC was seen in general statistical terms, and texture-specific bias was also greatly reduced. This solution may allow the reliable use of a single pressure in the laboratory to approximate FC, which may be the only feasible option for large-scale studies. C1 [Nemes, Attila] Univ Maryland, Dep Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pachepsky, Yakov A.] USDA ARS, Environ Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Timlin, Dennis J.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nemes, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dep Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM attila.nemes@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 17 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 3 BP 807 EP 812 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0251 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767KW UT WOS:000290856500005 ER PT J AU Rogovska, N Laird, D Cruse, R Fleming, P Parkin, T Meek, D AF Rogovska, Natalia Laird, David Cruse, Richard Fleming, Pierce Parkin, Tim Meek, David TI Impact of Biochar on Manure Carbon Stabilization and Greenhouse Gas Emissions SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSION; SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS; BLACK CARBON; N2O EMISSIONS; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; CHARCOAL; NITRIFICATION; DENITRIFICATION; SEQUESTRATION; COMPACTION AB Previous studies indicate that biochar additions sometimes increase soil respiration and CO(2) emissions which could partially off set C credits associated with soil biochar applications. Little is known, however, about the impact of biochar on the mineralization of manure in soil systems and how interactions between biochar and manure impact C sequestration and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soils. We studied the effect of biochar and dried swine manure additions on changes in soil bulk density (D(b)), total soil organic carbon (SOC), and emissions of N(2)O and CO(2) during a 500-d soil column incubation study. The addition of biochar to the soil increased SOC content measured aft er the 500-d incubation by 17.6 to 68.8%, depending on the treatment. Biochar additions reduced N(2)O emissions measured once near the end of the incubation. The N(2)O emissions were weakly correlated with D(b), suggesting that enhanced soil aeration contributed to the reductions in N(2)O emissions. Biochar additions consistently increased CO(2) emissions (measured 13 times during the incubation) relative to no-biochar controls with cumulative CO(2)-C emissions equivalent to 17 to 23% of biochar C applied. However, a distinct biochar-by-manure interaction for CO(2) flux indicated that biochar either helped stabilize manure C or the presence of manure reduced the effect of biochar on the mineralization of SOC. For the studied system, we conclude that biochar additions sequestered large amounts of highly stable C, reduced N(2)O emissions, increased CO(2) emissions from the soils, and reduced rates of CO(2) emissions following a manure addition. C1 [Rogovska, Natalia; Laird, David; Cruse, Richard] Iowa State Univ, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Fleming, Pierce; Parkin, Tim; Meek, David] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environ, Ames, IA USA. RP Laird, D (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dalaird@iastate.edu RI Laird, David/E-8598-2014 NR 60 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 3 U2 101 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 3 BP 871 EP 879 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0270 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767KW UT WOS:000290856500012 ER PT J AU Sharratt, B AF Sharratt, Brenton TI Size Distribution of Windblown Sediment Emitted from Agricultural Fields in the Columbia Plateau SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WIND EROSION; AIR-QUALITY; DUST; SOIL; CALIBRATION; PARTICLES; FLUXES; TUNNEL; STORMS; LANDS AB Windblown sediment resulting from erosion of agricultural land has impaired visibility and threatened human health in the U. S. Inland Pacific Northwest. There is, however, a lack of information on the size distribution of windblown sediment originating from these lands. Passive collectors were used to trap windblown sediment from heights of 0 to 1.5 m above eroding agricultural fields. Sediment collected during one high-wind event in each of 7 yr was separated into <= 10-, 11- to 32-, 33- to 45-, 46- to 100-, and >100-mu m-diameter size fractions. Windblown sediment trapped nearer the soil surface was more characteristic of the erodible portion of the in situ parent soil. Vertical size gradation of windblown sediment was evidenced by a decrease in mass of the 46- to 100- and >100-mu m size fractions and increase in mass of the <= 10- and 11- to 32-<=mu m size fractions with height from the soil surface. Trends in the sediment size distribution with height suggested that sediment <= 32 mu m in diameter was transported primarily by suspension, sediment 33 to 45 mu m in diameter was transported by saltation and suspension, and sediment >45 mu m in diameter was transported primarily by creep and saltation. In addition, the size of windblown sediment observed at all heights above the soil surface was found to increase with increasing wind velocity. A large fraction of windblown sediment was comprised of suspension-sized aggregates and particles, thus mitigation strategies to control wind erosion in the Columbia Plateau must promote aggregation of the suspension component (<= 32-mu m diameter) of the parent soil or shelter the suspension component at the soil surface from high winds. C1 Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sharratt, B (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 215 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM brenton.sharratt@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 3 BP 1054 EP 1060 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0337 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767KW UT WOS:000290856500029 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Hernandez-Ramirez, G Armstrong, SD Bucholtz, DL Stott, DE AF Smith, D. R. Hernandez-Ramirez, G. Armstrong, S. D. Bucholtz, D. L. Stott, D. E. TI Fertilizer and Tillage Management Impacts on Non-Carbon-Dioxide Greenhouse Gas Emissions SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; CORN-BELT; CROPPING SYSTEMS; LAND-USE; SOIL; METHANE; FLUXES; ROTATION; MANURE; N2O AB Recent efforts have attempted to establish emission estimates for greenhouse gas (GHGs) from agricultural soils in the United States. This research project was conducted to assess the influence of cropping system management on non-CO(2) GHG emissions from an eastern Corn Belt Alfisol. Corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation plots were established, as were plots in continuous management of native grasses or sorghum-sudan-grass [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench nothossp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse]. Greenhouse gas fluxes were monitored throughout each growing season from 2004 through 2007. Fluxes of N(2)O were significantly correlated with soil temperature (P < 0.001), and thus a temperature (Q(10)) correction was made (3.48 for N(2)O). Nitrous oxide emissions from corn were lowest from the precision tillage treatment (2.4 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)), significantly lower than the conventional tillage (4.9 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) or cover crop corn treatments (5.0 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)). Corn-soybean and biomass-based cropping systems resulted in significantly greater N(2)O emissions than native grasses. There was a positive correlation between the N fertilization rate and N(2)O emissions when comparing all treatments in this study. These soils were typically a sink for atmospheric CH(4) for these cropping systems, and thus N(2)O is the primary non-CO(2) GHGs of concern. When evaluating the entire cropping system, native grasses resulted in the lowest N(2)O emissions, while a corn-soybean rotation planted with precision tillage resulted in N(2)O emissions similar to bare soil and were significantly lower than emissions from the other cropping systems assessed. C1 [Smith, D. R.; Armstrong, S. D.; Bucholtz, D. L.; Stott, D. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Hernandez-Ramirez, G.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, Canterbury Agr & Sci Ctr, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, 275 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM Douglas.R.Smith@ars.usda.gov RI Stott, Diane/A-1270-2010; Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/I-5429-2013 OI Stott, Diane/0000-0002-6397-3315; Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/0000-0001-8225-5813 NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 50 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 3 BP 1070 EP 1082 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0354 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767KW UT WOS:000290856500031 ER PT J AU Shainberg, I Goldstein, D Mamedov, AI Levy, GJ AF Shainberg, Isaac Goldstein, D. Mamedov, A. I. Levy, G. J. TI Granular and Dissolved Polyacrylamide Effects on Hydraulic Conductivity of a Fine Sand and a Silt Loam SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL AMENDMENTS; WATER CHEMISTRY; INFILTRATION; EROSION; IRRIGATION; MANAGEMENT; ADSORPTION; QUALITY; GYPSUM; PAM AB The impact of a linear, high molecular weight, moderate negative charge density polyacrylamide (PAM) on soil hydraulic conductivity (HC) and the mechanisms involved are partially understood. Our objectives were to evaluate the impact of (i) electrolyte concentration of the PAM solution, (ii) mode of PAM application, and (iii) drying of the applied PAM solution on the HC of a fine sand and a silt loam. We exposed the two media to (i) leaching with deionized water (DW) or a 0.01 mol L(-1) CaCl(2) solution, both containing 25 mg L(-1) PAM, and (ii) leaching with DW aft er addition of either 2 g m(-2) of dry PAM granules (with or without gypsum) to the soil surface, or an equivalent amount of PAM in solution (with or without drying) to the soil column before leaching. For both media, leaching the columns with DW containing PAM resulted in a significantly lower steady-state HC (HCss, <0.10 cm h(-1)) than the HCss obtained for leaching with DW only. In the silt loam, replacing the PAM in the 0.01 mol L(-1) CaCl(2) solution with DW resulted in a moderate decline in the HC. Leaching the soil with DW aft er adding granular PAM to the surface resulted in a HCss of 0.18 cm h(-1), while aft er adding a concentrated PAM solution the HCss was 0.11 cm h(-1). Drying of the added PAM solution before leaching led to a twofold increase in the HCss. The adverse impact of PAM on the HC was ascribed to the extension of the unadsorbed segments of the PAM chains into the pores, thus creating a drag on the flowing water. C1 [Shainberg, Isaac; Goldstein, D.; Levy, G. J.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Soil Water & Environ Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Mamedov, A. I.] USDA ARS, Eng & Wind Eros Resear Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Levy, GJ (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Soil Water & Environ Sci, POB 6, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. EM vwguy@volcani.agri.gov.il NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 75 IS 3 BP 1090 EP 1098 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0293 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 767KW UT WOS:000290856500033 ER PT J AU Vick, BD Clark, RN AF Vick, Brian D. Clark, R. Nolan TI Experimental investigation of solar powered diaphragm and helical pumps SO SOLAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Solar water pumping; Pump; Photovoltaics; Efficiency; Diaphragm pump; Helical pump ID SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE AB For several years, many types of solar powered water pumping systems were evaluated, and in this paper, diaphragm and helical solar photovoltaic (PV) powered water pumping systems are discussed. Data were collected on diaphragm and helical pumps which were powered by different solar PV arrays at multiple pumping depths to determine the pumping performance, efficiency, and reliability of the different systems. The highest diaphragm pump hydraulic efficiency measured was similar to 48%, and the highest helical pump hydraulic efficiency measured was similar to 60%. The peak total system efficiency (e.g. solar radiation to pumped water) measured for the diaphragm and helical pumps were similar to 5% and similar to 7%, respectively (based on PV modules with similar to 12% efficiency). The daily water volume of the three-chamber high head diaphragm pump performed better than the dual-chamber high head diaphragm pump (similar to 5 to similar to 100% depending on PV array input power and pumping depth). Use of a controller was shown to improve the quad diaphragm pump performance below a solar irradiance of 600 W/m(2) (20 m head) to 800 W/m(2) (30 m head). While diaphragm pumps made mostly of plastic demonstrated similar to much better pumping performance than diaphragm pumps made with a high proportion of metal, the metal pumps demonstrated a longer service life (>2 years) than the plastic pumps service life (<2 years). Helical pumps analyzed in this paper were capable of deeper pumping depths and usually demonstrated a longer service life than the diaphragm pumps that were analyzed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vick, Brian D.; Clark, R. Nolan] USDA ARS, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Vick, BD (reprint author), USDA ARS, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM Brian.Vick@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-092X J9 SOL ENERGY JI Sol. Energy PD MAY PY 2011 VL 85 IS 5 BP 945 EP 954 DI 10.1016/j.solener.2011.02.011 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 764PJ UT WOS:000290644000024 ER PT J AU Edwards, JV Prevost, N Condon, B Sethumadhavan, K Ullah, J Bopp, A AF Edwards, J. Vincent Prevost, Nicolette Condon, Brian Sethumadhavan, Kandan Ullah, Jaffor Bopp, Alvin TI Immobilization of Lysozyme on Cotton Fabrics: Synthesis, Characterization, and Activity SO AATCC REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial; Carbodiimide; Cotton; Covalent Attachment; Immobilization; Lysozyme ID EGG-WHITE LYSOZYME; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; CELLULOSE-FIBERS; DI-SACCHARIDES; CELL WALLS; CHITOSAN; ENZYMES; ACID; ENHANCEMENT; HYDROLYSIS AB Lysozyme was attached to three cotton fabrics through a glycine amino acid linker esterified to cotton cellulose. Lysozyme bound to cotton twill using a carbodiimide-mediated coupling reaction gave the best lysozyme incorporation (16.1 mg/g of cotton). Cotton spunlace nonwoven fabric bound slightly less lysozyme (12.8 mg/g of cotton), but had the best antimicrobial activity. Woven print cloth bound the least lysozyme (4 mg/g of cotton). Characterization of lysozyme on the fabric was performed using Fourier transform infrared and nitrogen analysis. Increases in amide I and amide II infrared frequencies were evident with increased lysozyme incorporation. Lysozyme-cellulose conjugate activity was assessed with a turbidity clearing assay using Micrococcus lysodeikticus. The order of lysozyrne-fabric antimicrobial activity was nonwoven > twill > print cloth. C1 [Edwards, J. Vincent] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Bopp, Alvin] So Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Edwards, JV (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Vince.Edwards@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC TEXTILE CHEMISTS COLORISTS PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12215, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 1532-8813 J9 AATCC REV JI AATCC Rev. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 11 IS 3 BP 73 EP 79 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 764CD UT WOS:000290605100008 ER PT J AU Welch, TJ Verner-Jeffreys, DW Dalsgaard, I Wiklund, T Evenhuis, JP Cabrera, JAG Hinshaw, JM Drennan, JD LaPatra, SE AF Welch, Timothy J. Verner-Jeffreys, David W. Dalsgaard, Inger Wiklund, Thomas Evenhuis, Jason P. Garcia Cabrera, Jose A. Hinshaw, Jeffrey M. Drennan, John D. LaPatra, Scott E. TI Independent Emergence of Yersinia ruckeri Biotype 2 in the United States and Europe SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; GENOME SEQUENCE; HOST; FLAGELLIN; EVOLUTION; PLASMID; PESTIS; EXPRESSION; CHALLENGE AB Biotype 2 (BT2) variants of the bacterium Yersinia ruckeri are an increasing disease problem in U. S. and European aquaculture and have been characterized as serovar 1 isolates that lack both peritrichous flagella and secreted phospholipase activity. The emergence of this biotype has been associated with an increased frequency of enteric redmouth disease (ERM) outbreaks in previously vaccinated salmonid fish. In this study, four independent specific natural mutations that cause the loss of both motility and secreted lipase activity were identified in BT2 strains from the United States, United Kingdom, and mainland Europe. Each of these was a unique mutation in either fliR, flhA, or flhB, all of which are genes predicted to encode essential components of the flagellar secretion apparatus. Our results demonstrate the existence of independent mutations leading to the BT2 phenotype; thus, this phenotype has emerged separately at least four times. In addition, BT2 strains from the United Kingdom were shown to have the same mutant allele found in U. S. BT2 strains, suggesting a common origin of this BT2 lineage. This differentiation of distinct BT2 lineages is of critical importance for the development and validation of alternative vaccines or other treatment strategies intended for the control of BT2 strains. C1 [Welch, Timothy J.; Evenhuis, Jason P.] ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Verner-Jeffreys, David W.] Cefas Weymouth Lab, Weymouth DT4 8UB, Dorset, England. [Dalsgaard, Inger] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Vet Inst, Div Vet Diagnost & Res, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark. [Wiklund, Thomas] Abo Akad Univ, Lab Aquat Pathobiol Marine & Environm Biol, Turku, Finland. [Garcia Cabrera, Jose A.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Hinshaw, Jeffrey M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol, Mills River, NC 28759 USA. [Drennan, John D.] Intervet Schering Plough Anim Hlth, Elkhorn, NE 68022 USA. [LaPatra, Scott E.] Clear Springs Foods Inc, Div Res, Buhl, ID USA. RP Welch, TJ (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM tim.welch@ars.usda.gov OI Welch, Tim/0000-0003-1096-3006 NR 44 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 77 IS 10 BP 3493 EP 3499 DI 10.1128/AEM.02997-10 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 762JT UT WOS:000290473200039 PM 21441334 ER PT J AU Callaway, RM Bedmar, EJ Reinhart, KO Silvan, CG Klironomos, J AF Callaway, Ragan M. Bedmar, Eulogio J. Reinhart, Kurt O. Gomez Silvan, Cinta Klironomos, John TI Effects of soil biota from different ranges on Robinia invasion: acquiring mutualists and escaping pathogens SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF; black locust tree; exotic plant invasion; feedbacks; mutualism; nitrogen fixation; pathogens; phylogeny; Pythium sp.; Robinia pseudoacacia; soil biota ID EXOTIC PLANT INVASION; BLACK LOCUST; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; PRUNUS-SEROTINA; PSEUDOACACIA; COMMUNITIES; FEEDBACK; GRASS; POLYMERASE; EVOLUTION AB The net effects of soil biota on exotic invaders can be variable, in part, because net effects are produced by many interacting mutualists and antagonists. Here we compared mutualistic and antagonistic biota in soils collected in the native, expanded, and invasive range of the black locust tree, Robinia pseudoacacia. Robinia formed nodules in all soils with a broad phylogenetic range of N-fixing bacteria, and leaf N did not differ among the different sources of soil. This suggests that the global expansion of Robinia was not limited by the lack of appropriate mutualistic N-fixers. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from the native range stimulated stronger positive feedbacks than AMF from the expanded or invasive ranges, a biogeographic difference not described previously for invasive plants. Pythium taxa collected from soil in the native range were not more pathogenic than those from other ranges; however, feedbacks produced by the total soil biota were more negative from soils from the native range than from the other ranges, overriding the effects of AMF. This suggests that escape from other pathogens in the soil or the net negative effects of the whole soil community may contribute to superior performance in invaded regions. Our results suggest that important regional evolutionary relationships may occur among plants and soil biota, and that net effects of soil biota may affect invasion, but in ways that are not easily explained by studying isolated components of the soil biota. C1 [Callaway, Ragan M.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Bedmar, Eulogio J.; Gomez Silvan, Cinta] CSIC, Estn Expt Zaidin, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Reinhart, Kurt O.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Klironomos, John] Univ British Columbia Okanagan, Biol & Phys Geog Unit, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. RP Callaway, RM (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM ray.callaway@mso.umt.edu RI Reinhart, Kurt/A-6730-2010; Gomez-Silvan, Cinta/F-7350-2016; OI Gomez-Silvan, Cinta/0000-0001-5534-5784; Gomez-Silvan, Cinta/0000-0002-9410-4577 FU National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program; USFS Fire Sciences Laboratory; USDA; Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [SERDP]; NSF; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; Civilian Research and Development Foundation; University of Montana Office of Sponsored Research FX This study was supported by grants awarded to R. M. Callaway (USFS Fire Sciences Laboratory, USDA, Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [SERDP], NSF, Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, Civilian Research and Development Foundation, and the University of Montana Office of Sponsored Research). A fellowship was awarded to K. O. Reinhart from the National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program. NR 54 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 7 U2 103 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD MAY PY 2011 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1027 EP 1035 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 763DK UT WOS:000290534300004 PM 21661564 ER PT J AU Corella, D Tai, ES Sorli, JV Chew, SK Coltell, O Sotos-Prieto, M Garcia-Rios, A Estruch, R Ordovas, JM AF Corella, D. Tai, E. S. Sorli, J. V. Chew, S. K. Coltell, O. Sotos-Prieto, M. Garcia-Rios, A. Estruch, R. Ordovas, J. M. TI Association between the APOA2 promoter polymorphism and body weight in Mediterranean and Asian populations: replication of a gene-saturated fat interaction SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE gene-diet interaction; insulin resistance; saturated fat; APOA2 ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-II; DIABETES-SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES; GENOME-WIDE SEARCH; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; TRANSGENIC MICE; FTO GENE; CHROMOSOME 1Q21-Q24; ADULT OBESITY AB Objective: The APOA2 gene has been associated with obesity and insulin resistance (IR) in animal and human studies with controversial results. We have reported an APOA2-saturated fat interaction determining body mass index (BMI) and obesity in American populations. This work aims to extend our findings to European and Asian populations. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 4602 subjects from two independent populations: a high-cardiovascular risk Mediterranean population (n = 907 men and women; aged 67 +/- 6 years) and a multiethnic Asian population (n = 2506 Chinese, n = 605 Malays and n = 494 Asian Indians; aged 39 +/- 12 years) participating in a Singapore National Health Survey. Anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, lifestyle and dietary variables were determined. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was used in Asians. We analyzed gene-diet interactions between the APOA2 = 265T > C polymorphism and saturated fat intake (< or >= 22 g per day) on anthropometric measures and IR. Results: Frequency of CC (homozygous for the minor allele) subjects differed among populations (1-15%). We confirmed a recessive effect of the APOA2 polymorphism and replicated the APOA2-saturated fat interaction on body weight. In Mediterranean individuals, the CC genotype was associated with a 6.8% greater BMI in those consuming a high (P - 0.018), but not a low (P = 0.316) saturated fat diet. Likewise, the CC genotype was significantly associated with higher obesity prevalence in Chinese and Asian Indians only, with a high-saturated fat intake (P = 0.036). We also found a significant APOA2-saturated fat interaction in determining IR in Chinese and Asian Indians (P 0.026). Conclusion: The influence of the APOA2 -265T > C polymorphism on body-weight-related measures was modulated by saturated fat in Mediterranean and Asian populations. International Journal of Obesity (2011) 35, 666-675; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2010.187; published online 26 October 2010 C1 [Corella, D.; Coltell, O.; Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Corella, D.; Sorli, J. V.; Sotos-Prieto, M.] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Valencia, Spain. [Corella, D.; Sorli, J. V.; Sotos-Prieto, M.; Garcia-Rios, A.; Estruch, R.; Ordovas, J. M.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain. [Tai, E. S.] Singapore Gen Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Singapore 0316, Singapore. [Chew, S. K.] Minist Hlth, Epidemiol & Dis Control Div, Singapore, Singapore. [Coltell, O.] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Comp Languages & Syst, Castellon de La Plana, Spain. [Garcia-Rios, A.] Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba, Spain. [Estruch, R.] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Dept Internal Med, Barcelona, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] CNIC, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu RI SOTOS PRIETO, MERCEDES/F-9180-2013; OI Tai, E Shyong/0000-0003-2929-8966 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U 01 HL72524, HL-54776]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [PR2008-268, PR2009-392]; Generalitat Valenciana [GVACOMP2010-181, BEST10-211, BEST10-032]; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares [CNIC06]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain [CIBER CB06/03/0035, RD07/0067/0006, PI0890002, PI070954] FX This work was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants U 01 HL72524 and HL-54776, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, grant number DK075030 and by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research Service and grant from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (PR2008-268 and PR2009-392), the Generalitat Valenciana (GVACOMP2010-181, BEST10-211 and BEST10-032), the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC06) and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER CB06/03/0035, RD07/0067/0006, PI0890002 and PI070954), Spain. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 666 EP 675 DI 10.1038/ijo.2010.187 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 762WX UT WOS:000290514000006 PM 20975728 ER PT J AU Zwart, SR Booth, SL Peterson, JW Wang, ZW Smith, SM AF Zwart, Sara R. Booth, Sarah L. Peterson, James W. Wang, Zuwei Smith, Scott M. TI Vitamin K Status in Spaceflight and Ground-Based Models of Spaceflight SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE VITAMIN K; BONE LOSS; BONE TURNOVER MARKERS; SPACEFLIGHT; BED REST ID DOWN BED REST; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; SPACE-FLIGHT; UNDERCARBOXYLATED OSTEOCALCIN; BONE HEALTH; DIETARY PHYLLOQUINONE; ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY; CALCIUM-METABOLISM; HUMANS; STATION AB Bone loss is a well-documented change during and after long-duration spaceflight. Many types of countermeasures to bone loss have been proposed, including vitamin K supplementation. The objective of this series of studies was to measure change in vitamin K status in response to microgravity under a variety of spaceflight and spaceflight analog (model) conditions, including long-duration spaceflight studies (n = 15), three bed rest studies (n = 15, 49, and 24), and a 14-day saturation dive (n = 6). In crew members who flew 2-6 months on the International Space Station, in-flight and postflight plasma phylloquinone concentrations were unchanged from the preflight mean. Consistent with this finding, urinary gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (GLA), a measure of vitamin K-dependent protein turnover, did not change in response to flight. Serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (%ucOC), a measure of vitamin K function, was generally unchanged in response to flight. Spaceflight findings were corroborated by findings of no changes in phylloquinone, urinary GLA, or %ucOC during or after bed rest in three separate bed rest studies (21-90 days in duration) or after a 14-day saturation dive. The data presented here do not support either a need for vitamin K supplementation during spaceflight or the suggestion of using vitamin K as a bone loss countermeasure in spaceflight. (C) 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Zwart, Sara R.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Div Space Life Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Booth, Sarah L.; Peterson, James W.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wang, Zuwei] Enterprise Advisory Serv Inc, Houston, TX USA. [Smith, Scott M.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Human Adaptat & Countermeasures Div, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Smith, SM (reprint author), NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Attn Mail Code SK3,2101 NASA Pkwy, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM scott.m.smith@nasa.gov FU NASA; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707]; National Institutes of Health [DK069341] FX The studies described here were funded by the NASA Human Research Program and specifically the International Space Station Medical Project, the Flight Analogs Project, and the Non-exercise Physiological Countermeasures Project. Support for these efforts at the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging at Tufts University came from the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-1950-7-707, and the National Institutes of Health (DK069341). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 26 IS 5 BP 948 EP 954 DI 10.1002/jbmr.289 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 762NQ UT WOS:000290486800007 PM 21541997 ER PT J AU Wheeler, GS Taylor, GS Gaskin, JF Purcell, MF AF Wheeler, G. S. Taylor, G. S. Gaskin, J. F. Purcell, M. F. TI Ecology and Management of Sheoak (Casuarina spp.), an Invader of Coastal Florida, USA SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Australian pine; invasive species; biological control; weeds ID WEED BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; INVASION; HYBRIDIZATION; CALIFORNIA; PLANTS; DIVERSITY; REMOVAL; POLLEN AB WHEELER, G.S.; TAYLOR, G.S.; GASKIN, J.F., and PURCELL, M.F., 2011. Ecology and management of sheoak (Casuarina spp.), an invader of coastal Florida, U.S.A. Journal of Coastal Research, 27(3), 485-492. West Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The Casuarina spp. are invasive plants in Florida that threaten biological diversity and beach integrity of coastal habitats. The trees include three species and their hybrids that aggressively invade riverine and coastal areas. Of the three species, C. equisetifolia and C. glauca are highly salt tolerant and widespread in coastal areas. The third species, C. cunninghamiana, invades riverine habitats. These species pose dangers to both the environment and public safety. The environmental damage includes interfering with nesting by endangered sea turtles, American crocodiles, and the rare swallow-tailed kite. Additionally, allelochemical leachates reduce germination and establishment of native vegetation. Casuarina-infested beaches are more prone to sand loss and erosion. Moreover, with shallow roots and tall canopies, they are among the first trees to fall in high winds and as such restrict evacuation efforts during hurricanes. Control of these species is mostly with herbicides, requiring repeated applications and monitoring. One of the most cost-effective means of controlling these invasive species would be with classical biological control. Australian surveys for potential biological control agents began in 2004, resulting in the discovery of several promising candidates. These include seed-feeding torymid wasps, defoliating caterpillars and weevils, leaf tip gall-formers from cecidomyiid midges, and sap-feeding psyllids. Continued work is needed to determine the suitability of these species for biological control. Despite conflicts of interest expressed by some homeowners and the agricultural industry who value the trees for shade and windbreaks, there are good prospects for safe and effective biological control of these invasive species. C1 [Wheeler, G. S.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Taylor, G. S.] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Evolutionary Biol & Biodivers, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Taylor, G. S.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Gaskin, J. F.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Purcell, M. F.] ARS, USDA, Australian Biol Control Lab, CSIRO Entomol, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. RP Wheeler, GS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RI Purcell, Matthew/C-2098-2008 FU Florida Department of Environmental Protection [SL849]; National Park Service, South Florida Water Management District [3600001096]; USDA/ARS/IPRL Ft. Lauderdale, Florida FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to Don Schmitz, Tony Pernas, and LeRoy Rodgers for encouragement and support for this project. We are also grateful to funds provided by Florida Department of Environmental Protection (# SL849), the National Park Service, South Florida Water Management District (# 3600001096), and the USDA/ARS/IPRL Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. NR 76 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 24 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 27 IS 3 BP 485 EP 492 DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-09-00110.1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 764PY UT WOS:000290645600009 ER PT J AU De Lucca, AJ Pauli, A Schilcher, H Sien, T Bhatnagar, D Walsh, TJ AF De Lucca, Anthony J. Pauli, Alexander Schilcher, Heinz Sien, Tin Bhatnagar, Deepak Walsh, Thomas J. TI Fungicidal and Bactericidal Properties of Bisabolol and Dragosantol SO JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arnica longifolia; Aster hesperius; Chrysothamnus nauseosus; essential oils; alpha-bisabolol; dragosantol; antimicrobial ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ALPHA-BISABOLOL; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ESSENTIAL OILS; INFECTIONS; ALCOHOLS AB alpha-Bisabolol, a natural plant sesquiterpene alcohol, and dragosantol, a racemic mixture of synthetic bisabolol, were studied for their fungicidal properties separately against the nongerminated and germinating conidia of several species of Aspergillus and Fusarium which represent problems in agriculture and medicine. Bactericidal assays against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were also performed. Compared to the controls, both compounds displayed statistically significant (p < 0.001) lethality for the tested microorganisms. alpha-Bisabolol and dragosantol produced nearly 98% viability loss against the germinating conidia of A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, F. oxysporum, E solani, and E verticillioides (formerly E moniliforme) at, or below, 10 mu M. The viability of nongerminated E oxysporum conidia was significantly reduced. Both compounds showed very rapid and significant reduction of P. aeruginosa viability at 7.5 mu M. Staphylococcus aureus was more resistant to these compounds though significant viability loss occurred after 2 h incubation at 12.5 mu M. Minimum inhibition concentration studies (NCCIS Method-38A) showed that bisabolol inhibited the growth of clinical isolates of the dermatophytic pathogens Trichophyton tonsurans (2-8 mu g/mL), T. mentogrophytes (2-4 mu g/mL), T rubrum (0-1 mu g/mL) and Microsporum cants (0.5-2.0 mu g/mL). Results showed alpha-bisabolol and dragosantol have potent fungicidal and bactericidal properties against the tested strains. Because both compounds are safe for use in cosmetics, the data presented here suggest potential utility as antimicrobials in cosmetics, food and as a topical antifungal treatment. C1 [De Lucca, Anthony J.; Bhatnagar, Deepak] ARS, Food & Feed Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Pauli, Alexander] Review Sci, Zirndorf, Germany. [Schilcher, Heinz] Free Univ Berlin, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. [Sien, Tin] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP De Lucca, AJ (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1041-2905 EI 2163-8152 J9 J ESSENT OIL RES JI J. Essent. Oil Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 23 IS 3 BP 47 EP 54 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 762FE UT WOS:000290459400009 ER PT J AU Perea, H Bautista, E Hunsaker, DJ Strelkoff, TS Williams, C Adamsen, FJ AF Perea, Hugo Bautista, Eduardo Hunsaker, Douglas J. Strelkoff, Theodore S. Williams, Clinton Adamsen, Floyd J. TI Nonuniform and Unsteady Solute Transport in Furrow Irrigation. II: Description of Field Experiments and Calibration of Infiltration and Roughness Coefficients SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Fertigation; Infiltration; Furrow irrigation; Advection-dispersion equation ID SURFACE-IRRIGATION; MODEL DEVELOPMENT; WATER-FLOW; FERTIGATION; BASINS AB Field tests were conducted to obtain irrigation evaluation and solute transport data. The data were used to calibrate and validate an advection-dispersion model for furrow irrigation. The empirical infiltration equation and roughness parameters were estimated from the evaluation data. The inflow rate was measured with a volumetric meter and a flume and resulted in different average inflow rates. Hydraulic simulation results proved nearly as accurate with infiltration function estimates derived from the meter or flume data despite the difference in measured flow rate. Hence, the calibrated infiltration functions provide limited clues about possible problems with the inflow data. The choice of the infiltration equation used to fit the data (Branch versus modified Kostiakov) produced greater differences in the hydraulic modeling results. The timing and spread of the solute concentration pulses were well predicted independently of the inflow data and infiltration equation used to fit the data. However, differences between the meter and flume inflow rate were clearly manifested in the predicted peak solute concentrations. Results highlight the importance of accurate inflow measurements for parameter estimation. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000295. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Perea, Hugo] Texas A&M, Texas AgriLife Res, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Bautista, Eduardo; Hunsaker, Douglas J.; Strelkoff, Theodore S.; Williams, Clinton] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Adamsen, Floyd J.] Urban Irrigat Water Testing & Consulting, Chandler, AZ 85226 USA. RP Perea, H (reprint author), Texas A&M, Texas AgriLife Res, 2415 E Business Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM hugo.p.estrada@gmail.com; Eduardo.bautista@ars.usda.gov; doug.hunsaker@ars.usda.gov; theodor.strelkoff@ars.usda.gov; clinton.williams@ars.usda.gov; f.j.adamsen@gmail.com FU USDA-CSREES-NRI [2001-35102-10218] FX This research received support from USDA-CSREES-NRI Competitive Grant No. 2001-35102-10218. The writers would like to thank anonymous reviewers for helping to improve the manuscript. We also appreciate the support from Carl Arterberry, Don Powers, and Clint Jones of the U.S. Water Conservation Laboratory, Phoenix, in preparation and conduct of the field tracer experiment and subsequent activities. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD MAY PY 2011 VL 137 IS 5 BP 315 EP 326 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000295 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 762DY UT WOS:000290454000006 ER PT J AU Jha, AK Chen, L Offeman, RD Balsara, NP AF Jha, Ashish K. Chen, Liang Offeman, Richard D. Balsara, Nitash P. TI Effect of nanoscale morphology on selective ethanol transport through block copolymer membranes SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Block-copolymer; Nanostructure; Selective ethanol-transport; Domain size effect ID WATER MIXTURES; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS; ALCOHOL-WATER; PERVAPORATION; FERMENTATION; SEPARATION; PERMEABILITY; PERMSELECTIVITY; POLYMERIZATION; PRETREATMENT AB We report on the effect of nanoscale morphology on transport of ethanol/water mixtures through block copolymer membranes. In particular, we show that ethanol selectivity and overall flux can be optimized by varying the size of block copolymer domains at fixed composition. Experiments were conducted on two separate systems using polybutadiene (PB) and polydimethyl siloxane-g-polymethylmethacrylate (PDMS-MA) as the transporting blocks, using an 8 wt% ethanol/water mixture as the feed. The domain spacings for PB- and PDMS-MA-based samples were varied from 19 to 55 nm and 28 to 70 nm, respectively, at fixed compositions. The membrane separation factor increases with domain spacing for both membranes. In the case of the PB-based system, the smallest domain size system with d = 19 nm was water selective while those with larger domain spacings were ethanol selective. The total flux through the PB-based membranes increases with increasing domain spacing until it reaches a maximum at a domain spacing of 39 nm in spite of the fact that the stiffness of the polymers increases monotonically with increasing domain spacing. In contrast, the total flux through the PDMS-MA-based membranes does not depend on domain spacing. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jha, Ashish K.; Chen, Liang; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Offeman, Richard D.] USDA, Bioprod Chem & Engn Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu RI Chen, Liang/A-7524-2011 FU Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, Berkeley. The Advanced Light Source at LBNL is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. TEM was performed at the National Center of Electron Microscopy at LBNL in collaboration with the Soft Matter Microscopy Program. We acknowledge David Wong for his help with identification of SBS as a possible system for the present study. NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 373 IS 1-2 BP 112 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.02.043 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 761ST UT WOS:000290421900015 ER PT J AU Brown, EM Shelly, DC AF Brown, Eleanor M. Shelly, Dennis C. TI MOLECULAR MODELING APPROACH TO VEGETABLE TANNING: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FOR GALLOTANNIN INTERACTIONS WITH THE COLLAGEN MICROFIBRIL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID 3-DIMENSIONAL-ENERGY MINIMIZED MODELS; I COLLAGEN; TERMINAL TELOPEPTIDES; TRIPLE HELIX; FORCE-FIELD; PROTEINS; VALIDATION; DYNAMICS; CATECHIN; TANNAGE AB Tanning of animal hides produces leather, a durable, flexible material that is stabilized against putrefaction. Chrome-tanned wet blue, aldehyde crosslinked wet white, and vegetable tanned hides are major contributors to current leather production. Although the chemistries involved are significantly different, the product in each case is leather. Vegetable tanning, the oldest of these technologies is, from a mechanistic perspective, the least well understood. To explore possible vegetable tanning mechanisms, we have applied molecular modeling techniques to the study of interactions of gallotannin, a component of chestnut tannins, with the collagen microfibril. A model gallotannin molecule was constructed and energy minimized. This model was docked into several energetically favorable positions on a fragment of the ERRC collagen microfibril model, generally with a good fit at a proline or hydroxyproline residue. The alpha carbon backbone of collagen was kept immobile during molecular dynamics simulations at 400 - 800K with and without an added layer of water of solvation to identify possibly more favorable interactions sites for the gallotannin molecules. Both inter and intra chain interactions were possible, and several potential sites for hydrogen bonding via arginine residues or hydrophobic interactions with alanine or isoleucine residues were identified. The information gained from this model study is an early step in the development of a vegetable-tanning model. C1 [Brown, Eleanor M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Shelly, Dennis C.] Texas Tech Univ, Engn Prot Mat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Shelly, Dennis C.] Texas Tech Univ, Leather Res Inst, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Brown, EM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM eleanor.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA TEXAS TECH UNIV, BOX 45300, LUBBOCK, TX 79409-5300 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 106 IS 5 BP 145 EP 152 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 761TK UT WOS:000290423700001 ER PT J AU Stern, JA Meurs, KM Nelson, OL Lahmers, SM Lehmkuhl, LB White, SN AF Stern, J. A. Meurs, K. M. Nelson, O. L. Lahmers, S. M. Lehmkuhl, L. B. White, S. N. TI GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES LOCATION OF INTEREST ON CHROMOSOME 21 IN GOLDEN RETRIEVERS AND ROTTWEILERS WITH FAMILIAL SUBVALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stern, J. A.; Meurs, K. M.; Nelson, O. L.; Lahmers, S. M.; White, S. N.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lehmkuhl, L. B.] MedVet Med Ctr Pets, Worthington, OH USA. [White, S. N.] ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0891-6640 J9 J VET INTERN MED JI J. Vet. Intern. Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 3 BP 648 EP 648 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 758QE UT WOS:000290179100041 ER PT J AU Jergens, AE Cassmann, E Atherly, T Koda, S Wang, C AF Jergens, A. E. Cassmann, E. Atherly, T. Koda, S. Wang, C. TI IMBALANCE IN THE COMPOSITION OF ILEAL AND COLONIC MICROBIOTA OF DOGS WITH CHRONIC ENTEROPATHY SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jergens, A. E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Atherly, T.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. [Cassmann, E.; Koda, S.] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RI Cassmann, Eric/B-2749-2016 OI Cassmann, Eric/0000-0002-7130-2650 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0891-6640 J9 J VET INTERN MED JI J. Vet. Intern. Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 25 IS 3 BP 690 EP 690 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 758QE UT WOS:000290179100184 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Demirci, B Gurbuz, I Demirci, F Becnel, JJ Wedge, DE Baser, KHC AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Demirci, Betul Gurbuz, Ilhan Demirci, Fatih Becnel, James J. Wedge, David E. Baser, Kemal Husnu Can TI Essential Oil Composition of Five Collections of Achillea biebersteinii from Central Turkey and their Antifungal and Insecticidal Activity SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Achillea biebersteinii; plant pathogens; Colletotrichum; bioautography; Aedes aegypti; adult activity; larvicidal activity ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; A. NOBILIS; L.; IRAN; YARROW; CONSTITUENTS; PESTICIDES AB The composition of the essential oils hydrodistilled from the aerial parts of five Achillea biebersteinii Afan samples, collected in central Turkey from Konya, Isparta and Ankara, were analyzed both by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighty-four components were identified, representing 87 to 99% of the total oil composition. The identified major components were 1,8-cineole (9-37%), camphor (16-30%) and p-cymene (1-27%). Two samples differed in piperitone (11%) and ascaridol (4%) content. The five A. biebersteinii essential oils were subsequently evaluated for their antifungal activity against the strawberry anthracnose-causing fungal plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae and C. gloeosporioides using the direct overlay bioautography assay. The essential oils showed no antifungal activity at 80 and 160 mu g/spot. In addition, A. biebersteinii oils and their major compounds were subsequently investigated against Aedes aegypti first instar larvae in a high throughput bioassay. Among the oils, only one sample from Ankara showed a notable larvacidal effect on Ae. aegypti larvae. The major compounds, 1,8-cineole, camphor and p-cymene, exhibited low mosquito larval activity, and thus the minor compounds are probably responsible for the observed activity against Ae. aegypti larvae. The oils showed weak activity against adult Ae. aegypti. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Demirci, Betul; Demirci, Fatih; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, Fac Pharm, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Gurbuz, Ilhan] Gazi Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, Fac Pharm, TR-06330 Ankara, Turkey. [Becnel, James J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Tabanca, N (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ntabanca@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; Demirci, Fatih /A-8295-2008; OI Demirci, Fatih /0000-0003-1497-3017; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX The authors thank Ms J. Linda Robertson, Ms Ramona Pace, Ms Xiaoning Wang, and Ms Katelyn Chalaire for great assistance with the antifungal and mosquito bioassays. This study was supported by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program and the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 6 IS 5 BP 701 EP 706 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA 762UF UT WOS:000290506200030 PM 21615036 ER PT J AU Reis, JL Rodriguez, LL Mead, DG Smoliga, G Brown, CC AF Reis, J. L., Jr. Rodriguez, L. L. Mead, D. G. Smoliga, G. Brown, C. C. TI Lesion Development and Replication Kinetics During Early Infection in Cattle Inoculated With Vesicular Stomatitis New Jersey Virus Via Scarification and Black Fly (Simulium vittatum) Bite SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vesicular stomatitis virus; livestock; pathogenesis; early infection; black fly ID CONTACT TRANSMISSION; SEROTYPE; COLORADO; DIPTERA; ROUTE; SWINE; PIGS AB Vesicular stomatitis viruses are the causative agents of vesicular stomatitis, an economically important contagious disease of livestock that occurs in North, Central, and South America. Little is known regarding the early stages of infection in natural hosts. Twelve adult Holstein steers were inoculated with Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV) on the coronary bands (CB) of the feet via scarification (SC) or by VSNJV-infected black fly (Simulium vittatum) bite (FB). Three additional animals were inoculated on the neck skin using FB. Clinical disease and lesion development were assessed daily, and animals were euthanatized from 12 hours post inoculation (HPI) through 120 HPI. The animals inoculated in the neck failed to develop any clinical signs or gross lesions, and VSNJV was detected neither by in situ hybridization (ISH) nor by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Lesions on the CB were more severe in the animals infected by FB than by SC. In both groups, peak VSNJV replication occurred between 24 and 48 HPI in keratinocytes of the CB, as evidenced by ISH and IHC. There was evidence of viral replication limited to the first 24 HPI in the local draining lymph nodes, as seen through ISH. Successful infection via FB required logarithmically less virus than with the SC technique, suggesting that components in black fly saliva may facilitate VSNJV transmission and infection in cattle. The lack of lesion development in the neck with the same method of inoculation used in the CB suggests that specific characteristics of the CB epithelium may facilitate VSNJV infection. C1 [Reis, J. L., Jr.; Mead, D. G.; Brown, C. C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA USA. [Reis, J. L., Jr.] Univ Brasilia, Lab Vet Pathol, FAV, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Rodriguez, L. L.; Smoliga, G.] USDA ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY USA. RP Brown, CC (reprint author), 501 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM corbrown@uga.edu RI Mead, Daniel/F-7501-2013 FU CAPES-Fulbright; USDA-ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center FX The CAPES-Fulbright Doctoral Exchange program and the USDA-ARS Plum Island Animal Disease Center provided funding for this project. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 547 EP 557 DI 10.1177/0300985810381247 PG 11 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 761ZP UT WOS:000290442300001 PM 20858740 ER PT J AU Griffith, AP Epplin, FM Fuhlendorf, SD Gillen, R AF Griffith, Andrew P. Epplin, Francis M. Fuhlendorf, Samuel D. Gillen, Robert TI A Comparison of Perennial Polycultures and Monocultures for Producing Biomass for Biorefinery Feedstock SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DIVERSITY GRASSLAND BIOMASS; CARBON-NEGATIVE BIOFUELS; LOW-INPUT; UNITED-STATES; SWITCHGRASS; PRODUCTIVITY; YIELD; FERTILIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES AB Before planting millions of hectares to switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) monocultures for producing biomass feedstock for biorefineries, it has been proposed that monocultures be tested against polycultures so, among other issues, the economics of both systems can be compared. This research was conducted to determine the lowest cost lignocellulosic biomass feedstock production system from among four monocultures and four polycultures. Randomized complete block designs with four replications were established at two Oklahoma locations. Plots were managed to represent anticipated production activities if perennial species were established in a low input system and harvested once a year to produce biorefinery feedstock. The four monocultures included switchgrass, sand bluestem (Andropogon hallii Hack.), Old World bluestem (OWB) (Bothriochloa ischaemum L. Keng), and big bluestem (A. gerardii Vitman). The four polycultures included mixtures of four grasses, four grasses and four forbs, eight grasses and eight forbs, and OWB with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Plots were harvested once a year for 3 yr. For every treatment that included a mix of species, a dominant species emerged by the third harvest, suggesting that over time these treatments may not differ greatly from monocultures with minor representation of other species. The average yield was 4.6 Mg ha(-1)yr(-1) for treatments seeded as monocultures at one location compared with 4.0 Mg ha(-1)yr(-1) for the treatments seeded as polycultures. At the second location, monocultures averaged 7.9 Mg ha(-1)yr(-1) and polycultures 6.5 Mg ha(-1)yr(-1). Economics favored monocultures for the location and environmental conditions that occurred during the time period studied. C1 [Griffith, Andrew P.; Epplin, Francis M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Gillen, Robert] Kansas State Univ, Tri Ctr Operat, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Gillen, Robert] ARS, USDA, So Plains Range Res Stn, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. RP Epplin, FM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM f.epplin@okstate.edu RI Fuhlendorf, Samuel/A-2931-2011 OI Fuhlendorf, Samuel/0000-0002-8726-9402 FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-38420-04777] FX The authors acknowledge the assistance of Robert A. Elliott and three anonymous reviewers. Support for this student training project was provided by USDA National Needs Graduate Fellowship Competitive Grant no. 2008-38420-04777 from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The authors also acknowledge the assistance of personnel and the contribution of land and other resources provided by USDA/ARS, Southern Plains Range Research Station, 2000 18th, Woodward, OK 73801. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 617 EP 627 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0336 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000008 ER PT J AU Lentz, RD Lehrsch, GA Brown, B Johnson-Maynard, J Leytem, AB AF Lentz, Rodrick D. Lehrsch, Gary A. Brown, Bradford Johnson-Maynard, Jodi Leytem, April B. TI Dairy Manure Nitrogen Availability in Eroded and Noneroded Soil for Sugarbeet Followed by Small Grains SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU; FIELD CONDITIONS; ORGANIC-MATTER; MINERALIZATION; MANAGEMENT; CATTLE; FERTILIZATION; AMENDMENTS; LANDSCAPE; RESIDUES AB Efficient recycling of abundant manure resources from regional dairy industries in the semiarid West requires a better understanding of N availability in manure-amended soils. We measured net N mineralization using buried bags, and crop biomass, N uptake, and yields for sprinkler-irrigated, whole (noneroded) and eroded Portneuf soils (coarse-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid) subject to a one-time manure application. Treatments included a control, fertilizer, two rates of composted dairy manure (28.4, 64.3 Mg ha(-1), dry wt.), and two rates of stockpiled dairy manure (23.3, 45.7 Mg ha(-1), dry wt.) applied in the fall before the Year 1 cropping season. Plots were planted to sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) during the 3-yr study. Overall, net N mineralization rates were low to moderate during winter through spring, decreased in early summer due to N immobilization, then increased to a maximum in late summer, followed by a decrease in fall. The mean mineralization rate (as a percentage of the added organic N) for Years 1, 2, and 3 was -4.2 (N immobilization), 4.3, and 4.8% for compost and 17.4, 17.0, and 11.4% for manure, respectively. Relative to controls, compost and manure treatments as a group increased total 3-yr net N mineralization more for eroded (1.77x) than for whole soils (1.55x). At higher rates, manure also increased immobilization and mineralization in 30-to60-cm soil depths (below the zone of incorporation). To optimize the use of N mineralized in southern Idaho's manure-amended soils, one should consider the type manure employed and the erosion status of the soil receiving the amendment. C1 [Lentz, Rodrick D.; Lehrsch, Gary A.; Leytem, April B.] USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Brown, Bradford] Univ Idaho, PARMA Res & Extens Ctr, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Johnson-Maynard, Jodi] Univ Idaho, PSES Agr Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Lentz, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM rick.lentz@ars.usda.gov RI Ducey, Thomas/A-6493-2011; Johnson-Maynard, Jodi/E-9518-2013 NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 628 EP 643 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0409 PG 16 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000009 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA Weyers, SL AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. Weyers, Sharon L. TI Statistical Modeling of Yield and Variance Instability in Conventional and Organic Cropping Systems SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM; GRAIN YIELDS; MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; VARIABILITY; ROTATION; NITROGEN; TRIALS; FIELD; TILLAGE; OPPORTUNITIES AB Temporal variation in crop yields has considerable impact at farm, regional, and national levels. To gain a better understanding of the factors contributing to this variation, we quantified the cumulative effects of management practices and soil covariates on total yield (TY), temporal yield variance (TYV) and coefficient of variation (CV) of 2-yr (2 Yr) {corn [Zea mays L.]-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]} and 4-yr (4 Yr) [corn-soybean-spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)] crop rotations in conventional (CNV) and organic (ORG) cropping systems. Soil covariates differed individually or as a group in their impact on TY, TYV, and CV. Spatial variation, quantified by soil covariates, did not fully explain variation in TY or TYV; whereas, TYV explained up to 86% of variation in TY, both of which were less variable in ORG than in CNV. Multivariate relationships among TYV, CV, management factors, and covariates indicated that TYs of 4-Yr crop rotations were likely to be more stable than TYs of 2-Yr rotations. The largest and most stable yields obtained under both cropping systems are characterized by a combination of optimum TYV and minimum CV values. We developed a classification scheme of cropping systems, crop rotation phases, and management practices based on the three-way relationship between TY, TYV, and CV, and deviations from their respective means. In addition to its utility in selecting the largest and most stable yield, the scheme can be used to measure stability in crop production and strategically deploy appropriate management practices for a given cropping system or crop rotation. C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.; Weyers, Sharon L.] USDA ARS, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM abdullah.jaradat@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 673 EP 684 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0420 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000013 ER PT J AU Bruns, HA AF Bruns, H. Arnold TI Comparisons of Single-Row and Twin-Row Soybean Production in the Mid-South SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM; YIELD AB A Maturity Group (MG) IV and MG V soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar were planted on beds in 102 cm single-rows or 25 cm twin-rows with 102 cm centers at 20, 30, 40, and 50 seeds m(-2) in a Beulah fine sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, active, thermic Typic Dysrudepts) in 2008, 2009, and 2010 and in Sharkey clay (very-fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Epiaquerts) in 2009 and 2010 at Stoneville, MS. Despite furrow irrigation, drought and consistent maximum temperatures -32 degrees C during 2010 reduced stands, yields, and seed weight at both sites. Twin-rows produced more plants than similar single-rows, which helped increase twin-rows yields compared to single-rows on the clay. Yields on the clay did not differ among seeding rates. Yields from twin-rows on the sandy loam were only greater than single-rows at 40 and 50 seeds m(-2) for the MG IV cultivar and did not differ for the MG V. The MG IV cultivar tended to yield better than the MG V at both sites. The MG IV cultivar averaged 20 nodes plant(-1) compared to 15 for the MG V. Both cultivars on the sandy loam average 59 pods plant(-1), while the MG V cultivar produced 70 pods plant(-1) vs. 63 pods plant(-1) for the MG IV cultivar on the clay. Twin-rows did not produce more pods plant(-1). Row type or seeding rate did not effect seed weight at either site. Seeds m(-2)were greater for the MG IV cultivar on the sandy loam and corresponded with yield, but not so on the clay. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bruns, HA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM arnold.bruns@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 702 EP 708 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0475 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000016 ER PT J AU Long, DS Scharf, PA Pierce, FJ AF Long, D. S. Scharf, P. A. Pierce, F. J. TI Narrow-Width Harvester for Switchgrass and Other Bioenergy Crops in Experimental Plots SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FORAGE HARVESTER; COMMERCIAL SWATHER AB Greater capacity in field experimental research could be achieved by equipment that harvests high-yielding biomass energy crops within small plots. Versatility and cost-effectiveness would be enhanced if the harvester were adaptable to currently available equipment. A narrow-width biomass harvester for experimental plots was constructed to meet these objectives. The machine consists of a hydraulic drive, flail mower, support arm assembly, collection box and weighing platform, and electronic weighing system. The harvester is currently being powered with a 63.7 kW narrow specialty tractor with a 1.4-m outside tread width. The narrow tractor-flail was used to harvest 1.52-m swaths down the centers of 3.8 by 12.2 m plots of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) so that a portion of the crop remained undisturbed for other measurements. The harvester could harvest dry switchgrass yields up to 20 Mg ha(-1) in 8.8-m plots before its collection box was filled. Other grasses and forages with shape and size characteristics similar to switchgrass would also likely be accommodated. Under normal conditions, three people can harvest 12 plots (20 m long) within 1 h including weighing the biomass, emptying the harvester, and bagging samples. The harvester can be attached to a tractor and made ready for harvesting, or removed to make the tractor available for other purposes, in about 1.5 h. Cost of materials for the harvester was <$10,000. C1 [Long, D. S.] USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Scharf, P. A.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Precis Agr Syst, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Long, DS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM dan.long@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 780 EP 785 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0407 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000025 ER PT J AU Zheljazkov, VD Cantrell, CL Astatkie, T Cannon, JB AF Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Cantrell, Charles L. Astatkie, Tess Cannon, Jeffery B. TI Lemongrass Productivity, Oil Content, and Composition as a Function of Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Harvest Time SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID OCIMUM-BASILICUM L.; CYMBOPOGON-FLEXUOSUS; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; JAPANESE CORNMINT; YIELD; MISSISSIPPI; ANTIBACTERIAL; PEPPERMINT; GROWTH; FUNGI AB Lemongrass [Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud.) Wats, (syn. Andropogon nardus var. flexuosus Hack; A. flexuosus Nees)] is one of the most widely grown essential oil plants in the world. Field experiments were conducted at Verona and Poplarville, MS, to evaluate the effects of N (0, 40, 80, and 160 kg N/ha) and S (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg S/ha) on lemongrass biomass productivity, essential oil content, yield, and oil composition. Overall, the essential oil content varied within 0.35 to 0.6% of the dried biomass. The major constituents were geranial (25-53%), neral (20-45%), caryophyllene oxide (1.3-7.2%), and t-caryophyllene (0.3-2.2%). Biomass yields at Verona ranged from 9486 to 19,375 kg/ha, while oil yields ranged from 30 to 139 kg/ha. Overall, dry weight yields increased with the application of 80 kg N/ha relative to the 0 kg N/ha and with 160 kg of N/ha relative to the 0 and 40 kg N/ha treatments. At Poplarville, biomass yields varied from 8036 to 12,593 kg/ha, while oil yields ranged from 23.5 to 89.5 kg/ha. The application of N at 160 kg/ha at Poplarville increased dry weight yields relative to the N at 0 or 40 kg/ha rates, irrespective of the rate used for S. At Verona, within each S application rate, biomass yields were highest in Harvest 2, lower in Harvest 1, and the lowest in Harvest 3 (regrowth). The combined biomass yields of Harvest 1 and Harvest 3 would be lower, but oil yields would be higher compared to Harvest 2 (single-harvest system). Lemongrass can be grown as an annual essential oil crop in the southeastern United States, with a potential for dual utilization: essential oil and lignocellulosic material for ethanol production. C1 [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Mississippi State Univ, N Mississippi Res & Extens Ctr, Verona, MS 38879 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.; Cannon, Jeffery B.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Nova Scotia Agr Coll, Dept Engn, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, 663 Wyarno Rd, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. EM valtcho.pubs@gmail.com RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012 OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789 FU ARS with Mississippi State University [58-6402-026] FX This research was funded in part by ARS Specific Crop Agreement 58-6402-026 with Mississippi State University. Specific project: "Field establishment of medicinal herbs and potential for commerical production" awarded to Dr. V.D. Jeliazkov (Zheljazkov). Authors thank Thomas Horgan, Ganisher Abbasov, S. Marie Rogers, and Amber Reichley for excellent help with experiments and analysis. Approved for publication as Journal Article no. J-11925 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 805 EP 812 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0446 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000028 ER PT J AU Timper, P Davis, RF Webster, TM Brenneman, TB Meyer, SLF Zasada, IA Cai, G Rice, CP AF Timper, P. Davis, R. F. Webster, T. M. Brenneman, T. B. Meyer, S. L. F. Zasada, I. A. Cai, G. Rice, C. P. TI Response of Root-Knot Nematodes and Palmer Amaranth to Tillage and Rye Green Manure SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WINTER COVER CROPS; HYDROXAMIC ACID CONTENT; SECALE-CEREALE L.; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; CROPPING SYSTEMS; BENZOXAZINONE ALLELOCHEMICALS; POPULATION-DENSITIES; RESIDUE MANAGEMENT; PLANTING DATE; WEED-CONTROL AB Rye (Secale cereale L.) is a frequently used winter cover crop in many agronomic production systems in the United States. Our objective was to determine whether incorporating rye into soil while still green results in greater suppression of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) compared to conventional cover crop management. Two similar experiments were conducted: one with peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and the other with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Both experiments were a split-plot design with tillage as the main plot (conventional, green manure, and strip) and cover crop as the subplot. The cover crop treatments were a weedy fallow and the rye cultivars Wrens Abruzzi, Wheeler, Oklon, and Elbon. Wrens Abruzzi produced the greatest amount of biomass, Oklon and Elbon intermediate, and Wheeler the least. Where there was substantial soil disturbance (e. g., conventional tillage and green manure), Palmer amaranth densities were low and not influenced by cover crop. In the strip tillage plots, however, all of the rye cultivars, except Wheeler, reduced establishment of the weed compared to winter fallow. Root galling from nematodes on cotton and peanut was influenced by tillage, but not by rye cover crop. Gall indices on cotton were greater in conventional tillage than in either strip tillage or green manure plots; whereas on peanut, they were greater in the strip tillage than in the conventional tillage or green manure plots. Neither tillage nor cover crop influenced yield except in 2008 in peanut, where yield was lower in strip tillage than in conventional or green manure plots. C1 [Timper, P.; Davis, R. F.; Webster, T. M.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Brenneman, T. B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Meyer, S. L. F.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zasada, I. A.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Cai, G.; Rice, C. P.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Timper, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Patricia.Timper@ars.usda.gov RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 813 EP 821 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0386 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000029 ER PT J AU Jantalia, CP Halvorson, AD AF Jantalia, Claudia Pozzi Halvorson, Ardell D. TI Nitrogen Fertilizer Effects on Irrigated Conventional Tillage Corn Yields and Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Pools SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; ORGANIC-CARBON; SOUTHERN BRAZIL; RESIDUE REMOVAL; MATTER; MANAGEMENT; EMISSIONS; DYNAMICS; ROTATION AB Conventional plow tillage (CT) is a common soil management practice under irrigated continuous corn (Zea mays L.) in the semiarid central Great Plains that requires a relatively high N fertilizer rate to optimize grain yield and economic returns. This study investigated how four rates of N input (0, 67, 101, and 224 kg N ha(-1)) under irrigated CT management affects aboveground corn production, stover characteristics, and crop biomass. We also examined soil quality parameters under these treatments, including total soil carbon (TSC) and soil particulate organic matter (POM), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) stocks in the 0- to 7.6-, 0- to 15.2-, and 0- to 30.4-cm soil depths of a clay loam soil. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased corn grain, stalks, cob and stover yields as well as C and N content of the biomass. The C/N ratios of stalks and stover decreased with increasing N rate, but cob C/N ratios did not change. Increasing N rate increased TSN concentration in 0- to 7.6- and 7.6- to 15.2-cm depths and decreased C/N ratio in all soil layers between 1999 and 2008. We found no significant change in SOC and POM-C stocks under increasing N fertilizer addition aft er 10 yr of irrigated, CT continuous corn despite higher stover yields, and the stover C and N returned to the soil aft er harvest with increasing N rate. The lack of increased SOC storage with increasing residue C inputs suggests that decomposition processes controlled the SOC stocks. C1 [Halvorson, Ardell D.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Jantalia, Claudia Pozzi] Embrapa Agrobiol, BR-23890000 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Halvorson, AD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Ste 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ardell.halvorson@ars.usda.gov FU Embrapa; Agricultural Research Service FX The authors thank C. Reule, P. Norris, B. Floyd, and R. D'Adamo for their assistance and analytical support in collecting, processing, and analyzing the soil and plant samples and data reported herein and the ARDEC Staff for help with plot maintenance. C.P. Jantalia thanks Embrapa for financial support. This publication is also based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service under the ARS GRACEnet Project. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 871 EP 878 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0455 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000036 ER PT J AU Brennan, EB AF Brennan, Eric B. TI A Time-Efficient Scooping Method to Prepare Cover Crop Seed for Cone Planters SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL PLOTS; PLANTING ARRANGEMENT; SEGREGATION; GROWTH AB Cone planters (CP) uniformly distribute seed over research plots; however, preparing seed for CP by weighing is time-consuming. This study evaluated (i) the effect of seed preparation method (scooping with a calibrated cup vs. weighing) on population density of monoculture cover crops planted with a CP, (ii) time required for scooping vs. weighing, and (iii) the effect of scooping on segregation of pre-made cover crop mixtures. Monocultures included mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.], rye (Secale cereale L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) planted at 1x, 2x, and 4x seeding rates; 1x rates in pure live seed m(-2) were 24 (faba bean), 43 (common vetch), 291 (rye), and 310 (mustard). Mixtures contained rye, oat (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), faba bean, common vetch, or pea (Pisum sativum L.), and by weight included: Mix 1 (10% rye, 90% faba bean), Mix 2 (10% oat, 90% faba bean), Mix 3 (10% barley, 90% faba bean), Mix 4 (10% common vetch, 90% rye), and Mix 5 (10% rye, 25% pea, 30% common vetch, 35% faba bean). Seed preparation method did not affect the population densities of the monocultures. Preparing seed packets was at least two times more time-consuming with the weighing than scooping method. Calibrating cups to scoop within 1% of the desired seed packet weight was not difficult. However, segregation occurred while scooping some mixtures from a bucket whereby smaller-seeded components increased with scooping depth. Simple methods to detect seed segregation in mixtures are discussed. C1 USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Brennan, EB (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM eric.brennan@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 906 EP 913 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0400 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000040 ER PT J AU Baumhardt, RL Schwartz, RC MacDonald, JC Tolk, JA AF Baumhardt, R. L. Schwartz, R. C. MacDonald, J. C. Tolk, J. A. TI Tillage and Cattle Grazing Effects on Soil Properties and Grain Yields in a Dryland Wheat-Sorghum-Fallow Rotation SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; PLANT WATER STATUS; SYSTEMS; PRODUCTIVITY; REQUIREMENTS; INFILTRATION; IRRIGATION; NITROGEN; COTTON AB Cattle (Bos taurus) grazing intensifies production of the dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]-fallow (WSF) rotation in the U. S. Southern High Plains. Stubble-mulch (SM) tillage controls weeds and counteracts soil compaction. No-till (NT) increases soil water at planting and dryland crop yields, but added grazing effects are unknown. Our objectives were to quantify dryland winter wheat and sorghum yield responses to grazing and tillage practices. At the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Laboratory, Bushland, TX, we established all WSF rotation phases in triplicate ungrazed and grazed paddocks beginning 1999 on a Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Torrertic Paleustoll) using SM tillage. During spring 2004, NT or SM tillage were superimposed within grazing main plots. Cattle gain, soil water aft er fallow, and crop yield were compared during 2005 to 2009 using a split-plot randomized complete block design. Cattle, stocked at 1.8 Mg ha(-1), grazed sorghum stover and growing wheat an average of 29 d for a mean gain of 147 kg ha(-1). Soil water at planting was unaffected by grazing, but increased from 14 to 28 mm with NT. Although grazing seldom reduced yield of wheat or sorghum, NT in ungrazed plots increased crop yields sufficiently (0.96-2.6 Mg ha(-1)) in 2008 and 2009 to off set any value added by grazing. We conclude that cumulative grazing effects in NT plots reduced soil water storage and depressed yield. We recommend post-wheat-harvest SM tillage to disrupt soil compaction and restore grazed soil productivity. C1 [Baumhardt, R. L.; Schwartz, R. C.; Tolk, J. A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [MacDonald, J. C.] Texas A&M Univ Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 76502 USA. RP Baumhardt, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM r.louis.baumhardt@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 103 IS 3 BP 914 EP 922 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0388 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 759AN UT WOS:000290212000041 ER PT J AU Cook, D Green, BT Welch, KD Gardner, DR Pfister, JA Panter, KE AF Cook, Daniel Green, Benedict T. Welch, Kevin D. Gardner, Dale R. Pfister, James A. Panter, Kip E. TI Comparison of the toxic effects of two duncecap larkspur (Delphinium occidentale) chemotypes in mice and cattle SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Range-Management CY FEB, 2010 CL Denver, CO SP Soc Range Management ID NORDITERPENOID ALKALOIDS; TALL LARKSPUR; BARBEYI; METHYLLYCACONITINE; SPP. AB Objective-To compare the toxic effects of a Delphinium occidentale chemotype containing N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine (MSAL) type alkaloids and a D occidentale chemotype lacking MSAL-type alkaloids in mice and cattle. Animals-225 male Swiss Webster mice and 11 Black Angus steers. Procedures-4 collections of larkspur containing MSAL-type alkaloids and 4 collections of larkspur lacking MSAL-type alkaloids were used. From each collection, total alkaloid extracts (0.05 to 0.20 mL) were administered via tail-vein injection in 27 to 29 mice. Dried, finely ground plant material from 1 collection with and 1 collection without MSAL-type alkaloids (doses equivalent to 376 mg of total alkaloids/kg) were each administered to 8 cattle via oral gavage in a crossover experiment; 3 cattle received a single dose equivalent to 150.4 mg of total alkaloids/kg (no MSAL-type alkaloids). In mice, clinical effects were monitored; in cattle, heart rate was monitored before (baseline) and 24 hours after treatment. At the 24-hour time point, cattle were exercised as a measure of muscle weakness. Results-In mice, mean LD50 associated with alkaloid extracts prepared from plants that did or did not contain MSAL-type alkaloids was 2.3 and 54.2 mg/kg, respectively. In cattle at 24 hours after treatment, plant material containing MSAL-type alkaloids significantly increased heart rate from baseline and was associated with exercise-induced collapse; plant material lacking MSAL-type alkaloids had no similar effects. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Taxonomic classification of D occidentale alone was not a good indicator of the toxic risk to grazing cattle. (Am J Vet Res 2011;72:706-714) C1 [Cook, Daniel; Green, Benedict T.; Welch, Kevin D.; Gardner, Dale R.; Pfister, James A.; Panter, Kip E.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Cook, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Daniel.Cook@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 72 IS 5 BP 706 EP 714 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 758UB UT WOS:000290191300017 PM 21529225 ER PT J AU Tobimatsu, Y Davidson, CL Grabber, JH Ralph, J AF Tobimatsu, Yuki Davidson, Christy L. Grabber, John H. Ralph, John TI Fluorescence-Tagged Monolignols: Synthesis, and Application to Studying In Vitro Lignification SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; CELL-WALL; DEHYDROGENATIVE-POLYMERIZATIONS; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; BETA-GLYCOSIDES; TRYPTOPHAN FLUORESCENCE; PLANT PEROXIDASES; ENZYMES; MODEL; ISOCONIFERIN AB Fluorescence-tagged coniferyl alcohols, coniferyl alcohol gamma-coupled by ethylenediamine spacers to dimethylaminocoumarin or nitrobenzofuran fluorophores, were tested as photoprobes to study the oxidase-mediated polymerization of monolignols. The fluorescent coniferyl alcohol derivatives readily underwent peroxidase-catalyzed in vitro copolymerization with coniferyl alcohol to yield fluorescent dehydrogenation polymers, the backbone polymers of which were structurally indistinguishable from polymers formed solely from coniferyl alcohol. To illustrate the use of the photoprobes, we successfully monitored in real time the complexation of coniferyl alcohol with horseradish apoperoxidase by Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) using the protein-tryptophan near the active site and a dimethylarninocoumarin moiety as donor and acceptor fluorophores. Furthermore, mixtures of fluorescence-tagged and normal coniferyl alcohols readily diffused into isolated maize cell walls and reacted with wall-bound percoddases to form in muro artificial lignins that could be visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Thus we anticipate that fluorescence-tagged monolignols will be useful for in vitro and in vivo studies of cell wall lignification. C1 [Tobimatsu, Yuki; Davidson, Christy L.; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Biochem, Enzyme Inst, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Grabber, John H.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Tobimatsu, Y (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Biochem, Enzyme Inst, 1710 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM tobimatsu@wisc.edu; jralph@wisc.edu FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; University of Wisconsin Graduate School; U.S. DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Stanford's Global Climate and Energy Project FX We thank Prof. George H. Reed and Dr. Darrell M. McCaslin for assistance with fluorescence spectroscopy that was performed at UW Biophysics Instrumentation Facility, Dr. Sarah Swanson for fluorescence microscopic imaging that was performed at UW Plant Imaging Center, and Drs. Hoon Kim and Fachuang Lu for their assistance with NMR spectroscopy. Y.T. was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad provided by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. We gratefully acknowledge partial funding from a University of Wisconsin Graduate School Vilas Associate Award, the U.S. DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494), and Stanford's Global Climate and Energy Project. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD MAY PY 2011 VL 12 IS 5 BP 1752 EP 1761 DI 10.1021/bm200136x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 759LP UT WOS:000290246400040 PM 21410250 ER PT J AU Zhou, XH Brandle, JR Awada, TN Schoeneberger, MM Martin, DL Xin, Y Tang, ZH AF Zhou, Xinhua Brandle, James R. Awada, Tala N. Schoeneberger, Michele M. Martin, Derrel L. Xin, Ying Tang, Zhenghong TI The use of forest-derived specific gravity for the conversion of volume to biomass for open-grown trees on agricultural land SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Cellulosic feedstock; Eastern redcedar; Green ash; Ponderosa pine; Windbreak ID WOOD SPECIFIC-GRAVITY; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; PONDEROSA PINE; UNITED-STATES; AGROFORESTRY; SHELTERBELT; EQUATIONS AB Accounting for agroforestry contributions to carbon sequestration and cellulosic feedstock production requires biomass equations that accurately estimate biomass in open-grown trees. Since equations for open-grown trees are rare and developing these is expensive, existing forest-based equations are an attractive alternative for open-grown trees in carbon accounting and biomass modeling. How accurate this alternative is depends on how similar the key attributes, such as specific gravity, trunk shape, and crown architecture, are between open- and forest-grown trees. We evaluated the use of forest-derived specific gravity for conversion of volume to biomass for morphologically distinct open-grown species: green ash, ponderosa pine, and eastern redcedar. Trunk biomass was consistently and significantly underestimated from 6.3% to 16.6% depending on species, indicating open-grown trees have greater trunk specific gravity than forest-grown counterparts within the same geographic region; however a conclusive difference in branch specific gravity was not found between open- and forest-grown trees. Open-grown trees have greater trunk specific gravity, sharper trunk taper, and larger crown. When forest-based equations are used for trunk biomass of open-grown trees, the greater trunk specific gravity results in underestimation; however, the sharper trunk taper results in overestimation. Studies are needed to examine whether the underestimation could be offset by the overestimation and how the larger crown affects biomass estimation when forest-based equations are used for open-grown trees. Our results provide an essential understanding to interpret the biometric relationship of open- to forest-grown trees and to develop an efficient means how forest-based equations might be best modified for open-grown trees. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Xinhua; Brandle, James R.; Awada, Tala N.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Schoeneberger, Michele M.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Natl Agroforestry Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Martin, Derrel L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Xin, Ying] NE Forestry Univ, Sch Forestry, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. [Tang, Zhenghong] Univ Nebraska, Coll Architecture, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Zhou, XH (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM xzhou2@unl.edu; jbrandle1@unl.edu; tawada2@unl.edu; mschoeneberger@fs.fed.us; dmartin2@unl.edu; xinying2004@126.com; ztang2@unl.edu FU USDA/CSRS [2001-35108-10205]; USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station [10-JV-11330152-045]; Nebraska Department of Natural Resources [10]; NNSF of China [31070629]; McIntire-Stennis Forestry Research Program FX A contribution of the University of Nebraska Agriculture Research Division, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. This research was supported in part by funds provided through USDA/CSRS NRI Competitive Grants (2001-35108-10205), USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station (Agreements: 10-JV-11330152-045), Nebraska Department of Natural Resources (Task order #10), NNSF of China (31070629), and the McIntire-Stennis Forestry Research Program. Thanks to K.A. and C.L. Messenger and H. Xu for their field work and assistance in this manuscript; USDA NRCS and Nebraska Forest Service personnel for their assistance in site selection; and the many landowners in Nebraska and Montana who permitted access to their shelterbelts. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 1721 EP 1731 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.019 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 759KA UT WOS:000290238200014 ER PT J AU Dumroese, RK Heiskanen, J Englund, K Tervahauta, A AF Dumroese, R. Kasten Heiskanen, Juha Englund, Karl Tervahauta, Arja TI Pelleted biochar: Chemical and physical properties show potential use as a substrate in container nurseries SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon; Greenhouse production; Nutrient; Pyrolysis; Sequestration ID MEDIA; SOIL; CHARCOAL; BIOMASS; DIFFUSION; AERATION; ENERGY; FUELS; WATER; BLACK AB We found that peat moss, amended with various ratios of pellets comprised of equal proportions of biochar and wood flour, generally had chemical and physical properties suitable for service as a substrate during nursery production of plants. High ratios of pellets to peat (> 50%) may be less desirable because of high C:N, high bulk density, swelling associated with water absorption, and low volumetric water content, whereas a mixture of 75% peat and 25% pellets had enhanced hydraulic conductivity and greater water availability at lower (<-10 kPa) matric potentials. Adding pellets to substrates used to grow plants in nurseries has potential to add value to biochar and thereby improve economic viability of pyrolysis. Moreover, biochar-amended substrates offer opportunity to sequester carbon as part of the normal outplanting process. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, GSD, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Heiskanen, Juha] Finnish Forest Res Inst, FI-77600 Suonenjoki, Finland. [Englund, Karl] Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Tervahauta, Arja] Finnish Forest Res Inst, FI-01301 Vantaa, Finland. RP Dumroese, RK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, GSD, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM kdumroese@fs.fed.us FU Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla); USDA Forest Service FX We thank Drs Pasi Puttonen and Heikki Smolander for providing the opportunity for international exchange that facilitated this work; Dr Mark Coleman for generously providing biochar; Raymond Wallace and Dr L Scott Baggett for assistance with, and review of, statistical analysis; and Drs Deborah Page-Dumroese and Amy Ross-Davis and the anonymous referees for comments on earlier drafts. Funding was provided by the Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla) and the USDA Forest Service. NR 42 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 6 U2 59 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 2018 EP 2027 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.053 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 759KA UT WOS:000290238200050 ER PT J AU do Canto, JL Klepac, J Rummer, B Savoie, P Seixas, F AF do Canto, Juliana Lorensi Klepac, John Rummer, Bob Savoie, Philippe Seixas, Fernando TI Evaluation of two round baling systems for harvesting understory biomass SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Baling; Cost; Forest biomass; Forest understory; Fuel reduction AB The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and to estimate costs of two round baling systems for harvesting understory biomass. One system was a cutter-shredderbaler prototype (Bio-baler). The other system required two successive operations. The first operation was cutting and shredding with a Supertrak tractor equipped with a Fecon mulcher head. The second operation was baling with a Claas baler. The machines were evaluated in three different pine stands on the Osceola National Forest in Florida, United States. Data collection included time study, fuel consumption and bale measurements. Material was collected from a sample of bales for heat and moisture content determination. On the most representative site (Site 2), the Bio-baler recovered 8.05 green t ha(-1) while the mulcher and the Claas baler recovered 9.75 green t ha(-1) (43 and 52 percent of original understory biomass, respectively). Productivity was 0.30 ha h(-1) for the Bio-baler and 0.51 ha h(-1) for the Claas baler. Density of the bales was 321 green kg m(-3) for the Bio-baler and 373 green kg m(-3) for the Claas baler. Average net heat content was 6263 MJ bale(-1) for the Bio-baler and 6695 MJ bale(-1) for the Claas baler with biomass containing 38 percent of moisture content on a wet basis. cost per unit area was less with the Bio-baler (US$320.91 ha(-1)) than with the mulcher-baler system (US$336.62-US$596.77 ha(-1)). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Klepac, John; Rummer, Bob] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. [do Canto, Juliana Lorensi] Univ Fed Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Savoie, Philippe] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Quebec City Res Ctr, Quebec City, PQ G1V 2J3, Canada. [Seixas, Fernando] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. RP Rummer, B (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 520 Devall Dr, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. EM jlcanto@terra.com.br; jklepac@fs.fed.us; rrummer@fs.fed.us; philippe.savoie@fsaa.ulaval.ca; fseixas@esalq.usp.br RI Seixas, Fernando/D-7330-2012 NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 2163 EP 2170 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.02.006 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 759KA UT WOS:000290238200066 ER PT J AU Trible, BR Kerrigan, M Crossland, N Potter, M Faaberg, K Hesse, R Rowland, RRR AF Trible, Benjamin R. Kerrigan, Maureen Crossland, Nicholas Potter, Megan Faaberg, Kay Hesse, Richard Rowland, Raymond R. R. TI Antibody Recognition of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Epitopes after Vaccination, Infection, and Disease SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTISYSTEMIC WASTING SYNDROME; EXPERIMENTAL REPRODUCTION; NEPHROPATHY SYNDROME; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; SYNDROME PMWS; ORF2 PROTEIN; PIGS; PCV2; CELLS; PORCINE-CIRCOVIRUS-2 AB Open reading frame 2 (ORF2) of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) codes for the 233-amino-acid capsid protein (CP). Baculovirus-based vaccines that express only ORF2 are protective against clinical disease following experimental challenge or natural infection. The goal of this study was to identify regions in CP preferentially recognized by sera from experimentally infected and vaccinated pigs and to compare these responses to those of pigs diagnosed with porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD), including porcine multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). The approach was to react porcine sera with CP polypeptide fragments followed by finer mapping studies using overlapping oligopeptides that covered amino acids 141 to 200. The results showed that vaccinated pigs preferentially recognized only the largest polypeptide fragment, CP(43-233). A subset of experimentally infected pigs and pigs with PDNS showed strong reactivity against a CP oligopeptide, 169-STIDYFQPNNKR-180. Alanine scanning identified Y-173, F-174, Q-175, and K-179 as important for antibody recognition. The results from this study support the notion of PCV2 modulation of immunity, including antibody responses that may represent a precursor for disease. The recognition of CP(169-180) and other polypeptides provides opportunities to devise diagnostic tests for monitoring the immunological effectiveness of vaccination. C1 [Trible, Benjamin R.; Kerrigan, Maureen; Crossland, Nicholas; Potter, Megan; Hesse, Richard; Rowland, Raymond R. R.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Faaberg, Kay] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Rowland, RRR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM browland@vet.k-state.edu FU National Pork Board [06-073]; USDA NRI [2009-35204-05290] FX This work was supported by National Pork Board grant 06-073 and USDA NRI grant 2009-35204-05290. NR 57 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 18 IS 5 BP 749 EP 757 DI 10.1128/CVI.00418-10 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 758IB UT WOS:000290156600008 PM 21430122 ER PT J AU Morani, A Nowak, DJ Hirabayashi, S Calfapietra, C AF Morani, Arianna Nowak, David J. Hirabayashi, Satoshi Calfapietra, Carlo TI How to select the best tree planting locations to enhance air pollution removal in the MillionTreesNYC initiative SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Biannual Meeting of the Adaptation of Forest Ecosystems to Air Pollution and Climate Change CY MAR, 2010 CL Antalya, TURKEY DE Urban forestry; UFORE; Planting priority index; Air pollution; Carbon ID UNITED-STATES; URBAN TREES; MODEL; OZONE; VEGETATION; QUALITY; POPULATION; PREDICTION; DISPERSION; IMPACTS AB Highest priority zones for tree planting within New York City were selected by using a planting priority index developed combining three main indicators: pollution concentration, population density and low canopy cover. This new tree population was projected through time to estimate potential air quality and carbon benefits. Those trees will likely remove more than 10 000 tons of air pollutants and a maximum of 1500 tons of carbon over the next 100 years given a 4% annual mortality rate. Cumulative carbon storage will be reduced through time as carbon loss through tree mortality outweighs carbon accumulation through tree growth. Model projections are strongly affected by mortality rate whose uncertainties limit estimations accuracy. Increasing mortality rate from 4 to 8% per year produce a significant decrease in the total pollution removal over a 100 year period from 11 000 tons to 3000 tons. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Morani, Arianna; Calfapietra, Carlo] Natl Res Council CNR, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol IBAF, I-00015 Rome, Italy. [Nowak, David J.; Hirabayashi, Satoshi] SUNY ESF, USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Calfapietra, C (reprint author), Natl Res Council CNR, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol IBAF, Via Salaria Km 29,300, I-00015 Rome, Italy. EM carlo.calfapietra@ibaf.cnr.it RI Calfapietra, Carlo/E-2269-2015 NR 59 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 6 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 159 IS 5 SI SI BP 1040 EP 1047 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.11.022 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 758UL UT WOS:000290192400004 PM 21168939 ER PT J AU Beier, RC Anderson, PN Hume, ME Poole, TL Duke, SE Crippen, TL Sheffield, CL Caldwell, DJ Byrd, JA Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Beier, Ross C. Anderson, Phelue N. Hume, Michael E. Poole, Toni L. Duke, Sara E. Crippen, Tawni L. Sheffield, Cynthia L. Caldwell, David J. Byrd, James A. Anderson, Robin C. Nisbet, David J. TI Characterization of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Turkeys in Commercial Processing Plants for Resistance to Antibiotics, Disinfectants, and a Growth Promoter SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; ADAPTIVE RESISTANCE; CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FOOD; ANTISEPTICS; BIOCIDES; STAPHYLOCOCCI; CARCASSES AB Salmonella enterica isolates from turkeys in two commercial processing plants (1 and 2) were characterized for susceptibility to antibiotics, disinfectants, and the organoarsenical growth promoter, 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylarsonic acid (3-NHPAA, roxarsone), and it's metabolites, NaAsO(2) (As(III)) and Na(2)HAsO(4)center dot 7H(2)O (As(V)). The 130 Salmonella serovars tested demonstrated a low incidence of resistance to the antibiotics gentamicin (GEN), kanamycin (KAN), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), streptomycin (STR), and tetracycline (TET). Isolates resistant to antibiotics were most often multidrug resistant. Serovars Hadar and Typhimurium were resistant to KAN, STR, and TET and GEN, SMX, and STR, respectively. All isolated Salmonella serovars were resistant to the disinfectant chlorhexidine with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs; 1-8 mu g/mL), and they were susceptible to triclosan and benzalkonium chloride. The didecyldimethylammonium chloride component was the most active ammonium chloride tested. No cross-resistance was observed between antibiotics and disinfectants. The MICs for 3-NHPAA (4096 mu g/mL) were consistent between processing Plant 1 and Plant 2, but MICs for the 3-NHPAA metabolites (As(III) and As(V)) were higher in Plant 1 than in Plant 2. In Plant 1, 76% of the isolates had MICs > 256 mu g/mL for As(III) and 92% of the isolates had MICs > 1024 mu g/mL for As(V). In Plant 2, all of the isolates had MICs <= 256 mu g/mL for As(III) and 90% of the isolates had MICs <= 1024 mu g/mL for As(V). Only 4 Salmonella serovars were isolated from Plant 1, but 10 serovars were isolated from Plant 2. S. enterica serovar Derby from Plant 1 was highly resistant to As(III) and As(V) with MICs > 1024 and > 8192 mu g/mL, respectively, suggesting previous exposure to high arsenic metabolite concentrations. These levels may have been high enough to kill other Salmonella serovars, thus possibly explaining the lack of serovar diversity observed in Plant 1. The application of a growth promoter may affect the serovar diversity in treated birds. C1 [Beier, Ross C.; Hume, Michael E.; Poole, Toni L.; Duke, Sara E.; Crippen, Tawni L.; Sheffield, Cynthia L.; Byrd, James A.; Anderson, Robin C.; Nisbet, David J.] ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Anderson, Phelue N.; Caldwell, David J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Anderson, Phelue N.] Poultry Diagnost Lab, Texas Vet Med Diagnost Lab, Center, TX USA. RP Beier, RC (reprint author), ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM ross.beier@yahoo.com FU Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We thank Jackie Kotzur and Kathleen Andrews for technical support. This work was funded by the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Mention of trade names, proprietary products, or specific equipment is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not constitute a guarantee, warranty, or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 5 BP 593 EP 600 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0702 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 760DD UT WOS:000290302500004 PM 21235389 ER PT J AU Fratamico, PM Bagi, LK Cray, WC Narang, N Yan, XH Medina, M Liu, YH AF Fratamico, Pina M. Bagi, Lori K. Cray, William C., Jr. Narang, Neelam Yan, Xianghe Medina, Marjorie Liu, Yanhong TI Detection by Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays and Isolation of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145 in Ground Beef SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; ANTIGEN GENE-CLUSTER; PCR AMPLIFICATION; SENSITIVE DETECTION; BOVINE FECES; CATTLE FECES; WZY GENES; OUTBREAK; O157; FOOD AB Six Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups, which include O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145, are responsible for the majority of non-O157 STEC infections in the United States, representing a growing public health concern. Cattle and other ruminants are reservoirs for these pathogens; thus, food of bovine origin may be a vehicle for infection with non-O157 STEC. Methods for detection of these pathogens in animal reservoirs and in food are needed to determine their prevalence and to develop intervention strategies. This study describes a method for detection of non-O157 STEC in ground beef, consisting of enrichment in modified tryptic soy broth at 42 degrees C, followed by real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting stx(1), stx(2), and eae genes and the wzx gene in the O-antigen gene clusters of the six serogroups, and then immunomagnetic separation (IMS) followed by plating onto Rainbow (R) Agar O157 and PCR assays for confirmation of isolates. All ground beef samples artificially inoculated with 1-2 and 10-20 CFU/25 g of ground beef consistently gave positive results for all of the target genes, including the internal amplification control using the multiplex real-time PCR assays after enrichment in modified tryptic soy broth for a total of 24 h (6 h at 37 degrees C and 18 h at 42 degrees C). The detection limit of the real-time multiplex PCR assays was similar to 50 CFU per PCR. IMS for O26, O103, O111, and O145 was performed with commercially available magnetic beads, and the IMS beads for O45 and O121 were prepared using polyclonal antiserum against these serogroups. A large percentage of the presumptive colonies of each serogroup picked from Rainbow Agar O157 were confirmed as the respective serogroups; however, the percent recovery of STEC O111 was somewhat lower than that of the other serogroups. This work provides a method for detection and isolation in ground beef and potentially other foods of non-O157 STEC of major public health concern. C1 [Fratamico, Pina M.; Bagi, Lori K.; Yan, Xianghe; Medina, Marjorie; Liu, Yanhong] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Cray, William C., Jr.; Narang, Neelam] Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Outbreak Sect, Eastern Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Fratamico, PM (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 5 BP 601 EP 607 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0773 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 760DD UT WOS:000290302500005 PM 21214490 ER PT J AU Rostagno, MH Eicher, SD Lay, DC AF Rostagno, Marcos H. Eicher, Susan D. Lay, Donald C., Jr. TI Immunological, Physiological, and Behavioral Effects of Salmonella enterica Carriage and Shedding in Experimentally Infected Finishing Pigs SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; RAPID INFECTION; INTERNAL ORGANS; TIME-COURSE; SWINE; CHOLERAESUIS; TRANSMISSION; INOCULATION; EXCRETION AB Finishing pigs infected with Salmonella pose significant food safety risks by carrying the pathogen into abattoirs. This study was conducted to determine the dynamics of Salmonella infection in finishing pigs, and associated immunological, physiological, and behavioral alterations, by longitudinally comparing infected to noninfected pigs during 6 weeks postinfection (p.i.). Bacteriological data revealed that all inoculated pigs started shedding Salmonella within 2 h p.i., and persistently shed the bacteria up to the end of the study. Ileal and cecal contents, as well as mesenteric lymph node samples, were all positive throughout the study, containing 3-4 log(10) cfu/g of Salmonella at 24 h p.i., and 4-5 log(10) cfu/g of Salmonella up to 4 weeks p.i. Levels of Salmonella dropped markedly (p < 0.05) in all samples at 5 weeks p.i. There was no difference between groups for blood cell counts. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha was greater (p < 0.05) in infected pigs: (1) in the mesenteric lymph nodes by 48 h p.i.; (2) at 24 h and 3 weeks p.i. in the ileum; and (3) in the cecum and spleen at 3 weeks p.i. Interleukin-12, interleukin-1 and its antagonist, and a porcine-specific antimicrobial peptide RNA expression in tissues changed over time, but were not different between groups. Infected pigs spent more time in ventral recumbency, standing, and sitting than controls (p < 0.01). Infected pigs were also more active (p < 0.01), and approached a novel object more quickly than control pigs (p < 0.05). No treatment differences were detected for rectal temperature or plasma cortisol (p > 0.10). This study shows that finishing pigs can carry high levels of Salmonella for up to 4 weeks p.i. in the gastrointestinal contents and mesenteric lymph nodes, shedding high levels of the bacteria without developing clinical symptoms, but developing an immune response throughout the intestinal tract. Moreover, subtle behavioral changes measured as postures were detected, and therefore warrant additional investigation. C1 [Rostagno, Marcos H.; Eicher, Susan D.; Lay, Donald C., Jr.] ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Rostagno, MH (reprint author), ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, 125 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM marcos.rostagno@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 5 BP 623 EP 630 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0735 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 760DD UT WOS:000290302500008 PM 21254892 ER PT J AU Durso, LM Harhay, GP Smith, TPL Bono, JL DeSantis, TZ Clawson, ML AF Durso, Lisa M. Harhay, Gregory P. Smith, Timothy P. L. Bono, James L. DeSantis, Todd Z. Clawson, Michael L. TI Bacterial Community Analysis of Beef Cattle Feedlots Reveals That Pen Surface Is Distinct from Feces SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SOIL; DIVERSITY AB The surface of beef cattle feedlot pens is commonly conceptualized as being packed uncomposted manure. Despite the important role that the feedlot pen may play in the transmission of veterinary and zoonotic pathogens, the bacterial ecology of feedlot surface material is not well understood. Our present study characterized the bacterial communities of the beef cattle feedlot pen surface material using 3647 full-length 16S rDNA sequences, and we compared the community composition of feedlot pens to the fecal source material. The feedlot surface composite was represented by members of the phylum Actinobacteria (42%), followed by Firmicutes (24%), Bacteroidetes (24%), and Proteobacteria (9%). The feedlot pen surface material bacterial communities were clearly distinct from those of the feces from animals in the same pen. Comparisons with previously published results of feces from the animals in the same pen reveal that, of 139 genera identified, only 25 were present in both habitats. These results indicate that, microbiologically, the feedlot pen surface material is separate and distinct from the fecal source material, suggesting that bacteria that originate in cattle feces face different selection pressures and survival challenges during their tenure in the feedlot pen, as compared to their residence in the gastrointestinal tract. C1 [Durso, Lisa M.; Harhay, Gregory P.; Smith, Timothy P. L.; Bono, James L.; Clawson, Michael L.] ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [DeSantis, Todd Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Durso, LM (reprint author), ARS, Agroecosyst Management Resource Unit, USDA, 121 Keim Hall,UNL E Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM lisa.durso@ars.usda.gov OI Clawson, Michael/0000-0002-3355-5390 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [108] FX We thank Ron Mlejnek, Steve Simcox, Bob Lee, and Sandy Fryda-Bradley for technical assistance; Melissa Durso and Tammy Sorensen for help with Figure 1; Joan Rosch for secretarial assistance; Randy Bradley, Phil Anderson, and William Dailey for IT support; and the MARC cattle crew for their assistance with sample collection. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Program 108. NR 8 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 8 IS 5 BP 647 EP 649 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0774 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 760DD UT WOS:000290302500012 PM 21214381 ER PT J AU Veluthoor, S Kelsey, RG Gonzalez-Hernandez, MP Panella, N Dolan, M Karchesy, J AF Veluthoor, Sheeba Kelsey, Rick G. Gonzalez-Hernandez, M. P. Panella, Nicholas Dolan, Marc Karchesy, Joe TI Composition of the heartwood essential oil of incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens Torr.) SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE Calocedrus decurrens; GC-MS; heartwood essential oil ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; EXTRACTIVE COMPONENTS; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; YELLOW-CEDAR; CARVACROL; IXODIDAE C1 [Karchesy, Joe] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Veluthoor, Sheeba] SIAS, SCRAMM, Med Chem Lab, Malappurum 673633, Kerala, India. [Kelsey, Rick G.] US Forest Serv, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gonzalez-Hernandez, M. P.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Crop Prod, Lugo 27002, Spain. [Panella, Nicholas; Dolan, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Karchesy, J (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM joe.karchesy@oregonstate.edu OI Gonzalez-Hernandez, M.P./0000-0002-0519-1702 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 9 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PD MAY PY 2011 VL 65 IS 3 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.1515/HF.2011.051 PG 4 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 761EO UT WOS:000290378900007 ER PT J AU Blaszczyk, L Popiel, D Chelkowski, J Koczyk, G Samuels, GJ Sobieralski, K Siwulski, M AF Blaszczyk, Lidia Popiel, Delfina Chelkowski, Jerzy Koczyk, Grzegorz Samuels, Gary J. Sobieralski, Krzysztof Siwulski, Marek TI Species diversity of Trichoderma in Poland SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Hypocreales; Molecular identification; ITS1, ITS2 rRNA; tef1; Phylogenetic analysis; Biogeography ID CYTOTOXIC MODIFIED DIPEPTIDES; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; AGARICUS-BISPORUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; HYPOCREA; FUNGAL; LONGIBRACHIATUM; HYPOCREA/TRICHODERMA; BREVICOMPACTUM AB In the present study, we reinvestigate the diversity of Trichoderma in Poland utilizing a combination of morphological and molecular/phylogenetic methods. A total of 170 isolates were collected from six different substrata at 49 sites in Poland. These were divided among 14 taxa as follows: 110 of 170 Trichoderma isolates were identified to the species level by the analysis of their ITS1, ITS2 rDNA sequences as: T. harzianum (43 isolates), T. aggressivum (35), T. citrinoviride (11), T. hamatum (9), T. virens (6), T. longibrachiatum (4), T. polysporum (1), and T. tomentosum (1); 60 isolates belonging to the Viride clade were identified based on a fragment of the translation-elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene as: T. atroviride (20 isolates), T. gamsii (2), T. koningii (17), T. viridescens (13), T. viride (7), and T. koningiopsis (1). Identifications were made using the BLAST interface in TrichOKEY and TrichoBLAST (http://www.isth.info). The most diverse substrata were soil (nine species per 22 isolates) and decaying wood (nine species per 75 isolates). The most abundant species (25%) isolated from all substrata was T. harzianum. C1 [Blaszczyk, Lidia; Popiel, Delfina; Chelkowski, Jerzy; Koczyk, Grzegorz] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Plant Genet, PL-60479 Poznan, Poland. [Samuels, Gary J.] USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sobieralski, Krzysztof; Siwulski, Marek] Univ Life Sci, Dept Vegetable Crops, PL-60594 Poznan, Poland. RP Blaszczyk, L (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Plant Genet, Strzeszynska 34, PL-60479 Poznan, Poland. EM lgol@igr.poznan.pl FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland [NN310 203037] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland, Project No. NN310 203037. We thank Profs. H. Kwasna and M. Manka, Department of Forest Pathology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, and Dr. M. Szczech, Department of Plant Protection, Research Institute of Vegetable Crops, Skierniewice, for providing some of the isolates included in this study. NR 57 TC 29 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1234-1983 J9 J APPL GENET JI J. Appl. Genetics PD MAY PY 2011 VL 52 IS 2 BP 233 EP 243 DI 10.1007/s13353-011-0039-z PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 760TH UT WOS:000290346200017 PM 21465156 ER PT J AU Delgado-Lista, J Garcia-Rios, A Perez-Martinez, P Solivera, J Yubero-Serrano, EM Fuentes, F Parnell, LD Shen, J Gomez, P Jimenez-Gomez, Y Gomez-Luna, MJ Marin, C Belisle, SE Rodriguez-Cantalejo, F Meydani, SN Ordovas, JM Perez-Jimenez, F Lopez-Miranda, J AF Delgado-Lista, Javier Garcia-Rios, Antonio Perez-Martinez, Pablo Solivera, Juan Yubero-Serrano, Elena M. Fuentes, Francisco Parnell, Laurence D. Shen, Jian Gomez, Purificacion Jimenez-Gomez, Yolanda Gomez-Luna, Maria J. Marin, Carmen Belisle, Sarah E. Rodriguez-Cantalejo, Fernando Meydani, Simin N. Ordovas, Jose M. Perez-Jimenez, Francisco Lopez-Miranda, Jose TI Interleukin 1B Variant-1473G/C (rs1143623) Influences Triglyceride and Interleukin 6 Metabolism SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; FATTY-ACIDS; HEALTHY-MEN; RISK; INFLAMMATION; POLYMORPHISMS; GENETICS; DISEASE AB Context: IL1b (IL1B or IL1 beta), a key modulator of the immune response, exerts its functions mainly via IL6 regulation. Fatty meals cause transient hypertriglyceridemia and are considered to be proinflammatory, but the extent of these responses shows high interindividual susceptibility. Objective: We evaluated the influence of a genetic variant located in the promoter region of IL1B (-1473G/C) on fasting and postprandial lipids and IL6. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 477 people over age 65 yr were genotyped for IL1B -1473G/C, and we evaluated fasting lipids depending on genotype. Then, 88 healthy young men were also genotyped and were fed a saturated fatty acid-rich meal. Serial blood samples were drawn for 11 h after the meal, and lipid fractions and IL6 were assayed. Main Outcome and Interventions: Fasting lipids were studied in the aged persons. Fasting and postprandial measurements of lipids and IL6 were performed in the healthy young men. Results: In the aged persons, CC subjects (minor allele homozygotes) showed higher triglyceride (P = 0.002) and cholesterol (P = 0.011) levels. Healthy young male carriers of the minor C allele showed higher postprandial triglycerides (P = 0.037), and those carried into large triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (P = 0.004). In addition, they showed higher postprandial IL6 concentrations (P = 0.008). Conclusions: Our work shows that inflammatory genes may regulate fasting and postprandial lipids because the carriers of the minor allele of an IL gene variant have altered lipid metabolism. To reinforce these gene-phenotype findings, IL6 (the natural effector of IL1B) was increased in these persons. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96: E816-E820, 2011) C1 [Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Univ Cordoba, Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Inst Maimonides Invest Biomed Cordoba, Med Interna Serv,Unidad Lipidos & Arteriosclerosi, E-14004 Cordoba, Spain. Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Cordoba 14004, Spain. [Shen, Jian] Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Neurosurg Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain. [Belisle, Sarah E.; Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rodriguez-Cantalejo, Fernando] Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Biochem Lab, Cordoba 14004, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Dept Epidemiol & Genet, Madrid 28029, Spain. RP Lopez-Miranda, J (reprint author), Univ Cordoba, Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Inst Maimonides Invest Biomed Cordoba, Med Interna Serv,Unidad Lipidos & Arteriosclerosi, E-14004 Cordoba, Spain. EM jlopezmir@uco.es RI Yubero-Serrano, Elena /H-4832-2013; OI Perez-Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-7499-7681; Perez Martinez, Pablo/0000-0001-7716-8117; Perez Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-9808-1280; FUENTES JIMENEZ, FRANCISCO/0000-0002-4584-7366; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU Proyectos de Investigacion, Junta de Andalucia [PI-0252/2009]; Consejeria de Innovacion, Proyectos de Investigacion de Excelencia Junta de Andalucia [AGR 05/00922, P06-CTS-01425]; Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [AGL-2006-01979/ALI]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 DK075030, R01 HL054776]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [58-1950-9-001, 58-1950-7-707]; NIH [5R01-AG013975]; Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.; DSM Nutritional Products, Inc.; Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged/Harvard Research Nursing Home [PO1 AG004390] FX This work was supported by Proyectos de Investigacion, Junta de Andalucia (PI-0252/2009, to J.D.-L.); Consejeria de Innovacion, Proyectos de Investigacion de Excelencia Junta de Andalucia (AGR 05/00922, to F.P.-J.; and P06-CTS-01425, to J.L.-M.); Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (AGL-2006-01979/ALI, to J.L.-M.); National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants R01 DK075030 and R01 HL054776 and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Grant 58-1950-9-001 (to J.M.O.); NIH Grant 5R01-AG013975 and USDA Grant 58-1950-7-707 (to S.N.M.); a grant for the preparation of study capsules from Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.; and a DSM Nutritional Products, Inc. scholarship. The study was also supported by Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged/Harvard Research Nursing Home Grant PO1 AG004390. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 96 IS 5 BP E816 EP E820 DI 10.1210/jc.2010-2455 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 759AE UT WOS:000290210600007 PM 21307135 ER PT J AU Holland, WL Bikman, BT Wang, LP Yuguang, G Sargent, KM Bulchand, S Knotts, TA Shui, GH Clegg, DJ Wenk, MR Pagliassotti, MJ Scherer, PE Summers, SA AF Holland, William L. Bikman, Benjamin T. Wang, Li-Ping Yuguang, Guan Sargent, Katherine M. Bulchand, Sarada Knotts, Trina A. Shui, Guanghou Clegg, Deborah J. Wenk, Markus R. Pagliassotti, Michael J. Scherer, Philipp E. Summers, Scott A. TI Lipid-induced insulin resistance mediated by the proinflammatory receptor TLR4 requires saturated fatty acid-induced ceramide biosynthesis in mice SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; NF-KAPPA-B; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; SPHINGOLIPID BIOSYNTHESIS; INHIBITOR MYRIOCIN; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; ACCUMULATION AB Obesity is associated with an enhanced inflammatory response that exacerbates insulin resistance and contributes to diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. One mechanism accounting for the increased inflammation associated with obesity is activation of the innate immune signaling pathway triggered by TLR4 recognition of saturated fatty acids, an event that is essential for lipid-induced insulin resistance. Using in vitro and in vivo systems to model lipid induction of TLR4-dependent inflammatory events in rodents, we show here that TLR4 is an upstream signaling component required for saturated fatty acid-induced ceramide biosynthesis. This increase in ceramide production was associated with the upregulation of genes driving cerarnide biosynthesis, an event dependent of the activity of the proinflammatory kinase IKKI3. Importantly, increased ceramide production was not required for TLR4-dependent induction of inflammatory cytokines, but it was essential for TLR4-dependent insulin resistance. These findings suggest that sphingolipids such as cerarnide might be key components of the signaling networks that link lipid-induced inflammatory pathways to the antagonism of insulin action that contributes to diabetes. C1 [Holland, William L.; Clegg, Deborah J.; Scherer, Philipp E.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Internal Med, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Bikman, Benjamin T.; Yuguang, Guan; Bulchand, Sarada; Summers, Scott A.] Duke Natl Univ Singapore, Grad Sch Med, Program Cardiovasc & Metab Dis, Singapore, Singapore. [Wang, Li-Ping; Summers, Scott A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Sarah W Stedman Nutr & Metab Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Sargent, Katherine M.; Summers, Scott A.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Div Endocrinol Metab & Diabet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Knotts, Trina A.] ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Shui, Guanghou; Wenk, Markus R.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biochem, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Pagliassotti, Michael J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Nutr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Summers, SA (reprint author), Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Program Cardiovasc & Metab Dis, 8 Coll Rd 8-15, Singapore 169857, Singapore. EM scott.summers@duke-nus.edu.sg RI Wenk, Markus/D-1441-2014 FU NIH [R01DK081456-01, P01DK088761, F32-DK083866, TL1-DK081181]; Singapore Ministry of Education [MOE2009-T2-2-016]; National Medical Research Council, Singapore [IRG09may004]; Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Ministry of Health, Singapore FX This work was supported by grants from the NIH (R01DK081456-01 to S.A. Summers, P01DK088761 to P.E. Scherer and D.J. Clegg, F32-DK083866 and TL1-DK081181 to W.L. Holland); the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund (MOE2009-T2-2-016); the National Medical Research Council, Singapore (IRG09may004); and the Duke-National University of Singapore Signature Research Program funded by the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, and the Ministry of Health, Singapore. NR 68 TC 220 Z9 229 U1 4 U2 50 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 121 IS 5 BP 1858 EP 1870 DI 10.1172/JCI43378 PG 13 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 759LR UT WOS:000290246800021 PM 21490391 ER PT J AU Peterson, SC Jong, L AF Peterson, Steven C. Jong, Lei TI Effect of Shearing on the Reinforcement Properties of Vital Wheat Gluten SO JOURNAL OF ELASTOMERS AND PLASTICS LA English DT Article DE particle-reinforcement; rheological properties; vital wheat gluten ID HYDROGEN-ION EQUILIBRIA; RUBBER COMPOSITES; LATEX FILMS; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTOMER COMPOSITES; PROTEIN; FUNCTIONALITY; BIOPLASTICS; FLOUR AB An aqueous dispersion of vital wheat gluten and styrene-butadiene rubber was subjected to high-shear mixing in an attempt to reduce the aggregate size and enhance filler-matrix interactions with the goal of improving contributions of the reinforcement to the overall composite properties. Composites were formulated using 10-40% vital wheat gluten by mixing aqueous suspensions of the gluten and rubber, then freeze-drying and compression molding the resulting composite. Rheological experiments indicated that vital wheat gluten reinforced the rubber up to a factor of roughly 30. Subjecting the gluten suspension to high shearing reduced the particle size from approximately 5.2-4.5 mu m, and 16 min was the optimum shearing time since shearing the dispersions longer did not result in any additional size reduction. Composites with 10% vital wheat gluten have good potential in applications requiring high elasticity since they were equal to or better than the carbon black control in terms of Young's modulus, percent elongation, and toughness. Isolated vital wheat gluten was studied in order to determine its relative merit as one of the two reinforcing components of wheat flour (the other being wheat starch), and vital wheat gluten's reinforcing ability was a factor of 10 weaker than wheat flour, indicating that wheat starch is a much more effective biomaterial filler in terms of rigidity, but vital wheat gluten may be more suitable for applications requiring more elasticity. C1 [Peterson, Steven C.; Jong, Lei] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Peterson, SC (reprint author), USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steve.Peterson@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0095-2443 J9 J ELASTOM PLAST JI J. Elastomer Plast. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 3 BP 207 EP 220 DI 10.1177/0095244310397740 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 761XH UT WOS:000290434600001 ER PT J AU Cancalon, PF Barros, SM Haun, C Widmer, WW AF Cancalon, Paul F. Barros, Santiago M. Haun, Carl Widmer, Wilbur W. TI Effect of Maturity, Processing, and Storage on the Furanocoumarin Composition of Grapefruit and Grapefruit Juice SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE 6'; 7'-dihydroxybergamottin; bergamottin; bergaptol; CYP3A4; furanocoumarins; grapefruit; paradisin C; storage; temperature ID DRUG-INTERACTIONS; CYTOCHROME-P450 3A4; CITRUS JUICES; INHIBITION; VARIABILITY; DERIVATIVES; NIFEDIPINE; RELEVANCE; DIMERS; CYP3A4 AB Since the early 1990's, grapefruit juice has been implicated in drug interaction with various furanocoumarins (FCs) now associated with the effect. Although FCs are present in various fruits and vegetables, it is their presence in grapefruit that has attracted the most attention. Studies have shown that FCs in grapefruit juice can vary significantly and from multiple causes. Most of all, FCs are stress-induced molecules, their levels affected by many factors ranging from UV exposure to insect infestation. There are also varietal and seasonal factors. In this study, juice processing and storage parameters were investigated. Prolonged fruit storage prior to processing and most steps involved in juice processing had little influence on the levels of 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin (DHB), paradisin C, or bergamottin. However, products that were hot filled or stored at room temperature had lower amounts of DHB and paradisin C and higher amounts of bergaptol compared to juices that were not hot filled and stored at refrigerated temperatures. Both DHB and paradisin C are potent CYP3A4 inhibitors, while bergaptol is a very weak inhibitor. Bergamottin amounts decreased to a lesser extent. Therefore, grapefruit juice products that were hot filled or have been stored at room temperature for an extended period of time will have a reduced drug interaction potential. Practical Application This research provides information on how grapefruit drug interaction potential of grapefruit juice products are affected by processing and storage of juice products. Shelf stable products stored at room temperature in cans and glass containers will have lower levels of FCs compared to fresh products made from the same juice. Those wishing to minimize drug interaction potential in grapefruit products may do so by heating to pasteurization temperatures for 30 to 60 min. However, this will only lower and not eliminate the drug interaction potential. C1 [Cancalon, Paul F.; Barros, Santiago M.; Haun, Carl] Florida Dept Citrus, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Widmer, Wilbur W.] ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, USDA, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. RP Cancalon, PF (reprint author), Florida Dept Citrus, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM pcancalo@citrus.state.fl.us NR 33 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 76 IS 4 BP C543 EP C548 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02147.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 759TF UT WOS:000290270600028 PM 22417333 ER PT J AU Wan, YT Bankston, JD Bechtel, PJ Sathivel, S AF Wan, Yuting Bankston, Joseph David, Jr. Bechtel, Peter J. Sathivel, Subramaniam TI Microencapsulation of Menhaden Fish Oil Containing Soluble Rice Bran Fiber Using Spray Drying Technology SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE microencapsulation of menhaden oil; purified menhaden oil; soluble rice bran fiber; spray drying ID EMULSION-FILLED GELS; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; WHEY-PROTEIN; PHYSICAL-CHARACTERISTICS; DROPLET SIZE; ENCAPSULATION; DEFORMATION; EXTRACTION; ATOMIZER; MODEL AB Emulsion (EFMO) containing purified menhaden oil (PMO) and soluble rice bran fiber (SRBF) was dried in a pilot scale spray dryer and produced microencapsulated PMO with SRBF (MFMO). EFMO had well isolated spherical droplets with the size of 1 to 10 mu m and showed pseudoplastic fluid and viscoelastic characteristics. EFMO had lower lipid oxidation than the emulsion containing PMO without SRBF when both emulsions were stored at 20 and 40 degrees C for 88 h, which indicated that the SRBF reduced the lipid oxidation in the EFMO. The estimated MFMO production rate (3.45 x 10-5 kg dry solids/s) was higher than the actual production rate (2.31 x 10-5 kg dry solids/s). The energy required to spray dry the EFMO was 12232 kJ/kg of emulsion. EPA and DHA contents of MFMO were 11.52% and 4.51%, respectively. The particle size of 90% MFMO ranged from 8 to 62 mu m, and the volume-length diameter of MFMO was 28.5 mu m. C1 [Wan, Yuting; Bankston, Joseph David, Jr.; Sathivel, Subramaniam] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Food Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, Subarct Res Unit, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. [Sathivel, Subramaniam] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Sathivel, S (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Food Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM ssathivel@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 76 IS 4 BP E348 EP E356 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02111.x PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 759TF UT WOS:000290270600021 PM 22417355 ER PT J AU Rodriguez-Celma, J Lattanzio, G Grusak, MA Abadia, A Abadia, J Lopez-Millan, AF AF Rodriguez-Celma, Jorge Lattanzio, Giuseppe Grusak, Michael A. Abadia, Anunciacion Abadia, Javier Lopez-Millan, Ana-Flor TI Root Responses of Medicago truncatula Plants Grown in Two Different Iron Deficiency Conditions: Changes in Root Protein Profile and Riboflavin Biosynthesis SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Calcium carbonate; DMRLs; iron; C/N metabolism; riboflavin; root; two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ID FERRIC-CHELATE REDUCTASE; BEET BETA-VULGARIS; FE-DEFICIENCY; THYLAKOID MEMBRANES; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; ARABIDOPSIS; FLAVINS; ASSIMILATION; EXPRESSION; NUTRITION AB Iron deficiency is a yield-limiting factor with major implications for field crop production in one-third of the world's agricultural areas, especially those with high soil CaCO3. In the present work, a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis proteomic approach was combined with a study on the riboflavin synthesis pathway, including qPCR and riboflavin determination, to investigate Fe-deficiency responses in Medicago truncatula plants grown with and without CaCO3. Iron deficiency caused a de novo accumulation of DMRLs and GTPcII, proteins involved in riboflavin biosynthesis, as well as marked increases in root riboflavin concentrations and in the expression of four genes from the riboflavin biosynthetic pathway. Two novel changes found were the increased accumulation of proteins related to N recycling and protein catabolism. Other identified changes were consistent with previously found increases in glycolysis, TCA. cycle, and stress-related processes. All effects were more marked in the presence of CaCO3. Our results show that the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway was up-regulated at the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic levels under both Fe-deficiency treatments, especially in the presence of CaCO3. Results also indicate that N recycling occurs in M. truncatula upon Fe deficiency, possibly constituting an additional anaplerotic N and C source for the synthesis of secondary metabolites, carboxylates, and others. C1 [Rodriguez-Celma, Jorge; Lattanzio, Giuseppe; Abadia, Anunciacion; Abadia, Javier; Lopez-Millan, Ana-Flor] CSIC, Plant Nutr Dept, Aula Dei Expt Stn, E-50080 Zaragoza, Spain. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Lopez-Millan, AF (reprint author), CSIC, Plant Nutr Dept, Aula Dei Expt Stn, POB 13034, E-50080 Zaragoza, Spain. EM anaflor@eead.csic.es RI Abadia, Javier/B-8804-2008; Abadia, Anunciacion/A-7474-2010; Rodriguez-Celma, Jorge/E-9513-2012; Mangan, Rachel/A-8824-2008 OI Abadia, Javier/0000-0001-5470-5901; Abadia, Anunciacion/0000-0003-3609-7070; Rodriguez-Celma, Jorge/0000-0002-7967-5136; Mangan, Rachel/0000-0002-8788-9214 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [AGL2009-09018, AGL2010-16515]; FEDER; ERA-NET Plant Genome Research KKBE [MICINN EUI2008-03618]; Aragon Government (group A03); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008]; I3P-CSIC FX This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN; grants AGL2009-09018 and AGL2010-16515, co-financed with FEDER), the trilateral Project Hot Iron (ERA-NET Plant Genome Research KKBE; MICINN EUI2008-03618), the Aragon Government (group A03), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (under Agreement number 58-6250-0-008 to MAG). J,R.-C. was supported by an I3P-CSIC predoctoral fellowship. The authors thank A. Calvin for assistance in growing and harvesting plants, M. Klein for insights in the qPCR experiments and C. M. Li for assistance with molecular biology techniques. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Apiculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 44 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 2590 EP 2601 DI 10.1021/pr2000623 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 759IU UT WOS:000290234800038 PM 21370931 ER PT J AU Park, HJ Choi, M Chun, JA AF Park, Hyun-Jin Choi, Minha Chun, Jong Ahn TI The role of remotely sensed soil moisture to predict surface water elevation at the watershed scale in Korea SO KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE soil moisture; AMSR-E; surface water elevation; regression models ID HYDROLOGY EXPERIMENT; AMSR-E; VARIABILITY; RETRIEVAL AB Soil moisture is one of the most important key physical parameters in hydrological and environmental processes. During the past decade, remote sensing measurements have been widely used to provide mean surface soil moisture on a large spatial scale because conventional ground based measurements are not always available and require more time and cost. However, very few studies have been conducted to estimate the potential of remotely sensed soil moisture to correlate with hydrological processes. This study identified that remotely sensed soil moisture data, Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E (AMSR-E), had a reasonable relationship with surface water elevation after statistical scaling. Simple regression models as a function of soil moisture were developed to predict surface water elevation. This study identified the potential of remotely sensed soil moisture to better understand hydrological processes. C1 [Park, Hyun-Jin; Choi, Minha] Hanyang Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. [Chun, Jong Ahn] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Choi, M (reprint author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea. EM hydro@hanyang.ac.kr; mchoi@hanyang.ac.kr; jongahn.chun@ars.usda.gov FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0005005]; Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs; Korea Forest Research Institute; Korea Science and Engineering Foundation FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0005005). The in situ soil moisture data were provided by KoFlux from projects funded by the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, the Korea Forest Research Institute, and the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation. Many thanks to graduate student, Jiye Kang, Hanyang University for her assistance. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1226-7988 J9 KSCE J CIV ENG JI KSCE J. Civ. Eng. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 15 IS 5 BP 939 EP 944 DI 10.1007/s12205-011-1153-5 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 756VK UT WOS:000290042600022 ER PT J AU Bolon, YT Haun, WJ Xu, WW Grant, D Stacey, MG Nelson, RT Gerhardt, DJ Jeddeloh, JA Stacey, G Muehlbauer, GJ Orf, JH Naeve, SL Stupar, RM Vance, CP AF Bolon, Yung-Tsi Haun, William J. Xu, Wayne W. Grant, David Stacey, Minviluz G. Nelson, Rex T. Gerhardt, Daniel J. Jeddeloh, Jeffrey A. Stacey, Gary Muehlbauer, Gary J. Orf, James H. Naeve, Seth L. Stupar, Robert M. Vance, Carroll P. TI Phenotypic and Genomic Analyses of a Fast Neutron Mutant Population Resource in Soybean SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID DESATURASE; REVERSE GENETICS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; STRUCTURAL VARIATION; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; PHENOME ANALYSIS; OLEATE CONTENT; GLYCINE-MAX; MUTAGENESIS AB Mutagenized populations have become indispensable resources for introducing variation and studying gene function in plant genomics research. In this study, fast neutron (FN) radiation was used to induce deletion mutations in the soybean (Glycine max) genome. Approximately 120,000 soybean seeds were exposed to FN radiation doses of up to 32 Gray units to develop over 23,000 independent M2 lines. Here, we demonstrate the utility of this population for phenotypic screening and associated genomic characterization of striking and agronomically important traits. Plant variation was cataloged for seed composition, maturity, morphology, pigmentation, and nodulation traits. Mutants that showed significant increases or decreases in seed protein and oil content across multiple generations and environments were identified. The application of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to lesion-induced mutants for deletion mapping was validated on a midoleate x-ray mutant, M23, with a known FAD2-1A (for fatty acid desaturase) gene deletion. Using CGH, a subset of mutants was characterized, revealing deletion regions and candidate genes associated with phenotypes of interest. Exome resequencing and sequencing of PCR products confirmed FN-induced deletions detected by CGH. Beyond characterization of soybean FN mutants, this study demonstrates the utility of CGH, exome sequence capture, and next-generation sequencing approaches for analyses of mutant plant genomes. We present this FN mutant soybean population as a valuable public resource for future genetic screens and functional genomics research. C1 [Bolon, Yung-Tsi; Vance, Carroll P.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Haun, William J.; Muehlbauer, Gary J.; Orf, James H.; Naeve, Seth L.; Stupar, Robert M.; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Xu, Wayne W.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Grant, David; Nelson, Rex T.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stacey, Minviluz G.; Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Gerhardt, Daniel J.; Jeddeloh, Jeffrey A.] Roche NimbleGen Inc, Res & Dev, Madison, WI 53719 USA. RP Bolon, YT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM hsie0024@umn.edu; orfxx001@umn.edu; stup0004@umn.edu; carroll.vance@ars.usda.gov OI Stupar, Robert/0000-0002-8836-2924 FU National Science Foundation [0820769]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System [3640-21000-024-00D]; Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council; United Soybean Board [0288] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program (award no. 0820769), the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System (grant no. 3640-21000-024-00D), the Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council, and the United Soybean Board (project no. 0288). NR 62 TC 61 Z9 68 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 156 IS 1 BP 240 EP 253 DI 10.1104/pp.110.170811 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 758ZG UT WOS:000290207100019 PM 21321255 ER PT J AU Tucker, ML Murphy, CA Yang, RH AF Tucker, Mark L. Murphy, Charles A. Yang, Ronghui TI Gene Expression Profiling and Shared Promoter Motif for Cell Wall-Modifying Proteins Expressed in Soybean Cyst Nematode-Infected Roots SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NAC TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; AERENCHYMA FORMATION; MESSENGER-RNA; APICAL BUDS; AUXIN; STRESS; ABSCISSION; INITIATION; INDUCTION AB We hypothesized that soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) co-opts part or all of one or more innate developmental process in soybean (Glycine max) to establish its feeding structure, syncytium, in soybean roots. The syncytium is formed within the vascular bundle by partial degradation of cell walls and membranes between adjacent parenchyma cells. A mature syncytium incorporates as many as 200 cells into one large multinucleated cell. Gene expression patterns for several cell wall-modifying proteins were compared in multiple tissues undergoing major shifts in cell wall integrity. These included SCN-colonized roots, root tips where vascular differentiation occurs, flooded roots (aerenchyma), adventitious rooting in hypocotyls, and leaf abscission zones. A search in the 5' upstream promoters of these genes identified a motif (SCNbox1: WGCATGTG) common to several genes that were up-regulated in several different tissues. The polygalacturonase 11 promoters (GmPG11a/b) include the SCNbox1 motif. The expression pattern for GmPG11a was examined further in transgenic soybean containing a PG11a promoter fused to a beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. GUS expression was highest in cells undergoing radial expansion in the stele and/or cell wall dissolution. GUS staining was not observed in cortical cells where a lateral root tip or a growing nematode emerged through the root cortex. C1 [Tucker, Mark L.; Murphy, Charles A.; Yang, Ronghui] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Tucker, ML (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mark.tucker@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 156 IS 1 BP 319 EP 329 DI 10.1104/pp.110.170357 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 758ZG UT WOS:000290207100025 PM 21430185 ER PT J AU Sempertegui, F Estrella, B Tucker, KL Hamer, DH Narvaez, X Sempertegui, M Griffiths, JK Noel, SE Dallal, GE Selhub, J Meydani, SN AF Sempertegui, Fernando Estrella, Bertha Tucker, Katherine L. Hamer, Davidson H. Narvaez, Ximena Sempertegui, Mercy Griffiths, Jeffrey K. Noel, Sabrina E. Dallal, Gerard E. Selhub, Jacob Meydani, Simin N. TI Metabolic syndrome in the elderly living in marginal peri-urban communities in Quito, Ecuador SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Elderly; Metabolic syndrome; Ecuador; Micronutrient deficiency; C-reactive protein ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; VITAMIN-E; HEALTH; POPULATION; HOMOCYSTEINE; NUTRITION; PLASMA AB Objective: The proportion of the Latin American population aged >60 years is expected to double during the next few decades. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, little is known about MetS in Latin America in general, and in Ecuador in particular. The present study aimed to examine the prevalence of MetS and its association with blood micronutrient, homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations in the elderly living in a low-income urban area. Design: We performed a cross-sectional study. MetS, using the International Diabetes Federation definition, dietary intake and plasma micronutrient, CRP and Hcy concentrations were assessed. Subjects: A total of 352 elderly (>= 65 years) Ecuadorians. Setting: Quito, Ecuador. Results: MetS was prevalent (40%) - considerably more so among women (81%) than men (19%; chi(2) = 32.6, P < 0.0001). Further, 53% of those without MetS exhibited two or more of its components. Micronutrient deficiencies were prevalent, including those of vitamin C, zinc, vitamin B(12) and folate. Vitamin C and E concentrations were inversely (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.71, 0.86; OR = 0.16, 95% CI 0.03, 0.81, respectively) and CRP (OR =1.79, 95% CI 1.04, 3.06) was positively associated with MetS. Conclusions: The coexistence of MetS with micronutrient deficiencies suggests that elderly Ecuadorians suffer from the double burden of diseases that are increasingly being observed in less developed countries. More research is needed to determine the causal factors, but results presented suggest that these older adults would benefit from interventions to reduce the risk factors for MetS, in particular higher consumption of micronutrient-rich foods. C1 [Tucker, Katherine L.; Noel, Sabrina E.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Selhub, Jacob; Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Sempertegui, Fernando; Estrella, Bertha; Narvaez, Ximena; Sempertegui, Mercy] Corporac Ecuatoriana Biotecnol, Quito, Ecuador. [Tucker, Katherine L.; Hamer, Davidson H.; Griffiths, Jeffrey K.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Selhub, Jacob; Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Meydani, Simin N.] Tufts Univ, Dept Pathol, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Griffiths, Jeffrey K.] Tufts Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Family Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Griffiths, Jeffrey K.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Sch Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Meydani, SN (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM simin.meydani@tufts.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X; Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 FU US National Institutes of Health (Fogarty International Center) [R03 TW005779]; US National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Aging) [2R01 AG009140]; US National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Child Health and Development) [R01 HD38327]; US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX The present study was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (Fogarty International Center R03 TW005779; the National Institute of Aging, 2R01 AG009140; and the National Institute of Child Health and Development R01 HD38327); and the US Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement no. 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. No conflict of interest exists between any of the authors or contributors to the study. F. S. contributed to the design of the study, organization of the study team, preparation of the informed consent, supervision of the enrolment, general supervision of the study and preparation of the entire manuscript; B. E. contributed to the design of the study, standardization of the study team in all measurements, database preparation, analysis of the data and preparation of the entire manuscript; K. L. T. contributed to the analysis, design and interpretation, guidance for field data collection and editing of the final manuscript; D. H. H. contributed to the development of the study design, initial training of data collectors and pilot testing of the data collection instruments, data analysis and assisted with the writing and editing of the manuscript; X.N. contributed to the clinical examination, D. T. H. to application and reading and to the preparation of the manuscript; M. S. contributed to the enrolment and anthropometric measurements, CRONOS application and to the preparation of the manuscript; J.K.G. contributed to the design of the study and review of the manuscript; S.E.N. contributed to the review of the literature and to the Introduction and Methods section of the manuscript, besides assisting in the editing of the Results and Conclusion sections; G. E. D. contributed to the analysis and interpretation of the data, and critically reviewed the manuscript; J.S. contributed to the analysis of the samples and review of the manuscript; S.N.M. contributed to the design of the study, obtained funds to conduct the study, developed the questionnaires and data collection form and conducted the overall supervision of the study with F. S., besides helping with data analysis, data interpretation and manuscript preparation. The Nutritional Evaluation Laboratory of HNRCA conducted the biochemical analysis and outside colleagues Dr Hooman Poor and Dr Jatin Roper helped with field data collection. Alicia Rodriguez and Monica Sanaicela applied the dietary recall. NR 56 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 14 IS 5 BP 758 EP 767 DI 10.1017/S1368980010002636 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 757SB UT WOS:000290106900003 PM 20955641 ER PT J AU Harmel, RD Haney, RL Smith, DR AF Harmel, R. Daren Haney, Rick L. Smith, Doug R. TI Effects of Annual Turkey Litter Application on Surface Soil Quality of a Texas Blackland Vertisol SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Waste utilization; poultry litter; soil quality; fertilizer ID NORTH CENTRAL TEXAS; BROILER LITTER; POULTRY LITTER; TEST PHOSPHORUS; MANGANESE; COPPER; ZINC; MANAGEMENT; EXTRACTANT; TILLAGE AB Proper application management is essential to minimize adverse environmental effects and maximize agronomic benefits of land applying poultry litter as a nutrient source and soil amendment. In this study, turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) litter was applied to five cultivated fields (target rates 4.5, 6.7, 9.0, 11.2, 13.4 Mg ha(-1)) and to two pasture fields (target rates 6.7, 13.4 Mg ha(-1)) to evaluate the effects on surface soil quality in the Vertisol-dominated Texas Blackland Prairie. A cultivated field that received only inorganic fertilizer and two pasture fields (one native prairie and one grazed pasture) served as "controls." Despite the annual variability in litter composition, actual application rates, and weather conditions, 7 years of litter application produced several significant differences in surface soil properties. Litter application produced significant increasing trends in soil organic C and extractable P for several cultivated and pasture fields. Similarly, after seven annual litter applications, litter rate was significantly related to total N, total P, extractable P, Zn, and Cu in the cultivated fields and to total P, extractable P, Zn, and Cu in the pasture fields. These observations coupled with previous findings indicate that annual litter application rates should be within 2.2 to 4.5 Mg ha(-1) for cropland and 4.5 to 6.7 Mg ha(-1) for pasture to limit the buildup of extractable P, Zn, and Cu in the soil. Although these target rates appear to be appropriate, the annual variability in litter composition (both nutrients and moisture) can, if not accounted for, make it difficult to determine proper application rates. Therefore, preapplication soil and litter testing and spreader calibration is strongly recommended so that litter application supplies only crop nutrient requirements (typically P) and balances agronomic and environmental concerns. C1 [Harmel, R. Daren; Haney, Rick L.; Smith, Doug R.] USDA ARS, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Harmel, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM daren.harmel@ars.usda.gov FU Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [319]; USDA-ARS FX Funding for this project was provided by the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through a Clean Water Act 319 grant, and the USDA-ARS. The authors thank Shalamar Armstrong and Mark Cochran for their review and comments that improved this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 176 IS 5 BP 227 EP 236 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e318214fab4 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 758FO UT WOS:000290147500003 ER PT J AU Hongthanat, N Kovar, JL Thompson, ML AF Hongthanat, Najphak Kovar, John L. Thompson, Michael L. TI Sorption Indices to Estimate Risk of Soil Phosphorus Loss in the Rathbun Lake Watershed, Iowa SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Phosphorus risk indices; degree of P saturation; equilibrium P concentration ID SEDIMENT PHOSPHORUS; CALCAREOUS SOILS; SATURATION; MEHLICH-3; CAPACITY AB To rank and better understand the risk of P loss from potentially erodible soil materials in the Mollisol-dominated watershed of Rathbun Lake in southern Iowa, we sampled seven representative soil materials at four floodplain sites. We compared the samples by using a variety of characteristics and indices, including particle size distribution; total P, C, and N; P sorption indices; equilibrium P concentration; and degree of P saturation, as assessed by dithionite, oxalate, and Mehlich 3 extraction (M3) methods. None of the Mehlich 3 P values of samples in the present study were high enough to suggest a high risk of water impairment caused by P. Equilibrium P concentration (EPC) values ranged from 0.01 to 0.23 mg L(-1). We found that EPC values were significantly correlated with Fe extractable by oxalate or the M3, as well as with total C and total N. The oxalate and M3 provided generally consistent degree of phosphorus saturation indices, leading us to propose three general risk categories for these soil materials: low, intermediate, and high. We conclude that poorly crystalline Fe oxides and organic matter are likely to exert considerable control over the release of P to stream water from materials eroded from these sites. Moreover, risk rankings based on degree of phosphorus saturation values may not be consistent with interpretations of P mobility that are derived from EPC and sorption indices. C1 [Hongthanat, Najphak; Thompson, Michael L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kovar, John L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Thompson, ML (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mlthomps@iastate.edu FU USDA-CSREES [406]; Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture at Iowa State University FX We gratefully acknowledge Thomas Isenhart and James Russell for timely and insightful advice that contributed greatly to the results of this study. We thank Douglas Bear, Jay Berkey, Teresita Chua, Mostafa Ibrahim, and Mustafa Tufekcioglu for technical support. We are grateful to the USDA-CSREES 406 program and the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture at Iowa State University for providing financial support. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 176 IS 5 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e318214fa9b PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 758FO UT WOS:000290147500004 ER PT J AU Zeinali, M McConnell, LL Hapeman, CJ Nguyen, A Schmidt, WE Howard, CJ AF Zeinali, Mazyar McConnell, Laura L. Hapeman, Cathleen J. Anh Nguyen Schmidt, Walter E. Howard, Cody J. TI Volatile organic compounds in pesticide formulations: Methods to estimate ozone formation potential SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ozone formation potential; Pesticide; Volatile organic compounds; Thermogravimetric analysis; Agriculture ID VAPOR-PRESSURES; CHEMICALS; CHEMISTRY; SYSTEM; CROP AB The environmental fate and toxicity of active ingredients in pesticide formulations has been investigated for many decades, but relatively little research has been conducted on the fate of pesticide co-formulants or inerts. Some co-formulants are volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and can contribute to ground-level ozone pollution. Effective product assessment methods are required to reduce emissions of the most reactive VOCs. Six emulsifiable concentrate pesticide products were characterized for percent VOC by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC MS). TGA estimates exceeded GC MS by 10-50% in all but one product, indicating that for some products a fraction of active ingredient is released during TGA or that VOC contribution was underestimated by GC MS. VOC profiles were examined using TGA Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) evolved gas analysis and were compared to GC MS results. The TGA FTIR method worked best for products with the simplest and most volatile formulations, but could be developed into an effective product screening tool. An ozone formation potential (OFP) for each product was calculated using the chemical composition from GC MS and published maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) values. OFP values ranged from 0.1 to 3.1 g ozone g(-1) product. A 24-h VOC emission simulation was developed for each product assuming a constant emission rate calculated from an equation relating maximum flux rate to vapor pressure. Results indicate 100% VOC loss for some products within a few hours, while other products containing less volatile components will remain in the field for several days after application. An alternate method to calculate a product OFP was investigated utilizing the fraction of the total mass of each chemical emitted at the end of the 24-h simulation. The ideal assessment approach will include: 1) unambiguous chemical composition information; 2) flexible simulation models to estimate emissions under different management practices; and 3) accurate reactivity predictions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McConnell, Laura L.; Hapeman, Cathleen J.; Anh Nguyen; Schmidt, Walter E.; Howard, Cody J.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zeinali, Mazyar] nEnvironmental LLC, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. RP McConnell, LL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 007,BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mazyar.z@nEnvironmental.com; Laura.McConnell@ars.usda.gov; cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov; anh.nguyen@ars.usda.gov; walter.schmidt@ars.usda.gov; cody.howard@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS); International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) [2006-011-1-600] FX This work was funded through a US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) research project as part of the ARS National Program on Air Quality including a non-funded cooperative research partnership with nEnvironmental, LLC. This work also serves as a final product for an International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Project, 2006-011-1-600 "Critical Review of Available Methods to Predict VOC Emission Potentials for Pesticide Formulations" under Division VI, Chemistry and the Environment. Members of IUPAC Division VI provided comments on initial drafts of this manuscript but the experimental design and data interpretation were conceived and prepared solely by the authors. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 45 IS 14 BP 2404 EP 2412 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.015 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 755JQ UT WOS:000289926700009 ER PT J AU Greenway, SL Moore, MT Farris, JL Rhoton, FE AF Greenway, S. L. Moore, M. T. Farris, J. L. Rhoton, F. E. TI Effects of Fluidized Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Gypsum on Non-Target Freshwater and Sediment Dwelling Organisms SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil amendment; Toxicity; Macroinvertebrate ID SURFACE; RUNOFF AB Fluidized gas desulfurization gypsum is a popular agricultural soil amendment used to increase calcium and sulfur contents, and reduce aluminum toxicity. Due to its surface application in conservation tillage systems and high solubility, the soluble components of gypsum may be transferred with agricultural runoff into receiving waters. The current study measured toxicity of gypsum to Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephales promelas, Chironomus dilutus, and Hyalella azteca. Solutions at 2,400 mg gypsum/L (maximum solubility) produced no observable toxicity to C. dubia and P. promelas. Mixtures of a control sediment and gypsum indicated no observed toxicity effects for H. azteca, although effects were noted at 25% dilution for C. dilutus. Data suggest gypsum is not harmful to freshwater organisms at concentrations expected in the agricultural environment. C1 [Moore, M. T.; Rhoton, F. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Greenway, S. L.] Mt View Sch Dist, Mountain View, AR 72560 USA. [Farris, J. L.] Arkansas State Univ, Arkansas Biosci Inst, State Univ, AR 72467 USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 86 IS 5 BP 480 EP 483 DI 10.1007/s00128-011-0246-7 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 754ZW UT WOS:000289897400005 PM 21431885 ER PT J AU Zelinka, SL Stone, DS AF Zelinka, Samuel L. Stone, Donald S. TI Corrosion of metals in wood: Comparing the results of a rapid test method with long-term exposure tests across six wood treatments SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Steel; Zinc; Polarization; Weight loss ID POLARIZATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS; TREATED WOOD; TAFEL SLOPES; RATES; FASTENERS AB This paper compares two methods of measuring the corrosion of steel and galvanized steel in wood: a long-term exposure test in solid wood and a rapid test method where fasteners are electrochemically polarized in extracts of wood treated with six different treatments. For traditional wood preservatives, the electrochemical extract method correlates with solid wood exposure which suggests that the reduction of cupric ions is the cathodic reaction in both the solid wood and the extract. For treatments without copper, the extract method predicted a higher corrosion rate than the solid wood exposure. For these treatments, the cathodic reaction appears to be the reduction of acid and dissolved oxygen. The practical implication of this work is that in some cases, the rapid test method could be used to screen new fasteners and wood preservatives. Scientifically, this work increases the understanding of the mechanism of corrosion of fasteners in treated and untreated wood. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zelinka, Samuel L.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Stone, Donald S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Coll Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Zelinka, SL (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM szelinka@fs.fed.us RI Zelinka, Samuel/A-9198-2009; Stone, Donald/A-7496-2016 FU Federal Highway Administration FX This work was partially funded by the Federal Highway Administration Covered Bridge Research Program. The authors thank the assistance of USDA Forest Products Laboratory employees Thomas A. Kuster, Daniel. O. Foster, and James T. Gilbertson for their assistance with the experimental work, and Tivoli Gough for drawing Figs. 1, 4 and 8. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1708 EP 1714 DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2011.01.039 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 754OY UT WOS:000289866400011 ER PT J AU Kellermayer, R Dowd, SE Harris, RA Balasa, A Schaible, TD Wolcott, RD Tatevian, N Szigeti, R Li, ZJ Versalovic, J Smith, CW AF Kellermayer, Richard Dowd, Scot E. Harris, R. Alan Balasa, Alfred Schaible, Tiffany D. Wolcott, Randy D. Tatevian, Nina Szigeti, Reka Li, Zhijie Versalovic, James Smith, C. Wayne TI Colonic mucosal DNA methylation, immune response, and microbiome patterns in Toll-like receptor 2-knockout mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE metagenomics; inflammatory bowel diseases; metabolic syndrome; epigenetics; Tlr2 ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; CROHNS-DISEASE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GENE-EXPRESSION; GUT MICROBIOTA; GROWTH-FACTOR; TLR2; BACTERIA; CANCER AB The connection between intestinal microbiota and host physiology is increasingly becoming recognized. The details of this dynamic interaction, however, remain to be explored. Toll-like receptor 2 (Tlr2) is important for its role in bacterial recognition, intestinal inflammation, and obesity-related metabolic changes. Therefore, we sought to determine the epigenomic and metagenomic consequences of Tlr2 deficiency in the colonic mucosa of mice to gain insights into biological pathways that shape the interface between the gut microbiota and the mammalian host. Colonic mucosa from wild type (WT) and Tlr2(-/-) C57BL/6 mice was interrogated by microarrays specific for DNA methylation and gene expression. The mucosal microbiome was studied by next-generation pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA. The expression of genes involved in immune processes was significantly modified by the absence of Tlr2, a number of which correlated with DNA methylation changes. The epigenomic and transcriptomic modifications associated with alteration in mucosal microbial composition. Several bacterial species, including members of the Firmicutes were significantly different in abundance between WT and Tlr2(-/-) animals. This manuscript highlights the intimate interrelationships between expression of immune-related genes and immunity pathways in the host with compositional and functional differences of the mammalian microbiome.-Kellermayer, R., Dowd, S. E., Harris, R. A., Balasa, A., Schaible, T. D., Wolcott, R. D., Tatevian, N., Szigeti, R., Li, Z., Versalovic, J., Smith, C. W. Colonic mucosal DNA methylation, immune response, and microbiome patterns in Toll-like receptor 2-knockout mice. FASEB J. 25, 1449-1460 (2011). www.fasebj.org C1 [Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Harris, R. Alan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Szigeti, Reka; Versalovic, James] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.; Wolcott, Randy D.] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. [Tatevian, Nina] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Houston, TX USA. [Smith, C. Wayne] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kellermayer, R (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Pediat, 6621 Fannin St,CC1010-00, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellerma@bcm.edu FU Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America-Children's Digestive Health and Nutrition Foundation/North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition [CCFA 2426]; Broad Medical Research Program; Broad Foundation [IBD-0252]; U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service Child Health Research Center [6250-51000-055]; National Human Genome Research Initiative ENCODE [U54HG004592]; National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease [R01 DK065075, UH3 DK083990, P30 DK56338]; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine [R01 AT004326] FX The authors thank Stefi Lee for her outstanding technical support. R. K. was supported by a young investigator joint award from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America-Children's Digestive Health and Nutrition Foundation/North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, (CCFA 2426), and the Broad Medical Research Program, the Broad Foundation (IBD-0252). C. W. S. was supported by a U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service Child Health Research Center, Current Research Information System Project grant (6250-51000-055). DNaseI mapping data were funded through a National Human Genome Research Initiative ENCODE grant (U54HG004592) to John A. Stamatoyannopoulos (University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA). J.V. was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease (R01 DK065075, UH3 DK083990, and P30 DK56338) and the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (R01 AT004326). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 65 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 17 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1449 EP 1460 DI 10.1096/fj.10-172205 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 756OU UT WOS:000290023800004 PM 21228220 ER PT J AU Narvekar, PS Heygster, G Tonboe, R Jackson, TJ AF Narvekar, Parag S. Heygster, Georg Tonboe, Rasmus Jackson, Thomas J. TI Analysis of WindSat Third and Fourth Stokes Components Over Arctic Sea Ice SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Passive polarimetry; sea ice; WindSat ID CALIBRATION; RADIOMETER; SIGNATURES; SSM/I AB WindSat has provided an opportunity to investigate the first spaceborne passive fully polarimetric observations of the Earth's surface. In this paper, Arctic sea ice was investigated. The passive polarimetric data are provided in the form of the modified Stokes vector consisting of four parameters. The first two components of the modified Stokes vector are the vertically and horizontally polarized brightness temperatures, which have been continuously measured by various radiometers over the last three decades. The third and fourth Stokes components provide information on the degree of polarization of the emission. In this paper, three types of analysis are carried out: spatial (maps considering different azimuth angle intervals), temporal (time series of daily averaged Stokes components over a small selected azimuth angle range), and azimuthal (variations w.r.t. the azimuth angle over selected study areas). Analysis has shown the highest brightness temperature variations for the 37-GHz third Stokes component (> 2 K) during summer. The next highest signals were observed for the 10.7-GHz third and fourth Stokes components (> 1 K) during summer as well. The 37-GHz fourth Stokes component exhibited the least variability (> 1 K). Spikes of up to 2 K were identified in the time series of the 37-GHz third Stokes component during mid-January 2004 (winter) over first-year ice regions. The near-surface air temperature of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts model data and the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager National Aeronautics and Space Administration Team ice concentrations revealed that, during these events, the surface temperatures reached near melting levels and the retrieved ice concentrations were reduced to about 80%. Moreover, these observations also showed clear evidence of first harmonic azimuthal dependence. Geophysical parameters, such as temperature and ice leads, are likely to be the causes. The larger signals which occurred during summer were identified as being related to the ice surface temperatures being near melting. C1 [Narvekar, Parag S.] CUNY, CCNY, Div Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Heygster, Georg] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. [Tonboe, Rasmus] Danish Meteorol Inst, Ctr Ocean & Ice, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark. [Jackson, Thomas J.] Danish Meteorol Inst, Ctr Ocean & Ice, DK-2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark. [Jackson, Thomas J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Narvekar, PS (reprint author), CUNY, CCNY, Div Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA. FU European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility under Visiting Scientist Activity [SG08VSQ1] FX This work was supported by the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility under Visiting Scientist Activity SG08VSQ1. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAY PY 2011 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1627 EP 1636 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2010.2089058 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 755DF UT WOS:000289906200012 ER PT J AU Winkler-Moser, JK Breyer, L AF Winkler-Moser, Jill K. Breyer, Lotta TI Composition and oxidative stability of crude oil extracts of corn germ and distillers grains SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Corn; Distillers grains; DDGS; Tocopherols; Phytosterols; Oxidation ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; VEGETABLE-OILS; FATTY-ACIDS; CAROTENOIDS; HEALTH; LIPIDS; TOCOTRIENOLS; TOCOPHEROLS; PHYTOSTEROL; DISEASE AB The fatty acid composition, Acid Value, and the content and composition of tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids, phytosterols, and steryl ferulates were determined in corn germ oil and four post-fermentation corn oils from the ethanol dry grind process. The oxidative stability index at 110 degrees C was determined for the five oils, and four oils were compared for their stability during storage at 40 degrees C as determined by peroxide value and hexanal content. The fatty acid composition of all five oils was typical for corn oil. The Acid Value (and percentage of free fatty acids) was highest (28.3 mg KOH/g oil) in corn oil extracted centrifugally from a conventional dry grind ethanol processing facility and for oil extracted, using hexane. from distillers dried grains with solubles (DOGS) from a raw starch ethanol processing facility (20.8 mg KOH/g oil). Acid Value was lowest in two oils extracted centrifugally from thin stillage in a raw starch ethanol facility (5.7 and 6.9 mg KOH/g oil). Tocopherols were highest in corn germ oil (similar to 1400 mu g/g), but tocotrienols, phytosterols, steryl ferulates, and carotenoids were higher in all of the post-fermentation corn oils. Hexane extracted oil from DDGS was the most oxidatively stable as evaluated by OSI and storage test at 40 degrees C, followed by centrifugally extracted thin stillage oil from the raw starch ethanol process, and centrifugally extracted thin stillage oil from the conventional dry grind ethanol process. Corn germ oil was the least oxidatively stable. When stored at room temperature, the peroxide value of centrifugally extracted thin stillage oil from the raw starch ethanol process did not significantly increase until after six weeks of storage, and was less than 2.0 mequiv. peroxide/kg oil after three months of storage. These results indicate that post-fermentation corn oils have higher content of valuable functional lipids than corn germ oil. Some of these functional lipids have antioxidant activity which increases the oxidative stability of the post-fermentation oils. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Winkler-Moser, Jill K.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Breyer, Lotta] POET Res, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA. RP Winkler-Moser, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Jill.Moser@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 33 IS 3 BP 572 EP 578 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.12.013 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 757EA UT WOS:000290066700003 ER PT J AU Zheljazkov, VD Cantrell, CL Astatkie, T AF Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Cantrell, Charles L. Astatkie, Tess TI Variation in podophyllotoxin concentration in leaves and rhizomes of American mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum L.) SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Mayapple; Podophyllum; Podophyllotoxin; Leaves; Roots ID EASTERN RED CEDAR; ETOPOSIDE; PLANT; YIELD AB Podophyllotoxin is a precursor for compounds used in the synthesis of commercially available anticancer drugs and their precursors etoposide, teniposide, and etopophos. Podophyllotoxin is currently obtained from the underground plant parts (roots and rhizomes) of Himalayan mayapple (Podophyllum emodii Wall.) but is also found in several other species, including American mayapple. There is no information in the literature on podophyllotoxin concentration in the roots or rhizomes of the American mayapple, and it was not clear if podophyllotoxin concentration in underground plant parts is correlated with the concentration in aboveground plant parts. The objective of this study was to estimate podophyllotoxin concentration in the leaves and rhizomes of 28 accessions of American mayapple under natural conditions (wild) and compare this to podophyllotoxin concentrations of same accessions in the leaves when cultivated. Podophyllotoxin concentration in the rhizomes was positively correlated to soil organic matter content and to the concentrations of soil-available P and Na. Podophyllotoxin in the leaves was negatively correlated to soil-available Mg concentrations. The concentration of podophyllotoxin in the leaves varied from undetectable amounts to 2.52%, whereas podophyllotoxin in rhizomes varied from 0.14% to 0.42%. Most of the accessions had greater than 0.45% podophyllotoxin concentration in the leaves under both wild and cultivated conditions. There was no significant correlation between the podophyllotoxin concentrations in rhizomes and leaves; nine accessions had the highest podophyllotoxin concentration in leaves under natural environment. Another nine accessions had the highest podophyllotoxin in the leaves under cultivated conditions, and an additional eight accessions had greater podophyllotoxin concentrations in roots than in leaves irrespective of the environment. The results from this study may contribute toward developing American mayapple into a new cash crop for U.S. farmers. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Mississippi State Univ, N Mississippi Res & Extens Ctr, Verona, MS 38879 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Nova Scotia Agr Coll, Dept Engn, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, 663 Wyarno Rd, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. EM vjeliazk@uwyo.edu RI Jones, Andrew/F-8729-2011; Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012 OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789 FU ARS Specific Coop. [58-6402-4-026]; CRIS [MIS-172050]; National Center for Natural Products Research; National Park Service; Natchez Trace Parkway FX This research was funded in part by ARS Specific Coop. Agreement 58-6402-4-026 with CRIS MIS-172050 and by a National Center for Natural Products Research grant. Approved for publication as Journal Article No. J-11849 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University. We acknowledge support by the National Park Service and Natchez Trace Parkway, who enabled this work with permit NATR-2008-SCI-0006. We thank Thomas Horgan, Vasile Cerven, and Randy Harkness for helping with the collection of the material. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 33 IS 3 BP 633 EP 637 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.12.025 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 757EA UT WOS:000290066700013 ER PT J AU Nichols, NN Sutivisedsak, N Dien, BS Biswas, A Lesch, WC Cotta, MA AF Nichols, Nancy N. Sutivisedsak, Nongnuch Dien, Bruce S. Biswas, Atanu Lesch, William C. Cotta, Michael A. TI Conversion of starch from dry common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to ethanol SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; Starch; Phaseolus; Common beans; Dry beans; Phytochemicals ID FIELD PEAS; HEALTH; NUTRITION; PULSES; CORN AB Dry common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L) were evaluated for potential conversion of starch to ethanol. Eight varieties of beans with average starch content of 46% (db) were assayed in a laboratory-scaled process based upon the commercial corn dry grind fermentation process. Ethanol yield was 0.43-0.51 g ethanol/g glucose (0.19-0.23 g ethanol/g beans). The average ethanol yield for the eight bean types was 92% of maximum theoretical yield, demonstrating that starch from beans could be efficiently converted to ethanol. Ethanol concentration obtained from 20% (w/w) solids loading was 3.5-4.4% (w/v). The residual fermentation solids contained, on a dry basis, 37.1-43.6% crude protein, 10.8-15.1% acid detergent fiber and 19.1-31.3% neutral detergent fiber. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nichols, Nancy N.; Dien, Bruce S.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sutivisedsak, Nongnuch; Biswas, Atanu] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lesch, William C.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Mkt, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Nichols, NN (reprint author), ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM nancy.nichols@ars.usda.gov OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754; Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 FU Northarvest Bean Growers Association FX We thank the Northarvest Bean Growers Association for a grant in support of N.S. We thank Janet Berfield and Sarah Frazer for technical assistance, and Genencor International for the gift of enzymes. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 33 IS 3 BP 644 EP 647 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.12.029 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 757EA UT WOS:000290066700015 ER PT J AU Li, XJ Cai, ZY Winandy, JE Basta, AH AF Li, Xianjun Cai, Zhiyong Winandy, Jerrold E. Basta, Altaf H. TI Effect of oxalic acid and steam pretreatment on the primary properties of UF-bonded rice straw particleboards SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Rice straw; Pretreatment; Particleboards; Primary performance; Carbohydrates ID MEDIUM-DENSITY FIBERBOARD; WHEAT-STRAW; WOOD; PERFORMANCE; CONSTRUCTION; COMPOSITE; ADHESIVES; BOARD; RESIN; REED AB The objective is to evaluate the effect of oxalic acid (OA) and steam-pretreatment on the primary performance of rice straw particleboards. In addition, the effect of various treatment conditions on carbohydrates released from rice straw particles was investigated. The results show that steam- and short durations of OA-treatment significantly improved the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of rice straw particleboards. However, steam-treated rice straw (without OA-treatment) panels exhibited even better performance when compared with OA-treated panels. OA-pretreatment time has a negative effect on performance of panels, whereas the effect of temperature on the performance of OA-treated panels was not significant, except for the linear expansion. OA-treatment accelerated carbohydrates extraction. The sugars released from the OA-treated rice straw particles increase with increasing treatment temperature and time. Carbohydrates extracted from rice straw particles could be a potential sustainable resource for biofuel or bio-based chemicals. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Li, Xianjun; Cai, Zhiyong] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Li, Xianjun] Cent S Univ Forestry & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Sch, Changsha 410004, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Winandy, Jerrold E.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Basta, Altaf H.] Natl Res Ctr, Cellulose & Paper Dept, Cairo 12622, Egypt. RP Cai, ZY (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM lxjmu@yahoo.cn; zcai@fs.fed.us; jwinandy@umn.edu; altaf_basta@yahoo.com OI Basta, Altaf/0000-0002-4030-8486; Basta, Altaf/0000-0003-1876-4378 FU Egypt-U.S. Science and Technology Program; Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF); U.S. Department of State [429] FX This research work was carried out under grant from Egypt-U.S. Science and Technology Program and sponsored by the Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF) and the U.S. Department of State with Contact/Agreement No. 429. The authors thank Mr. Eric Horn of the Biopulping International, Inc., Madison, WI, USA, for his kind support and help within the wood chip pretreatment process in this research. NR 36 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 33 IS 3 BP 665 EP 669 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.01.004 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 757EA UT WOS:000290066700018 ER PT J AU Bajwa, SG Bajwa, DS Holt, G Coffelt, T Nakayama, F AF Bajwa, Sreekala G. Bajwa, Dilpreet S. Holt, Greg Coffelt, Terry Nakayama, Francis TI Properties of thermoplastic composites with cotton and guayule biomass residues as fiber fillers SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Thermoplastic composites; Agricultural residue; Lingo-cellulosic fiber; Cotton; Guayule ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PLASTIC COMPOSITES; WOOD; GIN AB This study was conducted to evaluate the suitability of using residual plant fibers from agricultural waste streams as reinforcement in thermoplastic composites. Three groups of plant fibers evaluated included cotton burrs, sticks and linters from cotton gin waste (CGW), guayule whole plant, and guayule bagasse. The plant fibers were characterized for physical (bulk density and particle size distribution) and chemical properties (ash, lignin and cellulose contents). A laboratory experiment was designed with five fiber filler treatments, namely control (oak wood fiber as the filler - OWF), cotton burr and sticks (CBS), CBS with 2% (by weight) second cut linters (CBL). CBS with 30% (by weight) guayule whole plant (CGP), and CBS with 30% (by weight) guayule bagasse (CGB). The composite samples were manufactured with 50% of fiber filler, 40% of virgin high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and 10% other additives by weight. The samples were extruded to approximately 32 x 7 mm cross-sectional profiles, and tested for physico-mechanical properties. The CBS and CBL had considerably lower bulk density than the other fibers. Cotton linters had the highest alpha-cellulose (66.6%), and lowest hemicellulose (15.8%) and lignin (10.5%) of all fibers tested. Guayule whole plant had the lowest alpha-cellulose and highest ash content. Both CBS and guayule bagasse contained alpha-cellulose comparable to OWF, but slightly lower hemicellulose. Evaluation of composite samples made from the five fiber treatments indicated that fibers from cotton gin byproducts and guayule byproducts reduced the specific gravity of the composites significantly. However, the CBS and CBL samples exhibited high water absorption and thickness swelling, but the addition of guayule bagasse reduced both properties to similar levels as the wood fiber. The CGP exhibited significantly lower coefficient of thermal expansion. Composite samples with the five different fiber fillers showed similar hardness and nail holding capacity, yet oak fibers imparted superior strength and modulus under flexure and compression with the exception of the compressive modulus of CGB composites. In general, both cotton ginning and guayule processing byproducts hold great potential as fiber fillers in thermoplastic composites. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bajwa, Sreekala G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Bajwa, Dilpreet S.] Greenland Composites, Greenland, AR 72702 USA. [Holt, Greg] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Coffelt, Terry; Nakayama, Francis] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. RP Bajwa, SG (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 203 Engn Hall, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM sgbajwa@uark.edu FU Cotton Inc. [07-273] FX This project was funded partially by the Cotton Inc. Research Grant No. 07-273. The authors thank Mr. Wedegaertner of Cotton Inc. for research support, Dr. Nicole Stark of Forest Product Lab for SEM image interpretation, and Mr. Burt Hanna of Greenland Composites for sharing the extruder. The authors also thank Ms. Angele Djioleu, Mr. Joseph Chidiac, Mr. George Sakhel and Mr. Jody Turner for their generous help during extrusion and material testing. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 33 IS 3 BP 747 EP 755 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.01.017 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 757EA UT WOS:000290066700030 ER PT J AU Klasson, KT Ledbetter, CA Wartelle, LH Lingle, SE AF Klasson, K. Thomas Ledbetter, Craig. A. Wartelle, Lynda H. Lingle, Sarah E. TI Feasibility of dibromochloropropane (DBCP) and trichloroethylene (TCE) adsorption onto activated carbons made from nut shells of different almond varieties (vol 31, pg 261, 2010) SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Correction C1 [Klasson, K. Thomas; Wartelle, Lynda H.; Lingle, Sarah E.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Ledbetter, Craig. A.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Klasson, KT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Thomas.Klasson@ars.usda.gov OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 33 IS 3 BP 783 EP 783 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.01.001 PG 1 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 757EA UT WOS:000290066700035 ER PT J AU Killian, G AF Killian, G. TI PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY SYMPOSIUM: Evidence that oviduct secretions influence sperm function: A retrospective view for livestock SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acrosome reaction; capacitation; fertility; in vitro fertilization; oviduct cannulation; oviduct region ID FERTILIZATION IN-VITRO; ESTRUS-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; BULL SEMINAL PLASMA; ESTROUS-CYCLE; BOVINE OVIDUCT; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; RAM SPERMATOZOA; FLUID PROTEINS; POTENTIAL ROLE; ELECTROPHORETIC CHARACTERIZATION AB The mammalian oviduct has long been recognized as an organ essential for successful reproduction. Bovine, ovine, porcine, and equine animal models have offered clear advantages for oviduct study related to gamete physiology, fertilization, and early embryonic development. Livestock species are amenable to surgical alteration of the reproductive tract, estrous cycle manipulation, gamete cryopreservation, and AI, as well as in vitro fertilization and embryo production. Although most reproductive technology developed for livestock was intended to benefit production animal agriculture, these techniques are a treasure trove of tools for researchers to better understand how the oviduct influences gamete function. Oviduct secretions obtained from in vitro tissue cultures or via indwelling oviduct catheters have been used for analyses to define the protein, lipid, carbohydrate, enzyme, and electrolyte compositions of the secretions during the estrous cycle or in response to hormone treatment. Oviduct secretions or components purified from them have also been used in in vitro assays to assess their ability to bind to sperm, influence sperm viability, motility, sperm capacitation, the acrosome reaction, sperm-egg binding, and egg penetration, as well as subsequent embryonic development. Compelling data have emerged which show that the composition of secretions differs during the estrous cycle and that their composition differs whether they originate from the ampullary or isthmic regions of the oviduct. These differences in composition are functionally relevant and associated with different responses by sperm. Evidence indicatess that oviduct-specific glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, carbohydrates, norepinepherine, catecholamines, heat-shock protein, and osteopontin are components of the oviductal milieu that have the capacity to modulate sperm function. Future research on the livestock oviduct will likely define the role that oviduct secretions have in modulating sperm function and how these modifications ultimately affect fertilization and embryo development. C1 [Killian, G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Dairy & Anim Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Killian, G (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS NWRC, 7225 Las Vistas Dr, Las Cruces, NM 88005 USA. EM garykillian@gmail.com FU EAAP (European Federation of Animal Science, Rome, Italy); Journal of Animal Science; American Society of Animal Science FX Based on a presentation at the Physiology and Endocrinology Symposium titled "Sperm-Oviduct Interactions in Livestock and Poultry" at the Joint Annual Meeting, July 11 to 15, 2010, Denver, Colorado. The symposium was sponsored, in part, by the EAAP (European Federation of Animal Science, Rome, Italy), with publication sponsored by the Journal of Animal Science and the American Society of Animal Science. NR 100 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1315 EP 1322 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3349 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 754VD UT WOS:000289884900009 PM 20935135 ER PT J AU Bakst, MR AF Bakst, M. R. TI PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY SYMPOSIUM: Role of the oviduct in maintaining sustained fertility in hens SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE avian; oviductal poultry; sperm storage; sperm storage tubule ID SPERM-STORAGE TUBULES; UTERO-VAGINAL JUNCTION; REPEATED ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS; GONADAL-STEROIDS; CHICKEN OVIDUCT; LAYING HENS; TURKEY HENS; LOCALIZATION; MORPHOLOGY AB In poultry, sperm transferred by natural mating or AI into the distal end of the vagina immediately begin their ascent to the uterovaginal junction (UVJ) at the anterior end of the vagina. However, due to an intense selection process in the vagina, less than 1% of the sperm transferred actually reach the UVJ. Those sperm that do reach the UVJ enter numerous tubular invaginations of the surface epithelium of the vagina located in the UVJ mucosa, collectively referred to as the sperm-storage tubules (SST). Sperm residing in the SST lumen are capable of surviving up to several weeks while retaining their fertilizing capacity. Resident sperm are released gradually from the SST while the hen is in egg production, ascend to the site of fertilization, and interact with the next ovulated ovum. In this manner, given the absence of an estrus to synchronize ovulation with copulation, poultry are ensured a population of sperm at the site of fertilization around ovulation. Over the past decade, several new and diverse observations have been published addressing the microanatomy of the UVJ and SST, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms orchestrating oviductal sperm selection and storage. These include the role of sperm mobility in selection and transport, SST numbers in different poultry species and lines of high and low fertility, roles of the immune system and possibly neuroendocrine-like cells in the vagina in sperm selection and storage, and the roles of aquaporins and a fluid exchange mechanisms contributing to sperm release from the SST. The objective of this paper is to review and integrate these observations into a comprehensive understanding of the cellular and molecular events influencing the fate of sperm in the oviduct of the hen, particularly with regard to oviductal sperm selection and storage. C1 USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bakst, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM murray.bakst@ars.usda.gov FU EAAP (European Federation of Animal Science, Rome, Italy); Journal of Animal Science; American Society of Animal Science FX Based on a presentation at the Physiology and Endocrinology Symposium titled "Sperm-Oviduct Interactions in Livestock and Poultry" at the Joint Annual Meeting, July 11 to 15, 2010, Denver, Colorado. The symposium was sponsored, in part, by the EAAP (European Federation of Animal Science, Rome, Italy), with publication sponsored by the Journal of Animal Science and the American Society of Animal Science. NR 47 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1323 EP 1329 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3663 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 754VD UT WOS:000289884900010 PM 21169513 ER PT J AU King, DA Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL AF King, D. A. Shackelford, S. D. Wheeler, T. L. TI Relative contributions of animal and muscle effects to variation in beef lean color stability SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; color stability; meat color; muscle ID INFLUENCING METMYOGLOBIN FORMATION; 5 BOVINE MUSCLES; REDUCING-ACTIVITY; MEAT COLOR; LONGISSIMUS; DISCOLORATION; TRAITS AB Muscles from beef carcasses (n = 100) were selected from a commercial processor and aged for 14 d. Longissimus lumborum (LL), semimembranosus (SM), biceps femoris (BF), gluteus medius (GM), triceps brachii (TB), rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, adductor, semitendinosus, infraspinatus, teres major, biceps femoris ischiatic head, biceps femoris sirloin cap, and gracillus steaks were placed in display for 9 d. Instrumental color variables [lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), hue angle, chroma, and overall color change from d 0 (Delta E)] were determined on d 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 of display. Muscle pH and myoglobin content were determined for LL, SM, BF, GM, and TB. Muscles differed (P < 0.05) in initial values of each color variable evaluated, and the extent and timing of changes during display differed across muscles. Relationships between color variables measured in LL steaks and those measured in steaks from other muscles differed across days of display with the strongest relationships being observed earlier in the display period for labile muscles and later in stable muscles. Lightness of LL steaks was correlated with lightness of all of other muscles evaluated, regardless of display day (r = 0.27 to 0.79). For a*, hue angle, chroma, and E values, the strongest relationships between LL values and those of other muscles were detected between d 9 LL values and those of other muscles on d 3, 6, or 9, depending on the relative stability of the muscle. Correlation coefficients between d 9 a*, hue angle, chroma, and Delta E values in LL and those of other muscles were 0.50, 0.65, 0.28, and 0.43 (P < 0.05) or greater, respectively, for the muscles included in the study. Myoglobin content of SM, BF, GM, and TB was highly correlated with that of LL (r = 0.83, 0.82, 0.72, and 0.67, respectively; P < 0.05). Muscle pH of LL was correlated with pH of SM and GM (r = 0.44 and 0.53; P < 0.05), but not (P > 0.05) pH of BF or TB. Muscle effects generally explained more variation in a*, b*, hue angle, chroma, and Delta E than animal effects. However, the relative importance of animal effects increased as display continued. These data indicate that animal effects were consistent across muscles, though muscle effects had greater contribution to color stability variation. Furthermore, strong relationships between LL color stability and the stability of other muscles indicate that strategies developed to manage animal variation in LL color stability would beneficially affect the entire carcass. C1 [King, D. A.; Shackelford, S. D.; Wheeler, T. L.] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Meat Safety & Qual Res Unit, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP King, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Meat Safety & Qual Res Unit, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM andy.king@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1434 EP 1451 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3595 PG 18 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 754VD UT WOS:000289884900023 PM 21183708 ER PT J AU Strickland, JR Looper, ML Matthews, JC Rosenkrans, CF Flythe, MD Brown, KR AF Strickland, J. R. Looper, M. L. Matthews, J. C. Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr. Flythe, M. D. Brown, K. R. TI BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: St. Anthony's Fire in livestock: Causes, mechanisms, and potential solutions SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ergot alkaloid; ergotism; fescue toxicosis; St. Anthony's Fire ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; LATERAL SAPHENOUS VEINS; POSTPARTUM BEEF-COWS; GRAZING COMMON BERMUDAGRASS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; D-2 DOPAMINE-RECEPTORS; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; BODY CONDITION AB After a brief history of ergot alkaloids and ergotism, this review focuses on the metabolism and mechanisms of action of the ergot alkaloids. The authors provide models of how these alkaloids afflict grazing livestock under complex animal-plant/endophyte-environmental interactions. Alkaloid chemistry is presented to orient the reader to the structure-function relationships that are known to exist. Where appropriate, the medical literature is used to aid interpretation of livestock research and to provide insight into potential modes of action and alkaloid metabolism where these are not known for livestock. In closing the paper, we discuss management of ergot alkaloid intoxication in livestock and future research needs for this field of study. C1 [Strickland, J. R.; Flythe, M. D.; Brown, K. R.] Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Looper, M. L.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Small Farms Res Ctr, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Matthews, J. C.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Rosenkrans, C. F., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Anim Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Strickland, JR (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM jim.strickland@ars.usda.gov RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010 OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169 NR 239 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1603 EP 1626 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3478 PG 24 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 754VD UT WOS:000289884900041 PM 21521821 ER PT J AU Meyer, AM Reed, JJ Neville, TL Thorson, JF Maddock-Carlin, KR Taylor, JB Reynolds, LP Redmer, DA Luther, JS Hammer, CJ Vonnahme, KA Caton, JS AF Meyer, A. M. Reed, J. J. Neville, T. L. Thorson, J. F. Maddock-Carlin, K. R. Taylor, J. B. Reynolds, L. P. Redmer, D. A. Luther, J. S. Hammer, C. J. Vonnahme, K. A. Caton, J. S. TI Nutritional plane and selenium supply during gestation affect yield and nutrient composition of colostrum and milk in primiparous ewes SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE colostrum; gestation; lactation; milk production; nutritional plane; selenium ID VISCERAL ORGAN MASS; FETAL BODY-WEIGHT; MAMMARY-GLAND; DIETARY RESTRICTION; LATE-PREGNANCY; VITAMIN-E; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN TRANSFER; HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS; JEJUNAL VASCULARITY AB The objectives were to investigate effects of nutritional plane and Se supply during gestation on yield and nutrient composition of colostrum and milk in first parity ewes. Rambouillet ewe lambs (n = 84, age = 240 +/- 17 d, BW = 52.1 +/- 6.2 kg) were allocated to 6 treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial array. Factors included Se [adequate Se (ASe, 11.5 mu g/kg of BW) or high Se (HSe, 77.0 mu g/kg of BW)] initiated at breeding, and nutritional plane [60 (RES), 100 (CON), or 140% (HIH) of requirements] initiated at d 40 of gestation. Ewes were fed individually from d 40, and lambs were removed at parturition. Colostrum was milked from all ewes at 3 h postpartum, and one-half of the ewes (n = 42) were transitioned to a common diet meeting lactation requirements and mechanically milked for 20 d. Colostrum yield was greater (P = 0.02) for HSe ewes than ASe, whereas CON had greater (P < 0.05) colostrum yield than RES and HIH. Colostrum Se (%) was greater (P < 0.01) for HSe than ASe. Colostrum from ewes fed HSe had less (P = 0.03) butterfat (%), but greater (P = 0.05) total butterfat, solids-not-fat, lactose, protein, milk urea N, and Se than ASe. Colostrum from HIH ewes had greater (P = 0.02) solids-not-fat (%) than RES, whereas RES had greater (P = 0.04) butterfat (%) than CON and HIH. Colostrum from ewes fed the CON diet had greater (P = 0.01) total butterfat than HIH. Total solids-not-fat, lactose, and protein were greater (P < 0.05) in colostrum from CON than RES and HIH. Ewes fed HSe had greater (P < 0.01) milk yield (g/d and mL/d) than ASe, and CON and HIH had greater (P < 0.01) yield than RES. Milk protein (%) was greater (P < 0.01) in RES compared with CON or HIH. Ewes fed HSe had greater (P < 0.01) milk Se (mu g/g and mg/d) than ASe on each sampling day. Milk from CON and HIH ewes had greater (P < 0.01) total solids-not-fat, lactose, protein, and milk urea N than RES. Total Se was greater (P = 0.02) in milk from ewes fed the CON diet compared with RES. Somatic cell count and total somatic cells were greater (P < 0.05) in milk from CON than RES. A cubic effect of day (P > 0.01) was observed for milk yield (g and mL). Butterfat, solids-not-fat, lactose, milk urea N, and Se concentration responded quadratically (P < 0.01) to day. Protein (%), total butterfat, and total Se, and somatic cells (cells/mL and cells/d) decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with day. Results indicate that gestational nutrition affects colostrum and milk yield and nutrient content, even when lactational nutrient requirements are met. C1 [Meyer, A. M.; Reed, J. J.; Neville, T. L.; Thorson, J. F.; Maddock-Carlin, K. R.; Reynolds, L. P.; Redmer, D. A.; Luther, J. S.; Hammer, C. J.; Vonnahme, K. A.; Caton, J. S.] N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Taylor, J. B.] USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. RP Caton, JS (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Nutr & Pregnancy, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM joel.caton@ndsu.edu RI Reynolds, Lawrence/I-5267-2015 OI Reynolds, Lawrence/0000-0002-6838-7809 FU USDA-NRI [2003-35206-13621, 2005-35206-15281]; USDA-CSREES; NIH [HL 64141] FX Partially supported by USDA-NRI grants No. 2003-35206-13621 and 2005-35206-15281, from the USDA-CSREES, and by NIH Grant HL 64141. Authors thank the University of Wisconsin Spooner Agricultural Research Station for knowledge and equipment provided and employees of the Animal Nutrition and Physiology Center and Ruminant Nutrition, Physiology, and Muscle Biology Laboratories at North Dakota State University for their contributions to this project. NR 65 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1627 EP 1639 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3394 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 754VD UT WOS:000289884900042 PM 21521822 ER PT J AU Welch, KD Panter, KE Gardner, DR Stegelmeier, BL Green, BT Pfister, JA Cook, D AF Welch, K. D. Panter, K. E. Gardner, D. R. Stegelmeier, B. L. Green, B. T. Pfister, J. A. Cook, D. TI The acute toxicity of the death camas (Zigadenus species) alkaloid zygacine in mice, including the effect of methyllycaconitine coadministration on zygacine toxicity SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE death camas; lethal dose 50%; methyllycaconitine; mouse; Zigadenus; zygacine ID NORDITERPENOID ALKALOIDS; ZYGADENUS-VENENOSUS; DELPHINIUM SPP.; SYNERGISM; CATTLE; SHEEP AB Death camas (Zigadenus spp.) is a common poisonous plant on foothill rangelands in western North America. The steroidal alkaloid zygacine is believed to be the primary toxic component in death camas. Poisonings on rangelands generally occur in the spring when death camas is abundant, whereas other more desirable forage species are limited in availability. In most cases where livestock are poisoned by plants in a range setting, there is more than one potential poisonous plant in that area. One common poisonous plant that is often found growing simultaneously in the same area as death camas is low larkspur (Delphinium nuttallianum). Consequently, the objectives of this study were to conduct acute toxicity studies in mice and to determine if coadministration of low larkspur will exacerbate the toxicity of death camas. We first characterized the acute toxicity of zygacine in mice. The LD(50) of zygacine administered intravenously (i.v.) and orally was 2.0 +/- 0.2 and 132 +/- 21 mg/kg, respectively. The rate of elimination of zygacine from whole blood was determined to be 0.06 +/- 0.01/min, which corresponds to an elimination half-life of 13.0 +/- 2.7 min. The i.v. LD(50) of total alkaloid extracts from a Utah and a Nevada collection were 2.8 +/- 0.8 and 2.2 +/- 0.3 mg/kg, respectively. The i.v. LD(50) of methyllycaconitine (MLA), a major toxic alkaloid in low larkspur, was 4.6 +/- 0.5 mg/kg, whereas the i.v. LD(50) of a 1 1 mixture of MLA and zygacine was 2.9 +/- 0.7 mg/kg. The clinical signs in mice treated with this mixture were very similar to those of mice treated with zygacine alone, including the time of onset and death. These results suggest that there is an additive effect of coadministering these 2 alkaloids i.v. in mice. The results from this study increase knowledge and understanding regarding the acute toxicity of death camas. As combined intoxications are most likely common, this information will be useful in further developing management recommendations for ranchers and in designing additional experiments to study the toxicity of death camas to livestock. C1 [Welch, K. D.; Panter, K. E.; Gardner, D. R.; Stegelmeier, B. L.; Green, B. T.; Pfister, J. A.; Cook, D.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Welch, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Kevin.Welch@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1650 EP 1657 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3444 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 754VD UT WOS:000289884900044 PM 21521823 ER PT J AU Lin, CH Lerch, RN Goyne, KW Garrett, HE AF Lin, Chung-Ho Lerch, Robert N. Goyne, Keith W. Garrett, Harold E. TI Reducing Herbicides and Veterinary Antibiotics Losses from Agroecosystems Using Vegetative Buffers SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE GENES; SWINE PRODUCTION FACILITIES; FILTER STRIPS; SURFACE-WATER; DISSOLVED ATRAZINE; SOIL; METOLACHLOR; GROUNDWATER; RUNOFF; SEDIMENT AB Multiple species vegetative buff er strips (VBSs) have been recommended as a cost-effective approach to mitigate agrochemical transport in surface runoff derived from agronomic operations, while at the same time offering a broader range of long-term ecological and environmental benefits. However, the effect of VBS designs and species composition on reducing herbicide and veterinary antibiotic transport has not been well documented. An experiment consisting of three VBS designs and one continuous cultivated fallow control replicated in triplicate was conducted to assess effectiveness in reducing herbicide and antibiotic transport for claypan soils. The three VBS designs include (i) tall fescue, (ii) tall fescue with a switchgrass hedge barrier, and (iii) native vegetation (largely eastern gamagrass). Rainfall simulation was used to create uniform antecedent soil moisture content in the plots and to generate runoff. Our results suggested that all VBS significantly reduced the transport of dissolved and sediment-bound atrazine, metolachlor, and glyphosate in surface runoff by 58 to 72%. Four to 8 m of any tested VBS reduced dissolved sulfamethazine transport in the surface runoff by more than 70%. The tall fescue VBS was overall most effective at reducing dissolved tylosin and enrofloxacin transport in the runoff (>75%). Th e developed exponential regression models can be used to predict expected field-scale results and provide design criteria for effective field implementation of grass buffers. Our study has demonstrated that an optimized VBS design may achieve desired agrochemical reductions and minimize acreage removed from crop production. C1 [Lin, Chung-Ho; Garrett, Harold E.] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lerch, Robert N.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Goyne, Keith W.] Univ Missouri, Dep Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Lin, CH (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Linchu@missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry [58-6227-5-029]; USDA-ARS FX We thank Bettina Coggeshall, Amber Spohn, Joseph Absheer, and Madelyn Myers for valuable technical assistance and support and Drs. Humberto Blanco-Canqui and Clark Gantzer for providing the research facility. This work was funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreement 58-6227-5-029 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U. S. Department of Agriculture or the University of Missouri. Mention of specific companies, products, or trade names is made only to provide information to the reader and does not constitute endorsement by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 791 EP 799 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0141 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 754VO UT WOS:000289886000012 PM 21546664 ER PT J AU Moriasi, DN Steiner, JL Arnold, JG AF Moriasi, Daniel N. Steiner, Jean L. Arnold, Jeffrey G. TI Sediment Measurement and Transport Modeling: Impact of Riparian and Filter Strip Buffers SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION; FOREST BUFFERS; WATERSHEDS; CONSERVATION; CALIBRATION AB Well-calibrated models are cost-effective tools to quantify environmental benefits of conservation practices, but lack of data for parameterization and evaluation remains a weakness to modeling. Research was conducted in southwestern Oklahoma within the Cobb Creek subwatershed (CCSW) to develop cost-effective methods to collect stream channel parameterization and evaluation data for modeling in watersheds with sparse data. Specifically, (i) simple stream channel observations obtained by rapid geomorphic assessment (RGA) were used to parameterize the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model stream channel variables before calibrating SWAT for streamflow and sediment, and (ii) average annual reservoir sedimentation rate, measured at the Crowder Lake using the acoustic profiling system (APS), was used to cross-check Crowder Lake sediment accumulation rate simulated by SWAT. Additionally, the calibrated and cross-checked SWAT model was used to simulate impacts of riparian forest buff er (RF) and bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] filter strip buff er (BFS) on sediment yield and concentration in the CCSW. The measured average annual sedimentation rate was between 1.7 and 3.5 t ha(-1) yr(-1) compared with simulated sediment rate of 2.4 t ha(-1) yr(-1). Application of BFS across cropped fields resulted in a 72% reduction of sediment delivery to the stream, while the RF and the combined RF and BFS reduced the suspended sediment concentration at the CCSW outlet by 68 and 73%, respectively. Effective riparian practices have potential to increase reservoir life. These results indicate promise for using the RGA and APS methods to obtain data to improve water quality simulations in ungauged watersheds. C1 [Moriasi, Daniel N.; Steiner, Jean L.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Moriasi, DN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM daniel.moriasi@ars.usda.gov OI Moriasi, Daniel N/0000-0002-3389-3277 FU USDA-ARS; UNESCO-HELP FX The authors are grateful to Alan Verser and Clendon Tucker for their invaluable assistance with the bathymetric survey, and Alan Verser for analyzing the acoustic data, building the project, calibrating the model, and running the scenarios. This work was presented at the 2nd World Congress of Agroforestry made possible by funding from USDA-ARS and UNESCO-HELP (Hydrology for Environment, Life and Policy) as part of a twinning project between Thika River watershed in Kenya and Fort Cobb Reservoir watershed, Oklahoma. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 29 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 807 EP 814 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0066 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 754VO UT WOS:000289886000014 PM 21546666 ER PT J AU Endale, DM Fisher, DS Owens, LB Jenkins, MB Schomberg, HH Tebes-Stevens, CL Bonta, JV AF Endale, Dinku M. Fisher, Dwight S. Owens, Lloyd B. Jenkins, Michael B. Schomberg, Harry H. Tebes-Stevens, Caroline L. Bonta, James V. TI Runoff Water Quality during Drought in a Zero-Order Georgia Piedmont Pasture: Nitrogen and Total Organic Carbon SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SURFACE RUNOFF; LAND-USE; NITRATE; PHOSPHORUS; FERTILIZER; AMMONIUM; GROUNDWATER; REDUCTION; TRANSPORT AB Approximately 11% of the Southern Piedmont (1.8 million ha) is used for pasture and hay production, mostly under low-input management. Few studies have investigated in the region long-term nitrogen and carbon losses in surface runoff, which can be significant. We present 1999 to 2009 hydrologic and water quality data from a rotationally grazed, 7.8-ha, zero-order pasture (W1) near Watkinsville in the Georgia Piedmont. Annual rainfall was 176 to 463 mm below the long-term average (1240 mm) in 7 of the 11 yr. There were 20 runoff events during 86 mo of below-average rainfall (deficit period), compared with 54 events during 46 mo of nondeficit period. Mean event flow-weighted concentration (in mg L(-1)) was 0.96 for nitrate-nitrogen (NO(3)-N), 0.97 for ammonium-nitrogen (NH(4)-N), 3.70 for total nitrogen (TN), and 9.12 for total organic carbon (TOC) (n = 43-47; limited due to instrument problem). Nutrient loads (in kg ha(-1) per event) averaged 0.04 for NO(3)-N, 0.03 for NH(4)-N, 0.19 for TN, and 0.54 for TOC. Total loads for N and TOC were 6 to 11 times greater from nondeficit than from deficit periods. The observed N concentrations, while well below maximum drinking water standard limits, could pose risk for eutrophication, which can be stimulated at lower concentrations. However, the ability of headwater streams, such as the one downstream of W1, to reduce nutrient concentrations might partially alleviate this concern. The results of this study point to the need to use a long-term dataset that includes measurements made in drought and wet years when evaluating the efficacy of water quality standards. C1 [Endale, Dinku M.; Fisher, Dwight S.; Jenkins, Michael B.; Schomberg, Harry H.] ARS, USDA, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Owens, Lloyd B.; Bonta, James V.] ARS, USDA, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. [Tebes-Stevens, Caroline L.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Endale, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM Dinku.Endale@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 969 EP 979 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0411 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 754VO UT WOS:000289886000031 PM 21546683 ER PT J AU Bogner, JE Spokas, KA Chanton, RP AF Bogner, Jean E. Spokas, Kurt A. Chanton, Rey P. TI Seasonal Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Methane, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide) from Engineered Landfills: Daily, Intermediate, and Final California Cover Soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-WASTE LANDFILLS; N2O EMISSIONS; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; CH4 EMISSIONS; OXIDATION; SYSTEMS; MODEL; FLUX; ISOTOPES AB Compared with natural ecosystems and managed agricultural systems, engineered landfills represent a highly managed soil system for which there has been no systematic quantification of emissions from coexisting daily, intermediate, and final cover materials. We quantified the seasonal variability of CH4, CO2, and N2O emissions from fresh refuse (no cover) and daily, intermediate, and final cover materials at northern and southern California landfill sites with engineered gas extraction systems. Fresh refuse fluxes (g m(-2) d(-1) [+/- SD]) averaged CH 4 0.053 (+/- 0.03), CO2 135 (+/- 117), and N2O 0.063 (+/- 0.059). Average CH4 emissions across all cover types and wet/dry seasons ranged over more than four orders of magnitude (< 0.01-100 g m(-2) d(-1)) with most cover types, including both final covers, averaging < 0.1 g m(-2) d(-1) with 10 to 40% of surface areas characterized by negative fluxes (uptake of atmospheric CH4). The northern California intermediate cover (50 cm) had the highest CH4 fluxes. For both the intermediate (50-100 cm) and final (> 200 cm) cover materials, below which methanogenesis was well established, the variability in gaseous fluxes was attributable to cover thickness, texture, density, and seasonally variable soil moisture and temperature at suboptimal conditions for CH4 oxidation. Thin daily covers (30 cm local soil) and fresh refuse generally had the highest CO2 and N2O fluxes, indicating rapid onset of aerobic and semi-aerobic processes in recently buried refuse, with rates similar to soil ecosystems and windrow composting of organic waste. This study has emphasized the need for more systematic field quantification of seasonal emissions from multiple types of engineered covers. C1 [Bogner, Jean E.] Landfills Inc, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA. [Bogner, Jean E.] Univ Illinois, Dep Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Spokas, Kurt A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chanton, Rey P.] Florida State Univ, Dep Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Bogner, JE (reprint author), Landfills Inc, 1144 N President, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA. EM jbogner@landfillsplus.com RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU California Energy Commission (CEC) [500-05-039] FX This project was supported by the California Energy Commission (CEC) Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program (Grant No. 500-05-039) (G. Franco, Program Manager). We gratefully acknowledge the support of many individuals at the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County, the Monterey Regional Waste Management District, the California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), and the California Air Resources Board (ARB) who generously shared their time, provided critical reviews, and facilitated data needs for this project. We also sincerely thank the following individuals for their technical assistance with various aspects of this project: Martin duSaire, Nancy Barbour, Dean Peterson, Paul Roots, Tim Badger, Chad Rollofson, Tia Phan, Lindsay Watson, Lianne Endo, Kia Young, Mai Song Yang, and David Hamrum. NR 61 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 56 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 1010 EP 1020 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0407 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 754VO UT WOS:000289886000035 PM 21546687 ER PT J AU Jonnalagadda, SS Harnack, L Liu, RH McKeown, N Seal, C Liu, SM Fahey, GC AF Jonnalagadda, Satya S. Harnack, Lisa Liu, Rui Hai McKeown, Nicola Seal, Chris Liu, Simin Fahey, George C. TI Putting the Whole Grain Puzzle Together: Health Benefits Associated with Whole Grains Summary of American Society for Nutrition 2010 Satellite Symposium SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; BODY-MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; REFINED-GRAIN; DIETARY FIBER; CEREAL FIBER; RISK-FACTORS; METABOLIC SYNDROME AB The symposium "Putting the Whole Grain Puzzle Together: Health Benefits Associated with Whole Grains" sponsored by the ASN brought together researchers to review the evidence regarding the health benefits associated with whole grains. Current scientific evidence indicates that whole grains play an important role in lowering the risk of chronic diseases, such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, and also contribute to body weight management and gastrointestinal health. The essential macro- and micronutrients, along with the phytonutrients present in whole grains, synergistically contribute to their beneficial effects. Current evidence lends credence to the recommendations to incorporate whole grain foods into a healthy diet and lifestyle program. The symposium also highlighted the need for further research to examine the role of whole grain foods in disease prevention and management to gain a better understanding of their mechanisms of action. J. Nutr. 141: 1011S-1022S, 2011. C1 [Jonnalagadda, Satya S.] Gen Mills Bell Inst Hlth & Nutr, Golden Valley, MN 55427 USA. [Harnack, Lisa] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Liu, Rui Hai] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [McKeown, Nicola] Tufts Univ, Nutr Epidemiol Program, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Seal, Chris] Newcastle Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Liu, Simin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Program Genom & Nutr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Fahey, George C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Jonnalagadda, SS (reprint author), Gen Mills Bell Inst Hlth & Nutr, Golden Valley, MN 55427 USA. EM satya.jonnalagadda@genmills.com RI Liu, Simin/I-3689-2014; Liu, Rui Hai/C-2865-2008 OI Liu, Simin/0000-0003-2098-3844; NR 98 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 4 U2 44 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 141 IS 5 BP 1011S EP 1022S DI 10.3945/jn.110.132944 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 754CF UT WOS:000289828800034 PM 21451131 ER PT J AU Leung, J Dwyer, J Hibberd, P Jacques, P Rand, W Rocco, MV AF Leung, June Dwyer, Johanna Hibberd, Patricia Jacques, Paul Rand, William Rocco, Michael V. CA HEMO Study Grp TI Association Between Adherence to Folic Acid Supplements and Serum Folate, and Plasma Homocysteine Among Hemodialysis Patients SO JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; VASCULAR-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; RISK-FACTOR; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; HEART-DISEASE AB Objective: To examine the relationship between adherence to prescribed folic acid supplements and folic acid intake, serum folate and plasma homocysteine in hemodialysis patients. The effects of change in adherence patterns from enrollment to 1 year later on changes in these same measures were also assessed. Design: Secondary data analysis. Participants: Eighty-six hemodialysis patients who participated in the Hemodialysis (HEMO) Study's Homocysteine ancillary study. Main Outcome Measures: Folic acid supplement intake, serum folate, and plasma homocysteine. Results: Eighty-eight percent of patients at enrollment and 91% 1 year later were adherent to prescribed folic acid supplements. Nonadherers had lower intakes of folic acid at both enrollment and 1 year later and lower serum folate levels at enrollment. Percent change was significantly different between the 3 adherence change groups for folic acid intake (P = .001) and plasma homocysteine (P < .001) from enrollment to 1 year later. The nonadherent group at enrollment had the lowest intakes and serum folate levels, and the highest plasma homocysteine levels. When they became adherent 1 year later, they had the greatest change in folic acid intake (5,461%; P = .03), coupled with a 69% increase in serum folate (P = .04) and a 29% decrease in plasma homocysteine (P = .03). Conclusions: Hemodialysis patients who were nonadherent to folic acid supplement prescriptions had low folic acid intakes, low serum folates, and high homocysteine levels. When their adherence improved, folic acid intakes rose, serum folates increased, and plasma homocysteine levels decreased, although mild hyperhomocysteinemia persisted. (C) 2011 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Leung, June; Dwyer, Johanna; Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] Tufts Univ, Dept Med & Community Hlth, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna; Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia; Rand, William] Tufts Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia] Tufts Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia] Tufts Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rocco, Michael V.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Leung, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Frances Stern Nutr Ctr, Tufts Med Ctr, 750 Washington St,Box 783, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM june.leung@tufts.edu OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health; National Kidney Foundation Council on Renal Nutrition Research; US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service [58-2950-7-707] FX Supported by the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health and the National Kidney Foundation Council on Renal Nutrition Research Grant. This work was also supported in part with resources from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, under agreement 58-2950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1051-2276 J9 J RENAL NUTR JI J. Renal Nutr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 21 IS 3 BP 246 EP 256 DI 10.1053/j.jrn.2010.04.005 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology GA 756QT UT WOS:000290030200007 PM 20650653 ER PT J AU Andrepont, E Cullen, KW Taylor, WC AF Andrepont, Emmy Cullen, Karen W. Taylor, Wendell C. TI The Use of Point-of-Sale Machines in School Cafeterias as a Method of Parental Influence Over Child Lunch Food Choices SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE school meals; point-of-sale (POS) software; student alerts; parents ID MIDDLE; ENVIRONMENT AB BACKGROUND: Computerized point-of-sale (POS) machine software that allows parents to place restrictions on their child's school meal accounts is available. Parents could restrict specific foods (eg, chips), identify specific days the child can purchase extra foods, or set monetary limits. This descriptive study examines the use of parental restrictions on student cafeteria POS accounts in a convenience sample of 2 school districts. METHODS: POS alerts, with student gender, grade, ethnicity, and students' free or reduced-price meal eligibility, were obtained from 2 school food service departments for the 2007-2008 school year. The alerts were coded into 5 categories: financial, medical, restrictions, snacks OK, and extras OK. The distribution of alerts by district, students, and demographics was then tabulated. RESULTS: District A (4839 students) had more students with alerts (n = 789, 16%) than District B (8510 students; n = 217, 2.6%), and 94 District A students had a second alert. District A parents had to provide written permission for their child to purchase snacks (n = 654, 13.5%) and extra meal items (n = 113, 2.3%). Most alerts were for full-pay students in both districts (74% and 66%) and varied by demographics of the students. CONCLUSIONS: Few parents actually used this system to limit student purchases of foods outside the school meal. Future studies should investigate the influence of these restrictions on student food choices. C1 [Cullen, Karen W.] ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Andrepont, Emmy] Cypress Fairbanks ISD, Food Serv Dept, Houston, TX 77064 USA. [Taylor, Wendell C.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Cullen, KW (reprint author), ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM emmy.andrepont@cfisd.net; kcullen@bcm.tmc.edu; wendell.c.taylor@uth.tmc.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 81 IS 5 BP 239 EP 243 DI 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2011.00584.x PG 5 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 754ZJ UT WOS:000289896100004 PM 21517862 ER PT J AU Lebeda, A Kristkova, E Sedlakova, B Coffey, MD McCreight, JD AF Lebeda, Ales Kristkova, Eva Sedlakova, Bozena Coffey, Michael D. McCreight, James D. TI Gaps and perspectives of pathotype and race determination in Golovinomyces cichoracearum and Podosphaera xanthii SO MYCOSCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Cucurbitaceae; Cucurbit powdery mildews; Denomination; Pathogenicity variation; Screening methodology ID CUCURBIT POWDERY MILDEW; SPHAEROTHECA-FULIGINEA; FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE; MELON; IDENTIFICATION; GENES AB Golovinomyces cichoracearum and Podosphaera xanthii (family Erysiphaceae) are the most important species causing cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM), a serious disease of field and greenhouse cucurbits. Both species are highly variable in their pathogenicity and virulence, as indicated by the existence of large number of different pathotypes and races. Various independent systems of CPM pathotype and race determinations and denominations are used worldwide. CPM pathotype identification is based on intergeneric and interspecific differences in host-CPM interactions. The most commonly used set of CPM pathotype differentials includes one genotype from four species representing three agriculturally important cucurbit genera plus two genotypes from a fifth species, melon Cucumis melo L. CPM races are characterized by specialization on different cultivars or lines of one host species and have, to date, been differentiated only on melon (C. melo L.). The most frequently used set of melon differentials includes 11 genotypes that can differentiate CPM races originating from melon and other cucurbits, e.g., cucumber, Cucurbita spp., and watermelon. In this paper, we critically review the current state, gaps, and perspectives in our understanding of pathogenicity variation in these two CPM pathogens at the pathotype and race levels. C1 [Lebeda, Ales; Kristkova, Eva; Sedlakova, Bozena] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Olomouc 77900, Czech Republic. [Coffey, Michael D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [McCreight, James D.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Lebeda, A (reprint author), Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Slechtitelu 11, Olomouc 77900, Czech Republic. EM ales.lebeda@upol.cz FU Palacky University in Olomouc [NAZV QH 71229, MSM 6198959215, IGA PrF_2010_001] FX This research was supported by grants NAZV QH 71229, MSM 6198959215, and an internal grant of Palacky University in Olomouc (IGA PrF_2010_001). Some of the isolates of cucurbit powdery mildew used in this research are maintained in the Czech National Collection of Microorganisms (http://www.vurv.cz/collections/vurv.exe/) at Palacky University in Olomouc, Department of Botany (http://botany.upol.cz). NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER TOKYO PI TOKYO PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 1340-3540 J9 MYCOSCIENCE JI Mycoscience PD MAY PY 2011 VL 52 IS 3 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1007/s10267-010-0098-8 PG 6 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 756VS UT WOS:000290043400001 ER PT J AU Chanda, B Xia, Y Mandal, MK Yu, KS Sekine, KT Gao, QM Selote, D Hu, YL Stromberg, A Navarre, D Kachroo, A Kachroo, P AF Chanda, Bidisha Xia, Ye Mandal, Mihir Kumar Yu, Keshun Sekine, Ken-Taro Gao, Qing-ming Selote, Devarshi Hu, Yanling Stromberg, Arnold Navarre, Duroy Kachroo, Aardra Kachroo, Pradeep TI Glycerol-3-phosphate is a critical mobile inducer of systemic immunity in plants SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; SALICYLIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GLYCEROLIPID METABOLISM; METHYL SALICYLATE; DEHYDROGENASE; ACCUMULATION; EXPRESSION; DEFENSE AB Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) is an important metabolite that contributes to the growth and disease-related physiologies of prokaryotes, plants, animals and humans alike. Here we show that G3P serves as the inducer of an important form of broad-spectrum immunity in plants, termed systemic acquired resistance (SAR). SAR is induced upon primary infection and protects distal tissues from secondary infections. Genetic mutants defective in G3P biosynthesis cannot induce SAR but can be rescued when G3P is supplied exogenously. Radioactive tracer experiments show that a G3P derivative is translocated to distal tissues, and this requires the lipid transfer protein, DIR1. Conversely, G3P is required for the translocation of DIR1 to distal tissues, which occurs through the symplast. These observations, along with the fact that dir1 plants accumulate reduced levels of G3P in their petiole exudates, suggest that the cooperative interaction of DIR1 and G3P orchestrates the induction of SAR in plants. C1 [Chanda, Bidisha; Xia, Ye; Mandal, Mihir Kumar; Yu, Keshun; Sekine, Ken-Taro; Gao, Qing-ming; Selote, Devarshi; Kachroo, Aardra; Kachroo, Pradeep] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Hu, Yanling; Stromberg, Arnold] Univ Kentucky, Dept Stat, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Navarre, Duroy] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Prosser, WA USA. RP Kachroo, P (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM pk62@uky.edu RI Selote, Devarshi/F-1560-2015 FU National Science Foundation [0749731]; United Soybean Board [9444] FX We thank D. Smith and J. Shanklin for useful discussions, M. Goodin for providing the pSITE-2NA and TMV-MP30-GFP vectors and GFP antibodies and J. Johnson for help with gas chromatography. We thank L. Lapchyk for technical help and A. Crume for managing the plant growth facility. This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (IOS#0749731) to A.K. and P.K. and United Soybean Board (#9444) to A.K. NR 37 TC 113 Z9 120 U1 6 U2 59 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 BP 421 EP + DI 10.1038/ng.798 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 755XF UT WOS:000289972600010 PM 21441932 ER PT J AU Donato, DC Kauffman, JB Murdiyarso, D Kurnianto, S Stidham, M Kanninen, M AF Donato, Daniel C. Kauffman, J. Boone Murdiyarso, Daniel Kurnianto, Sofyan Stidham, Melanie Kanninen, Markku TI Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOSYSTEMS; EMISSIONS; BIOMASS; FUTURE; WORLDS; SOILS AB Mangrove forests occur along ocean coastlines throughout the tropics, and support numerous ecosystem services, including fisheries production and nutrient cycling. However, the areal extent of mangrove forests has declined by 30-50% over the past half century as a result of coastal development, aquaculture expansion and over-harvesting(1-4). Carbon emissions resulting from mangrove loss are uncertain, owing in part to a lack of broad-scale data on the amount of carbon stored in these ecosystems, particularly below ground(5). Here, we quantified whole-ecosystem carbon storage by measuring tree and dead wood biomass, soil carbon content, and soil depth in 25 mangrove forests across a broad area of the Indo-Pacific region-spanning 30 degrees of latitude and 73 degrees of longitude-where mangrove area and diversity are greatest(4,6). These data indicate that mangroves are among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics, containing on average 1,023Mg carbon per hectare. Organic-rich soils ranged from 0.5m to more than 3m in depth and accounted for 49-98% of carbon storage in these systems. Combining our data with other published information, we estimate that mangrove deforestation generates emissions of 0.02-0.12 Pg carbon per year-as much as around 10% of emissions from deforestation globally, despite accounting for just 0.7% of tropical forest area(6,7). C1 [Donato, Daniel C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Kauffman, J. Boone] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Murdiyarso, Daniel; Kurnianto, Sofyan] CIFOR, Bogor 16000, Indonesia. [Stidham, Melanie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Programs, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Kanninen, Markku] Univ Helsinki, VITRI, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Donato, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 60 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM ddonato@wisc.edu RI Kanninen, Markku/S-7684-2016 OI Kanninen, Markku/0000-0002-5708-9443 FU USDA Forest Service; Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) FX We thank our many international partners and field personnel for assistance with logistics and data collection: Kosrae Island Resource Management Authority; Yap State Forestry; Orangutan Foundation International; Indonesian Directorate General for Forest Protection and Nature Conservation; University of Manado and Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia; Bangladesh Forest Department; and KPSKSA (Cilacap, Indonesia). We thank K. Gerow for statistical assistance, and R. Mackenzie, C. Kryss and J. Bonham for assistance compiling site data. Funding was provided by USDA Forest Service International Programs and the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID). NR 30 TC 338 Z9 357 U1 49 U2 298 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 4 IS 5 BP 293 EP 297 DI 10.1038/NGEO1123 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 756MP UT WOS:000290016000012 ER PT J AU McKinnish, T White, TK AF McKinnish, Terra White, T. Kirk TI Who moves to mixed-income neighborhoods? SO REGIONAL SCIENCE AND URBAN ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Mixed-income neighborhoods; Neighborhood transition; Residential mobility ID ECONOMIC SEGREGATION; URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS; US; AREAS AB This paper uses confidential Census data, specifically the 1990 and 2000 Census Long Form data, to study the income dispersion of recent cohorts of migrants to mixed-income neighborhoods. We investigate whether neighborhoods with high levels of income dispersion attract economically diverse in-migrants. If recent in-migrants to mixed-income neighborhoods exhibit high levels of income dispersion, this is consistent with stable mixed-income neighborhoods. If, however, mixed-income neighborhoods are comprised of homogenous low-income (high-income) cohorts of long-term residents combined with homogenous high-income (low-income) cohorts of recent arrivals, this is consistent with neighborhood transition. Our results indicate that neighborhoods with high levels of income dispersion do in fact attract a much more heterogeneous set of in-migrants, particularly from the tails of the income distribution. Our results also suggest that the residents of mixed-income neighborhoods may be less heterogeneous with respect to lifetime income. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [McKinnish, Terra] Univ Colorado, UCB 256, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [White, T. Kirk] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP McKinnish, T (reprint author), Univ Colorado, UCB 256, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM mckinnis@colorado.edu RI Freeman, Lance/B-8774-2009 FU NICHD NIH HHS [R03 HD053860-02, R03 HD053860] NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0462 J9 REG SCI URBAN ECON JI Reg. Sci. Urban Econ. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 41 IS 3 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2011.01.007 PG 9 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Urban Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA 753IK UT WOS:000289765300002 PM 21479114 ER PT J AU Bevacqua, CE Rice, CP Torrents, A Ramirez, M AF Bevacqua, Christine E. Rice, Clifford P. Torrents, Alba Ramirez, Mark TI Steroid hormones in biosolids and poultry litter: A comparison of potential environmental inputs SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Steroid hormones; Biosolids; Poultry litter; Estrogens; Progesterone; Conjugated hormones ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANT; PRESSURIZED LIQUID EXTRACTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FECAL BACTERIA; SEX-HORMONES; SLUDGE; TESTOSTERONE; ESTROGENS; RUNOFF; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL AB Steroid hormones can act as potent endocrine disruptors when released into the environment. The main sources of these chemicals are thought to be wastewater treatment plant discharges and waste from animal feeding operations. While these compounds have frequently been found in wastewater effluents, few studies have investigated biosolids or manure, which are routinely land applied, as potential sources. This study assessed the potential environmental contribution of steroid hormones from biosolids and chicken litter. Hormone concentrations in samples of limed biosolids collected at a waste treatment plant over a four year period ranged from <2.5 to 21.7 ng/g dry weight for estrone (E1) and <2.5 to 470 ng/g dry weight for progesterone. Chicken litter from 12 mid-Atlantic farms had averages of 41.4 ng/g dry weight El, 63.4 ng/g dry weight progesterone, and 19.2 ng/g dry weight El-sulfate (E1-S). Other analytes studied were 17 beta-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), testosterone, E2-3-sulfate (E2-3-S), and E2-17-sulfate (E2-17-3). (C) 2011 Elsevier By. All rights reserved. C1 [Bevacqua, Christine E.; Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rice, Clifford P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramirez, Mark] Dist Columbia Water & Sewer Author, Washington, DC 20032 USA. RP Torrents, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1153 Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM alba@eng.umd.edu FU District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DCWASA) FX The study was supported by the District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DCWASA). We also wish to thank Dr. Rosalina Angel at the UMD in College Park, MD for kindly providing us with poultry litter samples for our analysis and Dr. Michael Meyer at the USGS Kansas Water Science Center for providing standards and for his technical assistance with method development. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 409 IS 11 BP 2120 EP 2126 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.02.007 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 757DW UT WOS:000290066000014 PM 21397929 ER PT J AU Pfender, WF Saha, MC Johnson, EA Slabaugh, MB AF Pfender, W. F. Saha, M. C. Johnson, E. A. Slabaugh, M. B. TI Mapping with RAD (restriction-site associated DNA) markers to rapidly identify QTL for stem rust resistance in Lolium perenne SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; RYEGRASS SEED CROPS; EST-SSR MARKERS; F-SP LOLII; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; TALL FESCUE; SCAB RESISTANCE; BROAD-SPECTRUM; MOLECULAR MAP; MAJOR QTL AB A mapping population was created to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola in Lolium perenne. A susceptible and a resistant plant were crossed to produce a pseudo-testcross population of 193 F-1 individuals. Markers were produced by the restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) process, which uses massively parallel and multiplexed sequencing of reduced-representation libraries. Additional simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-tagged site (STS) markers were combined with the RAD markers to produce maps for the female (738 cM) and male (721 cM) parents. Stem rust phenotypes (number of pustules per plant) were determined in replicated greenhouse trials by inoculation with a field-collected, genetically heterogeneous population of urediniospores. The F-1 progeny displayed continuous distribution of phenotypes and transgressive segregation. We detected three resistance QTL. The most prominent QTL (qLpPg1) is located near 41 cM on linkage group (LG) 7 with a 2-LOD interval of 8 cM, and accounts for 30-38% of the stem rust phenotypic variance. QTL were detected also on LG1 (qLpPg2) and LG6 (qLpPg3), each accounting for approximately 10% of phenotypic variance. Alleles of loci closely linked to these QTL originated from the resistant parent for qLpPg1 and from both parents for qLpPg2 and qLpPg3. Observed quantitative nature of the resistance may be due to partial-resistance effects against all pathogen genotypes, or qualitative effects completely preventing infection by only some genotypes in the genetically mixed inoculum. RAD markers facilitated rapid construction of new genetic maps in this outcrossing species and will enable development of sequence-based markers linked to stem rust resistance in L. perenne. C1 [Pfender, W. F.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Saha, M. C.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK USA. [Johnson, E. A.] Floragenex Inc, Eugene, OR USA. [Slabaugh, M. B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Pfender, WF (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Bill.pfender@ars.usda.gov NR 55 TC 100 Z9 104 U1 5 U2 74 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 122 IS 8 BP 1467 EP 1480 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1546-3 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 755AV UT WOS:000289899900003 PM 21344184 ER PT J AU Li, T Bai, GH Wu, SY Gu, SL AF Li, Tao Bai, Guihua Wu, Shuangye Gu, Shiliang TI Quantitative trait loci for resistance to fusarium head blight in a Chinese wheat landrace Haiyanzhong SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; SPRING WHEAT; WANGSHUIBAI POPULATION; SCAB RESISTANCE; FHB RESISTANCE; FUNGAL SPREAD; II RESISTANCE; QTL ANALYSIS; GERMPLASM; MARKERS AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat causes not only significant reduction in grain yield and end-use quality, but also the contamination of the grain with mycotoxins that are detrimental to human and animal health after consumption of infected grain. Growing resistant varieties is an effective approach to minimize the FHB damage. The Chinese wheat landrace Haiyanzhong (HYZ) shows a high level of resistance to FHB. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) that contribute to FHB resistance in HYZ, 136 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) were developed from a cross of HYZ and Wheaton, a hard spring wheat cultivar from the USA. The RIL and their parents were evaluated for percentage of scabbed spikelets (PSS) in both greenhouse and field environments. Five QTL were detected for FHB resistance in HYZ with one major QTL on 7DL. The 7DL QTL peaked at SSR marker Xwmc121, which is flanked by the SSR markers Xcfd46 and Xwmc702. This QTL explained 20.4-22.6% of the phenotypic variance in individual greenhouse experiments and 15.9% in a field experiment. Four other minor QTL on 6BS (two QTL), 5AS and 1AS each explained less than 10% of the phenotypic variance in individual experiments. HYZ carried the favorable alleles associated with FHB resistance at the QTL on 7DL, 6BS and 5AS, and the unfavorable allele at the QTL on 1AS. The major QTL on 7D can be used to improve the FHB resistance in wheat breeding programs and add diversity to the FHB resistance gene pool. C1 [Li, Tao; Gu, Shiliang] Yangzhou Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Crop Genet & Physiol, Key Lab Plant Funct Genom, Minist Educ, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. [Li, Tao] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wu, Shuangye] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Li, T (reprint author), Yangzhou Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Crop Genet & Physiol, Key Lab Plant Funct Genom, Minist Educ, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China. EM taoli@yzu.edu.cn; guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov FU US Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [BK2010312] FX This project is partly funded by US Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative and by the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. BK2010312). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Contribution No. 11-180-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS, USA. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 122 IS 8 BP 1497 EP 1502 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1549-0 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 755AV UT WOS:000289899900006 PM 21344182 ER PT J AU Liu, WX Jin, Y Rouse, M Friebe, B Gill, B Pumphrey, MO AF Liu, Wenxuan Jin, Yue Rouse, Matthew Friebe, Bernd Gill, Bikram Pumphrey, Michael O. TI Development and characterization of wheat-Ae. searsii Robertsonian translocations and a recombinant chromosome conferring resistance to stem rust SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; HMW GLUTENIN SUBUNITS; AEGILOPS-SEARSII; CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION; CENTRIC MISDIVISION; STANDARD KARYOTYPE; VIRULENCE; SYSTEM; NOMENCLATURE; AESTIVUM AB The emergence of a new highly virulent race of stem rust (Puccinia graminis tritici), Ug99, rapid evolution of new Ug99 derivative races overcoming resistance of widely deployed genes, and spread towards important wheat growing areas now potentially threaten world food security. Exploiting novel genes effective against Ug99 from wild relatives of wheat is one of the most promising strategies for the protection of the wheat crop. A new source of resistance to Ug99 was identified in the short arm of the Aegilops searsii chromosome 3S(s) by screening wheat- Ae. searsii introgression libraries available as individual chromosome and chromosome arm additions to the wheat genome. For transferring this resistance gene into common wheat, we produced three double-monosomic chromosome populations (3A/3S(s), 3B/3S(s) and 3D/3S(s)) and then applied integrated stem rust screening, molecular maker analysis, and cytogenetic analysis to identify resistant wheat-Ae. searsii Robertsonian translocation. Three Robertsonian translocations (T3AL center dot 3S(s)S, T3BL center dot 3S(s)S and T3DL center dot 3S(s)S) and one recombinant (T3DS-3S(s)S center dot 3S(s)L) with stem rust resistance were identified and confirmed to be genetically compensating on the basis of genomic in situ hybridization, analysis of 3A, 3B, 3D and 3S(s)S-specific SSR/STS-PCR markers, and C-banding. In addition, nine SSR/STS-PCR markers of 3S(s)S-specific were developed for marker-assisted selection of the resistant gene. Efforts to reduce potential linkage drag associated with 3S(s)S of Ae. searsii are currently under way. C1 [Liu, Wenxuan; Friebe, Bernd; Gill, Bikram] Kansas State Univ, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pumphrey, Michael O.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Jin, Yue; Rouse, Matthew] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Friebe, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM friebe@ksu.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; USDA-CSREES FX This research was part of the project "Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat'' supported by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and a special USDA-CSREES grant to the Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center at Kansas State University. We thank W. John Raupp for critical editorial review of the manuscript and Shuangye Wu for her technical assistance. This is contribution number 11-148-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, USA. NR 34 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 122 IS 8 BP 1537 EP 1545 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1553-4 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 755AV UT WOS:000289899900009 PM 21347655 ER PT J AU Harris, WS Klurfeld, DM AF Harris, William S. Klurfeld, David M. TI Twentieth-century trends in essential fatty acid intakes and the predicted omega-3 index: evidence versus estimates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; RISK-FACTOR; ASSOCIATION C1 [Harris, William S.] Univ S Dakota, Sanford Sch Med, Sanford Res USD, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA. [Harris, William S.] OmegaQuant LLC, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Klurfeld, David M.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Harris, WS (reprint author), Univ S Dakota, Sanford Sch Med, Sanford Res USD, 2301 E 60th St N, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA. EM bill.harris@sanfordhealth.org NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 93 IS 5 BP 907 EP 908 DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.014365 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 753KC UT WOS:000289770500001 PM 21430117 ER PT J AU Dohadwala, MM Holbrook, M Hamburg, NM Shenouda, SM Chung, WB Titas, M Kluge, MA Wang, N Palmisano, J Milbury, PE Blumberg, JB Vita, JA AF Dohadwala, Mustali M. Holbrook, Monika Hamburg, Naomi M. Shenouda, Sherene M. Chung, William B. Titas, Megan Kluge, Matthew A. Wang, Na Palmisano, Joseph Milbury, Paul E. Blumberg, Jeffrey B. Vita, Joseph A. TI Effects of cranberry juice consumption on vascular function in patients with coronary artery disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID REVERSES ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; OXIDE-DEPENDENT VASODILATION; PULSE-WAVE VELOCITY; NITRIC-OXIDE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CLINICAL-IMPLICATIONS; AORTIC STIFFNESS; LDL CHOLESTEROL; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SHORT-TERM AB Background: Cranberry juice contains polyphenolic compounds that could improve endothelial function and reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Objective: The objective was to examine the effects of cranberry juice on vascular function in subjects with coronary artery disease. Design: We completed an acute pilot study with no placebo (n = 15) and a chronic placebo-controlled crossover study (n = 44) that examined the effects of cranberry juice on vascular function in subjects with coronary artery disease. Results: In the chronic crossover study, subjects with coronary heart disease consumed a research preparation of double-strength cranberry juice (54% juice, 835 mg total polyphenols, and 94 mg anthocyanins) or a matched placebo beverage (480 mL/d) for 4 wk each with a 2-wk rest period between beverages. Beverage order was randomly assigned, and participants refrained from consuming other flavonoid-containing beverages during the study. Vascular function was measured before and after each beverage, with follow-up testing >= 12 h after consumption of the last beverage. Mean (+/- SD) carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, a measure of central aortic stiffness, decreased after cranberry juice (8.3 +/- 2.3 to 7.8 +/- 2.2 m/s) in contrast with an increase after placebo (8.0 +/- 2.0 to 8.4 +/- 2.8 m/s) (P = 0.003). Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, digital pulse amplitude tonometry, blood pressure, and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity did not change. In the uncontrolled pilot study, we observed improved brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (7.7 +/- 2.9% to 8.7 +/- 3.1%, P = 0.01) and digital pulse amplitude tonometry ratio (0.10 +/- 0.12 to 0.23 +/- 0.16, P = 0.001) 4 h after consumption of a single 480-mL portion of cranberry juice. Conclusions: Chronic cranberry juice consumption reduced carotid femoral pulse wave velocity-a clinically relevant measure of arterial stiffness. The uncontrolled pilot study suggested an acute benefit; however, no chronic effect on measures of endothelial vasodilator function was found. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00553904. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:934-40. C1 [Dohadwala, Mustali M.; Holbrook, Monika; Hamburg, Naomi M.; Shenouda, Sherene M.; Chung, William B.; Titas, Megan; Kluge, Matthew A.; Wang, Na; Palmisano, Joseph; Vita, Joseph A.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Evans Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Dohadwala, Mustali M.; Holbrook, Monika; Hamburg, Naomi M.; Shenouda, Sherene M.; Chung, William B.; Titas, Megan; Kluge, Matthew A.; Wang, Na; Palmisano, Joseph; Vita, Joseph A.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Whitaker Cardiovasc Inst, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Milbury, Paul E.; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Vita, JA (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Evans Dept Med, 88 E Newton St,C-818, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM jvita@bu.edu OI Hamburg, Naomi/0000-0001-5504-5589; Vita, Joseph/0000-0001-5607-1797 FU Ocean Spray Inc.; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [HL083269, HL083801, HL081587, HL75795, HL102299]; Boston Medical Center General Clinical Research Center [M01RR00533]; Boston University [K12 HL083781]; Boston University School of Medicine [T32 HL 07224]; USDA ARS [58-1950-7-707] FX This work was funded by a grant from Ocean Spray Inc. JAV is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH; HL083269, HL083801, HL081587, and HL75795) and the Boston Medical Center General Clinical Research Center (M01RR00533). NMH is supported by the Boston University Leadership Program in Vascular Medicine (K12 HL083781) and a grant from the NIH (HL102299). MMD was supported by the Boston University School of Medicine Basic Science Cardiovascular Training Program (T32 HL 07224). PEM and JBB received support from USDA ARS Cooperative Agreement 58-1950-7-707. NR 40 TC 81 Z9 85 U1 4 U2 33 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 93 IS 5 BP 934 EP 940 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.004242 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 753KC UT WOS:000289770500006 PM 21411615 ER PT J AU Farina, EK Kiel, DP Roubenoff, R Schaefer, EJ Cupples, LA Tucker, KL AF Farina, Emily K. Kiel, Douglas P. Roubenoff, Ronenn Schaefer, Ernst J. Cupples, L. Adrienne Tucker, Katherine L. TI Protective effects of fish intake and interactive effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes on hip bone mineral density in older adults: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; NF-KAPPA-B; ELDERLY-MEN; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN OSTEOBLASTS; DIETARY RATIO AB Background: Polyunsaturated fatty acids and fish may influence bone health. Objective: We aimed to examine associations between dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid and fish intakes and hip bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline (1988-1989; n = 854) and changes 4 y later in adults (n = 623) with a mean age of 75 y in the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Design: BMD measures were regressed on energy-adjusted quartiles of fatty acid intakes [n-3 (omega-3): alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and EPA+ DHA; n-6 (omega-6): linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA); and n-6: n-3 ratio] and on categorized fish intakes, with adjustment for covariates. Effect modification by EPA+DHA intake was tested for n-6 exposures. Results: High intakes (>= 3 servings/wk) of fish relative to lower intakes were associated with maintenance of femoral neck BMD (FN-BMD) in men (dark fish + tuna, dark fish, and tuna) and in women (dark fish) (P < 0.05). Significant interactions between AA and EPA+DHA intakes were observed cross-sectionally in women and longitudinally in men. In women with EPA+DHA intakes at or above the median, those with the highest AA intakes had a higher mean baseline FN-BMD than did those with the lowest intakes (quartile 4 compared with quartile 1: P = 0.03, P for trend = 0.02). In men with the lowest EPA+DHA intakes (quartile 1), those with the highest intakes of AA (quartile 4) lost more FN-BMD than did men with the lowest intakes of AA (quartile 1; P = 0.04). LA intake tended to be associated with FN-BMD loss in women (P for trend < 0.06). Conclusions: Fish consumption may protect against bone loss. The protective effects of a high AA intake may be dependent on the amount of EPA+DHA intake. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:1142-51. C1 [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Farina, Emily K.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kiel, Douglas P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA USA. [Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, 316 Robinson Hall, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kl.tucker@neu.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X; Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Kiel, Douglas/0000-0001-8474-0310 FU Framingham Osteoporosis Study [R01 AR/AG 41398]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study (National Institutes of Health/NHLBI, Bethesda, MD), Framingham, MA [N01-HC-25195] FX Supported by Framingham Osteoporosis Study grant number R01 AR/AG 41398 and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Framingham Heart Study (National Institutes of Health/NHLBI contract N01-HC-25195, Bethesda, MD), Framingham, MA. NR 69 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 93 IS 5 BP 1142 EP 1151 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.005926 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 753KC UT WOS:000289770500031 PM 21367955 ER PT J AU Shanks, OC Kelty, CA Archibeque, S Jenkins, M Newton, RJ McLellan, SL Huse, SM Sogin, ML AF Shanks, Orin C. Kelty, Catherine A. Archibeque, Shawn Jenkins, Michael Newton, Ryan J. McLellan, Sandra L. Huse, Susan M. Sogin, Mitchell L. TI Community Structures of Fecal Bacteria in Cattle from Different Animal Feeding Operations SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WATER TREATMENT-PLANT; HUMAN GUT MICROBIOTA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PYROSEQUENCING ANALYSIS; BACTEROIDES-FRAGILIS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC-MARKERS; HEALTHY-ADULTS; RARE BIOSPHERE; BEEF-CATTLE AB The fecal microbiome of cattle plays a critical role not only in animal health and productivity but also in food safety, pathogen shedding, and the performance of fecal pollution detection methods. Unfortunately, most published molecular surveys fail to provide adequate detail about variability in the community structures of fecal bacteria within and across cattle populations. Using massively parallel pyrosequencing of a hypervariable region of the rRNA coding region, we profiled the fecal microbial communities of cattle from six different feeding operations where cattle were subjected to consistent management practices for a minimum of 90 days. We obtained a total of 633,877 high-quality sequences from the fecal samples of 30 adult beef cattle (5 individuals per operation). Sequence-based clustering and taxonomic analyses indicate less variability within a population than between populations. Overall, bacterial community composition correlated significantly with fecal starch concentrations, largely reflected in changes in the Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes populations. In addition, network analysis demonstrated that annotated sequences clustered by management practice and fecal starch concentration, suggesting that the structures of bovine fecal bacterial communities can be dramatically different in different animal feeding operations, even at the phylum and family taxonomic levels, and that the feeding operation is a more important determinant of the cattle microbiome than is the geographic location of the feedlot. C1 [Shanks, Orin C.; Kelty, Catherine A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Archibeque, Shawn] Colorado State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Jenkins, Michael] ARS, USDA, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Newton, Ryan J.; McLellan, Sandra L.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Water Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. [Huse, Susan M.; Sogin, Mitchell L.] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evolut, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shanks.orin@epa.gov RI McLellan, Sandra/D-6282-2012 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 58 TC 76 Z9 81 U1 6 U2 42 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 77 IS 9 BP 2992 EP 3001 DI 10.1128/AEM.02988-10 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 753KU UT WOS:000289773100022 PM 21378055 ER PT J AU Arthur, TM Nou, XW Kalchayanand, N Bosilevac, JM Wheeler, T Koohmaraie, M AF Arthur, Terrance M. Nou, Xiangwu Kalchayanand, Norasak Bosilevac, Joseph M. Wheeler, Tommy Koohmaraie, Mohammad TI Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Cattle Hides SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIRECT PLATING METHODS; BEEF PROCESSING PLANT; MANURE-AMENDED SOIL; IN-GROUND BEEF; AEROBIC-BACTERIA; SODIUM-CHLORATE; UNITED-STATES; HOUSE-FLIES; O157-H7; PREVALENCE AB The objective of this study was to determine the time period that Escherichia coli O157:H7 survives on the hides of cattle. Extensive research has been conducted and is ongoing to identify and develop novel preharvest intervention strategies to reduce the presence of E. coli O157:H7 on live cattle and subsequent transfer to processed carcasses. If a reduction of E. coli O157:H7 levels in feces can be achieved through preharvest intervention, it is not known how long it would take for such reductions to be seen on the hide. In the study presented herein, three trials were conducted to follow E. coli O157:H7 hide prevalence over time. For each trial, 36 animals were housed in individual stanchions to minimize or prevent hide contamination events. Through prevalence determination and isolate genotyping with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, survival of E. coli O157:H7 on the hides of live cattle was determined to be short lived, with an approximate duration of 9 days or less. The results of this study suggest that any preharvest interventions that are to be administered at the end of the finishing period will achieve maximum effect in reducing E. coli O157:H7 levels on cattle hides if given 9 days before the cattle are presented for processing. However, it should be noted that interventions reducing pathogen shedding would also contribute to decreasing hide contamination through lowering the contamination load of the processing plant lairage environment, regardless of the time of application. C1 [Arthur, Terrance M.; Nou, Xiangwu; Kalchayanand, Norasak; Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Wheeler, Tommy; Koohmaraie, Mohammad] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Arthur, TM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM terrance.arthur@ars.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 FU The Beef Checkoff FX This project was funded in part by The Beef Checkoff. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 77 IS 9 BP 3002 EP 3008 DI 10.1128/AEM.02238-10 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 753KU UT WOS:000289773100023 PM 21398483 ER PT J AU Xu, DL Liu, HY Li, F Li, RH AF Xu, Donglin Liu, Hsing-Yeh Li, Fan Li, Ruhui TI Complete genome sequence of Celery mosaic virus and its relationship to other members of the genus Potyvirus SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILY POTYVIRIDAE; EPIDEMIC AB The complete genomic sequence of Celery mosaic virus (CeMV) was found to be 9999 nucleotides in length, excluding the 3' poly(A) tail. The genome contains a single large open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of 3181 amino acids. Its genomic organization is typical of potyviruses and contains conserved motifs found in members of the genus Potyvirus. Pairwise comparison of the polyprotein sequences shows that CeMV shares 39.0-71.9% sequence identity with other members of the genus Potyvirus. Phylogenetic analysis based on the polyprotein sequences indicates that CeMV is most closely related to Apium virus Y, and together with Panax virus Y, the three viruses form a distinct clade. C1 [Xu, Donglin; Li, Fan; Li, Ruhui] USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Hsing-Yeh] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Li, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Ruhui.Li@ars.usda.gov OI Xu, Dongin/0000-0002-5719-2950 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 156 IS 5 BP 917 EP 920 DI 10.1007/s00705-011-0951-x PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 754IM UT WOS:000289848300022 PM 21347842 ER PT J AU Kang, J Clark, A Van Sanford, D Griffey, C Brown-Guedira, G Dong, YH Murphy, JP Costa, J AF Kang, Jing Clark, Anthony Van Sanford, David Griffey, Carl Brown-Guedira, Gina Dong, Yanhong Murphy, J. Paul Costa, Jose TI Exotic Scab Resistance Quantitative Trait Loci Effects on Soft Red Winter Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-HEAD-BLIGHT; SPRING WHEAT; DEOXYNIVALENOL ACCUMULATION; MYCOTOXIN DEOXYNIVALENOL; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; QTL ANALYSIS; WANGSHUIBAI; POPULATION; GERMPLASM; SPREAD AB Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a disease that periodically strikes the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Breeding for resistant wheat varieties is an effective method of disease control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of exotic FHB resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL), singly and in combination, on FHB resistance in soft red winter wheat (SRWW). Three FHB resistance QTL on chromosomes 3BS (Fhb1), 2D, and 5A were introgressed from nonadapted Chinese cultivar Ning7840 into the adapted SRWW cultivar McCormick. Eight near-isogenic lines (NIL) were developed by marker-assisted backcrossing. The NIL that combined 3BS and 2DL expressed the highest resistance and lowest deoxynivalenol (DON) content in four environments that included three field and one greenhouse studies. These results indicate that the combination of just two QTL (3BS and 2DL) would be useful to breed for improved FHB resistance in SRWW in the mid-Atlantic region. C1 [Kang, Jing; Costa, Jose] Univ Maryland, PSLA Dep, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Clark, Anthony; Van Sanford, David] Univ Kentucky, Dep Plant Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Griffey, Carl] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Dong, Yanhong] Univ Minnesota, Plant Pathol Dep, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Costa, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, PSLA Dep, 2102 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM costaj@umd.edu FU Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board; Maryland Crop Improvement Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-0790-5-078] FX This research was supported in part by the Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board and the Maryland Crop Improvement Association. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 58-0790-5-078. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 924 EP 933 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.06.0313 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900003 ER PT J AU Kim, M Hyten, DL Niblack, TL Diers, BW AF Kim, Myungsik Hyten, David L. Niblack, Terry L. Diers, Brian W. TI Stacking Resistance Alleles from Wild and Domestic Soybean Sources Improves Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LOCI UNDERLYING RESISTANCE; GLYCINE-SOJA PI-468916; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; PLANT INTRODUCTIONS; SCN RESISTANCE; DNA MARKERS; PI 437654; REGISTRATION; RACE-3; RHG1 AB The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most economically important soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pathogen in the United States. Field SCN populations are adapting to the narrowly based SCN resistance currently deployed in soybean cultivars. The objective of our research was to measure the effects of combinations of SCN resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) from the wild soybean (Glycine soja Siebold & Zucc.) PI 468916 and the domesticated soybean accessions PI 88788 and PI 437654. Two populations were developed to test the combinations of QTL and genes. Both populations segregated for the G. soja resistance QTL cqSCN-006 and cqSCN-007. Population 1 also segregated for resistance from PI 88788 and Population 2 segregated for resistance from PI 437654. The populations were tested for resistance to three SCN isolates in a greenhouse and with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In both populations, the two G. soja resistance alleles significantly increased SCN resistance compared with the alternative alleles. The SCN resistance alleles rhg1 and Rhg4 from PI 437654 and rhg1-b from PI 88788 also significantly increased resistance compared with the alternative alleles. The two G. soja QTL alleles significantly enhanced the resistance derived from PI 88788. These results show that SCN resistance can be increased through stacking genes and QTL from multiple resistance sources. C1 [Kim, Myungsik; Niblack, Terry L.; Diers, Brian W.] Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hyten, David L.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Diers, BW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bdiers@illinois.edu OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU Illinois Soybean Association; USDA CSREES [ILLU-483-614, 2006-34488-16915] FX This work was supported by soybean check-off funding from the Illinois Soybean Association and the USDA CSREES grant #ILLU-483-614, 2006-34488-16915 to BD. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 934 EP 943 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0459 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900004 ER PT J AU Campbell, BT Chee, PW Lubbers, E Bowman, DT Meredith, WR Johnson, J Fraser, DE AF Campbell, B. T. Chee, P. W. Lubbers, E. Bowman, D. T. Meredith, W. R., Jr. Johnson, J. Fraser, D. E. TI Genetic Improvement of the Pee Dee Cotton Germplasm Collection following Seventy Years of Plant Breeding SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID UPLAND COTTON; FIBER QUALITY; HIGH-YIELD; COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE; REGISTRATION; LINES; CULTIVARS; OBSOLETE; RESOURCES; DIVERSITY AB One of the most significant, long-term public U. S. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm enhancement programs is known as the Pee Dee germplasm program. The unique, genetic foundation of the Pee Dee germplasm was created using germplasm from Upland, Sea Island (Gossypium barbadense L.), and primitive diploid cottons. Since the program's inception in 1935, the Pee Dee germplasm program has released > 80 improved germplasm lines and cultivars. In this study, the agronomic and fiber quality performance of Pee Dee germplasm was evaluated across southeastern U. S. environments to estimate genetic improvement within the Pee Dee germplasm program. Results suggest that the Pee Dee germplasm enhancement program has (i) maintained usable genetic variation and (ii) maintained high fiber quality potential while concomitantly improving agronomic performance. Although the results highlight the need to continue improving lint percent, lint yield, and bolls m(-2), there is also evidence to suggest that Pee Dee germplasm can continue being utilized to develop the next generation of high-fiber-quality and high-yielding cotton cultivars. C1 [Campbell, B. T.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Chee, P. W.; Lubbers, E.] Univ Georgia, Mol Cotton Breeding Lab, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Bowman, D. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Meredith, W. R., Jr.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Johnson, J.] Dow Agrosci, Leland, MS 38756 USA. [Fraser, D. E.] Monsanto Co, Hartsville, SC 29550 USA. RP Campbell, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM todd.campbell@ars.usda.gov OI Bowman, Daryl T./0000-0001-6623-4035 FU CRIS of the U.S. Department of Agriculture [6657-21000-006-00D]; Cotton Incorporated FX This research project was supported by funding from CRIS No. 6657-21000-006-00D of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a grant from Cotton Incorporated. Special thanks to Bobby Fisher and summer students for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 955 EP 968 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0545 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900006 ER PT J AU Wu, L Bhaskar, PB Busse, JS Zhang, RF Bethke, PC Jiang, JM AF Wu, Lei Bhaskar, Pudota B. Busse, James S. Zhang, Ruofang Bethke, Paul C. Jiang, Jiming TI Developing Cold-Chipping Potato Varieties by Silencing the Vacuolar Invertase Gene SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LATE BLIGHT RESISTANCE; TO-SUCROSE RATIO; TRANSGENIC POTATO; GLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE; BREEDING PROGRESS; MAILLARD REACTION; ACID INVERTASE; SUGAR CONTENT; TUBERS; ACRYLAMIDE AB Accumulation of reducing sugars during cold storage is a persistent and costly problem for the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) processing industry. High temperature processing of potato tubers with elevated amounts of reducing sugars results in potato chips, fries, and other products that are unacceptable to consumers because of their bitter taste and unappealing dark color. More problematically, such products contain increased amounts of acrylamide, a neurotoxin and a potential carcinogen. We have demonstrated that silencing of the potato vacuolar acid invertase gene VInv can prevent reducing sugar accumulation in cold-stored tubers. Using this approach we developed VInv silencing lines using RNA interference (RNAi) from four potato cultivars grown currently for potato chip production in North America. Accumulation of reducing sugars during cold storage was reduced by similar to 93% or more in all RNAi lines that had > 90% reduction of VInv transcript. Potato chips produced from these lines were light colored and significantly lower in acrylamide than controls. Changes in growth and tuber yield were not associated with VInv suppression using RNAi. We demonstrate that silencing of VInv is an effective approach to control the cold-induced sweetening problem in potato. C1 [Busse, James S.; Bethke, Paul C.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wu, Lei; Zhang, Ruofang] Inner Mongolia Univ, Inner Mongolia Potato Engn & Technol Res Ctr, Hohhot 010021, Peoples R China. [Wu, Lei; Bhaskar, Pudota B.; Bethke, Paul C.; Jiang, Jiming] Univ Wisconsin, Dep Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bethke, PC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM paul.bethke@ars.usda.gov; jjiang1@wisc.edu RI pudota, bhaskar/C-5896-2011; Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009 FU Hatch funds; Ministry of Education of China [706014]; National Key Technology RD Program [2007BAD49B00] FX We thank Dr. Yufeng Wu for assistance on statistical analysis. This research was supported by Hatch funds to J.J. L.W. was partially supported by Cultivation Fund of the Key Scientific and Technical Innovation Project, Ministry of Education of China (NO. 706014) and National Key Technology R&D Program (NO. 2007BAD49B00) to R.F.Z. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 981 EP 990 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0473 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900008 ER PT J AU Coles, ND Zila, CT Holland, JB AF Coles, N. D. Zila, C. T. Holland, J. B. TI Allelic Effect Variation at Key Photoperiod Response Quantitative Trait Loci in Maize SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL MAIZE; FLOWERING TIME; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; HYBRID MAIZE; INBRED LINES; CORN-BELT; GERMPLASM; YIELD; TEMPERATURE; DNA AB Tropical maize (Zea mays L.) represents a valuable genetic resource containing unique alleles not present in elite temperate maize. The strong delay in flowering in response to long daylength photoperiods exhibited by most tropical maize hinders its incorporation into temperate maize breeding programs. We tested the hypothesis that diverse tropical inbreds carry alleles with similar effects at four key photoperiod response quantitative trait loci (QTL) previously identified in maize. Four tropical maize inbreds were each crossed and backcrossed twice to the temperate recurrent parent B73 to establish four sets of introgression lines. Evaluation of these lines under long daylengths demonstrated that all four QTL have significant effects on flowering time or height in these lines, but the functional allelic effects varied substantially across the tropical donor lines. At the most important photoperiod response QTL on chromosome 10, one tropical line allele even promoted earlier flowering relative to the B73 allele. Significant allelic effect differences among tropical founders were also demonstrated directly in an F 2 population derived from the cross of Ki14 and CML254. The chromosome 10 photoperiod response QTL position was validated in a set of heterogeneous inbred families evaluated in field tests and in controlled environments. C1 [Holland, J. B.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Holland, JB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM james_holland@ncsu.edu FU USDA-IFAFS [2001-52101-11507]; National Science Foundation [DBI-0321467, IOS-0820619]; Monsanto Co.; USDA-ARS FX This research was supported by a USDA-IFAFS multidisciplinary training grant (award 2001-52101-11507), the National Science Foundation (DBI-0321467, IOS-0820619), Monsanto Co. (fellowship to CTZ), and USDA-ARS. We thank Janet Shurtleff and the staff of the NCSU Phytotron; Mike McMullen and Chris Browne (USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO); Nick Lepak and Ed Buckler (USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY); and John Doebley (Univ. of Wisconsin) with their help phenotyping HIFs. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1036 EP 1049 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0488 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900014 ER PT J AU Noriel, AJ Sun, XC Bockus, W Bai, GH AF Noriel, Angelo Jay Sun, Xiaochun Bockus, Willium Bai, Guihua TI Resistance to Tan Spot and Insensitivity to Ptr ToxA in Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; STAGONOSPORA NODORUM BLOTCH; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; GENETIC-RESOURCES; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; CROP DEVELOPMENT; HEXAPLOID WHEAT AB Tan spot, caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an important foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is an effective approach to reduce the losses caused by the disease. To identify resistance genes in common wheat, 380 wheat accessions from different geographical origins were evaluated for resistance to P. tritici-repentis race 1, the predominant race in the Great Plains of the United States and western Canada, and insensitivity to Ptr ToxA, a host-selective toxin produced by race 1. Most accessions tested (60%) were resistant and only 93 accessions (24%) were as susceptible as TAM 105, the susceptible control. Among 379 accessions, 230 were insensitive to Ptr ToxA, but only 158 of them showed resistance to race 1. A weak correlation between tan spot score and sensitivity to Ptr ToxA suggests that pathogenicity factors other than Ptr ToxA (like Ptr ToxC) also contributed to tan spot development in these accessions. The accessions with resistance to tan spot identified in this study should be useful sources for developing new tan spot resistant cultivars. C1 [Noriel, Angelo Jay; Sun, Xiaochun; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bockus, Willium] Kansas State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov RI Sun, Xiaochun/J-8596-2014 OI Sun, Xiaochun/0000-0001-5395-2580 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants CAP project 2011-68002-30029 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. All U.S. materials for the study were provided by Dr. Brett Carver from Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Contribution No. 11-041-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1059 EP 1067 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0464 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900016 ER PT J AU Labate, JA Sheffer, SM Balch, T Robertson, LD AF Labate, Joanne A. Sheffer, Susan M. Balch, Teri Robertson, Larry D. TI Diversity and Population Structure in a Geographic Sample of Tomato Accessions SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOLANUM-LYCOPERSICON L.; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GENOTYPE DATA; FRUIT SIZE; HAPLOTYPE RECONSTRUCTION; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; LYCOPENE CONTENT; ASCORBIC-ACID; VITAMIN-C; PRODUCTS AB Domesticated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) dispersed out of Latin America nearly 500 yr ago, but little is known about its global patterns of genetic diversity. To gain insight into these patterns we assembled a panel of 30 accessions that sampled five major geographic regions. All accessions were evaluated for highly heritable horticultural traits and nutritional content. Lycopene (mean = 10.41 ug g(-1)), total soluble solids (mean Brix = 6.03%), and vitamin C (mean = 50.77 ug ml(-1)) varied two-to three-fold among accessions. Lycopene was somewhat low while Brix was typical of tomato varieties. Amplicons from 49 genes (22.9 kbp in total) were sequenced in two plants per accession. Nucleotide diversity (pi = 0.00112) was slightly lower than a panel of landraces but higher than a set of fresh-market and processing varieties. South America was the only region with a significantly higher mean pi relative to the other geographic regions. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of gene frequencies showed that large fractions of the total variation were partitioned into accessions within regions (36%) and individuals within accessions (61%). Therefore, targeted sampling of accessions and individual plants, irrespective of geographic source, is an optimal strategy to obtain diverse genotypes. Population structure analysis defined two clusters that were not associated with a priori groups. South American germplasm is promising as a source of new alleles but no geographic region should be viewed as a poor source of tomato genetic variation. C1 [Labate, Joanne A.; Sheffer, Susan M.; Balch, Teri; Robertson, Larry D.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Labate, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, 630 W North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM joanne.labate@ars.usda.gov NR 82 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1068 EP 1079 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.05.0305 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900017 ER PT J AU Kottapalli, P Upadhyaya, HD Kottapalli, KR Payton, P Dwivedi, S Burow, M David, KO Sanogo, S Puppala, N AF Kottapalli, Pratibha Upadhyaya, Hari D. Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao Payton, Paxton Dwivedi, Sangam Burow, Mark David, Kalule Okello Sanogo, Soum Puppala, Naveen TI Population Structure and Diversity in Valencia Peanut Germplasm Collection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; SEQUENCE REPEAT MARKERS; MINI CORE COLLECTION; LATE LEAF-SPOT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CULTIVATED PEANUT; SSR MARKERS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; BOTANICAL VARIETIES AB Valencia peanuts [Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. fastigiata Waldron var. fastigiata (Waldron) Krapov. & W. C. Greg.] are well known for their in-shell market value. Assessment of genetic diversity is key to the success of developing improved cultivars with desirable agronomic and quality traits. Seventy-eight U. S. Valencia core collection accessions together with 36 Valencia accessions representing the global peanut mini-core collection were used to study population structure and diversity and to identify genetically diverse Valencia germplasm for use in peanut breeding. Fifty-two simple sequence repeats loci amplified 683 alleles, with an average of 13 alleles per locus. The mean polymorphism information content and gene diversity, respectively, were 0.270 and 0.335. The pair-wise genetic distance ranged from 0.143 to 0.474, with an average of 0.631. Neighbor-joining clustering, principal coordinate analysis, and STRUCTURE analysis consistently separated the Valencia germplasm into five clusters with two distinct major groups. The first major group consisted of genotypes from South America (64%) with few accessions from Africa, North America, Caribbean, and European regions. The second group consisted of accessions mostly from diverse regions of Africa, North and South America, Asia, and the Caribbean. However, the structuring was not related to the geographic origin and several admixtures were observed. The information generated in this study and phenotyping of this material for biotic and abiotic stress responses and yield-quality traits will facilitate selection of trait-specific, genetically diverse parents for developing Valencia peanut cultivars with a broad genetic base. C1 [Kottapalli, Pratibha; Puppala, Naveen] New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr Clovis, Clovis, NM 88101 USA. [Upadhyaya, Hari D.; Dwivedi, Sangam] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru 502324, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao; Payton, Paxton] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Kottapalli, Kameswara Rao; Burow, Mark] Texas Tech Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Burow, Mark] Texas A&M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [David, Kalule Okello] Natl Semiarid Resources Res Inst, Serere, Uganda. [Sanogo, Soum] New Mexico State Univ, Dep Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Puppala, N (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Agr Sci Ctr Clovis, Clovis, NM 88101 USA. EM npuppala@nmsu.edu RI Updhayaya, Hari/C-4858-2014 OI Updhayaya, Hari/0000-0002-5166-6844 FU National Peanut Board; New Mexico Peanut Research Board; New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-ARS CRIS [6208-21000-012-00D]; USAID-Peanut CRSP through University of Georgia [ECG-A-00-0700001-00] FX The authors wish to thank Roy N. Pitman, USDA-ARS Plant Genetic Resources Unit, Griffin, GA, for the germplasm. The authors also thank Halee Hughes, Jacob Sanchez, and Marie Syapin for their technical assistance. This research was supported in part by National Peanut Board, New Mexico Peanut Research Board, New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station, USDA-ARS CRIS 6208-21000-012-00D, and USAID-Peanut CRSP through University of Georgia ECG-A-00-0700001-00. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1089 EP 1100 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0452 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900018 ER PT J AU Mengistu, A Bond, J Mian, R Nelson, R Shannon, G Wrather, A AF Mengistu, Alemu Bond, Jason Mian, Rouf Nelson, Randall Shannon, Grover Wrather, Allen TI Identification of Soybean Accessions Resistant to Cercospora sojina by Field Screening, Molecular Markers, and Phenotyping SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FROGEYE LEAF-SPOT; RCS3 GENE; RACE-5 AB Frogeye leaf spot (FLS) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], caused by Cercospora sojina K. Hara, has been a problem in the southern United States for many years. Cultivars resistant to FLS have been developed for planting in this area, and resistance in many of these cultivars is conditioned by the Rcs3 allele at the Rcs3 locus, which provides immunity to all known races of the pathogen. Frogeye leaf spot has recently become a greater problem in the northern United States, and few C. sojina resistant cultivars and breeding lines adapted to this area have been identified. The objectives of this study were to (i) identify maturity group (MG) 00 to VII accessions resistant to C. sojina race 11 by field screening at multiple locations over years and (ii) determine if FLS resistance in these accessions is likely to be conditioned by the Rcs3 allele. A total of 522 accessions were evaluated for reaction to race 11 in field trials in Missouri and Illinois during 2006 and 2007, and 84 of these lines did not develop symptoms of FLS and were field screened for reaction to natural inoculum in Tennessee during 2008. Nine accessions of the 84 lines were susceptible. The remaining 75 were subsequently tested for the possible presence of Rcs3 using five molecular markers located within 2 cM of the gene. Of these 75 accessions, only PI 437726, PI 438302B, and PI 494851 had the Rcs3 haplotype of the cultivar Davis, the source of Rcs3. The soybean accessions predicted not to have the Rcs3 allele and with no FLS symptoms in field trials may also be useful in developing soybean cultivars with resistance to FLS. C1 [Mengistu, Alemu] USDA ARS, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Bond, Jason] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil Sci & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Mian, Rouf] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Nelson, Randall] 270 Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Shannon, Grover; Wrather, Allen] Delta Ctr, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. RP Mengistu, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, 605 Airways Blvd, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. EM alemu.mengistu@ars.usda.gov FU University of Missouri Agriculture Experiment Station; Ohio State University Agriculture Experiment Station; Southern Illinois University; North Central Soybean Research Program; Tennessee Soybean Promotion Council FX These studies were supported in part by the University of Missouri Agriculture Experiment Station, the Ohio State University Agriculture Experiment Station, and Southern Illinois University. The authors thank the North Central Soybean Research Program and the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Council for the financial support from farmer soybean check-off dollars through funding of the project. In addition the authors thank Joyce Elrod, Jason Deffenbaugh, William Jordan, and Tara Sydboten for their efforts in this project. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 14 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1101 EP 1109 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0529 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900019 ER PT J AU Kamps, TL Williams, NR Ortega, VM Chamusco, KC Harris-Shultz, K Scully, BT Chase, CD AF Kamps, Terry L. Williams, Neil R. Ortega, Victor M. Chamusco, Karen C. Harris-Shultz, Karen Scully, Brian T. Chase, Christine D. TI DNA Polymorphisms at Bermudagrass Microsatellite Loci and Their Use in Genotype Fingerprinting SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; CYNODON SPP.; EUKARYOTIC GENOMES; SIMPLE SEQUENCES; AFLP MARKERS; REGISTRATION; LIBRARIES; AMPLIFICATION; CONSTRUCTION; ACCESSIONS AB The turf-type bermudagrasses include diploid Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy, tetraploid C. dactylon (L.) Pers., and sterile triploid hybrids produced by crosses of these species. The objective of this study was to develop a set of microsatellite markers that could distinguish among commercially important turf-type cultivars. A genomic library enriched for the [CA/GT](n) repeat motif was constructed from DNA of the 'Tifway' hybrid and sequenced to identify microsatellite regions. Twenty-five microsatellite-flanking primer sets were developed and used to genotype two plant introductions and 12 turf-type cultivars. These primer sets produced an average of 10 amplicons across the 14 DNA templates. Sequences of selected amplicons revealed polymorphism resulting from expansion and/or contraction of the microsatellite and from indel mutations in the microsatellite flanking regions. As few as two primer sets were sufficient to differentiate all unrelated introduction lines and cultivars. The primer sets failed to distinguish among closely related cultivars developed by selection of natural variants, but one primer set uniquely distinguished the cultivar TifEagle from its irradiated parent cultivar. These genomic microsatellites were not derived from gene coding sequences and will supplement the existing expressed sequence tag (EST)-based bermudagrass microsatellites. They will be most useful for evaluating the genetic diversity of Cynodon accessions and distinguishing among cultivars that exploit this diversity. C1 [Kamps, Terry L.; Williams, Neil R.; Ortega, Victor M.; Chamusco, Karen C.; Chase, Christine D.] Univ Florida, Hort Sci Dep, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Harris-Shultz, Karen; Scully, Brian T.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Chase, CD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Hort Sci Dep, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cdchase@ufl.edu FU University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Horticultural Sciences Department; Florida Turfgrass Association (FTGA); Environmental Turf Nurseries, Inc.; Genetics Committee of the FTGA FX This research was supported by the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Horticultural Sciences Department, The Florida Turfgrass Association (FTGA), and Environmental Turf Nurseries, Inc. Neil R. Williams was supported by a T.G. Horn Fellowship awarded by the Genetics Committee of the FTGA and by a research assistantship from the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Horticultural Sciences Department. The C. dactylon x C. transvaalensis microsatellite-enriched genomic library was prepared through participation in the Genetic Markers Course taught by the University of Florida ICBR Genetic Analysis and Education and Training Cores, managed by Ginger Clark and Sharon Norton, respectively. The library was sequenced by the ICBR Genomics Sequencing Services Core Laboratory under the direction of Dr. William Farmerie. Cloned polymorphic amplification products were sequenced by the ICBR DNA Sequencing Core Laboratory under the direction of Dr. Savita Shanker. We gratefully acknowledge the organizations and individuals who provided the genetic materials used in this study: Mike Brown, Champion Turf Farms, Bay City, TX; Al Dudeck, University of FL; Jack Fry, KS State University; Greg Norman Turf Company; Wayne Hanna, USDA-ARS, Tifton GA; H. Wayne Philley, MS State University; USDA-ARS Southern Regional PI Station, Griffin, GA. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1122 EP 1131 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0478 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900021 ER PT J AU Bellaloui, N Smith, JR Gillen, AM Ray, JD AF Bellaloui, Nacer Smith, James R. Gillen, Anne M. Ray, Jeffery D. TI Effects of Maturity, Genotypic Background, and Temperature on Seed Mineral Composition in Near-Isogenic Soybean Lines in the Early Soybean Production System SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SYMBIOTIC N-2 FIXATION; AZOMETHINE-H METHOD; NITROGEN ASSIMILATION; CULTIVAR DIFFERENCES; GLYCINE-MAX; RESPONSES; BORON; ROOT; TOLERANCE; KINETICS AB The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maturity, genotypic background, and maximum temperature 20 d before maturity on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed mineral concentrations. A field experiment was conducted in Stoneville, MS, in 2004 and 2005, using two sets of near-isogenic soybean lines that differed in maturity genes. One set of isolines derived from cultivar Clark and the other from cultivar Harosoy. The maturity of each line within a set varied, but all had a common genotypic background. For Clark isolines, there were positive correlations (P < 0.05) between maturity and N with r = 0.83 in 2004 and r = 0.62 in 2005, and between maturity and Ca (r = 0.59 in 2004 and r = 0.89 in 2005). For Harosoy isolines, there were positive correlations (P < 0.05) between maturity and Ca with r = 0.60 in 2004 and r = 0.83 in 2005, and between maturity and B (r = 0.48 in 2004 and r = 0.72 in 2005). There was a highly significant genotypic background effect (P < 0.01) on seed N, S, Ca, K, Mg, P, and B concentrations, and maturity gene (E-gene) effect (P < 0.01) on Ca and B. Generally the contribution of genotypic background or maturity to total variation of nutrient concentrations was greater than that of temperature. This information may be useful when developing soybean germplasm with higher seed mineral content by using genotypes with a higher nutrient uptake efficiency trait as either parental lines or source material to improve existing varieties for the seed nutrition trait. C1 [Bellaloui, Nacer; Smith, James R.; Gillen, Anne M.; Ray, Jeffery D.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bellaloui, N (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM nacer.bellaloui@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6402-21000-034-00D, 6402-21220-010-00D] FX The authors are thankful to Sandra Mosley for seed composition analysis. The authors are also thankful to Debbie Boykin for statistical assistance. This research was funded by United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, project numbers 6402-21000-034-00D and 6402-21220-010-00D. NR 75 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1161 EP 1171 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.04.0187 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900025 ER PT J AU Amundsen, K Warnke, S AF Amundsen, Keenan Warnke, Scott TI Species Relationships in the Genus Agrostis Based on Flow Cytometry and MITE-Display Molecular Markers SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COLONIAL BENTGRASS; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; CREEPING BENTGRASS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; AFLP; TURFGRASS AB It is estimated that there are between 150 and 200 species of Agrostis, and interspecific hybridization is a proven method for improving cultivated Agrostis species. The pool of publicly available Agrostis germplasm, available through the National Plant Germplasm System, represents 17% of the total number of Agrostis species. The total amount of genetic diversity of this germplasm should be assessed to determine if there are novel sources of stress resistance. Agrostis species have a base haploid chromosome number of seven and can range in ploidy from diploid (2n = 2x = 14) to dode-caploid (2n = 12x = 84). In the present study, the DNA content of 305 Agrostis accessions was measured by flow cytometry and used to predict ploidy. Ploidy assignment was difficult because the DNA content measures did not delineate the accessions into clear genome size groupings. Genetic diversity among a subset of those Agrostis accessions (75), along with four Polypogon and two Apera accessions, was also studied. Genetic markers anchored to miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (1309) were used in Structure 2.3.3 and unweighted pair-grouped method analyses. Eight distinct clusters of accessions were observed, including two distinct groups of diploid germplasm. Little genetic variation was evident among the cultivated A. stolonifera accessions based on the Structure analysis, suggesting the early formation of a genetic bottleneck among cultivated germplasm. C1 [Amundsen, Keenan; Warnke, Scott] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Warnke, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM scott.warnke@ars.usda.gov FU United States Golf Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The United States Golf Association and the U.S. Department of Agriculture provided support for this work. This research could not have been completed without germplasm provided by the National Plant Germplasm System and the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1224 EP 1231 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0512 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900030 ER PT J AU Malinowski, DP Butler, TJ Belesky, DP AF Malinowski, D. P. Butler, T. J. Belesky, D. P. TI Competitive Ability of Tall Fescue against Alfalfa as a Function of Summer Dormancy, Endophyte Infection, and Soil Moisture Availability SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COOL-SEASON GRASSES; CONTRASTING CULTIVARS; FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA; PERENNIAL GRASSES; FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES; DROUGHT SURVIVAL; SOUTHERN PLAINS; WATER-DEFICIT; POA-BULBOSA AB Management practices of summer-dormant cool-season grasses, including compatible legume species, are not well understood. In a greenhouse experiment, competitive ability of two summer-dormant (Flecha and TX06V) and a summer-active (PDF) tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort = Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] was evaluated in associations with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cv. Bulldog 505. Fescue cultivars were either infected with Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones & Gams.) Glenn, Bacon, & Hanlin comb. nov. fungal endophyte or noninfected. Monocultures and binary mixtures were exposed to a gradually imposed soil moisture deficit stress (30% soil water capacity [SWC]) from June through August or maintained at 90% SWC (control). Indices of competitive interactions (relative yield [RY], relative yield total [RYT], and aggressivity [AGR]) were calculated. The RY of summer-dormant tall fescue was less, whereas RY of summer-active tall fescue was similar to that of alfalfa. The RYT values for alfalfa-tall fescue mixtures were not different from 1 under nonlimited soil moisture, but alfalfa-Flecha mixture had RYT <1 under soil moisture deficit. The AGR of summer-dormant tall fescue was lower, but AGR of summer-active tall fescue was similar to that of alfalfa. Results suggest that summer-active tall fescue effectively competes with alfalfa, but summer-dormant tall fescue cultivars have lower competitive ability than alfalfa. In addition, endophyte infection increased competitive ability of TX06V and PDF but not of Flecha. C1 [Malinowski, D. P.] Texas AgriLife Res, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. [Butler, T. J.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Belesky, D. P.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Malinowski, DP (reprint author), Texas AgriLife Res, POB 1658, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. EM dmalinow@ag.tamu.edu NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 21 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1282 EP 1290 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0456 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900037 ER PT J AU Rao, SC Northup, BK AF Rao, Srinivas C. Northup, Brian K. TI Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) as a Pre-Plant Nitrogen Source for Continuous Conventionally Tilled Winter Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; DRYLAND CROPPING SYSTEMS; LEGUME GREEN FALLOW; WATER-USE; SEASON LEGUMES; GRAIN-YIELD; MANURE; FORAGE; CROPS; PRODUCTIVITY AB Sources of organic nitrogen (N) for the southern Great Plains (SGP)-and methods of their use-need testing to find ways to counter the rising cost of N fertilizer. This study examined the function of the cool-season pulse grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) as a pre-plant N source for continuous, conventionally tilled winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It was conducted in Oklahoma (35 degrees 40' N, 98 degrees 00' W) during 2004 to 2008, on three replicate blocks of four experimental plots (6 by 10 m). Inoculated grass pea (cv. AC-Greenfix) seed was sown during late summer fallow (mid August) in one randomly chosen plot per block (75 kg ha(-1) seeding rate in 60-cm rows with 75% germination). Three additional plots per block mimicked traditional summer fallow with no (control), 40, or 80 kg inorganic N ha(-1). All treatments were repeated on the same plots throughout the study. Samples were collected from grass pea plots at flowering over a range of 41 to 59 d after planting in different years and analyzed for N and digestibility. Aboveground (AG) biomass of grass pea was then shredded with a flail mower and incorporated before applying fertilizer treatments and sowing (100 kg ha(-1)) wheat (cv. Jagger) in 20-cm rows. Aboveground biomass of wheat was collected at three growth stages (elongation, flowering, and maturity) and analyzed for N. Biomass of grass pea contained enough N to meet the needs of wheat at planting (40 kg N ha(-1)) in only 2 yr. Total AG biomass and N content of wheat under grass pea was similar to the control at elongation and intermediate between no and 40 kg N ha(-1) at maturity in 2 yr. Biomass and N content of wheat grain under grass pea were intermediate between no and 40 kg N ha(-1) in the first 2 yr and similar to the control thereafter. Therefore, grass pea was marginally effective as a pre-plant N source for wheat for a limited period but may be more effective in sorghum-based rotations in the SGP. C1 [Rao, Srinivas C.; Northup, Brian K.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Rao, SC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM srinivas.rao@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1325 EP 1333 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0455 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900041 ER PT J AU Lee, AE Muir, JP Lambert, BD Reilley, JL Whitney, TR AF Lee, A. E. Muir, J. P. Lambert, B. D. Reilley, J. L. Whitney, T. R. TI Herbage Nitrogen, Fiber, and In Vitro Disappearance of Three Great Plains Grasses during Establishment SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DRY-MATTER DIGESTIBILITY; SOUTH TEXAS; PRAIRIE GRASSES; RANGE PLANTS; SHEEP; DIGESTION; INOCULUM; FERTILIZATION; DEGRADABILITY; FERMENTATION AB Native warm-season grasses have the potential to provide summer grazing because of their adaptation and persistence. Little nutritive value information is available, however, on the effects of maturity and soil amendments for native North American warm-season grasses during establishment. Multiflower false rhodesgrass (Chloris pluriflora E. Fourn.), pink pappusgrass (Pappophorum bicolor E. Fourn.), and plains bristlegrass [Setaria vulpiseta (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.] were harvested monthly during the first 2 yr after establishment on a Windthorst sandy loam soil and fertilized with 0 or 67 kg N and P ha(-1) yr(-1). Spring application of fertilizer resulted in early season herbage N concentrations 58 to 79% greater (p = 0.10) than unfertilized herbage and maintained N concentrations (p = 0.10) above the 11.2 g kg(-1) considered minimum for cattle maintenance through September for most entries. Multiflower false rhodesgrass had the least (p = 0.10) fiber and greatest N and in vitro organic matter disappearance (IVOMD). During Year 1 and early in Year 2, IVOMD was sometimes greater (p = 0.10) when goat rumen liquid was used compared to steer liquid. This relationship was nullified or even reversed as plants matured in Year 2, indicating that donor species of rumen liquid should be considered when interpreting IVOMD results for native warm-season grasses. C1 [Muir, J. P.; Lambert, B. D.] Texas AgriLife Res, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. [Lee, A. E.; Lambert, B. D.] Tarleton State Univ, Dep Anim Sci, Stephenville, TX 76402 USA. [Lee, A. E.; Whitney, T. R.] Texas AgriLife Res, San Angelo, TX 76901 USA. [Reilley, J. L.] USDA NRCS, Kika de la Garza Plant Mat Ctr, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. RP Muir, JP (reprint author), Texas AgriLife Res, 1229 US Hwy 281, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. EM J-muir@tamu.edu RI Lambert, Barry/I-3463-2016; OI Lambert, Barry/0000-0003-1488-3118; Muir, James/0000-0003-1775-8072 NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 51 IS 3 BP 1334 EP 1341 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.08.0453 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 752SJ UT WOS:000289713900042 ER PT J AU Kahl, S Elsasser, TH Li, CJ AF Kahl, S. Elsasser, T. H. Li, C. -J. TI Modeling the effects of estradiol and progesterone on the acute phase proinflammatory axis: Variability in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide, and xanthine oxidase responses to endotoxin challenge in steers SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Endotoxin; Estradiol; Nitric oxide; Progesterone; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha ID ACUTE INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA; SEX-HORMONES; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; MELENGESTROL ACETATE; RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; FEEDLOT CATTLE; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; ESTROUS-CYCLE; UNITED-STATES AB The severity of host response in some diseases differs between sexes, and this dimorphism has been attributed to the immunomodulating effects of reproductive steroid hormones. In females, susceptibility to disease stress has been associated with reproductive status and attributed to prevailing progesterone (P4) or estrogen concentrations during different estrous cycle phases. Our objective was to clarify and define the effect of P4 or 17 beta-estradiol (E2) on the acute proinflammatory component of the innate immune system by administering these hormones to steers and evaluating initial and tolerance-associated concentration patterns of circulating proinflammatory immune response mediators after two consecutive lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenges (LPS1 and LPS2, 6 d apart; 2.5 mu g/kg BW, intravenously, Escherichia coli 055:B5). Plasma concentrations of the proinflammatory initiation cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), nitrate+nitrite [NOx, estimate of nitric oxide (NO) production], haptoglobin (HG; acute phase protein) and plasma xanthine oxidase activity (mediator of superoxide production) were measured. Crossbred steers (392 +/- 7 kg) were fed a forage-concentrate diet (15% CP) to appetite and assigned to control (C; n = 7), P4 (n = 8), or E2 (n = 5) treatment. Jugular blood samples were obtained at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 24 h relative to each of the two LPS injections. For each proinflammatory biomarker, the area under the time by concentration curve (AUC) was used to evaluate and compare responses to the LPS challenge. Treatment with E2 disrupted LPS tolerance as observed in augmented plasma TNF-alpha (P < 0.01) and NOx (P < 0.01) responses to LPS2. Compared with C, P4 treatment decreased plasma NOx AUC after LPS2 (P < 0.05) ani tended to reduce TNF-alpha AUC after LPS1 (P = 0.08). Plasma xanthine oxidase activity AUC was increased (P < 0.01) over C by E2 treatment after both LPS1 and LPS2. HG response to LPS1 within 24 h was not affected by any treatment. However, 6 d after LPS1 plasma HG concentration remained higher (P < 0.01) in steers treated with E2 than with C or P4. Results indicate that in cattle, P4 and E2, respectively, attenuate or amplify the response to LPS challenge at several points critical to the regulation of the progression of the proinflammatory cascade. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kahl, S.] USDA ARS, ANRI, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kahl, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, ANRI, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, BARC E, Bldg 200,Room 211E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM stanislaw.kahl@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 EI 1879-0054 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.01.003 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 753IC UT WOS:000289764500005 PM 21356584 ER PT J AU Moore, MT Denton, DL Cooper, CM Wrysinski, J Miller, JL Werner, I Horner, G Crane, D Holcomb, DB Huddleston, GM AF Moore, Matthew T. Denton, Debra L. Cooper, Charles M. Wrysinski, Jeanette Miller, Jeff L. Werner, Inge Horner, Gerald Crane, David Holcomb, Diane B. Huddleston, George M., III TI USE OF VEGETATED AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE DITCHES TO DECREASE PESTICIDE TRANSPORT FROM TOMATO AND ALFALFA FIELDS IN CALIFORNIA, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Chlorpyrifos; Permethrin; Management practice; Runoff ID WETLAND MESOCOSMS; METHYL-PARATHION; RUNOFF; MITIGATION; CHLORPYRIFOS; TOXICITY; PERMETHRIN; POLLUTION; ATRAZINE; SYSTEMS AB Irrigation and storm water runoff from agricultural fields has the potential to cause impairment to downstream aquatic receiving systems. Over the last several years, scientists have discovered the benefit of using edge-of-field practices, such as vegetated agricultural drainage ditches, in the mitigation of pesticides and sediment. After demonstrating this practice's feasibility in California, field trials were initiated to document irrigation runoff pesticide mitigation in California alfalfa and tomato fields. In the alfalfa field, chlorpyrifos concentration was decreased by 20% from the inflow to the ditch outflow. Thirty-two percent of the measured chlorpyrifos mass was associated with ditch plant material. In the tomato field, permethrin concentration was decreased by 67% and there was a 35% reduction in suspended sediment concentration from inflow to the ditch outflow. When surface water was not present in the ditch systems, the sediment was a significant repository for pesticides. Based on the field trials, vegetated agricultural drainage ditches can be successfully used as part of a suite of management practices to reduce pesticide and sediment runoff into aquatic receiving systems. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:1044-1049. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Moore, Matthew T.; Cooper, Charles M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Denton, Debra L.] US EPA, Sacramento, CA USA. [Wrysinski, Jeanette] Yolo Cty Resource Conservat Dist, Woodland, CA USA. [Miller, Jeff L.] AQUA Sci, Davis, CA USA. [Werner, Inge] Swiss Ctr Appl Ecotoxicol Eawag, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Horner, Gerald] Calif State Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA USA. [Crane, David] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Rancho Cordova, CA USA. [Holcomb, Diane B.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Huddleston, George M., III] Cardno ENTRIX, Pendleton, SC USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov FU California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) FX Funding for this project has been provided in full or in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB). Contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the SWRCB. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this document is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the California SWRCB, U.S. Department of Agriculture, or U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Gov. Code 7550, 40 CFR 31.20). NR 39 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1044 EP 1049 DI 10.1002/etc.474 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 753ZP UT WOS:000289820400005 PM 21309027 ER PT J AU Rattner, BA Horak, KE Warner, SE Day, DD Meteyer, CU Volker, SF Eisemann, JD Johnston, JJ AF Rattner, Barnett A. Horak, Katherine E. Warner, Sarah E. Day, Daniel D. Meteyer, Carol U. Volker, Steven F. Eisemann, John D. Johnston, John J. TI ACUTE TOXICITY, HISTOPATHOLOGY, AND COAGULOPATHY IN AMERICAN KESTRELS (FALCO SPARVERIUS) FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF THE RODENTICIDE DIPHACINONE SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Anticoagulant rodenticides; Birds; Clotting time; Diphacinone; Secondary poisoning ID ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDES; NEW-ZEALAND; NEW-YORK; BRODIFACOUM; WILDLIFE; WARFARIN; RAPTORS; BIRDS AB The acute oral toxicity of the anticoagulant rodenticide diphacinone was found to be over 20 times greater in American kestrels (Falco sparverius; median lethal dose 96.8 mg/kg body weight) compared with Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Modest evidence of internal bleeding was observed at necropsy, although histological examination of heart, liver, kidney, lung, intestine, and skeletal muscle revealed hemorrhage over a wide range of doses (35.1-675 mg/kg). Residue analysis suggests that the half-life of diphacinone in the liver of kestrels that survived was relatively short, with the majority of the dose cleared within 7 d of exposure. Several precise and sensitive clotting assays (prothrombin time, Russell's viper venom time, thrombin clotting time) were adapted for use in this species, and oral administration of diphacinone at 50 mg/kg increased prothrombin time and Russell's viper venom time at 48 and 96 h postdose compared with controls. Prolongation of in vitro clotting time reflects impaired coagulation complex activity, and generally corresponded with the onset of overt signs of toxicity and lethality. in view of the toxicity and risk evaluation data derived from American kestrels, the involvement of diphacinone in some raptor mortality events, and the paucity of threshold effects data following short-term dietary exposure for birds of prey, additional feeding trials with captive raptors are warranted to characterize more fully the risk of secondary poisoning. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:1213-1222. (C) 2011 SETAC C1 [Rattner, Barnett A.; Warner, Sarah E.; Day, Daniel D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Horak, Katherine E.; Volker, Steven F.; Eisemann, John D.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Meteyer, Carol U.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Johnston, John J.] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Rattner, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM brattner@usgs.gov FU U.S Department of Agriculture; U.S. Geological Survey; California Department of Food and Agriculture Vertebrate Pest Control Research Advisory Committee [07-0832] FX The authors thank Wayne C. Bauer and Mary E. Maxey for animal care; Joann Beaver, Nimish B. Vyas, and Gary H. Heinz for suggestions related to dosing of kestrels; J. Christian Franson and Lesanna L. Lahner for help with preliminary studies; Marjory 13. Brooks for guidance on the development of clotting assays; and Rebecca S. Lazarus for assistance with some statistical analyses. This work was supported by the U.S Department of Agriculture, the U.S. Geological Survey, and a grant from the California Department of Food and Agriculture Vertebrate Pest Control Research Advisory Committee (agreement 07-0832). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1213 EP 1222 DI 10.1002/etc.490 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 753ZP UT WOS:000289820400025 PM 21337606 ER PT J AU Hanewinkel, M Hummel, S Albrecht, A AF Hanewinkel, Marc Hummel, Susan Albrecht, Axel TI Assessing natural hazards in forestry for risk management: a review SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Risk management; Risk modelling; Risk assessment; Hazards; Risk handling; Forest economics ID SPRUCE PICEA-ABIES; SUB-ALPINE FOREST; WIND DAMAGE RISK; NORWAY SPRUCE; WINDTHROW RISK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SNOW DAMAGE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; DISTURBANCE REGIME; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST AB We address the problem of how to integrate risk assessment into forest management and therefore provide a comprehensive review of recent and past literature on risk analysis and modeling and, moreover, an evaluation and summary on these papers. We provide a general scheme on how to integrate concepts of risk into forest management decisions. After an overview of the risk management process and the main hazards in forests (storm, snow, insects, fire), the paper focuses on the principal methods used to assess risks from these hazards for commercial forestry. We review mechanistic models, empirical models, and expert systems and consider the needs for different spatial scales of risk assessment, from the regional to the single-tree level. In addition to natural hazards and their secondary effects, we deal with economic aspects of risk analysis. Monte Carlo simulations to deal with volatile timber prices and ways to include risk in classical Faustmann approaches are briefly discussed along with the integration of portfolio theory into forest management decision making and attitude toward risk. Special attention is paid to the implications for risk modeling under climate change. C1 [Hanewinkel, Marc; Albrecht, Axel] Forstliche Versuchs & Forsch Anstalt Baden Wurtte, D-79100 Freiburg, Germany. [Hummel, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. RP Hanewinkel, M (reprint author), Forstliche Versuchs & Forsch Anstalt Baden Wurtte, Wonnhaldestr 4, D-79100 Freiburg, Germany. EM marc.hanewinkel@forst.bwl.de RI Hanewinkel, Marc/E-5639-2011 OI Hanewinkel, Marc/0000-0003-4081-6621 NR 204 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 5 U2 70 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1612-4669 J9 EUR J FOREST RES JI Eur. J. For. Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 130 IS 3 BP 329 EP 351 DI 10.1007/s10342-010-0392-1 PG 23 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 752ZE UT WOS:000289733200002 ER PT J AU Rowe, CLJ Leger, EA AF Rowe, Courtney L. J. Leger, Elizabeth A. TI Competitive seedlings and inherited traits: a test of rapid evolution of Elymus multisetus (big squirreltail) in response to cheatgrass invasion SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE adaptation; competition; contemporary evolution; ecological genetics; invasive species; natural selection; restoration ID GREAT-BASIN; BROMUS-TECTORUM; NATIVE PLANTS; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ANNUAL GRASSES; GLOBAL CHANGE; ALIEN PLANTS; GROWTH-RATE AB Widespread invasion by Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) in the Intermountain West has drastically altered native plant communities. We investigated whether Elymus multisetus (big squirreltail) is evolving in response to invasion and what traits contribute to increased performance. Seedlings from invaded areas exhibited significantly greater tolerance to B. tectorum competition and a greater ability to suppress B. tectorum biomass than seedlings from adjacent uninvaded areas. To identify potentially adaptive traits, we examined which phenological and phenotypic traits were correlated with seedling performance within the uninvaded area, determined their genetic variation by measuring sibling resemblance, and asked whether trait distribution had shifted in invaded areas. Increased tolerance to competition was correlated with early seedling root to shoot ratio, root fork number, and fine root length. Root forks differed among families, but none of these traits differed significantly across invasion status. Additionally, we surveyed more broadly for traits that varied between invaded and uninvaded areas. Elymus multisetus plants collected from invaded areas were smaller, allocated more biomass to roots, and produced a higher percentage of fine roots than plants from uninvaded areas. The ability of native populations to evolve in response to invasion has significant implications for the management and restoration of B. tectorum-invaded communities. C1 [Leger, Elizabeth A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Rowe, Courtney L. J.] ARS, USDA, Plumas Natl Forest, Quincy, CA USA. RP Leger, EA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM eleger@cabnr.unr.edu NR 88 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 7 U2 59 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 4 IS 3 BP 485 EP 498 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00162.x PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 751TD UT WOS:000289639600006 PM 25567997 ER PT J AU Qi, PX Onwulata, CI AF Qi, P. X. Onwulata, C. I. TI Physical properties, molecular structures, and protein quality of texturized whey protein isolate: Effect of extrusion moisture content SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE extrusion moisture content; whey protein; molecular structure; protein quality ID HEAT-INDUCED AGGREGATION; BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN-B; ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; CHEESE WHEY; FLOUR; DENATURATION; MILK; PRODUCTS; KINETICS AB To explore the complex relationship between processing conditions and functional and nutritional properties of food products containing whey protein isolate (WPI), we investigated the effect of extrusion texturization at various temperatures (50, 75, and 100 degrees C) and varying moisture levels of the feed (20, 30, 40, and 50%) on changes in the composition, molecular structure, and protein quality of the extrudates. Bradford assay methods were used to determine protein solubility of the extruded WPI as a function of changing level of moisture. Protein compositional changes as a function of extrusion conditions were quantitatively characterized and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE and reversed-phase-HPLC techniques. We showed that at a given temperature, increasing the extrusion moisture content resulted in a slight increase in the overall protein water solubility (at 50 and 75 degrees C), averaging approximately 5% per 10% increase in moisture content. A reduction in beta-lactoglobulin content was observed at 50 degrees C with increasing moisture content, indicative of the sensitive nature of beta-lactoglobulin to extrusion treatment, whereas the amount of alpha-lactalbumin remained unchanged at all moisture contents used at a set temperature. The protein quality of the extruded WPI, determined chemically by available sulfhydryl and primary and secondary amines, remained relatively unchanged as a function of moisture level. Circular dichroism and intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopic studies revealed considerable structural changes, both at the secondary structural level and the tertiary contacts as a function of increasing temperature, and higher moisture levels can slightly preserve secondary structures but not the tertiary contacts of the protein molecules. Atomic force microscopy provided direct visualization of the fine difference of the protein particles caused by changing extrusion moisture contents, which is in close agreement with the results obtained using other techniques in this work. C1 [Qi, P. X.; Onwulata, C. I.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Qi, PX (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Phoebe.Qi@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 94 IS 5 BP 2231 EP 2244 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3942 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 753ON UT WOS:000289789000009 PM 21524513 ER PT J AU Paul, M Van Hekken, DL AF Paul, M. Van Hekken, D. L. TI Short communication: Assessing antihypertensive activity in native and model Queso Fresco cheeses SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Hispanic cheese; bioactive peptide; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition; antihypertensive activity ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES; SOUR MILK; ANGIOTENSIN; IDENTIFICATION; OPTIMIZATION; PURIFICATION AB Hispanic-style cheeses are one of the fastest growing varieties in the United States, making up approximately 2% of the total cheese production in this country. Queso Fresco is one of most popular Hispanic-style cheeses. Protein extracts from several varieties of Mexican Queso Fresco and model Queso Fresco were analyzed for potential antihypertensive activity. Many Quesos Frescos obtained from Mexico are made from raw milk and therefore the native microflora is included in the cheese-making process. Model Queso Fresco samples were made from pasteurized milk and did not utilize starter cultures. Water-soluble protein extracts from 6 Mexican Quesos Frescos and 12 model cheeses were obtained and assayed for their ability to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme, implying potential as foods that can help to lower blood pressure. All model cheeses displayed antihypertensive activity, but mainly after 8 wk of aging when they were no longer consumable, whereas the Mexican samples did display some angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory action after minimal aging. C1 [Paul, M.; Van Hekken, D. L.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Paul, M (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM moushumi.paul@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 94 IS 5 BP 2280 EP 2284 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3852 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 753ON UT WOS:000289789000013 PM 21524517 ER PT J AU Hoffman, PC Esser, NM Shaver, RD Coblentz, WK Scott, MP Bodnar, AL Schmidt, RJ Charley, RC AF Hoffman, P. C. Esser, N. M. Shaver, R. D. Coblentz, W. K. Scott, M. P. Bodnar, A. L. Schmidt, R. J. Charley, R. C. TI Influence of ensiling time and inoculation on alteration of the starch-protein matrix in high-moisture corn SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE zein; high-moisture corn; inoculant ID NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; MAIZE ENDOSPERM; TECHNICAL-NOTE; PROTEOLYSIS; DIGESTIBILITY; DEGRADABILITY; FERMENTATION; VITREOUSNESS; DIGESTION; NITROGEN AB The fates of hydrophobic zein proteins, which encapsulate corn starch to create vitreous endosperm, have not been investigated in high-moisture corn (HMC). To assess influences of ensiling time and inoculation on zein proteins in HMC, quadruplicate samples of 2 random corn hybrids (A and B), containing 25.7 and 29.3% moisture, were ground, inoculated with (I) or without 600,000 cfu/g of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 (Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Milwaukee, WI), and ensiled for 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 d. Nutrient composition [crude protein (CP), starch, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber], fermentation (pH, lactate, and acetate), and protein degradation markers (buffer-soluble CP, isopropanol-soluble CP, and NH(3)-N) were evaluated. At 0 and 240 d, alpha, gamma, delta, and beta zein subunits were profiled using HPLC. Data were evaluated as a split-split plot using the PROC MIXED procedures of SAS. Ensiling time and inoculation decreased pH, and altered lactate and acetate contents of HMC. Lactate and acetate contents of A, AI, B, and BI at 240 d were 0.40, 0.32, 1.11, 0.73, and 0, 0.35, 0.30, and 0.87% of DM, respectively. Buffer-soluble CP in HMC increased from 1.5 to 2.0% of DM at 0 d to >4.0% of DM at 240 d. Inoculation had no effect on buffer-soluble CP but increased NH(3)-N content of HMC. Corn A contained more isopropanol-soluble CP than did corn B and peak areas for 6 alpha, and all gamma and delta zein regions were greater for corn A. Ensiling (0 vs. 240 d) decreased all zein subunits with the exception of 2 alpha and 1 delta subunit. Ensiling decreased (42.2-73.2%) gamma zeins, which are primarily responsible for cross-linking in the starch-protein matrix. Despite altering lactate and acetate contents, inoculation had no effect on degrading hydrophobic zein proteins in HMC. Data suggest that hydrophobic zein proteins in the starch-protein matrix of HMC are degraded by proteolytic activity over an extended ensiling time. C1 [Hoffman, P. C.; Esser, N. M.; Shaver, R. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Coblentz, W. K.] US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Scott, M. P.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bodnar, A. L.] Iowa State Univ, Interdept Genet, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schmidt, R. J.; Charley, R. C.] Lallemand Anim Nutr, Milwaukee, WI 53218 USA. RP Hoffman, PC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Dairy Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM pchoffma@wisc.edu RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010 FU Lallemand, Inc.; Bailey Consulting (Deforest, WI) FX This project was financially supported through unrestricted gifts provided by Lallemand, Inc. and Bailey Consulting (Deforest, WI). The authors thank Magdalena Kurtz and James Bailey (Bailey Consulting) for their contributions and support of this project and Joe Heinz at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for his expertise in scanning electron microscopy. NR 37 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 94 IS 5 BP 2465 EP 2474 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3562 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 753ON UT WOS:000289789000034 PM 21524538 ER PT J AU Hulbert, LE Cobb, CJ Carroll, JA Ballou, MA AF Hulbert, L. E. Cobb, C. J. Carroll, J. A. Ballou, M. A. TI The effects of early weaning on innate immune responses of Holstein calves SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bovine; immune; nutrition; stress ID EARLY-WEANED CALVES; PHASE PROTEIN RESPONSE; DAIRY CALVES; L-SELECTIN; ROAD TRANSPORTATION; ADHESION MOLECULES; BOVINE NEUTROPHILS; BEEF-CALVES; EXPRESSION; STRESS AB The objectives of this study were to compare innate immune responses of calves weaned early (EW; n = 23; weaned at 23.7 perpendicular to 2.3 d of age) with those of conventionally weaned calves (CW; n = 22; weaned at 44.7 perpendicular to 2.3 d of age). All calves were fed 3.8 L of colostrum within 12 h of birth and were subsequently fed milk replacer twice daily. The weaning process began by withdrawal of the afternoon milk-replacer feeding. Milk was fully withdrawn, and the calf was considered completely weaned when it consumed 900 g of calf starter as-fed for 2 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected from all calves at 24, 27, 31, 45, 48, 52, and 66 perpendicular to 2.3 d of age. Early weaned calves took a variable amount of time to completely wean from milk replacer; therefore, data were also analyzed by comparing calves grouped by latency to completely weaned (fast = 1 to 5 d; intermediate = 6 to 8 d; slow = 15 to 17 d). Slow-EW calves weighed less than either the fast-or intermediate-EW calves before initiating weaning. At 27 d of age, circulating neutrophils were greater among EW calves than CW calves. Moreover, fast-EW calves had lower neutrophil: mononuclear cell ratios at 45 d of age than other EW calves. Slow-EW calves had lower TNF-alpha concentrations from whole blood stimulated with endotoxin at 27 and 31 d of age compared with fast-and intermediate-EW calves. All EW calves had decreased neutrophil L-selectin at d 27 and increased neutrophil L-selectin at 31 d of age. At 31 d of age, neutrophil beta(2)-integrin was the greatest among the fast-EW calves. All EW calves had decreased neutrophil oxidative burst at 27 and 31 d of age. Three days after CW calves were weaned they had higher neutrophils, hematocrit percentages, and circulating cortisol than EW calves. In addition, 3 d after CW calves were weaned they had decreased neutrophil oxidative burst responses to Escherichia coli. Weaning, irrespective of age, suppressed many innate immune responses. In addition, early weaning transiently suppressed L-selectin expression on neutrophils; however, the immunological significance in the context of the resistance to disease is unknown because EW calves likely had greater protection from passively derived immunoglobulins when they were weaned. Finally, calves with lower BW around 24 d of age may not be suitable for early weaning programs as evident in the suppressed secretion of TNF-alpha from whole blood cultures during the week following the initiation of weaning. C1 [Hulbert, L. E.; Cobb, C. J.; Ballou, M. A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Hulbert, L. E.; Carroll, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Ballou, MA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM michael.ballou@ttu.edu NR 35 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 94 IS 5 BP 2545 EP 2556 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3983 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 753ON UT WOS:000289789000042 PM 21524546 ER PT J AU Hulbert, LE Cobb, CJ Carroll, JA Ballou, MA AF Hulbert, L. E. Cobb, C. J. Carroll, J. A. Ballou, M. A. TI Effects of changing milk replacer feedings from twice to once daily on Holstein calf innate immune responses before and after weaning SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE feeding frequency; innate immunity; stress ID PHASE PROTEIN RESPONSE; ROAD TRANSPORTATION; BEEF-CALVES; GROWTH; NEUTROPHILS; PARAMETERS; EXPRESSION; STRESS; HEALTH AB The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of switching Holstein calves to once-daily feeding during the fourth week of life (24 +/- 2.3 d of age; once-fed n = 22; twice-fed n = 22) on innate immune responses, and to evaluate whether carry-over effects occurred when the calves were weaned during the seventh week of life. Peripheral blood samples were taken immediately before the change in feeding strategy (24 d of age) and at 27, 31, 45, 48, 52, and 66 d of age and were analyzed for circulating cortisol, haptoglobin, total leukocyte counts, neutrophil: mononuclear cells, and hematocrit percentage. Heparinized whole blood was also stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h and the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the supernatant was analyzed. Neutrophil L-selectin and beta(2)-integrin expression were analyzed by flow cytometry. Simultaneous neutrophil phagocytic and oxidative burst responses to a heat-killed Escherichia coli were quantified by dual-color flow-cytometry. Treatment (once-daily or twice daily feeding) had no effect on pre- or postweaning performance. Once-fed calves tended to have more circulating neutrophils at 27 d of age, greater expression of L-selectin on neutrophils at 31 and 45 d of age, and greater intensity of phagocytosis at 45 d of age. Once-fed calves secreted less TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated whole blood cultures at 45 d of age compared with twice-fed calves and this tended to persist through the immediate postweaning period. None of the other immune parameters differed after weaning between the preweaning feeding strategies. Consolidating calf milk replacer into one feeding during the fourth week of life was likely a mild and acute stressor, as evidenced by transient neutrophilia in the absence of suppressed functional capacities of neutrophils. Future research should address the mechanism and immunological significance of the persistent decreased TNF-alpha response in once-fed calves. C1 [Hulbert, L. E.; Cobb, C. J.; Ballou, M. A.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Hulbert, L. E.; Carroll, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Ballou, MA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM michael.ballou@ttu.edu NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 94 IS 5 BP 2557 EP 2565 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3980 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 753ON UT WOS:000289789000043 PM 21524547 ER PT J AU Olson, KM VanRaden, PM Tooker, ME Cooper, TA AF Olson, K. M. VanRaden, P. M. Tooker, M. E. Cooper, T. A. TI Differences among methods to validate genomic evaluations for dairy cattle SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy cattle; genomic; prediction; validation ID PREDICTIONS; YIELD AB Two methods of testing predictions from genomic evaluations were investigated. Data used were from the August 2006 and April 2010 official USDA genetic evaluations of dairy cattle. The training data set consisted of both cows and bulls that were proven (had own or daughter information) as of August 2006 and included 8,022, 1,959, and 1,056 Holsteins, Jerseys, and Brown Swiss, respectively. The validation data set consisted of bulls that were unproven as of August 2006 and were proven by April 2010 with 2,653, 411, and 132 Holsteins, Jerseys, and Brown Swiss for the production traits. Method 1 used the training animal's predicted transmitting ability (PTA) from August of 2006. Method 2 used the training animal's April 2010 PTA to estimate single nucleotide polymorphism effects. Both methods were tested using several regressions with the same validation animals. In both cases, the validation animals were tested using the deregressed April 2010 PTA. All traits that had genomic evaluations from the official USDA April 2010 genetic evaluations were tested. Results included bias, differences from expected regressions (calculated using selection intensities), and the coefficients of determination. The genomic information increased the predictive ability for most of the traits in all of the breeds. The 2 methods of testing resulted in some differences that would affect interpretation of results. The coefficient of determination was higher for all traits using method 2. This was the expected result as the data were not independent because evaluations of the validation bulls contributed to their sires' evaluations. The regression coefficients from method 2 were often higher than the regression coefficients from method 1. Many traits had regression coefficients that were higher than 2 standard deviations from the expected regressions when using method 2. This was partially due to the lack of independence of the training and validation data sets. Most traits did have some level of bias in the prediction equations, regardless of breed. The use of method 1 made it possible to evaluate the increased accuracy in proven first-crop bull evaluations by using genomic information. Proven first-crop bulls had an increase in accuracy from the addition of genomic information. It is advised to use method 1 for validation of genomic evaluations. C1 [Olson, K. M.] Natl Assoc Anim Breeders, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. [VanRaden, P. M.; Tooker, M. E.; Cooper, T. A.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Olson, KM (reprint author), Natl Assoc Anim Breeders, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. EM katie.olson@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 94 IS 5 BP 2613 EP 2620 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3877 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 753ON UT WOS:000289789000049 PM 21524553 ER PT J AU Aguilar, I Misztal, I Tsuruta, S Wiggans, GR Lawlor, TJ AF Aguilar, I. Misztal, I. Tsuruta, S. Wiggans, G. R. Lawlor, T. J. TI Multiple trait genomic evaluation of conception rate in Holsteins SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BLUP; genomic selection; fertility; genetic evaluation ID FULL PEDIGREE; GENETIC EVALUATION; INFORMATION; FERTILITY; COWS; PREDICTIONS; MODEL AB A national data set of artificial inseminations in US Holsteins was used to obtain genetic evaluations for conception rate (CR). The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and resulting accuracy from using all available phenotypic, pedigree, and genomic information. Evaluations were performed by regular BLUP or by BLUP with the traditional pedigree and genomic relationships combined in a unified single-step procedure (SSP). Genetic parameters of CR in the first 3 parities were estimated with data from New York State only. Heritability estimates were around 2% and genetic correlations between CR in different parities were >0.73. The R(2) obtained with the SSP were almost twice as large as those achieved with regular BLUP. Computing the SSP took 2 h, and it was 33% slower than a regular BLUP. A multiple-trait evaluation of CR using the SSP is both possible and advantageous. C1 [Aguilar, I.; Misztal, I.; Tsuruta, S.] Univ Georgia, Anim & Dairy Sci Dept, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Aguilar, I.] Inst Nacl Invest Agropecuaria INIA Las Brujas, Canelones 90200, Uruguay. [Wiggans, G. R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lawlor, T. J.] Holstein Assoc USA Inc, Brattleboro, VT 05302 USA. RP Aguilar, I (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Anim & Dairy Sci Dept, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM iaguilar@inia.org.uy RI Aguilar, Ignacio/C-2528-2012 FU Holstein Association USA Inc.; USDA NIFA [2009-65205-05665, 2010-65205-20366] FX This study was partially funded by the Holstein Association USA Inc. and by AFRI grants 2009-65205-05665 and 2010-65205-20366 from the USDA NIFA Animal Genome Program. The authors thank the Cooperative Dairy DNA Repository (Beltsville, MD) for providing genotypic data. The Dairy Records Management Systems (Raleigh, NC, and Ames, IA), authorized use of the data included in this analysis, which was extracted from the USDA national dairy database. NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 94 IS 5 BP 2621 EP 2624 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3893 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 753ON UT WOS:000289789000050 PM 21524554 ER PT J AU McGranahan, DA Wojan, TR Lambert, DM AF McGranahan, David A. Wojan, Timothy R. Lambert, Dayton M. TI The rural growth trifecta: outdoor amenities, creative class and entrepreneurial context SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Entrepreneurship; creative class; amenities; spatial econometrics; R11; O18; L26; C31 ID ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT; REGIONAL GROWTH; UNITED-STATES; SPATIAL VARIATIONS; MOMENTS ESTIMATOR; URBAN HIERARCHY; HIGH-TECHNOLOGY; MIGRATION; KNOWLEDGE; MODELS AB Recent work challenges the notion that attracting creative workers to a place is sufficient for generating local economic growth. In this article, we examine the problem of sustaining robust growth in the periphery of the USA, demonstrating the contingent nature of talent as an engine for economic growth. We test the hypothesis that rural growth in the knowledge economy is dependent on the ability to utilize new knowledge, perhaps generated elsewhere, in addressing local economic challenges. Tests confirm that the interaction of entrepreneurial context with the share of the workforce employed in the creative class is strongly associated with growth in the number of new establishments and employment, particularly in those rural counties endowed with attractive outdoor amenities. C1 [McGranahan, David A.; Wojan, Timothy R.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Lambert, Dayton M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Knoxville, TN USA. RP McGranahan, DA (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM dmcg@ers.usda.gov NR 94 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 9 U2 38 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1468-2702 J9 J ECON GEOGR JI J. Econ. Geogr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 11 IS 3 BP 529 EP 557 DI 10.1093/jeg/lbq007 PG 29 WC Economics; Geography SC Business & Economics; Geography GA 751ON UT WOS:000289627500006 ER PT J AU Turgeon, J Tayeh, A Facon, B Lombaert, E De Clercq, P Berkvens, N Lundgren, JG Estoup, A AF Turgeon, J. Tayeh, A. Facon, B. Lombaert, E. De Clercq, P. Berkvens, N. Lundgren, J. G. Estoup, A. TI Experimental evidence for the phenotypic impact of admixture between wild and biocontrol Asian ladybird (Harmonia axyridis) involved in the European invasion SO JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive evolution; admixture; biocontrol; biological invasion; Europe; harlequin ladybird; Harmonia axyridis; Hybridization; life history; phenotype ID PALLAS COLEOPTERA; MULTIPLE INTRODUCTIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; HARLEQUIN LADYBIRD; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; GENETIC-VARIATION; UNITED-STATES; LIFE-HISTORY; COCCINELLIDAE; HYBRIDIZATION AB Hybridization can fuel evolutionary processes during biological invasions. The harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis has long been used as a biocontrol agent before the species became invasive worldwide. Previous analysis based on microsatellite data has shown that European invasive populations bear traces of admixture between an eastern North American source, which is at the origin of the worldwide invasion, and biocontrol strains used in Europe. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that this early admixture event may have fostered the European invasion by impacting on the phenotypes of wild European populations. Mean life history traits of experimental F(1) hybrids are compared with pure parental sources and wild European crosses. Our results reveal a biased impact whereby North American beetles benefitted from being admixed with European biocontrol strains. Resemblance between experimental hybrids and wild European invasive crosses further suggests a long-lasting effect of admixture that may still be at work and fostering invasiveness. C1 [Turgeon, J.] Univ Laval, Dept Biol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Turgeon, J.; Tayeh, A.; Facon, B.; Estoup, A.] INRA, UMR Ctr Biol & Gest Populat, INRA IRD Cirad Montpellier SupAgro, Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Lombaert, E.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, INRA, Equipe Biol Populat Interact,INRA,IBSV,UMR 1301, Sophia Antipolis, France. [De Clercq, P.; Berkvens, N.] Univ Ghent, Dept Crop Protect, Lab Agrozool, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Lundgren, J. G.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD USA. RP Turgeon, J (reprint author), Univ Laval, Dept Biol, Vachon 3048,1045 Ave Med, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. EM julie.turgeon@bio.ulaval.ca RI Turgeon, Julie/H-5631-2013; OI De Clercq, Patrick/0000-0003-0664-1602 FU Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-06-BDIV-008-01]; Agropolis Fondation FX This work was supported by grants from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-06-BDIV-008-01) and from the Agropolis Fondation (RTRA - Montpellier, BIOFIS Project). We are grateful to A. Loiseau for help in the laboratory during rush periods. NR 51 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1010-061X J9 J EVOLUTION BIOL JI J. Evol. Biol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1044 EP 1052 DI 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02234.x PG 9 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 752LM UT WOS:000289692700010 PM 21342302 ER PT J AU Ledoux, TA Hingle, MD Baranowski, T AF Ledoux, T. A. Hingle, M. D. Baranowski, T. TI Relationship of fruit and vegetable intake with adiposity: a systematic review SO OBESITY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Adiposity; fruit; obesity; vegetable ID BODY-MASS INDEX; WEIGHT-LOSS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ENERGY-INTAKE; OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN; ADOLESCENT OBESITY; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; DIETARY FIBER; UNITED-STATES AB P>Fruit and vegetable (FV) intake has been proposed to protect against obesity. The purpose of this paper was to assess the FV consumption to adiposity relationship. Twenty-three publications were included. Inclusion criteria: longitudinal or experimental designs; FV intake tested in relation to adiposity; child, adolescent or adult participants; published in English-language peer-reviewed journals. Exclusion criteria: dietary pattern and cross-sectional designs; participants with health concerns. Experimental studies found increased FV consumption (in conjunction with other behaviours) contributed to reduced adiposity among overweight or obese adults, but no association was shown among children. Longitudinal studies among overweight adults found greater F and/or V consumption was associated with slower weight gain, but only half of child longitudinal studies found a significant inverse association. Limitations in methods prevented a thorough examination of the role of increased FV intake alone or mechanisms of effect. An inverse relationship between FV intake and adiposity among overweight adults appears weak; this relationship among children is unclear. Research needs to clarify the nature of, and mechanisms for, the effects of FV consumption on adiposity. Whether increases in FV intake in isolation from lower caloric intake or increased physical activity will result in declines or slower growth in adiposity remains unclear. C1 [Ledoux, T. A.; Baranowski, T.] ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hingle, M. D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Nutr Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Ledoux, TA (reprint author), ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ledoux@bcm.edu OI Baranowski, Tom/0000-0002-0653-2222 FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6001] FX The completion of this review was incentivized by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. In addition, this work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas. This project has been funded in part by federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement 58-6250-6001. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA nor mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. We appreciate the comments of Theresa Nicklas, DrP.H., R. D. on an earlier draft of this manuscript. NR 47 TC 122 Z9 124 U1 7 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1467-7881 J9 OBES REV JI Obes. Rev. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 12 IS 501 BP e143 EP e150 DI 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00786.x PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 752JN UT WOS:000289687500016 PM 20633234 ER PT J AU Kendrick, MD Harris, DK Ha, BK Hyten, DL Cregan, PB Frederick, RD Boerma, HR Pedley, KF AF Kendrick, Mandy D. Harris, Donna K. Ha, Bo-Keun Hyten, David L. Cregan, Perry B. Frederick, Reid D. Boerma, H. Roger Pedley, Kerry F. TI Identification of a Second Asian Soybean Rust Resistance Gene in Hyuuga Soybean SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BULKED SEGREGANT ANALYSIS; PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; CONFERS RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; LOCUS; MAP; PROTEINS; INFECTION; RESPONSES AB Asian soybean rust (ASR) is an economically significant disease caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi. The soybean genes Rpp3 and Rpp?(Hyuuga) confer resistance to specific isolates of the pathogen. Both genes map to chromosome 6 (Gm06) (linkage group [LG] C2). We recently identified 12 additional soybean accessions that harbor ASR resistance mapping to Gm06, within 5 centimorgans of Rpp3 and Rpp?(Hyuuga). To further characterize genotypes with resistance on Gm06, we used a set of eight P pachyrhizi isolates collected from geo-graphically diverse areas to inoculate plants and evaluate them for differential phenotypic responses. Three isolates elicited different responses from soybean accessions PI 462312 (Ankur) (Rpp3) and PI 506764 (Hyuuga) (Rpp?[Hyuuga]). In all, 11 of the new accessions yielded responses identical to either PI 462312 or Hyuuga and 1 of the new accessions. PI 417089B (Kuro daizu), differed from all others. Additional screening of Hyuuga-derived recombinant inbred lines indicated that Hyuuga carries two resistance genes, one at the Rpp3 locus on Gm06 and a second, unlinked ASR resistance gene mapping to Gm03 (LG-N) near Rpp5. These findings reveal a natural case of gene pyramiding for ASR resistance in Hyuuga and underscore the importance of utilizing multiple isolates of P pachyrhizi when screening for ASR resistance. C1 [Kendrick, Mandy D.; Frederick, Reid D.; Pedley, Kerry F.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Harris, Donna K.; Ha, Bo-Keun; Boerma, H. Roger] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Genom, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ha, Bo-Keun] KAERI, ARTI, Jeongeup 580185, Jeonbuk, South Korea. [Hyten, David L.; Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pedley, KF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Kerry.Pedley@ars.usda.gov OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service; Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations; United Soybean Board; American Seed Trade Association; T. W. Edminster Postdoctoral Fellowship FX This work was partially funded by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service, the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations, and grants from the United Soybean Board and the American Seed Trade Association. M. D. Kendrick was supported, in part, by the T. W. Edminster Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded to K. F. Pedley. We thank A. Ruck for her technical help in screening the cultivars for rust resistance; R. Nelson and T. Bedford for providing soybean germplasm from the USDA ARS Soybean Germplasm Collection; and B. Mills (University of Georgia Attapulgus Research and Education Center) and D. Phillips, D. Spradlin, and R. Miller (University of Georgia, Griffin Campus) for field and greenhouse evaluations of soybean lines for rust resistance. NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2011 VL 101 IS 5 BP 535 EP 543 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-10-0257 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 754AZ UT WOS:000289824700003 PM 21244223 ER PT J AU Sharma-Poudyal, D Chen, XM AF Sharma-Poudyal, D. Chen, X. M. TI Models for Predicting Potential Yield Loss of Wheat Caused by Stripe Rust in the U.S. Pacific Northwest SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum; yellow rust ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; WINTER-WHEAT; UNITED-STATES; PRINCIPAL-COMPONENTS; VARIABLE SELECTION; EPIDEMICS; SEVERITY; WEATHER; QUANTIFICATION AB Climatic variation in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) affects epidemics of wheat stripe rust caused by Puccnia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Previous models only estimated disease severity at the flowering stage, which may not predict the actual yield loss. To identify weather factors correlated to stripe rust epidemics and develop models for predicting potential yield loss, correlation and regression analyses were conducted using weather parameters and historical yield loss data from 1993 to 2007 for winter wheat and 1995 to 2007 for spring wheat. Among 1,376 weather variables, 54 were correlated to yield loss of winter wheat and 18 to yield loss of spring wheat. Among the seasons, winter temperature variables were more highly correlated to wheat yield loss than the other seasons. The sum of daily temperatures and accumulated negative degree days of February were more highly correlated to winter wheat yield loss than the other monthly winter variables. In addition, the number of winter rainfall days was found correlated with yield loss. Six yield loss models were selected for each of winter and spring wheats based on their better correlation coefficients, time of weather data availability during the crop season, and better performance in validation tests. Compared with previous models, the new system of using a series of the selected models has advantages that should make it more suitable for forecasting and managing stripe rust in the major wheat growing areas in the U.S. PNW, where the weather conditions have become more favorable to stripe rust. C1 [Sharma-Poudyal, D.; Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-014-00D]; Washington State University [11W-3061-7824, 13C-3061-3923]; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center [WNP00823]; Washington State University, Pullman [WA 99164-6430] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project 5348-22000-014-00D) and Washington State University (Project 11W-3061-7824 and 13C-3061-3923). PPNS 0541, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Project Number WNP00823, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430. We thank D. A. Johnson and T. D. Murray for critical review of the manuscript and M. Evans for statistical consultation. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2011 VL 101 IS 5 BP 544 EP 554 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-08-10-0215 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 754AZ UT WOS:000289824700004 PM 21190424 ER PT J AU Schneider, WL Damsteegt, VD Gildow, FE Stone, AL Sherman, DJ Levy, LE Mavrodieva, V Richwine, N Welliver, R Luster, DG AF Schneider, William L. Damsteegt, Vernon D. Gildow, Fred E. Stone, Andrew L. Sherman, Diana J. Levy, Laurene E. Mavrodieva, Vessela Richwine, Nancy Welliver, Ruth Luster, Douglas G. TI Molecular, Ultrastructural, and Biological Characterization of Pennsylvania Isolates of Plum pox virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SHARKA DISEASE; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; POTYVIRUS; RNA; PRUNUS; STRAIN; HOST; PROTEIN AB Plum pox virus (PPV) was identified in Pennsylvania in 1999. The outbreak was limited to a four-county region in southern Pennsylvania. Initial serological and molecular characterization indicated that the isolates in Pennsylvania belong to the D strain of PPV. The Pennsylvania isolates were characterized by sequence analysis, electron microscopy, host range, and vector transmission to determine how these isolates related to their previously studied European counterparts. Genetically, Pennsylvania (PPV-Penn) isolates were more closely related to each other than to any other PPV-D strains, and isolates from the United States, Canada, and Chile were more closely related to each other than to European isolates. The PPV-Penn isolates exist as two clades, suggesting the possibility of multiple introductions. Electron microscopy analysis of PPV-Penn isolates, including cytopathological studies, indicated that the virions were similar to other Potyvirus spp. PPV-Penn isolates had a herbaceous host range similar to that of European D isolates. There were distinct differences in the transmission efficiencies of the two PPV-Penn isolates using Myzus persicae and Aphis spiraecola as vectors; however, both PPV-Penn isolates were transmitted by M. persicae more efficiently than a European D isolate but less efficiently than a European M isolate. C1 [Schneider, William L.; Damsteegt, Vernon D.; Stone, Andrew L.; Sherman, Diana J.; Luster, Douglas G.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Gildow, Fred E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Buckhout Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Levy, Laurene E.; Mavrodieva, Vessela] USDA Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, PPQ CPHST Natl Plant Germplasm & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Richwine, Nancy; Welliver, Ruth] Penn Dept Agr, Harrisburg, PA USA. RP Schneider, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM william.schneider@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD MAY PY 2011 VL 101 IS 5 BP 627 EP 636 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-10-0256 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 754AZ UT WOS:000289824700012 PM 21261466 ER PT J AU Prom, LK Perumal, R Erattaimuthu, SR Erpekling, JE Montes, N Odvody, GN Greenwald, C Jin, ZY Frederiksen, R Magill, CW AF Prom, Louis K. Perumal, Ramasamy Erattaimuthu, Saradha R. Erpekling, John E. Montes, Noe Odvody, Gary N. Greenwald, Charles Jin, Zheyu Frederiksen, Richard Magill, Clint W. TI Virulence and Molecular Genotyping Studies of Sporisorium reilianum Isolates in Sorghum SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID AFLP; SMUT; GENOME AB Head smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Sporisorium reilianum, has been reported with increasing frequency in the grain sorghum growing areas of Texas. To facilitate analysis of changes in pathogen virulence, four inoculation techniques were examined: soil and teliospore mixture, seed coating, media placement, and syringe injection. Of the four, syringe injection was determined to be the most effective. Inoculations of sorghum host differentials BTx643, BTx7078, BTx635, SC170-6-17 (TAM2571), SA281 (Early Hegari), and Tx414 showed 23 of 32 Texas isolates were race 4. Two isolates from College Station, TX, were classified as race 1, but no race 2 or 3 isolates were found. New, virulent races 5 and 6 were identified among isolates from south Texas. Using 16 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations, genetic diversity was assessed in DNA samples from 49 S. reilianum isolates, including 44 sorghum isolates from Texas. two from Uganda, and one from Mali; and two maize isolates from Mexico. Single-base extensions with EcoRI and Nisei primers in the selective amplification increased the number of informative polymorphic bands. High genetic dissimilarity (50%) was observed between isolates originating from maize and those originating from sorghum. The resultant dendrogram, made using cluster analysis, grouped the Texas S. reilianum isolates into four small clusters with >= 82% similarity. Other than for two race 6 isolates from Weslaco. TX, no evidence for geographical or other restrictions on gene flow was evident. C1 [Greenwald, Charles; Magill, Clint W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Prom, Louis K.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Perumal, Ramasamy] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS USA. [Erattaimuthu, Saradha R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Erpekling, John E.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Montes, Noe] INIFAP, Rio Bravo Expt Stn, Rio Bravo 88900, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [Odvody, Gary N.] Texas AgriLife Sci, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Corpus Christi, TX 78406 USA. [Jin, Zheyu] Baicheng City Acad Agr Sci, Baicheng 137000, Jilin Province, Peoples R China. RP Magill, CW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM c-magill@tamu.edu NR 27 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 523 EP 529 DI 10.1094/PDIS-10-10-0720 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800003 ER PT J AU Weiland, JE AF Weiland, Jerry E. TI Influence of Isolation Method on Recovery of Pythium Species from Forest Nursery Soils in Oregon and Washington SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; PYTHIACEOUS FUNGI; GENUS PYTHIUM; SOUTH-AFRICA; CAVITY SPOT; PHYTOPHTHORA; IRREGULARE; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENICITY AB Pythium species are common damping-off pathogens that can cause stunting, chlorosis, and death of conifer seedlings in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) region of the United States. Despite the prevalence and importance of these pathogens in forest nurseries, relatively little is known about the identity of Pythium species associated with forest nursery soils in Washington and Oregon. A limited number of studies have reported P. aphanidermatum, P. irregulare, P. mamillatum, and P. ultimum as the predominant species in the PNW, but most studies of this genus in forest nurseries have not reported Pythium species identity. In an attempt to identify Pythium species associated with forest nursery soils, field surveys were conducted at three forest nurseries (two in Oregon and one in Washington) in 2008 using three isolation methods. Pythium species were isolated by plating soil onto a semi-selective medium or by baiting soil with rhododendron leaf disks and Douglas-fir needle segments. One hundred isolates were randomly selected from each isolation method at each nursery (900 isolates total) and identified on the basis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence. Nineteen Pythium species were identified during the survey. Species richness and abundance were strongly influenced by both nursery and isolation method. Of the 300 isolates obtained from each nursery, P. irregulare was the most commonly isolated species from nursery A in Washington (65% incidence). P 'vipa' and P. dissotocum were the most commonly isolated species from nurseries B and C in Oregon, respectively (53 and 47% incidence, respectively). C1 [Weiland, Jerry E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Weiland, Jerry E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Weiland, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Jerry.Weiland@ars.usda.gov FU Pacific Area Wide Pest Management Program for Methyl Bromide Alternatives FX I thank Anne Davis, Bryan Beck, and Duncan Kroese for technical assistance. Financial support was provided by the Pacific Area Wide Pest Management Program for Methyl Bromide Alternatives. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 547 EP 553 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-10-0242 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800006 ER PT J AU Wegulo, SN Bockus, WW Nopsa, JH De Wolf, ED Eskridge, KM Peiris, KHS Dowell, FE AF Wegulo, Stephen N. Bockus, William W. Nopsa, John Hernandez De Wolf, Erick D. Eskridge, Kent M. Peiris, Kamaranga H. S. Dowell, Floyd E. TI Effects of Integrating Cultivar Resistance and Fungicide Application on Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol in Winter Wheat SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FOLIAR FUNGICIDES; BARLEY; GRAIN; CEREALS; DISEASE; SCAB AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab, incited by Fusarium graminearum, can cause significant economic losses in small grain production. Five field experiments were conducted from 2007 to 2009 to determine the effects on FHB and the associated mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) of integrating winter wheat cultivar resistance and fungicide application. Other variables measured were yield and the percentage of Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK). The fungicides prothioconazole + tebuconazole (formulated as Prosaro 421 SC) were applied at the rate of 0.475 liters/ha, or not applied, to three cultivars (experiments I to 3) or six cultivars (experiments 4 and 5) differing in their levels of resistance to FHB and DON accumulation. The effect of cultivar on FHB index was highly significant (P < 0.0001) in all five experiments. Under the highest FHB intensity and no fungicide application, the moderately resistant cultivars Harry, Heyne, Roane, and Truman had less severe FHB than the susceptible cultivars 2137, Jagalene, Overley, and Tomahawk (indices of 30 to 46% and 78 to 99%, respectively). Percent fungicide efficacy in reducing index and DON was greater in moderately resistant than in susceptible cultivars. Yield was negatively correlated with index, with FDK, and with DON, whereas index was positively correlated with FDK and with DON, and FDK and DON were positively correlated. Correlation between index and DON, index and FDK, and FDK and DON was stronger in susceptible than in moderately resistant cultivars, whereas the negative correlation between yield and FDK and yield and DON was stronger in moderately resistant than in susceptible cultivars. Overall, the strongest correlation was between index and DON (0.74 <= R <= 0.88, P <= 0.05). The results from this study indicate that fungicide efficacy in reducing FHB and DON was greater in moderately resistant cultivars than in susceptible ones. This shows that integrating cultivar resistance with fungicide application can be an effective strategy for management of FHB and DON in winter wheat. C1 [Wegulo, Stephen N.; Nopsa, John Hernandez] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Bockus, William W.; De Wolf, Erick D.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Eskridge, Kent M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Peiris, Kamaranga H. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dowell, Floyd E.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wegulo, SN (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM swegulo2@unlnotes.unl.edu RI Hernandez Nopsa, John Fredy/E-7366-2013; OI Wegulo, Stephen/0000-0002-4435-6055 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-7-080] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0790-7-080. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 22 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 554 EP 560 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-10-0495 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800007 ER PT J AU Zeatfoss, AD Cowger, C Ojiambo, PS AF Zeatfoss, A. D. Cowger, C. Ojiambo, P. S. TI A Degree-Day Model for the Latent Period of Stagonospora nodorum Blotch in Winter Wheat SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SEPTORIA LEAF BLOTCH; MYCOSPHAERELLA-GRAMINICOLA; PHAEOSPHAERIA-NODORUM; LEPTOSPHAERIA-NODORUM; PARTIAL RESISTANCE; INCUBATION PERIOD; SPRING WHEATS; TAN SPOT; DISEASE; COMPONENTS AB Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), which is caused by Stagonospora nodorum, occurs frequently in the southeastern United States, and severe epidemics can lead to substantial yield losses. To develop a model for the progress of SNB based on the effects of temperature on the latent period of the pathogen, batches of two winter wheat cultivars, AGS 2000 and USG 3209, were inoculated with S. nodorum at weekly intervals for 16 weeks. After 72 h of incubation, inoculated plants were exposed to outdoor conditions where temperatures ranged from -6.6 to 35.8 degrees C, with a mean batch temperature ranging from 9.7 to 24.7 degrees C. Latent period, expressed as time from inoculation until the first visible lesions with pycnidia, ranged from 13 to 34 days. The relationship between the inverse of the latent period and mean temperature was best described by a linear model, and the estimated thermal time required for the completion of the latent period was 384.6 degree-days. A shifted cumulative gamma distribution model with a base temperature of 0.5 degrees C significantly (P < 0.0001) described the relationship between increasing number of lesions with pycnidia and accumulated thermal time. When latent period was defined as time to 50% of the maximum number of lesions with pycnidia (L50), the model estimated L50 as 336 and 326 degree-days above 0.5 degrees C for AGS 2000 and USG 3209, respectively. The relationship between I/L50 and mean temperature was also best described using a linear model (r(2) = 0.93, P < 0.001). This study provides data that link disease progress with wheat growth, which facilitates accurate identification of thresholds for timing of fungicide applications. C1 [Cowger, C.; Ojiambo, P. S.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Ojiambo, PS (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM peter_ojiambo@ncsu.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 561 EP 567 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-10-0651 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800008 ER PT J AU Larkin, RP Honeycutt, CW Olanya, OM AF Larkin, Robert P. Honeycutt, C. Wayne Olanya, O. Modesto TI Management of Verticillium Wilt of Potato with Disease-Suppressive Green Manures and as Affected by Previous Cropping History SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; BORNE-FUNGAL-PATHOGENS; RUSSET-BURBANK POTATO; LIQUID SWINE MANURE; FATTY-ACID PROFILES; SUBSTRATE UTILIZATION; SOILBORNE DISEASES; AMENDMENT; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY AB The ability of disease-suppressive rotation crops to reduce potato disease problems and increase crop productivity in a field with prior severe Verticillium wilt, as well as the potential influence of previous cropping history on disease suppression, was evaluated over three field seasons in Maine. Disease-suppressive rotations consisted of: (i) a high-glucosinolate mustard blend ('Caliente 119') as a mixture of white mustard (Sinapis alba) and oriental mustard (Brassica juncea) with known biofumigation potential and (ii) a sorghum-sudangrass hybrid. Each were grown as single-season green manures followed by a subsequent potato crop. These rotations were compared with a standard barley rotation and a barley rotation followed by chemical fumigation with metam sodium as controls. Both green manure rotations significantly reduced (average reductions of 25 and 18%, respectively) Verticillium wilt in the subsequent potato crop compared with the standard barley control but were not as effective as chemical fumigation (35% reduction). The mustard blend also reduced other soilborne diseases (black scurf and common scab) better than all other rotations. Mustard blend and chemical fumigation treatments increased tuber yield relative to the barley control by 12 and 18%, respectively. However, by the second rotation cycle, disease levels were high in all rotations, and only chemical fumigation resulted in substantial disease reduction (35%). Rotations also had significant effects on soil microbiology, including soil bacterial and fungal populations and microbial community characteristics based on fatty acid profiles. However, only chemical fumigation significantly reduced soil populations of Verticillium spp. and increased general soil microbial activity. Previous cropping history did not significantly affect disease reduction, tuber yield, or soil microbial communities. This research indicates the potential for using disease-suppressive rotations for managing Verticillium wilt and other soilborne diseases but also indicates that multiple years of disease-suppressive crops may be needed to substantially reduce disease in heavily infested fields. C1 [Larkin, Robert P.; Honeycutt, C. Wayne; Olanya, O. Modesto] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Larkin, RP (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Bob.Larkin@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 40 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 568 EP 576 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-10-0670 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800009 ER PT J AU Miles, MR Bonde, MR Nester, SE Berner, DK Frederick, RD Hartman, GL AF Miles, M. R. Bonde, M. R. Nester, S. E. Berner, D. K. Frederick, R. D. Hartman, G. L. TI Characterizing Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi in Soybean SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UREDIAL DEVELOPMENT; RUST RESISTANCE; GENES; INHERITANCE; FUNGICIDE; SEVERITY; LOCUS; YIELD; RPP1 AB Resistance in soybean to Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the cause of soybean rust, is characterized by either reddish-brown (RB) lesions or an immune response. The RB type of resistance can be incomplete, as evidenced by the presence of sporulating uredinia within lesions. Susceptibility, on the other hand, is exemplified by tan-colored (TAN) lesions, and. can be expressed in gradations of susceptibility or partial resistance that are less well defined. This study evaluated traits associated with incomplete or partial resistance to P pachyrhizi in soybean by comparing 34 soybean accessions inoculated with four P pachyrhizi isolates. Six accessions produced RB lesions to all four isolates, while 19 accessions produced TAN lesions, including plant introduction (PI) 200492 (Rppl) and the susceptible check 'Williams'. Williams had among the largest area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values and area under the sporulating uredinia progress curve (AUSUPC) values, while eight accessions had lower AUSUPC values. Of the known sources of single-gene resistance, only PI 230970 (Rpp2), PI 459025B (Rpp4), and PI 594538A (Rpplb) had lower AUDPC and AUSUPC values than Williams. PI 594538A and PI 561356 had RB lesions and had the lowest AUDPC and AUSUPC values. Of the known sources of single-gene resistance, only PI 230970 (Rpp2) and PI 594538A (Rpplb) produced fewer and smaller-diameter uredinia than Williams. This study characterized reactions to P pachyrhizi in 34 accessions based on lesion type and sporulation, and defined incomplete resistance and partial resistance in the soybean P pachyrhizi interaction. C1 [Miles, M. R.; Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bonde, M. R.; Nester, S. E.; Berner, D. K.; Frederick, R. D.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@illinois.edu FU United Soybean Board [2229, 3217, 4217, 4235] FX This research was supported by the United Soybean Board as Projects 2229, 3217, 4217, and 4235, and supports the goals of the USDA National Strategic Plan for the Coordination and Integration of Soybean Rust Research. We thank R. Nelson and the staff at the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection Center at Urbana, IL for providing soybean seed used in this study; T. Herman and T. Lynch for organizing the sets of seed sent to the FDWSRU; C. Austin, J. Bowers, S. Diepold, and C. Stone for their technical assistance with the seedling valuations; H. Tipton, N. Hoff, and T. Hancock for the histological evaluations at the FDWSRU; and C. B. Hill for his critical review of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 577 EP 581 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-10-0450 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800010 ER PT J AU Adhikari, TB Hansen, JM Gurung, S Bonman, JM AF Adhikari, T. B. Hansen, J. M. Gurung, S. Bonman, J. M. TI Identification of New Sources of Resistance in Winter Wheat to Multiple Strains of Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID STREAK MOSAIC-VIRUS; BACTERIAL STREAK; DISEASE REACTIONS; BREAD WHEAT; BLACK CHAFF; SEED; ERADICATION; BARLEY AB Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa, has re-emerged as an important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the United States. Planting resistant varieties is the best approach to manage BLS in the absence of effective bactericides. However, most of the wheat varieties currently grown in the Upper Midwest of the United States appeared to be susceptible to BLS. From the core subset of the USDA National Small Grain Collection (NSGC), a set of 605 winter wheat accessions of diverse origin and improvement status were initially inoculated with a virulent strain BLSW16 of X. translucens pv. undulosa from Casselton, ND on the flag leaf of each plant in a greenhouse. Disease reactions were assessed between 7 and 10 days after infiltration using a 0 to 6 rating scale, where <= 2.0 was considered resistant and >2.1 was considered susceptible. Resistance varied with geographic origin and was significantly (P <= 0.05) more frequent in accessions from North America compared to accessions from northern, eastern, and southern Europe and from d south-central Asia. About 8.3% of accessions tested were resistant, and accessions with an improvement status of "cultivar" were significantly more likely to be resistant than were accessions classified as either landraces or breeding lines. Forty-two of the accessions exhibiting resistance in response to the strain BLSW16 in the first screening test were retested utilizing each of the two additional strains (BLS Cr25 and BLS Lb74 of X. translucens pv. undulosa) collected from Carrington and Lisbon, respectively. Nonparametric data analysis revealed 35 accessions were resistant, one accession, PI 266860, was susceptible to both strains, and six accessions showed differential responses. The majority of the BLS-resistant accessions also were resistant to at least one other important wheat disease based on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) data. These results suggest that diverse and novel sources of resistance to BLS identified in this study can be utilized in winter wheat breeding programs. C1 [Adhikari, T. B.; Hansen, J. M.; Gurung, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, NDSU Dept 7660, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Bonman, J. M.] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Adhikari, TB (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, NDSU Dept 7660, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM tika.adhikari@ndsu.edu FU Wheat Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota; North Dakota Wheat Commission; State Board of Agricultural Research and Education, North Dakota FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support for this project from the Wheat Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota, North Dakota Wheat Commission, and State Board of Agricultural Research and Education, North Dakota. We thank Kamal Thapa and Jaimin Patel for technical support. We are grateful to the following scientists for generating the NSGC disease resistance accession data analyzed in this study: Merle G. Eversmeyer, USDA-ARS, retired, for leaf rust data; Roland F. Line, USDA-ARS, retired, and Xianming Chen, USDA-ARS, for stripe rust data; and Steve Leath, USDA-ARS, retired, for powdery mildew data. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 582 EP 588 DI 10.1094/PDIS-10-10-0760 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800011 ER PT J AU Stanosz, GR Smith, DR Sullivan, JP Mech, AM Gandhi, KJK Dalusky, MJ Mayfield, AE Fraedrich, SW AF Stanosz, G. R. Smith, D. R. Sullivan, J. P. Mech, A. M. Gandhi, K. J. K. Dalusky, M. J. Mayfield, A. E. Fraedrich, S. W. TI Shoot Blight Caused by Sirococcus tsugae on Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in Georgia SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Stanosz, G. R.; Smith, D. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sullivan, J. P.] Georgia Forestry Commiss, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gandhi, K. J. K.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dalusky, M. J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mayfield, A. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Fraedrich, S. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Stanosz, GR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 612 EP 613 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-10-0833 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800020 ER PT J AU Ruhl, G Twieg, E DeVries, R Levy, L Byrne, J Mollov, D Taylor, N AF Ruhl, G. Twieg, E. DeVries, R. Levy, L. Byrne, J. Mollov, D. Taylor, N. TI First Report of Bacterial Wilt in Mandevilla (= Dipladenia) splendens 'Red Riding Hood' in the United States Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Biovar 3 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Ruhl, G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Twieg, E.; DeVries, R.; Levy, L.] USDA, NPGBL, APHIS, PPQ,CPHST, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Byrne, J.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mollov, D.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Taylor, N.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Ruhl, G (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 95 IS 5 BP 614 EP 615 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-10-0858 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 752NV UT WOS:000289699800025 ER PT J AU Chen, CY Strobaugh, TP Lindsey, RL Frye, JG Uhlich, G AF Chen, Chin-Yi Strobaugh, Terence P., Jr. Lindsey, Rebecca L. Frye, Jonathan G. Uhlich, Gaylen TI Sequence analysis of a group of low molecular-weight plasmids carrying multiple IS903 elements flanking a kanamycin resistance aph gene in Salmonella enterica serovars SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Kanamycin resistance; Plasmid; IS903 ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI STRAINS; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; COLE1-LIKE PLASMIDS; TRANSPOSON TN903; DNA-SEQUENCE; ORGANIZATION; CLASSIFICATION; PREVALENCE; DIVERSITY AB A group of low molecular-weight ColE1-like plasmids carrying the aph sequence type aph(ii) from three different Salmonella serovars were sequenced. These plasmids carry two or more copies of IS903 elements, with up to 21 bp sequence differences to one another, two of which flank the aph gene. This group of plasmids did not appear to carry any known mobilization genes and instead carry three open reading frames encoding hypothetical proteins of unknown function possibly organized in an operon. The plasmid replication region (RNA I/II - rom) of this plasmid group showed extensive homology to that of pKPN2 plasmid of Klebsiella pneumoniae and pCol-let plasmid of Escherichia coli. Three of the four plasmids had identical sequences, and the fourth had an extra copy of IS903 with target duplication, suggesting a recent divergence in the different Salmonella serovars from a common ancestor. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chen, Chin-Yi; Strobaugh, Terence P., Jr.; Uhlich, Gaylen] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Lindsey, Rebecca L.; Frye, Jonathan G.] ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Chen, CY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Ln, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM chin-yi.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013 OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395 NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD MAY PY 2011 VL 65 IS 3 BP 246 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.plasmid.2011.02.001 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 754AS UT WOS:000289823800008 PM 21324339 ER PT J AU Brown, G Patterson, T Cain, N AF Brown, Gardner Patterson, Trista Cain, Nicholas TI The devil in the details: Non-convexities in ecosystem service provision SO RESOURCE AND ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Non-convexity; Ecosystem services; Predator-prey dyamics ID FOREST; TIMBER; MANAGEMENT; WILDLIFE; PRICES; EXTERNALITIES; MODEL AB Standard economic theory is built on key assumptions regarding concavity and convexity, particular with respect to the production possibility frontier. Non-convexity is readily demonstrated using a two species conventional model. Now that ecosystem services are growing in prominence it is important to confirm that typical natural resource production relations obey these conditions. If not, innocently prescribing price or allocation policies can lead to a minimum rather than a maximum or to wrong equilibrium solutions in general. This is a particular danger in decentralized pricing systems. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, Gardner; Cain, Nicholas] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Patterson, Trista] US Forest Serv, Sitka, AK USA. RP Brown, G (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM gbrown@u.washington.edu NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-7655 J9 RESOUR ENERGY ECON JI Resour. Energy Econ. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 33 IS 2 SI SI BP 355 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2010.05.002 PG 11 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 748LJ UT WOS:000289391800002 ER PT J AU Johnson, TA Sims, GK AF Johnson, Teresa A. Sims, Gerald K. TI Introduction of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid into soil with solvents and resulting implications for bioavailability to microorganisms SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodegradation; Herbicide; Pesticide; Sorption; Desorption; Mineralization ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; 2,4-D MINERALIZATION; TEMPERATURE; MOISTURE; SORPTION; WATER; HERBICIDES; ATRAZINE; FIELD AB Slow equilibration of introduced chemicals through tortuous pore space limits uniform substrate distribution in soil biodegradation studies. The necessity of introducing poorly soluble xenobiotics via organic solvents, the volume of which is minimized to limit toxicity, likely also affects xenobiotic distribution. Our objective was to investigate relative effects of carrier solvent choice and volume on xenobiotic distribution, apparent solvent toxicity, and soil degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid. Incubations using four carrier solvents ranging in properties showed that the fraction of 2,4-D mineralized was a hyperbolic function of solvent volume used (0.02-10 mu l g(-1)), attributed to compensating effects of herbicide bioavailability and solvent toxicity. Substrate concentration influenced mineralization of herbicide introduced with organic carriers, but not water. Fraction of material readily desorbed increased when water was the carrier. Results suggest that solvent toxicity should be balanced with uniformity of substrate distribution when using organic carriers in soils. Substrate bioavailability is a ubiquitous issue in terrestrial microbiology research, thus limitations observed herein broadly apply to microbiology questions about introduced substances in soil. We advocate the development of tools to characterize variable conditions among soil compartments, estimates of substrate bioavailability, and linkage of this information to microbial data. C1 [Sims, Gerald K.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Johnson, Teresa A.] Ohio State Univ, Univ Ctr Adv Teaching, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Sims, GK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, S-306 Turner Hall,1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gksims@illinois.edu RI Sims, Gerald/A-2500-2008 FU Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture [3611-12220-006-00D] FX The authors appreciate the assistance of Christina Huneke for laboratory assistance. This work was supported by the Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, project number 3611-12220-006-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0959-3993 J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 27 IS 5 BP 1137 EP 1143 DI 10.1007/s11274-010-0560-y PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 752IG UT WOS:000289684200016 ER PT J AU Dong, YL Yin, CT Hulbert, S Chen, XM Kang, ZS AF Dong, Yan-Ling Yin, Chun-Tao Hulbert, Scot Chen, Xian-Ming Kang, Zhen-Sheng TI Cloning and expression analysis of three secreted protein genes from wheat stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Expression; Haustoria; Secreted protein; Stripe rust fungus; Wheat ID UROMYCES-FABAE; FLAX RUST; HAUSTORIA AB The Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) fungus is a biotrophic obligate parasite causing stripe rust, a major disease of wheat worldwide. Pst genes that encode secreted proteins serving as effectors and avirulence genes are thought to be expressed in haustoria. Three putative secreted protein genes from Pst haustoria were characterized in this study. Their full-length cDNAs were obtained using the 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Their transcripts were ranged from 769 to 1,094 base pairs (bp), encoding predicted proteins of 93 to 203 amino acids without significant similarities to any accessions in the GenBank protein database, but with some homologies to predicted proteins in P. graminis, the stem rust pathogen. The predicted products of the genes were characterized as secreted proteins and designated as PstSP2C7, PstSP11L10 and PstSP11P10. PstSP11L10 had a much higher expression level in infected leaves than in urediniospores and germinated urediniospores and therefore should be a good candidate for a gene involved in the wheat-Pst interaction. C1 [Dong, Yan-Ling; Kang, Zhen-Sheng] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Dong, Yan-Ling; Yin, Chun-Tao; Hulbert, Scot; Chen, Xian-Ming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xian-Ming] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008; yin, chuntao/C-8503-2012 FU Ministry of Agriculture of China [200903035-02]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30930064]; Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This research was supported in part by the Hangye Program from the Ministry of Agriculture of China (200903035-02), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30930064) and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049). NR 16 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0959-3993 EI 1573-0972 J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 27 IS 5 BP 1261 EP 1265 DI 10.1007/s11274-010-0565-6 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 752IG UT WOS:000289684200031 ER PT J AU Zhu, H Grewal, PS Reding, ME AF Zhu, H. Grewal, P. S. Reding, M. E. TI DEVELOPMENT OF A DESICCATED CADAVER DELIVERY SYSTEM TO APPLY ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES FOR CONTROL OF SOIL PESTS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Biological insecticide; Farm machinery; Ornamental nursery; Turf application ID DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS; AQUEOUS SUSPENSION; CONTROL AGENT; LARVAE AB Entomopathogenic nematodes may be more capable of controlling soil pests when they are harbored by desiccated cadavers. A small-scale system was developed from a modified crop seed planter to effectively deliver desiccated nematode-infected cadavers into the soil. The system mainly consists of a metering unit, an air pressure source, a cadaver scraper, a custom-designed cadaver container, tension adjustment devices, double disk soil opener, a discharge tube, a packer wheel, and a press-drive wheel. The metering unit intermittently discharges a cadaver to the discharge tube at a constant rate. The double disk opener creates a narrow 7.5-cm deep slot for the placement of the discharged cadavers. The packer wheel then covers the cadavers with loose and somewhat moist soil. The spring tension device and the press-drive wheel control the slot depth. The number of cells on the metering plate controls the cadaver delivery rate regardless of the travel speed. The metering unit with modified double bean plates has delivery accuracy between 79% and 94% at 500-Pa air pressure. A slower travel speed and fewer cells on the metering plate improved the accuracy of delivery. When the travel speed was 4.8 km/h or slower, the desiccated cadaver delivery system performed satisfactorily in both laboratory and field tests, and delivered the cadavers at a rate of 1.6, 3.3, or 6.6 cadavers/m length in the soil. C1 [Zhu, H.; Reding, M. E.] OARDC, USDA ARS, ATRU, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Grewal, P. S.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), OARDC, USDA ARS, ATRU, Ag Eng Bldg,1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 27 IS 3 BP 317 EP 324 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 786ZI UT WOS:000292346000001 ER PT J AU Yuan, Y Bingner, RL Locke, MA Theurer, FD Stafford, J AF Yuan, Y. Bingner, R. L. Locke, M. A. Theurer, F. D. Stafford, J. TI ASSESSMENT OF SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO REDUCE NITROGEN LOADINGS USING ANNAGNPS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE AnnAGNPS watershed modeling; Ohio Upper Auglaize watershed; Midwest; Drainage management practices; Water quality ID STOCHASTIC WEATHER SIMULATION; NITRATE LOSS; WATER-QUALITY; TILE DRAINAGE; DRAINMOD-N; MODEL; SUBIRRIGATION; LOSSES; DEPTH; STRATEGIES AB The goal of the Future Midwest Landscape project is to quantify current and future landscape services across the Midwest region and examine changes expected to occur as a result of two alternative drivers of future change: the growing demand for biofuels; and hypothetical increases in incentives for the use of agricultural conservation practices to mitigate the adverse impact caused by the growing demand for biofuels. Nitrogen losses to surface waters are of great concern on both national and regional scales, and nitrogen losses from drained cropland in the Midwest have been identified as one of the major sources of N in streams. With the growing demand for biofuels and potentially increased corn production, measures are needed to allow the continued high agricultural productivity of naturally poorly drained soils in the Midwest while reducing N losses to surface waters. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the long-term effects of drainage system management on reducing N losses. To achieve the overall objective of this study, the USDA Annualized AGricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) pollutant loading model was applied to the Ohio Upper Auglaize watershed located in the southern portion of the Maumee River Basin. In thus study, AnnAGNPS model was calibrated using USGS monitored data; and then the effects of various subsurface drainage management practices on nitrogen loadings were assessed. Wider drain spacings and shallower depths to drain can be used to reduce nitrogen loadings. Nitrogen loading was reduced by 35% by changing drain spacing from 12 to 15 m (40 to 50 ft); and 15% nitrogen was reduced by changing the drain depth from 1.2 to 1.1 m (48 to 42 in.) and an additional 20% was reduced by changing the drain depth from 1.1 to 0.9 in (42 to 36 in.). In addition, nitrogen loadings could be significantly reduced by plugging subsurface drains from 1 November to 1 April of each year. About 64% nitrogen was reduced by completely controlling subsurface drainages for a drainage system with drain space of 12 m (40 ft) and drain depth of 1.2 m (48 in.). C1 [Yuan, Y.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NERL ESD Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Bingner, R. L.] USDA ARS, Watershed Phys Proc & Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS USA. [Locke, M. A.] USDA ARS, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS USA. [Theurer, F. D.] USDA, NRCS, Natl Water & Climate Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Stafford, J.] USDA, NRCS, Columbus, OH USA. RP Yuan, Y (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NERL ESD Landscape Ecol Branch, POB 93478,944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM yuan.yongping@epa.gov RI feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012 OI feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368 NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 27 IS 3 BP 335 EP 344 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 786ZI UT WOS:000292346000003 ER PT J AU Palmer, RE Meisinger, JJ Magette, WL AF Palmer, R. E. Meisinger, J. J. Magette, W. L. TI UNDISTURBED SOIL-COLUMNS FOR LYSIMETRY: I. COLLECTION, FIELD TESTING, AND CONSTRUCTION SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Lysimeter; Intact soil cores; Undisturbed soil columns; Solute transport instruments; Air permeability ID GAS-TRANSPORT PARAMETERS; WEIGHING LYSIMETERS; WATER PERMEABILITY; AIR PERMEAMETER; VADOSE ZONE; DESIGN; DRAINAGE; CORES; CROP; FERTILIZATION AB Methods to obtain undisturbed soil columns are vital to the study of solute transport in soils. To preserve the natural solute-flow processes, it is important to maintain the soil's structural integrity and eliminate formation of cracks or channels during column collection and transportation. A simple and inexpensive method of excavation and encasement was developed for 41-cm diameter x 100-cm long undisturbed soil columns. A 50:50 mixture of granular bentonite clay and sand was used to successfully seal the soil column along the length and circumference of it's interface with a 42-cm internal diameter x 100-cm long PVC casing. An air permeability test was adapted to analyze the integrity of the intact soil columns both before and after transportation. A steel frame fitted with a shock-absorbing platform was designed to transport the columns, which successfully transported seven of eight soil columns over a distance of 102 km, as confirmed by the air permeability test. The soil columns were fitted with a series of seven large porous-ceramic extractors that were connected to an on-site vacuum system, which converted the soil columns into small lysimeters. Results of this research demonstrate that it is possible to obtain, transport, and evaluate the structural integrity of undisturbed soil columns and to equip them with a tension-drained collection system suitable for solute transport or water quality research. C1 [Meisinger, J. J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Palmer, R. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Agron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Magette, W. L.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dept Civil Engn, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Meisinger, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 163F,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM John.Meisinger@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 27 IS 3 BP 379 EP 389 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 786ZI UT WOS:000292346000008 ER PT J AU Palmer, RE Hill, RL Meisinger, JJ Magette, WL AF Palmer, R. E. Hill, R. L. Meisinger, J. J. Magette, W. L. TI UNDISTURBED SOIL COLUMNS FOR LYSIMETRY: II. MISCIBLE DISPLACEMENT AND FIELD EVALUATION SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Lysimeter; Intact soil cores; Solute transport; Miscible displacement; No-tillage; Plow-tillage ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; CHLORIDE MOVEMENT; NITRATE MOVEMENT; SATURATED SOIL; TROPICAL SOIL; POROUS-MEDIA; WATER-FLOW; SOD MULCH; TILLAGE; CORN AB There is a crucial need for in situ solute transport research in order to evaluate nutrient movement from agricultural practices. Eight undisturbed soil columns (41 cm diameter x 100 cm long) were converted into small lysimeters using PVC cylinders, grouting with a bentonite:sand mixture, and instrumented with ceramic suction candles. Four lysimeters were from no-tillage (NT) continuous corn plots and four were from moldboard plow-tillage (PT). Miscible displacement evaluation of each soil column was accomplished by saturating with 0.005M CaSO4 and establishing steady-state flow followed by a "step input" of 0.01M KBr to produce Br break through curves (BTC) after Br analysis of percolate. The BTCs were evaluated using a two-site/two-region non-equilibrium transport model. Preferential flow occurred in all soil columns as evidenced by: rapid appearance of Br, skewed BTCs, and the slow approach to input concentrations. The Br breakthrough for candles under the middle of the soil column were not different from candles under the outer-edges; thus confirming the structural integrity of the bentonite:sand grouting. Significantly greater K-sat and surface fluxes were observed for the NT lysimeters compared to PT although other physical properties and solute transport parameters were similar These results are consistent with a greater network of inter-connected large pores with NT In-field comparison of percolation from winter wheat with the small lysimeters agreed well with corresponding data from large monolith lysimeters in Ohio. It is concluded that the small lysimeters are reliable instruments to further understand of nutrient transport as affected by previous tillage. C1 [Meisinger, J. J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Palmer, R. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Agron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hill, R. L.] Univ Maryland, Environ Sci & Tech Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Magette, W. L.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dept Civil Engn, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Meisinger, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 163F,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM John.Meisinger@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 27 IS 3 BP 391 EP 400 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 786ZI UT WOS:000292346000009 ER PT J AU Patton, EG Horst, TW Sullivan, PP Lenschow, DH Oncley, SP Brown, WOJ Burns, SP Guenther, AB Held, A Karl, T Mayor, SD Rizzo, LV Spuler, SM Sun, J Turnipseed, AA Allwine, EJ Edburg, SL Lamb, BK Avissar, R Calhoun, RJ Kleissl, J Massman, WJ Paw U, KT Weil, JC AF Patton, Edward G. Horst, Thomas W. Sullivan, Peter P. Lenschow, Donald H. Oncley, Steven P. Brown, William O. J. Burns, Sean P. Guenther, Alex B. Held, Andreas Karl, Thomas Mayor, Shane D. Rizzo, Luciana V. Spuler, Scott M. Sun, Jielun Turnipseed, Andrew A. Allwine, Eugene J. Edburg, Steven L. Lamb, Brian K. Avissar, Roni Calhoun, Ronald J. Kleissl, Jan Massman, William J. Paw U, Kyaw Tha Weil, Jeffrey C. TI THE CANOPY HORIZONTAL ARRAY TURBULENCE STUDY SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID REACTION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; FOREST CANOPY; PTR-MS; CONCENTRATION PROFILES; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; VOC EMISSIONS; SCALE C1 [Patton, Edward G.; Horst, Thomas W.; Sullivan, Peter P.; Lenschow, Donald H.; Oncley, Steven P.; Brown, William O. J.; Burns, Sean P.; Guenther, Alex B.; Held, Andreas; Karl, Thomas; Mayor, Shane D.; Rizzo, Luciana V.; Spuler, Scott M.; Sun, Jielun; Turnipseed, Andrew A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Allwine, Eugene J.; Edburg, Steven L.; Lamb, Brian K.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Avissar, Roni] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Calhoun, Ronald J.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. [Kleissl, Jan] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Massman, William J.] USDA Forest Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Paw U, Kyaw Tha] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weil, Jeffrey C.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Patton, EG (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM patton@ucar.edu RI Burns, Sean/A-9352-2008; Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Patton, Edward/K-3607-2012; Sun, Jielun/H-6576-2015; OI Burns, Sean/0000-0002-6258-1838; Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426; Sun, Jielun/0000-0003-3271-7914; LENSCHOW, DONALD/0000-0003-4353-0098; Patton, Edward/0000-0001-5431-9541 FU University of California; National Science Foundation Division of Atmospheric Sciences; Lower Atmosphere Observing Facilities program; National Center for Atmospheric Research's (NCAR's) Bio-Hydro-Atmosphere Interactions of Energy; Army Research Office [MIPR5HNS-FAR044, W911NF-04-1-0411, W911NF-09-1-0572, W911NF-07-1-0137]; Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP) at Colorado State University, NSF [ATM-0425247, G-3045-9]; German Research Foundation DFG [HE-5214/1-1]; Arizona State University; Duke University; NSF [AGS 0924407] FX Joe Grant from the University of California, Cooperative Extension in Stockton, California, guided us during our search for an appropriate orchard and connected us with the Cilkers. Mario Moratorio and Paul Lum from the University of California, Cooperative Extension in Davis, California, provided advice on instrument location and helped establish contact with Bob Currey, Craig Gnos, and Roy Gill, who allowed us to place research equipment on their property.; We would also like to acknowledge our funding sources that came together to make this program happen. Most support came from two branches of the National Science Foundation Division of Atmospheric Sciences: 1) the Lower Atmosphere Observing Facilities program and 2) the National Center for Atmospheric Research's (NCAR's) Bio-Hydro-Atmosphere Interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics and Nitrogen (BEACHON) program. EGP, PPS, JCW, RA, and RC gratefully acknowledge the support of the Army Research Office and the guidance of Program Manager Dr. Walter Bach (Contracts/Grants MIPR5HNS-FAR044, W911NF-04-1-0411, W911NF-09-1-0572, and W911NF-07-1-0137). EGP also acknowledges support from the Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP) at Colorado State University, NSF Grant ATM-0425247, and Contract G-3045-9 to NCAR. AH was supported by a research fellowship of the German Research Foundation DFG (HE-5214/1-1). Other essential support came from Arizona State University, Duke University, and the University of California. S. D. Mayor acknowledges support from NSF AGS 0924407 to process and analyze the REAL data. NR 54 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 92 IS 5 BP 593 EP 611 DI 10.1175/2010BAMS2614.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 781YA UT WOS:000291972700004 ER PT J AU Mizushima, A Ishii, K Noguchi, N Matsuo, Y Lu, RF AF Mizushima, Akira Ishii, Kazunobu Noguchi, Noboru Matsuo, Yousuke Lu, Renfu TI Development of a low-cost attitude sensor for agricultural vehicles SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Attitude sensor; Vibratory gyroscope; Inclination sensor; GPS; Precision farming; Least-Squares method ID TRACTOR GUIDANCE AB The objective of this research was to develop a low-cost attitude sensor for agricultural vehicles. The attitude sensor was composed of three vibratory gyroscopes and two inclinometers. A sensor fusion algorithm was developed to estimate tilt angles (roll and pitch) by least-squares method. In the algorithm, the drift error of the gyroscopes was estimated using the inclinometers. In addition to tilt angles, the attitude sensor also estimated the absolute heading angle and position with inclination error correction by integrating a GPS. Tests were conducted on a flat field, a sloping ground and a bumpy road. Results showed that the attitude sensor was able to estimate the roll angle with the maximum root mean square error of 0.43 degrees, the pitch angle with 0.61 degrees and the heading angle with 0.64 degrees. Moreover, the attitude sensor dramatically improved the positioning accuracy from 25.9 cm to 3.0 cm in the sloping ground test and from 8.4 cm to 3.7 cm in the bumpy road test. The proposed technology used in the attitude sensor will help to develop advanced agricultural applications. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mizushima, Akira; Lu, Renfu] Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ishii, Kazunobu; Noguchi, Noboru] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. [Matsuo, Yousuke] Inst Agr Machinery, Biooriented Technol Res Advancement Inst, Kita Ku, Saitama 3318537, Japan. RP Mizushima, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, 207 Farrall Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM Akira.Mizushima@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 76 IS 2 BP 198 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2011.01.017 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 785KF UT WOS:000292227200008 ER PT J AU Kerns, BK Buonopane, M Thies, WG Niwa, C AF Kerns, Becky K. Buonopane, Michelle Thies, Walter G. Niwa, Christine TI Reintroducing fire into a ponderosa pine forest with and without cattle grazing: understory vegetation response SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE cattle grazing; cheatgrass; fire effects; forest management; maintenance burning; Oregon; Pinus ponderosa; prescribed fire; season of burn; vegetation AB Reestablishing historical fire regimes is a high priority for North American coniferous forests, particularly ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) ecosystems. These forests are also used extensively for cattle (Bos spp.) grazing. Prescribed fires are being applied on or planned for millions of hectares of these forests to reduce fuel loads, alter forest structure, and maintain and enhance the productivity of native plant communities. However, cattle grazing is ubiquitous in ponderosa pine forests and the consequences of post-fire cattle grazing on plant communities are not well understood. We evaluated cattle grazing effects (grazing, no grazing) on upland bunchgrass and Carex geyeri dominated ponderosa pine plant communities over five growing seasons after prescribed fires (spring reburn, fall reburn, no burn). Vegetation was measured prior to a 5-year interval reburn and the subsequent exclusion of cattle, and in the second and fifth growing seasons thereafter. We found no interactions between reburning and grazing for the understory response variables. For all reburn treatments, including unburned areas, five growing seasons of cattle grazing exclusion significantly increased: (1) total vegetative cover, (2) native perennial forb cover, (3) grass stature, (4) grass flowering stem density, and (5) the cover of some shrub species and functional groups. Grazing exclusion did not strongly affect plant compositional patterns, although differences were detected. Compared to unburned areas, neither spring nor fall reburning increased perennial native species cover or richness, and reburning reduced sedge cover. Fall reburning increased cover of native colonizers, and exotic species cover and richness (largely Bromus tectorum and Cirsium vulgare), although overall exotic cover remains low (<1%). We document several potentially chronic impacts of cattle grazing in both burned and unburned areas, and show that the understory release from a long history of cattle grazing caused a greater degree of change than the initial reintroduction of fire. If a goal of ecological restoration in these forests is increased cover of native perennial plants, and the potential for increased native perennial grass reproduction, then cattle grazing exclusion, or a change in cattle management, could provide critically important options in restoration plans. C1 [Kerns, Becky K.; Buonopane, Michelle; Thies, Walter G.; Niwa, Christine] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kerns, BK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM bkerns@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Sciences Program, National Fire Plan, Forest Health Protection (USDA Forest Service, Special Technology Development Program); USDA Forest Service Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center FX The Joint Fire Sciences Program, National Fire Plan, Forest Health Protection (USDA Forest Service, Special Technology Development Program), and the USDA Forest Service Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center provided funds. We thank the Malheur National Forest for support throughout many years of planning and execution of this study, particularly Mark Loewen and Loretta Zelley. Thanks to numerous field crew members, and special thanks to Doug Westlind, Troy Maddux, Steve Swenson, and Diana Jolles for multi-year field and office support. Manuela Huso, Oregon State University College of Forestry, provided valuable statistical consultation. We are grateful to Donald McKenzie, Jeff Behan, Nancy Grulke, Ashley Steel and five anonymous reviewers for suggestions that improved the manuscript. NR 91 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAY PY 2011 VL 2 IS 5 AR UNSP 59 DI 10.1890/ES10-00183.1 PG 23 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30IV UT WOS:000208810600007 ER PT J AU Peinetti, HR Fredrickson, EL Peters, DPC Cibils, AF Roacho-Estrada, JO Laliberte, AS AF Peinetti, H. Raul Fredrickson, Ed L. Peters, Debra P. C. Cibils, Andres F. Octavio Roacho-Estrada, J. Laliberte, Andrea S. TI Foraging behavior of heritage versus recently introduced herbivores on desert landscapes of the American Southwest SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Chihuahuan desert; criollo cattle; GPS monitoring; herbivory; landscape foraging patterns; resource selection functions AB Since the 1800s managed grasslands and shrublands of the arid American Southwest have been grazed predominantly by cattle originally bred for temperate climates in northern Europe. A heritage breed, the criollo cattle, has survived in northern Mexico for more than 400 years under desert-like conditions of low and variable rainfall, hot temperatures in the growing season, and both spatially and temporally scarce levels of primary production. We tested the hypothesis that the heritage breed has a broader spatial foraging distribution under harsh environmental conditions, and that its distribution is driven by environmental variables which differ from those that control the distribution of the introduced European breed. Movements of individual criollo and Angus breed animals were monitored autonomously in the northern Chihuahuan desert of southern New Mexico, USA. Georeferenced foraging locations acquired at 5-minute intervals for each animal were fit to a logistic regression using environmental factors as predictors. In the spring, when forage availability was high and more uniformly distributed across the landscape, animal foraging patterns were similar for both breeds. In the fall when forage availability was low and non-uniformly distributed, the two breeds exhibited very different foraging patterns: heritage animals foraged across a much larger spatial extent whereas their domestic counterparts remained in close proximity to the permanent source of water. These differences in foraging behavior driven by environmental variables have important implications for sustainability of rangelands in spatially and temporally variable environments. Heritage breeds of animals that are generalist foragers during unfavorable conditions can reduce environmental impacts compared to more recently introduced breeds. C1 [Peinetti, H. Raul; Fredrickson, Ed L.; Peters, Debra P. C.; Laliberte, Andrea S.] USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Cibils, Andres F.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Octavio Roacho-Estrada, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Peinetti, HR (reprint author), Univ Nacl La Pampa, Fac Agron, RA-6300 Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. EM raul_peinetti@hotmail.com RI Mendonca Alves de Souza, Rodrigo Octavio/D-6314-2014 OI Mendonca Alves de Souza, Rodrigo Octavio/0000-0002-6422-4025 FU Jornada Experimental Range; National Science Foundation [06-18210] FX This study was supported by the Jornada Experimental Range administered by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, and the Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Project funded by the National Science Foundation (06-18210) to New Mexico State University. We are thankful to Dean Anderson who provided valuable comments and discussion on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 74 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD MAY PY 2011 VL 2 IS 5 AR UNSP 57 DI 10.1890/ES11-00021.1 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30IV UT WOS:000208810600005 ER PT J AU Helton, AM Poole, GC Meyer, JL Wollheim, WM Peterson, BJ Mulholland, PJ Bernhardt, ES Stanford, JA Arango, C Ashkenas, LR Cooper, LW Dodds, WK Gregory, SV Hall, RO Hamilton, SK Johnson, SL McDowell, WH Potter, JD Tank, JL Thomas, SM Valett, HM Webster, JR Zeglin, L AF Helton, Ashley M. Poole, Geoffrey C. Meyer, Judy L. Wollheim, Wilfred M. Peterson, Bruce J. Mulholland, Patrick J. Bernhardt, Emily S. Stanford, Jack A. Arango, Clay Ashkenas, Linda R. Cooper, Lee W. Dodds, Walter K. Gregory, Stanley V. Hall, Robert O., Jr. Hamilton, Stephen K. Johnson, Sherri L. McDowell, William H. Potter, Jody D. Tank, Jennifer L. Thomas, Suzanne M. Valett, H. Maurice Webster, Jackson R. Zeglin, Lydia TI Thinking outside the channel: modeling nitrogen cycling in networked river ecosystems SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; FLOW PATHS; STREAM; DENITRIFICATION; DYNAMICS; REMOVAL; NITRATE; INTERFACE; TRANSPORT AB Agricultural and urban development alters nitrogen and other biogeochemical cycles in rivers worldwide. Because such biogeochemical processes cannot be measured empirically across whole river networks, simulation models are critical tools for understanding river-network biogeochemistry. However, limitations inherent in current models restrict our ability to simulate biogeochemical dynamics among diverse river networks. We illustrate these limitations using a river-network model to scale up in situ measures of nitrogen cycling in eight catchments spanning various geophysical and land-use conditions. Our model results provide evidence that catchment characteristics typically excluded from models may control river-network biogeochemistry. Based on our findings, we identify important components of a revised strategy for simulating biogeochemical dynamics in river networks, including approaches to modeling terrestrial-aquatic linkages, hydrologic exchanges between the channel, floodplain/riparian complex, and subsurface waters, and interactions between coupled biogeochemical cycles. C1 [Helton, Ashley M.; Poole, Geoffrey C.; Meyer, Judy L.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Poole, Geoffrey C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Wollheim, Wilfred M.] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Peterson, Bruce J.; Thomas, Suzanne M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Mulholland, Patrick J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Bernhardt, Emily S.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC USA. [Stanford, Jack A.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Arango, Clay; Tank, Jennifer L.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Ashkenas, Linda R.; Gregory, Stanley V.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Dodds, Walter K.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hall, Robert O., Jr.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Hamilton, Stephen K.] Michigan State Univ, Kellogg Biol Stn, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA. [Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McDowell, William H.; Potter, Jody D.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Valett, H. Maurice; Webster, Jackson R.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zeglin, Lydia] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Helton, AM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM amhelton@uga.edu RI Mulholland, Patrick/C-3142-2012; Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012; McDowell, William/E-9767-2010; Hamilton, Stephen/N-2979-2014; Bernhardt, Emily/D-9940-2011; OI Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388; McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047; Hamilton, Stephen/0000-0002-4702-9017; Bernhardt, Emily/0000-0003-3031-621X; Poole, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8458-0203 FU NSF [DEB-0111410, DEB-0614301, OCE-9726921, DEB-0614282, DEB-0620919, DEB-0423627]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; EPA FX This research was supported by NSF (DEB-0111410). Additional support was provided by NSF for BJP and SMT (DEB-0614301), for WMW (OCE-9726921 and DEB-0614282), for WHM and JDP (DEB-0620919), for SKH (DEB-0423627), and by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for AMH, GCP, ESB, and JAS, and by an EPA Star Fellowship for AMH. EPA has not officially endorsed this publication and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the EPA. We thank C Bennett for programming assistance and the Rosemond Lab Group at the University of Georgia for helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 54 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 111 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 9 IS 4 BP 229 EP 238 DI 10.1890/080211 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 781JQ UT WOS:000291927800018 ER PT J AU Beecher, B Skinner, DZ AF Beecher, Brian Skinner, Daniel Z. TI Molecular cloning and expression analysis of multiple polyphenol oxidase genes in developing wheat (Triticum aestivum) kernels SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum; Noodle discoloration; Polyphenol oxidase (PPO); Chromosomal location ID COMMON WHEAT; MULTIGENE FAMILY; NOODLE COLOR; BREAD WHEAT; DURUM-WHEAT; PPO GENES; SEQUENCE; MARKERS; COMPONENTS; LOCATION AB Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is a major cause of time-dependent discoloration in raw wheat (Triticum aestivum) flour dough. The PPO-A1 and PPO-D1 genes have previously been implicated in dough discoloration. However, wheat contains multiple PPO genes. The goal of this study was to identify and quantify expression levels for PPO genes relevant to wheat quality. Three novel sequences were identified and found to be orthologous to one another and paralogous to the previously described PPO-A1/PPO-D1 group. The new genes localized to homeologous group 2 chromosomes. We propose naming these new genes PPO-A2, PPO-B2, and PPO-D2. Real-time PCR analysis determined that in the wheat cultivar 'Alpowa', PPO-A1a, PPO-A2b, PPO-D1b and PPO-D2b were all expressed to substantial levels in developing wheat kernels, while PPO-B2b was not. Transcript levels varied over the course of grain development, with peak levels observed at 9-16 days post-anthesis. These results show that wheat kernel PPO activity is the result of at least two orthologous families of two paralogous genes and that some of these genes are expressed to several-fold greater levels than others. The novel PPO-2 genes described here together account for 72% of PPO transcripts in developing kernels of the wheat cultivar Alpowa. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Beecher, Brian; Skinner, Daniel Z.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Beecher, B (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM bbeecher@wsu.edu NR 44 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 53 IS 3 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2011.01.015 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 785JZ UT WOS:000292226600015 ER PT J AU Yocum, GD Rinehart, JP Larson, ML AF Yocum, George D. Rinehart, Joseph P. Larson, Marnie L. TI Monitoring diapause development in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, under field conditions using molecular biomarkers SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adult diapause; Development; Field monitoring ID INSECT DIAPAUSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MEGACHILE-ROTUNDATA; MAINTENANCE PHASES; PROLONGED DORMANCY; ADULT DIAPAUSE; CHRYSOMELIDAE; COLEOPTERA; PHOTOPERIOD; SAY AB A multiplex PCR protocol was developed using five diapause-regulated genes to monitor diapause development of the Colorado potato beetle under field conditions. A total of 870 beetles from the Red River valley of North Dakota and Minnesota, USA, were screened for three consecutive years. Out of the 32 possible expression profiles, eight could be arranged in chronological order of diapause development. These eight profiles account for over 92% of the beetles surveyed. Intra-population variation in diapause phenotypes was observed in the field. Some beetles were already in the diapause initiation phase in June when the day length was greater than 17 h. Inter-seasonal variation in the timing of diapause development was also noted. The greatest differences were before the day length decreased to less than 15 h. Anomalies in the results, e.g., the presence of the diapause maintenance phase profiles in beetles collected on the potato plants, argue that laboratory results are not always equivalent with what is observed under field conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yocum, George D.; Rinehart, Joseph P.; Larson, Marnie L.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Yocum, GD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM george.yocum@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 57 IS 5 SI SI BP 645 EP 652 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.11.008 PG 8 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 781DX UT WOS:000291911900014 PM 21075113 ER PT J AU Saab, VA Russell, RE Rotella, J Dudley, JG AF Saab, Victoria A. Russell, Robin E. Rotella, Jay Dudley, Jonathan G. TI Modeling Nest Survival of Cavity-Nesting Birds in Relation to Postfire Salvage Logging SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cavity-nesting birds; Colaptes auratus; Melanerpes lewis; nest survival; Picoides spp.; Pinus ponderosa; salvage logging; Sialia spp.; wildfire ID STAND-REPLACEMENT FIRE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SITE SELECTION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; BOREAL FOREST; NORTHERN FLICKERS; NATURAL CAVITIES; HABITAT QUALITY; CONIFER FORESTS; RED SQUIRRELS AB Salvage logging practices in recently burned forests often have direct effects on species associated with dead trees, particularly cavity-nesting birds. As such, evaluation of postfire management practices on nest survival rates of cavity nesters is necessary for determining conservation strategies. We monitored 1,797 nests of 6 cavity-nesting bird species: Lewis's woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis), hairy woodpecker (Picoides villosus), black-backed woodpecker (P. arcticus), northern flicker (Colaptes auratus), western bluebird (Sialia mexicana), and mountain bluebird (S. currucoides) from 1994 to 2004 in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), mixed-severity burned forests (partially logged and unlogged) of Idaho, USA. Based on a priori hypotheses, we modeled daily survival rate (DSR) of nests as a function of abiotic (temperature, precipitation), temporal (time since fire, calendar year) and biotic factors (distance to unburned forest, nest height, and tree harvest [partial-salvage logging vs. unlogged]). Multiple abiotic and biotic factors, other than direct effects of salvage logging, affected daily survival rates of breeding cavity-nesting birds. Hairy woodpecker was the only species in which partial-salvage logging had a measurable, negative impact on DSR. Managers implementing carefully planned salvage logging prescriptions that include both unlogged reserves and partially logged areas can expect to maintain habitat for successfully breeding cavity-nesting birds of the interior northwestern United States. Our results also suggest that nest survival for some species of cavity-nesting birds could be improved if unlogged reserves are located centrally in postfire forests, distant from unburned habitats that potentially serve as sources of nest predators. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Saab, Victoria A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Russell, Robin E.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Rotella, Jay] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Dudley, Jonathan G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Saab, VA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM vsaab@fs.fed.us OI Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303 FU United States Department Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Intermountain and Pacific Northwest Region of the Forest Service; Boise National Forest, principally the Mountain Home District; National Fire Plan; Joint Fire Science Program FX Our primary source of funding was United States Department Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Other funding was provided by the Intermountain and Pacific Northwest Region of the Forest Service, the Boise National Forest, principally the Mountain Home District, the National Fire Plan, and the Joint Fire Science Program. L. Donohoo provided logistical support and assistance with study design. J. Evans quantified burn severity on our wildfire locations. We thank all the many field assistants that collected data during the study. We appreciate the thoughtful comments by K. Mellen-Mclean, C. Groves, C. Vojta, J. Hollenbeck, and two anonymous reviewers. NR 79 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 75 IS 4 BP 794 EP 804 DI 10.1002/jwmg.111 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 779YM UT WOS:000291818100006 ER PT J AU Suring, LH Gaines, WL Wales, BC Mellen-McLean, K Begley, JS Mohoric, S AF Suring, Lowell H. Gaines, William L. Wales, Barbara C. Mellen-McLean, Kim Begley, James S. Mohoric, Shawne TI Maintaining Populations of Terrestrial Wildlife Through Land Management Planning: A Case Study SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Accipiter gentiles; Bayesian Belief Network models; focal species; Gulo gulo; habitat modeling; northern goshawk; viability; wolverine ID FOCAL-SPECIES APPROACH; UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN GOSHAWKS; INTERIOR NORTHWEST; FOREST STRUCTURE; PREY ABUNDANCE; HABITAT; CONSERVATION; WASHINGTON; VARIABILITY AB Regulations and directives associated with enabling legislation for management of national forests in the United States require maintenance of viable populations of native and desired non-native wildlife species. Broad-scale assessments that address ecosystem diversity cover assessment of viability for most species. We developed an 8-step process to address those species for which management for ecosystem diversity may be inadequate for providing ecological conditions capable of sustaining viable populations. The process includes identification of species of conservation concern, description of source habitats, and other important ecological factors, grouping species, selection of focal species, development of focal species assessment models, development of conservation strategies, and designing monitoring, and adaptive management plans. Following application of our screening criteria, we identified 209 of 700 species as species of conservation concern on National Forest System lands east of the crest of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon and Washington State, USA. We aggregated the 209 species of conservation concern into 10 families and 28 groups based primarily on habitat associations (these are not phylogenetic families). We selected 36 primary focal species (78% birds, 17% mammals, 5% amphibians) for application in northeast Washington State, USA based on risk factors and ecological characteristics. Our assessment documented reductions in habitat capability across northeast Washington State compared to historical conditions. To address such changes, for each focal species we developed conservation strategies that included habitat protection and restoration and amelioration of threats. We combined conservation strategies for individual species with other focal species and with management proposals for other resources (e. g., recreation, fire, and fuels management) to develop a multi-species, multi-resource management strategy. The information generated from our approach can be directly translated into land management planning through development of desired conditions, objectives, and standards and guidelines to improve the probability that desired population outcomes will be achieved. However, it should be noted by practitioners that a practical conservation planning process, such as ours, cannot remove all uncertainty and risk to species viability. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Suring, Lowell H.] No Ecol LLC, Suring, WI 54174 USA. [Gaines, William L.; Begley, James S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Wales, Barbara C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Mellen-McLean, Kim; Mohoric, Shawne] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Reg Off, Portland, OR 97204 USA. RP Suring, LH (reprint author), No Ecol LLC, 10685 Cty Rd A, Suring, WI 54174 USA. EM lowell@northern-ecologic.com FU USDA Forest Service (Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Pacific Northwest Region, Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Washington Office) FX Funding and support were provided by the USDA Forest Service (Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Pacific Northwest Region, Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Washington Office). Throughout the development of this process consultation and review were provided by R. Holthausen, J. Lehmkuhl, B. Marcot, M. Raphael, and M. Wisdom. K. Aubry, and R. Naney provided critical reviews of the focal species assessment model developed for wolverine; J. Buchanan and P. Singleton reviewed the model for northern goshawk. Discussions with C. McCarthy and L. Nutt were valuable in the development of the article. We also acknowledge 2 anonymous reviewers who provided pertinent comments on the article. NR 87 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 75 IS 4 BP 945 EP 958 DI 10.1002/jwmg.114 PG 14 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 779YM UT WOS:000291818100022 ER PT J AU Ely, MR Kenefick, RW Cheuvront, SN Chinevere, TD Lacher, CP Lukaski, HC Montain, SJ AF Ely, Matthew R. Kenefick, Robert W. Cheuvront, Samuel N. Chinevere, Troy D. Lacher, Craig P. Lukaski, Henry C. Montain, Scott J. TI Serial Comparison Of Transdermal Fluid, Serum, And Sweat Mineral Concentrations During Exercise Heat-stress SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ely, Matthew R.; Kenefick, Robert W.; Cheuvront, Samuel N.; Chinevere, Troy D.; Montain, Scott J.] USARIEM, Natick, MA USA. [Lacher, Craig P.; Lukaski, Henry C.] USDA, Grand Forks, ND USA. EM matthew.ely@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 555 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079500018 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, SM de Melo, CM Neto, JV Kehayias, JJ AF Ribeiro, Sandra M. de Melo, Camila Maria Neto, Joao Valentini Kehayias, Joseph J. TI Body Mass Index Classification In Active Elderly Women: Controversies Regarding Nutritional Status SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ribeiro, Sandra M.; de Melo, Camila Maria; Neto, Joao Valentini] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Kehayias, Joseph J.] Tufts Univ, USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM smlribeiro@usp.br NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 1818 BP 442 EP 442 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079501572 ER PT J AU Stevens, MM Gribok, A Rumpler, W DiPietro, L AF Stevens, Michelle M. Gribok, Andrei Rumpler, William DiPietro, Loretta TI Post-meal Exercise And 24-h Glycemic Control In Older People SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stevens, Michelle M.; DiPietro, Loretta] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Gribok, Andrei; Rumpler, William] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 SU 1 MA 2238 BP 594 EP 594 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V34IG UT WOS:000209079502350 ER PT J AU Reeves, GH Sleeper, JD Lang, DW AF Reeves, Gordon H. Sleeper, Jack D. Lang, Dirk W. TI Seasonal Changes in Habitat Availability and the Distribution and Abundance of Salmonids along a Stream Gradient from Headwaters to Mouth in Coastal Oregon SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; CUTTHROAT TROUT; ANADROMOUS SALMONIDS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; STEELHEAD TROUT; CHINOOK SALMON; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; CARNATION CREEK; FISH ABUNDANCE AB Visual estimation techniques were used to quantify seasonal habitat characteristics, habitat use, and longitudinal distribution of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss, coastal cutthroat trout O. clarkii clarkii and coho salmon O. kisutch in a coastal Oregon basin. At the channel unit scale, fish distribution was not proportional to habitat type availability. Pool habitats contained a disproportionate percentage of the salmonid assemblage, and the percentage of fish in pools increased as flow decreased. Large woody debris formed 57-68% of pool habitats and was significantly correlated with pool volume, maximum pool depth, slow surface velocity in pools, and pieces of small woody debris. At the reach and basin scales, longitudinal distribution of the total salmonid assemblage generally did not differ from habitat distribution seasonally or between years. Abundance in the reaches varied annually, and the fish species were longitudinally segregated within the basin: coastal cutthroat trout occurred in the uppermost reaches, steelhead occupied the lowest reaches, and coho salmon inhabited the middle reaches. This study demonstrates that the basinwide distribution of salmonids varies among species, age-classes, seasons, and years. These results suggest that our understanding of salmonid distribution and abundance could be greatly enhanced by adopting a basinwide, community, seasonal perspective. In addition, the methods described here offer one way to assess the seasonal distribution and abundance of salmonids in a relatively quick, inexpensive, nondestructive manner. C1 [Reeves, Gordon H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lang, Dirk W.] US Forest Serv, Cordova, AK 99574 USA. RP Reeves, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM greeves@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis, Oregon FX We thank J. Sedell and F. Everest, who provided valuable support for this project from the beginning. S. Gregory, W. Liss, R. Beschta, H. Li, D. Bateman, and an anonymous reviewer provided comments on early drafts of the manuscript and helped to improve it. K. Ronnenberg copyedited the manuscript and produced the graphics. Special thanks to B. Lovatt, C. Dewberry, T. Mendenhall, D. Price, M. Raugh, and D. Tickner for field work. Financial support was provided by the Aquatic and Land Interactions Program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis, Oregon. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 140 IS 3 BP 537 EP 548 DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.572003 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 779WV UT WOS:000291813800002 ER PT J AU Chen, YJ Childs, MR Keeler-Foster, C AF Chen, Yongjiu Childs, Michael R. Keeler-Foster, Connie TI Evaluation of Woundfin Augmentation Efforts in the Virgin River by Estimation of Admixture Proportions SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PLAGOPTERUS-ARGENTISSIMUS; ASSIGNMENT METHODS; INFERENCE; MARKERS; WILD; INTROGRESSION; CONSERVATION; SIMULATION AB The woundfin Plagopterus argentissimus is imperiled as a result of habitat destruction, water diversion, and the introduction of nonnative species. Augmentation of wild woundfin populations in the Utah portion of the Virgin River with fish from Dexter National Fish Hatchery and Technology Center (Dexter Hatchery) began in 2003. We used 10 microsatellite DNA loci to determine whether captive woundfins are contributing to recruitment in the Virgin River. Admixture analyses based on moment estimators, maximum likelihood, frequency, and Bayesian approaches indicated that the genetic contribution of Dexter Hatchery's woundfin augmentation stocking to 2005 recruitment in the Virgin River was 35-46% in the Washington Fields Diversion reach and 43-59% in the area of the Quail Creek Reservoir inflow. Salvaged wild parental stock was mixed with the captive broodstock at Dexter Hatchery in 2004 and had a genetic contribution of 26-49% to the offspring reared at Dexter Hatchery in 2005. Care must be taken to ensure the genetic integrity of stocked fish as the potential impact on the augmented population can be substantial. These results demonstrate that genetic markers used to infer gene flow (via admixture analysis) from the captive population to the wild population can be applied to determine the effectiveness of hatchery propagation programs and to monitor genetic similarity between wild and stocked fish. C1 [Chen, Yongjiu] Texas A&M Univ, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Childs, Michael R.] US Forest Serv, Sedona, AZ 86351 USA. [Keeler-Foster, Connie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dexter Natl Fish Hatchery & Technol Ctr, Dexter, NM 88230 USA. RP Chen, YJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. EM yongjiu.chen@gmail.com FU Virgin River Resource Management and Recovery Program; Dexter Hatchery FX We are grateful to the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources and the Virgin River Resource Management and Recovery Program (St. George, Utah) for providing woundfin samples from the Virgin River. We thank Dave Hampton, Krista Heideman, William Knight, and Karin Eldridge for their assistance in woundfin sampling at Dexter Hatchery (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service). Anthony Echelle, Alice Echelle, Manuel Ulibarri, Steve Meismer, Roger Hamman, and two anonymous reviewers provided critical and insightful comments on the manuscript. We thank Anthony Reisinger for his generous help with the digital map. This research was funded and supported by the Virgin River Resource Management and Recovery Program and Dexter Hatchery. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 140 IS 3 BP 598 EP 604 DI 10.1080/00028487.2011.583539 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 779WV UT WOS:000291813800008 ER PT J AU Dayan, FE Dayan, EA AF Dayan, Franck E. Dayan, Emilie A. TI Porphyrins: One Ring in the Colors of Life A class of pigment molecules binds King George III, vampires and herbicides SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST LA English DT Article ID PROTOPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE; HEME-BIOSYNTHESIS; DELETION; ENZYMES C1 [Dayan, Franck E.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Dayan, FE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM franck.dayan@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA SN 0003-0996 J9 AM SCI JI Am. Scientist PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 99 IS 3 BP 236 EP 243 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 749TZ UT WOS:000289494700022 ER PT J AU Liu, ZL AF Liu, Z. Lewis TI Molecular mechanisms of yeast tolerance and in situ detoxification of lignocellulose hydrolysates SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Aldehyde inhibitors; Gene regulatory networks; Genomic adaptation; Lignocellulose-to-ethanol conversion; Reprogrammed pathways; Stress tolerance ID BIOMASS CONVERSION INHIBITORS; ZINC CLUSTER PROTEINS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ETHANOLOGENIC YEAST; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROTEASOME EXPRESSION; REGULATORY NETWORKS AB Pretreatment of lignocellulose biomass for biofuel production generates inhibitory compounds that interfere with microbial growth and subsequent fermentation. Remediation of the inhibitors by current physical, chemical, and biological abatement means is economically impractical, and overcoming the inhibitory effects of lignocellulose hydrolysate poses a significant technical challenge for lower-cost cellulosic ethanol production. Development of tolerant ethanologenic yeast strains has demonstrated the potential of in situ detoxification for numerous aldehyde inhibitors derived from lignocellulose biomass pretreatment and conversion. In the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding mechanisms of yeast tolerance for tolerant strain development. Enriched genetic backgrounds, enhanced expression, interplays, and global integration of many key genes enable yeast tolerance. Reprogrammed pathways support yeast functions to withstand the inhibitor stress, detoxify the toxic compounds, maintain energy and redox balance, and complete active metabolism for ethanol fermentation. Complex gene interactions and regulatory networks as well as co-regulation are well recognized as involved in yeast adaptation and tolerance. This review presents our current knowledge on mechanisms of the inhibitor detoxification based on molecular studies and genomic-based approaches. Our improved understanding of yeast tolerance and in situ detoxification provide insight into phenotype-genotype relationships, dissection of tolerance mechanisms, and strategies for more tolerant strain development for biofuels applications. C1 ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, ZL (reprint author), ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM ZLewis.Liu@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2006-35504-17359] FX This work was supported in part by the National Research Initiative of the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant number 2006-35504-17359. The author is grateful to Michael A. Cotta for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 88 TC 84 Z9 90 U1 3 U2 93 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 90 IS 3 BP 809 EP 825 DI 10.1007/s00253-011-3167-9 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 750BU UT WOS:000289520000002 PM 21380517 ER PT J AU Eckholm, BJ Anderson, KE Weiss, M DeGrandi-Hoffman, G AF Eckholm, Bruce J. Anderson, Kirk E. Weiss, Milagra DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria TI Intracolonial genetic diversity in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies increases pollen foraging efficiency SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Intracolonial genetic diversity; Polyandry; Genetic influence on pollen foraging ID DIVISION-OF-LABOR; WAGGLE-DANCING FORAGERS; SOCIAL HYMENOPTERA; EUSOCIAL HYMENOPTERA; EXTREME POLYANDRY; MATING FREQUENCY; GENUS APIS; BEES; EVOLUTION; QUEENS AB Multiple mating by honeybee queens results in colonies of genotypically diverse workers. Recent studies have demonstrated that increased genetic diversity within a honeybee colony increases the variation in the frequency of tasks performed by workers. We show that genotypically diverse colonies, each composed of 20 subfamilies, collect more pollen than do genotypically similar colonies, each composed of a single subfamily. However, genotypically similar colonies collect greater varieties of pollen than do genotypically diverse colonies. Further, the composition of collected pollen types is less similar among genotypically similar colonies than among genotypically diverse colonies. The response threshold model predicts that genotypic subsets of workers vary in their response to task stimuli. Consistent with this model, our findings suggest that genotypically diverse colonies likely send out fewer numbers of foragers that independently search for pollen sources (scouts) in response to protein demand by the colony, resulting in a lower variety of collected pollen types. The cooperative foraging strategy of honeybees involves a limited number of scouts monitoring the environment that then guide the majority of foragers to high quality food sources. The genetic composition of the colony appears to play an important role in the efficiency of this behavior. C1 [Eckholm, Bruce J.; Weiss, Milagra] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Anderson, Kirk E.; DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Eckholm, BJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM beckholm@ag.arizona.edu OI Eckholm, Bruce/0000-0002-1661-925X NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 BP 1037 EP 1044 DI 10.1007/s00265-010-1108-8 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 750RZ UT WOS:000289567000016 ER PT J AU Somjee, U Ablard, K Crespi, B Schaefer, PW Gries, G AF Somjee, Ummat Ablard, Kelly Crespi, Bernard Schaefer, Paul W. Gries, Gerhard TI Local mate competition in the solitary parasitoid wasp Ooencyrtus kuvanae SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Local mate competition; Ooencyrtus kuvanae; Solitary egg parasitoid; Sex ratio; Local resource ID SEX-RATIO ADJUSTMENT; NASONIA-VITRIPENNIS; CLUTCH SIZE; FIG WASPS; HYMENOPTERA; SUPERPARASITISM; ALLOCATION; RESPONSES; SELECTION; FEMALES AB Local mate competition (LMC) occurs when brothers compete with each other for mating opportunities, resulting in selection for a female-biased sex ratio within local groups. If multiple females oviposit in the same patch, their sons compete for mating opportunities with non-brothers. Females, in the presence of other females, should thus produce relatively more sons. Sex ratio theory also predicts a more female-biased sex ratio when ovipositing females are genetically related, and sex-ratio responses to foundress size if it differentially affects fitness gains from sons versus daughters. The mating system of the parasitoid wasp Ooencyrtus kuvanae meets assumptions of LMC. Females insert a single egg into each accessible egg of gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, host egg masses. Wasps complete development inside host eggs and emerge en masse, as sexually mature adults, resulting in intense competition among brothers. We tested the hypothesis that O. kuvanae exhibits LMC by manipulating the number of wasp foundresses on egg masses with identical numbers of eggs. As predicted by LMC theory, with increasing numbers of wasp foundresses on an egg mass, the proportions of emerging sons increased. In contrast, the presence of a sibling compared to a non-sibling female during oviposition, or the size of a female, did not affect the number or sex ratio of offspring produced. The O. kuvanae system differs from others in that larvae do not compete for local resources and thus do not distort the sex ratio in favor of sons. With no resource competition among O. kuvanae larvae, the sex ratio of emergent son and daughter wasps is due entirely to the sex allocation by ovipositing wasp foundresses on host egg masses. C1 [Somjee, Ummat; Ablard, Kelly; Crespi, Bernard; Gries, Gerhard] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Schaefer, Paul W.] ARS, USDA, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Lab, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Gries, G (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. EM gries@sfu.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSERC-Industrial Research Chair; Contech Enterprises; SC Johnson Canada; Global Forest Science [GF-18-2007-226, GF-18-2007-227] FX We thank Bob Birtch for graphical illustrations, Carl Schwarz for guidance on statistical analyses, Jeffrey Wildonger for assistance in field collecting insects, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments. Funding was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)-Discovery Grant and by an NSERC-Industrial Research Chair to G. G., with Contech Enterprises, SC Johnson Canada, and Global Forest Science (GF-18-2007-226; GF-18-2007-227) as sponsors. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 BP 1071 EP 1077 DI 10.1007/s00265-010-1114-x PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 750RZ UT WOS:000289567000020 ER PT J AU Espeland, EK Emam, TM AF Espeland, Erin K. Emam, Taraneh M. TI The value of structuring rarity: the seven types and links to reproductive ecology SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Rarity; Endemism; Generalist; Seed dispersal; Pollination; Competition; Range size ID GEOGRAPHIC RANGE SIZE; GARDENIA-ACTINOCARPA RUBIACEAE; SHRUB DAVIESIA-SUAVEOLENS; CONGENER D-MIMOSOIDES; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; IBERIAN PENINSULA; POLLINATION BIOLOGY; RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE; DISPERSAL ABILITY; GENETIC-STRUCTURE AB Since 1981, 365 papers have cited a rarity matrix organized along three axes: geographic range (GR) (large vs. small), habitat specificity (HS) (specialist vs. generalist), and local abundance (LA) (dense vs. sparse). In the wider ecology literature, research on the association between plant species distributions and life history traits has mainly focused on a single axis such as GR. However, the internal structure of species ranges is widely recognized as important. In order to determine if identifying different types of rarity leads to alternative conclusions regarding the causes and consequences of rarity, we created a dataset linking the seven types of rarity matrix and to reproductive ecology traits. We found associations between the axes and these traits in a dataset of 101 rare plant species culled from 27 papers. Significant traits included mating system and seed dispersal mechanism. Species with small GR are more likely to have ballistic or wind dispersal than biotically-mediated dispersal (abiotic:biotic ratio 3:1). Habitat specialist species with small GRs are more likely to have outcrossing mating systems compared to habitat specialists of large GR (16:1). These results show that, within rare species, the structure of rarity is important (e.g. habitat specialization is different from small GR) and should be identified when determining basic mechanisms of plant distribution and abundance. C1 [Espeland, Erin K.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Lab, Pest Management Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Emam, Taraneh M.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Espeland, EK (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Lab, Pest Management Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM erin.espeland@ars.usda.gov; tmemam@ucdavis.edu OI Espeland, Erin/0000-0001-8541-3610 NR 91 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 48 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 5 BP 963 EP 985 DI 10.1007/s10531-011-0007-2 PG 23 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 750SD UT WOS:000289567400004 ER PT J AU Waldrip, HM He, ZQ Erich, MS AF Waldrip, Heidi M. He, Zhongqi Erich, M. Susan TI Effects of poultry manure amendment on phosphorus uptake by ryegrass, soil phosphorus fractions and phosphatase activity SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE Ryegrass; Rhizosphere; P availability; Phosphorus; Sequential fractionation; Phosphatase activity ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; HEDLEY FRACTIONATION; CROPPING SYSTEM; P AVAILABILITY; PLANT-ROOTS; RHIZOSPHERE; LITTER; DYNAMICS AB Poultry manure (PM) contains a large proportion of phosphorus (P) in mineral-associated forms that may not be readily available for plant uptake. In addition, PM application influences both chemical and biotic processes, and can affect the lability of native soil P. To investigate the effects of PM on soil P availability, we grew ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in greenhouse pots amended with poultry manure. Biomass was harvested at 4, 8, and 16 weeks following PM application, with soil separated into rhizosphere and bulk fractions. Soil was sequentially extracted by H(2)O, 0.5 M NaHCO(3), 0.1 M NaOH, and 1 M HCl, and inorganic P (P(i)) and enzymatically hydrolyzable organic P (P(oe)) were quantitated. Root P concentrations were 37% higher and total P uptake 59% higher with PM application than Control. At week 16, there was 30% more labile-P(i) (H(2)O- plus NaHCO(3)-P(i)) in the rhizosphere with PM than in Control. Phosphodiesterase activity increased with PM application. Furthermore, acid phosphomonoesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, and phosphodiesterase activities were all higher in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil at week 16 with PM, indicating that increased labile-P(i) was due primarily to stimulation of soil phosphatases to mineralize NaOH-P(oe). Soil pH increased with PM application and plant growth, and may have promoted P availability by decreasing sorption of Al- and Fe-associated inorganic and organic phosphates. These results demonstrate that whereas PM application may initially increase NaOH and HCl-P(i), these fractions can be readily changed into labile-P and do not necessarily accumulate as stable or recalcitrant P in soil. C1 [He, Zhongqi] ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, USDA, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Waldrip, Heidi M.; Erich, M. Susan] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, USDA, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 67 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD MAY PY 2011 VL 47 IS 4 BP 407 EP 418 DI 10.1007/s00374-011-0546-4 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 750PF UT WOS:000289559800005 ER PT J AU Rosebrough, RW Russell, BA Richards, MP AF Rosebrough, R. W. Russell, B. A. Richards, M. P. TI Further studies on short-term adaptations in the expression of lipogenic genes in broilers SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chickens; Lipogenesis; Gene expression ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; LIPID-METABOLISM; MESSENGER-RNA; ENERGY RELATIONS; MALIC ENZYME; NUTRITIONAL REGULATION; INVITRO LIPOGENESIS; FEEDING REGIMENS; PROTEIN-LEVELS; LIVER AB This experiment was conducted to determine possible relationships between certain indices of lipid metabolism and specific gene expression in chickens fed graded levels of dietary crude protein. Male, broiler chickens (Gallus gallus) growing from 7 to 28 days of age were fed diets containing 12 or 30% protein ad libitum. Both groups were then switched to the diets containing the opposite level of protein. Birds were sampled at 0, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 h following the switch in protein levels. Measurements taken included in vitro lipogenesis (IVL), malic enzyme (ME), aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP) (ICD) activities. In addition, ME, AAT, ICD, fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl coenzyme carboxylase (ACC) gene expression rates were determined. IVL and ME activities were inversely related to dietary protein levels (12 to 30%) and to acute changes from 12 to 30%. In contrast, expression of ME, FAS and ACC genes was decreased by feeding a 30% protein diet (acute or chronic feeding). Results of the present study demonstrate a continued role for protein in the regulation of broiler metabolism. It should be pointed out: however, that metabolic regulation at the gene level only occurs when feeding very high or very low levels of dietary protein. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Rosebrough, R. W.; Russell, B. A.; Richards, M. P.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rosebrough, RW (reprint author), Bldg 200,Rm 212,BARC EAST,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bob.rosebrough@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 159 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.10.032 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 747QE UT WOS:000289333700001 PM 21059399 ER PT J AU Nyankanga, RO Olanya, OM Ojiambo, PS Wien, HC Honeycutt, CW Kirk, WW AF Nyankanga, R. O. Olanya, O. M. Ojiambo, P. S. Wien, H. C. Honeycutt, C. W. Kirk, W. W. TI Validation of tuber blight (Phytophthora infestans) prediction model SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Prediction model; Potato late blight; Solanum tuberosum; Tuber infection ID POTATO LATE BLIGHT; FIELD INFECTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RESISTANCE; SOIL; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CULTIVARS; DYNAMICS; SURFACE; FOLIAGE AB Potato tuber blight caused by Phytophthora infestans accounts for significant losses of tubers in storage. Despite research on infection and management of tuber blight, there is paucity of information on the prediction of the occurrence tuber blight or modelling of tuber infection by P infestans under field conditions. A tuber blight prediction model was developed in New York in experiments conducted using cultivars Allegany, NY101, and Katahdin in 1998 and 1999. This model was validated using data collected from the potato cultivar Snowden in field experiments in Laingsburg, Michigan from 2000 to 2009. In both New York and Michigan experiments, disease was initiated by artificial inoculation of cultivars with a US-8 isolate of P. infestans. Mean leaf area affected ranged from 0 to 94% at New York, and 0 to 93% at Michigan. At New York and Michigan, mean tuber blight incidences ranged from 1 to 40% and 0 to 15%, respectively. In the validation of the model using data collected at Laingsburg, Michigan, the model correctly predicted tuber blight incidence in 7 out of 9 years. Comparison of observed with predicted values indicated that slopes of the regression line between observed and predicted germination and infection data were not significantly different (P > 0.3547). Correlation coefficient between observed and predicted values was high (r(2) > 0.65) and the coefficient of variation of the residuals of error was about 12%. Although inoculum availability is assumed in the model, incorporation of relationships of inoculum density, propagule survival in soil, and tuber blight incidence would greatly improve the prediction of tuber blight under field conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Olanya, O. M.; Honeycutt, C. W.] ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Nyankanga, R. O.; Wien, H. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ojiambo, P. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kirk, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Olanya, OM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM modesto.olanya@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 5 BP 547 EP 553 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.11.019 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 747PS UT WOS:000289332500005 ER PT J AU Prom, LK Isakeit, T Perumal, R Erpelding, JE Rooney, W Magill, CW AF Prom, Louis K. Isakeit, Thomas Perumal, Ramasamy Erpelding, John E. Rooney, William Magill, Clint W. TI Evaluation of the Ugandan sorghum accessions for grain mold and anthracnose resistance SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Sorghum bicolor; Colletotrichum sublineolum; Fusarium species; Exotic sorghum ID COLLETOTRICHUM-GRAMINICOLA; SUBLINEOLUM; TRAITS AB Sorghum accessions from Uganda were evaluated for grain mold and anthracnose resistance during the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons at the Texas A&M University Research Farm, near College Station, TX. Accession PI534117 and SC719-11E exhibited the lowest grain mold severities of 2.4, whereas, accessions PI534117, PI534144, PI576337, PI297199, PI533833, and PI297210, with SC748-5 were highly resistant to anthracnose in both years. Accessions PI534117. PI297134, PI297156 exhibited low grain mold severities in 2006. Significant negative correlation was recorded between grain mold and percent germination and high temperature in both years. In 2006, daily precipitation recorded significant positive correlation with grain mold. The seed mycoflora was analyzed across sorghum lines and treatments. In 2005, Curvularia lunata and Fusarium thapsinum were the most frequently recovered fungal species with 31 and 21% incidence, respectively, followed by Alternaria spp. (19%) and E semitectum (13%). In 2006, predominant colonizers were F. thapsinum (58%), followed by Alternaria and F. semitectum with 15 and 10, percent respectively, while C. lunata had a 6% incidence. In this study. PI534117 holds promise for multiple disease resistance, as it had the lowest disease severity of grain mold and was highly resistant to anthracnose in both years. It also has a high germination rate, a high seed weight, and its short stature is more advantageous for the new A-line conversion program. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Prom, Louis K.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Isakeit, Thomas; Magill, Clint W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Perumal, Ramasamy] Kansas State Univ, Western Kansas Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Erpelding, John E.] ARS, USDA, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rooney, William] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Prom, LK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2765 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM louis.prom@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 5 BP 566 EP 571 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.12.025 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 747PS UT WOS:000289332500008 ER PT J AU Niu, DH Peatman, E Liu, H Lu, JG Kucuktas, H Liu, SK Sun, FY Zhang, H Feng, TT Zhou, ZC Terhune, J Waldbieser, G Li, JL Li, ZJ AF Niu, Donghong Peatman, Eric Liu, Hong Lu, Jianguo Kucuktas, Huseyin Liu, Shikai Sun, Fanyue Zhang, Hao Feng, Tingting Zhou, Zunchun Terhune, Jeffery Waldbieser, Geoff Li, Jiale Li, Zhanjiang TI Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) genes in catfish play a novel role in innate immune responses SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ictalurus punctatus; Microfibrillar-associated protein 4; MFAP4; Ficolin; Edwardsiella ictaluri; Flavobacterium columnare; Catfish; Lectin ID HUMAN MONOCYTES; M-FICOLIN; EXPRESSION; BINDING; COMPLEMENT; SURFACTANT; GLYCOPROTEIN; PATHWAY; FISH; LUNG AB The lectin pathway of the complement system is characterized by two groups of soluble pattern recognition molecules, mannose-binding lectins (MBLs) and ficolins. These molecules recognize and bind carbohydrates in pathogens and activate complement leading to opsonization, leukocyte activation, and direct pathogen killing. While MBLs have been reported in many fish species, ficolins do not appear to be present in the teleost lineage, despite their importance in invertebrate and higher vertebrate innate immunity. A protein with a similar fibrinogen-like domain, microfibrillar-associated protein 4. MFAP4, is present in fish, albeit with no described immune function. We examined whether MFAP4 genes in fish may potentially act as pathogen receptors in the absence of ficolin. We isolated and characterized five MFAP4 genes from channel catfish. Linkage mapping and phylogenetic analysis indicated that at least three of the catfish MFAP4 genes are tightly clustered on a single chromosome, suggesting that they may have arisen through tandem duplication. Divergent, duplicated families of MFAP4 genes are also present in other teleost species. Expression analysis of the catfish MFAP4 transcripts revealed unique patterns of homeostatic expression among the genes in gill, spleen, skin, liver, and muscle. Expression of the five MFAP4 transcripts showed significant changes in expression as soon as 4 h after infection with either Edwardsiella ictaluri or Flavobacterium columnare with modulation of expression continuing up to 7 d following pathogen exposure. Several different tissues and gene-specific patterns were captured and transcript expression changes of > 30-fold were observed over the course of the bacterial challenges. Our results suggest a novel role for MFAP4 in teleost immune responses. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Niu, Donghong; Peatman, Eric; Liu, Hong; Lu, Jianguo; Kucuktas, Huseyin; Liu, Shikai; Sun, Fanyue; Zhang, Hao; Feng, Tingting; Zhou, Zunchun; Terhune, Jeffery; Li, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Waldbieser, Geoff] ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Niu, Donghong; Li, Jiale] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Key Lab Explorat & Utilizat Aquat Genet Resources, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China. [Niu, Donghong; Li, Jiale] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Coll Fisheries & Life Sci, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China. RP Li, ZJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM zliu@acesag.auburn.edu RI Liu, Shikai /D-4664-2013 OI Liu, Shikai /0000-0001-5777-489X FU USDA AFRI [2009-35205-05101]; USDA, ARS CRIS [6402-31000-08-00D] FX This project was supported in part by a grant from the USDA AFRI Animal Genome Tools and Resources Program (USDA/NRICGP award# 2009-35205-05101) and in part by USDA, ARS CRIS 6402-31000-08-00D. We would like to thank Dr. Cova Arias for her assistance in the Flavobacterium columnare challenge. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X EI 1879-0089 J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 568 EP 579 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2011.01.002 PG 12 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 747QC UT WOS:000289333500008 PM 21232551 ER PT J AU Wang, HH Grant, WE Swannack, TM Gan, JB Rogers, WE Koralewski, TE Miller, JH Taylor, JW AF Wang, Hsiao-Hsuan Grant, William E. Swannack, Todd M. Gan, Jianbang Rogers, William E. Koralewski, Tomasz E. Miller, James H. Taylor, John W., Jr. TI Predicted range expansion of Chinese tallow tree (Triadica sebifera) in forestlands of the southern United States SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Agent-based simulation model; biological invasions; dispersal model; habitat quality; invasive species; spatial-temporal dynamics ID TEXAS COASTAL PRAIRIE; SAPIUM-SEBIFERUM; SEED DISPERSAL; PLANT-POPULATIONS; SPATIAL SPREAD; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; L ROXB; LANDSCAPE; PATTERNS; MODELS AB Aim We present an integrated approach for predicting future range expansion of an invasive species (Chinese tallow tree) that incorporates statistical forecasting and analytical techniques within a spatially explicit, agent-based, simulation framework. Location East Texas and Louisiana, USA. Methods We drew upon extensive field data from the US Forest Service and the US Geological Survey to calculate spread rate from 2003 to 2008 and to parameterize logistic regression models estimating habitat quality for Chinese tallow within individual habitat cells. We applied the regression analyses to represent population spread rate as a function of habitat quality, integrated this function into a logistic model representing local spread, and coupled this model with a dispersal model based on a lognormal kernel within the simulation framework. We simulated invasions beginning in 2003 based on several different dispersal velocities and compared the resulting spatial patterns to those observed in 2008 using cross Mantel's tests. We then used the best dispersal velocity to predict range expansion to the year 2023. Results Chinese tallow invasion is more likely in low and flat areas adjacent to water bodies and roads, and less likely in mature forest stands and in pine plantations where artificial regeneration by planting seedlings is used. Forecasted invasions resulted in a distribution that extended from the Gulf Coast of Texas and Louisiana northward and westward as much as 300 km, representing approximately 1.58 million ha. Main conclusions Our new approach of calculating time series projections of annual range expansion should assist land managers and restoration practitioners plan proactive management strategies and treatments. Also, as field sampling continues on the national array of FIA plots, these new data can be incorporated easily into the present model, as well as being used to develop and/or improve models of other invasive plant species. C1 [Wang, Hsiao-Hsuan; Grant, William E.; Swannack, Todd M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Gan, Jianbang; Rogers, William E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Koralewski, Tomasz E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Miller, James H.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Taylor, John W., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. RP Wang, HH (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM hsuan006@tamu.edu FU USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection of the Southern Region; Texas AgriLife Research FX We thank the USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection of the Southern Region and Texas AgriLife Research for funding this study. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for their time and effort, and the manuscript is greatly improved as a result of their comments. NR 89 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 552 EP 565 DI 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00760.x PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 746PN UT WOS:000289259300015 ER PT J AU Wang, XG Johnson, MW Opp, SB Krugner, R Daane, KM AF Wang, Xin-Geng Johnson, Marshall W. Opp, Susan B. Krugner, Rodrigo Daane, Kent M. TI Honeydew and insecticide bait as competing food resources for a fruit fly and common natural enemies in the olive agroecosystem SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera oleae; Diptera; Tephritidae; Saissetia oleae; Hemiptera; Coccidae; Psyttalia humilis; Scutellista caerulea; Pteromalidae; Braconidae; Hymenoptera; spinosad; alternative food ID PARASITOID COTESIA-RUBECULA; MELON FLIES DIPTERA; APHID PARASITOIDS; BLACK SCALE; DIACHASMIMORPHA-LONGICAUDATA; HYMENOPTERA-BRACONIDAE; SUGAR COMPOSITION; SAISSETIA-OLEAE; SPINOSAD BAIT; GF-120 BAIT AB Honeydew from phloem-feeding insects and fruit fly insecticidal baits may serve as adult food resources for some insect species. In California (USA) olive orchards, the black scale [Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae)] is a common honeydew producer, and spinosad-based fruit fly bait (GF-120) is used to control the olive fruit fly [Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae)]. We investigated the effects of black scale honeydew and GF-120, as food resources, on adult foraging behaviour and survival of the olive fruit fly and two parasitoids in the olive agroecosystem: Scutellista caerulea (Fonscolombe) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a natural enemy of black scale, and Psyttalia humilis (Silvestri) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of the fruit fly. In food choice tests, female flies did not show a preference between GF-120 bait and honeydew, whereas male flies and the parasitoids we tested preferred honeydew. Adults of the three insect species readily fed on honeydew, but the natural enemies never (P. humilis) or rarely (S. caerulea) fed on GF-120 bait. Olfactometer tests further confirmed that the tested natural enemies were not attracted to GF-120 bait. The presence of honeydew significantly reduced fruit fly mortality when both honeydew and GF-120 were provided, compared with GF-120 given alone. A single meal of honeydew increased longevity in all insect species tested. The mean longevities of honeydew-fed insects were not significantly different from those feeding on clover honey. Our results suggest that the presence of honeydew would benefit the three insect species and may reduce the efficacy of GF-120 for fruit fly control because of preference of honeydew rather than fruit fly bait as a food resource. C1 [Wang, Xin-Geng; Daane, Kent M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Johnson, Marshall W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Opp, Susan B.] Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Biol Sci, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [Krugner, Rodrigo] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Daane, KM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 137 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM daane@uckac.edu FU USDA; California Olive Committee; California Department of Food and Agriculture - Biological Control FX We thank Melanie Durbin, Martha Gerik, and Junaid Rehman for assistance. We thank Robert Van Steenwyk (University of California, Berkeley) and Dow AgroSciences for supplying GF-120 materials. Funds were provided by USDA CSREES Special Grants Program - Pest Management Alternatives, California Olive Committee, and California Department of Food and Agriculture - Biological Control Program and are gratefully acknowledged. NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 139 IS 2 BP 128 EP 137 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01114.x PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 748AX UT WOS:000289363500005 ER PT J AU Olson, DM Ruberson, JR Zeilinger, AR Andow, DA AF Olson, D. M. Ruberson, J. R. Zeilinger, A. R. Andow, D. A. TI Colonization preference of Euschistus servus and Nezara viridula in transgenic cotton varieties, peanut, and soybean SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE southern green stink bug; brown stink bug; odds ratios; crop phenology; Pentatomidae; Hemiptera; preference ID STINK BUGS HETEROPTERA; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; BT COTTON; SPECIES COMPOSITION; IMMATURE STAGES; PENTATOMIDAE; HEMIPTERA; QUALITY; PERFORMANCE; FARMSCAPES AB Producers of Bt cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae), in the southeastern USA face significant losses from highly polyphagous stink bug species. These problems may be exacerbated by crop rotation practices that often result in cotton, peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., and soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (both Fabaceae), growing in close proximity to one another. Because all of these crops are hosts for the major pest stink bug species in the region, we experimentally examined colonization preference of these species among the crops to clarify this aspect of their population dynamics. We planted peanut, soybean, Bt cotton, and glyphosate-tolerant (RR) non-Bt cotton at three sites over 3 years in replicated plots ranging from 192 to 1 323 m2 and calculated odds ratios for colonization of each crop for Nezara viridula (L.) and Euschistus servus (Say) (both Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). In four of five experiments, both E. servus and N. viridula preferred soybean significantly more often than Bt cotton, non-Bt cotton, and peanut. Neither N. viridula nor E. servus showed any preference between non-Bt and Bt cotton in any experiment. Both species had higher numbers in Bt and non-Bt cotton relative to peanut; this was not significant for any single experiment, but analyses across all experiments indicated that N. viridula preferred Bt and non-Bt cotton significantly more often than peanut. Our results suggest that soybean in the landscape may function as a sink for stink bug populations relative to nearby peanut and cotton when the soybean is in the reproductive stage of development. Stink bug preference for soybean may reduce pest pressure in near-by crops, but population increases in soybean could lead to this crop functioning as a source for later-season pest pressure in cotton. C1 [Olson, D. M.] ARS, USDA, CPRMU, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Ruberson, J. R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA USA. [Zeilinger, A. R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, Conservat Biol Program, St Paul, MN USA. RP Olson, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CPRMU, 2747 Davis Rd, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM dawn.olson@ars.usda.gov OI Ruberson, John/0000-0002-4475-8177 NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 139 IS 2 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01116.x PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 748AX UT WOS:000289363500009 ER PT J AU Ayliffe, M Jin, Y Kang, ZS Persson, M Steffenson, B Wang, SP Leung, H AF Ayliffe, Mick Jin, Yue Kang, Zhensheng Persson, Mattias Steffenson, Brian Wang, Shiping Leung, Hei TI Determining the basis of nonhost resistance in rice to cereal rusts SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Host-pathogen interaction; Nonadapted pathogen; Disease; Wheat; Puccinia ID DISEASE RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS; TRANSPORTER; IMMUNITY; DEFENSE; SYSTEM; FUNGI AB Cereal rusts are a constant disease threat that limits the production of almost all agricultural cereals. Rice is atypical in that it is an intensively grown agricultural cereal that is immune to rust pathogens. This immunity is manifested by nonhost resistance (NHR), the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. As part of the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative (BGRI), studies are being undertaken to dissect the molecular mechanisms that provide rust immunity in rice and determine if they can be transferred to wheat via transgenesis. Microscopic analyses showed that cereal rusts are capable of entering the rice leaf via formation of an appressorium over a stomate and subsequent infection of underlying mesophyll cells. However, there is considerable variation in the extent of colonization at each infection site. Our research effort has focused on screening for increased growth of cereal rust using natural and induced variants of rice. Two collections of rice mutants, T-DNA insertional mutants and chemical/irradiation-induced mutants, and diverse germplasm accessions are being screened for compromised NHR to cereal rusts. Preliminary screening with stripe rust identified several potential mutants that allow increased fungal growth. The confirmation of these lines will serve as the foundation for the isolation of gene(s) responsible for this compromised resistance. Details of the strategies being undertaken and progress to date are provided. C1 [Ayliffe, Mick] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Jin, Yue] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Rust Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Persson, Mattias; Steffenson, Brian] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wang, Shiping] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [Leung, Hei] DAPO, Int Rice Res Inst, Manila, Philippines. RP Ayliffe, M (reprint author), CSIRO Plant Ind, Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM michael.ayliffe@csiro.au RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008; OI Steffenson, Brian/0000-0001-7961-5363 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX We thank the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project led by Cornell University and supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for financial support and Lachlan Lake of CSIRO and Suzette Madamba of IRRI for technical assistance. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD MAY PY 2011 VL 179 IS 1 SI SI BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s10681-010-0280-2 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747FI UT WOS:000289305300004 ER PT J AU Jin, Y AF Jin, Yue TI Role of Berberis spp. as alternate hosts in generating new races of Puccinia graminis and P. striiformis SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Barberry; Life cycle; Stem rust; Stripe rust; Wheat ID STEM RUST; WHEAT; VIRULENCE; TRITICI; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; BARLEY; CHINA AB The common barberry and several other Berberis spp. serve as the alternate hosts to two important rust pathogens of small grains and grasses, Puccinia graminis and P. striiformis. Barberry eradication has been practiced for centuries as a means to control stem rust. Diverse virulence variations have been observed in populations of P. graminis f. sp. tritici that were associated with susceptible barberries in North America. Barberry likely has played a role in generating new races of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in some regions in the world. Several North American stem rust races, namely races 56, 15B and QCC, initially originated from barberry, were subsequently responsible for generating large-scale epidemics. Thus, sexual cycles on Berberis spp. may generate virulence combinations that could have serious consequences to cereal crop production. C1 Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM yue.jin@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD MAY PY 2011 VL 179 IS 1 SI SI BP 105 EP 108 DI 10.1007/s10681-010-0328-3 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747FI UT WOS:000289305300010 ER PT J AU Park, R Fetch, T Hodson, D Jin, Y Nazari, K Prashar, M Pretorius, Z AF Park, Robert Fetch, Tom Hodson, Dave Jin, Yue Nazari, Kumarse Prashar, Mohinder Pretorius, Zacharias TI International surveillance of wheat rust pathogens: progress and challenges SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Surveys; Pathotype; Puccinia; Race; Triticum aestivum ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-GRAMINIS; STEM RUST; PLANT-PATHOGENS; STRIPE RUST; NEW-ZEALAND; VIRULENCE; STRIIFORMIS; AUSTRALIA; SPECIALIZATION AB Surveillance of wheat rust pathogens, including assessments of rust incidence and virulence characterization via either trap plots or race (pathotype) surveys, has provided information fundamental in formulating and adopting appropriate national and international policies, investments and strategies in plant protection, plant breeding, seed systems, and in rust pathogen research. Despite many successes from national and regional co-ordination of rust surveillance, few attempts were made to extend rust surveillance to international or even global levels. The Global Cereal Rust Monitoring System was established to address this deficiency. It is underpinned by an information platform that includes standardized protocols for methods and systems used in surveys, preliminary virulence testing, data, sample transmission and management at the field and national and global levels, and includes two web-based visualization tools. While considerable progress has been made towards a global system for monitoring variability in the wheat stem rust pathogen, and linking this to the threat posed by this pathogen to regional wheat production, some challenges remain, including ongoing commitment to support rust surveillance, and the ability to share and compare surveillance data. C1 [Park, Robert] Univ Sydney, Plant Breeding Inst Cobbitty, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. [Fetch, Tom] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Cereal Res Ctr, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2M9, Canada. [Hodson, Dave] FAO, AGP Div, Wheat Rust Dis Global Program, I-00100 Rome, Italy. [Jin, Yue] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Nazari, Kumarse] ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. [Prashar, Mohinder] DWR Reg Res Stn, Shimla 171002, Himachal Prades, India. [Pretorius, Zacharias] Univ Orange Free State, Dept Plant Sci, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. RP Park, R (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Plant Breeding Inst Cobbitty, Private Bag 4011, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. EM robert.park@sydney.edu.au FU Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX The first author would like to thank the Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation for financial support. All authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Durable Rust in Wheat Project led by Cornell University and supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 38 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD MAY PY 2011 VL 179 IS 1 SI SI BP 109 EP 117 DI 10.1007/s10681-011-0375-4 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747FI UT WOS:000289305300011 ER PT J AU Ren, W Tian, HQ Tao, B Chappelka, A Sun, G Lu, CQ Liu, ML Chen, GS Xu, XF AF Ren, Wei Tian, Hanqin Tao, Bo Chappelka, Art Sun, Ge Lu, Chaoqun Liu, Mingliang Chen, Guangsheng Xu, Xiaofeng TI Impacts of tropospheric ozone and climate change on net primary productivity and net carbon exchange of China's forest ecosystems SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE China; climate change; dynamic land ecosystem model (DLEM); forest ecosystem; net carbon exchange (NCE); net primary production (NPP); ozone (O-3) ID LAND-USE; UNITED-STATES; SURFACE OZONE; WATER YIELD; MODEL; STORAGE; SEQUESTRATION; GROWTH; TREES; LEAF AB Aim We investigated how ozone pollution and climate change/variability have interactively affected net primary productivity (NPP) and net carbon exchange (NCE) across China's forest ecosystem in the past half century. Location Continental China. Methods Using the dynamic land ecosystem model (DLEM) in conjunction with 10-km-resolution gridded historical data sets (tropospheric O-3 concentrations, climate variability/change, and other environmental factors such as land-cover/land-use change (LCLUC), increasing CO2 and nitrogen deposition), we conducted nine simulation experiments to: (1) investigate the temporo-spatial patterns of NPP and NCE in China's forest ecosystems from 1961-2005; and (2) quantify the effects of tropospheric O-3 pollution alone or in combination with climate variability and other environmental stresses on forests' NPP and NCE. Results China's forests acted as a carbon sink during 1961-2005 as a result of the combined effects of O-3, climate, CO2, nitrogen deposition and LCLUC. However, simulated results indicated that elevated O-3 caused a 7.7% decrease in national carbon storage, with O-3-induced reductions in NCE (Pg C year-1) ranging from 0.4-43.1% among different forest types. Sensitivity experiments showed that climate change was the dominant factor in controlling changes in temporo-spatial patterns of annual NPP. The combined negative effects of O-3 pollution and climate change on NPP and NCE could be largely offset by the positive fertilization effects of nitrogen deposition and CO2. Main conclusions In the future, tropospheric O-3 should be taken into account in order to fully understand the variations of carbon sequestration capacity of forests and assess the vulnerability of forest ecosystems to climate change and air pollution. Reducing air pollution in China is likely to increase the resilience of forests to climate change. This paper offers the first estimate of how prevention of air pollution can help to increase forest productivity and carbon sequestration in China's forested ecosystems. C1 [Ren, Wei; Tian, Hanqin; Tao, Bo; Lu, Chaoqun; Liu, Mingliang; Chen, Guangsheng; Xu, Xiaofeng] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Ecosyst Dynam & Global Ecol Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Ren, Wei; Tian, Hanqin; Tao, Bo; Chappelka, Art; Lu, Chaoqun; Liu, Mingliang; Chen, Guangsheng; Xu, Xiaofeng] Auburn Univ, Int Ctr Climate & Global Change Res, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Tian, HQ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Ecosyst Dynam & Global Ecol Lab, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM tianhan@auburn.edu RI Tian, Hanqin/A-6484-2012; Lu, Chaoqun/A-6497-2012; Liu, Mingliang/B-1361-2009; TAO, BO/I-4166-2014; Xu, Xiaofeng/B-2391-2008; Ren, Wei/G-8317-2016; Ren, Wei/I-4048-2014 OI Tian, Hanqin/0000-0002-1806-4091; Xu, Xiaofeng/0000-0002-6553-6514; Ren, Wei/0000-0002-4840-4835 FU NASA [NNG04GM39C, NNX08AL73G_S01]; Chinese Academy of Science FX This study has been supported by NASA IDS Program (NNG04GM39C), NASA LCLUC Program (NNX08AL73G_S01) and the Chinese Academy of Science. We thank Martin Sykes and two anonymous referees for constructive comments and suggestions. NR 54 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 8 U2 70 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 391 EP 406 DI 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00606.x PG 16 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 747CG UT WOS:000289297300003 ER PT J AU Schaible, TD Harris, RA Dowd, SE Smith, CW Kellermayer, R AF Schaible, Tiffany D. Harris, R. Alan Dowd, Scot E. Smith, C. Wayne Kellermayer, Richard TI Maternal methyl-donor supplementation induces prolonged muring offspring colitis susceptibility in association with mucosal epigenetic and microbiomic changes SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES; LONG-TERM ALTERATIONS; CARBOXYPEPTIDASE-N; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEPRIVATION; RESPONSES; BACTERIA; RATS; MICE AB Developmental epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, have been recognized as potential pathogenic factors in inflammatory bowel diseases, the hallmark of which is an exaggerated immune response against luminal microbes. A methyl-donor (MD) diet can modify DNA methylation at select murine genomic loci during early development. The components of the MDs are routinely incorporated into prenatal human supplements. Therefore, we studied the effects of maternal MD supplementation on offspring colitis susceptibility and colonic mucosal DNA methylation and gene expression changes in mice as a model. Additionally, we investigated the offspring mucosal microbiomic response to the maternal dietary supplementation. Colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Colonic mucosa from offspring of MD-supplemented mothers following reversal to control diet at weaning was interrogated by methylation-specific microarrays and pyrosequencing at postnatal days 30 (P30) and P90. Transcriptomic changes were analyzed by microarray profiling and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The mucosal microbiome was studied by high throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA. Maternal MD supplementation induced a striking susceptibility to colitis in offspring. This phenotype was associated with colonic mucosal DNA methylation and expression changes. Metagenomic analyses did not reveal consistent bacteriomic differences between P30 and P90, but showed a prolonged effect of the diet on the offspring mucosal microbiome. In conclusion, maternal MD supplementation increases offspring colitis susceptibility that associates with persistent epigenetic and prolonged microbiomic changes. These findings underscore that epigenomic reprogramming relevant to mammalian colitis can occur during early development in response to maternal dietary modifications. C1 [Kellermayer, Richard] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Ciastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Pediat,USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Harris, R. Alan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Dowd, Scot E.] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Kellermayer, R (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Ciastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Pediat,USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 6621 Fannin St,CC1010-00, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kellerma@bcm.edu FU Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America-Children's Digestive Health and Nutrition Foundation/North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (CCFA) [2426]; Broad Medical Research Program; Broad Foundation [IBD-0252]; USDA/ARS CHRC [6250-51000-055]; NHGRI [U54HG004592] FX R.K. was supported by a young investigator joint award from the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America-Children's Digestive Health and Nutrition Foundation/North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (CCFA Ref #2426), and the Broad Medical Research Program, the Broad Foundation (IBD-0252). C.W.S. was supported by USDA/ARS CHRC, CRIS Project Grant (6250-51000-055). DNaseI mapping data were funded through NHGRI ENCODE grant U54HG004592 to John Stamatoyannopoulos, University of Washington. NR 38 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1687 EP 1696 DI 10.1093/hmg/ddr044 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 747HR UT WOS:000289311400002 PM 21296867 ER PT J AU Vordermeier, HM Villarreal-Ramos, B Cockle, PJ McAulay, M Rhodes, SG Thacker, T Gilbert, SC McShane, H Hill, AVS Xing, Z Hewinson, RG AF Vordermeier, H. Martin Villarreal-Ramos, Bernardo Cockle, Paul J. McAulay, Martin Rhodes, Shelley G. Thacker, Tyler Gilbert, Sarah C. McShane, Helen Hill, Adrian V. S. Xing, Zhou Hewinson, R. Glyn TI Viral Booster Vaccines Improve Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Induced Protection against Bovine Tuberculosis, (vol 77, pg 3371, 2009) SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Correction C1 [Vordermeier, H. Martin] Vet Labs Agcy Weybridge, TB Res Grp, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. Univ Oxford, Jenner Inst, Oxford OX3 7DQ, England. Inst Anim Hlth, Compton, Berks, England. McMaster Univ, Ctr Gene Therapeut, Dept Pathol & Mol Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. McMaster Univ, Ctr Gene Therapeut, Div Infect Dis, Hamilton, ON, Canada. USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Vordermeier, HM (reprint author), Vet Labs Agcy Weybridge, TB Res Grp, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. RI Hewinson, Glyn/F-7077-2010; Rhodes, Shelley/D-9877-2011; Hewinson, Glyn/J-1902-2014; Vordermeier, H Martin/C-6936-2011 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 79 IS 5 BP 2134 EP 2134 DI 10.1128/IAI.00186-11 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 752EP UT WOS:000289672700038 ER PT J AU Shao, HX Ye, JQ Vincent, AL Song, HC Hickman, D Qin, AJ Lamichhane, C Perez, DR AF Shao, Hongxia Ye, Jianqiang Vincent, Amy L. Song, Haichen Hickman, Danielle Qin, Aijian Lamichhane, Chinta Perez, Daniel R. TI A monoclonal antibody-based ELISA for differential diagnosis of 2009 pandemic H1N1 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus; ELISA; mAb ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; PCR ASSAYS; IDENTIFICATION; ASSOCIATION; ARGENTINA; OUTBREAK; HUMANS; D222G; PIGS AB The swine-origin 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (pdmH1N1) is genetically related to North American swine H1 influenza viruses and unrelated to human seasonal H1 viruses. Currently, specific diagnosis of pdmH1N1 relies on RT-PCR. In order to develop an assay that does not rely in amplification of the viral genome, a conventional sandwich ELISA for detection of the pdmH1N1 was developed. The sandwich ELISA was based on three monoclonal antibodies (3B2, 5H7, and 12F3) against pdmH1N1. 5H7 and 12F3 were selected as capture antibodies and biotin-conjugated 3B2 was subsequently selected as the detection antibody in the ELISA. The results showed the ELISA had high specificity for pdmH1N1 strains and no reaction with other swine H1 viruses, human seasonal H1N1 or H3N2 viruses, or avian influenza viruses. The limit of detection of the ELISA ranged from 3.2 x 10(3) to 1.5 x 10(4) TCID(50)/ml. When the ELISA was used to detect viruses in nasal wash samples from infected ferrets, it showed 90.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared to the "gold standard" - virus isolation. Our studies highlight a convenient assay for specific diagnosis of the 2009 pandemic H1N1-like viruses. C1 [Shao, Hongxia; Ye, Jianqiang; Hickman, Danielle; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Shao, Hongxia; Ye, Jianqiang; Hickman, Danielle; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Shao, Hongxia; Qin, Aijian] Yangzhou Univ, Key Lab Jiangsu Prevent Vet Med, Yangzhou, Peoples R China. [Vincent, Amy L.] USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Song, Haichen; Lamichhane, Chinta] Synbiotics Corp, College Pk, MD USA. RP Shao, HX (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. OI Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689 FU NCPDCID CDC HHS [1U01CI000355]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI052155, R01 AI052155]; PHS HHS [HHSN266186700010C] NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 138 EP 142 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200046 PM 21761586 ER PT J AU Pena, L Vincent, AL Ye, JQ Ciacci-Zanella, JR Angel, M Lorusso, A Gauger, PC Janke, BH Loving, CL Perez, DR AF Pena, Lindomar Vincent, Amy L. Ye, Jianqiang Ciacci-Zanella, Janice R. Angel, Matthew Lorusso, Alessio Gauger, Philip C. Janke, Bruce H. Loving, Crystal L. Perez, Daniel R. TI Safety and efficacy of a novel live attenuated influenza vaccine against pandemic H1N1 in swine SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE live attenuated influenza vaccines; pandemic H1N1; pigs; polymerase ID A VIRUS; GENERATION C1 [Pena, Lindomar; Ye, Jianqiang; Angel, Matthew; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pena, Lindomar; Ye, Jianqiang; Angel, Matthew; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Vincent, Amy L.; Ciacci-Zanella, Janice R.; Lorusso, Alessio; Gauger, Philip C.; Loving, Crystal L.] USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. [Ciacci-Zanella, Janice R.] Embrapa Suinos & Aves, Virol Lab, Concordia, SC, Brazil. [Janke, Bruce H.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Pena, L (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Zanella, Janice/C-3632-2014; Lorusso, Alessio/A-7311-2016 OI Lorusso, Alessio/0000-0001-7933-7367 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 341 EP 344 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200113 ER PT J AU Jayakumar, AR Panickar, KS Curtis, KM Tong, XY Moriyama, M Norenberg, MD AF Jayakumar, Arumugam R. Panickar, Kiran S. Curtis, Kevin M. Tong, Xiao Y. Moriyama, Mitsuaki Norenberg, Michael D. TI Na-K-Cl cotransporter-1 in the mechanism of cell swelling in cultured astrocytes after fluid percussion injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE astrocytes; bumetanide; cell swelling; Na+-K+-2Cl(-)-cotransporter-1; trauma ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; IN-VITRO; NITRIC-OXIDE; NA+-K+-2CL(-) COTRANSPORTER; SIGNALING MECHANISMS; NA+/CA2+ EXCHANGER; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; NKCC ACTIVITY AB P>Brain edema and associated increased intracranial pressure are major consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). An important early component of the edema associated with TBI is astrocyte swelling (cytotoxic edema). Mechanisms for such swelling, however, are poorly understood. Ion channels/transporters/exchangers play a major role in cell volume regulation, and a disturbance in one or more of these systems may result in cell swelling. To examine potential mechanisms in TBI-mediated brain edema, we employed a fluid percussion model of in vitro barotrauma and examined the role of the ion transporter Na+-K+-2Cl(-)-cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) in trauma-induced astrocyte swelling as this transporter has been strongly implicated in the mechanism of cell swelling in various neurological conditions. Cultures exposed to trauma (3, 4, 5 atm pressure) caused a significant increase in NKCC1 activity (21%, 42%, 110%, respectively) at 3 h. At 5 atm pressure, trauma significantly increased NKCC1 activity at 1 h and it remained increased for up to 3 h. Trauma also increased the phosphorylation (activation) of NKCC1 at 1 and 3 h. Inhibition of MAPKs and oxidative/nitrosative stress diminished the trauma-induced NKCC1 phosphorylation as well as its activity. Bumetanide, an inhibitor of NKCC1, significantly reduced the trauma-induced astrocyte swelling (61%). Silencing NKCC1 with siRNA led to a reduction in trauma-induced NKCC1 activity as well as in cell swelling. These findings demonstrate the critical involvement of NKCC1 in the astrocyte swelling following in vitro trauma, and suggest that blocking NKCC1 activity may represent a useful therapeutic strategy for the cytotoxic brain edema associated with the early phase of TBI. C1 [Jayakumar, Arumugam R.; Panickar, Kiran S.; Tong, Xiao Y.; Moriyama, Mitsuaki; Norenberg, Michael D.] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Miami, FL USA. [Curtis, Kevin M.; Norenberg, Michael D.] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Miami, FL USA. [Jayakumar, Arumugam R.; Curtis, Kevin M.; Norenberg, Michael D.] Res & Educ Inc, S Florida Fdn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Miami, FL 33125 USA. [Panickar, Kiran S.] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Moriyama, Mitsuaki] Osaka Prefecture Univ, Lab Integrat Physiol Vet Sci, Osaka, Japan. RP Norenberg, MD (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Pathol D 33, POB 016960, Miami, FL 33101 USA. EM mnorenbe@med.miami.edu OI Moriyama, Mitsuaki/0000-0001-8123-8835; Curtis, Kevin/0000-0002-7480-1818 FU Department of Veterans Affairs FX This work was supported by a Merit Review from the Department of Veterans Affairs. We thank Alina Fernandez-Revuelta for the preparation of cell cultures. NR 74 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 117 IS 3 BP 437 EP 448 DI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07211.x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 749KJ UT WOS:000289464500008 PM 21306384 ER PT J AU Anderson, WF Gates, RN Hanna, WW AF Anderson, W. F. Gates, R. N. Hanna, W. W. TI Registration of 'TifQuik' Bahiagrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESTRICTED PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; TIFTON 9 BAHIAGRASS; PENSACOLA BAHIAGRASS; PEANUT; COTTON; ESTABLISHMENT; ROTATIONS; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS; GROWTH AB TifQuik' (Reg. No. CV-4, PI 648303, PVP No 200700209) is a fast emerging forage bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) released by the University of Georgia-Tifton Campus and the USDA-ARS in 2008. The current forage bahiagrass cultivars have a considerable amount of hard seed and thus require 2 or 3 wk to establish a full stand, during which time weeds may infest the pasture or moisture for germination may be restricted. The purpose of the breeding program that produced TifQuik was to select for an increased rate of germination and emergence. TifQuik was produced by employing four cycles of recurrent restricted phenotypic selection for improving the emergence and establishment rates originating from 'Tifton 9' bahiagrass. TifQuik had a fourfold improvement of emergence compared with Tifton 9 after 1 wk in greenhouse trials. Emergence rates, plant heights after 3 wk from planting, and first harvest yields were significantly greater for TifQuik than for other cultivars in replicated field trials. The accelerated emergence and establishment of TifQuik will be useful in sod-based rotation systems with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). C1 [Anderson, W. F.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Exp Sta, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Gates, R. N.] S Dakota State Univ, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. [Hanna, W. W.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Anderson, WF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Coastal Plain Exp Sta, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM bill.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.07.0427crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500001 ER PT J AU Zhang, JF Flynn, R Hughs, SE Bajaj, S Waddell, C Jones, DC AF Zhang, Jinfa Flynn, Robert Hughs, Sidney E. Bajaj, Sanjay Waddell, Cindy Jones, Don C. TI Registration of 'Acala 1517-08' Cotton SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; GERMPLASM LINES; PIMA COTTON; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY AB 'Acala 1517-08' (Reg. No. CV-126, PI 659505) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was developed by the New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2010. This cultivar originated as a single-plant selection derived from a cross between B7636, an unreleased breeding line, and 'LA 887', and it possesses the superior fiber quality of Acala cotton and high yield potential. Acala 1517-08 was evaluated in multiple performance trials in New Mexico from 2003 to 2009; Arizona and the Texas High Plains in 2004, 2006, and 2008; and the Southeast and mid-South United States and southern Texas in 2006 and 2008. Acala 1517-08 had a similar or significantly higher lint yield than 'Acala 1517-99' in New Mexico (15.2% higher), the Southeast and mid-South (16.2%), and Arizona and the Texas High Plains (28.9%). Its lint yield was comparable to or significantly higher than that of 'PHY 72 Acala' in all regions. Acala 1517-08 averaged a higher lint percentage and fiber elongation and longer and stronger fibers than Acala 1517-99, but it had a smaller seed size, a similar boll weight, and higher micronaire. Acala 1517-08 is best adapted to the southwest and region of the Cotton Belt. Acala 1517-08 represents a new conventional Acala 1517 cotton cultivar with a higher yield potential and longer and stronger fibers. C1 [Zhang, Jinfa; Bajaj, Sanjay; Waddell, Cindy] New Mexico State Univ, Dep Plant & Environ Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Flynn, Robert] New Mexico State Univ, Artesia Agr Sci Ctr, Artesia, NM 88003 USA. [Hughs, Sidney E.] ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88003 USA. [Jones, Don C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dep Plant & Environ Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jinzhang@nmsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated; New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station FX The development of Acala 1517-08 was supported in part by funding from the USDA-ARS, Cotton Incorporated, and the New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station. The authors would like to thank Dr. Roy G. Cantrell (New Mexico State Univ.) for making the initial cross and single plant selection that led to the development of Acala 1517-08. Appreciation is expressed to the breeders, geneticists, and other cotton researchers who conducted the RBTN, OVT, and RHQ trials. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 156 EP 163 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.04.0237crc PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500003 ER PT J AU Zhang, JF Flynn, R Hughs, SE Bajaj, S Jones, DC AF Zhang, Jinfa Flynn, Robert Hughs, Sidney E. Bajaj, Sanjay Jones, Don C. TI Registration of 'Acala 1517-09R' Cotton SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Acala 1517-09R' (Reg. No. CV-127, PI 659506) was developed by the New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2010 as a new Roundup Ready Acala cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar. This new cultivar was a single plant selection derived from a backcross BC 3 F 2 between a Roundup Ready gene donor and 'Acala 1517-99' as the recurrent parent, and it possesses the superior fiber quality of Acala cotton and high yield potential. Acala 1517-09R was tested in 11 replicated field trials in New Mexico from 2004 to 2007, seven field tests in other southwest locations (eastern Arizona and the High Plains of Texas) in 2004-2007, and seven locations outside of the southwest and region of the Cotton Belt in 2005. Acala 1517-09R had similar or higher (averaged 15.6% higher) lint yield than the standard, Acala 1517-99, across all the environments tested in New Mexico. Its yield was similar to or higher than that of Acala 1517-99, except for one test outside of the southwest. On average, Acala 1517-09R had longer and finer fibers than Acala 1517-99, with a slightly higher lint percentage but reduced boll weight and fiber strength. Acala 1517-09R is best adapted to the southwest and region of the Cotton Belt, where the traditional Acala 1517 cultivars have been grown. C1 [Zhang, Jinfa; Bajaj, Sanjay] New Mexico State Univ, Dep Plant & Environ Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Flynn, Robert] New Mexico State Univ, Artesia Agr Sci Ctr, Artesia, NM 88210 USA. [Hughs, Sidney E.] ARS, USDA, SW Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88003 USA. [Jones, Don C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dep Plant & Environ Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jinzhang@nmsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated; New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station FX The development of Acala 1517-09R was supported in part by funding from USDA-ARS, Cotton Incorporated, and the New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station. We are grateful to Dow AgroScience and Monsanto for their collaboration in the development of Acala 1517-09R and to the following individuals for conducting the on-farm trials, official variety tests, and regional high-quality tests: cotton producer, Mr. Charles Tharp of Las Cruces, NM; College Associate Prof. Rex Kirksey of Tucumcari Agricultural Science Center, New Mexico State Univ., Tucumcari, NM; Dr. Naveen Puppala of Clovis Agricultural Science Center, New Mexico State Univ., Clovis, NM; Dr. L. J. Clark of Safford Agricultural Center, Univ. of Arizona, Safford, AZ; Dr. John Gannaway of Texas AgriLife Research, Lubbock, TX, and other RHQ cooperators. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 164 EP 169 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.05.0268crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500004 ER PT J AU Tew, TL Dufrene, EO Cobill, RM Garrison, DD White, WH Grisham, MP Pan, YB Legendre, BL Richard, EP Miller, JD AF Tew, T. L. Dufrene, E. O. Cobill, R. M. Garrison, D. D. White, W. H. Grisham, M. P. Pan, Y. -B. Legendre, B. L. Richard, E. P., Jr. Miller, J. D. TI Registration of 'HoCP 91-552' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'HoCP 91-552' (Reg. No. CV-143, PI 659990) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum officinarum L., S. spontaneum L., S. barberi Jeswiet, and S. sinense Roxb. amend. Jeswiet) was released as a feedstock for an emerging bioenergy industry by the USDA-ARS working cooperatively with the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, and the American Sugarcane League, Inc. HoCP 91-552 is a progeny of the cross LCP 81-10 x 'CP 72-356' made at Canal Point, FL in 1986; it was selected at Houma, LA; its permanent name was assigned in 1991. HoCP 91-552 was dropped from the sugarcane selection program in 1997 because its fiber content was unacceptable for the Louisiana sugarcane industry, but it was reevaluated as a feedstock for the bioenergy industry in three replicated yield trials harvested from 2003 to 2007. After 11 harvests, HoCP 91-552 produced 84, 11.3, and 14.3 Mg ha(-1) cane, sugar, and fiber, respectively, compared with 68, 9.5, and 10.3 Mg ha(-1) cane, sugar, and fiber, respectively for the commercial standard 'LCP 85-384.' When compared with 'L 79-1002,' HoCP 91-552 produced significantly more sugar, less fiber, and similar total biomass. HoCP 91-552 is resistant to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. and P. Sydow), leaf scald [caused by Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby) Dowson], and mosaic diseases (caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus and Sorghum mosaic virus) and is moderately resistant to smut disease (caused by Ustilago scitaminea H. and P. Sydow) and the sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis F.). Release of HoCP 91-552 gives growers a new choice as a feedstock for the production of biofuel. C1 [Tew, T. L.; Dufrene, E. O.; Garrison, D. D.; White, W. H.; Grisham, M. P.; Pan, Y. -B.; Richard, E. P., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Cobill, R. M.] CERES Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. [Legendre, B. L.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Audubon Sugar Inst, St Gabriel, LA 70776 USA. [Miller, J. D.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. RP Tew, TL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM thomas.tew@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 181 EP 190 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.07.0439crc PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500007 ER PT J AU Glover, KD Rudd, JC Devkota, RN Hall, RG Jin, Y Osborne, LE Ingemansen, JA Rickertsen, JR Hareland, GA AF Glover, K. D. Rudd, J. C. Devkota, R. N. Hall, R. G. Jin, Y. Osborne, L. E. Ingemansen, J. A. Rickertsen, J. R. Hareland, G. A. TI Registration of 'Select' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [ telomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch]), is a major constraint on the production of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The objective of this research was to release a hard red spring wheat (HRSW) cultivar with enhanced levels of FHB resistance. 'Select' (Reg. No. CV-1056, PI 659554) HRSW was developed at South Dakota State University (SDSU) and released by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (SDAES) in February 2010. The cross 'Briggs' (PI 632970)/FN1500-118 was made during spring 2001. Briggs (BW114/'Bergen' (PI 538768)//SD3097) was released by SDAES in fall 2001. FN1500-118 is an unreleased experimental breeding line developed by the SDSU-HRSW breeding program. The population was advanced via an early-generation bulk-testing program where F 4: 7 seed was included in the 2005 preliminary yield trial, and the line was designated SD3948. SD3948 also was tested in the advanced yield trial from 2006 through 2009. Select was released for its high level of resistance to FHB when compared with most other HRSW cultivars developed by the SDSU-HRSW breeding program as well as for its high yield potential and grain volume weight in South Dakota and the northern Great Plains. Additionally, Select is moderately resistant to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and has an early heading date compared with many HRSW cultivars currently in production. C1 [Glover, K. D.; Hall, R. G.; Osborne, L. E.; Ingemansen, J. A.; Rickertsen, J. R.] S Dakota State Univ, Plant Sci Dep, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Rudd, J. C.; Devkota, R. N.] Agr Res & Extens Ctr, W Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Jin, Y.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hareland, G. A.] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Glover, KD (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Plant Sci Dep, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Karl.Glover@sdstate.edu NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 196 EP 201 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.08.0477crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500009 ER PT J AU Meredith, WR Nokes, WS AF Meredith, W. R., Jr. Nokes, W. S. TI Registration of MD 9ne and MD 25 High-Fiber-Quality Germplasm Lines of Cotton SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB MD 9ne (Reg. No. GP-928, PI 659507) and MD 25 (Reg. No. GP-929, PI 659508) are noncommercial breeding lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) released by the USDA-ARS at Stoneville, MS. One parent of MD 9ne was a strain of 'MD51ne' (PI 566941) that had high-fiber-quality genes introduced from the species polycross. The other parent was MD 15 (PI 642769). The parents of MD 25 were MD 9ne and a noncommercial Sure-Grow strain. MD 9ne was grown at eight locations in the 2004 Regional High Quality (RHQ) test. Its yield was near average for the test. Its strength as measured by a stelometer instrument and it yarn tenacity were significantly greater than those of any other entry. Its uniformity was the highest of the 19 strains tested. MD 25 was evaluated in the 2008 RHQ test with 19 other entries. The yield of MD 25 was about average for the test. MD 25's yarn tenacity was 146 mN tex(-1), second to TAM 182-34ELS with 154 mN tex-1, but MD 25's lint yield was 24.3% greater. MD 25's uniformity index and fiber length were above the test average. Removing MD 25 from a 20-entry regression analysis suggested that it had a different yield/yarn-tenacity relationship than the other 19 entries. MD 9ne is nectariless 2(ne(1), ne(2)), and MD 25 segregates for the nectariless trait, which confers resistance to a number of pests, principally the tarnished plant bug (Lygus lineolarus Palisot deBeauvois). In 2008 this insect caused as much loss to the cotton crop in the United States as all other cotton insects combined. C1 [Meredith, W. R., Jr.; Nokes, W. S.] ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Meredith, WR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, POB 314, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bill.meredith@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [6402-21000-033-00D, 6402-21000-032-00D] FX The author is grateful to the 10 RHQ cooperators who conducted the individual tests and collected the field data and to the many seed providers who have contributed their new high-quality strains, germplasm lines, and cultivars for these tests. The author would also like to acknowledge Ellen Keene for her work in the administration of the RHQ tests and for creating a variety of data sets to use in the varied analyses. Gratitude is extended to Debbie Boykin for her statistical advice and expertise in analyzing the data. Additional recognition and thanks for the efforts of Rex Manning and the Delta Research and Extension Center, Stoneville, MS for their diligent work in all farming and test operations. Funding for research and tests conducted relating to the development of these germplasm lines was provided through ARS project numbers 6402-21000-033-00D (Genetic-Physiological Team Research to Improve Production, Fiber Quality, and Competitive Ability of Cotton) and 6402-21000-032-00D (National Cotton Variety Test Program). NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 202 EP 206 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.06.0333crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500010 ER PT J AU Bechere, E Auld, DL Krifa, M Smith, CW Cantrell, RG AF Bechere, E. Auld, D. L. Krifa, M. Smith, C. Wayne Cantrell, R. G. TI Registration of TTU 0782, an Upland Cotton Germplasm Line with Superior Fiber Quality SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID LENGTH AB Improvement of fiber quality is essential if cotton farmers in the United States are to compete in the world market. A high-quality cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm designated as TTU 0782 (Reg. No. GP-930, PI 659504) was developed and released by the Department of Soil Science, Texas Tech University, on 25 May 2010. TTU 0782 was derived from the cross of TTU 202-1107B with 'Acala 1517-95', and it possesses highly favorable fiber length, high fiber-bundle strength, and a desirable fiber-length uniformity index as determined by high-volume-instrument testing. In addition, TTU 0782 exhibits low short-fiber content, a high maturity ratio, and low nep counts as determined by the Advanced Fiber Information System. Spinning tests indicate that TTU 0782 had improved yarn tenacity and fewer thin and thick places, fewer neps, and less hairiness of yarn when compared with previously registered germplasm lines from Texas Tech University and with 'FiberMax 958'. C1 [Bechere, E.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Auld, D. L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Krifa, M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dep Text & Apparel, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Smith, C. Wayne] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Texas Agr Exp Stn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cantrell, R. G.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. RP Bechere, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM efrem.bechere@ars.usda.gov FU International Cotton Research Center at Texas Tech University; Cotton Incorporated; USDA-ARS [6402-21000-028-00D] FX Research leading to the development of TTU 0782 was supported by the International Cotton Research Center at Texas Tech University, Cotton Incorporated, and USDA-ARS project #6402-21000-028-00D. This research was primarily done at Texas Tech University, and thus the views expressed do not necessarily represent those of the USDA-ARS. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 207 EP 210 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.07.0404crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500011 ER PT J AU Guo, BZ Krakowsky, MD Ni, X Scully, BT Lee, RD Coy, AE Widstrom, NW AF Guo, B. Z. Krakowsky, M. D. Ni, X. Scully, B. T. Lee, R. D. Coy, A. E. Widstrom, N. W. TI Registration of Maize Inbred Line GT603 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GT-MAS-GK; CORN GENOTYPES RESISTANT; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES; DIVERSE LOCATIONS; PARENTAL LINES; GERMPLASM LINE; KERNELS; FIELD AB GT603 (Reg. No. GP-577, PI 659665) is an inbred line of yellow dent maize (Zea mays L.) developed and released in 2010 by the USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit in cooperation with the University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station. GT603 was developed through seven generations of self-pollination from the maize population GT-MAS: gk (PI 561859), which was released as a source of resistance to Aspergillus flavus Link:Fr. GT603 was initially selected from early self-pollinated lines under the experimental name GT-P50. Laboratory and field studies demonstrated that GT603 had aflatoxin levels similar to or lower than the related inbred lines GT601 (PI 644026) and GT602 (PI 644027) and the controls Mp313E (PI539859) and Mp715 (PI614819), but it matured earlier than Mp313E and Mp715. The line GT603 is phenotypically different (darker cob and kernel colors and better agronomic traits) from the related lines GT601 and GT602 although the source of resistance may be the same. In hybrid performance tests in 2005 and 2009, GT603 exhibited better combining ability and heterosis with the Stiff Stalk Synthetic (SSS) inbred (B73) than with the non-SSS inbred (Mo17) for aflatoxin level and grain yield. C1 [Guo, B. Z.; Scully, B. T.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Krakowsky, M. D.] N Carolina State Univ, ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ni, X.; Widstrom, N. W.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Lee, R. D.; Coy, A. E.] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. RP Guo, BZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov RI Ni, Xinzhi/C-4409-2011 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service; Georgia Commodity Commission for Corn FX The contributions and technical support of M. Cook, C. Mullis, R. Giddens, E. Harris, K. Lewis, J. Fountain, and B. Wilson are gratefully acknowledged. This research was supported in part by funds provided by USDA Agricultural Research Service and Georgia Commodity Commission for Corn. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 211 EP 214 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.07.0386crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500012 ER PT J AU McGrath, JM AF McGrath, J. Mitchell TI Registration of EL54 and EL55 Sugarbeet Germplasms SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) germplasms EL54 (Reg. No. GP-277, PI 654357) and EL55 (Reg. No. GP-278, PI 655304) were released to increase the available germplasm base of sugarbeet and were developed by the USDA-ARS, at East Lansing, MI in cooperation with the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, Denver, CO and the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station. EL54 is being released in the interest of broadening the genetic base of sugarbeet; the specific goal of this release was to improve root traits, via mother-root selection, relative to the wild species [B. vulgaris L. subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang.] to the point of commercial potential. The progenitors of EL54 were WB879, a wild species reported with exceptional resistance to diseases caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides Drechs., and sugarbeet germplasms SP6822 and C869, each with good agronomic performance for eastern and western U.S. growing areas, respectively. EL55 is being released for its potential seed storability; it was selected via mother-root selection from legacy USDA-ARS (East Lansing, MI) seed lots that were grown in the field directly after long-term (> 15 yr) seed storage under high ambient humidity. EL55 may provide traits that contribute to long-term viability of hybrid and nonhybrid sugarbeet seed. C1 Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit,PSSB 494, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP McGrath, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, USDA, ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit,PSSB 494, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM mitchmcg@msu.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 227 EP 232 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.08.0446crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500015 ER PT J AU Panella, L Lewellen, RT Webb, KM AF Panella, L. Lewellen, R. T. Webb, K. M. TI Registration of FC1018, FC1019, FC1020, and FC1022 Multigerm Sugarbeet Pollinator Germplasms with Disease Resistance SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RHIZOCTONIA ROOT-ROT; POPULATIONS; SOLANI; FIELD AB FC1018 (Reg. No. GP-273, PI 658059), FC1019 (Reg. No. GP-274, PI 658060), FC1020 (Reg. No. GP-275, PI 658061), and FC1022 (Reg. No. GP-276, PI 658062) sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) germplasms were released in 2009 from seed lots 05-FC1018; 05-FC1019; 07-, 08-, or 09-FC1020; and 05-FC1022, respectively, and tested under those designations. They were developed by the USDA-ARS at Fort Collins, CO and Salinas, CA in cooperation with the Beet Sugar Development Foundation, Denver, CO. All four germplasms are populations in fertile cytoplasm and segregate for self-sterility, multigermity, hypocotyl color, and the Rz1 gene, which confers resistance to some strains of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus, the causal agent of rhizomania. FC1018, FC1019, and FC1020 have moderate tolerance to root-rotting strains (AG2-2) of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (the causal agent of Rhizoctonia root and crown rot), Cercospora beticola Sacc. (the causal agent of Cercospora leaf spot), Beet curly top virus (BCTV), and Aphanomyces cochlioides Drechsl., which causes Aphanomyces root rot (Aphanomyces black root). They are populations that can be used to select disease-resistant, multigerm pollinator parents. FC1022 has a moderate tolerance to BCTV and had a relatively high sucrose concentration at Salinas when tested in a field infested with rhizomania. Because of a large percentage of monogerm seedballs (45%) and O-type parentage, it should be possible to select monogerm, O-type lines from FC1022. C1 [Panella, L.; Webb, K. M.] ARS, USDA, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Lewellen, R. T.] ARS, USDA, PWA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Panella, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crops Res Lab, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Lee.Panella@ars.usda.gov FU Beet Sugar Development Foundation (BSDF); California Beet Growers Association; Western Sugar Cooperative FX We thank the Beet Sugar Development Foundation (BSDF), the California Beet Growers Association, and the Western Sugar Cooperative for their support of the USDA-ARS breeding programs at Fort Collins, CO and Salinas, CA. Tests at Shakopee and Rosemount, MN were conducted by M. Rekoske and J. Miller, Betaseed, Inc. and reaction to BSCTV was tested in the BSDF curly top nursery at Kimberly, ID and evaluated by USDA-ARS scientists C. Strausbaugh, A. Gillen, and I. Eujayl. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 233 EP 240 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.05.0293crg PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500016 ER PT J AU Campbell, LG Panella, L Smigocki, AC AF Campbell, L. G. Panella, L. Smigocki, A. C. TI Registration of F1024 Sugarbeet Germplasm with Resistance to Sugarbeet Root Maggot SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB F1024 (Reg. No. GP-272, PI 658654) sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) germplasm with resistance to sugarbeet root maggot (Tetanops myopaeformis von Roder) was released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND on 15 Dec. 2009. F1024 was selected from a population formed by crossing F1016, a germplasm line resistant to root maggot, with a breeding line resistant to Cercospora leaf spot (CLS; caused by Cercospora beticola Sacc.). The population was subjected to three cycles of mass selection for resistance to root maggot followed by three cycles of selection among half-sib families. Under natural root maggot infestations, F1024 had a damage rating of 2.1 (on a scale of 1 to 9, where 0 = no maggot feeding, and 9 = > 75% of root surface with feeding scars), compared with an average of 6.1 for two susceptible commercial hybrids. In a 2009 CLS evaluation, F1024 had a significantly lower disease rating than the susceptible check, and the difference between F1024 and the resistant checks was not significant. The performance of testcross hybrids between the component half-sib families of F1024 and a susceptible cytoplasmic-male-sterile line provided additional validation of the potential of root maggot-resistant hybrids in areas where root maggot is a perpetual threat. C1 [Campbell, L. G.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Panella, L.] ARS, USDA, NPA Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Smigocki, A. C.] ARS, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Campbell, LG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM larry.campbell@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 241 EP 247 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.05.0290crg PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500017 ER PT J AU White, WH Hale, AL Veremis, JC Tew, TL Richard, EP AF White, William H. Hale, Anna L. Veremis, John C. Tew, Thomas L. Richard, Edward P., Jr. TI Registration of Two Sugarcane Germplasm Clones with Antibiosis to the Sugarcane Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; PYRALIDAE AB 'Ho 08-9001' (Reg. No. GP-21, PI 659991) and 'Ho 08-9003' (Reg. No. GP-22, PI 659992) sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) germplasm were selected as clones for the combined traits of resistance to the sugarcane borer [Diatraea saccharalis (F.)], vigorous growth habit, sucrose content, and biomass yield from the cross Ho 02-95 x MPTH 97-003. Ho 08-9001 had 13% bored internodes (10% bored internodes is the accepted economic injury level for sugarcane borer in Louisiana) but had comparatively low values for adult emergence and larval weight. Ho 08-9003 had bored internodes equal to the accepted economic injury level and also had low values for adult emergence and larval weights. The low adult-emergence values and low larval weights suggest antibiosis as the mechanism of resistance to the sugarcane borer; antibiosis is a resistance mechanism not yet exploited for stem borer resistance in Louisiana. When averaged across the plant-cane and first-ratoon crop, Ho 08-9001 had 21% more cane yield (117 vs. 89 Mg ha(-1)) and 53% less sucrose content (54 vs. 115 kg Mg(-1)) than HoCP 96-540. While Ho 08-9003 had 34% more cane yield (119 vs. 89 Mg ha(-1)) than the cultivar 'HoCP 96-540', but 37% less sucrose content (67 vs. 115 Mg ha(-1)). The combination of resistance, high early-generation (F(1)) sucrose, and high cane yield makes these two clones attractive to sugarcane breeders to develop insect-resistant sugarcane cultivars. C1 [White, William H.; Hale, Anna L.; Tew, Thomas L.; Richard, Edward P., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Veremis, John C.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Riverdale, MD USA. RP White, WH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Lab, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM William.white@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 248 EP 253 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.07.0429crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500018 ER PT J AU Kindiger, B Singh, D AF Kindiger, Bryan Singh, Devesh TI Registration of Annual Ryegrass Genetic Stock IL2 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID TALL FESCUE; INBRED LINES; SELECTION AB Within the Festuca-Lolium genome complex there is a need for rapid development of improved germplasm resources. Traditional recurrent selection methods for population or synthetic development are labor intensive and time consuming. One objective of our research is to identify novel genetic methods that will enhance traditional breeding methods and facilitate the development of improved Lolium spp. germplasm resources. IL2 (Reg. No. GS-8, PI 659068) represents a diploid, narrow-based Lolium perenne L. subsp. multifl orum (Lam.) Husnot that is capable of inducing chromosome or genome loss following interspecific hybridizations with Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire and is being released as genetic stock by the USDA-ARS, Grazinglands Research Laboratory, El Reno, OK. IL2 was derived from a single diploid population (GRL1) identified in a ryegrass population that segregates for varying levels of pollen sterility. The use of this material as a genetic stock can provide a novel approach for the development of Lolium arundinaceum cultivars. C1 [Kindiger, Bryan] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Singh, Devesh] Barenbrug USA, Tangent, OR 97389 USA. RP Kindiger, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM bryan.kindiger@ars.usda.gov OI Kindiger, Bryan/0000-0002-2938-3653 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 254 EP 256 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.08.0458crgs PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500019 ER PT J AU Tsilo, TJ Linkert, GL Hareland, GA Anderson, JA AF Tsilo, Toi J. Linkert, Gary L. Hareland, Gary A. Anderson, James A. TI Registration of the MN98550-5/MN99394-1 Wheat Recombinant Inbred Mapping Population SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE GENE SR6; RED SPRING WHEAT; MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; GENOME; LINES AB A mapping population was developed from the two hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding lines MN98550-5 (PI 660540 MAP) and MN99394-1 (PI 660541 MAP) at the University of Minnesota. This population, MN98550-5/MN99394-1 (Reg. No. MP-4, NSL 472873 MAP), comprises 139 F 6: 8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The primary objective of developing this mapping population was to identify the chromosome regions that influence end-use quality traits in hard red spring wheat lines that are adapted to the Upper Midwest region of the USA. The population was genotyped with diversity array technology and simple sequence repeat markers, and the genetic map was composed of 531 marker loci covering all 21 chromosomes of wheat. Forty-three quantitative trait loci (QTL) influenced dough-mixing strength and bread-making properties. This population also segregated for several important traits, including resistance to fungal diseases (leaf rust, caused by Pucciniatriticina f. sp. tritici; and stem rust, caused by P. graminis f. sp. tritici), kernel characteristics, and agronomic traits, and their QTL and closely linked markers were identified. The information obtained from QTL analysis was useful in selecting the best RILs as parents in our breeding program. C1 [Tsilo, Toi J.; Linkert, Gary L.; Anderson, James A.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hareland, Gary A.] ARS, USDA, Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Anderson, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, 411 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM ander319@umn.edu RI Tsilo, Toi/G-5088-2011 FU Minnesota Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church; Compton Foundation; National Research Foundation of South Africa; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-55606-16629] FX Financial support for this work came from the Minnesota Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church, the Compton Foundation, the National Research Foundation of South Africa, and the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (Coordinated Agricultural Project grant number 2006-55606-16629). The authors would like to thank Drs. Yue Jin, Shiaoman Chao, Senay Simsek, and Jae-Bom Ohm for their collaboration during the evaluation of this population. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 257 EP 260 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.06.0370crmp PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 747VD UT WOS:000289347500020 ER PT J AU Faria, NCG Kim, JH Goncalves, LAP Martins, MD Chan, KL Campbell, BC AF Faria, N. C. G. Kim, J. H. Goncalves, L. A. P. Martins, M. de L. Chan, K. L. Campbell, B. C. TI Enhanced activity of antifungal drugs using natural phenolics against yeast strains of Candida and Cryptococcus SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphotericin B; phenolic; synergism; triazole ID STRESS-RESPONSE; FLUCONAZOLE; CHEMOSENSITIZATION; ASPERGILLUS; ALBICANS; THERAPY; AGENTS; CASPOFUNGIN; NEOFORMANS; RESISTANCE AB Aims: Determine whether certain, natural phenolic compounds enhance activity of commercial antifungal drugs against yeast strains of Candida and Cryptococcus neoformans. Methods and Results: Twelve natural phenolics were examined for fungicidal activity against nine reference strains of Candida and one of C. neoformans. Six compounds were selected for synergistic enhancement of antifungal drugs, amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FLU) and itraconazole (ITR). Matrix assays of phenolic and drug combinations conducted against one reference strain, each, of Candida albicans and C. neoformans showed cinnamic and benzoic acids, thymol, and 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehydes (-DBA) had synergistic interactions depending upon drug and yeast strain. 2,5-DBA was synergistic with almost all drug and strain combinations. Thymol was synergistic with all drugs against Ca. albicans and with AMB in C. neoformans. Combinations of benzoic acid or thymol with ITR showed highest synergistic activity. Of 36 combinations of natural product and drug tested, none were antagonistic. Conclusions: Relatively nontoxic natural products can synergistically enhance antifungal drug activity, in vitro. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is a proof-of-concept, having clinical implications. Natural chemosensitizing agents could lower dosages needed for effective chemotherapy of invasive mycoses. Further studies against clinical yeast strains and use of animal models are warranted. C1 [Kim, J. H.; Chan, K. L.; Campbell, B. C.] USDA ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Faria, N. C. G.; Martins, M. de L.] Univ Nova Lisboa, CREM, Inst Higiene & Med Trop, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. [Goncalves, L. A. P.] Univ Nova Lisboa, CEAUL, Inst Higiene & Med Trop, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Campbell, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Mycotoxin Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bruce.campbell@ars.usda.gov RI Martins, Maria da Luz/I-3582-2012; Goncalves, Luzia/J-6649-2012; santos, sofia/I-1637-2012 OI Martins, Maria da Luz/0000-0002-2471-2972; Goncalves, Luzia/0000-0002-9710-1945; FU Thomas J. Walsh Award in Clinical Mycology [5325-42000-035-00D] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-035-00D with partial support from the Thomas J. Walsh Award in Clinical Mycology. NR 37 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 52 IS 5 BP 506 EP 513 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2011.03032.x PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 746MT UT WOS:000289252100012 PM 21332761 ER PT J AU Agata, K Alasaad, S Almeida-Val, VMF Alvarez-Dios, JA Barbisan, F Beadell, JS Beltran, JF Benitez, M Bino, G Bleay, C Bloor, P Bohlmann, J Booth, W Boscari, E Caccone, A Campos, T Carvalho, BM Climaco, GT Clobert, J Congiu, L Cowger, C Dias, G Doadrio, I Farias, IP Ferrand, N Freitas, PD Fusco, G Galetti, PM Gallardo-Escarate, C Gaunt, MW Ocampo, ZG Goncalves, H Gonzalez, EG Haye, P Honnay, O Hyseni, C Jacquemyn, H Jowers, MJ Kakezawa, A Kawaguchi, E Keeling, CI Kwan, YS La Spina, M Lee, WO Lesniewska, M Li, Y Liu, HX Liu, XL Lopes, S Martinez, P Meeus, S Murray, BW Nunes, AG Okedi, LM Ouma, JO Pardo, BG Parks, R Paula-Silva, MN Pedraza-Lara, C Perera, OP Pino-Querido, A Richard, M Rossini, BC Samarasekera, NG Sanchez, A Sanchez, JA Santos, CHD Shinohara, W Soriguer, RC Sousa, ACB Sousa, CFD Stevens, VM Tejedo, M Valenzuela-Bustamante, M Van de Vliet, MS Vandepitte, K Vera, M Wandeler, P Wang, WM Won, YJ Yamashiro, A Yamashiro, T Zhu, CC AF Agata, Kiyokazu Alasaad, Samer Fonseca Almeida-Val, Vera Maria Alvarez-Dios, J. A. Barbisan, F. Beadell, Jon S. Beltran, J. F. Benitez, M. Bino, G. Bleay, Colin Bloor, P. Bohlmann, Joerg Booth, Warren Boscari, E. Caccone, Adalgisa Campos, Tatiana Carvalho, B. M. Climaco, Gisele Torres Clobert, Jean Congiu, L. Cowger, Christina Dias, G. Doadrio, I. Farias, Izeni Pires Ferrand, N. Freitas, Patricia D. Fusco, G. Galetti, Pedro M. Gallardo-Escarate, Cristian Gaunt, Michael W. Ocampo, Zaneli Gomez Goncalves, H. Gonzalez, E. G. Haye, Pilar Honnay, O. Hyseni, Chaz Jacquemyn, H. Jowers, Michael J. Kakezawa, Akihiro Kawaguchi, Eri Keeling, Christopher I. Kwan, Ye-Seul La Spina, Michelangelo Lee, Wan-Ok Lesniewska, M. Li, Yang Liu, Haixia Liu, Xiaolin Lopes, S. Martinez, P. Meeus, S. Murray, Brent W. Nunes, Aline G. Okedi, Loyce M. Ouma, Johnson O. Pardo, B. G. Parks, Ryan Paula-Silva, Maria Nazare Pedraza-Lara, C. Perera, Omaththage P. Pino-Querido, A. Richard, Murielle Rossini, Bruno C. Samarasekera, N. Gayathri Sanchez, Antonio Sanchez, Juan A. dos Anjos Santos, Carlos Henrique Shinohara, Wataru Soriguer, Ramon C. Barbosa Sousa, Adna Cristina da Silva Sousa, Carolina Fernandes Stevens, Virginie M. Tejedo, M. Valenzuela-Bustamante, Myriam Van de Vliet, M. S. Vandepitte, K. Vera, M. Wandeler, Peter Wang, Weimin Won, Yong-Jin Yamashiro, A. Yamashiro, T. Zhu, Changcheng CA Mol Ecology Resources Primer Dev TI Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 December 2010-31 January 2011 SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article AB This article documents the addition of 238 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alytes dickhilleni, Arapaima gigas, Austropotamobius italicus, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Cobitis lutheri, Dendroctonus ponderosae, Glossina morsitans morsitans, Haplophilus subterraneus, Kirengeshoma palmata, Lysimachia japonica, Macrolophus pygmaeus, Microtus cabrerae, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Pallisentis (Neosentis) celatus, Pulmonaria officinalis, Salminus franciscanus, Thais chocolata and Zootoca vivipara. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Acanthina monodon, Alytes cisternasii, Alytes maurus, Alytes muletensis, Alytes obstetricans almogavarii, Alytes obstetricans boscai, Alytes obstetricans obstetricans, Alytes obstetricans pertinax, Cambarellus montezumae, Cambarellus zempoalensis, Chorus giganteus, Cobitis tetralineata, Glossina fuscipes fuscipes, Glossina pallidipes, Lysimachia japonica var. japonica, Lysimachia japonica var. minutissima, Orconectes virilis, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii, Salminus brasiliensis and Salminus hilarii. C1 [Mol Ecology Resources Primer Dev] Mol Ecol Resources Editorial Off, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Agata, Kiyokazu; Kakezawa, Akihiro; Kawaguchi, Eri; Shinohara, Wataru] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Alasaad, Samer; Jowers, Michael J.; Soriguer, Ramon C.] CSIC, Estac Biol Donana, Seville 41092, Spain. [Alasaad, Samer; Sanchez, Antonio] Univ Jaen, Dept Biol Expt, E-23071 Jaen, Spain. [Fonseca Almeida-Val, Vera Maria; Climaco, Gisele Torres; Paula-Silva, Maria Nazare; dos Anjos Santos, Carlos Henrique; da Silva Sousa, Carolina Fernandes] INPA, Lab Ecofisiol Evol Mol, BR-69060001 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Alvarez-Dios, J. A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Matemat Aplicada, Fac Matemat, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. [Barbisan, F.; Bino, G.; Boscari, E.; Congiu, L.; Fusco, G.] Univ Padua, Dept Biol, I-35121 Padua, Italy. [Beadell, Jon S.; Caccone, Adalgisa; Ocampo, Zaneli Gomez; Hyseni, Chaz] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Beltran, J. F.] Univ Seville, Dept Fisiol & Zool, E-41012 Seville, Spain. [Benitez, M.] Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol Anim, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Bleay, Colin; Clobert, Jean] CNRS Moulis, CNRS, USR 2936, Stn Ecol Expt, F-09200 Moulis, France. [Bloor, P.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Grp Biodiversidad & Recursos Genet, Inst Genet, Bogota, Colombia. [Bohlmann, Joerg; Keeling, Christopher I.] Univ British Columbia, Michael Smith Labs, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Booth, Warren] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Booth, Warren] N Carolina State Univ, WM Keck Ctr Behav Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Campos, Tatiana; Barbosa Sousa, Adna Cristina] 210 Univ Estadual Campinas UNICAMP, CBMEG, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Carvalho, B. M.; Dias, G.; Ferrand, N.; Goncalves, H.; Lopes, S.] Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Carvalho, B. M.; Dias, G.; Ferrand, N.] Univ Porto, Dept Zool & Antropol, Fac Ciencias, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Cowger, Christina; Parks, Ryan] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Doadrio, I.; Pedraza-Lara, C.] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Farias, Izeni Pires] Univ Fed Amazonas UFAM, Lab Evolucao & Genet, BR-69077000 Am, Brazil. [Freitas, Patricia D.; Galetti, Pedro M.; Nunes, Aline G.; Rossini, Bruno C.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolucao, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Gallardo-Escarate, Cristian; Valenzuela-Bustamante, Myriam] Univ Concepcion, Lab Genet & Biotecnol Acuicola, Ctr Biotechnol, Concepcion, Chile. [Gaunt, Michael W.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Infect & Trop Dis Dept, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Gonzalez, E. G.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Vet, Dept Bioquim Biol Mol 4, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Haye, Pilar] Univ Catolica Norte, Lab Diversidade Mol, Dept Biol Marina, Coquimbo, Chile. [Honnay, O.; Jacquemyn, H.; Meeus, S.; Vandepitte, K.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Plant Ecol Lab, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. [Kwan, Ye-Seul; Won, Yong-Jin] Ewha Womans Univ, Div EcoSci, Sodaemun Ku, Seoul 120750, South Korea. [La Spina, Michelangelo; Sanchez, Juan A.] Inst Murciano Invest & Desarrollo Agr & Alimentar, Murcia 30150, Spain. [Lee, Wan-Ok] Natl Fisheries Res & Dev Inst, Inland Fisheries Res Inst, Gapyeong 444815, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Lesniewska, M.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Dept Gen Zool, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. [Li, Yang; Liu, Haixia; Liu, Xiaolin] NW A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Yang; Wang, Weimin] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Fisheries, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Martinez, P.; Pardo, B. G.; Pino-Querido, A.; Vera, M.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Genet, Fac Vet, Lugo 27002, Spain. [Murray, Brent W.; Samarasekera, N. Gayathri] Univ No British Columbia, Nat Resources & Environm Studies Inst, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada. [Okedi, Loyce M.] Natl Livestock Resources Res Inst, Tororo, Uganda. [Ouma, Johnson O.] Kenya Agr Res Inst, Trypanosomiasis Res Ctr, Kikuyu, Kenya. [Perera, Omaththage P.] ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Richard, Murielle] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7625, F-75005 Paris, France. [Stevens, Virginie M.] Univ Liege, FRS FNRS, B-4020 Liege, Belgium. [Tejedo, M.] CSIC, Dept Evolutionary Ecol, Estac Biol Donana, Seville 41092, Spain. [Van de Vliet, M. S.] Univ Algarve, CCMAR, FCMA, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal. [Wandeler, Peter] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies IEU, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Yamashiro, A.] Univ Tokushima, Grad Sch Adv Technol & Sci, Tokushima 7708506, Japan. [Yamashiro, T.] Univ Tokushima, Grad Sch Integrated Arts & Sci, Tokushima 7708502, Japan. [Zhu, Changcheng] Kim II Sung Univ, Dept Biol, Pyongyang, North Korea. RI Sanchez, Antonio/N-4174-2015; UALG, CCMAR/N-7071-2013; Angelone-Alasaad, Samer/G-4727-2013; Ferrand, Nuno /E-6085-2014; Freitas, Patricia Domingues/G-2330-2014; Soriguer, Ramon/J-1494-2014; Farias, Izeni/J-3069-2014; La Spina, Michelangelo/A-3753-2009; Almeida-Val, Vera/J-5818-2014; Martinez, Paulino/K-8636-2014; PARDO, BELEN G./K-9652-2014; Vera, Manel/K-9192-2014; Haye, Pilar/B-7082-2015; Adapta, Inct/J-8371-2013; Carvalho, Bruno/L-8350-2013; Gonzalez, Elena/E-4465-2013; Congiu, Leonardo/G-7967-2011; Murray, Brent/F-5031-2012; CSIC, EBD Donana/C-4157-2011; Keeling, Christopher/I-3371-2012; Sousa, Adna/I-4582-2012; BELTRAN, JUAN /D-3730-2013; Richard, Murielle/E-9718-2013; Goncalves, Helena /I-8120-2013 OI Doadrio, Ignacio/0000-0003-4863-9711; CONGIU, LEONARDO/0000-0002-9293-9837; Farias, Izeni/0000-0002-1416-4351; Agata, Kiyokazu/0000-0002-5195-2576; Honnay, Olivier/0000-0002-4287-8511; Hyseni, Chaz/0000-0003-2567-8013; Yamashiro, Tadashi/0000-0003-2992-455X; Sanchez, Antonio/0000-0002-6715-8158; Jowers, Michael J/0000-0001-8935-5913; Keeling, Christopher/0000-0001-7885-8558; Galetti Jr, Pedro M/0000-0001-5916-6126; Angelone-Alasaad, Samer/0000-0003-0868-7276; Ferrand, Nuno /0000-0002-2408-4195; Soriguer, Ramon/0000-0002-9165-7766; La Spina, Michelangelo/0000-0002-0407-2453; Almeida-Val, Vera/0000-0001-7038-5266; Martinez, Paulino/0000-0001-8438-9305; PARDO, BELEN G./0000-0003-3548-6306; Vera, Manel/0000-0003-1584-6140; Haye, Pilar/0000-0002-1093-9076; Carvalho, Bruno/0000-0002-4583-7424; Gonzalez, Elena/0000-0002-4614-3889; CSIC, EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602; Sousa, Adna/0000-0003-4362-5951; BELTRAN, JUAN /0000-0002-0077-575X; Goncalves, Helena /0000-0001-5550-1361 NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 11 IS 3 BP 586 EP 589 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03004.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 749KR UT WOS:000289465500020 PM 21457476 ER PT J AU Wu, SJ Lu, DP Kabbage, M Wei, HL Swingle, B Records, AR Dickman, M He, P Shan, LB AF Wu, Shujing Lu, Dongping Kabbage, Mehdi Wei, Hai-Lei Swingle, Bryan Records, Angela R. Dickman, Martin He, Ping Shan, Libo TI Bacterial Effector HopF2 Suppresses Arabidopsis Innate Immunity at the Plasma Membrane SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE EFFECTOR; RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE; PV. TOMATO DC3000; PLANT IMMUNITY; PROTEIN-KINASE; NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA; VIRULENCE FUNCTIONS; BASAL DEFENSE; III EFFECTORS; CELL-DEATH AB Many bacterial pathogens inject a cocktail of effector proteins into host cells through type III secretion systems. These effectors act in concert to modulate host physiology and immune signaling, thereby promoting pathogenicity. In a search for additional Pseudomonas syringae effectors in suppressing plant innate immunity triggered by pathogen or microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs), we identified P syringae tomato DC3000 effector HopF2 as a potent suppressor of early immune-response gene transcription and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling activated by multiple MAMPs, including bacterial flagellin, elongation factor Tu, peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharide and HrpZ1 harpin, and fungal chitin. The conserved surface-exposed residues of HopF2 are essential for its MAMP suppression activity. HopF2 is targeted to the plant plasma membrane through a putative myristoylation site, and the membrane association appears to be required for its MAMP-suppression function. Expression of HopF2 in plants potently diminished the flagellin-induced phosphorylation of BIK1, a plasma membrane associated cytoplasmic kinase that is rapidly phosphorylated within one minute upon flagellin perception. Thus, HopF2 likely intercepts MAMP signaling at the plasma membrane immediately of signal perception. Consistent with the potent suppression function of multiple MAMP signaling, expression of HopF2 in transgenic plants compromised plant nonhost immunity to bacteria P syringae pv. Phaseolicola and plant immunity to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. C1 [Wu, Shujing; Kabbage, Mehdi; Records, Angela R.; Dickman, Martin; Shan, Libo] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lu, Dongping; He, Ping] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Lu, Dongping; He, Ping] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Plant Genom & Biotechnol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wei, Hai-Lei; Swingle, Bryan] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swingle, Bryan] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Shan, LB (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM lshan@tamu.edu RI Wei, Hai-Lei/N-9495-2013 FU National Institute of Health (NIH) [R01GM70567]; Texas AM University; NIH [R01GM092893]; National Science Foundation [IOS-1030250] FX This work was initiated in J. Sheen's laboratory at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School with the support by grant from the National Institute of Health (NIH) (no. R01GM70567) to J. Sheen. Work in the laboratories of L. Shan and P. He was supported by Texas A&M University start-up funds to L. Shan and P. He, and NIH (no. R01GM092893) to P. He and the National Science Foundation (no. IOS-1030250) to L. Shan. NR 62 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 24 IS 5 BP 585 EP 593 DI 10.1094/MPMI-07-10-0150 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 751CL UT WOS:000289595000007 PM 21198360 ER PT J AU Bae, H Roberts, DP Lim, HS Strem, MD Park, SC Ryu, CM Melnick, RL Bailey, BA AF Bae, Hanhong Roberts, Daniel P. Lim, Hyoun-Sub Strem, Mary D. Park, Soo-Chul Ryu, Choong-Min Melnick, Rachel L. Bailey, Bryan A. TI Endophytic Trichoderma Isolates from Tropical Environments Delay Disease Onset and Induce Resistance Against Phytophthora capsici in Hot Pepper Using Multiple Mechanisms (vol 24, pg 336, 2011) SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Correction C1 [Bae, Hanhong; Roberts, Daniel P.; Lim, Hyoun-Sub; Strem, Mary D.; Melnick, Rachel L.; Bailey, Bryan A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, Gyeongbuk Do, South Korea. [Lim, Hyoun-Sub] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Park, Soo-Chul] Natl Inst Agr Sci & Technol, Div Mol Genet, RDA, Suwon 441707, South Korea. [Ryu, Choong-Min] Korea Res Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Syst Microbiol Res Ctr, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Bae, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Melnick, Rachel/B-1719-2013 OI Melnick, Rachel/0000-0002-5113-2551 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 24 IS 5 BP 628 EP 628 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 751CL UT WOS:000289595000011 ER PT J AU Pei, YF Wang, Y Geng, Y O'Neill, NR Zhang, XG AF Pei, Yun-Fei Wang, Yong Geng, Yun O'Neill, Nichole R. Zhang, Xiu-Guo TI Three novel species of Stemphylium from Sinkiang, China: their morphological and molecular characterization SO MYCOLOGICAL PROGRESS LA English DT Article DE gpd; ITS; New species; Phylogeny; Systematics ID DEHYDROGENASE GENE-SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; ALTERNARIA THEMES; SP-NOV; ULOCLADIUM AB Three new species of Stemphylium were isolated from diseased leaves of Luffa cylindrica, Lycium chinense and Cucumis melo growing in the Sinkiang province of Northwest China. Stemphylium luffae, S. lycii and S. cucumis are described by morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The principal morphological characteristics of these three species are congruent with those of Stemphylium. They are distinguished from morphologically similar Stemphylium species based on characteristics of their conidia and conidiophores. In order to establish the molecular phylogenetic status of these species, DNA loci including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nuclear rDNA region and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) genes were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses using Maximum-Parsimony (MP) and Neighbor-Joining (NJ) were performed on the combined DNA sequences of ITS and gpd gene regions. Both morphological observations and molecular analyses support S. luffae, S. lycii and S. cucumis as three new taxa. C1 [Pei, Yun-Fei; Wang, Yong; Geng, Yun; Zhang, Xiu-Guo] Shandong Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [O'Neill, Nichole R.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhang, XG (reprint author), Shandong Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM zhxg@sdau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30570006] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30570006). NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-416X J9 MYCOL PROG JI Mycol. Prog. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 10 IS 2 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.1007/s11557-010-0686-1 PG 11 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 747EN UT WOS:000289303200005 ER PT J AU Fettig, CJ Hayes, CJ McKelvey, SR Moric, SR AF Fettig, Christopher J. Hayes, Christopher J. McKelvey, Stephen R. Moric, Sylvia R. TI Laboratory assays of select candidate insecticides for control of Dendroctonus ponderosae SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbaryl; chemical control; chlorantraniliprole; cyantraniliprole; Dendroctonus ponderosae; mountain pine beetle; Scolytinae ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDES; ANTHRANILIC DIAMIDES; COLEOPTERA; CARBARYL; ATTACK; SCOLYTIDAE; CURCULIONIDAE; PERMETHRIN AB BACKGROUND: The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), is the most destructive bark beetle in western North America. Dendroctonus ponderosae can be prevented from successfully colonizing and killing individual trees by ground-based sprays of insecticides applied directly to the tree bole. However, the future availability of several active ingredients, including carbaryl which is most commonly used in the western United States, is uncertain. Two novel insecticides, cyantraniliprole [Cyazypyr (TM)-OD (oil dispersion) and Cyazypyr (TM)-SC (suspension concentrate)] and chlorantraniliprole (Rynaxypyr (R)), and carbaryl were assayed in both filter paper and topical assays. RESULTS: Compared with 20 000 mg L-1 carbaryl (i.e. the maximum label rate for solutions applied to conifers for protection from bark beetle attack in the western United States), cyantraniliprole OD caused similar rates of mortality in D. ponderosae adults at 400-fold weaker concentrations in both bioassays, while cyantraniliprole SC caused similar rates of mortality at 40-fold weaker concentrations. Probit analyses confirmed that D. ponderosae is most sensitive to cyantraniliprole OD, while chlorantraniliprole was effective at concentrations similar to carbaryl. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that lower concentrations of carbaryl have merit for field testing than have been previously considered. While cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole have similar modes of action, cyantraniliprole OD appears to have greater promise for protecting individual trees from mortality attributed to D. ponderosae attack and should be evaluated in field studies. Published 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Fettig, Christopher J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Hayes, Christopher J.; McKelvey, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Placerville, CA USA. [Moric, Sylvia R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Fettig, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM cfettig@fs.fed.us FU El du Pont de Nemours and Company [09-CO-11272164-011]; Pacific Southwest Research Station FX The authors thank R Hernandez and J Mello (Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service) for technical assistance, and M Haverty (formerly Pacific Southwest Research Station), D Sherrod and J Cantlon (both DuPont Crop Protection) for their support and thoughtful discussions, without which this work would not have been possible. They also thank J Cantlon and C Dabney (Pacific Southwest Research Station) for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This research was supported, in part, by a grant (FS agreement 09-CO-11272164-011) from El du Pont de Nemours and Company and the Pacific Southwest Research Station. This publication reports research involving pesticides. It does not contain recommendations for their use, nor does it imply that the uses discussed here have been registered. All uses of pesticides in the United States must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. This article was written and prepared by US Government employees on official time and is therefore in the public domain and not subject to copyright. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 67 IS 5 BP 548 EP 555 DI 10.1002/ps.2094 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 749DE UT WOS:000289441500008 PM 21472972 ER PT J AU Oppert, B Morgan, TD Kramer, KJ AF Oppert, Brenda Morgan, Tom D. Kramer, Karl J. TI Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa protoxin and protease inhibitors against coleopteran storage pests SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aprotinin; Bacillus thuringiensis; carboxypeptidase inhibitor; coleopteran; Cry3Aa; lesser grain borer; protease inhibitor; red flour beetle; Rhyzopertha dominica; Tenebrio molitor; Tribolium castaneum; yellow mealworm; stored-product insect ID RED FLOUR BEETLE; LESSER GRAIN BORER; RHYZOPERTHA-DOMINICA COLEOPTERA; TENEBRIO-MOLITOR COLEOPTERA; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; PROTEINASE-INHIBITORS; DIGESTIVE PROTEINASES; DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; LARVAE; BOSTRICHIDAE AB BACKGROUND: Environmental impacts and resistance to insecticides pose serious challenges to stored-product insect and other types of pest control. Insect-resistant transgenic grain is a potential alternative to fumigants, but candidate control proteins are needed, especially for coleopterans. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of a coleopteran-active toxin, Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa, with or without protease inhibitors, in laboratory feeding assays against coleopteran storage pests. RESULTS: In a comparison of the toxicity of Cry3Aa protoxin towards three species of coleopteran storage pests, Tenebrio molitor L. was found to be most sensitive, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) was most refractory and Rhyzopertha dominica F. displayed an intermediate response. For R. dominica, Cry3Aa combined with 3500 mg potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor or 5000 mg aprotinin kg(-1) diet resulted in both delayed development and increased mortality. Potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor and bovine aprotinin reduced the LC50 of Cry3Aa for R. dominica two-and threefold respectively. Cry3Aa treatment resulted in fewer progeny from R. dominica, and progeny was further reduced when the protoxin was combined with potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: These data support the hypothesis that a combination of Cry3Aa protoxin and protease inhibitors, particularly a potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor, may have applications in control strategies for preventing damage to stored products and grains by coleopteran pests. Published 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Oppert, Brenda; Morgan, Tom D.; Kramer, Karl J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Oppert, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM bso@ksu.edu NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 67 IS 5 BP 568 EP 573 DI 10.1002/ps.2099 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 749DE UT WOS:000289441500011 PM 21268232 ER PT J AU Sun, LJ Schemerhorn, B Jannasch, A Walters, KR Adamec, J Muir, WM Pittendrigh, BR AF Sun, Lijie Schemerhorn, Brandi Jannasch, Amber Walters, Kent R., Jr. Adamec, Jiri Muir, William M. Pittendrigh, Barry R. TI Differential transcription of cytochrome P450s and glutathione S transferases in DDT-susceptible and -resistant Drosophila melanogaster strains in response to DDT and oxidative stress SO PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Negative cross-resistance; Trehalose; Pesticide resistance ID TREHALOSE-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; NEGATIVE CROSS-RESISTANCE; MOSQUITO ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; LEVEL CHEMI-LUMINESCENCE; HOUSEFLY MUSCA-DOMESTICA; INSECTICIDE-RESISTANCE; FITNESS COSTS; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; NILAPARVATA-LUGENS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION AB Metabolic DDT resistance in Drosophila melanogaster has previously been associated with constitutive over-transcription of cytochrome P450s. Increased P450 activity has also been associated with increased oxidative stress. In contrast, over-transcription of glutathione S transferases (GSTs) has been associated with resistance to oxidative stress. However, little is known in regards to the impact of xenobiotics on induction of P450s and GSTs and if there exist differences in inducibility between the pesticide susceptible and resistant strains. Thus, we investigated the transcriptional expression of GSTs and P450s in DDT resistant (Wisconsin) and susceptible (Canton-S) Drosophila strains in response to exposure to DDT and the oxidative stressor H2O2. Wisconsin constitutively over-transcribed P450s, constitutively under-transcribed 27% of its total GSTs, and was more susceptible to H2O2 than Canton-S. DDT exposure induced GST expression only in the Wisconsin strain and not in the Canton-S strain. These results suggest that there are potentially more differences between pesticide susceptible and resistant strains than just constitutive expression of P450s; there may also exist, at least in some strains, differences in their patterns of inducibility of P450s and GSTs. Within the context of the Wisconsin strain, these differences may be contributing to the fly lines increased susceptibility to oxidative stress. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Walters, Kent R., Jr.; Pittendrigh, Barry R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Walters, Kent R., Jr.; Pittendrigh, Barry R.] Univ Nebraska, Redox Biol Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Sun, Lijie; Schemerhorn, Brandi] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sun, Lijie] J Craig Venter Inst, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Schemerhorn, Brandi] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Jannasch, Amber] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci Ctr, Metabol Profiling Facil, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Adamec, Jiri] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Muir, William M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pittendrigh, BR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM pittendr@illinois.edu NR 88 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0048-3575 EI 1095-9939 J9 PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS JI Pest. Biochem. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 100 IS 1 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.pestbp.2011.01.009 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 749VS UT WOS:000289499900002 ER PT J AU Duke, SO Evidente, A Fiore, M Rimando, AM Dayan, FE Vurro, M Christiansen, N Looser, R Hutzler, J Grossmann, K AF Duke, Stephen O. Evidente, Antonio Fiore, Michele Rimando, Agnes M. Dayan, Franck E. Vurro, Maurizio Christiansen, Nicole Looser, Ralf Hutzler, Johannes Grossmann, Klaus TI Effects of the aglycone of ascaulitoxin on amino acid metabolism in Lemna paucicostata SO PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ascaulitoxin aglycone; Amino acid transferase; Mode of action; Lemna paucicostata; Amino acid; Metabolite profiling; Phytotoxin ID ASCOCHYTA-CAULINA; ADENYLOSUCCINATE SYNTHETASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CHENOPODIUM-ALBUM; HERBICIDES; PHYTOTOXINS; ALANINE; MODE; TRANSPORTERS; HYDANTOCIDIN AB Ascaulitoxin and its aglycone (2,4,7-triamino-5-hydroxyoctanoic acid, CAS 212268-55-8) are potent phytotoxins produced by Ascochyta caulina, a plant pathogen being developed for biocontrol of weeds. The mode of action of this non-protein amino acid was studied on Lemna paucicostata. Ascaulitoxin is a potent growth inhibitor, with an I-50 for growth of less than 1 mu M, almost completely inhibiting growth at about 3 mu M. Its action is slow, starting with growth inhibition, followed by darker green fronds, and then chlorosis and death. Most amino acids, including non-toxic non-protein amino acids, reversed the effect of the toxin when supplemented in the same medium. Supplemental sucrose slightly increased the activity, D-Amino acids were equally good inhibitors of ascaulitoxin activity, indicating the amino acid effects may not be due to inhibition of amino acid synthesis. Oxaloacetate, the immediate precursor of aspartate, also reversed the activity. LC-MS did not detect interaction of the compound with lysine, an amino acid that strongly reversed the effect of the phytotoxin. Metabolite profiling revealed that the toxin caused distinct changes in amino acids. Reduction in alanine, paralleled by enhanced levels of the branched chain amino acids valine, leucine and isoleucine and nearly unchanged levels of pyruvate, might indicate that the conversion of pyruvate to alanine is affected by ascaulitoxin aglycone. In addition, reduced levels of glutamate/glutamine and aspartate/asparagine might suggest that synthesis and interconversion reactions of these amino group donors are affected. However, neither alanine aminotransferase nor alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase were inhibited by the toxin in vitro. Our observations might be explained by three hypotheses: (1) the toxin inhibits one or more aminotransferases not examined, (2) ascaulitoxin aglycone affects amino acid transporters, (3) ascaulitoxin aglycone is a protoxin that is converted in vivo to an aminotransferase inhibitor. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Duke, Stephen O.; Rimando, Agnes M.; Dayan, Franck E.] USDA ARS NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. [Evidente, Antonio; Fiore, Michele] Univ Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Suolo Pianta Ambiente & Prod Ani, I-80055 Portici, Italy. [Vurro, Maurizio] CNR, Ist Sci Prod Alimentari, I-70125 Bari, Italy. [Christiansen, Nicole; Looser, Ralf] Metanomics GmbH, D-10589 Berlin, Germany. [Hutzler, Johannes; Grossmann, Klaus] BASF Agr Ctr, D-67117 Limburgerhof, Germany. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS NPURU, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM sduke@olemiss.edu RI Evidente, Antonio/N-9357-2013; Vurro, Maurizio/H-9117-2013; Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Evidente, Antonio/0000-0001-9110-1656; Vurro, Maurizio/0000-0001-6875-4093; Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0048-3575 EI 1095-9939 J9 PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS JI Pest. Biochem. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 100 IS 1 BP 41 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.pestbp.2011.02.002 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 749VS UT WOS:000289499900007 ER PT J AU Douds, DD Nagahashi, G Wilson, DO Moyer, J AF Douds, David D., Jr. Nagahashi, Gerald Wilson, David O. Moyer, Jeff TI Monitoring the decline in AM fungus populations and efficacy during a long term bare fallow SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Inoculum; Leek; Response to inoculation; High P soil ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; GLOMUS-INTRARADICES; SPORE GERMINATION; HYPHAL GROWTH; SOIL; PHOSPHORUS; INOCULATION; FIELD; INCREASES; INOCULUM AB Producing nonmycorrhizal plants in the field is a challenge due to the ubiquitous distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal [AM] fungi and impacts of chemical treatments upon nontarget organisms. A field plot was covered with ground cover fabric to prohibit plant growth and take advantage of the obligate symbiotic nature of AM fungi to selectively starve and remove them from the soil microbiological community. The decline in the AM fungus population was monitored through spore counts and most probable number bioassays. Response to inoculation experiments were conducted to contrast the response of Allium porrum L. to inoculation with in vitro produced spores of Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith when plants were grown in the AM fungus-depleted soil vs. soil from an adjacent, cropped plot. Data indicated a strongly diminished, yet still viable population of AM fungi after 39 months of bare fallow. Plants grown in cropped soil showed no growth response nor increase in percentage root length colonized as a result of inoculation, while the response to inoculation of plants grown in the covered soil increased as the population of AM fungi declined below 1 propagule cm(-3). C1 [Douds, David D., Jr.; Nagahashi, Gerald] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Wilson, David O.; Moyer, Jeff] Rodale Inst, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. RP Douds, DD (reprint author), Kings Agriseeds Inc, 96 Paradise Lane, Ronks, PA 17572 USA. EM david.douds@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD MAY PY 2011 VL 342 IS 1-2 BP 319 EP 326 DI 10.1007/s11104-010-0697-3 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 750QB UT WOS:000289562000025 ER PT J AU Yamagishi, M Zhou, KQ Osaki, M Miller, SS Vance, CP AF Yamagishi, Masumi Zhou, Keqin Osaki, Mitsuru Miller, Susan S. Vance, Carroll P. TI Real-time RT-PCR profiling of transcription factors including 34 MYBs and signaling components in white lupin reveals their P status dependent and organ-specific expression SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Cluster roots; Lupinus albus L.; MYB-CC; Phosphate starvation response 1 (PHR1); R2R3-MYB; Signal transduction ID PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSES; INDUCED GENE-EXPRESSION; CLUSTER ROOT-FORMATION; PROTEOID ROOTS; PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ENHANCED EXPRESSION; R2R3-MYB GENE; ALBUS L.; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE AB Phosphorus (P) is often a limiting macronutrient because of its low availability in soils. White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) plants are well adapted to growth under low-P conditions. White lupin acclimation to low-P conditions includes changes in root architecture and enhanced expression of numerous genes encoding for secreted acid phosphatases and phosphate transporters. However, information about transcription factors and signaling proteins that coordinate the P-starvation responses is limited in white lupin. In this study, cDNAs and ESTs encoding for transcription factors and signaling proteins were isolated and their transcription profiles were clarified to facilitate the identification of key signal transduction genes necessary to improve P acquisition, allocation, and use. 34 cDNA fragments of MYB-coiled coil (MYB-CC) and R2R3-MYB, and 26 ESTs encoding for transcription factors and signaling proteins were isolated. Four MYB-CC cDNAs showed high similarity to the transcription factor Phosphate starvation response 1 in Arabidopsis, which has been implicated in regulation of many P-starvation response genes. In addition, deduced amino acid sequences of 29 R2R3-MYB cDNAs showed similarities to Arabidopsis R2R3-MYB proteins. Transcription of the 60 genes, as measured by real-time reverse transcription-PCR, in normal roots, cluster roots, leaves, and shoot tips under P sufficient and low-P conditions revealed that six (10%) and two (3.3%) sequences were either induced or suppressed, respectively, by low-P condition. In addition, 36 genes (60%) showed an organ specific expression. C1 [Yamagishi, Masumi; Osaki, Mitsuru] Hokkaido Univ, Res Fac Agr, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. [Zhou, Keqin] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. [Miller, Susan S.; Vance, Carroll P.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Yamagishi, M (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Res Fac Agr, Kita Ku, N9W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. EM yamagisi@res.agr.hokudai.ac.jp RI Yamagishi, Masumi/A-4484-2012 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [17658032] FX This research was supported by a Grants-In-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 17658032), the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. NR 61 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD MAY PY 2011 VL 342 IS 1-2 BP 481 EP 493 DI 10.1007/s11104-010-0711-9 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 750QB UT WOS:000289562000038 ER PT J AU Singer, SD Cox, KD Liu, ZR AF Singer, Stacy D. Cox, Kerik D. Liu, Zongrang TI Enhancer-promoter interference and its prevention in transgenic plants SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Review DE Enhancer-promoter communication; Enhancer-blocking insulator; 35S promoter/enhancer; Tissue-specific transgene expression; Plant biotechnology ID DROSOPHILA BITHORAX COMPLEX; GLOBIN GENE DOMAIN; TRANSCRIPTIONAL TERMINATOR; ADENOVIRUS VECTORS; PROTEIN CTCF; HS2 ENHANCER; ABDOMINAL-B; T-DNA; EXPRESSION; ELEMENTS AB Biotechnology has several advantages over conventional breeding for the precise engineering of gene function and provides a powerful tool for the genetic improvement of agronomically important traits in crops. In particular, it has been exploited for the improvement of multiple traits through the simultaneous introduction or stacking of several genes driven by distinct tissue-specific promoters. Since transcriptional enhancer elements have been shown to override the specificity of nearby promoters in a position- and orientation-independent manner, the co-existence of multiple enhancers/promoters within a single transgenic construct could be problematic as it has the potential to cause the mis-expression of transgene product(s). In order to develop strategies with, which to prevent such interference, a clear understanding of the mechanisms underlying enhancer-mediated activation of target promoters, as well as the identification of DNA sequences that function to block these interactions in plants, will be necessary. To date, little is known concerning enhancer function in plants and only a very limited number of enhancer-blocking insulators that operate in plant species have been identified. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge surrounding enhancer-promoter interactions, as well as possible means of minimizing such interference during plant transformation experiments. C1 [Singer, Stacy D.; Liu, Zongrang] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Liu, ZR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM zongrang.liu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS Headquarter; USDA [2006-03701, 2009-01067] FX The authors wish to thank Mr. Dennis Bennett (USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV) for his indispensable assistance. This work was funded by the USDA-ARS Headquarter 2007 class of postdoctoral grants and USDA CSREES BRAG grants (2006-03701; 2009-01067). NR 78 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 EI 1432-203X J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 5 SI SI BP 723 EP 731 DI 10.1007/s00299-010-0977-7 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 749PV UT WOS:000289481800006 PM 21170713 ER PT J AU Ghanem, ME Hichri, I Smigocki, AC Albacete, A Fauconnier, ML Diatloff, E Martinez-Andujar, C Lutts, S Dodd, IC Perez-Alfocea, F AF Edmond Ghanem, Michel Hichri, Imene Smigocki, Ann C. Albacete, Alfonso Fauconnier, Marie-Laure Diatloff, Eugene Martinez-Andujar, Cristina Lutts, Stanley Dodd, Ian C. Perez-Alfocea, Francisco TI Root-targeted biotechnology to mediate hormonal signalling and improve crop stress tolerance SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Review DE Abiotic stress; Root-to-shoot signalling; ABA; Cytokinins; ACC; Grafting; IPT; Plant growth promoting rhizobacterium ID SOLANUM-LYCOPERSICON L.; CYTOKININ BIOSYNTHESIS GENE; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; LEAF ABA CONCENTRATION; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; ABSCISIC-ACID; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE; SALINIZED TOMATO AB Since plant root systems capture both water and nutrients essential for the formation of crop yield, there has been renewed biotechnological focus on root system improvement. Although water and nutrient uptake can be facilitated by membrane proteins known as aquaporins and nutrient transporters, respectively, there is a little evidence that root-localised overexpression of these proteins improves plant growth or stress tolerance. Recent work suggests that the major classes of phytohormones are involved not only in regulating aquaporin and nutrient transporter expression and activity, but also in sculpting root system architecture. Root-specific expression of plant and bacterial phytohormone-related genes, using either root-specific or root-inducible promoters or grafting non-transformed plants onto constitutive hormone producing rootstocks, has examined the role of root hormone production in mediating crop stress tolerance. Root-specific traits such as root system architecture, sensing of edaphic stress and root-to-shoot communication can be exploited to improve resource (water and nutrients) capture and plant development under resource-limited conditions. Thus, root system engineering provides new opportunities to maintain sustainable crop production under changing environmental conditions. C1 [Edmond Ghanem, Michel; Hichri, Imene; Lutts, Stanley] Catholic Univ Louvain, GRPV, Earth & Life Inst ELI A, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Edmond Ghanem, Michel; Albacete, Alfonso; Martinez-Andujar, Cristina; Perez-Alfocea, Francisco] CEBAS CSIC, Murcia 30100, Spain. [Smigocki, Ann C.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fauconnier, Marie-Laure] Univ Liege Gembloux, Plant Biol Unit, Gembloux, Belgium. [Diatloff, Eugene] INRA, UMR INRA AgroParisTech 1318, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, Versailles, France. [Dodd, Ian C.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster, England. RP Ghanem, ME (reprint author), Catholic Univ Louvain, GRPV, Earth & Life Inst ELI A, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. EM michel.ghanem@uclouvain.be RI Perez-Alfocea, Francisco/G-8814-2011; Albacete, Alfonso/K-6093-2014; HICHRI, Imene/N-4767-2015; OI Perez-Alfocea, Francisco/0000-0003-1057-4924; Albacete, Alfonso/0000-0003-1332-8593; HICHRI, Imene/0000-0002-5171-8683; Dodd, Ian Charles/0000-0003-2725-859X FU fonds de la Recherche Scientifique FRS-FNRS, Belgium [FRFC-2456308]; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech of the University of Liege; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK; Fundacion Seneca de la Region de Murcia [08712/PI/08]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain [AGL2008-01733/AGR]; Universite catholique de Louvain; CSIC FX The authors thank their national organisations for supporting research on source-sink relations and root-to-shoot signalling: fonds de la Recherche Scientifique FRS-FNRS (project FRFC-2456308) Belgium; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech of the University of Liege for Rhizovol project support; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (ACC signalling), UK; the Fundacion Seneca de la Region de Murcia (project 08712/PI/08) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (project AGL2008-01733/AGR), Spain. MEG is Charge de recherches of the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique FRS-F.N.R.S. (Belgium). IH thanks the Universite catholique de Louvain for the award of post-doctoral fellowship. MEG thanks the CSIC for the grant of a JAEDOC. NR 152 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 73 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 EI 1432-203X J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD MAY PY 2011 VL 30 IS 5 SI SI BP 807 EP 823 DI 10.1007/s00299-011-1005-2 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 749PV UT WOS:000289481800013 PM 21298270 ER PT J AU Reinhart, KO Rinella, M AF Reinhart, Kurt O. Rinella, Matt TI Comparing susceptibility of eastern and western US grasslands to competition and allelopathy from spotted knapweed [Centaurea stoebe L. subsp micranthos (Gugler) Hayek] SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plant-plant interactions; Invasive impacts; Allelopathy; Apparent competition; Centaurea maculosa; Grassy bald ID SHENANDOAH-NATIONAL-PARK; INVASIVE PLANTS; BIOLOGY; MACULOSA; INVADERS; IMPACTS; DIFFUSA AB Centaurea stoebe L. subsp. micranthos is native to Eurasia and is invasive in the western portion of the US. Negative impacts of C. stoebe micranthos present in the eastern US have not been recorded. In this study, we examine the effects of C. stoebe micranthos on species diversity on an eastern grassy bald, compare the competitive abilities of plant species from eastern and western grasslands against C. stoebe micranthos, and assess the production of allelopathic compounds in an eastern population of C. stoebe micranthos. Field observations indicated that increasing C. stoebe micranthos abundance was not associated with decreasing abundance or diversity of species. In a greenhouse experiment, C. stoebe micranthos growing with plant species from an eastern grassland were smaller than C. stoebe micranthos growing with species from western grasslands, suggesting that species from the eastern grassland are more competitive against C. stoebe micranthos. We found no evidence that the eastern population of C. stoebe micranthos has allelopathic effects. While the invasion dynamics may change over time, the possibility that C. stoebe micranthos may never become invasive in the studied grassy bald should be weighed when considering control measures here and throughout the eastern US. This study illustrates that invasion dynamics can vary geographically and that land managers need relevant information to gauge an appropriate and economical response. C1 [Reinhart, Kurt O.; Rinella, Matt] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Reinhart, KO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM kurt.reinhart@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhart, Kurt/A-6730-2010 FU Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; National Park Foundation FX The research of K.O.R. was supported by National Parks Ecological Research Fellowship Program, funded through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation helping form a partnership between the National Park Service, the Ecological Society of America and the National Park Foundation. We appreciate Melanie Knapp and Manuel Rodriguez IV for assistance with the greenhouse experiment and Erin Espeland and Jeremy James for comments on this manuscript. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 212 IS 5 BP 821 EP 828 DI 10.1007/s11258-010-9867-x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 747AW UT WOS:000289293600008 ER PT J AU Krishnan, HB Natarajan, SS Bennett, JO Sicher, RC AF Krishnan, Hari B. Natarajan, Savithiry S. Bennett, John O. Sicher, Richard C. TI Protein and metabolite composition of xylem sap from field-grown soybeans (Glycine max) SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Xylem sap; Proteomics; Soybean; Vegetative storage protein ID POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; STORAGE PROTEIN; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHLOEM; IDENTIFICATION; PINITOL; LEAVES; PLANTS; PURIFICATION; PROTEOMICS AB The xylem, in addition to transporting water, nutrients and metabolites, is also involved in long-distance signaling in response to pathogens, symbionts and environmental stresses. Xylem sap has been shown to contain a number of proteins including metabolic enzymes, stress-related proteins, signal transduction proteins and putative transcription factors. Previous studies on xylem sap have mostly utilized plants grown in controlled environmental chambers. However, plants in the field are subjected to high light and to environmental stress that is not normally found in growth chambers. In this study, we have examined the protein and metabolite composition of xylem sap from field-grown cultivated soybean plants. One-dimensional gel electrophoresis of xylem sap from determinate, indeterminate, nodulating and non-nodulating soybean cultivars revealed similar protein profiles consisting of about 8-10 prominent polypeptides. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of soybean xylem sap resulted in the visualization of about 60 distinct protein spots. A total of 38 protein spots were identified using MALDI-TOF MS and LC-MS/MS. The most abundant proteins present in the xylem sap were identified as 31 and 28 kDa vegetative storage proteins. In addition, several proteins that are conserved among different plant species were also identified. Diurnal changes in the metabolite profile of xylem sap collected during a 24-h cycle revealed that asparagine and aspartate were the two predominant amino acids irrespective of the time collected. Pinitol (d-3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol) was the most abundant carbohydrate present. The possible roles of xylem sap proteins and metabolites as nutrient reserves for sink tissue and as an indicator of biotic stress are also discussed. C1 [Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Sicher, Richard C.] ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Krishnan, Hari B.; Bennett, John O.] Univ Missouri, Plant Sci Div, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Natarajan, Savithiry S.] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Krishnan, Hari B.] ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Krishnan, HB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, 108 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM hari.krishnan@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD MAY PY 2011 VL 233 IS 5 BP 921 EP 931 DI 10.1007/s00425-011-1352-9 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 749CP UT WOS:000289440000007 PM 21246215 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, M Norelli, J Bassett, C Artlip, T Macarisin, D AF Wisniewski, Michael Norelli, John Bassett, Carole Artlip, Timothy Macarisin, Dumitru TI Ectopic expression of a novel peach (Prunus persica) CBF transcription factor in apple (Malus x domestica) results in short-day induced dormancy and increased cold hardiness SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Cold acclimation; Leaf senescence; AP2/ERF; Dormancy; Transgenic apple ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; FREEZING-TOLERANCE; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; WINTER HARDINESS; EVERGREEN PEACH; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; GENE-EXPRESSION; BINDING DOMAIN; ABSCISIC-ACID; WOODY-PLANTS AB Low, non-freezing temperatures and/or short daylength (SD) regulates cold acclimation and dormancy in fruit trees. Regarding cold acclimation, C-repeat binding factor (CBF/DREB) transcriptional activator genes have the well-documented ability to induce the expression of a suite of genes associated with increased cold tolerance. We isolated a full-length cDNA of a peach CBF gene, designated PpCBF1 (GenBank Accession HM992943), and constitutively expressed it using an enhanced 35S promoter in apple. Unexpectedly, constitutive overexpression of the PpCBF1 in apple resulted in strong sensitivity to short daylength. Growth cessation and leaf senescence were induced in transgenic lines exposed to SD and optimal growth temperatures of 25A degrees C over a 4-week period. Following 1-4 weeks of SD and 25A degrees C trees were returned to LD and 25A degrees C in the greenhouse. Control (untransformed) plants continued to grow while transgenic lines receiving two or more weeks of SD remained dormant and began to drop leaves. Constitutive overexpression of the PpCBF1 in apple resulted in a 4-6A degrees C increase in freezing tolerance in both the non-acclimated and acclimated states, respectively, compared with untransformed M.26 trees. This is the first instance that constitutive overexpression of a CBF gene has resulted in SD-induction of dormancy and to our knowledge the first time apple has been shown to strongly respond to short daylength as a result of the insertion of a transgene. C1 [Wisniewski, Michael; Norelli, John; Bassett, Carole; Artlip, Timothy; Macarisin, Dumitru] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Wisniewski, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov NR 63 TC 65 Z9 77 U1 7 U2 62 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 EI 1432-2048 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD MAY PY 2011 VL 233 IS 5 BP 971 EP 983 DI 10.1007/s00425-011-1358-3 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 749CP UT WOS:000289440000011 PM 21274560 ER PT J AU Vinje, MA Willis, DK Duke, SH Henson, CA AF Vinje, Marcus A. Willis, David K. Duke, Stanley H. Henson, Cynthia A. TI Differential expression of two beta-amylase genes (Bmy1 and Bmy2) in developing and mature barley grain SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Grain development; RT-qPCR; Malting ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; AMYLOLYTIC ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; SEED DEVELOPMENT; HORDEUM-VULGARE; ALPHA-AMYLASE; MALT QUALITY; THERMOSTABILITY; ALLELES; WHEAT; PCR AB Two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) beta-amylase genes (Bmy1 and Bmy2) were studied during the late maturation phase of grain development in four genotypes. The Bmy1 and Bmy2 DNA and amino acid sequences are extremely similar. The largest sequence differences are in the introns, seventh exon, and 3' UTR. Accumulation of Bmy2 mRNA was examined in developing grain at 17, 19, and 21 days after anthesis (DAA). One genotype, PI 296897, had significantly higher Bmy2 RNA transcript accumulation than the other three genotypes at all developmental stages. All four genotypes had Bmy2 mRNA levels decrease from 17 to 19 DAA, and remain the same from 19 to 21 DAA. Levels of Bmy1 mRNA were twenty thousand to over one hundred thousand times more than Bmy2 mRNA levels in genotypes Legacy, Harrington, and Ashqelon at all developmental stages and PI 296897 at 19 and 21 DAA. PI 296897 had five thousand times more Bmy1 mRNA than Bmy2 mRNA at 17 DAA. However, Bmy2 protein was not found at 17 DAA in any genotype. The presence of Bmy2 was immunologically detected at 19 DAA and was present in greater amounts at 21 DAA. Also, Bmy2 protein was found to be stored in mature grain and localized in the soluble fraction. However, Bmy1 protein was far more prevalent than Bmy2 at all developmental stages in all genotypes. Thus, the vast majority of beta-amylase activity in developing and mature grain can be attributed to endosperm-specific beta-amylase. C1 [Vinje, Marcus A.; Henson, Cynthia A.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Vinje, Marcus A.; Duke, Stanley H.; Henson, Cynthia A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, David K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, David K.] ARS, USDA, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Henson, CA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM Cynthia.Henson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USDA-CREES FX We thank Charles Karpelenia for his excellent technical assistance and Dr. Ron Skadsen for the generous donation of antibodies. Research supported by USDA-ARS and USDA-CREES U.S. Barley Genome Project Special Grant. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other suitable products. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD MAY PY 2011 VL 233 IS 5 BP 1001 EP 1010 DI 10.1007/s00425-011-1348-5 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 749CP UT WOS:000289440000013 PM 21279650 ER PT J AU Auad, ML Richardson, T Orts, WJ Medeiros, ES Mattoso, LHC Mosiewicki, MA Marcovich, NE Aranguren, MI AF Auad, Maria L. Richardson, Tara Orts, William J. Medeiros, Eliton S. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. Mosiewicki, Mirna A. Marcovich, Norma E. Aranguren, Mirta I. TI Polyaniline-modified cellulose nanofibrils as reinforcement of a smart polyurethane SO POLYMER INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE smart materials; nanocomposites; cellulose; polyaniline; shape memory ID SHAPE-MEMORY POLYMER; NANOCOMPOSITES; COMPOSITES AB Segmented polyurethanes exhibiting shape memory properties were modified by the addition of polyaniline (PANI)-coated cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The two-phase structure of the polymer is responsible for the material's ability to 'remember' and autonomously recover its original shape after being deformed in response to an external thermal stimulus. PANI was grown on the surface of the CNFs via in situ polymerization. Modified nanocrystals were added to the segmented polyurethane in concentrations ranging from 0 to 15 wt%. The changes in the material properties associated with the percolation of the coated fibrils appear at higher concentrations than previously observed for non-modified CNFs, which suggests that fibril agglomeration is occurring due to the PANI coating. The shape memory behavior of the composites is maintained at about the same level as that of the unfilled polyurethane only up to 4 wt% of fibrils. At higher concentrations, the rigidity of the nanofibrils as well as their interaction with the hard-segment phase and the increasing difficulty of dispersing them in the polymer collaborate to produce early breakage of the specimens when stretched at temperatures above the melting point of the soft segments. (C) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Mosiewicki, Mirna A.; Marcovich, Norma E.; Aranguren, Mirta I.] Univ Mar del Plata, Inst Mat Sci & Technol INTEMA, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina. [Auad, Maria L.; Richardson, Tara; Mosiewicki, Mirna A.] Auburn Univ, Polymer & Fiber Engn Dept, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Orts, William J.; Medeiros, Eliton S.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Medeiros, Eliton S.] Univ Fed Paraiba, Dept Mat Engn, BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. [Mattoso, Luiz H. C.] Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria, LNNA, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Aranguren, MI (reprint author), Univ Mar del Plata, Inst Mat Sci & Technol INTEMA, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina. EM marangur@fi.mdp.edu.ar RI Medeiros, Eliton/C-5768-2013; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 FU CONICET; ANPCyT; UNMdP in Argentina FX The authors acknowledge the financial support from CONICET, ANPCyT and UNMdP in Argentina. MIA also thanks the Guggenheim Foundation. MLA thanks the Department of Commerce, USA. Finally, thanks are also due to Huntsman Polyurethanes for kindly supplying the shape memory PU; and to FINEP/LNNA and Embrapa/LABEX, Brazil. NR 16 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 5 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0959-8103 J9 POLYM INT JI Polym. Int. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 60 IS 5 BP 743 EP 750 DI 10.1002/pi.3004 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 750AQ UT WOS:000289516300005 ER PT J AU Perez, VG Jacobs, CM Barnes, J Jenkins, MC Kuhlenschmidt, MS Fahey, GC Parsons, CM Pettigrew, JE AF Perez, V. G. Jacobs, C. M. Barnes, J. Jenkins, M. C. Kuhlenschmidt, M. S. Fahey, G. C., Jr. Parsons, C. M. Pettigrew, J. E. TI Effect of corn distillers dried grains with solubles and Eimeria acervulina infection on growth performance and the intestinal microbiota of young chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chick; coccidiosis; dietary fiber; distillers dried grains with solubles; intestinal microbiota ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; AMINO-ACID DIGESTIBILITY; BROILER-CHICKENS; DIETARY FIBER; CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; GROWING PIGS; ABSORPTION; MORPHOLOGY; ECOLOGY; HEALTH AB Chicks were used to determine whether dietary corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) may prevent or ameliorate Eimeria acervulina (EA) infection. The experiment had a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of 3 diets (inclusion of 0, 10, or 20% DDgS) x 2 challenge treatments: inoculation with distilled water or with 10(6) sporulated EA oocysts. Each treatment was replicated with 8 pens of 5 chicks each. Experimental diets were fed from 7 to 21 d of age. Inoculation occurred on d 10 of age, considered postinoculation (PI) d 0. Feed intake and BW were measured on PI d 0, 7, and 14. Excreta samples were collected on PI d 0, 5 to 10, 12, and 14 to detect oocysts. On PI d 14, mucosal samples were collected for the analysis of bacterial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, using the V3 region of bacterial 16S ribosome. The EA challenge reduced (P < 0.001) ADg by 17%, ADFI by 12%, and g: F by 6% from PI d 0 to 7, and by smaller percentages from PI d 7 to 14. Diet and challenge treatments did not interact in the chick performance, so dietary DDgS did not alleviate EA infection. Oocysts in excreta were detected PI only in EA chicks and no dietary effects were found. Cecal bacterial population was changed (P < 0.05) by effect of dietary DDgS and EA infection. The cecal bacterial diversity among chicks within treatments and homogeneity among chicks within treatments were reduced by EA infection (P = 0.02 to 0.001) and increased by feeding 10% DDgS (diet quadratic, P < 0.001). In summary, feeding up to 20% DDgS to young chicks did not prevent or ameliorate EA infection. Changes in cecal microbiota of chicks fed 10% DDgS can be interpreted as beneficial for intestinal health. C1 [Perez, V. G.; Jacobs, C. M.; Barnes, J.; Fahey, G. C., Jr.; Parsons, C. M.; Pettigrew, J. E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Jenkins, M. C.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kuhlenschmidt, M. S.] Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. RP Perez, VG (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, 328 Mumford Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM Victorg.Perez@adm.com OI Kuhlenschmidt, Mark/0000-0003-1196-0763 NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 5 BP 958 EP 964 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01066 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 748RS UT WOS:000289409200002 PM 21489939 ER PT J AU Swaggerty, CL Genovese, KJ He, H Duke, SE Pevzner, IY Kogut, MH AF Swaggerty, C. L. Genovese, K. J. He, H. Duke, S. E. Pevzner, I. Y. Kogut, M. H. TI Broiler breeders with an efficient innate immune response are more resistant to Eimeria tenella SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chicken; coccidiosis; Eimeria tenella; innate immunity ID SUSCEPTIBLE CHICKENS; ANTICOCCIDIAL DRUGS; MAXIMA INFECTION; COCCIDIOSIS; HETEROPHILS; POULTRY; EXPRESSION; LINES AB In previous studies we characterized the innate immune response of 2 parental broiler lines (A and B) and compared their resistance against Salmonella, Enterococcus, and Campylobacter challenges. In all cases, line A was more responsive and more resistant than line B. In the present study, we sought to determine whether this trend was also observed following challenge with the protozoan parasite Eimeria tenella. In 3 separate experiments, 14-d-old chickens from lines A and B were challenged orally with 15 to 50 x 10(3) E. tenella oocysts. Birds were killed 6 d postchallenge and the ceca was removed and scored for lesions and weight gain compared with noninfected controls. Line A birds were more resistant to intestinal pathology as demonstrated by lower lesion scores compared with line B birds. As might be expected, the lower lesion scores in line A chickens were often accompanied by higher weight gain compared with line B chickens, thus reducing potential revenue loss associated with low carcass weights often observed with coccidia-infected birds. The results from this study showed that in addition to having enhanced resistance against bacterial infections, line A chickens were also more resistant to coccidial infections compared with line B birds. Taken together with all of our earlier studies using these lines of birds, an efficient innate immune response protects against a broad range of foodborne and poultry pathogens, including costly coccidial infections. C1 [Swaggerty, C. L.; Genovese, K. J.; He, H.; Duke, S. E.; Kogut, M. H.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Pevzner, I. Y.] Cobb Vantress Inc, Siloam Springs, AR 72761 USA. RP Swaggerty, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM christi.swaggerty@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 5 BP 1014 EP 1019 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01246 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 748RS UT WOS:000289409200011 PM 21489948 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM Lenssen, AW AF Sainju, Upendra M. Lenssen, Andrew W. TI Dryland soil carbon dynamics under alfalfa and durum-forage cropping sequences SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Crop biomass carbon; Cropping sequence; Dryland cropping system; Microbial biomass; Microbial activity; Soil organic carbon ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; LONG-TERM TILLAGE; ORGANIC-MATTER; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; PERENNIAL WEEDS; RHIZOMA PEANUT; SPRING WHEAT; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT AB Forages grown in rotation with or without cereals to sustain dryland soil water content and crop production may influence C dynamics. We evaluated the effect of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) and durum (Triticum turgidum L.)-annual forage cropping sequences on above- (stems + leaves) and belowground (roots) biomass C inputs and dryland soil organic C (SOC), particulate total C (PTC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and potential C mineralization (PCM) at the 0-120 cm depth. Cropping sequences were continuous alfalfa (CA), durum-barley (Hordeum vulgare L) hay (D-B), durum-foxtail millet (Setaria italica L) hay (D-M), durum-Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum L.)/barley mixture hay (D-P/B), and durum-fallow (D-F). The experiment was conducted in a Williams loam (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, Typic Argiustoll) from 2002 to 2005 in eastern Montana, USA. Except in 2003, aboveground biomass yield and C content were lower in CA than in other treatments from 2002 to 2005. Similarly, belowground biomass yield and C content were lower in D-F than in other treatments from 2003 to 2005. In 2005, soil surface residue amount and C content were greater in D-F than in other treatments. The SOC at 0-15 cm was greater in CA than in D-B and D-M. The PTC at 0-15 cm was greater in CA than in other treatments, but varied with treatments at other depths. The PCM at 0-120 cm was greater in CA than in other treatments. The MBC at 30-120 cm was greater in CA and D-P/B than in D-B. The proportion of SOC in PTC, PCM, and MBC at 0-120 cm was greater in CA or D-P/B than in D-B and D-F. Although aboveground biomass C input was lower, greater belowground biomass C and a relatively undisturbed soil condition probably increased C storage at the surface layer and microbial biomass and activity at the surface and subsurface layers under alfalfa than under annual durum-forage sequences. Greater aboveground biomass C and fresh residue accumulation during durum phase, however, increased C storage in the surface residue under durum-fallow than under other cropping sequences. Perennial forages, such as alfalfa, can increase dryland soil C sequestration and biological soil quality by increasing microbial biomass and activity compared with annual cropping systems due to greater belowground biomass C input and continuous root growth. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sainju, Upendra M.; Lenssen, Andrew W.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov RI Yang, Yang/C-7464-2012 FU USDA/CSREES; Department of Entomology, Montana State Univ., Bozeman FX We greatly acknowledge the help provided by Joy Barsotti, Johnny Rieger, and Mark Gaffri for collecting and analyzing soil and root samples and maintaining field plots. We appreciate the Roosevelt and Sheridan County Conservation Districts for providing land to conduct this research. Partial financial support for this project was provided by USDA/CSREES Special Grant "Sustainable Pest Management in Dryland Wheat" and Department of Entomology, Montana State Univ., Bozeman. NR 55 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 113 IS 1 BP 30 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.still.2011.02.002 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 752AL UT WOS:000289659800004 ER PT J AU Howard, EL Whittock, SP Jakse, J Carling, J Matthews, PD Probasco, G Henning, JA Darby, P Cerenak, A Javornik, B Kilian, A Koutoulis, A AF Howard, E. L. Whittock, S. P. Jakse, J. Carling, J. Matthews, P. D. Probasco, G. Henning, J. A. Darby, P. Cerenak, A. Javornik, B. Kilian, A. Koutoulis, A. TI High-throughput genotyping of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) utilising diversity arrays technology (DArT) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; WILD HOPS; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY; MOLECULAR METHODS; NORTH-AMERICAN; CULTIVARS; RAPD; MICROSATELLITE; VARIABILITY AB Implementation of molecular methods in hop (Humulus lupulus L.) breeding is dependent on the availability of sizeable numbers of polymorphic markers and a comprehensive understanding of genetic variation. However, use of molecular marker technology is limited due to expense, time inefficiency, laborious methodology and dependence on DNA sequence information. Diversity arrays technology (DArT) is a high-throughput cost-effective method for the discovery of large numbers of quality polymorphic markers without reliance on DNA sequence information. This study is the first to utilise DArT for hop genotyping, identifying 730 polymorphic markers from 92 hop accessions. The marker quality was high and similar to the quality of DArT markers previously generated for other species; although percentage polymorphism and polymorphism information content (PIC) were lower than in previous studies deploying other marker systems in hop. Genetic relationships in hop illustrated by DArT in this study coincide with knowledge generated using alternate methods. Several statistical analyses separated the hop accessions into genetically differentiated North American and European groupings, with hybrids between the two groups clearly distinguishable. Levels of genetic diversity were similar in the North American and European groups, but higher in the hybrid group. The markers produced from this time and cost-efficient genotyping tool will be a valuable resource for numerous applications in hop breeding and genetics studies, such as mapping, marker-assisted selection, genetic identity testing, guidance in the maintenance of genetic diversity and the directed breeding of superior cultivars. C1 [Howard, E. L.; Whittock, S. P.; Koutoulis, A.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Plant Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Jakse, J.; Javornik, B.] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Agron, Ctr Plant Biotechnol & Breeding, Biotech Fac, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Carling, J.; Kilian, A.] Divers Arrays Technol Pty Ltd, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia. [Matthews, P. D.] SS Steiner Inc, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Probasco, G.] John I Haas Inc, Yakima, WA 98907 USA. [Henning, J. A.] ARS, Hop Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Darby, P.] Wye Hops Ltd, China Farm, Harbledown, Canterbury CT2 9AR, Kent, England. [Cerenak, A.] Slovenian Inst Hop Res & Brewing, Zhalec 3310, Slovenia. [Whittock, S. P.] Hop Prod Australia, Bellerive, Tas 7001, Australia. RP Koutoulis, A (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Sch Plant Sci, Private Bag 55, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. EM Anthony.Koutoulis@utas.edu.au OI Jakse, Jernej/0000-0002-8907-1627 FU Horticulture Australia Limited [OT04003, HP08002]; Hop Products Australia; John I. Haas Inc.; S.S. Steiner Inc. FX This work has been conducted with support from Horticulture Australia Limited (project numbers OT04003 and HP08002), Hop Products Australia, S.S. Steiner Inc. and John I. Haas Inc. The authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Grey Leggett who was the Hop Breeder with Hop Products Australia between 1988 and 2006. Thanks also go to Kim Hummer (NCGR Corvalis) for providing assistance with source accession details. NR 71 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 122 IS 7 BP 1265 EP 1280 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1529-4 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 749OQ UT WOS:000289478500002 PM 21243330 ER PT J AU Saha, S Wu, J Jenkins, JN McCarty, JC Hayes, R Stelly, DM AF Saha, S. Wu, J. Jenkins, J. N. McCarty, J. C. Hayes, R. Stelly, D. M. TI Delineation of interspecific epistasis on fiber quality traits in Gossypium hirsutum by ADAA analysis of intermated G. barbadense chromosome substitution lines SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID UPLAND COTTON CULTIVARS; YIELD COMPONENTS; QTL ANALYSIS; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; GERMPLASM LINES; VARIANCE; MAP; INTROGRESSION; REGISTRATION; ORGANIZATION AB Genetic diversity is the foundation of any crop improvement program, but the most cultivated Upland cotton [Gossypium hirsutum L., 2n = 52, genomic formula 2(AD)(1)] has a very narrow gene pool resulting from its evolutionary origin and domestication history. Cultivars of this cotton species (G. hirsutum L.) are prized for their combination of exceptional yield, other agronomic traits, and good fiber properties, whereas the other cultivated 52-chromosome species, G. barbadense L. [2n = 52, genomic formula 2(AD)(2)], is widely regarded as having the opposite attributes. It has exceptionally good fiber qualities, but generally lower yield and less desirable agronomic traits. Breeders have long aspired to combine the best attributes of G. hirsutum and G. barbadense, but have had limited success. F-1 hybrids are readily created and largely fertile, so the limited success may be due to cryptic biological and technical challenges associated with the conventional methods of interspecific introgression. We have developed a complementary alternative approach for introgression based on chromosome substitution line, followed by increasingly sophisticated genetic analyses of chromosome-derived families to describe the inheritance and breeding values of the chromosome substitution lines. Here, we analyze fiber quality traits of progeny families from a partial diallel crossing scheme among selected chromosome substitution lines (CS-B lines). The results provide a more detailed and precise QTL dissection of fiber traits, and an opportunity to examine allelic interaction effects between two substituted chromosomes versus one substituted chromosome. This approach creates new germplasm based on pair wise combinations of quasi-isogenic chromosome substitutions. The relative genetic simplicity of two-chromosome interactions departs significantly from complex or RIL-based populations, in which huge numbers of loci are segregating in all 26 chromosome pairs. Data were analyzed according to the ADAA genetic model, which revealed significant additive, dominance, and additive-by-additive epistasis effects on all of the fiber quality traits associated with the substituted chromosome or chromosome arm of CS-B lines. Fiber of line 3-79, the donor parent for the substituted chromosomes, had the highest Upper Half Mean length (UHM), uniformity ratio, strength, elongation, and lowest micronaire among all parents and hybrids. CS-B16 and CS-B25 had significant additive effects for all fiber traits. Assuming a uniform genetic background of the CS-B lines, the comparative analysis of the double-heterozygous hybrid combinations (CS-B x CS-B) versus their respective single heterozygous combinations (CS-B x TM-1) demonstrated that interspecific epistatic effects between the genes in the chromosomes played a major role in most of the fiber quality traits. Results showed that fiber of several hybrids including CS-B16 x CS-B22Lo, CS-B16 x CS-B25 and CS-B16 x TM-1 had significantly greater dominance effects for elongation and hybrid CS-B16 x CS-B17 had higher fiber strength than their parental lines. Multiple antagonistic genetic effects were also present for fiber quality traits associated with most of the substituted chromosomes and chromosome arms. Results from this study highlight the vital importance of epistasis in fiber quality traits and detected novel effects of some cryptic beneficial alleles affecting fiber quality on the 3-79 chromosomes, whose effects were not detected in the 3-79 parental lines. C1 [Saha, S.; Jenkins, J. N.; McCarty, J. C.; Hayes, R.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wu, J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wu, J.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Stelly, D. M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Saha, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, 810 Highway 12 E, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Sukumar.saha@ars.usda.gov RI Wu, Jixiang/C-4084-2009; OI Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119 FU Cotton Inc.; Texas State Support Committee; Texas Dept. Agriculture Food Fiber FX We thank Ms. Lillie Hendrix for helping in field research. We acknowledge partial support from the following sources: Cotton Inc., Texas State Support Committee, and Texas Dept. Agriculture Food & Fiber Research Grant Program. Joint publication of USDA/ARS, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, and Texas A & M University. Approved for publication as Journal Article No. J-11897 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 122 IS 7 BP 1351 EP 1361 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1536-5 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 749OQ UT WOS:000289478500009 PM 21301803 ER PT J AU Cistue, L Cuesta-Marcos, A Chao, S Echavarri, B Chutimanitsakun, Y Corey, A Filichkina, T Garcia-Marino, N Romagosa, I Hayes, PM AF Cistue, L. Cuesta-Marcos, A. Chao, S. Echavarri, B. Chutimanitsakun, Y. Corey, A. Filichkina, T. Garcia-Marino, N. Romagosa, I. Hayes, P. M. TI Comparative mapping of the Oregon Wolfe Barley using doubled haploid lines derived from female and male gametes SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; SEGREGATION DISTORTION; ANTHER-CULTURE; MAIZE POLLINATION; AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE; MOLECULAR MARKERS; SEMIDWARF GENE; CONSENSUS MAP; STRIPE RUST AB The Oregon Wolfe Barley mapping population is a resource for genetics research and instruction. Prior reports are based on a population of doubled haploid (DH) lines developed by the Hordeum bulbosum (H.b.) method, which samples female gametes. We developed new DH lines from the same cross using anther culture (A.C.), which samples male gametes. Linkage maps were generated in each of the two subpopulations using the same 1,328 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. The linkage maps based on DH lines derived from the products of megasporogeneis and microsporogenesis revealed minor differences in terms of estimated recombination rates. There were no differences in locus ordering. There was greater segregation distortion in the A.C.-derived subpopulation than in the H.b.-derived subpopulation, but in the region showing the greatest distortion, the cause was more likely allelic variation at the ZEO1 plant height locus rather than to DH production method. The effects of segregation distortion and pleiotropy had greater impacts on estimates of quantitative trait locus effect than population size for reproductive fitness traits assayed under greenhouse conditions. The Oregon Wolfe Barley (OWB) population and data are community resources. Seed is available from three distribution centers located in North America, Europe, and Asia. Details on ordering seed sets, as well as complete genotype and phenotype data files, are available at http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/maps/OWB/. C1 [Cistue, L.; Cuesta-Marcos, A.; Chutimanitsakun, Y.; Corey, A.; Filichkina, T.; Garcia-Marino, N.; Hayes, P. M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cistue, L.; Echavarri, B.; Garcia-Marino, N.] CSIC, Dept Genet & Prod Vegetal, Estn Expt Aula Dei, Zaragoza 50059, Spain. [Chao, S.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Romagosa, I.] Univ Lleida, Ctr UdL IRTA, Lleida 25198, Spain. RP Cistue, L (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM lcistue@eead.csic.es RI Romagosa, Ignacio/A-8701-2011; Echavarri, Begona/B-5525-2015; Cistue, Luis/B-2574-2015 OI Romagosa, Ignacio/0000-0001-6676-2196; Echavarri, Begona/0000-0002-8999-4042; Cistue, Luis/0000-0001-7970-8703 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AGL2005-07195-C02-01, AGL2008-05541-C02-01]; Oregon State University; USDA-CSREES-NRI [2006-55606-16722] FX L. Cistue was recipient of a Senior Research Fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation during his time with the Oregon State University Barley Project and his research was financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation thought the National Plan Projects AGL2005-07195-C02-01 and AGL2008-05541-C02-01. Alfonso Cuesta-Marcos was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN). The BOPA SNPs were developed under the auspices of USDA-CSREES-NRI Grant No 2006-55606-16722 "Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery and Barley Improvement''. This paper is dedicated to Dr. Bob Wolfe, whose vision and persistence led to the development of the Wolfe dominant and recessive marker stocks. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 122 IS 7 BP 1399 EP 1410 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1540-9 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 749OQ UT WOS:000289478500013 PM 21311855 ER PT J AU Huber-Humer, M Kjeldsen, P Spokas, KA AF Huber-Humer, Marion Kjeldsen, Peter Spokas, Kurt A. TI Special issue on landfill gas emission and mitigation SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Huber-Humer, Marion] BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Waste Management, Vienna, Austria. [Kjeldsen, Peter] Tech Univ Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark. [Spokas, Kurt A.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. RP Huber-Humer, M (reprint author), BOKU Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Waste Management, Vienna, Austria. EM marion.huber-humer@boku.ac.at; pekj@env.dtu.dk; kurt.spokas@ars.usda.gov RI Kjeldsen, Peter /C-2073-2015; Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Kjeldsen, Peter /0000-0003-2738-9960; Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 4 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 31 IS 5 SI SI BP 821 EP 822 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.011 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 747NW UT WOS:000289327700001 PM 21376560 ER PT J AU Spokas, KA Bogner, JE AF Spokas, Kurt A. Bogner, Jean E. TI Limits and dynamics of methane oxidation in landfill cover soils SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FOREST SOIL; METHANOTROPHIC ACTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; CONSUMPTION; EMISSIONS; BACTERIA; RESPONSES AB In order to understand the limits and dynamics of methane (CH4) oxidation in landfill cover soils, we investigated CH4 oxidation in daily, intermediate, and final cover soils from two California landfills as a function of temperature, soil moisture and CO2 concentration. The results indicate a significant difference between the observed soil CH4 oxidation at field sampled conditions compared to optimum conditions achieved through pre-incubation (60 days) in the presence of CH4 (50 ml l(-1)) and soil moisture optimization. This pre-incubation period normalized CH4 oxidation rates to within the same order of magnitude (112-644 mu g CH4 g(-1) day(-1)) for all the cover soils samples examined, as opposed to the four orders of magnitude variation in the soil CH4 oxidation rates without this pre-incubation (0.9-277 mu g CH4 g(-1) day(-1)). Using pre-incubated soils, a minimum soil moisture potential threshold for CH4 oxidation activity was estimated at 1500 kPa, which is the soil wilting point. From the laboratory incubations, 50% of the oxidation capacity was inhibited at soil moisture potential drier than 700 kPa and optimum oxidation activity was typical observed at 50 kPa, which is just slightly drier than field capacity (33 kPa). At the extreme temperatures for CH4 oxidation activity, this minimum moisture potential threshold decreased (300 kPa for temperatures < 5 degrees C and 50 kPa for temperatures > 40 degrees C), indicating the requirement for more easily available soil water. However, oxidation rates at these extreme temperatures were less than 10% of the rate observed at more optimum temperatures (similar to 30 degrees C). For temperatures from 5 to 40 degrees C, the rate of CH4 oxidation was not limited by moisture potentials between 0 (saturated) and 50 kPa. The use of soil moisture potential normalizes soil variability (e.g. soil texture and organic matter content) with respect to the effect of soil moisture on methanotroph activity. The results of this study indicate that the wilting point is the lower moisture threshold for CH4 oxidation activity and optimum moisture potential is close to field capacity. No inhibitory effects of elevated CO2 soil gas concentrations were observed on CH4 oxidation rates. However, significant differences were observed for diurnal temperature fluctuations compared to thermally equivalent daily isothermal incubations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Spokas, Kurt A.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Spokas, Kurt A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bogner, Jean E.] Landfills Inc, Wheaton, IL USA. [Bogner, Jean E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL USA. RP Spokas, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1991 Upper Buford Circle,439 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kurt.spokas@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU California Energy Commission FX This Project was supported by the California Energy Commission through the Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program (G. Franco, Program Manager). The Project participants also gratefully acknowledge the support of many individuals at the California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB), the Air Resources Board (ARB), Monterey Regional Waste Management District and the Los Angeles County Sanitation District who are generously sharing their time, providing critical reviews, and facilitating data needs for this project. The authors also wish to thank the following individuals for their exceptional technical assistance: Martin duSaire, Nancy Barbour, Dean Peterson, Chad Rollofson, Tia Phan, Lindsay Watson, Lianne Endo, Kia Young, Mai Song Yang and David Hamrum. NR 44 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 42 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 31 IS 5 SI SI BP 823 EP 832 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.12.018 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 747NW UT WOS:000289327700002 PM 20096554 ER PT J AU Chanton, J Abichou, T Langford, C Spokas, K Hater, G Green, R Goldsmith, D Barlaz, MA AF Chanton, Jeffrey Abichou, Tarek Langford, Claire Spokas, Kurt Hater, Gary Green, Roger Goldsmith, Doug Barlaz, Morton A. TI Observations on the methane oxidation capacity of landfill soils SO WASTE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID NONMETHANE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE COVER; GAS EMISSIONS; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; ISOTOPE TECHNIQUE; MASS-BALANCE; ATTENUATION; MITIGATION; SYSTEMS; TEMPERATURE AB The objective of this study was to determine the role of CH4 loading to a landfill cover in the control of CH4 oxidation rate (g CH4 m(-2) d(-1)) and CH4 oxidation efficiency (% CH4 oxidation) in a field setting. Specifically, we wanted to assess how much CH4 a cover soil could handle. To achieve this objective we conducted synoptic measurements of landfill CH4 emission and CH4 oxidation in a single season at two Southeastern USA landfills. We hypothesized that percent oxidation would be greatest at sites of low CH4 emission and would decrease as CH4 emission rates increased. The trends in the experimental results were then compared to the predictions of two differing numerical models designed to simulate gas transport in landfill covers, one by modeling transport by diffusion only and the second allowing both advection and diffusion. In both field measurements and in modeling, we found that percent oxidation is a decreasing exponential function of the total CH4 flux rate (CH4 loading) into the cover. When CH4 is supplied, a cover's rate of CH4 uptake (g CH4 m(-2) d(-2)) is linear to a point, after which the system becomes saturated. Both field data and modeling results indicate that percent oxidation should not be considered as a constant value. Percent oxidation is a changing quantity and is a function of cover type, climatic conditions and CH4 loading to the bottom of the cover. The data indicate that an effective way to increase the % oxidation of a landfill cover is to limit the amount of CH4 delivered to it. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chanton, Jeffrey; Langford, Claire] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Abichou, Tarek] FAMU FSU Coll Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Spokas, Kurt] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. [Hater, Gary; Green, Roger] Waste Management Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45211 USA. [Goldsmith, Doug] Alternat Nat Technol Inc, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Barlaz, Morton A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Eng, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Chanton, J (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM jchanton@mailer.fsu.edu RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU Waste Management, Inc. FX This work was supported by Waste Management, Inc. NR 71 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-053X J9 WASTE MANAGE JI Waste Manage. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 31 IS 5 SI SI BP 914 EP 925 DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.08.028 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 747NW UT WOS:000289327700011 PM 20889326 ER PT J AU Moore, MT Kroger, R AF Moore, M. T. Kroeger, Robert TI Evaluating Plant Species-Specific Contributions to Nutrient Mitigation in Drainage Ditch Mesocosms SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Best management practice; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Vegetation ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; WETLAND TREATMENT SYSTEMS; FRESH-WATER WETLAND; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; HYDROLOGICAL VARIABILITY; NITROGEN REMOVAL; DENITRIFICATION; PHOSPHORUS; QUALITY; VEGETATION AB Eutrophication of surface water bodies is a worldwide concern. In the USA alone, excessive nutrients are blamed for nearly 5,700 impairments of surface water bodies. Innovative measures, such as maximizing drainage ditch nutrient retention, are being examined to decrease the amount of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) running off agricultural lands and into aquatic receiving systems. The goal of this experiment was to measure the nutrient mitigation ability of six aquatic plants typically found in agricultural drainage ditches in the lower Mississippi River Basin. Experimental mesocosms (1.25 x 0.6 x 0.8 m) were filled with sediment and planted with monocultures of one of six obligate wetland plant species (Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail), Panicum hemitomon (maidencane), Thalia dealbata (powdery alligator-flag), Echinodorus cordifolia (creeping burhead), Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil), and Saururus cernuus (lizard's tail)), while three replicates were left non-vegetated to serve as controls. Mesocosms were amended with 5 mg L-1 (each) of nitrate, ammonia, dissolved inorganic phosphorus, and total inorganic phosphorus, while nitrite amendments (1 mg L-1) were also made over a 4-h hydraulic retention time. Following the 4-h exposure, "clean" (non-amended) water was flushed through mesocosms for an additional 8 h to assess residual leaching of nutrients. Outflow water concentrations and loads decreased for all examined forms of N and P. In certain cases, there were significant differences between plant species; however, for the majority, there was no statistical difference in percent decrease between plant species. While native aquatic vegetation shows promise for mitigation of nutrient runoff, further studies altering the hydraulic retention time for improved efficiency should be conducted. C1 [Moore, M. T.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Kroeger, Robert] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Moore, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Water Qual & Ecol Res Unit, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM matt.moore@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 217 IS 1-4 BP 445 EP 454 DI 10.1007/s11270-010-0599-2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 750PR UT WOS:000289561000037 ER PT J AU Loughrin, JH Quintanar, AI Lovanh, NC Mahmood, R AF Loughrin, John H. Quintanar, Arturo I. Lovanh, Nanh C. Mahmood, Rezaul TI Heat Flux Measurements and Modeling of Malodorous Compounds above an Anaerobic Swine Lagoon SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE p-cresol; p-ethylphenol; Evaporation; Heat flux; Lagoon; Malodor ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; NORTH-CAROLINA; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; NUTRIENT SOURCES; WASTE LAGOON; EVAPORATION; AMMONIA; MANURE; ODOR; EUTROPHICATION AB The concentration of p-cresol and p-ethylphenol, two malodorants typical of swine waste, were measured at 0.5 and 1.5 m above a waste treatment lagoon during two separate campaigns encompassing late winter through early spring and late spring through early summer. Concomitant collection of air temperatures, humidities, insolation, and wind speeds, as well as water column temperatures were done so that heat fluxes could be computed using an energy budget method and Bowen ratio estimates. The empirical model that was found to correlate best with variations in malodorant concentrations and gradients above the lagoon had the terms describing evaporation from the lagoon surface and net available energy at the lagoon surface. Emissions were found to be much higher during the cool season than the warm season. This was despite much higher evaporation rates during the warm season. This could be explained by much lower lagoon concentrations of the malodorants in the warm season than in the cool season. Results of this work are being used to determine appropriate models to estimate malodorant emissions from lagoons and devise techniques for the abatement of nuisance emissions. C1 [Loughrin, John H.; Lovanh, Nanh C.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Meteorol Program, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Quintanar, Arturo I.; Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Geog & Geol, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Kentucky Climate Ctr, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Loughrin, JH (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM john.loughrin@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-6445-6-068]; National Science Foundation-EPSCoR FX We thank Joe St. Claire and Marty Haley (USDA-ARS) for technical assistance. We thank Mike Grogan and Andrew Quilligan of the Kentucky Climate Center for their technical assistance. We also thank Xingang Fan and Ronnie Leeper for their comments and suggestions related to preparation of the manuscript. This research was part of United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service National Program 206: Manure and By-product Utilization. Additional funding was obtained through a United States Department of Agriculture grant #58-6445-6-068. This research also benefited from National Science Foundation-EPSCoR funding. Mention of a trademark or product anywhere in this article is to describe experimental procedures and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 217 IS 1-4 BP 463 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s11270-010-0601-z PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 750PR UT WOS:000289561000039 ER PT J AU Volkova, VV Wills, RW Hubbard, SA Magee, DL Byrd, JA Bailey, RH AF Volkova, V. V. Wills, R. W. Hubbard, S. A. Magee, D. L. Byrd, J. A. Bailey, R. H. TI Risk Factors Associated with Detection of Salmonella in Broiler Litter at the Time of New Flock Placement SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; broiler; litter; food safety; epidemiology; risk factor analysis ID CHICKEN FLOCKS; WATER ACTIVITY; ENTERICA; INFECTION; CONTAMINATION; TYPHIMURIUM; PERSISTENCE; PREVALENCE; SAMPLES; HOUSES AB In this study, we investigated risk factors associated with the probability to detect Salmonella in samples of litter collected within 2 h prior to new flock placement in 76 grow-out houses on 38 conventional broiler farms located in the US states of Mississippi, Alabama and Texas. We evaluated characteristics of location and layout of the farm; area adjacent to and surrounding the house; house construction; condition and type of equipment in the house; litter management and other production, sanitation, visitation and biosecurity practices; non-broiler animal species on the farm; and weather conditions on the 3 days leading up to flock placement. Logistic regression was used to model the relationships between probability to detect Salmonella in litter and potential risk factors. In the screening process, each risk factor was evaluated as a single fixed effects factor in a multilevel model that accounted for variability among the sampled farms and their production complexes and companies. Of almost 370 risk factors screened, 24 were associated with the probability to detect Salmonella in litter. These were characteristics of the surroundings of the house, house construction and conditions, litter management, length of downtimes between flocks in the house, biosecurity and farm location. After investigation of collinearity between these variables and building of models for important risk factor categories, the list of candidate variables for the final model was refined to eight factors. The final model demonstrated that a higher probability of detecting Salmonella in litter was strongly associated with the use of wood to construct the base of the walls or to cover the inside of the broiler house foundation, and with the use of fresh wood shavings to top-dress or completely replace the litter between flocks. C1 [Wills, R. W.; Hubbard, S. A.; Magee, D. L.; Bailey, R. H.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Mississippi State, MS 39769 USA. [Volkova, V. V.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Infect Dis, Epidemiol Grp, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Byrd, J. A.] ARS, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. RP Bailey, RH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, 240 Wise Ctr Dr,POB 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39769 USA. EM rhbailey@cvm.msstate.edu RI Tast Lahti, Elina/R-8664-2016 FU USDA [NRICGP 32.1, 2002-02235] FX This work was funded by the Epidemiological Approaches for Food Safety, USDA NRICGP 32.1, 2002-02235. We thank Dr Michael Rybolt, Dr Karen Dazo-Galarneau, Ms Terry Doler and Ms Mary Ann Ballard for laboratory and logistics support of the project. We thank Dr Charles Wax and Ashley McDonald, Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University for providing SAO records. We thank Dr Richard Minnis, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State University, for his advice on the research into population ecology of rodents. VVV is thankful to Dr Martin Miller for reading through the paper and helpful discussions. We appreciate collaboration of the participating poultry companies and thank the farmers for dedicating time to complete the questionnaires. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 58 IS 3 BP 158 EP 168 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01323.x PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 746QP UT WOS:000289262100002 PM 20202186 ER PT J AU Shwiff, SA Nunan, CP Kirkpatrick, KN Shwiff, SS AF Shwiff, S. A. Nunan, C. P. Kirkpatrick, K. N. Shwiff, S. S. TI A Retrospective Economic Analysis of the Ontario Red Fox Oral Rabies Vaccination Programme SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Canada; rabies; economics; cost-benefit analysis; rabies vaccine; foxes Vulpes ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; BENEFITS; COSTS AB P>Ontario initiated a red fox (Vulpes vulpes) oral rabies vaccination (ORV) programme in 1989. This study utilized a benefit-cost analysis to determine if this ORV programme was economically worthwhile. Between 1979 and 1989, prior to ORV baiting, the average annual human post-exposure treatments, positive red fox rabies diagnostic tests and indemnity payments for livestock lost to rabies were 2248, 1861 and $246 809, respectively. After baiting, from 1990 to 2000, a 35%, 66% and 41% decrease in post-exposure treatments, animal rabies tests and indemnity payments was observed, respectively. These reductions were viewed as benefits of the ORV programme, whereas total costs were those associated with ORV baiting. Multiple techniques were used to estimate four different benefit streams and the total estimated benefits ranged from $35 486 316 to $98 413 217. The annual mean ORV programme cost was $6 447 720, with total programme costs of $77 372 637. The average benefit-cost ratios over the analysis period were .49, 1.06, 1.27 and 1.36, indicating overall programme efficiency in three of the four conservative scenarios. C1 [Shwiff, S. A.; Kirkpatrick, K. N.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Nunan, C. P.] Trent Univ, Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Wildlife Res & Dev Sect, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Shwiff, S. S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Accounting Econ & Finance, Commerce, TX USA. RP Shwiff, SA (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM stephanie.a.shwiff@aphis.usda.gov NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 58 IS 3 BP 169 EP 177 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2010.01335.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 746QP UT WOS:000289262100003 PM 20819201 ER PT J AU Ulyshen, MD AF Ulyshen, Michael D. TI Arthropod vertical stratification in temperate deciduous forests: Implications for conservation-oriented management SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Biodiversity; Broadleaved deciduous forests; Canopy; Height; Invertebrates; Spatial distribution ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; ADULT MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; GREAT-LAKES REGION; SAPROXYLIC BEETLES; UNITED-STATES; CULEX-PIPIENS; DEAD WOOD; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; LEAF DOMATIA; NEW-YORK AB Studies on the vertical distribution patterns of arthropods in temperate deciduous forests reveal highly stratified (i.e., unevenly vertically distributed) communities. These patterns are determined by multiple factors acting simultaneously, including: (1) time (forest age, season, time of day); (2) forest structure (height, vertical foliage complexity, plant surface textures, tree cavities); (3) plant community composition (plant diversity, invasive species); (4) climatic gradients (light exposure, temperature, wind speed, humidity): (5) resource availability (foliage, sugars, wood, epiphytes, carrion, dung, prey, hosts, mates); (6) inter-specific interactions (predation, interference, competition) and (7) logistics (dispersal abilities, proximity to emergence sites, open flight zones). Several recommendations can be made with respect to incorporating canopy habitats and resources into management plans in order to maintain diverse forest arthropod communities. Efforts should be made to maintain diverse plant communities, for instance, including eliminating or controlling invasive plant competitors. Protecting large diameter trees and snags is also important, especially for a wide variety of canopy arthropod taxa associated with standing or suspended dead wood, tree cavities and epiphytes. Finally, it is essential to ensure adequate spatial and temporal continuity in the availability of these and other key resources. Although how to best achieve this last objective remains an active area of research, it may be preferable to retain clusters of trees as opposed to isolated individuals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Ulyshen, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM mulyshen@fs.fed.us NR 228 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 11 U2 87 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 261 IS 9 BP 1479 EP 1489 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.01.033 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 745AN UT WOS:000289136400002 ER PT J AU Halman, JM Schaberg, PG Hawley, GJ Hansen, CF AF Halman, Joshua M. Schaberg, Paul G. Hawley, Gary J. Hansen, Christopher F. TI Potential role of soil calcium in recovery of paper birch following ice storm injury in Vermont, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Birch decline; Dendroecology; Tree growth; Crown vigor ID BROOK-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; SIMULATED WINTER THAW; YELLOW BIRCH; SUGAR MAPLE; RED SPRUCE; BETULA-ALLEGHANIENSIS; ALLEGHENY PLATEAU; ACER-SACCHARUM; GROWTH; ALUMINUM AB In recent years, an increased number of mature paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and heart-leafed paper birch (B. papyrifera var. cordifolia (Regel) Fern.) in northeastern United States forests have exhibited decline symptoms including foliar loss, reduced fine branching, and tree mortality. We assessed crown health, radial growth, and available soil cations in 2006 as a preliminary assessment of factors that may be influencing paper birch decline. Tree rings began to decrease in width in 1998 the year of a severe region-wide ice storm. All trees (regardless of their current decline status) experienced reduced growth starting in 1998 and tree growth continued to decrease for two years following the ice storm. After this generalized growth decrease, trees that now have vigorous crowns showed a marked increase in growth, whereas trees that now have low crown vigor did not rebound in growth, but instead exhibited a significantly higher incidence of locally absent annual rings. Extractable soil-aluminum (Al). a phytotoxic element mobilized by acid deposition, was significantly higher in soils associated with declining trees compared to those adjacent to vigorous trees. Higher soil calcium (Ca) availability was associated with both vigorous crowns and increased radial growth following the 1998 ice storm. Furthermore, increased soil Ca availability was negatively correlated to the percentage of declining trees, and positively related to increased radial growth, whereas elevation was not significantly associated with either parameter. Although previously overlooked as a factor influencing paper birch recovery from injury, we found that available soil Ca was linked to crown vigor and rebounds in growth following an inciting event. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Halman, Joshua M.; Hawley, Gary J.; Hansen, Christopher F.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Halman, JM (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM Joshua.Halman@uvm.edu FU USDA Forest Service; USDA CSREES; US EPA FX We are grateful to Homer Elliott and John Bennink for their help with field assessments. We also thank Dr.'s Kimberly Wallin, Shelly Rayback, Don Ross, Kevin Smith, John Battles and three anonymous reviewers who provided critical and helpful feedback on an earlier version of this manuscript. We further thank the USDA Forest Service, the USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program, and the US EPA for their financial support of this work. We are also grateful to the Green Mountain National Forest and the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks and Recreation for access to field sites. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 261 IS 9 BP 1539 EP 1545 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.01.045 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 745AN UT WOS:000289136400008 ER PT J AU Joseph, MB Piovia-Scott, J Lawler, SP Pope, KL AF Joseph, Maxwell B. Piovia-Scott, Jonah Lawler, Sharon P. Pope, Karen L. TI Indirect effects of introduced trout on Cascades frogs (Rana cascadae) via shared aquatic prey SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aquatic macroinvertebrates; competition; introduced trout; Rana cascadae; restoration ID LENGTH-MASS RELATIONSHIPS; FOOD WEBS; EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATIONS; AMPHIBIAN DECLINES; FISH INTRODUCTIONS; TERRESTRIAL PREY; NONNATIVE FISH; CALIFORNIA; SUBSIDIES; LAKE AB P>1. The introduction of trout to montane lakes has negatively affected amphibian populations across the western United States. In northern California's Klamath-Siskiyou Mountains, introduced trout have diminished the distribution and abundance of a native ranid frog, Rana (=Lithobates) cascadae. This is primarily thought to be the result of predation on frog larvae. However, if trout feed on larval aquatic insects that are available to R. cascadae only after emergence, then resource competition may also affect this declining native amphibian. 2. Stomach contents of R. cascadae were compared between lakes that contained trout and those from which introduced trout were removed. Total prey mass in stomach contents relative to frog body mass was not significantly different between lakes with fish and fish-removal lakes, but in the former R. cascadae consumed a smaller proportion of adult aquatic insects. The stomach contents of fish included larvae of aquatic insects that are, as adults, eaten by R. cascadae. 3. Rana cascadae consumed fewer caddisflies (Trichoptera) and more grasshoppers (Orthoptera) at lakes with higher densities of fish. At lakes with greater aquatic habitat complexity, R. cascadae consumed more water striders (Hemiptera: Gerridae) and terrestrial spiders (Araneae). 4. We suggest that reductions in the availability of emerging aquatic insects cause R. cascadae to consume more terrestrial prey where trout are present. Thus, introduced trout may influence native amphibians directly through predation and, indirectly, through pre-emptive resource competition. C1 [Joseph, Maxwell B.; Lawler, Sharon P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Piovia-Scott, Jonah] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pope, Karen L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA USA. RP Joseph, MB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Campus Box 334, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM maxwell.b.joseph@colorado.edu FU CDFG; National Science Foundation [DEB 0415505] FX We thank Monty Larson for his willingness to share his knowledge of stomach content sampling methods. In addition, we thank Jacob Handwerker and Stephanie Porter for their collecting efforts in the field. Two anonymous reviewers and A. Hildrew provided valuable and insightful feedback that strengthened this article. We also thank CDFG for permitting and funding this study. Finally, we thank the National Science Foundation (DEB 0415505 to Sharon Lawler, University of California Davis), which also funded this project. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 56 IS 5 BP 828 EP 838 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02529.x PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 745NF UT WOS:000289171400003 ER PT J AU Ramadan, MM Murai, KT Johnson, T AF Ramadan, M. M. Murai, K. T. Johnson, T. TI Host range of Secusio extensa (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), and potential for biological control of Senecio madagascariensis (Asteraceae) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Host range; Secusio extensa; Senecio madagascariensis ID CHEMICAL DEFENSE; PYRROLIZIDINE; ALKALOIDS; AGENTS; WEEDS; MOTH AB Secusio extensa (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) was evaluated as a potential biological control agent for Madagascar fireweed, Senecio madagascariensis (Asteraceae), which has invaded over 400 000 acres of rangeland in the Hawaiian Islands and is toxic to cattle and horses. The moth was introduced from southeastern Madagascar into containment facilities in Hawaii, and host specificity tests were conducted on 71 endemic and naturalized species (52 genera) in 12 tribes of Asteraceae and 17 species of non-Asteraceae including six native shrubs and trees considered key components of Hawaiian ecosystems. No-choice feeding tests indicated that plant species of the tribe Senecioneae were suitable hosts with first instars completing development to adult stage on S. madagascariensis (78.3%), Delairea odorata (66.1%), Senecio vulgaris (57.1%), Crassocephalum crepidioides (41.2%), and at significantly lower rates on Emilia fosbergii (1.8%) and Erechtites hieracifolia (1.3%). A low rate of complete larval development also was observed on sunflower, Helianthus annuus (11.6%), in the tribe Heliantheae. However, sunflower was rejected as a potential host in larval-feeding and adult oviposition choice tests involving the primary host S. madagascariensis as control. Although larvae died as first instars on most test species, incomplete development and low levels of feeding were observed on nine species in the tribes Heliantheae, Cardueae and Lactuceae. Larvae did not feed on any non-Asteraceae tested, including species with similar pyrrolizidene alkaloid chemistry, crops, and six ecologically prominent native species. Because all species of Senecioneae are non-native and weedy in Hawaii, these results indicate that S. extensa is sufficiently host-specific for introduction for biological control. High levels of feeding damage observed on potted plants indicate that S. extensa can severely impact the target fireweed as well as D. odorata, a noxious weed in native Hawaiian forests. C1 [Ramadan, M. M.; Murai, K. T.] State Hawaii Dept Agr, Plant Pest Control Branch, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA. [Johnson, T.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Volcano, HI USA. RP Ramadan, MM (reprint author), State Hawaii Dept Agr, Plant Pest Control Branch, 1428 S King St, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA. EM Mohsen.M.Ramadan@hawaii.gov FU Maui County; Hawaii Cattlemen's Association FX M. Ramadan is grateful for research and export permits of fireweed insects issued by the Madagascar Ministry of Agriculture at Antananarivo, Madagascar. The Maui County and the Hawaii Cattlemen's Association have granted funds to the HDOA Exploratory Entomologist to conduct surveys in Africa. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 EI 1439-0418 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 135 IS 4 BP 269 EP 284 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01536.x PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 745JN UT WOS:000289161800004 ER PT J AU Zachariah, JP Pencina, MJ Lyass, A Kaur, G D'Agostino, RB Ordovas, JM Vasan, RS AF Zachariah, Justin P. Pencina, Michael J. Lyass, Asya Kaur, Guneet D'Agostino, Ralph B. Ordovas, Jose M. Vasan, Ramachandran S. TI Circulating plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity and blood pressure tracking in the community SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; CETP; prospective studies ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CETP EXPRESSION; HDL; TORCETRAPIB; FRAMINGHAM; AGE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; INHIBITION; METABOLISM AB Objective Clinical trials using cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors to raise high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations reported an 'off-target' blood pressure (BP) raising effect. We evaluated the relations of baseline plasma CETP activity and longitudinal BP change. Methods and results One thousand, three hundred and seven Framingham Study participants free of cardiovascular disease attending consecutive examinations 4 years apart (mean age 48 years) had baseline plasma CETP activity related to change in BP over the 4-year interval, adjusting for standard risk factors. Systolic BP increased [median +2 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -16, +23 mmHg], whereas diastolic BP decreased (median -3 mmHg, 95% CI -15, +11 mmHg). Plasma CETP activity was not related to change in diastolic BP, but was inversely related to change in systolic BP that was borderline significant (P=0.09). On multivariable analyses, plasma CETP activity was inversely related to change in pulse pressure (PP; beta per SD increment = -0.71 mmHg, P=0.005). When dichotomized at the median, plasma CETP activity above the median was associated with a 1 mmHg lower PP on follow-up (P=0.045). Conclusion Decreasing plasma CETP activity was modestly related to increasing PP on follow-up in our community-based sample, suggesting that inhibition of intrinsic CETP activity itself is likely associated with minimal changes in BP. J Hypertens 29: 863-868 (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 [Zachariah, Justin P.; Pencina, Michael J.; Lyass, Asya; D'Agostino, Ralph B.; Vasan, Ramachandran S.] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Zachariah, Justin P.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Zachariah, Justin P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Pencina, Michael J.; Kaur, Guneet; D'Agostino, Ralph B.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Pencina, Michael J.; Lyass, Asya; Kaur, Guneet; D'Agostino, Ralph B.] Tufts Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Vasan, Ramachandran S.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Prevent Med Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Vasan, Ramachandran S.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Cardiol Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Vasan, RS (reprint author), Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, 73 Mt Wayne Ave, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. EM vasan@bu.edu OI Ramachandran, Vasan/0000-0001-7357-5970 FU National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [N01-HC-25195, T32 HL007572] FX Sources of support: This work was supported through contract N01-HC-25195 and T32 HL007572 (J.P.Z.) from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0263-6352 EI 1473-5598 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 29 IS 5 BP 863 EP 868 DI 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283450223 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 746VU UT WOS:000289276600009 PM 21430561 ER PT J AU Stephensen, CB Armstrong, P Newman, JW Pedersen, TL Legault, J Schuster, GU Kelley, D Vikman, S Hartiala, J Nassir, R Seldin, MF Allayee, H AF Stephensen, Charles B. Armstrong, Patrice Newman, John W. Pedersen, Theresa L. Legault, Jillian Schuster, Gertrud U. Kelley, Darshan Vikman, Susanna Hartiala, Jaana Nassir, Rami Seldin, Michael F. Allayee, Hooman TI ALOX5 gene variants affect eicosanoid production and response to fish oil supplementation SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE arachidonic acid; eicosanoids; leukotrienes; lipoxygenase; nutrition; omega-3 fatty acids ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PROMOTER GENOTYPE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; 5-LIPOXYGENASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; LEUKOTRIENE A4; RISK AB The objective of this study was to determine whether 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) gene variants associated with cardiovascular disease affect eicosanoid production by monocytes. The study was a randomized, double-masked, parallel intervention trial with fish oil (5.0 g of fish oil daily, containing 2.0 g of eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and 1.0 g of docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) or placebo oil (5.0 g of corn/soy mixture). A total of 116 subjects (68% female, 20-59 years old) of African American ancestry enrolled, and 98 subjects completed the study. Neither ALOX5 protein nor arachidonic acid-derived LTB4, LTD4, and LTE4 varied by genotype, but 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoate (5-HETE), 6-trans LTB4, 5-oxo-ETE, 15-HETE, and 5,15-diHETE levels were higher in subjects homozygous for the ALOX5 promoter allele containing five Sp1 element tandem repeats ("55" genotype) than in subjects with one deletion (d) (three or four repeats) and one common ("d5" genotype) allele or with two deletion ("dd") alleles. The EPA-derived metabolites 5-HEPE and 15-HEPE and the DHA-derived metabolite 17-HDoHE had similar associations with genotype and increased with supplementation; 5-HEPE and 15-HEPE increased, and 5-oxo-ETE decreased to a greater degree in the 55 than in the other genotypes.jlr This differential eicosanoid response is consistent with the previously observed interaction of these variants with dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids in predicting cardiovascular disease risk.-Stephensen, C. B., P. Armstrong, J. W. Newman, T. L. Pedersen, J. Legault, G. U. Schuster, D. Kelley, S. Vikman, J. Hartiala, R. Nassir, M. F. Seldin, and H. Allayee. ALOX5 gene variants affect eicosanoid production and response to fish oil supplementation. J. Lipid Res. 2011. 52: 991-1003. C1 [Stephensen, Charles B.; Armstrong, Patrice; Newman, John W.; Pedersen, Theresa L.; Schuster, Gertrud U.; Kelley, Darshan] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Armstrong, Patrice] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Armstrong, Patrice; Legault, Jillian; Schuster, Gertrud U.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vikman, Susanna; Hartiala, Jaana; Allayee, Hooman] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Vikman, Susanna; Hartiala, Jaana; Allayee, Hooman] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Inst Med Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Stephensen, CB (reprint author), USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM Charles.Stephensen@ars.usda.gov FU National Institutes of Health [HL-079353, AT-003411, P-60MD0222]; US Department of Agriculture [5306-51530-006-00D]; Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation; National Center for Research Resources [RR-10600-01, CA-62528-01, RR-1451401] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants HL-079353 (to H.A.), AT-003411 (to C. B. S.), and P-60MD0222 (to UC Davis Center of Excellence in Nutritional Genomics). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or other granting agencies. Support was also received from US Department of Agriculture Grant CRIS Project 5306-51530-006-00D (to C. B. S.). P. A. was supported through a fellowship award from the Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation. A portion of this work was conducted in a facility constructed with support from the National Institutes of Health Research Facilities Improvement Program (RR-10600-01, CA-62528-01, and RR-1451401) from the National Center for Research Resources. Reference to a company or product name does not imply approval or recommendation of the product by the US Department of Agriculture to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 52 IS 5 BP 991 EP 1003 DI 10.1194/jlr.P012864 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 746XB UT WOS:000289281000013 PM 21296957 ER PT J AU Kluber, LA Smith, JE Myrold, DD AF Kluber, Laurel A. Smith, Jane E. Myrold, David D. TI Distinctive fungal and bacterial communities are associated with mats formed by ectomycorrhizal fungi SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Ectomycorrhizae; NAGase; Forest soil; Piloderma; Ectomycorrhizal mats; Microbial communities ID SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; FIR PSEUDOTSUGA-MENZIESII; DOUGLAS-FIR; FOREST SOILS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; SPECIES RICHNESS; HELPER BACTERIA; OLD-GROWTH; RED ALDER; DIVERSITY AB The distinct rhizomorphic mats formed by ectomycorrhizal Piloderma fungi are common features of the organic soil horizons of coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. These mats have been found to cover 25-40% of the forest floor in some Douglas-fir stands, and are associated with physical and biochemical properties that distinguish them from the surrounding non-mat soils. In this study, we examined the fungal and bacterial communities associated with Piloderma mat and non-mat soils. Each mat and non-mat area was repeatedly sampled at four times throughout the year. Characterization of the mat activity and community was achieved using a combination of N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase) enzyme assays, and molecular analysis of fungal and bacterial communities using T-RFLP profiles, clone libraries, and quantitative PCR. Piloderma mats had consistently greater NAGase activity across all dates, although the magnitude of the difference varied by season. Furthermore, we found distinct fungal and bacterial communities associated with the Piloderma mats, yet the size of the microbial populations differed little between the mat and non-mat soils. Significant temporal variation was seen in the NAGase activity and in the sizes of the fungal and bacterial populations, but the community composition remained stable through time. Our results demonstrate the presence of two distinct microbial communities occupying the forest floor of Douglas-fir stands, whose populations and activities fluctuate seasonally but with little change in composition, which appears to be related to the physiochemical nature of mat and non-mat habitats. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kluber, Laurel A.; Myrold, David D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Smith, Jane E.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kluber, LA (reprint author), Holden Arboretum, 9500 Sperry Rd, Kirtland, OH 44094 USA. EM laurel.kluber@lifetime.oregonstate.edu RI Myrold, David/E-1813-2011; OI Myrold, David/0000-0001-6418-226X; Kluber, Laurel/0000-0002-9302-9413 FU National Science Foundation [0348689]; Oregon State University FX We thank Matt Kluber for field assistance; Stephanie Yarwood, and Doni McKay for technical and laboratory support; and Karl-Henrik Larsson for assistance in identifying fungal sequences that were underrepresented in sequence databases. Additionally, Nicholas Som and Greg Brenner provided statistical support. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0348689 and through the Subsurface Biosphere NSF-IGERT program at Oregon State University. We conducted this research at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, funded by the NSFs Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Mention of trade or firm names does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 79 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1042 EP 1050 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.01.022 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 746CK UT WOS:000289219500022 ER PT J AU Hunter, WJ Shaner, DL AF Hunter, William J. Shaner, Dale L. TI Studies on Removing Sulfachloropyridazine from Groundwater with Microbial Bioreactors SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VEGETABLE-OIL; WATER; SULFONAMIDE; SELENITE; SULFADIAZINE; BIOBARRIERS; METABOLISM; RESISTANCE; REDUCTION; BARRIERS AB Sulfachloropyridazine (SCP), an antibiotic used in aquaculture and in animal husbandry, is a common contaminant in surface and groundwaters. Two types of microbial reactors were evaluated as methods for removing SCP from flowing water. One type of reactor evaluated was a nitrogen-limiting biobarrier; the other a slow-sand-filter. Results showed that the soybean oil-fed, nitrogen-limiting biobarrier was not very effective at removing SCP from flowing water. When supplied with flowing water containing 2.4 mg l(-1) SCP the nitrogen-limiting biobarrier removed similar to 0.6 mg l(-1) SCP or about 28% of that present. SCP removal by the nitrogen-limiting biobarrier may not have been biological as abiotic removal was not ruled out. More efficient biological removal was obtained with the slow-sand-filter which reduced the SCP levels from 2.35 to 0.048 mg l(-1), a removal efficiency of similar to 98%. High levels of nitrate nitrogen, 50 mg l(-1) N, did not interfere with the removal processes of either reactor suggesting that SCP was not being degraded as a microbial nitrogen source. C1 [Hunter, William J.; Shaner, Dale L.] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hunter, WJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2150-D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM william.hunter@ars.usda.gov; dale.shaner@ars.usda.gov OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 62 IS 5 BP 1560 EP 1564 DI 10.1007/s00284-011-9898-0 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 744QS UT WOS:000289110000031 PM 21327887 ER PT J AU Nelson, WR Fisher, TW Munyaneza, JE AF Nelson, Warrick R. Fisher, Tonja W. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Haplotypes of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" suggest long-standing separation SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum; Haplotype; SNP; Bactericera cockerelli; Trioza apicalis; Zebra Chip ID ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; PSYLLID BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; 1ST REPORT; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; TRIOZA-APICALIS; POTATO PLANTS; NORTH-AMERICA; ASIATICUS; ASSOCIATION AB Three haplotypes of the recently discovered bacterium species "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" are described and related to geographic ranges. The first two are associated with Zebra Chip/Psyllid Yellows of potatoes and other solanaceous plants, vectored by the tomato/potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli in North and Central America and New Zealand. The third is associated with diseased carrots in Finland and vectored by the carrot psyllid Trioza apicalis. The haplotypes are described by SNPs on the 16s rRNA, 16s/23s ISR and 50s rplJ and rplL ribosomal protein genes. These SNPs are inherited as a package across the three genes. Haplotype "a" has been found primarily from Honduras and Guatemala through western Mexico to Arizona and California, and in New Zealand. Haplotype "b" is currently known from eastern Mexico and northwards through Texas to south central Washington. These haplotypes show some range overlap in Texas, Kansas and Nebraska. The haplotypes are not yet known to elicit biological differences in the plant or insect hosts. These apparently stable haplotypes suggest separate bacterial populations of long standing. C1 [Fisher, Tonja W.; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Nelson, Warrick R.] Plant & Food Res, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ARS.USDA.GOV RI Nelson, Warrick/B-2283-2008 OI Nelson, Warrick/0000-0001-6695-0533 NR 34 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 130 IS 1 BP 5 EP 12 DI 10.1007/s10658-010-9737-3 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 741YJ UT WOS:000288903400002 ER PT J AU Jomantiene, R Zhao, Y Lee, IM Davis, RE AF Jomantiene, Rasa Zhao, Yan Lee, Ing-Ming Davis, Robert Edward TI Phytoplasmas infecting sour cherry and lilac represent two distinct lineages having close evolutionary affinities with clover phyllody phytoplasma SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phytoplasma classification; Genetic diversity; Phylogeny ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ASTER YELLOWS; SEQUENCE HETEROGENEITY; GENE-SEQUENCES; CANDIDATUS-PHYTOPLASMA; FINER DIFFERENTIATION; CLASSIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; LITHUANIA; OPERONS AB Phytoplasmas infecting sour cherry and lilac in Lithuania were found to represent two lineages related to clover phyllody phytoplasma (CPh), a subgroup 16SrI-(R/S)C (formerly 16SrI-C) strain exhibiting rRNA interoperon sequence heterogeneity. 16S rDNAs amplified from the cherry bunchy leaf (ChBL) and lilac little leaf (LcLL) phytoplasmas were identical or nearly identical to those of operon rrnA and operon rrnB, respectively, of CPh. There was no evidence of 16S rRNA interoperon sequence heterogeneity in either LcLL or ChBL phytoplasma. Based on collective RFLP patterns of 16S rDNA, ChBL was classified in subgroup 16SrI-R, and LcLL was classified in new subgroup 16SrI-S. The ribosomal protein (rp) gene sequences from LcLL phytoplasma were identical to those of CPh, and strain LcLL was classified in rp subgroup rpI-C. By contrast, rp gene sequences from ChBL phytoplasma differed from those of subgroup rpI-C; based on RFLP patterns of rp gene sequences, ChBL was classified in new rp subgroup rpI-O. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), designated here by a new SNP convention, marked members of rp subgroup rpI-C, and distinguished LcLL and CPh from ChBL and other non-rpI-C phytoplasmas in group 16SrI. The results raise questions concerning phytoplasma biodiversity assessment based on rRNA genes alone and encourage the supplemental use of a single copy gene in phytoplasma identification and classification, while drawing attention to a possible role of horizontal gene transfer in the evolutionary history of these lineages. C1 [Zhao, Yan; Lee, Ing-Ming; Davis, Robert Edward] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jomantiene, Rasa] Nat Res Ctr, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. RP Davis, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM robert.davis@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 130 IS 1 BP 97 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s10658-010-9735-5 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 741YJ UT WOS:000288903400009 ER PT J AU Zhang, FY Ping, JN Du, ZH Cheng, QJ Huang, YH AF Zhang, Fuyao Ping, Junai Du, Zhihong Cheng, Qingjun Huang, Yinghua TI Identification of a New Race of Sporisorium reilianum and Characterization of the Reaction of Sorghum Lines to Four Races of the Head Smut Pathogen SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE head smut; host-pathogen interaction; physiological race; plant disease resistance; Sorghum bicolor AB Sporisorium reilianum is the causal agent of head smut on sorghum and maize. In order to effectively utilize host resistance to control this important disease in crops, it is necessary to monitor changes in disease dynamics and virulence of the pathogen. An outbreak of head smut was recently observed in a sorghum field, near Gaoping, Shanxi, China, and research was undertaken to characterize a putative new race of S. reilianum. A set of differential sorghum lines with resistance to several conventional races was used to characterize the newly collected isolate of S. reilianum. The reactions of differential cultivars/germplasm lines to the new isolate indicate that it is a new physiological race of S. reilianum. The new race is highly virulent on sorghum line A(2)V4 and its hybrid, Jinza 12, that are known as resistant to all existing Chinese races of S. reilianum, including races 1, 2, and 3. The new isolate of S. reilianum is different from all of the described races of the pathogen; thus, it is designated as race 4 of S. reilianum. Furthermore, a collection of 34 sorghum genotypes including commercial cultivars and germplasm lines was evaluated for disease reaction to the newly described race and the three known races of the pathogen. C1 [Zhang, Fuyao; Ping, Junai; Du, Zhihong; Cheng, Qingjun] Shanxi Acad Agr Sci, Sorghum Inst, Yuci 030600, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Fuyao; Huang, Yinghua] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Zhang, Fuyao; Huang, Yinghua] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Zhang, FY (reprint author), Shanxi Acad Agr Sci, Sorghum Inst, Yuci 030600, Peoples R China. EM zfy5607@163.com; Yinghua.Huang@ars.usda.gov FU Shanxi Key Scientific and Technological Project [2006031008-02]; National Science and Technology Support Plan [2006BAD02B03]; Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System FX This work was partly supported by the projects from Shanxi Key Scientific and Technological Project (No. 2006031008-02), the National Science and Technology Support Plan (No. 2006BAD02B03) and the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System to Zhang Fuyao. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-1785 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 159 IS 5 BP 342 EP 346 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2010.01770.x PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 744UF UT WOS:000289119400002 ER PT J AU Bai, JH Baldwin, EA Imahori, Y Kostenyuk, I Burns, J Brecht, JK AF Bai, Jinhe Baldwin, Elizabeth A. Imahori, Yoshihiro Kostenyuk, Igor Burns, Jacqueline Brecht, Jeffrey K. TI Chilling and heating may regulate C6 volatile aroma production by different mechanisms in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tomato fruit; Volatile; Lipoxygenase; Hydroperoxide lyase; Alcohol dehydrogenase; Gene expression; Enzyme activity; Chilling injury; Heat shock ID HYDROPEROXIDE LYASE ACTIVITIES; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; RIPENING STRAWBERRY; LIPOXYGENASE GENES; ESCULENTUM MILL.; FLAVOR VOLATILES; PATHWAY ENZYMES; ACID; EXPRESSION; TEMPERATURE AB Hexanal, Z-3-hexenal, E-2-hexenal, hexanol, and Z-3-hexenol are major tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) volatile aroma compounds derived from oxygenation of unsaturated fatty acids. Chilling and heating may suppress production of these C6 volatiles. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of chilling or heating on gene expression and enzyme activity of lipoxygenase (LOX), hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), which catalyze key steps in C6 volatile production via the oxylipin pathway. 'Tasti-Lee' and 'Sanibel' tomatoes, harvested at different stages of fruit development, were ripened to full (red) ripe stage at 20 degrees C. Fruit were then treated by either chilling (5 degrees C for 5 d) or heating (52 degrees C hot water for 15 min), then cooled with 23 degrees C tap water to 25 degrees C and placed at 20 degrees C for 4 d, or held continuously at 20 degrees C as the control. Both chilling and heating reduced C6 aldehyde and alcohol aroma volatiles immediately after treatment, and the levels of aldehydes did not fully recover after 4 d at 20 degrees C. Chilling down-regulated expression of TomloxA. B, and C. but not D; however, it increased total LOX activity. Chilling also down-regulated HPL and ADH expression immediately after treatment, but, after 4 d at 20 degrees C, both genes were up-regulated compared to the control. HPL activity in chilled tomatoes was reduced, but recovered to control levels after 4d at 20 degrees C. ADH activity in chilled fruit decreased after 4d at 20 degrees C. On the other hand, heating greatly up-regulated TomloxB and C expression, even after 4d at 20 degrees C, and slightly down-regulated TomloxA and D, while increasing overall LOX activity. Heating up-regulated both HPL and ADH, and that effect persisted for 4d at 20 degrees C. However, heating reduced the activities of HPL for 4d at 20 degrees C and ADH immediately after treatment. The results indicate that heating and chilling regulate C6 volatile production by different mechanisms. Chilling-induced inhibition of C6 volatile production may be due to down-regulation of gene expression, and subsequent reduction of HPL and ADH enzyme activities in the oxylipin pathway. Heating-inhibition of C6 volatile production, however, does not appear to be due to down-regulation of gene expression, but HPL and ADH activities were briefly suppressed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bai, Jinhe; Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] ARS, USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. [Imahori, Yoshihiro] Osaka Prefecture Univ, Lab Postharvest Physiol & Qual Control, Osaka 5998531, Japan. [Kostenyuk, Igor; Burns, Jacqueline] Univ Florida, IFAS, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Brecht, Jeffrey K.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Baldwin, EA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Lab, 600 Ave S NW, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. EM Liz.Baldwin@ars.usda.gov RI Brecht, Jeffrey/B-2375-2013 FU National Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35503-18666] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Grant 2008-35503-18666 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 55 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 60 IS 2 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.12.002 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 744YE UT WOS:000289130300005 ER PT J AU Mattheis, JP Rudell, D AF Mattheis, J. P. Rudell, David TI Responses of 'd'Anjou' pear (Pyrus communis L.) fruit to storage at low oxygen setpoints determined by monitoring fruit chlorophyll fluorescence SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Superficial scald; Black speck; Acetaldehyde; Ethanol; Methanol; Controlled atmosphere ID SUPERFICIAL SCALD DEVELOPMENT; ALPHA-FARNESENE; BARTLETT PEARS; APPLES; EXPRESSION; OXIDATION; QUALITY; STRESS AB 'd'Anjou' pears, which are susceptible to superficial scald (scald), were stored in air or controlled atmospheres containing 1.5 kPa O(2) or a minimal partial pressure determined using real-time monitoring of fruit chlorophyll fluorescence. In two experiments, the low O(2) setpoints were 0.4 and 0.5 kPa. During experiment 1, pears stored continuously at the low O(2) setpoint did not develop scald while scald developed on fruit stored in air, 1.5 kPa O(2), or 0.5 kPa O(2) for 6 months then 2 months at 1.5 kPa O(2). Fruit from 2 of 3 lots stored in 0.5 kPa O(2) during year one of the two year study developed peel black speck, a disorder previously reported on d'Anjou fruit stored in pO(2) of 1 kPa or below. All CA environments slowed peel color change with the low pO(2) having a larger effect on color after longer storage durations. Fruit softening was also reduced by the low pO(2) compared with fruit stored in air or 1.5 kPa O(2). Fruit stored in 0.4 kPa O(2) with 0.1 kPa CO(2) in experiment 2 did not soften to a commercially acceptable value during the shelf life period after removal from storage. The results indicate low O(2) partial pressure set points established by monitoring fruit chlorophyll fluorescence can prevent 'd'Anjou' scald but may result in black speck development as well as insufficient softening during a typical shelf-life period. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mattheis, J. P.; Rudell, David] ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Mattheis, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM james.mattheis@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 60 IS 2 BP 125 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.12.007 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 744YE UT WOS:000289130300007 ER PT J AU Hwang, CA Sheen, S AF Hwang, Cheng-An Sheen, Shiowshuh TI Growth characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes as affected by a native microflora in cooked ham under refrigerated and temperature abuse conditions SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Listeria monocytogenes; Native microflora; Ham ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; COLD-SMOKED SALMON; SODIUM DIACETATE; MEAT-PRODUCTS; BROCHOTHRIX-THERMOSPHACTA; POTASSIUM LACTATE; CARNOBACTERIUM-PISCICOLA; LACTOBACILLUS-CURVATUS; PROTECTIVE CULTURE; VACUUM PACKAGES AB This study examined the growth characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes as affected by a native microflora in cooked ham at refrigerated and abuse temperatures. A five-strain mixture of L. monocytogenes and a native microflora, consisting of Brochothrix spp., isolated from cooked meat were inoculated alone (monocultured) or co-inoculated (co-cultured) onto cooked ham slices. The growth characteristics, lag phase duration (LPD, h), growth rate (GR, log(10) cfu/h), and maximum population density (MPD, log(10) cfu/g), of L. monocytogenes and the native microflora in vacuum-packed ham slices stored at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 degrees C for up to 5 weeks were determined. At 4-12 degrees C, the LPDs of co-cultured L. monocytogenes were not significantly different from those of monocultured L. monocytogenes in ham, indicating the LPDs of L. monocytogenes at 4-12 degrees C were not influenced by the presence of the native microflora. At 4-8 degrees C, the GRs of co-cultured L. monocytogenes (0.0114-0.0130 log(10) cfu/h) were statistically but marginally lower than those of monocultured L. monocytogenes (0.0132-0.0145 log(10) cfu/h), indicating the GRs of L. monocytogenes at 4-8 degrees C were reduced by the presence of the native microflora. The GRs of L. monocytogenes were reduced by 8-7% with the presence of the native microflora at 4-8 degrees C, whereas there was less influence of the native microflora on the GRs of L. monocytogenes at 10 and 12 degrees C. The MPDs of L. monocytogenes at 4-8 degrees C were also reduced by the presence of the native microflora. Data from this study provide additional information regarding the growth suppression of L. monocytogenes by the native microflora for assessing the survival and growth of L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat meat products. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hwang, Cheng-An; Sheen, Shiowshuh] Agr Res Serv, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Hwang, CA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Andy.Hwang@ars.usda.gov; Shiowshuh.Sheen@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 28 IS 3 BP 350 EP 355 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2010.03.004 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 739PW UT WOS:000288731200002 PM 21356437 ER PT J AU Yuk, HG Geveke, DJ AF Yuk, Hyun-Gyun Geveke, David J. TI Nonthermal inactivation and sublethal injury of Lactobacillus plantarum in apple cider by a pilot plant scale continuous supercritical carbon dioxide system SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Supercritical carbon dioxide; Nonthermal pasteurization; Lactobacillus plantarum; Apple cider; Sublethal injury ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; HIGH-PRESSURE; ORANGE JUICE; MICROORGANISMS; TEMPERATURE; IRRADIATION; EFFICACY; OZONE; PH AB The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO(2)) for inactivating Lactobacillus plantarum in apple cider using a continuous system with a gas-liquid metal contactor. Pasteurized apple cider without preservatives was inoculated with L. plantarum and processed using a SCCO(2) system at a CO(2) concentration range of 0-12% (g CO(2)/100 g product), outlet temperatures of 34, 38, and 42 degrees C, a system pressure of 7.6 MPa, and a flow rate of 1 L/min. Processing with SCCO(2) significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced inactivation of L. plantarum in apple cider, resulting in a 5 log reduction with 8% CO(2) at 42 degrees C. The response surface model indicated that both CO(2) concentration and temperature contributed to the microbial inactivation. The extent of sublethal injury in surviving cells in processed apple cider increased as CO(2) concentration and processing temperature increased, however the percent injury dramatically decreased during SCCO(2) processing at 42 degrees C. Structural damage in cell membranes after SCCO(2) processing was observed by SEM. Refrigeration (4 degrees C) after SCCO(2) processing effectively inhibited the re-growth of surviving L. plantarum during storage for 28 days. Thus this study suggests that SCCO(2) processing is effective in eliminating L. plantarum and could be applicable for nonthermal pasteurization of apple cider. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Geveke, David J.] Agr Res Serv, Food Safety Intervent Technol Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Yuk, Hyun-Gyun] Natl Univ Singapore, Food Sci & Technol Programme, Dept Chem, Singapore 117543, Singapore. RP Geveke, DJ (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Food Safety Intervent Technol Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.geveke@ars.usda.gov RI YUK, HYUN-GYUN/B-7714-2014; Diaz, Belen/B-8946-2012 OI YUK, HYUN-GYUN/0000-0001-9841-7899; NR 30 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 28 IS 3 BP 377 EP 383 DI 10.1016/j.fm.2010.09.010 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 739PW UT WOS:000288731200006 PM 21356441 ER EF