FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Jiang, XF Zhai, HF Wang, L Luo, LZ Sappington, TW Zhang, L AF Jiang, Xingfu Zhai, Huifang Wang, Ling Luo, Lizhi Sappington, Thomas W. Zhang, Lei TI Cloning of the heat shock protein 90 and 70 genes from the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, and expression characteristics in relation to thermal stress and development SO CELL STRESS & CHAPERONES LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera exigua; Se-Hsp90; Se-Hsp70; Expression; Thermal stress; Development ID TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM COLEOPTERA; LEPIDOPTERA-NOCTUIDAE; UP-REGULATION; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA; HSP70 TRANSCRIPTS; MESSENGER-RNA; COLD-SHOCK; FLESH FLY; TEMPERATURE AB Two full-length cDNAs of heat shock protein (HSP) genes (Se-hsp90 and Se-hsp70) were cloned from the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, and their expression was investigated in relation to cold shock, heat shock, and development. The open reading frames of Se-hsp90 and Se-hsp70 are 2,154 and 2,004 bp in length, encoding polypeptides of 717 and 667 amino acids with a molecular mass of 82.6 and 72.5 kDa, respectively. Both genes showed high similarity to their counterparts in other species. Transcriptional expression profiles revealed that both genes were significantly up-regulated under thermal stress. However, the temperature at which expression level became significantly higher than that of controls varied between genes. Intensity of response to temperature was more intense for Se-hsp70 than for Se-hsp90, regardless of temperature or developmental stage. However, intensities of response to temperature of either Se-hsp90 or Se-hsp70 varied with developmental stage. The basal expression of both genes was highest in young larvae and decreased with age. Translational expression of Se-Hsp70 was observed by using Western blot, the expression profiles of Se-Hsp70 protein were in high agreement with those of Se-hsp70 RNA under heat or cold stress in larvae and pupae. However, it does not completely accord with that of Se-hsp70 RNA expression during development without thermal stress. These results indicated that, in addition to heat shock responses, both Se-hsp90 and Se-hsp70 might be involved in development. C1 [Jiang, Xingfu; Zhai, Huifang; Wang, Ling; Luo, Lizhi; Zhang, Lei] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Sappington, Thomas W.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jiang, XF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM xfjiang@ippcaas.cn FU National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation [200803007]; National Department Transgenic Crops Cultivation Research Foundation [2009ZX08011-018B]; Major State Basic Research Development Program [2006CB102001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30871641, 31071677]; Natural Science Foundation of Beijing [6072023] FX This work was funded by Projects under the National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation (200803007), National Department Transgenic Crops Cultivation Research Foundation (2009ZX08011-018B), the Major State Basic Research Development Program (Grant 2006CB102001), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30871641, 31071677), and Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (6072023). NR 72 TC 23 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1355-8145 J9 CELL STRESS CHAPERON JI Cell Stress Chaperones PD JAN PY 2012 VL 17 IS 1 BP 67 EP 80 DI 10.1007/s12192-011-0286-2 PG 14 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 857HK UT WOS:000297708900007 PM 21842334 ER PT J AU Neufeld, HS Peoples, SJ Davison, AW Chappelka, AH Somers, GL Thomley, JE Booker, FL AF Neufeld, Howard S. Peoples, Seth J. Davison, Alan W. Chappelka, Arthur H. Somers, Greg L. Thomley, Jill E. Booker, Fitzgerald L. TI Ambient ozone effects on gas exchange and total non-structural carbohydrate levels in cutleaf coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata L.) growing in Great Smoky Mountains National Park SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Rudbeckia laciniata; Ozone; Photosynthesis; Stomatal conductance; Water use efficiency; Total non-structural carbohydrates; Great Smoky Mountains National Park ID MILKWEED ASCLEPIAS-EXALTATA; SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN FOREST; HYBRID POPLAR LEAVES; PLANTAGO-MAJOR; PIMA COTTON; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CARBON ALLOCATION; FAGUS-SYLVATICA; PRUNUS-SEROTINA AB Ozone-sensitive and -tolerant individuals of cutleaf coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata L) were compared for their gas exchange characteristics and total non-structural carbohydrates at Purchase Knob, a high elevation site in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Photosynthesis and stomatal conductance decreased with increased foliar stipple. Sensitive plants had lower photosynthetic rates for all leaves, except the very youngest and oldest when compared to tolerant plants. Stomatal conductance decreased with increasing leaf age, but no ozone-sensitivity differences were found. Lower leaves had less starch than upper ones, while leaves on sensitive plants had less than those on tolerant plants. These results show that ambient levels of ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park can adversely affect gas exchange, water use efficiency and leaf starch content in sensitive coneflower plants. Persistence of sensitive genotypes in the Park may be due to physiological recovery in low ozone years. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Neufeld, Howard S.; Peoples, Seth J.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Davison, Alan W.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Biol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Chappelka, Arthur H.; Somers, Greg L.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Thomley, Jill E.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Booker, Fitzgerald L.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Booker, Fitzgerald L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Neufeld, HS (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, 572 Rivers St, Boone, NC 28608 USA. EM neufeldhs@appstate.edu FU Graduate School at Appalachian State University FX The authors would like to thank National Park Service Rangers Susan Sachs and Paul Super for their excellent assistance and cooperation while working at Purchase Knob. Renee Tucker, USDA, performed the TNC analyses and Dr. John Ray, NPS Division of Air Quality, provided invaluable assistance with the analysis of the passive O3 sampling data, for which we are grateful. Nicholas Martin, in the School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences at Auburn University, assisted with the statistical analyses, for which we are grateful. Finally, we thank several anonymous reviewers for their comments which greatly improved the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the Graduate School at Appalachian State University, and by in-kind support from the USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit. NR 87 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 160 BP 74 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.09.010 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 859TF UT WOS:000297898000011 PM 22035928 ER PT J AU Lozano, N Rice, CP Ramirez, M Torrents, A AF Lozano, Nuria Rice, Clifford P. Ramirez, Mark Torrents, Alba TI Fate of Triclosan and Methyltriclosan in soil from biosolids application SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Methyltriclosan; Biosolids; Soil; Biodegradation ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE DISPERSION; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; METHYL-TRICLOSAN; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TREATMENT PLANTS; SURFACE WATERS; BACTERICIDE TRICLOSAN; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AB This study investigates the persistence of Triclosan (TCS), and its degradation product, Methyltriclosan (MeTCS), after land application of biosolids to an experimental agricultural plot under both till and no till. Surface soil samples (n = 40) were collected several times over a three years period and sieved to remove biosolids. Concentration of TCS in the soil gradually increased with maximum levels of 63.7 +/- 14.1 ng g(-1) dry wt., far below the predicted maximum concentration of 307.5 ng g(-1) dry wt. TCS disappearance corresponded with MeTCS appearance, suggesting in situ formation. Our results suggest that soil incorporation and degradation processes are taking place simultaneously and that TCS background levels are achieved within two years. TCS half-life (t(0.5)) was determined as 104 d and MeTCS t(0.5), which was more persistent than TCS, was estimated at 443 d. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lozano, Nuria; Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rice, Clifford P.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, ANRI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramirez, Mark] Water & Sewer Author, DCWater, Washington, DC 20032 USA. RP Torrents, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM alba@umd.edu FU DC Water and Sewer Authority (DCWater), Washington DC FX This study was supported by DC Water and Sewer Authority (DCWater), Washington DC. The authors wish to thank the following people: Laura McConnell and Natasha Andrade for the overall design of field portion of this study and sample collections. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 160 BP 103 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.09.020 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 859TF UT WOS:000297898000015 PM 22035932 ER PT J AU Jenkins, JN McCarty, JC Wubben, MJ Hayes, R Gutierrez, OA Callahan, F Deng, D AF Jenkins, Johnie N. McCarty, Jack C. Wubben, Martin J. Hayes, Russell Gutierrez, Osman A. Callahan, Franklin Deng, Dewayne TI SSR markers for marker assisted selection of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) resistant plants in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Cotton breeding; Genetics; Marker assisted breeding; Plant breeding; Root-knot nematode ID UPLAND COTTON; CHROMOSOMES; GENES AB Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) cultivars highly resistant to the southern root-knot nematode (RKN) [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood] are not available. Resistant germplasm lines are available; however, the difficulty of selecting true breeding lines has hindered applied breeding and no highly resistant cultivars are available to growers. Recently, molecular markers on chromosomes 11 and 14 have been associated with RKN resistance, thus opening the way for marker assisted selection (MAS) in applied breeding. Our study aimed to determine the utility of these markers for MAS. Cross one was RKN resistant germplasm M240 RNR x the susceptible cultivar, FM966 and is representative of the initial cross a breeder would make to develop a RKN resistant cultivar. Cross two consists of Clevewilt 6 x Mexico Wild (PI563649), which are the two lines originally used to develop the first highly RKN resistant germplasm. Mexico Wild is photoperiodic. We phenotyped the F(2) of cross one for gall index and number of RKN eggs per plant and genotyped each plant for CIR 316 (chromosome 11) and BNL 3661 (chromosome 14). From this, we verified that MAS was effective, and the QTL on chromosome 14 was primarily associated with a dominant RKN resistance gene affecting reproduction. In the first F(2) population of cross two, we used MAS to identify 11 plants homozygous for the markers on chromosomes 11 and 14, and which also flowered in long days. Progeny of these 11 plants were phenotyped for RKN gall index and egg number and confirmed as RKN highly resistant plants. Generally about 7-10 generations of RKN phenotyping and progeny testing were required to develop the original RKN highly resistant germplasms. Our results show that commercial breeders should be able to use the markers in MAS to rapidly develop RKN resistant cultivars. C1 [Jenkins, Johnie N.; McCarty, Jack C.; Wubben, Martin J.] ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gutierrez, Osman A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Jenkins, JN (reprint author), ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM johnie.jenkins@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2012 VL 183 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 DI 10.1007/s10681-011-0470-6 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 855VW UT WOS:000297595200006 ER PT J AU Stoeva, A Harizanova, V de Lillo, E Cristofaro, M Smith, L AF Stoeva, Atanaska Harizanova, Vili de Lillo, Enrico Cristofaro, Massimo Smith, Lincoln TI Laboratory and field experimental evaluation of host plant specificity of Aceria solstitialis, a prospective biological control agent of yellow starthistle SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Eriophyidae; Weed control; Host specificity; Centaurea solstitialis; Biological control ID CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS; ERIOPHYOID MITES; WEED-CONTROL; ASTERACEAE; PATHOGENS; RANGE AB Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle, Asteraceae) is an invasive annual weed in the western USA that is native to the Mediterranean Region and is a target for classical biological control. Aceria solstitialis is an eriophyid mite that has been found exclusively in association with Ce. solstitialis in Italy, Greece, Turkey and Bulgaria. The mite feeds on leaf tissue and damages bolting plants, causing stunting, witch's broom and incomplete flower development. Field experiments and laboratory no-choice and two-way choice experiments were conducted to assess host plant specificity of the mite in Bulgaria. Mites showed the highest degree of host specificity in the field and lowest in the no-choice experiments. In the field, highest densities of mites occurred on Ce. solstitialis and Ce. cyanus (bachelor's button), and either no mites or trace numbers occurred on the other test plants: Ce. diffusa (diffuse knapweed), Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) and Cynara scolymus (artichoke). In no-choice experiments, mites persisted for 60 days on Ce. diffusa, Ce. cyanus, Ce. solstitialis, Ca. tinctorius and Cy. scolymus, whereas in two-way choice experiments mites persisted on 25% of Cy. scolymus plants for 60 days and did not persist on Ca. tinctorius beyond 40 days. The eight other species of plants that were tested in the laboratory were less suitable for the mite. These results suggest that although A. solstitialis can persist on some nontarget plants for as long as 60 days in the laboratory, it appears to be much more specific under natural conditions, and warrants further evaluation as a prospective biological control agent. C1 [Smith, Lincoln] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Stoeva, Atanaska; Harizanova, Vili] Agr Univ Plovdiv, Dept Entomol, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria. [de Lillo, Enrico] Univ Bari, Dept Biol & Chem Agroforestry & Environm, Fac Agr, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Cristofaro, Massimo] ENEA CR Casaccia UTAGRI ECO, I-00123 Rome, Italy. RP Smith, L (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM link.smith@ars.usda.gov OI de Lillo, Enrico/0000-0003-0364-4963 FU California Department of Food and Agriculture FX We give special thanks to Javid Kashefi, USDA ARS EBCL Thessaloniki substation, for the support during preliminary surveys in Bulgaria; to Franca Di Francesca, Alessandra Paolini and Francesca Lecce, BBCA Rome, Italy, for helping in the collections. This research was supported in part by a grant from the California Department of Food and Agriculture. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 EI 1572-9702 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 56 IS 1 BP 43 EP 55 DI 10.1007/s10493-011-9497-6 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 856HH UT WOS:000297629000005 PM 22012302 ER PT J AU Nepal, P Grala, RK Grebner, DL AF Nepal, Prakash Grala, Robert K. Grebner, Donald L. TI Financial feasibility of increasing carbon sequestration in harvested wood products in Mississippi SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Carbon; Compensation; Financial feasibility; Net Present Value; Rotation age; Wood products ID FOREST CARBON; PINE PLANTATIONS; ROTATION; SINKS; MODEL; COST AB Longer forest rotation ages can potentially increase accumulation of carbon in harvested wood products due to a larger proportion of sawlogs that can be used for manufacturing durable wood products such as lumber and plywood. This study quantified amounts of carbon accumulated in wood products harvested from loblolly pine (Pious taeda L) stands grown in Mississippi by extending rotation ages traditionally used to manage these stands for timber. The financial viability of this approach was examined based on carbon payments received by landowners for sequestering carbon in standing trees and harvested wood products. Results indicated a potential to increase carbon accumulated in wood products by 16.11 metric tons (t) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO(2)e) per hectare (ha) for a rotation increase of 5 years and 67.07 tCO(2)e/ha for a rotation increase of 65 years. Carbon prices of $50/tCO(2)e and $110/tCO(2)e would be required to provide a sufficient incentive to forest landowners to extend rotations by 5 and 10 years, respectively. With 2.8 million ha of loblolly pine stands in Mississippi, this translates to a possible increase in wood products carbon of 45 million tCO(2)e and 80 million tCO(2)e for harvest ages increased by 5 and 10 years, respectively. Higher carbon prices lengthened rotation ages modestly due to low present values of carbon accumulated with long rotations. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nepal, Prakash; Grala, Robert K.; Grebner, Donald L.] Mississippi State Univ, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Nepal, P (reprint author), Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM neprakash@yahoo.com FU United States Department of Agriculture FX Approved as a publication FO395 of the Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University. This research was funded by the Wood Utilization Research Program of the United States Department of Agriculture. The authors thank anonymous reviewers whose comments helped improve this paper. NR 56 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2011.08.005 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 859OP UT WOS:000297886000012 ER PT J AU Markowski-Lindsay, M Stevens, T Kittredge, DB Butler, BJ Catanzaro, P Damery, D AF Markowski-Lindsay, Marla Stevens, Thomas Kittredge, David B. Butler, Brett J. Catanzaro, Paul Damery, David TI Family forest owner preferences for biomass harvesting in Massachusetts SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Family forest; Biomass supply; Preference uncertainty; Bioenergy ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; RESPONDENT UNCERTAINTY; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; MECHANISMS; BIOENERGY AB U.S. forests, including family-owned forests, are a potential source of biomass for renewable energy. Family forest owners constitute a significant portion of the overall forestland in the U.S., yet little is known about family forest owners' preferences for supplying wood-based biomass. The goal of this study is to understand how Massachusetts family forest owners feel about harvesting residual woody biomass from their property. The study estimates the probability that Massachusetts landowners will harvest biomass as part of a timber harvest using data from a survey of 932 Massachusetts family forest owners. Logistic regression results suggest that the likelihood of harvesting for biomass is quite low, and that the supply of participation in biomass harvesting is inelastic with respect to price. These low probabilities may be due to the method used to account for preference uncertainty, as well as the unique nature of Massachusetts forests, forest markets, and landowner attitudes in comparison to other states (e.g., Minnesota). The study suggests that it would be more effective to target renewable energy policy toward different regions and/or markets rather than develop a uniform national policy. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Markowski-Lindsay, Marla; Kittredge, David B.; Catanzaro, Paul; Damery, David] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Stevens, Thomas] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Resource Econ, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Butler, Brett J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Family Forest Res Ctr, Amherst, MA USA. RP Markowski-Lindsay, M (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM marla@eco.umass.edu; tstevens@isenberg.umass.edu; dbk@eco.umass.edu; bbutler01@fs.fed.us; cat@umext.umass.edu; ddamery@eco.umass.edu FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture; Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station; Department of Environmental Conservation [MAS009582] FX This material is based upon the work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and the Department of Environmental Conservation, under Project No. MAS009582. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9341 J9 FOREST POLICY ECON JI Forest Policy Econ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 1 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2011.08.001 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 859OP UT WOS:000297886000015 ER PT J AU Trikalinos, TA Moorthy, D Chung, M Yu, WW Lee, J Lichtenstein, AH Lau, J AF Trikalinos, Thomas A. Moorthy, Denish Chung, Mei Yu, Winifred W. Lee, Jounghee Lichtenstein, Alice H. Lau, Joseph TI Concordance of randomized and nonrandomized studies was unrelated to translational patterns of two nutrient-disease associations SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Citation analysis; Network analysis; Translational research; Nutritional associations; Vitamin E; Omega-3 fatty acids ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; N-3 FATTY-ACIDS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION; IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATORS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL SUPPLEMENTATION; DIETARY ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BETA-CAROTENE SUPPLEMENTS; FISH-OIL SUPPLEMENTATION AB Objective: There are several examples in nutrition of discordance between the results of observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We hypothesized that this discordance is attributable to differences in the translational paths of nutrient disease associations. Translational paths can be assessed using citation analysis. Study Design and Setting: We compared the characteristics of citation networks using examples, where RCTs and observational studies agreed (long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids [n-3 PUFA]) or disagreed (vitamin E). We performed systematic reviews in each example, constructed citation networks, and compared them with respect to the number of articles and citation relationships between them, as well as the distribution of articles' hub and authority scores. Results: For n-3 PUFA, meta-analyses of 14 RCTs and 10 observational studies both suggested that higher intake was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality. For vitamin E, the meta-analysis of 14 RCTs excluded a clinically significant effect, whereas 14 observational studies reported a significant inverse association. The respective citation networks consisted of 392 (n-3 PUFA) and 351 (vitamin E) articles. No differences between the characteristics of the two networks were identified. There was no evidence that the observational studies predated RCTs in the translational process in either example. Conclusion: In the two examples, citation network characteristics do not predict concordance in the results of observational studies and RCTs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Trikalinos, Thomas A.; Moorthy, Denish; Chung, Mei; Yu, Winifred W.; Lee, Jounghee; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Lau, Joseph] Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Clin Evidence Synth, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Res Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Trikalinos, TA (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Clin Evidence Synth, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Box 63,800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ttrikalinos@tuftsmedicalcenter.org FU Office for Dietary Supplements commissioned through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [HHSA 290 2007 100551] FX This article is based on work performed with funding from the Office for Dietary Supplements commissioned through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (Contract number HHSA 290 2007 100551, task order 5). None other than the authors had any role in study design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the report, or the decision to submit the paper for publication. The authors are independent from the funders. NR 110 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 65 IS 1 BP 16 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.07.006 PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 859VH UT WOS:000297903400005 PM 22047889 ER PT J AU Wu, JJ Gu, YQ Hu, YQ You, FM Dandekar, AM Leslie, CA Aradhya, M Dvorak, J Luo, MC AF Wu, Jiajie Gu, Yong Q. Hu, Yuqin You, Frank M. Dandekar, Abhaya M. Leslie, Charles A. Aradhya, Mallikarjuna Dvorak, Jan Luo, Ming-Cheng TI Characterizing the walnut genome through analyses of BAC end sequences SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BAC library; Genome structure; Juglans regia; Persian walnut; Simple sequence repeat ID BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; PHYSICAL MAP; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MINIATURE TRIM; PLANT GENOMES; RETROTRANSPOSONS; MARKERS; RICE; FAMILIES AB Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) is an economically important tree for its nut crop and timber. To gain insight into the structure and evolution of the walnut genome, we constructed two bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries, containing a total of 129,024 clones, from in vitro-grown shoots of J. regia cv. Chandler using the HindIII and MboI cloning sites. A total of 48,218 high-quality BAC end sequences (BESs) were generated, with an accumulated sequence length of 31.2 Mb, representing approximately 5.1% of the walnut genome. Analysis of repeat DNA content in BESs revealed that approximately 15.42% of the genome consists of known repetitive DNA, while walnut-unique repetitive DNA identified in this study constitutes 13.5% of the genome. Among the walnut-unique repetitive DNA, Julia SINE and JrTRIM elements represent the first identified walnut short interspersed element (SINE) and terminal-repeat retrotransposon in miniature (TRIM) element, respectively; both types of elements are abundant in the genome. As in other species, these SINEs and TRIM elements could be exploited for developing repeat DNA-based molecular markers in walnut. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) from BESs were analyzed and found to be more abundant in BESs than in expressed sequence tags. The density of SSR in the walnut genome analyzed was also slightly higher than that in poplar and papaya. Sequence analysis of BESs indicated that approximately 11.5% of the walnut genome represents a coding sequence. This study is an initial characterization of the walnut genome and provides the largest genomic resource currently available; as such, it will be a valuable tool in studies aimed at genetically improving walnut. C1 [Wu, Jiajie; Hu, Yuqin; You, Frank M.; Dandekar, Abhaya M.; Leslie, Charles A.; Dvorak, Jan; Luo, Ming-Cheng] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wu, Jiajie; Gu, Yong Q.; You, Frank M.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Aradhya, Mallikarjuna] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Luo, MC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM Yong.Gu@ars.usda.gov; mcluo@ucdavis.edu RI Luo, Ming-Cheng/C-5600-2011 FU California Walnut Marketing Board [106-10162]; UC [IT106-10162] FX This work was supported by the California Walnut Marketing Board (106-10162) and UC Discovery Grants (IT106-10162). NR 63 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4412 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL JI Plant Mol.Biol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s11103-011-9849-y PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 858PZ UT WOS:000297815400007 PM 22101470 ER PT J AU Romanazzi, G Lichter, A Gabler, FM Smilanick, JL AF Romanazzi, Gianfranco Lichter, Amnon Gabler, Franka Mlikota Smilanick, Joseph L. TI Recent advances on the use of natural and safe alternatives to conventional methods to control postharvest gray mold of table grapes SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Botrytis cinerea; Blue mold; Postharvest decay; Vitis vinifera ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; PREHARVEST APPLICATIONS; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; ESSENTIAL OILS; COLD-STORAGE; QUALITY; DECAY; CHITOSAN; OZONE AB Gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is the main postharvest decay of table grapes. It can develop in the vineyard and spread rapidly among berries after harvest, during long distant transport, cold storage and shelf-life. In conventional agriculture, bunches are sprayed with fungicides after flowering, at pre-bunch closure, at veraison, and later, depending on the time of harvest. Harvested bunches are usually stored in the presence of sulfur dioxide. However, the use of synthetic fungicides and of sulfur dioxide is not allowed on organic grapes and the study of alternative methods to control postharvest decay has developed over several decades, along with the demand for safer storage methods. This review summarizes the results published in the field within the last 5 years (2006-2010). We can group these approaches as follows: (i) biocontrol agents; (ii) natural antimicrobials; (iii) GRAS type decontaminating agents; and (iv) physical means. Two biocontrol agents, Muscodor albus and Hanseniaspora uvarum, have shown equal or better effectiveness than conventional methods to control gray mold of table grapes in laboratory scale experiments. Currently, the bottleneck for the commercial use of biocontrol agents is that the registration process is comparable to that of fungicides, with similar costs but often with a narrower market. This delays their transition from experimental to practical use. Natural antimicrobials, such as salts, chitosan, and plant extracts, have demonstrated good results and often have been applied in various scales. Several GRAS-classified sanitizers have been tested to extend postharvest storage of table grapes, including acetic acid, electrolyzed oxidizing water, ozone, and ethanol. Physical technologies involving variations in temperature, UV-C irradiation, pressure or changing atmospheric composition, are all postharvest practices which require significant adaptation by an industry which is accustomed to minimal intervention during harvest. Overall, the use of ozone and of calcium chloride are two promising examples of treatments that are beginning to be adopted on a commercial scale. The requirements for the optimal treatment of grapes against gray mold before harvest or during storage are summarized. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Romanazzi, Gianfranco] Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Agr Food & Environm, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Lichter, Amnon] ARO, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Gabler, Franka Mlikota] Calif Table Grape Commiss, Fresno, CA 93711 USA. [Smilanick, Joseph L.] San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, USDA ARS, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Romanazzi, G (reprint author), Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Agr Food & Environm, Via Brecce Blanche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. EM g.romanazzi@univpm.it RI Romanazzi, Gianfranco/C-8981-2012 NR 57 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 15 U2 149 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 63 IS 1 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.06.013 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 859OF UT WOS:000297885000020 ER PT J AU Tarvis, KM Purdy, PH Graham, JK AF Tarvis, K. M. Purdy, P. H. Graham, J. K. TI CHANGING ROOSTER SPERM MEMBRANES TO FACILITATE CRYOPRESERVATION SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tarvis, K. M.; Graham, J. K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Purdy, P. H.] USDA ARS NCGRP, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2012 VL 24 IS 1 MA 51 BP 137 EP 138 PG 2 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 856NA UT WOS:000297647800064 ER PT J AU Miles, JR Sargus, CN Plautz, SA Vallet, JL Pannier, AK AF Miles, J. R. Sargus, C. N. Plautz, S. A. Vallet, J. L. Pannier, A. K. TI DIFFERENTIAL GENE REGULATION OF STEROIDOGENIC TRANSCRIPTS AND ESTRADIOL PRODUCTION FOLLOWING IN VITRO PIG EMBRYO ELONGATION IN ALGINATE HYDROGEL THREE-DIMENSIONAL MATRIX SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miles, J. R.; Vallet, J. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Sargus, C. N.; Plautz, S. A.; Pannier, A. K.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2012 VL 24 IS 1 MA 99 BP 162 EP 162 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 856NA UT WOS:000297647800112 ER PT J AU Dai, ZH Trettin, CC Li, CS Li, H Sun, G Amatya, DM AF Dai, Zhaohua Trettin, Carl C. Li, Changsheng Li, Harbin Sun, Ge Amatya, Devendra M. TI Effect of Assessment Scale on Spatial and Temporal Variations in CH4, CO2, and N2O Fluxes in a Forested Wetland SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Forest-DNDC; forested wetland; greenhouse gases; carbon cycling ID SYSTEME HYDROLOGIQUE EUROPEEN; DISTRIBUTED MODELING SYSTEM; NITROUS-OXIDE EVOLUTION; PROCESS-ORIENTED MODEL; MIKE SHE MODEL; CARBON DYNAMICS; RAINFALL EVENTS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COASTAL-PLAIN AB Emissions of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) from a forested watershed (160 ha) in South Carolina, USA, were estimated with a spatially explicit watershed-scale modeling framework that utilizes the spatial variations in physical and biogeochemical characteristics across watersheds. The target watershed (WS80) consisting of wetland (23%) and upland (77%) was divided into 675 grid cells, and each of the cells had unique combination of vegetation, hydrology, soil properties, and topography. Driven by local climate, topography, soil, and vegetation conditions, MIKE SHE was used to generate daily flows as well as water table depth for each grid cell across the watershed. Forest-DNDC was then run for each cell to calculate its biogeochemistry including daily fluxes of the three greenhouse gases (GHGs). The simulated daily average CH4, CO2 and N2O flux from the watershed were 17.9 mg C, 1.3 g C and 0.7 mg N m(-2), respectively, during the period from 2003-2007. The average contributions of the wetlands to the CH4, CO2 and N2O emissions were about 95%, 20% and 18%, respectively. The spatial and temporal variation in the modeled CH4, CO2 and N2O fluxes were large, and closely related to hydrological conditions. To understand the impact of spatial heterogeneity in physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the target watershed on GHG emissions, we used Forest-DNDC in a coarse mode (field scale), in which the entire watershed was set as a single simulated unit, where all hydrological, biogeochemical, and biophysical conditions were considered uniform. The results from the field-scale model differed from those modeled with the watershed-scale model which considered the spatial differences in physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the catchment. This contrast demonstrates that the spatially averaged topographic or biophysical conditions which are inherent with field-scale simulations could mask "hot spots" or small source areas with inherently high GHGs flux rates. The spatial resolution in conjunction with coupled hydrological and biogeochemical models could play a crucial role in reducing uncertainty of modeled GHG emissions from wetland-involved watersheds. C1 [Dai, Zhaohua; Li, Changsheng] Univ New Hampshire, EOS, CSRC, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Dai, Zhaohua; Trettin, Carl C.; Li, Harbin; Amatya, Devendra M.] US Forest Serv, CFWR, USDA, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. [Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, EFETAC, SRS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Dai, ZH (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, EOS, CSRC, 8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM zdai@fs.fed.us NR 41 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 11 U2 81 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 223 IS 1 BP 253 EP 265 DI 10.1007/s11270-011-0855-0 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 858XN UT WOS:000297836600021 ER PT J AU Sverdrup, H McDonnell, TC Sullivan, TJ Nihlgard, B Belyazid, S Rihm, B Porter, E Bowman, WD Geiser, L AF Sverdrup, Harald McDonnell, Todd C. Sullivan, Timothy J. Nihlgard, Bengt Belyazid, Salim Rihm, Beat Porter, Ellen Bowman, William D. Geiser, Linda TI Testing the Feasibility of Using the ForSAFE-VEG Model to Map the Critical Load of Nitrogen to Protect Plant Biodiversity in the Rocky Mountains Region, USA SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen; Climate; Eutrophication; Alpine; Vegetation ID SOIL ACIDIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; DEPOSITION; CHEMISTRY; VEGETATION; DIVERSITY; MARYLAND AB The ForSAFE-VEG model was used to estimate atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate effects on soil chemistry and ground vegetation in alpine and subalpine zones of the northern and central Rocky Mountains region in the USA from 1750 to 2500. Model simulations for a generalized site illustrated how the critical load of atmospheric nitrogen deposition could be estimated to protect plant biodiversity. The results appear reasonable compared with past model applications in northern Europe. Atmospheric N deposition critical loads estimated to protect plant biodiversity were 1 to 2 kg N/ha/year. This range could be greater, depending on the values selected for critical site-specific parameters (precipitation, temperature, soil chemistry, plant nutrient uptake, and any eventual harvest of biomass) and the amount of biodiversity change allowed. C1 [McDonnell, Todd C.; Sullivan, Timothy J.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Sverdrup, Harald; Nihlgard, Bengt; Belyazid, Salim] Lund Univ, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. [Rihm, Beat] Meteotest AG, CH-8001 Bern, Switzerland. [Porter, Ellen] Natl Pk Serv, Air Resources Div, Denver, CO USA. [Bowman, William D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Geiser, Linda] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Reg Air Resources Management Program, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Sullivan, TJ (reprint author), E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. EM harald.sverdrup@chemeng.lth.se; tim.sullivan@ESEnvironmental.com FU National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Denver Colorado, through E&S Environmental Chemistry, Inc.; Swedish Critical Loads Programme; Swedish Environmental Protection Agency FX This study was funded by the National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Denver Colorado, through a contract with E&S Environmental Chemistry, Inc. Vegetation response data for the Rocky Mountains region were provided by the Denver Workshop participants. The participation of Dr. B. Nihlgard was sponsored by the Swedish Critical Loads Programme, funded by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 223 IS 1 BP 371 EP 387 DI 10.1007/s11270-011-0865-y PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 858XN UT WOS:000297836600031 ER PT J AU Shen, JC Wyman, CE AF Shen, Jiacheng Wyman, Charles E. TI Application of a reaction model to improve calculation of the sugar recovery standard for sugar analysis SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE biomass; glucose; xylose; HPLC; kinetic model; sugar recovery standard; sugar analysis AB A kinetic model was applied to improve determination of the sugar recovery standard (SRS) for biomass analysis. Three sets of xylose (0.101.00 g/L and 0.99919.995 g/L) and glucose (0.2061.602g/L) concentrations were measured by HPLC following reaction of each for 1h. Then, parameters in a kinetic model were fit to the resulting sugar concentration data, and the model was applied to predict the initial sugar concentrations and the best SRS value (SRSp). The initial sugar concentrations predicted by the model agreed with the actual initial sugar concentrations. Although the SRSe calculated directly from experimental data oscillated considerably with sugar concentration, the SRSp trend was smooth. Statistical analysis of errors and application of the F-test confirmed that application of the model reduced experimental errors in SRSe. Reference SRSe values are reported for the three series of concentrations. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012;109: 300305. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Shen, Jiacheng; Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Bourns Coll Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Shen, Jiacheng] ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, USDA, Kimberly, ID USA. [Wyman, Charles E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Chem & Environm Engn Dept, Bourns Coll Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Shen, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Bourns Coll Engn, 1084 Columbia Ave, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM shenj417@yahoo.com FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); Army Research Lab (ARL) [W911NF-09-2-0010/09-005334 C 00]; Army Research Lab (ARL) through the Defense Science Office [W911NF-09-2-0010/09-005334 C 00]; Ford Motor Company FX Contract grant sponsor: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); Contract grant sponsor: Army Research Lab (ARL); Contract grant number: W911NF-09-2-0010/09-005334 C 00; This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and Army Research Lab (ARL) through the Defense Science Office Cooperative Agreement W911NF-09-2-0010/09-005334 C 00 (Surf-Cat: Catalysts for production of JP-8 range molecules from lignocellulosic biomass). The views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this article are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies, either expressed or implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or the Department of Defense. The authors also appreciate the Center for Environmental Research and Technology of the Bourns College of Engineering (CE-CERT) at the University of California, Riverside (UCR) for providing key equipment and facilities. The second author is grateful to the Ford Motor Company for funding the Chair in Environmental Engineering at CE-CERT that augments support for many projects such as this. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 109 IS 1 BP 300 EP 305 DI 10.1002/bit.23277 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 849FF UT WOS:000297110300032 PM 21809326 ER PT J AU Rau, BM Tausch, R Reiner, A Johnson, DW Chambers, JC Blank, RR AF Rau, B. M. Tausch, R. Reiner, A. Johnson, D. W. Chambers, J. C. Blank, R. R. TI Developing a model framework for predicting effects of woody expansion and fire on ecosystem carbon and nitrogen in a pinyon-juniper woodland SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Fuels management; Prescribed fire; Woodland expansion ID GREAT-BASIN; PLANT ENCROACHMENT; SAGEBRUSH STEPPE; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GRASSLAND; BIOMASS; STORAGE; STOCKS; POOLS; COVER AB Sagebrush-steppe ecosystems are one of the most threatened ecosystems in North America due to woodland expansion, wildfire, and exotic annual grass invasion. Some scientists and policy makers have suggested that woodland expansion will lead to increased carbon (C) storage on the landscape. To assess this potential we used data collected from a Joint Fire Sciences Program demonstration area to develop a Microsoft Excel (TM) based biomass, carbon, and nitrogen (N) spreadsheet model. The model uses input for tree cover, soil chemistry, soil physical properties, and vegetation chemistry to estimate biomass, carbon, and nitrogen accumulation on the landscape with woodland expansion. The model also estimates C and N losses associated with prescribed burning. On our study plots we estimate in treeless sagebrush-steppe ecosystems, biomass accounts for 4.5 Mg ha(-1) C and 0.3 Mg ha(-1) N this is <10% of total estimated ecosystem C and N to a soil depth of 53 cm, but as tree cover increases to near closed canopy conditions aboveground biomass may account for 62 Mg ha(-1) C and 0.6 Mg ha(-1) N which is nearly 53% of total estimated ecosystem C and 13% of total estimated ecosystem N to a soil depth of 53 cm. Prescribed burning removes aboveground biomass, C and N, but may increase soil C at areal tree cover below 26%. The model serves as a tool by which we are able to assess our understanding of the system and identify knowledge gaps which exist for this ecosystem. We believe that further work is necessary to quantify herbaceous biomass, root biomass, woody debris decomposition, and soil C and N with woodland expansion and prescribed fire. It will also be necessary to appropriately scale these estimates from the plot to the landscape. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rau, B. M.; Johnson, D. W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Tausch, R.; Chambers, J. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Reiner, A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Adapt Management Serv Enterprise Team, Sparks, NV 89431 USA. [Blank, R. R.] Agicultural Res Serv, USDA, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Rau, BM (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1000 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM brau@unr.nevada.edu; rtausch@fs.fed.us; areiner@fs.fed.us; dwj@cabnr.unr.edu; jchambers@fs.fed.us; blank@unr.nevada.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Joint Fire Sciences Program FX This research was funded in by the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station and Joint Fire Sciences Program. This paper is Contribution Number 24 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP). We thank Anne Lucchesi and Tye Morgan for assistance with sample preparation and analyses. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 76 BP 97 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.06.005 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849QH UT WOS:000297139700014 ER PT J AU Donnermeyer, CJ Drezner, TD AF Donnermeyer, C. J. Drezner, T. D. TI Cohort establishment on slopes: Growth rates, demographic patterns, and the relationship to volcanic eruptions SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Cactaceae; Carnegiea gigantea; Population structure; Saguaro cactus; Sonoran Desert ID SAGUARO CARNEGIEA-GIGANTEA; NORTHERN SONORAN DESERT; AMERICAN RANGE; REGENERATION; CACTACEAE; SUBSTRATE; LINK; AGE AB Little is known about keystone Carnegiea gigantea's populations and the global-scale factors that influence its distribution and regeneration success. We sampled 300 plants on a north- and on a south-facing slope, determined age structure, and compared results to those of other studies in topographically flat areas using regression and ANOVA. We found that growth rates are about the same for the two slopes, but more young Carnegiea were documented on the south-facing than on the north-facing slope, likely due to microclimatic differences and susceptibilities. Fewer individuals were represented in the higher age classes than often found in topographically flat populations. We found that individuals are faster growing on slopes than on flats, likely due to differences in sediment size and make-up. Finally, a recent study linked worldwide volcanism with cohort establishment in topographically flat areas. We found that successful cohort establishment in both populations (north- and south-facing) was significantly higher during years with greater volcanic activity (and the years that were subsequently influenced by airborne materials ejected from the eruption), the first such observation for sloped populations. Volcanic eruptions occurring worldwide impact the regeneration success of this species, and in a variety of topographic settings, extending our previous knowledge of the link between global geologic events and climate change with the regeneration of this species locally (the first ever documented), which with further research will surely be extended to other species in other biomes worldwide. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Donnermeyer, C. J.] US Forest Serv, Trout Lake, WA 98650 USA. [Drezner, T. D.] York Univ, Dept Geog, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. RP Drezner, TD (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Geog, N430 Ross,4700 Keele St, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. EM drezner@yorku.ca NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 76 BP 133 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.08.017 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849QH UT WOS:000297139700018 ER PT J AU D'Souza, A AF D'Souza, Anna TI The OECD Anti-Bribery Convention: Changing the currents of trade SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Gravity model; International trade; Corruption; OECD Anti-Bribery Convention ID CORRUPTION; GRAVITY; PATTERN AB This paper examines how criminalizing the act of bribing a foreign public official affects international trade flows using a watershed global anti-corruption initiative - the 1997 OECD Anti-Bribery Convention. I exploit variation in the timing of implementation by exporting countries and in the level of corruption of importing countries to quantify the Convention's effects on bilateral exports. I use a large panel of country pairs to control for confounding global and national trends and shocks. I find that, on average, the Convention caused a reduction in exports from signatory countries to high corruption importers relative to low corruption importers. In particular, we observe a 5.7% relative decline in bilateral exports to importers that lie one standard deviation lower on the Worldwide Governance Indicators corruption index. This suggests that by creating large penalties for foreign bribery, the Convention indirectly increased transaction costs between signatory countries and high corruption importers. The Convention may have induced OECD firms to divert their exports to less corrupt countries; while non-OECD firms not bound by the Convention may have increased their exports to corrupt countries. I also find evidence that the Convention's effects differed across product categories. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP D'Souza, A (reprint author), ERS, USDA, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC USA. EM adsouza@ers.usda.gov NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3878 J9 J DEV ECON JI J. Dev. Econ. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 97 IS 1 BP 73 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2011.01.002 PG 15 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 850WM UT WOS:000297230300007 ER PT J AU Yang, CC Kim, MS Kang, S Cho, BK Chao, KL Lefcourt, AM Chan, DE AF Yang, Chun-Chieh Kim, Moon S. Kang, Sukwon Cho, Byoung-Kwan Chao, Kuanglin Lefcourt, Alan M. Chan, Diane E. TI Red to far-red multispectral fluorescence image fusion for detection of fecal contamination on apples SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Multispectral algorithm; Hyperspectral images; Line-scan; Apples; Fecal contamination; Food safety ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; MACHINE VISION SYSTEM; STEM; RECOGNITION AB This research developed and evaluated three multispectral algorithms derived from hyperspectral line-scan fluorescence imaging using violet LED excitation for the detection of fecal contamination on Golden Delicious apples. The algorithms utilized the fluorescence intensities at four wavebands, 680, 684, 720, and 780 nm, for computation of simple functions for effective detection of contamination spots created on the apple surfaces using four concentrations of aqueous fecal dilutions. The algorithms detected more than 99% of the fecal spots. The effective detection of feces showed that a simple multispectral fluorescence imaging algorithm based on violet LED excitation may be appropriate to detect fecal contamination on high-speed apple processing lines. This fast and non-destructive method for detection of fecal contamination can be implemented in the food and agricultural industries to help in risk reduction and food safety assurance for preventing or minimizing the potential foodborne illness. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yang, Chun-Chieh; Kim, Moon S.; Chao, Kuanglin; Chan, Diane E.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kang, Sukwon] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Suwon 441100, South Korea. [Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Taejon 305764, South Korea. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 303 BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Moon.kim@ars.usda.gov FU Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ007208] FX This work was partially supported by a grant from the BioGreen 21 Program (No. PJ007208), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 108 IS 2 BP 312 EP 319 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.08.008 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 846UE UT WOS:000296927900009 ER PT J AU Qin, JW Burks, TF Zhao, XH Niphadkar, N Ritenour, MA AF Qin, Jianwei Burks, Thomas F. Zhao, Xuhui Niphadkar, Nikhil Ritenour, Mark A. TI Development of a two-band spectral imaging system for real-time citrus canker detection SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Multispectral imaging; Online inspection; Real-time image processing; Citrus canker; Disease detection ID INSPECTION AB Inspection of citrus canker is crucial due to its fast spread, high damage potential, and massive impact on export and domestic trade. This research was aimed to develop a prototype for real-time citrus canker detection. An inspection module was developed on a one-line commercial fruit sorting machine. Twenty tungsten halogen spotlights coupled with an aluminum dome painted with white diffuse paint provided reflectance illumination to the fruits in the detection chamber. The camera unit was a two-band spectral imaging system, which mainly consisted of a beamsplitter, two bandpass filters with central wavelengths at 730 and 830 nm, and two identical monochrome cameras. Using an exposure time of 10 ms, the imaging system can capture narrowband images without blurring from samples moving at a speed of 5 fruits/5. Spatial resolution of the acquired images was 2.3 pixels/mm. Real-time image processing and classification algorithms were developed based on a two-band ratio approach (i.e., R830/R730). The system was tested using 360 grapefruits with normal surface, canker lesions, and other peel diseases and defects. The overall classification accuracy was 95.3%, demonstrating that the methodology as well as the hardware and the software are effective and suitable for real-time citrus canker detection. Greasy spot, melanose, and sooty mold could generate false positive errors for the fruits without canker. The current system setup was limited to a single perspective view of the fruits. Future work will be conducted with an emphasis on whole surface inspection of each fruit. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Qin, Jianwei; Burks, Thomas F.; Zhao, Xuhui; Niphadkar, Nikhil] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ritenour, Mark A.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Qin, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Bldg 303,BARC E,0300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jianwei.qin@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Fresh Packer Association FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Florida Fresh Packer Association and USDA Technicalx Assistance for Specialty Crops. The authors would also like to thank Mr. Greg Pugh and Mr. Mike Zingaro of University of Florida, for their help in building the citrus canker detection system. NR 14 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 108 IS 1 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.07.022 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 839XG UT WOS:000296402200011 ER PT J AU Tisserat, B O'kuru, RH Cermak, SC Evangelista, RL Doll, KM AF Tisserat, Brent O'kuru, Rogers Harry Cermak, Steven C. Evangelista, Roque L. Doll, Kenneth M. TI Potential uses for cuphea oil processing byproducts and processed oils SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Fatty acids; Growth regulation; Bio-herbicide; Broccoli; Soil amendments; Calorific values; Bio-energy fuels ID FATTY-ACIDS; SEED YIELD; CAKES AB Cuphea spp. have seeds that contain high levels of medium chain fatty acids and have the potential to be commercially cultivated. In the course of processing and refining cuphea oil a number of byproducts are generated. Developing commercial uses for these byproducts would improve the economics of growing cuphea. Oil fractions and byproducts were obtained from processed seeds of cuphea germplasm line PSR 23 (Cuphea viscosissima x Cuphea lanceolata). We investigated the employment of oil byproducts as growth regulators and solid residues as organic soil amendments on Calabrese broccoli (Brassica oleracea L, family Brassicaceae) seedling growth. Seed processing solid residue fractions, included presscake, bin trash; stem trash and seed trash. These fractions were ground and mixed into soil to obtain concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 3, and 10% (w/w). Ground presscake and bin trash could be employed as an organic soil amendment up to 1% without detrimental effects on broccoli. Ground seed meal (seed trash) was detrimental to seedling growth at all concentrations tested. Stem trash employed at 1% caused fresh and dry weights to increase 26.8 and 29.8%, respectively, compared to untreated broccoli seedlings. Stem trash could be employed up to 10% without a detrimental effect on broccoli seedlings. Solvent extraction to remove residual oils from residue fractions was also conducted to generate improved soil amendments. Generally, solvent extraction of seed-processing residue fractions improved the broccoli seedling growth responses. Administration of processed oils and their byproduct fractions as foliar sprays on broccoli seedlings was conducted at rates of 0, 10, 30, and 50 g L(-1). Plants were evaluated 72 h after spraying. Refined and crude oils had no effect on broccoli seedlings; gums and soapstock sprays had no effect at 10 or 30 g V concentrations but at 50 g V it killed seedlings. Distilled fatty acid fraction sprays killed broccoli seedlings at all tested concentrations. Certain oil byproduct fractions from cuphea oil processing can be employed as "environmentally-friendly" herbicidal sprays. Calorific evaluation of cuphea ag-wastes were conducted and found to compare well to other biomass energy sources. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tisserat, Brent] ARS, USDA, Natl Agr Res Ctr, Funct Foods Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [O'kuru, Rogers Harry; Cermak, Steven C.; Evangelista, Roque L.; Doll, Kenneth M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Agr Res Ctr, Biooils Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Tisserat, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Agr Res Ctr, Funct Foods Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Brent.Tisserat@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.06.019 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 836KN UT WOS:000296110700015 ER PT J AU Dierig, DA Wang, GS Crafts-Brandner, SJ AF Dierig, D. A. Wang, G. S. Crafts-Brandner, S. J. TI Dynamics of reproductive growth of lesquerella (Physaria fendleri) over different planting dates SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Lesquerella; Physaria; Biomass; Flowering; Phenology; Hydroxy fatty acids ID BRASSICA-NAPUS-L; SEED PRODUCTION; OILS; ESTOLIDES; FLOWER; YIELD; SET AB Vegetative and reproductive growth information of lesquerella (Physaria fendleri), a new oilseed crop targeted for bio-products, is important to understand especially in the early commercialization stage of this new crop. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of fall, winter, and spring planting dates over three years on the ontogeny of the crop including biomass, floral buds, flowers, and siliques. Fall plantings always produced more than the other plantings due to the extended season. Winter and spring plantings had less biomass and produced fewer buds, flowers, and siliques. The compensation of lower crop management costs and a shorter growing season could make winter a viable option for planting in the southwest. Spring planting could become viable if seed shatter due to summer rains could be reduced. The information will help decide growing regions suitable for crop production and determine what reproductive stages could be manipulated to improve seed yields. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dierig, D. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Wang, G. S.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85019 USA. [Crafts-Brandner, S. J.] BASF Plant Sci LLC, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Dierig, D. A.; Crafts-Brandner, S. J.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. RP Dierig, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM David.Dierig@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 146 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.06.027 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 836KN UT WOS:000296110700020 ER PT J AU Cruz, VMV Romano, G Dierig, DA AF Cruz, Von Mark V. Romano, Gabriela Dierig, David A. TI Effects of after-ripening and storage regimens on seed-germination behavior of seven species of Physaria SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Physaria; Lesquerella; Genebank; Seed dormancy; After-ripening; GA(3) ID LESQUERELLA-FENDLERI; CROPS; TEMPERATURES AB The after-ripening response has been well documented in many plant species but studies of this topic are lacking in many new oilseed crops such as Physaria. In a factorial experiment, we tested the effect of different after-ripening periods and germination conditions on freshly harvested seeds of seven Physaria species, Physaria argyraea. Physaria fendleri, Physaria gracilis, Physaria rectipes, Physaria recurvata, Physaria sessilis, and Physaria thamnophila. The seeds were stored for 4 and 12 weeks over two saturated salt solutions (LiCl and MgCl(2)) to equilibrate seed moisture at three storage temperatures (5, 25, and 35 degrees C). We likewise tested a dormancy-breaking protocol on these species by using conditions previously recommended for use in genebanks for P. fendleri. The germination tests were conducted with light (1052 lux) and gibberellic acid (GA(3)) (100 ppm) and without them. Results suggested that conditions previously set for P. fendleri are also adequate for P. gracilis, P. recurvata, and P. sessilis, but may still be not optimal for the perennial species, P. argyraea, P. thamnophila, and P. rectipes. Overall, higher germination percentages were obtained with light and GA(3) treatments. In all species, we observed slight differences between total germination results after 4 weeks and 12 weeks of storage, with higher values evident only in P. fendleri, P. recurvata, and P. thamnophila after their fresh seeds were subjected to 12 weeks of after-ripening at warm temperatures. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cruz, Von Mark V.; Dierig, David A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Romano, Gabriela] USDA ARS, Natl Arid Land Plant Genet Resources Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Dierig, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM david.dierig@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.06.034 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 836KN UT WOS:000296110700026 ER PT J AU Jenderek, MM Dierig, DA Isbell, TA AF Jenderek, M. M. Dierig, D. A. Isbell, T. A. TI Fatty-acid profile of Lesquerella germplasm in the National Plant Germplasm System collection (vol 29, pg 154, 2009) SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Correction C1 [Jenderek, M. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Dierig, D. A.] USDA ARS, US Arid Lands Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Isbell, T. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jenderek, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 S Mason, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM maria.jenderek@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 1 BP 317 EP 317 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.07.002 PG 1 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 836KN UT WOS:000296110700048 ER PT J AU Ma, Z Butler, BJ Kittredge, DB Catanzaro, P AF Ma, Zhao Butler, Brett J. Kittredge, David B. Catanzaro, Paul TI Factors associated with landowner involvement in forest conservation programs in the US: Implications for policy design and outreach SO LAND USE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Cost-share; Forest certification; Conservation easement; Non-industrial private forest; Landowner decision making; National Woodland Owner Survey ID COST-SHARE PROGRAMS; REFORESTATION INVESTMENT; UNITED-STATES; CERTIFICATION; OWNERS; MOTIVATIONS; MANAGEMENT; MINNESOTA; LANDSCAPE; THINK AB One-third of the forestland in the U.S. is owned by 10.4 million family forest owners. Their collective decisions have a great impact on the sustainability of forest landscape across the country. Public policies and programs for encouraging landowners to properly manage their land include cost-share, forest certification, and conservation easements. However, to date, less than 6% of the family forest owners have participated in a cost-share program, less than 1% have certified their land, and less than 2% have an easement. By analyzing data from USDA Forest Service's National Woodland Owner Survey, we examined the characteristics of family forest owners who had participated in these programs and identified strategies to capitalize on these landowner characteristics to improve current programs and attract a wider range of participants. We found that family forest owners with larger land holdings were more likely to participate in all three types of programs. Obtaining forest management information or advice was important for program participation; however, the effects differed depending on the types of programs and the sources of information. Income was not significant in predicting participation in cost-share programs, implying family forest owners from lower-income strata were not more likely to use cost-share program. The results also suggest the importance of targeting the right audience when promoting forest certification programs, namely those who are participants of cost-share programs, own forestland for reasons other than farming or ranching, and plan to harvest sawlogs or pulpwood in the future. Age was not significant in any of the empirical models. This result is particularly intriguing in the context of conservation easement, considering recent discussions about the high cost of dying unprepared and the potential for promoting conservation easement as part of estate planning among older family forest owners. Finally, few variables were significant in the model predicting landowner decision about donating or selling an easement, suggesting the easement decision is very different from cost-share and forest certification decisions and further efforts are needed to understand the dynamics of this increasingly popular conservation policy tool. In summary, this study provides a better understanding of the relationship between program participation and the demographics, attitudes and behaviors of family forest owners. This understanding contributes to the development of outreach strategies for improving landowner interest in forest conservation programs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ma, Zhao] Utah State Univ, Dept Environm & Soc, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Butler, Brett J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Kittredge, David B.; Catanzaro, Paul] Univ Massachusetts Amherst, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Ma, Z (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Environm & Soc, 5215 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM zhao.ma@usu.edu; bbutler01@fs.fed.us; dbk@nrc.umass.edu; cat@umext.umass.edu RI Ma, Zhao/M-7657-2013 OI Ma, Zhao/0000-0002-9103-3996 NR 55 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-8377 J9 LAND USE POLICY JI Land Use Pol. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 29 IS 1 BP 53 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.05.004 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 835MU UT WOS:000296041300006 ER PT J AU Nicklas, TA O'Neil, CE Zanovec, M Keast, DR Fulgoni, VL AF Nicklas, Theresa A. O'Neil, Carol E. Zanovec, Michael Keast, Debra R. Fulgoni, Victor L., III TI Contribution of beef consumption to nutrient intake, diet quality, and food patterns in the diets of the US population SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Beef; Nutrient intake; Diet quality; Healthy Eating Index; Food patterns; NHANES ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PROTEIN-INTAKE; LEAN BEEF; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MEAT CONSUMPTION; SATURATED FAT AB This study examined the association between the nutrient contribution of beef, in its lowest and highest fat forms, and diet quality and food patterns in individuals 4 + years of age. Beef consumers were categorized into three groups (lowest lean/highest fat [UHF]; middle lean/middle fat content; and highest lean/lowest fat [HLLF]) based on the lean and fat content of beef consumed. Compared to non-beef consumers, HLLF consumers had higher intakes of vitamins B(6) and B(12), iron, zinc, and potassium. Non-beef consumers had higher intakes of thiamin, folate, calcium, and magnesium than HLLF beef consumers. The HLLF group had significantly higher intakes of vitamins A, C, B(6), and B(12); niacin; phosphorus; magnesium; iron; zinc; and potassium, protein and lower intakes of total energy; total fat; SFA; MUFA; total carbohydrates. There was no difference in diet quality between HLLF beef consumers and non-beef consumers. Moderate consumption of lean beef contributes to intakes of selected nutrients and diet quality was similar to non-beef consumers. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Neil, Carol E.; Zanovec, Michael] Louisiana State Univ Agr Ctr, Sch Human Ecol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Keast, Debra R.] Food & Nutr Database Res Inc, Okemos, MI 48864 USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI 49014 USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates Ave, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.edu RI Wright, Lori/G-7315-2011 FU Beef Checkoff, through the National Cattlemen's Beef Association; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [LAB 93951]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-003] FX This work was supported by the Beef Checkoff, through the National Cattlemen's Beef Association, and partial support was received from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Hatch Project LAB 93951. This work is a publication of the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas and was also funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under the Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6-003. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government The authors thank Bee Wong for help in obtaining research articles and Nisha Jamal for help formatting the manuscript. NR 57 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD JAN PY 2012 VL 90 IS 1 BP 152 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.06.021 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 834ZQ UT WOS:000296003400022 PM 21752554 ER PT J AU Amaro, AL Beaulieu, JC Grimm, CC Stein, RE Almeida, DPF AF Amaro, Ana L. Beaulieu, John C. Grimm, Casey C. Stein, Rebecca E. Almeida, Domingos P. F. TI Effect of oxygen on aroma volatiles and quality of fresh-cut cantaloupe and honeydew melons SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aroma; Cucumis melo; Minimal processing; Modified atmosphere packaging; Quality ID CUCUMIS-MELO; CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE; MALUS-DOMESTICA; FRUIT; STORAGE; APPLES; BIOSYNTHESIS; CUCUMBERS; ETHYLENE; ESTERS AB Cantaloupe and honeydew melon cultivars were processed and stored under a high oxygen passive modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) or reduced oxygen controlled atmosphere (CA; 5 kPa O(2) + 10 kPa CO(2) and balance N(2)) for 14 days at 5 degrees C. Atmosphere did not affect softening rate or soluble solids content and had a negligible effect on colour. Volatile compounds known as flavour-important in melons were extracted using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) and quantified via GC-MS. Acetate esters increased more in MAP than in CA. Non-acetate esters increased markedly in both cultivars and storage types. Alcohols were more abundant in honeydew than in cantaloupe. Aldehydes decreased during storage in both cultivars and storage types. Lower O(2) availability under CA conditions likely suppressed some of the esters relevant to the aroma of fresh-cut melon. Results suggest that package O(2) levels are more important in determining aroma than other quality attributes of fresh-cut melon, and high O(2) levels may be required to reveal desirable aroma compounds. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Almeida, Domingos P. F.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Amaro, Ana L.; Almeida, Domingos P. F.] Univ Catolica Portuguesa, Escola Super Biotecnol, CBQF, P-4200072 Oporto, Portugal. [Beaulieu, John C.; Grimm, Casey C.; Stein, Rebecca E.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Almeida, DPF (reprint author), Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Rua Campo Alegre 687, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. EM dalmeida@fc.up.pt RI Almeida, Domingos/F-1835-2010; OI Almeida, Domingos/0000-0001-8429-8585; Amaro, Ana/0000-0002-0857-8232; Beaulieu, John/0000-0001-7767-5901 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal) [SFRH/BD/39143/2007, PTDC/AGR-ALI/66144/2006] FX This work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal) through a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/39143/2007) to A.L. Amaro and project PTDC/AGR-ALI/66144/2006. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JAN 1 PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP 49 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.06.052 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 830OK UT WOS:000295666100007 ER PT J AU Deadman, ML Al-Sadi, AM Al-Maqbali, YM Farr, DF Aime, MC AF Deadman, M. L. Al-Sadi, A. M. Al-Maqbali, Y. M. Farr, D. F. Aime, M. C. TI Additions to the rust fungi (Pucciniales) from northern Oman SO SYDOWIA LA English DT Article DE Arabian Peninsula; arid regions; biodiversity; Hajar Mountains; Uredinales ID 1ST REPORT; UREDINALES AB Deadman M.L., A.M. Al-Sadi, Y.M. Al-Maqbali, D.F. Farr, & M.C. Aime. (2011) An annotated list of the rust fungi (Pucciniales) from northern Oman. - Sydowia 63 (2): 155-168. The first compilation of the rust fungi occurring in the Sultanate of Oman is presented based on historical records and numerous recent collections, primarily from agricultural hosts. The study compiles data for 16 species of Pucciniales in northern Oman, along with voucher and sequence data and presents new distribution data for three of these. Species are also listed by host plant family. C1 [Deadman, M. L.; Al-Sadi, A. M.; Al-Maqbali, Y. M.] Sultan Qaboos Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Coll Agr & Marine Sci, Al Khoud 123, Oman. [Farr, D. F.] USDA ARS, Systemat Bot & Mycol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Aime, M. C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Deadman, ML (reprint author), Sultan Qaboos Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Coll Agr & Marine Sci, POB 34, Al Khoud 123, Oman. EM mikedead@squ.edu.om; alsadi@squ.edu.om; ymohd@squ.edu.om; maime@agcenter.lsu.edu RI Al-Sadi, Abdullah/D-6766-2012 OI Al-Sadi, Abdullah/0000-0002-3419-8268 FU Louisiana Board of Regents [LEQSF-2009-12-RD-A-01]; USDA-APHIS [10-8100-1530-CA] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge those who assisted with the collection of specimens, particularly Saleh Al Jahdhami, Ali Al Subhi, Masoud Al Azri and Mahmoud Al Ansari, and Dr. Annette Patzelt, Oman Botanic Garden, for assistance with plant identification, and two reviewers for their thoughtful critiques which greatly improved this manuscript. MCA thanks Cindy Park and Raman Kaur for molecular laboratory assistance and Louisiana Board of Regents (LEQSF-2009-12-RD-A-01) and USDA-APHIS (10-8100-1530-CA) for support of laboratory work. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU VERLAG FERDINAND BERGER SOHNE GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI HORN PA WIENER STRASSE 21-23, 3580 HORN, AUSTRIA SN 0082-0598 J9 SYDOWIA JI Sydowia PD DEC 31 PY 2011 VL 63 IS 2 BP 155 EP 168 PG 14 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 881NX UT WOS:000299494500003 ER PT J AU Partipilo, G D'Addabbo, P Lacalandra, GM Liu, GE Rocchi, M AF Partipilo, Giulia D'Addabbo, Pietro Lacalandra, Giovanni M. Liu, George E. Rocchi, Mariano TI Refinement of Bos taurus sequence assembly based on BAC-FISH experiments SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cow genome; alternate assemblies of cow genomes; genomic comparison; unassigned scaffolds; BAC-FISH mapping ID RECENT SEGMENTAL DUPLICATIONS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; EVOLUTION; SUBTELOMERES; CATTLE AB Background: The sequencing of the cow genome was recently published (Btau_4.0 assembly). A second, alternate cow genome assembly (UMD2), based on the same raw sequence data, was also published. The two assemblies have been subsequently updated to Btau_4.2 and UMD3.1, respectively. Results: We compared the Btau_4.2 and UMD3.1 alternate assemblies. Inconsistencies were grouped into three main categories: (i) DNA segments showing almost coincidental chromosomal mapping but discordant orientation (inversions); (ii) DNA segments showing a discordant map position along the same chromosome; and (iii) sequences present in one chromosomal assembly but absent in the corresponding chromosome of the other assembly. The latter category mainly consisted of large amounts of scaffolds that were unassigned in Btau_4.2 but successfully mapped in UMD3.1. We sampled 70 inconsistencies and identified appropriate cow BACs for each of them. These clones were then utilized in FISH experiments on cow metaphase or interphase nuclei in order to disambiguate the discrepancies. In almost all instances the FISH results agreed with the UMD3.1 assembly. Occasionally, however, the mapping data of both assemblies were discordant with the FISH results. Conclusions: Our work demonstrates how FISH, which is assembly independent, can be efficiently used to solve assembly problems frequently encountered using the shotgun approach. C1 [Partipilo, Giulia; D'Addabbo, Pietro; Rocchi, Mariano] Univ Bari, Dept Biol, I-70125 Bari, Italy. [Lacalandra, Giovanni M.] Univ Bari, Dept Anim Prod, Fac Vet Med, I-70010 Valenzano, BA, Italy. [Liu, George E.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Rocchi, M (reprint author), Univ Bari, Dept Biol, Via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy. EM rocchi@biologia.uniba.it RI D'Addabbo, Pietro/D-8551-2016; OI D'Addabbo, Pietro/0000-0003-3325-4931; Lacalandra, Giovanni M/0000-0001-9109-3561; Rocchi, Mariano/0000-0002-9451-5616 FU CEGBA (Centro di Eccellenza Geni in campo Biosanitario e Agroalimentare); MIUR (Ministero Italiano della Universita e della Ricerca) [L.488/92]; NIFA [2007-35205-17869] FX CEGBA (Centro di Eccellenza Geni in campo Biosanitario e Agroalimentare), MIUR (Ministero Italiano della Universita e della Ricerca; Cluster C03, Prog. L.488/92) are gratefully acknowledged for financial support. GEL was supported in part by NRI grant No. 2007-35205-17869 from USDA CSREES (now NIFA). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 30 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 639 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-639 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 887BS UT WOS:000299900900001 PM 22208360 ER PT J AU Glenn, EP Neale, CMU Hunsaker, DJ Nagler, PL AF Glenn, Edward P. Neale, Christopher M. U. Hunsaker, Doug J. Nagler, Pamela L. TI Vegetation index-based crop coefficients to estimate evapotranspiration by remote sensing in agricultural and natural ecosystems SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE MODIS; Landsat; reflectance-based crop coefficients; irrigation scheduling; hydrological cycle; climate change studies ID POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; EDDY COVARIANCE; USE EFFICIENCY; RIPARIAN EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SATELLITE DATA; SOIL-MOISTURE; FLUX TOWERS; MODIS DATA; LEAF-AREA; WATER-USE AB Crop coefficients were developed to determine crop water needs based on the evapotranspiration (ET) of a reference crop under a given set of meteorological conditions. Starting in the 1980s, crop coefficients developed through lysimeter studies or set by expert opinion began to be supplemented by remotely sensed vegetation indices (VI) that measured the actual status of the crop on a field-by-field basis. VIs measure the density of green foliage based on the reflectance of visible and near infrared (NIR) light from the canopy, and are highly correlated with plant physiological processes that depend on light absorption by a canopy such as ET and photosynthesis. Reflectance-based crop coefficients have now been developed for numerous individual crops, including corn, wheat, alfalfa, cotton, potato, sugar beet, vegetables, grapes and orchard crops. Other research has shown that VIs can be used to predict ET over fields of mixed crops, allowing them to be used to monitor ET over entire irrigation districts. VI-based crop coefficients can help reduce agricultural water use by matching irrigation rates to the actual water needs of a crop as it grows instead of to a modeled crop growing under optimal conditions. Recently, the concept has been applied to natural ecosystems at the local, regional and continental scales of measurement, using time-series satellite data from the MODIS sensors on the Terra satellite. VIs or other visible-NIR band algorithms are combined with meteorological data to predict ET in numerous biome types, from deserts, to arctic tundra, to tropical rainforests. These methods often closely match ET measured on the ground at the global FluxNet array of eddy covariance moisture and carbon flux towers. The primary advantage of VI methods for estimating ET is that transpiration is closely related to radiation absorbed by the plant canopy, which is closely related to VIs. The primary disadvantage is that they cannot capture stress effects or soil evaporation. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Glenn, Edward P.] Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. [Neale, Christopher M. U.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hunsaker, Doug J.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Nagler, Pamela L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Glenn, EP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Environm Res Lab, 2601 E Airport Dr, Tucson, AZ 85706 USA. EM eglenn@ag.arizona.edu RI Neale, Christopher/G-3860-2012; Neale, Christopher/P-3676-2015 OI Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410; Neale, Christopher/0000-0002-7199-6410 NR 100 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 110 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD DEC 30 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 26 SI SI BP 4050 EP 4062 DI 10.1002/hyp.8392 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 867TL UT WOS:000298477300007 ER PT J AU Durgan, DJ Pat, BM Laczy, B Bradley, JA Tsai, JY Grenett, MH Ratcliffe, WF Brewer, RA Nagendran, J Villegas-Montoya, C Zou, CH Zou, LY Johnson, RL Dyck, JRB Bray, MS Gamble, KL Chatham, JC Young, ME AF Durgan, David J. Pat, Betty M. Laczy, Boglarka Bradley, Jerry A. Tsai, Ju-Yun Grenett, Maximiliano H. Ratcliffe, William F. Brewer, Rachel A. Nagendran, Jeevan Villegas-Montoya, Carolina Zou, Chenhang Zou, Luyun Johnson, Russell L., Jr. Dyck, Jason R. B. Bray, Molly S. Gamble, Karen L. Chatham, John C. Young, Martin E. TI O-GlcNAcylation, Novel Post-Translational Modification Linking Myocardial Metabolism and Cardiomyocyte Circadian Clock SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CONTRACTILE FUNCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; NUCLEOCYTOPLASMIC PROTEINS; DIURNAL-VARIATIONS; DIABETIC MICE; HEART; RHYTHMS; PHOSPHORYLATION; DISEASE; TRANSCRIPTION AB The cardiomyocyte circadian clock directly regulates multiple myocardial functions in a time-of-day-dependent manner, including gene expression, metabolism, contractility, and ischemic tolerance. These same biological processes are also directly influenced by modification of proteins by monosaccharides of O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). Because the circadian clock and protein O-GlcNAcylation have common regulatory roles in the heart, we hypothesized that a relationship exists between the two. We report that total cardiac protein O-GlcNAc levels exhibit a diurnal variation in mouse hearts, peaking during the active/awake phase. Genetic ablation of the circadian clock specifically in cardiomyocytes in vivo abolishes diurnal variations in cardiac O-GlcNAc levels. These time-of-day- dependent variations appear to be mediated by clock-dependent regulation of O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase protein levels, glucose metabolism/uptake, and glutamine synthesis in an NAD-independent manner. We also identify the clock component Bmal1 as an O-GlcNAc-modified protein. Increasing protein O-GlcNAcylation (through pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAcase) results in diminished Per2 protein levels, time-of-day-dependent induction of bmal1 gene expression, and phase advances in the suprachiasmatic nucleus clock. Collectively, these data suggest that the cardiomyocyte circadian clock increases protein O-GlcNAcylation in the heart during the active/awake phase through coordinated regulation of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and that protein O-GlcNAcylation in turn influences the timing of the circadian clock. C1 [Durgan, David J.; Pat, Betty M.; Bradley, Jerry A.; Grenett, Maximiliano H.; Ratcliffe, William F.; Brewer, Rachel A.; Young, Martin E.] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Laczy, Boglarka; Zou, Chenhang; Zou, Luyun; Chatham, John C.] Univ Alabama, Div Mol & Cellular Pathol, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Johnson, Russell L., Jr.; Gamble, Karen L.] Univ Alabama, Div Behav Neurobiol, Dept Psychiat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Bray, Molly S.] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Tsai, Ju-Yun; Villegas-Montoya, Carolina] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Nagendran, Jeevan; Dyck, Jason R. B.] Univ Alberta, Fac Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada. RP Young, ME (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Dis, 703 19th St S,ZRB 308, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM meyoung@uab.edu OI Gamble, Karen/0000-0003-3813-8577 FU National Institutes of Health [HL074259, HL106199, HL101192, HL079364]; National Science Foundation; Baylor College of Medicine FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grants HL074259 and HL106199 (NHLBI, to M. E. Y.) and HL101192 and HL079364 (NHLBI, to J. C. C.).; Supported by a National Science Foundation GK-12 Fellowship.; Supported by the DeBakey Heart Fund at Baylor College of Medicine. NR 57 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 30 PY 2011 VL 286 IS 52 BP 44606 EP 44619 DI 10.1074/jbc.M111.278903 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 870CA UT WOS:000298645500032 PM 22069332 ER PT J AU Susaya, J Kim, KH Cho, JW Parker, D AF Susaya, Janice Kim, Ki-Hyun Cho, Jin Woo Parker, David TI The use of permeation tube device and the development of empirical formula for accurate permeation rate SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Flow rate; Permeation; Accuracy; Benzene; Toluene; Xylene ID CALIBRATION; MIXTURES; GASES AB A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the accuracy of permeation tube (PT) devices using a calibration gas generator system to measure permeation rate (PR) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Calibration gas standards of benzene, toluene, and m-xylene (BTX) were produced from PTs at varying flow rates (FR) of 20-1200 mL min(-1) and constant temperature (30 degrees C). Results indicate that changes in flow rate greatly affected the permeation rate of each VOC at this temperature. This paper presents experimental approaches to accurately measure actual permeation rate (APR) and the derivation of empirical equations for predicted permeation rate (PPR). If the magnitude of bias is defined as the difference between PPR and the manufacturer's permeation rate (MPR), the bias was typically 19-40% for toluene (T) and 31-54% for m-xylene (X). Benzene (B) exhibited the least bias of 1.4-18.8%, nevertheless our PPR values for benzene were more reliable at lower flow rates (0.75-1.20%). This study highlights the importance of flow rate and associated pressure changes as a key to accurate permeation rate estimation from permeation tube devices. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Susaya, Janice; Kim, Ki-Hyun; Cho, Jin Woo] Sejong Univ, Environm & Energy Dept, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Parker, David] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Kim, KH (reprint author), Sejong Univ, Environm & Energy Dept, 98 Goon Ja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea. EM khkim@sejong.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) [2009-0093848] FX This study was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (no. 2009-0093848). NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD DEC 30 PY 2011 VL 1218 IS 52 BP 9328 EP 9335 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.11.007 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 868NS UT WOS:000298530600005 PM 22129573 ER PT J AU Zhong, XL Zhou, SL Zhu, Q Zhao, QG AF Zhong, Xiao-lan Zhou, Sheng-lu Zhu, Qing Zhao, Qi-guo TI Fraction distribution and bioavailability of soil heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta-A case study of Kunshan City in Jiangsu Province, China SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Heavy metal; Bioavailability; Fraction; Secondary-phase fraction; Industry zone ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; TRACE-ELEMENTS; SEDIMENTS; SPECIATION; ZN; PB; CD; CONTAMINATION; IMPACTS AB Mobility and bioavailability of soil heavy metals strongly depend on their fractions. Secondary-phase fraction (SPF) of heavy metal, including acid-soluble, reducible and oxidizable fractions, is considered as direct and potential hazardous fraction to organisms. The ratio of SPF to the total concentration of heavy metal represents its bioavailability. In this study, 126 topsoil samples were collected in Kunshan, Jiangsu, China. Fraction concentrations of heavy metals, and their bioavailability and spatial distributions were determined, and relationships between their fractions and types of industry zones were analyzed. Results showed that Cd and Pb had the greatest SPFs among all metals (78.61% and 62.60%, respectively). Great SPFs of Cd and Pb were observed in the dyeing and paper-making industry zone, while great SPFs of Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni were in the smelting and plating industry zone. For most metals, fraction distributions were controlled by soil organic matter and clay contents. Spatial principal component analysis showed SPFs of heavy metals can be explained by two principle components (PCs). PC1 represented SPFs of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, while PC2 represented SPFs of Ni and Co. The spatial distributions of SPFs were influenced by geochemical character, industrial sewage irrigation and soil physico-chemical properties. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhong, Xiao-lan; Zhou, Sheng-lu] Nanjing Univ, Sch Geog & Oceang Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhong, Xiao-lan] S China Agr Univ, Coll Informat, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Qing] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Zhong, Xiao-lan; Zhao, Qi-guo] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, SL (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Geog & Oceang Sci, 22 Hankou Rd, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM zhousl@nju.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program (973) of China [2002CB410810]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41101278]; State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture of China [Y052010035]; Guangzhou Science Research Program [10A033] FX This work was financially supported by National Basic Research Program (973) of China (Project No. 2002CB410810), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 41101278), the State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture of China (Project No: Y052010035) and Guangzhou Science Research Program (Project No: 10A033). NR 52 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 7 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD DEC 30 PY 2011 VL 198 BP 13 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 872AL UT WOS:000298778700003 PM 22018863 ER PT J AU Gautam, A Dubey, JP Saville, WJ Howe, DK AF Gautam, A. Dubey, J. P. Saville, W. J. Howe, D. K. TI The SnSAG merozoite surface antigens of Sarcocystis neurona are expressed differentially during the bradyzoite and sporozoite life cycle stages SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis neurona; Surface antigen; Merozoite; Bradyzoite; Sporozoite; Coccidia; SnSAG2; SnSAG3; SnSAG4; SnSAG5 ID OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA; OTTER ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII PERSISTENCE; NEOSPORA-CANINUM PROTEINS; HOST-CELL INVASION; SEA OTTER; EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MYELOENCEPHALITIS EPM; NEUROLOGIC-DISEASE AB Sarcocystis neurona is a two-host coccidian parasite whose complex life cycle progresses through multiple developmental stages differing at morphological and molecular levels. The S. neurona merozoite surface is covered by multiple, related glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins, which are orthologous to the surface antigen (SAG)/SAG1-related sequence (SRS) gene family of Toxoplasma gondii. Expression of the SAG/SRS proteins in T. gondii and another related parasite Neospora caninum is life-cycle stage specific and seems necessary for parasite transmission and persistence of infection. In the present study, the expression of S. neurona merozoite surface antigens (SnSAGs) was evaluated in the sporozoite and bradyzoite stages. Western blot analysis was used to compare SnSAG expression in merozoites versus sporozoites, while immunocytochemistry was performed to examine expression of the SnSAGs in merozoites versus bradyzoites. These analyses revealed that SnSAG2, SnSAG3 and SnSAG4 are expressed in sporozoites, while SnSAG5 was appeared to be downregulated in this life cycle stage. In S. neurona bradyzoites, it was found that SnSAG2, SnSAG3, SnSAG4 and SnSAG5 were either absent or expression was greatly reduced. As shown for T. gondii, stage-specific expression of the SnSAGs may be important for the parasite to progress through its developmental stages and complete its life cycle successfully. Thus, it is possible that the SAG switching mechanism by these parasites could be exploited as a point of intervention. As well, the alterations in surface antigen expression during different life cycle stages may need to be considered when designing prospective approaches for protective vaccination. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gautam, A.; Howe, D. K.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Vet Sci, MH Gluck Equine Res Ctr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Parasite Biol Epidemiol & Systemat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Saville, W. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Howe, DK (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Vet Sci, MH Gluck Equine Res Ctr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM dkhowe2@uky.edu NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 29 PY 2011 VL 183 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.024 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 867JJ UT WOS:000298450400006 PM 21775062 ER PT J AU Alvarado-Esquivel, C Garcia-Machado, C Vitela-Corrales, J Villena, I Dubey, JP AF Alvarado-Esquivel, C. Garcia-Machado, C. Vitela-Corrales, J. Villena, I. Dubey, J. P. TI Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic goats in Durango State, Mexico SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Goats; Seroprevalence; Capra hircus; Mexico ID SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES; DIAGNOSIS; BRAZIL AB Little is known concerning the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats in Mexico. Antibodies to T. gondii were determined in 562 goats in Durango, Mexico using the modified agglutination test. Goats were raised in 12 farms in two geographical regions: semi-desert (n = 70) and mountains (n = 492). Overall, antibodies to T. gondii were found in 174 (31%) of 562 goats, with titers of 1:25 in 18, 1:50 in 12, 1:100 in 10,1:200 in 30, 1:400 in 32, 1:800 in 40, 1:1600 in 17, and 1:3200 or higher in 15. Seroprevalence of T. gondii increased with age, and varied with breed and geographic region; goats raised in the semi-desert region (Nubian breed) had a significantly higher seroprevalence (32.7%) than those raised in the mountains (mixed breed) (18.6%). Seropositive goats were found in all 12 (100%) farms sampled. This is the first report of T. gondii infection in goats in Durango State, Mexico. Results indicate that infected goats are likely an important source of T. gondii infection in humans in Durango State. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Alvarado-Esquivel, C.] Juarez Univ Durango State, Fac Med, Durango 34000, Mexico. [Garcia-Machado, C.; Vitela-Corrales, J.] Reg Livestock Union Durango, Lab Anim Pathol, Durango 34217, Mexico. [Villena, I.] Hosp Maison Blanche, Biol Resources Ctr Toxoplasma, Natl Reference Ctr Toxoplasmosis, Lab Parasitol Mycol, F-51092 Reims, France. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 29 PY 2011 VL 183 IS 1-2 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.021 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 867JJ UT WOS:000298450400007 PM 21767913 ER PT J AU Katiki, LM Chagas, ACS Bizzo, HR Ferreira, JFS Amarante, AFT AF Katiki, L. M. Chagas, A. C. S. Bizzo, H. R. Ferreira, J. F. S. Amarante, A. F. T. TI Anthelmintic activity of Cymbopogon martinii, Cymbopogon schoenanthus and Mentha piperita essential oils evaluated in four different in vitro tests SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cymbopogon; Mentha piperita; Essential oil; In vitro test; Sheep; Haemonchus ID LARVAL DEVELOPMENT TEST; EGG HATCH TEST; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; TRICHOSTRONGYLUS-COLUBRIFORMIS; BENZIMIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; PARASITIC NEMATODES; CONDENSED TANNINS; EXSHEATHMENT; EXTRACTS; KINETICS AB Anthelmintic resistance is a worldwide concern in small ruminant industry and new plant-derived compounds are being studied for their potential use against gastrointestinal nematodes. Mentha piperita, Cymbopogon martinii and Cymbopogon schoenanthus essential oils were evaluated against developmental stages of trichostrongylids from sheep naturally infected (95% Haemonchus contortus and 5% Trichostrogylus spp.) through the egg hatch assay (EHA), larval development assay (LDA), larval feeding inhibition assay (LFIA), and the larval exsheathment assay (LEA). The major constituent of the essential oils, quantified by gas chromatography for M. piperita oil was menthol (42.5%), while for C. martinii and C. schoenanthus the main component was geraniol (81.4% and 62.5%, respectively). In all in vitro tests C. schoenanthus essential oil had the best activity against ovine trichostrongylids followed by C. martini, while M. piperita presented the least activity. Cymbopogon schoenanthus essential oil had LC(50) value of 0.045 mg/ml in EHA, 0.063 mg/ml in LDA, 0.009 mg/ml in LFIA, and 24.66 mg/ml in LEA. The anthelmintic activity of essential oils followed the same pattern in all in vitro tests, suggesting C. schoenanthus essential oil could be an interesting candidate for nematode control, although in vivo studies are necessary to validate the anthelmintic properties of this oil. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Katiki, L. M.] IZ, BR-13460000 Nova Odessa, SP, Brazil. [Chagas, A. C. S.] EMBRAPA, Pecuaria Sudeste, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Bizzo, H. R.] EMBRAPA, Agroind Alimentos, BR-23020470 Guaratiba, RJ, Brazil. [Ferreira, J. F. S.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Amarante, A. F. T.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Dept Parasitol, IB, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. RP Katiki, LM (reprint author), Rua Heitor Penteado 56, BR-13460000 Nova Odessa, SP, Brazil. EM lmkatiki@iz.sp.gov.br RI Chagas, Ana/B-9808-2012; Amarante, Alessandro/C-8773-2012; Bizzo, Humberto/I-4960-2012; Chagas, A. C. S./H-7751-2013; OI Amarante, Alessandro/0000-0003-3995-5501; Bizzo, Humberto/0000-0001-5370-6478; Chagas, A. C. S./0000-0003-3939-0088; Ferreira, Jorge F.S./0000-0003-4550-6761 NR 31 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 29 PY 2011 VL 183 IS 1-2 BP 103 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.001 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 867JJ UT WOS:000298450400016 PM 21820807 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Thomas, NJ AF Dubey, J. P. Thomas, N. J. TI Sarcocystis neurona retinochoroiditis in a sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sarcocystis neurona; Sea otter; Enhydra lutris kenyoni; Retinochoroiditis; Schizonts ID EQUINE PROTOZOAL MYELOENCEPHALITIS; OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA; EXPERIMENTAL INDUCTION; INTERMEDIATE HOST; NEUROLOGIC-DISEASE; PROCYON-LOTOR; INFECTION; NEREIS; TRANSMISSION; SPOROCYSTS AB Sarcocystis neurona is an important cause of fatal disease in sea otters in the USA. Encephalitis is the predominant lesion and parasites are confined to the central nervous system and muscles. Here we report retinochoroiditis in a sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) found dead on Copalis Beach, WA, USA. Salient lesions were confined to the brain and eye. Multifocal nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis was present in the cerebrum and cerebellum associated with S. neurona schizonts. The retina of one eye had a focus of inflammation that contained numerous S. neurona schizonts and merozoites. The focus extended from the retinal pigment epithelium inward through all layers of the retina, but inflammation was most concentrated at the inner surface of the tapetum and the outer retina. The inner and outer nuclear layers of the retina were disorganized and irregular at the site of inflammation. There was severe congestion and mild hemorrhage in the choroid, and mild hemorrhage into the vitreous body. Immunohistochemistry with S. neurona-specific polyclonal rabbit antibodies stained schizonts and merozoites. To our knowledge this is the first report of S. neurona-associated retinochoroiditis in any naturally infected animal. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Thomas, N. J.] US Geol Survey, Dept Interior, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 29 PY 2011 VL 183 IS 1-2 BP 156 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.022 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 867JJ UT WOS:000298450400025 PM 21782345 ER PT J AU Santos, PS Albuquerque, GR da Silva, VMF Martin, AR Marvulo, MFV Souza, SLP Ragozo, AMA Nascimento, CC Gennari, SM Dubey, JP Silva, JCR AF Santos, P. S. Albuquerque, G. R. da Silva, V. M. F. Martin, A. R. Marvulo, M. F. V. Souza, S. L. P. Ragozo, A. M. A. Nascimento, C. C. Gennari, S. M. Dubey, J. P. Silva, J. C. R. TI Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in free-living Amazon River dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) from central Amazon, Brazil SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasmosis; Diagnosis; Amazon River dolphin; Epidemiology ID ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; MARINE MAMMALS; OOCYSTS; FISH AB Toxoplasma gondii is an important pathogen in aquatic mammals and its presence in these animals may indicate the water contamination of aquatic environment by oocysts. Serum samples from 95 free-living Amazon River dolphins (Inia geoffrensis) from the Mamiraua Sustainable Development Reserve (RDSM), Tefe, Amazonas, Central Amazon, Brazil were tested for T. gondii antibodies using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies (MAT >= 25) to T. gondii were found in 82 (86.3%) dolphins with titers of 1:25 in 24, 1:50 in 56, and 1:500 in 2. Results suggest a high level contamination of the aquatic environment of the home range of these animals. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Santos, P. S.; Albuquerque, G. R.] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Ciencias Agr & Ambientais, Programa Posgrad Ciencia Anim, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. [da Silva, V. M. F.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Lab Mamiferos Aquat, BR-69060001 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Martin, A. R.] Univ Dundee, Ctr Remote Environm, Dundee DD1 4JE, Scotland. [Marvulo, M. F. V.; Silva, J. C. R.] Inst Brasileiro Med Conservacao Triade, BR-52061030 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Souza, S. L. P.] Univ Anhembi Morumbi, BR-03164000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Ragozo, A. M. A.] Univ Estadual Paulista, BR-16050680 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Nascimento, C. C.] Unimonte Univ, BR-11015505 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Gennari, S. M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Silva, J. C. R.] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Vet Med, BR-50171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. RP Albuquerque, GR (reprint author), Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Ciencias Agr & Ambientais, Programa Posgrad Ciencia Anim, Rodovia Ilheus Itabuna Km 16, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. EM gralbu@uesc.br; jcramos@dmv.ufrpe.br RI Gennari, Solange/K-2447-2012; Adapta, Inct/J-8371-2013; Albuquerque, George/J-1568-2015 OI Gennari, Solange/0000-0001-7500-5277; FU Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia/MCT; Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Mamiraua-OS/MCT; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq); Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA); Petrobras Ambiental FX We thank the interns of Projeto Boto for their help in capture of animals, collection and analysis of data and the fisherman team for their dedication and care and handling the animals. This paper is part of the collaboration agreement between Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia/MCT and Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Mamiraua-OS/MCT. We gratefully acknowledge funding from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA) and Petrobras Ambiental. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 29 PY 2011 VL 183 IS 1-2 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.007 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 867JJ UT WOS:000298450400028 PM 21764516 ER PT J AU Yeh, JY Park, JY Ostlund, EN AF Yeh, Jung-Yong Park, Jee-Yong Ostlund, Eileen Noel TI Serologic evidence of West Nile Virus in wild ducks captured in major inland resting sites for migratory waterfowl in South Korea SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; Migratory Waterfowl; South Korea ID BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; WHITE-FRONTED GEESE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; DOMESTIC DUCKS; NORTH-AMERICA; BIRDS; INFECTION AB The rapid global expansion of West Nile virus (WNV) has recently raised concerns regarding its possible spread into South Korea. To date, WNV infection in wild birds in South Korea has not been identified. Bird migration is thought to be involved in spreading WNV, and wild birds are the possible routes of introduction of WNV infection. To assess the risk of WNV infection in South Korea, we conducted a nationwide WNV surveillance of wild birds, with an emphasis on migratory ducks from WNV-affected areas. Our chief aim was to determine whether birds with the potential to introduce WNV are present in South Korea by testing migrating and resident wild birds for WNV antibodies. We collected blood samples from 1531 wild birds representing 57 bird species at several major inland resting sites for migratory waterfowl in South Korea. A seroepidemiological analysis of WNV and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections was conducted using plaque-reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs) for each virus. To search for recent WNV infections, sera were also evaluated by IgM antibody capture ELISA. Of the 1531 serum samples, 5(0.3%) tested positive for WNV-specific antibodies, and 70 (4.6%) tested positive for JEV-specific antibodies. A total of 9 (0.6%) samples were positive for both WNV and JEV antibodies; these samples were interpreted as having a flavivirus exposure. All birds that had neutralizing antibodies specific to WNV were negative for IgM, which indicates the likelihood of a relatively old infection. Along with the recognized distribution of flaviviruses along several duck species' migratory routes, our findings strongly suggest that some of the birds captured in this study had been exposed to WNV or JEV. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yeh, Jung-Yong] Natl Vet Res & Quarantine Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Div, Anyang Si 430824, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Ostlund, Eileen Noel] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Equine & Ovine Viruses Sect, Diagnost Virol Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Yeh, JY (reprint author), Natl Vet Res & Quarantine Serv, Foreign Anim Dis Div, 480 Anyang 6 Dong, Anyang Si 430824, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM malvab2848@gmail.com FU National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, South Korea [6235-320-210-13] FX The authors contributed to the article as follows: JY Yeh conducted the literature review, carried out the analysis, conducted the experiments, interpreted the results, designed the figures, and drafted the manuscript. JY Park and EN Ostlund helped to interpret the data, draft the final manuscript, provide language editing, and provide critical feedback on the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the submitted manuscript and take full responsibility for it. The authors would like to thank Dr. Oun-Kyong Moon, National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea for providing serum samples. We also thank Han-Soo Lee and In-Kyu Kim of the Korea Institute of Environmental Ecology for providing their expertise. This work was supported by the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, South Korea (grant number 6235-320-210-13). NR 61 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 EI 1873-2542 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD DEC 29 PY 2011 VL 154 IS 1-2 BP 96 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.030 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 858EH UT WOS:000297778200011 PM 21767922 ER PT J AU Gauger, PC Lager, KM Vincent, AL Opriessnig, T Cheung, AK Butler, JE Kehrli, ME AF Gauger, P. C. Lager, K. M. Vincent, A. L. Opriessnig, T. Cheung, A. K. Butler, J. E. Kehrli, M. E., Jr. TI Leukogram abnormalities in gnotobiotic pigs infected with porcine circovirus type 2 SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PCV2; Porcine circovirus associated disease; PCVAD; Leukogram; Germ-free pigs ID MULTISYSTEMIC WASTING SYNDROME; CONVENTIONAL PIGS; EXPERIMENTAL REPRODUCTION; EXPERIMENTAL INOCULATION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; IN-VITRO; PARVOVIRUS; PCV2; COINFECTION; PIGLETS AB Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a single-stranded circular DNA virus that is the causative agent of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), a disease complex affecting swine around the world. Although this virus is believed to negatively affect the host's immune system, the mechanism by which PCV2 induces disease is not completely understood. This report describes a series of PCV2 experiments using the gnotobiotic pig model in which a relationship was demonstrated between abnormal leukograms and development of clinical disease in PCV2-infected pigs. When compared to control pigs the leukogram was characterized by a decrease in lymphocytes within 14 days post inoculation (dpi) followed by an increase in neutrophils 7-14 days later. No significant changes in the circulating monocyte, basophil, and eosinophil cell populations were detected. The combination of an absolute neutrophilia and lymphopenia produced a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio that was predictive of clinical disease and was inversely correlated with the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Based on previous reports, the lymphopenia may be attributed to a direct cytolytic effect of the virus and could negatively affect the pig's immune response. The role of the neutrophilia in the pathogenesis of PCVAD in gnotobiotic pigs is unknown. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gauger, P. C.; Lager, K. M.; Vincent, A. L.; Cheung, A. K.; Kehrli, M. E., Jr.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gauger, P. C.; Opriessnig, T.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Butler, J. E.] Univ Iowa, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Lager, KM (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM kelly.lager@ars.usda.gov RI Opriessnig, Tanja/F-2984-2012 OI Opriessnig, Tanja/0000-0001-9642-0904 FU National Pork Board FX The authors thank Sara Pohl, Deb Adolphson, Brian Pottebaum and Jason Huegel for technical assistance and Sue Ohlendorf and for manuscript preparation. This work was funded in part by a National Pork Board grant. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD DEC 29 PY 2011 VL 154 IS 1-2 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.016 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 858EH UT WOS:000297778200023 PM 21784586 ER PT J AU Filiatrault, MJ Stodghill, PV Myers, CR Bronstein, PA Butcher, BG Lam, H Grills, G Schweitzer, P Wang, W Schneider, DJ Cartinhour, SW AF Filiatrault, Melanie J. Stodghill, Paul V. Myers, Christopher R. Bronstein, Philip A. Butcher, Bronwyn G. Lam, Hanh Grills, George Schweitzer, Peter Wang, Wei Schneider, David J. Cartinhour, Samuel W. TI Genome-Wide Identification of Transcriptional Start Sites in the Plant Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SIGMA-FACTOR; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; RNA-POLYMERASE; PROMOTER; AERUGINOSA; REGULON; MOTIF; SEQUENCES AB RNA-Seq has provided valuable insights into global gene expression in a wide variety of organisms. Using a modified RNA-Seq approach and Illumina's high-throughput sequencing technology, we globally identified 5'-ends of transcripts for the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000. A substantial fraction of 5'-ends obtained by this method were consistent with results obtained using global RNA-Seq and 5'RACE. As expected, many 5'-ends were positioned a short distance upstream of annotated genes. We also captured 5'-ends within intergenic regions, providing evidence for the expression of un-annotated genes and non-coding RNAs, and detected numerous examples of antisense transcription, suggesting additional levels of complexity in gene regulation in DC3000. Importantly, targeted searches for sequence patterns in the vicinity of 5'-ends revealed over 1200 putative promoters and other regulatory motifs, establishing a broad foundation for future investigations of regulation at the genomic and single gene levels. C1 [Filiatrault, Melanie J.; Stodghill, Paul V.; Bronstein, Philip A.; Schneider, David J.; Cartinhour, Samuel W.] ARS, Lant Microbe Interact Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. [Filiatrault, Melanie J.; Stodghill, Paul V.; Bronstein, Philip A.; Butcher, Bronwyn G.; Lam, Hanh; Schneider, David J.; Cartinhour, Samuel W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Myers, Christopher R.; Grills, George; Schweitzer, Peter; Wang, Wei] Cornell Univ, Life Sci Core Labs Ctr, Ithaca, NY USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Atom & Solid State Phys Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Filiatrault, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Lant Microbe Interact Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. EM Melanie.filiatrault@ars.usda.gov RI Schneider, David/H-2236-2012 OI Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service under CRIS [1907-21000-027-00D] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service under CRIS project #1907-21000-027-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 64 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 26 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 28 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e29335 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0029335 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 897SK UT WOS:000300676300047 PM 22216251 ER PT J AU Choi, SH Kim, HR Kim, HJ Lee, IS Kozukue, N Levin, CE Friedman, M AF Choi, Suk-Hyun Kim, Hyen-Ryung Kim, Hyun-Jeong Lee, In-Seon Kozukue, Nobuyuki Levin, Carol E. Friedman, Mendel TI Free Amino Acid and Phenolic Contents and Antioxidative and Cancer Cell-Inhibiting Activities of Extracts of 11 Greenhouse-Grown Tomato Varieties and 13 Tomato-Based Foods SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE fresh tomatoes; tomato-based food; amino acids; proteins; phenolic compounds; antioxidative effects; anticarcinogenic; effects; dietary significance ID LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; PROSTATE-CANCER; LIVER; ACRYLAMIDE; ASSAY; GLYCOALKALOIDS; FLAVONOIDS; BREAST; COLON; SEEDS AB Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants synthesize nutrients, pigments, and bioactive compounds that benefit nutrition and human health. The nature and concentrations of these compounds are strongly influenced by varietal factors such as size and color as well as by processing. To better understand how these factors affect the concentration of nutrients and bioactive compounds, we analyzed 11 Korean tomato varieties grown under the same greenhouse conditions and 13 processed commercial tomato products for free amino acids and amino acid metabolites by HPLC, for individual phenolics by HPLC-MS, for total phenolics by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, for antioxidative activity by the FRAP and DPPH methods, and for cancer cell-inhibiting effects by the MTT assay. We also determined the protein content of the tomatoes by an automated Kjeldahl method. The results show that there is a broad range of bioactive compounds across tomato varieties and products. Small tomatoes had higher contents of bioactive compounds than the large ones. The content of phenolic compounds of processed products was lower than that of fresh tomatoes. Tomato extracts promoted growth in normal liver (Chang) cells, had little effect in normal lung (Hel299) cells, mildly inhibited growth of lung cancer (A549) cells, and first promoted and then, at higher concentrations, inhibited growth in lymphoma (U937) cells. The relationship of cell growth to measured constituents was not apparent. Dietary and health aspects of the results are discussed. C1 [Levin, Carol E.; Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Choi, Suk-Hyun] Seowon Univ, Dept Food Serv Ind, Cheongju 361742, South Korea. [Kim, Hyen-Ryung] Gyeongju Univ, Dept Foodserv Management & Cuisine, Gyeongju 780712, South Korea. [Kim, Hyun-Jeong; Lee, In-Seon] Keimyung Univ, Ctr Tradit Microorganism Resources, Taegu 704701, South Korea. [Kozukue, Nobuyuki] Seowon Univ, Bio Organ Mat & Food Ctr, Cheongju 361742, South Korea. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM mendel.friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Levin, Carol/0000-0001-6522-6156; Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 37 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 28 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 24 BP 12801 EP 12814 DI 10.1021/jf202791j PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 864CR UT WOS:000298215100010 PM 22070764 ER PT J AU Whent, M Lv, JL Luthria, DL Kenworthy, W Yua, LL AF Whent, Monica Lv, Junli Luthria, Devanand L. Kenworthy, William Yua, Liangli (Lucy) TI Isoflavone Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Modified-Lipoxygenase Soybeans Grown in Maryland SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE soybean; lipoxygenase; antioxidant; isoflavone; nutraceutical ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SOY FOODS; EXTRACTION; LOCATION; QUALITY; PROTEIN; LINES; ASSAY; PERFORMANCE AB Maryland-grown soybean lines modified for low lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) content and a traditional nonmodified cultivar were analyzed for fatty acid composition, total phenolic content (TPC), isoflavone composition, relative DPPH(center dot) scavenging capacity (RDSC), and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity (HOSC). Soybean lines included black, brown, and yellow soybeans. TPC of all soybean lines ranged from 2.84 to 4.74 mg gallic acid equiv (GAE)/g flour. Total isoflavones were between 2.78 and 8.66 mu mol/g flour, RDSC of all lines was between 0.48 and 14.62 mu mol Trolox equiv (TE)/g flour, and HOSC ranged from 53.57 to 135.52 mu mol TE/g flour. Some modified-LOX genotypes demonstrated antioxidant capacity and/or isoflavone content similar to or higher than those of the nonmodified cultivar (P < 0.05). Black soybeans demonstrated higher TPC and RDSC than most yellow soybean lines, although they did not have higher isoflavone content, The results demonstrate that modification of the LOX trait did not necessarily alter the antioxidant capacity or chemical composition of the experimental soybean lines when compared with a nonmodified cultivar. These soybean lines may be studied further for nutraceutical properties and use in functional foods. C1 [Whent, Monica; Lv, Junli; Luthria, Devanand L.; Yua, Liangli (Lucy)] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lv, Junli] NW A&F Univ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Luthria, Devanand L.] ARS, Food Composit & Method Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kenworthy, William] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Luthria, DL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0112 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM LYU5@umd.edu FU Maryland Soybean Board; Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board (MGPUB); Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN); Maryland TEDCO FX This research was supported by a grant from the Maryland Soybean Board, a grant from the Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board (MGPUB), a grant from the Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN), and a grant from Maryland TEDCO. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 28 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 24 BP 12902 EP 12909 DI 10.1021/jf203823s PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 864CR UT WOS:000298215100022 PM 22098380 ER PT J AU Alonso, DG Koskinen, WC Oliveira, RS Constantin, J Mislankar, S AF Alonso, Diego G. Koskinen, William C. Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr. Constantin, Jamil Mislankar, Suresh TI Sorption-Desorption of Indaziflam in Selected Agricultural Soils SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE adsorption; hysteresis; alkylazine; soil properties ID ATRAZINE; PICLORAM; PH AB Indaziflam, a new alkylazine herbicide that inhibits cellulose biosynthesis, is under current development for soil applications in perennial crops and nonagricultural areas. Sorption and desorption of indaziflam in six soils from Brazil and three soils from the United States, with different physical chemical properties, were investigated using the batch equilibration method. Sorption kinetics demonstrated that soil-solution equilibrium was attained in <24 h. The Freundlich equation described the sorption behavior of the herbicide for all soils (R(2) > 0.99). K(f) values of the Brazilian oxisols ranged from 4.66 to 29.3, and 1/n values were >= 0.95. Sorption was positively correlated to %OC and clay contents. U.S. mollisol K(f) values ranged from 6.62 to 14.3; 1/n values for sorption were >= 0.92. K(f) values from mollisols were also positively correlated with %OC. These results suggest that indaziflam potential mobility, based solely on its sorption coefficients, would range from moderate to low in soil. Desorption was hysteretic on all soils, further decreasing its potential mobility for offsite transport. C1 [Alonso, Diego G.; Oliveira, Rubem S., Jr.; Constantin, Jamil] Univ Estadual Maringa, Agron Dept NAPD UEM, Ctr Adv Studies Weed Res NAPD, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. [Koskinen, William C.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Mislankar, Suresh] Bayer Crop Sci LP, Environm Fate & Exposure Assessment, Stilwell, KS 66085 USA. RP Alonso, DG (reprint author), Univ Estadual Maringa, Agron Dept NAPD UEM, Ctr Adv Studies Weed Res NAPD, Av Colombo 5790, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil. EM alonsodg07@hotmail.com RI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/H-1680-2012 OI Oliveira Jr, Rubem/0000-0002-5222-8010 FU CNPq; CAPES (Brazil) FX We thank the CNPq and CAPES (Brazil) for financial support for this research. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 28 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 24 BP 13096 EP 13101 DI 10.1021/jf203014g PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 864CR UT WOS:000298215100047 PM 22070170 ER PT J AU Yadav, MP Nunez, A Hicks, KB AF Yadav, Madhav P. Nunez, Alberto Hicks, Kevin B. TI Isolation, Purification, and Identification of Protein Associated with Corn Fiber Gum SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE corn fiber; arabinoxylan; deglycosylation; zein; MALDI-TOF/TOF; mass spectroscopy ID EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES; EXTRACTION; COMPONENT; ZEIN AB Corn fiber gum (CFG), an alkaline hydrogen peroxide extract of the corn kernel milling byproduct "corn fiber", is a proteinaceous arabinoxylan with protein content ranging from ca. 2 to 9% by weight for CFG samples isolated from different corn milling fiber sources. Several studies have suggested that protein associated with CFG could be partly responsible for its excellent emulsifying properties in oil-in-water emulsion systems. Nevertheless, the composition and identity of the protein component has never been determined. In the present study, CFG was deglycosylated by treating with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, and the resulting proteins were purified by passage through C18 solid phase extraction cartridges. The proteins were then separated and characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein band from the gel was treated with a proteolyticenzyme, chymotrypsin, and the resulting peptides were cleaned using C18 Zip Tip pipet tips and analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization with automated tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The partial sequences derived from the mass spectrometry analyses of the resulting chymotryptic peptides were found to be similar to the 22-kDa alpha-zein Z1 (az22z1) protein (a major storage protein in corn endosperm) when queried against the primary sequences from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. This is the first report that this hydrophobic protein is associated with CFG and may explain why CFG is an excellent emulsifier for oil-in-water emulsion systems. C1 [Yadav, Madhav P.; Nunez, Alberto; Hicks, Kevin B.] Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Yadav, MP (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM madhav.yadav@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 28 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 24 BP 13289 EP 13294 DI 10.1021/jf2035274 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 864CR UT WOS:000298215100070 PM 22035048 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZQ Hooper, JNA Van Soest, RWM Pisera, A Crowther, AL Tyler, S Schilling, S Eschmeyer, WN Fong, JD Blackburn, DC Wake, DB Wilson, DE Reeder, DM Fritz, U Hodda, M Guidetti, R Bertolani, R Mayer, G Oliveira, ID Zhang, ZQ Adrain, JM Bamber, RN Kury, AB Prendini, L Harvey, MS Beaulieu, F Dowling, APG Klompen, H de Moraes, GJ Walter, DE Zhang, ZQ Fan, QH Pesic, V Smit, H Bochkov, AV Khaustov, AA Baker, A Wohltmann, A Wen, TH Amrine, JW Beron, P Lin, JZ Gabrys, G Husband, R Bolton, S Uusitalo, M Zhang, ZQ Schatz, H Behan-Pelletier, VM OConnor, BM Norton, RA Dunlop, JA Penney, D Minelli, A Shear, W Ahyong, ST Lowry, JK Alonso, M Bamber, RN Boxshall, GA Castro, P Gerken, S Karaman, GS Goy, JW Jones, DS Meland, K Rogers, DC Svavarsson, J Janssens, F Christiansen, KA Ingrisch, S Brock, PD Marshall, J Beccaloni, GW Eggleton, P Mound, LA Slipinski, SA Leschen, RAB Lawrence, JF Holzenthal, RW Morse, JC Kjer, KM van Nieukerken, EJ Kaila, L Kitching, IJ Kristensen, NP Lees, DC Minet, J Mitter, C Mutanen, M Regier, JC Simonsen, TJ Wahlberg, N Yen, SH Zahiri, R Adamski, D Baixeras, J Bartsch, D Bengtsson, BA Brown, JW Bucheli, SR Davis, DR De Prins, J De Prins, W Epstein, ME Gentili-Poole, P Gielis, C Hattenschwiler, P Hausmann, A Holloway, JD Kallies, A Karsholt, O Kawahara, AY Koster, S Kozlov, MV Lafontaine, JD Lamas, G Landry, JF Lee, S Nuss, M Park, KT Penz, C Rota, J Schintlmeister, A Schmidt, BC Sohn, JC Solis, MA Tarmann, GM Warren, AD Weller, S Yakovlev, RV Zolotuhin, VV Zwick, A Pape, T Blagoderov, V Mostovski, MB Emig, CC Segers, H Monks, S Richardson, DJ AF Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Hooper, John N. A. Van Soest, Rob W. M. Pisera, Andrzej Crowther, Andrea L. Tyler, Seth Schilling, Stephen Eschmeyer, William N. Fong, Jon D. Blackburn, David C. Wake, David B. Wilson, D. E. Reeder, DeeAnn M. Fritz, Uwe Hodda, Mike Guidetti, Roberto Bertolani, Roberto Mayer, Georg Oliveira, Ivo de Sena Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Adrain, Jonathan M. Bamber, Roger N. Kury, Adriano B. Prendini, Lorenzo Harvey, Mark S. Beaulieu, Frederic Dowling, Ashley P. G. Klompen, Hans de Moraes, Gilberto J. Walter, David Evans Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Fan, Qing-Hai Pesic, Vladimir Smit, Harry Bochkov, Andre V. Khaustov, A. A. Baker, Anne Wohltmann, Andreas Wen, Tinghuan Amrine, James W. Beron, P. Lin, Jianzhen Gabrys, Grzegorz Husband, Robert Bolton, Samuel Uusitalo, M. Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Schatz, Heinrich Behan-Pelletier, Valerie M. OConnor, Barry M. Norton, Roy A. Dunlop, Jason A. Penney, David Minelli, Alessandro Shear, William Ahyong, Shane T. Lowry, James K. Alonso, Miguel Bamber, Roger N. Boxshall, Geoffrey A. Castro, Peter Gerken, Sarah Karaman, Gordan S. Goy, Joseph W. Jones, Diana S. Meland, Kenneth Rogers, D. Christopher Svavarsson, Jorundur Janssens, Frans Christiansen, Kenneth A. Ingrisch, Sigfrid Brock, Paul D. Marshall, Judith Beccaloni, George W. Eggleton, Paul Mound, Laurence A. Slipinski, S. A. Leschen, R. A. B. Lawrence, J. F. Holzenthal, Ralph W. Morse, John C. Kjer, Karl M. van Nieukerken, Erik J. Kaila, Lauri Kitching, Ian J. Kristensen, Niels P. Lees, David C. Minet, Joel Mitter, Charles Mutanen, Marko Regier, Jerome C. Simonsen, Thomas J. Wahlberg, Niklas Yen, Shen-Horn Zahiri, Reza Adamski, David Baixeras, Joaquin Bartsch, Daniel Bengtsson, Bengt A. Brown, John W. Bucheli, Sibyl Rae Davis, Donald R. De Prins, Jurate De Prins, Willy Epstein, Marc E. Gentili-Poole, Patricia Gielis, Cees Haettenschwiler, Peter Hausmann, Axel Holloway, Jeremy D. Kallies, Axel Karsholt, Ole Kawahara, Akito Y. Koster, Sjaak (J. C. ) Kozlov, Mikhail V. Lafontaine, J. Donald Lamas, Gerardo Landry, Jean-Francois Lee, Sangmi Nuss, Matthias Park, Kyu-Tek Penz, Carla Rota, Jadranka Schintlmeister, Alexander Schmidt, B. Christian Sohn, Jae-Cheon Solis, M. Alma Tarmann, Gerhard M. Warren, Andrew D. Weller, Susan Yakovlev, Roman V. Zolotuhin, Vadim V. Zwick, Andreas Pape, Thomas Blagoderov, Vladimir Mostovski, Mikhail B. Emig, Christian C. Segers, Hendrik Monks, Scott Richardson, Dennis J. TI Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and taxonomic richness SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES; RNA GENE-SEQUENCES; ANOMURAN DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS; LIVING MARINE NEMATODE; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; N-SP RHABDITIDA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE; CAECILIANS AMPHIBIA GYMNOPHIONA; RANITOMEYA ANURA DENDROBATIDAE; FAMILY SOLLASELLIDAE PORIFERA AB For the kingdom Animalia, 1,552,319 species have been described in 40 phyla in a new evolutionary classification. Among these, the phylum Arthropoda alone represents 1,242,040 species, or about 80% of the total. The most successful group, the Insecta (1,020,007 species), accounts for about 66% of all animals. The most successful insect order, Coleoptera (387,100 species), represents about 38% of all species in 39 insect orders. Another major group in Arthropoda is the class Arachnida (112,201 species), which is dominated by the mites and ticks (Acari 54,617 species) and spiders (43,579 species). Other highly diverse arthropod groups include Crustacea (66,914 species), Trilobitomorpha (19,606 species) and Myriapoda (11,885 species). The phylum Mollusca (117,358 species) is more diverse than other successful invertebrate phyla Platyhelminthes (29,285 species), Nematoda (24,783 species), Echinodermata (20,509 species), Annelida (17,210 species) and Bryozoa (10,941 species). The phylum Craniata, including the vertebrates, represents 64,832 species (for Recent taxa, except for amphibians): among these 7,694 described species of amphibians, 31,958 species of "fish" and 5,750 species of mammals. C1 [Zhang, Zhi-Qiang] Landcare Res, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. [Hooper, John N. A.] Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Van Soest, Rob W. M.] Netherlands Ctr Biodivers Nat, Dept Marine Zool, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Pisera, Andrzej] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Paleobiol, PL-00818 Warsaw, Poland. [Crowther, Andrea L.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Crowther, Andrea L.] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Tyler, Seth; Schilling, Stephen] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Eschmeyer, William N.; Fong, Jon D.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Blackburn, David C.] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Vertebrate Zool & Anthropol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Wake, David B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94708 USA. [Wake, David B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94708 USA. [Wilson, D. E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Reeder, DeeAnn M.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. [Fritz, Uwe] Senckenberg Dresden, Museum Zool, D-01109 Dresden, Germany. [Hodda, Mike; Mound, Laurence A.; Slipinski, S. A.; Lawrence, J. F.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Guidetti, Roberto; Bertolani, Roberto] Univ Modena & Reggio Emila, Dept Biol, I-41125 Modena, Italy. [Mayer, Georg; Oliveira, Ivo de Sena] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol Anim Evolut & Dev, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Zhang, Zhi-Qiang] Landcare Res, New Zealand Arthropod Collect, Auckland, New Zealand. [Adrain, Jonathan M.] Univ Iowa, Dept Geosci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Bamber, Roger N.] ARTOO Marine Biol Consultants, Ocean Quay Marina, Southampton SO414 5QY, Hants, England. [Kury, Adriano B.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, Dept Invertebrados, BR-20940040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Prendini, Lorenzo] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Harvey, Mark S.] Western Australian Museum, Dept Terr Zool, Welshpool Dc, WA 6986, Australia. [Beaulieu, Frederic; Lafontaine, J. Donald; Landry, Jean-Francois] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Canadian Natl Collect Insects Arachnids & Nematod, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Dowling, Ashley P. G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Klompen, Hans; Bolton, Samuel] Ohio State Univ, Acarol Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [de Moraes, Gilberto J.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Entomol & Acarol, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Walter, David Evans] Royal Alberta Museum, Invertebrate Zool, Edmonton, AB T5N 0M6, Canada. [Fan, Qing-Hai] MAF Biosecur New Zealand, Plant Hlth & Environm Lab, Auckland 1072, New Zealand. [Pesic, Vladimir] Univ Montenegro, Dept Biol, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro. [Smit, Harry; van Nieukerken, Erik J.; De Prins, Willy; Gielis, Cees; Koster, Sjaak (J. C. )] Netherlands Ctr Biodivers Nat, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Bochkov, Andre V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Khaustov, A. A.] Nikita Bot Gardens, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-98648 Yalta, Ukraine. [Baker, Anne; Brock, Paul D.; Marshall, Judith; Eggleton, Paul; Kitching, Ian J.; Simonsen, Thomas J.; Holloway, Jeremy D.; Blagoderov, Vladimir] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England. [Wen, Tinghuan] Fudan Univ, Shanghai Med Sch, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Amrine, James W.] W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Beron, P.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Sofia, Hungary. [Lin, Jianzhen] Fujian Acad Agr Sci, Res Inst Plant Protect, Fuzhou 350013, Peoples R China. [Gabrys, Grzegorz] Univ Zielona Gora, Dept Zool, PL-65516 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Husband, Robert] Adrian Coll, Dept Biol, Adrian, MI 49221 USA. [Schatz, Heinrich] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Zool, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Behan-Pelletier, Valerie M.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [OConnor, Barry M.] Univ Michigan, Museum Zool, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Norton, Roy A.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Dunlop, Jason A.] Humboldt Univ, Leibniz Inst Res Evolut & Biodivers, Museum Nat Kunde, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Penney, David] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. [Minelli, Alessandro] Univ Padua, Dept Biol, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Shear, William] Hampden Sydney Coll, Dept Biol, Hampden Sydney, VA 23943 USA. [Ahyong, Shane T.; Lowry, James K.] Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. [Alonso, Miguel] Univ Barcelona, Dept Ecol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Bamber, Roger N.] ARTOO Marine Biol Consultants, Ocean Quay Marina, Southampton SO14 5QY, Hants, England. [Boxshall, Geoffrey A.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Zool, London SW7 5BD, England. [Castro, Peter] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Biol Sci, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Gerken, Sarah] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Biol Sci & Liberal Studies, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Goy, Joseph W.] Harding Univ, Dept Biol, Searcy, AR 72149 USA. [Jones, Diana S.] Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia. [Meland, Kenneth] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [Rogers, D. Christopher] Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. [Svavarsson, Jorundur] Univ Iceland, Inst Biol, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Janssens, Frans] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Christiansen, Kenneth A.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Biol, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. [Ingrisch, Sigfrid] Zool Res Museum Alexander Koenig ZFMK, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. [Beccaloni, George W.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, Orthopteroid Insects, London SW7 5BD, England. [Leschen, R. A. B.] New Zealand Arthropod Collect, Auckland, New Zealand. [Holzenthal, Ralph W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Morse, John C.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Kjer, Karl M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, Cook Coll, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Kaila, Lauri] Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Kristensen, Niels P.; Karsholt, Ole; Rota, Jadranka; Pape, Thomas] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Lees, David C.] INRA, UR Zool Forestiere 633, F-45075 Orleans, France. [Minet, Joel] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Systemat & Evolut, UMR CNRS 7205, FR-75231 Paris 05, France. [Mitter, Charles; Regier, Jerome C.; Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mutanen, Marko] Univ Oulu, Dept Biol, Zool Museum, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland. [Regier, Jerome C.] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wahlberg, Niklas; Zahiri, Reza] Univ Turku, Dept Biol, Genet Lab, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. [Yen, Shen-Horn] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan. [Adamski, David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Baixeras, Joaquin] Univ Valencia, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Bartsch, Daniel] State Museum Nat Hist Stuttgart, DE-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. [Brown, John W.; Solis, M. Alma] USDA, SEL, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Bucheli, Sibyl Rae] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [De Prins, Jurate] Royal Museum Cent Africa, BE-3080 Tervuren, Belgium. [Epstein, Marc E.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Gentili-Poole, Patricia] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hausmann, Axel] Bavarian State Collect Zool, DE-81247 Munich, Germany. [Kallies, Axel] Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia. [Kawahara, Akito Y.; Park, Kyu-Tek; Warren, Andrew D.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kozlov, Mikhail V.] Univ Turku, Sect Ecol, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. [Lamas, Gerardo] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Museo Hist Nat, Lima 14, Peru. [Lee, Sangmi] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi Entomol Museum, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Nuss, Matthias] Senckenberg Nat Hist Sammlungen Dresden, Museum Tierkunde, DE-01109 Dresden, Germany. [Penz, Carla] Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Schmidt, B. Christian] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Canadian Natl Collect Insects Arachnids & Nematod, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Tarmann, Gerhard M.] Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Nat Wissensch Sammlungen, AT-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Weller, Susan] Univ Minnesota, JF Bell Museum Nat Hist, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Yakovlev, Roman V.] Altai State Univ, South Siberian Bot Garden, RU-656049 Barnaul, Russia. [Zwick, Andreas] State Museum Nat Hist Stuttgart, DE-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. [Mostovski, Mikhail B.] Natal Museum, Dept Nat Sci, ZA-3200 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Emig, Christian C.] BrachNet, F-13007 Marseille, France. [Segers, Hendrik] Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, Belgian Biodivers Platform, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Monks, Scott] UAEH, Ctr Invest Biol, Pachuca 42001, Hidalgo, Mexico. [Richardson, Dennis J.] Quinnipiac Univ, Hamden, CT 06518 USA. RP Zhang, ZQ (reprint author), Landcare Res, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. EM ZhangZ@landcareresearch.co.nz; john.hooper@qm.qld.gov.au; rob.vansoest@ncbnaturalis.nl; apis@twarda.pan.pl; andreac@ku.edu; styler@maine.edu; weschmeyer@calacad-emy.org; JFong@calacademy.org; dblackburn@calacademy.org; wakelab@berkeley.edu; wilsond@si.edu; dreeder@bucknell.edu; uwe.fritz@senckenberg.de; mike.hodda@csiro.au; roberto.guidetti@unimore.it; gmayer@onychophora.com; ivo.de_sena_oliveira@uni-leipzig.de; zhangz@landcareresearch.co.nz; jonathan-adrain@uiowa.edu; roger.bamber@artoo.co.uk; adrianok@gmail.com; lorenzo@amnh.org; mark.harvey@museum.wa.gov.au; Frederic.Beaulieu@AGR.GC.CA; David.Walter@gov.ab.ca; zhangz@landcareresearch.co.nz; qinghai.fan@maf.govt.nz; vladopesic@gmail.com; Harry.Smit@ncbnaturalis.nl; andrevbochkov@gmail.com; alkhaustov@mail.ru; wohltman@uni-bremen.de; beron@mail.bg; g.gabrys@wnb.uz.zgora.pl; husbandadrian@aol.com; bolton.69@buckeyemail.osu.edu; Matti.Uusitalo@koulut.tampere.fi; zhangz@landcareresearch.co.nz; Heinrich.Schatz@uibk.ac.at; behanpv@gmail.com; bmoc@umich.edu; ranorton@esf.edu; jason.dunlop@mfn-berlin.de; david.penney@manchester.ac.uk; alessandro.minelli@unipd.it; wshear@hsc.edu; shane.ahyong@austmus.gov.au; Jim.Lowry@austmus.gov.au; malonso@ub.edu; roger.bamber@artoo.co.uk; g.boxshall@nhm.ac.uk; pcastro@csupomona.edu; gerken.uaa@gmail.com; karaman@t-com.me; jwgoy@harding.edu; diana.jones@museum.wa.gov.au; Kenneth.Meland@bio.uib.no; branchiopod@gmail.com; jorundur@hi.is; frans.janssens@collembola.org; christak@grinnell.edu; s.ingrisch@macbay.de; pauldbrock@btinternet.com; j.marshall@nhm.ac.uk; g.beccaloni@nhm.ac.uk; p.eggleton@nhm.ac.uk; Laurence.Mound@csiro.au; leschenr@landcareresearch.co.nz; holze001@umn.edu; jmorse@clemson.edu; kjer@aesop.rutgers.edu; nieukerken@naturalis.nl; lkaila@mappi.helsinki.fi; i.kitching@nhm.ac.uk; npkristensen@snm.ku.dk; dclees@gmail.com; minet@mnhn.fr; cmitter@umd.edu; marko.mutanen@oulu.fi; regier@umd.edu; t.simonsen@nhm.ac.uk; niklas.wahlberg@utu.fi; shenhornyen@mail.nsysu.edu.tw; Reza.Zahiri@utu.fi; adamskid@si.edu; joaquin.baixeras@uv.es; daniel.bartsch@smns-bw.de; bengt.a.bengtsson@gmail.com; john.brown@ars.usda.gov; bucheli@shsu.edu; davisd@si.edu; jurate.de.prins@africamuseum.be; willy.deprins@gmail.com; marc.epstein@cdfa.ca.gov; gentilip@si.edu; c.gielis@net.hcc.nl; peter.haettenschwiler@dative.ch; Axel.Hausmann@zsm.mwn.de; j.holloway@nhm.ac.uk; axelkallies@hotmail.com; OKarsholt@snm.ku.dk; kawahara@flmnh.ufl.edu; sjaak.koster@planet.nl; mikoz@utu.fi; Don.Lafontaine@agr.gc.ca; glamasm@unmsm.edu.pe; Jean-Francois.Landry@agr.gc.ca; microlepi@hotmail.com; matthias.nuss@senckenberg.de; ktpark02@gmail.com; cpenz@uno.edu; Jrota@snm.ku.dk; schintlm@aol.com; Chris.Schmidt@inspection.gc.ca; jsohn@umd.edu; Alma.solis@ars.usda.gov; g.tarmann@tiroler-landesmuseen.at; hesperioidea@yahoo.com; welle008@umn.edu; cossus_cossus@mail.ru; v.zolot@mail.ru; andreas.zwick@smns-bw.de; tpape@snm.ku.dk; v.blagoderov@nhm.ac.uk; mmostovski@nmsa.org.za; BrachNet@aliceadsl.fr; Hendrik.segers@naturalsciences.be; smonks@uaeh.edu.mx; Dennis.Richardson@quinnipiac.edu RI Baixeras, Joaquin/L-1734-2014; Kozlov, Mikhail/I-5037-2013; Wahlberg, Niklas/B-7765-2008; Zhang, Zhi-Qiang/C-4107-2009; Rota, Jadranka/C-6702-2011; Khaustov, Alexander/S-1303-2016; Kury, Adriano/C-3202-2009; Richardson, David/N-5129-2014 OI Baixeras, Joaquin/0000-0002-6092-0496; Kozlov, Mikhail/0000-0002-9500-4244; Wahlberg, Niklas/0000-0002-1259-3363; Zhang, Zhi-Qiang/0000-0003-4172-0592; Rota, Jadranka/0000-0003-0220-3920; Khaustov, Alexander/0000-0002-0306-112X; Richardson, David/0000-0002-4092-6970 FU New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology FX I thank all the contributors of this special volume for their collaborative efforts and my colleague Dr Rich Leschen (Landcare Research) for review and comments. The author was supported by the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology through backbone funding of the "Defining New Zealand's Land Biota" programme. NR 1402 TC 773 Z9 800 U1 39 U2 97 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 23 PY 2011 IS 3148 BP 7 EP 237 PG 231 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA V40GO UT WOS:000209467300001 PM 26146682 ER PT J AU Cabezon, O Garcia-Bocanegra, I Molina-Lopez, R Marco, I Blanco, JM Hofle, U Margalida, A Bach-Raich, E Darwich, L Echeverria, I Obon, E Hernandez, M Lavin, S Dubey, JP Almeria, S AF Cabezon, Oscar Garcia-Bocanegra, Ignacio Molina-Lopez, Rafael Marco, Ignasi Blanco, Juan M. Hoefle, Ursula Margalida, Antoni Bach-Raich, Esther Darwich, Laila Echeverria, Israel Obon, Elena Hernandez, Mauro Lavin, Santiago Dubey, Jitender P. Almeria, Sonia TI Seropositivity and Risk Factors Associated with Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Wild Birds from Spain SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES; SEROPREVALENCE; ANIMALS; TRANSMISSION; MAMMALS; HUMANS; DEER; DIET; PIGS AB Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic intracellular protozoan parasite of worldwide distribution that infects many species of warm-blooded animals, including birds. To date, there is scant information about the seropositivity of T. gondii and the risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in wild bird populations. In the present study, T. gondii infection was evaluated on sera obtained from 1079 wild birds belonging to 56 species (including Falconiformes (n = 610), Strigiformes (n = 260), Ciconiiformes (n = 156), Gruiformes (n = 21), and other orders (n = 32), from different areas of Spain. Antibodies to T. gondii (modified agglutination test, MAT titer >= 1:25) were found in 282 (26.1%, IC95%: 23.5-28.7) of the 1079 birds. This study constitute the first extensive survey in wild birds species in Spain and reports for the first time T. gondii antibodies in the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus), short-toed snake-eagle (Circaetus gallicus), Bonelli's eagle (Aquila fasciata), golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus), osprey (Pandion haliaetus), Montagu's harrier (Circus pygargus), Western marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), long-eared owl (Asio otus), common scops owl (Otus scops), Eurasian spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia), white stork (Ciconia ciconia), grey heron (Ardea cinerea), common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus); in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) "vulnerable'' Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti), lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) and great bustard (Otis tarda); and in the IUCN "near threatened'' red kite (Milvus milvus). The highest seropositivity by species was observed in the Eurasian eagle owl (Bubo bubo) (68.1%, 98 of 144). The main risk factors associated with T. gondii seropositivity in wild birds were age and diet, with the highest exposure in older animals and in carnivorous wild birds. The results showed that T. gondii infection is widespread and can be at a high level in many wild birds in Spain, most likely related to their feeding behaviour. C1 [Cabezon, Oscar; Marco, Ignasi; Bach-Raich, Esther; Lavin, Santiago] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Dept Med & Cirurgia Anim, Serv Ecopatol Fauna Salvatge, Bellaterra, Spain. [Garcia-Bocanegra, Ignacio] Univ Cordoba, Fac Vet, Dept Sanidad Anim, Cordoba, Spain. [Molina-Lopez, Rafael; Obon, Elena] Generalitat Catalunya, Direccio Gen Medi Nat & Biodiversitat Forestal Ca, Ctr Fauna Salvatge Torreferrussa, Barcelona, Spain. [Blanco, Juan M.] Ctr Estudios Rapaces Iber, Sevilleja De La Jara, Castilla La Man, Spain. [Hoefle, Ursula] Univ Castilla La Mancha Junta de Castilla La Manc, CSIC, Inst Invest Recursos Cineget IREC, Ciudad Real, Spain. [Margalida, Antoni] Bearded Vulture Study & Protect Grp, El Pont De Suert, Lleida, Spain. [Margalida, Antoni] Univ Bern, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Div Conservat Biol, Bern, Switzerland. [Darwich, Laila; Almeria, Sonia] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CReSA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Darwich, Laila; Echeverria, Israel; Almeria, Sonia] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Dept Sanitat & Anat Anim, Bellaterra, Spain. [Hernandez, Mauro] Clin Vet Oftalmol OCUVET, Madrid, Spain. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Cabezon, O (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Dept Med & Cirurgia Anim, Serv Ecopatol Fauna Salvatge, Bellaterra, Spain. EM Sonia.Almeria@uab.es RI Almeria, Sonia/N-4663-2014; Margalida, Antoni/A-2723-2011; Hofle, Ursula/F-8585-2013; Darwich, Laila/F-5330-2016; Cabezon, Oscar/L-3812-2014; Lavin, Santiago/L-5975-2014 OI Almeria, Sonia/0000-0002-0558-5488; Margalida, Antoni/0000-0002-7383-671X; Hofle, Ursula/0000-0002-6868-079X; Darwich, Laila/0000-0001-9027-9452; Cabezon, Oscar/0000-0001-7543-8371; Lavin, Santiago/0000-0001-5655-588X FU Spanish CICYT [AGL2010-21273-C03/GAN] FX This study received partial support from the Spanish CICYT grant AGL2010-21273-C03/GAN. The study was part of an agreement with Direccion General del Medio Natural (CRAS, Junta de Castilla y Leon), Departament d'Agricultura, Ramaderia, Pesca, Alimentacio i Medi Natural (Torreferrussa, Generalitat de Catalunya), Consejeria de Medio Ambiente (Junta de Andalucia), SEFaS (Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona) and IREC (Ciudad Real) for donation of wild bird samples. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 42 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 22 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e29549 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0029549 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 884DI UT WOS:000299684700067 PM 22216311 ER PT J AU Young, ND Debelle, F Oldroyd, GED Geurts, R Cannon, SB Udvardi, MK Benedito, VA Mayer, KFX Gouzy, J Schoof, H Van de Peer, Y Proost, S Cook, DR Meyers, BC Spannagl, M Cheung, F De Mita, S Krishnakumar, V Gundlach, H Zhou, SG Mudge, J Bharti, AK Murray, JD Naoumkina, MA Rosen, B Silverstein, KAT Tang, HB Rombauts, S Zhao, PX Zhou, P Barbe, V Bardou, P Bechner, M Bellec, A Berger, A Berges, H Bidwell, S Bisseling, T Choisne, N Couloux, A Denny, R Deshpande, S Dai, XB Doyle, JJ Dudez, AM Farmer, AD Fouteau, S Franken, C Gibelin, C Gish, J Goldstein, S Gonzalez, AJ Green, PJ Hallab, A Hartog, M Hua, A Humphray, SJ Jeong, DH Jing, Y Jocker, A Kenton, SM Kim, DJ Klee, K Lai, HS Lang, CT Lin, SP Macmil, SL Magdelenat, G Matthews, L McCorrison, J Monaghan, EL Mun, JH Najar, FZ Nicholson, C Noirot, C O'Bleness, M Paule, CR Poulain, J Prion, F Qin, BF Qu, CM Retzel, EF Riddle, C Sallet, E Samain, S Samson, N Sanders, I Saurat, O Scarpelli, C Schiex, T Segurens, B Severin, AJ Sherrier, DJ Shi, RH Sims, S Singer, SR Sinharoy, S Sterck, L Viollet, A Wang, BB Wang, KQ Wang, MY Wang, XH Warfsmann, J Weissenbach, J White, DD White, JD Wiley, GB Wincker, P Xing, YB Yang, LM Yao, ZY Ying, F Zhai, JX Zhou, LP Zuber, A Denarie, J Dixon, RA May, GD Schwartz, DC Rogers, J Quetier, F Town, CD Roe, BA AF Young, Nevin D. Debelle, Frederic Oldroyd, Giles E. D. Geurts, Rene Cannon, Steven B. Udvardi, Michael K. Benedito, Vagner A. Mayer, Klaus F. X. Gouzy, Jerome Schoof, Heiko Van de Peer, Yves Proost, Sebastian Cook, Douglas R. Meyers, Blake C. Spannagl, Manuel Cheung, Foo De Mita, Stephane Krishnakumar, Vivek Gundlach, Heidrun Zhou, Shiguo Mudge, Joann Bharti, Arvind K. Murray, Jeremy D. Naoumkina, Marina A. Rosen, Benjamin Silverstein, Kevin A. T. Tang, Haibao Rombauts, Stephane Zhao, Patrick X. Zhou, Peng Barbe, Valerie Bardou, Philippe Bechner, Michael Bellec, Arnaud Berger, Anne Berges, Helene Bidwell, Shelby Bisseling, Ton Choisne, Nathalie Couloux, Arnaud Denny, Roxanne Deshpande, Shweta Dai, Xinbin Doyle, Jeff J. Dudez, Anne-Marie Farmer, Andrew D. Fouteau, Stephanie Franken, Carolien Gibelin, Chrystel Gish, John Goldstein, Steven Gonzalez, Alvaro J. Green, Pamela J. Hallab, Asis Hartog, Marijke Hua, Axin Humphray, Sean J. Jeong, Dong-Hoon Jing, Yi Joecker, Anika Kenton, Steve M. Kim, Dong-Jin Klee, Kathrin Lai, Hongshing Lang, Chunting Lin, Shaoping Macmil, Simone L. Magdelenat, Ghislaine Matthews, Lucy McCorrison, Jamison Monaghan, Erin L. Mun, Jeong-Hwan Najar, Fares Z. Nicholson, Christine Noirot, Celine O'Bleness, Majesta Paule, Charles R. Poulain, Julie Prion, Florent Qin, Baifang Qu, Chunmei Retzel, Ernest F. Riddle, Claire Sallet, Erika Samain, Sylvie Samson, Nicolas Sanders, Iryna Saurat, Olivier Scarpelli, Claude Schiex, Thomas Segurens, Beatrice Severin, Andrew J. Sherrier, D. Janine Shi, Ruihua Sims, Sarah Singer, Susan R. Sinharoy, Senjuti Sterck, Lieven Viollet, Agnes Wang, Bing-Bing Wang, Keqin Wang, Mingyi Wang, Xiaohong Warfsmann, Jens Weissenbach, Jean White, Doug D. White, Jim D. Wiley, Graham B. Wincker, Patrick Xing, Yanbo Yang, Limei Yao, Ziyun Ying, Fu Zhai, Jixian Zhou, Liping Zuber, Antoine Denarie, Jean Dixon, Richard A. May, Gregory D. Schwartz, David C. Rogers, Jane Quetier, Francis Town, Christopher D. Roe, Bruce A. TI The Medicago genome provides insight into the evolution of rhizobial symbioses SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GENES; ARABIDOPSIS; SEQUENCE; TRUNCATULA; DUPLICATIONS; TETRAPLOIDY; LEGUMINOSAE; EXPRESSION AB Legumes (Fabaceae or Leguminosae) are unique among cultivated plants for their ability to carry out endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation with rhizobial bacteria, a process that takes place in a specialized structure known as the nodule. Legumes belong to one of the two main groups of eurosids, the Fabidae, which includes most species capable of endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation(1). Legumes comprise several evolutionary lineages derived from a common ancestor 60 million years ago (Myr ago). Papilionoids are the largest clade, dating nearly to the origin of legumes and containing most cultivated species(2). Medicago truncatula is a long-established model for the study of legume biology. Here we describe the draft sequence of the M. truncatula euchromatin based on a recently completed BAC assembly supplemented with Illumina shotgun sequence, together capturing similar to 94% of all M. truncatula genes. A whole-genome duplication (WGD) approximately 58 Myr ago had a major role in shaping the M. truncatula genome and thereby contributed to the evolution of endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation. Subsequent to the WGD, the M. truncatula genome experienced higher levels of rearrangement than two other sequenced legumes, Glycine max and Lotus japonicus. M. truncatula is a close relative of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), a widely cultivated crop with limited genomics tools and complex autotetraploid genetics. As such, the M. truncatula genome sequence provides significant opportunities to expand alfalfa's genomic toolbox. C1 [Young, Nevin D.; Zhou, Peng; Denny, Roxanne; Paule, Charles R.; Wang, Bing-Bing; Wang, Xiaohong] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Young, Nevin D.; Zhou, Peng; Denny, Roxanne; Paule, Charles R.; Wang, Bing-Bing; Wang, Xiaohong] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Debelle, Frederic; Gouzy, Jerome; Bardou, Philippe; Dudez, Anne-Marie; Gibelin, Chrystel; Prion, Florent; Sallet, Erika; Samson, Nicolas; Saurat, Olivier; Zuber, Antoine; Denarie, Jean] INRA, LIPM, UMR441, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Debelle, Frederic; Gouzy, Jerome; Bardou, Philippe; Dudez, Anne-Marie; Gibelin, Chrystel; Prion, Florent; Sallet, Erika; Samson, Nicolas; Saurat, Olivier; Zuber, Antoine; Denarie, Jean] CNRS, UMR2594, LIPM, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Oldroyd, Giles E. D.; Murray, Jeremy D.] John Innes Ctr, Dept Dis & Stress Biol, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Geurts, Rene; De Mita, Stephane; Bisseling, Ton; Franken, Carolien; Hartog, Marijke; Lang, Chunting] Wageningen Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Mol Biol Lab, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Cannon, Steven B.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cannon, Steven B.; Severin, Andrew J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Udvardi, Michael K.; Murray, Jeremy D.; Naoumkina, Marina A.; Zhao, Patrick X.; Dai, Xinbin; Sinharoy, Senjuti; Wang, Mingyi; Dixon, Richard A.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Benedito, Vagner A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Dept Genet & Dev Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Mayer, Klaus F. X.; Spannagl, Manuel; Gundlach, Heidrun] Helmholtz Ctr Munich, MIPS Inst Bioinformat & Syst Biol, Neuherberg, Germany. [Schoof, Heiko] Univ Bonn, INRES Crop Bioinformat, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Van de Peer, Yves; Proost, Sebastian; Rombauts, Stephane; Sterck, Lieven] Univ Ghent VIB, Dept Plant Syst Biol, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium. [Cook, Douglas R.; Rosen, Benjamin; Gish, John; Kim, Dong-Jin; Mun, Jeong-Hwan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Meyers, Blake C.; Green, Pamela J.; Jeong, Dong-Hoon; Sherrier, D. Janine; Zhai, Jixian] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Meyers, Blake C.; Green, Pamela J.; Jeong, Dong-Hoon; Sherrier, D. Janine; Zhai, Jixian] Univ Delaware, Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Cheung, Foo; Krishnakumar, Vivek; Tang, Haibao; Bidwell, Shelby; McCorrison, Jamison; Monaghan, Erin L.; Town, Christopher D.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Zhou, Shiguo; Bechner, Michael; Goldstein, Steven; Schwartz, David C.] Univ Wisconsin, Lab Mol & Computat Genom, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mudge, Joann; Bharti, Arvind K.; Farmer, Andrew D.; Retzel, Ernest F.; May, Gregory D.] Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Silverstein, Kevin A. T.] Univ Minnesota, Biostat & Bioinformat Grp, Mason Canc Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Barbe, Valerie; Berger, Anne; Choisne, Nathalie; Couloux, Arnaud; Fouteau, Stephanie; Magdelenat, Ghislaine; Poulain, Julie; Samain, Sylvie; Scarpelli, Claude; Segurens, Beatrice; Viollet, Agnes; Weissenbach, Jean; Wincker, Patrick; Quetier, Francis] Genoscope, Ctr Natl Sequencage, F-91057 Evry, France. [Bellec, Arnaud; Berges, Helene] INRA, CNRGV, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Bisseling, Ton] King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Deshpande, Shweta; Hua, Axin; Jing, Yi; Kenton, Steve M.; Lai, Hongshing; Lin, Shaoping; Macmil, Simone L.; Najar, Fares Z.; O'Bleness, Majesta; Qin, Baifang; Qu, Chunmei; Sanders, Iryna; Shi, Ruihua; Wang, Keqin; White, Doug D.; White, Jim D.; Wiley, Graham B.; Xing, Yanbo; Yang, Limei; Yao, Ziyun; Ying, Fu; Zhou, Liping; Roe, Bruce A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Chem & Biochem, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Stephenson Res & Technol Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Doyle, Jeff J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gonzalez, Alvaro J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Gonzalez, Alvaro J.] Univ Delaware, Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Hallab, Asis; Joecker, Anika; Klee, Kathrin; Warfsmann, Jens] Max Planck Inst Plant Breeding Res, D-50829 Cologne, Germany. [Humphray, Sean J.; Matthews, Lucy; Nicholson, Christine; Riddle, Claire; Sims, Sarah] Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Kim, Dong-Jin] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Mun, Jeong-Hwan] Natl Inst Agr Biotechnol, Rural Dev Adm, Suwon 441707, South Korea. [Noirot, Celine; Schiex, Thomas] INRA, UBIA, UR875, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Singer, Susan R.] Carleton Coll, Dept Biol, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. [Rogers, Jane] Genome Anal Ctr, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. RP Young, ND (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM neviny@umn.edu RI Sterck, Lieven/A-9439-2016; Meyers, Blake/B-6535-2012; Mayer, Klaus/M-7941-2015; Tang, Haibao/A-6715-2011; Sherrier, Darla/D-6624-2017; Van de Peer, Yves/D-4388-2009; Bisseling, Ton/A-2421-2013; Zhou, Shiguo/B-3832-2011; Rombauts, Stephane/D-7640-2014; Murray, Jeremy/F-8409-2011; Krishnakumar, Vivek/C-7204-2015 OI Sallet, Erika/0000-0003-4637-473X; Gouzy, Jerome/0000-0001-5695-4557; Sterck, Lieven/0000-0001-7116-4000; Meyers, Blake/0000-0003-3436-6097; Mayer, Klaus/0000-0001-6484-1077; Tang, Haibao/0000-0002-3460-8570; Sherrier, Darla/0000-0002-4699-6670; Van de Peer, Yves/0000-0003-4327-3730; Zhou, Shiguo/0000-0001-7421-2506; Rombauts, Stephane/0000-0002-3985-4981; Murray, Jeremy/0000-0003-3000-9199; Krishnakumar, Vivek/0000-0002-5227-0200 FU Noble Foundation; NSF-PGRP [0321460, 0604966, 0820005, 0821966]; EU [FOOD-CT-2004-506223]; BBSRC [BBS/B/11524]; ANR [SEQMEDIC 2006-01122]; Dutch Science Organization [VIDI 864.06.007, ERA-PG FP-06.038A]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office IUAP [P6/25]; Fund for Scientific Research Flanders; Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders; Ghent University [MRP N2N]; NSF [IOS-0531408, IOS-0605251]; USDA CSREES [2006-03567]; 'Laboratoire d'Excellence' (LABEX) TULIP [ANR-10-LABX-41] FX Funding support to N.D.Y., C. D. T. and B. A. R. from The Noble Foundation and NSF-PGRP 0321460, 0604966; to N.D.Y., J.M. and G. D. M. from NSF-PGRP 0820005; to C. D. T. from NSF-PGRP 0821966; to F. D., G.E.D.O., R. G., K. F. X. M., T. B., J. Denarie, F. Q. and J. R. from FP6 EU project GLIP/Grain Legumes FOOD-CT-2004-506223; to G.E.D.O. and J.R. from BBSRC BBS/B/11524; to F. D. and F. Q. from ANR project SEQMEDIC 2006-01122; to R. G. from the Dutch Science Organization VIDI 864.06.007, ERA-PG FP-06.038A; to Y.V.d.P. from the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office IUAP P6/25, Fund for Scientific Research Flanders, Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders and Ghent University (MRP N2N); to D. R. C. from NSF IOS-0531408, IOS-0605251; to D.J.S., B. C. M. and P.J.G. from USDA CSREES 2006-03567; to J. Gouzy from 'Laboratoire d'Excellence' (LABEX) TULIP (ANR-10-LABX-41). We also acknowledge technical support from the University of Minnesota Supercomputer Institute and thank Y.W. Nam for a BamHI BAC library used by Genoscope, S. Park and M. Accerbi for RNA isolation, T. Paape for statistical consulting, and M. Harrison for supplying myc infected and control root tissues used to make small RNA libraries. NR 30 TC 450 Z9 479 U1 24 U2 286 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD DEC 22 PY 2011 VL 480 IS 7378 BP 520 EP 524 DI 10.1038/nature10625 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 865NQ UT WOS:000298318000060 PM 22089132 ER PT J AU Li, EC Lim, C Cai, CF Klesius, PH AF Li, Erchao Lim, Chhorn Cai, Chunfang Klesius, Phillip H. TI Growth response and resistance to Streptococcus iniae of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fed diets containing different levels of wheat distiller's dried grains with solubles with or without lysine supplementation SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Wheat DDGS; Lysine; Nile tilapia; Growth; Disease resistance ID X MORONE-SAXATILIS; CHANNEL CATFISH; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; BREWERS-YEAST; SOYBEAN-MEAL; ETHANOL COPRODUCTS; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; NUTRITIONAL-VALUE; BODY-COMPOSITION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE AB A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary levels of wheat distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with or without lysine supplementation on growth, body composition, hematology, immune response, and resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, to Streptococcus iniae challenge. Nine isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets were formulated to contain 0 (control), 100, 200, 300 and 400 g/kg wheat DDGS without (W0-W400) and with (WL100-WL400) lysine supplementation to a level equal to that of the control diet as partial replacement of a combination of soybean meal (SBM) and maize meal (MM) on an equal protein basis. Each diet was fed to juvenile Nile tilapia (3.92 +/- 0.07 g) in triplicate aquaria twice daily to apparent satiation for 10 weeks. Fish fed W400 had lower (P<0.05) weight gain (WG), feed efficiency ratio (FER), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) compared with those fed the control diet. Supplementation of lysine to the 400 g/kg wheat DDGS diet (WL400) increased (P<0.05) WG, FER, PER to levels similar to those fed control diet. The values of these variables did not differ among fish fed W0-W300 and WL100-WL400. No differences (P>0.05) were observed among whole body moisture, protein and fat of fish receiving various diets. Whole body ash tended to increase with increasing levels of dietary wheat DDGS, but the differences were not always significant. Hematological and immunological parameters, the average number of days to first mortality after S. iniae challenge and cumulative mortality 4 weeks post challenge were not affected (P>0.05) by dietary treatments. Results of this study suggest that wheat DDGS can be incorporated in Nile tilapia diets at a level of 300 g/kg as a substitute, on an equal protein basis, for a combination of SBM and MM without requiring lysine supplementation. The inclusion level of wheat DDGS can be increased to at least 400 g/kg (highest level evaluated) if lysine was supplemented to a level equal to that of the control diet. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Li, Erchao; Lim, Chhorn; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, MSA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Li, Erchao] E China Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Cai, Chunfang] Soochow Univ, Sch Basic Med & Biol Sci, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China. RP Lim, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, MSA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM chhorn.lim@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD DEC 22 PY 2011 VL 170 IS 3-4 BP 246 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.09.002 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 858WQ UT WOS:000297834300012 ER PT J AU Sanchez, CC Weber, GM Gao, GT Cleveland, BM Yao, JB Rexroad, CE AF Sanchez, Cecilia C. Weber, Gregory M. Gao, Guangtu Cleveland, Beth M. Yao, Jianbo Rexroad, Caird E., III TI Generation of a reference transcriptome for evaluating rainbow trout responses to various stressors SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS WALBAUM; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; GENE-EXPRESSION; CORTISOL RESPONSE; SALINITY TRANSFER; ATLANTIC SALMON; FISH TRANSPORT; CELL SUICIDE; COHO SALMON; QUALITY AB Background: Fish under intensive culture conditions are exposed to a variety of acute and chronic stressors, including high rearing densities, sub-optimal water quality, and severe thermal fluctuations. Such stressors are inherent in aquaculture production and can induce physiological responses with adverse effects on traits important to producers and consumers, including those associated with growth, nutrition, reproduction, immune response, and fillet quality. Understanding and monitoring the biological mechanisms underlying stress responses will facilitate alleviating their negative effects through selective breeding and changes in management practices, resulting in improved animal welfare and production efficiency. Results: Physiological responses to five treatments associated with stress were characterized by measuring plasma lysozyme activity, glucose, lactate, chloride, and cortisol concentrations, in addition to stress-associated transcripts by quantitative PCR. Results indicate that the fish had significant stressor-specific changes in their physiological conditions. Sequencing of a pooled normalized transcriptome library created from gill, brain, liver, spleen, kidney and muscle RNA of control and stressed fish produced 3,160,306 expressed sequence tags which were assembled and annotated. SNP discovery resulted in identification of similar to 58,000 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms including 24,479 which were predicted to fall within exons. Of these, 4907 were predicted to occupy the first position of a codon and 4110 the second, increasing the probability to impact amino acid sequence variation and potentially gene function. Conclusion: We have generated and characterized a reference transcriptome for rainbow trout that represents multiple tissues responding to multiple stressors common to aquaculture production environments. This resource compliments existing public transcriptome data and will facilitate approaches aiming to evaluate gene expression associated with stress in this species. C1 [Sanchez, Cecilia C.; Weber, Gregory M.; Gao, Guangtu; Cleveland, Beth M.; Rexroad, Caird E., III] ARS, USDA, NCCCWA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Sanchez, Cecilia C.] Shepherd Univ, Inst Environm & Phys Sci, Robert C Byrd Sci & Technol Ctr, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA. [Sanchez, Cecilia C.; Yao, Jianbo] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Rexroad, CE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCCCWA, 11861 Leetown, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM caird.rexroadiii@ars.usda.gov RI Gao, Guangtu/F-4541-2012 NR 84 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 7 U2 44 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 21 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 626 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-626 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 907SI UT WOS:000301437700001 PM 22188770 ER PT J AU Liu, B Bhaladhare, S Zhan, P Jiang, L Zhang, JW Liu, LS Hotchkiss, AT AF Liu, Bo Bhaladhare, Sachin Zhan, Peng Jiang, Long Zhang, Jinwen Liu, Linshu Hotchkiss, Arland T. TI Morphology and Properties of Thermoplastic Sugar Beet Pulp and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terepthalate) Blends SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLY(LACTIC ACID); SOY PROTEIN; GREEN COMPOSITES; POLYMER BLENDS; COMPATIBILIZATION; COALESCENCE; PECTIN AB In this work, sugar beet pulp (SBP), the residue remaining after sugar extraction, was first turned into a thermoplastic-like compound by extrusion in the presence of water and glycerol. The resulting thermoplastic SBP (TSBP) was then blended with poly(butylene adipate-co-terepthalate) (PBAT) and extruded into sheets in a single process. The effects of polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate (pMDI) as compatibilizer and TSBP content on rheological properties, phase morphology, mechanical properties, and water absorption of the extruded sheets were studied. In comparison, dried SBP powder was also blended with PBAT by extrusion. It was found that when SBP was used as a plastic in compounding, it yielded blends with much finer dispersion of the SBP phase than when SBP was used as a filler in compounding. The dispersion of SBP in the blends was greatly improved with the addition of pMDI. The PBAT/SBP blends with fine phase morphology showed enhanced mechanical properties and moisture resistance. C1 [Liu, Bo; Bhaladhare, Sachin; Zhan, Peng; Jiang, Long; Zhang, Jinwen] Washington State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Liu, Bo; Bhaladhare, Sachin; Zhan, Peng; Jiang, Long; Zhang, Jinwen] Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Liu, Linshu; Hotchkiss, Arland T.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Zhang, JW (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jwzhang@wsu.edu RI Liu, Bo/A-9425-2010; Zhang, Jinwen/G-8674-2014; Jiang, Long/D-6172-2017 OI Liu, Bo/0000-0003-4561-1051; Zhang, Jinwen/0000-0001-8828-114X; Jiang, Long/0000-0002-1781-134X FU Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture [58-1935-9-965] FX We are grateful for financial support from the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-1935-9-965. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD DEC 21 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 24 BP 13859 EP 13865 DI 10.1021/ie2017948 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 860KE UT WOS:000297946400033 ER PT J AU Dietze, MC Vargas, R Richardson, AD Stoy, PC Barr, AG Anderson, RS Arain, MA Baker, IT Black, TA Chen, JM Ciais, P Flanagan, LB Gough, CM Grant, RF Hollinger, D Izaurralde, RC Kucharik, CJ Lafleur, P Liu, SG Lokupitiya, E Luo, YQ Munger, JW Peng, CH Poulter, B Price, DT Ricciuto, DM Riley, WJ Sahoo, AK Schaefer, K Suyker, AE Tian, HQ Tonitto, C Verbeeck, H Verma, SB Wang, WF Weng, ES AF Dietze, Michael C. Vargas, Rodrigo Richardson, Andrew D. Stoy, Paul C. Barr, Alan G. Anderson, Ryan S. Arain, M. Altaf Baker, Ian T. Black, T. Andrew Chen, Jing M. Ciais, Philippe Flanagan, Lawrence B. Gough, Christopher M. Grant, Robert F. Hollinger, David Izaurralde, R. Cesar Kucharik, Christopher J. Lafleur, Peter Liu, Shugang Lokupitiya, Erandathie Luo, Yiqi Munger, J. William Peng, Changhui Poulter, Benjamin Price, David T. Ricciuto, Daniel M. Riley, William J. Sahoo, Alok Kumar Schaefer, Kevin Suyker, Andrew E. Tian, Hanqin Tonitto, Christina Verbeeck, Hans Verma, Shashi B. Wang, Weifeng Weng, Ensheng TI Characterizing the performance of ecosystem models across time scales: A spectral analysis of the North American Carbon Program site-level synthesis SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WAVELET ANALYSIS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; MULTISCALE ANALYSIS; DIOXIDE UPTAKE; EXCHANGE; VEGETATION; CO2; BIOSPHERE; FOREST; UNCERTAINTY AB Ecosystem models are important tools for diagnosing the carbon cycle and projecting its behavior across space and time. Despite the fact that ecosystems respond to drivers at multiple time scales, most assessments of model performance do not discriminate different time scales. Spectral methods, such as wavelet analyses, present an alternative approach that enables the identification of the dominant time scales contributing to model performance in the frequency domain. In this study we used wavelet analyses to synthesize the performance of 21 ecosystem models at 9 eddy covariance towers as part of the North American Carbon Program's site-level intercomparison. This study expands upon previous single-site and single-model analyses to determine what patterns of model error are consistent across a diverse range of models and sites. To assess the significance of model error at different time scales, a novel Monte Carlo approach was developed to incorporate flux observation error. Failing to account for observation error leads to a misidentification of the time scales that dominate model error. These analyses show that model error (1) is largest at the annual and 20-120 day scales, (2) has a clear peak at the diurnal scale, and (3) shows large variability among models in the 2-20 day scales. Errors at the annual scale were consistent across time, diurnal errors were predominantly during the growing season, and intermediate-scale errors were largely event driven. Breaking spectra into discrete temporal bands revealed a significant model-by-band effect but also a nonsignificant model-by-site effect, which together suggest that individual models show consistency in their error patterns. Differences among models were related to model time step, soil hydrology, and the representation of photosynthesis and phenology but not the soil carbon or nitrogen cycles. These factors had the greatest impact on diurnal errors, were less important at annual scales, and had the least impact at intermediate time scales. C1 [Dietze, Michael C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vargas, Rodrigo] Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada, Dept Biol Conservac, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stoy, Paul C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Barr, Alan G.] Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Div Climate Res, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada. [Anderson, Ryan S.] Univ Montana, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Arain, M. Altaf] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Arain, M. Altaf] McMaster Univ, McMaster Ctr Climate Change, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Baker, Ian T.; Lokupitiya, Erandathie] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Black, T. Andrew] Univ British Columbia, Fac Land & Food Syst, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Chen, Jing M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geog, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada. [Chen, Jing M.] Univ Toronto, Program Planning, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada. [Ciais, Philippe] Ctr Etud Orme Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Flanagan, Lawrence B.] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Biol Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada. [Gough, Christopher M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Grant, Robert F.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Hollinger, David] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Izaurralde, R. Cesar] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Izaurralde, R. Cesar] Univ Maryland, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Kucharik, Christopher J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kucharik, Christopher J.] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lafleur, Peter] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Liu, Shugang] Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Luo, Yiqi; Weng, Ensheng] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Peng, Changhui; Wang, Weifeng] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Poulter, Benjamin] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Price, David T.] Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada. [Ricciuto, Daniel M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Riley, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sahoo, Alok Kumar] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Schaefer, Kevin] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Suyker, Andrew E.; Verma, Shashi B.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tian, Hanqin] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Tonitto, Christina] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Verbeeck, Hans] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, Plant Ecol Lab, Dept Appl Ecol & Environm Biol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Dietze, MC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mdietze@life.uiuc.edu; rvargas@cicese.mx; arichardson@oeb.harvard.edu; paul.stoy@montana.edu; alan.barr@ec.gc.ca; ryan.anderson@ntsg.umt.edu; arainm@mcmaster.ca; baker@atmos.colostate.edu; andrew.black@ubc.ca; chenj@geog.utoronto.ca; philippe.ciais@cea.fr; larry.flanagan@uleth.ca; cmgough@vcu.edu; robert.grant@afhe.ualberta.ca; davidh@hypatia.unh.edu; cesar.izaurralde@pnl.gov; kucharik@wisc.edu; plafleur@trentu.ca; sliu@usgs.gov; erandi@atmos.colostate.edu; yluo@ou.edu; jwmunger@seas.harvard.edu; peng.changhui@uqam.ca; benjamin.poulter@lsce.ipsl.fr; dprice@nrcan.gc.ca; ricciutodm@ornl.gov; wjriley@lbl.gov; sahoo@princeton.edu; kevin.schaefer@nsidc.org; asuyker1@unl.edu; tianhan@auburn.edu; ct244@cornell.edu; hans.verbeeck@ugent.be; sverma1@unl.edu RI Munger, J/H-4502-2013; Vargas, Rodrigo/C-4720-2008; Tian, Hanqin/A-6484-2012; Weng, Ensheng/E-4390-2012; Flanagan, Lawrence/B-1307-2013; Wang, Weifeng/H-5642-2011; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Barr, Alan/H-9939-2014; Riley, William/D-3345-2015; Ricciuto, Daniel/I-3659-2016; Izaurralde, Roberto/E-5826-2012; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Peng, Changhui/G-8248-2012; Dietze, Michael/A-5834-2009; Verbeeck, Hans/A-2106-2009 OI Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452; Vargas, Rodrigo/0000-0001-6829-5333; Grant, Robert/0000-0002-8890-6231; Arain, M. Altaf/0000-0002-1433-5173; Kucharik, Christopher/0000-0002-0400-758X; Poulter, Benjamin/0000-0002-9493-8600; Tian, Hanqin/0000-0002-1806-4091; Weng, Ensheng/0000-0002-1858-4847; Flanagan, Lawrence/0000-0003-1748-0306; Wang, Weifeng/0000-0002-9752-6185; Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Riley, William/0000-0002-4615-2304; Ricciuto, Daniel/0000-0002-3668-3021; Dietze, Michael/0000-0002-2324-2518; Verbeeck, Hans/0000-0003-1490-0168 FU NOAA [NA07OAR4310115]; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science through the Midwestern Regional Center for the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University [DE-FC02-06ER64158] FX We would like to thank the North American Carbon Program Site-Level Interim Synthesis team and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center for collecting, organizing, and distributing the model output and flux observations required for this analysis. Research by K. S. was partly funded by NOAA award NA07OAR4310115. C. K. was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science through the Midwestern Regional Center for the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University under award DE-FC02-06ER64158. NR 47 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 6 U2 71 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD DEC 20 PY 2011 VL 116 AR G04029 DI 10.1029/2011JG001661 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 868BB UT WOS:000298497400001 ER PT J AU Gilligan, TM Brown, JW Hoddle, MS AF Gilligan, Todd M. Brown, John W. Hoddle, Mark S. TI A new avocado pest in Central America (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with a key to Lepidoptera larvae threatening avocados in California SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Cryptaspasma; Guatemala; Hass; Mexico; Microcorsini; perseana; Persea americana ID AMORBIA-CUNEANA WALSINGHAM; UNITED-STATES; SEX-PHEROMONE; GUATEMALA; BIOLOGY; GRACILLARIIDAE; SYSTEMATICS; DISCOVERY; MOTH AB Cryptaspasma perseana Gilligan and Brown, new species, is described and illustrated from Mexico and Guatemala. This species is a potential pest of the fruit of cultivated avocado, Persea americana (Lauraceae). Images of adults, male secondary structures, male and female genitalia, eggs, larvae, and pupae are provided. Details of the life history are reviewed. We provide characters to differentiate this pest from the most common avocado fruit pest in the region, Stenoma catenifer (Walsingham) (Elachistidae), and a key to identify Lepidoptera larvae threatening avocado in California. In addition, we provide a complete list of tortricids documented from different avocado varieties worldwide. C1 [Gilligan, Todd M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brown, John W.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hoddle, Mark S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Gilligan, TM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM tgilliga@gmail.com; john.brown@ars.usda.gov; mhoddle@ucr.edu FU California Department of Agriculture, Colorado State University; USDA-CPHST under the supervision of Terrence Walters FX Portions of this research were funded through a cooperative agreement with California Department of Agriculture, Colorado State University, and USDA-CPHST under the supervision of Terrence Walters. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 20 PY 2011 IS 3137 BP 31 EP 45 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 887PE UT WOS:000299939900002 ER PT J AU White, JW Hoogenboom, G Kimball, BA Wall, GW AF White, Jeffrey W. Hoogenboom, Gerrit Kimball, Bruce A. Wall, Gerard W. TI Methodologies for simulating impacts of climate change on crop production SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Adaptation; Agricultural impacts; Climate change; Crop growth simulation; Global warming; Modeling ID AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; ELEVATED CO2; CHANGE SCENARIOS; TEMPERATURE; MODELS; FUTURE; AGRICULTURE; ADAPTATION; WHEAT; RICE AB Ecophysiological models are widely used to forecast potential impacts of climate change on future agricultural productivity and to examine options for adaptation by local stakeholders and policy makers. However, protocols followed in such assessments vary to such an extent that they constrain cross-study syntheses and increase the potential for bias in projected impacts. We reviewed 221 peer-reviewed papers that used crop simulation models to examine diverse aspects of how climate change might affect agricultural systems. Six subject areas were examined: target crops and regions; the crop model(s) used and their characteristics; sources and application of data on [CO(2)] and climate; impact parameters evaluated; assessment of variability or risk; and adaptation strategies. Wheat, maize, soybean and rice were considered in approximately 170 papers. The USA (55 papers) and Europe (64 papers) were the dominant regions studied. The most frequent approach used to simulate response to CO(2) involved adjusting daily radiation use efficiency (RUE) and transpiration, precluding consideration of the interacting effects of CO(2), stomatal conductance and canopy temperature, which are expected to exacerbate effects of global warming. The assumed baseline [CO(2)] typically corresponded to conditions 10-30 years earlier than the date the paper was accepted, exaggerating the relative impacts of increased [CO(2)]. Due in part to the diverse scenarios for increases in greenhouse gas emissions, assumed future [CO(2)] also varied greatly. further complicating comparisons among studies. Papers considering adaptation predominantly examined changes in planting dates and cultivars; only 20 papers tested different tillage practices or crop rotations. Risk was quantified in over half the papers, mainly in relation to variability in yield or effects of water deficits, but the limited consideration of other factors affecting risk beside climate change per se suggests that impacts of climate change were overestimated relative to background variability. A coordinated crop, climate and soil data resource would allow researchers to focus on underlying science. More extensive model intercomparison, facilitated by modular software, should strengthen the biological realism of predictions and clarify the limits of our ability to forecast agricultural impacts of climate change on crop production and associated food security as well as to evaluate potential for adaptation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [White, Jeffrey W.; Kimball, Bruce A.; Wall, Gerard W.] USDA ARS, ALARC, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Hoogenboom, Gerrit] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP White, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, ALARC, 21881 N Cordon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM jeffrey.white@ars.usda.gov RI wang, xiangxiang/G-5494-2011; Hoogenboom, Gerrit/F-3946-2010 OI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/0000-0002-1555-0537 NR 56 TC 160 Z9 163 U1 19 U2 165 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD DEC 20 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 3 BP 357 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2011.07.001 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 833OY UT WOS:000295896000010 ER PT J AU Nielsen, DC AF Nielsen, David C. TI Forage soybean yield and quality response to water use SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Forage soybean; Water use; Dry matter; Forage quality; Water use efficiency; Production function; Yield prediction ID SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; REGISTRATION; EFFICIENCY; SYSTEMS; WHEAT AB Forages could be used to diversify reduced and no-till dryland cropping systems from the traditional wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow system in the semiarid central Great Plains. Forages present an attractive alternative to grain and seed crops because of greater water use efficiency and less susceptibility to potentially devastating yield reductions due to severe water stress during critical growth stages. However, farmers need a simple tool to evaluate forage productivity under widely varying precipitation conditions. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the relationship between crop water use and dry matter (DM) yield for soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill), (2) evaluate changes in forage quality that occur as harvest date is delayed, and (3) determine the range and distribution of expected DM yields in the central Great Plains based on historical precipitation records. Forage soybean was grown under a line-source gradient irrigation system to impose a range of water availability conditions at Akron, CO. Dry matter production was linearly correlated with water use resulting in a production function slope of 21.2 kg ha(-1) mm(-1). The slope was much lower than previously reported for forage production functions for triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) and millet (Setaria italic L. Beauv.), and only slightly lower than slopes previously reported for corn (Zea mays L.) and pea (Pisum sativa L.) forage. Forage quality was relatively stable during the last four weeks of growth, with small declines in crude protein (CP) concentration. Values of CP concentration and relative feed value indicated that forage soybean was of sufficient quality to be used for dairy feed. A standard seed variety of maturity group VII was found to be similar (in both productivity and quality) to a variety designated as a forage type. The probability of obtaining a break-even yield of at least 4256 kg ha(-1) was 90% as determined from long-term precipitation records used with the production function. The average estimated DM yield was 5890 kg ha(-1) and ranged from 2437 to 9432 kg ha(-1). Regional estimates of mean forage soybean DM yield ranged from 4770 kg ha(-1) at Fort Morgan, CO to 6911 kg ha(-1) at Colby, KS. Forage soybean should be considered a viable alternative crop for dryland cropping systems in the central Great Plains. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Nielsen, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM david.nielsen@ars.usda.gov RI Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD DEC 20 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 3 BP 400 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2011.07.007 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 833OY UT WOS:000295896000014 ER PT J AU Frazier-Wood, AC Glasser, S Garvey, WT Kabagambe, EK Borecki, IB Tiwari, HK Tsai, MY Hopkins, PN Ordovas, JM Arnett, DK AF Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. Glasser, Stephen Garvey, W. Timothy Kabagambe, Edmond K. Borecki, Ingrid B. Tiwari, Hemant K. Tsai, Michael Y. Hopkins, Paul N. Ordovas, Jose M. Arnett, Donna K. TI A clustering analysis of lipoprotein diameters in the metabolic syndrome SO LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE LA English DT Article DE lipoprotein particle diameter; insulin resistance; nuclear resonance spectroscopy; Metabolic Syndrome; latent class analysis; GOLDN; waist circumference; hypertension; hypertriglyceridemia; fasting glucose ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE ATHEROSCLEROSIS; LDL SIZE; PARTICLE-SIZE; MEN; HYPERINSULINEMIA; DISEASE AB Background: The presence of smaller low-density lipoproteins (LDL) has been associated with atherosclerosis risk, and the insulin resistance (IR) underlying the metabolic syndrome (MetS). In addition, some research has supported the association of very low-, low-and high-density lipoprotein (VLDL HDL) particle diameters with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), although this has been the focus of less research. We aimed to explore the relationship of VLDL, LDL and HDL diameters to MetS and its features, and by clustering individuals by their diameters of VLDL, LDL and HDL particles, to capture information across all three fractions of lipoprotein into a unified phenotype. Methods: We used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements on fasting plasma samples from a general population sample of 1,036 adults (mean +/- SD, 48.8 +/- 16.2 y of age). Using latent class analysis, the sample was grouped by the diameter of their fasting lipoproteins, and mixed effects models tested whether the distribution of MetS components varied across the groups. Results: Eight discrete groups were identified. Two groups (N = 251) were enriched with individuals meeting criteria for the MetS, and were characterized by the smallest LDL/HDL diameters. One of those two groups, one was additionally distinguished by large VLDL, and had significantly higher blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and waist circumference (WC; P < .001). However, large VLDL, in the absence of small LDL and HDL particles, did not associate with MetS features. These associations held after additionally controlling for VLDL, LDL and HDL particle concentrations. Conclusions: While small LDL diameters remain associated with IR and the MetS, the occurrence of these in conjunction with a shift to overall larger VLDL diameter may identify those with the highest fasting glucose, TG and WC within the MetS. If replicated, the association of this phenotype with more severe IR-features indicated that it may contribute to identifying of those most at risk for incident type II diabetes and cardiometabolic disease. C1 [Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Kabagambe, Edmond K.; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.; Tiwari, Hemant K.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Sect Stat Genet, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Glasser, Stephen] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Garvey, W. Timothy] Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Kabagambe, Edmond K.; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Nutr Obes Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain. RP Frazier-Wood, AC (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM LekkiWood@Gmail.com RI Frazier-Wood, Alexis (Lekki)/B-8053-2010 OI Frazier-Wood, Alexis (Lekki)/0000-0001-7616-2119 FU NHLBI [U01HL072524] FX This study was funded by NHLBI grant number U01HL072524. Financial disclosures: None to declare. Disclosure: All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-511X J9 LIPIDS HEALTH DIS JI Lipids Health Dis. PD DEC 19 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 237 DI 10.1186/1476-511X-10-237 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 878SQ UT WOS:000299277300001 PM 22182248 ER PT J AU Li, ZC Zeng, F Mitchell, AD Kim, YS Wu, ZF Yang, JZ AF Li, Zicong Zeng, Fang Mitchell, Alva D. Kim, Yong Soo Wu, Zhenfang Yang, Jinzeng TI Transgenic overexpression of bone morphogenetic protein 11 propeptide in skeleton enhances bone formation SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE BMP11 propeptide; GDF11; Skeleton; Osteoblast; Transgenic mice ID MYOSTATIN; EXPRESSION; MICE; DIFFERENTIATION; GROWTH; MOUSE; MUSCLE; CELLS; GDF11; LIMB AB Bone morphogenetic protein 11 (BMP11) is a key regulatory protein in skeletal development. BMP11 propeptide has been shown to antagonize GDF11 activity in vitro. To explore the role of BMP11 propeptide in skeletal formation in vivo, we generated transgenic mice with skeleton-specific overexpression of BMP11 propeptide cDNA. The mice showed a transformation of the seventh cervical vertebra into a thoracic vertebra in our previous report. Presently, further characterizations of the transgenic mice indicated that ossification in calvatia was dramatically enhanced in transgenic fetuses at 16.5 dpc in comparison with their wild-type littermates. At 10 weeks of age, bone mineral content and bone mineral density were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in transgenic mice than that in their wild-type littermates based on dual energy X-ray absorptiometry analysis. The relative trabecular bone volume measured by histological analysis was dramatically increased in transgenic mice compared with their wild-type littermates. The enhanced bone formations in the transgenic mice appear to result from increase osteoblast activities as the expressions of four osteoblast markers - alpha 1 type 1 collagen, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase and phex were significantly higher in transgenic fetuses than that in their wild-type littermates. These results suggest that over-expression of BMP11 propeptide stimulates bone formation by increasing osteoblast cell functions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Zicong; Zeng, Fang; Wu, Zhenfang] S China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Li, Zicong; Kim, Yong Soo; Yang, Jinzeng] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Human Nutr Food & Anim Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Mitchell, Alva D.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Li, ZC (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Wushan St, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM lizicongcong@163.com; jinzeng@hawaii.edu FU NIH COBRE [5P20RR024206-01A1]; USDA-TSTAR [2008-34135-19322]; Wuhan "3551 Talent Scheme" FX This work was supported by grants from NIH COBRE Grant (5P20RR024206-01A1), USDA-TSTAR programs (Grant # 2008-34135-19322), and Wuhan "3551 Talent Scheme". We thank Fanming Meng for his assistances in preparation of the manuscript NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD DEC 16 PY 2011 VL 416 IS 3-4 BP 289 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.11.019 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 872RU UT WOS:000298827800011 PM 22093826 ER PT J AU Rault, JL Lay, DC Marchant-Forde, JN AF Rault, Jean-Loup Lay, Donald C., Jr. Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N. TI Castration induced pain in pigs and other livestock SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pain; Castration; Pigs; Sheep; Cattle ID ACUTE CORTISOL RESPONSES; GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; ACUTE-PHASE PROTEINS; RUBBER RING AND/OR; LONG-TERM PAIN; THAN 2 DAYS; PLASMA-CORTISOL; SURGICAL-CASTRATION; TAIL DOCKING; LOCAL-ANESTHESIA AB Castration of male livestock being reared for meat has long been practiced, to prevent unwanted breeding, make management and handling easier, and to improve meat quality. However, castration is a painful procedure for the animal and has increasingly come under scrutiny from animal welfare lobbyists. Depending on the species, a number of different methods are available which include surgical removal of the testes following scrotal incision, crushing of the blood and nerve supply using clamps, rubber rings or latex bands, the destruction of testicular tissue using chemicals or vaccination against hormones such as GnRH and LH that control testicular function (immuno-castration). The degree of pain experienced by the animal may depend on the method used and the age at which the procedure is carried out. This is characterized by an activation of the HPA axis, resulting in a large cortisol response, and obvious display of pain-related behaviours including abnormal posture, increased inactivity, and attention directed towards the site of injury. Use of anaesthetics and analgesics impact the degree of pain experienced. As alternatives, such as immuno-castration or the rearing of intact males become more prevalent, the needs for castration will diminish. However, in the meantime, castration will continue to be seen by many producers as a "routine" procedure, subject to varying degrees of recommendation of best practice or legislation depending on country, and subject to attention from animal welfare groups and policy-makers. Further science is needed to best inform all stakeholders as to the longer-term implications of castration methods on pain and welfare of individuals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rault, Jean-Loup; Lay, Donald C., Jr.; Marchant-Forde, Jeremy N.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rault, Jean-Loup] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Marchant-Forde, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, 125 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jeremy.Marchant-Forde@ars.usda.gov RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 NR 132 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 135 IS 3 SI SI BP 214 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.017 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA 869BH UT WOS:000298570200004 ER PT J AU Schrlau, JE Geiser, L Hageman, KJ Landers, DH Simonich, SM AF Schrlau, Jill E. Geiser, Linda Hageman, Kimberly J. Landers, Dixon H. Simonich, Staci Massey TI Comparison of Lichen, Conifer Needles, Passive Air Sampling Devices, and Snowpack as Passive Sampling Media to Measure Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds in Remote Atmospheres SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; US NATIONAL-PARKS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; POLLUTANTS; SAMPLERS; DEPOSITION; ACCUMULATION AB A wide range of semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs), including pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were measured in lichen, conifer needles, snowpack and XAD-based passive air sampling devices (PASDs) collected from 19 different U.S. national parks in order to compare the magnitude and mechanism of SOC accumulation in the different passive sampling media. Lichen accumulated the highest SOC concentrations, in part because of its long (and unknown) exposure period, whereas PASDs accumulated the lowest concentrations. However, only the PASD SOC concentrations can be used to calculate an average atmospheric gas-phase SOC concentration because the sampling rates are known and the media is uniform. Only the lichen and snowpack SOC accumulation profiles were statistically significantly correlated (r = 0.552, p-value <0.0001) because they both accumulate SOCs present in the atmospheric particle-phase. This suggests that needles and PASDs represent a different composition of the atmosphere than lichen and snowpack and that the interpretation of atmospheric SOC composition is dependent on the type of passive sampling media used. All four passive sampling media preferentially accumulated SOCs with relatively low air-water partition coefficients, while snowpack accumulated SOCs with higher log K(OA) values compared to the other media. Lichen accumulated more SOCs with log K(OA) > 10 relative to needles and showed a greater accumulation of particle-phase PAHs. C1 [Schrlau, Jill E.; Simonich, Staci Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Geiser, Linda] USDA, Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hageman, Kimberly J.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand. [Landers, Dixon H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Simonich, Staci Massey] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Simonich, SM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM staci.simonich@orst.edu OI Hageman, Kimberly/0000-0001-9187-5256 FU Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Project (WACAP).45; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NMHS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P30 ES00210, P42 ES016465]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Department of the Interior FX This work is part of the Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Project (WACAP).45 This publication was made possible in part by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NMHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), grants P30 ES00210 and P42 ES016465. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view of the NIEHS, NIH. This work was partially funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of the Interior. It has been subjected to review by these government entities and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the content reflects the views of the U.S. Government, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation. We thank Greg Brenner for statistical advice, Eric Lynch, Kristina Cobarrubias and Bethany Lund for processing the vegetation samples, and Rebecca McElroy and Jessica Murray for processing the snow samples. NR 45 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 24 BP 10354 EP 10361 DI 10.1021/es202418f PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862TZ UT WOS:000298118300015 PM 22087860 ER PT J AU Kakani, VG Vu, JCV Allen, LH Boote, KJ AF Kakani, Vijaya Gopal Vu, Joseph C. V. Allen, Leon Hartwell, Jr. Boote, Kenneth J. TI Leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrates of CO2-enriched maize and grain sorghum exposed to a short period of soil water deficit during vegetative development SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE C-4 photosynthesis; Drought stress; Elevated CO2; Gas exchange; Leaf carbohydrates; Leaf enzymes; Maize; Sorghum ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; CO2 ENRICHMENT FACE; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; METABOLISM ENZYMES; USE EFFICIENCY; UP-REGULATION; ENERGY-USE; DROUGHT; LEAVES; STRESS AB Among C-4 species, sorghum is known to be more drought tolerant than maize. The objective was to evaluate differences in leaf gas exchanges, carbohydrates, and two enzyme activities of these nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) C-4 subtype monocots in response to water deficit and CO2 concentration ([CO2]). Maize and sorghum were grown in pots in sunlit environmental-controlled chambers. Treatments included well watered (WW) and water stressed (WS) (water withheld at 26 days) and daytime [CO2] of 360 (ambient) and 720 (elevated) mu mol mol(-1). Midday gas exchange rates, concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates, and activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) and adenosine 5'-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase (ADGP) were determined for fully expanded leaf sections. There was no difference in leaf CO2 exchange rates (CER) between ambient and elevated [CO2] control plants for both maize and sorghum. After withholding water, leaf CER declined to zero after 8 days in maize and 10 days for sorghum. Sorghum had lower stomatal conductance and transpiration rates than maize, which resulted in a longer period of CER under drought. Nonstructural carbohydrates of both control maize and sorghum were hardly affected by elevated [CO2]. Under drought, however, increases in soluble sugars and decreases in starch were generally observed for maize and sorghum at both [CO2] levels. For stressed maize and sorghum, decreases in starch occurred earlier and were greater at ambient [CO2] than at elevated [CO2]. For maize, drought did not meaningfully affect SPS activity. However, a decline in SPS activity was observed for drought-stressed sorghum under both [CO2] treatments. There was an increase in ADGP activity in maize under drought for both [CO2] treatments. Such a response in ADGP to drought, however, did not occur for sorghum. The generally more rapid response of maize than sorghum to drought might be related to the more rapid growth of leaf area of maize. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Vu, Joseph C. V.; Allen, Leon Hartwell, Jr.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Kakani, Vijaya Gopal; Vu, Joseph C. V.; Allen, Leon Hartwell, Jr.; Boote, Kenneth J.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Allen, LH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Hartwell.Allen@ars.usda.gov RI Kakani, Vijaya Gopal/J-4214-2013; OI Kakani, Vijaya Gopal/0000-0002-7925-4809; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 168 IS 18 BP 2169 EP 2176 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2011.07.003 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 867NW UT WOS:000298462100004 PM 21835494 ER PT J AU Xie, YP He, YP Gehring, A Hu, Y Li, QQ Tu, SI Shi, XM AF Xie, Yanping He, Yiping Gehring, Andrew Hu, Yu Li, Qiongqiong Tu, Shu-I Shi, Xianming TI Genotypes and Toxin Gene Profiles of Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates from China SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MULTIPLEX PCR; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; EXFOLIATIVE TOXINS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; STRAINS; AGR; SUPERANTIGEN; ENTEROTOXIN; INFECTIONS AB A total of 108 S. aureus isolates from 16 major hospitals located in 14 different provinces in China were characterized for the profiles of 18 staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes, 3 exfoliatin genes (eta, etb and etd), and the toxic shock syndrome toxin gene (tsst) by PCR. The genomic diversity of each isolate was also evaluated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and accessory gene regulator (agr) typing. Of these strains, 90.7% (98/108) harbored toxin genes, in which tsst was the most prevalent toxin gene (48.1%), followed by sea (44.4%), sek (42.6%) and seq (40.7%). The see and etb genes were not found in any of the isolates tested. Because of high-frequency transfer of toxin gene-containing mobile genetic elements between S. aureus strains, a total of 47 different toxin gene combinations were detected, including a complete egc cluster in 19 isolates, co-occurrence of sea, sek and seq in 38 strains, and sec and sel together in 11 strains. Genetic typing by PFGE grouped all the strains into 25 clusters based on 80% similarity. MLST revealed 25 sequence types (ST) which were assigned into 16 clonal complexes (CCs) including 2 new singletons. Among these, 11 new and 6 known STs were first reported in the S. aureus strains from China. Overall, the genotyping results showed high genetic diversity of the strains regardless of their geographical distributions, and no strong correlation between genetic background and toxin genotypes of the strains. For genotyping S. aureus, PFGE appears to be more discriminatory than MLST. However, toxin gene typing combined with PFGE or MLST could increase the discriminatory power of genotyping S. aureus strains. C1 [Xie, Yanping; Hu, Yu; Li, Qiongqiong; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Bor Luh Food Safety Ctr, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [He, Yiping; Gehring, Andrew; Tu, Shu-I] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Xie, YP (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Bor Luh Food Safety Ctr, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. EM yiping.he@ars.usda.gov; xmshi@sjtu.edu.cn RI Xu, Huanyu/C-7860-2016; Xie, Yanping/C-7950-2016 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011DFA31220]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30972485, 31171690]; Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This research was jointly supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (grant no. 2011DFA31220), National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 30972485 and 31171690), and the Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e28276 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028276 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 866HE UT WOS:000298370400012 ER PT J AU McRoberts, RE Magnussen, S Tomppo, EO Chirici, G AF McRoberts, Ronald E. Magnussen, Steen Tomppo, Erkki O. Chirici, Gherardo TI 2 Parametric, bootstrap, and jackknife variance estimators for the k-Nearest Neighbors technique with illustrations using forest inventory and satellite image data SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Model-based inference; Cluster sampling ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; SAMPLE-SURVEYS; VARIABLES; ERROR; IMPUTATION; AREA; BIAS AB Nearest neighbors techniques have been shown to be useful for estimating forest attributes, particularly when used with forest inventory and satellite image data. Published reports of positive results have been truly international in scope. However, for these techniques to be more useful, they must be able to contribute to scientific inference which, for sample-based methods, requires estimates of uncertainty in the form of variances or standard errors. Several parametric approaches to estimating uncertainty for nearest neighbors techniques have been proposed, but they are complex and computationally intensive. For this study, two resampling estimators, the bootstrap and the jackknife, were investigated and compared to a parametric estimator for estimating uncertainty using the k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) technique with forest inventory and Landsat data from Finland, Italy, and the USA. The technical objectives of the study were threefold: (1) to evaluate the assumptions underlying a parametric approach to estimating k-NN variances: (2) to assess the utility of the bootstrap and jackknife methods with respect to the quality of variance estimates, ease of implementation, and computational intensity; and (3) to investigate adaptation of resampling methods to accommodate cluster sampling. The general conclusions were that support was provided for the assumptions underlying the parametric approach, the parametric and resampling estimators produced comparable variance estimates, care must be taken to ensure that bootstrap resampling mimics the original sampling, and the bootstrap procedure is a viable approach to variance estimation for nearest neighbor techniques that use very small numbers of neighbors to calculate predictions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Magnussen, Steen] Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Tomppo, Erkki O.] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Vantaa, Finland. [Chirici, Gherardo] Univ Molise, Isernia, Italy. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM rmcroberts@fs.fed.us RI Chirici, Gherardo/E-6364-2010; OI Chirici, Gherardo/0000-0002-0669-5726; magnussen, steen/0000-0002-5655-768X NR 45 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3165 EP 3174 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.07.002 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300018 ER PT J AU Tang, RL Li, ZL Jia, YY Li, CR Sun, XM Kustas, WP Anderson, MC AF Tang, Ronglin Li, Zhao-Liang Jia, Yuanyuan Li, Chuanrong Sun, Xiaomin Kustas, William P. Anderson, Martha C. TI An intercomparison of three remote sensing-based energy balance models using Large Aperture Scintillometer measurements over a wheat-corn production region SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Comparison; MODIS; Evapotranspiration models; Large Aperture Scintillometer ID LAND-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; SOIL-WATER CONTENT; MODIS-LAI PRODUCT; LEAF-AREA INDEX; VEGETATION INDEX; EDDY-COVARIANCE; RADIOMETRIC TEMPERATURE; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; CANOPY TEMPERATURE AB This paper compares three remote sensing-based models for estimating evapotranspiration (ET), namely the Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS), the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model, and the surface temperature-vegetation index Triangle (TVT). The models used as input MODIS/TERRA products and ground measurements collected during the wheat and corn growth period in a subhumid climate at a measurement station in Yucheng, China. MODIS land surface temperature (LST) and leaf area index (LAI) products, corrected using ground-truth observations, were used in the three models. The TSEB model output of sensible (H) and latent (LE) heat fluxes were in good agreement with Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS)-measured H and LE derived by residual (RMSD<45 W/m(2)). Reasonable agreement was also obtained with the SEBS model output yielding RMSD for H of -40 W/m(2) and LE -55 W/m(2). However, the TVT model output resulted in poor agreement with the LAS-estimated H and LE with RMSD-values >110 W/m(2). Using the uncorrected MODIS LST and LAI products resulted in a deterioration of the agreement in H and LE with LAS-estimated values for both the TSEB and SEBS models, whereas TVT performance improved marginally. These results indicate that the TSEB model yielded the closest agreement with the LAS-estimated fluxes using either the corrected or uncorrected MODIS inputs (LST and LAI). The SEBS model also computed reasonable H and LE values but was significantly more sensitive to errors in MODIS LST and LAI inputs than the TSEB model. In the TVT model, output of H and LE was unacceptable in either scenario of MODIS input which was attributable to errors in selection of the dry edge. With the TVT method, accurate determination of the dry edge end member is critical in regional ET estimation, but for humid and subhumid regions this end member may often be quite difficult to identify or encompass within a satellite scene. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tang, Ronglin; Li, Zhao-Liang] Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Tang, Ronglin; Li, Zhao-Liang] CNRS, UdS, LSIIT, F-67412 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France. [Tang, Ronglin] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Jia, Yuanyuan; Li, Chuanrong] Chinese Acad Sci, Acad Optoelect, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Sun, Xiaomin] Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Kustas, William P.; Anderson, Martha C.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Li, ZL (reprint author), Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM lizl@igsnrr.ac.cn RI Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015 OI Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40871169]; State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environment Information System [088RA400SA]; China Scholarship Council FX Professor B. Su is acknowledged for his kindness on providing us the source code of SEBS model. We thank the hard-working staffs at the Yucheng Comprehensive Experimental Station who cooperatively provided the ground and near-surface measurements involved in this study and Mr. Wei Zhao who helped edit part of the graphs. This work was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 40871169 and by the State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environment Information System under grant 088RA400SA. Mr. R. Tang is financially supported by China Scholarship Council for his stay in LSIIT, France. NR 81 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3187 EP 3202 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.07.004 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300020 ER PT J AU Stueve, KM Housman, IW Zimmerman, PL Nelson, MD Webb, JB Perry, CH Chastain, RA Gormanson, DD Huang, C Healey, SP Cohen, WB AF Stueve, Kirk M. Housman, Ian W. Zimmerman, Patrick L. Nelson, Mark D. Webb, Jeremy B. Perry, Charles H. Chastain, Robert A. Gormanson, Dale D. Huang, Chengquan Healey, Sean P. Cohen, Warren B. TI Snow-covered Landsat time series stacks improve automated disturbance mapping accuracy in forested landscapes SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Automated disturbance mapping; Eastern deciduous forest; Forest disturbance commission errors; Landsat time series stacks; Great lakes; Mixed northern hardwoods; Satellite remote sensing; Snow; Southern boreal forest; Validation; Vegetation change tracker; Winter ID UNITED-STATES; THEMATIC ACCURACY; DETECTING TRENDS; BURN SEVERITY; NET-RADIATION; MODIS; PATTERNS; IMAGERY; CLASSIFICATION; DATABASE AB Accurate landscape-scale maps of forests and associated disturbances are critical to augment studies on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the carbon cycle, especially in terms of understanding how the spatial and temporal complexities of damage sustained from disturbances influence forest structure and function. Vegetation change tracker (VCT) is a highly automated algorithm that exploits the spectral-temporal properties of summer Landsat time series stacks (LTSSs) to generate spatially explicit maps of forest and recent forest disturbances. VCT performs well in contiguous forest landscapes with closed or nearly closed canopies, but often incorrectly classifies large patches of land as forest or forest disturbance in the complex and spatially heterogeneous environments that typify fragmented forest landscapes. We introduce an improved version of VCT (dubbed VCTw) that incorporates a nonforest mask derived from snow-covered winter Landsat time series stacks (LTSSw) and compare it with VCT across nearly 25 million ha of land in the Lake Superior (Canada, USA) and Lake Michigan (USA) drainage basins. Accuracy assessments relying on 87 primary sampling units (PSUs) and 2640 secondary sampling units (SSUs) indicated that VCT performed with an overall accuracy of 86.3%. For persisting forest, the commission error was 14.7% and the omission error was 4.3%. Commission and omission errors for the two forest disturbance classes fluctuated around 50%. VCTw produced a statistically significant increase in overall accuracy to 91.2% and denoted about 1.115 million ha less forest (-.371 million ha disturbed and -0.744 million ha persisting). For persisting forest, the commission error decreased to 9.3% and the omission error was relatively unchanged at 5.0%. Commission errors decreased considerably to near 22% and omission errors remained near 50% in both forest disturbance classes. Dividing the assessments into three geographic strata demonstrated that the most dramatic improvement occurred across the southern half of the Lake Michigan basin, which contains a highly fragmented agricultural landscape and relatively sparse deciduous forest, although substantial improvements occurred in other geographic strata containing little agricultural land, abundant wetlands, and extensive coniferous forest. Unlike VCT, VCTw also generally corresponded well with field-based estimates of forest cover in each stratum. Snow-covered winter imagery appears to be a valuable resource for improving automated disturbance mapping accuracy. About 34% of the world's forests receive sufficient snowfall to cover the ground and are potentially suitable for VCTw; other season-based techniques may be worth pursuing for the remaining 66%. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Stueve, Kirk M.; Zimmerman, Patrick L.; Nelson, Mark D.; Perry, Charles H.; Gormanson, Dale D.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Housman, Ian W.; Webb, Jeremy B.; Chastain, Robert A.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. [Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Healey, Sean P.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Stueve, KM (reprint author), 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kstueve@biogeography.us OI Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798; Perry, Charles/0000-0001-9377-5996 FU EPA; NASA; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station HA Unit; USDA Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Center (RSAC) FX The EPA, NASA Applied Science Program (via the NAFD project), USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station HA Unit, and USDA Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Center (RSAC) provided generous funding and support of this research. Mark Finco, Don Evans, Carl Albury, Greg Liknes, Sam Coward, and Nancy Thomas contributed invaluable critiques and assistance throughout various stages of the project. Kirk Stueve and Ian Housman envisioned the idea of using winter imagery to mitigate false positives. Kirk also wrote most of the paper, designed most figures and tables, and provided continual scientific support. Ian also spearheaded the implementation of the remote sensing methods at RSAC, provided input for all figures, performed the data analysis for Fig. 4, and contributed to the structure of the paper. Patrick Zimmerman led the design and implementation of the accuracy assessment. Patrick also contributed to writing the methods for the accuracy assessment, and supplied data for Fig. 10 and all of the tables. Mark Nelson provided substantive critical reviews of the manuscript and generated HA-based estimates of forest area. Jeremy Webb contributed to the development of the winter imagery approach, created Figs. 2 and 5, led the interpretation of the validation points, wrote part of the methods for the accuracy assessment, and provided support for making other figures. Hobie Perry provided overall management of the GLRI project, funding and contract support for the work conducted by RSAC, technical coordination and communication with research partners, critical feedback for several manuscript drafts, and scientific guidance. Robert Chastain provided remote sensing technical expertise at key stages and critiqued several manuscript drafts. Dale Gormanson designed the map in Fig. 12 and performed the global analyses of forest and snow cover. Chengquan Huang, Sean Healey, and Warren Cohen all provide a wealth of invaluable experience with multitemporal automated disturbance mapping and substantive feedback for several manuscript drafts. Two anonymous reviewers also gave invaluable advice for improving the paper. NR 71 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3203 EP 3219 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.07.005 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300021 ER PT J AU Pflugmacher, D Krankina, ON Cohen, WB Friedl, MA Sulla-Menashe, D Kennedy, RE Nelson, P Loboda, TV Kuemmerle, T Dyukarev, E Elsakov, V Kharuk, VI AF Pflugmacher, Dirk Krankina, Olga N. Cohen, Warren B. Friedl, Mark A. Sulla-Menashe, Damien Kennedy, Robert E. Nelson, Peder Loboda, Tatiana V. Kuemmerle, Tobias Dyukarev, Egor Elsakov, Vladimir Kharuk, Viacheslav I. TI Comparison and assessment of coarse resolution land cover maps for Northern Eurasia SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Eurasia; Land cover; Global; Validation; GLC-2000; GLOBCOVER; MODIS; LCCS ID ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; SATELLITE DATA; MODIS DATA; PRODUCTS; DATASETS; CARBON; CLASSIFICATION; VALIDATION; SURFACE; EARTH AB Information on land cover at global and continental scales is critical for addressing a range of ecological, socioeconomic and policy questions. Global land cover maps have evolved rapidly in the last decade, but efforts to evaluate map uncertainties have been limited, especially in remote areas like Northern Eurasia. Northern Eurasia comprises a particularly diverse region covering a wide range of climate zones and ecosystems: from arctic deserts, tundra, boreal forest, and wetlands, to semi-arid steppes and the deserts of Central Asia. In this study, we assessed four of the most recent global land cover datasets: GLC-2000, GLOBCOVER, and the MODIS Collection 4 and Collection 5 Land Cover Product using cross-comparison analyses and Landsat-based reference maps distributed throughout the region. A consistent comparison of these maps was challenging because of disparities in class definitions, thematic detail, and spatial resolution. We found that the choice of sampling unit significantly influenced accuracy estimates, which indicates that comparisons of reported global map accuracies might be misleading. To minimize classification ambiguities, we devised a generalized legend based on dominant life form types (LFT) (tree, shrub, and herbaceous vegetation, barren land and water). LFT served as a necessary common denominator in the analyzed map legends, but significantly decreased the thematic detail. We found significant differences in the spatial representation of LFT's between global maps with high spatial agreement (above 0.8) concentrated in the forest belt of Northern Eurasia and low agreement (below 0.5) concentrated in the northern taiga-tundra zone, and the southern dry lands. Total pixel-level agreement between global maps and six test sites was moderate to fair (overall agreement: 0.67-0.74, Kappa: 0.41-0.52) and increased by 0.09-0.45 when only homogenous land cover types were analyzed. Low map accuracies at our tundra test site confirmed regional disagreements and difficulties of current global maps in accurately mapping shrub and herbaceous vegetation types at the biome borders of Northern Eurasia. In comparison, tree dominated vegetation classes in the forest belt of the region were accurately mapped, but were slightly overestimated (10%-20%), in all maps. Low agreement of global maps in the northern and southern vegetation transition zones of Northern Eurasia is likely to have important implications for global change research, as those areas are vulnerable to both climate and socio-economic changes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Pflugmacher, Dirk; Krankina, Olga N.; Kennedy, Robert E.; Nelson, Peder] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Friedl, Mark A.; Sulla-Menashe, Damien] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Loboda, Tatiana V.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kuemmerle, Tobias] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res PIK, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany. [Dyukarev, Egor] Inst Monitoring Climat & Ecol Syst, Tomsk 634021, Russia. [Elsakov, Vladimir] Russian Acad Sci, Komi Sci Ctr, Inst Biol, Syktyvkar 167610, Russia. [Kharuk, Viacheslav I.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. RP Pflugmacher, D (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dirk.pflugmacher@oregonstate.edu RI Kuemmerle, Tobias/B-4340-2008; Elsakov, Vladimir/P-9630-2015; Dyukarev, Egor/A-6681-2014; OI Dyukarev, Egor/0000-0002-7019-4459; Sulla-Menashe, Damien/0000-0002-0435-6114 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNGO6GF54G, NNX09AK88G]; Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX The research was supported by the Land Cover/Land-Use Change Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant numbers NNGO6GF54G and NNX09AK88G) and in part by the Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. We like to thank Dr. Curtis Woodcock for his advice in the early planning of this study, and Gretchen Bracher for preparing graphs. We are also thankful for the comments of two anonymous reviewers that helped to improve this manuscript. NR 65 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3539 EP 3553 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.016 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300048 ER PT J AU Jensen, JLR Humes, KS Hudak, AT Vierling, LA Delmelle, E AF Jensen, Jennifer L. R. Humes, Karen S. Hudak, Andrew T. Vierling, Lee A. Delmelle, Eric TI Evaluation of the MODIS LAI product using independent lidar-derived LAI: A case study in mixed conifer forest SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Leaf area index; LAI; Lidar; MODIS; Sub-pixel; Vegetation structure; Conifer; Evergreen needleleaf ID LEAF-AREA-INDEX; DISCRETE-RETURN LIDAR; CANOPY ARCHITECTURE; BOREAL FORESTS; NORTH-AMERICA; ABSORBED PAR; LAND-COVER; IN-SITU; VALIDATION; VEGETATION AB This study presents an alternative assessment of the MODIS LAI product for a 58,000 ha evergreen needleleaf forest located in the western Rocky Mountain range in northern Idaho by using lidar data to model (R-2= 0.86, RMSE = 0.76) and map LAI at higher resolution across a large number of MODIS pixels in their entirety. Moderate resolution (30 m) lidar-based LAI estimates were aggregated to the resolution of the 1-km MODIS LAI product and compared to temporally-coincident MODIS retrievals. Differences in the MODIS and lidar-derived values of LAI were grouped and analyzed by several different factors, including MODIS retrieval algorithm, sun/sensor geometry, and sub-pixel heterogeneity in both vegetation and terrain characteristics. Of particular interest is the disparity in the results when MODIS LAI was analyzed according to algorithm retrieval class. We observed relatively good agreement between lidar-derived and MODIS LAI values for pixels retrieved with the main RT algorithm without saturation for LAI LAI Moreover, for the entire range of LAI values, considerable overestimation of LAI (relative to lidar-derived LA!) occurred when either the main RT with saturation or back-up algorithm retrievals were used to populate the composite product regardless of sub-pixel vegetation structural complexity or sun/sensor geometry. These results are significant because algorithm retrievals based on the main radiative transfer algorithm with or without saturation are characterized as suitable for validation and subsequent ecosystem modeling, yet the magnitude of difference appears to be specific to retrieval quality class and vegetation structural characteristics. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jensen, Jennifer L. R.] Texas State Univ, Texas Ctr Geog Informat Sci, Dept Geog, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Humes, Karen S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Delmelle, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Delmelle, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Appl Geog Informat Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Jensen, JLR (reprint author), Texas State Univ, Texas Ctr Geog Informat Sci, Dept Geog, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. EM jjensen@txstate.edu; khumes@uidaho.edu; ahudak@fs.fed.us; leev@uidaho.edu; Eric.Delmelle@uncc.edu RI Jensen, Jennifer/E-8158-2013; Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010 OI Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983 FU NSF [EPS-447689]; NASA Idaho Space Grant Consortium [NGG-05GG29H]; NASA EPSCoR [NCC5-588]; University of Idaho College of Graduate Studies FX This research was supported by the NSF Idaho EPSCoR program grant EPS-447689, NASA Idaho Space Grant Consortium grant NGG-05GG29H, NASA EPSCoR grant NCC5-588, and a doctoral fellowship from the University of Idaho College of Graduate Studies. We would like to thank the Potlatch Corporation for allowing this research to be conducted on their lands, through association with the Sustainable Forestry component of Agenda 2020, a joint effort of the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research and Development and the American Forest and Paper Association. We also thank Drs. Yuri Knyazikhin and Ranga Myneni for clarification and feedback regarding the MODIS LAI product and this analysis. We thank Jeffrey Evans for lidar data processing, Caleb Jensen and Meghan Lonneker for collecting much of the LAI-2000 field data used in this study, and the 5 anonymous reviewers for their feedback and suggestions in improving this and an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 75 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3625 EP 3639 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.08.023 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300055 ER PT J AU Eitel, JUH Vierling, LA Litvak, ME Long, DS Schulthess, U Ager, AA Krofcheck, DJ Stoscheck, L AF Eitel, Jan U. H. Vierling, Lee A. Litvak, Marcy E. Long, Dan S. Schulthess, Urs Ager, Alan A. Krofcheck, Dan J. Stoscheck, Leo TI Broadband, red-edge information from satellites improves early stress detection in a New Mexico conifer woodland SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Chlorophyll a/b ratio; Forest health; Pinon-juniper woodland; Pinus edulis; Juniperus monosperma; Stress detection ID LEAF OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; PLANT STRESS; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; NITROGEN STATUS; WATER-STRESS; VEGETATION; PHENOLOGY; DYNAMICS; WHEAT AB Multiple plant stresses can affect the health, esthetic condition, and timber harvest value of conifer forests. To monitor spatial and temporal dynamic forest stress conditions, timely, accurate, and cost-effective information is needed that could be provided by remote sensing. Recently, satellite imagery has become available via the RapidEye satellite constellation to provide spectral information in five broad bands, including the red-edge region (690-730 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum. We tested the hypothesis that broadband, red-edge satellite information improves early detection of stress (as manifest by shifts in foliar chlorophyll a + b) in a woodland ecosystem relative to other more commonly utilized band combinations of red, green, blue, and near infrared band reflectance spectra. We analyzed a temporally dense time series of 22 RapidEye scenes of a pinon-juniper woodland in central New Mexico acquired before and after stress was induced by girdling. We found that the Normalized Difference Red-Edge index (NDRE) allowed stress to be detected 13 days after girdling between and 16 days earlier than broadband spectral indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Green NDVI traditionally used for satellite based forest health monitoring. We conclude that red-edge information has the potential to considerably improve forest stress monitoring from satellites and warrants further investigation in other forested ecosystems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Eitel, Jan U. H.; Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Eitel, Jan U. H.] Univ Idaho, McCall Outdoor Sci Sch, Mccall, ID 83638 USA. [Litvak, Marcy E.; Krofcheck, Dan J.; Stoscheck, Leo] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Long, Dan S.] Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Schulthess, Urs] RapidEye AG, D-14776 Brandenburg, Germany. [Ager, Alan A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildlands Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. RP Eitel, JUH (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jeitel@vandals.uidaho.edu; leev@uidaho.edu; mlitvak@unm.edu; dan.long@ars.usda.gov; schulthess@rapideye.de; aager@fs.fed.us; krofcheck@gmail.com RI Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010 OI Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983 FU University of Idaho; USDA [10JV11261900065]; Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station [10JV11261900065] FX We greatly appreciate John McCallum for processing and analyzing leaf samples in the laboratory. We also thank RapidEye for making the dense timeseries of imagery available for this study. This work was supported by a cooperative agreement between the University of Idaho and USDA, Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station agreement 10JV11261900065, and by the University of Idaho Harold Heady Professorship. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3640 EP 3646 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.09.002 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300056 ER PT J AU Meigs, GW Kennedy, RE Cohen, WB AF Meigs, Garrett W. Kennedy, Robert E. Cohen, Warren B. TI A Landsat time series approach to characterize bark beetle and defoliator impacts on tree mortality and surface fuels in conifer forests SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bark beetle; Change detection; Defoliator; Fire; Fuel; Insect disturbance; Landsat time series; Mountain pine beetle; Pacific Northwest; Spectral trajectory; Western spruce budworm ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; ANCILLARY DATA SOURCES; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LODGEPOLE PINE; SPRUCE BUDWORM; DETECTING TRENDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FIRE BEHAVIOR; INFESTATION; DISTURBANCE AB Insects are important forest disturbance agents, and mapping their effects on tree mortality and surface fuels represents a critical research challenge. Although various remote sensing approaches have been developed to monitor insect impacts, most studies have focused on single insect agents or single locations and have not related observed changes to ground-based measurements. This study presents a remote sensing framework to (1) characterize spectral trajectories associated with insect activity of varying duration and severity and (2) relate those trajectories to ground-based measurements of tree mortality and surface fuels in the Cascade Range, Oregon, USA. We leverage a Landsat time series change detection algorithm (LandTrendr), annual forest health aerial detection surveys (ADS), and field measurements to investigate two study landscapes broadly applicable to conifer forests and dominant insect agents of western North America. We distributed 38 plots across multiple forest types (ranging from mesic mixed-conifer to xeric lodgepole pine) and insect agents (defoliator [western spruce budworm] and bark beetle [mountain pine beetle]). Insect effects were evident in the Landsat time series as combinations of both short- and long-duration changes in the Normalized Burn Ratio spectral index. Western spruce budworm trajectories appeared to show a consistent temporal evolution of long-duration spectral decline (loss of vegetation) followed by recovery, whereas mountain pine beetle plots exhibited both short- and long-duration spectral declines and variable recovery rates. Although temporally variable, insect-affected stands generally conformed to four spectral trajectories: short-duration decline then recovery, short- then long-duration decline, long-duration decline, long-duration decline then recovery. When comparing remote sensing data with field measurements of insect impacts, we found that spectral changes were related to cover-based estimates (tree basal area mortality R(adj)(2);= 0.40, F(1.34) = 24.76, P<0.0001] and down coarse woody detritus [R(adj)(2) = 0.29, F(1.32) = 14.72. P = 0.0006]). In contrast, ADS changes were related to count-based estimates (e.g., ADS mortality from mountain pine beetle positively correlated with ground-based counts [R(adj)(2) = 037, F(1.22) = 14.71, P= 0.0009]). Fine woody detritus and forest floor depth were not well correlated with Landsat- or aerial survey-based change metrics. By characterizing several distinct temporal manifestations of insect activity in conifer forests, this study demonstrates the utility of insect mapping methods that capture a wide range of spectral trajectories. This study also confirms the key role that satellite imagery can play in understanding the interactions among insects, fuels, and wildfire. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meigs, Garrett W.; Kennedy, Robert E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cohen, Warren B.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Meigs, GW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM garrett.meigs@oregonstate.edu RI Lundquist, John/B-6433-2012 FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) Evaluation Monitoring [WC-F-09-2] FX This research was supported by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) Evaluation Monitoring, grant no. WC-F-09-2. We thank D. White and F. Gutierrez for field assistance, Z. Yang for LandTrendr analysis and mapping, M. Huso for statistical assistance, and the Deschutes and Mt. Hood National Forests for access to field sites. We are grateful for discussions with H. Maffei, M. Simpson, K. Sprengel, E. Willhite, and other colleagues in the Region 6 FHM program. We acknowledge the insightful comments of three anonymous reviewers. The development and testing of the LandTrendr algorithms reported in this paper were made possible with support of the USDA Forest Service Northwest Forest Plan Effectiveness Monitoring Program, the North American Carbon Program through grants from NASA's Terrestrial Ecology, Carbon Cycle Science, and Applied Sciences Programs, the NASA New Investigator Program, the Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy, and the following Inventory and Monitoring networks of the National Park Service: Southwest Alaska, Sierra Nevada, Northern Colorado Plateau, and Southern Colorado Plateau. NR 47 TC 72 Z9 77 U1 9 U2 89 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 3707 EP 3718 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.09.009 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 865LB UT WOS:000298311300062 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Jang, SI Baldwin, C Tompkins, D Wagner, B Parcells, M Del Cacho, E Hong, YH Min, W Lillehoj, EP AF Lee, Sung Hyen Lillehoj, Hyun S. Jang, Seung I. Baldwin, Cynthia Tompkins, Dannielle Wagner, Bettina Parcells, Mark Del Cacho, Emilio Hong, Yeong Ho Min, Wongi Lillehoj, Erik P. TI Development and characterization of mouse monoclonal antibodies reactive with chicken interleukin-2 receptor alpha lpha chain (CD25) SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chicken; CD25; Monoclonal antibody; Hybridoma ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; RECEPTOR COMPLEX; EXPRESSION; LYMPHOCYTES; CELLS; MACROPHAGES; CYTOKINES; PROTEINS; CULTURE; TARGET AB This study was carried out to develop and characterize mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against chicken CD25 (chCD25), the alpha chain of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor. A recombinant chimeric chCD25/IgG4 fusion protein was expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and isolated from spent cell culture medium by protein G affinity chromatography. Purified chCD25 protein was used to immunize mice, from which 54 stable hybridomas secreting chCD25 mAbs were produced. Two mAbs, chCD25-32 and chCD25-54, with high binding affinity for chCD25-expressing CHO cells were selected for further characterization. By flow cytometry, both mAbs detected cells in the spleen, bursa of Fabricius, intestinal duodenum, and immunostained established chicken T cell, B cell, and macrophage cell lines. Both mAbs reacted with a 55 kDa protein on Western blots of lysates from concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated spleen mononuclear cells. Intraperitoneal injection of chickens with bacterial lipopolysaccharide increased the percentage of chCD25(+) spleen cells by approximately 4-fold compared with untreated animals. In vitro stimulation of spleen cells with Con A increased the percentage of chCD25(+) cells by up to 50-fold compared with cells treated with medium alone. Finally, the chCD25-32 mAb suppressed IL-2-driven spleen cell proliferation and reduced IL-2-induced nitric oxide production. These mAbs may be useful for future investigation of chicken regulatory T cells. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lee, Sung Hyen] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Baldwin, Cynthia; Tompkins, Dannielle] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Wagner, Bettina] Cornell Univ, Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Parcells, Mark] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [Del Cacho, Emilio] Univ Zaragoza, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anim Pathol, Zaragoza 500015, Spain. [Hong, Yeong Ho] Chung Ang Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Anseong 456756, South Korea. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Life Sci Res Inst, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst,BARC E, Bldg 1043, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative of the USDA; U.S. Veterinary Immune Reagent Network (NIFA) [2010-65121-20649]; USDA-CSREES [2005-01812]; Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program [PJ008084]; Rural Development Administration; WCU through the National Research Foundation of Korea [R33-10013]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of Korea FX This project was supported, in part, by the National Research Initiative of the USDA, U.S. Veterinary Immune Reagent Network Grant (NIFA #2010-65121-20649, USDA-CSREES #2005-01812), the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (No. PJ008084), Rural Development Administration, and the WCU Program (R33-10013) through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of Korea. The authors thank Marjorie Nichols and Stacy Torreyson for their contribution to this research. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 144 IS 3-4 BP 396 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.08.001 PG 9 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 862XA UT WOS:000298126200024 PM 21872344 ER PT J AU Maksimov, P Buschtons, S Herrmann, DC Conraths, FJ Gorlich, K Tenter, AM Dubey, JP Nagel-Kohl, U Thoms, B Botcher, L Kuhne, M Schares, G AF Maksimov, P. Buschtoens, S. Herrmann, D. C. Conraths, F. J. Goerlich, K. Tenter, A. M. Dubey, J. P. Nagel-Kohl, U. Thoms, B. Boetcher, L. Kuehne, M. Schares, G. TI Serological survey and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii in domestic ducks and geese in Lower Saxony, Germany SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; TgSAG1; Ducks; Geese; Anseriformes; ELISA; IFAT; Risk factor ID HAMMONDIA-HAMMONDI; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; LUBLIN REGION; INFECTION; ANTIBODIES; CHICKENS; SAG1; DIFFERENTIATION AB To obtain estimates for the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in ducks and geese in Germany, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were established based on affinity-purified T. gondii tachyzoite surface antigen 1 (TgSAG1) and used to examine duck and goose sera for T. gondii-specific antibodies. The results of 186 sera from 60 non-infected ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and 101 sera from 36 non-infected geese (Anser anser) as well as 72 sera from 11 ducks and 89 sera from 12 geese inoculated experimentally with T. gondii tachyzoites (intravenously) or oocysts (orally) and positive in a T. gondii immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) were used to select a cut-off value for the TgSAG1-ELISA. Sera obtained by serial bleeding of experimentally inoculated ducks and geese were tested to analyze the time course of anti-TgSAG1 antibodies after inoculation and to assess the sensitivity of the assays in comparison with IFAT. In ducks, IFAT titres and ELISA indices peaked 2 and 5 weeks p.i with tachyzoites, respectively. Only three of six geese inoculated with tachyzoites at the same time as the ducks elicited a low and non-permanent antibody response as detected by the IFAT. In the TgSAG1-ELISA, only a slight increase of the ELISA indices was observed in four of six tachyzoite-inoculated geese. By contrast, inoculation of ducks and geese with oocysts led to an increase in anti-TgSAG1 antibodies within 1 or 2 weeks, which were still detectable at the end of the observation period, i.e. 11 weeks p.i. Inoculation of three ducks and three geese with oocysts of Hammondia hammondi, a protozoon closely related to T. gondii, resulted in a transient seroconversion in ducks and geese as measured by IFAT or TgSAG1-ELISA. Using the newly established TgSAG1-ELISA, sera from naturally exposed ducks and geese sampled in the course of a monitoring program for avian influenza were examined for antibodies to T. gondii; 145/2534(5.7%) of the ducks and 94/373 (25.2%) of the geese had antibodies against TgSAG1. Seropositive animals were detected on 20 of 61 duck and in 11 of 13 goose farms; the seroprevalences within positive submissions of single farms ranged from 2.2% to 78.6%. Farms keeping ducks or geese exclusively indoors had a significantly lower risk (odds ratio 0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.01-0.3) of harboring serologically positive animals as compared with farms where the animals had access to an enclosure outside the barn. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Maksimov, P.; Buschtoens, S.; Herrmann, D. C.; Conraths, F. J.; Schares, G.] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, D-16866 Wusterhausen, Germany. [Buschtoens, S.; Goerlich, K.; Tenter, A. M.] Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Parasitol, D-30559 Hannover, Germany. [Buschtoens, S.; Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nagel-Kohl, U.; Thoms, B.; Kuehne, M.] Vet Inst Hannover, Lower Saxony State Off Consumer Protect & Food Sa, D-30173 Hannover, Germany. [Boetcher, L.; Kuehne, M.] Vet Inst Oldenburg, Lower Saxony State Off Consumer Protect & Food Sa, D-26121 Oldenburg, Germany. RP Schares, G (reprint author), Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, Seestr 55, D-16866 Wusterhausen, Germany. EM gereon.schares@fli.bund.de OI Schares, Gereon/0000-0002-3217-289X; Conraths, Franz/0000-0002-7400-9409 FU Federal Ministry for Education and Research [01 Kl 0765, 01 KI 0763] FX We thank the Federal Ministry for Education and Research for financial support (Grant 01 Kl 0765, ToxoNet 01 to G. Schares and Grant 01 KI 0763, ToxoNet 01 to A.M. Tenter). We thank Carsten Luder, Gottingen, Germany for providing the parasite strains. We gratefully acknowledge Andrea Barwald, Aline Maksimov, Lieselotte Minke, Ulrike Klehm, Christoph Peter, Martina Steffen and Sabrina Ramunke for their excellent technical assistance. We thank Petra Fechner and Gabriele Fenske for taking care for the animals. NR 43 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 182 IS 2-4 BP 140 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.049 PG 10 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 854WG UT WOS:000297524900004 PM 21719198 ER PT J AU Jang, SI Lillehoj, HS Lee, SH Lee, KW Lillehoj, EP Bertrand, F Dupuis, L Deville, S AF Jang, Seung I. Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lee, Sung Hyen Lee, Kyung Woo Lillehoj, Erik P. Bertrand, Francois Dupuis, Laurent Deville, Sebastien TI Montanide (TM) IMS 1313 N VG PR nanoparticle adjuvant enhances antigen-specific immune responses to profilin following mucosal vaccination against Eimeria acervulina SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian coccidiosis; Mucosal vaccine; Adjuvant; Protective immunity; Chickens ID PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; INTERFERON-GAMMA; SUBUNIT VACCINE; COCCIDIOSIS; CHICKENS; MAXIMA; IMMUNIZATION; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; TENELLA AB This study investigated protection against Eimeria acervulina (E. acervulina) following vaccination of chickens with an Eimeria recombinant profilin in conjunction with different adjuvants, or by changing the route of administration of the adjuvants. Day-old broilers were immunized twice with profilin emulsified in Montanide (TM) IMS 1313 N VG PR adjuvant (oral, nasal, or ocular routes), Montanide (TM) ISA 71 VG adjuvant (subcutaneous route), or Freund's adjuvant (subcutaneous route) and orally challenged with virulent E. acervulina parasites. Birds orally immunized with profilin plus IMS 1313 N VG PR, or subcutaneously immunized with profilin plus ISA 71 VG, had increased body weight gains compared with animals nasally or ocularly immunized with profilin plus IMS 1313 N VG PR, or subcutaneously immunized with profilin plus Freund's adjuvant. All adjuvant formulations, except for IMS 1313 N VG PR given by the nasal or ocular routes, decreased fecal parasite excretion and/or reduced intestinal lesions, compared with non-vaccinated and infected controls. Compared with animals vaccinated with profilin plus Freund's adjuvant, chickens immunized with profilin plus IMS 1313 N VG PR or ISA 71 VG showed higher post-infection intestinal levels of profilin-reactive IgY and secretary IgA antibodies. Finally, immunization with profilin in combination with ISA 71 VG was consistently better than profilin plus IMS 1313 N VG PR or Freund's adjuvant for increasing the percentages of CD4(+), CD8(+), BU1(+), TCR1(+), and TCR2(+) intestinal lymphocytes. These results indicate that experimental immunization of chickens with the recombinant profilin subunit vaccine in conjunction with IMS 1313 or ISA 71 VG adjuvants increases protective mucosal immunity against E. acervulina infection. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jang, Seung I.; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung Hyen; Lee, Kyung Woo] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Bertrand, Francois; Dupuis, Laurent; Deville, Sebastien] SEPPIC, F-92800 Puteaux La Defense, France. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Bldg 1043,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov FU ARS; USDA; SEPPIC (Puteaux, France); World Class University of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea [R33-10013] FX This project was partially supported by a Trust agreement established between ARS, USDA and SEPPIC (Puteaux, France) and the World Class University Program (R33-10013) of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of South Korea. The authors thank Ms. Margie Nichols and Ms. Stacy Torreyson for their expert technical assistance. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 182 IS 2-4 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.019 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 854WG UT WOS:000297524900006 PM 21700391 ER PT J AU Katiki, LM Ferreira, JFS Zajac, AM Masler, C Lindsay, DS Chagas, ACS Amarante, AFT AF Katiki, Luciana M. Ferreira, Jorge F. S. Zajac, Anne M. Masler, Carol Lindsay, David S. Chagas, Ana Carolina S. Amarante, Alessandro F. T. TI Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to screen plant extracts and compounds as natural anthelmintics for veterinary use SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE C. elegans; Anthelmintic plants; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Plant extracts ID HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; IN-VITRO; RESISTANCE; NEMATODES AB The most challenging obstacles to testing products for their anthelmintic activity are: (1) establishing a suitable nematode in vitro assay that can evaluate potential product use against a parasitic nematode of interest and (2) preparation of extracts that can be redissolved in solvents that are miscible in the test medium and are at concentrations well tolerated by the nematode system used for screening. The use of parasitic nematodes as a screening system is hindered by the difficulty of keeping them alive for long periods outside their host and by the need to keep infected animals as sources of eggs or adults when needed. This method uses the free-living soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a system to screen products for their potential anthelmintic effect against small ruminant gastrointestinal nematodes, including Haemonchus contortus. This modified method uses only liquid axenic medium, instead of agar plates inoculated with Escherichia coli, and two selective sieves to obtain adult nematodes. During screening, the use of either balanced salt solution (M-9) or distilled water resulted in averages of 99.7 (+/- 0.73)% and 9636 (+/- 2.37)% motile adults, respectively. Adult worms tolerated DMSO, ethanol, methanol, and Tween 80 at 1% and 2%, while Labrasol (R) (a bioenhancer with low toxicity to mammals) and Tween 20 were toxic to C. elegans at 1% and were avoided as solvents. The high availability, ease of culture, and rapid proliferation of C elegans make it a useful screening system to test plant extracts and other phytochemical compounds to investigate their potential anthelmintic activity against parasitic nematodes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ferreira, Jorge F. S.] ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, USDA, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Katiki, Luciana M.] APTA, Inst Zootecnia SAA, BR-13460000 Nova Odessa, SP, Brazil. [Zajac, Anne M.; Lindsay, David S.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Masler, Carol] ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chagas, Ana Carolina S.] Embrapa Pecuaria Sudeste, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Amarante, Alessandro F. T.] UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Parasitol IB, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. RP Ferreira, JFS (reprint author), ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, USDA, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. EM Jorge.Ferreira@ars.usda.gov RI Chagas, Ana/B-9808-2012; Amarante, Alessandro/C-8773-2012; Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016; Chagas, A. C. S./H-7751-2013; OI Amarante, Alessandro/0000-0003-3995-5501; Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321; Chagas, A. C. S./0000-0003-3939-0088; Ferreira, Jorge F.S./0000-0003-4550-6761 FU CAPES-Brazil; Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center (USDA-ARS); Virginia Polytechnic Institute; State University (Virginia Tech); USDA-ARS Nematology Lab FX The authors are grateful for the financial support from CAPES-Brazil and for the partial support provided by a specific cooperative agreement between the Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center (USDA-ARS) and the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech). We greatly appreciate the support of Dr. David Chitwood (USDA-ARS Nematology Lab) and his technical and scientific staff at the onset of this work. We are also grateful for the encouragement from Dr. David Belesky and the efforts of Mr. Marc Peele (AFSRC, USDA-ARS) with C. elegans cultures. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 182 IS 2-4 BP 264 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.020 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 854WG UT WOS:000297524900017 PM 21680095 ER PT J AU Martins, J Kwok, OCH Dubey, JP AF Martins, J. Kwok, O. C. H. Dubey, J. P. TI Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) from the Americas SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neospora caninum; Chickens; Gallus domesticus; Americas; Seroprevalence ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; GENETIC-CHARACTERISTICS; DEFINITIVE HOSTS; SOUTH-AMERICA; UNEXPECTED FINDINGS; BRAZIL; INFECTION; ARGENTINA AB Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are biologically and morphologically similar coccidians with canids as definitive hosts for N. caninum and felids for T. gondii. Feral chickens have been used as indicators of soil contamination with T. gondii oocysts because they feed from ground. In the present study we studied seroprevalence of N. caninum in free range chickens from different countries in America as art indicator of soil contamination due to N. caninum oocysts. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in sera of 524 (39.5%) of 1324 chickens using indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT, titer 1:25 or higher). Seropositive chickens from different countries were: 18.5% of 97 from Mexico, 7.2% of 97 from USA, 39.5% of 144 from Costa Rica, 71.5% of 102 from Grenada, 44% of 50 from Guatemala, 83.6% of 98 from Nicaragua, 58.1% of 55 from Argentina, 34.3% of 358 from Brazil, 62.3% of 85 from Chile, 11.2% of 62 from Colombia, 38.7% of 80 from Guyana, 18% of 50 from Peru and 21.7% of 46 from Venezuela. The results indicate widespread exposure of chickens to N. caninum. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Martins, J.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 182 IS 2-4 BP 349 EP 351 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.023 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 854WG UT WOS:000297524900028 PM 21676546 ER PT J AU Kich, JD Coldebella, A Mores, N Nogueira, MG Cardoso, M Fratamico, PM Call, JE Fedorka-Cray, P Luchansky, JB AF Kich, Jalusa D. Coldebella, Arlei Mores, Nelson Nogueira, Mariana Gomes Cardoso, Marisa Fratamico, Pina M. Call, Jeffrey E. Fedorka-Cray, Paula Luchansky, John B. TI Prevalence, distribution, and molecular characterization of Salmonella recovered from swine finishing herds and a slaughter facility in Santa Catarina, Brazil SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Swine; PFGE; Resistance; Epidemiology ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; GRANDE-DO-SUL; SOUTHERN BRAZIL; RISK-FACTORS; CONTAMINATION SOURCES; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; PIG FARMS; ENTERICA; IDENTIFICATION; TYPHIMURIUM AB Swine can carry Salmonella strains that may be transmitted to humans by pork products. This investigation determined the distribution and types of Salmonella in 12 swine finishing herds and a slaughter facility in Santa Catarina, Brazil. A total of 1258 samples, consisting of environmental, feed, carcass, lymph node, and fecal material were collected and submitted to bacteriological isolation of Salmonella. From 487 positive samples, 1255 isolates were recovered and confirmed to be Salmonella. The distribution of positive samples was as follows: finishing pen floors 26% (16/61); feed 29% (42/143); feces 44% (52/119); pooled feces 59% (35/59); slaughter holding pens 90% (36/40); lymph nodes 46% (220/478); pre-chilled carcass surfaces 24% (24/98); and post-chilled carcass surfaces 24% (62/260). The most prevalent serovars were Typhimurium, Panama, Senftenberg, Derby, and Mbandaka. By pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 1071 isolates were subtyped using Xbal, and duplicate isolates were removed. From the remaining 747 isolates, 163 macrorestriction profiles (pulsotypes) were identified. Six pulsotypes were considered very frequent, occurring in 33 isolates or more. The multiple correspondence analyses showed correlations between pulsotypes from shedding pigs (feces), herd environment (pen floors), and subiliac and prescapular lymph nodes and between lairage and carcass surface samples before and after chilling. All sources of Salmonella investigated contributed to the carrier state; however, pre-slaughter contamination at lairage was the variable most strongly associated with carcass contamination. A total of 59 different antimicrobial resistance profiles were observed in 572 Salmonella isolates. From these isolates, 17% (97/572) were susceptible to all 15 antibiotics tested, 83% (475/572) were resistant to at least one, and 43% (246/572) were resistant to four or more antibiotics (multi-resistant). The AmpGenKanTet profile was the most prevalent in carcass isolates and was associated with farm origin. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kich, Jalusa D.; Coldebella, Arlei; Mores, Nelson] Embrapa Suinos & Aves, BR-89700000 Concordia, SC, Brazil. [Nogueira, Mariana Gomes; Cardoso, Marisa] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Fac Vet, BR-90540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Fratamico, Pina M.; Call, Jeffrey E.; Luchansky, John B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Fedorka-Cray, Paula] ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. RP Kich, JD (reprint author), Embrapa Suinos & Aves, Caixa Postal 21, BR-89700000 Concordia, SC, Brazil. EM jalusa@cnpsa.embrapa.br RI Cardoso, Marisa/J-2961-2013; Coldebella, Arlei/A-4488-2013 OI Coldebella, Arlei/0000-0003-1979-6021 FU Embrapa; ARS, Eastern Regional Research Center FX We thank Jovita Haro at the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Richard B. Russell Research Center, for performing the antimicrobial resistance tests. We are also grateful to Embrapa and the ARS, Eastern Regional Research Center for funding this study. NR 52 TC 27 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 151 IS 3 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.09.024 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 860RB UT WOS:000297964300007 PM 22024043 ER PT J AU Zhu, PX Shelton, DR Li, SH Adams, DL Karns, JS Amstutz, P Tang, CM AF Zhu, Peixuan Shelton, Daniel R. Li, Shuhong Adams, Daniel L. Karns, Jeffrey S. Amstutz, Platte Tang, Cha-Mei TI Detection of E. coli O157:H7 by immunomagnetic separation coupled with fluorescence immunoassay SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Integrating waveguide technology; E. coli O157:H7; IMS; Immunoassay; IMFA; Signalyte (TM)-II ID ENTEROHEMORRHAGIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; REAL-TIME PCR; RAPID DETECTION; GROUND-BEEF; O157-H7; WATER; FOOD; HYBRIDIZATION; INFECTION; FECES AB Conventional culture-based methods for detection of E. coli O157:H7 in foods and water sources are time-consuming, and results can be ambiguous, requiring further confirmation by biochemical testing and PCR. A rapid immunoassay prior to cultivation to identify presumptive positive sample would save considerable time and resources. Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) techniques are routinely used for isolation of E. coli O157:H7 from enriched food and water samples, typically in conjunction with cultural detection followed by biochemical and serological confirmation. In this study, we developed a new method that combines IMS with fluorescence immunoassay, termed immunomagnetic fluorescence assay (IMFA), for the detection of E. coli O157:H7. E. coli O157:H7 cells were first captured by anti-O157 antibody-coated magnetic beads and then recognized by a fluorescent detector antibody, forming an immunosandwich complex. This complex was subsequently dissociated for measurement of fluorescence intensity with Signalyte (TM)-II spectrofluorometer. Experiments were conducted to evaluate both linearity and sensitivity of the assay. Capture efficiencies were greater than 98%, as determined by cultural plating and quantitative real-time PCR, when cell concentrations were <10(5) cells/mL. Capture efficiency decreased at higher cell concentrations, due to the limitation of bead binding capacity. At lower cell concentrations (10-10(4) cells/mL), the fluorescence intensity of dissociated Cy5 solution was highly correlated with E. coli 157:H7 cell concentrations. The detection limit was 10 CFU per mL of water. The assay can be completed in less than 3 h since enrichment is not required, as compared to existing techniques that typically require a 24 h incubation for pre-enrichment, followed by confirmatory tests. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhu, Peixuan; Li, Shuhong; Adams, Daniel L.; Amstutz, Platte; Tang, Cha-Mei] Creatv Micro Tech Inc, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. [Shelton, Daniel R.; Karns, Jeffrey S.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zhu, PX (reprint author), Creatv Micro Tech Inc, 11609 Lake Potomac Dr, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. EM pzhu@creatvmicrotech.com OI Adams, Daniel/0000-0002-1916-9637 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [2007-02430]; National Institutes of Health [R43 AI052684] FX This work is supported by SBIR grant 2007-02430 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a grant R43 AI052684 from the National Institutes of Health. NR 28 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 30 IS 1 BP 337 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2011.09.029 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 856BC UT WOS:000297610200055 PM 22005594 ER PT J AU Holden, ZA Jolly, WM AF Holden, Zachary A. Jolly, W. Matt TI Modeling; topographic influences on fuel moisture and fire danger in complex terrain to improve wildland fire management decision support SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Wildfire danger; Climate; Weather; Topoclimate; Snowmelt; Microclimate ID SEVERITY; USA; FORESTS AB Fire danger rating systems commonly ignore fine scale, topographically-induced weather variations. These variations will likely create heterogeneous, landscape-scale fire danger conditions that have never been examined in detail. We modeled the evolution of fuel moistures and the Energy Release Component (ERC) from the US National Fire Danger Rating System across the 2009 fire season using very high resolution (30 m) surface air temperature, humidity and snow ablation date models developed from a network of inexpensive weather sensors. Snow ablation date occurred as much as 28 days later on North-facing slopes than on South-facing slopes at upper elevations. South-facing slopes were hotter and drier than North-facing slopes but slope position, in addition to aspect, was also important because nocturnal air temperatures were coolest and humidity was highest in valley bottoms. These factors created heterogeneous fuel moistures and fire danger across the study area. In the late season (August and September), nocturnal cold air drainage and high relative humidity fostered fuel moisture recovery in valley bottoms, where fuel moistures and ERC values were 30% and 45% higher and lower, respectively at peak fire danger (September 29th). Dry fuel moistures and relatively high ERC values persisted on low elevation, South-facing slopes. The driest conditions were observed 100-200 m above the valley floor where mid-slope thermal belts frequently developed above areas of cold air pooling. We suggest that a complete understanding of these variations may help improve fire management decision making. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Holden, Zachary A.] US Forest Serv, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Jolly, W. Matt] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Holden, ZA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 200 E Broadway, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM zaholden@fs.fed.us FU USFS Region 1 fire management; NASA FX This work was funded and supported by Patti Koppenol and Bill Avey in USFS Region 1 fire management. This study was inspired in part by George Weldon and Colin Hardy. The Missoula smokejumpers contributed to data collection that made this study possible. This work was completed in part by a NASA IDS grant to Jolly. Sam Cushman provided partial funding for sensors used in this study. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 12 BP 2133 EP 2141 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.002 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 858DG UT WOS:000297775500004 ER PT J AU Schaberg, PG D'Amore, DV Hennon, PE Holman, JM Hawley, GJ AF Schaberg, Paul G. D'Amore, David V. Hennon, Paul E. Holman, Joshua M. Hawley, Gary J. TI Do limited cold tolerance and shallow depth of roots contribute to yellow-cedar decline? SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Yellow-cedar; Western redcedar; Western and mountain hemlock; Sitka spruce; Root freezing injury ID WESTERN REDCEDAR; MEMBRANE INTEGRITY; FREEZING TOLERANCE; SOIL CHEMISTRY; TEMPERATURE; SPRUCE; HARDINESS; RESISTANCE; HEMLOCK; GROWTH AB It has been proposed that yellow-cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis) decline is initiated by the freezing injury of roots when soils freeze during times of limited snowpack. To explain the unique susceptibility of yellow-cedar in contrast to co-occurring species, yellow-cedar roots would need to be less cold tolerant and/or more concentrated in upper soil horizons that are prone to freezing. We measured the root cold tolerance and used concentrations of foliar cations as an assay of rooting depth for five species in one forest in Ketchikan, Alaska. Species evaluated were yellow-cedar, western redcedar (Thuja plicata), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana), and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis). Roots were collected in November 2007 and January, March and May 2008; foliage was collected in January 2008. Soil samples from surface and subsurface horizons were analyzed for available calcium (Ca) and aluminum (Al) to compare with foliar cation concentrations. Across all dates the sequence in hardiness from the least to most cold tolerant species was (1) yellow-cedar, (2) western redcedar, (3) western and mountain hemlock, and (4) Sitka spruce. Yellow-cedar and redcedar roots were less cold tolerant than roots of other species on all sample dates, and yellow-cedar roots were less cold tolerant than redcedar roots in January. Yellow-cedar roots were fully dehardened in March, whereas the roots of other species continued to deharden into May. Yellow-cedar roots exhibited the highest electrolyte leakage throughout the year, a pattern that suggests the species was continuously poised for physiological activity given suitable environmental conditions. Yellow-cedar and redcedar had higher foliar Ca and lower Al concentrations, and greater Ca:Al ratios than the other species. Yellow-cedar had higher foliar Ca and Ca:Al than redcedar. Soil measurements confirmed that the upper horizon contained more extractable Ca, less Al and higher Ca:Al than the lower horizon. Considering the distribution of Ca and Al in soils, we propose that concentrations of Ca and Al in yellow-cedar and redcedar foliage reflect a greater proportional rooting of these species in upper soil horizons compared to other species tested. Greater Ca and Ca:Al in the foliage of yellow-cedar suggests shallower rooting compared to redcedar, but broad similarities in foliar cation profiles for these species also highlight some overlap in rooting niche. Our data indicate that both limited root cold tolerance and shallow rooting likely contribute to the unique sensitivity of yellow-cedar to freezing injury and decline relative to sympatric conifers. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [D'Amore, David V.; Hennon, Paul E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Holman, Joshua M.; Hawley, Gary J.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Schaberg, PG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM pschaberg@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX We thank Jacob Berkowitz and Courtney Danley for assistance in the field, Paula Murakami, Chris Hansen, Homer Elliott, and Tom Saielli for help with cold tolerance experiments, and Paul Herendeen for supplying summaries of soil chemistry values. We also thank Drs. Barbara Hawkins, Roger Ruess, Joseph Antos and Kevin Smith for their helpful suggestions regarding earlier drafts of this manuscript. Funding sources included the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest and Northern Research Stations. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 12 BP 2142 EP 2150 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.004 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 858DG UT WOS:000297775500005 ER PT J AU Devine, WD Harrington, TB Terry, TA Harrison, RB Slesak, RA Peter, DH Harrington, CA Shilling, CJ Schoenholtz, SH AF Devine, Warren D. Harrington, Timothy B. Terry, Thomas A. Harrison, Robert B. Slesak, Robert A. Peter, David H. Harrington, Constance A. Shilling, Carol J. Schoenholtz, Stephen H. TI Five-year vegetation control effects on aboveground biomass and nitrogen content and allocation in Douglas-fir plantations on three contrasting sites SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Douglas-fir; Competition; Biomass; Nitrogen; Carbon; Plantation ID LOGGING-DEBRIS RETENTION; WEED-CONTROL TREATMENTS; PINUS-TAEDA L; COMPETING-VEGETATION; LOBLOLLY-PINE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; WESTERN WASHINGTON; 10-YEAR RESPONSES; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST AB Despite widespread use of intensive vegetation control (VC) in forest management, the effects of VC on allocation of biomass and nutrients between young trees and competing vegetation are not well understood. On three Pacific Northwest sites differing in productivity, soil parent material, and understory vegetation community, we evaluated year-5 effects of presence/absence of 5 years of VC on allocation of aboveground biomass and nitrogen (N) between planted Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) and competing vegetation. Equations for predicting bole, branch, foliar, and total dry weights based on stem diameter at a height of 15 cm and total tree height did not differ significantly among sites or by presence or absence of VC. This contrasts with previous research, using diameter at breast height rather than at 15 cm, which found that separate equations were warranted for trees with and without competing vegetation. Estimated whole-tree biomass among the six site/VC combinations ranged from 0.8 to 7.5 Mg ha(-1), and increases in tree biomass associated with VC ranged from 62% to 173% among sites. Among the three sites, there were positive, linear relationships between soil total N content to a depth of 60 cm and both N content of aboveground vegetation (trees plus competing vegetation) and Douglas-fir foliar N concentration. Tree N content increased by 8.4, 8.2, and 40.0 kg N ha(-1) with VC at the three sites, whereas competing vegetation N content decreased with VC by 0.9, 18.8, and 32.0 kg N ha(-1) respectively, at the same sites. Thus, VC did not lead to a direct compensatory tradeoff between aboveground N content of trees and other vegetation. However, soil N content was linearly related to N accumulation and plant growth across the three sites. In addition to differences in N availability among sites, the effect of VC on the redistribution of resources among trees and competing vegetation also was influenced by vegetation community composition and efficacy of VC treatments. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Devine, Warren D.; Harrison, Robert B.] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Harrington, Timothy B.; Peter, David H.; Harrington, Constance A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Terry, Thomas A.] Weyerhaeuser Co, Western Forestry Res, Centralia, WA 98513 USA. [Slesak, Robert A.] Minnesota Forest Resources Council, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Shilling, Carol J.] Glen Burnie High Sch, Glen Burnie, MD 21060 USA. [Schoenholtz, Stephen H.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Devine, WD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM wdevine27@yahoo.com; tharrington@fs.fed.us; taterry45@comcast.net; robh@uw.edu; raslesak@umn.edu; dpeter@fs.fed.us; charrington@fs.fed.us; CSHILLING@AACPS.org; stephen.schoenholtz@vt.edu RI Harrington, Constance/G-6161-2012 FU National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc.; Pacific Northwest Stand Management Cooperative; Weyerhaeuser Company; Green Diamond Resource Company; Port Blakely Tree Farms LLC; Oregon State University College of Forestry; University of Washington School of Forest Resources FX This study is a product of the Sustainable Forestry Component of Agenda 2020, a joint effort of the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Research and Development Program and the American Forest and Paper Association. The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc. and the Pacific Northwest Stand Management Cooperative. Study sites and support for experimental treatments were provided by Weyerhaeuser Company, Green Diamond Resource Company, and Port Blakely Tree Farms LLC; the authors are particularly grateful to Rodney Meade, Randall Greggs and Jeff Madsen. We are grateful for support from the Oregon State University College of Forestry and the University of Washington School of Forest Resources. We are grateful for study installation and data collection assistance from many employees of these institutions, and of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, particularly James Dollins, Barry Flaming, Paul Footen, Irae Guerrini, Diana Livada, Kyle Peterson, Brian Strahm, and David Stephens. NR 74 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 12 BP 2187 EP 2198 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.010 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 858DG UT WOS:000297775500009 ER PT J AU Geroy, IJ Gribb, MM Marshall, HP Chandler, DG Benner, SG McNamara, JP AF Geroy, I. J. Gribb, M. M. Marshall, H. P. Chandler, D. G. Benner, S. G. McNamara, J. P. TI Aspect influences on soil water retention and storage SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE storage; soil moisture; aspect; watershed; semi-arid; water retention ID HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; HILLSLOPE TRANSECT; MOISTURE; CATCHMENT; TERRAIN; VARIABILITY; ATTRIBUTES; OUTFLOW; STATES AB Many catchment hydrologic and ecologic processes are impacted by the storage capacity of soil water, which is dictated by the profile thickness and water retention properties of soil. Soil water retention properties are primarily controlled by soil texture, which in turn varies spatially in response to microclimate-induced differences in insolation, wetness and temperature. All of these variables can be strongly differentiated by slope aspect. In this study, we compare quantitative measures of soil water retention capacity for two opposing slopes in a semi-arid catchment in southwest Idaho, USA. Undisturbed soil cores from north and south aspects were subjected to a progressive drainage experiment to estimate the soil water retention curve for each sample location. The relatively large sample size (35) supported statistical analysis of slope scale differences in soil water retention between opposing aspects. Soils on the north aspect retain as much as 25% more water at any given soil water pressure than samples from the south aspect slope. Soil porosity, soil organic matter and silt content were all greater on the north aspect, and each contributed to greater soil water retention. These results, along with the observation that soils on north aspect slopes tend to be deeper, indicate that north aspect slopes can store more water from the wet winter months into the dry summer in this region, an observation with potential implications on ecological function and landscape evolution. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Geroy, I. J.] US Forest Serv, Durango, CO 81301 USA. [Marshall, H. P.; Benner, S. G.; McNamara, J. P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Gribb, M. M.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. RP McNamara, JP (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM jmcnamar@boisestate.edu RI Benner, Shawn/A-2557-2012; Marshall, Hans-Peter/A-2374-2010; McNamara, James/F-1993-2011; Chandler, David/E-4543-2013 OI Benner, Shawn/0000-0003-4024-5777; Marshall, Hans-Peter/0000-0002-4852-5637; Chandler, David/0000-0002-8662-2892 FU NSF [CBET-0854522]; NOAA [NA08NWS4620047]; U.S. Army RDECOM ARL Army Research Office [W911NF--09-1-0534] FX This work was supported in part by NSF Award #CBET-0854522, NOAA Award #NA08NWS4620047 and the U.S. Army RDECOM ARL Army Research Office under grant W911NF--09-1-0534. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 25 SI SI BP 3836 EP 3842 DI 10.1002/hyp.8281 PG 7 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 855PW UT WOS:000297577700002 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Ramirez, G Hatfield, JL Parkin, TB Sauer, TJ Prueger, JH AF Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo Hatfield, Jerry L. Parkin, Timothy B. Sauer, Thomas J. Prueger, John H. TI Carbon dioxide fluxes in corn-soybean rotation in the midwestern US: Inter- and intra-annual variations, and biophysical controls SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Temporal variability; Hysteresis; Available light; Photosynthetically active radiation; Air temperature ID RAIN-FED MAIZE; NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; SOIL-WATER; TEMPERATURE CONTROLS; EDDY COVARIANCE; NITROGEN-SOURCE; GROWING-SEASON; CO2 FLUXES; RESPIRATION; DYNAMICS AB Quantifying carbon dioxide (CO(2)) fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems is critical for better understanding of global carbon cycling and observed changes in climate. This study examined year-round temporal variations of CO(2) fluxes in two biennial crop rotations during 4 year of corn (Zen mays L) and soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] production. We monitored CO(2) fluxes using eddy-covariance (EC) and soil chambers in adjacent production fields near Ames, Iowa. Under the non-limiting soil water availability conditions predominant in these fields, diel and seasonal variations of CO(2) fluxes were mostly controlled by ambient temperature and available light. Air temperature explained up to 81% of the variability of soil respiratory losses during fallow periods. In contrast, with full-developed canopies, available light was the main driver of daytime CO(2) uptake for both crops. Furthermore, a combined additive effect of both available light and temperature on enhanced CO(2) uptake was identified only for corn. Moreover, diurnal hysteresis of net CO(2) uptake with available light was also found for both crops with consistently greater CO(2) uptake in the mornings than afternoons perhaps primarily owing to delay in peak of soil respiration relative to the time of maximum plant photosynthesis. Annual cumulative CO(2) exchange was mainly determined by crop species with consistently greater net uptake for corn and near neutral exchange for soybean (-466 +/- 38 and -13 +/- 39 g C m(-2) year(-1)). Concomitantly, within growing seasons, CO(2) sink periods were approximately 106 days for corn and 90 days for soybean, and peak rates of CO(2) uptake were roughly 1.7-fold higher for corn than soybean. Apparent changes in soil organic carbon estimated after accounting for grain carbon removal suggested soil carbon depletion following soybean years and neutral carbon balance for corn. Overall, results suggest changes in land use and cropping systems have a substantial impact on dynamics of CO(2) exchange. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, Canterbury Agr & Sci Ctr, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Hatfield, Jerry L.; Parkin, Timothy B.; Sauer, Thomas J.; Prueger, John H.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Hernandez-Ramirez, G (reprint author), New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res, Canterbury Agr & Sci Ctr, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand. EM Guillermo.Hernandez@plantandfood.co.nz RI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/I-5429-2013 OI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/0000-0001-8225-5813 NR 47 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 151 IS 12 BP 1831 EP 1842 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.017 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 851NG UT WOS:000297277200032 ER PT J AU Ibanez, JJ Effland, WR AF Ibanez, Juan-Jose Effland, William R. TI Toward a Theory of Island Pedogeography: Testing the driving forces for pedological assemblages in archipelagos of different origins SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Soil geography; Theory; Island biogeography; Pedodiversity; Geodiversity; Biodiversity ID SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIP; PEDODIVERSITY; DISTRIBUTIONS; PATTERNS; SCALES; MODEL AB The Theory of Island Biogeography has been based on biodiversity studies and used as a powerful predictive tool. Currently pedogeography does not have a similar theoretical construct. Although island biodiversity and biological assemblages have been topics of widespread interest in biogeography, ecology and conservation biology, soil scientists have conducted few studies of pedodiversity and pedological assemblages in archipelagos. Several studies have demonstrated that pedodiversity and biodiversity patterns have striking similarities in very disparate environments and at different scales, thus it is possible to test for a similar construct of island pedogeography. We analyze similarities and differences in the pedosphere for three archipelagos with different origins: (i) oceanic-intra-plate chains islands (Hawaiian Islands), (ii) oceanic-intra-plate cluster islands (Canary Islands), (iii) non-marine land-bridge islands with volcanism associated with plate boundary conditions (Aegean Islands) and (iv) as a comparison, islands in a nonplate boundary setting (the British Isles). In the Canary Islands, we also compiled selected biological, physiographical, geological and climatic data for further analysis of pedodiversity, climatic diversity, geodiversity and biodiversity. Our pedogeographic analysis of the three archipelagos indicates archipelagos of varying origins contain different soil assemblages with plate tectonics as the main driving force. The similarities between pedodiversity and biodiversity are more remarkable than the differences. We tested the hypothesis that soil taxa distributions on island chains can be modelled as a power function similar to the species-area relationship (SAR) proposed by McArthur and Wilson for archipelagos. The SAR functional relationship has been widely corroborated in other biodiversity studies. The same patterns were obtained for pedodiversity and biodiversity in the British Isles, and after that in the Aegean Archipelago. In this study we show similar results in the Canary Islands. Furthermore, in the Canary Archipelago, a strong relationship exists between pedodiversity, biodiversity, climate diversity, habitat heterogeneity and relief. For the Hawaii Archipelago, we did not obtain a statistically significant relationship because soil inventories are not published for the smallest islands and islets. However, Hawaii does have a chronosequence from the older to the younger land units. Overall, the dynamics of the underlying plate tectonic hot spots seems to be the major driving force affecting the various diversity types. Based on these results, we suggest a theoretical proposal of "Island pedogeography" consistent and similar to the Theory of Island Biogeography, in view that the latter one also predicts the pedodiversity of soil assemblages in archipelagos. This study illustrates several possibilities for further research in soil geography. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ibanez, Juan-Jose] Univ Valencia Generalitat Valenciana, Ctr Invest Desenificac, C1DE Consejo Super Invest Cientif, Valencia 46470, Spain. [Effland, William R.] USDA, NRCS Resource Inventory & Assessment Div, George Washington Carver Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ibanez, JJ (reprint author), Univ Valencia Generalitat Valenciana, Ctr Invest Desenificac, C1DE Consejo Super Invest Cientif, Valencia 46470, Spain. EM choloibanez@hotmail.com; william.effland@wdc.usda.gov NR 45 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 135 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.02.010 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 850XA UT WOS:000297231700002 ER PT J AU Gauger, PC Lager, KM Vincent, AL Opriessnig, T Kehrli, ME Cheung, AK AF Gauger, P. C. Lager, K. M. Vincent, A. L. Opriessnig, T. Kehrli, M. E., Jr. Cheung, A. K. TI Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome produced in gnotobiotic pigs following exposure to various amounts of porcine circovirus type 2a or type 2b SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PCV2; Porcine circovirus associated disease; PCVAD; Gnotobiotic pig ID TORQUE-TENO-VIRUS; COLOSTRUM-DEPRIVED PIGLETS; RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS; REAL-TIME PCR; EXPERIMENTAL REPRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; HIGHLY PREVALENT; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HEALTHY PIGS; SWINE HERDS AB In late 2005, a postweaning, high mortality syndrome spread rapidly through finishing barns in swine dense areas of the United States. Diagnostic investigations consistently detected porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) from diseased tissues. Subsequent genetic analysis revealed that the infectious agent was a PCV2 type termed "PCV2b". Prior to late 2004, only the PCV2a type, but not PCV2b, had been reported in North America. In this communication, we produce severe postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in gnotobiotic pigs using infectious PCV2a and PCV2b generated from DNA clones constructed from field isolates identified in the 2005 outbreak. Clinical signs exhibited by diseased pigs included anorexia, dyspnea and listlessness. Mortality was typically observed within 12 h of onset of dyspnea. The most striking microscopic lesions in affected animals were severe hepatic necrosis and depletion of germinal centers in lymph nodes with associated abundant PCV2 viral antigen. Clinical signs and lesions observed in these studies were comparable to those reported in experiments with gnotobiotic pigs inoculated with a PCV2a isolate while concurrently receiving immune-stimulation or coinfection with porcine parvovirus or torque teno virus. The animals in these studies were confirmed to be free of detectable porcine parvovirus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, swine hepatitis E virus, and aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Seven out of 24 PCV2 inoculated pigs had a detectable congenital torque teno virus infection with no correlation to clinical disease. Thus, in these studies, both PCV2a and PCV2b isolates were singularly capable of inducing high mortality in the absence of any detectable infectious co-factor. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gauger, P. C.; Lager, K. M.; Vincent, A. L.; Kehrli, M. E., Jr.; Cheung, A. K.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Opriessnig, T.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lager, KM (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM kelly.lager@ars.usda.gov RI Opriessnig, Tanja/F-2984-2012 OI Opriessnig, Tanja/0000-0001-9642-0904 FU National Pork Board FX This work was funded in part by a National Pork Board grant. NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 153 IS 3-4 BP 229 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.038 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 846YV UT WOS:000296940000003 PM 21684696 ER PT J AU Subramaniam, R Herndon, CN Shanthalingam, S Dassanayake, RP Bavananthasivam, J Potter, KA Knowles, DP Foreyt, WJ Srikumaran, S AF Subramaniam, Renuka Herndon, Caroline N. Shanthalingam, Sudarvili Dassanayake, Rohana P. Bavananthasivam, Jegarubee Potter, Kathleen A. Knowles, Donald P. Foreyt, William J. Srikumaran, Subramaniam TI Defective bacterial clearance is responsible for the enhanced lung pathology characteristic of Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia in bighorn sheep SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mannheimia haemolytica; Bighorn sheep; Domestic sheep; Bacterial clearance ID PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; OVIS-CANADENSIS; DOMESTIC SHEEP; VIRULENCE; NEUTROPHILS; PATHOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; CHALLENGE; APOPTOSIS; VACCINE AB The molecular and cellular basis for the enhanced lung pathology and mortality caused by Mannheimia haemolytica in bighorn sheep (BHS. Ovis canadenesis), in comparison to domestic sheep (DS, Ovis aries), is not clear. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) of BHS are four- to eight-fold more susceptible to M. haemolytica leukotoxin-induced cytolysis, which is likely to reduce the number of functional phagocytes in the lung. We hypothesized that enhanced lung pathology is due to defective clearance of M. haemolytica from the lungs of BHS. To test this hypothesis, M. haemolytica (1 x 10(7) colony forming units [cfu]) were inoculated intra-tracheally into three groups each of BHS and DS, which were euthanized and necropsied at 4, 12, and 18 h post-inoculation (hpi). Bacterial and leukocyte counts were performed on broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected at necropsy. BALF from BHS euthanized at 4 and 12 hpi contained a significantly higher number of M. haemolytica than that from DS. More importantly, DS did not have any bacteria in BALF at 18 hpi, while the BHS still had significant numbers. As expected, the BHS did exhibit more extensive lung lesions at 12 and 18 hpi when compared to DS. At 18 hpi, necrotic PMNs were observed in the lesional lung tissues of BHS, but not DS. Furthermore, BALF from BHS had significantly lower titers of antibodies to Lkt and surface antigens of M. haemolytica, than that of DS. These findings suggest that the enhanced pathology in BHS lungs is due to defective clearance of M. haemolytica from the lungs. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Subramaniam, Renuka; Herndon, Caroline N.; Shanthalingam, Sudarvili; Dassanayake, Rohana P.; Bavananthasivam, Jegarubee; Knowles, Donald P.; Foreyt, William J.; Srikumaran, Subramaniam] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Potter, Kathleen A.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Knowles, Donald P.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Srikumaran, S (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM ssrikumaran@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Wild Sheep Foundation; Rocky Mountain Bighorn Society; Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition FX This research was supported by funds from the Wild Sheep Foundation and its Eastern, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington Chapters, Rocky Mountain Bighorn Society, and Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition. We thank Dr. Jane Wardrop for her assistance with cytology, and Dr. Doug Call for help with statistical analyses. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 153 IS 3-4 BP 332 EP 338 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.008 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 846YV UT WOS:000296940000015 PM 21742446 ER PT J AU Mullins, MA Register, KB Bayles, DO Butler, JE AF Mullins, Michael A. Register, Karen B. Bayles, Darrell O. Butler, John E. TI Haemophilus parasuis exhibits IgA protease activity but lacks homologs of the IgA protease genes of Haemophilus influenzae SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Haemophilus parasuis; IgA protease; Swine IgA ID ACTINOBACILLUS-PLEUROPNEUMONIAE SEROTYPE-1; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-A; HEMOPHILUS; SWINE AB Haemophilus parasuis, the bacterium responsible for Glasser's disease, is a pathogen of significant concern in modern high-health swine production systems but there is little information regarding the identity or function of its virulence factors. Several important human mucosal pathogens, including the closely related bacterium Haemophilus influenzae, utilize IgA proteases to aid in defeating the host immune response and facilitate disease but it is unknown whether H. parasuis synthesizes any product with IgA protease activity. To investigate potential virulence mechanisms of H. parasuis, we evaluated five strains for their ability to digest purified IgA. Western blotting demonstrated cleavage of swine IgA, but not human IgA1, following incubation with culture supernatants from three strains, two of which are known to cause invasive disease. No genes with homology to the H. influenzae IgA protease genes iga and igaB could be identified in any H. parasuis strain using either PCR or Southern blotting. These results demonstrate that a novel IgA protease produced by some strains of H. parasuis cleaves the swine IgA heavy chain at a site not found in human IgA1. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mullins, Michael A.; Register, Karen B.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bayles, Darrell O.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Butler, John E.] Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Register, KB (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM karen.register@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2011 VL 153 IS 3-4 BP 407 EP 412 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.004 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 846YV UT WOS:000296940000028 PM 21737216 ER PT J AU Lindholm-Perry, AK Sexten, AK Kuehn, LA Smith, TPL King, DA Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL Ferrell, CL Jenkins, TG Snelling, WM Freetly, HC AF Lindholm-Perry, Amanda K. Sexten, Andrea K. Kuehn, Larry A. Smith, Timothy P. L. King, D. Andy Shackelford, Steven D. Wheeler, Tommy L. Ferrell, Calvin L. Jenkins, Thomas G. Snelling, Warren M. Freetly, Harvey C. TI Association, effects and validation of polymorphisms within the NCAPG-LCORL locus located on BTA6 with feed intake, gain, meat and carcass traits in beef cattle SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GENOME SCAN; GROWTH; IDENTIFICATION; CHROMOSOME-6; COMPLEX; QTL AB Background: In a previously reported genome-wide association study based on a high-density bovine SNP genotyping array, 8 SNP were nominally associated (P <= 0.003) with average daily gain (ADG) and 3 of these were also associated (P <= 0.002) with average daily feed intake (ADFI) in a population of crossbred beef cattle. The SNP were clustered in a 570 kb region around 38 Mb on the draft sequence of bovine chromosome 6 (BTA6), an interval containing several positional and functional candidate genes including the bovine LAP3, NCAPG, and LCORL genes. The goal of the present study was to develop and examine additional markers in this region to optimize the ability to distinguish favorable alleles, with potential to identify functional variation. Results: Animals from the original study were genotyped for 47 SNP within or near the gene boundaries of the three candidate genes. Sixteen markers in the NCAPG-LCORL locus displayed significant association with both ADFI and ADG even after stringent correction for multiple testing (P <= 005). These markers were evaluated for their effects on meat and carcass traits. The alleles associated with higher ADFI and ADG were also associated with higher hot carcass weight (HCW) and ribeye area (REA), and lower adjusted fat thickness (AFT). A reduced set of markers was genotyped on a separate, crossbred population including genetic contributions from 14 beef cattle breeds. Two of the markers located within the LCORL gene locus remained significant for ADG (P <= 0.04). Conclusions: Several markers within the NCAPG-LCORL locus were significantly associated with feed intake and body weight gain phenotypes. These markers were also associated with HCW, REA and AFT suggesting that they are involved with lean growth and reduced fat deposition. Additionally, the two markers significant for ADG in the validation population of animals may be more robust for the prediction of ADG and possibly the correlated trait ADFI, across multiple breeds and populations of cattle. C1 [Lindholm-Perry, Amanda K.; Sexten, Andrea K.; Kuehn, Larry A.; Smith, Timothy P. L.; King, D. Andy; Shackelford, Steven D.; Wheeler, Tommy L.; Ferrell, Calvin L.; Jenkins, Thomas G.; Snelling, Warren M.; Freetly, Harvey C.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Sexten, Andrea K.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Ferrell, Calvin L.; Jenkins, Thomas G.] F&J Livestock Consulting LLC, Saronville, NE USA. RP Lindholm-Perry, AK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Amanda.Lindholm@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 40 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD DEC 14 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 103 DI 10.1186/1471-2156-12-103 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 902MX UT WOS:000301043700001 PM 22168586 ER PT J AU Cabrera, A Cox, L Spokas, KA Celis, R Hermosin, MC Cornejo, J Koskinen, WC AF Cabrera, Alegria Cox, Lucia Spokas, Kurt A. Celis, Rafael Carmen Hermosin, M. Cornejo, Juan Koskinen, William C. TI Comparative Sorption and Leaching Study of the Herbicides Fluometuron and 4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic Acid (MCPA) in a Soil Amended with Biochars and Other Sorbents SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE amendment; biochar; dissolved organic carbon; fluometuron; herbicides; leaching; MCPA; olive oil mill waste; organoclay; pesticides; soil; sorption ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; OIL MILL WASTE; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; TRIAZINE HERBICIDES; AGRICULTURAL SOIL; COASTAL-PLAIN; AMENDMENTS; DESORPTION; DIURON; CARBON AB Biochar, the solid residual remaining after the thermochemical transformation of biomass for carbon sequestration, has been proposed to be used as a soil amendment, because of its agronomic benefits. The effect of amending soil with six biochars made from different feedstocks on the sorption and leaching of fluometuron and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) was compared to the effect of other sorbents: an activated carbon, a Ca-rich Arizona montmorillonite modified with hexadecyl-trimethylammonium organic cation (SA-HDTMA), and an agricultural organic residue from olive oil production (OOW). Soil was amended at 2% (w/w), and studies were performed following a batch equilibration procedure. Sorption of both herbicides increased in all amended soils, but decreased in soil amended with a biochar produced from macadamia nut shells made with fast pyrolysis. Lower leaching of the herbicides was observed in the soils amended with the biochars with higher surface areas BC5 and BC6 and the organoclay (OC1). Despite the increase in herbicide sorption in soils amended with two hardwood biochars (BC1 and BC3) and OOW, leaching of fluometuron and MCPA was enhanced with the addition of these amendments as compared to the unamended soil. The increased leaching is due to some amendments' soluble organic compounds, which compete or associate with herbicide molecules, enhancing their soil mobility. Thus, the results indicate that not all biochar amendments will increase sorption and decrease leaching of fluometuron and MCPA. Furthermore, the amount and composition of the organic carbon (OC) content of the amendment, especially the soluble part (DOC), can play an important role in the sorption and leaching of these herbicides. C1 [Cabrera, Alegria] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Cox, Lucia; Celis, Rafael; Carmen Hermosin, M.; Cornejo, Juan] Inst Recursos Nat & Agrobiol Sevilla IRNASE CSIC, Seville 41080, Spain. [Spokas, Kurt A.; Koskinen, William C.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Cabrera, A (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM macabrera@irnase.csic.es RI Cabrera, Alegria/B-4753-2012; Celis, Rafael/D-8074-2012; COX, LUCIA/M-4072-2015; Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016; OI Cabrera, Alegria/0000-0002-0421-3324; Celis, Rafael/0000-0002-0548-0774; Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959; Cornejo, Juan/0000-0002-2552-3495; , LUCIA/0000-0003-2113-4780 FU Junta de Andalucia through Grupo PAIDI [AGR-264]; MICINN [AGL2010-21421]; European Structural and social funds (FEDER-FSE); CSIC i-Link0025 project; MEC/FECYT FX We appreciate the financial support of Junta de Andalucia through Grupo PAIDI AGR-264 and of MICINN project AGL2010-21421 cofinanced by European Structural and social funds (FEDER-FSE) through the operative program 2007-2013 and the CSIC i-Link0025 project. A.C. thanks the MEC/FECYT for a postdoctoral fellowship. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 46 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 7 U2 81 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 14 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 23 BP 12550 EP 12560 DI 10.1021/jf202713q PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 856AK UT WOS:000297608400037 PM 22023336 ER PT J AU Du, XF Plotto, A Baldwin, E Rouseff, R AF Du, Xiaofen Plotto, Anne Baldwin, Elizabeth Rouseff, Russell TI Evaluation of Volatiles from Two Subtropical Strawberry Cultivars Using GC-Olfactometry, GC-MS Odor Activity Values, and Sensory Analysis SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE strawberry volatiles; GC-O; OAV; descriptive sensory analysis ID CV SENGA SENGANA; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; 2,5-DIMETHYL-4-HYDROXY-3(2H)-FURANONE FURANEOL; MASS SPECTROMETRY; FRAGARIA-ANANASSA; WILD STRAWBERRIES; AROMA PATTERNS; QUALITY; FLAVOR; FRESH AB Most strawberry flavor studies have examined berries grown in temperate regions with long summer days. Few studies have examined berries harvested in winter months from subtropical regions with shorter photoperiods. Fruits harvested in February and March from two strawberry cultivars, 'Strawberry Festival' and 'Florida Radiance', were examined. Thirty odor active compounds were detected using time-intensity GC-O. Twenty-nine were identified. The major odor active volatiles in both cultivars were 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone (DMMF), 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone (DMHF), methyl butanoate, gamma-decalactone, unknown (grassy, LRI 1362, wax), (E)-2-hexenal, linalool, (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, geraniol, butanoic acid, methyl 2-methylbutanoate, and ethyl hexanoate. Over 90 volatiles were identified and 54 quantified using GC-MS including 33 esters, 6 alcohols, 5 acids, 3 aldehydes, 3 lactones, 2 ketones, and 2 furanones. Odor activity values (OAVs) were determined for 46 volatiles, of which 22 had OAV > 1. The highest OAVs for 'Strawberry Festival' were ethyl butanoate (461), DMHF (424), methyl butanoate (358), and linalool (102). A 14-member trained panel evaluated quartered fruit using quantitative descriptive analysis to quantify seven sensory attributes. Sensory "strawberry flavor" scores were positively correlated with sensory "sweetness" (R-2 = 0.83) as well as GC-MS methyl 3-methylbutanoate (R-2 = 0.90) and ethyl butanoate (R-2 = 0.96). These cultivars lacked methyl anthranilate and possessed an aroma pattern different from summer-grown strawberries. C1 [Du, Xiaofen; Rouseff, Russell] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Plotto, Anne; Baldwin, Elizabeth] USDA, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Res Lab, Agr Res Serv, Winter Haven, FL 33881 USA. RP Rouseff, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM rrouseff@ufl.edu FU USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative USDA NIFA [2009-51181-05783] FX This project was funded in part by a USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative USDA NIFA Award (2009-51181-05783), "Increasing Consumption of Fresh Fruits & Vegetables by Enhancing Their Quality and Safety", a joint research project with the University of California, Davis, and the University of Florida. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 39 U1 7 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD DEC 14 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 23 BP 12569 EP 12577 DI 10.1021/jf2030924 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 856AK UT WOS:000297608400039 PM 22026593 ER PT J AU Feng, R Wu, YH Jang, GH Ordovas, JM Arnett, D AF Feng, Rui Wu, Yinghua Jang, Gun Ho Ordovas, Jose M. Arnett, Donna TI A Powerful Test of Parent-of-Origin Effects for Quantitative Traits Using Haplotypes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TRIGLYCERIDE TRANSFER PROTEIN; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; VARIANCE-COMPONENTS; EXTENDED PEDIGREES; BIPOLAR DISORDER; GENETIC-LINKAGE; SIB-PAIR; ASSOCIATION; LOCI; MAPS AB Imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon where the same alleles have unequal transcriptions and thus contribute differently to a trait depending on their parent of origin. This mechanism has been found to affect a variety of human disorders. Although various methods for testing parent-of-origin effects have been proposed in linkage analysis settings, only a few are available for association analysis and they are usually restricted to small families and particular study designs. In this study, we develop a powerful maximum likelihood test to evaluate the parent-of-origin effects of SNPs on quantitative phenotypes in general family studies. Our method incorporates haplotype distribution to take advantage of inter-marker LD information in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Our method also accommodates missing genotypes that often occur in genetic studies. Our simulation studies with various minor allele frequencies, LD structures, family sizes, and missing schemes have uniformly shown that using the new method significantly improves the power of detecting imprinted genes compared with the method using the SNP at the testing locus only. Our simulations suggest that the most efficient strategy to investigate parent-of-origin effects is to recruit one parent and as many offspring as possible under practical constraints. As a demonstration, we applied our method to a dataset from the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) to test the parent-of-origin effects of the SNPs within the PPARGC1A, MTP and FABP2 genes on diabetes-related phenotypes, and found that several SNPs in the MTP gene show parent-of-origin effects on insulin and glucose levels. C1 [Feng, Rui; Wu, Yinghua; Jang, Gun Ho] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Arnett, Donna] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Feng, R (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM ruifeng@upenn.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01GM088566] FX This work is supported by National Institutes of Health grant R01GM088566 (www.nigms.nih.gov/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 13 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e28909 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028909 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 866GA UT WOS:000298367300030 PM 22174922 ER PT J AU Suganuma, K Horiuchi, K Matsuda, H Cheng, HN Aoki, A Asakura, T AF Suganuma, Koto Horiuchi, Ken Matsuda, Hironori Cheng, H. N. Aoki, Akihiro Asakura, Tetsuo TI Stereoregularity of Poly(lactic acid) and their Model Compounds as studied by NMR and Quantum Chemical Calculations SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID PROPENE-NORBORNENE COPOLYMERS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; STEREOCOMPLEX FORMATION; PERTURBATION-THEORY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ATOMS LI; C-13; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMERS; MELT AB In order to understand the origin of the tacticity splitting in the NMR spectra of poly(lactic acid), monomer and dimer model compounds were synthesized and their (1)H and (13)C NMR. chemical shifts were observed. Two stable conformations were obtained from Ramachandran map calculated as a function of the internal rotation angles for the monomer model using Gaussian 09 calculations. Four preferred conformations were selected and optimized for each dimer model. The conformations of neighboring residues were energetically interdependent. The (1)H and (13)C chemical shifts for dimer model compounds were calculated by averaging the occurrence probabilities obtained from the optimized conformational energies and the calculated chemical shift of each conformation. It was confirmed that the solvent effect on the tacticity-dependent relative chemical shifts was small from the NMR experiments of the model compound observed in different solvents, dimethyl sulfoxide, chloroform, and chloroform/carbon tetrachloride (20/80 v/v) mixture. Good agreement between observed and calculated chemical shifts was obtained for the relative chemical shifts of isotactic and syndiotactic (1)H and (13)C NMR peaks of the dimer model compounds. The observed tacticity splitting of poly(lactic acid) at the diad level was rationalized on the basis of these chemical shift calculations. C1 [Suganuma, Koto; Aoki, Akihiro; Asakura, Tetsuo] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan. [Suganuma, Koto; Horiuchi, Ken; Matsuda, Hironori] Teijin Ltd, Mat Anal Res Labs, Tokyo 1918512, Japan. [Cheng, H. N.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Asakura, T (reprint author), Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan. RI Asakura, Tetsuo/B-9970-2013 FU Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Supports of Japan [23245045, 21550112] FX T.A. acknowledges support from Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Supports of Japan (23245045) and (21550112). The authors would like to thank Mr. Masato Komiyama at Teijin Pharma Ltd. for his support on the synthesis of the model compounds and Dr. Masao Hirasaka at Teijin Ltd. for his support on discussion. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD DEC 13 PY 2011 VL 44 IS 23 BP 9247 EP 9253 DI 10.1021/ma2018777 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 855ZG UT WOS:000297604200022 ER PT J AU Huang, TH Uthe, JJ Bearson, SMD Demirkale, CY Nettleton, D Knetter, S Christian, C Ramer-Tait, AE Wannemuehler, MJ Tuggle, CK AF Huang, Ting-Hua Uthe, Jolita J. Bearson, Shawn M. D. Demirkale, Cumhur Yusuf Nettleton, Dan Knetter, Susan Christian, Curtis Ramer-Tait, Amanda E. Wannemuehler, Michael J. Tuggle, Christopher K. TI Distinct Peripheral Blood RNA Responses to Salmonella in Pigs Differing in Salmonella Shedding Levels: Intersection of IFNG, TLR and miRNA Pathways SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR CHOLERAESUIS; DIFFERENTIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; NF-KAPPA-B; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INNATE IMMUNITY; BETA-CATENIN; SR PROTEINS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSE; CYTOKINE EXPRESSION AB Transcriptomic analysis of the response to bacterial pathogens has been reported for several species, yet few studies have investigated the transcriptional differences in whole blood in subjects that differ in their disease response phenotypes. Salmonella species infect many vertebrate species, and pigs colonized with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) are usually asymptomatic, making detection of these Salmonella-carrier pigs difficult. The variable fecal shedding of Salmonella is an important cause of foodborne illness and zoonotic disease. To investigate gene pathways and biomarkers associated with the variance in Salmonella shedding following experimental inoculation, we initiated the first analysis of the whole blood transcriptional response induced by Salmonella. A population of pigs (n = 40) was inoculated with ST and peripheral blood and fecal Salmonella counts were collected between 2 and 20 days post-inoculation (dpi). Two groups of pigs with either low shedding (LS) or persistent shedding (PS) phenotypes were identified. Global transcriptional changes in response to ST inoculation were identified by Affymetrix Genechip (R) analysis of peripheral blood RNA at day 0 and 2 dpi. ST inoculation triggered substantial gene expression changes in the pigs and there was differential expression of many genes between LS and PS pigs. Analysis of the differential profiles of gene expression within and between PS and LS phenotypic classes identified distinct regulatory pathways mediated by IFN-gamma, TNF, NF-kappa B, or one of several miRNAs. We confirmed the activation of two regulatory factors, SPI1 and CEBPB, and demonstrated that expression of miR-155 was decreased specifically in the PS animals. These data provide insight into specific pathways associated with extremes in Salmonella fecal shedding that can be targeted for further exploration on why some animals develop a carrier state. This knowledge can also be used to develop rational manipulations of genetics, pharmaceuticals, nutrition or husbandry methods to decrease Salmonella colonization, shedding and spread. C1 [Huang, Ting-Hua; Uthe, Jolita J.; Knetter, Susan; Christian, Curtis; Tuggle, Christopher K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bearson, Shawn M. D.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Demirkale, Cumhur Yusuf; Nettleton, Dan] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA USA. [Ramer-Tait, Amanda E.; Wannemuehler, Michael J.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. RP Huang, TH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM cktuggle@iastate.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-35205-05192]; National Pork Board; USDA-CSREES; USDA [2005-38420-15810]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-35205-05192 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to CKT, SMDB, MJW and DN, as well as the National Pork Board in grants to both SMDB and CKT. Support is also gratefully acknowledged from the USDA-CSREES Special Grant to the Food Safety Consortium to CKT and MJW. CC gratefully acknowledges support from the USDA National Needs Graduate Fellowship Competitive Grant No. 2005-38420-15810 from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 96 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 12 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e28768 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028768 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 866FT UT WOS:000298366600037 PM 22174891 ER PT J AU Li, SF Song, LY Zhang, GJ Yin, WB Chen, YH Wang, RRC Hu, ZM AF Li, Shu-Fen Song, Li-Ying Zhang, Guo-Jun Yin, Wei-Bo Chen, Yu-Hong Wang, Richard R-C Hu, Zan-Min TI Newly identified essential amino acid residues affecting Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturase activity revealed by site-directed mutagenesis SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturase; Site-directed mutagenesis; Yeast expression; Desaturation activity ID SPHINGOLIPID DESATURASE; DELTA(6)-FATTY ACID; FUSION PROTEINS; FATTY-ACIDS; ENZYME; PLANTS; YEAST; DELTA(6)-DESATURASE; REGIOSELECTIVITY; EXPRESSION AB In order to identify amino acid residues crucial for the enzymatic activity of Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturases, a sequence comparison was performed among Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturases and Delta(6)-fatty acid desaturases from various plants. In addition to the known conserved cytb(5) (cytochrome b(5)) HPGG motif and three conserved histidine boxes, they share additional 15 completely conserved residues. A series of site-directed mutants were generated using our previously isolated Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturase gene from Brassica rapa to evaluate the importance of these residues to the enzyme function. The mutants were functionally characterized by heterologous expression in yeast, allowing the identification of the products of the enzymes. The results revealed that residues H63, N203, D208, D210, and G368 were obligatorily required for the enzymatic activity, and substitution of the residues F59, W190, W345, 069 and Q372 markedly decreased the enzyme activity. Among them, replacement of the residues W190, L369 and Q372 also has significant influence on the ratio of the two enzyme products. Information obtained in this work provides the molecular basis for the Delta(8)-sphingolipid desaturase activity and aids in our understanding of the structure-function relationships of the membrane-bound desaturases. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Shu-Fen; Song, Li-Ying; Yin, Wei-Bo; Chen, Yu-Hong; Hu, Zan-Min] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Guo-Jun] Xinxiang Med Univ, Dept Immunol, Xinxiang 453003, Peoples R China. [Wang, Richard R-C] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Li, Shu-Fen] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. RP Hu, ZM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM sfli@genetics.ac.cn; lysong@genetics.ac.cn; zgj003@xxmu.edu.cn; wbyin@genetics.ac.cn; yhchen@genetics.ac.cn; Richard.Wang@ARS.USDA.gov; zmhu@genetics.ac.cn FU Ministry of Agriculture of China for Transgenic Research [2011ZX08009-003-004, 2009ZX08009-098B]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011CB200902, 2006AA10A113] FX Thanks for Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis for the UPLC analyses. This research was supported by Projects (Nos. 2011ZX08009-003-004 and 2009ZX08009-098B) from the Ministry of Agriculture of China for Transgenic Research, and Projects (Nos. 2011CB200902 and 2006AA10A113) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD DEC 9 PY 2011 VL 416 IS 1-2 BP 165 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.11.017 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 864FJ UT WOS:000298222100028 PM 22100812 ER PT J AU Galeano, CH Fernandez, AC Franco-Herrera, N Cichy, KA McClean, PE Vanderleyden, J Blair, MW AF Galeano, Carlos H. Fernandez, Andrea C. Franco-Herrera, Natalia Cichy, Karen A. McClean, Phillip E. Vanderleyden, Jos Blair, Matthew W. TI Saturation of an Intra-Gene Pool Linkage Map: Towards a Unified Consensus Linkage Map for Fine Mapping and Synteny Analysis in Common Bean SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ROOT ARCHITECTURE TRAITS; UNGUICULATA L WALP.; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; CROP IMPROVEMENT; GENOME SEQUENCE; SNP; QTL; INFORMATION AB Map-based cloning and fine mapping to find genes of interest and marker assisted selection (MAS) requires good genetic maps with reproducible markers. In this study, we saturated the linkage map of the intra-gene pool population of common bean DOR364xBAT477 (DB) by evaluating 2,706 molecular markers including SSR, SNP, and gene-based markers. On average the polymorphism rate was 7.7% due to the narrow genetic base between the parents. The DB linkage map consisted of 291 markers with a total map length of 1,788 cM. A consensus map was built using the core mapping populations derived from inter-gene pool crosses: DOR364xG19833 (DG) and BAT93xJALO EEP558 (BJ). The consensus map consisted of a total of 1,010 markers mapped, with a total map length of 2,041 cM across 11 linkage groups. On average, each linkage group on the consensus map contained 91 markers of which 83% were single copy markers. Finally, a synteny analysis was carried out using our highly saturated consensus maps compared with the soybean pseudo-chromosome assembly. A total of 772 marker sequences were compared with the soybean genome. A total of 44 syntenic blocks were identified. The linkage group Pv6 presented the most diverse pattern of synteny with seven syntenic blocks, and Pv9 showed the most consistent relations with soybean with just two syntenic blocks. Additionally, a co-linear analysis using common bean transcript map information against soybean coding sequences (CDS) revealed the relationship with 787 soybean genes. The common bean consensus map has allowed us to map a larger number of markers, to obtain a more complete coverage of the common bean genome. Our results, combined with synteny relationships provide tools to increase marker density in selected genomic regions to identify closely linked polymorphic markers for indirect selection, fine mapping or for positional cloning. C1 [Galeano, Carlos H.; Vanderleyden, Jos] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Microbial & Plant Genet, Dept Microbial & Mol Syst, Heverlee, Belgium. [Fernandez, Andrea C.; Cichy, Karen A.] ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, USDA, E Lansing, MI USA. [Franco-Herrera, Natalia; Blair, Matthew W.] CIAT, Bean Project, Cali, Colombia. [McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Genom & Bioinformat Program, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [McClean, Phillip E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Galeano, CH (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Microbial & Plant Genet, Dept Microbial & Mol Syst, Heverlee, Belgium. EM galeanomendoza@gmail.com; mwb1@cornell.edu FU Generation Challenge Program and International Center for Tropical Agriculture; IRO (Interfaculty Council for Development Co-operation of the Catholic University of Leuven) FX This work was funded by the Generation Challenge Program and International Center for Tropical Agriculture. Carlos H. Galeano is supported by a doctoral research fellowship from IRO (Interfaculty Council for Development Co-operation of the Catholic University of Leuven). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 8 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e28135 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028135 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 863KY UT WOS:000298163600013 PM 22174773 ER PT J AU Ganal, MW Durstewitz, G Polley, A Berard, A Buckler, ES Charcosset, A Clarke, JD Graner, EM Hansen, M Joets, J Le Paslier, MC McMullen, MD Montalent, P Rose, M Schon, CC Sun, Q Walter, H Martin, OC Falque, M AF Ganal, Martin W. Durstewitz, Gregor Polley, Andreas Berard, Aurelie Buckler, Edward S. Charcosset, Alain Clarke, Joseph D. Graner, Eva-Maria Hansen, Mark Joets, Johann Le Paslier, Marie-Christine McMullen, Michael D. Montalent, Pierre Rose, Mark Schoen, Chris-Carolin Sun, Qi Walter, Hildrun Martin, Olivier C. Falque, Matthieu TI A Large Maize (Zea mays L.) SNP Genotyping Array: Development and Germplasm Genotyping, and Genetic Mapping to Compare with the B73 Reference Genome SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; INBRED LINES; DIVERSITY; ASSOCIATION; POPULATIONS; ASSAY; MAP; PATTERNS; MARKERS; DESIGN AB SNP genotyping arrays have been useful for many applications that require a large number of molecular markers such as high-density genetic mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and genomic selection. We report the establishment of a large maize SNP array and its use for diversity analysis and high density linkage mapping. The markers, taken from more than 800,000 SNPs, were selected to be preferentially located in genes and evenly distributed across the genome. The array was tested with a set of maize germplasm including North American and European inbred lines, parent/F1 combinations, and distantly related teosinte material. A total of 49,585 markers, including 33,417 within 17,520 different genes and 16,168 outside genes, were of good quality for genotyping, with an average failure rate of 4% and rates up to 8% in specific germplasm. To demonstrate this array's use in genetic mapping and for the independent validation of the B73 sequence assembly, two intermated maize recombinant inbred line populations - IBM (B73 x Mo17) and LHRF (F2 x F252) - were genotyped to establish two high density linkage maps with 20,913 and 14,524 markers respectively. 172 mapped markers were absent in the current B73 assembly and their placement can be used for future improvements of the B73 reference sequence. Colinearity of the genetic and physical maps was mostly conserved with some exceptions that suggest errors in the B73 assembly. Five major regions containing non-colinearities were identified on chromosomes 2, 3, 6, 7 and 9, and are supported by both independent genetic maps. Four additional non-colinear regions were found on the LHRF map only; they may be due to a lower density of IBM markers in those regions or to true structural rearrangements between lines. Given the array's high quality, it will be a valuable resource for maize genetics and many aspects of maize breeding. C1 [Ganal, Martin W.; Durstewitz, Gregor; Polley, Andreas; Graner, Eva-Maria] TraitGenetics GmbH, Gatersleben, Germany. [Berard, Aurelie; Le Paslier, Marie-Christine] Ctr Natl Genotypage, Inst Genom, CEA, INRA,Etud Polymorphisme Genomes Vegetaux, Evry, France. [Buckler, Edward S.; Sun, Qi] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Charcosset, Alain; Joets, Johann; Montalent, Pierre; Martin, Olivier C.; Falque, Matthieu] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, AgroParisTech, INRA,UMR Genet Vegetale, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Clarke, Joseph D.; Rose, Mark] Syngenta Biotechnol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hansen, Mark] Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [McMullen, Michael D.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. [Schoen, Chris-Carolin; Walter, Hildrun] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Plant Breeding, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. RP Ganal, MW (reprint author), TraitGenetics GmbH, Gatersleben, Germany. EM falque@moulon.inra.fr RI Martin, Olivier/B-6656-2012; Schoen, Chris/G-1867-2011; OI Martin, Olivier/0000-0002-5295-5963; Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X FU Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-GENOMIQUE-SingleMeiosis]; German Federal Ministery for Education and Research [0315528]; USDA-ARS FX This work has been supported by a grant from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/ (ANR-10-GENOMIQUE-SingleMeiosis) to MF and OCM, a grant from the German Federal Ministery for Education and Research http://www.bmbf.de/en/ (AgroclustER Synbreed - Synergistic Plant and Animal Breeding, grant no. 0315528) to MWG and C-CS, and funds provided by USDA-ARS http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/main. htm to MDM and ESB. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 164 Z9 170 U1 3 U2 78 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 8 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e28334 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028334 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 863KY UT WOS:000298163600020 PM 22174790 ER PT J AU Green, TR Erskine, RH AF Green, Timothy R. Erskine, Robert H. TI Measurement and inference of profile soil-water dynamics at different hillslope positions in a semiarid agricultural watershed SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MULTISENSOR CAPACITANCE PROBES; COMPLEX PERMITTIVITY MODEL; TEMPORAL STABILITY; MOISTURE; TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION; PATTERNS; FIELD; VARIABILITY; SENSOR AB Dynamics of profile soil water vary with terrain, soil, and plant characteristics. The objectives addressed here are to quantify dynamic soil water content over a range of slope positions, infer soil profile water fluxes, and identify locations most likely influenced by multidimensional flow. The instrumented 56 ha watershed lies mostly within a dryland (rainfed) wheat field in semiarid eastern Colorado. Dielectric capacitance sensors were used to infer hourly soil water content for approximately 8 years (minus missing data) at 18 hillslope positions and four or more depths. Based on previous research and a new algorithm, sensor measurements (resonant frequency) were rescaled to estimate soil permittivity, then corrected for temperature effects on bulk electrical conductivity before inferring soil water content. Using a mass-conservation method, we analyzed multitemporal changes in soil water content at each sensor to infer the dynamics of water flux at different depths and landscape positions. At summit positions vertical processes appear to control profile soil water dynamics. At downslope positions infrequent overland flow and unsaturated subsurface lateral flow appear to influence soil water dynamics. Crop water use accounts for much of the variability in soil water between transects that are either cropped or fallow in alternating years, while soil hydraulic properties and near-surface hydrology affect soil water variability across landscape positions within each management zone. The observed spatiotemporal patterns exhibit the joint effects of short-term hydrology and long-term soil development. Quantitative methods of analyzing soil water patterns in space and time improve our understanding of dominant soil hydrological processes and provide alternative measures of model performance. C1 [Green, Timothy R.; Erskine, Robert H.] ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Green, TR (reprint author), ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, USDA, 2150-D Ctr Ave 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM tim.green@ars.usda.gov RI Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011 NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD DEC 8 PY 2011 VL 47 AR W00H15 DI 10.1029/2010WR010074 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 860ZO UT WOS:000297988000001 ER PT J AU Zhao, J Wang, CX Bedair, M Welti, R Sumner, LW Baxter, I Wang, XM AF Zhao, Jian Wang, Cunxi Bedair, Mohamed Welti, Ruth Sumner, Lloyd W. Baxter, Ivan Wang, Xuemin TI Suppression of Phospholipase D gamma s Confers Increased Aluminum Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY; LIPID-COMPOSITION; MEMBRANE-LIPIDS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; MALATE TRANSPORTER; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE-EXPRESSION; D-ALPHA; ROOTS; PLANTS AB Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the major stress in acidic soil that comprises about 50% of the world's arable land. The complex molecular mechanisms of Al toxicity have yet to be fully determined. As a barrier to Al entrance, plant cell membranes play essential roles in plant interaction with Al, and lipid composition and membrane integrity change significantly under Al stress. Here, we show that phospholipase D gamma s (PLD gamma s) are induced by Al stress and contribute to Al-induced membrane lipid alterations. RNAi suppression of PLD gamma resulted in a decrease in both PLD gamma 1 and PLD gamma 2 expression and an increase in Al resistance. Genetic disruption of PLD gamma 1 also led to an increased tolerance to Al while knockout of PLD gamma 2 did not. Both RNAi-suppressed and pld gamma 1-1 mutants displayed better root growth than wild-type under Al stress conditions, and PLD gamma 1-deficient plants had less accumulation of callose, less oxidative damage, and less lipid peroxidation compared to wild-type plants. Most phospholipids and glycolipids were altered in response to Al treatment of wild-type plants, whereas fewer changes in lipids occurred in response to Al stress in PLD gamma mutant lines. Our results suggest that PLD gamma s play a role in membrane lipid modulation under Al stress and that high activities of PLD gamma s negatively modulate plant tolerance to Al. C1 [Zhao, Jian; Wang, Cunxi; Wang, Xuemin] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Welti, Ruth] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhao, Jian; Bedair, Mohamed; Sumner, Lloyd W.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73402 USA. [Baxter, Ivan] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, St Louis, MO USA. [Baxter, Ivan; Wang, Xuemin] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO USA. [Wang, Xuemin] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. RP Zhao, J (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM wangxue@umsl.edu RI Sumner, Lloyd/A-3270-2013; Wang, Xuemin/M-2853-2013; Zhao, Jian/M-4237-2014; Baxter, Ivan/A-1052-2009; OI Zhao, Jian/0000-0002-4416-7334; Baxter, Ivan/0000-0001-6680-1722; Welti, Ruth/0000-0003-4373-2538 FU National Science Foundation [IOS 0818740, CMB 0922879, EPS 0236913, MCB 0920663, DBI 0521587]; USDA [2007-35318-18393]; Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation; K-IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE) of National Institute of Health [P20RR16475]; Kansas State University FX The work was supported by grants from National Science Foundation (IOS 0818740; CMB 0922879) and USDA (2007-35318-18393). Equipment acquisition and method development at the Kansas Lipidomics Research Center were funded by National Science Foundation (EPS 0236913, MCB 0920663, DBI 0521587), Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation, K-IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (INBRE) of National Institute of Health (P20RR16475), and Kansas State University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 7 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 AR e28086 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028086 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 863KK UT WOS:000298161900012 PM 22163277 ER PT J AU Gao, SS Qin, TY Liu, ZZ Caceres, MA Ronchi, CF Chen, CYO Yeum, KJ Taylor, A Blumberg, JB Liu, YZ Shang, F AF Gao, Shasha Qin, Tingyu Liu, Zhenzhen Caceres, Maria Andrea Ronchi, Carlos F. Chen, C-Y. Oliver Yeum, Kyung-jin Taylor, Allen Blumberg, Jeffery B. Liu, Yizhi Shang, Fu TI Lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation reduces H2O2-induced oxidative damage in human lens epithelial cells SO MOLECULAR VISION LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; VITAMIN-E; AQUEOUS-HUMOR; IN-VITRO; RADIOISOTOPIC DETERMINATION; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; NUCLEAR CATARACT; BLOOD-CELLS; COMET ASSAY AB Purpose: Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin is inversely related to the risk for senile cataract. The objectives of this work were to investigate the mechanisms by which these nutrients provide anti-cataract effects. We evaluated their modulation of oxidative damage in human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) and their interaction with intracellular glutathione (GSH). Methods: Subconfluent HLEC were pre-incubated with or without 5 mu M lutein, zeaxanthin, or alpha-tocopherol for 48 h and then exposed to 100 mu M H2O2 for 1 h. Levels of protein carbonyls in the cells were measured by western-blotting analysis following reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were measured by an HPLC system. DNA damage was assessed using comet assays. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. Results: In the absence of H2O2, HLEC had very low levels of protein carbonyl and MDA. Supplementation with lutein, zeaxanthin, or alpha-tocopherol to the unstressed HLEC had no detectable effects on levels of oxidized proteins and lipid in the cells. Exposure of HLEC to H2O2 significantly increased levels of oxidized proteins, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. Pre-incubation with lutein, zeaxanthin, or alpha-tocopherol dramatically reduced the levels of H2O2-induced protein carbonyl, MDA, and DNA damage in HLEC. The protective effects of lutein, zeaxanthin, and alpha-tocopherol against protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage were comparable. Supplementation with lutein, zeaxanthin, or alpha-tocopherol increased GSH levels and GSH: GSSG ratio, particularly in response to oxidative stress. Depletion of GSH resulted in significant increase in susceptibility to H2O2-induced cell death. Supplementation with alpha-tocopherol, but not lutein or zeaxanthin, can partially restore the resistance of GSH-depleted cells to H2O2. Conclusions: These data indicate that lutein or zeaxanthin supplementation protects lens protein, lipid, and DNA from oxidative damage and improves intracellular redox status upon oxidative stress. The protective effects are comparable to that of alpha-tocopherol, except that lutein and zeaxanthin cannot compensate for GSH depletion. The data imply that sufficient intake of lutein and zeaxanthin may reduce the risk for senile cataract via protecting the lens from oxidative damage. C1 [Gao, Shasha; Qin, Tingyu; Liu, Zhenzhen; Caceres, Maria Andrea; Ronchi, Carlos F.; Chen, C-Y. Oliver; Yeum, Kyung-jin; Taylor, Allen; Blumberg, Jeffery B.; Shang, Fu] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gao, Shasha; Liu, Zhenzhen; Liu, Yizhi] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Zhongshan Ophthalm Ctr, State Key Lab Ophthalmol, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fu.shang@tufts.edu FU NIH [EY 011717, EY 13250]; USDA AFRI [2009-35200-05014]; USDA [1950-510000-060-01A]; Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program [10C32060277]; Dennis L. Gierhart Charitable Gift Fund FX This work is supported by NIH grants EY 011717, EY 13250, USDA AFRI Award 2009-35200-05014, USDA contract 1950-510000-060-01A, Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program 10C32060277, and Dennis L. Gierhart Charitable Gift Fund. NR 53 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 9 PU MOLECULAR VISION PI ATLANTA PA C/O JEFF BOATRIGHT, LAB B, 5500 EMORY EYE CENTER, 1327 CLIFTON RD, N E, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA SN 1090-0535 J9 MOL VIS JI Mol. Vis. PD DEC 7 PY 2011 VL 17 IS 342-43 BP 3180 EP 3190 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ophthalmology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ophthalmology GA 871KL UT WOS:000298736900002 PM 22194644 ER PT J AU Mihalcik, DJ Boateng, AA Mullen, CA Goldberg, NM AF Mihalcik, David J. Boateng, Akwasi A. Mullen, Charles A. Goldberg, Neil M. TI Packed-Bed Catalytic Cracking of Oak-Derived Pyrolytic Vapors SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS PYROLYSIS; BIO-OIL AB Catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapors derived from oak was carried out using a fixed-bed catalytic column at 425 degrees C. The vapors were drawn by splitting a fraction from the full stream of vapors produced at 500 degrees C in a 5 kg/h bench-scale fast pyrolysis reactor system downstream from the cyclone separator. The placement of the fixed-bed column was varied within the condenser train to determine the effect of temperature, residual water, solids, and oxygenated components of the approach vapor stream on the upgraded product quality. The upgraded liquid was collected by immediate contact with a dry ice acetone bath, complimented by a secondary collection system comprised of a methanol spray condenser. Quantitative gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis of the recovered liquid showed a substantial decrease of oxygen-containing species with a significant increase in carbon-rich (>= C(6)) aromatic hydrocarbons. The extent of deoxygenation was location-specific and dependent upon temperature and the relative concentrations of water, oxygenates, and residual solids in the approach vapor. The study provides the engineering practicality to catalytic vapor upgrading and offers the necessary data for the design and optimization of a full-stream upgrading of pyrolysis oils via in situ vapor cracking. C1 [Mihalcik, David J.; Boateng, Akwasi A.; Mullen, Charles A.; Goldberg, Neil M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service through the Administrator Funded Research Associate FX D.J.M. thanks the Agricultural Research Service for partial funding through the Administrator Funded Research Associate Program. We would like to thank UOP, a Honeywell Company, for providing the catalysts in this study. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD DEC 7 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 23 BP 13304 EP 13312 DI 10.1021/ie201831e PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 853SH UT WOS:000297445500046 ER PT J AU Conlan, AJK Line, JE Hiett, K Coward, C Van Diemen, PM Stevens, MP Jones, MA Gog, JR Maskell, DJ AF Conlan, Andrew J. K. Line, John E. Hiett, Kelli Coward, Chris Van Diemen, Pauline M. Stevens, Mark P. Jones, Michael A. Gog, Julia R. Maskell, Duncan J. TI Transmission and dose-response experiments for social animals: a reappraisal of the colonization biology of Campylobacter jejuni in chickens SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE LA English DT Article DE dose response; transmission; Campylobacter jejuni ID AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUS; BROILER-CHICKENS; INDEPENDENT-ACTION; MODELS; INFECTIVITY; SPP.; SALMONELLA; HYPOTHESIS; ANTIBODIES; FLAGELLIN AB Dose-response experiments characterize the relationship between infectious agents and their hosts. These experiments are routinely used to estimate the minimum effective infectious dose for an infectious agent, which is most commonly characterized by the dose at which 50 per cent of challenged hosts become infected-the ID(50). In turn, the ID(50) is often used to compare between different agents and quantify the effect of treatment regimes. The statistical analysis of dose-response data typically makes the assumption that hosts within a given dose group are independent. For social animals, in particular avian species, hosts are routinely housed together in groups during experimental studies. For experiments with non-infectious agents, this poses no practical or theoretical problems. However, transmission of infectious agents between co-housed animals will modify the observed dose-response relationship with implications for the estimation of the ID(50) and the comparison between different agents and treatments. We derive a simple correction to the likelihood for standard dose-response models that allows us to estimate dose-response and transmission parameters simultaneously. We use this model to show that: transmission between co-housed animals reduces the apparent value of the ID(50) and increases the variability between replicates leading to a distinctive all-or-nothing response; in terms of the total number of animals used, individual housing is always the most efficient experimental design for ascertaining dose-response relationships; estimates of transmission from previously published experimental data for Campylobacter spp. in chickens suggest that considerable transmission occurred, greatly increasing the uncertainty in the estimates of dose-response parameters reported in the literature. Furthermore, we demonstrate that accounting for transmission in the analysis of dose-response data for Campylobacter spp. challenges our current understanding of the differing response of chickens with respect to host-age and in vivo passage of bacteria. Our findings suggest that the age-dependence of transmissibility between hosts-rather than their susceptibility to colonization-is the mechanism behind the 'lag-phase' reported in commercial flocks, which are typically found to be Campylobacter free for the first 14-21 days of life. C1 [Conlan, Andrew J. K.; Coward, Chris; Maskell, Duncan J.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Infect Dis Consortium, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge, England. [Conlan, Andrew J. K.; Gog, Julia R.] Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, Cambridge, England. [Line, John E.; Hiett, Kelli] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. [Van Diemen, Pauline M.; Stevens, Mark P.] Inst Anim Hlth, Compton, England. [Jones, Michael A.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Vet Med & Sci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Conlan, AJK (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Infect Dis Consortium, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge, England. EM a.j.k.conlan@damtp.cam.ac.uk RI Jones, Michael/G-9945-2011; Institute, Pirbright/K-4476-2014; OI Jones, Michael/0000-0003-3918-6773 FU DEFRA [PU/T/WL/07/46 - SE3230]; Veterinary Laboratories Agency; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/Defra Government [BB/500852/1, BB/500936/1] FX A.J.K.C. is funded by DEFRA grant PU/T/WL/07/46 - SE3230, sponsored by the Veterinary Laboratories Agency. This research was developed during an earlier project funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/Defra Government Partnership Award, grants BB/500852/1 and BB/500936/1. A.J.K.C. thanks CIDC and the Disease Dynamics Group of DAMTP, Cambridge for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 16 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1742-5689 J9 J R SOC INTERFACE JI J. R. Soc. Interface PD DEC 7 PY 2011 VL 8 IS 65 BP 1720 EP 1735 DI 10.1098/rsif.2011.0125 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 842FK UT WOS:000296578400005 PM 21593028 ER PT J AU Rehmani, MIA Zhang, JQ Li, GH Ata-Ul-Karim, ST Wang, SH Kimball, BA Yan, C Liu, ZH Ding, YF AF Rehmani, Muhammad Ishaq Asif Zhang, Jingqi Li, Ganghua Ata-Ul-Karim, Syed Tahir Wang, Shaohua Kimball, Bruce A. Yan, Chuan Liu, Zhenghui Ding, Yanfeng TI Simulation of future global warming scenarios in rice paddies with an open-field warming facility SO PLANT METHODS LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem warming; climate change; canopy temperature; global change; infrared heating; plant-climate interactions; rice; Yangtze River valley ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; NIGHT TEMPERATURE; INFRARED HEATER; SPIKELET STERILITY; AIR-TEMPERATURE; SPRING WHEAT; ECOSYSTEM; CLIMATE; IMPACT AB To simulate expected future global warming, hexagonal arrays of infrared heaters have previously been used to warm open-field canopies of upland crops such as wheat. Through the use of concrete-anchored posts, improved software, overhead wires, extensive grounding, and monitoring with a thermal camera, the technology was safely and reliably extended to paddy rice fields. The system maintained canopy temperature increases within 0.5 degrees C of daytime and nighttime set-point differences of 1.3 and 2.7 degrees C 67% of the time. C1 [Rehmani, Muhammad Ishaq Asif; Zhang, Jingqi; Li, Ganghua; Ata-Ul-Karim, Syed Tahir; Wang, Shaohua; Yan, Chuan; Liu, Zhenghui; Ding, Yanfeng] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Rehmani, Muhammad Ishaq Asif; Zhang, Jingqi; Li, Ganghua; Wang, Shaohua; Yan, Chuan; Liu, Zhenghui; Ding, Yanfeng] Minist Agr, Key Lab Crop Physiol & Ecol So China, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Kimball, Bruce A.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Yan, Chuan] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop & Nucl Technol Utilizat, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Ding, YF (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM dingyf@njau.edu.cn RI Rehmani, Muhammad Ishaq Asif/E-7035-2011; OI Rehmani, Muhammad Ishaq Asif/0000-0001-7922-1233; Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim, Syed/0000-0001-5233-4502 FU Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan; Special fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest: Impact of climate change on agricultural production of China [200903003]; The Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China [KYT201005]; The National Key Technology Support Program of China [2011BAD16B14] FX The authors thank the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan for funding a scholarship to MIAR during his studies for the Ph.D. degree. This work was funded in part by grants from Special fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest: Impact of climate change on agricultural production of China, (Project No. 200903003), The Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China (Project No. KYT201005) and The National Key Technology Support Program of China (Project No. 2011BAD16B14). We would also like to thank Mr. Yongjun Yao and his team (Beijing Truwel Instruments, Beijing, China) for technical assistance for modifications in the initial site design; Dr. Waseem Raza, Muhammad Ammar Khan (Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China) and Dr. Zulfiqar Ali (University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan & Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, PR China) for revising an early draft of this manuscript; Guangbin Wei, Rashid Mehmood Rana, Hiufeng Ning, Jiangfang Qiao and Ding Chengjiang (Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China) for their help during construction of the FATE facility. The authors greatly appreciate the consistent logistic and technical help from the staff and officials at Jiangning Experimental station, Nanjing and Danyang FATE site, and Danyang Agricultural and Forestry Bureau. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 28 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-4811 J9 PLANT METHODS JI Plant Methods PD DEC 6 PY 2011 VL 7 AR 41 DI 10.1186/1746-4811-7-41 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 894VY UT WOS:000300456700001 PM 22145582 ER PT J AU Hartwig, T Chuck, GS Fujioka, S Klempien, A Weizbauer, R Potluri, DPV Choe, S Johal, GS Schulz, B AF Hartwig, Thomas Chuck, George S. Fujioka, Shozo Klempien, Antje Weizbauer, Renate Potluri, Devi Prasad V. Choe, Sunghwa Johal, Gurmukh S. Schulz, Burkhard TI Brassinosteroid control of sex determination in maize SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE steroid reductase; 5 alpha-steroid reductase; propiconazole; uniconazole ID UNISEXUAL FLOWERS; ARABIDOPSIS; GENE; BIOSYNTHESIS; HORMONE; GROWTH; FATE; MECHANISMS; TASSEL; PLANTS AB Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant hormones that regulate growth and development. They share structural similarities with animal steroids, which are decisive factors of sex determination. BRs are known to regulate morphogenesis and environmental stress responses, but their involvement in sex determination in plants has been only speculative. We show that BRs control sex determination in maize revealed through characterization of the classical dwarf mutant nana plant1 (na1), which also feminizes male flowers. na1 plants carry a loss-of-function mutation in a DET2 homolog-a gene in the BR biosynthetic pathway. The mutant accumulates the DET2-specific substrate (24R)-24-methylcholest-4-en-3-one with a concomitant decrease of downstream BR metabolites. Treatment of wild-type maize plants with BR biosynthesis inhibitors completely mimicked both dwarf and tassel-seed phenotypes of na1 mutants. Tissue-specific na1 expression in anthers throughout their development supports the hypothesis that BRs promote masculinity of the male inflorescence. These findings suggest that, in the monoecious plant maize, BRs have been coopted to perform a sex determination function not found in plants with bisexual flowers. C1 [Hartwig, Thomas; Klempien, Antje; Weizbauer, Renate; Schulz, Burkhard] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Johal, Gurmukh S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chuck, George S.] ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Chuck, George S.] Univ Calif, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Fujioka, Shozo] RIKEN, Adv Sci Inst, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Potluri, Devi Prasad V.] Chicago State Univ, Dept Biol, Chicago, IL 60628 USA. [Choe, Sunghwa] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Seoul 151747, South Korea. RP Schulz, B (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM bschulz@purdue.edu RI Choe, Sunghwa/K-5650-2013 OI Choe, Sunghwa/0000-0001-5541-484X FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) [19380069, 23380066]; Rural Development Administration (Republic of Korea) [PJ906910]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2010-65116-20483]; National Science Foundation [1054918]; Purdue College of Agriculture; Bilsland Dissertation Fellowship FX We thank H. Maeda, C. Y. Yoo, R. R. Altstatt, and C. Kish for critical reading of the manuscript; S. Takatsuto for deuterium-labeled internal standards; R. Latin for PCZ; R. Eddy, J. Beatty, and their coworkers for help with plant cultivation; D. Petros, N. B. Best, J. S. Budka, A. Maselli, W. S. Peters, and S. Chintamanani for technical assistance; M. G. Neuffer and M. Sachs for technical advice; and the Maize COOP for providing material. This work was supported by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) 19380069 and 23380066 (to S.F.); Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Rural Development Administration (Republic of Korea) Grant PJ906910 (to S.C.); Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant 2010-65116-20483 (to G.S.C.); National Science Foundation CAREER Integrative Organismal Systems Grant 1054918 (to B.S.); and Purdue College of Agriculture Start-Up Funds (G.S.J. and B.S.). R.W. was supported by a Bilsland Dissertation Fellowship. NR 50 TC 57 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 61 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 6 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 49 BP 19814 EP 19819 DI 10.1073/pnas.1108359108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 856ZQ UT WOS:000297683800076 PM 22106275 ER PT J AU Wada, S Reed, BM AF Wada, Sugae Reed, Barbara M. TI Standardizing germination protocols for diverse raspberry and blackberry species SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Blackberry; Raspberry; Scarification; Smoke; Seed coat; Tetrazolium testing ID SEED-GERMINATION; ABSCISIC-ACID; RUBUS; SMOKE; DORMANCY; GIBBERELLIN; LIGHT; MECHANISM; GERMPLASM; FLORA AB Most blackberry and raspberry (Rubus) seed exhibit delayed or poor germination because of a deep double dormancy. The objective of this study was to improve seed scarification and germination protocols for the diverse Rubus species in two subgenera often used for breeding improved cultivars. We also defined the germination potential of freshly collected seed and the seed characteristics of 17 Rubus species in three subgenera. Only four 01 17 species had >= 50% germination of immediately-germinated, non-scarified seed, indicating primary seed dormancy. Seed-coat thickness was better correlated with seed size (R = 0.82) than was hardness (R = 0.71). Dry seed of three species each in the subg. ldaeobatus and Rubus were scarified with concentrated sulfuric acid (98% H2SO4) or sodium hypochlorite (14% NaOCl) followed by germination treatments of deionized water (DI), smoke gas solution, gibberellic acid (2.03 mg/L GA(3)) with potassium nitrate (34 mg/L KNO3) or GA3 alone. Germination after H2SO4 scarification was significantly better than NaOCl for four of the six species despite equal reduction in the seed coat by the scarification treatments. H2SO4-scarified seed had maximum germination in 6-8 months compared to 12 months for NaOCl-scarified seed. Scarification treatments were not uniform for the subgenera. Increased H2SO4 scarification durations monitored by viability testing with 2,3,5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TZ) were very effective in determining optimal scarification timing. R. georgicus and R. occidentalis H2SO4-scarified seed treated with GA(3) + KNO3 or smoke germinated significantly better than the other treatments; GA(3) + KNO3, smoke and DI water were equally effective for the other four species. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Reed, Barbara M.] USDA ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Wada, Sugae] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Reed, BM (reprint author), USDA ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM wadas@hort.oregonstate.edu; Barbara.Reed@ars.usda.gov OI Reed, Barbara/0000-0003-0079-8473 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5358-21000-038-00D] FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5358-21000-038-00D. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This research was part of a Ph.D. dissertation by Sugae Wada at Oregon State University. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD DEC 5 PY 2011 VL 132 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2011.10.002 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 868PE UT WOS:000298534400007 ER PT J AU Xu, ZL Wang, Q Lei, HT Eremin, SA Shen, YD Wang, H Beier, RC Yang, JY Maksimova, KA Sun, YM AF Xu, Zhen-Lin Wang, Qiang Lei, Hong-Tao Eremin, Sergei A. Shen, Yu-Dong Wang, Hong Beier, Ross C. Yang, Jin-Yi Maksimova, Ksenia A. Sun, Yuan-Ming TI A simple, rapid and high-throughput fluorescence polarization immunoassay for simultaneous detection of organophosphorus pesticides in vegetable and environmental water samples SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Fluorescent polarization immunoassay; Organophosphorus pesticides; Monoclonal antibody; High-throughput ID BROAD-SPECIFICITY IMMUNOASSAY; INHIBITION-BASED BIOSENSORS; WEIGHT FOOD CONTAMINANTS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; PARATHION-METHYL; HAPTEN; ELISA; ASSAY; FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY; SENSITIVITY AB A simple, rapid and high-throughput fluorescent polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for simultaneous determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) using a broad-specificity monoclonal antibody was developed. The effects of tracer structure, tracer concentration, antibody dilution, methanol content and matrix effect on FPIA performance were studied. The FPIA can detect 5 OPs simultaneously with a limit of detection below 10 ng mL(-1). The time required for the equilibrium of antibody-antigen interaction was less than 10 min. The recovery from spiked vegetable and environmental samples ranged from 71.3% to 126.8%, with the coefficient of variations ranging from 3.5% to 14.5%. The developed FPIA was applied to samples, followed by confirmation with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The developed FPIA demonstrated good accuracy and reproducibility, and is suitable for rapid and high-throughput screening for OP contamination with high-efficiency and low cost. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Zhen-Lin; Wang, Qiang; Lei, Hong-Tao; Shen, Yu-Dong; Wang, Hong; Yang, Jin-Yi; Sun, Yuan-Ming] S China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Eremin, Sergei A.; Maksimova, Ksenia A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Sun, YM (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM ymsun@scau.edu.cn RI Lei, Hongtao/A-2532-2014 FU NSFC of China [30901005]; NSFC-RFBR [21010206, 11-04-91189]; Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China [201003008-08]; Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China [2009A020101004, cgzhzd0808] FX This work was supported by the NSFC of China (30901005) and the NSFC-RFBR Joint Grant (21010206, 11-04-91189), the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201003008-08) and the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (2009A020101004 and cgzhzd0808). NR 32 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 8 U2 99 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD DEC 5 PY 2011 VL 708 IS 1-2 BP 123 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2011.09.040 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 861OP UT WOS:000298029400017 PM 22093354 ER PT J AU Liu, CK Latona, NP Ramos, M AF Liu, Cheng-Kung Latona, Nicholas P. Ramos, Mila TI Effects of Alpha-Tocopherol Addition to Polymeric Coatings on the UV and Heat Resistance of a Fibrous Collagen Material-Chrome-Free Leather SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE collagen fibers; leather; antioxidants; fibrous materials; mechanical properties ID TANNED LEATHER; BEHAVIOR; ENERGY AB The US is the world's 3rd largest hide producing country and currently produces approximately 35 million cattle hides annually. The majority of hides are tanned into leather, which is composed of collagen fibers interwoven into fibrous networks. Most leather products are constantly exposed to outdoor environments, therefore UV and heat resistance are very important qualities, particularly for nonchrome-tanned (chrome-free) leather. In recent years, we have focused on using environmentally friendly antioxidants that will improve the UV and heat resistance of chrome-free leather. Tocopherols are well-known antioxidants commonly used in the cosmetic and food industries. They are known as potent free radical scavengers and highly protective agents for collagen fibers against UV damage. We have investigated their potential to improve the UV and heat resistance of chrome-free leather. Experiments were conducted by adding 5-12% alpha-tocopherol to the polymeric topcoat on the grain of chrome-free leather. The treated samples were tested in a weatherometer, where they were exposed to artificial sunlight. Colorfastness and mechanical property tests showed that alpha-tocopherol significantly improved UV and heat resistance of leather. Dynamic mechanical tests showed that alpha-tocopherol reduced the hardening effects on leather caused by UV irradiation. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 3086-3091, 2011 C1 [Liu, Cheng-Kung; Latona, Nicholas P.; Ramos, Mila] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liu, CK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM chengkung.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD DEC 5 PY 2011 VL 122 IS 5 BP 3086 EP 3091 DI 10.1002/app.34129 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 828XR UT WOS:000295538600029 ER PT J AU Ayrilmis, N Benthien, JT Thoemen, H White, RH AF Ayrilmis, Nadir Benthien, Jan T. Thoemen, Heiko White, Robert H. TI Properties of Flat-Pressed Wood Plastic Composites Containing Fire Retardants SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cone calorimetry; fire retardant; heat release rate; hot press molding; polypropylene; strength; water resistance; wood plastic composite; WPC panel ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM-HYDROXIDE; DIMENSIONAL STABILITY; THERMAL-DEGRADATION; POLYPROPYLENE; FIBERBOARD; STRANDBOARD; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR AB This study investigated physical, mechanical, and fire properties of the flat-pressed wood plastic composites (WPCs) incorporated with various fire retardants (FRs) [5 or 15% by weight (wt)] at 50 wt % of the wood flour (WF). The WPC panels were made from dry-blended WF, polypropylene (PP) with maleic anhydride-grafted PP (2 wt %), and FR powder formulations using a conventional flat-pressing process under laboratory conditions. The water resistance and strength values of the WPC panels were negatively affected by increasing the FR content as compared to the WPC panels without FR. The WPC panels incorporated with zinc borate (ZB) gave an overall best performance in both water resistance and strength values followed by the panels containing magnesium hydroxide (MH) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). For these three FR's, the best fire resistance as measured in the cone calorimeter was obtained with the 15 wt % APP treatment and then followed by 15 wt % ZB, or 15 wt % MH formulations. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 3201-3210, 2011 C1 [Ayrilmis, Nadir] Istanbul Univ, Dept Wood Mech & Technol, Fac Forestry, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. [Benthien, Jan T.] Univ Hamburg, Dept Wood Sci, D-21031 Hamburg, Germany. [Thoemen, Heiko] Bern Univ Appl Sci, Dept Architecture Wood & Civil Engn, CH-2500 Biel 6, Switzerland. [White, Robert H.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Ayrilmis, N (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Dept Wood Mech & Technol, Fac Forestry, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. EM nadiray@istanbul.edu.tr RI Ayrilmis, Nadir/F-1573-2015 FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak); Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (Germany); Agency for Renewable Resources (FNR), United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI FX Contract grant sponsors: The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak), The Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (Germany), The Agency for Renewable Resources (FNR), United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD DEC 5 PY 2011 VL 122 IS 5 BP 3201 EP 3210 DI 10.1002/app.34346 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 828XR UT WOS:000295538600041 ER PT J AU Oliveira, JE Moraes, EA Costa, RGF Afonso, AS Mattoso, LHC Orts, WJ Medeiros, ES AF Oliveira, Juliano E. Moraes, Eduardo A. Costa, Rodrigo G. F. Afonso, Andre S. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. Orts, William J. Medeiros, Eliton S. TI Nano and Submicrometric Fibers of Poly(D,L-Lactide) Obtained by Solution Blow Spinning: Process and Solution Variables SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nanofiber; imaging; nanotechnology; biodegradable; biofibers ID RESPONSE-SURFACE METHODOLOGY; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; POLY(LACTIC ACID); POLY(L-LACTIC ACID); PROCESS OPTIMIZATION; NANOCOMPOSITE FIBERS; NANOFIBER MEMBRANES; POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; ELECTROSPUN; RELEASE AB Nano and submicrometric fibers of poly(D, L-lactide) (PDLLA or PLA) were spun from solutions using a solution blow spinning (SBS) apparatus. Fiber morphology and diameter were investigated by scanning electron microscopy as a function of polymer concentration, feed rate, and air pressure. A more systematic understanding of the SBS process parameters was obtained, and a quantitative relationship between these parameters and average fiber diameter was established by design of experiments and response surface methodology. It was observed that polymer concentration played an important role in fiber diameter, which ranges from 70 to 2000 nm, and its distribution. Lower polymer concentration tended to increase the formation of bead-on-string structures, whereas smooth fibers were formed at higher concentrations. Fiber diameter tended to increase with polymer concentration and decrease with feed rate. Based on these results, optimal conditions could be obtained for solution-blow spun fibers. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 3396-3405, 2011 C1 [Medeiros, Eliton S.] Univ Fed Paraiba UFPB, Dept Engn Mat DEMAT, BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. [Oliveira, Juliano E.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos UFSCAR, Dept Engn Mat DEMA, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Oliveira, Juliano E.; Moraes, Eduardo A.; Costa, Rodrigo G. F.; Afonso, Andre S.; Mattoso, Luiz H. C.] Embrapa Instrumentacao Agropecuaria CNPDIA, LNNA, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Moraes, Eduardo A.; Costa, Rodrigo G. F.; Afonso, Andre S.] Univ Fed Paraiba UFPB, Dept Quim, BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. [Orts, William J.] Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Medeiros, ES (reprint author), Univ Fed Paraiba UFPB, Dept Engn Mat DEMAT, Cidade Univ, BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. EM eliton@ct.ufpb.br RI Santiago Afonso, Andre/D-4561-2012; Medeiros, Eliton/C-5768-2013; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014 FU MCT/FINEP; CNPQ; CAPES; EMBRAPA/LABEX FX Contract grant sponsors: MCT/FINEP, CNPQ, CAPES, and EMBRAPA/LABEX. NR 55 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 6 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD DEC 5 PY 2011 VL 122 IS 5 BP 3396 EP 3405 DI 10.1002/app.34410 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 828XR UT WOS:000295538600063 ER PT J AU Nakano, H Cantrell, CL Mamonov, LK Osbrink, WLA Ross, SA AF Nakano, Hiroshi Cantrell, Charles L. Mamonov, Leonid K. Osbrink, Weste L. A. Ross, Samir A. TI Echinopsacetylenes A and B, New Thiophenes from Echinops transiliensis SO ORGANIC LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Two new polyacetylene thiophenes, echinopsacetylenes A and B (1 and 2), were Isolated from the roots of Echinops transiliensis. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and chemical transformations. Echinopsacetylenes A (1) Is the first natural product possessing an cc-terthienyl moiety covalently linked with another thiophene moiety. Echinopsacetylenes 8 (2) is the first natural thiophene conjugated with a fatty acid moiety. Echinopsacetylene A (1) showed toxicity against the Formosoan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus). C1 [Nakano, Hiroshi] NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agr Res Ctr, Fukuoka 8330041, Japan. [Nakano, Hiroshi; Cantrell, Charles L.] Univ Mississippi, USDA, ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Mamonov, Leonid K.] Inst Plant Biol & Biotechnol, Alma Ata 05040, Kazakhstan. [Osbrink, Weste L. A.] USDA, ARS, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Ross, Samir A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Ross, Samir A.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmacol, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Nakano, H (reprint author), NARO Kyushu Okinawa Agr Res Ctr, 496 lzumi, Fukuoka 8330041, Japan. EM nakanohr@affrc.go.jp FU International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) [K1896] FX The authors thank Mr. Solomon Green III, Ms. Amber Reichley, and Mr. Jeffery B. Cannon, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA-ARS, for technical assistance. Financial support in part from the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) project K1896 is greatly appreciated. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1523-7060 J9 ORG LETT JI Org. Lett. PD DEC 2 PY 2011 VL 13 IS 23 BP 6228 EP 6231 DI 10.1021/ol202680a PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 851MJ UT WOS:000297274700024 PM 22066834 ER PT J AU Bin-Umer, MA McLaughlin, JE Basu, D McCormick, S Tumer, NE AF Bin-Umer, Mohamed Anwar McLaughlin, John E. Basu, Debaleena McCormick, Susan Tumer, Nilgun E. TI Trichothecene Mycotoxins Inhibit Mitochondrial Translation-Implication for the Mechanism of Toxicity SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE trichothecenes; deoxynivalenol; T-2 toxin; diacetoxyscirpenol; Fusarium; mitochondria; ribosomes; translation; fusion; Fission; ROS ID YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; EUKARYOTIC PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; RIBOTOXIC STRESS-RESPONSE; 28S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; T-2 TOXIN; CELL-DEATH; FUNGAL TOXINS; APOPTOSIS; DEOXYNIVALENOL; PATHWAY AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) reduces crop yield and results in contamination of grains with trichothecene mycotoxins. We previously showed that mitochondria play a critical role in the toxicity of a type B trichothecene. Here, we investigated the direct effects of type A and type B trichothecenes on mitochondrial translation and membrane integrity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sensitivity to trichothecenes increased when functional mitochondria were required for growth, and trichothecenes inhibited mitochondrial translation at concentrations, which did not inhibit total translation. In organello translation in isolated mitochondria was inhibited by type A and B trichothecenes, demonstrating that these toxins have a direct effect on mitochondrial translation. In intact yeast cells trichothecenes showed dose-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species, but only at doses higher than those affecting mitochondrial translation. These results demonstrate that inhibition of mitochondrial translation is a primary target of trichothecenes and is not secondary to the disruption of mitochondrial membranes. C1 [Bin-Umer, Mohamed Anwar; McLaughlin, John E.; Basu, Debaleena; Tumer, Nilgun E.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [McCormick, Susan] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Tumer, NE (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM binumer@rutgers.edu; mclaughj@rci.rutgers.edu; debabasu@eden.rutgers.edu; susan.mccormick@ars.usda.gov; tumer@aesop.rutgers.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [59-0790-6-069]; United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative FX This is a cooperative project No. 59-0790-6-069 supported by the United States Department of Agriculture in cooperation with the United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. We thank Jennifer Nielsen Kahn and Kerrie May for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 19 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 12 BP 1484 EP 1501 DI 10.3390/toxins3121484 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995BD UT WOS:000307980500001 PM 22295173 ER PT J AU Gaines, KF Summers, JW Cumbee, JC Stephens, WL Mills, GL AF Gaines, Karen F. Summers, Jay W. Cumbee, James C., Jr. Stephens, Warren L., Jr. Mills, Gary L. TI Is the LCP Superfund Site an Ecological Trap for Clapper Rails? SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED SALT-MARSH; COASTAL GEORGIA; EXPOSURE; POLLUTANTS; SELECTION; FEATHERS; MERCURY; SYSTEM; PCBS AB Rallus longirostris (Clapper Rail) is considered a good indicator species for toxicants because of its strong site fidelity and predictable diet of benthic organisms. High levels of the rare PCB Aroclor 1268 have been found in Clapper Rail adults, chicks, and eggs from the marshes associated with the Linden Chemical Plant (LCP) in Brunswick, GA. Recently, sampling and testing feathers has successfully been used as a non-lethal tool to trace exposure and assimilation of Aroclor 1268 in rails from the LCP site. This approach allows us to infer how and when these birds are exposed to contaminants in the marsh due to predictable molting patterns coupled with the fact that a feather will accumulate the toxicant only at the time it is grown. This study is the start of a process to investigate the possibility that this ecosystem contamination is the foundation of an ecological trap for Clapper Rails at the LCP site. Aroclor 1268 was isolated in Clapper Rail feathers from all birds collected from the contaminated marsh. This finding suggests that these birds either hatched or resided in this system the previous year and thus were not new recruits, which would be expected if fitness was being compromised from the contamination. Based on samples taken during the same fall and winter from the LCP site and control areas, the ratios of hatch-year (HY) birds to adults were similar. However, based on samples taken during the spring and summer, the ratios of HY birds to adults from LCP were lower than reported previously in studies in the southeast. This result suggests that the population age structure may have been affected by the contamination. Future studies specifically focused on reproductive success and fitness are needed at LCP and throughout the Brunswick estuary. C1 [Gaines, Karen F.; Summers, Jay W.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. [Cumbee, James C., Jr.] USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Stephens, Warren L., Jr.; Mills, Gary L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. RP Gaines, KF (reprint author), Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. EM kfgaines@eiu.edu FU US Fish and Wildlife Service, Brunswick, GA; Environmental Remediation Sciences Division of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy [DE-FC09-96-SR18546] FX We followed an animal welfare protocol approved by the University of Georgia Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (A960205). We thank Eric Bollinger, Susan McRae, and 2 anonymous reviewers for critical review. We thank Greg Masson and Keith Hastie with the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Brunswick, GA for their support with this project. We thank Noelle Garvin for laboratory and field support. This research was also supported by the Environmental Remediation Sciences Division of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy, through Financial Assistance Award No. DE-FC09-96-SR18546 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 10 IS 4 BP 703 EP 712 DI 10.1656/058.010.0409 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976TI UT WOS:000306607500009 ER PT J AU Mastro, LL AF Mastro, Lauren L. TI Life History and Ecology of Coyotes in the Mid-Atlantic States: A Summary of the Scientific Literature SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID CANIS-LATRANS; EASTERN COYOTES; HOME-RANGE; NORTHEASTERN COYOTES; HABITAT USE; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; COLONIZATION HISTORY; MOVEMENTS; WOLVES; SURVIVAL AB Relatively little information has been published on Coyotes in the eastern United States, particularly in the mid-Atlantic region, the last area of the contiguous US to be colonized by Coyotes. Increases in eastern Coyote distribution and abundance have been documented, and concerns about their impact on wildlife and livestock are growing. Information from published and unpublished manuscripts, theses, dissertations, and state wildlife agency records in the mid-Atlantic region were examined and synthesized. This review provides a comprehensive summary of Coyote ecology in the mid-Atlantic for natural resource managers and researchers. C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Logan Field Stn, Elkins, WV 26241 USA. RP Mastro, LL (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Logan Field Stn, 730 Yokum St, Elkins, WV 26241 USA. EM Lauren.L.Mastro@aphis.usda.gov NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 33 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 10 IS 4 BP 721 EP 730 DI 10.1656/058.010.0411 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976TI UT WOS:000306607500011 ER PT J AU Marcus, GH AF Marcus, Gail H. TI nuclear power after Fukushima SO MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 [Marcus, Gail H.] Nucl Energy Agcy, Paris, France. [Marcus, Gail H.] USDA, Off Nucl Energy Sci & Technol, Washington, DC USA. [Marcus, Gail H.] Amer Nucl Soc, La Grange Pk, IL USA. [Marcus, Gail H.] Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, Engn Sect, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0025-6501 J9 MECH ENG JI Mech. Eng. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 133 IS 12 BP 26 EP 29 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 981RE UT WOS:000306986300022 ER PT J AU Andersen, HE Strunk, J Temesgen, H Atwood, D Winterberger, K AF Andersen, Hans-Erik Strunk, Jacob Temesgen, Hailemariam Atwood, Donald Winterberger, Ken TI Using multilevel remote sensing and ground data to estimate forest biomass resources in remote regions: a case study in the boreal forests of interior Alaska SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; SATELLITE IMAGERY; DIFFERENTIAL GPS; POINT ACCURACY; TANANA VALLEY; LIDAR; INVENTORIES; ATTRIBUTES; VARIABLES; ECOSYSTEM AB The emergence of a new generation of remote sensing and geopositioning technologies, as well as increased capabilities in image processing, computing, and inferential techniques, have enabled the development and implementation of increasingly efficient and cost-effective multilevel sampling designs for forest inventory. In this paper, we (i) describe the conceptual basis of multilevel sampling, (ii) provide a detailed review of several previously implemented multilevel inventory designs, (iii) describe several important technical considerations that can influence the efficiency of a multilevel sampling design, and (iv) demonstrate the application of a modern multilevel sampling approach for estimating the forest biomass resources in a remote area of interior Alaska. This approach utilized a combination of ground plots, lidar strip sampling, satellite imagery (multispectral and radar), and classified land cover information. The variability in the total biomass estimate was assessed using a bootstrapping approach. The results indicated only marginal improvement in the precision of the total biomass estimate when the lidar sample was post-stratified using the classified land cover layer (reduction in relative standard error from 7.3% to 7.0%), whereas there was a substantial improvement in the precision when the estimate was based on the biomass map derived via nearest-neighbor imputation (reduction in relative standard error from 7.3% to 5.1%). C1 [Andersen, Hans-Erik] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Strunk, Jacob; Temesgen, Hailemariam] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Atwood, Donald] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Winterberger, Ken] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Andersen, HE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM handersen@fs.fed.us NR 63 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 37 IS 6 BP 596 EP 611 DI 10.5589/m12-003 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 972XH UT WOS:000306314200003 ER PT J AU Bryant, R Proctor, A Hawkridge, M Jackson, A Yeater, K Counce, P Yan, W McClung, A Fjellstrom, R AF Bryant, R. Proctor, A. Hawkridge, M. Jackson, A. Yeater, K. Counce, P. Yan, W. McClung, A. Fjellstrom, R. TI Genetic variation and association mapping of silica concentration in rice hulls using a germplasm collection SO GENETICA LA English DT Article DE Silica; Association mapping; Germplasm; Grain quality; Oryza sativa ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; BLAST RESISTANCE; CORE COLLECTION; ACCUMULATION; TRANSPORTER; DIVERSITY; DISSECTION; MECHANISM; INFERENCE AB An association analysis on the genetic variability for silica concentration in rice hulls was performed using a "Mini-Core" set of 174 accessions representative of the germplasm diversity found in the USDA world collection of rice. Hull silica concentration was determined in replicated trials conducted in two southern states in the USA and was analyzed for its association with 164 genome-wide DNA markers. Among the accessions, the average silica concentration ranged from 120 to 251 mg g(-1). Ample variation was seen within each of the five sub-populations of rice, as well as the 14 geographic regions that the accessions originated from. There was also an effect due to location and accession x location (G x E) interaction demonstrating the importance of assessing silica concentration across multiple environments. Twelve markers on ten chromosomes were significantly associated with hull silica concentration. Six markers (RM5644, RM5371, RM1335, RM283, RM263, and RM178) corroborated quantitative trait locus for silica concentration identified in other mapping studies. Our results provide germplasm and genetic markers that will assist breeding efforts to develop cultivars that have either high or low hull silica concentration. High silica hulls are good raw material for silica based industrial compounds, while low silica hulls are more biodegradable. C1 [Bryant, R.; Jackson, A.; Yan, W.; McClung, A.; Fjellstrom, R.] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Proctor, A.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Hawkridge, M.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Yeater, K.] USDA ARS, So Plains Area, College Stn, TX 77840 USA. [Counce, P.] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Bryant, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM rolfe.bryant@ars.usda.gov FU NSF FX The authors thank J. Neil Rutger (Research Geneticist, retired) at the Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center for providing seeds of Wells brittle, Heather Howe for technical assistance in silica concentration analysis, Tiffany Sooskaserm, Yao Zhou, Biaolin Hu, Yuemei Huang, Jodie Cammack, Kip Landry, Carl Henry, Jason Bonnette, Piper Roberts, LaDuska Simpson, and Sarah Hendrix for assistance in conducting the field studies, and Melissa Jia for genotyping. The XRD results were generated at the University of Arkansas using the Electron Optics Facility, partly funded by the NSF. NR 60 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-6707 J9 GENETICA JI Genetica PD DEC PY 2011 VL 139 IS 11-12 BP 1383 EP 1398 DI 10.1007/s10709-012-9637-x PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 943PO UT WOS:000304136900003 PM 22403009 ER PT J AU Palti, Y AF Palti, Yniv TI Toll-like receptors in bony fish: From genomics to function SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE TLRs; Fish; Teleost; Innate immunity; Ligand specificity; Phylogenetics; Genomics; Gene duplication ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CARP CYPRINUS-CARPIO; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; NF-KAPPA-B; VIRULENT EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; MINNOW GOBIOCYPRIS-RARUS; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; RAINBOW-TROUT; COMMON CARP; ATLANTIC SALMON AB Receptors that recognize conserved pathogen molecules are the first line of cellular innate immunity defense. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best understood of the innate immune receptors that detect infections in mammals. Key features of the fish TLRs and the factors involved in their signaling cascade have high structural similarity to the mammalian TLR system. However, the fish TLRs also exhibit very distinct features and large diversity which is likely derived from their diverse evolutionary history and the distinct environments that they occupy. Six non-mammalian TLRs were identified in fish. TLR14 shares sequence and structural similarity with TLR1 and 2, and the other five (TLR19, 20, 21, 22 and 23) form a cluster of novel TLRs. TLR4 was lost from the genomes of most fishes, and the TLR4 genes found in zebrafish do not recognize the mammalian agonist LPS and are likely paralogous and not orthologous to mammalian TLR4 genes. TLR6 and 10 are also absent from all fish genomes sequenced to date. Of the at least 16 TLR types identified in fish, direct evidence of ligand specificity has only been shown for TLR2, TLR3, TLR5M, TLR5S and TLR22. The common carp TLR2 was shown to recognize the synthetic triacylated lipopeptide Pam(3)CSK(4) and lipopeptides from gram positive bacteria. The membrane-bound TLR5 (TLR5M) signaling in response to flagellin in rainbow trout is amplified through interaction with the soluble form (TLR5S) in a positive loop feedback. In Fugu, TLR3 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and recognizes relatively short dsRNA, while TLR22 has a surveillance function like the human cell-surface TLR3. Genome and gene duplications have been major contributors to the teleost's rich evolutionary history and genomic diversity. Duplicate or multi-copy TLR genes were identified for TLR3 and 7 in common carp, TLR4b, 5, 8 and 20 in zebrafish, TLR8a in rainbow trout and TLR22 in rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon. The main task for current and near-future fish TLRs research is to develop specificity assays to identify the ligands of all fish TLRs, which will advance comparative immunology research and will contribute to our understanding of disease resistance mechanisms in fish and the development of new adjuvants and/or more effective vaccines and therapeutics. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Palti, Y (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM yniv.palti@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture FX The writing of this review was supported by internal base funds provided by the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 109 TC 135 Z9 144 U1 13 U2 92 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 12 SI SI BP 1263 EP 1272 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2011.03.006 PG 10 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 896BL UT WOS:000300540300010 PM 21414346 ER PT J AU Wiens, GD Glenney, GW AF Wiens, Gregory D. Glenney, Gavin W. TI Origin and evolution of TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tumor necrosis factor superfamily; Evolution; Genome duplication; Teleost ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; FACTOR-ALPHA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; RAINBOW-TROUT; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS AB The tumor necrosis factor superfamily(TNFSF)and the TNF receptor superfamily(TNFRSF) have an ancient evolutionary origin that can be traced back to single copy genes within Arthropods. In humans, 18 TNFSF and 29 TNFRSF genes have been identified. Evolutionary models account for the increase in gene number primarily through multiple whole genome duplication events as well as by lineage and/or species-specific tandem duplication and translocation. The identification and functional analyses of teleost ligands and receptors provide insight into the critical transition between invertebrates and higher vertebrates. Bioinformatic analyses of fish genomes and EST datasets identify 14 distinct ligand groups, some of which are novel to teleosts, while to date, only limited numbers of receptors have been characterized in fish. The most studied ligand is TNF of which teleost species possess between 1 and 3 copies as well as a receptor similar to TNFR1. Functional studies using zebrafish indicate a conserved role of this ligand-receptor system in the regulation of cell survival and resistance to infectious disease. The increasing interest and use of TNFSF and TNFRSF modulators in human and animal medicine underscores the need to understand the evolutionary origins as well as conserved and novel functions of these biologically important molecules. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wiens, Gregory D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Glenney, Gavin W.] NE Fishery Ctr, Fish Hlth Ctr, USFWS, Lamar, PA 16848 USA. RP Wiens, GD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM greg.wiens@ars.usda.gov OI Wiens, Gregory/0000-0002-5478-7780 FU Agricultural Research Service CRIS [1930-32000-005] FX We apologize to all authors that we were not able to cite due to space limitations. This work was supported by Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project 1930-32000-005 "Integrated Approaches for Improving Aquatic Animal Health in Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture". Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 99 TC 46 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 12 SI SI BP 1324 EP 1335 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2011.03.031 PG 12 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 896BL UT WOS:000300540300016 PM 21527275 ER PT J AU Pavade, G Awada, L Hamilton, K Swayne, DE AF Pavade, G. Awada, L. Hamilton, K. Swayne, D. E. TI The influence of economic indicators, poultry density and the performance of Veterinary Services on the control of high-pathogenicity avian influenza in poultry SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza; Control; Economic indicator; Eradication; OECD; OIE PVS tool; Veterinary Services ID H5N1; RISK AB High-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) and low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza (LPNAI) in poultry are notifiable diseases that must be reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). There are variations between countries' responses to avian influenza (AI) outbreak situations based on their economic status, diagnostic capacity and other factors. The objective of this study was to ascertain the significant association between HPAI control data and a country's poultry density, the performance of its Veterinary Services, and its economic indicators (gross domestic product, agricultural gross domestic product, gross national income, human development index and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] status). Results indicate that as poultry density increases for least developed countries there is an increase in the number and duration of HPAI outbreaks and in the time it takes to eradicate the disease. There was no significant correlation between HPAI control and any of the economic indicators except membership of the OECD. Member Countries, i.e. those with high-income economies, transparency and good governance, had shorter and significantly fewer HPAI outbreaks, quicker eradication times, lower mortality rates and higher culling rates than non-OECD countries. Furthermore, countries that had effective and efficient Veterinary Services (as measured by the ratings they achieved when they were assessed using the OIE Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services) had better HPAI control measures. C1 [Pavade, G.; Awada, L.; Hamilton, K.; Swayne, D. E.] World Org Anim Hlth, F-75017 Paris, France. [Swayne, D. E.] ARS, World Org Anim Hlth Collaborating Ctr Res Emergin, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), World Org Anim Hlth, 12 Rue Prony, F-75017 Paris, France. EM david.swayne@ars.usda.goy NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 3 BP 661 EP 671 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 894YA UT WOS:000300462200002 PM 22435180 ER PT J AU Swayne, DE Pavade, G Hamilton, K Vallat, B Miyagishima, K AF Swayne, D. E. Pavade, G. Hamilton, K. Vallat, B. Miyagishima, K. TI Assessment of national strategies for control of high-pathogenicity avian influenza and low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza in poultry, with emphasis on vaccines and vaccination SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Animal disease; Avian disease; Avian influenza; Avian influenza virus; High-pathogenicity avian influenza; Immunity; Low-pathogenicity avian influenza; Low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza; Poultry; Vaccination; Vaccine; Vaccine bank ID INACTIVATED H5N2 VACCINE; ZOO-BIRDS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SOUTHEASTERN CHINA; EUROPEAN-UNION; WILD BIRDS; VIRUSES; OUTBREAKS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS AB Twenty-nine distinct epizootics of high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) have occurred since 1959. The H5N1 HPAI panzootic affecting Asia, Africa and Eastern Europe has been the largest among these, affecting poultry and/or wild birds in 63 countries. A stamping-out programme achieved eradication in 24 of these epizootics (and is close to achieving eradication in the current H5N2 epizootic in South African ostriches), but vaccination was added to the control programmes in four epizootics when stamping out alone was not effective. During the 2002 to 2010 period, more than 113 billion doses of avian influenza (AI) vaccine were used in at-risk national poultry populations of over 131 billion birds. At two to three doses per bird for the 15 vaccinating countries, the average national vaccination coverage rate was 41.9% and the global AI vaccine coverage rate was 10.9% for all poultry. The highest national coverage rate was nearly 100% for poultry in Hong Kong and the lowest national coverage was less than 0.01% for poultry in Israel and the Netherlands. Inactivated AI vaccines accounted for 95.5% and live recombinant virus vaccines for 4.5% of the vaccines used. Most of these vaccines were used in the H5N1 HPAI panzootic, with more than 99% employed in the People's Republic of China, Egypt, Indonesia and Vietnam. Implementation of vaccination in these four countries occurred after H5N1 HPAI became enzootic in domestic poultry and vaccination did not result in the enzootic infections. Vaccine usage prevented clinical disease and mortality in chickens, and maintained rural livelihoods and food security during HPAI outbreaks. Low-pathogenicity notifiable avian influenza (LPNAI) became reportable to the World Organisation for Animal Health in 2006 because some H5 and H7 low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) viruses have the potential to mutate to HPAI viruses. Fewer outbreaks of LPNAI have been reported than of HPAI and only six countries used vaccine in control programmes, accounting for 8.1% of the total H5/H7 AI vaccine usage, as compared to 91.9% of the vaccine used against HPAI. Of the six countries that have used vaccine to control LPNAI, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Italy have been the biggest users. In countries with enzootic HPAI and LPNAI, development and implementation of exit strategies has been difficult. C1 [Swayne, D. E.; Pavade, G.; Hamilton, K.; Vallat, B.; Miyagishima, K.] World Org Anim Hlth OIE, F-75017 Paris, France. [Swayne, D. E.] ARS, World Org Anim Hlth OIE Collaborating Ctr Res Eme, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab,USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), World Org Anim Hlth OIE, 12 Rue Prony, F-75017 Paris, France. FU Agricultural Research Service, USDA (CRIS) [6612-32000-048-00D]; OIE; Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA); Department for International Development (DFID) in the United Kingdom FX This study was conducted as part of an OFFLU research secondment/sabbatical by the corresponding author (D.E. Swayne) from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to OFFLU. OFFLU is the joint OIE/FAO network of expertise on animal influenzas. Financial support for the research staff (K. Hamilton, G. Pavade and D.E. Swayne) was provided by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA (CRIS #6612-32000-048-00D), and by the OIE World Fund for Animal Health and Welfare from contributions from the following donors: the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) and the Department for International Development (DFID) in the United Kingdom. NR 59 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 19 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 3 BP 839 EP 870 PG 32 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 894YA UT WOS:000300462200018 PM 22435196 ER PT J AU Tepedino, VJ Griswold, TL Freilich, JE Shephard, P AF Tepedino, V. J. Griswold, T. L. Freilich, J. E. Shephard, P. TI SPECIALIST AND GENERALIST BEE VISITORS OF AN ENDEMIC BEARDTONGUE (PENSTEMON CARYI: PLANTAGINACEAE) OF THE BIG HORN MOUNTAINS, WYOMING SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID POLLINATION SYNDROMES; SCROPHULARIACEAE; EVOLUTION; BIOLOGY; POLLEN; MUTUALISMS AB Insect exclusion from the flowers of Penstemon caryi showed that fruits are not produced unless pollen is moved between flowers by pollinators. We recorded over 30 species of bees visiting the flowers, and about a third of the bee species were common. Flower visitors were primarily pollen-collecting female bees, most of which also carried pollen on areas of the head that strongly implicated them as pollinators. While larger bees were generally more common on the flowers than smaller bees, there appeared to be no difference between size groups in (I) the percent of females collecting Penstemon pollen, (2) the percent of collected pollen that was Penstemon pollen, or (3) the percent of individuals that carried pollen in areas likely to effect pollination. Two long-tongued species, Anthophora ursina (Apidae) and Osmia brevis (Megachilidae), dominated the collections. These 2 species have very different host associations with Penstemon flowers: the specialist O. brevis collects pollen only front species of beardtongues in the western United States, while the generalist A. ursina uses a wide spectrum of plant species for pollen and seems to express fidelity to Penstemon flowers only when those flowers are abundant. There was no evidence that specialists are superior to generalists as pollinators of P. caryi. C1 [Tepedino, V. J.; Griswold, T. L.] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab,Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Freilich, J. E.; Shephard, P.] Wyoming Field Off, Nat Conservancy, Lander, WY 82520 USA. RP Tepedino, VJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab,Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM andrena@biology.usu.edu NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD DEC PY 2011 VL 71 IS 4 BP 523 EP 528 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 895TZ UT WOS:000300520600010 ER PT J AU Chen, X MacDonald, MH Garrett, WM Matthews, BF Natarajan, SS AF Chen, Xi MacDonald, Margaret H. Garrett, Wesley M. Matthews, Benjamin F. Natarajan, Savithiry S. TI EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE (HETERODERA GLYCINES) PROTEINS BY TWO-DIMENSIONAL GEL ELECTROPHORESIS SO NEMATROPICA LA English DT Article DE Proteomics; Heterodera glycines; two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; mass spectrometry ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; SOLUBILIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; PARASITE; UNC-87 AB Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines, SCN) is the most destructive pathogen of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) worldwide. In this study, three different protein extraction methods including phenol/ammonium acetate (phenol method), thiourea/urea solublization (lysis method) and trichloroacetic acid/acetone (TCA method) were evaluated to determine their efficacy in separating Heterodera glycines proteins by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE). In all three methods, nematode proteins were well separated with minor variations in the intensity of the protein spots. The phenol method showed higher protein resolution and spot intensity of all proteins compared with the other two methods. In addition, in the high-pI region, proteins were clearly resolved and strongly detected using the phenol method. Protein spots obtained from the phenol method were subjected to further analysis to test their suitability for identification by mass spectrometry. Twenty protein spots were randomly selected, digested with trypsin, and analyzed using Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). While these results suggest that phenol method and the direct lysis method are efficient and reliable for the 2D separation of Heterodera glycines proteins, the phenol extraction procedure is superior for the alkaline proteins. C1 [Chen, Xi; MacDonald, Margaret H.; Matthews, Benjamin F.; Natarajan, Savithiry S.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, PSI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Natarajan, SS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, PSI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM savi.natarajan@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board [Y9254] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from a grant from United Soybean Board project number Y9254. Mention of trade name, proprietary product or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ORGANIZATION TROP AMER NEMATOLOGISTS PI AUBURN PA AUBURN UNIV DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA SN 0099-5444 J9 NEMATROPICA JI Nematropica PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 2 BP 240 EP 247 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 893IT UT WOS:000300350300011 ER PT J AU Rioux, R Manmathan, H Singh, P de los Reyes, B Jia, YL Tavantzis, S AF Rioux, Renee Manmathan, Harish Singh, Pratibha de los Reyes, Benildo Jia, Yulin Tavantzis, Stellos TI Comparative analysis of putative pathogenesis-related gene expression in two Rhizoctonia solani pathosystems SO CURRENT GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Rhizoctonia solani; Sheath blight; Stem canker; Pathogenicity factors; ESTs ID MAJOR FACILITATOR SUPERFAMILY; NATURAL TOXIC COMPOUNDS; RICE BLAST RESISTANCE; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; ABC-TRANSPORTER; SHEATH BLIGHT; BINUCLEATE RHIZOCTONIA; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AB Rhizoctonia solani, teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris, is a polyphagous necrotrophic plant pathogen of the Basidiomycete order that is split into 14 different anastomosis groups (AGs) based on hyphal interactions and host range. In this investigation, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques were used to determine potential pathogenicity factors of R. solani in the AG1-IA/rice and AG3/potato pathosystems. These factors were identified by mining for sequences of pathogen origin in a library of rice tissue infected with R. solani AG1-IA and comparing these sequences against the recently released R. solani AG3 genome. Ten genes common to both AGs and two specific to AG1-IA were selected for expression analysis by qRT-PCR. Results indicate that a number of genes are similarly expressed by AG1 and AG3 during the early stages of pathogenesis. Grouping of these pathogenicity factors based on relatedness of expression profiles suggests three key events are involved in R. solani pathogenesis: early host contact and infiltration, adjustment to the host environment, and pathogen proliferation through necrotic tissue. Further studies of the pathogenesis-associated genes identified in this project will enable more precise elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that allow for the widespread success of R. solani as a phytopathogen and allow for more targeted, effective methods of management. C1 [Rioux, Renee; Manmathan, Harish; de los Reyes, Benildo; Tavantzis, Stellos] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Singh, Pratibha; Jia, Yulin] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Singh, Pratibha; Jia, Yulin] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Tavantzis, S (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, 5735 Hitchner Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM tavantzis@umit.maine.edu NR 114 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0172-8083 J9 CURR GENET JI Curr. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 BP 391 EP 408 DI 10.1007/s00294-011-0353-3 PG 18 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 889SQ UT WOS:000300093900002 PM 21909999 ER PT J AU Dogramaci, M Horvath, DP Christoffers, MJ Anderson, JV AF Dogramaci, Muenevver Horvath, David P. Christoffers, Michael J. Anderson, James V. TI Dehydration and vernalization treatments identify overlapping molecular networks impacting endodormancy maintenance in leafy spurge crown buds SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Bud dormancy; Dehydration stress; Endodormancy; Leafy spurge; Vernalization ID HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEIN; COLD-ACCLIMATION; EUPHORBIA-ESULA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS; FLOWERING COMPETENCE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; RESPONSE PATHWAY; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) is a herbaceous perennial weed that reproduces vegetatively from an abundance of underground adventitious buds (UABs), which undergo well-defined phases of seasonal dormancy (para-, endo-, and ecodormancy). In this study, the effects of dehydration stress on vegetative growth and flowering potential from endodormant UABs of leafy spurge was monitored. Further, microarray analysis was used to identify critical signaling pathways of transcriptome profiles associated with endodormancy maintenance in UABs. Surprisingly, only 3-day of dehydration stress is required to break the endodormant phase in UABs; however, the dehydration-stress treatment did not induce flowering. Previous studies have shown that prolonged cold treatment of UABs breaks endodormancy and induces a vernalization response leading to flowering. Thus, in this study, comparing transcriptome data from UABs exposed to short-term dehydration and vernalization provided a unique approach to identify overlapping molecular mechanisms involved in endodormancy maintenance and floral competence. Analysis of transcriptome data associated with breaking endodormancy by both environmental treatments identified LEC1, PHOTOSYSTEM I RC, and brassinosteroids as common central hubs of upregulated genes, while DREB1A, CBF2, GPA1, MYC2, bHLH, BZIP, and flavonoids were identified as common central hubs of downregulated genes. The majority of overrepresented gene sets common to breaking endodormancy by dehydration stress and vernalization were downregulated and included pathways involved in hormone signaling, chromatin modification, and circadian rhythm. Additionally, the overrepresented gene sets highlighted pathways involved in starch and sugar degradation and biogenesis of carbon skeletons, suggesting a high metabolic activity is necessary during the endodormant phase. The data presented in this study helped to refine our previous model for dormancy regulation. C1 [Dogramaci, Muenevver; Horvath, David P.; Anderson, James V.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Christoffers, Michael J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Anderson, JV (reprint author), ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM james.anderson@ars.usda.gov OI Anderson, James/0000-0002-1801-5767; Horvath, David/0000-0002-8458-7691 NR 85 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 611 EP 626 DI 10.1007/s10142-011-0239-y PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 889SM UT WOS:000300093500008 PM 21789635 ER PT J AU Chao, WS Foley, ME Dogramaci, M Anderson, JV Horvath, DP AF Chao, Wun S. Foley, Michael E. Dogramaci, Muenevver Anderson, James V. Horvath, David P. TI Alternating temperature breaks dormancy in leafy spurge seeds and impacts signaling networks associated with HY5 SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Alternating temperature; Dormancy; Gene ontology; Germination; Leafy spurge; Seed; Sub-network analysis; Weed ID EUPHORBIA-ESULA SEEDS; ABSCISIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GIBBERELLIN METABOLISM; EXPRESSION PROFILES; PLANT-MITOCHONDRIA; GENE-EXPRESSION; WEED BIOLOGY; GERMINATION; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Non-after-ripened seeds of the herbaceous perennial weed leafy spurge do not germinate when imbibed at a constant temperature (C), but transfer to an alternating temperature (A) induced germination. Changes in the transcriptome of seeds during 1 and 3 days of alternating temperature and germinated seeds were compared with seeds incubated at constant temperature. Statistical analysis revealed that 597, 1,491, and 1,329 genes were differentially expressed (P<0.05) for the comparisons of 21-day C vs. 21-day C+1-day A, 21-day C vs. 21-day C+3-day A, and 21-day C vs. 21-day C+Germ (germination), respectively. Functional classifications based on gene set and sub-network enrichment analysis were performed to identify pathways and gene sub-networks that underlie transcriptome changes in the seeds as they germinate. Sugars, plant hormones, photomorphogenesis, and reactive oxygen species were overrepresented at 21-day C+1-day A. At 21-day C+3-day A, an increase in cellular activities was observed as the number of overrepresented pathways greatly increased. Many of the metabolic pathways were involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids, macromolecules, and energy and carbon skeleton production for subsequent germination. The 21-day C+3-day A and 21-day C+Germ pathways and sub-networks were similar and included an overrepresentation of the amino acid biosynthetic pathways; however, 21-day C+Germ seeds have an even wider array of cellular activities such as translation-related pathways, which are most likely for seedling growth. RT-qPCR analysis indicated that the up- and down-regulation of HISTONE H3, GASA2, DREBIII-1, CHS, AOS, PIF3, PLD alpha 1, and LEA may be germination-related since their expression was dramatically changed only in the 21-day C+Germ seeds. Finally, both short-term alternating temperature and short-term light exposure up-regulated the expression targets of the central hub HY5 in leafy spurge and Arabidopsis, respectively, indicating that a signaling network involving HY5 is important for germination. C1 [Chao, Wun S.; Foley, Michael E.; Dogramaci, Muenevver; Anderson, James V.; Horvath, David P.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Chao, WS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM wun.chao@ars.usda.gov RI Yanfang, Li/C-2564-2012; OI Anderson, James/0000-0002-1801-5767; Horvath, David/0000-0002-8458-7691 NR 65 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 637 EP 649 DI 10.1007/s10142-011-0253-0 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 889SM UT WOS:000300093500010 PM 21947436 ER PT J AU Wong, DWS Chan, VJ Batt, SB Sarath, G Liao, H AF Wong, Dominic W. S. Chan, Victor J. Batt, Sarah B. Sarath, Gautam Liao, Hans TI Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce feruloyl esterase for the release of ferulic acid from switchgrass SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Feruloyl esterase; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Expression; Switchgrass ID CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; ALPHA-AMYLASE; YEAST-STRAIN; CROSS-LINKS; MAIZE BRAN; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; SECRETION; BIOMASS AB The Aspergillus niger feruloyl esterase gene (faeA) was cloned into Saccharomyces cerevisiae via a yeast expression vector, resulting in efficient expression and secretion of the enzyme in the medium with a yield of similar to 2 mg/l. The recombinant enzyme was purified to homogeneity by anion-exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The specific activity was determined to be 8,200 U/mu g (pH 6.5, 20 degrees C, 3.5 mM 4-nitrophenyl ferulate). The protein had a correct N-terminal sequence of ASTQGISEDLY, indicating that the signal peptide was properly processed. The FAE exhibited an optimum pH of 6-7 and operated optimally at 50 degrees C using ground switchgrass as the substrate. The yeast clone was demonstrated to catalyze the release of ferulic acid continuously from switchgrass in YNB medium at 30 degrees C. This work represents the first report on engineering yeast for the breakdown of ferulic acid crosslink to facilitate consolidated bioprocessing. C1 [Wong, Dominic W. S.; Chan, Victor J.; Batt, Sarah B.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. [Sarath, Gautam] ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. [Liao, Hans] OPX Biotechnol, Boulder, CO USA. RP Wong, DWS (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. EM Dominic.Wong@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 29 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 38 IS 12 BP 1961 EP 1967 DI 10.1007/s10295-011-0985-9 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 890QJ UT WOS:000300159300009 PM 21626208 ER PT J AU Bolling, BW Chen, CYO McKay, DL Blumberg, JB AF Bolling, Bradley W. Chen, C. -Y. Oliver McKay, Diane L. Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI Tree nut phytochemicals: composition, antioxidant capacity, bioactivity, impact factors. A systematic review of almonds, Brazils, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts SO NUTRITION RESEARCH REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Antioxidants; Polyphenols; Phytochemicals; Tree nuts ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CORYLUS-AVELLANA L.; JUGLANS-REGIA L.; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER TRIAL; ENRICHED DIET INCREASES; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; 20 VEGETABLE OILS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN AB Tree nuts contain an array of phytochemicals including carotenoids, phenolic acids, phytosterols and polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids, proanthocyanidins (PAC) and stilbenes, all of which are included in nutrient databases, as well as phytates, sphingolipids, alkylphenols and lignans, which are not. The phytochemical content of tree nuts can vary considerably by nut type, genotype, pre- and post-harvest conditions, as well as storage conditions. Genotype affects phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and phytosterols, but data are lacking for many other phytochemical classes. During the roasting process, tree nut isoflavones, flavanols and flavonols were found to be more resistant to heat than the anthocyanins, PAC and trans-resveratrol. The choice of solvents used for extracting polyphenols and phytosterols significantly affects their quantification, and studies validating these methods for tree nut phytochemicals are lacking. The phytochemicals found in tree nuts have been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antiviral, chemopreventive and hypocholesterolaemic actions, all of which are known to affect the initiation and progression of several pathogenic processes. While tree nut phytochemicals are bioaccessible and bioavailable in humans, the number of intervention trials conducted to date is limited. The objectives of the present review are to summarise tree nut: (1) phytochemicals; (2) phytochemical content included in nutrient databases and current publications; (3) phytochemicals affected by pre- and post-harvest conditions and analytical methodology; and (4) bioactivity and health benefits in humans. C1 [Chen, C. -Y. Oliver; McKay, Diane L.; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bolling, Bradley W.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nutr Sci, Unit 4017, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Blumberg, JB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Jeffrey.Blumberg@tufts.edu OI Bolling, Bradley/0000-0002-4222-2467 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [581950-7-707] FX The present review was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Agreement no. 581950-7-707. The contents of the present publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organisations imply endorsement by the US government. Each author has declared to have no conflicts of interest. We thank Maureen Ternus, MS, RD and The International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research & Education Foundation for their encouragement of our efforts on tree nut phytochemicals. The authors are grateful to Kerilyn Kimball, Jo Obelsky and Elizabeth Wallet for assistance in manuscript preparation. NR 202 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 13 U2 190 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0954-4224 J9 NUTR RES REV JI Nutr. Res. Rev. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 24 IS 2 BP 244 EP 275 DI 10.1017/S095442241100014X PG 32 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 887MK UT WOS:000299931400008 PM 22153059 ER PT J AU Clinton, BD Maier, CA Ford, CR Mitchell, RJ AF Clinton, Barton D. Maier, Chris A. Ford, Chelcy R. Mitchell, Robert J. TI Transient changes in transpiration, and stem and soil CO2 efflux in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) following fire-induced leaf area reduction SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Fire; Longleaf pine; Sap flow; Stem respiration; Soil respiration; Ichauway ID STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE; CARBON BALANCE; COASTAL-PLAIN; GAS-EXCHANGE; WATER-USE; SAP FLUX; RESPIRATION; TREES; FOREST AB In 20-year-old longleaf pine, we examined short-term effects of reduced live leaf area (A(L)) via canopy scorching on sap flow (Q; kg H2O h(-1)), transpiration per unit leaf area (E-L; mm day(-1)), stem CO2 efflux (R-stem; mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) and soil CO2 efflux (R-soil; mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) over a 2-week period during early summer. R-stem and Q were measured at two positions (1.3-m or BH, and base of live crown-BLC), and R-soil was measured using 15 open-system chambers on each plot. E-L before and after treatment was estimated using Q measured at BLC with estimates of AL before and after scorching. We expected Q to decrease in scorched trees compared with controls resulting from reduced A(L). We expected R-stem at BLC and BH and R-soil to decrease following scorching due to reduced leaf area, which would decrease carbon supply to the stem and roots. Scorching reduced A(L) by 77%. Prior to scorching, Q at BH was similar between scorch and control trees. Following scorching, Q was not different between control and scorch trees; however, E-L increased immediately following scorching by 3.5-fold compared to control trees. Changes in E-L in scorched trees corresponded well with changes in VPD (D), whereas control trees appeared more decoupled over the 5-day period following treatment. By the end of the study, R-stem decreased to 15-25% in scorched trees at both stem positions compared to control trees. Last, we found that scorching resulted in a delayed and temporary increase in R-soil rather than a decrease. No change in Q and increased E-L following scorching indicates a substantial adjustment in stomatal conductance in scorched trees. Divergence in R-stem between scorch and control trees suggests a gradual decline in stem carbohydrates following scorching. The absence of a strong R-soil response is likely due to non-limiting supplies of root starch during early summer. C1 [Clinton, Barton D.; Ford, Chelcy R.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, USDA, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Maier, Chris A.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mitchell, Robert J.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA USA. RP Clinton, BD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, USDA, 3160 Coweeta Lab Rd, Otto, NC 28763 USA. EM bclinton@fs.fed.us OI Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783 FU USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station FX This research was supported in part through a Challenge Cost Share Grant from the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station. We thank D. Guo and S. Pecot for facilitating the study and for providing supporting information for the site. We thank Drs. L. Samuelson and J. Vose for helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and the textual content is therefore in the public domain and not subject to copyright. NR 58 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 25 IS 6 BP 997 EP 1007 DI 10.1007/s00468-011-0574-6 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 889OM UT WOS:000300083000005 ER PT J AU Schaberg, PG Minocha, R Long, S Halman, JM Hawley, GJ Eagar, C AF Schaberg, Paul G. Minocha, Rakesh Long, Stephanie Halman, Joshua M. Hawley, Gary J. Eagar, Christopher TI Calcium addition at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest increases the capacity for stress tolerance and carbon capture in red spruce (Picea rubens) trees during the cold season SO TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION LA English DT Article DE Acidic deposition; Calcium depletion; Polyamines; Free amino acids; Chlorophyll content; Sapwood area ID GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; UNITED-STATES; SAPWOOD AREA; LEAF-AREA; WINTER PHOTOSYNTHESIS; FREEZING TOLERANCE; LOW-TEMPERATURE; INORGANIC-IONS; DOUGLAS-FIR AB Red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) trees are uniquely vulnerable to foliar freezing injury during the cold season (fall and winter), but are also capable of photosynthetic activity if temperatures moderate. To evaluate the influence of calcium (Ca) addition on the physiology of red spruce during the cold season, we measured concentrations of foliar polyamines and free amino acids (putative stress-protection compounds), chlorophyll (a key photosystem component), and sapwood area (a proxy for foliar biomass), for trees in Ca-addition (CaSiO3 added) and Ca-depleted (reference) watersheds at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (NH, USA). Ca-addition increased concentrations of the amino acids alanine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the polyamines putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) in November, and Put in February relative to foliage from the reference watershed. Consistent with increased stress protection, foliage from the Ca-addition watershed had higher total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a concentrations in February than foliage from the reference watershed. In contrast, foliage from the reference watershed had significantly lower glutamic acid (Glu) and higher alanine (Ala) concentrations in February than foliage from the Ca-addition watershed. Imbalances in Ala: Glu have been attributed to cold sensitivity or damage in other species. In addition to concentration-based differences in foliar compounds, trees from the Ca-addition watershed had higher estimated levels of foliar biomass than trees from the reference watershed. Our findings suggest that Ca-addition increased the stress tolerance and productive capacity of red spruce foliage during the cold season, and resulted in greater crown mass compared to trees growing on untreated soils. C1 [Schaberg, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Minocha, Rakesh; Long, Stephanie; Eagar, Christopher] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Halman, Joshua M.; Hawley, Gary J.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Schaberg, PG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 705 Spear St, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM pschaberg@fs.fed.us FU Northeastern States Research Cooperative; USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors are grateful to Paula Murakami, Michelle Turner, Kelly Baggett, John Bennink, Kendra Gurney, Brynne Lazarus, Brett Huggett, Chris Hansen, Tammy Coe, and Cathy Borer for their assistance in both the field and laboratory. We further thank the staff at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest for their generous help in all aspects of our sample collections. Thanks are also extended to Drs. G. Richard Strimbeck, Jonathan R. Cumming, Timothy D. Perkins and Kevin T. Smith for helpful review comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This research was supported by funds provided by the Northeastern States Research Cooperative, the USDA CSREES McIntire-Stennis Forest Research Program, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 66 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-1890 J9 TREES-STRUCT FUNCT JI Trees-Struct. Funct. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1053 EP 1061 DI 10.1007/s00468-011-0580-8 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 889OM UT WOS:000300083000010 ER PT J AU McKelvey, KS Copeland, JP Schwartz, MK Littell, JS Aubry, KB Squires, JR Parks, SA Elsner, MM Mauger, GS AF McKelvey, Kevin S. Copeland, Jeffrey P. Schwartz, Michael K. Littell, Jeremy S. Aubry, Keith B. Squires, John R. Parks, Sean A. Elsner, Marketa M. Mauger, Guillaume S. TI Climate change predicted to shift wolverine distributions, connectivity, and dispersal corridors SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE climate change; corridor; downscale; ensemble model; fragmentation; Gulo gulo; habitat; hydrologic modeling; snow; wolverine ID UNITED-STATES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; GENE FLOW; PRECIPITATION; POPULATION; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; MORTALITY; SNOWPACK; MONTANA AB Boreal species sensitive to the timing and duration of snow cover are particularly vulnerable to global climate change. Recent work has shown a link between wolverine (Gulo gulo) habitat and persistent spring snow cover through 15 May, the approximate end of the wolverine's reproductive denning period. We modeled the distribution of snow cover within the Columbia, Upper Missouri, and Upper Colorado River Basins using a downscaled ensemble climate model. The ensemble model was based on the arithmetic mean of 10 global climate models (GCMs) that best fit historical climate trends and patterns within these three basins. Snow cover was estimated from resulting downscaled temperature and precipitation patterns using a hydrologic model. We bracketed our ensemble model predictions by analyzing warm (miroc 3.2) and cool (pcm1) downscaled GCMs. Because Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-based snow cover relationships were analyzed at much finer grain than downscaled GCM output, we conducted a second analysis based on MODIS-based snow cover that persisted through 29 May, simulating the onset of spring two weeks earlier in the year. Based on the downscaled ensemble model, 67% of predicted spring snow cover will persist within the study area through 2030-2059, and 37% through 2070-2099. Estimated snow cover for the ensemble model during the period 20702099 was similar to persistent MODIS snow cover through 29 May. Losses in snow cover were greatest at the southern periphery of the study area (Oregon, Utah, and New Mexico, USA) and least in British Columbia, Canada. Contiguous areas of spring snow cover become smaller and more isolated over time, but large (>1000 km(2)) contiguous areas of wolverine habitat are predicted to persist within the study area throughout the 21st century for all projections. Areas that retain snow cover throughout the 21st century are British Columbia, north-central Washington, northwestern Montana, and the Greater Yellowstone Area. By the late 21st century, dispersal modeling indicates that habitat isolation at or above levels associated with genetic isolation of wolverine populations becomes widespread. Overall, we expect wolverine habitat to persist throughout the species range at least for the first half of the 21st century, but populations will likely become smaller and more isolated. C1 [McKelvey, Kevin S.; Parks, Sean A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Littell, Jeremy S.; Elsner, Marketa M.; Mauger, Guillaume S.] Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Aubry, Keith B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP McKelvey, KS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM kmckelvey@fs.fed.us RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA17RJ1232, NA10OAR4320148] FX We thank Eric Lutz for developing the gridded historical climate in the Upper Missouri Basin and Eric Salathe for assistance with GCM bias evaluation. We acknowledge the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making the WCRP CMIP3 multi-model data set available to us. Support for the PCMDI data set is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. Support for the development of regionally consistent downscaled climate and hydrologic variables was provided by Regions 1 and 6 of the USDA Forest Service and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Additionally we thank Patrick Gonzalez for exploratory spatial analyses of climate and snow. Finally, we are grateful for helpful reviews of two anonymous referees. This publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement Numbers NA17RJ1232 and NA10OAR4320148, Contribution Number 1867. NR 45 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 18 U2 179 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 8 BP 2882 EP 2897 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877GU UT WOS:000299166300004 ER PT J AU Pardo, LH Fenn, ME Goodale, CL Geiser, LH Driscoll, CT Allen, EB Baron, JS Bobbink, R Bowman, WD Clark, CM Emmett, B Gilliam, FS Greaver, TL Hall, SJ Lilleskov, EA Liu, LL Lynch, JA Nadelhoffer, KJ Perakis, SS Robin-Abbott, MJ Stoddard, JL Weathers, KC Dennis, RL AF Pardo, Linda H. Fenn, Mark E. Goodale, Christine L. Geiser, Linda H. Driscoll, Charles T. Allen, Edith B. Baron, Jill S. Bobbink, Roland Bowman, William D. Clark, Christopher M. Emmett, Bridget Gilliam, Frank S. Greaver, Tara L. Hall, Sharon J. Lilleskov, Erik A. Liu, Lingli Lynch, Jason A. Nadelhoffer, Knute J. Perakis, Steven S. Robin-Abbott, Molly J. Stoddard, John L. Weathers, Kathleen C. Dennis, Robin L. TI Effects of nitrogen deposition and empirical nitrogen critical loads for ecoregions of the United States SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE air pollution; atmospheric N deposition; biodiversity; community shifts; natural resource protection; nitrate leaching; nitrogen saturation; plant nitrogen cycling; vegetation type conversion ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; CHRONIC N FERTILIZATION; CRITICAL ACID LOADS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; ALPINE LAKES; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; HERBACEOUS LAYER; RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS AB Human activity in the last century has led to a significant increase in nitrogen (N) emissions and atmospheric deposition. This N deposition has reached a level that has caused or is likely to cause alterations to the structure and function of many ecosystems across the United States. One approach for quantifying the deposition of pollution that would be harmful to ecosystems is the determination of critical loads. A critical load is defined as the input of a pollutant below which no detrimental ecological effects occur over the long-term according to present knowledge. The objectives of this project were to synthesize current research relating atmospheric N deposition to effects on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems in the United States, and to estimate associated empirical N critical loads. The receptors considered included freshwater diatoms, mycorrhizal fungi, lichens, bryophytes, herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. Ecosystem impacts included: (1) biogeochemical responses and (2) individual species, population, and community responses. Biogeochemical responses included increased N mineralization and nitrification (and N availability for plant and microbial uptake), increased gaseous N losses (ammonia volatilization, nitric and nitrous oxide from nitrification and denitrification), and increased N leaching. Individual species, population, and community responses included increased tissue N, physiological and nutrient imbalances, increased growth, altered root : shoot ratios, increased susceptibility to secondary stresses, altered fire regime, shifts in competitive interactions and community composition, changes in species richness and other measures of biodiversity, and increases in invasive species. The range of critical loads for nutrient N reported for U.S. ecoregions, inland surface waters, and freshwater wetlands is 1-39 kg N-ha(-1).yr(-1), spanning the range of N deposition observed over most of the country. The empirical critical loads for N tend to increase in the following sequence for different life forms: diatoms, lichens and bryophytes, mycorrhizal fungi, herbaceous plants and shrubs, and trees. The critical load approach is an ecosystem assessment tool with great potential to simplify complex scientific information and communicate effectively with the policy community and the public. This synthesis represents the first comprehensive assessment of empirical critical loads of N for major ecoregions across the United States. C1 [Pardo, Linda H.; Robin-Abbott, Molly J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Goodale, Christine L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Geiser, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Driscoll, Charles T.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Allen, Edith B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Baron, Jill S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bobbink, Roland] B WARE Res Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bowman, William D.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Clark, Christopher M.; Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Emmett, Bridget] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Gilliam, Frank S.] Marshall Univ, Huntington, WV 25755 USA. [Greaver, Tara L.; Liu, Lingli; Dennis, Robin L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hall, Sharon J.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Nadelhoffer, Knute J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stoddard, John L.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Weathers, Kathleen C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. RP Pardo, LH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 705 Spear St, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. EM lpardo@fs.fed.us RI Liu, Lingli/A-7771-2008; Emmett, Bridget/D-6199-2011; Hall, Sharon/K-7893-2012; Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; Baron, Jill/C-5270-2016; OI Liu, Lingli/0000-0002-5696-3151; Emmett, Bridget/0000-0002-2713-4389; Baron, Jill/0000-0002-5902-6251; Stoddard, John/0000-0002-2537-6130; Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 FU US-EPA Clean Air Markets Division [DW-12-92196101]; USDA; UCR Center for Conservation Biology; NSF [DEB 04-21530] FX This project was funded, in part, by the US-EPA Clean Air Markets Division, DW-12-92196101. Initial work on this project was funded by the USDA Forest Service Air Resource Management Program. Funding was provided by the UCR Center for Conservation Biology and NSF grant DEB 04-21530. We thank Amanda Elliot Lindsey and Robert Johnson for their assistance in creating deposition and critical loads maps. We thank Sabine Braun, Doug Burns, and Jim Sickman for their reviews of an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank Sabine Braun for the concept for Fig. 8. We appreciate the comments of two anonymous reviewers. NR 175 TC 110 Z9 115 U1 15 U2 271 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 8 BP 3049 EP 3082 PG 34 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877GU UT WOS:000299166300016 ER PT J AU Endter-Wada, J Blahna, DJ AF Endter-Wada, Joanna Blahna, Dale J. TI Linkages to Public Land Framework: toward embedding humans in ecosystem analyses by using "inside-out social assessment" SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE common property; coupled natural-human systems; forest policy; human dimensions of ecosystem management; public involvement; public land access; social impact assessment ID NATURAL SYSTEMS; COUPLED HUMAN; RESOURCE-USE; MANAGEMENT; FOREST; PLACE; OBJECTIVES; DEPENDENCE; MEANINGS; CLAIMS AB This article presents the "Linkages to Public Land'' (LPL) Framework, a general but comprehensive data-gathering and analysis approach aimed at informing citizen and agency decision making about the social environment of public land. This social assessment and planning approach identifies and categorizes various types of linkages that people have to public land and guides the tasks of finding and using information on people in those linkages. Linkages are defined as the "coupling mechanisms'' that explain how and why humans interact with ecosystems, while linkage analyses are empirical investigations contextualized both temporally and geographically. The conceptual, legal, and theoretical underpinnings of five basic linkage categories (tribal, use, interest, neighboring land, and decision making) and further refinement into subcategories are explained. These categories are based upon the complex property and decision-making regimes governing public land. Applying an "inside-out'' analytic perspective, the LPL Framework assesses the social environment inside public land units and traces linkages out into the larger social environment, instead of assessing the outside social environment (communities or stakeholders) and assuming linkages exist between the social entities and public lands, as is generally done in social assessments. The LPL Framework can be utilized in management activities such as assessing baseline conditions and designing monitoring protocols, planning and evaluating management alternatives, analyzing impacts of decisions, structuring public involvement and conflict management efforts, and conducting collaborative learning and stewardship activities. The framework enhances understanding of human dimensions of ecosystem management by providing a conceptual map of human linkages to public land and a stepwise process for focusing and contextualizing social analyses. The framework facilitates analysis of the compatibilities, conflicts, and trade-offs between various linkages, and between cumulative human linkages and capabilities of public land to sustain them. While the LPL Framework was developed for use in planning for U. S. National Forests, it could be applied to other types of public land in the United States and adapted and extended to public lands and common property areas in other countries. C1 [Endter-Wada, Joanna] Utah State Univ, Dept Environm & Soc, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Endter-Wada, Joanna] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Blahna, Dale J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Endter-Wada, J (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Environm & Soc, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Joanna.Endter-Wada@usu.edu FU Utah Agricultural Experiment Station; U.S. Forest Service, PNW Research Station FX The authors developed the ideas presented in this paper as part of research conducted through the Natural Resource and Environmental Policy Program at Utah State University for the Utah Governor's Office of Planning and Budget (Utah GOPB) and the U.S. Forest Service in 2002-2003. The research was part of a forest plan revision process undertaken by the Dixie, Fishlake, and Manti-La Sal National Forests in southern Utah. Additional detail can be found in the GOPB report (available online).6 The Linkages to Public Land Framework has been presented annually since 2003 to U.S. Forest Service personnel through the professional training program "Continuing Education in Ecosystem Management.'' An early version of this paper was presented at the "Elements of Policy-Making, Planning, and Management'' session of the Ninth International Symposium for Society and Resource Management (ISSRM) held in Keystone, Colorado, in 2004. The authors thank the following people: U.S. Forest Service personnel involved in this project, particularly Tony Erba, Mary Erickson, Frank Fay, Ann King, Elaine Zieroth, and Kathy La Plante; staff from GOPB, particularly Wes Curtis, Mark Bedel, Michael Hansen, Sharen Hauri, and Kort Utley; from Utah State University, colleagues Judith Kurtzman, James Long, and Theresa Selfa, graduate students Robert Morris and Robert Peterson, and the NSF Advance Program; Louise Fortmann for helpful comments on a draft of the paper; and insightful reviewers. This project was supported, in part, by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station and the U.S. Forest Service, PNW Research Station. NR 102 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 26 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 8 BP 3254 EP 3271 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 877GU UT WOS:000299166300029 ER PT J AU Diamond, AK Emery, MR AF Diamond, Allaire K. Emery, Marla R. TI Black Ash (Fraxinus nigra Marsh.): Local Ecological Knowledge of Site Characteristics and Morphology Associated with Basket-Grade Specimens in New England (USA) SO ECONOMIC BOTANY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Emery, Marla R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT USA. [Diamond, Allaire K.] Goldthread Ecol Consulting, Williston, VT USA. RP Emery, MR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0013-0001 J9 ECON BOT JI Econ. Bot. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 65 IS 4 BP 422 EP 426 DI 10.1007/s12231-011-9174-z PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 861UG UT WOS:000298044200007 ER PT J AU Adams, DM Alig, R Latta, G White, EM AF Adams, Darius M. Alig, Ralph Latta, Greg White, Eric M. TI Regional Impacts of a Program for Private Forest Carbon Offset Sales SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE forest carbon payments; afforestation; policy simulations ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEQUESTRATION AB Policymakers are examining a wide range of alternatives for climate change mitigation, including carbon offset sales programs, to enhance sequestration in the forest sector. Under an offset sales program, on-the-ground forestry could change as a result of both afforestation and modifications in the management of existing forests. These effects could vary markedly by region in the United States because of differences in areas of agricultural land suitable for afforestation, forest carbon and volume growth characteristics, the structure of landownership, and forest industry concentration. Using a dynamic model of North American markets, our analysis of alternative carbon price levels suggests that the largest carbon increment response would come from changes in forest management: extending rotations, shifting silvicultural regimes, and reforestation to hardwood forest types (in some regions). Carbon payments could also stimulate a substantial afforestation response in eastern regions (North and South). Afforestation is particularly important in the North where timberland area could expand markedly. Much of the area would be planted to hardwoods, stemming the projected decline in hardwood forest types and growing stock volume. C1 [Adams, Darius M.; Latta, Greg] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Alig, Ralph] Oregon State Univ, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Adams, DM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM darius.adams@oregonstate.edu; ralph.alig@oregonstate.edu; greg.latta@oregonstate.edu; eric.white@oregonstate.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Economics Research Branch; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; College of Forestry, Oregon State University FX This research was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency, Climate Economics Research Branch; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and the College of Forestry, Oregon State University. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 109 IS 8 BP 444 EP 453 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 881PL UT WOS:000299498500006 ER PT J AU Steelman, TA McCaffrey, SM AF Steelman, Toddi A. McCaffrey, Sarah M. TI What Is Limiting More Flexible Fire Management-Public or Agency Pressure? SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE fire management; political pressure; community pressure; wildfire costs; fire suppression; wildfire policy ID FOREST AB Conventional wisdom within American federal fire management agencies suggests that external influence such as community or political pressure for aggressive suppression are key factors circumscribing the ability to execute less aggressive fire management strategies. Thus, a better understanding of external constraints on fire management options is essential. This entails validating or refuting the perceptions of fire managers about the relative constraints that external pressures place on their ability to implement more flexible fire management options. In the summer of 2008, our research team traveled to two fires the Gap in California and Gunbarrel in Wyoming each of which used a different strategy for managing the fire. At each site, we interviewed key agency individuals and asked them about internal and external factors that influenced their fire management decisions. We also interviewed community members to understand whether they sought to influence fire management. Internal factors included procedural requirements and agency beliefs and attitudes. External factors included political and community pressures from the public who are often perceived to demand an aggressive suppression response. This article details how these internal and external factors influence flexibility in fire management. Our findings did not wholly support conventional wisdom and suggest that internal pressures are as important as external pressure in shaping fire management strategy. C1 [Steelman, Toddi A.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [McCaffrey, Sarah M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Steelman, TA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Campus Box 8008, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM toddi_steelman@ncsu.edu; smccaffrey@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [08-1-4-01]; US Forest Service Northern Research Station FX The authors acknowledge funding from the Joint Fire Science Program under Project 08-1-4-01 and US Forest Service Northern Research Station. They thank their collaborators Anne Black, Krista Gebert, and Janie Canton-Thompson. They also extend gratitude to the many interviewees who graciously gave their time to participate in this study. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 109 IS 8 BP 454 EP 461 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 881PL UT WOS:000299498500007 ER PT J AU Hoover, CM AF Hoover, Coeli M. TI RESPONSE Measurement, Monitoring, and Verification: Make It Work! SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. RP Hoover, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Durham, NH USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 109 IS 8 BP 475 EP 476 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 881PL UT WOS:000299498500011 ER PT J AU Davis, AS Daedlow, D Schutte, BJ Westerman, PR AF Davis, Adam S. Daedlow, Daniel Schutte, Brian J. Westerman, Paula R. TI Temporal scaling of episodic point estimates of seed predation to long-term predation rates SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE demographic models; goodness-of-fit; granivory; model verification; multi-scale processes; seed burial; weed seedbanks ID ABUTILON-THEOPHRASTI; SETARIA-FABERI; CEREAL FIELDS; WEED; REMOVAL; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS; LOSSES AB 1. Post-dispersal seed predation influences plant population dynamics in many terrestrial ecosystems, including weeds in arable systems, the focus of this study. Simulation models of management effects on weed demography require estimates of long-term seed predation as input, yet extremely rapid seed losses to predators force most measurements of weed seed predation rates to be made at a daily time-scale. 2. We compared several models for estimating M, the annual proportion of weed seeds consumed by granivores, from repeated short-term seed predation measurements. Competing models differed in duration of seed exposure to predators and weighting of short-termpredation rates by concurrent seed rain. Verification data were obtained from field studies at experimental locations in Germany and the USA in which parallel measurements of short-and long-term weed seed predation were made in cereal crops. 3. Robust predictions ofMwere given by a model that exposed seeds to predators for two 48-h predation intervals, with no weighting of predation rates by seed rain. Model performance was consistent across locations, years, weed species and predator type. Resampling indicated that high temporal sampling intensity was critical to model performance and should be prioritised over high levels of spatial replication. 4. Estimates of M made from our experimental data and 10 published time series of short-term weed seed predation rates followed a normal distribution with l = 0 52 and r 2 = 0 05. Additional work is necessary to assess applicability of the predictive model to seed predation time series from natural systems. 5. Synthesis and applications: Our results demonstrate that annual rates of weed seed predation may be reliably predicted from repeated short-term predation measurements. Predicted values may then be used in applied demographic models. At a more fundamental level, these results indicate that weed seed predation in arable fields is an episodic process, in which newly dispersed seeds are subjected to brief, intense predation, after which they become unavailable to granivores because of burial. Future efforts at managing agroecosystems to promote weed seed predation may benefit by viewing the process as dynamic and ephemeral. C1 [Davis, Adam S.; Schutte, Brian J.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Daedlow, Daniel; Westerman, Paula R.] Univ Rostock, Agr & Environm Sci Fac, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. RP Davis, AS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM asdavis1@illinois.edu RI Westerman, Paula/K-6427-2012; OI westerman, paula/0000-0002-1012-7828 FU United States Department of Agriculture; University of Rostock FX We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of numerous research assistants to this study. Funding for this work was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture and University of Rostock. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 6 BP 682 EP 690 DI 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00119.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 862KR UT WOS:000298090100013 ER PT J AU Luppold, W Mace, T Weatherspoon, A Jacobson, K AF Luppold, William Mace, Terry Weatherspoon, Antony Jacobson, Keith TI Changes in the Fuel Pellet Industry in the Lake States, 2005 to 2008 SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE fuel pellet; wood energy; roundwood consumption AB Fuel pellets are becoming popular for home heating and electrical generation. Although wood residues such as sawdust, chips, and shavings have been a significant fiber feed stock pellet production, paper waste, agricultural residue, and roundwood also can be used. In 2005, 41% of the fiber feed stock used to produce pellets in the Lake States was wood residue, 27% was wastepaper or agricultural residue, and 32% was multiple or unspecified fiber feed stocks. Between 2005 and 2008, the number of wood pellet processing facilities in the Lake States region nearly doubled, and the volume of products manufactured increased by 300%. Facility expansion required an additional 592,000 dry tons of fiber feed stock. Forty-three percent of the additional feed stock was wood residue, 25% was roundwood, 18% was agricultural residue, and 13% was undefined or multiple feed stocks. In 2008, two facilities producing 67,000 tons of pellets were under construction, and four plants slated to produce an additional 600,000 tons of product were in the planning stage. The primary product manufactured in these new or planned facilities will be commercial fuel pellets, and the primary feed stock will be roundwood, harvest residues, and paper and agriculture waste. The potential increase in the demand for lower quality roundwood by these new facilities could replace the declining demand for this material by the paper industry. If the pellet industry continues to expand, it could compete for roundwood used by the fuel chips and pulpwood industries. C1 [Luppold, William] US Forest Serv, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Luppold, W (reprint author), US Forest Serv, 241 Mercer Springs Rd, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. EM wluppold@fs.fed.us NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 28 IS 4 BP 204 EP 207 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 884TZ UT WOS:000299733000006 ER PT J AU Becker, P Bilek, EM Cunningham, BT Bill, M Calvert, M Jensen, J Norris, M Thompson, T AF Becker, Peter Bilek, E. M. (Ted) Cunningham, Bilek Terry Bill, Michael Calvert, Marty Jensen, Jason Norris, Michael Thompson, Terry TI Economics of Coharvesting Smallwood by Chainsaw and Skidder for Crop Tree Management in Missouri SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE best management practices (BMPs); forest improvement harvest; machine costs; Ozarks; sawlogs ID FUEL REDUCTION AB Forest improvement harvests using individual-tree and group selection were conducted in four oak or oak-hickory stands in the Missouri Ozarks with conventional equipment (chainsaw and skidder). Volumes (and revenues) for different timber classes (sawlogs and smallwood from topwood and small trees) and hours of machine use were recorded to calculate production rates. Multiplying these by estimated hourly machine costs and adding loading and transportation costs plus stumpage yielded harvest plus delivery costs. Loggers kept machine costs low by operating old equipment with low capital costs and by owner servicing. Coharvesting of sawlogs and smallwood provided $240-$340/person-day in net operating revenues to loggers. Smallwood harvest yielded positive net revenues because loggers paid little or nothing for this material. Nevertheless, loggers could continue to generate positive net operating revenues if they paid a modest fee of $4-$5/ton for smallwood (as occurred in a subsequent salvage harvest). The cost of implementing best management practices (water bars and other erosion-control structures) with a skidder was affordable (<= 2% of logger's net operating revenue). Overall, the results supported crop tree management as a financially rational alternative across a variety of sites and showed that smallwood harvest does not always require subsidy. C1 [Becker, Peter] Eastern Ozarks Forestry Council, Bunker, MO 63629 USA. [Bilek, E. M. (Ted)] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Cunningham, Bilek Terry] Pioneer Forest LLC, Salem, MO 65560 USA. [Bill, Michael; Calvert, Marty; Jensen, Jason; Norris, Michael; Thompson, Terry] Missouri Dept Conservat, Jefferson City, MO 65102 USA. RP Becker, P (reprint author), Eastern Ozarks Forestry Council, POB 128, Bunker, MO 63629 USA. EM wongbeck@yahoo.com FU North Central Region-Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education [FNC07-651]; Pioneer Forest, LLC FX Peter Becker (wongbeck@yahoo.com), Eastern Ozarks Forestry Council, P.O. Box 128, Bunker, MO 63629. E.M. (Ted) Bilek, US Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI 53726-2398. Terry Cunningham, Pioneer Forest, LLC, Salem, MO65560. Michael Bill, Marty Calvert, Jason Jensen, Michael Norris, and Terry Thompson, Missouri Department of Conservation, Jefferson City, MO65102. Funding was provided by Farmer Rancher Grant FNC07-651 from North Central Region-Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education and by Pioneer Forest, LLC, to the Eastern Ozarks Forestry Council. We thank the landowners (Peter Becker, Mark Nussbaum, Pioneer Forest LLC, and Karl Wolf, Jr.) and the loggers (B&T Logging, Dustin Lindgren, Ron and Keith Tuttle, and Tuttle Brothers Logging) whose generous cooperation made this study possible. We are grateful to Doug Kulik, Bill Stuart, and anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on previous drafts. Use of trade names is for the reader's information and does not constitute endorsement by any of the parties in this study. Reported results are good-faith estimates intended to stimulate consideration of alternative harvest methods and should not solely determine financial decisions. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 28 IS 4 BP 214 EP 218 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 884TZ UT WOS:000299733000008 ER PT J AU Ward, DM Nislow, KH Folt, CL AF Ward, Darren M. Nislow, Keith H. Folt, Carol L. TI Seasonal shift in the effects of predators on juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) energetics SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ESTIMATING FOOD-CONSUMPTION; DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; MERCURY BIOACCUMULATION; CRITICAL-PERIOD; FISH; SURVIVAL; TROUT; POPULATIONS; SELECTION; PATTERNS AB Predator effects on prey populations are determined by the number of prey consumed and effects on the traits of surviving prey. Yet the effects of predators on prey traits are rarely evaluated in field studies. We measured the effects of predators on energetic traits (consumption and growth rates) of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a large-scale field study. Salmon fry were released at 18 sites that encompassed a wide range of predatory slimy sculpin (Coitus cognatus) abundance. We sampled salmon after 21 and 140 days to measure salmon growth and estimate consumption using a mass-balance model of methylmercury accumulation. Salmon population density was reduced fivefold at sites with abundant sculpin. Over the early season, salmon consumed less where sculpin were abundant, suggesting that reduced foraging under predation risk contributed to predator-caused mortality. In contrast, over the late season, salmon grew more where sculpin were abundant, suggesting that compensatory growth at reduced salmon population density moderated predator-caused mortality. Predator effects on prey energetics can drive variation in survival and growth, with important consequences for population dynamics. C1 [Ward, Darren M.; Folt, Carol L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Ward, DM (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM darren.ward@humboldt.edu RI Ward, Darren/F-1203-2010 OI Ward, Darren/0000-0002-0049-5299 FU NIEHS-SBRP [ES07373]; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; NOAA's Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystems and Climate FX We thank Brian Jackson, Vivien Taylor, and Arthur Baker at the Dartmouth Trace Element Analysis Core for sample analysis and Sasha Bartels for help in the field and laboratory. This project was funded by NIEHS-SBRP grant ES07373 and the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; NOAA's Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystems and Climate supported D.M.W. during preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 17 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 68 IS 12 BP 2080 EP 2089 DI 10.1139/F2011-123 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 877OA UT WOS:000299190600005 PM 27812237 ER PT J AU Wang, CF Zhang, SJ Hou, R Zhao, ZT Zheng, Q Xu, QJ Zheng, DW Wang, GH Liu, HQ Gao, XL Ma, JW Kistler, HC Kang, ZS Xu, JR AF Wang, Chenfang Zhang, Shijie Hou, Rui Zhao, Zhongtao Zheng, Qian Xu, Qijun Zheng, Dawei Wang, Guanghui Liu, Huiquan Gao, Xuli Ma, Ji-Wen Kistler, H. Corby Kang, Zhensheng Xu, Jin-Rong TI Functional Analysis of the Kinome of the Wheat Scab Fungus Fusarium graminearum SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; USTILAGO-MAYDIS; PLANT INFECTION; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; FISSION YEAST; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS AB As in other eukaryotes, protein kinases play major regulatory roles in filamentous fungi. Although the genomes of many plant pathogenic fungi have been sequenced, systematic characterization of their kinomes has not been reported. The wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum has 116 protein kinases (PK) genes. Although twenty of them appeared to be essential, we generated deletion mutants for the other 96 PK genes, including 12 orthologs of essential genes in yeast. All of the PK mutants were assayed for changes in 17 phenotypes, including growth, conidiation, pathogenesis, stress responses, and sexual reproduction. Overall, deletion of 64 PK genes resulted in at least one of the phenotypes examined, including three mutants blocked in conidiation and five mutants with increased tolerance to hyperosmotic stress. In total, 42 PK mutants were significantly reduced in virulence or non-pathogenic, including mutants deleted of key components of the cAMP signaling and three MAPK pathways. A number of these PK genes, including Fg03146 and Fg04770 that are unique to filamentous fungi, are dispensable for hyphal growth and likely encode novel fungal virulence factors. Ascospores play a critical role in the initiation of wheat scab. Twenty-six PK mutants were blocked in perithecia formation or aborted in ascosporogenesis. Additional 19 mutants were defective in ascospore release or morphology. Interestingly, F. graminearum contains two aurora kinase genes with distinct functions, which has not been reported in fungi. In addition, we used the interlog approach to predict the PK-PK and PK-protein interaction networks of F. graminearum. Several predicted interactions were verified with yeast two-hybrid or co-immunoprecipitation assays. To our knowledge, this is the first functional characterization of the kinome in plant pathogenic fungi. Protein kinase genes important for various aspects of growth, developmental, and infection processes in F. graminearum were identified in this study. C1 [Wang, Chenfang; Zhang, Shijie; Hou, Rui; Zhao, Zhongtao; Zheng, Qian; Xu, Qijun; Zheng, Dawei; Wang, Guanghui; Liu, Huiquan; Gao, Xuli; Ma, Ji-Wen; Kang, Zhensheng; Xu, Jin-Rong] NW A&F Univ, Purdue NWAFU Joint Res Ctr, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Chenfang; Zhang, Shijie; Hou, Rui; Zhao, Zhongtao; Zheng, Qian; Xu, Qijun; Zheng, Dawei; Wang, Guanghui; Liu, Huiquan; Gao, Xuli; Ma, Ji-Wen; Kang, Zhensheng; Xu, Jin-Rong] NW A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling, Shanxi, Peoples R China. [Wang, Guanghui; Xu, Jin-Rong] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Xu, JR (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Purdue NWAFU Joint Res Ctr, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling, Shanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn; jinrong@purdue.edu RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008; Liu, Huiquan/M-1587-2013 OI Liu, Huiquan/0000-0002-4723-845X FU National Major Project of Breeding for New Transgenic Organisms [2012ZX08009003]; Northwest AF University [Z111021101]; National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES [2007-35319-102681]; Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This work was supported the National Major Project of Breeding for New Transgenic Organisms (2012ZX08009003), Northwest A&F University research grant Z111021101, a grant from the National Research Initiative of the USDA CSREES (#2007-35319-102681), and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 80 TC 78 Z9 81 U1 5 U2 53 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 7 IS 12 AR e1002460 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002460 PG 21 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 876LH UT WOS:000299108500066 PM 22216007 ER PT J AU Royaert, S Phillips-Mora, W Leal, AMA Cariaga, K Brown, JS Kuhn, DN Schnell, RJ Motamayor, JC AF Royaert, Stefan Phillips-Mora, Wilbert Arciniegas Leal, Adriana M. Cariaga, Kathleen Brown, James Steven Kuhn, David N. Schnell, Raymond J. Motamayor, Juan Carlos TI Identification of marker-trait associations for self-compatibility in a segregating mapping population of Theobroma cacao L. SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Theobroma cacao; Self-incompatibility; Pollination; Genetic map; Marker-trait association ID LINKAGE MAP; INCOMPATIBILITY; POLLINATION; MECHANISMS; COCOA; YIELD; POD AB Increasing yield, quality, and disease resistance are important objectives for cacao breeding programs. Yield reduction in material improved for other traits is one of the main constraints caused by self-incompatibility (SI). Genes regulating SI in cacao have not been identified; therefore, knowledge of the location of genetic markers for and the effects of alleles determining SI will be useful for selecting uniformly self-compatible cultivars with higher yields. In a mapping population originating from a cross between a self-incompatible clone, Pound-7, and a self-compatible clone, UF-273, we observed important differences in flower retention at 15, 21, and 28 days after pollination. Our results suggest that the best time to measure flower retention is 15 days after pollination or later and that selecting self-compatibility (SC) thresholds is genotype specific. Using marker-trait association analysis we identified one marker, mTcCIR222, strongly associated with SC, as well as three surrounding markers (mTcCIR168, mTcCIR115 and mTcCIR158), all located near the proximal end of linkage group 4. These markers are currently being tested in our marker-assisted selection program. C1 [Motamayor, Juan Carlos] USDA ARS, MARS Inc, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Phillips-Mora, Wilbert; Arciniegas Leal, Adriana M.] Trop Agr Res & Higher Educ Ctr CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. [Motamayor, Juan Carlos] MARS Inc, Hackettstown, NJ 07840 USA. RP Motamayor, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, MARS Inc, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM juan.motamayor@effem.com RI Phillips-Mora, Wilbert/M-2281-2016 OI Phillips-Mora, Wilbert/0000-0002-7707-3705 FU Mars, Inc. [58-6631-6-123] FX We would like to thank Tony Alfaro and Allan Mata Quiros at CATIE. Thanks are due to Cecile Tondo and Belinda Martineau for helpful comments on the manuscript. We also would like to thank Mars, Inc. and their funding of Trust Agreement # 58-6631-6-123 that in part supported this research. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD DEC PY 2011 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1159 EP 1168 DI 10.1007/s11295-011-0403-5 PG 10 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 881SE UT WOS:000299507700006 ER PT J AU Di Prisco, G Zhang, X Pennacchio, F Caprio, E Li, JL Evans, JD DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Hamilton, M Chen, YP AF Di Prisco, Gennaro Zhang, Xuan Pennacchio, Francesco Caprio, Emilio Li, Jilian Evans, Jay D. DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Hamilton, Michele Chen, Yan Ping TI Dynamics of Persistent and Acute Deformed Wing Virus Infections in Honey Bees, Apis mellifera SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE bee; viruses; Varroa; vitellogenin; temperature ID COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; MITE VARROA-JACOBSONI; VERTICAL-TRANSMISSION; PARALYSIS VIRUS; YOLK PROTEINS; L.; DESTRUCTOR; VITELLOGENIN; PREVALENCE; LONGEVITY AB The dynamics of viruses are critical to our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Using honey bee Deformed wing virus (DWV) as a model, we conducted field and laboratory studies to investigate the roles of abiotic and biotic stress factors as well as host health conditions in dynamics of virus replication in honey bees. The results showed that temperature decline could lead to not only significant decrease in the rate for pupae to emerge as adult bees, but also an increased severity of the virus infection in emerged bees, partly explaining the high levels of winter losses of managed honey bees, Apis mellifera, around the world. By experimentally exposing adult bees with variable levels of parasitic mite Varroa destructor, we showed that the severity of DWV infection was positively correlated with the density and time period of Varroa mite infestation, confirming the role of Varroa mites in virus transmission and activation in honey bees. Further, we showed that host conditions have a significant impact on the outcome of DWV infection as bees that originate from strong colonies resist DWV infection and replication significantly better than bee originating from weak colonies. The information obtained from this study has important implications for enhancing our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and can be used to develop effective disease control strategies for honey bees. C1 [Evans, Jay D.; Hamilton, Michele; Chen, Yan Ping] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Di Prisco, Gennaro; Pennacchio, Francesco; Caprio, Emilio] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Entomol & Zool Agr Filippo Silvestri, I-80055 Naples, Italy. [Zhang, Xuan] Yunnan Agr Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Li, Jilian] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Apicultural Res, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gennaro.diprisco@unina.it; zhang.xuan.yn@gmail.com; f.pennacchio@unina.it; emcaprio@unina.it; zhang.xuan.yn@gmail.com; jay.evans@ars.usda.gov; Gloria.Hoffman@ars.usda.gov; michele.hamilton@ars.usda.gov; judy.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 FU Italian Ministry of Agriculture; Chinese department of Agriculture; apiculture research and service system [CARS-45-ksj14]; USDA-CAP [2010-85118-05718] FX This research was supported by grants from Italian Ministry of Agriculture (project 'APENET: monitoring and research in apiculture'), Chinese department of Agriculture, apiculture research and service system project (No: CARS-45-ksj14), and the USDA-CAP grant (2010-85118-05718). NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 33 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 12 BP 2425 EP 2441 DI 10.3390/v3122425 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA 882CF UT WOS:000299538200004 ER PT J AU Atwood, TC Young, JK Beckmann, JP Breck, SW Fike, J Rhodes, OE Bristow, KD AF Atwood, Todd C. Young, Julie K. Beckmann, Jon P. Breck, Stewart W. Fike, Jennifer Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. Bristow, Kirby D. TI Modeling connectivity of black bears in a desert sky island archipelago SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Border fence; Corridor; Genetic connectivity; Landscape connectivity; Ursus americanus ID LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; CENTRAL ARIZONA; BROWN BEARS; CONSERVATION; ECOLOGY; MOVEMENTS; MEXICO AB Landscape features such as rivers, mountains, desert basins, roads, and impermeable man-made structures may influence dispersal and gene flow among populations, thereby creating spatial structure across the landscape. In the US-Mexico borderland, urbanization and construction of the border fence have the potential to increase genetic subdivision and vulnerability to isolation in large mammal populations by bisecting movement corridors that have enabled dispersal between adjacent Sky Island mountain ranges. We examined genetic variation in black bears (Ursus americanus) from three regions in central and southern Arizona, US, to assess genetic and landscape connectivity in the US-Mexico border Sky Islands. We found that the three regions grouped into two subpopulations: the east-central subpopulation comprised of individuals sampled in the central highland and high desert regions, and the border subpopulation comprised of individuals sampled in the southern Sky Islands. Occupancy for the border subpopulation of black bears was influenced by cover type and distance to water, and occupancy-based corridor models identified 14 potential corridors connecting border Sky Island habitat cores with the east-central subpopulation. Biological quality of corridors, defined as length:width ratio and proportions of suitable habitat within corridors, declined with Sky Island dispersion. Our results show that black bears in the border subpopulation are moderately isolated from the east-central subpopulation, the main population segment of black bears in Arizona, and that connectivity for border bears may be vulnerable to anthropogenic activities, such as those associated with urbanization and trans-border security. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Atwood, Todd C.; Breck, Stewart W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Atwood, Todd C.; Bristow, Kirby D.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA. [Young, Julie K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Predator Res Facil, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Young, Julie K.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Beckmann, Jon P.] N Amer Program, Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Fike, Jennifer; Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Atwood, TC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM todd.c.atwood@aphis.usda.gov FU Arizona Game and Fish Department's Research Branch [W-78-R]; Arizona Game and Fish Department; Safari Club International; Nature Conservancy-Northern Mexico Program; Summerlee Foundation; National Wildlife Research Center; Wildlife Conservation Society FX J. Ng, R. Butler, T. Smith, and S. Boe provided assistance with data collection. S. Stone, B. Wake ling, L Ordway, M. Disney, R. Thompson, M. Crabb, and J. Hanna helped coordinate collection of additional bear samples. We thank the Commandant of Fort Huachuca for providing access to the base. Funding was provided through the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act Project W-78-R of the Arizona Game and Fish Department's Research Branch, Arizona Game and Fish Department's Habitat Conservation Program and Wildlife Conservation Fund, Safari Club International, The Nature Conservancy-Northern Mexico Program, Summerlee Foundation, National Wildlife Research Center, and Wildlife Conservation Society. NR 58 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 10 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 144 IS 12 BP 2851 EP 2862 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.08.002 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 868KF UT WOS:000298521500015 ER PT J AU Piovia-Scott, J Pope, KL Lawler, SP Cole, EM Foley, JE AF Piovia-Scott, Jonah Pope, Karen L. Lawler, Sharon P. Cole, Esther M. Foley, Janet E. TI Factors related to the distribution and prevalence of the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Rana cascadae and other amphibians in the Klamath Mountains SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Chytridiomycosis; Taricha granulosa; Anaxyrus boreas; Pseudacris regilla; Generalized linear mixed model ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; INTRODUCED TROUT; PCR ASSAY; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; FROGS; AUSTRALIA; MORTALITY; TEMPERATURE; CALIFORNIA AB The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which causes the disease chytridiomycosis, has been associated with declines and extinctions of montane amphibians worldwide. To gain insight into factors affecting its distribution and prevalence we focus on the amphibian community of the Klamath Mountains in northwest California. The Cascades frog (Rana cascadae), one of the most common amphibians in these mountains, experienced increased mortality as a result of Bd exposure in laboratory trials and has experienced recent, dramatic declines in other parts of California. We surveyed 112 sites in the Klamaths, all of which supported R. cascadae between 1999 and 2002, for amphibians and Bd to (1) determine the distribution of Bd, (2) evaluate changes in the distribution of R. cascadae, and (3) assess associations between potential biotic and abiotic drivers and Bd infection. Bd was widely distributed in the Klamath Mountains - we detected the pathogen at 64% of sites. R. cascadae was found at 79% of sites, and was often infected with Bd. These results suggest that Bd has not caused dramatic declines in R. cascadae in the Klamaths in recent years. Subadult R cascadae had a higher Bd prevalence than other R. cascadae life stages (subadults: 36%, adults: 25%, metamorphs: 4%, larvae: 1%), and while the probability of infection decreased over the season for adults, it did not for subadults, suggesting that subadults may be more vulnerable to chytridiomycosis than other R. cascadae life stages. Bd prevalence in It cascadae was highest early in the season at high-elevation sites, which may indicate that populations inhabiting high elevation sites may have a greater risk of being affected by chytridiomycosis. Three other common amphibian species also tested positive for Bd: Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla), western toad (Anaxyrus boreas), and rough-skinned newt (Taricha granulosa). (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Piovia-Scott, Jonah; Lawler, Sharon P.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Piovia-Scott, Jonah; Foley, Janet E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Vet Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pope, Karen L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Lawler, Sharon P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cole, Esther M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Piovia-Scott, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jpioviascott@ucdavis.edu FU California Department of Fish and Game; UC Davis REACH IGERT; United States Fish and Wildlife Service FX We thank Maxwell Joseph, Colleen Kamoroff, Michael Saxton, Sherilyn Munger, Stephanie Porter, Joshua Mell, and Heather Rowe for help in the field; Colleen Kamoroff and Maxwell Joseph for help in the laboratory; Hart Welsh and the California Department of Fish and Game for use of survey data on Klamath Range amphibians; Becky Howard for database support; and Jan Werren and Shannon Chapin for help with maps. This project was funded by grants from the California Department of Fish and Game (made possible by Betsy Bolster and H. Bradley Shaffer), the UC Davis REACH IGERT, and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (made possible by Cathy Johnson and Kevin Aceituno). NR 61 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 144 IS 12 BP 2913 EP 2921 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.08.008 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 868KF UT WOS:000298521500021 ER PT J AU Waterman, RC Roberts, AJ Geary, TW Grings, EE Alexander, LJ MacNeil, MD AF Waterman, Richard C. Roberts, Andrew J. Geary, Thomas W. Grings, Elaine E. Alexander, Leeson J. MacNeil, Michael D. TI Effect of reduced heifer nutrition during in utero and post-weaning development on glucose and acetate kinetics SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Acetate irreversible loss test; Feed level; Glucose tolerance test; Harvested feed; Oxidative metabolism; Serum metabolites ID REPLACEMENT BEEF HEIFERS; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; INSULIN-SECRETION; FATTY-ACIDS; COWS; WEIGHT; PUBERTY; AGE; METABOLISM; RUMINANTS AB Energetic efficiency was evaluated in composite bred heifers born from dams receiving 1.8 or 1.2 kg/d winter supplementation for approximately 80 d before parturition. Heifers were then developed post-weaning and randomly assigned to heifer development treatments of either control (100 %; ad libitum; n 8/year) or restricted (80 %; fed 80% of supplementation fed to controls adjusted to a common body weight: n 8/year) in a 2-year study. A glucose tolerance test (GTT) and acetate irreversible loss test (AILT) were administered to heifers at the termination of a 140 d development period when the heifers were approximately 403 d of age and consumed a silage-based diet, and again at 940 d of age when pregnant with their second calf and grazing dormant forage. No differences were measured (P>0.08) for dam winter nutrition or heifer development treatment for baseline serum metabolites or measures in either the GTT or the AILT. However, changes in baseline serum concentrations (P>0.05) were different between metabolic challenges, which occurred at different stages of development. No difference in acetate disappearance (P-0.18) and half-life (P-0.66) was measured between the two metabolic challenges. A trend for glucose half-life to be shorter in heifers born from dams receiving in utero winter treatments that supplied 1.2 kg/d of winter supplementation was observed (P=0.083). Heifers developed with lower total DM intake during a 140 d development period had similar glucose and acetate incorporation rates as ad libitum-fed heifers when evaluated at two different production stages. C1 [Waterman, Richard C.; Roberts, Andrew J.; Geary, Thomas W.; Grings, Elaine E.; Alexander, Leeson J.; MacNeil, Michael D.] Agr Res Serv, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, USDA, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Waterman, RC (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, USDA, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM richard.waterman@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5434-31000-014-00D] FX The present study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project no. 5434-31000-014-00D). The United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. All agency services are available without discrimination. The present study was conducted under a cooperative agreement between the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the United States Department of Agriculture, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station or the authors, and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that also may be suitable. R. C. W., A. J. R., T. W. G., E. E. G., L. J. A. and M. D. M. designed the study; R. C. W., A. J. R., T. W. G., E. E. G. and L. J. A. conducted the study; R. C. W. wrote the manuscript; R. C. W. and A. J. R. had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. R. C. W. gratefully acknowledges W. Kelly, S. Reil, S. Bellows, B. Shipp, K. Neary, M. Woods, D. Armstrong, C. R. Harris, D. Phelps, T. Mott, R. J. Hubbard, M. Landers and H. Stroh for their technical assistance. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 106 IS 11 BP 1702 EP 1712 DI 10.1017/S0007114511002224 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 862RF UT WOS:000298111000012 PM 21736769 ER PT J AU Westerling, AL Bryant, BP Preisler, HK Holmes, TP Hidalgo, HG Das, T Shrestha, SR AF Westerling, A. L. Bryant, B. P. Preisler, H. K. Holmes, T. P. Hidalgo, H. G. Das, T. Shrestha, S. R. TI Climate change and growth scenarios for California wildfire SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FIRE REGIMES; FOREST-FIRES; BURNED AREA; PROBABILITY; EXAMPLE; MODEL; USA AB Large wildfire occurrence and burned area are modeled using hydroclimate and landsurface characteristics under a range of future climate and development scenarios. The range of uncertainty for future wildfire regimes is analyzed over two emissions pathways (the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios [SRES] A2 and B1 scenarios); three global climate models (Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques CM3, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory CM2.1 and National Center for Atmospheric Research PCM1); three scenarios for future population growth and development footprint; and two thresholds for defining the wildland-urban interface relative to housing density. Results were assessed for three 30-year time periods centered on 2020, 2050, and 2085, relative to a 30-year reference period centered on 1975. Increases in wildfire burned area are anticipated for most scenarios, although the range of outcomes is large and increases with time. The increase in wildfire burned area associated with the higher emissions pathway (SRES A2) is substantial, with increases statewide ranging from 36% to 74% by 2085, and increases exceeding 100% in much of the forested areas of Northern California in every SRES A2 scenario by 2085. C1 [Westerling, A. L.; Shrestha, S. R.] Univ Calif, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Bryant, B. P.] RAND Corp, Pardee RAND Grad Sch, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Preisler, H. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA USA. [Holmes, T. P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hidalgo, H. G.] Univ Costa Rica, Sch Phys, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Hidalgo, H. G.] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Geophys Res, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Das, T.] CH2MHILL Inc, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. RP Westerling, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif, 5200 N Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM awesterling@ucmerced.edu OI Shrestha, Sudhir/0000-0001-6820-5879; Hidalgo, Hugo/0000-0003-4638-0742 NR 39 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 6 U2 79 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD DEC PY 2011 VL 109 SU 1 SI SI BP 445 EP 463 DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0329-9 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 871SF UT WOS:000298757300023 ER PT J AU Shaw, MR Pendleton, L Cameron, DR Morris, B Bachelet, D Klausmeyer, K MacKenzie, J Conklin, DR Bratman, GN Lenihan, J Haunreiter, E Daly, C Roehrdanz, PR AF Shaw, M. Rebecca Pendleton, Linwood Cameron, D. Richard Morris, Belinda Bachelet, Dominique Klausmeyer, Kirk MacKenzie, Jason Conklin, David R. Bratman, Gregrory N. Lenihan, James Haunreiter, Erik Daly, Christopher Roehrdanz, Patrick R. TI The impact of climate change on California's ecosystem services SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; CARBON; FIRE; VALUATION; SINK; CO2 AB Ecosystem services play a crucial role in sustaining human well-being and economic viability. People benefit substantially from the delivery of ecosystem services, for which substitutes usually are costly or unavailable. Climate change will substantially alter or eliminate certain ecosystem services in the future. To better understand the consequences of climate change and to develop effective means of adapting to them, it is critical that we improve our understanding of the links between climate, ecosystem service production, and the economy. This study examines the impact of climate change on the terrestrial distribution and the subsequent production and value of two key ecosystem services in California: (1) carbon sequestration and (2) natural (i.e. non-irrigated) forage production for livestock. Under various scenarios of future climate change, we predict that the provision and value of ecosystem services decline under most, but not all, future greenhouse gas trajectories. The predicted changes would result in decreases in the economic output for the state and global economy and illustrate some of the hidden costs of climate change. Since existing information is insufficient to conduct impact analysis across most ecosystem services, a comprehensive research program focused on estimating the impacts of climate change on ecosystem services will be important for understanding, mitigating and adapting to future losses in ecosystem service production and the economic value they provide. C1 [Shaw, M. Rebecca; Cameron, D. Richard; Klausmeyer, Kirk; MacKenzie, Jason; Haunreiter, Erik] Environm Def Fund, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Pendleton, Linwood] Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Morris, Belinda] Environm Def Fund, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Bachelet, Dominique; Lenihan, James] Oregon State Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Conklin, David R.; Daly, Christopher] Conservat Biol Inst, Corvallis, OR USA. [Bratman, Gregrory N.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Roehrdanz, Patrick R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Shaw, MR (reprint author), Environm Def Fund, 123 Mission St 28th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM rshaw@edf.org; linwood.pendleton@duke.edu; david.conklin@lifeboatearth.org NR 48 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 63 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD DEC PY 2011 VL 109 SU 1 SI SI BP 465 EP 484 DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0313-4 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 871SF UT WOS:000298757300024 ER PT J AU Olsen, SC Johnson, C AF Olsen, S. C. Johnson, C. TI Comparison of Abortion and Infection after Experimental Challenge of Pregnant Bison and Cattle with Brucella abortus Strain 2308 SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; RB51; VACCINATION; EFFICACY; PROTECTION; CLEARANCE; PATHOLOGY AB A comparative study was conducted using data from naive bison (n = 45) and cattle (n = 46) from 8 and 6 studies, respectively, in which a standardized Brucella abortus strain 2308 experimental challenge was administered during midgestation. The incidence of abortion, fetal infection, uterine or mammary infection, or infection in maternal tissues after experimental challenge was greater (P < 0.05) in bison than in cattle. In animals that did abort, the time between experimental challenge and abortion was shorter (P < 0.05) for bison than for cattle. Brucella colonization of four target tissues and serologic responses on the standard tube agglutination test at the time of abortion did not differ (P > 0.05) between cattle and bison. The results of our study suggest that naive bison and cattle have similarities and differences after experimental exposure to a virulent B. abortus strain. Although our data suggest that bison may be more susceptible to infection with Brucella, some pathogenic characteristics of brucellosis were similar between bison and cattle. C1 [Olsen, S. C.; Johnson, C.] ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, NADC, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Olsen, SC (reprint author), ARS, Infect Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, NADC, USDA, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM steven.olsen@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 18 IS 12 BP 2075 EP 2078 DI 10.1128/CVI.05383-11 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 863CX UT WOS:000298141500010 PM 21976222 ER PT J AU Stabel, JR Waters, WR Bannantine, JP Lyashchenko, K AF Stabel, J. R. Waters, W. R. Bannantine, J. P. Lyashchenko, K. TI Mediation of Host Immune Responses after Immunization of Neonatal Calves with a Heat-Killed Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis Vaccine SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DAIRY HERDS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; GAMMA-INTERFERON; BOVIS INFECTION; RAPID DETECTION; JOHNES-DISEASE; CERVUS-ELAPHUS; CATTLE; DIAGNOSIS; ANTIBODY AB A major drawback of current whole-cell vaccines for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the interference with diagnostic tests for bovine tuberculosis (TB) and paratuberculosis. The current study was designed to explore the effects of immunization with a heat-killed whole-cell vaccine (Mycopar) on diagnostic test performance and to characterize host immune responses to vaccination over a 12-month period. Neonatal dairy calves were assigned to treatment groups consisting of (i) controls, not vaccinated (n = 5), and (ii) vaccinates, vaccinated with Mycopar vaccine (n = 5). The results from this study demonstrated a rapid initiation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in vaccinated calves by 7 days, with robust responses throughout the study. Vaccinated calves also had responses to M. bovis purified protein derivative tuberculin (BoPPD) but minimal reactivity to ESAT-6/CFP-10, an M. bovis recombinant fusion protein. The levels of antigen-specific interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10 were markedly decreased in vaccinated calves between days 7 and 90 of the study but thereafter were similar to the levels in controls. Vaccinated calves began to seroconvert at 4 months, with 4/5 calves having detectable M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis antibody by 6 months. The responses in test platforms for bovine TB were negligible in the vaccinate group, as only one calf had a response, which was in the suspect range of the comparative cervical skin test. Serum antibody responses to M. bovis antigens ESAT-6, CFP-10, and MPB83 were negative on the Vet TB STAT-PAK, DPP VetTB, and DPP BovidTB tests. These results suggest that the Mycopar vaccine will interfere with diagnostic tools for paratuberculosis but result in low interference with the comparative cervical skin test and emerging serologic tests for M. bovis. C1 [Stabel, J. R.; Waters, W. R.; Bannantine, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Lyashchenko, K.] Chembio Diagnost Syst, Medford, NY 11763 USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave,Bldg 20, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 18 IS 12 BP 2079 EP 2089 DI 10.1128/CVI.05421-11 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 863CX UT WOS:000298141500011 PM 22030370 ER PT J AU Prathapan, KD Konstantinov, AS AF Prathapan, K. D. Konstantinov, A. S. TI A NEW SPECIES-GROUP IN APHTHONA CHEVROLAT (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FROM SOUTHERN INDIA SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE flea beetles; taxonomy; host plants; key to species-groups AB A new species-group in the flea beetle genus Aphthona Chevrolat is defined and Aphthona yercaudensis Prathapan and Konstantinov, new species, from southern India is described. A key to Aphthona species-groups in the Oriental Region is provided. Herbaceous species of Phyllanthus L. (Euphorbiaceae) are recorded as the host plants of Aphthona bombayensis Scherer. C1 [Prathapan, K. D.] Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Trivandrum 695522, Kerala, India. [Konstantinov, A. S.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Prathapan, KD (reprint author), Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Vellayani PO, Trivandrum 695522, Kerala, India. EM prathapankd@gmail.com; alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov FU Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Trivandrum FX We are indebted to Anoop P. Balan and A. K. Pradeep for the identification of the host plants. PKD's work on flea beetles is supported by the Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment, Trivandrum. An Ernst Mayr travel grant and a Smithsonian short-term visitor grant enabled PKD to study the historic flea beetle collections in the Natural History Museum, London, and the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC. We thank Adelita Linzmeier (Depto. Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil), Allen Norrbom, Jens Prena, and Norman Woodley (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Washington, DC), and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and suggestions on an earlier version of this manuscript. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 65 IS 4 BP 329 EP 334 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 877NU UT WOS:000299190000001 ER PT J AU Mukhtar, M Rasool, KG Parrella, MP Sheikh, QI Pain, A Lopez-Llorca, LV Aldryhim, YN Mankin, RW Aldawood, AS AF Mukhtar, Muhammad Rasool, Khawaja G. Parrella, Michael P. Sheikh, Qaiser I. Pain, Arnab Vicente Lopez-Llorca, Luis Aldryhim, Yousif N. Mankin, R. W. Aldawood, Abdulrahman S. TI NEW INITIATIVES FOR MANAGEMENT OF RED PALM WEEVIL THREATS TO HISTORICAL ARABIAN DATE PALMS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; Phoenix dactylifera; biosensor; acoustic detection ID RHYNCHOPHORUS-FERRUGINEUS COLEOPTERA; FUNGUS BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CURCULIONIDAE; COCONUT; OLIVIER AB The date palm is an important part of the religious, cultural, and economic heritage of the Arabian Peninsula. This heritage is threatened by the recent invasion of the red palm weevil (RPW) from Southeast Asia. In Saudi Arabia, a national campaign for control of RPW by containment/destruction of infested plants, injection and spraying of biochemical and chemical pesticide treatments in heavily infested and newly infested areas, and the use of pheromone/kairomone traps for monitoring and reduction of RPW populations has been only partially successful in controlling its spread. New methods are needed to help manage the RPW populations. At a workshop in Riyadh in March 2010, plans were recommended to 1) devise and test new biological, chemical, and biotechnological methods to manage RPW in farms and urban palms; 2) compare the economic and logistic feasibility of acoustic and other detection methods against RPW larvae; and 3) develop biosensor indicators of RPW infestation in date palms. If these initiatives are successful, they will be of great assistance to landscape and orchard managers dealing with such a challenging pest of a highly valuable tree. C1 [Mukhtar, Muhammad] Islamia Univ Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. [Rasool, Khawaja G.; Aldryhim, Yousif N.; Aldawood, Abdulrahman S.] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Plant Protect, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Parrella, Michael P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sheikh, Qaiser I.] Univ Sheffield, Western Bank, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol MBB, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Pain, Arnab] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Chem Life Sci & Engn Div, CBRC, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Vicente Lopez-Llorca, Luis] Univ Alicante, Dept Marine Sci & Appl Biol, Multidisciplinary Inst Environm Studies Ramon Mar, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. [Mankin, R. W.] ARS, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Mukhtar, M (reprint author), Islamia Univ Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. EM mukhtar.muhammad@gmail.com; krasool@ksu.edu.sa; mpparrella@ucdavis.edu; q.i.sheikh@sheffield.ac.uk; arnab.pain@kaust.edu.sa; lv.lopez@ua.es; aldryhim@ksu.edu.sa; Richard.Mankin@ars.usda.gov; aldawood@ksu.edu.sa RI Pain, Arnab/L-5766-2015 OI Pain, Arnab/0000-0002-1755-2819 FU Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation FX Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation provided funding for the red palm weevil workshop. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 21 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 733 EP 736 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200001 ER PT J AU Mankin, RW AF Mankin, Richard W. TI RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE USE OF ACOUSTIC SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING TOOLS TO TARGET EARLY INFESTATIONS OF RED PALM WEEVIL IN AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Rhynchophorus ferrugineus; acoustic detection; invasive species ID RHYNCHOPHORUS-FERRUGINEUS; LARVAE AB Much of the damage caused by red palm weevil larvae to date palms, ornamental palms, and palm offshoots could be mitigated by early detection and treatment of infestations. Acoustic technology has potential to enable early detection, but the short, high-frequency sound impulses produced by red palm weevil larvae can be difficult to distinguish from certain similar sounds produced by other insects or small animals, or by wind-induced tapping noises. Considerable research has been conducted to develop instruments and signal processing software that selectively amplify insect-produced sounds and identify signal features that distinguish sounds produced by a particular target insect from those produced by other causes. Progress has been made in identifying unique spectral and temporal patterns in the sounds produced by larvae during movement and feeding activities. This report describes some of the new instrumentation and signal analyses available for early, reliable detection of red palm weevil larvae in groves and greenhouses. C1 ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. FU Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation FX Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation provided funding for the red palm weevil workshop. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 16 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 761 EP 765 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200005 ER PT J AU Fiaboe, KKM Mankin, RW Roda, AL Kairo, MTK Johanns, C AF Fiaboe, K. K. M. Mankin, R. W. Roda, A. L. Kairo, M. T. K. Johanns, C. TI PHEROMONE-FOOD-BAIT TRAP AND ACOUSTIC SURVEYS OF RHYNCHOPHORUS FERRUGINEUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN CURACAO SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Caribbean; invasive species; liquid bait weevil; red palm weevil; signal processing analysis ID PALM WEEVILS; LARVAE AB Pheromone-food-bait trap and acoustic surveys were conducted in Curacao to monitor a recently discovered invasion of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus L. (RPW). This pest of economic importance in regions of Asia, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean was not observed in the Americas until 2009. Due to its economic and environmental damage, there is an urgent need to manage or eradicate RPW in Curacao to reduce its impact on the island as well as avoid the possibility of transference to surrounding regions. Studies were conducted to explore methods available for monitoring adults with traps and acoustically assessing larval infestations in trees in the warm, dry but humid Curacao environment - considering also some special challenges of urban conditions, such as increased traffic noise or unwanted human curiosity that could negatively affect monitoring success. Bucket traps baited with 4-methyl-5-nonanol/4-methyl-5-nonanone pheromone lure, ethyl acetate and a molasses - ethylene glycol mixture captured RPW adults at consistent rates for ca. 7/d, but the rates of capture were reduced for the 9th to 14th d of a two-week sampling period. The weevils were observed to escape rapidly from dry traps but not from liquid-containing traps. A portable, user-friendly acoustic sensor system enabled identification of larvae in individual infested trees through the use of signal processing analyses that screened out bird and wind noise. This information gained about liquid baits and acoustic differences between background noise and RPW-produced sounds can assist future efforts to monitor, control, or eradicate RPW in Curacao as well as other urban landscapes. C1 [Fiaboe, K. K. M.; Kairo, M. T. K.] Florida Mech & Agr Univ, Coll Engn Sci Technol & Agr, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Fiaboe, K. K. M.] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mankin, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Roda, A. L.] Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Miami, FL USA. [Johanns, C.] Dept Agr Husb & Fisheries, Willemstad Curacao, Netherlands. RP Fiaboe, KKM (reprint author), Florida Mech & Agr Univ, Coll Engn Sci Technol & Agr, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL USA. FU Florida AM University [10-8100-1503-CA]; USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine FX The authors thank the Exotic Garden Nursery for the use of their facilities and assistance, Seth Britch (USDA-ARS-CMAVE) for mapping of GIS coordinates, and Edward Jones (USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST) for help analyzing the trap data. The study was supported through the U.S. Farm Bill section 10201 funding through a Cooperative Agreement (10-8100-1503-CA) between Florida A&M University and USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the USDA of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 766 EP 773 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200006 ER PT J AU Serra, CA Ferreira, M Garcia, S Santana, L Castillo, M Nolasco, C Morales, P Holler, T Roda, A Aluja, M Sivinski, J AF Serra, Colmar A. Ferreira, Mileida Garcia, Socorro Santana, Loeny Castillo, Maira Nolasco, Caridad Morales, Paula Holler, Timothy Roda, Amy Aluja, Martin Sivinski, John TI ESTABLISHMENT OF THE WEST INDIAN FRUIT FLY (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) PARASITOID DORYCTOBRACON AREOLATUS (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Anastrepha obliqua; mango; biological control; invasive pest ID FLIES DIPTERA; LARVAL-PUPAL; ANASTREPHA; MEXICO; GUILD AB The West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), infests numerous fruit species, particularly Anacardiaceae and most importantly mango (Mangifera indica L.). Widespread in the Neotropics, it was first reported in Hispaniola nearly 70 years ago. Continental populations are attacked by the opiine braconid parasitoids Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) and Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti). Largely sympatric, the two species co-exist through microhabitat specializations based on different ovipositor lengths and asymmetries in larval competitive abilities during multiparasitism. Utetes anastrephae, but not D. areolatus, is apparently native to the Dominican Republic. Since the two parasitoids share an evolutionary history over a substantial portion of their distributions it was proposed that 1) D. areolatus would find the Dominican environment suitable, as does U anastrephae; and 2) that there would be no negative interactions when the two species were reunited and overall parasitism would increase. Immediately following releases, D. areolatus averaged 9% of adult insects recovered and two years after releases were concluded constituted a mean of 13%. By then the parasitoid had spread up to 50 km from release sites. There was no evidence of competitive exclusion of U anastrephae by D. areolatus. Another opiine biological control candidate, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), could be considered for release and establishment. Parasitoids alone are unlikely to provide economic levels of control, but can serve as components of an integrated pest management program established to maintain "fly-free" or "low prevalence" fruit export zones. C1 [Serra, Colmar A.; Ferreira, Mileida; Garcia, Socorro; Santana, Loeny] IDIAF, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Castillo, Maira] UASD, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Nolasco, Caridad] DSV MA, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Morales, Paula] USDA APHIS IS, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Holler, Timothy] USDA APHIS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Roda, Amy] USDA APHIS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33125 USA. [Aluja, Martin] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. [Sivinski, John] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Serra, CA (reprint author), IDIAF, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. FU USDA, APHIS-IS; INECOL; Mexican Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [46846-Q]; Mexican Campana Nacional contra Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca-Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura (SAGARPA-IICA) FX We thank Dr. Robert Wharton, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University who originally identified the parasitoids. Caroline Cohen USDA, APHIS-IS provided essential funding. Invaluable technical assistance was provided by Daniel Virgil, Eugenio Rodriguez, Jose Asiatic, Pedro Marte, Raul Nina, Jose Volquez (all DSV-MA), Xiomara Cayetano, Teofila Reinoso (IDIAF-CENTA), Lucia Silverio, Juan de Dios Moya, Jose Luis Gonzalez y Luis Antonio Cabrera (ID-IAF-EEML). Portions of this work were financially supported by INECOL, and by grants to MA from the Mexican Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT Grant No. 46846-Q) and the Mexican Campana Nacional contra Moscas de la Fruta (Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganaderia, Desarrollo Rural y Pesca-Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacion para la Agricultura (SAGARPA-IICA). NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 809 EP 816 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200012 ER PT J AU Pena, JE Crane, JH Capinera, JL Duncan, RE Kendra, PE Ploetz, RC McLean, S Brar, G Thomas, MC Cave, RD AF Pena, Jorge E. Crane, Jonathan H. Capinera, John L. Duncan, Rita E. Kendra, Paul E. Ploetz, Randy C. McLean, Stephen Brar, Gurpreet Thomas, Michael C. Cave, Ronald D. TI CHEMICAL CONTROL OF THE REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE, XYLEBORUS GLABRATUS, AND OTHER SCOLYTINAE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Redbay ambrosia beetle; avocado; Persea; Xyleborus; Xylosandrus; Hypothenemus; chemical control ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ELM BARK BEETLE; LAURACEAE; BIOLOGY; WILT; INSECTICIDES; SYMBIONT; PATHOGEN; AVOCADO AB The redbay ambrosia beetle (RAB), Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is an adventive pest of Lauraceae in the southeastern U.S. This wood-boring insect vectors a lethal fungus, Raffaelea lauricola T. C. Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva, the causal agent of laurel wilt (LW) disease. The vector-pathogen complex is responsible for extensive mortality of native Persea trees in South Carolina, Georgia, and northern Florida, and now poses an imminent threat to the avocado (Persea americana Mill.) industry in south Florida. While chemical control of the vector is not viewed as the primary solution, control tactics should be made available to Florida avocado growers. Field and laboratory tests were conducted using avocado bolts, potted avocado trees, and field grown swampbay trees (Persea palustris (Raf) Sarg.) treated with contact and systemic insecticides. Zeta-cypermethrin + bifenthrin and lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam provided the most consistent control of Scolytinae as contact insecticides, while methomyl, malathion, bifenthrin, and endosulfan were more variable in effectiveness. Avocado trees treated with fenpropathrin, cryolite Na Al fluoride, and lambda-cyhalothrin+thiametoxam had similar numbers of beetle entrance holes on treated trees as on the untreated control trees. No statistical differences were observed in disease severity on treated versus non-treated avocados or swampbay. Linear regressions between the number of RAB entrance holes per tree (x) and LW disease severity (y(a)) and between RAB entrance holes per tree (x) and recovery of R. lauricola (y(b),) were both significant. C1 [Pena, Jorge E.; Crane, Jonathan H.; Duncan, Rita E.; Ploetz, Randy C.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Capinera, John L.; McLean, Stephen; Brar, Gurpreet] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kendra, Paul E.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Thomas, Michael C.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Cave, Ronald D.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Pena, JE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. EM jepe@ifas.ufl.edu FU APHIS-PPQ FX We express heartfelt thanks to J. Alegria, Josh Konkol (TREC), Randy Burton (Fort Pierce), B. Nelson (UF-Citra) and M. Samuel-Foo for their help and support during this study, and Nancy Epsky (USDA-ARS, Miami, FL) and Zvi Mendel (Volcani Center, Tel Aviv, Israel) and three anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions with the manuscript. This research was partially funded by a grant from APHIS-PPQ to JEP. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 28 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 882 EP 896 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200024 ER PT J AU Duan, JJ Oppel, CB Ulyshen, MD Bauer, LS Lelito, J AF Duan, Jian J. Oppel, Craig B. Ulyshen, Michael D. Bauer, Leah S. Lelito, Jonathan TI BIOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORY OF TETRASTICHUS PLANIPENNISI (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE), A LARVAL ENDOPARASITOID OF THE EMERALD ASH BORER (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; parasitoid; fecundity; reproduction; development; synovigeny ID CHINA AB Tetrastichus planipennisi (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a gregarious larval endoparasitoid from China that is being released in the United States as a biocontrol agent of the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), an exotic beetle responsible for widespread ash mortality. The developmental time of immature stages, adult longevity, reproductive age, oviposition rate, and realized fecundity were determined in the laboratory under normal rearing conditions (25 +/- 2 degrees C, 65 +/- 10% RH, and L:D 16:8 hr photoperiod). It takes approximately four weeks to complete a single generation (from egg to adult) under normal rearing conditions. While male wasps lived for a median of 5 weeks, females lived significantly longer with a median survival time of 6 weeks and a maximum survival time of 9 weeks. Newly emerged females appeared to be as capable of producing progeny as older females, indicating that T planipennisi may be synovigenic. The average number of progeny per reproductive female remained relatively constant through the first 6 weeks of the trial with each reproductively active female producing 23-26 progeny each week. Lifetime realized fecundity of the adults averaged 57 progeny per reproductively active female with a female-to-male sex ratio of approximately 3:1; the maximum number of progeny produced by a single female was 108. These results suggest that T planipennisi may have several generations in the mid-Atlantic and Midwestern regions of United States, where normal growing seasons (with average temperature >25 degrees C) are normally four to five months (May-Sep). Because of the gregarious nature, long life span and oviposition period of adults, T planipennisi is likely to have multiple overlapping generations and has the potential to be an effective biocontrol agent against EAB. C1 [Duan, Jian J.; Oppel, Craig B.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Ulyshen, Michael D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bauer, Leah S.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan] USDA APHIS PPQ EAB Biocontrol Lab, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Duan, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM jian.duan@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 933 EP 940 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200030 ER PT J AU Ni, XZ Chen, YG Hibbard, BE Wilson, JP Williams, WP Buntin, GD Ruberson, JR Li, XC AF Ni, Xinzhi Chen, Yigen Hibbard, Bruce E. Wilson, Jeffrey P. Williams, W. Paul Buntin, G. David Ruberson, John R. Li, Xianchun TI FOLIAR RESISTANCE TO FALL ARMYWORM IN CORN GERMPLASM LINES THAT CONFER RESISTANCE TO ROOT- AND EAR-FEEDING INSECTS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE field screening; multiple insect resistance; foliage-, root-, and ear-feeding insect resistance; predator attraction ID EXPERIMENTAL MAIZE LINES; LEPIDOPTERA-NOCTUIDAE; BORER LEPIDOPTERA; CONVENTIONAL RESISTANCE; EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; INBRED LINES; SILK-MAYSIN; PREDATORS; CRAMBIDAE; REGISTRATION AB A holistic approach to developing new corn germplasm that confers multiple insect resistance in various plant tissues at different growth stages was examined. Eight corn germplasm lines were examined for their foliar resistance to fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)1 and natural enemy attraction at V6-V8 (or 6-8 leaf) stages in 2008 and 2009. Four corn germplasm lines with known levels of resistance to root- and ear-feeding insects ['CRW3(S1)C6', 'B37*H84', 'SIM6' and 'EPM61], and four germplasm entries with different levels of S. frugiperda resistance ('Mp708', 'Ab24E', 'FAW7061' and 'FAW7111') were evaluated in the study. All plants were manually infested with 15-20 neonate S. frugiperda larvae per plant, and injury was rated 7 and 14 d after infestation. Based on cluster analysis of S. frugiperda injury rating and predator survey data, 'Mp708' and 'FAW7061' were the most resistant, whereas 'Ab24E' and 'EPM6' were the most susceptible to fall armyworm feeding. The western corn rootworm-resistant 'CRW3(S1)C6' showed resistance to S. frugiperda feeding. Surveys for the diversity and abundance of predators of S. frugiperda in each experimental plot were also conducted 7 d after infestation. 'CRW3(S1)C6' and 'Ab24E' had the highest and lowest predator abundance, respectively. However, there was no direct correlation between S. frugiperda injury ratings and predator abundance. The current study demonstrated the feasibility of developing foliage-, root-, and ear-feeding insect-resistant germplasm covering multiple corn growth stages. In addition, the possibility of utilizing plant volatiles to attract predators, and reduce pest populations and crop damage is discussed. C1 [Ni, Xinzhi; Wilson, Jeffrey P.] Univ Georgia, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chen, Yigen] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Williams, W. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Ruberson, John R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. OI Ruberson, John/0000-0002-4475-8177 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 971 EP 981 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200034 ER PT J AU Yee, WL Goughnour, RB AF Yee, Wee L. Goughnour, Robert B. TI DIFFERENTIAL CAPTURES OF RHAGOLETIS POMONELLA (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) ON FOUR FLUORESCENT YELLOW RECTANGLE TRAPS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Apple maggot fly; Alpha Scents trap; Pherocon trap; ammonium bicarbonate; Washington state ID APPLE MAGGOT DIPTERA; CARIBBEAN FRUIT-FLY; DACUS-OLEAE FLIES; ATTRACTION; RESPONSES; CHERRY; LURES; WASHINGTON; PHEROCON; ORCHARDS AB Four commercial sticky fluorescent yellow rectangle traps differing in shades of yellow, fluorescence, and other features were compared for capturing apple maggot fly, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh). Traps were the Alpha Scents Yellow Card (Alpha Scents), Pherocon (R) AM (Pherocon), Multigard (R) AM (Multigard), and the Stiky (TM) Strips Insect Trap (Olson, small and large sizes), all baited with the same ammonium bicarbonate lure. L*, a*, and b* color space values indicated that the Alpha Scents trap was whiter (higher L*) and greener (lower a*) than the other traps, less yellow than the Pherocon trap, and more yellow (higher b*) than Multigard and Olson traps. The Pherocon trap had the highest relative fluorescence and was the brightest trap, followed in order by Multigard, Olson, and Alpha Scents traps. Various modified forms of the Alpha Scents trap captured significantly (1.5-6.4 times) more R. pomonella in choice tests than the Pherocon trap. The Alpha Scents trap captured 1.3-3.6 times more R. pomonella in paired choice tests than Pherocon, Multigard, and small and large Olson traps, and the Pherocon trap caught 1.4 times more R. pomonella than the Multigard trap (the Olson traps were not compared with these two traps). A combination of color and fluorescence features in the Alpha Scents trap could have contributed to its superior performance. These results suggest the Alpha Scents trap could be an alternative to the other traps tested for monitoring R. pomonella. C1 [Yee, Wee L.] USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Goughnour, Robert B.] Washington State Univ, Res & Extens Unit, Vancouver, WA 98665 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 998 EP 1009 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200038 ER PT J AU Niogret, J Kendra, PE Epsky, ND Heath, RR AF Niogret, Jerome Kendra, Paul E. Epsky, Nancy D. Heath, Robert R. TI COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TERPENOID EMISSIONS FROM FLORIDA HOST TREES OF THE REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE, XYLEBORUS GLABRATUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Lauraceae; avocado; sesquiterpenes; kairomones; a-copaene; b-caryophyllene; a-humulene and cadinene ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ESSENTIAL OIL LURES; BARK BEETLE; LAUREL WILT; PITYOGENES-BIDENTATUS; SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANT; ODOR PERCEPTION; FRUIT-FLIES; RAFFAELEA; LAURACEAE AB The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is an exotic wood-boring insect that vectors Raffaelea lauricola, the fungal pathogen responsible for laurel wilt, a lethal disease of trees in the Lauraceae. First detected in the U.S. near Savannah, GA in 2002, X. glabratus has since spread throughout the southeastern coastal plain causing high mortality in native Persea species, particularly redbay (P. borbonia) and swampbay (P. palustris). Currently, breeding populations of X. glabratus pose an imminent threat to the avocado (P. americana) industry in south Florida. There is a critical need for effective attractants to detect, monitor, and control the spread of this invasive pest. In an effort to identify host-based attractants for dispersing female X. glabratus, we conducted a comparative study of the volatile chemicals emitted from wood of six species of Lauraceae found in Florida: avocado (Persea americana), redbay (P borbonia), swampbay (P. palustris), silkbay (P. humilis), camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora), and lancewood (Ocotea coriacea). We compared chemical profiles to those obtained from wood of lychee, Litchi chinensis (Sapindaceae), a presumed non-host found to be highly attractive to X. glabratus in field tests. GC-MS analysis identified 11 terpenoid compounds common to all lauraceous species. Of these, 4 sesquiterpenes were also found in lychee: a-copaene, b-caryophyllene, a-humulene and cadinene. Future research will include field tests and laboratory bioassays to evaluate the roles of each of these potential kairomones. C1 [Niogret, Jerome; Kendra, Paul E.; Epsky, Nancy D.; Heath, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Kendra, PE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM paul.kendra@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System; NIFA; Florida Avocado Administrative Committee FX The authors thank Ricardo Joseph, Wayne Montgomery, and Mike Winterstein (USDA-ARS, Miami, Florida) for technical assistance; Patti Anderson (FDACS-DPI; Gainesville, Florida) for Persea identifications; Gretchen Pruett, Fred Lohrer, and Carl Weekley (Archbold Biological Station; Lake Placid, Florida), Tracy Magellen (Montgomery Botanical Center; Miami, Florida), Katrina Noland and Cheryl Peterson (Bok Tower Gardens; Lake Wales, Florida), Karolyn Griffiths and Andrew Derksen (USDA-APHIS, CAPS; Miami, Florida) for assistance in collecting host material; and Jorge Pena (University of Florida; Homestead, Florida) and David Jenkins (USDA-ARS; Mayaguez, Puerto Rico) for helpful suggestions with the manuscript. This work was supported in part by the USDA-ARS National Plant Disease Recovery System, a NIFA Critical Issues Grant, and the Florida Avocado Administrative Committee. This report presents the results of research only; mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement by the USDA. NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 20 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 1010 EP 1017 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200039 ER PT J AU Hunter, WB Avery, PB Pick, D Powell, CA AF Hunter, W. B. Avery, P. B. Pick, D. Powell, C. A. TI BROAD SPECTRUM POTENTIAL OF ISARIA FUMOSOROSEA AGAINST INSECT PESTS OF CITRUS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID PAECILOMYCES-FUMOSOROSEUS; TRANSMISSION; SHARPSHOOTER; GREENHOUSE; ISOLATE; FLORIDA; SPP. C1 [Hunter, W. B.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Avery, P. B.; Powell, C. A.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Pick, D.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harriet L Wilkes Honors Coll, Jupiter, FL 33458 USA. RP Hunter, WB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 14 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 1051 EP 1054 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200044 ER PT J AU Ulyshen, MD Soon, V Hanula, JL AF Ulyshen, Michael D. Soon, Villu Hanula, James L. TI VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONALITY OF PREDATORY WASPS (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE) IN A TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID OZARK FOREST; CATERPILLARS; UNDERSTORY; DIVERSITY; COLONIES; CANOPY; STRATA C1 [Ulyshen, Michael D.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Starkville, MS USA. [Soon, Villu] Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, Dept Zool, Tartu, Estonia. [Hanula, James L.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA USA. RP Ulyshen, MD (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Starkville, MS USA. EM mulyshen@fs.fed.us NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 1068 EP 1070 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200050 ER PT J AU Youn, Y Backus, EA Serikawa, RH Stelinski, LL AF Youn, Youngnam Backus, Elaine A. Serikawa, Rosana H. Stelinski, Lukasz L. TI CORRELATION OF AN ELECTRICAL PENETRATION GRAPH WAVEFORM WITH WALKING BY ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID, DIAPHORINA CITRI (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Youn, Youngnam; Serikawa, Rosana H.; Stelinski, Lukasz L.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Backus, Elaine A.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Crop Dis Pest & Genet Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Youn, Youngnam] Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. RP Youn, Y (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 1084 EP 1087 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200056 ER PT J AU Hall, DG McCollum, G AF Hall, David G. McCollum, Greg TI SURVIVAL OF ADULT ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID, DIAPHORINA CITRI (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE), ON HARVESTED CITRUS FRUIT AND LEAVES SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material ID BIOLOGY; DISEASE C1 [Hall, David G.; McCollum, Greg] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Hall, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM David.Hall@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 4 BP 1094 EP 1096 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 867JR UT WOS:000298451200059 ER PT J AU Lehman, CP Kesler, DC Rota, CT Rumble, MA Seckinger, EM Juntti, TM Millspaugh, JJ AF Lehman, Chad P. Kesler, Dylan C. Rota, Christopher T. Rumble, Mark A. Seckinger, Eric M. Juntti, Thomas M. Millspaugh, Joshua J. TI Netguns: a technique for capturing Black-backed Woodpeckers SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE black hills; capture success; capture technique; handling time; Picoides arcticus ID FORESTS; BIRDS; GUN AB Effective capture techniques are essential for studying bird populations, but commonly used techniques have proven ineffective for capturing Black-backed Woodpeckers (Picoides arcticus) during the nonbreeding period. As a result, little is known about the winter ecology of Black-backed Woodpeckers. We used two netguns, one powered with a 0.308 cartridge and another with CO(2) propellant, to capture 101 Black-backed Woodpeckers (N= 75 initial captures and 26 recaptures) in the Black Hills of South Dakota from 2008 to 2011. Captures with the 0.308 netgun resulted in an impact mortality probability of 0.061 +/- 0.034 (SE), whereas no impact mortalities were associated with the CO(2) netgun. We also tracked birds for 72 h post-release, and determined a capture-related mortality rate of 0.102 +/- 0.04 with the 0.308 netgun and 0.038 +/- 0.027 with the CO(2) netgun. With the CO2 netgun, we captured woodpeckers in 31 of 43 net deployments (72%), with an average of 7.2 +/- 0.4 h of capture effort for each bird. Many unsuccessful attempts were caused by tree branches that prevented net deployment. Netguns powered by CO(2) provide an effective capture technique that we recommend for studies of Black-backed Woodpeckers and possibly other species of birds that forage low on trees. C1 [Lehman, Chad P.] Custer State Pk, S Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, Custer, SD 57730 USA. [Kesler, Dylan C.; Rota, Christopher T.; Seckinger, Eric M.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rumble, Mark A.; Juntti, Thomas M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. RP Lehman, CP (reprint author), Custer State Pk, S Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, 13329 US Highway 16A, Custer, SD 57730 USA. EM Chad.Lehman@state.sd.us OI Rota, Christopher/0000-0001-9272-4687 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; University of Missouri-Columbia; South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; State Non-Game Fund [W-75-R-132, 7599]; State Wildlife Grant [T39] FX We thank J. Dacey, M. Immel, W. Johnson, S. Kolbe, B. Prochazka, H. Scott, and C. Smithers for field support. We also thank B. Olsen and J. Dudley for constructive comments and additions to this manuscript. L. S. Baggett provided a statistical review that improved the manuscript. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station provided funding, field assistance, and technical support. The University of Missouri-Columbia provided funding and technical support. The University of Missouri Research Committee (Animal Use Approval Number 00-A039) approved our trapping and monitoring procedures. Custer State Park provided lodging, field assistance, and technical support. Additional funding for this research project was provided by the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, State Non-Game Fund (Project W-75-R-132, No. 7599) and State Wildlife Grant T39, study number 2439. The use of trade and company names is for the benefit of the reader; such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of any service or product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0273-8570 J9 J FIELD ORNITHOL JI J. Field Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 82 IS 4 BP 430 EP 435 DI 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00347.x PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 860XT UT WOS:000297982400010 ER PT J AU Guan, G Clemmens, AJ Kacerek, TF Wahlin, BT AF Guan, G. Clemmens, A. J. Kacerek, T. F. Wahlin, B. T. TI Applying Water-Level Difference Control to Central Arizona Project SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Irrigation districts; Canals; Automation; Computer software; Control systems ID FEEDBACK CANAL CONTROLLERS AB The Central Arizona Project (CAP) has been supplying Colorado River water to Central Arizona for roughly 25 years. The CAP canal is operated remotely with a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Gate-position changes are made either manually or through the use of automatic controls with a controlled-volume approach. In this paper, the writers examine the potential application to the CAP canal of water-level difference control, a new feedback canal-control method. The main objective of this method is to keep the downstream water-level errors in equal pools. The control model is a multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) system, and the controller is solved as a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). A feed-forward routine called volume compensation was also used to route the flow changes. Simulation results show that this method is stable and can deal with different kinds of changes relatively quickly. For small changes, the water-level difference controller can operate well even without routing flow changes. For large flow changes, the water-level difference control alone can take up to 12 h to stabilize all water levels. Performance is greatly improved with the inclusion of the feed-forward routine. This new method provides better water-level control than the current method, and it is much less sensitive to errors in gate calibration. The writers suggest that this water-level difference-control method is quite promising, especially for large canals. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000351. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Guan, G.] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resource & Hydropower Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Clemmens, A. J.; Wahlin, B. T.] WEST Consultants Inc, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. [Clemmens, A. J.] ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85238 USA. [Kacerek, T. F.] Cent Arizona Project, Phoenix, AZ 85204 USA. RP Guan, G (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resource & Hydropower Sci, 8 S Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. EM ggh@whu.edu.cn; bclemmens@westconsultants.com; tkacerek@cap-az.com; bwahlin@westconsultants.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51009108]; Ministry of Education of China [20090141120029] FX This work was partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51009108) on the Coupling ID model and resonance filter algorithm study for open-channel water delivery control systems, and the Doctoral Found of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20090141120029) on Centralized ID modeling and LQR Controller design on canal systems. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD DEC PY 2011 VL 137 IS 12 BP 747 EP 753 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000351 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 876VT UT WOS:000299136500001 ER PT J AU Khanal, RC Howard, LR Rogers, TJ Wilkes, SE Dhakal, IB Prior, RL AF Khanal, Ramesh C. Howard, Luke R. Rogers, Theodore J. Wilkes, Samuel E. Dhakal, Ishwori B. Prior, Ronald L. TI Effect of Feeding Grape Pomace on Selected Metabolic Parameters Associated with High Fructose Feeding in Growing Sprague-Dawley Rats SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD LA English DT Article DE glucose intolerance; grape pomace; insulin sensitivity; metabolic syndrome; polyphenols; procyanidins ID PROANTHOCYANIDIN-RICH EXTRACT; DIETARY FRUCTOSE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; NONFASTING TRIGLYCERIDES; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; POSTPRANDIAL LIPEMIA; LIPID-METABOLISM; GLUCOSE; RISK; CONSUMPTION AB The effect of feeding grape pomace on certain metabolic parameters associated with high fructose (HF) feeding was studied. Forty male growing Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into groups: (1) control; (2) HF; (3) HF with low-level (1.5% of diet) grape pomace (HF + LP), and (4) HF with high-level (5.0% of diet) grape pomace (HF + HP). The HF + LP and HF + HP diets provided 115 and 218 mg of procyanidins/kg, respectively. Compared with the controls, HF-fed animals consumed less and were smaller, whereas animals in the HF + LP and HF + HP groups were in between. A similar trend was observed for abdominal fat and abdominal fat as a percentage of body weight. No change in heart or kidney weight occurred. Liver weight as a percentage of body weight was higher for animals when fructose was included in the diet compared with those on control diet, and inclusion of grape pomace had no effect. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels tended to be higher in animals fed HF diet, and grape pomace reduced their levels to values similar to the control animals. Compared with control animals, HF-fed animals had higher weekly postprandial plasma triglycerides, which were reduced by feeding grape pomace, but no change in plasma cholesterol was observed. Glucose intolerance was observed in animals fed HF diet and was accompanied by a 25% increase in homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance. Inclusion of grape pomace increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. No significant change (P > .1) in HOMA of beta-cell function or Quantitative Insulin-Sensitivity Check Index was observed. Overall, HF diet did not produce as strong a response of metabolic syndrome as has been shown in the literature. The inclusion of grape pomace in the diet was effective in modulating some aspects of metabolic parameters associated with metabolic syndrome, and the higher level of grape pomace in the diet produced a slightly better response than the lower level. C1 [Khanal, Ramesh C.; Howard, Luke R.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Khanal, Ramesh C.; Rogers, Theodore J.; Wilkes, Samuel E.; Prior, Ronald L.] Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. [Dhakal, Ishwori B.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Coll Med, Div Med Genet, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Prior, Ronald L.] ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Howard, LR (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM lukeh@uark.edu FU Arkansas Biosciences Institute FX We thank the University of Arkansas Enology Program, Fayetteville, AR, USA, for providing grape pomace. This work was partially funded by an Arkansas Biosciences Institute grant. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1096-620X J9 J MED FOOD JI J. Med. Food PD DEC PY 2011 VL 14 IS 12 BP 1562 EP 1569 DI 10.1089/jmf.2010.0281 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 863EL UT WOS:000298145500011 PM 21861715 ER PT J AU Anderson, RS Ozbay, G Kingsley, DH Strauss, MA AF Anderson, Robert S. Ozbay, Gulnihal Kingsley, David H. Strauss, Maureen A. TI OYSTER HEMOCYTE MOBILIZATION AND INCREASED ADHESION ACTIVITY AFTER beta-GLUCAN ADMINISTRATION SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE oysters; Crassostrea virginica; beta-glucans; hemocyte mobilization; innate immunity ID BETA-1,3-GLUCAN BINDING-PROTEIN; CLAM RUDITAPES-DECUSSATUS; SCALLOP CHLAMYS-FARRERI; CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; MYTILUS-GALLOPROVINCIALIS; PHENOLOXIDASE ACTIVITY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PACIFIC OYSTER; MARINE MUSSEL; IN-VITRO AB In the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) hemocytes are important effector cells for maintenance of defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Various forms of beta-glucans have been suggested for use in shrimp and fish aquaculture because of their potential to enhance disease resistance via hemocyte activation. To gain insight to the effects of these compounds in molluscs, changes in circulating oyster hemocyte numbers, population profiles, and adhesion were quantified after injection of beta-1,3-glucans. These agents included zymosan A or MacroGard, an immune stimulant suggested for aquaculture applications. Results were compared with those from estuarine water-injected control oysters at daily intervals for 3 days. MacroGard produced a rapid (by 1 day) elevation of total circulating hemocytes, which remained significant for 3 days; zymosan A stimulation of this response was not statistically significant. MacroGard administration resulted in a sustained increase in percent granulocytes in circulation. Zymosan A also produced an increment in the numbers of granulocytes that became significant by 3 days. Granulocytes are considered to be the most immunologically active hemocyte subclass. Both beta-glucan preparations promoted hemocyte aggregation at days 1-3 after injection. Analysis of avidity of hemocyte aggregation using an index of clump cellular density confirmed this observation. Hemocytic aggregation is thought to be an indicator of cell activation. These results suggest that beta-glucans can act to increase the numbers of circulating hemocytes available for defense responses, to promote long-term changes in the hemocyte profile favoring immunologically active cells, and to enhance hemocytic aggregation. Further studies of the physiological consequences of these effects of beta-glucans on oyster hemocyte defense parameters are in progress. C1 [Anderson, Robert S.; Strauss, Maureen A.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Ozbay, Gulnihal] Delaware State Univ, Dept Agr & Nat Resources, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Kingsley, David H.] Delaware State Univ, USDA, ARS, Dover, DE 19901 USA. RP Anderson, RS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, POB 38, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. EM anderson@cbl.umces.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [09-003MH, 2008-35210-04694] FX We thank Rudi Ripman Seim of Biorigin Scandinavia AS for supplying MacroGard, and for helpful comments and advice. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture subaward no. 09-003MH to R. S. A., prime award no. 2008-35210-04694 to G. O., Delaware State University. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing scientific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 3 BP 635 EP 641 DI 10.2983/035.030.0306 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 876WO UT WOS:000299138700006 ER PT J AU Oliveira, ACM Bechtel, PJ Nguyen, DX Gurer, L Crapo, CA Fong, Q Ralonde, R AF Oliveira, A. C. M. Bechtel, P. J. Nguyen, D. X. Gurer, L. Crapo, C. A. Fong, Q. Ralonde, R. TI CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TEXTURE OF COMMERCIAL GEODUCK CLAMS (PANOPEA ABRUPTA) HARVESTED IN SOUTHEAST ALASKA SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE geoduck; Panopea; shellfish composition; shellfish texture ID 1849 POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MODELING GEODUCK; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PROTEIN; CONRAD; SEPARATION; MORTALITY; GENEROSA; ELEMENTS; GROWTH AB The objectives of this study were to determine chemical composition of the siphon and the mantle of commercial-size geoducks clams harvested in Southeast Alaska, and to measure textural differences between the two muscle tissues, comparing them with their frozen counterparts. Live geoducks were processed using standard industry practices and analyzed either fresh or after 90 days of frozen storage. The mantle significantly differed in composition and texture from the siphon. The mantle had significantly higher contents of carbohydrates and lipids, whereas the siphon had a higher moisture content. Protein content was similar between tissues, but soluble protein content in the siphon was significantly higher than in the mantle. Large differences were observed in the electrophoretic profiles of the contractile siphon, which had a greater abundance of higher molecular weight proteins than the mantle. There were also textural differences in hardness and shear energy, with the siphon presenting significantly higher values than the mantle. After freezing, hardness values for the mantle significantly increased, and this finding is in line with Southeast Alaska geoduck processor observations. Overall, the composition and textural differences recorded are commensurate with differences in anatomic functions of the siphon and the mantle in live geoduck clams. C1 [Oliveira, A. C. M.; Nguyen, D. X.; Gurer, L.; Crapo, C. A.; Fong, Q.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. [Bechtel, P. J.] ARS, USDA, Seafood Lab, Kodiak, AK 99775 USA. [Crapo, C. A.; Fong, Q.; Ralonde, R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Marine Advisory Program, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. RP Oliveira, ACM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Alfred Owen Bldg,118 Trident Way, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. EM acoliveira@alaska.edu NR 39 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 3 BP 761 EP 769 DI 10.2983/035.030.0316 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 876WO UT WOS:000299138700016 ER PT J AU Lozier, JD Strange, JP Stewart, IJ Cameron, SA AF Lozier, Jeffrey D. Strange, James P. Stewart, Isaac J. Cameron, Sydney A. TI Patterns of range-wide genetic variation in six North American bumble bee (Apidae: Bombus) species SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE allelic richness; conservation; heterozygosity; microsatellites; pollinators; population structure ID ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES; EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HYMENOPTERA; CONSERVATION; DECLINE AB The increasing evidence for population declines in bumble bee (Bombus) species worldwide has accelerated research efforts to explain losses in these important pollinators. In North America, a number of once widespread Bombus species have suffered serious reductions in range and abundance, although other species remain healthy. To examine whether declining and stable species exhibit different levels of genetic diversity or population fragmentation, we used microsatellite markers to genotype populations sampled across the geographic distributions of two declining (Bombus occidentalis and Bombus pensylvanicus) and four stable (Bombus bifarius; Bombus vosnesenskii; Bombus impatiens and Bombus bimaculatus) Bombus species. Populations of declining species generally have reduced levels of genetic diversity throughout their range compared to codistributed stable species. Genetic diversity can be affected by overall range size and degree of isolation of local populations, potentially confounding comparisons among species in some cases. We find no evidence for consistent differences in gene flow among stable and declining species, with all species exhibiting weak genetic differentiation over large distances (e.g. >1000 km). Populations on islands and at high elevations experience relatively strong genetic drift, suggesting that some conditions lead to genetic isolation in otherwise weakly differentiated species. B.similar to occidentalis and B.similar to bifarius exhibit stronger genetic differentiation than the other species, indicating greater phylogeographic structure consistent with their broader geographic distributions across topographically complex regions of western North America. Screening genetic diversity in North American Bombus should prove useful for identifying species that warrant monitoring, and developing management strategies that promote high levels of gene flow will be a key component in efforts to maintain healthy populations. C1 [Lozier, Jeffrey D.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Lozier, Jeffrey D.; Stewart, Isaac J.; Cameron, Sydney A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Strange, James P.] Utah State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Stewart, Isaac J.] Fisher High Sch, Fisher, IL 61843 USA. RP Lozier, JD (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM jlozier@as.ua.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [CSREES-NRI 2007-02274] FX We thank M. Arduser, J. Belcher, J. Cech, S. Czarnik, N. Cordes, T. Griswold, H. Hines, P. Karnstedt, J. Koch, J. Knoblett, L. Lewis, J. Neuman, L. Solter, Y. & E. Smutny, W. Stewart, J. Trager and J. Whitfield for assistance with field work, J. Knoblett for assistance with laboratory work and H. C. Lim for comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. We also thank the various local, state and national agencies, parks and preserves that provided permits and support for sample collection. The research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CSREES-NRI 2007-02274). NR 73 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 7 U2 85 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 20 IS 23 BP 4870 EP 4888 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05314.x PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 859ZW UT WOS:000297915700007 PM 22035452 ER PT J AU Newman, C Todd, JE Ploeg, MV AF Newman, Constance Todd, Jessica E. Ploeg, Michele Ver TI Children's Participation in Multiple Food Assistance Programs: Changes from 1990 to 2009 SO SOCIAL SERVICE REVIEW LA English DT Article ID STAMP PROGRAM; RECERTIFICATION AB This study analyzes changes in the determinants of use of multiple food assistance (FA) programs by low-income children from 1990 to 2009. Using data from the 1990 and the 2008 panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation, it compares very poor households with those that are poor and near poor. For both poverty groups, use of other welfare programs, especially Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, is found to be an important determinant of multiple FA program use, but the effects are found to decline over the study period. Volatility in household income-to-poverty ratios is also found to reduce both groups' participation in multiple programs, but this effect grows for the very poor over the length of the study. Very poor children in households with more employed and married adults are found to use fewer FA programs, although they are apparently eligible for these programs. C1 [Newman, Constance; Ploeg, Michele Ver] Econ Res Serv, Food Econ Div, Food Assistance Branch, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Todd, Jessica E.] Econ Res Serv, Food Econ Div, Diet Safety & Hlth Branch, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Newman, C (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, Food Econ Div, Food Assistance Branch, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM cnewman@ers.usda.gov; jtodd@ers.usda.gov; sverploeg@ers.usda.gov NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0037-7961 J9 SOC SERV REV JI Soc. Serv. Rev. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 4 BP 535 EP 564 DI 10.1086/663833 PG 30 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA 879DW UT WOS:000299310900001 ER PT J AU Evans, JD Schwarz, RS AF Evans, Jay D. Schwarz, Ryan S. TI Bees brought to their knees: microbes affecting honey bee health SO TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID APIS-MELLIFERA L.; DEFORMED-WING-VIRUS; COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; PAENIBACILLUS-LARVAE; NOSEMA-CERANAE; VARROA-DESTRUCTOR; AMERICAN FOULBROOD; HYMENOPTERA APIDAE; PARALYSIS VIRUS; MALPIGHAMOEBA-MELLIFICAE AB The biology and health of the honey bee Apis mellifera has been of interest to human societies for centuries. Research on honey bee health is surging, in part due to new tools and the arrival of colony-collapse disorder (CCD), an unsolved decline in bees from parts of the United States, Europe, and Asia. Although a clear understanding of what causes CCD has yet to emerge, these efforts have led to new microbial discoveries and avenues to improve our understanding of bees and the challenges they face. Here we review the known honey bee microbes and highlight areas of both active and lagging research. Detailed studies of honey bee-pathogen dynamics will help efforts to keep this important pollinator healthy and will give general insights into both beneficial and harmful microbes confronting insect colonies. C1 [Evans, Jay D.; Schwarz, Ryan S.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Evans, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, E Bldg 476, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jay.evans@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651 NR 86 TC 104 Z9 109 U1 20 U2 196 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-842X EI 1878-4380 J9 TRENDS MICROBIOL JI Trends Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 19 IS 12 BP 614 EP 620 DI 10.1016/j.tim.2011.09.003 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 875EX UT WOS:000299014300006 PM 22032828 ER PT J AU Wadl, PA Dattilo, AJ Scheffler, BE Trigiano, RN AF Wadl, Phillip A. Dattilo, Adam J. Scheffler, Brian E. Trigiano, Robert N. TI DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSATELLITE LOCI FOR THE ENDANGERED SPECIES PITYOPSIS RUTHII (ASTERACEAE) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Asteraceae; conservation genetics; Pityopsis ruthii; population genetics; rare endemic; Ruth's golden aster ID LIBRARIES AB Premise of the study: Microsatellite loci were developed for the endangered species Pityopsis ruthii and will permit genetic and conservation studies of the species. Methods and Results: A microsatellite-enriched library was used to develop 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci for P. ruthii. The loci amplified perfect and imperfect repeats with three to seven alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.05 to 0.80 and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.23 to 0.75. Conclusions: These microsatellite loci provide a sufficient set of markers for further investigation of population genetics of P. ruthii. C1 [Wadl, Phillip A.; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dattilo, Adam J.] Tennessee Valley Author, Knoxville, TN 37902 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] ARS, USDA, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Wadl, PA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 205 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg,2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pwadl@utk.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-6404-7-213]; Tennessee Valley Authority FX This study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (grant no. 58-6404-7-213) and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the Tennessee Valley Authority, the University of Tennessee, or the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 98 IS 12 BP E342 EP E345 DI 10.3732/ajb.1100100 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 863PB UT WOS:000298176800001 PM 22058180 ER PT J AU Dowell, FE Noutcha, AEM Michel, K AF Dowell, Floyd E. Noutcha, Aline E. M. Michel, Kristin TI Short Report: The Effect of Preservation Methods on Predicting Mosquito Age by Near Infrared Spectroscopy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANOPHELES; SPECIMENS AB Determining mosquito age is important to evaluate vector control programs because the ability to transmit diseases is age dependent. Current age-grading techniques require dissection or RNA extraction. Near infrared spectroscopy has been used to rapidly and nondestructively determine the age of fresh mosquitoes and specimens stored in RNAlater, but other preservation techniques have not been examined. Thus, in this study, we investigate whether age can be predicted from insects preserved by various common methods. Results from this study show that age can be predicted from mosquitoes preserved with desiccants, ethanol, Carnoy. RNAlater. or refrigeration with confidence intervals < 1.4 days. The best results were generally obtained from mosquitoes stored using desiccants. RNAlater, or refrigeration. C1 [Dowell, Floyd E.] USDA, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Noutcha, Aline E. M.] Univ Port Harcourt, Dept Anim & Environm Biol, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. [Michel, Kristin] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Dowell, FE (reprint author), USDA, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, ARS, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM floyd.dowell@ars.usda.gov; naemekeu@yahoo.com; kmichel@k-state.edu FU University of Port Harcourt; Center for Research Management; Malaria Research Laboratory; Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology; Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission FX A.N. would like to thank J. A. Ajienka, Vice-Chancellor, University of Port Harcourt; O. Akaranta, Director, Center for Research Management; O. Ebong, Head, Malaria Research Laboratory; S. N. Okiwelu, Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology; and E. F. Osaisai, Director General, Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission, for providing fellowship funding to study in the United States. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 6 BP 1093 EP 1096 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0438 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 858FJ UT WOS:000297781000024 PM 22144450 ER PT J AU Newell, DG Elvers, KT Dopfer, D Hansson, I Jones, P James, S Gittins, J Stern, NJ Davies, R Connerton, I Pearson, D Salvat, G Allen, VM AF Newell, D. G. Elvers, K. T. Dopfer, D. Hansson, I. Jones, P. James, S. Gittins, J. Stern, N. J. Davies, R. Connerton, I. Pearson, D. Salvat, G. Allen, V. M. TI Biosecurity-Based Interventions and Strategies To Reduce Campylobacter spp. on Poultry Farms SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROILER-CHICKEN FLOCKS; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; RISK-FACTORS; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; PARTIAL DEPOPULATION; POTENTIAL SOURCES; REARING PERIOD; GREAT-BRITAIN; FLY SCREENS; JEJUNI AB The prevention and control of Campylobacter colonization of poultry flocks are important public health strategies for the control of human campylobacteriosis. A critical review of the literature on interventions to control Campylobacter in poultry on farms was undertaken using a systematic approach. Although the focus of the review was on aspects appropriate to the United Kingdom poultry industry, the research reviewed was gathered from worldwide literature. Multiple electronic databases were employed to search the literature, in any language, from 1980 to September 2008. A primary set of 4,316 references was identified and scanned, using specific agreed-upon criteria, to select relevant references related to biosecurity-based interventions. The final library comprised 173 references. Identification of the sources of Campylobacter in poultry flocks was required to inform the development of targeted interventions to disrupt transmission routes. The approach used generally involved risk factor-based surveys related to culture-positive or -negative flocks, usually combined with a structured questionnaire. In addition, some studies, either in combination or independently, undertook intervention trials. Many of these studies were compromised by poor design, sampling, and statistical analysis. The evidence for each potential source and route of transmission on the poultry farm was reviewed critically, and the options for intervention were considered. The review concluded that, in most instances, biosecurity on conventional broiler farms can be enhanced and this should contribute to the reduction of flock colonization. However, complementary, non-biosecurity-based approaches will also be required in the future to maximize the reduction of Campylobacter-positive flocks at the farm level. C1 [Newell, D. G.] Foodborne Zoonoses Consultancy, Andover, England. [Newell, D. G.; Davies, R.] Vet Labs Agcy, Addlestone, Surrey, England. [Elvers, K. T.; James, S.; Allen, V. M.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Dopfer, D.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Cent Vet Inst, Lelystad, Netherlands. [Hansson, I.] Natl Vet Inst, CRL Campylobacter, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Jones, P.] Univ Reading, Reading, Berks, England. [Gittins, J.] ADAS Pwllpeiran, Aberystwyth SY23 4AB, Dyfed, Wales. [Stern, N. J.] ARS, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Connerton, I.] Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Pearson, D.] VION Agr Ltd, Livingston, Scotland. [Salvat, G.] AFSSA, Lab Etude & Rech Avicoles Porcines & Piscicoles, Ploufragan, France. RP Newell, DG (reprint author), Foodborne Zoonoses Consultancy, Wherwell SP11 7AW, Andover, England. EM diane.newell@btinternet.com RI Davies, Robert/F-1055-2010; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; OI Connerton, Ian/0000-0001-8652-8938 FU Food Standards Agency, United Kingdom; Department of Food, Environment and Rural Affairs, Great Britain FX This work was funded jointly by the Food Standards Agency, United Kingdom, and the Department of Food, Environment and Rural Affairs, Great Britain. NR 96 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 77 IS 24 BP 8605 EP 8614 DI 10.1128/AEM.01090-10 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 863JE UT WOS:000298157800018 PM 21984249 ER PT J AU Lee, KW Lillehoj, HS Lee, SH Jang, SI Ritter, GD Bautista, DA Lillehoj, EP AF Lee, K. W. Lillehoj, H. S. Lee, S. H. Jang, S. I. Ritter, G. Donald Bautista, D. A. Lillehoj, E. P. TI Impact of Fresh or Used Litter on the Posthatch Immune System of Commercial Broilers SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE poultry litter; immunity; broiler chicken ID MOUSE LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; GANGRENOUS DERMATITIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; EIMERIA-ACERVULINA; NECROTIC ENTERITIS; CHICKENS; SALMONELLA AB This study was carried out to investigate the effects of exposure of growing broiler chickens of commercial origin to used poultry litter on intestinal and systemic immune responses. The litter types evaluated were fresh wood shavings or used litter obtained from commercial poultry farms with or without a history of gangrenous dermatitis (GD). Immune parameters measured were serum nitric oxide (NO) levels, serum antibody titers against Eimeria or Clostridium perfringens, mitogen-induced spleen cell proliferation, and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte or splenic lymphocyte subpopulations. At 43 days posthatch, birds raised on used litter from a GD farm had higher serum NO levels and greater Eimeria or C. perfringens antibody levels compared with chickens raised on fresh litter or used, non-GD litter. Birds raised on non-GD and GD used litter had greater spleen cell mitogenic responses compared with chickens raised on fresh litter. Finally, spleen and intestinal lymphocyte subpopulations were increased or decreased depending on the litter type and the surface marker analyzed. Although it is likely that the presence of Eimeria oocysts and endemic viruses varies qualitatively and quantitatively between flocks and, by extension, varies between different used litter types, we believe that these data provide evidence that exposure of growing chicks to used poultry litter stimulates humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, presumably due to contact with contaminating enteric pathogens. C1 [Lee, K. W.; Lillehoj, H. S.; Lee, S. H.; Jang, S. I.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ritter, G. Donald] Mountaire Farms Inc, Millsboro, DE 19966 USA. [Bautista, D. A.] Univ Delaware, Poultry Diagnost Lab, Georgetown, DE 19947 USA. [Lillehoj, E. P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM hyun.lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Lee, Kyung-Woo/0000-0002-3533-7979 FU ARS [1265-32000-086-00D] FX This project was supported by ARS project 1265-32000-086-00D. We thank Marjorie Nichols and Stacy Torreyson for technical assistance. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 539 EP 544 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 868QQ UT WOS:000298539000002 PM 22312971 ER PT J AU Hannah, JF Wilson, JL Cox, NA Richardson, LJ Cason, JA Bourassa, DV Buhr, RJ AF Hannah, J. F. Wilson, J. L. Cox, N. A. Richardson, L. J. Cason, J. A. Bourassa, D. V. Buhr, R. J. TI Horizontal Transmission of Salmonella and Campylobacter Among Caged and Cage-Free Laying Hens SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Campylobacter; horizontal transmission; cage-free laying hens; caged laying hens ID BROILER BREEDER HENS; FURNISHED CAGES; CONVENTIONAL CAGES; HOUSING SYSTEMS; INTERNAL ORGANS; UNITED-STATES; LAYER HOUSES; RISK-FACTORS; ENTERITIDIS; EGGS AB In each of five sequential trials, laying hens (56-72 wk of age) were challenged with Salmonella and Campylobacter, and 1 wk postinoculation, the challenged hens (n = 3) were commingled with nonchallenged hens (n = 12) in conventional wire cages, on all-wire slats, or on all-shavings floor housing systems. After 12 days, challenged and nonchallenged hens were euthanatized for sample collection. Ceca were aseptically collected from all hens, and the spleen, liver/gallbladder (LGB), lower (LRT) and upper (URT) reproductive tracts, and ovarian follicles (mature and immature) were collected from only the challenged hens after commingling. Samples were divided equally and cultured separately for Salmonella and Campylobacter. Differences in the horizontal transmission of the challenge Salmonella to nonchallenged hens housed in cages (12%), on slats (15%), and on shavings (14%) were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from the challenged pen-mate hens over the five trials. However, with the inclusion of residual environmental Salmonella, the recovery of Salmonella from nonchallenged hens housed in cages was lowest at 15%, intermediate for hens on slats at 20%, and highest for hens on shavings at 38%. Among challenged hens housed in cages, Salmonella was recovered from only 27% of the cecum and LRT samples. From challenged hens housed on slats, Salmonella was recovered from 38% of the cecum, 12% of the spleen, 19% of the LGB, 44% of the LRT, and 19% of the URT samples. From challenged hens housed on shavings, Salmonella was recovered from 31% of the cecum; 15% of the spleen, LGB, and URT; and 31% of the LRT samples. Horizontal transmission of Campylobacter among nonchallenged pen-mate hens was significantly lower for hens housed in cages at 28% than for hens on shavings at 47%, with hens on slats being intermediate at 36%. For challenged hens housed in cages, Campylobacter was recovered from 27% of the cecum, 13% of the LRT, 7% of the URT, and 17% of the follicle samples. Among the challenged hens housed on slats, Campylobacter was recovered from 44% of the cecum, 6% of the spleen, 19% of the LGB, 12% of the LRT, 6% of the URT, and 14% of the follicle samples. Among challenged hens housed on shavings, Campylobacter was recovered from 46% of the cecum, 8% of the LRT and URT, and 40% of the follicle samples. The overall results of this study indicate that the caged housing system provided the lowest horizontal transmission level of Salmonella and Campylobacter among egg-laying hens. C1 [Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.; Bourassa, D. V.; Buhr, R. J.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hannah, J. F.; Wilson, J. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cason, J. A.] ARS, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jeff.buhr@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 580 EP 587 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 868QQ UT WOS:000298539000008 PM 22312977 ER PT J AU Hannah, JF Wilson, JL Cox, NA Richardson, LJ Cason, JA Bourassa, DV Buhr, RJ AF Hannah, J. F. Wilson, J. L. Cox, N. A. Richardson, L. J. Cason, J. A. Bourassa, D. V. Buhr, R. J. TI Colonization of a Marker and Field Strain of Salmonella Enteritidis and a Marker Strain of Salmonella Typhimurium in Vancomycin-Pretreated and Nonpretreated Laying Hens SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Salmonella colonization; vancomycin; cage-free laying hens ID ENTERICA SEROVAR ENTERITIDIS; EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED HENS; EGG CONTAMINATION; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; INTERNAL ORGANS; BROILERS; CHICKEN; INOCULATION; PERSISTENCE; DIVERSITY AB This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of a vancomycin pretreatment on the ability of marker (nalidixic-acid resistant) Salmonella Enteritidis (SEM), field Salmonella Enteritidis (SEF), and marker Salmonella Typhimurium (STM) strains to colonize within the intestinal and reproductive tracts and translocate to other organs of leghorn laying hens. In each of three trials, caged laying hens (76, 26, and 33 wk of age) were divided into six groups designated to receive SEM, SEF, or STM, and half were pretreated with vancomycin (n = 11-12 hens). Vancomycin-treated hens received 10 mg vancomycin in saline/kilogram body weight orally for 5 days to inhibit Gram-positive bacteria within the intestines. On Day 6, all hens were concurrently challenged by oral, intravaginal, and intracolonal routes with Salmonella and placed into separate floor chambers by Salmonella strain. Two weeks postinoculation, all hens were euthanatized and the ceca, spleen, liver/gall bladder (LGB), upper (URT), and lower (LRT) reproductive tracts, and ovarian follicles were aseptically collected, and analyzed for Salmonella. Results did not differ for the three hen's ages and were therefore combined. The vancomycin pretreatment also had no significant effect on the colonization ability of SEM, SEF, or STM, and therefore results were combined within Salmonella strain. The marker strain of Salmonella Enteritidis was recovered from 21% of ceca, 4% of LGB, 9% of LRT, and 17% of the fecal samples. The field strain of Salmonella Enteritidis was recovered from 88% of ceca, 96% of spleen, 92% of LGB, 30% of LRT, 4% of URT, 13% of follicle, and 42% of the fecal samples. The marker strain of Salmonella Typhimurium was recovered from 100% of ceca, 74% of spleen, 91% of LGB, 30% of LRT, 9% of URT, 9% of follicle, and 100% of the fecal samples. Among ceca, spleen, LGB, and fecal samples, SEF and STM colonization was significantly greater than SEM colonization. Overall prevalence of Salmonella in the reproductive tracts of challenged hens was relatively low, ranging from 4% to 30%. C1 [Cox, N. A.; Richardson, L. J.; Bourassa, D. V.; Buhr, R. J.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hannah, J. F.; Wilson, J. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cason, J. A.] ARS, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jeff.buhr@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 588 EP 592 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 868QQ UT WOS:000298539000009 PM 22312978 ER PT J AU Malladi, S Weaver, JT Clouse, TL Bjork, KE Trampel, DW AF Malladi, Sasidhar Weaver, J. Todd Clouse, Timothy L. Bjork, Kathe E. Trampel, Darrell W. TI Moving-Average Trigger for Early Detection of Rapidly Increasing Mortality in Caged Table-Egg Layers SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE detection trigger; early-warning system; surveillance; highly pathogenic avian influenza; egg-layers ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; H7N7 VIRUS; NETHERLANDS; EPIDEMIC; H5N1; TRANSMISSION; CHICKENS; POULTRY; SYSTEM AB Rapidly increasing and unexplained mortality in commercial poultry flocks may signal the presence of a highly transmissible and reportable disease. Activation of an infectious-disease surveillance system occurs when a key production parameter, i.e., mortality, changes. Various triggers have been proposed to alert producers when mortality exceeds normal limits for a given production system to enable early detection of such diseases. In this article we demonstrate that a simple moving-average trigger is useful for detecting any disease syndrome in caged table-egg layer flocks that manifests itself as sudden, rapidly increasing mortality. We superimposed HPAI disease mortality output data derived from a disease transmission model and from a naturally occurring HPAI outbreak onto normal mortality data from 12 healthy commercial egg-layer flocks, and compared the performance of 7-day moving-average triggers to previously proposed triggers. The moving-average trigger is more efficient, resulting in fewer false-positive alerts and an earlier time to disease detection. It can be easily calculated by using a computer spreadsheet providing only 7 days of mortality data and can be practically and inexpensively implemented by large commercial poultry integrators. A moving-average trigger can be an active component of a production-based surveillance system. C1 [Malladi, Sasidhar; Weaver, J. Todd; Clouse, Timothy L.; Bjork, Kathe E.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol,Ctr Anim Hlth Informat & Anal,Nat R, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Weaver, J. Todd; Clouse, Timothy L.; Bjork, Kathe E.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth,Ctr Anim Hlth Informat & Anal,Nat R, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Malladi, Sasidhar] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Trampel, Darrell W.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Malladi, S (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ctr Epidemiol,Ctr Anim Hlth Informat & Anal,Nat R, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B,MS-2W4, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM malla042@umn.edu NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 603 EP 610 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 868QQ UT WOS:000298539000011 PM 22312980 ER PT J AU Killian, ML Zhang, Y Panigrahy, B Trampel, D Yoon, KJ AF Killian, Mary Lea Zhang, Yan Panigrahy, Brundaban Trampel, Darrell Yoon, Kyoung-Jin TI Identification and Characterization of H2N3 Avian Influenza Virus from Backyard Poultry and Comparison with Novel H2N3 Swine Influenza Virus SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza A virus; H2N3 subtype; poultry; swine ID LIVE BIRD MARKETS; A VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; GENETIC REASSORTMENT; INHIBITION ASSAY; PIGS; ANTIBODIES; HEMAGGLUTININ; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB In early 2007, H2N3 influenza virus was isolated from a duck and a chicken in two separate poultry flocks in Ohio. Since the same subtype influenza virus with hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) genes of avian lineage was also identified in a swine herd in Missouri in 2006, the objective of this study was to characterize and compare the genetic, antigenic, and biologic properties of the avian and swine isolates. Avian isolates were low pathogenic by in vivo chicken pathogenicity testing. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that all genes of the avian isolates were comprised of avian lineages, whereas the swine isolates contained contemporary swine internal gene segments, demonstrating that the avian H2N3 viruses were not directly derived from the swine virus. Sequence comparisons for the H and N genes demonstrated that the avian isolates were similar but not identical to the swine isolates. Accordingly, the avian and swine isolates were also antigenically related as determined by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization assays, suggesting that both avian and swine isolates originated from the same group of H2N3 avian influenza viruses. Although serological surveys using the HI assay on poultry flocks and swine herds in Ohio did not reveal further spread of H2 virus from the index flocks, surveillance is important to ensure the virus is not reintroduced to domestic swine or poultry. Contemporary H2N3 avian influenza viruses appear to be easily adaptable to unnatural hosts such as poultry and swine, raising concern regarding the potential for interspecies transmission of avian viruses to humans. C1 [Yoon, Kyoung-Jin] Iowa State Univ, Vet Med Res Inst, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Killian, Mary Lea; Panigrahy, Brundaban] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Vet Serv, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Zhang, Yan] Ohio Dept Agr Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Trampel, Darrell; Yoon, Kyoung-Jin] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Yoon, KJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Vet Med Res Inst, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Coll Vet Med, 1,1802 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kyoon@iastate.edu FU Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Unit, ARS, USDA; Bovine-Porcine-Aquaculture section, DVL, NVSL; laboratory staff of the Avian Viruses section of the Diagnostic Virology Laboratory FX We thank laboratory co-workers and personnel who provided support with the technical portions of the project: Dr. Amy Vincent and Michelle Harland (Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Unit, ARS, USDA), Annette Olson (Bovine-Porcine-Aquaculture section, DVL, NVSL), laboratory staff of the Avian Viruses section of the Diagnostic Virology Laboratory, and Dennis Senne for review of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 611 EP 619 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 868QQ UT WOS:000298539000012 PM 22312981 ER PT J AU Kapczynski, DR Gonder, E Tilley, B Hernandez, A Hodgson, J Wojcinski, H Jiang, HJ Suarez, DL AF Kapczynski, Darrell R. Gonder, Eric Tilley, Becky Hernandez, Andres Hodgson, Jorge Wojcinski, Helen Jiang, Haijun Suarez, David L. TI Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus in Chilean Commercial Turkeys with Genetic and Serologic Comparisons to U.S. H1N1 Avian Influenza Vaccine Isolates SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza virus; pandemic H1N1; vaccines; turkeys; hemagglutinin; immunology ID RECEPTOR-BINDING PROPERTIES; A VIRUSES; ANTIGENIC STRUCTURE; NORTH-AMERICAN; UNITED-STATES; BREEDER HENS; HEMAGGLUTININ; SWINE; PIGS; CHICKENS AB Beginning in April 2009, a novel H1N1 influenza virus caused acute respiratory disease in humans, first in Mexico and then around the world. The resulting pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 (pH1N1) virus was isolated in swine in Canada in June 2009 and later in breeder turkeys in Chile, Canada, and the United States. The pH1N1 virus consists of gene segments of avian, human, and swine influenza origin and has the potential for infection in poultry following exposure to infected humans or swine. We examined the clinical events following the initial outbreak of pH1N1 in turkeys and determined the relatedness of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene segments from the pH1N1 to two H1N1 avian influenza (AI) isolates used in commercial turkey inactivated vaccines. Overall, infection of turkey breeder hens with pH1N1 resulted in >= 50% reduction of egg production over 3-4 weeks. Genetic analysis indicated one H1N1 AI vaccine isolate (A/turkey/North Carolina/17026/1988) contained approximately 92% nucleotide sequence similarity to the pH1N1 virus (A/Mexico/4109/2009); whereas, a more recent AI vaccine isolate (A/swine/North Carolina/00573/2005) contained 75.9% similarity. Comparison of amino acids found at antigenic sites of the HA protein indicated conserved epitopes at the Sa site; however, major differences were found at the Ca2 site between pH1N1 and A/turkey/North Carolina/127026/1988. Hemagglutinin-inhibition (HI) tests were conducted with sera produced in vaccinated turkeys in North Carolina to determine if protection would be conferred using U.S. AI vaccine isolates. HI results indicate positive reactivity (HI titer >= 5 log(2)) against the vaccine viruses over the course of study. However, limited cross-reactivity to the 2009 pH1N1 virus was observed, with positive titers in a limited number of birds (6 out of 20) beginning only after a third vaccination. Taken together, these results demonstrate that turkeys treated with these vaccines would likely not be protected against pH1N1 and current vaccines used in breeder turkeys in the United States against circulating H1N1 viruses should be updated to ensure adequate protection against field exposure. C1 [Kapczynski, Darrell R.; Suarez, David L.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Gonder, Eric; Tilley, Becky] Goldsboro Milling Co, Goldsboro, NC 27534 USA. [Hernandez, Andres; Hodgson, Jorge] Sopraval SA, La Calera, Chile. [Wojcinski, Helen] Hybrid Turkeys, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. [Jiang, Haijun] China Agr Univ, Lab Zoonosis, Minist Agr, Coll Vet Med, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Haijun] China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM darrell.kapczynski@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, ARS CRIS [6612-32000-053] FX We wish to thank Joan Beck, Aniko Zsak, and Cam Greene for expert technical help. This research was supported by USDA, ARS CRIS project 6612-32000-053. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 633 EP 641 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 868QQ UT WOS:000298539000015 PM 22312984 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB Braker, JD AF Jordan, Douglas B. Braker, Jay D. TI Opposing influences by subsite-1 and subsite+1 residues on relative xylopyranosidase/arabinofuranosidase activities of bifunctional beta-D-xylosidase/alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Site-directed mutagenesis; Pyranosyl substrate distortion; Glycoside hydrolase; Plant cell wall deconstruction; Biomass saccharification ID SELENOMONAS-RUMINANTIUM; SUBSTRATE DISTORTION; COVALENT-INTERMEDIATE; TRANSITION-STATE; ACTIVE-SITE; GEOBACILLUS-STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASES; CATALYTIC RESIDUES; RING DISTORTION; MECHANISM AB Conformational inversion occurs 7-8 kcal/mol more readily in furanoses than pyranoses. This difference is exploited here to probe for active-site residues involved in distorting pyranosyl substrate toward reactivity. Spontaneous glycoside hydrolysis rates are ordered 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside (4NPA)>4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside (4NPX)>xylobiose (X2). The bifunctional beta-D-xylosidase/alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase exhibits the opposite order of reactivity, illustrating that the enzyme is well equipped in using pyranosyl groups of natural substrate X2 in facilitating glycoside hydrolysis. Probing the roles of all 17 active-site residues by single-site mutation to alanine and by changing both moieties of substrate demonstrates that the mutations of subsite -1 residues decrease the ratio k(cat)(4NPX/4NPA), suggesting that the native residues support pyranosyl substrate distortion, whereas the mutations of subsite +1 and the subsite -1/+1 interface residues increase the ratio k(cat)(4NPX/4NPA), suggesting that the native residues support other factors, such as Cl migration and protonation of the leaving group. Alanine mutations of subsite -1 residues raise k(cat)(X2/4NPX) and alanine mutations of subsite +1 and interface residues lower k(cat)(X2/4NPX). We propose that pyranosyl substrate distortion is supported entirely by native residues of subsite -1. Other factors leading to the transition state are supported entirely by native residues of subsite +1 and interface residues. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.; Braker, Jay D.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-9639 J9 BBA-PROTEINS PROTEOM JI BBA-Proteins Proteomics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 1814 IS 12 BP 1648 EP 1657 DI 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.010 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 866EL UT WOS:000298363200006 PM 21889620 ER PT J AU Jordan, DB Braker, JD Bowman, MJ Vermillion, KE Moon, J Liu, ZL AF Jordan, Douglas B. Braker, Jay D. Bowman, Michael J. Vermillion, Karl E. Moon, Jaewoong Liu, Z. Lewis TI Kinetic mechanism of an aldehyde reductase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that relieves toxicity of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Furfural reductase; Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase; Bioenergy; Detoxification; Fermentation ID ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; FERMENTATION INHIBITORS; YEAST; XYLOSE; IDENTIFICATION; DETOXIFICATION; BACTERIA; STRAINS; ENZYME AB An effective means of relieving the toxicity of furan aldehydes, furfural (FFA) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), on fermenting organisms is essential for achieving efficient fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol and other products. Ari1p, an aldehyde reductase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been shown to mitigate the toxicity of FFA and HMF by catalyzing the NADPH-dependent conversion to corresponding alcohols, furfuryl alcohol (FFOH) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfuryl alcohol (HMFOH). At pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C, purified Ari1p catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of substrates with the following values (k(cat) (s(-1)), k(cat)/K(m) (s(-1) mM(-1)), K(m) (mM)): FFA (23.3, 1.82, 12.8), HMF (4.08, 0.173, 23.6), and DL-glyceraldehyde (2.40, 0.0650, 37.0). When acting on HMF and DL-glyceraldehyde, the enzyme operates through an equilibrium ordered kinetic mechanism. In the physiological direction of the reaction, NADPH binds first and NADP(+) dissociates from the enzyme last, demonstrated by k(cat) of HMF and DL-glyceraldehyde that are independent of [NADPH] and (K(ia)(NADPH)/k(cat)) that extrapolate to zero at saturating HMF or DL-glyceraldehyde concentration. Microscopic kinetic parameters were determined for the HMF reaction (HMF + NADPH <-> HMFOH + NADP(+)), by applying steady-state, presteady-state, kinetic isotope effects, and dynamic modeling methods. Release of products. HMFOH and NADP(+), is 84% rate limiting to k(cat) in the forward direction. Equilibrium constants, [NADP(+)][FFOH]/[NADPH] [FFA][H(+)] = 5600 x 10(7) M(-1) and [NADP(+)][HMFOH]/[NADPH][HMF][H(+)] = 4200 x 10(7) M(-1), favor the physiological direction mirrored by the slowness of hydride transfer in the non-physiological direction, NADP(+)-dependent oxidation of alcohols (k(cat) (s(-1)), k(cat)/K(m) (s(-1) mM(-1)), K(m) (mM)): FFOH (0.221, 0.00158, 140) and HMFOH (0.0105, 0.000104, 101). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jordan, Douglas B.; Braker, Jay D.; Bowman, Michael J.; Vermillion, Karl E.; Moon, Jaewoong; Liu, Z. Lewis] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Jordan, DB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM douglas.jordan@ars.usda.gov; zlewis.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-9639 J9 BBA-PROTEINS PROTEOM JI BBA-Proteins Proteomics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 1814 IS 12 BP 1686 EP 1694 DI 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.011 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 866EL UT WOS:000298363200010 PM 21890004 ER PT J AU Bray, AM Bauer, LS Poland, TM Haack, RA Cognato, AI Smith, JJ AF Bray, Alicia M. Bauer, Leah S. Poland, Therese M. Haack, Robert A. Cognato, Anthony I. Smith, James J. TI Genetic analysis of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) populations in Asia and North America SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; Population genetics; mtDNA; AFLP; Microsatellites; Invasive species ID LENGTH POLYMORPHISM AFLP; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; COLEOPTERA BUPRESTIDAE; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; NATURAL ENEMIES; GYPSY-MOTH; MARKERS; CHINA; MICROSATELLITE; HYMENOPTERA AB Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is an invasive pest of North American ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees first discovered outside of its native range of northeastern Asia in 2002. EAB spread from its initial zone of discovery in the Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario metropolitan areas, in large part, from inadvertent human-assisted movement of infested ash materials. EAB infestations are now known in 15 US states and two Canadian provinces. The primary goal of this study was to use molecular markers to characterize the population genetic structure of EAB in its native and introduced range. This information may provide valuable insights on the geographic origin, potential host range, invasion potential, and additional biological control agents for ongoing management efforts of this destructive wood-boring beetle. EAB were collected from 17 localities in its native Asian range and from 7 localities in North America, and population structure analyzed using mtDNA gene sequences, AFLP fingerprints, and alleles at 2 microsatellite loci. Analysis of mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI; 439 bp) sequences revealed all North American individuals carry a common mtDNA haplotype also found in China and South Korea. Additional mtDNA haplotypes observed in China and South Korea differed from the common haplotype by 1-2 nucleotide substitutions and a single individual from Japan differed by 21 nucleotide changes (4.8%). Analysis using AFLP fingerprints (108 loci) indicated Asian populations were more highly variable, yet had less overall population structure, than the North American populations. North American populations appear most closely related to populations in our sample from the Chinese provinces of Hebei and Tianjin City. Further, population assignment tests assigned 88% of the individual beetles from North America to either Hebei or Tianjin City. C1 [Bauer, Leah S.; Poland, Therese M.; Haack, Robert A.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bray, Alicia M.; Cognato, Anthony I.; Smith, James J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Smith, JJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Lyman Briggs Coll, E Lansing, MI 48825 USA. EM jimsmith@msu.edu FU USDA Forest Service [03-JV-11231300096]; Michigan State University (MSU); MSU Office for International Studies; MSU Department of Entomology; MSU Graduate School FX Many thanks to the network of collaborators who helped us obtain the insects used in this study, including countless members in North America from USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, Michigan State University, Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan Departments of Agriculture, and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. We would like to specifically thank collaborators in Asia and the US who made sampling possible, in China: Dr. Houping Liu (Michigan State University, Dr. Tonghai Zhao and Dr. Ruitong Gao (Chinese Academy of Forestry), and Mr. Roger Fuester (USDA ARS BIIR); in South Korea: Dr. David Williams (USDA APHIS CPHST), Dr. Choo Ho Yul (Gyeongsang National University) and Dr. Lee DongWoon (Kyungpook National University); in Japan-Dr. Paul Schaefer (USDA-ARS-BIIR), Dr. Naoto Kamata (University of Tokyo), Mr. Minemitsu Kaneko (Japan Wildlife Research Center), and Mr. Takaharu Hattori. We also thank Deborah Miller (USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, E. Lansing, MI) for organizing and managing the long-term storage of EAB collections from China and North America; Dr. Jennifer Cory (Simon Fraser University) for designing and developing the microsatellite primers used in the study, Dr. Deb McCullough (Michigan State University) for supporting the early microsatellite development work, Dr. Rob Ahern for his help with AFLP data analysis and interpretation, Mike Grillo for his work during the earliest phases of the EAB project, Dr. Rodrigo Mercador and Dr. Yigen Chen for comments on an earlier version of the manuscript, and Marlene Cameron for assistance with the preparation of Figure 1. Research funding for the project was provided by the USDA Forest Service (03-JV-11231300096), Michigan State University (MSU) Project GREEEN (Generating Research and Extension to meet Economic and Environmental Needs), the MSU Office for International Studies and Programs, the MSU Department of Entomology, and the MSU Graduate School. NR 64 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 12 BP 2869 EP 2887 DI 10.1007/s10530-011-9970-5 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 870CD UT WOS:000298645800020 ER PT J AU Smith, AD Cheung, LM Botero, S AF Smith, Allen D. Cheung, Lumei Botero, Sebastian TI Long-term Selenium Deficiency Increases the Pathogenicity of a Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Selenium; C. rodentium; Pathogenesis; Inflammation ID NF-KAPPA-B; CONGENITAL CHLORIDE DIARRHEA; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE-ACTIVITY; COLONIC ELECTROLYTE TRANSPORT; EFFACING BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; HOST-DEFENSE AB Citrobacter rodentium is a mouse pathogen that causes infectious colitis and shares characteristics with human enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Escherichia coli, including the ability to cause attaching and effacing lesions in the colon and serves as a useful model to study the pathogenicity of these bacteria. In this study, mice were fed a selenium-deficient diet for 5 or 20 weeks and then infected with C. rodentium. Colonization of the colon by C. rodentium was similar in mice fed adequate or selenium-deficient diets, but total bacterial colonization of the spleen was elevated in mice fed selenium-deficient diet for 20 weeks. Infection-induced changes to the colon included inflammatory cell infiltration, gross changes in crypt architecture, and ulceration and denuding of the epithelial layer that were greatest in mice fed a selenium-deficient diet for 20 weeks. Expression of pro-inflammatory genes was significantly higher 12-days post-infection in mice fed the selenium-deficient diet for 20 weeks compared to mice fed a selenium-adequate diet or selenium-deficient diet for 5 weeks. Diarrhea was prevalent in mice fed the selenium-deficient diet for 20 weeks but not 5 weeks, and this was associated with decreased expression of solute carrier family 26a3 and carbonic anhydrase IV, genes involved in ion transport. These results indicated that selenium played an important role in resistance to the pathological effects of a C. rodentium infection, and therefore, selenium status may be important in the expression of human disease caused by common food-borne bacteria. C1 [Smith, Allen D.; Cheung, Lumei; Botero, Sebastian] Agr Res Serv, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Gen & Immunol Lab, USDA,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Smith, AD (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Gen & Immunol Lab, USDA,BARC E, 10300 Baltimore Ave,B307C,Rm 228, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM allen.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 72 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0163-4984 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 144 IS 1-3 BP 965 EP 982 DI 10.1007/s12011-011-9071-4 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 863UF UT WOS:000298192900094 PM 21584659 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH Lukaski, HC Johnson, LK Roughead, ZK AF Nielsen, Forrest H. Lukaski, Henry C. Johnson, Luann K. Roughead, Z. K. (Fariba) TI Reported zinc, but not copper, intakes influence whole-body bone density, mineral content and T score responses to zinc and copper supplementation in healthy postmenopausal women SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Zinc; Copper; Bone; Magnesium ID MAGNESIUM BALANCE; DEFICIENCY; RATS; CALCIUM; ABSORPTION; STRENGTH; HUMANS; IRON AB A supplementation trial starting with 224 postmenopausal women provided with adequate vitamin D and Ca was conducted to determine whether increased Cu and Zn intakes would reduce the risk for bone loss. Healthy women aged 51-80 years were recruited for a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Women with similar femoral neck T scores and BMI were randomly assigned to two groups of 112 each that were supplemented daily for 2 years with 600 mg Ca plus maize starch placebo or 600 mg Ca plus 2 mg Cu and 12 mg Zn. Whole-body bone mineral contents, densities and T scores were determined biannually by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and 5 d food diaries were obtained annually. Repeated-measures ANCOVA showed that bone mineral contents, densities and T scores decreased from baseline values to year 2. A priori contrasts between baseline and year 2 indicated that the greatest decreases occurred with Cu and Zn supplementation. Based on 5 d food diaries, the negative effect was caused by Zn and mainly occurred with Zn intakes >= 8.0 mg/d. With Zn intakes <8.0 mg/d, Zn supplementation apparently prevented a significant decrease in whole-body bone densities and T scores. Food diaries also indicated that Mg intakes <237 mg/d, Cu intakes <0.9 mg/d and Zn intakes <8.0 mg/d are associated with poorer bone health. The findings indicate that Zn supplementation may be beneficial to bone health in postmenopausal women with usual Zn intakes <8.0 mg/d but not in women consuming adequate amounts of Zn. C1 [Nielsen, Forrest H.; Johnson, Luann K.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Lukaski, Henry C.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Phys Educ Exercise Sci & Wellness, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Roughead, Z. K. (Fariba)] Nestle Nutr R&D Ctr Minneapolis, Minnetonka, MN USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov FU Congressional appropriations allocated to the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center FX The research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. The study was funded by Congressional appropriations allocated to the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, which was the research location. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 106 IS 12 BP 1872 EP 1879 DI 10.1017/S0007114511002352 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 862RJ UT WOS:000298111400012 PM 21733304 ER PT J AU Kane, VR Gersonde, RF Lutz, JA McGaughey, RJ Bakker, JD Franklin, JF AF Kane, Van R. Gersonde, Rolf F. Lutz, James A. McGaughey, Robert J. Bakker, Jonathan D. Franklin, Jerry F. TI Patch dynamics and the development of structural and spatial heterogeneity in Pacific Northwest forests SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID MULTITEMPORAL LIDAR DATA; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; BOREAL FOREST; CANOPY GAPS; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; TREE MORTALITY; GROWTH; COMPLEXITY; STAND; SCALE AB Over time, chronic small-scale disturbances within forests should create distinct stand structures and spatial patterns. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the structure and spatial arrangement of gaps and canopy patches. We used airborne LiDAR data from 100 sites (cumulative 11.2 km(2)) in the Pacific Northwest, USA, across a 643 year chronosequence to measure canopy structure, patch and gap diversity, and scales of variance. We used airborne LiDAR's ability to identify strata in canopy surface height to distinguish patch spatial structures as homogeneous canopy structure, matrix patch structures, or patch mosaics. We identified six distinct stand structure classes that were associated with the canopy closure, competitive exclusion, maturation, and three patch mosaics stages of late seral forest development. Structural variance peaked in all classes at the tree-to-tree and tree-to-gap scales (10-15 m), but many sites maintained high variance at scales >30 m and up to 200 m, emphasizing the high patch-to-patch heterogeneity. The time required to develop complex patch and gap structures was highly variable and was likely linked to individual site circumstances. The high variance at larger scales appears to be an emergent property that is not a simple propagation of processes observed at smaller spatial scales. C1 [Kane, Van R.; Lutz, James A.; Bakker, Jonathan D.; Franklin, Jerry F.] Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [McGaughey, Robert J.] Univ Washington, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gersonde, Rolf F.] Seattle Publ Util, Watershed Serv Div, N Bend, WA 98045 USA. RP Kane, VR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Forest Resources, Coll Environm, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM vkane@u.washington.edu RI Lutz, James/B-3785-2012; Bakker, Jonathan/I-6960-2013 FU NASA [NNX07AN75H]; Watershed Services Division of Seattle Public Utilities; King County Government of Washington State; Nature Conservancy of Washington State FX This work was supported by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program (grant NNX07AN75H). The Watershed Services Division of Seattle Public Utilities, the King County Government of Washington State, and the Nature Conservancy of Washington State provided additional funding support. The Watershed Services Division of Seattle Public Utilities provided the LiDAR data used in the study. Michael Rosenberg gave permission to use a pre-release version of the PASSaGE 2 software and provided excellent support during the evaluation of different wavelet functions. Comments by Derek Churchill and R. Keala Hagmann and two anonymous reviewers improved earlier drafts of this manuscript. NR 67 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 32 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2276 EP 2291 DI 10.1139/X11-128 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 867GC UT WOS:000298441900003 ER PT J AU Harrington, TB AF Harrington, Timothy B. TI Overstory and understory relationships in longleaf pine plantations 14 years after thinning and woody control SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION; RESPONSES; FORESTS; GROWTH; SAVANNAS; ESTABLISHMENT; BIODIVERSITY; RESTORATION; RICHNESS; FIRE AB To develop silvicultural strategies for restoring longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) savannas, mortality and growth of overstory pines and midstory hardwoods and abundance and species richness of herbs were studied for 14 years after pine thinning and nonpine woody control. Pine cover in thinned stands was about half of that in nonthinned stands through year 5, but it lagged by only 8% and 3% in years 9 and 14, respectively, because of vigorous crown responses. Despite a cumulative mortality of 64% of hardwood stems from prescribed fires in years 0, 4, and 9, hardwood basal area in thinned stands (2.1 m(2).ha(-1)) was three times that in nonthinned stands (0.7 m(2)-ha(-1)) in year 14. Thinning was associated with 13%-22% more cover and six to eight more species of herbs in years 3-8 but only 6% more cover and two more species in year 14 because of accelerated growth of pine cover and hardwood basal area. However, similar increases in cover and richness of herb species in the woody control treatment were retained through year 14 because it had sustained reductions in hardwood and shrub abundance. Silvicultural strategies that substantially delay encroachment by pines, hardwoods, and shrubs will be those most effective at retaining herb species in longleaf pine savannas, including planting pines at wide spacing, periodic thinning and woody control, and frequent burning. C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Harrington, TB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM tharrington@fs.fed.us FU Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the US Forest Service Savannah River [DE-AI09-00SR22188] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the US Forest Service Savannah River under Interagency Agreement DE-AI09-00SR22188. The author is grateful to John Blake for his timely contributions to study plan development and execution throughout all phases of the research. Numerous staff members from US Forest Service Savannah River, University of Georgia, and the Southern and Pacific Northwest Research Stations Were instrumental in the support and conduct of this research, especially B. Edwards, E. Olson, J. Scott, W. O'Connell, B. Miley, M. Xu, J. Catch, R. Simmons, D. Imm, J. Dollins, D. Stephens, and the Savannah River Fire Crew. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 38 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2301 EP 2314 DI 10.1139/X11-140 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 867GC UT WOS:000298441900005 ER PT J AU Marchetti, SB Worrall, JJ Eager, T AF Marchetti, Suzanne Bethers Worrall, James J. Eager, Thomas TI Secondary insects and diseases contribute to sudden aspen decline in southwestern Colorado, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID POPULUS-TREMULOIDES; TREE MORTALITY; DROUGHT; FORESTS; CANADA; MECHANISMS; COLEOPTERA; PATHOGENS; DIEBACK; CLIMATE AB Reports of drought-associated forest mortality have increased around the world, but the mechanisms of mortality are rarely direct in nature. Biotic agents may kill trees that could otherwise recover and can perpetuate and expand mortality after the stress is relieved. Sudden aspen decline (SAD) has caused rapid, widespread branch dieback and mortality of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). We compared insects and diseases in 162 damaged and neighboring healthy plots to determine contributing factors and their ecological roles. Cytospora canker, bronze poplar borer, and aspen bark beetles were the most common agents in damaged plots and correlated with crown loss and other factors related to SAD. This was the first documented outbreak of Trypophloeus populi, an aspen bark beetle. As bark beetles and bronze poplar borer increased in damaged stands, they tended to attack trees with healthier crowns. Environmental stress may have directly affected the success of these agents by increasing host susceptibility followed by a density-dependent increase in the insects' invasive ability. In contrast, Cytospora canker had an identical relationship to crown loss in healthy versus damaged plots, suggesting that it was not limited by inoculum but responded to host susceptibility. Most other pathogens and insects contributed little to SAD and appear to be primary or weakening agents. The biotic agents of mortality in a decline differ greatly from primary agents and play complex and varied roles in healthy versus declining stands. C1 [Marchetti, Suzanne Bethers; Worrall, James J.; Eager, Thomas] US Forest Serv, USDA, Gunnison, CO 81230 USA. RP Marchetti, SB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 216 N Colorado St, Gunnison, CO 81230 USA. EM sbmarchetti@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service FX This work was supported in part by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring, Evaluation Monitoring Program. Roy Mask and Leanne Egeland provided advice and assistance in developing protocols and choosing plot sites. Much of the field work was ably conducted by Kerry Kemp, Sarah Tharp, Angel Watkins, and Brian Cochran. Mary Lou Fairweather, Jose Negron, and Roy Mask reviewed the manuscript. NR 42 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 49 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2315 EP 2325 DI 10.1139/X11-106 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 867GC UT WOS:000298441900006 ER PT J AU Zarnoch, SJ Bowker, JM Cordell, HK AF Zarnoch, Stanley J. Bowker, J. M. Cordell, H. Ken TI A mixed-modes approach for estimating hiking on trails through diverse forest landscapes: the case of the Appalachian Trail SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION; CORRIDORS; VARIANCE AB Many hiking trails traverse the forests and public lands across North America. It has therefore become important for federal management to gain an understanding of total use on these trails. However, there has never been a formal attempt to estimate hiking on these long, backcountry trails. This paper presents an approach that utilizes two survey instruments (exit-site tallies and a trail-user questionnaire) and two primary estimation components (standard and augmented sites) to estimate hikers over a spatial and temporal span. For illustrative purposes, the methodology is applied to a 175 km segment of the Appalachian Trail from 1 June through 14 August 2007. Two alternative estimation methodologies are presented and compared. The model-based approach may be preferred to the design-based approach when sample size is small because it smoothes erratic strata estimates and yields smaller standard errors. However, the design-based approach relaxes an assumption and is more appropriate as sample size increases. In our survey of the Appalachian Trail, there was a 5.6% difference between the visitation estimates based on these two approaches, and such stability reinforces confidence in the methodology. C1 [Zarnoch, Stanley J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Bowker, J. M.; Cordell, H. Ken] US Forest Serv, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Zarnoch, SJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. EM szarnoch@fs.fed.us FU National Park Service [R2490050022]; Appalachian National Scenic Trail; USDA Forest Service FX This work was supported in part by an Interagency Acquisition Agreement (No. R2490050022) between the National Park Service, the Appalachian National Scenic Trail, and the USDA Forest Service. The authors thank Matt Owens, Allison Ginn, Gary Green, Lincoln Larson, and Donald B.K. English for assistance with various phases of the study. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2346 EP 2358 DI 10.1139/X11-147 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 867GC UT WOS:000298441900009 ER PT J AU Grose, PH AF Grose, Patrick H. TI A comparison of the effects of different shelterwood harvest methods on the survival and growth of acorn-origin oak seedlings SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN RED-OAK; YELLOW-POPLAR SEEDLINGS; QUERCUS-RUBRA; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; FORESTS; LIGHT; ROOT; REPRODUCTION; NUTRIENTS; RADIATION AB Timely development of newly germinated oak (Quercus spp.) seedlings into competitive-sized regeneration is an essential part of the oak regeneration process. The amount of sunlight reaching the forest floor partly governs this development, and foresters often use the shelterwood system to expose oak seedlings to varying degrees of insolation. To further understand the seedling development sunlight shelterwood relationships, I conducted a multiyear study at five locations in Pennsylvania. Each location had four stands either uncut or recently treated with one of three shelterwood harvest methods (preparatory cut, first removal cut, or final removal cut) resulting in four different levels of sunlight reaching the forest floor. In each stand, four 32 m(2) plots were prepared, and each was planted with 400 acorns of black (Quercus velutina Lam.), chestnut (Quercus montana Willd.), northern red (Quercus rubra L.), or white oak (Qttercus alba L.) and protected from wildlife. Germination success was universally high and for the next 8 years, I monitored seedling survival and measured seedling growth. The final and first removal cut treatments had higher seedling survival than the preparatory cut and uncut treatments. Oak seedling growth was positively related to sunlight availability; seedlings in the final removal cut grew the most, followed in descending order by those in the first removal cut, preparatory cut, and uncut treatments. These findings provide insight into the subtleties of regenerating oak forests with the shelterwood system. C1 US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. RP Grose, PH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 335 Natl Forge Rd, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. EM pbrose@fs.fed.us FU Bureau of Forestry; Northern Research Station FX This project has involved the efforts of many people. I am especially indebted to Wendy Andersen, Brent Carlson, Josh Hanson, Beth Irwin, Ty Ryen, and Greg Sanford for installing the study, collecting the seedlings, and conducting all the measurements. Without their help, this project could never have been done. I also thank the Allegheny National Forest, Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry, and the Pennsylvania Game Commission for giving permission to use their lands and providing numerous types of in-kind support. The Bureau of Forestry provided start-up funding for this project, and the Northern Research Station provided subsequent funding for project completion. John Stanovick of the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, graciously provided guidance on the statistical analyses. Finally, I thank Kurt Gottschalk, Robert Long, Gary Miller, and Thomas Schuler of the Northern Research Station for reviews of earlier drafts of this manuscript that helped with clarity and conciseness. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2359 EP 2374 DI 10.1139/X11-143 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 867GC UT WOS:000298441900010 ER PT J AU Eberhardt, TL Sheridan, PM Bhuta, AAR AF Eberhardt, Thomas L. Sheridan, Philip M. Bhuta, Arvind A. R. TI Revivification of a method for identifying longleaf pine timber and its application to southern pine relicts in southeastern Virginia SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID PALUSTRIS P. MILL.; HISTORY; FORESTS AB Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) cannot be distinguished from the other southern pines based on wood anatomy alone. A method that involves measuring pith and second annual ring diameters, reported by Arthur Koehler in 1932 (The Southern Lumberman, 145: 36-37), was revisited as an option for identifying longleaf pine timbers and stumps. Cross-section disks of longleaf, loblolly (Pinus taeda L.), and shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pines were measured and the diameters of their piths and second annual rings plotted against each other. From this plot, longleaf pine could be differentiated from the other two southern pine species, demonstrating that a method established with trees harvested more than 70 years ago is still applicable to standing timber of today. No evidence was found to suggest that different growth rates impact method applicability. In those situations where the second annual ring is intact, but not the pith, very large second annual ring diameters (>40 mm) may identify timbers with a lower probability of being longleaf pine. In addition to the identification of very old lightwood stumps as part of a longleaf pine restoration effort, both methods may be applied to timber identification in historic structures and the niche forest products industry involving the recovery and processing of highly prized longleaf pine logs from river bottoms. Measurements from relicts sampled in this study were consistent with the purported range for longleaf pine in Virginia. C1 [Eberhardt, Thomas L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Sheridan, Philip M.] Meadowview Biol Res Stn, Woodford, VA 22580 USA. [Bhuta, Arvind A. R.] Virginia Tech, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Eberhardt, TL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 2500 Shreveport Highway, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM teberhardt@fs.fed.us OI Bhuta, Arvind/0000-0003-3624-1765 FU Jack Abeel FX Assistance with specimen preparations and measurements was provided by Donna Edwards and Karen Reed, respectively. Permission to sample the log from the Blackwater River was granted by Jack Abeel. John McGuire is acknowledged for helpful discussions. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 12 BP 2440 EP 2447 DI 10.1139/X11-156 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 867GC UT WOS:000298441900017 ER PT J AU Rosenau, T Potthast, A Krainz, K Yoneda, Y Dietz, T Shields, ZPI French, AD AF Rosenau, Thomas Potthast, Antje Krainz, Karin Yoneda, Yuko Dietz, Thomas Shields, Zenaida Peralta-Inga French, Alfred D. TI Chromophores in cellulosics, VI. First isolation and identification of residual chromophores from aged cotton linters SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Cellulose; Cotton; Chromophores; Aging; Bleaching; CRI method; Hydroxybenzoquinones; Hydroxynaphthoquinones; Hydroxyacetophenones; Quantum mechanics ID N-OXIDE LYOCELL; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; MAILLARD REACTION; D-GLUCOSE; DISCOLORATION; FOODS AB In the present work, aged cotton linters have been analyzed for their chromophore content according to the CRI ("chromophore release & identification") method. Despite the very low contents in the ppb range, nine chromophores have been unambiguously identified, which makes this account the first one on defined chromophoric structures isolated from cotton. A common feature of the chromophores are 2-hydroxy-[1,4] benzoquinone, 2-hydroxyacetophenone and 5,8-dihydroxynaphthoquinone moieties, which resemble chromophoric structures found in other cellulosic substrates, such as bleached pulps or fibers. The finding of these compounds in lignin-free cotton linters confirms the previous hypothesis that those chromophores are formed from (oxidized) carbohydrate structures rather than from lignin fragments. C1 [Rosenau, Thomas; Potthast, Antje; Krainz, Karin; Yoneda, Yuko] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci Vienna, Dept Chem, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Dietz, Thomas] Degussa AG, Hanau, Germany. [Shields, Zenaida Peralta-Inga] CleveTheoComp LLC, Cleveland, OH 44113 USA. [French, Alfred D.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Rosenau, T (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci Vienna, Dept Chem, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. EM thomas.rosenau@boku.ac.at OI Rosenau, Thomas/0000-0002-6636-9260 FU Austrian Christian-Doppler-Society FX We would like to thank the Austrian Christian-Doppler-Society for financial support through the "Christian Doppler Laboratory for Advanced Cellulose Chemistry and Analytics". NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD DEC PY 2011 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1623 EP 1633 DI 10.1007/s10570-011-9585-0 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 874YJ UT WOS:000298994200023 ER PT J AU Verbruggen, SCAT de Betue, CTI Schierbeek, H Chacko, S van Adrichem, LNA Verhoeven, J van Goudoever, JB Joosten, KFM AF Verbruggen, Sascha C. A. T. de Betue, Carlijn T. I. Schierbeek, Henk Chacko, Shaji van Adrichem, Leon N. A. Verhoeven, Jennifer van Goudoever, Johannes B. Joosten, Koen F. M. TI Reducing glucose infusion safely prevents hyperglycemia in post-surgical children SO CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Critical care; Gluconeogenesis; Glycogenolysis; Amino acid; Tight glucose; Catabolism ID CRITICALLY-ILL CHILDREN; UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME PATHWAY; INTENSIVE INSULIN THERAPY; BODY PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; TYROSINE KINETICS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CARBOHYDRATE OXIDATION; PEDIATRIC INDEX; ADULT HUMANS; WHOLE-BODY AB Background & aims: To investigate the effects of two different glucose infusions on glucose homeostasis and amino acid metabolism in post-surgical children. Methods: This randomized crossover study evaluated glucose and amino acid metabolism in eight children (age 9.8 +/- 1.9 months, weight 9.5 +/- 1.1 kg) admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit in a tertiary university hospital after surgical correction for non-syndromal craniosynostosis. Patients were randomized to receive low (LG; 2.5 mg kg(-1) min(-1)) and standard (SG; 5.0 mg kg-1 min-1) glucose infusion in a crossover setting. After a bolus (4 g kg(-1)) of deuterium oxide, we conducted a primed, constant, 8 h tracer infusion with [6,6-(2)H(2)]Glucose, [1-(13)C]Leucine, [ring-(2)H(5)]Phenylalanine and [3,3-(2)H(2)]Tyrosine. Results: SG resulted in hyperglycemia (defined as > 6.1 mmol L(-1)), while during LG plasma glucose levels were normoglycemic (5.9 +/- 0.6 vs. 7.5 +/- 1.7 mmol L(-1); LG vs. SG respectively, p = 0.02). Hypoglycemia did not occur during LG infusion. Endogenous glucose production was not fully suppressed during the hyperglycemic state under SG and increased with reduced glucose infusion (2.6 +/- 1.5 vs. 1.1 +/- 1.4 mg kg(-1) min(-1); LG vs. SG; p = 0.05). Whole body protein balance derived from leucine and phenylalanine kinetics was slightly negative but not further affected with a decrease in glucose infusion. Conclusions: The current recommended glucose infusion induces hyperglycemia in post-surgical children. A reduced glucose infusion safely reduced high glucose levels, while children were capable to sustain normoglycemia with increased endogenous glucose production. The reduced glucose infusion did not exacerbate the mild catabolic state in which the patients were. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved. C1 [Joosten, Koen F. M.] Erasmus MC Sophia Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Pediat Intens Care Unit, NL-3015 GJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Chacko, Shaji] USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [van Adrichem, Leon N. A.] Erasmus MC Sophia Childrens Hosp, Dept Plast Surg, NL-3015 GJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. [van Goudoever, Johannes B.] Emma Childrens Hosp, Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [van Goudoever, Johannes B.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Joosten, KFM (reprint author), Erasmus MC Sophia Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Pediat Intens Care Unit, Dr Molewaterpl 60, NL-3015 GJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM k.joosten@erasmusmc.nl FU Sophia Children's Hospital (SSWO) FX This study was financially supported by the Sophia Children's Hospital Fund (SSWO). The grant supplier had no involvement whatsoever in the study design, in the collection, analysis, and the interpretation of data, and in the decision to submit for publication. All authors have nothing to declare. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0261-5614 J9 CLIN NUTR JI Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 786 EP 792 DI 10.1016/j.clnu.2011.05.011 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 874EY UT WOS:000298939400015 PM 21719165 ER PT J AU Pryor, BS Lisle, T Montoya, DS Hilton, S AF Pryor, Bonnie Smith Lisle, Thomas Montoya, Diane Sutherland Hilton, Sue TI Transport and storage of bed material in a gravel-bed channel during episodes of aggradation and degradation: a field and flume study SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE bed material transport; sediment storage; aggradation ID MENDOCINO TRIPLE JUNCTION; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; SURFACE-LAYER; REDWOOD CREEK; RIVERS; MORPHOLOGY; PULSES; CATCHMENT; LANDSCAPE AB The dynamics of sediment transport capacity in gravel-bed rivers is critical to understanding the formation and preservation of fluvial landforms and formulating sediment-routing models in drainage systems. We examine transport-storage relations during cycles of aggradation and degradation by augmenting observations of three events of channel aggradation and degradation in Cuneo Creek, a steep (3%) gravel-bed channel in northern California, with measurements from a series of flume runs modeling those events. An armored, single-thread channel was formed before feed rates were increased in each aggradation run. Output rates increased as the channel became finer and later widened, steepened, and braided. After feed rates were cut, output rates remained high or increased in early stages of degradation as the incising channel remained fine-grained, and later decreased as armoring intensified. If equilibrium was not reached before sediment feed rate was cut, then a rapid transition from a braided channel to a single-thread channel caused output rates for a given storage volume to be higher during degradation than during aggradation. Variations in channel morphology, and surface bed texture during runs that modeled the three cycles of aggradation and degradation were similar to those observed in Cuneo Creek and provide confidence in interpretations of the history of change: Cuneo Creek aggraded rapidly as it widened, shallowed, and braided, then degraded rapidly before armoring stabilized the channel. Such morphology-driven changes in transport capacity may explain the formation of flood terraces in proximal channels. Transport-storage relations can be expected to vary between aggradation and degradation and be influenced by channel conditions at the onset of changes in sediment supply. Published in 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Pryor, Bonnie Smith; Lisle, Thomas; Montoya, Diane Sutherland; Hilton, Sue] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA USA. RP Lisle, T (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA USA. EM thomas.lisle@gmail.com OI Pryor, Bonnie/0000-0002-4396-1739 FU US Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; US Forest Service, National Science Foundation [0116726]; Humboldt State University Environmental Resources Engineering Department FX Field and flume studies were supported by US Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. Construction and instrumentation of the flume were supported by US Forest Service, National Science Foundation Grant #0116726, and the Humboldt State University Environmental Resources Engineering Department. NR 42 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 15 BP 2028 EP 2041 DI 10.1002/esp.2224 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 857PG UT WOS:000297730400004 ER PT J AU Matthews, SN Iverson, LR Prasad, AM Peters, MP AF Matthews, Stephen N. Iverson, Louis R. Prasad, Anantha M. Peters, Matthew P. TI Changes in potential habitat of 147 North American breeding bird species in response to redistribution of trees and climate following predicted climate change SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; MIGRATORY BIRDS; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; RANDOM FORESTS; DISTRIBUTIONS; IMPACT; SHIFTS; RANGE; MODEL AB Mounting evidence shows that organisms have already begun to respond to global climate change. Advances in our knowledge of how climate shapes species distributional patterns has helped us better understand the response of birds to climate change. However, the distribution of birds across the landscape is also driven by biotic and abiotic components, including habitat characteristics. We therefore developed statistical models of 147 bird species distributions in the eastern United States, using climate, elevation, and the distributions of 39 tree species to predict contemporary bird distributions. We used randomForest, a robust regression-based decision tree ensemble method to predict contemporary bird distributions. These models were then projected onto three models of climate change under high and low emission scenarios for both climate and the projected change in suitable habitat for the 39 tree species. The resulting bird species models indicated that breeding habitat will decrease by at least 10% for 6179 species (depending on model and emissions scenario) and increase by at least 10% for 3852 species in the eastern United States. Alternatively, running the species models using only climate/elevation (omitting tree species), we found that the predictive power of these models was significantly reduced (p<0.001). When these climate/elevation-only models were projected onto the climate change scenarios, the change in suitable habitat was more extreme in 60% of the species. In the end, the strong associations with vegetation tempers a climate/elevation-only response to climate change and indicates that refugia of suitable habitat may persist for these bird species in the eastern US, even after the redistribution of tree species. These results suggest the importance of interacting biotic processes and that further fine-scale research exploring how climate change may disrupt species specific requirements is needed. C1 [Matthews, Stephen N.; Iverson, Louis R.; Prasad, Anantha M.; Peters, Matthew P.] US Forest Serv, Delaware, OH USA. RP Matthews, SN (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Terr Wildlife Ecol Lab, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM snmatthews@fs.fed.us RI Matthews, Stephen/D-1050-2012; Iverson, Louis/C-7554-2009 OI Iverson, Louis/0000-0001-9501-471X FU U.S. Forest Service FX The authors thank the Northern Global Change Program, U.S. Forest Service, for support, and the Forest Inventory and Analysis units of the U.S. Forest Service, and the USGS Breeding Bird Survey for forest and bird data, respectively. We thank Paul G. Rodewald and Scott Stoleson, and two anonymous reviews for comments that improved this manuscript. Finally, we are indebted to our colleague the late Raymond J. O'Connor for his vision and efforts that have guided us in his absence. NR 66 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 83 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0906-7590 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD DEC PY 2011 VL 34 IS 6 BP 933 EP 945 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2011.06803.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 857SD UT WOS:000297738200004 ER PT J AU Lin, BH Smith, TA Lee, JY Hall, KD AF Lin, Biing-Hwan Smith, Travis A. Lee, Jonq-Ying Hall, Kevin D. TI Measuring weight outcomes for obesity intervention strategies: The case of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax SO ECONOMICS & HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beverage demand; Sugar-sweetened beverage tax; Obesity; Calorie-to-weight ID BODY-MASS INDEX; SOFT DRINK CONSUMPTION; IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM; FOOD-PRICES; HEALTH; IMPACT; GAIN; FAT AB Taxing unhealthy foods has been proposed as a means to improve diet and health by reducing calorie intake and raising funds to combat obesity, particularly sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). A growing number of studies have examined the effects of such food taxes, but few have estimated the weight-loss effects. Typically, a static model of 3500 calories for one pound of body weight is used, and the main objective of the study is to demonstrate its bias. To accomplish the objective, we estimate income-segmented beverage demand systems to examine the potential effects of a SSB tax. Elasticity estimates and a hypothetical 20 percent effective tax rate (or about 0.5 cent per ounce) are applied to beverage intake data from a nationally representative survey, and we find an average daily reduction of 34-47 calories among adults and 40-51 calories among children. The tax-induced energy reductions are translated into weight loss using both static and dynamic calorie-to-weight models. Results demonstrate that the static model significantly overestimates the weight loss from reduced energy intake by 63 percent in year one, 346 percent in year five, and 764 percent in year 10, which leads to unrealistic expectations for obesity intervention strategies. The tax is estimated to generate $5.8 billion a year in revenue and is found to be regressive, although it represents about 1 percent of household food and beverage spending. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lin, Biing-Hwan] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Smith, Travis A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Lee, Jonq-Ying] Univ Florida, Dept Food & Resource Econ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hall, Kevin D.] NIDDK, Lab Biol Modeling, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Lin, BH (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 355 E St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM blin@ers.usda.gov; smit6196@umn.edu; jonqying@ufl.edu; kevinh@niddk.nih.gov NR 43 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 5 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-677X J9 ECON HUM BIOL JI Econ. Hum. Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 4 BP 329 EP 341 DI 10.1016/j.ehb.2011.08.007 PG 13 WC Economics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Business & Economics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 860PR UT WOS:000297960700001 PM 21940223 ER PT J AU Yee, WL Gouchnour, RB Feder, JL AF Yee, Wee L. Gouchnour, Robert B. Feder, Jeffrey L. TI Differences in Body Size and Egg Loads of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) From Introduced and Native Cherries SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Western cherry fruit fly; Prunus avium; Prunus emarginata; head width; wing length ID TOXOTRYPANA-CURVICAUDA DIPTERA; FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; HOST-PLANT USE; MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT; WASHINGTON-STATE; APPLE MAGGOT; FECUNDITY; SURVIVAL; FLIES; INSECTS AB The western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, infests introduced, domesticated sweet [Prunus avium (L.) L.], and tart cherries (Prunus cerasus L.) as well as native bitter cherry, Prunus emarginata (Douglas) Eaton. Bitter cherries are smaller than sweet and tart cherries and this could affect various life history traits of flies. The objectives of the current study were to determine 1) if body size and egg loads of flies infesting sweet, tart, and bitter cherries differ from one another; and 2) if any observed body size differences are genetically based or caused by the host fruit environment. Pupae and adults of both sexes reared from larval-infested sweet and tart cherries collected in Washington and Montana were larger than those reared from bitter cherries. In addition, flies of both sexes caught on traps in sweet and tart cherry trees were larger than those caught in bitter cherry trees and females trapped from sweet and tart cherry trees had 54.0-98.8% more eggs. The progeny of flies from naturally-infested sweet and bitter cherries reared for one generation in the laboratory on sweet cherry did not differ in size. The same also was true for progeny of sweet and bitter cherry flies reared in the field on bitter cherry. The results suggest that the larger body sizes of flies from sweet and tart cherries than bitter cherries in the field are caused by host fruit and not genetic factors. C1 [Yee, Wee L.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Gouchnour, Robert B.] Washington State Univ, Vancouver Res & Extens Unit, Vancouver, WA 98665 USA. [Feder, Jeffrey L.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 19 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1353 EP 1362 DI 10.1603/EN11128 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300004 PM 22217749 ER PT J AU Grubin, SM Ross, DW Wallin, KF AF Grubin, Sarah M. Ross, Darrell W. Wallin, Kimberly F. TI Prey Suitability and Phenology of Leucopis spp. (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) Associated With Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in the Pacific Northwest SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adelges tsugae; biological control; Leucopis argenticollis; Leucopis piniperda; prey suitability ID FOREST RESPONSE; EASTERN HEMLOCK; UNITED-STATES; HOMOPTERA; COLEOPTERA; PREDATORS; DERODONTIDAE; LARICOBIUS; DYNAMICS; APHID AB Leucopis spp. (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) from the Pacific Northwest previously were identified as potential biological control agents for the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), in the eastern United States. We collected Leucopis spp. larvae from A. tsugae infested western hemlocks in Oregon and Washington and reared them on an unidentified Pineus spp., Pineus strobi (Hartig), Adelges cooleyi (Gillette), Adelges piceae (Ratzeburg), and A. tsugae in three no-choice tests. Leucopis spp. survival on A. tsugae was significantly higher than on A. piceae during the 2010 progrediens generation test and significantly higher than on P. strobi and A. cooleyi during the 2010 sistens generation test. However, across all three tests, some larvae completed development to adult on all four of the alternative adelgid species. Larvae that survived to the adult stage were identified as Leucopis argenticollis Zetterstedt and Leucopis piniperda Mal loch. These results suggest that populations of L. argenticollis and L. piniperda in the Pacific Northwest may not be specific to A. tsugae. We also studied the phenology of Leucopis spp. on fourteen A. tsugae infested western hemlock trees in Oregon and Washington over a period of 14 mo. Leucopis spp. larvae were collected year-round, but highest densities coincided with the presence of progrediens and sistens eggs and adults of A. tsugae. There was a positive correlation between Leucopis spp. and A. tsugae abundance. C1 [Grubin, Sarah M.; Ross, Darrell W.; Wallin, Kimberly F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wallin, Kimberly F.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Wallin, Kimberly F.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Ross, DW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM darrell.ross@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV FX We thank D. Moeller, D. Wright, G. Fisher, G. Kohler, J. Mehlschau, and K. Stroda for their assistance in locating field sites. Thanks to S. Calmar', of the Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, CA Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA for Chamaemyiidae identifications, and to M. Huso and L. Ganio for statistical advice. This research was supported by grants from the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, WV. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1410 EP 1416 DI 10.1603/EN11127 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300011 PM 22217756 ER PT J AU Diaz, R Aguirre, C Wheeler, GS Lapointe, SL Rosskopf, E Overholt, WA AF Diaz, Rodrigo Aguirre, Carlos Wheeler, Gregory S. Lapointe, Stephen L. Rosskopf, Erin Overholt, William A. TI Differential Performance of Tropical Soda Apple and Its Biological Control Agent Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Open and Shaded Habitats SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Florida hammocks; insect herbivory; invasive weed; pastures; Solanum viarum ID HOST-PLANT QUALITY; SOLANUM-VIARUM; LINDERA-BENZOIN; LIGHT ENVIRONMENT; INSECT HERBIVORY; NATIVE CRUCIFER; LEAF MINERS; TRADE-OFFS; ABUNDANCE; LEPIDOPTERA AB The leaf feeding beetle Gratiana boliviana Spaeth has been released since 2003 in the southeastern United States for biological control of tropical soda apple, Solanum viarum Dunal. In Florida, G. boliviana can be found on tropical soda apple growing in open pastures as well as in shady wooded areas. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of light intensity on the performance of tropical soda apple and G. boliviana under greenhouse conditions, and to determine the abundance and mortality of G. boliviana in open and shaded habitats. Leaves growing in the shade were less tough, had higher water and nitrogen content, lower soluble sugars, and less dense and smaller glandular trichomes compared with leaves growing in the open. Plants grew slightly taller and wider under shaded conditions but total biomass was significantly reduced compared with plants grown in the open. In the greenhouse, G. boliviana had higher immature survival, greater folivory, larger adult size, and higher fecundity when reared on shaded plants compared with open plants. Sampling of field populations revealed that the overall abundance of G. boliviana was lower but leaf feeding damage was higher in shaded habitats compared with the open habitats. The percentage of eggs surviving to adult was greater in shaded compared with open habitats. The abundance of predators was higher in the open pasture and was positively correlated with the abundance of G. boliviana. These results indicate that not only plant quality but also habitat structure are important to the performance of weed biological control agents. C1 [Diaz, Rodrigo; Aguirre, Carlos; Overholt, William A.] Univ Florida, Biol Control Res & Containment Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wheeler, Gregory S.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Lapointe, Stephen L.; Rosskopf, Erin] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Diaz, R (reprint author), Univ Florida, Biol Control Res & Containment Lab, 2199 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM rrdg@ufl.edu NR 66 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1437 EP 1447 DI 10.1603/EN11203 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300014 PM 22217759 ER PT J AU Boughton, AJ Pemberton, RW AF Boughton, Anthony J. Pemberton, Robert W. TI Limited Field Establishment of a Weed Biocontrol Agent, Floracarus perrepae (Acariformes: Eriophyidae), Against Old World Climbing Fern in Florida - A Possible Role of Mite Resistant Plant Genotypes SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lygodium microphyllum; leaf-galls; biological control ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; SKELETONWEED CHONDRILLA-JUNCEA; LYGODIUM-MICROPHYLLUM; ACERIA-CHONDRILLAE; INVASIVE WEED; GALL MITE; SOLANUM-DULCAMARA; HOST SPECIFICITY; ACARI; LYGODIACEAE AB The leaflet galling mite Floracarus perrepae Knihinicki & Boczek was released on Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) in 63 plots in Florida from 2008 to 2009. Mites transferred onto field plants in 34 plots, but failed to establish populations in the majority of plots. Leaflet galls were observed in only six plots, and in only two plots did mite populations persist for >12 mo. Rates of mite transfer onto field plants were similar for methods using direct transfer of galls versus approaches using passive transfer of mites from infested plants. Often leaflets on some L. microphyllum plants were heavily galled by F. perrepae, whereas leaflets on intertwined stems of other L. microphyllum plants were ungalled but exhibited a characteristic browning and scorching of the leaflet tips. Living mites were consistently present on the undersurface of scorched leaflet tips on ungalled plants, suggesting that this damage might be caused by mite feeding on L. microphyllum genotypes that did not support induction of leaflet galls. Plant nutritional status did not account for differences in galling response, because there were no differences in leaflet nitrogen between galled and ungalled stems. We review those factors known to affect the colonization of biological control agents, and discuss how they may have contributed to the lower than expected rate of F. perrepae establishment. C1 [Boughton, Anthony J.; Pemberton, Robert W.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Boughton, AJ (reprint author), USDA Agr Res Serv, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM anthony.boughton@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission; South Florida Water Management District FX We thank John Goolsby (USDA-ARS, Weslaco, TX) and Mic Evans (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) for making field collections of F. perrepae. Ryan Zonneveld (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Entomology) participated in establishment of the Fort Lauderdale colony. The authors thank Paul Madeira (USDA-ARS) for informative discussions concerning genetic diversity within L. microphyllum populations, and Paul Pratt (USDA-ARS) for help identifying predatory mites. Rachel Taylor (USDA-ARS) conducted the leaf nitrogen tests and assisted with field colonization efforts. Luke Kasarjian (USDA-ARS) supplied plants. This research was funded by financial support from the Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission and the South Florida Water Management District. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1448 EP 1457 DI 10.1603/EN11030 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300015 PM 22217760 ER PT J AU Cottrell, TE Beckman, TG Horton, DL AF Cottrell, T. E. Beckman, T. G. Horton, D. L. TI Lesser Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Oviposition on Prunus Germplasm SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Synanthedon pictipes; Synanthedon exitiosa; Prunus persica; Prunus angustifolia; Prunus serotina ID UNITED-STATES; CULTIVARS; ROOTSTOCK AB The lesser peachtree borer, Synanthedon pictipes (Grote and Robinson) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), is a serious pest of peach, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, across the southeastern United States. We examined oviposition by S. pictipes on field-grown Prunus scion and rootstock cultivars and two endemic Prunus spp. when sawn limbs, not roots, were assayed in the laboratory. A choice test compared oviposition on the peach scion 'Harvester', peach rootstock 'Guardian', plum x peach hybrid rootstock 'MP-29', and the plum hybrid rootstock 'Sharpe'. A significantly lower percentage of eggs occurred on limbs of Sharpe rootstock than other choices. A choice test using two endemic hosts, black cherry (P. serotina Ehrh.) and Chickasaw plum (P. angustifolia Marsh.), along with Sharpe rootstock, found a lower percentage of eggs on limbs of Sharpe than either endemic host. However, when only limbs of Sharpe and a decoy were used, almost all eggs were laid on Sharpe. Interestingly, when Harvester and Sharpe limbs were paired side by side, a higher percentage of eggs were recovered from the Harvester limb than from the Sharpe limb. An analysis of volatiles from Sharpe may identify why fewer eggs were laid on it. Because S. pictipes attacks host trees above ground and Sharpe rootstock on grafted trees grows below ground, this rootstock might be a management option against the congeneric, root-attacking peachtree borer, S. exitiosa (Say). Our results suggest that high budding a peach scion onto Sharpe rootstock, thus allowing the rootstock to serve as the trunk, warrants further investigation against S. exitiosa under orchard conditions. C1 [Cottrell, T. E.; Beckman, T. G.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Horton, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cottrell, TE (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM ted.cottrell@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1465 EP 1470 DI 10.1603/EN11056 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300017 PM 22217762 ER PT J AU Patt, JM Meikle, WG Mafra-Neto, A Setamou, M Mangan, R Yang, CH Malik, N Adamczyk, JJ AF Patt, Joseph M. Meikle, William G. Mafra-Neto, Agenor Setamou, Mamoudou Mangan, Robert Yang, Chenghai Malik, Nasir Adamczyk, John J. TI Multimodal Cues Drive Host-Plant Assessment in Asian Citrus Psyllid (Diaphorina citri) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE plant-herbivore interactions; host-finding behavior; olfactory; visual; huanglongbin ID ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH; PEAR PSYLLA; HETEROPSYLLA-CUBANA; HEMIPTERA PSYLLIDAE; MATING DISRUPTION; INSECT VECTOR; VISUAL CUES; VOLATILES; HOMOPTERA; FEMALE AB Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) transmits the causal agent of Huanglongbing, a devastating disease of citrus trees. In this study we measured behavioral responses of D. citri to combinations of visual, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli in test arenas. Stimuli were presented to the psyllids in droplets or lines of an emulsified wax formulation in two different arena types in no-choice tests. First, when placed on a colored ring situated halfway between the center and perimeter of a petri dish, D. citri spent more time on yellow versus gray rings; however, this response disappeared when either gray or yellow wax droplets were applied. When the psyllids were presented with droplets scented with terpenes, the response to both scent and color was increased. The addition of a dilute (approximate to 0.1 M) sucrose solution to the wax droplets increased the magnitude of D. citri responses. Next, groups of D. citri were placed on plastic laboratory film covering a sucrose solution, to mimic a leaf surface. Test stimuli were presented via two 'midribs' made from lines of emulsified wax formulation. Probing levels were measured as a function of color saturation and scent composition, and concentration. The test scents were based on qualitatively major volatiles emitted by Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle, and C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck. The highest probing response was observed on the middle concentration (20-mu l scent/10 ml wax formulation) of the C. aurantifoliascented wax lines. Results indicate that there are interactive effects between the different sensory modalities in directing host-plant assessment behavior. C1 [Patt, Joseph M.; Meikle, William G.; Mangan, Robert; Yang, Chenghai; Malik, Nasir; Adamczyk, John J.] USDA Agr Res Serv, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. [Mafra-Neto, Agenor] ISCA Technol Inc, Riverside, CA USA. [Setamou, Mamoudou] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Citrus Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Patt, JM (reprint author), USDA Agr Res Serv, Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. EM joseph.patt@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service, USDA-NIFA [6204-43000-015-03]; TX Citrus Producers Board; Citrus Research Board [5500-11C] FX Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service, USDA-NIFA (6204-43000-015-03), TX Citrus Producers Board and the Citrus Research Board (5500-11C). We gratefully acknowledge the laboratory assistance provided by J. Forward, A. GomezPlata, J. Johnston, R. Maldonado, D. Stockton, and 0. Zamora. The manuscript was greatly improved by comments provided by Elaine Backus, Lukasz Stelinski, and an anonymous reviewer. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 28 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1494 EP 1502 DI 10.1603/EN11149 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300021 PM 22217766 ER PT J AU Loeb, GM Cha, DH Hesler, SP Linn, CE Zhang, AJ Teal, PEA Roelofs, WL AF Loeb, Gregory M. Cha, Dong H. Hesler, Stephen P. Linn, Charles E., Jr. Zhang, Aijun Teal, Peter E. A. Roelofs, Wendell L. TI Monitoring Grape Berry Moth (Paralobesia viteana: Lepidoptera) in Commercial Vineyards using a Host Plant Based Synthetic Lure SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phenology; Tortricidae; volatiles; spatial distribution; population ID PHEROMONE TRAP CATCHES; TREATED APPLE ORCHARDS; FEMALE CODLING MOTH; SEX-PHEROMONE; CYDIA-POMONELLA; CLEMENS LEPIDOPTERA; LOBESIA-BOTRANA; NONHOST PLANT; BAITED TRAPS; WIND-TUNNEL AB For some Lepidopteran pests, such as the grape berry moth Paralobesia viteana (Clemens), poor correlation between males captured in traps baited with sex pheromone and oviposition activities of female moths has called into question the value of pheromone-based monitoring for these species. As an alternative, we compared the capture of female and male grape berry moth in panel traps baited with synthetic host volatiles with captures of males in pheromone-baited wing traps over two growing seasons in two blocks of grapes in a commercial vineyard in central New York. Lures formulated in hexane to release either 7-component or 13-component host volatile blends captured significantly more male and female grape berry moth on panel traps compared with the numbers captured on panel traps with hexane-only lures. For both sexes over both years, the same or more moths were captured in panel traps along the forest edge compared with the vineyard edge early in the season but this pattern was reversed by mid-season. Male moths captured in pheromone-baited wing traps also displayed this temporal shift in location. There was a significant positive correlation between captured males and females on panel traps although not between females captured on panel traps and males captured in pheromone-baited traps for both years suggesting pheromone traps do not accurately reflect either female or male activity. Male moths captured in pheromone traps indicated a large peak early in each season corresponding to first flight followed by lower and variable numbers that did not clearly indicate second and third flights. Panel trap data, combining males and females, indicated three distinct flights, with some overlap between the second and third flights. Peak numbers of moths captured on panel traps matched well with predictions of a temperature-based phenology model, especially in 2008. Although effective, panel traps baited with synthetic host lures were time consuming to deploy and maintain and captured relatively few moths making them impractical, in the current design, for commercial purposes. C1 [Loeb, Gregory M.; Cha, Dong H.; Hesler, Stephen P.; Linn, Charles E., Jr.; Roelofs, Wendell L.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS PSI, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Teal, Peter E. A.] USDA ARS, Chem Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Loeb, GM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM gme1@cornell.edu RI Cha, Dong/A-3977-2013 FU USDA NRI [2005-35302]; USDA Viticultural Consortium East; NY Wine and Grape Foundation FX We appreciate the help of Michael Colizzi, Kevin Conley, Tim Robideau, Arianna Waheed, and Jessica Worden with data collection for these field trials. Pendleton Farms in Rushville, NY was kind enough to allow us to work in several of their commercial vineyards. The comments and suggestions from two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. The research was supported through grants from USDA NRI grant no. 2005-35302, USDA Viticultural Consortium East, and NY Wine and Grape Foundation. NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 18 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1511 EP 1522 DI 10.1603/EN10249 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300023 PM 22217768 ER PT J AU Rosengaus, RB James, LT Hartke, TR Brent, CS AF Rosengaus, Rebeca B. James, Lady-Thelma Hartke, Tamara R. Brent, Colin S. TI Mate Preference and Disease Risk in Zootermopsis angusticollis (Isoptera: Termopsidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mate choice; Metarhizium anisopliae; reproductive maturation; fungal pathogens; socially transmitted diseases ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; TERMITE MACROTERMES-MICHAELSENI; FUNGAL SPORE GERMINATION; DAMPWOOD TERMITE; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; SECONDARY REPRODUCTIVES; RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES; HODOTERMES-MOSSAMBICUS AB Termites face significant and chronic intranidal selection pressures from parasites and pathogens that colonize their nests. They also encounter microbes outside their nest while foraging and during dispersal of winged primary reproductives to establish new colonies. The latter run the additional risk of becoming infected by a mating partner. Indeed, death of reproductives because of disease is a major cause of incipient colony failure and may favor prescreening prospective mates for signs of illness. To determine the role of disease on mate preference in termites, female primary reproductives of the Pacific dampwood termite Zootermopsis angusticollis (Hagen) simultaneously were presented with reproductive males that were either healthy or exhibiting a progression of symptoms associated with infection by the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff Sorokin). We compared duration and frequency of female visits to healthy and infected males. In addition, we determined the physiological consequences for females exposed to fungal conidia, either directly or indirectly through their mate. Females showed no preference for healthy rather than infected males. Moreover, only directly-exposed females experienced negative physiological effects, having a reduced chance of survival, gaining less weight, developing fewer functional ovarioles, and producing significantly fewer vitellogenic oocytes than controls. Although there are important fitness-related costs of direct exposure, the lack of mate selection based on disease risk suggests that more imminent ecological pressures (e.g., predators, desiccation) override the need for a careful and time-consuming assessment of a potential mate's health. C1 [Rosengaus, Rebeca B.; James, Lady-Thelma; Hartke, Tamara R.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Brent, Colin S.] USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Rosengaus, RB (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Biol, 134 Mugar Life Sci Bldg,360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM r.rosengaus@neu.edu RI Hartke, Tamara/I-2579-2013; OI Hartke, Tamara/0000-0002-5422-5251; Brent, Colin/0000-0003-2078-1417 FU NSF [DEB 0447316]; National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2002-35302-12526] FX All experiments were conducted in accordance with American statutes governing research. We thank the administrators of the Pebble Beach Resort in the Monterey Peninsula, the Palo Alto Foothill Park and the San Mateo County Parks, CA for allowing us to collect colonies of the dampwood termite, and Danielle Bulgier and Navina Mehta for help in analyzing part of the data. We are indebted to Troy Kieran and Daniel Calleri for assisting in the establishment of incipient colonies, and Shelly Adamo for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript. We appreciate Mike Siva-Jothy's discussion on the role of swarming in the elimination of diseased alates. Sylvia Cremer discussed anecdotal evidence of conidia having attractive properties. Special thanks to two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions. A grant from the Louis Stokes Minority Program supported Lady Thelma James. This research was supported by the NSF (DEB 0447316, Rosengaus RB, PI) and by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (grant number 2002-35302-12526, Brent CS, PI). Transport and maintenance permits were issued by the USDA (permit no. P526P-08-01533). NR 92 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 18 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1554 EP 1565 DI 10.1603/EN11055 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 871CD UT WOS:000298714300028 PM 22217773 ER PT J AU McIntosh, BS Ascough, JC Twery, M Chew, J Elmahdi, A Haase, D Harou, JJ Hepting, D Cuddy, S Jakeman, AJ Chen, S Kassahun, A Lautenbach, S Matthews, K Merritt, W Quinn, NWT Rodriguez-Roda, I Sieber, S Stavenga, M Sulis, A Ticehurst, J Volk, M Wrobel, M van Delden, H El-Sawah, S Rizzoli, A Voinov, A AF McIntosh, B. S. Ascough, J. C., II Twery, M. Chew, J. Elmahdi, A. Haase, D. Harou, J. J. Hepting, D. Cuddy, S. Jakeman, A. J. Chen, S. Kassahun, A. Lautenbach, S. Matthews, K. Merritt, W. Quinn, N. W. T. Rodriguez-Roda, I. Sieber, S. Stavenga, M. Sulis, A. Ticehurst, J. Volk, M. Wrobel, M. van Delden, H. El-Sawah, S. Rizzoli, A. Voinov, A. TI Environmental decision support systems (EDSS) development - Challenges and best practices SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Environmental decision support systems; EDSS; Information systems; Decision-making; Software development; Adoption; Use ID RIVER-BASIN MANAGEMENT; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; INTEGRATION; MODELS; TOOLS; INFORMATION; POLICY; DSS AB Despite the perceived value of DSS in informing environmental and natural resource management, DSS tools often fail to be adopted by intended end users. By drawing together the experience of a global group of EDSS developers, we have identified and assessed key challenges in EDSS development and offer recommendations to resolve them. Challenges related to engaging end users in EDSS development emphasise the need for a participatory process that embraces end users and stakeholders throughout the design and development process. Adoption challenges concerned with individual and organisational capacities to use EDSS and the match between EDSS and organisational goals can be overcome through the use of an internal champion to promote the EDSS at different levels of a target organisation; coordinate and build capacity within the organisation, and; ensure that developers maintain focus on developing EDSS which are relatively easy and inexpensive to use and update (and which are perceived as such by the target users). Significant challenges exist in relation to ensuring EDSS longevity and financial sustainability. Such business challenges may be met through planning and design that considers the long-term costs of training, support, and maintenance; revenue generation and licensing by instituting processes which support communication and interactions; and by employing software technology which enables easy model expansion and re use to gain an economy of scale and reduce development costs. A final group of perhaps more problematic challenges relate to how the success of EDSS ought to be evaluated. Whilst success can be framed relatively easily in terms of interactions with end users, difficulties of definition and measurability emerge in relation to the extent to which EDSS achieve intended outcomes. To tackle the challenges described, the authors provide a set of best practice recommendations concerned with promoting design for ease of use, design for usefulness, establishing trust and credibility, promoting EDSS acceptance, and starting simple and small in functionality terms. Following these recommendations should enhance the achievement of successful EDSS adoption, but more importantly, help facilitate the achievement of desirable social and environmental outcomes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McIntosh, B. S.] Int Water Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia. [McIntosh, B. S.] Griffith Univ, Smart Water Res Ctr, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia. [Ascough, J. C., II] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Twery, M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT USA. [Chew, J.] USDA FS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Forestry Sci lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Elmahdi, A.] Bur Meteorol, Climate & Water Div, Urban Water Balance Unit, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Haase, D.; Lautenbach, S.; Volk, M.] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Computat Landscape Ecol, Leipzig, Germany. [Harou, J. J.] UCL, Dept Civil Environm & Geomat Engn CEGE, London, England. [Hepting, D.] Univ Regina, Dept Comp Sci, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Cuddy, S.; Jakeman, A. J.; Chen, S.; Merritt, W.; Ticehurst, J.; El-Sawah, S.] Australian Natl Univ, Integrated Catchment Assessment & Management Ctr, Natl Ctr Groundwater Res & Training, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Kassahun, A.] Wageningen UR, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Matthews, K.] Integrated Land Use Syst Grp, Macaulay Inst, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Quinn, N. W. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Hydroecol Engn Adv Decis Support Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rodriguez-Roda, I.] Univ Girona, Lab Chem & Environm Engn, Girona, Spain. [Sieber, S.] Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res ZALF, Muncheberg, Germany. [Stavenga, M.] Maralte BV, Crown Business Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands. [Sulis, A.] Univ Cagliari, Dept Land Engn, Cagliari, Italy. [Wrobel, M.] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res PIK, Potsdam, Germany. [van Delden, H.] RIKS Bv, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Rodriguez-Roda, I.] Catalan Inst Water Res ICRA, Girona, Spain. [Voinov, A.] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, Enschede, Netherlands. RP McIntosh, BS (reprint author), Int Water Ctr, Level 16 333 Ann St, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia. EM b.mcintosh@watercentre.org RI Hepting, Daryl/A-8073-2010; Jakeman, Anthony/P-6786-2014; Quinn, Nigel/G-2407-2015; Merritt, Wendy/I-9329-2014; Voinov, Alexey/F-7397-2010; Lautenbach, Sven/C-1235-2010; Rizzoli, Andrea Emilio/B-2985-2010; Volk, Martin/F-1172-2010; Faculty of ITC, Dep Nat. Resources/C-4295-2014; Rodriguez-Roda, Ignasi/D-4817-2015 OI Hepting, Daryl/0000-0002-3138-3521; Jakeman, Anthony/0000-0001-5282-2215; Quinn, Nigel/0000-0003-3333-4763; Merritt, Wendy/0000-0003-1200-3658; Voinov, Alexey/0000-0002-2985-4574; Lautenbach, Sven/0000-0003-1825-9996; Rizzoli, Andrea Emilio/0000-0001-8179-0750; Volk, Martin/0000-0003-0064-8133; Rodriguez-Roda, Ignasi/0000-0002-8989-9061 FU UK EPSRC [CASE/CNA/07/104] FX Dr. McIntosh would like to acknowledge the support of the UK EPSRC (contract CASE/CNA/07/104). The remaining authors would like to thank their funding agencies and employing organisations for supporting travel and writing paper times. NR 94 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 8 U2 91 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1389 EP 1402 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2011.09.009 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 864WD UT WOS:000298270300003 ER PT J AU Gesteiro, E Bastida, S Vazquez-Velasco, M Corella, D Guillen, M Ordovas, JM Sanchez-Muniz, FJ AF Gesteiro, Eva Bastida, Sara Vazquez-Velasco, Miguel Corella, Dolores Guillen, Marisa Ordovas, Jose M. Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco J. TI Effects of APOA5 S19W polymorphism on growth, insulin sensitivity and lipoproteins in normoweight neonates SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE Apo A5 gene; S19W polymorphism; Apo B; Appropriate for gestational age; Body weight; HOMA; Insulin resistance markers; Lipids; Newborn ID PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH; CORD-BLOOD; PARAOXONASE ACTIVITY; GENE POLYMORPHISMS; HUMAN PLACENTA; FETAL-GROWTH; APOLIPOPROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL AB Apolipoprotein (Apo) A5 is a protein involved in the activation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and the metabolism of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins. LPL plays a major role in the metabolism of TG-rich lipoproteins, and placental LPL activity is known to correlate positively with foetal fat deposition and size. We examine the association between the common APOA5 S19W polymorphism and neonatal anthropometrical measurements, lipoprotein and hormone concentrations, and insulin sensitivity in 58 normal weight Caucasian newborns from the Merida cohort. Neonates with the W allele displayed lower BMI (P<0.001), ponderal index (P<0.001), birth weight (P<0.01), insulin levels (P<0.05), the insulin/cortisol ratio (P<0.05), HOMA-R (P<0.05) and Apo B values (P<0.01), but higher oxidised LDL (LDLox) values and a higher LDLox/low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ratio (both P<0.05) than S-homozygous newborns. The APOA5 S19W polymorphism was associated with foetal growth as well as with glucose and lipoprotein metabolism in the neonates. Concurrence of the S19W polymorphism in neonates and their mothers did not affect neonatal lipid and lipoprotein concentrations but was associated with impaired foetal growth. Specifically, W allele carriers displayed a higher degree of LDL oxidation and lower body weight, plasma insulin values, insulin/cortisol ratio and Apo B concentrations than homozygotes for the common S allele. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the W allele carriers received a less optimal nutrition during gestation and that their lipoprotein antioxidant status was inferior to that of their homozygous S allele counterparts. C1 [Gesteiro, Eva; Bastida, Sara; Vazquez-Velasco, Miguel; Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco J.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Nutr & Bromatol Nutr, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Gesteiro, Eva] Hosp Merida, Serv Anal Clin, Badajoz 06800, Spain. [Corella, Dolores; Guillen, Marisa] Univ Valencia, Fac Med, Dept Med Prevent, Valencia 46010, Spain. [Corella, Dolores; Guillen, Marisa] Univ Valencia, Fac Med, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad, ISCIII, Valencia 46010, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] TUFT Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Sanchez-Muniz, FJ (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Nutr & Bromatol Nutr, Plaza Ramon Cajal S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM frasan@farm.ucm.es RI Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco/K-9795-2014; Bastida, Sara/L-1619-2014 OI Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco/0000-0002-2660-5126; Bastida, Sara/0000-0002-2188-5966 FU Spanish AGL [2005-07204-C0-02-01/ALI, CB06/03/035, RD07/0067/0006] FX This study was partially supported by the Spanish AGL 2005-07204-C0-02-01/ALI, CB06/03/035 and RD07/0067/0006. Thanks are due to the Gynecology and Obstetrician and Laboratory Services of Merida Hospital (Badajoz, Spain) and to the mothers and children who participated in the study. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6199 J9 EUR J PEDIATR JI Eur. J. Pediatr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 170 IS 12 BP 1551 EP 1558 DI 10.1007/s00431-011-1473-y PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 870GJ UT WOS:000298657000009 PM 21505768 ER PT J AU Tang, HF Yan, CG Cao, J Sarma, JV Haura, EB Wu, M Gao, HW AF Tang, Huifang Yan, Chunguang Cao, Jay Sarma, J. Vidya Haura, Eric B. Wu, Min Gao, Hongwei TI An essential role for Stat3 in regulating IgG immune complex-induced pulmonary inflammation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE signal transducer and activator of transcription; ALI ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; FC-GAMMA RECEPTORS; MONOCYTIC CELLS; IN-VIVO; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; OVEREXPRESSION; HOMEOSTASIS; EPITHELIUM AB Growing evidence suggests that transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 may play an important regulatory role during inflammation. However, the function of Stat3 in acute lung injury (ALI) is largely unknown. In the current study, by using an adenoviral vector expressing a dominant-negative Stat3 isoform (Ad-Stat3-EVA), we determined the role of Stat3 in IgG immune complex (IC)-induced inflammatory responses and injury in the lung from C57BL/6J mice. We show that IgG IC-induced DNA binding activity of Stat3 in the lung was significantly inhibited by Stat3-EVA. We demonstrate that both lung vascular permeability (albumin leak) and lung myeloperoxidase accumulation in the Ad-Stat-EVA treated mice were substantially reduced when compared with values in mice receiving control virus (Ad-GFP) during the injury. Furthermore, intratracheal administration of Ad-Stat3-EVA caused significant decreases in the contents of neutrophils, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-6), chemokines [ keratinocyte cell-derived chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta], and complement component C5a in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Using Stat3-specific small interfering RNA, we show that knocking down Stat3 expression in alveolar macrophages (MH-S cells) significantly reduced the production of proinflammatory mediators on IgG IC stimulation. These data suggest that Stat3 plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of IgG IC-induced ALI by mediating the acute inflammatory responses in the lung and alveolar macrophages.-Tang, H., Yan, C., Cao, J., Sarma, J. V., Haura, E. B., Wu, M., Gao, H. An essential role for Stat3 in regulating IgG immune complex-induced pulmonary inflammation. FASEB J. 25, 4292-4300 (2011). www.fasebj.org C1 [Tang, Huifang; Yan, Chunguang; Gao, Hongwei] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp,Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperf, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Tang, Huifang] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, State Food & Drug Adm China, Zhejiang Resp Drugs Res Lab, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Cao, Jay] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Sarma, J. Vidya] Univ Michigan, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Haura, Eric B.] Univ S Florida, Coll Med, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Yan, Chunguang; Wu, Min] Univ N Dakota, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Gao, HW (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp,Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperf, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM hgao@zeus.bwh.harvard.edu FU U.S. National Institutes of Health [5R01-HL-092905-04, 3R01-HL-092905-02S1]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS) [CRIS 5450-51000-046-00D] FX The authors thank Dr. Peter A. Ward (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and Dr. Richard C. Schwartz (Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA) for constant encouragement and advice. The authors also thank Dr. Wei Zhang for preparing the adenovirus. This research was supported by U.S. National Institutes of Health grants 5R01-HL-092905-04 and 3R01-HL-092905-02S1 (to H.G.) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS) program, CRIS 5450-51000-046-00D (to J.C.). The authors declare no competing financial interests. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 25 IS 12 BP 4292 EP 4300 DI 10.1096/fj.11-187955 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 863BP UT WOS:000298138100021 PM 21859893 ER PT J AU Martins, ML Xu, DH Shoemaker, CA Klesius, PH AF Martins, M. L. Xu, D. H. Shoemaker, C. A. Klesius, P. H. TI Temperature effects on immune response and hematological parameters of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus vaccinated with live theronts of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Channel catfish; Ichthyophthirius; Temperature; Immunology; Hematology ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; LEUKOCYTE POPULATIONS; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; MEDIATED PROCESSES; TELEOST IMMUNITY; ANTIBODY-TITERS; NILE TILAPIA; IMMUNIZATION; FISH AB This study evaluated the influence of temperature on the immune responses and hematological parameters in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus immunized via intraperitoneal injection with live theronts of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Fish were distributed in 18 aquaria and received 9 treatments: 4 groups of fish were vaccinated with live theronts and maintained at constant temperature 15 degrees C, 20 degrees C, 25 degrees C and 30 degrees C: 3 groups of fish vaccinated and subjected to cycling temperature regime from 15-25 degrees C, 20-25 degrees C and 20-30 degrees C, changed 5 degrees C each day; 2 groups of fish were not vaccinated and served as controls at 25 degrees C, one with Ich challenge and the other without challenge. Non vaccinated fish and those vaccinated at 15 degrees C or 15-25 degrees C did not show anti-Ich antibodies in the serum 14 and 21 days post-immunization. The antibody levels were significantly higher from fish vaccinated at 25 degrees C, 30 degrees C, 20-25 degrees C and 20-30 degrees C compared to fish at 15 degrees C, 20 degrees C and 15-25 degrees C both 14 and 21 days post-immunization. At constant water temperature, fish vaccinated at 15 degrees C showed significantly higher mortality rate (67.8%, P < 0.05) than those vaccinated at 20 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and 30 degrees C (0-10.7% mortalities). At cycling water temperature, fish vaccinated at 15-25 degrees C showed significantly higher mortality rate (67.8%) than those vaccinated at 20-25 degrees C and 20-30 degrees C (P < 0.05). Twenty days after immunization fish vaccinated at 30 degrees C and 20-30 degrees C showed significant increase in the red blood cells, white blood cells, thrombocytes and monocytes. Six days after challenge with I. mutifiliis theronts the fish showed decreased white blood cells, thrombocytes and monocytes. This study suggests that vaccinated catfish were severely impacted by low temperature, either at 15 degrees C constant temperature or at 15-25 degrees C cycling temperature. The fish showed no anti-Ich antibodies and suffered high mortality similar to non vaccinated control fish. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Martins, M. L.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Aquaculture, AQUOS Aquat Organisms Hlth Lab, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Xu, D. H.; Shoemaker, C. A.; Klesius, P. H.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Martins, ML (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Aquaculture, AQUOS Aquat Organisms Hlth Lab, Rod Admar Gonzaga 1346, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. EM mlaterca@cca.ufsc.br FU CNPq [201485/2009-5]; USDA-ARS CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D] FX The authors thank Jana Mladek, Paige Mumma and Alberta Pink for technical support and CNPq (no. 201485/2009-5) for financial support to M.L. Martins. We also thank Drs. Julio C. Garcia (ARS-USDA-Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, Auburn, AL, USA) and Thomas Welker (Hagerman Fish Culture Station, Hagerman, ID, USA) for critical review prior to submission. This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS NO. 6420-32000-024-00D. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 31 IS 6 BP 774 EP 780 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.07.015 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 869BC UT WOS:000298569700006 PM 21791246 ER PT J AU Mu, XJ Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH AF Mu, Xingjiang Pridgeon, Julia W. Klesius, Phillip H. TI Transcriptional profiles of multiple genes in the anterior kidney of channel catfish vaccinated with an attenuated Aeromonas hydrophila SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ictalurus punctatus; Suppression subtractive hybridization; Upregulation; Aeromonas hydrophila; Vaccination ID INDIAN MAJOR CARPS; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; INNATE IMMUNITY; RAINBOW-TROUT; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; WIDE-RANGE AB A total of 22 uniquely expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were identified from channel catfish anterior kidney subtractive cDNA library at 12 h post vaccination with an attenuated Aeromonas hydrophila (AL09-71 N+R). Of the 22 ESTs, six were confirmed to be significantly (P < 0.05) induced by the vaccination. Of 88 channel catfish genes selected from literature, 14 were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated by the vaccination. The transcriptional levels of the total 20 genes induced by the vaccination were then compared to that induced by the virulent parent A. hydrophila (AL09-71) at different time points. At 3 h post vaccination (hpv) or infection (hpi), Na(+)/K(+) ATPase a subunit was upregulated the most. At 6 and 12 hpv or hpi, hepcidin and interleukin-1 beta were induced the highest. At 24 hpv or hpi, hepcidin was upregulated the most, followed by lysozyme c. At 48 hpi, lysozyme c and hepcidin were significantly induced. When vaccinated fish were challenged by AL09-71, relative percent of survival of vaccinated fish were 100% at 14 days post vaccination (dpv). Transcriptional levels of toll-like receptor 5 and hepcidin were significantly upregulated in vaccinated fish at 14 dpv. Taken together, our results suggest that vaccination with attenuated A. hydrophila mimics infection by live bacteria, inducing multiple immune genes in channel catfish. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mu, Xingjiang; Pridgeon, Julia W.; Klesius, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Julia.Pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D]; China Scholarship Council FX We thank Drs. Hung-Yueh Yeh (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Brian Scheffler and Fanny Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for their excellent sequencing work. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. We also thank the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for daily care and management of the fish. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. Xingjiang Mu, a graduate student at Auburn University Department of Fisheries, was supported by the China Scholarship Council. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 57 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1162 EP 1172 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.10.011 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 869BC UT WOS:000298569700055 PM 22019831 ER PT J AU Yeh, HY Klesius, PH AF Yeh, Hung-Yueh Klesius, Phillip H. TI Over-expression, purification and immune responses to Aeromonas hydrophila AL09-73 flagellar proteins SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flagella; Channel catfish; Ictalurus punctatus; Aeromonas hydrophila ID III SECRETION SYSTEM; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; BACTERIAL FLAGELLA; INFECTIOUS AGENTS; LATERAL FLAGELLA; BASAL BODY; O-ANTIGEN; IN-VITRO; SALMONELLA; GENOME AB Aeromonas hydrophila is ubiquitous in aquatic environments worldwide and causes many diseases in fish as well as human. Recent outbreaks of aeromonad diseases in channel catfish prompted us to investigate catfish immune responses during infection of A. hydrophila. In this communication, we report to amplify, over-express, purify and characterize 19 A. hydrophila flagellar proteins. All recombinant proteins were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing of expression plasmids. SDS-PAGE analysis and His tag Western blot of induced proteins. Our preliminary result also showed that the purified recombinant FlgK protein reacted strongly to sera from experimentally infected catfish, suggesting that this protein has potential for a novel target for vaccine development. It is also anticipated that these recombinant proteins will provide us with very useful tools to investigate host immune response to this microorganism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yeh, Hung-Yueh; Klesius, Phillip H.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Yeh, HY (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM hungyueh.yeh@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D] FX This study was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS project no. 6420-32000-024-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this paper is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 58 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1278 EP 1283 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.09.016 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 869BC UT WOS:000298569700072 PM 21963857 ER PT J AU Swanston, C Burton, A AF Swanston, Chris Burton, Andrew TI Carbon in Northern Forests SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Swanston, Chris] US Forest Serv, No Inst Appl Climate Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Swanston, Chris] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Burton, Andrew] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Swanston, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Inst Appl Climate Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM cswanston@fs.fed.us; ajburton@mtu.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 SI SI BP 449 EP 450 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868GQ UT WOS:000298512100001 ER PT J AU Ross, DS Bailey, SW Lawrence, GB Shanley, JB Fredriksen, G Jamison, AE Brousseau, PA AF Ross, Donald S. Bailey, Scott W. Lawrence, Gregory B. Shanley, James B. Fredriksen, Guinevere Jamison, Austin E. Brousseau, Patricia A. TI Near-Surface Soil Carbon, Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio, and Tree Species Are Tightly Linked across Northeastern United States Watersheds SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon sequestration; carbon pools; Oa horizon; nitrogen ID LEAF-LITTER DECOMPOSITION; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; ORGANIC-MATTER; N-MINERALIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NITROGEN; DYNAMICS; CHEMISTRY; NITRIFICATION AB Forest soils hold large stores of carbon, with the highest concentrations in the surface horizons. In these horizons, both the total C mass and the C/N ratio may respond more rapidly to changes in tree species than lower horizons. We measured C and C/N ratios in the Oa or A horizon from 12 watersheds at 8 established forested research sites in the northeastern United States. The dominant tree species included Acer saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis, Fagus grandifolia, Picea ruhens, and Tsuga canadensis. In 710 plots, both soil C (50-530 g kg(-1)) and the C/N ratio (11.6-45.3) had a wide range. In all but the Cone Pond watershed, both N concentration and the C/N ratio were strongly related to C content. For these 11 watersheds, the average C/N ratio = 9.5 + 0.030 x C g kg(-1) (R(2) = 0.97, P < 0.001). Ratios at Cone Pond were much higher than would be predicted from this equation and charcoal was found in numerous samples, suggesting a source of recalcitrant C. Averaged by watershed, C concentration was also significantly related to C pools. The carbon concentration of the horizons sampled was negatively related to A. saccharum + B. alleghaniensis dominance and positively related to conifer + F. grandifolia dominance. The strong relationships between C, C/N ratio, and species suggest predictable patterns in C accumulation in near-surface soils. FOR. So. 57(6):460-469. C1 [Ross, Donald S.] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. [Bailey, Scott W.] US Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV USA. [Fredriksen, Guinevere] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Ross, DS (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Hills Bldg, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. EM dross@uvm.edu; swbailey@fs.fed.us; glawrenc@usgs.gov; jshanley@usgs.gov; gf44@cornell.edu; ajamison@cheswildlife.org; patrb87@vt.edu OI Bailey, Scott/0000-0002-9160-156X FU Northern States Research Cooperative fund [02CA11242343110]; US Department of Agriculture [VT-PS-00912] FX This work was supported by the Northern States Research Cooperative (US Award 02CA11242343110) and US Department of Agriculture Hatch funds (VT-PS-00912). Statistical consultation was provided by Alan Howard, IT Specialist, University of Vermont (UVM) Statistical Software Support and Consulting Services. Numerous undergraduate students assisted with the field and laboratory efforts, including Jerome Barner, Abby Boak, Graham Burkhart, Zachary Ewell, Shea Hagy, Rachel Hanish, Joe Ibrahim, Natalia Fajardo, Audrey Leduc, Adrienne Moretti, Isaac Paul, Lilah Ross, Chris Savastio, Stacy Thompson, Will Wheeler, Jason Wiener, and Kristin Williams. Sheila Tymon, an environmental science teacher at Peoples Academy in Morrisville, VT, assisted during one field season at Ranch Brook. Her support was provided by the UVM HELIX program summer of Science. Cooperators at the research sites included Beverley Wemple of UVM at Ranch Brook; Nancy Burt, Kathy Donna, and Hal Bell of the US Forest Service at Lye; Ralph Perron of the US Forest Service at Cone Pond; Jon Denner of the US Geological Survey (USGS) at Sleepers and Brush Brook; and Tom Suleski of the USGS at Buck Creek and Lye. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 16 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 SI SI BP 460 EP 469 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868GQ UT WOS:000298512100003 ER PT J AU Bradford, JB AF Bradford, John B. TI Potential Influence of Forest Management on Regional Carbon Stocks: An Assessment of Alternative Scenarios in the Northern Lake States, USA SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon cycling; timber harvesting; net ecosystem carbon balance; carbon sequestration; climate change ID UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOSYSTEM CARBON; NUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION; TEMPERATE FORESTS; PINE FORESTS; LAND-USE; STORAGE; SEQUESTRATION; BIOMASS AB Forest management affects stand age. In consideration of the strong link between stand age and carbon cycling, altering harvesting regimes can influence regional carbon stocks and sequestration. Recent research has quantified ecosystem carbon stocks across stand age in upland conifer and aspen birch forests of the northern Lake States. This study applied those relationships to assess how forest management could influence carbon stocks in these two forest types. US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data were used to estimate current regional age structure and management intensity and state Gap Analysis Program data were used to assess forest type abundance. Across the region, current carbon stocks in aspen birch and upland conifer forests are estimated to be 590 and 367 Tg C, respectively. Ceasing timber harvesting over the next century would increase the prevalence of older stands and increase ecosystem carbon stocks by 54% (31% in 50 years) and 30% (19% in 50 years) in aspen birch and upland conifer forests, respectively. Harvesting aspen birch stands would change ecosystem carbon stocks by +4% or -13% under annual harvesting of 1 or 2%, respectively. Harvesting upland conifer stands at a rate of 1 or 2% every year would decrease ecosystem carbon by 3 and 18%, respectively. Carbon from harvested material partly compensates for differences in total carbon stocks between no-harvest and harvest scenarios, suggesting a net positive carbon sequestration in all scenarios within 100 years. These results provide insight into the potential maximum impact of forest management on carbon stocks and sequestration in these two forest types. FOR. SCI. 57(6):479-488. C1 [Bradford, John B.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Bradford, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, SW Biol Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jbradford@usgs.gov RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU US Forest Service Center for Research on Ecosystem Change; Chippewa National Forest; NASA [CARBON/04-0225-0191, CARBON/04-0120-0011] FX I am very grateful to Linda Heath, Anthony D' Amato, and Shawn Fraver for insightful comments on an early version of this manuscript, to Doug Kastendick for fieldwork establishing and measuring the chronosequence sites, and to Samantha Mann for GIS analysis. This research was supported by funding from the US Forest Service Center for Research on Ecosystem Change, the Chippewa National Forest, and NASA Carbon Cycle Science research grants CARBON/04-0225-0191 and CARBON/04-0120-0011. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 21 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 SI SI BP 479 EP 488 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868GQ UT WOS:000298512100005 ER PT J AU Zheng, DL Heath, LS Ducey, MJ Smith, JE AF Zheng, Daolan Heath, Linda S. Ducey, Mark J. Smith, James E. TI Effects of Land Use/Cover Change and Harvests on Forest Carbon Dynamics in Northern States of the United States from Remote Sensing and Inventory Data: 1992-2001 SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE carbon density; carbon sequestration; forest change statuses; integrated effect ID THEMATIC ACCURACY; COVER DATA; IMAGERY; CLASSIFICATION; POOLS AB We examined spatial patterns of changes in forest area and nonsoil carbon (C) dynamics affected by land use/cover change (LUC) and harvests in 24 northern states of the United States using an integrated methodology combining remote sensing and ground inventory data between 1992 and 2001. We used the Retrofit Change Product from the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium to quantify LUC. We then calculated C dynamics using C densities for major forest types based on US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data by forest, area for different statuses (i.e., afforestation, deforestation, and forest remaining forest) and incorporated county-level harvest data. Across the region, 16,740 km(2) of forestland changed to nonforest, whereas 9,120 km(2) of nonforest became forestland, a net loss of 7,620 km(2) of forestland during the period or 0.13%/year. The region as a whole functioned as a C sink of 627 Tg (1 teragram = 10(12) g) or 70 Tg of C/year. Regional C sequestration calculated using forest type identification at the state level was 5% higher than that from the county-level identification. Integrated annual effects of LUC and harvest on reducing C stocks at the state level varied substantially, ranging from 0.4% in North Dakota to 5.1% in Delaware with an average of 3.2% across the region (3.4% in the 13 northeastern states and 2.6% in the 11 northcentral states), compared with what it would be without these effects. We also found that within the region the annual LUC rate was significantly correlated with population density at the state level (P < 0.001). FOR. SCI. 57(6):525-534. C1 [Zheng, Daolan; Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Heath, Linda S.; Smith, James E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Zheng, DL (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, 215 James Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM daolan.zheng@unh.edu; lheath@fs.fed.us; mjducey@unh.edu; jsmith11@fs.fed.us RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 FU US Forest Service [05-DG-11242343-074]; University of New Hampshire [110165]; US Forest Service Northern Research Station Work Unit NRS-5 [110165]; National Science Foundation FX Funding support for this study was primarily provided by the US Forest Service, through Grant 05-DG-11242343-074 and partly by a Research Joint Venture Agreement (Grant 110165) between the University of New Hampshire and US Forest Service Northern Research Station Work Unit NRS-5. Additional support was provided by a grant from the National Science Foundation, "Collaborative Research: The Northeastern Carbon Sink: Enhanced Growth, Regrowth, or Both?" to M.J.D. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 57 IS 6 SI SI BP 525 EP 534 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 868GQ UT WOS:000298512100009 ER PT J AU Brummer, EC Barber, WT Collier, SM Cox, TS Johnson, R Murray, SC Olsen, RT Pratt, RC Thro, AM AF Brummer, E. Charles Barber, Wesley T. Collier, Sarah M. Cox, Thomas S. Johnson, Randy Murray, Seth C. Olsen, Richard T. Pratt, Richard C. Thro, Ann Marie TI Plant breeding for harmony between agriculture and the environment SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID CROPPING SYSTEMS; USE EFFICIENCY; UNITED-STATES; PRODUCTIVITY; WHEAT; FOOD; IMPROVEMENT; CHALLENGE; GENOMICS; FUTURE AB Plant breeding programs primarily focus on improving a crop's environmental adaptability and biotic stress tolerance in order to increase yield. Crop improvements made since the 1950s - coupled with inexpensive agronomic inputs, such as fertilizers, pesticides, and water - have allowed agricultural production to keep pace with human population growth. Plant breeders, particularly those at public institutions, have an interest in reducing agriculture's negative impacts and improving the natural environment to provide or maintain ecosystem services (eg clean soil, water, and air; carbon sequestration), and in creating new agricultural paradigms (eg perennial polycultures). Here, we discuss recent developments in, as well as the goals of, plant breeding, and explain how these may be connected to the specific interests of ecologists and naturalists. Plant breeding can be a powerful tool to bring "harmony" between agriculture and the environment, but partnerships between plant breeders, ecologists, urban planners, and policy makers are needed to make this a reality. C1 [Brummer, E. Charles] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK USA. [Barber, Wesley T.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Collier, Sarah M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. [Cox, Thomas S.] Land Inst, Salina, KS USA. [Johnson, Randy] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Murray, Seth C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Olsen, Richard T.] ARS, US Natl Arboretum, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Pratt, Richard C.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Thro, Ann Marie] Natl Inst Food & Agr, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Brummer, EC (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK USA. EM sethmurray@tamu.edu OI Collier, Sarah/0000-0002-8834-5075 NR 43 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 45 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 10 BP 561 EP 568 DI 10.1890/100225 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 858TB UT WOS:000297824500019 ER PT J AU Spies, CFJ Mazzola, M Botha, WJ Langenhoven, SD Mostert, L Mcleod, A AF Spies, Christoffel F. J. Mazzola, Mark Botha, Wilhelm J. Langenhoven, Shaun D. Mostert, Lizel Mcleod, Adele TI Molecular analyses of Pythium irregulare isolates from grapevines in South Africa suggest a single variable species SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cox1; cox2; ITS; Oomycete; Pythium cryptoirregulare; Pythium cylindrosporum; Pythium irregulare; Pythium regulare; Species complex; beta-tubulin; Taxonomy ID CYTOCHROME-OXIDASE-II; PHYTOPHTHORA-SOJAE; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; GENETIC-VARIATION; GENUS PYTHIUM; POPULATION-GENETICS; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SP-NOV.; MARKERS; POLYMORPHISMS AB The Pythium irregulare species complex is the most common and widespread Pythium spp. associated with grapevines in South Africa. This species complex has been subdivided into several morphological and phylogenetic species that are all highly similar at the sequence level [internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cytochrome c oxidase (cox) regions]. The complex includes Pythium regulare and Pythium cylindrosporum, which are morphologically distinct, and P. irregulare sensu stricto (s.s.) and Pythium cryptoirregulare, which are morphologically similar. The aim of the current study was to determine whether 50 South African grapevine P. irregulare isolates represented more than one phylogenetically distinct species. The isolates were characterised using nuclear (ITS and beta-tubulin) and mitochondrial (cox1 and cox2) gene region phylogenies and two isozyme loci [glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh-1)]. Some of the gene sequence data were difficult to interpret phylogenetically, since some isolates contained two or more polymorphic ITS copies within the same isolate (intra-isolate variation) that clustered into different ITS sub-clades, i.e. the P. irregulare s.s. and P. cryptoirregulare sub-clades. The molecular data furthermore only revealed the presence of one phylogenetic species, P. irregulare. Morphological analyses of a subset of the isolates confirmed that the isolates were P. irregulare, and further showed that the P. cylindrosporum ex-type strain formed typical P. irregulare oogonia, and not the previously reported distinct elongated oogonia. Some of the molecular analyses suggested the occurrence of outcrossing events and possibly the formation of aneuploids or polyploids since (i) the nuclear and mitochondrial gene data sets were incongruent, (ii) polymorphic ITS copies were present within the same isolate, (iii) heterozygosities were observed in the beta-tubulin gene and Gpi and Mdh-1 loci in some isolates and (iv) more than two beta-tubulin alleles were detected in some isolates. Altogether, the data suggest that P. irregulare, P. cryptoirregulare, P. cylindrosporum, and possibly P. regulare should be synonimised under the name P. irregulare. (C) 2011 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Spies, Christoffel F. J.; Langenhoven, Shaun D.; Mostert, Lizel; Mcleod, Adele] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Plant Pathol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Mazzola, Mark] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Botha, Wilhelm J.] ARC PPRI, ZA-0121 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Mcleod, A (reprint author), Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Plant Pathol, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. EM chris.spies@agr.gc.ca; Mark.Mazzola@ars.usda.gov; BothaW@arc.agric.za; shaunl@sun.ac.za; lmost@sun.ac.za; adelem@sun.ac.za RI McLeod, Adele/D-4025-2012 OI McLeod, Adele/0000-0002-1807-9154 FU National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa; Deciduous Fruit Producer's Trust (DFPT); Technology and Human Resources for Industry Programme (THRIP); Winetech FX We would like to extend our utmost gratitude to Prof. Michael D. Coffey (University of California, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology) for his aid in procuring some of the references isolates and the following institutes for financial support: the Thuthuka program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa, the Deciduous Fruit Producer's Trust (DFPT), the Technology and Human Resources for Industry Programme (THRIP), and Winetech. NR 71 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 115 IS 12 BP 1210 EP 1224 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2011.08.006 PG 15 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 873PF UT WOS:000298894600002 PM 22115440 ER PT J AU Zhai, JX Jeong, DH De Paoli, E Park, S Rosen, BD Li, YP Gonzalez, AJ Yan, Z Kitto, SL Grusak, MA Jackson, SA Stacey, G Cook, DR Green, PJ Sherrier, DJ Meyers, BC AF Zhai, Jixian Jeong, Dong-Hoon De Paoli, Emanuele Park, Sunhee Rosen, Benjamin D. Li, Yupeng Gonzalez, Alvaro J. Yan, Zhe Kitto, Sherry L. Grusak, Michael A. Jackson, Scott A. Stacey, Gary Cook, Douglas R. Green, Pamela J. Sherrier, D. Janine Meyers, Blake C. TI MicroRNAs as master regulators of the plant NB-LRR defense gene family via the production of phased, trans-acting siRNAs SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE microRNA; tasiRNA; NB-LRR; symbiosis; Medicago ID DISEASE RESISTANCE GENES; SMALL RNAS; GENOME SEQUENCE; ARABIDOPSIS; BIOGENESIS; REVEALS; PATHWAY; EXPRESSION; SGS3; FUNCTIONALITY AB Legumes and many nonleguminous plants enter symbiotic interactions with microbes, and it is poorly understood how host plants respond to promote beneficial, symbiotic microbial interactions while suppressing those that are deleterious or pathogenic. Trans-acting siRNAs (tasiRNAs) negatively regulate target transcripts and are characterized by siRNAs spaced in 21-nucleotide (nt) "phased'' intervals, a pattern formed by DICER-LIKE 4 (DCL4) processing. A search for phased siRNAs (phasiRNAs) found at least 114 Medicago loci, the majority of which were defense-related NB-LRR-encoding genes. We identified three highly abundant 22-nt microRNA (miRNA) families that target conserved domains in these NB-LRRs and trigger the production of trans-acting siRNAs. High levels of small RNAs were matched to >60% of all similar to 540 encoded Medicago NB-LRRs; in the potato, a model for mycorrhizal interactions, phasiRNAs were also produced from NB-LRRs. DCL2 and SGS3 transcripts were also cleaved by these 22-nt miRNAs, generating phasiRNAs, suggesting synchronization between silencing and pathogen defense pathways. In addition, a new example of apparent "two-hit'' phasiRNA processing was identified. Our data reveal complex tasiRNA-based regulation of NB-LRRs that potentially evolved to facilitate symbiotic interactions and demonstrate miRNAs as master regulators of a large gene family via the targeting of highly conserved, protein-coding motifs, a new paradigm for miRNA function. C1 [Zhai, Jixian; Jeong, Dong-Hoon; De Paoli, Emanuele; Park, Sunhee; Kitto, Sherry L.; Green, Pamela J.; Sherrier, D. Janine; Meyers, Blake C.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [Zhai, Jixian; Jeong, Dong-Hoon; De Paoli, Emanuele; Park, Sunhee; Gonzalez, Alvaro J.; Green, Pamela J.; Sherrier, D. Janine; Meyers, Blake C.] Univ Delaware, Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Newark, DE 19711 USA. [Rosen, Benjamin D.; Cook, Douglas R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Li, Yupeng; Jackson, Scott A.] Univ Georgia, Inst Plant Breeding Genet & Gen, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Yan, Zhe; Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Dept Plant Microbiol & Pathol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Meyers, BC (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. EM meyers@dbi.udel.edu RI Li, Yupeng/A-7718-2012; Meyers, Blake/B-6535-2012; Sherrier, Darla/D-6624-2017 OI Li, Yupeng/0000-0003-0843-7592; Meyers, Blake/0000-0003-3436-6097; Sherrier, Darla/0000-0002-4699-6670 FU USDA [2006-03567]; NSF [0638525, 0701745, 0605251, IOS-1025752]; USDA-ARS [58-6250-0-008] FX We thank the M. truncatula genome consortium (N. Young and colleagues), S. Knapp, and M. Harrison for plant materials, and M. Nakano for informatics. This work was supported primarily by USDA award 2006-03567 (to D.J.S., B.C.M., and P.J.G.), plus NSF award 0638525 (to B.C.M. and P.J.G.), NSF award 0701745 (to B.C.M.), NSF award 0605251 (to D.R.C.), NSF award IOS-1025752 (to G.S.), and funds from USDA-ARS under agreement number 58-6250-0-008 (to M.A.G.). NR 57 TC 223 Z9 431 U1 8 U2 69 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 23 BP 2540 EP 2553 DI 10.1101/gad.177527.111 PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 865WS UT WOS:000298342200011 PM 22156213 ER PT J AU Lee, SI Park, KC Song, YS Son, JH Kwon, SJ Na, JK Kim, JH Kim, NS AF Lee, Sung-Il Park, Kyong-Cheul Song, Ye-Su Son, Jae-Han Kwon, Soon-Jae Na, Jong-Kuk Kim, Jong-Hwa Kim, Nam-Soo TI Development of expressed sequence tag derived-simple sequence repeats in the genus Lilium SO GENES & GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE lily; EST-SSR; Polymorphism content information; Cross-species SSR amplification ID TRANSCRIBED SPACER REGION; NUCLEAR RIBOSOMAL DNA; SSR MARKERS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MICROSATELLITES; LILIACEAE; L.; POLYMORPHISM; LOCI AB Although lily is the second largest flower crop in cutting flower commodity, only six simple sequence repeats SSRs have been reported. Thus, we developed expressed sequence tag derived-SSRs (EST-SSRs) for the Lilium genus. Among 2,235 unique ESTs, 754 ESTs contained SSR motifs, among which 165 ESTs were amenable to primer design. Among these 165 EST-SSRs, 131 EST-SSRs showed amplification in at least one Lilium species, and 76 EST-SSRs showed amplification in at least nine species. Of the 76 EST-SSRs, 47 showed amplification in all Lilium species analyzed. Using 10 breeding lines, we selected 21 EST-SSRs that had the highest number of alleles and polymorphism information content. The polymorphism information content values of these selected EST-SSRs ranged from 0.49 to 0.94 with an average of 0.76, which are higher than other plant species. The phylogenetic dendrogram derived from the amplification profiles of the 21 high polymorphic EST-SSRs was congruent with the genetic background of the 84 selected lily accessions and hybrids, which are available in commerce. Thus, the developed EST-SSRs will be very useful in germplasm management, genetic diversity analysis, cultivar finger printing, and molecular breeding in the lily. C1 [Lee, Sung-Il; Son, Jae-Han; Kim, Nam-Soo] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, Training Team BK21, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. [Park, Kyong-Cheul; Kim, Nam-Soo] Kangwon Natl Univ, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. [Song, Ye-Su] Kangwon Natl Univ, Oriental Bioherb Res Inst, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. [Kwon, Soon-Jae] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Na, Jong-Kuk] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Biocrop Dev Div, Dept Agr Bioresources, RDA, Suwon 441701, South Korea. [Kim, Jong-Hwa] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Hort, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. RP Kim, NS (reprint author), Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Mol Biosci, Training Team BK21, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. EM jonghwa@kangwon.ac.kr; kimnamsu@kangwon.ac.kr FU Rural Development of Korea [PJ006342]; BK21 Human resources Training Team of the Basic Research for Bio-HighTech Industry from MEST, Korea FX This research was carried out with a grant from Rural Development of Korea (grant No. PJ006342). The SIL and JHS were recipients of fellowship from BK21 Human resources Training Team of the Basic Research for Bio-HighTech Industry from MEST, Korea. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1976-9571 J9 GENES GENOM JI Genes Genom. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 33 IS 6 BP 727 EP 733 DI 10.1007/s13258-011-0203-1 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 870FR UT WOS:000298655100017 ER PT J AU Gu, XY Foley, ME Horvath, DP Anderson, JV Feng, JH Zhang, LH Mowry, CR Ye, H Suttle, JC Kadowaki, K Chen, ZX AF Gu, Xing-You Foley, Michael E. Horvath, David P. Anderson, James V. Feng, Jiuhuan Zhang, Lihua Mowry, Chase R. Ye, Heng Suttle, Jeffrey C. Kadowaki, Koh-ichi Chen, Zongxiang TI Association Between Seed Dormancy and Pericarp Color Is Controlled by a Pleiotropic Gene That Regulates Abscisic Acid and Flavonoid Synthesis in Weedy Red Rice SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; WHEAT; RC; DOMESTICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS; POPULATION; COMPONENTS; LONGEVITY AB Seed dormancy has been associated with red grain color in cereal crops for a century. The association was linked to qSD7-1/qPC7, a cluster of quantitative trait loci for seed dormancy/pericarp color in weedy red rice. This research delimited qSD7-1/qPC7 to the Os07g11020 or Rc locus encoding a basic helix-loop-helix family transcription factor by intragenic recombinants and provided unambiguous evidence that the association arises from pleiotropy. The pleiotropic gene expressed in early developing seeds promoted expression of key genes for biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), resulting in an increase in accumulation of the dormancy-inducing hormone; activated a conserved network of eight genes for flavonoid biosynthesis to produce the pigments in the lower epidermal cells of the pericarp tissue; and enhanced seed weight. Thus, the pleiotropic locus most likely controls the dormancy and pigment traits by regulating ABA and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways, respectively. The dormancy effect could be eliminated by a heat treatment, but could not be completely overcome by gibberellic acid or physical removal of the seed maternal tissues. The dormancy-enhancing alleles differentiated into two groups basically associated with tropical and temperate ecotypes of weedy rice. Of the pleiotropic effects, seed dormancy could contribute most to the weed adaptation. Pleiotropy prevents the use of the dormancy gene to improve resistance of white pericarp cultivars against pre-harvest sprouting through conventional breeding approaches. C1 [Gu, Xing-You; Feng, Jiuhuan; Zhang, Lihua; Mowry, Chase R.; Ye, Heng] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Foley, Michael E.; Horvath, David P.; Anderson, James V.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Suttle, Jeffrey C.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Kadowaki, Koh-ichi] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Chen, Zongxiang] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Agr, Yangzhou 225008, Peoples R China. RP Gu, XY (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, SNP 248D,Box 2140C, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM xingyou.gu@sdstate.edu OI Horvath, David/0000-0002-8458-7691; Anderson, James/0000-0002-1801-5767 FU USDA-National Research Initiative (NRI) [2008-35301-19058, 0200668]; National Science Foundation [0641376]; South Dakota Agricultural Extension Station FX We thank B. Carsrud, Y. Wang, T. Nelson, C. Huckle, L. Kelley, B. Bigger, and L. L. Huckle for technical assistance. Wild rice lines were obtained from the National Small Grain Collection of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service or National Institute of Genetics, Japan. Funding for this research was supported by USDA-National Research Initiative (NRI) grant #2008-35301-19058 and in part by USDA-NRI grant # 0200668, National Science Foundation grant # 0641376, and the South Dakota Agricultural Extension Station. NR 47 TC 37 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 44 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 189 IS 4 BP 1515 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.111.131169 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 866UW UT WOS:000298412100030 PM 21954164 ER PT J AU Belknap, WR Wang, Y Huo, NX Wu, JJ Rockhold, DR Gu, YQ Stover, E AF Belknap, William R. Wang, Yi Huo, Naxin Wu, Jiajie Rockhold, David R. Gu, Yong Q. Stover, Ed TI Characterizing the citrus cultivar Carrizo genome through 454 shotgun sequencing SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Citrus sinensis; Poncirus trifoliata; sequencing; retrotransposon ID GRAPEVINE-VIRUS-A; PONCIRUS-TRIFOLIATA; GENETIC MAPS; PLANT; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; MARKERS; RETROTRANSPOSONS; ANNOTATION; WIDESPREAD AB The citrus cultivar Carrizo is the single most important rootstock to the US citrus industry and has resistance or tolerance to a number of major citrus diseases, including citrus tristeza virus, foot rot, and Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening). A Carrizo genomic sequence database providing approximately 3.5X genome coverage (haploid genome size approximately 367 Mb) was populated through 454 GS FLX shotgun sequencing. Analysis of the repetitive DNA fraction indicated a total interspersed repeat fraction of 36.5%. Assembly and characterization of abundant citrus Ty3/gypsy elements revealed a novel type of element containing open reading frames encoding a viral RNA-silencing suppressor protein (RNA binding protein, rbp) and a plant cytokinin riboside 5'-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase-related protein (LONELY GUY, log). Similar gypsy elements were identified in the Populus trichocarpa genome. Gene-coding region analysis indicated that 24.4% of the nonrepetitive reads contained genic regions. The depth of genome coverage was sufficient to allow accurate assembly of constituent genes, including a putative phloem-expressed gene. The development of the Carrizo database (http://citrus.pw.usda.gov/) will contribute to characterization of agronomically significant loci and provide a publicly available genomic resource to the citrus research community. C1 [Belknap, William R.; Wang, Yi; Huo, Naxin; Wu, Jiajie; Rockhold, David R.; Gu, Yong Q.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Wang, Yi; Huo, Naxin; Wu, Jiajie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stover, Ed] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Belknap, WR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM william.belknap@ars.usda.gov; Yong.Gu@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD DEC PY 2011 VL 54 IS 12 BP 1005 EP 1015 DI 10.1139/G11-070 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 875EA UT WOS:000299012000006 PM 22133378 ER PT J AU Davis, AR Webber, CL Fish, WW Wehner, TC King, S Perkins-Veazie, P AF Davis, Angela R. Webber, Charles L., III Fish, Wayne W. Wehner, Todd C. King, Stephen Perkins-Veazie, Penelope TI L-Citrulline Levels in Watermelon Cultigens Tested in Two Environments SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Citrullus lanatus; phytonutrients; amino acids; genotype by environment; fruit quality ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; VULGARIS WATERMELON; WILD WATERMELON; AMINO-ACIDS; CONSUMPTION; ARGININE AB Producers of fresh fruits and vegetables face increasing production costs and international market competition. Growers who can offer high-quality watermelons [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum. & Nakai] that are also highly nutritious will have better market opportunities. To accomplish that, germplasm must be identified that has enhanced phytonutrient levels. Surprisingly, there is little information on the genetics of nutritional quality in watermelon. The present study was performed on 56 watermelon cultivars, breeding lines, and PI accessions (hereafter collectively referred to as cultigens) to determine the importance of genotype and environmental effects on L-citrulline concentration in fruit, an amino acid that helps regulate blood pressure. Our results demonstrated that L-citrulline concentration was affected by environment and the amount of environmental effect varies among cultigens. The mean of fruit tested in Lane, OK, was 3.10 mg.g(-1) fresh weight and in College Station, TX, it was 1.67 mg.g(-1) fresh weight. All cultigens had a higher mean L-citrulline concentration when grown in Lane, OK, instead of College Station, TX. Additionally, the L-citrulline concentration varied considerably within cultigens; i.e., 'Congo' had a 1.26 to 7.21 mg.g(-1) fresh sample deviation. The cultigen 'AU-Jubilant' had the most stable L-citrulline concentration (2.23 to 4.03 mg.g(-1) fresh deviation) when tested from one location. Environment did not significantly increase within-genotype variation (average SE of 10 cultigens tested at each location was +/- 35.3% for College Station, TX, and +/- 32.9% for Lane, OK). L-citrulline concentration did not correlate with watermelon type (open-pollinated or Fl hybrid) or flesh color (red, orange, salmon yellow, or white). Differences among cultigens for L-citrulline were large (1.09 to 4.52 mg.g(-1) fresh sample). The cultigens with the highest L-citrulline concentration were 'Tom Watson', PI 306364, and 'Jubilee'. These could be used to develop cultivars having a high concentration of L-citrulline. C1 [Davis, Angela R.; Webber, Charles L., III; Fish, Wayne W.] USDA ARS, Wes Watkins Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Wehner, Todd C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [King, Stephen] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] N Carolina State Univ, Plants Human Hlth Inst, Kannapolis, NC 28083 USA. RP Davis, AR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Wes Watkins Agr Res Lab, POB 159, Lane, OK 74555 USA. EM angela.davis@lane-ag.org FU National Watermelon Promotion Board; National Watermelon Association FX This project was partially funded by the National Watermelon Promotion Board and the National Watermelon Association. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1572 EP 1575 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900001 ER PT J AU McCreight, JD Wintermantel, WM AF McCreight, James D. Wintermantel, William M. TI Genetic Resistance in Melon PI 313970 to Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cucumis melo; sweet potato whitefly; Bemisia tabaci ID LEAF-CRUMPLE-VIRUS; 1ST REPORT; CUCUMIS-MELO; PODOSPHAERA-XANTHII; BEMISIA-TABACI; UNITED-STATES; CALIFORNIA; ARIZONA; CROPS; CLOSTEROVIRUSES AB Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a fresh vegetable and dessert fruit that may also be cooked or dried, processed for juice and flavoring, and the seeds of which are a source of high-quality cooking oil and high protein seed meal. Melon production throughout many parts of the world is now threatened by the crinivirus Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) in tropical and subtropical areas favorable to its whitefly vector. CYSDV is transmitted by the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, biotypes A, B, and Q. CYSDV first appeared on melon in the 1980s in the United Arab Emirates and emerged on melon in the Yuma, AZ, and Imperial Valley, CA, regions and western Mexico during the Fall season of 2006 followed by Florida in 2007. PI 313970, C. melo var. acidulus Naudin, a salad-type melon from India, expressed high-level resistance to CYSDV in Yuma and Imperial Valley in Fall 2006, but it was not immune; the virus was detected in asymptomatic plants. Inheritance of resistance to CYSDV in PI 313970 was studied in three naturally infected, replicated field tests in Imperial Valley during the Fall seasons of 2007 and 2008 and the Spring season of 2009. Resistance in PI 313970 was recessive: all F(1) PI 313970 (PI) x susceptible 'Top Mark' (TM) and BC (TM) individuals were susceptible, and the F(2) and BC,., segregated 3:1 and 1:1 susceptible to resistance, respectively. Frequency distributions of CYSDV symptom severity ratings suggested a single recessive gene in PI 313970 for resistance to CYSDV. PI 313970 was, however, observed to be variable for resistance; a few plants in each test expressed distinct symptoms of CYSDV infection and its frequency distributions overlapped those of 'Top Mark'. This variation may represent genetic variation selectable for uniform reaction to infection by CYSDV or phenotypic variation in the resistant reaction. The genetic relationship between the genes for resistance to CYSDV in P1 313970 (recessive) and TGR-1551 (dominant) is not known. C1 [McCreight, James D.; Wintermantel, William M.] ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP McCreight, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Agr Res Stn, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM jim.mccreight@ars.usda.gov FU California Melon Research Board FX Funded in part by a grant from the California Melon Research Board. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1582 EP 1587 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900003 ER PT J AU Scagel, CF Bi, GH Fuchigami, LH Regan, RP AF Scagel, Carolyn F. Bi, Guihong Fuchigami, Leslie H. Regan, Richard P. TI Effects of Irrigation Frequency and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate on Water Stress, Nitrogen Uptake, and Plant Growth of Container-grown Rhododendron SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nitrogen uptake; water use; Rhododendron 'PJM Compact'; Rhododendron 'English Roseum'; Rhododendron 'Gibraltar'; nursery production ID WOODY ORNAMENTALS; DROUGHT STRESS; AZALEA; ROOT; ALLOCATION; TOLERANCE; CULTIVARS; RESPONSES; BALANCE; QUALITY AB The influence of irrigation frequency (same amount of water per day given at different times) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate on water stress [stomatal conductance (gs)], N uptake, and growth (biomass) of container-grown evergreen Rhododendron 'P.J.M. Compact' and 'English Roseum' and deciduous Rhododendron 'Gibraltar' was evaluated. Both N deficiency and high N rate increased water stress. Water stress was greatest in plants fertilized with the highest N rate and gs of plants grown with the higher N rates changed more in response to water deficits resulting from irrigation treatments and seasonal climatic changes. Watering plants more frequently decreased water stress of plants fertilized with higher N rates and altering irrigation frequency had little impact on alleviating water stress of N-deficient plants. Increasing irrigation frequency decreased N uptake efficiency (N uptake per gram N applied), increased N use efficiency (growth per gram N uptake) and altered biomass allocation with little influence on total plant biomass. Response of biomass allocation to N rates was similar among cultivars and response of biomass allocation to irrigation frequency varied among cultivars. Altering irrigation frequency changed either the availability of N in the growing substrate or the ability of roots to absorb N. Our results indicate that transitory increases in plant water stress can alter N uptake, N use, and plant form without detectable changes in total plant biomass. C1 [Scagel, Carolyn F.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Bi, Guihong] Mississippi State Univ, Truck Crops Branch Expt Stn, Crystal Springs, MS 39059 USA. [Fuchigami, Leslie H.; Regan, Richard P.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Scagel, CF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Carolyn.Scagel@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS-Northwest Center for Nursery Crop Research; Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation; American Rhododendron Society FX This work was funded, in part, by the USDA-ARS-Northwest Center for Nursery Crop Research, the Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation, and the American Rhododendron Society. We gratefully acknowledge Jesse Mitchell, Suean Ott, Lisa Tribbet, and Rose Jepson for technical assistance and Monrovia Nursery, Dayton, OR, for plant materials. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1598 EP 1603 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900005 ER PT J AU Locke, JC Altland, JE Bobak, DM AF Locke, James C. Altland, James E. Bobak, Deanna M. TI Seedling Geranium Response to Nitrogen Deprivation and Subsequent Recovery in Hydroponic Culture SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fertilizer; chlorophyll content; nitrogen-deficiency; SPAD; greenhouse ID NITRATE; DEFICIENCY; ABSORPTION; GROWTH; PLANTS AB Nitrogen (N) fertilization recommendations to achieve optimum growth are well established for many floriculture crops. Although it has been shown that plant functions can recover from N deficiency in other crops, little research has investigated the threshold beyond which a bedding plant crop is recoverable. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of N deficiency on geranium chlorophyll content and growth and then to document the degree of recovery and recovery time from N deprivation. This was determined in two experiments by monitoring chlorophyll content and growth of seedlings grown in hydroponic culture in which the N source was removed and then restored after differing lengths of time. Summarizing across both experiments, chlorophyll and foliar N levels were shown to rebound quickly after N deprivation; however, growth was reduced after just 4 days compared with plants fed constantly. Geraniums grown without N for 4 to 12 days resulted in smaller, more compact plants with lower shoot-to-root ratios. Although foliar chlorophyll and N concentration recovered from longer periods in N growth solution, geranium growth was reduced and failed to completely recover for any plant receiving more than 2 days of N-free solution. C1 [Locke, James C.; Bobak, Deanna M.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Greenhouse Prod Res Grp, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Altland, James E.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit,Japanese Beetle Lab 27, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Locke, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Greenhouse Prod Res Grp, 2801 W Bancroft St,Mail Stop 604, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM jim.locke@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1615 EP 1618 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900008 ER PT J AU Tisserat, B Stuff, A AF Tisserat, Brent Stuff, Amy TI Stimulation of Short-term Plant Growth by Glycerol Applied as Foliar Sprays and Drenches under Greenhouse Conditions SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE spearmint; carrot; color alterations; roots; corn; growth stimulation; plant pigments ID SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; TISSUE CULTURES; CALLUS; REGENERATION; METABOLISM; CITRUS; ORANGE; LEAVES AB The effects of aqueous solutions applied as foliar spray and drench applications of glycerol were tested on the 'Chantenay' carrot (Dancus carota L.) family Apiaceae, corn (Zea mays L.) family Poaceae, and spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) family Lamiaceae under greenhouse conditions. Foliar sprays and drenches were administered to carrots at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, or 50 ml.L(-1). Fresh weights, dry weights, and taproot diameter from carrot seedlings sprayed with a solution containing 5 mL.L(-1) (50 mm) glycerol increased 105.6%, 158.4%, and 53.8%, respectively, when compared with untreated carrots. Foliar sprays were administered to corn at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 ml.L(-1) and spearmint at concentrations of 0, 1, 5, and 10 mL.L(-1). Growth responses increased in corn and spearmint by using certain glycerol concentrations. Fresh weights, dry weights, and shoot length from corn seedlings sprayed with a solution containing 0.5 mL.L(-1) (5 mm) glycerol increased 83.5%, 154.6%, and 90.9%, respectively, when compared with untreated corn. Fresh weights, dry weights, and shoot length from mint plants sprayed with a solution containing 5 mL.L(-1) (50 mm) glycerol increased 46.6%, 68.7%, and 102.5%, respectively, when compared with untreated plants. Glycerol applications can stimulate growth responses in diverse plant species. C1 [Tisserat, Brent; Stuff, Amy] USDA ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Tisserat, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM brent.tisserat@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1650 EP 1654 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900014 ER PT J AU Kildisheva, OA Dumroese, RK Davis, AS AF Kildisheva, Olga A. Dumroese, R. Kasten Davis, Anthony S. TI Overcoming Dormancy and Enhancing Germination of Sphaeralcea munroana Seeds SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Munro's globemallow; Malvaceae; germination; imbibition; water gap; gibberellic acid ID SIDA-SPINOSA SEEDS; WATER ENTRY; GLOBEMALLOW; COAT; HISTOCHEMISTRY; MALVACEAE; REGION; ONSET; UTAH AB The results of a series of experiments involving a variety of dormancy-breaking treatments indicate that Munro's globemallow [Sphaeralcea munroana (Douglas) Spach] seeds are physically dormant, possess a cap-like structure in the occlusion of the water gap, which inhibits imbibition, and can be artificially dislodged through boiling water scarification. The highest germination capacity (93%) was achieved by mechanical scarification of previously stored seeds. Exogenous application of a gibberellin solution and cold stratification failed to enhance germination compared with scarification alone, indicating an absence of additional dormancy types. These results should improve the usefulness of this drought-tolerant perennial for landscaping and restoration given its effectiveness in soil stabilization, tolerance to a variety of soil types, extreme temperatures, and ecological importance. C1 [Kildisheva, Olga A.; Davis, Anthony S.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Forest Nursery & Seedling Res, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Davis, AS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Forest Nursery & Seedling Res, POB 441133, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM asdavis@uidaho.edu RI Yanfang, Li/C-2564-2012 FU Idaho Transportation Department; Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project; University of Idaho; University of Idaho Center for Nursery and Seedling Research FX Funding for this research was provided by the Idaho Transportation Department, the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project, the University of Idaho Seed Grant Program, and the University of Idaho Center for Nursery and Seedling Research. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1672 EP 1676 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900018 ER PT J AU TerAvest, D Smith, JL Carpenter-Boggs, L Granatstein, D Hoagland, L Reganold, JP AF TerAvest, Dan Smith, Jeffrey L. Carpenter-Boggs, Lynne Granatstein, David Hoagland, Lori Reganold, John P. TI Soil Carbon Pools, Nitrogen Supply, and Tree Performance under Several Groundcovers and Compost Rates in a Newly Planted Apple Orchard SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE C pools; C mineralization; N supply; organic agriculture; living cover mulch; wood chip mulch; brassica seed meal ID POTENTIALLY MINERALIZABLE NITROGEN; ORGANIC-MATTER; FLOOR MANAGEMENT; FOOD-WEB; FRUIT-QUALITY; SEED MEAL; AGROECOSYSTEMS; EARTHWORMS; INDEXES; FLUXES AB This study evaluated the effects of in-row groundcovers (bare ground, brassica seed meal, cultivation, wood chip mulch, legume cover crop, and non-legume cover crop) and three compost rates (48, 101, and 152 kg available nitrogen (N)/ha/year) on soil carbon (C) pools, biological activity, N supply, fruit yield, and tree growth in a newly planted apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard. We used nonlinear regression analysis of C mineralization curves to differentiate C into active and slow soil C pools. Bare ground and cultivation had large active soil C pools, 1.07 and 0.89 g C/kg soil, respectively, but showed little stabilization of C into the slow soil C pool. The use of brassica seed meal resulted in increased soil N supply, the slow soil C pool, and earthworm activity but not total soil C and N, fruit yield, or tree growth. Legume and non-legume cover crops had increased microbial biomass and the slow soil C pool but had lower fruit yield and tree growth than all other groundcovers regardless of compost rate. Soils under wood chip mulch had elevated earthworm activity, total soil C and N, and the slow soil C pool. Wood chip mulch also had the greatest cumulative C mineralization and a high C:N ratio, which resulted in slight N immobilization. Nevertheless, trees in the two wood chip treatments ranked in the top four of the 13 treatments in both fruit yield and tree growth. Wood chip mulch offered the best balance of tree performance and soil quality of all treatments. C1 [TerAvest, Dan; Reganold, John P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Smith, Jeffrey L.] USDA ARS Land Management & Water Conservat, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Carpenter-Boggs, Lynne; Granatstein, David] Washington State Univ, Ctr Sustaining Agr & Nat Resources, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Hoagland, Lori] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP TerAvest, D (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 201 Johnson Hall,POB 646420, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dteravest@wsu.edu FU Washington State University; Federal Special Grant for Organic Research in Washington State FX This work was conducted with financial support from the Washington State University BioAg Program and the Federal Special Grant for Organic Research in Washington State. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 41 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1687 EP 1694 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900021 ER PT J AU McCollum, TG Hearn, CJ AF McCollum, T. Gregory Hearn, C. Jack TI 'US Early Pride', a Very Low-seeded, Early-maturing Mandarin Hybrid SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID GRAPEFRUIT CULTIVARS; IRRADIATION C1 [McCollum, T. Gregory; Hearn, C. Jack] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP McCollum, TG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM grea.mccollum@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1695 EP 1697 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900022 ER PT J AU Moore, PP Hoashi-Erhardt, W Finn, CE Kempler, C AF Moore, Patrick P. Hoashi-Erhardt, Wendy Finn, Chad E. Kempler, Chaim TI 'Puget Crimson' Strawberry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Moore, Patrick P.; Hoashi-Erhardt, Wendy] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Finn, Chad E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97730 USA. [Kempler, Chaim] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. RP Moore, PP (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, 2606 W Pioneer, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. EM moorepp@wsu.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1698 EP 1700 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900023 ER PT J AU Finn, CE Kempler, C Moore, PP Strik, BC Yorgey, BM Martin, RR Galletta, GJ AF Finn, Chad E. Kempler, Chaim Moore, Patrick P. Strik, Bernadine C. Yorgey, Brian M. Martin, Robert R. Galletta, Gene J. TI 'Sweet Bliss' Strawberry SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Finn, Chad E.; Martin, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Kempler, Chaim] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Food Res Ctr, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. [Moore, Patrick P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Strik, Bernadine C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Yorgey, Brian M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Galletta, Gene J.] USDA ARS, Fruit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Finn, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Chad.Finn@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1701 EP 1705 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 871XL UT WOS:000298770900024 ER PT J AU Bryla, DR AF Bryla, David R. TI Application of the "4R" Nutrient Stewardship Concept to Horticultural Crops: Getting Nutrients in the "Right" Place SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fertilizer management; plant nutrient uptake; nutrient use efficiency; root development; soil nutrient availability ID ROOT-GROWTH; SOIL-TEMPERATURE; USE EFFICIENCY; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; STARTER FERTILIZERS; HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY; POTASSIUM UPTAKE; VEGETABLE CROPS; WATER-USE; YIELD AB Right fertilizer placement is one of the 4Rs of an effective nutrient stewardship system and should be combined with considerations for the right fertilizer source, rate, and timing. Fertilizer placement decisions depend on mobility of applied nutrients in the soil and the depth and distribution of the crop's root system. Various methods are used to apply fertilizers to horticultural crops, including broadcasting, banding, fertigation, foliar application, and microinjection. Generally, the most appropriate method for any crop increases productivity and profitability and improves fertilizer use efficiency but varies depending on the nutrient element, fertilizer source, soil characteristics, cultural practices, stage of crop development, weather conditions, and farming enterprise constraints. Comparisons among application methods are available for many crops and provide useful information for improving fertilizer placement practices, but many practical questions such as how fertilizer source and availability arc affected by irrigation interactions or whether there are ways to manage crop roots for more effective nutrient uptake still remain. C1 ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Bryla, DR (reprint author), ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM david.bryla@ars.usda.gov FU Plant Nutrient Management (PNM) Working Group FX This paper was part of the workshop "Examining the 4R Concept of Nutrient Management: Right Source, Right Rate, Right Time, Right Place" held on 4 Aug. 2010 at the ASHS Conference, Palm Desert, CA, sponsored by the Plant Nutrient Management (PNM) Working Group. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 BP 674 EP 682 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 864XF UT WOS:000298273100004 ER PT J AU Glenn, DM Tworkoski, T Scorza, R Miller, SS AF Glenn, D. M. Tworkoski, T. Scorza, R. Miller, S. S. TI Long-term Effects of Peach Production Systems for Standard and Pillar Growth Types on Yield and Economic Parameters SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fruit; sod management; tall fescue; Festuca arundinaceae; vegetation-free area; tree vigor; irrigation; Prunus persica ID TREE GROWTH; SOD COMPETITION; VOLUME AB The lack of dwarfing rootstocks for peach has led to cultural and genetic approaches that reduce tree size and vegetative growth to establish high-density plantings. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the interactions of pruning strategies, groundcover management, tree densities, and peach (Prunus persica) architecture combined in eight peach production systems on components of yield and economic value. The use of sod management reduced pruning time and costs, but the reduction of crop load reduced net return. High-density plantings in large vegetation-free areas (VFAs) had greater economic return than low-density plantings. C1 [Glenn, D. M.; Tworkoski, T.; Scorza, R.; Miller, S. S.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Glenn, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 BP 720 EP 725 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 864XF UT WOS:000298273100014 ER PT J AU Yang, XB Malik, NSA Perez, JL Liu, TX AF Yang, Xiang-Bing Malik, Nasir S. A. Perez, Jose L. Liu, Tong-Xian TI Impact of potato psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) feeding on free amino acid composition in potato SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bactericera cockerelli; free amino acids; HPLC; potato; stress; Zebra chip ID BACTERICERA-COCKERELLI HOMOPTERA; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L.; ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; PROLINE ACCUMULATION; NUTRITIONAL QUALITY; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; WATER STRESS; PHLOEM SAP; PLANTS; TOMATO AB The impacts of potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli) feeding on potato foliage on the free amino acids (FAAs) composition in potato leaf and tubers were determined under greenhouse conditions. The free amino acids in plant extracts were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography, and in both leaf and tuber samples, at least 17 FAAs were detected. Psyllid feeding significantly changed the levels of several FAAs in both leaf and tuber samples. The concentration of leucine increased 1.5-fold, whereas that of serine and proline increased 2- and 3-fold, respectively. In contrast, the concentrations of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and lyscine were significantly reduced by 42.0%, 52.1% and 27.5%, respectively. There were also significant changes in the levels of FAAs in the Zebra chip (ZC) infected tubers compared with the healthy tubers, and the levels of six of the FAAs increased, and the levels of nine of the FAAs decreased. The results from this study indicate that potato psyllid causes major changes in free amino acid composition of plant tissues, and this change in plant metabolism may contribute to the plant stress as indicated by increased levels of proline in the leaves and hence promoting the development of plant diseases such as ZC disease. C1 [Yang, Xiang-Bing; Liu, Tong-Xian] NW A&F Univ, Key Lab Appl Entomol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Yang, Xiang-Bing; Liu, Tong-Xian] Texas A&M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Vegetable IPM Lab, Weslaco, TX USA. [Malik, Nasir S. A.; Perez, Jose L.] USDA ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Liu, TX (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Key Lab Appl Entomol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM tongxianliu@yahoo.com FU Texas Department of Agriculture; Texas AgriLife Research; China Scholar Council FX We cordially thank Y. M. Zhang and J. Martinez at Vegetable IPM Laboratory, Texas AgriLife Research, and J. Brockington at USDA-ARS in Weslaco for their technical assistances. This study was supported by Texas Department of Agriculture, Texas AgriLife Research, and China Scholar Council. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1672-9609 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 18 IS 6 BP 663 EP 670 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2011.01415.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 854QB UT WOS:000297508200007 ER PT J AU Ibekwe, AM Murinda, SE Graves, AK AF Ibekwe, A. Mark Murinda, Shelton E. Graves, Alexandria K. TI Microbiological Evaluation of Water Quality from Urban Watersheds for Domestic Water Supply Improvement SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE pathogenic Escherichia coli; indicator bacteria; surface water; sediment; contamination; watershed ID PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AQUIFER SAND MATERIAL; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; COASTAL WATER; BACTERIA; GENES; ASSOCIATIONS; DIVERSITY AB Agricultural and urban runoffs may be major sources of pollution of water bodies and major sources of bacteria affecting the quality of drinking water. Of the different pathways by which bacterial pathogens can enter drinking water, this one has received little attention to date; that is, because soils are often considered to be near perfect filters for the transport of bacterial pathogens through the subsoil to groundwater. The goals of this study were to determine the distribution, diversity, and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from low flowing river water and sediment with inputs from different sources before water is discharged into ground water and to compare microbial contamination in water and sediment at different sampling sites. Water and sediment samples were collected from 19 locations throughout the watershed for the isolation of pathogenic E. coli. Heterotrophic plate counts and E. coli were also determined after running tertiary treated water through two tanks containing aquifer sand material. Presumptive pathogenic E. coli isolates were obtained and characterized for virulent factors and antimicrobial resistance. None of the isolates was confirmed as Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC), but as others, such as enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to show the diversity E. coli populations from different sources throughout the watershed. Seventy six percent of the isolates from urban sources exhibited resistance to more than one antimicrobial agent. A subsequent filtration experiment after water has gone through filtration tanks containing aquifer sand material showed that there was a 1 to 2 log reduction in E. coli in aquifer sand tank. Our data showed multiple strains of E. coli without virulence attributes, but with high distribution of resistant phenotypes. Therefore, the occurrence of E. coli with multiple resistances in the environment is a matter of great concern due to possible transfer of resistant genes from nonpathogenic to pathogenic strains that may result in increased duration and severity of morbidity. C1 [Ibekwe, A. Mark] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Murinda, Shelton E.] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Graves, Alexandria K.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Ibekwe, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Mark.Ibekwe@ars.usda.gov; semurinda@csupomona.edu; alexandria_graves@ncsu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture research Service (USDA-ARS) FX This research was supported by the 206 Manure and Byproduct Utilization Project of the United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture research Service (USDA-ARS). Mention of trademark or propriety products in this manuscript does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the property by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 34 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 4460 EP 4476 DI 10.3390/ijerph8124460 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 866TL UT WOS:000298406600004 PM 22408583 ER PT J AU Lee, IM Bottner-Parker, KD Zhao, Y Villalobos, W Moreira, L AF Lee, I. -M. Bottner-Parker, K. D. Zhao, Y. Villalobos, W. Moreira, L. TI 'Candidatus Phytoplasma costaricanum' a novel phytoplasma associated with an emerging disease in soybean (Glycine max) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CLASSIFICATION AB A novel phytoplasma, designated strain SoyST1c1, associated with a newly emerging disease in soybean (Glycine max), known as soybean stunt (SoyST), was found in 2002 in a soybean plantation in Alajuela Province, Costa Rica. The same phytoplasma, or a very closely related strain, also infected sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) with purple vein syndrome (SwPPV) and passion fruit vine (Passiflora edulis) with bud proliferation disease (PasFBP) in the same region. Sequence analysis of cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences (GenBank accession nos FJ226068-FJ226073 and HQ225624-HQ225635) indicated that all three affected plants were infected by phytoplasmas that shared <97.5% sequence similarity with previously described phytoplasmas. The SoyST-causing phytoplasma represents a new taxon, most closely related to phytoplasma group 16Srl and 16SrXII strains. Virtual RFLP analysis indicated that the SoyST-causing phytoplasma and its closely related strains represent a novel 16Sr group, designated 16SrXXXI. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences from the new phytoplasma strains, those previously described as 'Candidatus Phytoplasma spp.' and other distinct, as yet unnamed, phytoplasmas indicated that the SoyST-causing phytoplasma represents a distinct lineage within the aster yellows/stolbur branch on the phylogenetic tree. On the basis of its unique 16S rRNA gene sequence and biological properties, strain SoyST1c1 represents a novel taxon, for which the name 'Candidatus Phytoplasma costaricanum' is proposed with SoyST1c1 as the reference strain. C1 [Lee, I. -M.; Bottner-Parker, K. D.; Zhao, Y.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Villalobos, W.; Moreira, L.] UCR, Ctr Invest Biol Celular & Mol, San Jose 115012060, Costa Rica. [Moreira, L.] UCR, Escuela Agron, San Jose 115012060, Costa Rica. RP Lee, IM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ingming.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 61 BP 2822 EP 2826 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.029041-0 PN 12 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 869UJ UT WOS:000298623400005 PM 21216914 ER PT J AU Zaff, JF Kawashima-Ginsberg, K Lin, ES Lamb, M Balsano, A Lerner, RM AF Zaff, Jonathan F. Kawashima-Ginsberg, Kei Lin, Emily S. Lamb, Michael Balsano, Aida Lerner, Richard M. TI Developmental trajectories of civic engagement across adolescence: Disaggregation of an integrated construct SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Adolescence; Positive youth development; Civic engagement; Religion; Out-of-school time (OST); HLM ID POSITIVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT; LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS; COMMUNITY-SERVICE; YOUNG ADULTHOOD; PARTICIPATION; SCHOOL; RELIGION; ORIENTATIONS; CITIZENSHIP; IDENTITY AB Using longitudinal data from Grades 8 to 11 of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development, a longitudinal study involving U.S. adolescents, we examined the developmental trajectories of multiple components of civic engagement, and the effects of youth development program participation and participation in another major domain of youth engagement (religious activity) on these trajectories. A set of two-level, hierarchical linear models (time-varying measures of civic engagement at level 1 and covariates at level 2) were conducted. Results indicated that the components of civic engagement have different starting points and growth rates during adolescence and that the contextual factors have differing effects dependent on the civic engagement component. By understanding how the components of civic engagement develop during adolescence, and the contextual factors that affect those trajectories, practitioners can gain more nuanced insights into how and when to effectively encourage youth civic engagement. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. C1 [Zaff, Jonathan F.] Amer Promise Alliance, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Kawashima-Ginsberg, Kei; Lin, Emily S.; Lerner, Richard M.] Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Lamb, Michael] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Balsano, Aida] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Zaff, JF (reprint author), Amer Promise Alliance, 1110 Vermont Ave NW,Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM jonz@americaspromise.org NR 70 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1971 J9 J ADOLESCENCE JI J. Adolesc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 34 IS 6 SI SI BP 1207 EP 1220 DI 10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.07.005 PG 14 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 868PP UT WOS:000298535500009 PM 22118512 ER PT J AU Volpe, R AF Volpe, Richard TI Evaluating the Performance of US Supermarkets: Pricing Strategies, Competition from Hypermarkets, and Private Labels SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE food retail; market power; pricing strategies; hypermarkets; private labels; supermarkets ID WAL-MART SUPERCENTERS; RETAIL SALES; FOOD; BEHAVIOR; DETERMINANTS; BRANDS; PRICES; EDLP AB This study draws upon literature from the fields of agricultural economics, industrial organization, and business to study the performance of supermarkets in the United States. The empirical work draws from a rich dataset on the characteristics of supermarkets across the U.S. to test several hypotheses. Supermarkets utilizing everyday low pricing operate more efficiently than those using other strategies. Stores increase their performance by using strategies of their closest competitors. Competition with hypermarkets results in decreased supermarket performance, especially for smaller stores. Increases in private label sales relative to national brand sales are not necessarily related to increased performance. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Volpe, R (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 15 PU WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC PI LOGAN PA C/O DEEVON BAILEY, UTAH STATE UNIV, ECONOMICS DEPT, 3535 OLD MAIN HILL, LOGAN, UT 84322-3530 USA SN 1068-5502 J9 J AGR RESOUR ECON JI J. Agric. Resour. Econ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 3 BP 488 EP 503 PG 16 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 865MQ UT WOS:000298315400004 ER PT J AU Williamson, JM AF Williamson, James M. TI The Role of Information and Prices in the Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Decision: New Evidence from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE nitrogen demand elasticities; nitrogen fertilizer management; nonpoint source pollution; soil N-testing ID RISK-AVERSION; DEMAND; EXPECTATIONS; TECHNOLOGY; WATERS; INPUT AB This article investigates the impact of agronomic and price information on nitrogen fertilizer management. Excessive nitrogen applications can cause environmental degradation, and it is important to understand how information influences the application decision in order to develop effective conservation policies. The impact of soil N-tests on the rate of applied nitrogen is estimated. Farmers who use a soil test reduce their use of commercial nitrogen by up to 83 lbs/acre relative to non-testers. New evidence indicates that rising fertilizer prices encourage farmers to manage nitrogen more carefully. Estimated price elasticities of quantity demanded range from -1.67 to -1.87. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Williamson, JM (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 12 PU WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC PI LOGAN PA C/O DEEVON BAILEY, UTAH STATE UNIV, ECONOMICS DEPT, 3535 OLD MAIN HILL, LOGAN, UT 84322-3530 USA SN 1068-5502 J9 J AGR RESOUR ECON JI J. Agric. Resour. Econ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 3 BP 552 EP 572 PG 21 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 865MQ UT WOS:000298315400008 ER PT J AU Sneeringer, SE AF Sneeringer, Stacy E. TI Effects of Environmental Regulation and Urban Encroachment on California's Dairy Structure SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE dairy; differences-in-differences; environment; livestock; regulation ID SPATIAL STRUCTURE; SECTOR; DECISIONS; IMPACT; CATTLE AB Environmental regulatory compliance costs are often cited as a factor in dairy location decisions, but few studies estimate the impacts of regulation in this sector. This article uses California dairy regulations to examine the pollution haven hypothesis in agriculture. Dairy industry regulation has varied regionally within the state, with the more strictly regulated Southern California region losing production and the more environmentally lenient Central Valley gaining production. Results show that even after controlling for population density and property values, regulation had significant negative effects on dairying in Southern California. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Sneeringer, SE (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC PI LOGAN PA C/O DEEVON BAILEY, UTAH STATE UNIV, ECONOMICS DEPT, 3535 OLD MAIN HILL, LOGAN, UT 84322-3530 USA SN 1068-5502 J9 J AGR RESOUR ECON JI J. Agric. Resour. Econ. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 3 BP 590 EP 614 PG 25 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA 865MQ UT WOS:000298315400010 ER PT J AU Suh, CPC Ding, NY Lan, YB AF Suh, Charles P-C Ding, Ningye Lan, Yubin TI Using an Electronic Nose to Rapidly Assess Grandlure Content in Boll Weevil Pheromone Lures SO JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE electronic nose; Cyranose 320; boll weevil; grandlure; pheromone lure ID IDENTIFICATION; TECHNOLOGY; DIFFERENTIATION; VOLATILES; SPOILAGE AB Samples of pheromone lures used in boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Boheman), eradication programs are routinely analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) to ensure lures are adequately dosed with grandlure, the synthetic aggregation pheromone produced by male weevils. However, preparation of GC samples is tedious, time consuming, and requires a moderate level of experience. We examined the use of a commercially-available electronic nose (e-nose) for rapidly assessing the grandlure contents of lures. The e-nose was trained to recognize headspace collections of grandlure emitted from new lures and after lures were aged under field conditions for 4 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d. Based on cross-validation of the training set, the e-nose was 82% accurate in discriminating among the different age classes of lures. Upon sampling headspace collections of pheromone from a different set of field-aged lures, the e-nose was <50% accurate in discriminating 4 d, 7 d, and 10 d aged lures from the other age classes of lures. However, the e-nose identified new and 14 d aged lure samples with 100% accuracy. In light of these findings, e-nose technology shows considerable promise as an alternative approach for rapidly assessing the initial grandlure contents of lures used in boll weevil eradication programs. C1 [Suh, Charles P-C; Lan, Yubin] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Ding, Ningye] NE Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. RP Suh, CPC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM charles.suh@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1672-6529 J9 J BIONIC ENG JI J. Bionic Eng. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 BP 449 EP 454 DI 10.1016/S1672-6529(11)60050-4 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics GA 864DG UT WOS:000298216600011 ER PT J AU Hay-Roe, MM Meagher, RL Nagoshi, RN AF Hay-Roe, Mirian M. Meagher, Robert L. Nagoshi, Rodney N. TI Effects of Cyanogenic Plants on Fitness in Two Host Strains of the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Life histories; Cyanogenic glycosides; Cyanogenesis; Cynodon spp.; Plant-insect interaction; Spodoptera frugiperda ID HYDROGEN-CYANIDE; PHASEOLUS-LUNATUS; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE; BERMUDAGRASS; GLYCOSIDES; HERBIVORE; PASSIFLORA; RESISTANCE AB The generalist moth, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) consists of two genetic subgroups (host strains) that differ in their distribution among host plant species. The corn strain prefers crop plants such as corn, sorghum, and cotton, while the rice strain is found in small grasses such as Cynodon spp. and rice. Little is known about the physiological factors that drive this host preference. Here, we report a feeding study with natural host plants and an artificial diet containing cyanide. We found that corn, two Cynodon spp. (bermudagrass C. dactylon (L.) Persoon, 'NuMex Sahara', and stargrass C. nlemfuensis var. nlemfuensis Vanderyst, 'Florona'), and a hybrid between bermudagrass and stargrass, 'Tifton 85', exhibited differences in the concentration of the cyanogenic precursors or cyanogenic potential (HCNp) and the release of hydrogen cyanide per unit time or cyanogenic capacity (HCNc). Corn plants released low levels of hydrogen cyanide, while stargrass had greater HCNp/HCNc than bermudagrass and 'Tifton 85'. Feeding studies showed that corn strain larvae experienced higher mortality than the rice strain when fed stargrass or artificial diet supplemented with cyanide. Also, corn strain larvae excreted higher levels of cyanogenic compounds than the rice strain when fed Cynodon spp. These differences in excretion suggest potential disparities in cyanide metabolism between the two strains. We hypothesize that differences in the susceptibility to cyanide levels in various host plants could play a role in driving strain divergence and what appears to be the incipient speciation of this moth. C1 [Hay-Roe, Mirian M.; Meagher, Robert L.; Nagoshi, Rodney N.] ARS, Behav & Biocontrol Unit, USDA, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Hay-Roe, MM (reprint author), ARS, Behav & Biocontrol Unit, USDA, CMAVE, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM mmhr@ufl.edu NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 EI 1573-1561 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1314 EP 1322 DI 10.1007/s10886-011-0049-7 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 866QN UT WOS:000298396200005 PM 22173887 ER PT J AU Tiosano, D Hadad, S Chen, ZS Nemirovsky, A Gepstein, V Militianu, D Weisman, Y Abrams, SA AF Tiosano, Dov Hadad, Salim Chen, Zhensheng Nemirovsky, Aleksandra Gepstein, Vardit Militianu, Daniela Weisman, Yosef Abrams, Steven A. TI Calcium Absorption, Kinetics, Bone Density, and Bone Structure in Patients with Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID D-DEPENDENT RICKETS; D-RECEPTOR; TRABECULAR BONE; METABOLISM; MICE; D-3; ALOPECIA; THERAPY; GENE; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D AB Background: Hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) is caused by mutations in the vitamin D receptor gene. Children with HVDRR suffer from severe hypocalcemia and rickets that are treatable with extremely high-dose calcium supplements. Surprisingly, spontaneous recovery of calcium metabolism occurs after the end of puberty without the need for further calcium supplementation. Objectives: To evaluate the role of vitamin D receptor in intestinal calcium absorption and bone, we investigated intestinal fractional calcium absorption (FCA), bone calcium accretion (Vo+), bone mineral density (BMD), and bone structure parameters in HVDRR patients from infancy into adulthood. Patients and Methods: Seventeen HVDRR patients aged 1.5-37 yr were investigated. FCA and Vo+ were determined by stable-calcium isotopes. BMD was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bone structure by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Results: FCA in patients aged 1.5-17 yr was 34.9 +/- 11.2% compared with 57.3 +/- 2.0% in age-matched controls (P < 0.00004), whereas in patients aged 18-26 yr, it was 82.0 +/- 7.8 and 53.6 +/- 1.2% in controls (P < 0.001). FCA of patients older than 29 yr was comparable to controls. Patients aged 18-26 yr had higher Vo+ than controls (P < 0.02). Patients under 18 and over 29 yr of age had Vo+ comparable to controls. Femoral-neck BMD Z-score was -2.38 +/- 0.3 in patients under 18 yr and 0.28 +/- 0.87 in postpubertal patients (P < 0.0001). Bone structure by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and bone parameters of HVDRR patients and controls were similar. Conclusions: Evidence from HVDRR patients reveals that calcium absorption is highly vitamin D dependent during infancy until the end of puberty, after which there is a period of about 10 yr in which mechanisms other than vitamin D-dependent ones are substantially involved in calcium absorption. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96: 3701-3709, 2011) C1 [Tiosano, Dov; Gepstein, Vardit] Meyer Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Endocrinol, IL-31096 Haifa, Israel. [Hadad, Salim] Meyer Childrens Hosp, Div Pharm, IL-31096 Haifa, Israel. [Nemirovsky, Aleksandra; Militianu, Daniela] Meyer Childrens Hosp, Dept Radiol, IL-31096 Haifa, Israel. [Tiosano, Dov] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Rappaport Fac Med, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Weisman, Yosef] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Tel Aviv Sourasky Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, IL-64239 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Chen, Zhensheng; Abrams, Steven A.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Tiosano, D (reprint author), Meyer Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Endocrinol, Rambam Hlth Care Campus, IL-31096 Haifa, Israel. EM d_tiosano@rambam.health.gov.il OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 42 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 96 IS 12 BP 3701 EP 3709 DI 10.1210/jc.2011-1432 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 865FA UT WOS:000298295200043 PM 21917877 ER PT J AU Roshan, B Ganda, OP DeSilva, R Ganim, RB Ward, E Haessler, SD Polisecki, EY Asztalos, BF Schaefer, EJ AF Roshan, Bijan Ganda, Om P. DeSilva, Rani Ganim, Rose B. Ward, Edmund Haessler, Sarah D. Polisecki, Eliana Y. Asztalos, Bela F. Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Homozygous lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency due to a new loss of function mutation and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Apolipoprotein; High density lipoprotein; Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase; Corneal pacification; Anemia; Renal disease ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PRIMARY BILIARY-CIRRHOSIS; LECITHIN; HDL; PATIENT; PARTICIPANTS; INHIBITION; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION; STATES AB BACKGROUND: A case of homozygous familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency with a novel homozygous LCAT missense mutation (replacement of methionine by arginine at position 293 in the amino acid sequence of the LCAT protein) is reported. METHODS AND RESULTS: The probable diagnosis was suggested by findings of marked high density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency, corneal opacification, anemia, and renal insufficiency. The diagnosis was confirmed by two dimensional gel electrophoresis of HDL, the measurement of free and esterified cholesterol, and sequencing of the LCAT gene. CONCLUSIONS: In our view the most important aspects of therapy to prevent the kidney disease that these patients develop is careful control of blood pressure and lifestyle measures to optimize non HDL lipoproteins. In the future replacement therapy by gene transfer or other methods may become available. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of National Lipid Association. C1 [Asztalos, Bela F.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Asztalos, Bela F.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Roshan, Bijan; Ganda, Om P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [DeSilva, Rani] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ganim, Rose B.; Haessler, Sarah D.] Baystate Med Ctr, Springfield, MA USA. [Ward, Edmund; Polisecki, Eliana Y.; Asztalos, Bela F.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Boston Heart Diagnost, Framingham, MA USA. RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ernst.schaefer@tufts.edu FU National Institutes of Health [P30DK36836]; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD [HL-60935, HL 74753, PO50HL083813]; US Department of Agriculture, Washington DC [53-3K06-5-10] FX Dr. Ganda's research is partially supported by a National Institutes of Health Diabetes Enrichment Core (P30DK36836). Drs. Schaefer and Asztalos are supported by research grants to the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory at Tufts University from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HL-60935, HL 74753, PO50HL083813) and the US Department of Agriculture, Washington DC (53-3K06-5-10). Drs. Polisecki, Asztalos, and Schaefer receive partial salary support from Boston Heart Laboratory, Framingham, MA. There are no other conflicts of interest for the rest of the authors. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1933-2874 J9 J CLIN LIPIDOL JI J. Clin. Lipidol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 6 BP 493 EP 499 DI 10.1016/j.jacl.2011.07.002 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 862WZ UT WOS:000298126100010 PM 22108153 ER PT J AU Short, DPG O'Donnell, K Zhang, N Juba, JH Geiser, DM AF Short, Dylan P. G. O'Donnell, Kerry Zhang, Ning Juba, Jean H. Geiser, David M. TI Widespread Occurrence of Diverse Human Pathogenic Types of the Fungus Fusarium Detected in Plumbing Drains SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOLANI SPECIES COMPLEX; WATER DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; DNA-SEQUENCE DATABASE; SOFT CONTACT-LENSES; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; GENE GENEALOGIES; INFECTIONS; KERATITIS; SEWAGE AB It has been proposed that plumbing systems might serve as a significant environmental reservoir of human-pathogenic isolates of Fusarium. We tested this hypothesis by performing the first extensive multilocus sequence typing (MLST) survey of plumbing drain-associated Fusarium isolates and comparing the diversity observed to the known diversity of clinical Fusarium isolates. We sampled 471 drains, mostly in bathroom sinks, from 131 buildings in the United States using a swabbing method. We found that 66% of sinks and 80% of buildings surveyed yielded at least one Fusarium culture. A total of 297 isolates of Fusarium collected were subjected to MLST to identify the phylogenetic species and sequence types (STs) of these isolates. Our survey revealed that the six most common STs in sinks were identical to the six most frequently associated with human infections. We speculate that the most prevalent STs, by virtue of their ability to form and grow in biofilms, are well adapted to plumbing systems. Six major Fusarium STs were frequently isolated from plumbing drains within a broad geographic area and were identical to STs frequently associated with human infections. C1 [Short, Dylan P. G.; Juba, Jean H.; Geiser, David M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [O'Donnell, Kerry] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. [Zhang, Ning] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Short, DPG (reprint author), 118 Buckhout Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM dylanpgshort@gmail.com RI Zhang, Ning/K-3046-2012; Geiser, David/J-9950-2013 OI Zhang, Ning/0000-0003-0755-2505; FU Bausch Lomb, Inc.; Pennsylvania State College of Agricultural Sciences; USDA-AFRI; USDA FX This study was supported in part by financial support from Bausch & Lomb, Inc., as well as by a special Graduate Research grant provided by the Pennsylvania State College of Agricultural Sciences awarded to D.P.G.S. D.P.G.S. is supported by a USDA-AFRI grant in Microbial Genomics and a USDA National Needs Fellowship. NR 57 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4264 EP 4272 DI 10.1128/JCM.05468-11 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400039 PM 21976755 ER PT J AU Gao, YL Lei, ZR Abe, Y Reitz, SR AF Gao, Yulin Lei, Zhongren Abe, Yoshihisa Reitz, Stuart R. TI Species Displacements are Common to Two Invasive Species of Leafminer Fly in China, Japan, and the United States SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Liriomyza sativae; Liriomyza trifolii; biological invasion; species displacement; insecticide susceptibility ID LIRIOMYZA-SATIVAE DIPTERA; MITOCHONDRIAL PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; TRIFOLII DIPTERA; AGROMYZIDAE; POPULATIONS; CALIFORNIA; BLANCHARD; BRYONIAE; BURGESS; CLADES AB Under field conditions, species displacements have occurred in different directions between the same invasive species of leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard) was displaced by L. trifolii (Burgess) in the western United States, with evidence suggesting that lower insecticide susceptibility of L. trifolii is a factor. However, in Japan, the opposite has occurred, as L. trifolii was recently displaced by L. sativae. This displacement is probably because of the higher fecundity of L. sativae and differential effects of parasitoids on the two leafminer species. Here, we carried out long-term surveys of these same two invasive leafminer species during January through March in 1999, 2007, and 2011, as well as June through July in 2011, in eight locations (Sanya, Dongfang, Haikou, Leidong, Lingshui, Wuzhisan, Qionghai, and Danzhou) across Hainan Island of southern China. Our results indicate that, between 2007 and 2011, L. trifolii rapidly replaced L. sativae as the predominant leafminer of vegetables on Hainan Island, similar to the situation in the western United States. Further surveys of growers revealed that avermectins and cyromazine are the two most frequently used insecticides against leafminers on Hainan Island. Dose-mortality tests showed that L. trifolii populations from Hainan Island are less susceptible to avermectins and cyromazine compared with L. sativae populations. This lower insecticide susceptibility of L. trifolii may be associated with the displacement of L. sativae by L. trifolii, although additional ecological or environmental factors cannot be ruled out. C1 [Gao, Yulin; Lei, Zhongren] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Abe, Yoshihisa] Kyushu Univ, Grad Sch Social & Cultural Studies, Biosystemat Lab, Fukuoka 8108560, Japan. [Reitz, Stuart R.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Lei, ZR (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM zrlei@ippcaas.cn RI Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008 FU National Key Basic Research Program (973) [2009 CB119004]; earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System [Nycytx-35-gw27] FX We thank Prof J. Wen (IPP-CAAS) for identifying the leafminer species. We are grateful to Y. Leng (NATESC) and S. Xie (HNASS) for providing important informations, as well as J. Xiang, W. Yu, Q. Wei, and Y. Zhang for collecting the data in this study. We also thank Marshall Johnson (UC Riverside) for valuable comments on the manuscript revision. This research project was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program (973 Projects Grant 2009 CB119004) and the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (Nycytx-35-gw27). NR 16 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1771 EP 1773 DI 10.1603/EC11206 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700002 PM 22299335 ER PT J AU Buchman, JL Heilman, BE Munyaneza, JE AF Buchman, Jeremy L. Heilman, Blaine E. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Effects of Liberibacter-Infective Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) Density on Zebra Chip Potato Disease Incidence, Potato Yield, and Tuber Processing Quality SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE potato psyllid; liberibacter; psyllid density; potato; zebra chip disease ID PSYLLID YELLOWS; SOLANACEARUM; ASSOCIATION; PLANTS; PCR; INSECTICIDES; TRANSMISSION; ACIDS; SULC AB In plant pathosystems involving insect vectors, disease spread, incidence, and severity often depend on the density of the vector population and its rate of infectivity with the disease pathogen. The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sule), has recently been associated with zebra chip (ZC), an emerging and economically important disease of potato in the United States, Mexico, Central America, and New Zealand. "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum," a previously undescribed species of liberibacter has been linked to the disease and is transmitted to potato by B. cockerelli. Experiments were conducted under laboratory and field conditions to determine the impact of B. cockerelli density on ZC incidence, potato yield, and tuber processing quality. Insect densities ranging from one to 25 liberibacter-infective psyllids per plant were used during the experiments. Results showed that a single adult potato psyllid was capable of inoculating liberibacter to potato and causing ZC disease after a 72-h inoculation access period and was as damaging as 25 psyllids per plant. In addition, ZC-diseased plants showed a sharp reduction in tuber yield but the disease response was independent of the density of psyllids. Furthermore, both glucose and sucrose were found to have highly elevated concentrations in ZC-diseased potato tubers compared with noninfected ones and psyllid density did not vary the response. The high reducing sugar concentrations found in ZC-infected potato tubers are believed to be responsible for browning and reduced quality in processed ZC-infected tubers. This information could help ZC-affected potato producers in making effective management decisions for this serious disease. C1 [Buchman, Jeremy L.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Buchman, Jeremy L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM joseph.munyaneza@ars.usda.gov FU Frito-Lay, Inc.; USDA-ARS; TX Department of Agriculture, USDA-RAMP [2009-51101-05892]; USDA-SCRI [2009-51181-20176] FX We thank Venkat Sengoda, Millie Heidt, Tonja Fisher, Dan Hallauer, Jeff Upton, Jerry Gefre, and Andy Cruz for their invaluable technical assistance. We are also very grateful to Dave Horton for his invaluable help with statistical analysis. Financial support for this research was partially provided by Frito-Lay, Inc., USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program, TX Department of Agriculture, USDA-RAMP (Project 2009-51101-05892) and USDA-SCRI (Project 2009-51181-20176). NR 37 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1783 EP 1792 DI 10.1603/EC11146 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700004 PM 22299337 ER PT J AU Frost, KE Willis, DK Groves, RL AF Frost, K. E. Willis, D. K. Groves, R. L. TI Detection and Variability of Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Titer in Its Insect Vector, Macrosteles quadrilineatus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aster leafhopper; aster yellows; aster yellows phytoplasma; Macrosteles quadrilineatus; qPCR ID REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LEAFHOPPER HOMOPTERA; QUANTITATIVE PCR; MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISM; LIBERIBACTER ASIATICUS; VIRUS; QUANTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; PLANTS AB The aster yellows phytoplasma (AYp) is transmitted by the aster leafhopper, Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes, in a persistent and propagative manner. To study AYp replication and examine the variability of AYp titer in individual aster leafhoppers, we developed a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to measure AYp concentration in insect DNA extracts. Absolute quanti_cation of AYp DNA was achieved by comparing the amplification of unknown amounts of an AYp target gene sequence, elongation factor TU (tuf), from whole insect DNA extractions, to the amplification of a dilution series containing known quantities of the tuf gene sequence cloned into a plasmid. The capabilities and limitations of this method were assessed by conducting time course experiments that varied the incubation time of AYp in the aster leafhopper from 0 to 9 d after a 48 h acquisition access period on an AYp-infected plant. Average AYp titer was measured in 107 aster leafhoppers and, expressed as Log 10 (copies/insect), ranged from 3.53 (+/- 0.07) to 6.26 (+/- 0.11) occurring at one and 7 d after the acquisition access period. AYp titers per insect and relative to an aster leafhopper chromosomal reference gene, cp6 wingless (cp6), increased approximate to 100-fold in insects that acquired the AYp. High quantification cycle values obtained for aster leafhoppers not exposed to an AYp-infected plant were interpreted as background and used to define a limit of detection for the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. This method will improve our ability to study biological factors governing AYp replication in the aster leafhopper and determine if AYp titer is associated with frequency of transmission. C1 [Groves, R. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Frost, K. E.; Willis, D. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willis, D. K.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit,Russell Labs, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Groves, RL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM groves@entomology.wisc.edu FU USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [MSN 129013] FX We thank Thomas German at the University of Wisconsin, for the use of his laboratory space and equipment. We thank Emily Mueller and Thomas German for their constructive criticism and comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Funding support was provided by the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative through the Wisconsin Specialty Crops Block Grant Program (MSN 129013). NR 72 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 25 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1800 EP 1815 DI 10.1603/EC11183 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700006 PM 22299339 ER PT J AU Hallman, GJ Guo, K Liu, TX AF Hallman, Guy J. Guo, Kun Liu, Tong-Xian TI Phytosanitary Irradiation of Liriomyza trifolii (Diptera: Agromyzidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quarantine treatment; phytosanitary treatment; American serpentine leafminer; ionizing radiation ID IONIZING-RADIATION; LEPIDOPTERA AB Agromyzid leafminers are economic and quarantine pests of a variety of vegetables, flowers, and ornamental foliage. Methyl bromide fumigation is often used as a phytosanitary treatment when quarantined agromyzids are found in shipped commodities; alternative treatments are sought. Ionizing radiation is a viable alternative that is increasing in use worldwide. A dose of 400 Gy is accepted by USDA-APHIS for all insects (except Lepidoptera pupae and adults) on all commodities. Efforts to lower this dose and make it acceptable to other countries involve determining radiotolerance of families of major quarantine pests. Agromyzidae is one such family for which no useful information on radiotolerance exists. This research sought to determine the dose required to control a major agromyzid pest, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) and was performed on L. trifolii collected in Weslaco, TX, reared on Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Capsicum annuum L. and irradiated in the late puparial stage. The measure of efficacy was prevention of F(1) mine formation. Puparia collected from Gossypium hirsutum L. and reared on P. vulgaris were more radiotolerant than those collected and reared on C. annuum. A dose of 214 Gy may prevent F(1) mine formation of L. trifolii. This research used a variation of probit analysis where the direct response of the treated individual is not measured, but the response of the F(1) generation is. This type of analysis is useful in phytosanitary irradiation research where the measure of efficacy often involves a response of the F(1) generation. C1 [Hallman, Guy J.] USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Guo, Kun; Liu, Tong-Xian] Texas A&M Univ, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Hallman, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2413 E Business Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM guy.hallman@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1851 EP 1855 DI 10.1603/EC11185 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700011 PM 22299344 ER PT J AU Pinero, JC Souder, SK Gomez, LE Mau, RFL Vargas, RI AF Pinero, Jaime C. Souder, Steven K. Gomez, Luis E. Mau, Ronald F. L. Vargas, Roger I. TI Response of Female Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) to a Spinosad Bait and Polymer Matrix Mixture With Extended Residual Effect in Hawaii SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE integrated pest management; behavior; bait station; rainfastness; Mediterranean fruit fly ID ORIENTAL FRUIT-FLY; APPLE MAGGOT FLIES; MALE ANNIHILATION; PEST-MANAGEMENT; BACTROCERA-DORSALIS; PAPAYA ORCHARDS; METHYL EUGENOL; MELON FLY; SPRAYS; FORMULATIONS AB The effectiveness of foliar applications of protein baits against pestiferous fruit flies (Tephritidae) can be adversely affected by a rapid loss of attractive volatile compounds and by rainfall due to the high water solubility of the baits. In a large coffee, Coffea arabica L., plantation in Hawaii with high and low populations of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), the relative attractiveness of GF-120 NF Naturalyte Fruit Fly Bait as either a 40% (vol:vol) spray solution (=GF-120 NF) or as a formulated proprietary amorphous polymer matrix (=GF-120 APM) was compared. The GF-120 APM formulations contained either, 25, 50, or 75% of GF-120 NF (wt:wt). All baits were tested in association with visually attractive yellow bait stations as a way of standardizing the evaluations. With both high and low C. capitata populations, significantly more females were attracted to the fresh sprayed GF-120 NF than to any of the three fresh GF-120 APM formulations. The attractiveness of GF-120 sprayed decreased significantly after 1 wk, whereas 1-wk-old GF-120 APM formulations were as attractive as similar fresh formulations. GF-120 APM 75% aged for 3 wk outperformed similarly-aged sprayed GF-120 NF with comparatively high C. capitata populations. With low populations, both GF-120 APM 75% and GF-120 APM 50% aged for 2 wk outperformed the similarly aged sprayed GF-120 NF. Combined findings indicate that APM mixed with either 50 or 75% GF-120 applied to bait stations can be attractive to female C. capitata for up to 3 wk longer than the standard sprayed GF-120 NF. C1 [Pinero, Jaime C.; Mau, Ronald F. L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr Human Resources, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Souder, Steven K.; Vargas, Roger I.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Gomez, Luis E.] Dow AgroSci LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. RP Pinero, JC (reprint author), Lincoln Univ Missouri, Allen Hall 212,900 Chestnut St, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA. EM pineroj@lincolnu.edu NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1856 EP 1863 DI 10.1603/EC11056 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700012 PM 22299345 ER PT J AU He, YP Zhang, JF Chen, JM Wu, QC Chen, L Chen, LZ Xiao, PF Zhu, YC AF He, Yueping Zhang, Juefeng Chen, Jianming Wu, Quancong Chen, Li Chen, Liezhong Xiao, Pengfei Zhu, Yu Cheng TI Influence of Pymetrozine on Feeding Behaviors of Three Rice Planthoppers and a Rice Leafhopper Using Electrical Penetration Graphs SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pymetrozine; Nilaparvata lugens; Sogatella furcifera; Laodelphax striatellus; Nephotettix cincticeps ID BROWN PLANTHOPPER; GREEN LEAFHOPPER; RISK-ASSESSMENT; RESISTANCE; INSECTS AB Pymetrozine reportedly inhibits feeding of plant sap-sucking insects, such as aphids and brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stal)). By using electrical penetration graph (EPG), this study was conducted to investigate any differential effect of pymetrozine on the feeding behaviors of four major rice sap-sucking insect species, 1) N. lugens, 2) white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera (Horvath)), 3) small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen)), and 4) green rice leafhopper (Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler). On pymetrozine-free TN1 rice plants, white-backed planthopper and small brown planthopper showed a significantly less activity in the phloem phases than brown planthopper or green rice leafhopper while green rice leafhopper engaged in relatively more xylem ingestion than brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, and small brown planthopper. On the plants treated with 100 mg liter(-1) of pymetrozine, all four insect species showed significant increases, in total duration of nonprobing and significant decreases in the activities in phloem tissue, while all species showed similar feeding behavior during the pathway and xylem phases. This study revealed that, regardless of whether the insects on untreated plants spent more time feeding on phloem than xylem (brown planthopper) or more time on xylem than phloem (green rice leafhopper) or similar times on phloem and xylem (white-backed planthopper and small brown planthopper), their feeding behavior was disturbed by pymetrozine and exhibited similar patterns of sharp decline in activity in the phloem tissue and a significant increase the nonprobing. C1 [He, Yueping; Zhang, Juefeng; Chen, Jianming; Chen, Li; Chen, Liezhong; Xiao, Pengfei] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Breeding Base Zhejiang Sustainable, Inst Plant Protect & Microbiol, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wu, Quancong] Lishui Acad Agr Sci, Lishui 323000, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yu Cheng] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Chen, JM (reprint author), Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Breeding Base Zhejiang Sustainable, Inst Plant Protect & Microbiol, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM chenjm63@yahoo.com.cn FU National Science Foundation of China [31000859, 30971918] FX The authors appreciate Zhangliang Yao (Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University), Xinzhuo Wang (Zhejiang Normal University), and Wangman Fang (Zhejiang Normal University) for their helps in the experiment. The study was partially funded by National Science Foundation of China (No. 31000859, No. 30971918). NR 29 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1877 EP 1884 DI 10.1603/EC11180 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700015 PM 22299348 ER PT J AU Joseph, SV Hanula, JL Braman, SK AF Joseph, S. V. Hanula, J. L. Braman, S. K. TI Distribution and Abundance of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Within Hemlock Trees SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adelges tsugae; eastern hemlock; Tsuga canadensis; distribution; tree height ID HOMOPTERA; DENSITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFESTATION; CANADENSIS; COLEOPTERA; RESISTANCE; VIRGINIA; PREDATOR AB We studied the distribution of hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), within hemlock trees for three summer (progrediens) and two winter (sistens) generations in northern Georgia. Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere, trees were treated with 0, 10, or 25% of 1.5 g of imidacloprid per 2.5 cm of tree diameter at breast height and fertilized or not in a factorial design. Adelgid ovisacs per centimeter of branch were more abundant from June 2007 to June 2008 in the upper tree crown of insecticide untreated trees and when all trees were combined and that was the general trend for most comparisons. However, ovisacs were more abundant in the lower crown of insecticide treated trees in June 2008. More sistens nymphs settled on the upper crown branches than on the lower branches in summers 2007 and 2008. Higher eggs per ovisac were observed in the upper crown in February 2008 and in both the winter and summer 2009. In contrast, adelgids were more fecund in the lower crown in June 2008. On fertilized trees, eggs laid per adult were higher in the upper crown in February 2008. In summer 2008, eggs per ovisac were higher in the lower crown, but this reversed again to the upper crown by summer 2009. New growth of branches also varied among sample dates. These data demonstrate the variable distribution of adelgid and hemlock growth within trees over time and suggest that sampling only one crown area will not provide accurate estimates of adelgid densities. C1 [Joseph, S. V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Hanula, J. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Braman, S. K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Joseph, SV (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, 122 S Entomol Dr, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM shimatbug@gmail.com FU U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station [SRS 4552] FX We appreciate the technical assistance provided by S. Horn, M. Cody, C. Crowe, and J. Quick. We also are indebted to J. Davis for providing valuable advice on statistical analysis of the data. We thank D. Buntin, J. Ruberson, J. All, and two anonymous reviewers for improvements to the manuscript. This project was funded by U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station SRS 4552. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1918 EP 1927 DI 10.1603/EC11022 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700020 PM 22299353 ER PT J AU Miller, DR Crowe, CM AF Miller, Daniel R. Crowe, Christopher M. TI Relative Performance of Lindgren Multiple-Funnel, Intercept Panel, and Colossus Pipe Traps in Catching Cerambycidae and Associated Species in the Southeastern United States SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Monochamus titillator; Cerambycidae; Curculionidae; Scolytinae; Buprestidae ID BEETLES COLEOPTERA; BARK; KAIROMONES AB In 2004, we evaluated the relative performance of 8-unit Lindgren multiple-funnel (funnel), Intercept panel (panel), and Colossus pipe (pipe) traps, baited with ethanol and alpha-pinene lures, in catching saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera) in pine stands in northern Florida and western South Carolina. Panel traps were as good as, if not better than, funnel and pipe traps for catching Cerambycidae. In particular, more Monochamus titillator (F.) were captured in panel traps than in pipe and funnel traps. Of three species of Buprestidae captured in our study, most Buprestis lineata F. were caught in panel traps, whereas most Acmaeodera tubulus (F.) were caught in funnel traps. Catches of Chalcophora virginiensis Drury and the root-feeding weevils Hylobius pales Herbst and Pachylobius picivorus LeConte (Curculionidae) were unaffected by trap type. Among bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), catches of Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff) were unaffected by trap type, whereas most Dendroctonus terebrans (Olivier) were caught in panel traps, most Hylastes salebrosus Eichhoff were caught in panel and pipe traps, and most Hylastes tenuis Eichhoff were caught in funnel traps. Among ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), panel traps caught the most Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg), whereas pipe traps caught the most Xyleborus Eichhoff spp. More Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) and Dryoxylon onoharaensis (Murayama) were caught in panel and funnel traps than in pipe traps. Among bark beetle predators, more Platysoma Leach spp. (Histeridae) were caught in pipe and panel traps than in funnel traps, whereas most Lasconotus Erichson spp. (Zopheridae) were caught in funnel traps. Variation among trap performance for various species suggests that managers should consider more than one type of trap in their detection programs. C1 [Miller, Daniel R.; Crowe, Christopher M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Miller, DR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dmiller03@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service FX The use of trade names and identification of firms or corporations does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Government of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Forest Service. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 16 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1934 EP 1941 DI 10.1603/EC11166 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700022 PM 22299355 ER PT J AU McInnis, D Kurashima, R Shelly, T Komatsu, J Edu, J Pahio, E AF McInnis, D. Kurashima, R. Shelly, T. Komatsu, J. Edu, J. Pahio, E. TI Prerelease Exposure to Methyl Eugenol Increases the Mating Competitiveness of Sterile Males of the Oriental Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a Hawaiian Orchard SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera dorsalis; invasive species; sterile male releases; mating competitiveness ID BACTROCERA-DORSALIS DIPTERA; FLIES DIPTERA; CUE-LURE; MALE ANNIHILATION; RELEASE; ATTRACTANTS; ERADICATION; CONSUMPTION; BEHAVIOR; COMPLEX AB Males of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), are strongly attracted to methyl eugenol (ME), and recent work demonstrated that ingestion of this chemical enhances male mating success, apparently owing its role as a precursor in the synthesis of the male sex pheromone. The current study expanded upon earlier laboratory and field-cage experiments by assessing whether prerelease exposure to ME increased the mating competitiveness of mass-reared, sterile males in Hawaiian orchards. Releases of sterile males from a pupal color-based sexing strain were made weekly in two fruit orchards over 8 mo, with the sterile males at one site given ME for 24 h before release (treated) and the sterile males at the other site given no ME before release (control). Fruits were collected periodically during the study period, and eggs were dissected and incubated to score hatch rate. At both sites, releases of sterile males increased the proportion of unhatched eggs well above prerelease levels, but the incidence of egg sterility was consistently, and statistically, greater in the orchard receiving ME-exposed males. Computed over the entire release period, the average value of Fried's competitive index (that characterizes the mating success of sterile males relative to their wild counterparts) for ME-treated males was 3.5 times greater than that for control males, although this difference was not statistically significant. However, when computed over the period during which egg sterility values were elevated and stable, presumably when females inseminated before the releases were rare or absent, the competitive indices were significantly higher for ME-treated sterile males. The implications of these results for implementing the Sterile Insect Technique against this species are discussed. C1 [McInnis, D.; Kurashima, R.; Komatsu, J.] USDA ARS, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Shelly, T.; Edu, J.; Pahio, E.] USDA APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. RP McInnis, D (reprint author), 1216 Manu Aloha St, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. EM moscamed@aol.com NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1969 EP 1978 DI 10.1603/EC11134 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700026 PM 22299359 ER PT J AU Reding, ME Schultz, PB Ranger, CM Oliver, JB AF Reding, Michael E. Schultz, Peter B. Ranger, Christopher M. Oliver, Jason B. TI Optimizing Ethanol-Baited Traps for Monitoring Damaging Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in Ornamental Nurseries SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Xylosandrus crassiusculus; Xylosandrus germanus; bottle-traps; ethanol concentration ID XYLOSANDRUS-GERMANUS COLEOPTERA; PRIMARY ATTRACTANT; BARK BEETLES; OHIO; VOLATILES; STRESS; NORTH AB The exotic ambrosia beetles Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) and Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are serious pests in ornamental tree nurseries. To optimize bottle-traps as a monitoring system for X. crassiusculus and X. germanus in nurseries, we tested whether increasing the rate of commercial ethanol lures improved captures or early detection of these species. Experiments were conducted in Ohio (2008 and 2009) and Virginia (2008), two states that have experienced significant damage from X. crassiusculus, X. germanus, or both. There were four treatments: no-lure (unbaited control), 1-ethanol lure, 2-ethanol lures and 1 + 1-ethanol lures (one lure in the trap and one suspended 0.5 m above the trap). Captures of X. crassiusculus and X. germanus were higher in all ethanol treatments than unbaited controls, and were generally higher in treatments with two lures versus one. There was no difference in beetle captures between the 2-lure and 1 + 1-lure treatments. First detection of X. crassiusculus and X. germanus occurred more consistently in the treatments with two lures than one lure. Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg), Anisandrus sayi Hopkins, Hypothenemus dissimilis Zimmermann, and Hypothenemus eruditus Westwood were also more attracted to traps baited with ethanol than unbaited controls. X. saxesenii was captured in higher numbers in the treatments with two lures than one in Virginia but not in Ohio. There was no difference in captures of the other species among ethanol treatments. The current research shows that ethanol release rates influence sensitivity of traps for detecting emergence of overwintered ambrosia beetles. C1 [Reding, Michael E.] ARS, USDA, Hort Insects Res Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Schultz, Peter B.; Ranger, Christopher M.] Virginia Tech Univ, Hampton Rd Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Virginia Beach, VA 23455 USA. [Oliver, Jason B.] Tennessee State Univ, Otis L Floyd Nursery Res Ctr, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Mcminnville, TN 37110 USA. RP Reding, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Insects Res Lab, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mike.reding@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 18 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 2017 EP 2024 DI 10.1603/EC11119 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700032 PM 22299365 ER PT J AU Frank, DL Bukowsky, R French, BW Hibbard, BE AF Frank, Daniel L. Bukowsky, Rebecca French, B. Wade Hibbard, Bruce E. TI Effect of MIR604 Transgenic Maize at Different Stages of Development on Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in a Central Missouri Field Environment SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; phenology; mCry3A; insect resistance management ID VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA COLEOPTERA; LARVAE COLEOPTERA; ADULT EMERGENCE; BT CORN; RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ESTABLISHMENT; POPULATION; MORTALITY; SELECTION AB The establishment and survival of western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, was evaluated on transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner maize, Zea mays L., expressing the mCry3A protein (MIR604) and non-Bt maize with the same genetic background (isoline maize) at different stages of development in 2007 and 2008. Overall, western corn rootworm larval recovery, root damage, and adult emergence were significantly higher on isoline maize compared with MIR604. The number of larvae and adults collected from MIR604 did not significantly differ among egg hatch dates from each maize developmental stage evaluated in either year. In 2007, damage to isoline maize roots was lower than expected and never exceeded 0.24 nodes of damage. In 2008, over 0.60 nodes of damage occurred on isoline maize roots. The mean weight and head capsule width of larvae and adults recovered from MIR604 and isoline maize were generally not significantly different. Results are discussed in relation to insect resistance management of western corn rootworm. C1 [Frank, Daniel L.; Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [French, B. Wade] USDA ARS, Integrated Cropping Syst Res Unit, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Frank, DL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM daniel.frank@ars.usda.gov FU Syngenta Biotechnology Inc. FX We thank Julie Barry (USDA-ARS), Matt Higdon (USDA-ARS), Tim Praiswater (USDA-ARS), and a number of temporary summer employees for technical assistance. Funding for this work was provided by Syngenta Biotechnology Inc. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 2054 EP 2061 DI 10.1603/EC11269 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700037 PM 22299370 ER PT J AU Zhu, LC Reese, JC Louis, J Campbell, L Chen, MS AF Zhu, Lieceng Reese, John C. Louis, Joe Campbell, Leslie Chen, Ming-Shun TI Electrical Penetration Graph Analysis of the Feeding Behavior of Soybean Aphids on Soybean Cultivars With Antibiosis SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EPG; soybean aphids; feeding behavior; resistance ID GREEN PEACH APHID; MYZUS-PERSICAE; RESISTANCE; HEMIPTERA; GENE; ANTIXENOSIS; GENOTYPES; PROTEINS AB The soybean aphid, Aphis glycine Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of soybean. In the current study, we used the Electrical Penetration Graph technique to study feeding behavior of soybean aphids on antibiotic-resistant soybean lines KS1621, KS1613, and KS1642, and a susceptible soybean line, KS4202. Weobserved that soybean aphids spent significantly shorter periods of time in the sieve element phase but slightly more times in nonprobing phases in all three resistant lines than in the susceptible control. Our study suggests that resistance factors exist in the phloem of the resistant soybean lines, and that these lines may contain antixenosis in addition to antibiosis. C1 [Zhu, Lieceng; Reese, John C.; Louis, Joe; Campbell, Leslie; Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhu, Lieceng] Fayetteville State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, NC 28301 USA. [Louis, Joe] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Reese, JC (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jreese@ksu.edu FU Fayetteville State University HBCU FX Authors thank Drs. Ludek Zurek and Jeremy Marshall for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. This project is partially supported by Fayetteville State University HBCU Masters Degree STEM Program, Faculty Development Mini-Grants. This is contribution number 11-381-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 2068 EP 2072 DI 10.1603/EC11203 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700039 PM 22299372 ER PT J AU Perez-Mendoza, J Campbell, JF Throne, JE AF Perez-Mendoza, J. Campbell, J. F. Throne, J. E. TI Influence of Age, Mating Status, Sex, Quantity of Food, and Long-Term Food Deprivation on Red Flour Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Flight Initiation SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE flight initiation; mating status; presence or absence of food; starvation; Tribolium castaneum ID TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM HERBST; STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS; RHYZOPERTHA-DOMINICA F; LESSER GRAIN BORER; PROSTEPHANUS-TRUNCATUS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; RICE WAREHOUSE; REPRODUCTION; MIGRATION; DENSITY AB Effects of age, sex, presence or absence of food, mating status, quantity of food, and food deprivation on rate of and time of flight initiation of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), were determined. Flight initiation declined with increasing age in both presence and absence of food. However, flight initiation was lower when food was present in the flight chambers than in the absence of food. In the presence of food, both mated and virgin beetles were equally likely to disperse by flight. However, in the absence of food, mated beetles initiated flight more readily that virgin individuals. Flight initiation was greatest when little or no food was present. The presence of varying quantities of food inside the flight chambers impacted the number of progeny produced by females before flight, but not the timing of flight. Rate of flight initiation was higher for beetles deprived of food for short periods of time compared with flight initiation of beetles with food in the flight chamber. Flight initiation decreased with increasing time without food. There were no differences in flight tendencies between males and females in the experiments reported here. Our results suggest that T. castaneum uses flight as a mechanism to disperse to new environments during almost any part of their life span and that this type of dispersion does not fit with the model of the so-called true migratory species that involves an "oogenesis-flight syndrome." C1 [Perez-Mendoza, J.; Campbell, J. F.; Throne, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Throne, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM james.throne@ars.usda.gov RI Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 NR 56 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 30 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 2078 EP 2086 DI 10.1603/EC11140 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700041 PM 22299374 ER PT J AU Maras, JE Talegawkar, SA Qiao, N Lyle, B Ferrucci, L Tucker, KL AF Maras, Janice E. Talegawkar, Sameera A. Qiao, Ning Lyle, Barbara Ferrucci, Luigi Tucker, Katherine L. TI Flavonoid intakes in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Flavonoids; Antioxidants; Aging; Diet records; Database; Food data management; Food composition ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BETA-CAROTENE; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DIETARY FLAVONOIDS; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; CANCER INCIDENCE; METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION; FRUIT AB Major sources of flavonoids were identified, and mean intakes over several decades were reported, among 1638 participants (mean age 62.1 +/- 16.0 y), of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Dietary data were collected using 7-d diet records during three time periods (1980s, 1990s and 2000-present), and the USDA flavonoid, proanthocyanidin and isoflavone databases were used to estimate dietary flavonoid intakes. Dietary intake data were divided according to decade of visit. Foods were matched with appropriate foods in the USDA databases. Mixed dishes were disaggregated to individual foods and a similar procedure was followed. Total flavonoids and five sub-classes of flavonoids, including flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavan-3-ols and anthocyanidins, were computed by summing appropriate compounds. The median intakes of flavonoids and the contributions of various foods to intakes were calculated by decade. Age and sex adjusted mean (SE) daily intakes of flavonoids increased from 250 (7.4) in the 1980s to 280 (9.9) mg in the 2000s. Top contributors of flavonoids were tea, apple/pear (and juices), citrus fruits (and juices), peaches, plums, grapes, nectarines (and juices) and chocolate. The data show an increase in the consumption of flavonoids over the three decades, which appears to be related to intake of fruit. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Maras, Janice E.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Talegawkar, Sameera A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Human Nutr, Dept Int Hlth, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Qiao, Ning] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lyle, Barbara] Kraft Foods, Northfield, MN USA. [Ferrucci, Luigi] Baltimore Longitudinal Study Aging, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Tucker, KL (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, 316 Robinson Hall,360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kl.tucker@neu.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU Kraft Foods, Inc., Northfield, IL, USA; Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707]; National Institutes of Health National Institute of Aging FX This research was supported in part by a grant from Kraft Foods, Inc., Northfield, IL, USA, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service contract 58-1950-7-707; and the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Aging Intramural Research Program. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 24 IS 8 BP 1103 EP 1109 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2011.04.007 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 869TE UT WOS:000298620300003 PM 22228923 ER PT J AU Geveke, DJ Boyd, G Zhang, HQ AF Geveke, David J. Boyd, Glenn Zhang, Howard Q. TI UV PENETRATION DEPTH IN LIQUID EGG WHITE AND LIQUID WHOLE EGG SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID INACTIVATION AB Knowledge of penetration depth of ultraviolet light (UV) in liquid egg is crucial in designing nonthermal UV pasteurizers. An experimental method was developed to determine penetration depth of 254 nm UV in liquid whole egg (LWE) and liquid egg white (LEW). The UV that penetrated through the egg was measured by a radiometer. Penetration depth, where the intensity of the UV decreases to 37% of the value at the surface, was 0.0066 cm and 0.0085 cm for LWE and LEW, respectively. This study indicates that in order to process liquid egg products with UV, thin films of 0.01 cm to 0.02 cm depth may be required. C1 [Geveke, David J.; Boyd, Glenn; Zhang, Howard Q.] ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Geveke, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.geveke@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-8892 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 6 BP 754 EP 757 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00525.x PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 860KX UT WOS:000297948300002 ER PT J AU Min, SC Zhang, HQ Yang, HJ AF Min, Sea C. Zhang, Howard Q. Yang, Hee-Jae TI THERMOFORMED CONTAINER WALL THICKNESS EFFECTS ON ORANGE JUICE QUALITY SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID STORAGE AB Microbial, physical and flavor qualities of pasteurized orange juice packaged in cylindrical 118-mL and 177-mL containers with the same bottom diameter and thickness but different wall heights and thickness were compared with study effects of the wall thickness of the containers on the qualities. The 118-mL or 177-mL containers were thermoformed from a laminated package using the same amount of the material. Thermoforming conditions for forming 118-mL containers were optimized: 154C forming temperature, 103.2-s heating time and 0.25-MPa forming pressure. Resulting containers were compared with 177-mL containers for which optimized forming conditions had been previously determined. Significantly smaller numbers of aerobic microorganisms were counted and longer retentions of color and flavors were obtained by the 118-mL containers. A greater wall thickness of 118-mL containers might allow less oxygen transmission to orange juice, which could reduce the rates of the microbial growth, color change and flavor degradation in the juice. C1 [Min, Sea C.; Yang, Hee-Jae] Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Seoul 139774, South Korea. [Zhang, Howard Q.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, PWA,WRRC CD, Albany, CA USA. RP Min, SC (reprint author), Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 126 Kongneung,2 Dong, Seoul 139774, South Korea. EM smin@swu.ac.kr FU Seoul Women's University; U.S. Department of Defense Dual Use Science and Technology FX This work was supported by a research grant from Seoul Women's University (2010) and by the U.S. Department of Defense Dual Use Science and Technology Program. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-8892 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 6 BP 758 EP 766 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00526.x PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 860KX UT WOS:000297948300003 ER PT J AU Bower, C Hietala, K Delaca, T AF Bower, Cindy Hietala, Katie Delaca, Theodore TI BACTERIAL PRESERVATION OF PINK SALMON USING POTATOES AS A CARBOHYDRATE SOURCE SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID LACTIC-ACID; FISH SILAGE; PHYSICAL MODIFICATION; WASTE; FERMENTATION; PRODUCTS; STORAGE; STARCH; PULP AB Salmon processing waste can create disposal issues unless a fish meal plant is located nearby. Other preservation methods, such as fermentation with lactic acid bacteria (LAB), are less energy intensive, but require an added carbohydrate. In this study, pink salmon heads (raw, smoked or cooked) were mixed with potatoes at different ratios and incubated with LAB. An initial pH drop was observed, with concurrent production of lactic acid, for all salmonpotato silages within 24 h; however, only silages composed of 100% potato or salmon with added sucrose became stable and remained at or below pH 4.8 for 60 days. Increasing the potato content of the potatosalmon silage increased the initial acidification, but did not prevent a rise in pH during storage. This study suggests that discarded agricultural products such as potatoes might be useful as a carbohydrate supplement for LAB preservation of fish by-products. C1 [Bower, Cindy; Hietala, Katie; Delaca, Theodore] USDA ARS, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Bower, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM CKBower319@gmail.com NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-8892 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 6 BP 822 EP 831 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00535.x PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 860KX UT WOS:000297948300011 ER PT J AU Jin, T He, YP AF Jin, Tony He, Yiping TI Antibacterial activities of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles against foodborne pathogens SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Magnesium oxide; Nanoparticles; Foodborne pathogens; Antibacterial activity; Environmental and health effects ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ZINC-OXIDE; POLYLACTIC ACID; QUANTITATIVE-EVALUATION; CONDUCTIMETRIC ASSAY; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; TURKEY BOLOGNA; POWDER SLURRY; NISIN AB The antibacterial activities of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NP) alone or in combination with other antimicrobials (nisin and ZnO NP) against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Stanley were investigated. The results show that MgO NP have strong bactericidal activity against the pathogens, achieving more than 7 log reductions in bacterial counts. The antibacterial activity of MgO NP increased as the concentrations of MgO increased. A synergistic effect of MgO in combination with nisin was observed as well. However, the addition of ZnO NP to MgO NP did not enhance the antibacterial activity of MgO against both pathogens. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the morphological changes of E. coli O157:H7 before and after antimicrobial treatments. It was revealed that MgO NP treatments distort and damage the cell membrane, resulting in a leakage of intracellular contents and eventually the death of bacterial cells. These results suggest that MgO NP alone or in combination with nisin could potentially be used as an effective antibacterial agent to enhance food safety. C1 [Jin, Tony] ARS, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [He, Yiping] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Jin, T (reprint author), ARS, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM tony.jin@ars.usda.gov OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 NR 49 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 56 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 12 BP 6877 EP 6885 DI 10.1007/s11051-011-0595-5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 861YD UT WOS:000298056100062 ER PT J AU Van Kan, GA Cedarbaum, JM Cesari, M Dahinden, P Fariello, RG Fielding, RA Goodpaster, BH Hettwer, S Isaac, M Laurent, D Morley, JE Pahor, M Rooks, D Roubenoff, R Rutkove, SB Shaheen, A Vamvakas, S Vrijbloed, JW Vellas, B AF Van Kan, G. Abellan Cedarbaum, J. M. Cesari, M. Dahinden, P. Fariello, R. G. Fielding, R. A. Goodpaster, B. H. Hettwer, S. Isaac, M. Laurent, D. Morley, J. E. Pahor, M. Rooks, D. Roubenoff, R. Rutkove, S. B. Shaheen, A. Vamvakas, S. Vrijbloed, J. W. Vellas, B. TI SARCOPENIA: BIOMARKERS AND IMAGING (INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SARCOPENIA RESEARCH) SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING LA English DT Article ID VALIDATED TREATMENTS; CLINICAL-TRIALS C1 [Van Kan, G. Abellan; Cesari, M.; Vellas, B.] Toulouse Univ Hosp, Dept Geriatr Med, INSERM 1027, Toulouse, France. [Cedarbaum, J. M.] Cytokinetics Inc, Clin Res & Operat, Neurosci & Neuromuscular Disorders, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Dahinden, P.; Fariello, R. G.; Hettwer, S.; Shaheen, A.; Vrijbloed, J. W.] Neurotune AG, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland. [Fielding, R. A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Goodpaster, B. H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Isaac, M.; Vamvakas, S.] EMA, Sci Advice Sect, Human Med Special Areas, London E14 4HB, England. [Laurent, D.] Novartis Inst Biomed Res, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Morley, J. E.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr Med, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Morley, J. E.] VA Med Ctr, GRECC, St Louis, MO USA. [Pahor, M.] Univ Florida, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Pahor, M.] Univ Florida, Inst Aging, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Rutkove, S. B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Van Kan, GA (reprint author), Toulouse Univ Hosp, Dept Geriatr Med, INSERM 1027, Toulouse, France. RI Cesari, Matteo/A-4649-2008 OI Cesari, Matteo/0000-0002-0348-3664 NR 12 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1279-7707 J9 J NUTR HEALTH AGING JI J. Nutr. Health Aging PD DEC PY 2011 VL 15 IS 10 BP 834 EP 846 PG 13 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 874OC UT WOS:000298966900006 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Endreny, TA Nowak, DJ AF Yang, Yang Endreny, Theodore A. Nowak, David J. TI iTree-Hydro: Snow Hydrology Update For The Urban Forest Hydrology Model SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE iTree-Hydro; UFORE-Hydro; cold climate hydrology; snow interception; snow accumulation; snow ablation; snow sublimation ID INTERCEPTION; SIMULATION; SURFACE; IMPACT; COVER AB This article presents snow hydrology updates made to iTree-Hydro, previously called the Urban Forest Effects-Hydrology model. iTree-Hydro Version 1 was a warm climate model developed by the USDA Forest Service to provide a process-based planning tool with robust water quantity and quality predictions given data limitations common to most urban areas. Cold climate hydrology routines presented in this update to iTree-Hydro include: (1) snow interception to simulate the capture of snow by the vegetation canopy, (2) snow unloading to simulate the release of snow triggered by wind, (3) snowmelt to simulate the solid to liquid phase change using a heat budget, and (4) snow sublimation to simulate the solid to gas phase via evaporation. Cold climate hydrology routines were tested with research-grade snow accumulation and weather data for the winter of 1996-1997 at Umpqua National Forest, Oregon. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency for open area snow accumulation was 0.77 and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency for under canopy was 0.91. The USDA Forest Service offers iTreeHydro for urban forest hydrology simulation through iTreetools. org. C1 [Yang, Yang; Endreny, Theodore A.] SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Nowak, David J.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM te@esf.edu OI Endreny, Theodore/0000-0002-1891-261X FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station [06-JV-11242300-113]; Syracuse Center of Excellence; SUNY ESF Department of Environmental Resources Engineering FX This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station through award 06-JV-11242300-113. The authors thank the Syracuse Center of Excellence and SUNY ESF Department of Environmental Resources Engineering for additional financial support. The authors also acknowledge Syracuse University CASE program & Davey Expert Tree Company for assistance in model development. We appreciate the editorial suggestions provided by the external referees. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1211 EP 1218 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00564.x PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 859BV UT WOS:000297850000004 ER PT J AU Poff, B Koestner, KA Neary, DG Henderson, V AF Poff, Boris Koestner, Karen A. Neary, Daniel G. Henderson, Victoria TI Threats to Riparian Ecosystems in Western North America: An Analysis of Existing Literature SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE environmental impacts; riparian ecology; sustainability; water policy ID RIVER FLOODPLAIN; FLOW REGULATION; UNITED-STATES; DECLINE; VEGETATION; COTTONWOODS; RESPONSES; ARIZONA; SOILS; WATER AB A total of 453 journal articles, reports, books, and book chapters addressing threats to riparian ecosystems in western North America were analyzed to identify, quantify, and qualify the major threats to these ecosystems as represented in the existing literature. Publications were identified either as research, policy, literature review, historical comparison, or management papers. All papers were evaluated based on year of publication, area of interest, and type(s) of threats addressed. Research papers, however, were assessed in more depth. The publications ranged from the 1930s to 2010 and addressed the following threats: dams, pollution ( point and nonpoint), grazing, land use change, timber harvesting, water diversion, road construction, recreation, mining, groundwater pumping, invasive species, climate change, salinity, fire, insect and diseases, woody encroachment, watershed degradation, elimination of native vegetation, beavers, fire suppression, and fuel management. While the types of threats vary on spatial and temporal scales, some persist through decades in western North America. This analysis shows that grazing has been perceived as a dominant threat since the 1980s, but has been diminishing in the past decade, while invasive species, dams and, in recent years, climate change are increasingly represented in the literature as threats to riparian ecosystems in western North America. C1 [Poff, Boris] Bur Land Management, So Nevada Dist Off, Las Vegas, NV 89130 USA. [Koestner, Karen A.; Neary, Daniel G.; Henderson, Victoria] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Poff, B (reprint author), Bur Land Management, So Nevada Dist Off, 4701 N Torrey Pines, Las Vegas, NV 89130 USA. EM bpoff@blm.gov FU Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center FX The authors thank the Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center for the support of this analysis. Their vision and the guidance of Dr. Terry Shaw was especially helpful. NR 87 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 7 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1241 EP 1254 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00571.x PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 859BV UT WOS:000297850000007 ER PT J AU Nair, SS King, KW Witter, JD Sohngen, BL Fausey, NR AF Nair, Sujithkumar Surendran King, Kevin W. Witter, Jonathan D. Sohngen, Brent L. Fausey, Norman R. TI Importance of Crop Yield in Calibrating Watershed Water Quality Simulation Tools SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE SWAT; modeling; nutrients; crop yield; biomass; runoff ID RIVER-BASIN; MODEL; SOIL; VALIDATION; SWAT AB Watershed-scale water-quality simulation tools provide a convenient and economical means to evaluate the environmental impacts of conservation practices. However, confidence in the simulation tool's ability to accurately represent and capture the inherent variability of a watershed is dependent upon high quality input data and subsequent calibration. A four-stage iterative and rigorous calibration procedure is outlined and demonstrated for Soil Water Analysis Tool (SWAT) using data from Upper Big Walnut Creek (UBWC) watershed in central Ohio, USA. The four stages and the sequence of their application were: (1) parameter selection, (2) hydrology calibration, (3) crop yield calibration, and (4) nutrient loading calibration. Following the calibration, validation was completed on a 10 year period. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies for streamflow over the validation period were 0.5 for daily, 0.86 for monthly, and 0.87 for annual. Prediction efficiencies for crop yields during the validation period were 0.69 for corn, 0.54 for soybeans, and 0.61 for wheat. Nitrogen loading prediction efficiency was 0.66. Compared to traditional calibration approaches (no crop yield calibration), the four-stage approach (with crop yield calibration) produced improved prediction efficiencies, especially for nutrient balances. C1 [Nair, Sujithkumar Surendran] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [King, Kevin W.; Fausey, Norman R.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Witter, Jonathan D.] Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Sohngen, Brent L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Agr Environm & Dev Econ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Nair, SS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, 321B Morgan Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM surendran-nair.1@osu.edu NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 47 IS 6 BP 1285 EP 1297 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00570.x PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 859BV UT WOS:000297850000011 ER PT J AU Geden, CJ Steenberg, T Lietze, VU Boucias, DG AF Geden, C. J. Steenberg, T. Lietze, V. -U. Boucias, D. G. TI Salivary gland hypertrophy virus of house flies in Denmark: prevalence, host range, and comparison with a Florida isolate SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE House fly; table fly; Musca domestica; Stomoxys calcitrans; salivary gland; virus ID MUSCA-DOMESTICA DIPTERA; ENTOMOPHTHORA-MUSCAE; BEHAVIORAL FEVER; MUSCIDAE; FLY; PTEROMALIDAE; POPULATIONS; PARASITOIDS; HYMENOPTERA AB House flies (Musca domestica) infected with Musca domestica salivary gland hypertrophy virus (MdSGHV) were found in fly populations collected from 12 out of 18 Danish livestock farms that were surveyed in 2007 and 2008. Infection rates ranged from 0.5% to 5% and averaged 1.2%. None of the stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans), rat-tail maggot flies (Eristalis tenax) or yellow dung flies (Scathophaga stercoraria) collected from MdSGHV-positive farms displayed characteristic salivary gland hypertrophy (SGH). In laboratory transmission tests, SGH symptoms were not observed in stable flies, flesh flies (Sarcophaga bullata), black dump flies (Hydrotaea aenescens), or face flies (Musca autumnalis) that were injected with MdSGHV from Danish house flies. However, in two species (stable fly and black dump fly), virus injection resulted in suppression of ovarian development similar to that observed in infected house flies, and injection of house flies with homogenates prepared from the salivary glands or ovaries of these species resulted in MdSGHV infection of the challenged house flies. Mortality of virus-injected stable flies was the highest among the five species tested. Virulence of Danish and Florida isolates of MdSGHV was similar with three virus delivery protocols, as a liquid food bait (in sucrose, milk, or blood), sprayed onto the flies in a Potter spray tower, or by immersiion in a crude homogenate of infected house flies. The most effective delivery system was immersion in a homogenate of ten infected flies/ml of water, resulting in 56.2% and 49.6% infection of the house flies challenged with the Danish and Florida strains, respectively. C1 [Geden, C. J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Steenberg, T.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Integrated Pest Management, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Lietze, V. -U.; Boucias, D. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Geden, CJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM chris.geden@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 2 BP 231 EP 238 DI 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00163.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 861KL UT WOS:000298017700001 PM 22129394 ER PT J AU Carroll, JF Tabanca, N Kramer, M Elejalde, NM Wedge, DE Bernier, UR Coy, M Becnel, JJ Demirci, B Baser, KHC Zhang, J Zhang, S AF Carroll, John F. Tabanca, Nurhayat Kramer, Matthew Elejalde, Natasha M. Wedge, David E. Bernier, Ulrich R. Coy, Monique Becnel, James J. Demirci, Betul Baser, Kemal Husnu Can Zhang, Jian Zhang, Sui TI Essential oils of Cupressus funebris, Juniperus communis, and J. chinensis (Cupressaceae) as repellents against ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and as toxicants against mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lone star tick; Amblyomma americanum; blacklegged tick; Ixodes scapularis; yellow fever mosquito; Aedes aegypti; repellency; toxicant ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; LYME-DISEASE; CEDARWOOD OIL; AEDES-AEGYPTI; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PESTICIDES; PROTECTION; COMPONENTS; ANOPHELES AB Juniperus communis leaf oil, J. chinensis wood oil, and Cupressus funebris wood oil (Cupressaceae) from China were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We identified 104 compounds, representing 66.895.5% of the oils. The major components were: a-pinene (27.0%), a-terpinene (14.0%), and linalool (10.9%) for J. communis; cuparene (11.3%) and d-cadinene (7.8%) for J. chinensis; and a-cedrene (16.9%), cedrol (7.6%), and beta-cedrene (5.7%) for C. funebris. The essential oils of C. funebris, J. chinensis, and J. communis were evaluated for repellency against adult yellow fever mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.), host-seeking nymphs of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.), and the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, and for toxicity against Ae. aegypti larvae and adults, all in laboratory bioassays. All the oils were repellent to both species of ticks. The EC95 values of C. funebris, J. communis, and J. chinensis against A. americanum were 0.426, 0.508, and 0.917 mg oil/cm2 filter paper, respectively, compared to 0.683 mg deet/cm2 filter paper. All I. scapularis nymphs were repelled by 0.103 mg oil/cm2 filter paper of C. funebris oil. At 4 h after application, 0.827 mg oil/cm2 filter paper, C. funebris and J. chinensis oils repelled =80% of A. americanum nymphs. The oils of C. funebris and J. chinensis did not prevent female Ae. aegypti from biting at the highest dosage tested (1.500 mg/cm2). However, the oil of J. communis had a Minimum Effective Dosage (estimate of ED99) for repellency of 0.029 +/- 0.018 mg/cm2; this oil was nearly as potent as deet. The oil of J. chinensis showed a mild ability to kill Ae. aegypti larvae, at 80 and 100% at 125 and 250 ppm, respectively. C1 [Carroll, John F.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA, ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, USDA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Elejalde, Natasha M.; Bernier, Ulrich R.; Coy, Monique; Becnel, James J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Demirci, Betul; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Zhang, Jian] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Perfume & Aroma Technol, Shanghai 200235, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Sui] Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Shanghai 201106, Peoples R China. RP Carroll, JF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.carroll@ars.usda.gov RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; OI Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This study was supported in part by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program and the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). We thank J. L. McCrary and A. S. Khan, USDA, ARS, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, for carefully performing many of the tick bioassays. We are grateful to USDA, ARS, Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX, for providing A. americanum for bioassays. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 25 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 2 BP 258 EP 268 DI 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00166.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 861KL UT WOS:000298017700004 PM 22129397 ER PT J AU Tisgratog, R Tananchai, C Bangs, MJ Tainchum, K Juntarajumnong, W Prabaripai, A Chauhan, KR Pothikasikorn, J Chareonviriyaphap, T AF Tisgratog, Rungarun Tananchai, Chatchai Bangs, Michael J. Tainchum, Krajana Juntarajumnong, Waraporn Prabaripai, Atchariya Chauhan, Kamlesh R. Pothikasikorn, Jinrapa Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap TI Chemically induced behavioral responses in Anopheles minimus and Anopheles harrisoni in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Behavioral avoidance; bifenthrin; DEET; Anopheles minimus; Anopheles harrisoni; Thailand ID MALARIA VECTORS; EXCITO-REPELLENCY; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; WESTERN THAILAND; DISEASE-CONTROL; CULICIDAE; COMPLEX; DDT; DELTAMETHRIN AB Behavioral responses of female mosquitoes representing two species in the Minimus Complex exposed to an operational field dose of bifenthrin or DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) were described using an excito-repellency test system. Two test populations of An. minimus, one from the field (Tak Province, western Thailand), the other from a long-established laboratory colony, and Anopheles harrisoni collected from Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand, were used. Results showed that all test populations rapidly escaped after direct contact with surfaces treated with either bifenthrin or DEET compared to match-paired untreated controls. Greater escape response by exposed females to bifenthrin and DEET were observed in the An. minimus colony compared to the two field populations. Field-collected An. minimus demonstrated a more rapid escape response to DEET than to bifenthrin, whereas An. harrisoni showed a converse response. Although fewer females escaped from test chambers without direct contact with treated surfaces compared to contact tests, the spatial repellency response was significantly pronounced in all test populations compared to match-paired controls (P < 0.05). DEET was found to perform as both a contact stimulant and moderate spatial repellent. C1 [Tisgratog, Rungarun; Tananchai, Chatchai; Tainchum, Krajana; Juntarajumnong, Waraporn; Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [Bangs, Michael J.] PT Freeport Indonesia, Publ Hlth & Malaria Control Dept, Kuala Kencana 99920, Papua, Indonesia. [Prabaripai, Atchariya] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Liberal Arts & Sci, Dept Stat & Comp, Kamphaengsean 73140, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. [Chauhan, Kamlesh R.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pothikasikorn, Jinrapa] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. RP Chareonviriyaphap, T (reprint author), Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. EM faasthc@ku.ac.th FU Thailand Research Fund Organization [RTA528007]; Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute FX The Thailand Research Fund Organization (Senior Research Scholar Program: RTA528007) and the Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute funded this research. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 2 BP 321 EP 331 DI 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00172.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 861KL UT WOS:000298017700010 PM 22129403 ER PT J AU Cohnstaedt, LW Allan, SA AF Cohnstaedt, Lee W. Allan, Sandra A. TI Effects of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on the host-seeking behavior of female mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Culex quinquefasciatus; Aedes aegypti; Anopheles albimanus; pesticide exposure; host orientation ID APIS-MELLIFERA L; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; INSECTICIDES; DIPTERA; FLIGHT; DELTAMETHRIN; TRANSMISSION; PERMETHRIN; PESTICIDES; CULICIDAE AB A common method of adult mosquito control consists of residual application on surfaces and aerial spraying often using pyrethroids. However, not all insects that contact insecticides are killed. Sublethal exposure to neurotoxic compounds can negatively affect sensory organs and reduce efficiency of host location. Flight tracks of host-seeking female Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles albimanus, and Aedes aegypti in a wind tunnel were video-recorded to compare activation of host-seeking and patterns of flight orientation to host odors. During host-seeking flights, all three mosquito species differed significantly in flight duration, velocity, turn angle, and angular velocity. Mosquitoes were then exposed to sublethal levels (LD25) of pyrethroid insecticides to evaluate the effects of the neurotoxicants 24 hours post-exposure. Significant reductions in time of activation to flight and flight direction were observed in mosquitoes exposed to deltamethrin and permethrin. Additionally, pesticide-treated Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes flew significantly slower, spent more time in flight, and turned more frequently than untreated controls. C1 [Cohnstaedt, Lee W.; Allan, Sandra A.] USDA ARS CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Allan, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS CMAVE, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Sandy.Allan@ars.usda.gov FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Program FX We thank Erin Vrzal and Matt Aubuchon for assisting with experiments and Haze Brown for providing mosquitoes. This study was funded by the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Program. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 17 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 2 BP 395 EP 403 DI 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00180.x PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 861KL UT WOS:000298017700018 PM 22129411 ER PT J AU Muller, GC Hogsette, JA Kravchenko, VD Revay, EE Schlein, Y AF Mueller, Guenter C. Hogsette, Jerome A. Kravchenko, Vasiliy D. Revay, Edita E. Schlein, Yosef TI New records and ecological remarks regarding the tribe Stomoxyini (Diptera: Muscidae) from Israel SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STABLE FLY DIPTERA; LUMPY SKIN-DISEASE; MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION; HORN FLIES; TRYPANOSOMA; TRAPS C1 [Mueller, Guenter C.; Schlein, Yosef] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Fac Med, IMRIC,Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. [Hogsette, Jerome A.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Kravchenko, Vasiliy D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Zool, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Revay, Edita E.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Bruce Rappaport Fac Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, IL-31096 Haifa, Israel. RP Muller, GC (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Fac Med, IMRIC,Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. EM GunterCMuller@hotmail.com FU United States Department of the Army, Space and Missile Defense Command [W81R6000325007] FX The authors thank Mr. Schacht, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Germany, for encouraging us in this study and for his help in identifying part of the material. Dr. Amnon Freidberg, Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, shared his knowledge on the stomoxine biting flies previously known from Israel. This study was funded in part by the United States Department of the Army, Space and Missile Defense Command, Deployed War Fighters Protection Project (DWFP) grant W81R6000325007. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 2 BP 468 EP 470 DI 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2011.00192.x PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 861KL UT WOS:000298017700030 PM 22129423 ER PT J AU Pai, M Bruner, R Schlafer, DH Yarrow, GK Yoder, CA Miller, LA AF Pai, Murali Bruner, R. Schlafer, Donald H. Yarrow, Greg K. Yoder, Christi A. Miller, Lowell A. TI IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION IN EASTERN GRAY SQUIRRELS (SCIURUS CAROLINENSIS): MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES IN REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Eastern gray squirrels; GonaCon (TM); testicular and prostatic atrophy; immunocontraception; population control; Sciurus carolinensis ID MALE RATS; TOXICITY; VACCINES; TESTES AB Eastern gray squirrels (EGS) (Sciurus carolinensis) damage trees through bark stripping or gnawing due to territorial marking or agonistic gnawing behavior in concert with higher densities. This study was conducted to determine the effects of a contraceptive vaccine on EGS and its reproductive organ histology. Free-ranging urban EGS were vaccinated with the immunocontraceptive GonaCon (TM). All EGS were >= 6 mo of age as determined by a combination of pelage characteristics and body weights. The vaccine was administered by injection at a dosage rate of 0.4 ml containing 400 mu g of GnRH-mollusk protein conjugate i.m. in the thigh to 33 EGS (17 male [m], 16 female [f]) in trapping session 1 (TS1), 23 (14 m, 9 f) in trapping session 2 (TS2), and 11 (8 m, 3 f) in trapping session 3 (TS3). A sham injection containing 0.4 ml saline-AdjuVac (TM) was given as control to 22 EGS (16 m, 6f) in TS1, 20 (12 m, 8 f) in TS2, and 8 (4 m, 4 f) in TS3. In the last trapping session (TS4), 35 EGS (16 treated, 19 control) were killed for necropsy to evaluate histologic changes in testes and ovaries. Treated EGS males had testicular, prostatic, and epididymal atrophy compared with control EGS males. The tubuli seminiferi and prostatic glandular lumen of treated EGS males were atrophic, and the epididymal lumen contained no sperm cells. No histologic changes were observed in treated EGS females; however, females likely were not collected when changes due to GonaCon (TM) would have been observed. There were no observable histologic differences in the pituitary gland of treated and control EGS. There were no statistically significant differences in either testosterone or progesterone concentrations between control and treated EGS. Although there were no serious side effects to the vaccine, six EGS developed injection site abscesses. GonaCon (TM) may be a potential tool for EGS population control. C1 [Pai, Murali] N Slope Borough Dept Wildlife Management, Barrow, AK 99723 USA. [Bruner, R.] Res Pathol Associates LLC, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Schlafer, Donald H.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci, VRT T6 020, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Yarrow, Greg K.] Clemson Univ, Dept Foresty & Nat Resources, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Yoder, Christi A.; Miller, Lowell A.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Pai, M (reprint author), N Slope Borough Dept Wildlife Management, POB 69, Barrow, AK 99723 USA. EM ecovetpai@yahoo.com FU Jack H. Berryman Institute, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, USA; USDA National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA FX Funding for this project was provided, in part, by the Jack H. Berryman Institute, Mississippi State University, Mississippi, USA. Support was also provided by the USDA National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. We thank the Godley-Snell Research Center, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA, for technical support, as well as student volunteers at Clemson University who contributed to data collection. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 35 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 42 IS 4 BP 718 EP 722 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 867FJ UT WOS:000298440000024 PM 22204069 ER PT J AU Soares, HS Minervino, AHH Barreto, RA Neves, KAL Oliveira, MF Santos, JR van Sauers, AR Dubey, JP Gennari, SM AF Soares, Herbert S. Minervino, Antonio H. H. Barreto-Junior, Raimundo A. Neves, Kedson A. L. Oliveira, Moacir F. Santos, Jackelyne R. van Sauers, Astrid R. Dubey, Jitender P. Gennari, Solange M. TI OCCURRENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII ANTIBODIES IN DASYPROCTA AGUTI FROM BRAZIL: COMPARISON OF DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; modified agglutination test; indirect fluorescent antibody test; Dasyprocta aguti ID SEROPREVALENCE AB In this study, the occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in Brazilian agouti (Dasyprocta aguti) was compared by modified agglutination test (MAT) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) using anticapybara conjugate. Sera from 109 animals were tested using MAT (1:25 cut-off) and IFAT (1:16 cut-off); 19% were positive by MAT, and 18% were positive by IFAT. Overall, the 17 IFAT-positive samples were also positive for MAT. The four positive MAT samples with a titer <= 200 were IFAT negative. All negative samples obtained by MAT matched with the results of the IFAT. Comparing both tests, and considering MAT as the gold standard, the sensitivity of IFAT was 81%, the specificity was 100%, the accuracy was 97%, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, and the negative predictive value 96%. The kappa value agreement was 87.3% (75.1-99.6%). The anticapybara conjugate can be successfully used to perform IFAT in Brazilian agouti with maximum specificity and PPV. C1 [Soares, Herbert S.; Minervino, Antonio H. H.; Santos, Jackelyne R.; Gennari, Solange M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Barreto-Junior, Raimundo A.; Oliveira, Moacir F.] Univ Fed Rural Semi Arido, Dept Ciencias Anim, BR-59625900 Mossoro, RN, Brazil. [Minervino, Antonio H. H.; Neves, Kedson A. L.] Univ Fed Oeste Para, BR-68135110 Santarem, PA, Brazil. [van Sauers, Astrid R.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, NL-3584 CL Utrecht, Netherlands. [Dubey, Jitender P.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gennari, SM (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Av Prof Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM sgennari@usp.br RI Gennari, Solange/K-2447-2012; Minervino, Antonio/G-5512-2011 OI Gennari, Solange/0000-0001-7500-5277; Minervino, Antonio/0000-0002-6742-3652 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [480776/2008-3]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo FX This research was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq; process No. 480776/2008-3). S. M. Gennari, J. R. Santos, and A. H. H. Minervino are in receipt of a fellowship from CNPq, and H. S. Soares received a fellowship from Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 42 IS 4 BP 763 EP 765 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 867FJ UT WOS:000298440000035 PM 22204080 ER PT J AU Samaniuk, JR Wang, J Root, TW Scott, CT Klingenberg, DJ AF Samaniuk, J. R. Wang, J. Root, T. W. Scott, C. T. Klingenberg, D. J. TI Rheology of concentrated biomass SO KOREA-AUSTRALIA RHEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biomass; corn stover; rheology; yield stress; viscosity ID COLLOIDAL PROBE MICROSCOPY; HIGH-SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS; YIELD STRESS MEASUREMENT; FIBER SUSPENSIONS; CORN STOVER; SLURRIES; ETHANOL; FLOCCULATION; VISCOSITY; FRICTION AB Economic processing of lignocellulosic biomass requires handling the biomass at high solids concentration. This creates challenges because concentrated biomass behaves as a Bingham-like material with large yield stresses. Here we employ torque rheometry to measure the rheological properties of concentrated lignocellulosic biomass (corn stover). Yield stresses obtained using torque rheometry agree with those obtained using other rheometric methods, but torque rheometry can be used at much larger solids concentration (weight fractions of insoluble solids greater than 0.2). Yield stresses decrease with severity of hydrolysis, decrease when water-soluble polymers are added (for nonhydrolyzed biomass), and increase with particle length. Experimental results are qualitatively consistent with those obtained from particle-level simulations. C1 [Samaniuk, J. R.; Wang, J.; Root, T. W.; Klingenberg, D. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Samaniuk, J. R.; Wang, J.; Root, T. W.; Klingenberg, D. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Rheol Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Scott, C. T.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Klingenberg, DJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM klingen@engr.wisc.edu RI Samaniuk, Joseph/C-4773-2014 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [2006-35504-17401, 2010-65504-20406] FX This project was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (NRI award number 2006-35504-17401 and AFRI award number 2010-65504-20406). NR 62 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 31 PU KOREAN SOC RHEOLOGY PI SEOUL PA KOREA SCI TECHNOLOGY CENTER, 635-4 YUKSAM-DONG, STE 806, KANGNAM-GOO, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1226-119X J9 KOREA-AUST RHEOL J JI Korea-Aust. Rheol. J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 23 IS 4 BP 237 EP 245 DI 10.1007/s13367-011-0029-z PG 9 WC Mechanics; Polymer Science SC Mechanics; Polymer Science GA 873KX UT WOS:000298883300007 ER PT J AU Butler, JE Sun, XZ Wertz, N Lager, KM Chaloner, K Urban, J Francis, DL Nara, PL Tobin, GJ AF Butler, John E. Sun, Xuizhu Wertz, Nancy Lager, Kelly M. Chaloner, Kathryn Urban, Joseph, Jr. Francis, David L. Nara, Peter L. Tobin, Gregory J. TI Antibody repertoire development in fetal and neonatal piglets XXI. Usage of most VH genes remains constant during fetal and postnatal development SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE VH gene usage; Antigen independent; Developmental immunology; Piglet model ID HEAVY-CHAIN LOCUS; B-CELL; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; H GENES; PREIMMUNE REPERTOIRE; LYMPHOID-TISSUES; VARIABLE REGION; NEWBORN PIGLETS; IGG REPERTOIRE; FAMILY AB Usage of variable region gene segments during development of the antibody repertoire in mammals is unresolved in part because of the complexity of the locus in mice and humans and the difficulty of distinguishing intrinsic from extrinsic influences in these species. We present the first vertical studies on VU usage that spans the fetal and neonatal period using the piglet model. We tracked VH usage in DNA rearrangements and in VDJ transcripts throughout 75 days of gestation (DC) in outbred fetuses, thereafter in outbred germfree and colonized isolator piglets, isolator piglets infected with swine influenza and in conventionally reared nematode-infected adults. Seven VH genes account for >90% of the pre-immune repertoire which is the same among tissues and in both transcripts and DNA rearrangements. Statistical modeling supports the view that proportional usage of the major genes remains constant during fetal life and that postnatal usage ranking is similar to that during fetal life. Changes in usage ranking are developmental not antigen dependent. In this species exposure to environmental antigens results in diversification of the repertoire by somatic hypermutation of the same small number of VH genes that comprise the pre-immune repertoire, not by using other VH gene available in the germline. Therefore in swine a small number of VH genes shape the antibody repertoire throughout life questioning the need for extensive VH polygeny. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Butler, John E.; Sun, Xuizhu; Wertz, Nancy] Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Lager, Kelly M.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Div, Ames, IA USA. [Chaloner, Kathryn] Univ Iowa, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Urban, Joseph, Jr.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, BHNRC, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Francis, David L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Nara, Peter L.; Tobin, Gregory J.] Biol Mimet Inc, Frederick, MD USA. [Nara, Peter L.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Adv Host Def Immunobiot & Translat Comparat M, Ames, IA USA. RP Butler, JE (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM john-butler@uiowa.edu RI Chaloner, Kathryn/B-5090-2013; OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU Biological Mimetics; NSF [IOS 0077237]; National Porkboard [07-210] FX Research supported by a contract from Biological Mimetics, by NSF grant IOS 0077237 and grant 07-210 from the National Porkboard. NR 90 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 3 BP 483 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.09.018 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 872AV UT WOS:000298779700008 PM 22018637 ER PT J AU Birdsey, R Pan, YD AF Birdsey, Richard Pan, Yude TI ECOLOGY Drought and dead trees SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MORTALITY; FOREST C1 [Birdsey, Richard; Pan, Yude] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Birdsey, R (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM rbirdsey@fs.fed.us RI Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 1 IS 9 BP 444 EP 445 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 871LT UT WOS:000298740300013 ER PT J AU Lindsay, DS Dubey, JP AF Lindsay, D. S. Dubey, J. P. TI Toxoplasma gondii: the changing paradigm of congenital toxoplasmosis SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Toxoplasma gondii; congenital toxoplasmosis; genotypes; pregnancy ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; IMMUNOCOMPETENT WOMAN; PREPREGNANCY INFECTION; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; PREGNANCY; REINFECTION; GENOTYPE; IMMUNE; REACTIVATION; CONCEPTION AB Researchers have learned much concerning the population biology of Toxoplasma gondii over the past 2 decades. It is now apparent that many atypical genotypes exist besides the typical 3 genotypes (type I, type II and type III) first described from samples from Europe and the United States. These genotypes can differ in pathogenicity and transmissibility from the typical genotypes that have been used in the majority of scientific research over the past 70 years. These differences impact much of what we used to believe as facts about congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) and will be important in developing new recommendations for prevention of CT and the monitoring of women at risk for developing CT. The present review highlights new information on T. gondii genotypes and how this information will change the way we convey information about CT to pregnant women, physicians and students. C1 [Lindsay, D. S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] USDA, Anim Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lindsay, DS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, 1410 Prices Fork Rd, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM lindsayd@vt.edu RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 138 IS 14 BP 1829 EP 1831 DI 10.1017/S0031182011001478 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 865BB UT WOS:000298284500001 PM 21902872 ER PT J AU Minnis, AM Kennedy, AH Grenier, DB Rehner, SA Bischoff, JF AF Minnis, A. M. Kennedy, A. H. Grenier, D. B. Rehner, S. A. Bischoff, J. F. TI Asperisporium and Pantospora (Mycosphaerellaceae): epitypifications and phylogenetic placement SO PERSOONIA LA English DT Article DE Ascomycota; Capnodiales; Dothideomycetes; lectotype; pawpaw; Pseudocercospora ulmifoliae ID GENUS MYCOSPHAERELLA; RIBOSOMAL DNA; SUBUNIT; INFERENCE; MRBAYES; FUNGI; RPB2 AB The species-rich family Mycosphaerellaceae contains considerable morphological diversity and includes numerous anamorphic genera, many of which are economically important plant pathogens. Recent revisions and phylogenetic research have resulted in taxonomic instability. Ameliorating this problem requires phylogenetic placement of type species of key genera. We present an examination of the type species of the anamorphic Asperisporium and Pantospora. Cultures isolated from recent port interceptions were studied and described, and morphological studies were made of historical and new herbarium specimens. DNA sequence data from the ITS region and nLSU were generated from these type species, analysed phylogenetically, placed into an evolutionary context within Mycosphaerellaceae, and compared to existing phylogenies. Epitype specimens associated with living cultures and DNA sequence data are designated herein. Asperisporium caricae, the type of Asperisporium and cause of a leaf and fruit spot disease of papaya, is closely related to several species of Passalora including P. brachycarpa. The status of Asperisporium as a potential generic synonym of Passalora remains unclear. The monotypic genus Pantospora, typified by the synnematous Pantospora guazumae, is not included in Pseudocercospora sensu stricto or sensu lato. Rather, it represents a distinct lineage in the Mycosphaerellaceae in an unresolved position near Mycosphaerella microsora. C1 [Grenier, D. B.; Bischoff, J. F.] USDA APHIS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Minnis, A. M.; Rehner, S. A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kennedy, A. H.] USDA APHIS, Mol Diagnost Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bischoff, JF (reprint author), USDA APHIS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, B010A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Joe.Bischoff@aphis.usda.gov FU lectotype of Pantospora FX We thank Jorge A. Chayle and other staff at LPS for providing information about and images of the original material of Asperisporium caricae and permission to reproduce the image of the lectotype packet. Curators at K are acknowledged for their loan of the lectotype of Pantospora. Pedro W. Crous and Uwe Braun are thanked for their comments about preliminary phylogenetic trees and generic concepts. Amy Y. Rossman provided helpful comments to improve the manuscript prior to its submission. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU RIJKSHERBARIUM PI LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9514, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-5850 J9 PERSOONIA JI Persoonia PD DEC PY 2011 VL 27 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.3767/003158511X602071 PG 8 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 870KN UT WOS:000298668200001 PM 22403473 ER PT J AU Crous, PW Summerell, BA Swart, L Denman, S Taylor, JE Bezuidenhout, CM Palm, ME Marincowitz, S Groenewald, JZ AF Crous, P. W. Summerell, B. A. Swart, L. Denman, S. Taylor, J. E. Bezuidenhout, C. M. Palm, M. E. Marincowitz, S. Groenewald, J. Z. TI Fungal pathogens of Proteaceae SO PERSOONIA LA English DT Article DE biodiversity; cut-flower industry; fungal pathogens; ITS; LSU; phylogeny; systematics ID SOUTH-AFRICA; PHYLOGENETIC LINEAGES; PRIMER SETS; SP NOV.; MYCOSPHAERELLA; GENERA; PHOMA; GENUS; CALONECTRIA; MORPHOLOGY AB Species of Leucadendron, Leucospermum and Protea (Proteaceae) are in high demand for the international floriculture market due to their brightly coloured and textured flowers or bracts. Fungal pathogens, however, create a serious problem in cultivating flawless blooms. The aim of the present study was to characterise several of these pathogens using morphology, culture characteristics, and DNA sequence data of the rRNA-ITS and LSU genes. In some cases additional genes such as TEF 1-alpha and CHS were also sequenced. Based on the results of this study, several novel species and genera are described. Brunneosphaerella leaf blight is shown to be caused by three species, namely B. jonkershoekensis on Protea repens, B. nitidae sp. nov. on Protea nitida and B. protearum on a wide host range of Protea spp. (South Africa). Coniothyrium-like species associated with Coniothyrium leaf spot are allocated to other genera, namely Curreya grandicipis on Protea grandiceps, and Microsphaeropsis proteae on P. nitida (South Africa). Diaporthe leucospermi is described on Leucospermum sp. (Australia), and Diplodina microsperma newly reported on Protea sp. (New Zealand). Pyrenophora blight is caused by a novel species, Pyrenophora leucospermi, and not Drechslera biseptata or D. dematoidea as previously reported. Fusicladium proteae is described on Protea sp. (South Africa), Pestalotiopsis protearum on Leucospermum cuneiforme (Zimbabwe), Ramularia vizellae and R. stellenboschensis on Protea spp. (South Africa), and Teratosphaeria capensis on Protea spp. (Portugal, South Africa). Aureobasidium leaf spot is shown to be caused by two species, namely A. proteae comb. nov. on Protea spp. (South Africa), and A. leucospermi sp. nov. on Leucospermum spp. (Indonesia, Portugal, South Africa). Novel genera and species elucidated in this study include Gordonomyces mucovaginatus and Pseudopassalora gouriqua (hyphomycetes), and Xenoconiothyrium catenata (coelomycete), all on Protea spp. (South Africa). C1 [Crous, P. W.; Groenewald, J. Z.] CBS Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Summerell, B. A.] Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. [Crous, P. W.; Swart, L.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Plant Pathol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Denman, S.] Alice Holt Lodge, Forest Res, Farnham G10 4LH, Surrey, England. [Taylor, J. E.] Royal Bot Gardens Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland. [Bezuidenhout, C. M.] Agr Res Council, Hort Div, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Palm, M. E.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Mol Diagnost Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Crous, P. W.; Marincowitz, S.] Univ Pretoria, FABI, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Crous, PW (reprint author), CBS Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. EM p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl RI Groenewald, Johannes/F-4667-2011; Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Marincowitz, Seonju/A-9185-2008 OI Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; FU University of Stellenbosch FX The University of Stellenbosch is thanked for financial support to P. W. Crous during a recent collecting trip to the fynbos region in South Africa. Prof. dr U. Braun (Martin-Luther-Univ., Halle, Germany) is thanked for providing the Latin diagnoses. We thank the technical staff, Arien van Iperen (cultures), Marjan Vermaas (photographic plates), and Mieke Starink-Willemse (DNA isolation, amplification and sequencing) for their invaluable assistance. NR 104 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU RIJKSHERBARIUM PI LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9514, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-5850 J9 PERSOONIA JI Persoonia PD DEC PY 2011 VL 27 BP 20 EP 45 DI 10.3767/003158511X606239 PG 26 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 870KN UT WOS:000298668200003 PM 22403475 ER PT J AU Zhang, YX Equiza, MA Zheng, QS Tyree, MT AF Zhang, Yanxiang Equiza, Maria Alejandra Zheng, Quanshui Tyree, Melvin T. TI Factors controlling plasticity of leaf morphology in Robinia pseudoacacia: III. biophysical constraints on leaf expansion under long-term water stress SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; CELL; DEFICIT; HEIGHT; TURGOR; ELONGATION; SUNFLOWER; FOREST; LEAVES; TREES C1 [Zhang, Yanxiang; Equiza, Maria Alejandra; Tyree, Melvin T.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Zhang, Yanxiang; Zheng, Quanshui] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Tyree, Melvin T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. RP Tyree, MT (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, 444 ESB, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. EM mel.tyree@ales.ualberta.ca RI maosheng , cimu/P-2261-2014 FU United States Forest Service; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30070637] FX The authors thank Bruce Alexander, Greenhouse Manager of ALES Faculty, University of Alberta, for his valuable support M. T. T wishes to thank the United States Forest Service for salary support, while working at the University of Alberta, which made this study possible. Y. X. Z. wishes to thank the China Scholarship Council for travel costs to Canada and thanks to Tsinghua University for granting leave to study at University of Alberta as a jointly trained PIA D student for 18 months. This study was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30070637). NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 143 IS 4 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2011.01504.x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 861RS UT WOS:000298037500006 PM 21848653 ER PT J AU Cavatorta, J Perez, KW Gray, SM Van Eck, J Yeam, I Jahn, M AF Cavatorta, Jason Perez, Kari W. Gray, Stewart M. Van Eck, Joyce Yeam, Inhwa Jahn, Molly TI Engineering virus resistance using a modified potato gene SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE eIF4E; Potato virus Y; Tobacco etch virus; potyvirus; Solanaceae; disease resistance ID TRANSLATION INITIATION-FACTORS; RECESSIVE POTYVIRUS RESISTANCE; TISSUE CULTURES; PLANT-VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; FACTOR EIF4E; PVR1 LOCUS; RNA VIRUS; Y PVY; 4E AB Natural mutations in translation initiation factor eIF4E confer resistance to potyviruses in many plant species. Potato is a staple food crop plagued by several potyviruses, yet to date no known eIF4E-mediated resistance genes have been identified. In this study, we demonstrate that transgenic expression of the pvr1(2) gene from pepper confers resistance to Potato virus Y (PVY) in potato. We then use this information to convert the susceptible potato ortholog of this allele into a de novo allele for resistance to PVY using site-directed mutagenesis. Potato plants overexpressing the mutated potato allele are resistant to virus infection. Resistant lines expressed high levels of eIF4E mRNA and protein. The resistant plants showed growth similar to untransformed controls and produced phenotypically similar tubers. This technique disrupts a key step in the viral infection process and may potentially be used to engineer virus resistance in a number of economically important plant-viral pathosystems. Furthermore, the general public may be more amenable to the 'intragenic' nature of this approach because the transferred coding region is modified from a gene in the target crop rather than from a distant species. C1 [Jahn, Molly] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Yeam, Inhwa] Andong Natl Univ, Dept Hort & Breeding, Andongsi, Gyeongsangbukdo, South Korea. [Van Eck, Joyce] Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY USA. [Gray, Stewart M.] ARS, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. [Cavatorta, Jason; Perez, Kari W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Jahn, M (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Genet Lab, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjahn@cals.wisc.edu RI Van Eck, Joyce/E-2291-2012 FU NSF [DBI-0218166]; USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research; USDA National Research Initiative [94-37300-0333]; USDA Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems [2001-52100-113347]; National Potato Council FX We thank M. Kreitinger, D. Smith, B. Conlin, P. Keen, N. Moskal, M. Weinreich, G. Inzinna, E. Gomez, G. Moriarty, B. Beeman, M. Fink, N. Vail, J. Jantz, S. Anthony, J. Ingram and M. Mazourek for critical technical assistance and support. This work was supported by grants from the NSF Plant Genome Research Program DBI-0218166, the USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program, the USDA National Research Initiative Competitive Grant Program Plant Genome Award 94-37300-0333, the USDA Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems Award 2001-52100-113347 and the National Potato Council. NR 53 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1467-7644 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 9 BP 1014 EP 1021 DI 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00622.x PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 860IJ UT WOS:000297941700009 PM 21668622 ER PT J AU Fang, DD Stetina, SR AF Fang, David D. Stetina, Salliana R. TI Improving cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plant resistance to reniform nematodes by pyramiding Ren(1) and Ren(2) SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE cotton; reniform nematode resistance; microsatellite markers; Gossypium aridum; Gossypium longicalyx ID ROTYLENCHULUS-RENIFORMIS; GENOME STRUCTURE; MAP; INTROGRESSION; POPULATION; BARBADENSE; LONGICALYX; GERMPLASM; CULTIVARS; EVOLUTION AB Reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) has become a major pest of cotton in the mid-south area of the United States. Resistance genes, Ren(1) and Ren(2) from Gossypium longicalyx and Gossypium aridum, respectively, have been identified and introduced into Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). We developed an F-2 population of 184 progeny plants by crossing Ren(2)-containing plants with a LONREN-2 plant that had the resistance gene Ren(1). The F-2 plants were evaluated for their resistance to reniform nematodes in a growth chamber. Microsatellite markers BNL2662 and BNL3279 were analysed to assist the selection of proper parental plants and F-1 progeny and to study the segregation of the resistance genes in the F-2 population. Our results suggested that Ren(1) and Ren(2) were duplicate genes with Ren(1) residing on chromosome 11 (A subgenome) and Ren(2) on chromosome 21 (D subgenome). F-2 plants containing either Ren(1) or Ren(2) had significantly fewer nematodes than the susceptible Upland cotton genotype. No significant difference in nematode resistance was found between plants containing Ren(1) and those having Ren(2), indicating that these two genes may have similar resistance mechanisms. Plants containing both Ren(1) and Ren(2) appeared to have higher resistance than those with just one of the genes, and pyramiding these two genes may be a valuable tool to cotton breeders when managing this pest. C1 [Fang, David D.] ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Stetina, Salliana R.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Fang, DD (reprint author), ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM david.fang@ars.usda.gov OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, CRIS [6402-22000-005-00D] FX The authors thank K. Jordan, M. Gafford, R. Jordan and S. Simpson for their technical assistance. We also greatly thank two anonymous reviewers who made excellent suggestions for revising the manuscript. This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, CRIS project number 6402-22000-005-00D. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product or vendor does not constitute a guarantee by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0179-9541 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 130 IS 6 BP 673 EP 678 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2011.01889.x PG 6 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 863JP UT WOS:000298159000011 ER PT J AU Mott, IW Larson, SR Bushman, BS AF Mott, I. W. Larson, S. R. Bushman, B. S. TI Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for Elymus, Pseudoroegneria and Pascopyrum species (Triticeae: Gramineae) SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE Elymus; genetic diversity; molecular markers; SSR ID PERENNIAL TRITICEAE; AMERICAN ELYMUS; POACEAE; CANADENSIS; HYBRIDS; ORIGIN; GENERA AB The Triticeae tribe (Poaceae) includes several important cereal crops, cultivated forages, annual and perennial grass weeds and ecologically diverse native North American grasses. Elymus L. is the largest and most complex genus in the Triticeae tribe with approximately 150 polyploid perennial grass species occurring worldwide. The genomic constitutions of approximately 40% of the Elymus species are unknown. Molecular markers are needed to facilitate genetic analysis of diversity and functional traits in these species. We have developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for use in Elymus based on Elymus expressed sequence tag sequences. To test the polymorphic content and transferability of these SSRs, 100 SSR primer pairs were tested on 84 plants representing seven North American Elymus, Pseudoroegneria and Pascopyrum species. The number of bands produced from each of the SSRs ranged from 1 to 11 with an average of 4.3 bands/SSR. A subset of the 23 most polymorphic SSRs produced 142 bands, an average of 6.2 bands/SSR. Binary data from the 100 SSRs successfully separated all individuals into their respective accessions in a neighbour-joining phylogram with a 100% confidence interval. Analysis of molecular variance showed that 29.9% of the total variation was within and 70.1% was among the accessions. These SSRs will be a useful tool for investigating genetic diversity, genome constitutions and molecular mapping in Elymus and other Triticeae grasses. C1 [Mott, I. W.; Larson, S. R.; Bushman, B. S.] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Mott, IW (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM ivan.mott@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 4 BP 489 EP 494 DI 10.1017/S1479262111000694 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 869ZX UT WOS:000298640000001 ER PT J AU Baldo, AM Francis, DM Caramante, M Robertson, LD Labate, JA AF Baldo, Angela M. Francis, David M. Caramante, Martina Robertson, Larry D. Labate, Joanne A. TI AlleleCoder: a PERL script for coding co-dominant polymorphism data for PCA SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE genetic diversity; principal component analysis; single nucleotide polymorphism; SNP AB A useful biological interpretation of diploid heterozygotes is in terms of the dose of the common allele (0, 1 or 2 copies). We have developed a PERL script that converts FASTA files into coded spreadsheets suitable for principal component analysis. In combination with R and R Commander, two- and three-dimensional plots can be generated for visualizing genetic relationships. Such plots are useful for characterizing plant genetic resources. This method nicely illustrated the spectrum of genetic diversity in tomato landraces and the varieties categorized according to human-mediated dispersal. C1 [Baldo, Angela M.; Robertson, Larry D.; Labate, Joanne A.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Francis, David M.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Caramante, Martina] Univ Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Suolo Pianta Ambiente & Prod Ani, I-80055 Naples, Italy. RP Baldo, AM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Unit, 630 W N St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM angela.baldo@ars.usda.gov RI Liedl, Barbara/B-6383-2011 FU Tomato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC), CRIS [1910-21 000-019-00D]; USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-85 606-05 673] FX We thank Susan M. Sheffer, Paul W. Kisly and Warren F. Lamboy for excellent technical assistance. This research was supported by the Tomato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC), CRIS Project no. 1910-21 000-019-00D and by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Applied Plant Genomics CAP Program of USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture Grant no. 2009-85 606-05 673. Proposal no. 2010-03 613. Solanaceae Coordinated Agricultural Project (SolCAP), 'Translating Solanaceae sequence diversity and trait variation into applied outcomes through integrative research, education, and extension'. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 4 BP 528 EP 530 DI 10.1017/S1479262111000839 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 869ZX UT WOS:000298640000006 ER PT J AU Rohrmann, J Tohge, T Alba, R Osorio, S Caldana, C McQuinn, R Arvidsson, S van der Merwe, MJ Riano-Pachon, DM Mueller-Roeber, B Fei, ZJ Nesi, AN Giovannoni, JJ Fernie, AR AF Rohrmann, Johannes Tohge, Takayuki Alba, Rob Osorio, Sonia Caldana, Camila McQuinn, Ryan Arvidsson, Samuel van der Merwe, Margaretha J. Riano-Pachon, Diego Mauricio Mueller-Roeber, Bernd Fei, Zhangjun Nesi, Adriano Nunes Giovannoni, James J. Fernie, Alisdair R. TI Combined transcription factor profiling, microarray analysis and metabolite profiling reveals the transcriptional control of metabolic shifts occurring during tomato fruit development SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE transcription factor; Solanum lycopersicum; quantitative RT-PCR; microarray; metabolomics; fleshy fruit ripening ID FLAVONOID BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; HIGH-PIGMENT; HIGH-PIGMENT-1 MUTANT; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INTEGRATED ANALYSIS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RIPENING-INHIBITOR; STRAWBERRY FRUIT; GENE-EXPRESSION; APPLE FRUIT AB Maturation of fleshy fruits such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is subject to tight genetic control. Here we describe the development of a quantitative real-time PCR platform that allows accurate quantification of the expression level of approximately 1000 tomato transcription factors. In addition to utilizing this novel approach, we performed cDNA microarray analysis and metabolite profiling of primary and secondary metabolites using GC-MS and LC-MS, respectively. We applied these platforms to pericarp material harvested throughout fruit development, studying both wild-type Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig and the hp1 mutant. This mutant is functionally deficient in the tomato homologue of the negative regulator of the light signal transduction gene DDB1 from Arabidopsis, and is furthermore characterized by dramatically increased pigment and phenolic contents. We choose this particular mutant as it had previously been shown to have dramatic alterations in the content of several important fruit metabolites but relatively little impact on other ripening phenotypes. The combined dataset was mined in order to identify metabolites that were under the control of these transcription factors, and, where possible, the respective transcriptional regulation underlying this control. The results are discussed in terms of both programmed fruit ripening and development and the transcriptional and metabolic shifts that occur in parallel during these processes. C1 [Rohrmann, Johannes; Tohge, Takayuki; Osorio, Sonia; Caldana, Camila; van der Merwe, Margaretha J.; Riano-Pachon, Diego Mauricio; Mueller-Roeber, Bernd; Nesi, Adriano Nunes; Fernie, Alisdair R.] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Alba, Rob; McQuinn, Ryan; Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Alba, Rob; McQuinn, Ryan; Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Arvidsson, Samuel; Mueller-Roeber, Bernd] Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. RP Fernie, AR (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, Muehlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. EM fernie@mpimp-golm.mpg.de RI Caldana, Camila /C-4660-2012; Riano-Pachon, Diego/A-1755-2010; Van Der Merwe, Margaretha/C-6501-2013; Osorio, Sonia/M-2258-2014; OI Caldana, Camila /0000-0003-3639-0621; Riano-Pachon, Diego/0000-0001-9803-3465; Osorio, Sonia/0000-0002-0159-6091 FU German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung under the Genome Analysis of the Plant Biological System Initiative (GABI); National Science Foundation [DBI-0820612, DBI-0923312] FX We thank to Dr Alvaro Cuadros Inostroza (Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology) for excellent advice on preparation of network analysis. We are most grateful to the German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung for funding under the Genome Analysis of the Plant Biological System Initiative (GABI), and to the National Science Foundation (grants DBI-0820612 and DBI-0923312) for funding to J.J.G. NR 109 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 69 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 68 IS 6 BP 999 EP 1013 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04750.x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 862LZ UT WOS:000298094000007 PM 21851430 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Li, S Zhou, LZ Fox, E Pao, J Sun, W Zhou, C McCormick, S AF Zhang, Yan Li, Sha Zhou, Liang-Zi Fox, Emily Pao, James Sun, Wei Zhou, Chao McCormick, Sheila TI Overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana PTEN caused accumulation of autophagic bodies in pollen tubes by disrupting phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate dynamics SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE autophagy; phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; phosphatase; endosome; N-myristoylation; tobacco ID LIVING PLANT-CELLS; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; POLARIZED GROWTH; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; PROTEIN; VACUOLE; 3-KINASE; PATHWAY; YEAST; GERMINATION AB Autophagy is a pathway in eukaryotes by which nutrient remobilization occurs through bulk protein and organelle turnover. Autophagy not only aides cells in coping with harsh environments but also plays a key role in many physiological processes that include pollen germination and tube growth. Most autophagic components are conserved among eukaryotes, but phylum-specific molecular components also exist. We show here that Arabidopsis thaliana PTEN, a protein and lipid dual phosphatase homologous to animal PTENs (phosphatase and tensin homologs deleted on chromosome 10), regulates autophagy in pollen tubes by disrupting the dynamics of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). The pollen-specific PTEN bound PI3P in vitro and was localized at PI3P-positive vesicles. Overexpression of PTEN caused accumulation of autophagic bodies and resulted in gametophytic male sterility. Such an overexpression effect was dependent upon its lipid phosphatase activity and was inhibited by exogenous PI3P or by expression of a class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) that produced PI3P. Overexpression of PTEN disrupted the dynamics of autophagosomes and a subpopulation of endosomes, as shown by altered localization patterns of respective fluorescent markers. Treatment with wortmannin, an inhibitor of class III PI3K, mimicked the effects by PTEN overexpression, which implied a critical role for PI3P dynamics in these processes. Despite sharing evolutionarily conserved catalytic domains, plant PTENs contain regulatory sequences that are distinct from those of animal PTENs, which might underlie their differing membrane association and thereby function. Our results show that PTEN regulates autophagy through phylum-specific molecular mechanisms. C1 [Zhang, Yan; Li, Sha; Zhou, Liang-Zi; Sun, Wei; Zhou, Chao] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yan; Fox, Emily; Pao, James; McCormick, Sheila] Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Zhang, Yan; Fox, Emily; Pao, James; McCormick, Sheila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM yzhang@sdau.edu.cn; sheilamc@berkeley.edu OI McCormick, Sheila/0000-0001-9106-9385 FU United States Department of Agriculture [5335-21000-030-00D]; Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of China [2007CB947600]; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai-Shan Scholar program FX We appreciate the kind gifts of the ProLAT52:2XFYVE-mRFP construct (Helling et al., 2006) from Dr Benedikt Kost, of the ProLAT52:ERD2-GFP construct (Cheung and Wu, 2007) from Dr Alice Cheung, purified GST-PTEN (Gupta et al., 2002) from Dr Sheng Luan and purified GST from Dr Weimin Ni. T-DNA insertion mutants were obtained from the ABRC (http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/similar to plantbio/Facilities/abrc/abrchome.htm). This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System (grant #5335-21000-030-00D) to SM, by a grant (2007CB947600) from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of China to YZ, and by start-up funds from Shandong Agricultural University. YZ is supported by the Tai-Shan Scholar program. EF and JP were UC-Berkeley URAP (undergraduate research apprentice program) students. NR 55 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 68 IS 6 BP 1081 EP 1092 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04761.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 862LZ UT WOS:000298094000014 PM 21883549 ER PT J AU Brown, CR AF Brown, Charles R. TI The Contribution of Traditional Potato Breeding to Scientific Potato Improvement SO POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Triennial Conference of the European-Association-for-Potato-Research CY JUL 24-29, 2011 CL Oulu, FINLAND SP European Assoc Potato Res DE 2n pollen; Co-ancestry; Heterozygosity; Neotuberosum; Resistance breeding ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; EUROPEAN POTATO; INTROGRESSED RESISTANCE; MELOIDOGYNE-CHITWOODI; CULTIVATED POTATO; CHLOROPLAST DNA; COLUMBIA; ORIGIN; LINES AB Conventional potato breeding refers to development of new cultivars from sexual crosses followed by clonal propagation and selection. Nearly all new varieties of potato still emerge from this process free from modern technologies of gene insertion. Conventional breeding remains the most important force for introduction of new phenotypes underlain by new genes. However, these come from already selected potato breeding lines or named varieties or from wild potatoes or more distant solanaceous relatives that are amenable to somatic hybridization. Potato breeders are constantly searching for new germplasm, in part because the potato as a crop still remains highly vulnerable to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, the widening of the genetic base is seen as a means of increasing heterozygosity. Despite a highly conscious import of genetic variability, commercial varieties often emerge from a relatively restricted genetic pool. This is due to the long list of traits that must fall within narrow boundaries of performance. The potato must be able to navigate the conditions of modern agriculture, withstand unusual weather events, and arrive at harvest with skin and flesh appealing to the market for which it is intended. A storage period must also be endured during which appearance and suitability for processing or the consumer's kitchen must be maintained. A lapse in any of these phases usually signals that a new variety will exit commercial use as fast as it entered. The inconvenient accompaniment of introducing exotic genetic variation is that the breeding products are often outside of the targeted market niche. It is not surprising that many new varieties stem from crosses from older named varieties. Efforts to diversify are in conflict with conformism leading to relatively high co-ancestry coefficients between advanced breeding lines. Conventional breeding has advanced through the last hundred years the appearance, sugar status, Verticillium resistance, and yield of larger sized tubers in statistically robust ways. Potato arrived from the new world and very quickly became the secret solution to famine for the poor by virtue of its productivity and nutrient content. Meanwhile, in modern times, challenges to the consumption of potato come from a sedentary and carbohydrate over-satiated society. The genetic repository of potato germplasm is so rich that a new era of potato varieties beneficial to health may be at hand. Conventional breeding will certainly be a major part of this. C1 USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Brown, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM chuck.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-3065 J9 POTATO RES JI Potato Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 54 IS 4 SI SI BP 287 EP 300 DI 10.1007/s11540-011-9199-9 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 869ND UT WOS:000298604000002 ER PT J AU Lim, C Li, EC Klesius, PH AF Lim, Chhorn Li, Erchao Klesius, Phillip H. TI Distiller's dried grains with solubles as an alternative protein source in diets of tilapia SO REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE distiller's dried grains with solubles; inclusion level; lysine supplementation; nutrient content; nutritional value ID OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; ETHANOL COPRODUCTS; CHANNEL CATFISH; GROWTH-RESPONSE; NILE TILAPIA; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; CORN; RESISTANCE; WHEAT AB Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), a dried residue that remains after the fermentation of grain mash by selected yeasts and enzymes to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide, is currently readily available and less expensive than other conventional protein sources on a per unit protein basis. The nutrient content and nutritional value of DDGS varies with the source and quality of the grains, fermentation time and efficiency, the drying process and the quantity of distillers solubles added. In general, corn and wheat DDGS are deficient in lysine and methionine for tilapia, with lysine being the most limiting. Research evaluating the nutritional value of DDGS showed that 2030% DDGS derived from corn or wheat can be included in tilapia diets without requiring lysine supplementation. With supplementation of lysine, DDGS at levels of 40% or higher can be used without affecting growth performance and feed utilization efficiency. Distillers dried grains with solubles also contain yeast, a rich source of beta glucan and nucleotides that have been reported to enhance immunity and disease resistance in fish. Corn DDGS, owing to its high oil content, is rich in linoleic acid and is an excellent source of energy and essential fatty acids for tilapia. High concentrations of xanthophylls present in corn DDGS may impart yellow pigment in fish flesh if included at high levels. Taking into consideration various factors affecting the nutritional value of diets and the quality of pellet and fish products, 1520% DDGS appears to be optimum in the diets of tilapia. C1 [Lim, Chhorn; Li, Erchao; Klesius, Phillip H.] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Lim, C (reprint author), ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM chhorn.lim@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1753-5123 J9 REV AQUACULT JI Rev. Aquac. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 4 BP 172 EP 178 DI 10.1111/j.1753-5131.2011.01054.x PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 863JJ UT WOS:000298158300002 ER PT J AU Busscher, WJ Novak, JM Ahmedna, M AF Busscher, Warren J. Novak, Jeff M. Ahmedna, Mohamed TI Physical Effects of Organic Matter Amendment of a Southeastern US Coastal Loamy Sand SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; soil amendment; organic carbon; Coastal Plain; penetration resistance ID SOIL AGGREGATE STABILITY; DEEP TILLAGE; CARBON; WATER; STRENGTH; BIOCHAR; VALUES; YIELD AB We tested 12 organic sources as amendments for E horizon and a mixture of E and Bt horizons of a southeastern coastal loamy sand. Amendments were intended to increase carbon and improve soil physical properties. Amendments included biochar, cellulose, corn (Zea mays L.) stalk, corn starch, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hull, cotton meal, manure residual, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) hull, poultry litter, soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) plant, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw, and wood shavings. Amendments were added at a rate of similar to 1% (wt wt(-1)) or similar to 22 Mg ha(-1) organic carbon content to 450 g soil and incubated in a laboratory for 60 days. Cellulose, corn stalk, and corn starch amendments had the most dry-sieved aggregation at 35% versus the control, peanut hull, poultry litter, wood shavings, and biochar, which had the least at 21%. Biochar, wood shavings, and corn starch-amended treatments had the highest penetration resistances at 0.25 to 0.38 MPa above the mean; cellulose and cotton meal had the lowest at 0.24 to 0.32 MPa below the mean. Poultry litter and manure residual-amended treatments needed the least amount of water added to maintain 0.1 (wt wt(-1)); cellulose, biochar, and soybean plant needed the most. All needed less than the control. Mixing Bt horizon into the E improved most physical properties. All amendments improved some physical properties-more carbon, more aggregation, or reduced soil penetration resistance. Biochar retained 26% of its carbon, more than other amendments that retained 13% to 23%. C1 [Busscher, Warren J.; Novak, Jeff M.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Ahmedna, Mohamed] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Human Environm & Family Sci, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. RP Busscher, WJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM warren.busscher@ars.usda.gov OI Ahmedna, Mohamed/0000-0001-8727-4300 FU US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (ARS); ARS-GRACEnet FX This publication is based on work supported by the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and the ARS-GRACEnet project. The authors thank Mr. Don Watts, Ms. Sheeneka Green, Dr. M. A. S. Niandou, and Mr. Dean Evans for laboratory assistance. NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 45 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 176 IS 12 BP 661 EP 667 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e3182357ca9 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 863FQ UT WOS:000298148600004 ER PT J AU Adeli, A Tewolde, H Rowe, DE Sistani, KR AF Adeli, Ardeshir Tewolde, Haile Rowe, Dennis E. Sistani, Karamat R. TI Continuous and Residual Effects of Broiler Litter Application to Cotton on Soil Properties SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Residual nutrient; broiler litter; soil properties; continuous; discontinuous ID DAIRY-CATTLE MANURE; POULTRY LITTER; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; NO-TILL; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; LINT YIELD; PHOSPHORUS; CORN; NITROGEN AB The residual effect of broiler litter on soil properties is not well documented. Field studies were conducted in Coffeeville on an Ariel silt loam soil and Cruger on a Dubbs silt loam soil to evaluate the residual effect of repeated broiler litter application to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) on soil properties. Broiler litter was applied at 0, 2.2, 4.5, and 6.7 Mg ha(-1) and 4.5 Mg ha(-1) plus 67 kg N ha(-1) from 2002 to 2007. Phosphorus and K were applied as recommended by the Mississippi Soil Testing Laboratory. After 3 years of consecutive applications, in 2005 each plot was divided into two equal sub-plots where one half continued to receive the same treatments, whereas the other one half was not fertilized from 2005 to 2007. Soil samples were taken from all plots at the end of the experiment in 2007. Continuous broiler litter application over 6 years increased soil total C, N, microbial biomass C, and soil test P levels at both locations. However, soil bulk density was reduced at the highest broiler litter application rates only at Coffeeville. Three years after broiler litter application was terminated, at rates greater than 2.2 Mg ha(-1) soil pH, total soil C and N, microbial biomass C, and soil test P levels were still greater than the control at Coffeeville location. In this study, we have shown that after 3 years broiler litter application to cotton resulted in positive residual effects on the soil nutrient pool and maintained soil fertility levels, particularly under no-till system. C1 [Adeli, Ardeshir; Tewolde, Haile] ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Rowe, Dennis E.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Sistani, Karamat R.] ARS, USDA, Bowling Green, KY USA. RP Adeli, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM ardeshir.adeli@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 176 IS 12 BP 668 EP 675 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e3182343507 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 863FQ UT WOS:000298148600005 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Zhang, HL Zhang, MC AF He, Zhongqi Zhang, Hailin Zhang, Mingchu TI Irrigation-Induced Changes in Phosphorus Fractions of Caribou Sandy Loam Soil Under Different Potato Cropping Systems SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Soil P fraction; potato; crop rotation; irrigation ID POULTRY LITTER; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; DAIRY MANURE; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; HEDLEY FRACTIONATION; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; SWINE MANURE; LAND-USE; DYNAMICS; TRANSFORMATIONS AB Sequential fractionation is a common method used in evaluating the impacts of soil management practices on soil phosphorus (P) distribution. However, to our knowledge, this method has not been used in investigating the effects of irrigation on the changes in soil P fractions. In this work, we measured sequentially extracted P by deionized H(2)O, 0.5 M sodium bicarbonate (pH 8.5), 0.1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) in Caribou sandy loam soil samples from 10 potato fields under different 3-year crop rotations both with and without irrigation. As inorganic fertilizer was applied to these fields, irrigation and rotation management practices mainly affected the distribution of inorganic P fractions, but had no significant changes of organic P fractions. The impact of crop rotation was mainly reflected by H(2)O-extractable P. Irrigation had greater influence on stable or recalcitrant P in NaOH, HCl, and residual fractions. Higher levels of NaOH-extractable inorganic P were observed in soil from rainfed fields, whereas higher levels of HCl-extractable P were observed in soils under irrigated management. Our data indicate that irrigation may eventually decrease P availability and runoff potential in these potato soils over the long term because of the partial transfer of P in the sink from the active NaOH fraction to more stable HCl and residual fractions. Whereas information and knowledge derived from this study may shed some light on the transformation mechanism of soil P fractions for sustainable agricultural production, more field data from short-and long-term experiments are needed to confirm our observations. C1 [He, Zhongqi] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA. [Zhang, Hailin] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Zhang, Mingchu] Univ Alaska, Dept High Latitude Agr, Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA. EM Zhongqi.He@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 176 IS 12 BP 676 EP 683 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e318233e5cd PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 863FQ UT WOS:000298148600006 ER PT J AU Elliott, NC Kieckhefer, RW Phoofolo, MW AF Elliott, Norman C. Kieckhefer, Robert W. Phoofolo, Mpho W. TI Functional Response of Hippodamia convergens to Sitobion avenae on Wheat Plants in the Laboratory SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID GREENBUGS HOMOPTERA; INDIGENOUS COCCINELLIDS; APHIDIDAE; SORGHUM AB We investigated predation by adult convergent lady beetle, Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, on English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae L., on wheat, Triticum aestivum L., plants in a laboratory arena and developed a functional response model for the number of aphids eaten by an adult female convergent lady beetle. We observed the foraging activity of 56 female convergent lady beetles, and a combined total of 1,167 plant visits by those beetles. Beetle hunger and the number of aphids per plant were significantly correlated with the time spent searching a wheat plant and the number of aphids eaten during the plant visit. Partial correlation coefficients for hunger after adjusting for the effect of the number of aphids per plant were not significant for the time spent searching a plant or for the number of aphids eaten during a plant visit. Among the variables measured, knowledge of the number of aphids per plant was sufficient for predicting searching time and predation. A Holling Type II functional-response model was developed and tested for convergent lady beetles foraging on English grain aphids. Comparison of the expected versus observed proportions of English grain aphids eaten showed no statistically significant bias in model predictions, thus indicating that the model provided a reasonable description of the functional response. However, variation in observed versus predicted predation rates was evident, which may reflect the inherent variability in all aspects of the foraging process by the beetles. C1 [Elliott, Norman C.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Kieckhefer, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Phoofolo, Mpho W.] Natl Univ Lesotho, Dept Biol, Lesotho, Roma, Lesotho. RP Elliott, NC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 4 BP 423 EP 431 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 875IQ UT WOS:000299024000004 ER PT J AU Kirkbride, JH Olsen, RT AF Kirkbride, Joseph H., Jr. Olsen, Richard T. TI Neotypification of Catalpa speciosa (Bignoniaceae) SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE Catalpa bignonioides var. speciosa; Catalpa speciosa; neotypification; nomenclature AB The valid publication and typification of Catalpa speciosa are discussed. The valid publication of C. bignonioides var. speciosa is clarified. Its first apparent neotypification is shown to be invalid, and a neotype is designated here for the name. C1 [Kirkbride, Joseph H., Jr.; Olsen, Richard T.] ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Washington, DC 20002 USA. RP Kirkbride, JH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, 3501 New York Ave NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM joseph.kirkbride@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 6 BP 1760 EP 1763 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 867JY UT WOS:000298451900019 ER PT J AU Stewart, KM Bowyer, RT Dick, BL Kie, JG AF Stewart, Kelley M. Bowyer, R. Terry Dick, Brian L. Kie, John G. TI Effects of density dependence on diet composition of North American elk Cervus elaphus and mule deer Odocoileus hemionus: an experimental manipulation SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cervus elaphus; competition; density dependence; diet diversity; diet overlap; experimental manipulation; mule deer; niche breadth; North American elk; Odocoileus hemionus ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; LIFE-HISTORY; ROE DEER; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; SEXUAL SEGREGATION; POPULATION-DENSITY; HABITAT SELECTION; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; ALASKAN MOOSE; NICHE AB We examined interactions related to resource partitioning and competition with density-dependent processes among mule deer Odocoileus hemionus and North American elk Cervus elaphus at two different population densities of elk. We used an experimental approach to examine changes in diet diversity, selection of diets, dietary importance, niche breadth and overlap among sympatric species of large herbivores with changes in population density of one species. We hypothesized that diets of both species would change with changing population density and dietary niche would be expanded to include forages of lower quality in the areas with increased competition for resources. We used microhistological analysis corrected for differential digestibility of forages to estimate diets of mule deer and elk from faeces in two study areas with high and low population densities of elk. For both mule deer and elk, dietary niche was expanded in the high-density area compared with the low-density area, and included forages of lower quality and palatability. Our results indicate that negative feedbacks associated with density-dependent processes interact with competitive interactions among sympatric species of large herbivores. C1 [Stewart, Kelley M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Bowyer, R. Terry; Kie, John G.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Dick, Brian L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP Stewart, KM (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM kstewart@cabnr.unr.edu; bowyterr@isu.edu; bldick@fs.fed.us; kiejohn@isu.edu RI Stewart, Kelley/F-5897-2012 FU Pacific Northwest Research Station; U.S. Forest Service; Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska Fairbanks; Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation; Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation; Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology and Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science at the University of Nevada Reno; Department of Biological Sciences at Idaho State University FX We appreciate the assistance of Starkey Project personnel, especially R. Kennedy. Numerous volunteers and seasonal employees aided with data collection. J.S. Sedinger provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Funding and support of the project was provided by the Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, the Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation, Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology and Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science at the University of Nevada Reno and Department of Biological Sciences at Idaho State University. This manuscript is Rob and Bessie Welder Wildlife Foundation Contribution #703. NR 68 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 58 PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY PI RONDE PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK SN 0909-6396 EI 1903-220X J9 WILDLIFE BIOL JI Wildlife Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 417 EP 430 DI 10.2981/10-122 PG 14 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 876XE UT WOS:000299140300008 ER PT J AU Tyson, LA Blackwell, BF Seamans, TW AF Tyson, Laura A. Blackwell, Bradley F. Seamans, Thomas W. TI Artificial Nest Cavity Used Successfully by Native Species and Avoided by European Starlings SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TREE CAVITIES; BIRDS; BOXES; INEFFECTIVENESS; DETERRENTS; SITES; OWL AB We describe a weather-durable cavity design used successfully by cavity-nesting species native to the eastern USA and, although accessible, avoided by European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). The artificial nest cavity was constructed using 9.5-cm inside diameter polyvinyl chloride tubes cut to 27.5-cm lengths. The tubes were mounted horizontally with 5.1-cm entry holes drilled through one of the capped ends. Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia sialis), House Wrens (Troglodytes aedon), and Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) nested in 49 of 100, newly mounted tubes on utility poles in north-central Ohio. USA from April through June 2009. These species nested in 85% of the tubes during the same period in 2010 and fledged young from 94.1% of nests. We added 10 nest tubes (27.5-cm long X 17-cm inside diam) at sites similar to the smaller tubes in 2010. Two of the larger tubes were used by nesting starlings and six by native species. Cavity vertical depth has been shown to be an important feature in starling nest site selection, but our data from the larger tubes indicate that other factors are likely important. The smaller design could offer nesting opportunities for a range of native cavity-nesting species while limiting use by starlings. Received 3 January 2011. Accepted 20 May 2011. C1 [Tyson, Laura A.; Blackwell, Bradley F.; Seamans, Thomas W.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Tyson, LA (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM laura.a.tyson@aphis.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center FX Our study was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center. We thank M. E. Conger and D. E. Steyer for field assistance, and E. J. Poggiali for logistical assistance. P. M. Schmidt, T.L. De Vault, J. T. Tyson, and B. E. Washburn provided reviews of earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 27 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 123 IS 4 BP 827 EP 830 PG 4 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 865MH UT WOS:000298314500022 ER PT J AU Escobedo, F Varela, S Zhao, M Wagner, JE Zipperer, W AF Escobedo, Francisco Varela, Sebastian Zhao, Min Wagner, John E. Zipperer, Wayne TI Analyzing the efficacy of subtropical urban forests in offsetting carbon emissions from cities (vol 13, pg 362, 2010) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Correction C1 [Escobedo, Francisco; Varela, Sebastian] Univ Florida IFAS, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Zhao, Min] Shanghai Normal Univ, Urban Ecol & Environm Res Ctr, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. [Wagner, John E.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Zipperer, Wayne] US Forest Serv, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Escobedo, F (reprint author), Univ Florida IFAS, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410,Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM fescobed@ufl.edu RI Escobedo, Francisco /H-1286-2016 OI Escobedo, Francisco /0000-0002-9272-5046 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PD DEC PY 2011 VL 14 IS 8 BP 1219 EP 1219 DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2011.10.001 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 864EL UT WOS:000298219700027 ER PT J AU Nogueira, LR Goncalves, JLD Engel, VL Parrotta, J AF Rodrigues Nogueira, L., Jr. de Moraes Goncalves, J. L. Lex Engel, V. Parrotta, J. TI Soil dynamics and carbon stocks 10 years after restoration of degraded land using Atlantic Forest tree species SO FOREST SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE restoration models; recovery of degraded land; legume trees; physical properties; chemical properties; microbial biomass ID PLANTATION FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; PLANTINGS; RECOVERY; ECOLOGY AB Brazil's Atlantic Forest ecosystem has been greatly affected by land use changes, with only 11.26% of its original vegetation cover remaining. Currently, Atlantic Forest restoration is receiving increasing attention because of its potential for carbon sequestration and the important role of soil carbon in the global carbon balance. Soil organic matter is also essential for physical, chemical and biological components of soil fertility and forest sustainability. This study evaluated the potential for soil recovery in contrasting restoration models using indigenous Atlantic Forest tree species ten years after their establishment. The study site is located in Botucatu municipality, Sao Paulo State-Brazil, in a loamy dystrophic Red-Yellow Argisol site (Typic Hapludult). Four treatments were compared: i) Control (Spontaneous Restoration); ii) Low Diversity (five fast-growing tree species established by direct seeding); iii) High Diversity (mixed plantings of 41 species established with seedlings) and; iv) Native Forest (well conserved neighboring forest fragment). The following soil properties were evaluated: (1) physical- texture, density and porosity; (2) chemical-C, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Al and pH; (3) biological-microbial biomass. Litter nutrient concentrations (P, S, K, Ca and Mg) and C and N litter stocks were determined. Within ten years the litter C and N stocks of the Low Diversity treatment area were higher than Control and similar to those in both the High Diversity treatment and the Native Forest. Soil C stocks increased through time for both models and in the Control plots, but remained highest in the Native Forest. The methods of restoration were shown to have different effects on soil dynamics, mainly on chemical properties. These results show that, at least in the short-term, changes in soil properties are more rapid in a less complex system like the Low Diversity model than in the a High Species Diversity model. For both mixed plantation systems, carbon soil cycling can be reestablished, resulting in increases in carbon stocks in both soil and litter. C1 [Rodrigues Nogueira, L., Jr.] Brazilian Agr Res Corp, Embrapa Coastal Tablelands, BR-49025040 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. [de Moraes Goncalves, J. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, BR-13418900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Lex Engel, V.] Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, BR-18607030 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Parrotta, J.] US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA USA. RP Nogueira, LR (reprint author), Brazilian Agr Res Corp, Embrapa Coastal Tablelands, 3250 Av Beira Mar, BR-49025040 Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. EM lauro@cpatc.embrapa.br RI Engel, Vera/B-8457-2012; Moraes Goncalves, Jose Leonardo/G-4979-2013 OI Engel, Vera/0000-0001-5806-2544; Moraes Goncalves, Jose Leonardo/0000-0003-1068-5448 FU Sao Paulo State Research Foundation [FAPESP-2006/06315-0] FX This research was supported by Sao Paulo State Research Foundation (FAPESP-2006/06315-0). We thank to Ecology and Forest Restoration Laboratory of Sao Paulo State University. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 41 PU INST NACIONAL INVESTIGACION TECHNOLOGIA AGRARIA ALIMENTARIA PI MADRID PA CTRA CORUNA KM 7 5, MADRID, 28040, SPAIN SN 2171-5068 J9 FOREST SYST JI For. Syst. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 536 EP 545 DI 10.5424/fs/20112003-11844 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 861ZP UT WOS:000298059900018 ER PT J AU Eggleston, G Andrzejewski, B Alexander, C Monge, A St Cyr, E Marquette, M Sohljoo, H Pontif, K AF Eggleston, Gillian Andrzejewski, Brett Alexander, Clay Monge, Adrian St Cyr, Eldwin Marquette, Mike Sohljoo, Harry Pontif, Kevin TI Design and operation of a pilot-plant for the processing of sugarcane juice into sugar at the Southern Regional Research Center in Louisiana SO INTERNATIONAL SUGAR JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE centrifugation; crystallization; evaporation; juice clarification; pilot plant; sugar processing AB A pilot-plant facility to process sugarcane juice into sugar and molasses has been developed under a limited budget at the Southern Regional Research Center of the United States Department of Agriculture in New Orleans, Louisiana (LA). The batch plant (27.9 m(2)) includes juice heating, clarification, evaporation, vacuum pan boiling, and centrifugation equipment. Juice is collected from factories or other research facilities, transported to the pilot-plant and processed. A walk-in cooler is available close to the pilot plant to store juices, factory products, and pilot plant products at refrigerated or freezing temperatures, if necessary. Design characteristics and operational procedures are described. This pilot-plant will be used to conduct research projects, complement factory research trials, as well as research processing innovations. Juices from other sugar crops, including sugar beet, sweet sorghum, and tropical maize can also be processed. C1 [Eggleston, Gillian; Andrzejewski, Brett; Alexander, Clay; St Cyr, Eldwin; Sohljoo, Harry] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Monge, Adrian] Cora Texas Mfg Co, White Castle, LA 70788 USA. [Marquette, Mike] Honiron Corp, Jeanerette, LA 70544 USA. [Pontif, Kevin] Lafourche Sugars LLC, Thibodaux, LA 70301 USA. RP Eggleston, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM gillian.eggleston@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT SUGAR JOURNAL LTD PI KENT PA 80 CALVERLEY, TUNBRIDGE WELLS, KENT TN1 2UN, WALES SN 0020-8841 J9 INT SUGAR J JI Int. Sugar J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 113 IS 1356 BP 863 EP 872 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 867LD UT WOS:000298455000034 ER PT J AU Bausch, W Trout, T Buchleiter, G AF Bausch, Walter Trout, Thomas Buchleiter, Gerald TI EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ADJUSTMENTS FOR DEFICIT-IRRIGATED CORN USING CANOPY TEMPERATURE: A CONCEPT SO IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE LA English DT Article DE plant water stress; crop evapotranspiration; infrared thermometer; irrigation timing ID TIME THRESHOLDS; INDEX; ACCURACY AB Sustainability of irrigated agriculture with declining water supplies is a critical agricultural issue in the US Great Plains. Imposing water deficits on crops during noncritical growth periods must be implemented to maximize net economic output per unit of water consumed by the plant. An irrigation timing and amount determination for such a scenario is not a simple, straight-forward procedure. Methods that monitor plant stress indicators would appear to be most promising. Several canopy temperature-based irrigation timing techniques exist that determine when to irrigate but do not indicate how much to irrigate. The reference ET-crop coefficient procedure for determining crop ET which is used in fully irrigated crop conditions would be easiest to implement; however, the water stress coefficient used in that procedure may not be applicable for prolonged periods of water stress. The objective of this study was to investigate use of a ratio of canopy temperature (T-c) measured over fully irrigated and water-stressed corn (Zea mays L.) as a substitute for the water stress coefficient presently used in the reference ET-crop coefficient concept. Preliminary results indicated that the T-c ratio is a reasonable quantitative water stress coefficient for calculating crop ET under water stress conditions. This ratio allows application of the crop coefficient method for scheduling deficit irrigation. Furthermore, the T-c ratio lends itself to hourly incorporation of plant stress effects on crop ET since canopy temperature can be measured continuously throughout the day. Published in 2010. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Bausch, Walter; Trout, Thomas; Buchleiter, Gerald] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Bausch, W (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 320, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM walter.bausch@ars.usda.gov OI Trout, Thomas/0000-0003-1896-9170 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1531-0353 EI 1531-0361 J9 IRRIG DRAIN JI Irrig. Drain. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 5 BP 682 EP 693 DI 10.1002/ird.601 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 865XY UT WOS:000298345400012 ER PT J AU Railsback, SF Harvey, BC AF Railsback, S. F. Harvey, B. C. TI Importance of fish behaviour in modelling conservation problems: food limitation as an example SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE activity selection; adaptive behaviour; diel; habitat selection; individual-based modelling; salmonid ID INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; RAINBOW-TROUT; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; SALMON; AVAILABILITY; SELECTION; RULES AB Simulation experiments using the inSTREAM individual-based brown trout Salmo trutta population model explored the role of individual adaptive behaviour in food limitation, as an example of how behaviour can affect managers' understanding of conservation problems. The model includes many natural complexities in habitat (spatial and temporal variation in characteristics such as depth and velocity, temperature, hiding and feeding cover, drift-food supply and predation risk), fish physiology (especially, how food intake and growth vary with hydrodynamics, cover, fish size and temperature) and behaviour. When drift-food concentration was increased over a wide range in 7 year simulations, the simulated population was always food limited. In fact, as food supply increased, the population increased at an increasing rate and consumed a higher percentage of the food supply, apparently because higher food concentrations make more stream area energetically profitable for drift feeders. The behaviour most responsible for this response was activity selection: when food was abundant, fish chose to feed less frequently and more nocturnally, thereby reducing predation mortality so more fish survived longer. These results indicate that the traditional concept of food limitation, that food availability stops limiting population size when it exceeds some threshold level, may not be useful and can be misleading. Results also strongly contradict the concept that a salmonid population is not food limited if the total food supply is greater than the population's consumption. Explicit consideration of adaptive behaviour produced a novel but believable understanding of food effects on salmonid populations. Published 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Railsback, S. F.] Lang Railsback & Associates, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Harvey, B. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Railsback, SF (reprint author), Lang Railsback & Associates, 250 Calif Ave, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM Steve@LangRailsback.com OI Railsback, Steven/0000-0002-5923-9847 FU Western Area Power Administration FX Development of the version of inSTREAM used here, and the Green River study sites, was funded by Western Area Power Administration and managed by K. LaGory and J. Hayse of Argonne National Laboratory. Hydraulic modelling was conducted by E. Cashman and M. Lang, and field data collection was made possible by the technology and experience of C. Pryor and K. Barnard of Graham Matthews & Assoc. The inSTREAM software was developed by S. Jackson. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1112 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 79 IS 6 SI SI BP 1648 EP 1662 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.03050.x PG 15 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 861IZ UT WOS:000298013900012 PM 22136244 ER PT J AU Mjoun, K Rosentrater, KA AF Mjoun, Kamal Rosentrater, Kurt A. TI Extruded aquafeeds containing distillers dried grains with solubles: effects on extrudate properties and processing behaviour SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE single-screw extrusion; distillers dried grains with solubles; aquafeed; physicochemical properties ID TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION; NILE TILAPIA; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MOISTURE-CONTENT; GROWTH-RESPONSE; FED DIETS; DDGS; RESISTANCE AB BACKGROUND: The tremendous supply andlow cost of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) make it an attractive feed stuff for aquaculture diets. Also, several studies have shown that DDGS can be successfully fed to various finfish. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of inclusion rate of DDGS (0, 250, 500 g kg(-1)), feed moisture content (350, 450 g kg(-1)) and die opening area (die A = 18.85 mm(2), die B = 3988.45 mm(2)) on the properties of the extrudates and on processing behaviour using a single-screw extruder. RESULTS: Increasing the inclusion rate of DDGS resulted in extrudates with lower unit density, bulk density, expansion ratio, water solubility index and brightness (Hunter L) but higher redness (Hunter a) and yellowness (Hunter b). The increase in moisture content affected the extrudate properties in different ways: it increased bulk density, Hunter L, Hunter b and mass flow rate, whereas specific mechanical energy decreased at high moisture content. Increasing the die opening area primarily decreased expansion ratio of extrudates, power consumption and barrel temperatures but increased mass flow rate. CONCLUSION: Extrudates from all treatments exhibited high durability and floatability, and less energy was required to produce extrudates when DDGS was used compared with soybean meal-based diets. The aquaculture industry can use this information to develop high-quality feeds at low cost. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Mjoun, Kamal; Rosentrater, Kurt A.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Rosentrater, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM kurt.rosentrater@ars.usda.gov OI Rosentrater, Kurt/0000-0003-0131-7037 NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-5142 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 91 IS 15 BP 2865 EP 2874 DI 10.1002/jsfa.4536 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 860FE UT WOS:000297933400022 PM 21725984 ER PT J AU Lim, C Yildirim-Aksoy, M Barros, MM Klesius, P AF Lim, Chhorn Yildirim-Aksoy, Mediha Barros, Margarida M. Klesius, Phillip TI Thiamin Requirement of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; DEFICIENCY; TRANSKETOLASE AB Juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, were fed to apparent satiation twice daily with purified diets containing 0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 mg/kg and 0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0, and 32.0 mg/kg of thiamin in separate 14- and 8-wk trials (Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Fish fed the diet devoid of thiamin developed neurological disorders, anorexia, reduced growth, and feed efficiency and increased mortality (Experiment 2 only) within 4-6 and 8-10 wk for Experiments 2 and 1, respectively. Low red blood cell count (RBC) and hematocrit (Ht) were observed in fish fed the thiamin-deficient diet. Serum pyruvate was elevated in fish fed the thiamin unsupplemented diet. Serum lactate was not affected by dietary thiamin levels. Whole body protein was unaffected by dietary levels of thiamin. Body moisture and ash increased whereas body lipid decreased in fish fed the thiamin unsupplemented diets. None of these abnormalities were observed in fish fed the thiamin-supplemented diets. Using the response curves determined by PROC NLMIXED to estimate dietary thiamin levels required for various response variables, a dietary thiamin level of 3.5 mg/kg diet was adequate for optimum growth, feed intake and efficiency, survival, prevention of neurological symptoms, and maintaining normal levels of RBC, Ht, serum pyruvate, and proximate body composition. C1 [Lim, Chhorn; Yildirim-Aksoy, Mediha; Klesius, Phillip] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, MSA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Barros, Margarida M.] CAUNESP, Dept Melhoramento & Nutricao Anim, Lab Nutrocao Organismos Aquat, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. RP Lim, C (reprint author), ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, MSA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RI BARROS, MARGARIDA MARIA/C-6405-2013 OI BARROS, MARGARIDA MARIA/0000-0003-0611-2751 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 42 IS 6 BP 824 EP 833 DI 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2011.00531.x PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 860GO UT WOS:000297937000008 ER PT J AU Anuta, JD Buentello, A Patnaik, S Lawrence, AL Mustafa, A Hume, ME Gatlin, DM Kemp, MC AF Anuta, J. Davies Buentello, Alejandro Patnaik, Susmita Lawrence, Addison L. Mustafa, Ahmed Hume, Michael E. Gatlin, Delbert M., III Kemp, Maurice C. TI Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Acidic Calcium Sulfate (Vitoxal) on Growth, Survival, Immune Response and Gut Microbiota of the Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; NATURAL WATERS; MICROFLORA; PROTEIN; DIGESTIBILITY; MODULATION; ABSORPTION; PREBIOTICS; JUVENILES; GLUCAN AB Dietary acidifiers have been recognized as beneficial in animal production including aquacultural production of fish where they confer such benefits as improved feed utilization, growth, and resistance to bacterial pathogens. If improvements in growth and immune responses by acidifier supplementation can be confirmed in shrimp, then mortalities due to diseases could be minimized, limiting the emergence of disease-resistant bacterial pathogens as a potential result of antibiotic misuse. With this in mind, a 35-d feeding trial was conducted to evaluate growth, enteric microbiota populations, and nonspecific immune responses of Litopenaeus vannamei fed diets containing the commercial acidifier Vitoxal, based on acidic calcium sulfate in an indoor temperature-controlled, recirculating culture system without any natural productivity. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 0 (basal), 0.4, 1.2, 1.6, or 2.0% acidic calcium sulfate (ACS) by weight. Shrimp fed in excess, 15 times a day using automatic feeders. Weight gain and survival among treatments were excellent, but not significantly different (P > 0.05). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that the enteric microbial community of shrimp fed the basal diet differed markedly from those fed the acidifier on the basis of 64.9% similarity coefficient. Shrimp fed the commercial acidifier at 1.2 and 2.0% responded significantly (P < 0.05) better to reduced stress and displayed enhanced immune responses including hemocyte phagocytic capacity, hemolymph protein concentration, hyaline cell counts, and hemolymph glucose, compared with shrimp fed the basal diet. These results point to an enhanced performance in terms of positive shifts in the composition of enteric microbial communities as well as improved immune performance, with no changes in growth or survival. C1 [Anuta, J. Davies; Patnaik, Susmita; Lawrence, Addison L.] Texas A&M Syst, Agrilife Res Mariculture Lab, Port Aransas, TX 78343 USA. [Buentello, Alejandro] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Buentello, Alejandro] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Intercollegiate Fac Nutr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Mustafa, Ahmed] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA. [Hume, Michael E.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Kemp, Maurice C.] Mionix Corp, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA. RP Lawrence, AL (reprint author), Texas A&M Syst, Agrilife Res Mariculture Lab, Port Aransas, TX 78343 USA. FU Mionix Corporation, Port Aransas, Texas, USA; U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Marine Shrimp Farming Program USDA/CSREES [2009-38808-19851] FX The authors wish to thank Mionix Corporation, Port Aransas, Texas, USA for providing the acidifier ACS (Vitoxal) and partial funding for this project. The research was also supported in part by a grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Marine Shrimp Farming Program USDA/CSREES Grant No. 2009-38808-19851, Texas Agrilife Research Mariculture Laboratory at Port Aransas, Hatch Project R-9005, Texas A&M System. Shrimp post larvae were obtained from the Harlingen Shrimp Farms. Finally, the authors acknowledge with thanks the support of employees and students of Texas Agrilife Research Shrimp Mariculture Laboratory, Texas A& M University System. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 42 IS 6 BP 834 EP 844 DI 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2011.00519.x PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 860GO UT WOS:000297937000009 ER PT J AU Chatakondi, NG Yant, DR Kristanto, A Umali-Maceina, GM Dunham, RA AF Chatakondi, Nagaraj G. Yant, D. Roger Kristanto, Anang Umali-Maceina, Gloria M. Dunham, Rex A. TI The Effect of Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone Analog Regime and Stage of Oocyte Maturity for Induced Ovulation of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID X BLUE CATFISH; FINAL MATURATION; BASS AB This study addresses rapid methods to identify mature channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, females for induced spawning with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog (LHRHa) and common carp pituitary extract (CPE) and the effects of stage of maturity, hormone dose, season, and cannulation before hormone injection. Hormonal intervention is the most effective method for inducing maturation and spawning in channel catfish x blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus, hybrids. A total of 80 mature channel catfish were staged for maturity based on secondary sexual characteristics and 20-30 oocytes cannulated to ascertain their maturation stage based on the position of gonadal vesicle. Twenty females were randomly assigned to one of the four hormone regimes (priming + resolving dose): CPE 2 + 8 mg/kg (CPEC); LHRHa 20 + 40 mu g/kg (LHRHaL); LHRHa 20 + 60 mu g/kg (LHRHaM); and LHRHa 20 + 80 mu g/kg (LHRHaH) and a fifth treatment consisted of 20 females selected based on apparent maturity as evidenced by external appearance were injected with CPE, 2 + 8 mg/kg without cannulation (CPEO). Two trials were conducted in early part of the spawning season and two trials in peak season. External methods to identify maturity correlated (r = 0.63) with that of "germinal vesicle position" method to identify the stage of maturity in females. Mean percent of females that ovulated, hatched, and fry produced per kg body weight did not differ (P > 0.05) among the five hormone treatments. The mean percent females that ovulated was higher (P < 0.05) for CPE-induced females that were identified as "excellent" females based on external examination. The performance of cannulated females did not differ (P > 0.05) with that of non-cannulated catfish. The mean egg quality of hormone-induced females and percent of females ovulated in response to hormone treatment established a weak but significant linear relationship (Y = 3.85 + 0.008 x ovulation, r(2) = 0.39, P < 0.05). C1 [Chatakondi, Nagaraj G.] Harvest Select Farms, Inverness, MS 38753 USA. [Yant, D. Roger] Hybrid Catfish Co, Inverness, MS 38753 USA. [Kristanto, Anang; Umali-Maceina, Gloria M.; Dunham, Rex A.] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Kristanto, Anang] Res Inst Freshwater Aquaculture, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. RP Chatakondi, NG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. FU USDA SBIR Phase II [2003-04088] FX We thank the management and the staff at the Harvest Select Farms, Inverness, Mississippi, for their support and help in the conduct of this study. This study was supported by funds from USDA SBIR Phase II No. 2003-04088. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0893-8849 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 42 IS 6 BP 845 EP 853 DI 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2011.00535.x PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 860GO UT WOS:000297937000010 ER PT J AU Hass, A Zobel, RW AF Hass, A. Zobel, R. W. TI Using soil E horizon in salvaged topsoil material - effect on soil texture SO SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Topsoil; constructed soil; soil texture; landscaping; soil E horizon; urban soil ID ORGANIC-MATTER; WATER; RESTORATION AB Soil is a limited natural resource that needs to be efficiently salvaged during landscape construction operations for its further use as topsoil. To avoid inclusion of undesirable subsoil material (e.g. excess clay from B(t) horizon), the majority of current guidelines define borrowed topsoil material as the surface layer of native soil, or the soil A horizon. Using information from over 7000 soil pedons from the 48 contiguous United States, we characterized selected topsoil properties and simulated the mixing of A and E horizons. The selected soil properties were compared among four different operationally defined topsoils: A surface layer, A(SL); A(P) surface layer, A(PL); A horizon, A; and a mix of A and E horizons, AE. Average topsoil depth decreases in the order: AE > A > A(PL) > A(SL); sand content decreases in the order: A(SL) > AE> A > A(PL); clay decreases in the order: A(PL) > A > A(SL) > AE; and organic carbon decreases in the order: A(SL) > A > A(PL) > AE. On average, mixing of A and E horizons increases excavation depth by over 2.5 fold while having minor effects on soil texture; with AE/A ratio of 1.03, 1.00 and 1.07 for sand, silt and clay content, respectively. Yet, average soil organic matter content decreases by 38% upon mixing A and E horizons. Given the marked increase in soil volume and minor effect on soil texture, it is our suggestion that, for landscaping purposes, protocols for salvaging excavated soil material, for reuse as topsoil material include the E horizon (where it exists). Supplementing the recovered soil material with organic matter, such as compost, to overcome its dilution due to the incorporation of E horizon is recommended. C1 [Hass, A.] W Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Land Grant Inst, Agr & Environm Res Stn, Institute, WV 25112 USA. [Hass, A.; Zobel, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Hass, A (reprint author), W Virginia State Univ, Gus R Douglass Land Grant Inst, Agr & Environm Res Stn, Institute, WV 25112 USA. EM amir.hass@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0266-0032 J9 SOIL USE MANAGE JI Soil Use Manage. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 27 IS 4 BP 470 EP 479 DI 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00361.x PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 861RO UT WOS:000298037100007 ER PT J AU Thompson, ID Okabe, K Tylianakis, JM Kumar, P Brockerhoff, EG Schellhorn, NA Parrotta, JA Nasi, R AF Thompson, Ian D. Okabe, Kimiko Tylianakis, Jason M. Kumar, Pushpam Brockerhoff, Eckehard G. Schellhorn, Nancy A. Parrotta, John A. Nasi, Robert TI Forest Biodiversity and the Delivery of Ecosystem Goods and Services: Translating Science into Policy SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ecosystem services; valuation; biodiversity; forest management; natural resources policy ID RESTORATION ECOLOGY; PLANT DIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; LANDSCAPES; REGENERATION; PRODUCTIVITY; ENVIRONMENT; POLLINATION; RESILIENCE; VALUATION AB Biodiversity is integral to almost all ecosystem processes, with some species playing key functional roles that are essential for maintaining the value of ecosystems to humans. However, many ecosystem services remain nonvalued, and decisionmakers rarely consider biodiversity in policy development, in part because the relationships between biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services are not generally appreciated. To date, the majority of work in which the functional importance of biodiversity has been examined has been conducted in relatively species-poor systems. Focusing on forest and agroforest systems, we synthesize recent research on the role of biodiversity in the provision of ecosystem services and provide examples of biodiversity science that informs ecosystem management and policy. Finally, we highlight barriers to the transfer of knowledge from scientists to decisionmakers and suggest that scientists can be much more effective at informing policy and improving resource management by asking policy-relevant questions and providing timely and consistent information to decision makers and the public on the linkages among biodiversity, ecosystem services, and their value to people. C1 [Thompson, Ian D.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Okabe, Kimiko] Japan Forest & Forest Prod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Tylianakis, Jason M.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Kumar, Pushpam] United Nations Environm Programme, Div Environm Policy Implementat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.] Scion, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Schellhorn, Nancy A.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Parrotta, John A.] US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA USA. [Nasi, Robert] Ctr Int Forestry Res, Bogor, Indonesia. RP Thompson, ID (reprint author), Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. EM ian.thompson@nrcan.gc.ca RI Brockerhoff, Eckehard/C-1528-2009; Tylianakis, Jason/B-6634-2011; CSIRO, SAF/H-3134-2013; Nasi, Robert/A-3549-2015; Schellhorn, Nancy/B-6716-2009 OI Brockerhoff, Eckehard/0000-0002-5962-3208; Tylianakis, Jason/0000-0001-7402-5620; Nasi, Robert/0000-0001-9739-3135; FU Global Environmental Research [S9]; New Zealand Science Foundation; Royal Society of New Zealand FX We thank the Organization for Economic Cooperation and,Development (OECD) for their generous support of a workshop that included the authors, held in Tokyo at Waseda University in April 2010. Gary Fitt of OECD and Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation provided support and advice for the workshop. This workshop was coorganized by the Japanese Forest and Forest Products Research institute and Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forest Research Station. KO was supported in part by Global Environmental Research Project S9, EGB by the New Zealand Science Foundation, and JMT by the Royal Society of New Zealand. The proceedings from the OECD symposium are posted at www.ffpri.affrc.go.jp/syniposium/FFPRI-sympo/2009/CBD_COP10/20100426/ind ex_e.html. NR 72 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 77 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD DEC PY 2011 VL 61 IS 12 BP 972 EP 981 DI 10.1525/bio.2011.61.12.7 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 860QC UT WOS:000297961800007 ER PT J AU Doehlert, DC Rayas-Duarte, P McMullen, MS AF Doehlert, Douglas C. Rayas-Duarte, Patricia McMullen, Michael S. TI Inhibition of Fusarium graminearum Growth in Flour Gel Cultures by Hexane-Soluble Compounds from Oat (Avena sativa L.) Flour SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID OXYGENATED FATTY-ACIDS; RICE BLAST DISEASE; REACTION-PRODUCTS; LINOLEIC-ACID; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROMETRY; PLANT; GRAIN AB Fusarium head blight, incited by the fungus Fusarium graminearum, primarily affects wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgarum), while oat (Avena saliva) appears to be more resistant. Although this has generally been attributed to the open panicle of oats, we hypothesized that a chemical component of oats might contribute to this resistance. To test this hypothesis, we created culture media made of wheat, barley, and oat flour gels (6 g of flour in 20 ml of water, gelled by autoclaving) and inoculated these with plugs of F. graminearum from actively growing cultures. Fusarium growth was measured from the diameter of the fungal plaque. Plaque diameter was significantly smaller on oat flour cultures than on wheat or barley cultures after 40 to 80 h of growth. Ergosterol concentration was also significantly lower in oat cultures than in wheat cultures after growth. A hexane extract from oats added to wheat flour also inhibited Fusarium growth, and Fusarium grew better on hexane-defatted oat flour. The growth of Fusarium on oat flour was significantly and negatively affected by the oil concentration in the oat, in a linear relationship. A hexane-soluble chemical in oat flour appears to inhibit Fusarium growth and might contribute to oat's resistance to Fusarium head blight. Oxygenated fatty acids, including hydroxy, dihydroxy, and epoxy fatty acids, were identified in the hexane extracts and are likely candidates for causing the inhibition. C1 [Doehlert, Douglas C.] N Dakota State Univ, USDA, ARS, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [McMullen, Michael S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Rayas-Duarte, Patricia] Oklahoma State Univ, Robert M Kerr Food & Agr Prod Ctr, Food & Agr Prod Ctr, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Doehlert, DC (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, USDA, ARS, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Lab, Loftsgard Hall,Dept 7640,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM douglas.doehlert@ndsu.edu NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 74 IS 12 BP 2188 EP 2191 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-036 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 859SK UT WOS:000297895900026 PM 22186063 ER PT J AU Gaudinier, A Zhang, LF Reece-Hoyes, JS Taylor-Teeples, M Pu, L Liu, ZJ Breton, G Pruneda-Paz, JL Kim, D Kay, SA Walhout, AJM Ware, D Brady, SM AF Gaudinier, Allison Zhang, Lifang Reece-Hoyes, John S. Taylor-Teeples, Mallorie Pu, Li Liu, Zhijie Breton, Ghislain Pruneda-Paz, Jose L. Kim, Dahae Kay, Steve A. Walhout, Albertha J. M. Ware, Doreen Brady, Siobhan M. TI Enhanced Y1H assays for Arabidopsis SO NATURE METHODS LA English DT Article ID NETWORKS; SYSTEM AB We present an Arabidopsis thaliana full-length transcription factor resource of 92% of root stele-expressed transcription factors and 74.5% of root-expressed transcription factors. We demonstrate its use with enhanced yeast one-hybrid (eY1H) screening for rapid, systematic mapping of plant transcription factor-promoter interactions. We identified 158 interactions with 13 stele-expressed promoters, many of which occur physically or are regulatory in planta. C1 [Gaudinier, Allison; Taylor-Teeples, Mallorie; Pu, Li; Kim, Dahae; Brady, Siobhan M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gaudinier, Allison; Taylor-Teeples, Mallorie; Pu, Li; Kim, Dahae; Brady, Siobhan M.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Zhang, Lifang; Liu, Zhijie; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Reece-Hoyes, John S.; Walhout, Albertha J. M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Program Gene Funct & Express, Worcester, MA USA. [Reece-Hoyes, John S.; Walhout, Albertha J. M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Program Mol Med, Worcester, MA USA. [Breton, Ghislain; Pruneda-Paz, Jose L.; Kay, Steve A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Sect Cell & Dev Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Ware, Doreen] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Brady, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sbrady@ucdavis.edu RI Breton, Ghislain/F-7266-2016; OI Breton, Ghislain/0000-0001-6400-3858; Walhout, Marian/0000-0001-5587-3608 FU University of California; US National Institutes of Health [GM082971]; US Department of Agriculture [1907-21000-030, GM092412, GM056006] FX This work was supported by University of California Davis startup funds to S.M.B., US National Institutes of Health grant GM082971 to A.J.M.W., US Department of Agriculture 1907-21000-030 to D.W., GM092412 and GM056006 to S.A.K., We thank K. Cavanaugh, D. Lavelle, L. Williams, P. Nittler, R. Michelmore, J. Pelletier, K. Vo, J. Foret, S. Winte and J. Harada for assistance. NR 13 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 34 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1548-7091 J9 NAT METHODS JI Nat. Methods PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1053 EP + DI 10.1038/NMETH.1750 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 860EN UT WOS:000297931700017 PM 22037706 ER PT J AU Thomson, JL Onufrak, SJ Connell, CL Zoellner, JM Tussing-Humphreys, LM Bogle, ML Yadrick, K AF Thomson, Jessica L. Onufrak, Stephen J. Connell, Carol L. Zoellner, Jamie M. Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M. Bogle, Margaret L. Yadrick, Kathy TI Food and beverage choices contributing to dietary guidelines adherence in the Lower Mississippi Delta SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Diet quality; HEI-2005; Top food sources; Lower Mississippi Delta ID ENERGY-INTAKE; ADULTS; QUALITY; FRUIT AB Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate diet quality among Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) residents using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) and to identify the top five dietary sources contributing to HEI-2005 components. Demographic differences in HEI-2005 scores were also explored. Design: Diet quality was evaluated using HEI-2005. Demographic differences in HEI-2005 scores were investigated using multivariable regression models adjusting for multiple comparisons. The top five dietary sources contributing to HEI-2005 components were identified by estimating and ranking mean MyPyramid equivalents overall and by demographic characteristics. Setting: Dietary data, based on a single 24 h recall, from the Foods of Our Delta Study 2000 (FOODS 2000) were used in the analyses. Subjects: FOODS 2000 adult participants 18 years of age or older. Results: Younger age was the largest determinant of low diet quality in the LMD with HEI-2005 total and seven component scores declining with decreasing age. Income was not a significant factor for HEI-2005 total or component scores. The top five dietary sources differed by all five of the demographic variables, particularly for total vegetables and energy from solid fats, alcoholic beverages and added sugars (SoFAAS). Soft drinks were the leading source of SoFAAS energy intake for all demographic groups. Conclusions: The assessment of diet quality and identification of top dietary sources revealed the presence of demographic differences for selected HEI-2005 components. These findings allow identification of food patterns and culturally appropriate messaging and highlight the difficulties of treating this region as a homogeneous population. C1 [Thomson, Jessica L.; Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M.] USDA ARS, LSU AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Onufrak, Stephen J.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Connell, Carol L.; Yadrick, Kathy] Univ So Mississippi, Coll Hlth, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Zoellner, Jamie M.] Virginia Tech, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Bogle, Margaret L.] USDA ARS, Delta Obes Prevent Res Unit, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Thomson, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, LSU AgCtr, 284 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jessica.thomson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [6251-53000-004-00D, 6401-53000-001-00D] FX This work was sponsored in part by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Projects 6251-53000-004-00D and 6401-53000-001-00D. None of the authors declared a conflict of interest. The authors' contributions were as follows. J.L.T. assisted with study design, performed statistical analysis and prepared manuscript and tables; S.J.O. oversaw the study design and statistical analysis, and assisted in manuscript preparation; C.L.C. assisted with study design and manuscript preparation, especially the development of dietary modifications; J.M.Z. assisted with study design, manuscript preparation and tables; L.M.T.-H. assisted with study design, manuscript preparation and tables; M.L.B. assisted with formulation of the study design; K.Y. assisted with study design, manuscript preparation and tables. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 14 IS 12 BP 2099 EP 2109 DI 10.1017/S1368980011001443 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 851TL UT WOS:000297293700004 PM 21729458 ER PT J AU Peter, I Huggins, GS Ordovas, JM Haan, M Seddon, JM AF Peter, Inga Huggins, Gordon S. Ordovas, Jose M. Haan, Mary Seddon, Johanna M. TI Evaluation of New and Established Age-Related Macular Degeneration Susceptibility Genes in the Women's Health Initiative Sight Exam (WHI-SE) Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLEMENT FACTOR-H; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; DISEASE RISK; VITAMIN-C; MACULOPATHY; LOCI; PREVALENCE; VARIANT; POLYMORPHISM AB PURPOSE: To assess whether established and newly reported genetic variants, independent of known lifestyle factors, are associated with the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among women participating in the Women's Health Initiative Sight Exam (WHI-SE) Genetic Ancillary Study. DESIGN: Multicenter case-control study. METHODS: One hundred and forty-six women with intermediate and late stages of AMD and 1269 subjects without AMD underwent ocular examinations and fundus photography to determine stage of AMD. Fourteen polymorphisms at or near 11 genes, including previously confirmed genes CFH, ARMS2/HTRA1, C2, C3, and CFI; recently reported AMD genes in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) pathway LIPC, ABCA1, CETP, and LPL; TIMP3/SYN3, a known ocular gene recently linked with AMD; and APOE, were assessed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: After adjustment for demographic, behavioral, and other genetic factors, a protective effect was detected among TT carriers compared with non-carriers for the HDL pathway gene, LIPC rs493258, for intermediate and late AMD (OR [95% confidence interval]: 0.3 [0.2-0.7], P = .003). Variants in CFH rs1410996, ARMS2/HTRA1 A69S, and C3 R102G were significantly associated with an increased risk of AMD. Individuals with the homozygous CFI rs10033900 TT genotype had a 2.9 [1.2-7.2]-fold increased risk, and those with the CFH Y402H GG genotype had a 2.2 [1.0-4.8]-fold higher risk of developing AMD compared with non-carriers. APOE4 carriers may have a reduced risk of intermediate/late AMD (OR = 0.5 [0.3-0.9], P = .015. Suggestive associations were seen between AMD and the HDL pathway genes CETP and LPL. CONCLUSION: In this unique national cohort of women, we found associations with established AMD-related genetic factors and the recently reported LIPC gene in the HDL pathway. These findings may help develop novel therapeutic targets to treat or delay the onset of the disease. (Am J Ophthalmol 2011;152:1005-1013. (C) 2011 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) C1 [Seddon, Johanna M.] Tufts Univ, Ophthalm Epidemiol & Genet Serv, New England Eye Ctr, Tufts Med Ctr,Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Peter, Inga] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY USA. [Huggins, Gordon S.] Tufts Univ, Ctr Translat Genom, Mol Cardiol Res Inst, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Haan, Mary] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Seddon, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Ophthalm Epidemiol & Genet Serv, New England Eye Ctr, Tufts Med Ctr,Sch Med, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jseddon@tuftsmedicalcenter.org FU Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [RO1-EY11309]; Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund, Inc, New Bedford, Massachusetts; Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc, New York, New York; Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland FX AUTHORS HAVE COMPLETED AND SUBMITTED THE ICMJE FORM FOR DISCLOSURE OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF Interest and none were reported. Publication of this article was supported by the Russo Dual-Investigator Grant, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Grant RO1-EY11309 from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund, Inc, New Bedford, Massachusetts; Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc, New York, New York; and the Macular Degeneration Research Fund of the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts. WHI-SE was funded by Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Inc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania; and WHI was funded by National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Tufts Medical Center has filed a patent application for some materials related to this work. Involved in design and conduct of the study (I.P., M.H., J.M.S.); collection and interpretation of the data (I.P., G.S.H., J.M.O., M.H., J.M.S.); and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript (I.P., G.S.H., J.M.O., M.H., J.M.S.). This ancillary study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center and the WHI ancillary study subcommittee. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 152 IS 6 BP 1005 EP 1013 DI 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.05.016 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 857JN UT WOS:000297714900015 PM 21906714 ER PT J AU McCue, KF Rockhold, DR Chhan, A Belknap, WR AF McCue, Kent F. Rockhold, David R. Chhan, Alyssa Belknap, William R. TI Structure of Two Solanum tuberosum Steroidal Glycoalkaloid Glycosyltransferase Genes and Expression of their Promoters in Transgenic Potatoes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Transgenic; Sgt2; Glucosyltransferase; Leaf; Tuber; GUS expression ID PLANTS; TRANSFORMATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; ELEMENTS AB The Sgt2 gene in potato encodes a solanidine glucosyltransferase and is present as two distinct alleles expressed in cultivated potatoes. Promoter regions of both steroidal glycoalkaloid biosynthetic gene alleles, Sgt2.1 and Sgt2.2, were isolated from Solanum tuberosum cv. Russet Burbank genomic DNA. The genomic sequences of Sgt2.1 and Sgt2.2 were isolated by PCR amplification using a conserved region of Sgt2 and artificial upstream primers. The longest sequences for each allele were used to create beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene fusions. Fusion constructs were mobilized into stable transgenic lines for analysis of promoter expression in leaves and tubers under control and wounded conditions. S. tuberosum promoters from Sgt2.1 and from Sgt2.1 produced GUS activity in transgenic potato leaves and tubers comparable to GUS activity produced by the CaMV35S promoter. The CaMV35S promoter is a strong promoter frequently used in plant biotechnology. Both Sgt2 promoters exhibited activities similar to the CaMV35S promoter in tubers and lower relative activities in leaves. On average the Sgt2.2 promoter exhibited higher activity in both leaves and tubers relative to the Sgt2.1. There was no consistent effect of wounding on GUS activity from the Sgt2.2 promoter in leaves or tubers. The Sgt2.1 promoter supported higher transgene activity in tubers versus leaves and exhibited small but consistent increases in response to wounding in tubers only. This may be due to the presence of a MITE sequence in the Sgt2.1 promoter. C1 [McCue, Kent F.; Rockhold, David R.; Chhan, Alyssa; Belknap, William R.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP McCue, KF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Crop Improvement & Utilizat Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM kent.mccue@ars.usda.gov RI McCue, Kent/A-8973-2009 FU Agricultural Research Service [5325-21420-004-00D] FX The authors acknowledge funding by the Agricultural Research Service National Programs (CRIS Project Number 5325-21420-004-00D). NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 88 IS 6 BP 485 EP 492 DI 10.1007/s12230-011-9215-2 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 857SX UT WOS:000297741200006 ER PT J AU Bamberg, J del Rio, A AF Bamberg, John del Rio, Alfonso TI Diversity Relationships Among Wild Potato Collections from Seven "Sky Island" Mountain Ranges in the Southwest USA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stoloniferum; Longipedicellata AB The authors collected samples of 97 populations of the wild potato S. stoloniferum (previously fendleri) in the following seven mountain ranges of the southwest USA over 7 years, 2004-2010: Chiricahua (CHI), Huachuca (HUA), Rincon (RIN), Guadalupe (GUA), Pinaleno (PIN), Santa Catalina (CAT), and Santa Rita (RIT). These and previous samples were compared with AFLP markers to determine which ranges have the most genetic richness. A total of 2,079 bands were polymorphic over all populations, and 1,256 were polymorphic among ranges. Of these 1,256 bands, 279 occurred in only one range (= unique). All mountain ranges had some unique bands, but not equally, as PIN with 30%, and CHI with 22% together accounted for over 50% of the unique bands in the seven ranges. An examination of populations within ranges showed that one localized area was the source of over 50% of the unique bands from PIN. This study demonstrates that DNA markers can identify collecting locations like PIN and CHI with particular genetic richness, and thus these locations have high priority for further sampling for the genebank. Similarly, these populations already present in the genebank could be prioritized for evaluation and preservation based on the relative number of unique bands they contribute from their range. The discovery of substantial new diversity in each range implies that other ranges not yet fully explored are likely to also contain novel valuable germplasm, and that collecting in the USA is not complete. C1 [Bamberg, John; del Rio, Alfonso] ARS, USDA, US Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. RP Bamberg, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Potato Genebank, 4312 Hwy 42, Sturgeon Bay, WI 54235 USA. EM John.Bamberg@ars.usda.gov OI Del Rio, Alfonso/0000-0001-8780-747X FU USDA-ARS Plant Exchange Office, Beltsville, MD FX The authors thank Adele Douglass and the University of Wisconsin Peninsula Agricultural Research Station (home site of USPG) for technical support; Karen Williams of USDA-ARS Plant Exchange Office, Beltsville, MD for extramural funding; and fellow collectors Fred Armstrong, Paul Bamberg, Chuck Brown, Charles Fernandez, Joe Pavek, Alberto Salas, and Sandra Vega. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 88 IS 6 BP 493 EP 499 DI 10.1007/s12230-011-9216-1 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 857SX UT WOS:000297741200007 ER PT J AU Bratkovics, S Sapozhnikova, Y AF Bratkovics, Stephanie Sapozhnikova, Yelena TI Determination of seven commonly used organic UV filters in fresh and saline waters by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; SURFACE WATERS; BATHING WATERS; SWISS LAKES; WASTE-WATER; SUNSCREENS; EXTRACTION; PHARMACEUTICALS; ENVIRONMENT; RESIDUES AB An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of seven of the most widely used organic UV filter compounds in tap and saline waters was developed and validated. Target compounds included oxybenzone, dioxybenzone, sulisobenzone, avobenzone, octocrylene, octinoxate, and padimate-O. Water samples were adjusted to pH 2 prior to solid-phase extraction (SPE) using Oasis HLB 500 mg cartridges. The detection and quantification were performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with positive electrospray ionization (ESI) using Multiple Reaction Monitoring mode (MRM). Calculated recoveries from fortified samples ranged from 74 to 109% with relative standard deviations of 6-25% for fortified tap water samples and from 71 to 111% with relative standard deviations 2-12% for fortified seawater samples, indicating acceptable method accuracy and precision (n = 5). Method reporting limits ranged from 0.5 to 25 ng L(-1) for the seven compounds. Oxybenzone, avobenzone, octocrylene, octinoxate, and padimate-O were detected in seawater samples collected from Folly Beach, South Carolina in the summer of 2010, at concentrations ranging from 10 to 2013 ng L(-1), demonstrating the ability of the developed method to measure target compounds in environmental samples. Oxybenzone and octocrylene were found in the highest concentrations, up to 2013 ng L(-1) and 1409 ng L(-1), respectively. Concentrations for avobenzone, octinoxate, and padimate-O ranged from 62-321 ng L(-1), 30-264 ng L(-1) and <1-111 ng L(-1), respectively, in surface seawater samples (n 4). Dioxybenzone and sulisobenzone were not detected in any samples from the four sites (method reporting limits 1 ng L(-1)). To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting sunscreen compounds in the coastal waters of the U.S.A. C1 [Bratkovics, Stephanie] Coll Charleston, Environm Studies Grad Program, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Sapozhnikova, Yelena] JHT Inc, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Sapozhnikova, Yelena] NOAA, NOS, NCCOS, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. RP Sapozhnikova, Y (reprint author), USDA Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. FU College of Charleston FX Resources and laboratory space for this study were provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC, USA. We thank NOAA and all staff members at the Fort Johnson campus for graciously providing the space, resources, time and expertise required for the completion of the method development. Also, we thank the College of Charleston for providing financial assistance in support of the project. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 50 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 12 BP 2943 EP 2950 DI 10.1039/c1ay05390f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA 855KD UT WOS:000297562100034 ER PT J AU Shockey, J Chapital, D Gidda, S Mason, C Davis, G Klasson, KT Cao, HP Mullen, R Dyer, J AF Shockey, Jay Chapital, Dorselyn Gidda, Satinder Mason, Catherine Davis, Gaynelle Klasson, K. Thomas Cao, Heping Mullen, Robert Dyer, John TI Expression of a lipid-inducible, self-regulating form of Yarrowia lipolytica lipase LIP2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Lipase; Lipid; Bioconversion; PEX11 ID LINOLENIC ACID; PROTEIN; TUNG; PURIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; LOCALIZATION; PEROXISOMES; DESATURASE; SUBDOMAINS AB Saccharomyces cerevisiae is frequently used as a bioreactor for conversion of exogenously acquired metabolites into value-added products, but has not been utilized for bioconversion of low-cost lipids such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) because the cells are typically unable to acquire these lipid substrates from the growth media. To help circumvent this limitation, the Yarrowia lipolytica lipase 2 (LIP2) gene was cloned into S. cerevisiae expression vectors and used to generate S. cerevisiae strains that secrete active Lip2 lipase (Lip2p) enzyme into the growth media. Specifically, LIP2 expression was driven by the S. cerevisiae PEX11 promoter, which maintains basal transgene expression levels in the presence of sugars in the culture medium but is rapidly upregulated by fatty acids. Northern blotting, lipase enzyme activity assays, and gas chromatographic measurements of cellular fatty acid composition after lipid feeding all confirmed that cells transformed with the PEX11 promoter-LIP2 construct were responsive to lipids in the media, i.e., cells expressing LIP2 responded rapidly to either free fatty acids or TAGs and accumulated high levels of the corresponding fatty acids in intracellular lipids. These data provided evidence of the creation of a self-regulating positive control feedback loop that allows the cells to upregulate Lip2p production only when lipids are present in the media. Regulated, autonomous production of extracellular lipase activity is a necessary step towards the generation of yeast strains that can serve as biocatalysts for conversion of low-value lipids to value-added TAGs and other novel lipid products. C1 [Shockey, Jay; Chapital, Dorselyn; Mason, Catherine; Davis, Gaynelle; Klasson, K. Thomas; Cao, Heping] USDA, Agr Res Serv, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Gidda, Satinder; Mullen, Robert] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Dyer, John] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Shockey, J (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Jay.Shockey@ars.usda.gov OI Shockey, Jay/0000-0002-5057-5457; Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [217291]; United States Department of Agriculture, Current Research Information System (CRIS) [5347-21000-005-00D]; CRIS [6435-41000-087-00D]; Ontario Centre for Agricultural Genomics [046061] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Stephanie Boone for technical assistance with yeast lipid analysis and Vance Kelly for assistance with figure construction. This work was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC grant no. 217291) to RM, the United States Department of Agriculture, Current Research Information System (CRIS) project number 5347-21000-005-00D to JD, CRIS project no. 6435-41000-087-00D to JS and KTK. Financial support for SG was provided by funds from the Ontario Research and Development Challenge Fund (Ontario Centre for Agricultural Genomics; grant no. 046061). NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 92 IS 6 BP 1207 EP 1217 DI 10.1007/s00253-011-3505-y PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 854RZ UT WOS:000297513200011 PM 21822903 ER PT J AU Coutts, BA Kehoe, MA Webster, CG Wylie, SJ Jones, RAC AF Coutts, B. A. Kehoe, M. A. Webster, C. G. Wylie, S. J. Jones, R. A. C. TI Zucchini yellow mosaic virus: biological properties, detection procedures and comparison of coat protein gene sequences SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CUCURBIT CROPS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEED TRANSMISSION; NEW-ZEALAND; VARIABILITY; ZYMV; POTYVIRUSES; IDENTIFICATION; AUSTRALIA; STYRIACA AB Between 2006 and 2010, 5324 samples from at least 34 weed, two cultivated legume and 11 native species were collected from three cucurbit-growing areas in tropical or subtropical Western Australia. Two new alternative hosts of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) were identified, the Australian native cucurbit Cucumis maderaspatanus, and the naturalised legume species Rhyncosia minima. Low-level (0.7%) seed transmission of ZYMV was found in seedlings grown from seed collected from zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) fruit infected with isolate Cvn-1. Seed transmission was absent in > 9500 pumpkin (C. maxima and C. moschata) seedlings from fruit infected with isolate Knx-1. Leaf samples from symptomatic cucurbit plants collected from fields in five cucurbit-growing areas in four Australian states were tested for the presence of ZYMV. When 42 complete coat protein (CP) nucleotide (nt) sequences from the new ZYMV isolates obtained were compared to those of 101 complete CP nt sequences from five other continents, phylogenetic analysis of the 143 ZYMV sequences revealed three distinct groups (A, B and C), with four subgroups in A (I-IV) and two in B (I-II). The new Australian sequences grouped according to collection location, fitting within A-I, A-II and B-II. The 16 new sequences from one isolated location in tropical northern Western Australia all grouped into subgroup B-II, which contained no other isolates. In contrast, the three sequences from the Northern Territory fitted into A-II with 94.6-99.0% nt identities with isolates from the United States, Iran, China and Japan. The 23 new sequences from the central west coast and two east coast locations all fitted into A-I, with 95.9-98.9% nt identities to sequences from Europe and Japan. These findings suggest that (i) there have been at least three separate ZYMV introductions into Australia and (ii) there are few changes to local isolate CP sequences following their establishment in remote growing areas. Isolates from A-I and B-II induced chlorotic symptoms in inoculated leaves of Chenopodium quinoa, but an isolate from A-II caused symptomless infection. One of three commercial ZYMV-specific antibodies did not detect all Australian isolates reliably by ELISA. A multiplex real-time PCR using dual-labelled probes was developed, which distinguished between Australian ZYMV isolates belonging to phylogenetic groups A-I, A-II and B-II. C1 [Coutts, B. A.; Kehoe, M. A.; Webster, C. G.; Wylie, S. J.; Jones, R. A. C.] Dept Agr & Food Western Australia, Crop Protect Branch, Perth, WA 6983, Australia. [Coutts, B. A.; Kehoe, M. A.; Jones, R. A. C.] Univ Western Australia, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Webster, C. G.] ARS, US Hort Res Lab, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Wylie, S. J.] Murdoch Univ, Plant Virus Sect, Plant Biotech Res Grp, State Agr Biotechnol Ctr, Perth, WA 6150, Australia. RP Coutts, BA (reprint author), Dept Agr & Food Western Australia, Crop Protect Branch, Bentley Delivery Ctr,Locked Bag 4, Perth, WA 6983, Australia. EM brenda.coutts@agric.wa.gov.au RI Jones, Roger/B-1200-2011 OI Jones, Roger/0000-0003-3593-3102 FU Horticulture Australia Ltd [VG06022] FX We thank Denis Persley, Brendan Rodoni and Barry Conde of supplying isolates from Qld, Vic and NT, respectively. We also thank Eva Gajda for assisting with ELISA testing of samples. This research was funded by Horticulture Australia Ltd project VG06022. NR 54 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 25 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 156 IS 12 BP 2119 EP 2131 DI 10.1007/s00705-011-1102-0 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 857GQ UT WOS:000297706400001 PM 21935626 ER PT J AU Mullen, CA Boateng, AA AF Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Production and Analysis of Fast Pyrolysis Oils from Proteinaceous Biomass SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Deoxygenation; Fast pyrolysis; Protein; Pyrolysis oil ID BIO-OIL; L.; FUEL AB Fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is a facile method for producing high yields of liquid fuel intermediates. However, because most fast pyrolysis oils are highly oxygenated, acidic, and unstable, identification of feedstocks that produce higher quality pyrolysis liquids is desirable. Therefore, the effect of feedstock protein content was studied by performing fast pyrolysis experiments on biomass with varying protein content. The feedstocks ranged from low-protein content, similar to 5% up to feedstocks with > 40 wt.% protein content. Protein content was not a major factor in the yield of pyrolysis oil or the distribution of biomass carbon into the pyrolysis products. However, elevated levels of protein did cause a deoxygenation effect in the pyrolysis process with more of the oxygen rejected from the biomass as water. The deoxygenation caused the pyrolysis oil from the higher protein containing biomass to have higher energy content. Furthermore, the concentration of basic nitrogen groups caused the pyrolysis oil from the higher protein biomass to shift to a more neutral pH and lower total acid number than has been measured typically for lignocelluloic biomass pyrolysis oils. Some of the pyrolysis oils, particularly those from the mustard seed family presscakes exhibited better thermal stability than low-protein pyrolysis oils. C1 [Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.mullen@ars.usda.gov; akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov FU Arvens Technologies, Inc.; Biotechnology Research & Development Corporation (BRDC); [ARS CRADA 58-3 K95-9-1374] FX The work on pennycress and camelina presscakes was carried out under ARS CRADA 58-3 K95-9-1374 with financial support from Arvens Technologies, Inc. in conjunction with the Biotechnology Research & Development Corporation (BRDC). NR 19 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 4 IS 4 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1007/s12155-011-9130-x PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 858PA UT WOS:000297812200008 ER PT J AU Saha, BC Nichols, NN Cotta, MA AF Saha, Badal C. Nichols, Nancy N. Cotta, Michael A. TI Ethanol production from wheat straw by recombinant Escherichia coli strain FBR5 at high solid loading SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; Recombinant ethanologenic Escherichia coli; Separate hydrolysis and fermentation; Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation; Wheat straw hydrolyzate ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE 424A(LNH-ST); DILUTE-ACID PRETREATMENT; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; CORN STOVER; L-ARABINOSE; RICE HULLS; FERMENTATION; XYLOSE; GLUCOSE; HYDROLYSIS AB Ethanol production by a recombinant bacterium from wheat straw (WS) at high solid loading by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was studied. The yield of total sugars from dilute acid pretreated WS (150 g/L) after enzymatic saccharification was 86.3 +/- 1.5 g/L. The pretreated WS was bio-abated by growing a fungal strain aerobically in the liquid portion for 16 h. The recombinant Escherichia coli strain FBR5 produced 41.1 +/- 1.1 g ethanol/L from non-abated WS hydrolyzate (total sugars, 86.6 +/- 0.3 g/L) in 168 h at pH 7.0 and 35 degrees C. The bacterium produced 41.8 +/- 0.0 g ethanol/L in 120 h from the bioabated WS by SHF. It produced 41.6 +/- 0.7 g ethanol/L in 120 h from bioabated WS by fed-batch SSF. This is the first report of the production of above 4% ethanol from a lignocellulosic hydrolyzate by the recombinant bacterium. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Saha, Badal C.; Nichols, Nancy N.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Saha, BC (reprint author), ARS, Bioenergy Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Badal.Saha@ars.usda.gov OI Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754 NR 36 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 102 IS 23 BP 10892 EP 10897 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.041 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 854JJ UT WOS:000297490500017 PM 21983410 ER PT J AU Wang, XN Habib, E Leon, F Radwan, MM Tabanca, N Gao, JT Wedge, DE Cutler, SJ AF Wang, Xiaoning Habib, Eman Leon, Francisco Radwan, Mohamed M. Tabanca, Nurhayat Gao, Jiangtao Wedge, David E. Cutler, Stephen J. TI Antifungal Metabolites from the Roots of Diospyros virginiana by Overpressure Layer Chromatography SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Diospyros virginiana; Naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde; 4-hydroxy-5; 6-dimethoxy-; Betulin; Overpressure layer chromatography (OPLC); Antifungal activity ID BETULINIC ACID; OPLC; TRITERPENES; DERIVATIVES; COMPONENTS; SEPARATION; RESONANCE; EXTRACTS; DISEASES AB A preparative overpressure layer chromatography (OPLC) method was successfully used for the separation of two new natural compounds, 4-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxynaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde (1) and 12,13-didehydro-20,29-dihydrobetulin (2) together with nine known compounds, including 7-methyljuglone (3), diospyrin (4), isodiospyrin (5), shinanolone (6), lupeol (7), betulin (8), betulinic acid (9), betulinaldehyde (10), and ursolic acid (11) from the acetone extract of the roots of Diospyros virginiana. Their identification was accomplished by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESI-MS methods. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activities against Colletotrichum fragariae, C. gloeosporioides, C. acutatum, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis obscurans, and P. viticola using in vitro micro-dilution broth assay. The results indicated that compounds 3 and 5 showed high antifungal activity against P. obscurans at 30 mu M with 97.0 and 81.4% growth inhibition, and moderate activity against P. viticola (54.3 and 36.6%). It appears that an optimized OPLC system offers a rapid and efficient method of exploiting bioactive natural products. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA, ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Wang, Xiaoning; Habib, Eman; Leon, Francisco; Gao, Jiangtao; Cutler, Stephen J.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Med Chem, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Leon, Francisco] CSIC, Inst Prod Nat & Agrobiol, Tenerife 38206, Spain. [Radwan, Mohamed M.; Cutler, Stephen J.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Radwan, Mohamed M.] Univ Alexandria, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Alexandria, Egypt. RP Wedge, DE (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA, ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu; cutler@olemiss.edu RI wang, xiaoning/B-9133-2015; OI wang, xiaoning/0000-0001-7877-9964; Radwan, Mohamed/0000-0002-7393-8601; Leon, Francisco/0000-0002-5064-2381 FU National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5P20RR021929]; NIH National Center for Research Resources [C06 RR-14503-01]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain FX This project was supported by Grant No. 5P20RR021929 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NCRR or NIH. This investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from research facilities improvement program C06 RR-14503-01 from the NIH National Center for Research Resources. F. L. was supported by JAE-Postdoctoral Program from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain. The authors thank J. Linda Robertson and Ramona Pace for assistance in performing various bioassays, and J' Lynn Howell for the photographic expertise information. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1612-1872 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 2331 EP 2340 DI 10.1002/cbdv.201000310 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 858IV UT WOS:000297791000016 PM 22162171 ER PT J AU Abernathy, J Xu, DH Peatman, E Kucuktas, H Klesius, P Liu, ZJ AF Abernathy, Jason Xu, De-Hai Peatman, Eric Kucuktas, Huseyin Klesius, Phillip Liu, Zhanjiang TI Gene expression profiling of a fish parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis: Insights into development and senescence-associated avirulence SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Catfish; Ciliate; Genome; EST; Gene expression; Microarray; Parasite; Protozoa ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; MAJOR FACILITATOR SUPERFAMILY; REAL-TIME PCR; CELLULAR SENESCENCE; CHANNEL CATFISH; CYSTEINE PROTEASES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; EPIPLASMIN FAMILY; PROTEIN OXIDATION; RIBOSOMAL-RNA AB The ciliate parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich) infects many freshwater fish, causing white spot disease that leads to heavy economic losses to aquaculture and ornamental industries. Despite its economic importance, molecular studies examining fundamental processes such as life stage regulation and infectivity have been scarce. In this study, we developed an oligo microarray platform using all available I. multi:Pis expressed sequence tag (EST) information as well as probes designed through comparative genomics to other protozoa. Gene expression profiling for developmental and virulence factors was conducted using this platform. For the developmental study, the microarray was used to examine gene expression profiles between the three major life stages of Ich: infective theront, parasitic trophont, and reproductive tomont. A total of 135 putative I. multifiliis genes were found to be differentially expressed among all three life-stages. Examples of differentially expressed transcripts among life stages include immobilization antigens and epiplasmin, as well as various other transcripts involved in developmental regulation and host-parasite interactions. I. multifiliis has been shown to lose infectivity at later cell divisions potentially due to cellular senescence. Therefore, the microarray was also used to explore expression of senescence-associated genes as related to the passage number of the parasite. In this regard, comparison between tomont early and late passages yielded 493 differently expressed genes: 1478 differentially expressed genes were identified between trophont early and late passages. The EST-derived oligo microarray represents a first generation array of this ciliate and provided reproducible expression data as validated by quantitative RT-PCR. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Abernathy, Jason; Peatman, Eric; Kucuktas, Huseyin; Liu, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Program Cell & Mol Biosci,Aquat Genom Unit, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Xu, De-Hai; Klesius, Phillip] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Program Cell & Mol Biosci,Aquat Genom Unit, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM zliu@acesag.auburn.edu OI Abernathy, Jason/0000-0001-6084-8239 FU USDA NRI [2009-35205-05101]; USDA ARS Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory [58-6420-5-030] FX This project was supported by a grant from the USDA NRI Animal Genome Basic Genome Reagents and Tools Program (USDA/NRICGP award# 2009-35205-05101), and partially by a Specific Cooperative Agreement with the USDA ARS Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory under the contract number 58-6420-5-030. Preliminary sequence data for the I. multifiliis scaffolds was obtained from the J. Craig Venter Institute. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1744-117X J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS D JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. D-Genomics Proteomics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 BP 382 EP 392 DI 10.1016/j.cbd.2011.08.003 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 859NY UT WOS:000297884300005 PM 21890440 ER PT J AU Xiao, YF Osborne, LS Chen, JJ Mckenzie, C Houben, K Irizarry, F AF Xiao, Yingfang Osborne, Lance S. Chen, Jianjun Mckenzie, Cindy Houben, Katherine Irizarry, Fabieli TI Evaluation of corn plant as potential banker plant for supporting predatory gall midge, Feltiella acarisuga (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in greenhouse vegetable production SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Corn banker plants; Green bean; Host preference; Dispersal; Parasitism; Tetranychus urticae; Feltiella acarisuga; Oligonychus pratensis ID 2-SPOTTED SPIDER-MITES; AUGMENTATIVE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NATURAL ENEMIES; HOST PREFERENCE; VALLOT DIPTERA; KOCH ACARI; LIFE TABLE; HYMENOPTERA; DISPERSAL; EGGS AB The twospotted spider mite. Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is one of the most important and highly polyphagous pests of vegetables and other crops worldwide. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse to evaluate corn (Zea mays L.) as a banker plant for the predatory gall midge, Feltiella acarisuga (Vallot) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) to potentially control T'. urticae. Choice and no-choice experiments were carried out to determine the host plant preference of an alternative prey. Oligonychus pratensis (Banks)(Acari: Tetranychidae) to corn and green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Results showed that O. pratensis adults strongly preferred corn as a host plant and posed no risk to green bean. E acarisuga was found to fly at least 7.0 m to search for new preys on green bean plants, and over 176 acarisuga larvae per leaf were recorded at 14 d after dispersal. F. acansuga proved to be an excellent predator of both T urticae and O. pratensis. The predation by F. acarisuga to T. urticae and O. pratensis ranged from 43.7 to 67.9% and 59.2 to 90.3%, respectively, under laboratory conditions. In a non-cage study, 81.2% of T'. urticae population was suppressed by E acarisuga in reference to the control (cage treatment). The results showed that this banker plant system has potential for controlling T urticae in greenhouse vegetable production. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiao, Yingfang; Osborne, Lance S.; Chen, Jianjun; Houben, Katherine; Irizarry, Fabieli] Univ Florida, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Chen, Jianjun; Irizarry, Fabieli] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Hort, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Mckenzie, Cindy; Irizarry, Fabieli] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Xiao, YF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. EM yfxiao@ufl.edu FU EPA; IFAS/UF; FNRI FX The authors would like to thank Irma Herrera and Younes Belmourd for helping with starting and rearing our laboratory colonies. Funding for this study was provided through grants from the EPA, FNRI and IFAS/UF grants program. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1635 EP 1642 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.09.004 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 854FW UT WOS:000297481400017 ER PT J AU McQuate, GT Jameson, ML AF McQuate, Grant T. Jameson, Mary Liz TI Control of Chinese rose beetle through the use of solar-powered nighttime illumination SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Adoretussinicus; negative phototaxis; herbivory; cacao; Theobroma cacao; Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae; Malvaceae ID SUPERPOSITION EYES; RESPONSES; LIGHT; COLEOPTERA AB Chinese rose beetle, Adoretus sinicus (Burmeister) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Adoretini), found in Asia and the Pacific Islands, was first reported in Hawaii (USA) in 1891. Adults feed at night on leaves of a wide range of plant species. Aggregate feeding can stunt or even kill host plants. Chinese rose beetle is one of the most serious pests of young cacao [Theobroma cacao L. (Malvaceae)] trees, and has been a problem for orchard establishment in the developing cacao industry in Hawaii. One promising pesticide-free control method takes advantage of the avoidance of light by adult beetles when they select the plant on which they will feed at night. We tested the effectiveness of nighttime illumination provided by a portable solar-based light-emitting diode spotlight system as a means of reducing beetle populations on host plants, first using castor bean, Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae), as a test plant, followed by orchard-scale testing in young cacao orchards. Using Chinese rose beetle-populated castor bean plants, counts were made of numbers of beetles on both non-illuminated and illuminated plants. Nighttime illumination suppressed beetle numbers, with increased suppression associated with extended duration of illumination (number of nights) and with increased intensity of illumination: 2.5 lux was sufficient to give >50% suppression, and 4.0 lux was sufficient to give >75% suppression over 4 nights of illumination. In cacao orchard tests, there was over 93% reduction of beetle numbers in each test orchard, following 4 nights of illumination. The results clearly show that nighttime illumination can be used as a means of reducing Chinese rose beetle population size, and presumed aggregate defoliation on a host plant. We believe that this is the first report of the use of nighttime illumination as a means of suppressing damage of plants by insects. C1 [McQuate, Grant T.] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Jameson, Mary Liz] Wichita State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. RP McQuate, GT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr PBARC, 64 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM grant.mcquate@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 141 IS 3 BP 187 EP 196 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01186.x PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 849TB UT WOS:000297147000001 ER PT J AU Dowd, PF Johnson, ET Vermillion, KE Berhow, MA Palmquist, DE AF Dowd, Patrick F. Johnson, Eric T. Vermillion, Karl E. Berhow, Mark A. Palmquist, Debra E. TI Coconut leaf bioactivity toward generalist maize insect pests SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE insect resistance; caterpillar; allelochemical; tropical plant; Spodoptera frugiperda; Helicoverpa zea; Cocos nucifera; Arecaceae; Zea mays; Poaceae; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae; pheophytin a ID LOWLAND RAIN-FORESTS; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA; CHLOROPHYLL; PHEOPHYTIN; DEGRADATION; RESISTANCE; TOXICITY; LEAVES; PLANTS; PALMS AB Tropical plants are often more resistant to insects than temperate plants due to evolution of robust defenses to cope with a more constant insect threat. Coconut [Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae)] has very few chewing-type leaf feeding insect pests and was tested for feeding suitability against two generalist leaf feeding caterpillar species, corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (both Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Feeding on leaf tissues from the most recently expanded leaves of a coconut variety caused significant mortality and reduced growth rates (as indicated by survivor weights) of S. frugiperda and H. zea compared to when they fed on leaves from a typical host, maize [Zea mays L. (Poaceae)], or the standard artificial diet. Proteins or other polymers did not appear to be responsible for the bioactivity noted against the caterpillars. Components responsible for activity were acetone extractable and separable by thin layer chromatography. Extracts from multiple areas of the thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates caused significant reductions in growth rates of S. frugiperda. The most bioactive TLC-separated component, identified as pheophytin a, caused oxidative browning of test diets, suggesting that cytotoxicity of reactive oxygen species is a likely mode of action against H. zea and S. frugiperda. C1 [Dowd, Patrick F.; Johnson, Eric T.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vermillion, Karl E.; Berhow, Mark A.] Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Funct Foods Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Palmquist, Debra E.] ARS, Midwest Area, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dowd, PF (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM patrick.dowd@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0002-1665-6229 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 141 IS 3 BP 208 EP 215 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01188.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 849TB UT WOS:000297147000003 ER PT J AU Weiland, JJ Edwards, MC AF Weiland, John J. Edwards, Michael C. TI Linear-motion tattoo machine and prefabricated needle sets for the delivery of plant viruses by vascular puncture inoculation SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Luteovirus; Marafivirus; Mechanical inoculation ID BLUE-DWARF-VIRUS; HIGH-PLAINS-VIRUS; MOSAIC-VIRUS; MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION; MAIZE KERNELS; BARLEY; HOST; DNA AB Vascular puncture inoculation (VPI) of plant viruses previously has been conducted either manually or by use of a commercial engraving tool and laboratory-fabricated needle arrays. In an effort to improve this technique, a linear-motion tattoo machine driving industry-standard needle arrays was tested as a means of delivering plant viruses into maize and small grain seed embryos. The new method was applied in the successful transmission of maize rayado fino virus (MRFV), the type member of the genus Marafivirus, from an archived sample to maize. Subsequent transfer of MRFV from the sap of an infected plant using the method produced an average infection rate in maize of 70% (range 39-93%). Maize, oat, and triticale were successfully infected with oat blue dwarf virus (OBDV) using the method; similar infection rates were observed between maize seeds inoculated with the tattoo machine and those inoculated with the engraving machine when using prefabricated needle arrays. No infection was obtained in repeated tests with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) or cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV-RPV) using either sap or RNA from infectious cloned cDNA. Replacement of the original engraving-tool with a linear-motion tattoo machine in VPI provides greater flexibility and convenience in a quiet, readily-available instrument, while improving reproducibility through the use of prefabricated needle arrays. C1 [Weiland, John J.; Edwards, Michael C.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Edwards, MC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM michael.edwards@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 131 IS 4 BP 553 EP 558 DI 10.1007/s10658-011-9830-2 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 855HT UT WOS:000297555200002 ER PT J AU Lu, NH Wang, JF Chen, XM Zhan, GM Chen, CQ Huang, LL Kang, ZS AF Lu, Ninghai Wang, Jianfeng Chen, Xianming Zhan, Gangming Chen, Changqing Huang, Lili Kang, Zhensheng TI Spatial genetic diversity and interregional spread of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici in Northwest China SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gene flow; Genetic differentiation; Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici; Spread of pathogen; Stripe rust; Triticum aestivum ID WHEAT STRIPE RUST AB In China, wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. The Longnan and Linxia regions in Gansu Province and Qinghai Province are the major over-summering regions for the pathogen and key epidemiological zones in Northwest China. Population genetic diversity and interregional long-distance spread of the wheat stripe rust pathogen in Northwest China were studied using SSR markers. The genetic diversity in the Longnan population was much higher than those in the Linxia and Qinghai populations. Therefore, the molecular data confirmed that the Longnan region is a center of genetic diversity for P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in Northwest China. The low genetic differentiation (Gst=0.15) and the extensive gene flow (Nm=1.37) were found among the three regions in Northwest China. The most important conclusion of this study is that the stripe rust inoculum in Qinghai can come from both Longnan and Linxia, but mainly from Longnan directly in the spring. C1 [Lu, Ninghai; Wang, Jianfeng; Zhan, Gangming; Chen, Changqing; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Aried Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Lu, Ninghai; Wang, Jianfeng; Zhan, Gangming; Chen, Changqing; Huang, Lili; Kang, Zhensheng] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lu, Ninghai] Henan Inst Sci & Technol, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, Peoples R China. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Aried Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008 FU National Basic Research Program of China [2006CB100203]; Nature Science Foundation of China [30930064]; Ministry of Agriculture of China [200903035-02]; Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This study was supported by grants from National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2006CB100203), Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 30930064), the Hangye Program from the Ministry of Agriculture of China (200903035-02), and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049). NR 19 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 131 IS 4 BP 685 EP 693 DI 10.1007/s10658-011-9842-y PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 855HT UT WOS:000297555200013 ER PT J AU Woods, JL James, DG Lee, JC Gent, DH AF Woods, J. L. James, D. G. Lee, J. C. Gent, D. H. TI Evaluation of airborne methyl salicylate for improved conservation biological control of two-spotted spider mite and hop aphid in Oregon hop yards SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Semiochemicals; Humulus lupulus; Integrated pest management ID INDUCED PLANT VOLATILES; PHORODON HUMULI HOMOPTERA; BENEFICIAL INSECTS; TETRANYCHUS-URTICAE; POPULATION DEVELOPMENT; ACARI TETRANYCHIDAE; INTEGRATED CONTROL; FIELD-EVALUATION; NATURAL ENEMIES; ATTRACTANTS AB The use of synthetic herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPV) to attract natural enemies has received interest as a tool to enhance conservation biological control (CBC). Methyl salicylate (MeSA) is a HIPV that is attractive to several key predators of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), and hop aphid, Phorodon humuli (Schrank) (Homoptera: Aphididae). A 2-year study was conducted to evaluate the recommended commercial use of MeSA in hop yards in Oregon. Slow-release MeSA dispensers were stapled to supporting poles in 0.5 ha plots and these plots were compared to a paired non-treated plot on each of three farms in 2008 and 2009. Across both years, there was a trend for reduced (range 40-91%) mean seasonal numbers of T. urticae in five of the six MeSA-baited plots. Stethorus spp., key spider mite predators, tended to be more numerous in MeSA-baited plots compared to control plots on a given farm. Mean seasonal densities of hop aphid and other natural enemies (e.g., Orius spp. and Anystis spp.) were similar between MeSA-treated and control plots. Variability among farms in suppression of two-spotted spider mites and attraction of Stethorus spp. suggests that the use of MeSA to enhance CBC of spider mites in commercial hop yards may be influenced by site-specific factors related to the agroecology of individual farms or seasonal effects that require further investigation. The current study also suggests that CBC of hop aphid with MeSA in this environment may be unsatisfactory. C1 [Gent, D. H.] USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gent, D. H.] USDA ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lee, J. C.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [James, D. G.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Woods, J. L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gent, DH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM gentd@onid.orst.edu FU Oregon Hop Commission; Oregon State University; Washington State University; USDA-ARS CRIS [5358-21000-035-00, 5358-22000-032-00D]; USDA-CSREES Western IPM Center [2007-34103-18579] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge technical support from Nanci Adair, Hayden Ausland, Tora Brooks, Dave Edwards, Nikko Fujita, Kazandra King, Danielle Lightle, Leah Mancino, Chase Annen, Katie Roseboro, Thomas Whitney, and Jeff Wong. We also thank Angela Gadino and Dr. Sujaya Rao for their review of an earlier draft of the manuscript. Funding for these studies was provided from the Oregon Hop Commission, Oregon State University, Washington State University, USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5358-21000-035-00, USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5358-22000-032-00D, and USDA-CSREES Western IPM Center Award No. 2007-34103-18579. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 42 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 401 EP 416 DI 10.1007/s10493-011-9495-8 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 856HF UT WOS:000297628800008 PM 22020782 ER PT J AU Li, RW Tuo, WB AF Li, Robert W. Tuo, Wenbin TI Neospora caninum: Comparative gene expression profiling of Neospora caninum wild type and a temperature sensitive clone SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neospora caninum; Microarray; Ncts-8; Tachyzoites; Gene expression ID NASCENT SECRETORY VESICLES; ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR; TRANS-GOLGI NETWORK; CHAIN BINDING-SITE; HOST-CELL INVASION; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; APICOMPLEXAN PARASITES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ENTAMOEBA-HISTOLYTICA AB To understand the genetic basis of virulence, gene expression profiles of a temperature-sensitive clone (NCts-8, relatively avirulent) and its wild type (NC-1) of Neospora caninum were characterized and compared using a high-density microarray with approximately 63,000 distinct oligonucleotides. This microarray consists of 5692 unique N. caninum sequences, including 1980 Tentative Consensus sequences and 3712 singleton ESTs from the TIGR N. caninum Gene Index (NCGI, release 5.0). Each sequence was represented by 11 distinct 60mer oligonucleotides synthesized in situ on the microarray. The results showed that 111 genes were significantly repressed and no up-regulated genes were identified in the NCts-8 clone. The level of 10 randomly selected genes from the repressed genes was confirmed using real-time RT-PCR. Of the 111 repressed genes, 58 were hypothetical protein products and 53 were annotated genes. Over 70% of the repressed genes identified in this study are clustered on five chromosomes (I, VII, VIII, X and XII). These results suggest that the down-regulated genes may be in part responsible for the reduced pathogenesis of NCts-8; further characterization of the regulated genes may aid in understanding of molecular basis of virulence and development of countermeasures against neosporosis. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Tuo, Wenbin] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Li, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Tuo, WB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bldg 1040,Room 208, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM wenbin.tuo@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 129 IS 4 BP 346 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.09.007 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 858DY UT WOS:000297777300004 PM 21963790 ER PT J AU Saez, AC Zhang, JY Rostagno, MH Ebner, PD AF Saez, Anthea C. Zhang, Jiayi Rostagno, Marcos H. Ebner, Paul D. TI Direct Feeding of Microencapsulated Bacteriophages to Reduce Salmonella Colonization in Pigs SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ENTERICA; TYPHIMURIUM; CHICKENS; TRANSPORTATION; POPULATIONS; ENVIRONMENT; PREVALENCE; BROILERS; THERAPY AB Salmonella shedding often increases in pigs after transportation and/or lairage. We previously showed that administering anti-Salmonella bacteriophages to pigs by gavage significantly reduced Salmonella colonization when the pigs were exposed to a Salmonella-contaminated holding pen. Here we tested whether a microencapsulated phage cocktail would remain effective if the treatment was administered to pigs in the feed. Pigs (n = 21) were randomly placed into three groups: feed, gavage, and control. The feed group was direct-fed a microencapsulated phage cocktail daily for 5 days. On the fifth day, the gavage group received the same phage cocktail by gavage, whereas control pigs received a mock treatment containing no phage. All pigs were then orally challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Fecal swab samples were collected every 2 h. At 6 h postchallenge, all pigs were euthanized, and ileal and cecal contents and mesenteric lymph nodes were collected and analyzed for the challenge organism. Pigs in the feed group were less likely to shed Salmonella Typhimurium at 2 h (38.1%) and 4 h (42.9%) postchallenge than pigs in both the gavage (2 h: 71.4%; 4 h: 81.1%) and control (2 h: 71.4%; 4 h: 85.7%) groups (p < 0.05). Likewise, concentrations of Salmonella Typhimurium in ileal (2.0 log(10) colony forming units [CFU]/mL [contents]) and cecal (2.7 log(10) CFU/mL) contents from feed pigs were lower than ileal (3.0 log(10) CFU/mL) and cecal (3.7 log(10) CFU/mL) contents from control pigs. High concentrations of anti-Salmonella phages were detected in ileal and cecal contents from both feed and gavage pigs (feed ileal: 1.4 x 10(6); feed cecal 8.5 x 10(6); gavage ileal 2.0 x 10(4); gavage cecal: 2.2 x 10(3)). It is concluded that direct feeding of microencapsulated phages is a practical and effective means of reducing Salmonella colonization and shedding in pigs. C1 [Saez, Anthea C.; Zhang, Jiayi; Rostagno, Marcos H.; Ebner, Paul D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rostagno, Marcos H.] ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN USA. RP Ebner, PD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, 915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM pebner@purdue.edu FU National Pork Board FX This research was supported in part by the National Pork Board. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1269 EP 1274 DI 10.1089/fpd.2011.0905 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 860AX UT WOS:000297919000005 PM 21854261 ER PT J AU Harvey, RB Norman, KN Andrews, K Hume, ME Scanlan, CM Callaway, TR Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Harvey, Roger B. Norman, Keri N. Andrews, Kathleen Hume, Michael E. Scanlan, Charles M. Callaway, Todd R. Anderson, Robin C. Nisbet, David J. TI Clostridium difficile in Poultry and Poultry Meat SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RETAIL MEAT; EPIDEMIC AB The incidence and severity of disease associated with toxigenic Clostridium difficile have increased in hospitals in North America from the emergence of newer, more virulent strains. Toxigenic C. difficile has been isolated from food animals and retail meat with potential implications of transfer to human beings. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of toxigenic C. difficile in chickens and retail poultry meat in Texas. Seven C. difficile isolates were detected in fecal samples of 300 (2.3%) broiler chickens. Three cultivation procedures were evaluated for isolation of C. difficile from poultry meat and detected 1/32 (3.1%), 2/32 (6.2%), and 4/32 (12.5%) for the three procedures, respectively. Chicken and poultry meat isolates were characterized as toxinotype V and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis gel type-NAP7 or NAP7-variant. Susceptibilities to 11 antimicrobial agents in the current study suggested somewhat reduced resistance than reported for other meat or animal toxinotype V isolates. C1 [Harvey, Roger B.; Andrews, Kathleen; Hume, Michael E.; Callaway, Todd R.; Anderson, Robin C.; Nisbet, David J.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, SPARC, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Norman, Keri N.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Scanlan, Charles M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX USA. RP Harvey, RB (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, SPARC, USDA, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM roger.harvey@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1321 EP 1323 DI 10.1089/fpd.2011.0936 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 860AX UT WOS:000297919000014 PM 21877928 ER PT J AU Corona, P Chirici, G McRoberts, RE Winter, S Barbati, A AF Corona, Piermaria Chirici, Gherardo McRoberts, Ronald E. Winter, Susanne Barbati, Anna TI Contribution of large-scale forest inventories to biodiversity assessment and monitoring SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Forest biodiversity indicators; Probabilistic sampling; Forest types; Landscape metrics ID DIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION; PATTERN; CHECKLIST; DENSITY; METRICS; TOOL AB Statistically-designed inventories and biodiversity monitoring programs are gaining relevance for biological conservation and natural resources management. Mandated periodic surveys provide unique opportunities to identify and satisfy natural resources management information needs. However, this is not an end in itself but rather is the beginning of a process that should lead to sound decision-making in biodiversity conservation. Forest inventories are currently evolving towards multipurpose resource surveys and are broadening their scope in several directions: (i) expansion of the target population to include non-traditional attributes such as trees outside the forest and urban forests; (H) forest carbon pools and carbon sequestration estimation; (iii) assessment of forest health; and (iv) inclusion of additional variables such as biodiversity attributes that are not directly related to timber assessment and wood harvesting. There is an on-going debate regarding the role of forest inventories in biodiversity assessment and monitoring. This paper presents a review on the topic that aims at providing updated knowledge on the current contribution of forest inventories to the assessment and monitoring of forest biodiversity conditions on a large scale. Specific objectives are fourfold: (i) to highlight the types of forest biodiversity indicators that can be estimated from data collected in the framework of standard forest inventories and the implications of different sampling methods on the estimation of the indicators; (ii) to outline current possibilities for harmonized estimation of biodiversity indicators in Europe from National Forest Inventory data; (Hi) to show the added value for forest biodiversity monitoring of framing biodiversity indicators into ecologically meaningful forest type units; and (iv) to examine the potential of forest inventory sample data for estimating landscape biodiversity metrics. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Corona, Piermaria; Barbati, Anna] Univ Tuscia, Dipartimento Innovaz Nei Sistemi Biol Agroaliment, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Chirici, Gherardo] Univ Molise, Dipartimento Sci Tecnol Ambientali Forestali, I-86090 Pesche, Isernia, Italy. [McRoberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Winter, Susanne] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. RP Barbati, A (reprint author), Univ Tuscia, Dipartimento Innovaz Nei Sistemi Biol Agroaliment, Via San Camillo de Lellis, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. EM piermaria.corona@unitus.it; rmcroberts@fs.fed.us; winter@wzw.tum.de; barbati.sisfor@unitus.it RI Chirici, Gherardo/E-6364-2010; Corona, Piermaria/G-1565-2011; BARBATI, ANNA/E-5731-2015 OI Chirici, Gherardo/0000-0002-0669-5726; Corona, Piermaria/0000-0002-8105-0792; BARBATI, ANNA/0000-0002-9064-0903 FU Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research FX This work was partially carried out with funds by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research, under the program PRIN2009 (National coordinator: P. Corona). NR 65 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 6 U2 70 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 11 BP 2061 EP 2069 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.044 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 855YM UT WOS:000297602200012 ER PT J AU D'Amato, AW Fraver, S Palik, BJ Bradford, JB Patty, L AF D'Amato, Anthony W. Fraver, Shawn Palik, Brian J. Bradford, John B. Patty, Laura TI Singular and interactive effects of blowdown, salvage logging, and wildfire in sub-boreal pine systems SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biological legacies; Compound disturbances; Pinus banksiana; Salvage logging; Wild fire; Wind disturbance ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; FIRE SEVERITY; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; POSTFIRE SALVAGE; ALPINE FORESTS; VEGETATION; REGENERATION; QUEBEC; MINNESOTA; DYNAMICS AB The role of disturbance in structuring vegetation is widely recognized; however, we are only beginning to understand the effects of multiple interacting disturbances on ecosystem recovery and development. Of particular interest is the impact of post-disturbance management interventions, particularly in light of the global controversy surrounding the effects of salvage logging on forest ecosystem recovery. Studies of salvage logging impacts have focused on the effects of post-disturbance salvage logging within the context of a single natural disturbance event. There have been no formal evaluations of how these effects may differ when followed in short sequence by a second, high severity natural disturbance. To evaluate the impact of this management practice within the context of multiple disturbances, we examined the structural and woody plant community responses of sub-boreal Pinus banksiana systems to a rapid sequence of disturbances. Specifically, we compared responses to Blowdown (B), Fire (F), Blowdown-Fire, and Blowdown-Salvage-Fire (BSF) and compared these to undisturbed control (C) stands. Comparisons between BF and BSF indicated that the primary effect of salvage logging was a decrease in the abundance of structural legacies, such as downed woody debris and snags. Both of these compound disturbance sequences (BF and BSF), resulted in similar woody plant communities, largely dominated by Populus tremuloides; however, there was greater homogeneity in community composition in salvage logged areas. Areas experiencing solely fire (F stands) were dominated by P. banksiana regeneration, and blowdown areas (B stands) were largely characterized by regeneration from shade tolerant conifer species. Our results suggest that salvage logging impacts on woody plant communities are diminished when followed by a second high severity disturbance; however, impacts on structural legacies persist. Provisions for the retention of snags, downed logs, and surviving trees as part of salvage logging operations will minimize these structural impacts and may allow for greater ecosystem recovery following these disturbance combinations. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [D'Amato, Anthony W.; Patty, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fraver, Shawn; Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, SW Biol Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP D'Amato, AW (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall,1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM damato@umn.edu; sfraver@fs.fed.us; bpalik@fs.fed.us; jbbradford@usgs.gov; dunn0224@umn.edu RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU Joint Fire Science Program [08-1-5-04]; Northern Research Station, US Forest Service FX We thank Dan Gilmore and John Zasada for establishing the initial study plots and Sonya Erlandson, Samantha Jones, Doug Kastendick, Josh Kragthorpe, Amy Milo, Zachary Patty, and Jeff Smith for assistance with field measurements. Funding was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project 08-1-5-04) and the Northern Research Station, US Forest Service. NR 63 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 11 BP 2070 EP 2078 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.09.003 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 855YM UT WOS:000297602200013 ER PT J AU Quan, B Romkens, MJM Li, R Wang, F Chen, J AF Quan, Bin Roemkens, M. J. M. Li, Rui Wang, Fang Chen, Jie TI Effect of land use and land cover change on soil erosion and the spatio-temporal variation in Liupan Mountain Region, southern Ningxia, China SO FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING IN CHINA LA English DT Article DE land use/land cover change; soil erosion; geographical information system; remote sensing; Liupan Mountain Region ID SPATIAL-TEMPORAL PATTERN; DRIVING FORCES; PROVINCE AB The Liupan Mountains are located in the southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, that forms an important divide between landforms and biogeographic regions. The populated part of the Liupan Mountain Region has suffered tremendous ecological damage over time due to population pressure, excessive demand and inappropriate use of agricultural land resources. To present the relationship between land use/cover change and spatio-temporal variation of soil erosion, data sets of land use between the late 1980s and 2000 were obtained from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery, and spatial models were used to characterize landscape and soil erosion conditions. Also, soil erosion in response to land use and land cover change were quantified and analyzed using data from geographical information systems and remote sensing. Soil erosion by water was the dominant mode of soil loss, while soil erosion by wind was only present on a relatively small area. The degree of soil erosion was classified into five severity classes: slight, light, moderate, severe, and very severe. Soil erosion in the Liupan Mountain Region increased between the late 1980s and 2000, both in terms of acreage and severity. Moderate, severe, and very severe eroded areas accounted for 54.86% of the total land area. The lightly eroded area decreased, while the moderately eroded area increased by 368817 ha (22%) followed by severe erosion with 146552 ha (8.8%), and very severe erosion by 97067.6 ha (5.8%). Soil loss on sloping cropland increased with slope gradients. About 90% of the cropland was located on slopes less than 15A degrees. Most of the increase in soil erosion on cropland was due to conversion of steep slopes to cropland and degradation of grassland and increased activities. Soil erosion was severe on grassland with a moderate or low grass cover and on dry land. Human activities, cultivation on steep slopes, and overgrazing of pastures were the main reasons for the increase in erosion severity. C1 [Quan, Bin; Wang, Fang; Chen, Jie] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Geospatial Informat Sci, Xiangtan 411201, Peoples R China. [Quan, Bin; Li, Rui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Water & Soil Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Quan, Bin; Li, Rui] Minist Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Roemkens, M. J. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Quan, Bin] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Hunan Key Lab Coal Resources Clean Utilizat & Min, Xiangtan 411201, Peoples R China. [Wang, Fang] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. RP Quan, B (reprint author), Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Geospatial Informat Sci, Xiangtan 411201, Peoples R China. EM quanbin308@yahoo.com.cn FU State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau; Institute of Water and Soil Conservation; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ministry of Water Resources [10501-298]; National Key Basic Research Program [2007CB407200]; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science; Beijing Normal University; Institude of Remote Sensing Applicantions of Chinese Academy of Sciences [2009KFJJ019] FX This research was supported by program of the State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources (No. 10501-298), National Key Basic Research Program (2007CB407200) and Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and the Institude of Remote Sensing Applicantions of Chinese Academy of Sciences (2009KFJJ019). NR 28 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 35 PU HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS PI BEIJING PA SHATANHOU ST 55, BEIJING 100009, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1673-7415 J9 FRONT ENVIRON SCI EN JI Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 564 EP 572 DI 10.1007/s11783-011-0348-9 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 857VA UT WOS:000297749600010 ER PT J AU Sarver, BAJ Ward, TJ Gale, LR Broz, K Kistler, HC Aoki, T Nicholson, P Carter, J O'Donnell, K AF Sarver, Brice A. J. Ward, Todd J. Gale, Liane R. Broz, Karen Kistler, H. Corby Aoki, Takayuki Nicholson, Paul Carter, Jon O'Donnell, Kerry TI Novel Fusarium head blight pathogens from Nepal and Louisiana revealed by multilocus genealogical concordance SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deoxynivalenol; 15ADON; Fusarium head blight; Genealogical concordance; Mycotoxin; Nivalenol; Phylogeny; Reciprocal monophyly; Trichothecene ID GRAMINEARUM SPECIES COMPLEX; DNA-SEQUENCE DATABASE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; UNITED-STATES; WHEAT SPIKES; F-ASIATICUM; POPULATIONS AB This study was conducted to assess evolutionary relationships, species diversity and trichothecene toxin potential of five Fusarium graminearum complex (FGSC) isolates identified as genetically novel during prior Fusarium head blight (FHB) surveys in Nepal and Louisiana. Results of a multilocus genotyping (MLGT) assay for B-trichothecene species determination indicated these isolates might represent novel species within the FGSC. GCPSR-based phylogenetic analyses of a 12-gene dataset, comprising portions of seven loci totaling 13.1 kb of aligned DNA sequence data, provided strong support for the genealogical exclusivity of the Nepalese and Louisianan isolates. Accordingly, both species are formally recognized herein as novel FGSC species. Fusarium nepalense was resolved as the sister lineage of Fusarium ussurianum + Fusarium asiaticum within an Asian subclade of the FGSC. Fusarium louisianense was strongly supported as a reciprocally monophyletic sister of Fusarium gerlachii + F. graminearum, suggesting that this subclade might be endemic to North America. Multilocus Bayesian species tree analyses augment these results and provide evidence for a distinct lineage within F. graminearum predominately from the Gulf Coast of Louisiana. As predicted by the MLGT assay, mycotoxin analyses demonstrated that F. nepalense and F. louisianense could produce 15ADON and nivalenol, respectively, in planta. In addition, both species were only able to induce mild FHB symptoms on wheat in pathogenicity experiments. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ward, Todd J.; O'Donnell, Kerry] Agr Res Serv, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sarver, Brice A. J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Gale, Liane R.; Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Broz, Karen; Kistler, H. Corby] Agr Res Serv, Cereal Dis Lab, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Aoki, Takayuki] NIAS, NIAS Genebank Microorganisms Sect MAFF, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Nicholson, Paul; Carter, Jon] John Innes Ctr, Dept Dis & Stress Biol, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. RP O'Donnell, K (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kerry.odonnell@ars.usda.gov RI Nicholson, Paul/I-4314-2012; OI Broz, Karen/0000-0001-7928-7216 FU NIH/NCRR [P20RR16448, P20RR016454]; US Department of Agriculture, US Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative [59-0790-7-074] FX Special thanks are due Stacy Sink and Nathane Orwig for excellent technical support and Yanhong Dong Mycotoxin Laboratory, University of Minnesota, for the GC/MS mycotoxin analyses. BAJS specifically thanks Joseph Brown, Jack Sullivan, David Tank, Luke Harmon, and Travis Hagey for helpful discussion. IBEST Bioinformatics facilities are supported by NIH/NCRR P20RR16448 and P20RR016454. LRG and HCK acknowledge that a portion of this research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 59-0790-7-074, a cooperative project of the US Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the US Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 60 TC 65 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1096 EP 1107 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2011.09.002 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 859TV UT WOS:000297899600003 PM 22004876 ER PT J AU Aguiar, AD Tedeschi, LO Rouquette, FM McCuistion, K Ortega-Santos, JA Anderson, R DeLaney, D Moore, S AF Aguiar, A. D. Tedeschi, L. O. Rouquette, F. M., Jr. McCuistion, K. Ortega-Santos, J. A. Anderson, R. DeLaney, D. Moore, S. TI Determination of nutritive value of forages in south Texas using an in vitro gas production technique SO GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; in vitro; modelling; nutrition; prediction; simulation ID GENERALIZED COMPARTMENTAL MODEL; NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER; LACTATING BEEF-COWS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PERENNIAL GRASSES; NET CARBOHYDRATE; MILK-PRODUCTION; RUMINANT FEEDS; PROTEIN SYSTEM; DIGESTION AB The objectives of this study were to use the in vitro gas production ( IVGP) technique to evaluate the pattern and parameters of anaerobic fermentation of forages from south Texas pastures throughout the year to ( i) obtain empirical relationships between the IVGP technique fermentation parameters and chemical composition of the forages and ( ii) develop equations to compute total digestible nutrients ( TDN). During four consecutive years ( 2006- 2009), forage samples were collected monthly ( n = 39) at the King Ranch, TX, and chemical analyses and IVGP were obtained. For 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009, the average lag times, h, were 6 47 +/- 0 54, 7 75 +/- 0 65, 7 49 +/- 2 01 and 5 44 +/- 1 46, and the average ratio of millilitre of gas per milligram of dry matter was 0 41 +/- 0 11, 0 34 +/- 0 09, 0 34 +/- 0 07 and 0 26 +/- 0 10 respectively. There was a moderate negative correlation ( r =) 0 53) between lignin and neutral detergent fibre ( NDF) and a moderate positive correlation ( r = 0 58) between crude protein and NDF digestibility. The predicted fractional passage rate ( kp) by the large ruminant nutrition system model using the level 2 solution was on average 0 0366 h) 1. The average computed TDN assuming a kp of 0 04 h) 1 was 55 9%. We concluded the IVGP technique may be used to predict TDN values of warm- season forages. C1 [Tedeschi, L. O.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Rouquette, F. M., Jr.] Texas A&M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Agron, College Stn, TX USA. [McCuistion, K.] Texas A&M Univ, King Ranch Inst Ranch Management, Kingsville, TX USA. [Ortega-Santos, J. A.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX USA. [Anderson, R.] ARS, USDA, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [DeLaney, D.; Moore, S.] King Ranch, Kingsville, TX USA. RP Tedeschi, LO (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, 230 Kleberg Ctr,2471 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM luis.tedeschi@tamu.edu RI Tedeschi, Luis/C-4395-2016 OI Tedeschi, Luis/0000-0003-1883-4911 NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0142-5242 J9 GRASS FORAGE SCI JI Grass Forage Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 66 IS 4 BP 526 EP 540 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00809.x PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 850QS UT WOS:000297212600007 ER PT J AU Bartholomew, PW Schneider, JM Williams, RD AF Bartholomew, P. W. Schneider, J. M. Williams, R. D. TI Pasture residue amount and sowing method effects on establishment of overseeded cool-season grasses and on total annual production of herbage SO GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE oversowing; Italian ryegrass; Festuca spp; herbage yield; temperature; winter damage ID SOIL-TEMPERATURE; MIXED PRAIRIE; MANAGEMENT; LITTER; WATER; REMOVAL; SURFACE; SOWN AB Warm-season pasture residue may create problems for no-till overseeding with cool-season grasses in the USA Southern Plains. Removal of residue to facilitate overseeding, however, represents additional cost and labour that may not be available on small livestock farms. Field experiments were undertaken to assess the effects of above-surface residues of warm-season pasture averaging 1.62, 2.48 or 3.36 t DM ha-1 on establishment and herbage production of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) or tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) overseeded by broadcasting or by no-till drilling into dormant warm-season pasture. On average, no-till drilling was more effective than broadcasting in establishing both grass species, but it was no more effective than broadcasting when used with the greatest amount of residue. Cool-season grass production was increased by 0.16 when no-till drilled, but combined yearly total herbage production of cool- and warm-season grasses was increased by 0.07 when cool-season grasses were established by broadcasting. Amount of residue at sowing did not significantly affect herbage yield of cool-season grass, but increased residue in autumn resulted in a 0.16 increase in total herbage production in the year following sowing. Residue amount did not affect over-winter survival of grass seedlings, and productivity benefits of increased residue are small compared with reduced harvest arising from underutilization of warm-season pasture residue in autumn. C1 [Bartholomew, P. W.; Williams, R. D.] Langston Univ, USDA, ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Langston, OK USA. [Schneider, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. RP Bartholomew, PW (reprint author), Langston Univ, USDA, ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, Langston, OK USA. EM PBarthol@luresext.edu FU US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) FX This work was funded by the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS). The authors gratefully acknowledge the valuable technical support provided by Kathie Wynn and Justin Cash throughout the implementation of these studies. Mention of trademark names does not represent an endorsement over other comparable products by the USDA-ARS. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0142-5242 J9 GRASS FORAGE SCI JI Grass Forage Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 66 IS 4 BP 560 EP 568 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00813.x PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 850QS UT WOS:000297212600010 ER PT J AU Ramer-Tait, A Overstreet, AM Atherly, T Hostetter, J Ziemer, C Jergens, A Wannemuehler, M AF Ramer-Tait, Amanda Overstreet, Anne-Marie Atherly, Todd Hostetter, Jesse Ziemer, Cherie Jergens, Albert Wannemuehler, Michael TI Enhanced susceptibility to an inflammatory insult following Escherichia coli colonization is associated with changes in the density and spatial distribution of the microbiota SO INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ramer-Tait, Amanda; Overstreet, Anne-Marie; Hostetter, Jesse; Jergens, Albert; Wannemuehler, Michael] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Atherly, Todd; Ziemer, Cherie] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1078-0998 J9 INFLAMM BOWEL DIS JI Inflamm. Bowel Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 SU 2 BP S80 EP S80 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 857RB UT WOS:000297735300261 ER PT J AU Wang, SY Chen, HJ Ehlenfeldt, MK AF Wang, Shiow Y. Chen, Hangjun Ehlenfeldt, Mark K. TI Antioxidant capacities vary substantially among cultivars of rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant capacity; reactive oxygen species; Vaccinium species ID SCAVENGING CAPACITY; ANTHOCYANIN CONTENT; HYDROXYL RADICALS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PHENOLIC CONTENT; SINGLET OXYGEN; SMALL FRUITS; DAMAGE; ASSAY; ORAC AB Fruits from forty-two blueberry cultivars, including thirty-six rabbiteye (Vaccinium ashei Reade), three V.similar to ashei hybrid derivatives and three northern highbush (V.similar to corymbosum L.) standards, were evaluated for their antioxidant activities against peroxyl free radicals (ROO), hydroxyl radicals (OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide radicals () and singlet oxygen (1O2) radicals. The differences in scavenging capacities for these radicals among forty-two selected blueberry cultivars were significant. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity values ranged from 33.8 to 118.7 mu mol Trolox equivalents (TE) g fresh wt-1, 196.1 to 518.8 mu mol TE g dry wt(-1) and 7.1 to 22.2 mu mol cm-2-surface area. Extracts from fruit of pure rabbiteye had higher levels of scavenging capacities of oxygen species , O(2)(-1) and H(2)O(2) compared to V. ashei hybrid derivatives and northern highbush blueberry standards. The rabbiteye cultivars Early May and Centurion had the highest scavenging capacity for the reactive oxygen species, not only for ROO and OH, but also for , O(2)(-1) and a strong oxidant, H(2)O(2). In contrast, Pink Lemonade (pink-fruited) had the lowest ability to inhibit free radical activity of ROO., .OH, (1)O(2), and H(2)O(2).Snowflake had the lowest scavenging capacity for . Blueberry cultivars with high antioxidant activity and radical scavenging capacity have potential to improve human health and can possibly be used as parents for future blueberry breeding programs to develop new blueberry cultivars with higher antioxidant activity. C1 [Wang, Shiow Y.; Chen, Hangjun] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chen, Hangjun] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Sci, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Ehlenfeldt, Mark K.] Rutgers State Univ, Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res & Extens, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Wang, SY (reprint author), ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM shiow.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-5423 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 46 IS 12 BP 2482 EP 2490 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02771.x PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 851GV UT WOS:000297257300005 ER PT J AU Cole, JB VanRaden, PM AF Cole, J. B. VanRaden, P. M. TI Use of haplotypes to estimate Mendelian sampling effects and selection limits SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE genetic gain; haplotypes; Mendelian sampling; selection limits ID GENETIC CONTRIBUTIONS; BREEDING SCHEMES; DAIRY-CATTLE; PREDICTIONS; IMPACT; GAIN AB Limits to selection and Mendelian sampling (MS) terms can be calculated using haplotypes by summing the individual additive effects on each chromosome. Haplotypes were imputed for 43 382 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 1455 Brown Swiss, 40 351 Holstein and 4064 Jersey bulls and cows using the Fortran program findhap. f90, which combines population and pedigree haplotyping methods. Lower and upper bounds of MS variance were calculated for daughter pregnancy rate (a measure of fertility), milk yield, lifetime net merit (a measure of profitability) and protein yield assuming either no or complete linkage among SNP on the same chromosome. Calculated selection limits were greater than the largest direct genomic values observed in all breeds studied. The best chromosomal genotypes generally consisted of two copies of the same haplotype even after adjustment for inbreeding. Selection of animals rather than chromosomes may result in slower progress, but limits may be the same because most chromosomes will become homozygous with either strategy. Selection on functions of MS could be used to change variances in later generations. C1 [Cole, J. B.; VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cole, JB (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Room 306,Bldg 005,BARC W 10300, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.cole@ars.usda.gov RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2668 J9 J ANIM BREED GENET JI J. Anim. Breed. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 SI SI BP 446 EP 455 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2011.00922.x PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 854PN UT WOS:000297506800006 PM 22059578 ER PT J AU MacNeil, MD Lopez-Villalobos, N Northcutt, SL AF MacNeil, M. D. Lopez-Villalobos, N. Northcutt, S. L. TI A prototype national cattle evaluation for feed intake and efficiency of Angus cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; genetic difference; performance index ID BEEF-CATTLE; PHENOTYPIC RELATIONSHIPS; GENETIC EVALUATIONS; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; GENOMIC SELECTION; GROWTH; BULLS; PERFORMANCE; TRAITS; IMPROVEMENT AB Recent improvement in technologies for measuring individual feed intake has made possible the collection of data suitable for breed-wide genetic evaluation. The goals of this research were to estimate genetic parameters for components of feed efficiency and develop a prototype system for conducting a genetic evaluation of Angus cattle for feed intake. Weaning weight (WWT), postweaning BW gain (PGN), subcutaneous fat depth (SQF), and feed intake data were accumulated by the American Angus Association from a variety of cooperators and augmented with data collected for routine genetic evaluation of Angus cattle. The feed intake data were standardized (SFI, mean 0 and variance 1) within contemporary groups. Numbers of animals with observed phenotypes were 18,169, 7,107, 4,976, and 4,215 for WWT, PGN, SQF, and SFI, respectively. The 4-generation pedigree for animals with records contained 45,120 individuals. (Co) variance components were estimated with ASREML, fitting a 4-trait animal model with fixed contemporary groups for WWT, PGN, SQF, and SFI. Heritability estimates were 0.33 +/- 0.03, 0.31 +/- 0.04, 0.26 +/- 0.04, and 0.42 +/- 0.05 for direct genetic effects on WWT, PGN, SQF, and SFI, respectively. Genetic correlations of WWT and PGN with SFI were 0.40 +/- 0.07 and 0.55 +/- 0.10, respectively, and indicate their value as indicator traits in predicting EPD for feed intake. The genetic correlation of SQF and SFI was not different from 0. For all animals with a recorded feed intake phenotype, accuracy of their EPD for feed intake ranged from 0.16 to 0.64 with a mean of 0.26. However, 9,075 animals had an accuracy that was equal to or exceeded 0.2 for their feed intake EPD. Postanalysis calculation of measures of efficiency EPD was pursued. This work demonstrates the feasibility of conducting a national cattle evaluation for feed intake using indicator traits to reduce opportunity for selection bias, increase accuracy of the evaluation for a substantial number of animals, and ultimately facilitate calculation of selection indexes including feed intake. C1 [MacNeil, M. D.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Lopez-Villalobos, N.] Massey Univ, Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Northcutt, S. L.] Amer Angus Assoc, St Joseph, MO 64506 USA. RP MacNeil, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM mike.macneil@ars.usda.gov RI Lopez-Villalobos, Nicolas/O-3267-2013 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 89 IS 12 BP 3917 EP 3923 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-4124 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 852OV UT WOS:000297368200008 PM 21764839 ER PT J AU Caldwell, LC Chase, CC Riley, DG Coleman, SW Phillips, WA Spicer, LJ Welsh, TH Randel, RD AF Caldwell, L. C. Chase, C. C., Jr. Riley, D. G. Coleman, S. W. Phillips, W. A. Spicer, L. J. Welsh, T. H., Jr. Randel, R. D. TI The influence of tropical adaptation on plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I in purebred and crossbred beef cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bos indicus; insulin-like growth factor-I; tropical adaptation ID BINDING-PROTEIN ACTIVITY; BRAHMAN COWS; IGF-I; ANGUS; TRAITS; ESTRADIOL; HORMONES; CALVES AB In an effort to determine whether tropical adaptation influences circulating concentrations of the growth-related hormone IGF-I, 3-breed diallel matings were conducted using temperate Bos taurus (Angus), tropical Bos indicus (Brahman), and tropical Bos taurus (Romosinuano). Purebred Angus, Braham, and Romosinuano and crossbred Angus-Braham, Angus-Romosinuano, and Braham-Romosinuano heifers and steers were evaluated in 2 separate calf crops from 2003 and 2004. Blood samples were obtained from 10 heifers of each breed group (n = 90) for each year at weaning and on d 0 and 84 of postweaning trials. Samples were also taken from 10 steers of each breed group (n = 90) at weaning and on d 0 and 60 of individual finishing phase feeding trials for each year. Concentrations of IGF-I were determined by RIA. Analyses included effects of sire breed, dam breed, year of record, the age of the dam of the calf in years, and interactions. Age of calf in days was investigated as a linear and quadratic covariate. Separate analyses were conducted for steers and heifers. The direct effect of Angus was to reduce (P < 0.03) heifer concentrations of IGF-I at d 84 and in the repeated measures analysis. In the repeated measures analysis, the direct effect of Romosinuano was to increase concentrations of IGF-I (P = 0.01). Relative to the temperate Bos taurus breed, plasma concentrations of IGF-I were numerically greater in male and female tropically adapted breed groups. C1 [Caldwell, L. C.; Randel, R. D.] Texas AgriLife Res, Overton, TX 75684 USA. [Caldwell, L. C.; Welsh, T. H., Jr.] Texas AgriLife Res, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Chase, C. C., Jr.; Riley, D. G.; Coleman, S. W.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. [Phillips, W. A.] Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Spicer, L. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Randel, RD (reprint author), Texas AgriLife Res, Overton, TX 75684 USA. EM r-randel@tamu.edu OI Spicer, Leon/0000-0003-2911-6130 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 89 IS 12 BP 4017 EP 4022 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-4067 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 852OV UT WOS:000297368200017 PM 21724947 ER PT J AU Lents, CA Randel, RD Stelzleni, AM Caldwell, LC Welsh, TH AF Lents, C. A. Randel, R. D. Stelzleni, A. M. Caldwell, L. C. Welsh, T. H., Jr. TI Function of the corpus luteum in beef heifers is affected by acute submaintenance feeding but is not correlated with residual feed intake SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cattle; corpus luteum; insulin-like growth factor-I; nutrition; reproduction; residual feed intake ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; PHENOTYPIC RELATIONSHIPS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; IGF-I; NUTRITIONAL ANESTRUS; CIRCULATING INSULIN; DIVERGENT SELECTION; BODY CONDITION; CATTLE; COWS AB Seventy-four Angus and Angus x Hereford heifers were used in 2 successive years (yr 1, n = 43; yr 2, n = 31) to determine if luteal function of heifers during acute submaintenance feeding is related to variation in utilization of feed as determined by residual feed intake (RFI). Residual feed intake was determined for heifers beginning at 12.3 +/- 0.1 mo of age in yr 1 and at 9.1 +/- 0.1 mo of age in yr 2. Heifers were assigned to dry-lot pens (n = 6 to 9 heifers/pen) with electronic gates to measure individual feed intake of a total mixed ration for 70 and 72 d in yr 1 and 2, respectively. Residual feed intake was calculated as the difference between actual DMI and expected DMI from linear regression of DMI on mid-test BW(0.75) and ADG. At 14.4 +/- 0.1 mo of age, all heifers were provided a restricted amount of feed to supply 40% of their maintenance energy requirements for 21 d. Estrous cycles of heifers were synchronized with PGF(2 alpha) on d -10, 0, and 11 relative to start of restriction. Concentrations of progesterone in plasma on d 14 to 21 of restriction were used to determine if heifers ovulated. Overall ADG and ADFI were 0.83 +/- 0.02 and 7.37 +/- 0.67 kg/d, respectively, for yr 1; and 0.50 +/- 0.02 and 5.66 +/- 0.09 kg/d, respectively, for yr 2. There was no correlation between RFI and BW, ADG, ADFI, or ultrasound measure of backfat, nor was RFI related to concentrations of IGF-I in plasma. All heifers lost BW and had reduced backfat (P < 0.001) at the end of restricted feeding. All heifers had reproductive cycles before dietary restriction started. During acute nutritional restriction, 4 heifers became anovulatory. Sixteen heifers had concentrations of progesterone in plasma during restricted feeding that were atypical of normal luteal function. There was no relationship between luteal function during nutrient restriction and RFI of heifers. Circulating IGF-1 was greater at weaning and after restricted feeding in heifers with a smaller RFI (>0.5 SD below the mean) than heifers with a greater RFI (>0.5 SD above the mean). It is concluded that RFI is not related to luteal function during acute submaintenance feeding, but that short-term restriction of nutrient intake can alter luteal function that may compromise fertility, even in heifers that exhibit estrus and ovulate. C1 [Lents, C. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Randel, R. D.; Caldwell, L. C.] Texas AgriLife Res, Overton, TX 75684 USA. [Lents, C. A.; Stelzleni, A. M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Caldwell, L. C.; Welsh, T. H., Jr.] Texas AgriLife Res, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Lents, CA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM clay.lents@ars.usda.gov FU Hatch project [GEO-00583]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture (National Research Initiative [2005-35203-16852]; USDA [2006-34546-17002] FX Appreciation is extended to M. L. Mathis and R. Gabriel (both from University of Georgia, Athens) for animal husbandry; N. L. Heidorn, C. Hewett, R. Cisse, C. J. Rogers (all from University of Georgia, Athens), and A. W. Lewis (Texas AgriLife Research, Overton) for technical assistance; and to L. Parnell (USDA, ARS, US Meat Animal Research Center) for assistance with preparation of the manuscript. Research was supported under Hatch project GEO-00583 and USDA funding provided by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (National Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2005-35203-16852, C. A. Lents) and USDA Special Grant No. 2006-34546-17002 (R. D. Randel and T. H. Welsh Jr.). We acknowledge A. F. Parlow, scientific director of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Hormone and Peptide Program (Torrance, CA) for providing the IGF-I antibody (AFP4892898). Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 89 IS 12 BP 4023 EP 4031 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-4097 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 852OV UT WOS:000297368200018 PM 21764836 ER PT J AU Bauchart-Thevret, C Cottrell, J Stoll, B Burrin, DG AF Bauchart-Thevret, C. Cottrell, J. Stoll, B. Burrin, D. G. TI First-pass splanchnic metabolism of dietary cysteine in weanling pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE glutathione; gut; sulfur amino acid; transsulfuration ID INTESTINAL LYSINE METABOLISM; ERYTHROCYTE GLUTATHIONE; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; SYNTHESIS RATES; PIGLETS; TRANSSULFURATION; HOMOCYSTEINE; DIOXYGENASE; SEPSIS; GROWTH AB Cysteine is a semi-indispensable AA in neonates and is synthesized from the indispensable AA, methionine, by transsulfuration. We previously showed that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a metabolically important site of methionine transsulfuration to cysteine, yet the metabolic fate of dietary cysteine in the GIT has not been established. Cysteine use by gut epithelial cells may play an important role for maintenance of glutathione synthesis and cellular redox function. Our aim was to quantify the extent of gastrointestinal first-pass cysteine metabolism in young pigs. Four-week-old weanling pigs (n = 10) were fed a liquid milk-replacer diet and given an intragastric and intravenous [1-(13)C] cysteine infusion on 2 separate days in a crossover design. Arterial and portal blood samples were collected for cysteine isotopic enrichment by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and for (13)CO(2) enrichment by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Our results indicated that dietary cysteine is metabolized during its first-pass splanchnic metabolism, accounting for about 40% of dietary cysteine intake. We also showed that intestinal absorption was the major metabolic fate of dietary cysteine, representing about 75% of intake, indicating that the GIT utilizes 25% of the dietary cysteine intake. Thus, utilization by the GIT represents about one-half (approximately 53%) of the first-pass, splanchnic uptake of dietary cysteine. Moreover, a substantial proportion of dietary splanchnic cysteine metabolism was consumed by the GIT via nonoxidative pathways. We conclude that the gut utilizes 25% of the dietary cysteine intake and that synthesis of mucosal epithelial proteins, such as glutathione and mucin, are a major nonoxidative metabolic fate for cysteine. C1 [Bauchart-Thevret, C.; Cottrell, J.; Stoll, B.; Burrin, D. G.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Burrin, DG (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dburrin@bcm.edu RI Cottrell, Jeremy/C-6184-2015 OI Cottrell, Jeremy/0000-0002-1899-2090 FU USDA, ARS [58-6250-6-00] FX This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine; and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston. This work was supported by federal funds from the USDA, ARS under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6-00. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, and mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations do not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 89 IS 12 BP 4093 EP 4099 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-3944 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 852OV UT WOS:000297368200024 PM 21821812 ER PT J AU King, DA Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL AF King, D. A. Shackelford, S. D. Wheeler, T. L. TI Use of visible and near-infrared spectroscopy to predict pork longissimus lean color stability SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE color stability; pork; prediction; visible and near-infrared spectroscopy ID WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFERENT CROSSBREEDS; QUALITY; MEAT; CLASSIFICATION; SYSTEM; MUSCLE; LOIN AB This study evaluated the use of visible and near-infrared (VISNIR) spectroscopy to predict lean color stability in pork loin chops. Spectra were collected immediately after and approximately 1 h after rib removal on 1,208 loins. Loins were aged for 14 d before a 2.54-cm chop was placed in simulated retail display. Spectra were collected on aged loins immediately after removal from the vacuum package and on chops 10 min after cutting. Instrumental color measurements [L*, a*, b*, hue angle, chroma, and Delta E (overall color change)] were determined on d 0, 1, 7, 11, and 14 of display. Principal components analysis of display d 0 and 14 values of these traits identified a factor (first principal component; PC1) explaining 67% of the variance that was related to color change. Partial least squares regression was used to develop 3 models to predict PC1 values by using VISNIR spectra collected in the plant, on aged loins, and on chops. Loins with predicted PC1 values less than 0 were classified as having a stable color, whereas values greater than 0 were classified as having a labile lean color. Loins classified as stable by the in-plant model had smaller (P < 0.05) L* values than those classified as labile. Hue angle and Delta E values were less (P < 0.05) and a* and chroma values were greater (P < 0.05) after d 7 of display in loins predicted to have a stable color than in loins predicted to have a labile lean color. Similarly, chops from loins classified as stable using the aged loin model had smaller (P < 0.05) L* values than those from loins classified as labile. Furthermore, loins predicted to be stable had smaller (P < 0.05) hue angle and Delta E values and greater (P < 0.05) a* and chroma values after d 7 of display than did loins predicted to be labile. Results for the chop model were similar to those from the 2 loin models. Chops predicted to have a stable lean color had smaller (P < 0.05) L* values than did those predicted to have a labile lean color. Chops classified as stable had smaller (P < 0.05) hue angle and Delta E values and greater (P < 0.05) a* and chroma values after d 7 of display compared with chops classified as labile. All 3 models effectively segregated chops based on color stability, particularly with regard to redness. Regardless of the model being used, d 14 display values for a*, hue angle, and Delta E in loins classified as stable were similar to the d 7 values of loins classified as labile. Thus, these results suggest that VISNIR spectroscopy would be an effective technology for sorting pork loins with regard to lean color stability. C1 [King, D. A.; Shackelford, S. D.; Wheeler, T. L.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP King, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM andy.king@ars.usda.gov FU Pork Checkoff (National Pork Board, Des Moines, IA) FX This project was funded, in part, by The Pork Checkoff (National Pork Board, Des Moines, IA). NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 89 IS 12 BP 4195 EP 4206 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-4132 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 852OV UT WOS:000297368200036 PM 21821803 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH Mu, X AF Pridgeon, J. W. Klesius, P. H. Mu, X. TI Evaluation of an in vitro cell assay to select attenuated bacterial mutants of Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda to channel catfish SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas hydrophila; channel catfish; Edwardsiella tarda; in vitro virulence ID TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; STREPTOCOCCUS-INIAE; FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; RAINBOW-TROUT; UNITED-STATES; VIRULENCE; FISH AB Aims: To evaluate the feasibility of using an in vitro cell assay to select attenuated bacterial mutants. Methods and Results: Using catfish gill cells G1B, the feasibility of using an in vitro assay instead of in vivo virulence assay using live fish to select attenuated bacterial mutants was evaluated in this study. Pearson correlation analysis between in vitro virulence to G1B cells and in vivo virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda revealed that there was a significant correlation between the two (r = -0.768, P value = 3.7 x 10(-16)). Conclusions: The in vitro cell assay might be initially used to screen large quantities of bacteria to select attenuated mutants of catfish pathogens. Significance and Impact of the Study: The in vitro cell assay using catfish gill cells to identify attenuated mutants of catfish pathogens will reduce cost involved in the in vivo virulence assay that requires many fish and aquariums. C1 [Pridgeon, J. W.; Klesius, P. H.; Mu, X.] USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM julia.pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU China Scholarship Council; USDA/ARS CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs Dehai Xu (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. Xingjiang Mu was supported by China Scholarship Council. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project no. 6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm, or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 111 IS 6 BP 1310 EP 1318 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05146.x PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 859BK UT WOS:000297848900002 PM 21895899 ER PT J AU Hoang, KV Stern, NJ Lin, J AF Hoang, K. V. Stern, N. J. Lin, J. TI Development and stability of bacteriocin resistance in Campylobacter spp. SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacteriocin; Campylobacter; resistance ID EFFLUX PUMP CMEABC; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; FOOD BIOPRESERVATION; JEJUNI; POULTRY; LANTIBIOTICS; PURIFICATION; SELECTION; PROTEIN; SYSTEM AB Aims: Several bacteriocins (BCNs) that were identified from chicken commensal bacteria dramatically reduced Campylobacter colonization in poultry and are being directed toward on-farm control of this important foodborne human pathogen. A recent study has shown that BCN resistance in Campylobacter jejuni is very difficult to develop in vitro. In this study, in vivo development and stability of BCN resistance in Campylobacter was examined. Methods and Results: Chickens infected with Camp. jejuni NCTC 11168 were treated with BCN E-760 at the dose of 5 mg kg(-1) body weight day(-1) via oral gavages for three consecutive days, which selected BCN-resistant (BCN(r)) mutants in the treated birds. However, all the in vivo-selected mutants only displayed low levels of resistance to BCN (MIC = 2-8 mg l(-1)) when compared to parent strain (MIC = 0 5 mg l(-1)). Inactivation of CmeABC efflux pump of the BCN(r) mutants led to increased susceptibility to BCN (8-32 fold MIC reduction). Three different BCN(r) Campylobacter strains (in vitro-or in vivo-derived) were examined for the stability of BCN resistance using both in vitro and in vivo systems. The low level of BCN resistance in these strains was not stable in vitro or in vivo in the absence of BCN selection pressure. Conclusions: Usage of BCN E-760 only selected low-level BCN(r) Camp. jejuni mutants in vivo, and the low-level BCN resistance was not stable in vitro and in vivo. Significance and Impact of the Study: The study provides helpful information for risk assessment of the future practical application of the anti-Campylobacter BCNs in animals. C1 [Hoang, K. V.; Lin, J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Stern, N. J.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. RP Lin, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, 2640 Morgan Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM jlin6@utk.edu FU NIH [1 R21 AI069133-01A2] FX We thank Ximin Zeng, Fuzhou Xu and Andree A. Hun-kapiller for technical support. This study was supported by grant 1 R21 AI069133-01A2 from NIH. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 111 IS 6 BP 1544 EP 1550 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05163.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 859BK UT WOS:000297848900025 PM 21973216 ER PT J AU Doroghazi, JR Ju, KS Brown, DW Labeda, DP Deng, ZX Metcalf, WW Chen, WQ Price, NPJ AF Doroghazi, James R. Ju, Kou-San Brown, Daren W. Labeda, David P. Deng, Zixin Metcalf, William W. Chen, Wenqing Price, Neil P. J. TI Genome Sequences of Three Tunicamycin-Producing Streptomyces Strains, S. chartreusis NRRL 12338, S. chartreusis NRRL 3882, and S. lysosuperificus ATCC 31396 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOSYNTHESIS; GENE; CLUSTER AB We announce the sequencing of Streptomyces chartreusis NRRL 12338 and NRRL 3882 and Streptomyces lysosuperificus ATCC 31396. These are producers of tunicamycins, chartreusins, cephalosporins, holomycins, and calcimycin. The announced genomes, together with the published Streptomyces clavuligerus genome, will facilitate data mining of these secondary metabolites. C1 [Price, Neil P. J.] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Doroghazi, James R.; Ju, Kou-San; Metcalf, William W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Doroghazi, James R.; Ju, Kou-San; Metcalf, William W.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chen, Wenqing] Wuhan Univ, Key Lab Combinatorial Biosynth & New Drug Discove, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. [Chen, Wenqing] Wuhan Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China. [Deng, Zixin; Chen, Wenqing] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Deng, Zixin; Chen, Wenqing] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Life Sci & Biotechnol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. RP Price, NPJ (reprint author), ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM wenqingchen2010@gmail.com; neil.price@ars.usda.gov FU National Institutes of Health [GM PO1 GM077596]; Institute for Genomic Biology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (GM PO1 GM077596). J.R.D. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Institute for Genomic Biology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 193 IS 24 BP 7021 EP 7022 DI 10.1128/JB.06262-11 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 858ON UT WOS:000297810500035 PM 22123769 ER PT J AU Martinson, K Coblentz, W Sheaffer, C AF Martinson, Krishona Coblentz, Wayne Sheaffer, Craig TI The Effect of Harvest Moisture and Bale Wrapping on Forage Quality, Temperature, and Mold in Orchardgrass Hay SO JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bale wrapping; Forage quality; Heating degree-days; Mold; Orchardgrass ID SITU DISAPPEARANCE KINETICS; BERMUDAGRASS HAY; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; FUSARIUM MYCOTOXINS; ROUND BALES; DRY-MATTER; STORAGE; ALFALFA; DIGESTIBILITY; SILAGE AB Effects of harvest moisture and bale wrapping on forage quality and mold formation in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L) hay have not been investigated. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of initial bale moisture and plastic wrapping on temperature, forage quality (protein, fiber components, and digestible energy), and mold formation in large round-baled orchardgrass hay. In all, 40 round bales of mature orchardgrass hay measuring 1.2 x 1.5 m(2) were baled at three different moisture ranges (eight bales per treatment): 124 to 166 g/kg (low moisture); 180 to 232 g/kg (intermediate moisture); and 259 to 337 g/kg (high moisture). Selected bales within each moisture range were individually wrapped in plastic (16 bales), and temperature sensors were placed in each bale for up to 10 weeks. The lowest (P <= .01) maximum temperature and heating degree-day accumulations were observed when initial bale moisture content was 124 g/kg or when hay was wrapped, regardless of initial moisture content. In 2008 and 2009, all wrapped hays resulted in similar forage quality (P <= .14) and mold counts = .94) compared with 124 g/kg moisture hay. Hay baled at 166 g/kg resulted in fiber (P >= .82) and mold (P = .21) components similar to higher moisture bales. Mold counts for hay baled at 166 g/kg and 124 g/kg moisture were 24.8 x 10(6) and 2.7 x 10(4) CFU/g, respectively, demonstrating that large round bales are prone to molding at relatively low moisture concentrations. Maintenance of forage quality and reduction in mold growth were achieved by baling dry (124 g/kg moisture) or wrapping round bales of orchardgrass hay up to 337 g/kg moisture. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Martinson, Krishona] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Coblentz, Wayne] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. [Sheaffer, Craig] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Martinson, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, 1364 Eckles Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM krishona@umn.edu FU Midwest Forage Association; Kemin Industries, Inc.; Cropland Genetics FX This research was funded by a grant from Midwest Forage Association with additional support from Kemin Industries, Inc. and Cropland Genetics. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0737-0806 J9 J EQUINE VET SCI JI J. Equine Vet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 31 IS 12 BP 711 EP 716 DI 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.05.003 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 859XB UT WOS:000297908000007 ER PT J AU Zhang, S Luo, YC Zeng, HW Wang, Q Tian, F Song, JZ Cheng, WH AF Zhang, Shu Luo, Yangchao Zeng, Huawei Wang, Qin Tian, Fei Song, Jiuzhou Cheng, Wen-Hsing TI Encapsulation of selenium in chitosan nanoparticles improves selenium availability and protects cells from selenium-induced DNA damage response SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Selenium; Chitosan; Nanoparticles; DNA damage; Cancer ID CANCER PREVENTION; CYCLE ARREST; VITAMIN-E; APOPTOSIS; SELENOMETHIONINE; SUPPLEMENTATION; SELENOPROTEINS; TUMORIGENESIS; TRIAL; ATM AB Selenium, an essential mineral, plays important roles in optimizing human health. Chitosan (CS) is an effective, naturally oriented material for synthesizing nanoparticles with preferable properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradation and resistance to certain enzymes. We have recently shown that cellular exposure to selenium compounds activates ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-dependent DNA damage responses, a tumorigenesis barrier. To test whether nanoencapsulation of selenium modulates the cellular response to selenium compounds, the HCT 116 cancerous and the MRC-5 normal cells were treated with Na(2)SeO(3) and methylseleninic acid (MSeA) encapsulated in CS/polyphosphate nanoparticles. Analyses of cellular selenium levels demonstrate that (1) the nanoencapsulation enhances selenium levels in cells after exposure to Na(2)SeO(3) and MSeA (1-10 mu M); (2) cells retained more selenium when treated with Na(2)SeO(3) than with MSeA; (3) selenium levels are greater in HCT 116 than in MRC-5 cells after Na(2)SeO(3), but not MSeA, exposure. Survival analysis shows that CS encapsulation desensitizes HCT 116 and MRC-5 cells to Na(2)SeO(3) or MSeA exposure. Immunofluorescent analysis demonstrates that CS encapsulation attenuates the selenium-induced ATM phosphorylation on Ser-1981, and the extent is greater in HCT 116 than in MRC-5 cells. Our results reveal features of selenium nanoencapsulation in CS, including increased selenium retention in cells and decreased cellular sensitivity and DNA damage response to selenium exposure. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Shu; Luo, Yangchao; Wang, Qin; Cheng, Wen-Hsing] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zeng, Huawei] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Tian, Fei; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Cheng, WH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM whcheng@umd.edu RI Luo, Yangchao/I-2689-2012 OI Luo, Yangchao/0000-0002-0001-1194 NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1137 EP 1142 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.09.014 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 854YA UT WOS:000297529500006 PM 21292467 ER PT J AU Ammar, ED Shatters, RG Hall, DG AF Ammar, El-Desouky Shatters, Robert G., Jr. Hall, David G. TI Localization of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, Associated with Citrus Huanglongbing Disease, in its Psyllid Vector using Fluorescence in situ Hybridization SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE huanglongbing; citrus greening; FISH; Diaphorina citri; psyllids; vector relations ID GUT SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA; DIAPHORINA-CITRI; HEMIPTERA PSYLLIDAE; SPIROPLASMA-CITRI; GREENING DISEASE; SALIVARY-GLANDS; INSECT VECTORS; TRANSMISSION; PROTEIN; LEAFHOPPERS AB The bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) has been strongly associated with huanglongbing, or citrus greening, which is one of the most devastating citrus diseases worldwide. Las is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a persistent manner, but its interactions with the psyllid vector, particularly at the organ and cellular levels, are poorly understood. We have tested several fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) protocols and three nucleic acid probes for the localization of Las in haemolymph smears and dissected organs of ACP adults that fed on Las-infected plants in the field or laboratory and in sections from Las-infected citrus leaves. Las was detected by FISH and confocal laser scanning microscopy in the filter chamber, midgut, Malpighian tubules, haemolymph, salivary glands, ovaries and in muscle and fat tissues of ACP that acquired Las from infected plants, as well as in the phloem of infected citrus leaves. Las appeared as pleiomorphic bodies or short thin rods that were much more dispersed and individually distinct in citrus leaf phloem and in ACP haemolymph, but more densely aggregated in cells of the salivary glands and other ACP organs and tissues. Our results provide the first in situ demonstration of Las infection in various psyllid organs and tissues and show the near-systemic infection of ACP by Las. C1 [Ammar, El-Desouky; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.; Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Ammar, ED (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM eldammar@hotmail.com FU Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX We thank Kathy Moulton and Belkis Diego for excellent technical assistance. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. Funds for this research were provided by the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 48 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-1785 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 159 IS 11-12 BP 726 EP 734 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01836.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 853JJ UT WOS:000297421800004 ER PT J AU Schnell, RJ Tondo, CL Kuhn, DN Winterstein, MC Ayala-Silva, T Moore, JM AF Schnell, Raymond John Tondo, Cecile Lorraine Kuhn, David Norton Winterstein, Michael Carl Ayala-Silva, Tomas Moore, John Michael TI Spatial Analysis of Avocado Sunblotch Disease in an Avocado Germplasm Collection SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avocado sunblotch viroid; germplasm collection management; Persea americana; viroid indexing ID TRANSMISSION; VARIANTS; VIROIDS; PATTERN; PLANTS; VIRUS; TREES AB Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) causes an important disease of avocado, Persea americana. Symptoms of avocado sunblotch were first observed in the avocado germplasm collection at the National Germplasm Repository in Miami in the early 1980s; however, the extent of infection was unknown. An ASBVd-specific reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol was developed in 1996 and used to screen every tree in the collection. Surveys in 1996 and 2000 found that although 23 newly infected trees were detected, the proportion of ASBVd-positive accessions remained unchanged at 19%. However, in a 2009 survey, 50 newly infected trees were detected for an overall infection rate of 21%. Results of spatial analyses indicate that for the older plantings, the effective range of spread increased more than threefold during the 13 year span, while in the newer plantings, the pattern of infection indicates a reintroduction of the viroid rather than natural spread. Despite strict sanitization procedures in field and greenhouse operations, ASBVd infections have increased in the USDA collection. Although genetic diversity in the collection would be reduced, eliminating all ASBVd-positive plants may be necessary to ensure that other accessions in the collection do not become infected. C1 [Schnell, Raymond John; Tondo, Cecile Lorraine; Kuhn, David Norton; Winterstein, Michael Carl; Ayala-Silva, Tomas; Moore, John Michael] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP Schnell, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM ray.schnell@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-1785 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 159 IS 11-12 BP 773 EP 781 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2011.01838.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 853JJ UT WOS:000297421800010 ER PT J AU Taylor, MM Lee, J Bumanlag, LP Brown, EM Balada, EH AF Taylor, M. M. Lee, J. Bumanlag, L. P. Brown, E. M. Hernandez Balada, E. TI USE OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT BIOPOLYMERS TO IMPROVE THE PROPERTIES OF CHROME-FREE LEATHER SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID WHEY-PROTEIN ISOLATE; TRANSGLUTAMINASE; GELATIN; FILLERS AB In prior studies, we addressed the problems of poor leather quality, specifically "spring break" hides, by utilizing fillers produced from enzymatically-modified waste proteins, in particular those proteins from the leather and dairy industry (low quality gelatins and caseins or whey). In a more recent study, we applied low molecular weight enzymatically-modified gelatin/whey protein isolate (WPI) fillers to chrome-free or "wet white" leather. The leather was subsequently evaluated and it was found, as seen in previous studies, the mechanical properties of the treated leather were not significantly different from controls, but there was an improvement in the subjective properties, specifically in fullness. In this present study, we attempted not only to further improve subjective properties of chrome-free leather, but also to use a more economical whey protein concentrate (WPC)/gelatin combination as well as substituting sodium bisulfite (NaHSO(3)) for the more expensive dithiothreitol (DTT), which is used to denature whey prior to enzyme modification. High molecular weight products were prepared from enzymatically-modified WPC/gelatin, whose properties could be described as having high viscosities and melting points and whose SDS-PAGE gels showed that the WPC and gelatin had been extensively modified. These products were applied to chrome-free leather and subjective properties, in particular fullness, break, and overall evaluation, were better than seen previously. Furthermore, when NaHSO(3) was substituted for dithiothreitol (DTT), products with a reproducible range of physical properties could be realized. Thus, by utilization of higher molecular weight WPC/gelatin products on chrome-free leather, we have not only made treatments that are more economical with subsequent improvement in leather quality but we also enhanced product preparation by utilization of NaHSO(3) to denature the whey protein. C1 [Taylor, M. M.; Lee, J.; Bumanlag, L. P.; Brown, E. M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Hernandez Balada, E.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Chem Engn, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Taylor, MM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM maryann.taylor@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 106 IS 12 BP 353 EP 359 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 858UX UT WOS:000297829800001 ER PT J AU Natilla, A Hammond, RW AF Natilla, Angela Hammond, Rosemarie W. TI Maize rayado fino virus virus-like particles expressed in tobacco plants: A new platform for cysteine selective bioconjugation peptide display SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Viral-like particle (VLP); Nanoparticle; Drug delivery; Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) ID COWPEA MOSAIC-VIRUS; BUILDING-BLOCKS; PROTEIN CAGES; VIRAL NANOPARTICLES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CAPSID PROTEIN; DISEASE-VIRUS; COAT PROTEIN; TEMPLATES; NANOSCALE AB Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) virus-like-particles (VLPs) produced in tobacco plants were examined for their ability to serve as a novel platform to which a variety of peptides can be covalently displayed when expressed through-a Potato virus X (PVX)-based vector. To provide an anchor for chemical modifications, three Cys-MRFV-VLPs mutants were created by substituting several of the amino acids present on the shell of the wild-type MRFV-VLPs with cysteine residues. The mutant designated Cys 2-VLPs exhibited, under native conditions, cysteine thiol reactivity in bioconjugation reactions with a fluorescent dye. In addition, this Cys 2-VLPs was cross-linked by NHS-PEG4-Maleimide to 17(F) and 8 (HN) amino acid long peptides, corresponding to neutralizing epitopes of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The resulting Cys 2-VLPs-F and Cys 2-VLPs-HN were recognized in Western blots by antibodies to MRFV as well as to F and HN. The results demonstrated that plant-produced MRFV-VLPs have the ability to function as a novel platform for the multivalent display of surface ligands. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Natilla, Angela; Hammond, Rosemarie W.] ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Natilla, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM angela.natilla@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD DEC PY 2011 VL 178 IS 1-2 BP 209 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.09.013 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 853UQ UT WOS:000297451600029 PM 21963393 ER PT J AU Lambertini, E Spencer, SK Kieke, BA Loge, FJ Borchardt, MA AF Lambertini, Elisabetta Spencer, Susan K. Kieke, Burney A., Jr. Loge, Frank J. Borchardt, Mark A. TI Virus contamination from operation and maintenance events in small drinking water distribution systems SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE community water system; distribution system; drinking water; virus ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; UV DISINFECTION; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; UNITED-STATES; DNA-DAMAGE; QUALITY; DISEASE; SAMPLES; ENTEROVIRUSES; SURVEILLANCE AB We tested the association of common events in drinking water distribution systems with contamination of household tap water with human enteric viruses. Viruses were enumerated by qPCR in the tap water of 14 municipal systems that use non-disinfected groundwater. Ultraviolet disinfection was installed at all active wellheads to reduce virus contributions from groundwater to the distribution systems. As no residual disinfectant was added to the water, any increase in virus levels measured downstream at household taps would be indicative of distribution system intrusions. Utility operators reported events through written questionnaires. Virus outcome measures were related to distribution system events using binomial and gamma regression. Virus concentrations were elevated in the wells, reduced or eliminated by ultraviolet disinfection, and elevated again in distribution systems, showing that viruses were, indeed, directly entering the systems. Pipe installation was significantly associated with higher virus levels, whereas hydrant flushing was significantly associated with lower virus levels. Weak positive associations were observed for water tower maintenance, valve exercising, and cutting open a water main. Coliform bacteria detections from routine monitoring were not associated with viruses. Understanding when distribution systems are most vulnerable to virus contamination, and taking precautionary measures, will ensure delivery of safe drinking water. C1 [Lambertini, Elisabetta; Loge, Frank J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Spencer, Susan K.; Kieke, Burney A., Jr.; Borchardt, Mark A.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Borchardt, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2615 E 29th St, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM mark.borchardt@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. EPA STAR [R831630] FX This work was part of the Wisconsin WAHTER Study (Water and Health Trial for Enteric Risks) funded by U.S. EPA STAR grant R831630. We thank the 14 study communities for their participation and support. Phillip Bertz and Matt Volenec (Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation) are thanked for their skillful field and laboratory work. Carla Rottscheit and Sandy Strey (Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation) are thanked for aptly handling data management and questionnaire follow-up. NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 17 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 4 BP 799 EP 812 DI 10.2166/wh.2011.018 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA 855XJ UT WOS:000297599300018 PM 22048438 ER PT J AU La Croix, S Zelditch, ML Shivik, JA Lundrigan, BL Holekamp, KE AF La Croix, S. Zelditch, M. L. Shivik, J. A. Lundrigan, B. L. Holekamp, K. E. TI Ontogeny of feeding performance and biomechanics in coyotes SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ontogeny; feeding performance; bite strength; dentition; skull morphology; carnivore; geometric morphometrics; life history ID ESTIMATED BITING FORCES; CROCUTA-CROCUTA; CANIS-LATRANS; SPOTTED HYENA; SKULL SHAPE; MAMMALS; CARNIVORES; STRENGTH; GROWTH; MORPHOLOGY AB Developing organisms must reconcile conflicts between demands of survival within the current life-history stage, with those of maturation, while negotiating the transitions through succeeding stages. In the case of feeding performance, the parts of the feeding apparatus and their biomechanics must maintain functional integrity to meet the feeding needs of a juvenile even as they develop toward their adult form. We concurrently examine the ontogenetic relationships of feeding performance, dentition and feeding biomechanics, relative to key life-history events, utilizing samples drawn from the same population of known-age coyotes Canis latrans. The development of feeding performance is asynchronous with development of both feeding biomechanics and skull morphology; feeding performance lags during ontogeny despite surprisingly large early mechanical advantage of the temporalis, due in part, to early relative maturity of mandibular shape. Feeding performance and biomechanics, like skull morphology, mature well after weaning at 6 weeks of age. Late maturation of bite strength and feeding performance is mediated by ongoing and continued growth of the temporalis muscles as measured by maximum zygomatic arch breadth (ZAB). Males and females may resolve developmental conflicts differently, as females trade earlier maturity for smaller maximum ZAB, decreased relative bite strength and diminished feeding performance, compared with males. The asynchrony of feeding performance development seen in coyotes, is also characteristic of a highly specialized carnivore, the spotted hyena, but coyotes have a much less protracted development, being handicapped relative to adults for a much shorter time. This developmental asynchrony between feeding performance and morphology suggests that a certain minimum threshold of physical growth and development, together with the associated development of biomechanics, are required to produce effective mastication. The relationships among biomechanics, life-history schedules and ontogeny of feeding performance have obvious implications for fitness. C1 [La Croix, S.; Lundrigan, B. L.; Holekamp, K. E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zelditch, M. L.] Univ Michigan, Museum Paleontol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Shivik, J. A.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT USA. [Shivik, J. A.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Lundrigan, B. L.] Michigan State Univ, Michigan State Univ Museum, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP La Croix, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, 203 Nat Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM lacroixs@msu.edu RI Holekamp, Kay/G-6054-2010; Zelditch, Miriam/B-6431-2008 OI Zelditch, Miriam/0000-0002-5006-6679 FU Graduate School; College of Natural Sciences; Department of Zoology at Michigan State University; NSF [I0B0618022, I0S0819437] FX We are grateful to Doris Zemlicka, Jeff Schultz, Stacey Brummer, Patrick Darrow and the entire staff at the NWRC Logan Field Station for their work in collecting the specimens used here, their assistance in rearing pups, and for their cooperation and support. We are also indebted to Don Swiderski, Laura Abraczinskas, Paula Hildebrandt, Gwen Webster and Katherine Leonard for their help on this project. This work was funded by grants-in-aid from the Graduate School, the College of Natural Sciences and the Department of Zoology at Michigan State University to S. L. C. Portions of this work were also funded by NSF grants I0B0618022 and I0S0819437. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0952-8369 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 285 IS 4 BP 301 EP 315 DI 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00847.x PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 854PX UT WOS:000297507800007 ER PT J AU Weber, TE Kerr, BJ AF Weber, Thomas E. Kerr, Brian J. TI Effect of dietary distillers dried grains with solubles on indicators of oxidative stress and immune function in growing pigs SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Distillers grains; Immune system; Oxidative stress; Pig ID GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; PROTEINS; FAT; MALONDIALDEHYDE; EXTRACT; PIGLETS; QUALITY; PLASMA AB Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn contain relatively large amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids and some yeast components, which may increase oxidative stress and alter immune function, respectively, when fed to pigs. Therefore, indicators of oxidative stress and immune status were determined in pigs (n = 24; initial BW 103.8 +/- 5.9 kg) fed corn soybean meal-based diets or diets containing 35% DDGS for 38 days. On day 38, blood samples were collected for plasma and erythrocyte glutathione, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adduct, nitrite, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analyses. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and lysates were analyzed for 4-HNE, superoxide dismutase-1 and glutathione-s-transferase-4. Fresh urine was collected and analyzed for F-2-isoprostane and TBARS. Plasma immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and fecal IgA were determined, and on day 39, pigs fed each diet were injected intramuscularly with saline (n = 6 pigs per diet) or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; n = 6 pigs per diet) and plasma cytokines and metabolites were determined at 4 h post LPS injection. There were no differences in basal circulating indicators of oxidative stress between dietary treatment groups, but urinary TBARS were increased (p<0.05) in pigs fed DOGS as compared to pigs fed the control diet. Plasma concentrations of IgA and IgG were increased (p<0.05) in DOGS-fed pigs versus pigs on the control diet. In pigs fed DDGS, body temperatures were greater (p<0.05) at 4 h post-LPS than pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets, but LPS-induced alterations of plasma cytokines or metabolites were not different between dietary treatment groups. In conclusion, feeding DDGS does not alter circulating oxidative stress indicators, but increases urinary TBARS. Furthermore, dietary DOGS enhance humoral immunity, but in general do not alter the systemic response to LPS. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Weber, Thomas E.; Kerr, Brian J.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Weber, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tom.weber@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 EI 1878-0490 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 142 IS 1-3 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2011.06.025 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 859RY UT WOS:000297894700010 ER PT J AU Bohbot, JD Fu, L Le, TC Chauhan, KR Cantrell, CL Dickens, JC AF Bohbot, J. D. Fu, L. Le, T. C. Chauhan, K. R. Cantrell, C. L. Dickens, J. C. TI Multiple activities of insect repellents on odorant receptors in mosquitoes SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; agonist; antagonist; indole; modulator; mosquito; octenol; odorant receptor; pyrethroid; repellent ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; AEDES-AEGYPTI; OLFACTORY RECEPTORS; ION CHANNELS; DEET; DROSOPHILA; TARGETS; IDENTIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; DIPTERA AB Several lines of evidence suggest that insect repellent molecules reduce mosquito-host contacts by interacting with odorants and odorant receptors (ORs), thereby ultimately affecting olfactory-driven behaviours. We describe the molecular effects of 10 insect repellents and a pyrethroid insecticide with known repellent activity on two highly specific Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) ORs, AaOR2 + AaOR7 and AaOR8 + AaOR7, exquisitely sensitive to key mosquito attractants indole and (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol, expressed in oocytes of Xenopus (Anura: Pipidae). Our study demonstrates that insect repellents can both inhibit odorant-evoked currents mediated by ORs and independently elicit currents in the absence of odorants. All of the repellents had effects on one or both ORs; most of these compounds were selective inhibitors and showed a high degree of specificity in their capacity to activate the two ORs. These results show that a range of insect repellents belonging to structurally diverse chemical classes modulate the function of mosquito ORs through multiple molecular mechanisms. C1 [Bohbot, J. D.; Le, T. C.; Chauhan, K. R.; Dickens, J. C.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fu, L.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Sect Mol Morphogenesis, Lab Gene Regulat & Dev, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Cantrell, C. L.] Univ Mississippi, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, ARS, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Dickens, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Bldg 007,Room 030,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joseph.dickens@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health; Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX The authors are grateful to Dr Dan Strickman, U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, U. S. A., and Dr Richard G. Vogt, Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, U. S. A., for their critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, and by a grant to JCD from the Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). NR 44 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 25 IS 4 BP 436 EP 444 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.00949.x PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 855FJ UT WOS:000297548900011 PM 21395633 ER PT J AU Graham, CE Basappa, J Turcan, S Vetter, DE AF Graham, Christine E. Basappa, Johnvesly Turcan, Sevin Vetter, Douglas E. TI The Cochlear CRF Signaling Systems and their Mechanisms of Action in Modulating Cochlear Sensitivity and Protection Against Trauma SO MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cochlea; Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF); Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis); Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL); Hair cell; Homeostatic control ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; INDUCED HEARING-LOSS; AUDITORY BRAIN-STEM; OUTER HAIR-CELLS; NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; EFFERENT OLIVOCOCHLEAR BUNDLE; PERMANENT THRESHOLD SHIFT; SURFACE AMPA RECEPTORS; ROOT GANGLION NEURONS AB A key requirement for encoding the auditory environment is the ability to dynamically alter cochlear sensitivity. However, merely attaining a steady state of maximal sensitivity is not a viable solution since the sensory cells and ganglion cells of the cochlea are prone to damage following exposure to loud sound. Most often, such damage is via initial metabolic insult that can lead to cellular death. Thus, establishing the highest sensitivity must be balanced with protection against cellular metabolic damage that can lead to loss of hair cells and ganglion cells, resulting in loss of frequency representation. While feedback mechanisms are known to exist in the cochlea that alter sensitivity, they respond only after stimulus encoding, allowing potentially damaging sounds to impact the inner ear at times coincident with increased sensitivity. Thus, questions remain concerning the endogenous signaling systems involved in dynamic modulation of cochlear sensitivity and protection against metabolic stress. Understanding endogenous signaling systems involved in cochlear protection may lead to new strategies and therapies for prevention of cochlear damage and consequent hearing loss. We have recently discovered a novel cochlear signaling system that is molecularly equivalent to the classic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This cochlear HPA-equivalent system functions to balance auditory sensitivity and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss, and also protects against cellular metabolic insults resulting from exposures to ototoxic drugs. We review the anatomy, physiology, and cellular signaling of this system, and compare it to similar signaling in other organs/tissues of the body. C1 [Vetter, Douglas E.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol & Anat Sci, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Graham, Christine E.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Basappa, Johnvesly] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Turcan, Sevin] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Human Oncol & Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Vetter, DE (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol & Anat Sci, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM dvetter@umc.edu OI Turcan, Sevin/0000-0002-0885-5607; Vetter, Douglas/0000-0003-4580-3491 FU NIH [R01DC006258]; Univ. Miss. Med. Center FX Funded by NIH grant R01DC006258 (DEV) and research funds from Univ. Miss. Med. Center (DEV). NR 167 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0893-7648 J9 MOL NEUROBIOL JI Mol. Neurobiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 44 IS 3 BP 383 EP 406 DI 10.1007/s12035-011-8203-3 PG 24 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 857OH UT WOS:000297727500013 PM 21909974 ER PT J AU Garaulet, M Smith, CE Hernandez-Gonzalez, T Lee, YC Ordovas, JM AF Garaulet, Marta Smith, Caren E. Hernandez-Gonzalez, Teresa Lee, Yu-Chi Ordovas, Jose M. TI PPAR? Pro12Ala interacts with fat intake for obesity and weight loss in a behavioural treatment based on the Mediterranean diet SO MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fat intake; Gene-environment interaction; Obesity; Polymorphism; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ID ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; IMPROVED INSULIN SENSITIVITY; MISSENSE MUTATION; PPAR-GAMMA-2 GENE; BODY-MASS; POLYMORPHISM; RESISTANCE AB Scope: The goal of this study was to examine whether the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) is associated with insulin resistance, obesity and weight loss and to analyze potential interactions between fat intake and PPAR? polymorphism in a Spanish overweight/obese population. Materials and methods: We recruited 1465 subjects enrolled in a behavioural treatment program for obesity based on a Mediterranean diet, which included the following: dietary treatment, physical activity, nutritional education and behavioral techniques. A significant association was found between PPARg2 Pro12Ala genotype and plasma insulin concentration and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance. Subjects with the Ala12 genotype had lower insulin levels than those with the Pro12Pro genotype. We detected a gene- diet interaction between the PPARg Pro12Ala polymorphism and MUFA for BMI and body fat. Furthermore, we detected an interaction between the PPARg Pro12Ala polymorphism and fat intake for total weight loss ( po0.001). When total fat intake was high, Ala12- carriers exhibited a significantly lower percentage of total weight loss than major- allele- carriers ( p50.037). Conclusion: Data are consistent with previous results showing a protective role for the Ala12 allele against insulin resistance, and replicate an earlier study that detected an interaction between dietary MUFA and PPARg2 for BMI. Our detection of a gene- diet interaction between PPARg Pro12Ala and fat intake for weight loss may explain previous discrepancies among different studies. C1 [Garaulet, Marta; Hernandez-Gonzalez, Teresa] Univ Murcia, Fac Biol, Dept Physiol, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. [Garaulet, Marta; Smith, Caren E.; Lee, Yu-Chi; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. RP Garaulet, M (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Fac Biol, Dept Physiol, Campus Espinardo S-N, E-30100 Murcia, Spain. EM garaulet@um.es FU Government of Education, Science and Research of Murcia [BIO/FFA 07/01-0004]; Spanish Government of Science and Innovation [AGL2008-01655/ALI]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL-54776]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture Research [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX This work was supported by the Government of Education, Science and Research of Murcia (Project BIO/FFA 07/01-0004) and by The Spanish Government of Science and Innovation (projects AGL2008-01655/ALI) National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants HL-54776, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Grant Number DK075030 and by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research. NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1613-4125 J9 MOL NUTR FOOD RES JI Mol. Nutr. Food Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 12 BP 1771 EP 1779 DI 10.1002/mnfr.201100437 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 855RM UT WOS:000297581900003 PM 22102511 ER PT J AU Scholthof, KBG Adkins, S Czosnek, H Palukaitis, P Jacquot, E Hohn, T Hohn, B Saunders, K Candresse, T Ahlquist, P Hemenway, C Foster, GD AF Scholthof, Karen-Beth G. Adkins, Scott Czosnek, Henryk Palukaitis, Peter Jacquot, Emmanuel Hohn, Thomas Hohn, Barbara Saunders, Keith Candresse, Thierry Ahlquist, Paul Hemenway, Cynthia Foster, Gary D. TI Top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CAULIFLOWER-MOSAIC-VIRUS; PLUM-POX-VIRUS; STRAND RNA ACCUMULATION; SPOTTED WILT VIRUS; NECROTIC RINGSPOT DISEASE; BROWN-STREAK-VIRUS; COAT PROTEIN; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; CELL MOVEMENT; CAPSID PROTEIN AB Many scientists, if not all, feel that their particular plant virus should appear in any list of the most important plant viruses. However, to our knowledge, no such list exists. The aim of this review was to survey all plant virologists with an association with Molecular Plant Pathology and ask them to nominate which plant viruses they would place in a 'Top 10' based on scientific/economic importance. The survey generated more than 250 votes from the international community, and allowed the generation of a Top 10 plant virus list for Molecular Plant Pathology. The Top 10 list includes, in rank order, (1) Tobacco mosaic virus, (2) Tomato spotted wilt virus, (3) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, (4) Cucumber mosaic virus, (5) Potato virus Y, (6) Cauliflower mosaic virus, (7) African cassava mosaic virus, (8) Plum pox virus, (9) Bromemosaic virus and (10) Potato virus X, with honourable mentions for viruses just missing out on the Top 10, including Citrus tristeza virus, Barley yellow dwarf virus, Potato leafroll virus and Tomato bushy stunt virus. This review article presents a short review on each virus of the Top 10 list and its importance, with the intent of initiating discussion and debate amongst the plant virology community, as well as laying down a benchmark, as it will be interesting to see in future years how perceptions change and which viruses enter and leave the Top 10. C1 [Foster, Gary D.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. [Scholthof, Karen-Beth G.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Adkins, Scott] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Czosnek, Henryk] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Plant Sci & Genet Agr, Fac Agr Food & Environm, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Palukaitis, Peter] Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Seoul 139774, South Korea. [Jacquot, Emmanuel] Univ Rennes 1, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Biol Organisms & Populat Appl Plant Protect UMR10, F-35653 Le Rheu, France. [Hohn, Thomas] Univ Basel, Inst Bot, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Hohn, Barbara] Friedrich Miescher Inst, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland. [Saunders, Keith] John Innes Ctr, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Candresse, Thierry] Univ Bordeaux, Equipe Virol, INRA, Ctr Rech INRA,UMR BFP 1332, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France. [Ahlquist, Paul] Univ Wisconsin, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Inst Mol Virol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hemenway, Cynthia] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol & Struct Biochem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Foster, GD (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. EM gary.foster@bristol.ac.uk RI Foster, Gary/A-7985-2011; UMR IGEPP, INRA/A-4054-2011 NR 201 TC 174 Z9 195 U1 24 U2 170 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 12 IS 9 BP 938 EP 954 DI 10.1111/J.1364-3703.2011.00752.X PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 853EK UT WOS:000297408800009 PM 22017770 ER PT J AU Erez, A Nagamani, SCS Shchelochkov, OA Premkumar, MH Campeau, PM Chen, YQ Garg, HK Li, L Mian, A Bertin, TK Black, JO Zeng, H Tang, YP Reddy, AK Summar, M O'Brien, WE Harrison, DG Mitch, WE Marini, JC Aschner, JL Bryan, NS Lee, B AF Erez, Ayelet Nagamani, Sandesh C. S. Shchelochkov, Oleg A. Premkumar, Muralidhar H. Campeau, Philippe M. Chen, Yuqing Garg, Harsha K. Li, Li Mian, Asad Bertin, Terry K. Black, Jennifer O. Zeng, Heng Tang, Yaoping Reddy, Anilkumar K. Summar, Marshall O'Brien, William E. Harrison, David G. Mitch, William E. Marini, Juan C. Aschner, Judy L. Bryan, Nathan S. Lee, Brendan TI Requirement of argininosuccinate lyase for systemic nitric oxide production SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXATION; L-ARGININE; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; LIVER FIBROSIS; SYNTHASE; DEFICIENCY; METABOLISM; CRYSTALLIN; MUTATIONS; ACIDURIA AB Nitric oxide (NO) is crucial in diverse physiological and pathological processes. We show that a hypomorphic mouse model of argininosuccinate lyase (encoded by Asl) deficiency has a distinct phenotype of multiorgan dysfunction and NO deficiency. Loss of Asl in both humans and mice leads to reduced NO synthesis, owing to both decreased endogenous arginine synthesis and an impaired ability to use extracellular arginine for NO production. Administration of nitrite, which can be converted into NO in vivo, rescued the manifestations of NO deficiency in hypomorphic Asl mice, and a nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-independent NO donor restored NO-dependent vascular reactivity in humans with ASL deficiency. Mechanistic studies showed that ASL has a structural function in addition to its catalytic activity, by which it contributes to the formation of a multiprotein complex required for NO production. Our data demonstrate a previously unappreciated role for ASL in NOS function and NO homeostasis. Hence, ASL may serve as a target for manipulating NO production in experimental models, as well as for the treatment of NO-related diseases. C1 [Erez, Ayelet; Nagamani, Sandesh C. S.; Shchelochkov, Oleg A.; Premkumar, Muralidhar H.; Campeau, Philippe M.; Chen, Yuqing; Mian, Asad; Bertin, Terry K.; O'Brien, William E.; Lee, Brendan] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chen, Yuqing; Bertin, Terry K.; Lee, Brendan] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Garg, Harsha K.; Tang, Yaoping; Bryan, Nathan S.] Univ Texas Houston Hlth Sci Ctr, Brown Fdn Inst Mol Med, Houston, TX USA. [Li, Li; Harrison, David G.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Black, Jennifer O.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Zeng, Heng; Summar, Marshall; Aschner, Judy L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Zeng, Heng; Summar, Marshall; Aschner, Judy L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet Res, Nashville, TN USA. [Reddy, Anilkumar K.; Mitch, William E.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Reddy, Anilkumar K.] Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vasc Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Mitch, William E.] Baylor Coll Med, Div Nephrol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marini, Juan C.] USDA ARS, Dept Pediat Nutr, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Lee, B (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM blee@bcm.tmc.edu RI Black, Jennifer/A-3612-2012; Campeau, Philippe/C-3050-2012; Campeau, Philippe/J-8614-2015 OI Campeau, Philippe/0000-0001-9713-7107; Campeau, Philippe/0000-0001-9713-7107 FU US National Institutes of Health [DK54450, RR19453, RR00188, GM90310, GM07526, DK081735, HL75511, RR024173, DK37175]; National Urea Cycle Disorder Foundation; Urea Cycle Disorders Rare Disease Clinical Research Network; American Heart Association [National 0735042N]; Canadian Institute of Health Research FX This work was supported by the US National Institutes of Health (DK54450, RR19453, RR00188, GM90310 to B.L., GM07526 and DK081735 to A.E., HL75511 to J.L.A., RR024173 to J.C.M. and DK37175 to W.E.M.). We acknowledge and thank the clinical efforts of M. Mullins, S. Carter, A. Tran, J. Stuff, W. Martinek and the Texas Children's Hospital General Clinical Research Center nursing staff. The mutated human ASL-encoding plasmids were kindly provided by L. Salviati from the Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. We thank the families of the subjects for their kind participation. We greatly appreciate the technical contributions of M. Jiang, E. Munivez, B. Dawson, G. Sule and J. Zhang. We thank L. Castillo for helpful discussions. Figures were produced using Servier Medical Art. A.E., S.C.S.N. and O.A.S. are awardees of the National Urea Cycle Disorder Foundation Research Fellowship. O.A.S. is an awardee of the O'Malley Fellowship of the Urea Cycle Disorders Rare Disease Clinical Research Network. N.S.B. is supported by the American Heart Association-National 0735042N. P.M.C. is an awardee of the Canadian Institute of Health Research clinician-scientist training award. NR 43 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 1619 EP U134 DI 10.1038/nm.2544 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 860WC UT WOS:000297978000033 PM 22081021 ER PT J AU Hoorens, P Rinaldi, M Mihi, B Dreesen, L Grit, G Meeusen, E Li, RW Geldhof, P AF Hoorens, P. Rinaldi, M. Mihi, B. Dreesen, L. Grit, G. Meeusen, E. Li, R. W. Geldhof, P. TI Galectin-11 induction in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle following nematode and protozoan infections SO PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bovine; Cooperia oncophora; Dictyocaulus viviparous; galectin-11; Giardia duodenalis; Ostertagia ostertagi ID GENE; OSTERTAGIASIS; INFLAMMATION; RESISTANCE; EXPULSION; BOVINE AB Galectin-11 (LGALS11) has been suggested to play an important role in protective immunity against gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. However, in cattle, this molecule has not been characterized in detail. In the current study, it was shown that transcription of LGALS11 was highly inducible in the bovine abomasal mucosa after an Ostertagia ostertagi infection. LGALS11 protein expression was also increased in the abomasal mucosa following O. ostertagi infection and localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm of epithelial cells and the mucus. Using in vitro abomasal epithelial cell cultures, it was shown that LGALS11 induction was associated with the proliferative and dedifferentiated status of cells. However, LGALS11 was not induced following stimulation with O. ostertagi excretory-secretory products. These results suggest that LGALS11 induction in vivo may be an indirect rather than a direct effect of the parasite on the epithelium. In addition, LGALS11 transcript was also detected in the abomasal lymph nodes where it was shown to be transcribed in MHCII(+) cells; however, transcription levels in the lymph nodes were not altered after O. ostertagi infection. In addition, LGALS11 was also induced in the small intestine by different types of parasites, including the nematode Cooperia oncophora and the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis. C1 [Hoorens, P.; Rinaldi, M.; Mihi, B.; Dreesen, L.; Grit, G.; Geldhof, P.] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Virol Parasitol & Immunol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Meeusen, E.] Monash Univ, Sch Biomed Sci, Biotechnol Res Labs, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Li, R. W.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Geldhof, P (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Virol Parasitol & Immunol, Fac Vet Med, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. EM peter.geldhof@UGent.be FU Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen) [IWT-SB/61028/Hoorens]; Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (F.W.O.) [1.5.005.07] FX This research was funded by a PhD grant of the 'Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders' (IWT-Vlaanderen) (IWT-SB/61028/Hoorens) and supported by the 'Fund for Scientific Research Flanders' (F.W.O. 1.5.005.07). NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0141-9838 J9 PARASITE IMMUNOL JI Parasite Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 33 IS 12 BP 669 EP 678 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01336.x PG 10 WC Immunology; Parasitology SC Immunology; Parasitology GA 857TQ UT WOS:000297744000004 PM 21958368 ER PT J AU Turechek, WW Madden, LV Gent, DH Xu, XM AF Turechek, W. W. Madden, L. V. Gent, D. H. Xu, X-M TI Comments Regarding the Binary Power Law for Heterogeneity of Disease Incidence SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL-PATTERN ANALYSIS; HOP POWDERY MILDEW; SPORE DISPERSAL GRADIENT; CITRUS SUDDEN-DEATH; TEMPORAL ANALYSES; BACTERIAL-BLIGHT; MULTIPLE SCALES; LEAF-BLIGHT; HIERARCHY; EPIDEMICS AB The binary power law (BPL) has been successfully used to characterize heterogeneity (overdispersion or small-scale aggregation) of disease incidence for many plant pathosystems. With the BPL, the log of the observed variance is a linear function of the log of the theoretical variance for a binomial distribution over the range of incidence values, and the estimated scale (kappa) and slope (b) parameters provide information on the characteristics of aggregation. When b == 1, the interpretation is that the degree of aggregation remains constant over the range of incidence values observed; otherwise, aggregation is variable. In two articles published in this journal in 2009, Gosme and Lucas used their stochastic simulation model, Cascade, to show a multiphasic (split-line) relationship of the variances, with straight-line (linear) relationships on a log-log scale within each phase. In particular, they showed a strong break point in the lines at very low incidence, with b considerably > 1 in the first line segment (corresponding to a range of incidence values usually not observed in the field), and b being approximate to a parts per thousand 1 in the next segment (corresponding to the range of incidence values usually observed). We evaluated their findings by utilizing a general spatially explicit stochastic simulator developed by Xu and Ridout in 1998, with a wide range of median dispersal distances for the contact distribution and number of plants in the sampling units (quadrats), and through an assessment of published BPL results. The simulation results showed that the split-line phenomenon can occur, with a break point at incidence values of approximate to a parts per thousand 0.01; however, the split is most obvious for short median dispersal distances and large quadrat sizes. However, values of b in the second phase were almost always > 1, and only approached 1 with extremely short median dispersal distances and small quadrat sizes. An appraisal of published results showed no evidence of multiple phases (although the minimum incidence may generally be too high to observe the break), and estimates of b were almost always > 1. Thus, it appears that the results from the Cascade simulation model represent a special epidemiological case, corresponding primarily to a roughly nearest-neighbor population-dynamic process. Implications of a multiphasic BPL property may be important and are discussed. C1 [Turechek, W. W.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Madden, L. V.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Gent, D. H.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Xu, X-M] E Malling Res, Plant Pathol, E Malling ME19 6BJ, Kent, England. RP Turechek, WW (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM William.Turechek@ars.usda.gov RI Xu, Xiangming/I-3050-2014 OI Xu, Xiangming/0000-0002-4567-7117 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) CRIS [6618-22000-026-00D, 5358-21000-040-00D]; USDA [2010-34493-21087]; Chinese Natural Science Foundation [30928016] FX Financial support for W. Turechek was provided in part by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) CRIS project 6618-22000-026-00D. Financial support for L. Madden was provided in part by USDA Special Grant 2010-34493-21087. Financial support for D. Gent was provided in part by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5358-21000-040-00D. Financial support for X.-M. Xu was provided in part by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation project number 30928016. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 101 IS 12 BP 1396 EP 1407 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-04-11-0100 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 854RJ UT WOS:000297511600001 PM 21864088 ER PT J AU Rouse, MN Jin, Y AF Rouse, M. N. Jin, Y. TI Genetics of Resistance to Race TTKSK of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici in Triticum monococcum SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STEM RUST RESISTANCE; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; CHROMOSOME LOCATION; US WHEAT; VIRULENCE; GENES; SR24; LINES; SR36 AB Race TTKSK (or Ug99) of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici possesses virulence to several stem rust resistance genes commonly present in wheat cultivars grown worldwide. New variants detected in the race TTKSK lineage further broadened the virulence spectrum. The identification of sources of genetic resistance to race TTKSK and its relatives is necessary to enable the development and deployment of resistant varieties. Accessions of Triticum monococcum, an A-genome diploid wild and cultivated wheat, have previously been characterized as resistant to stem rust. Three resistance genes were identified and introgressed into hexaploid wheat: Sr21, Sr22, and Sr35. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic control and allelic relationships of resistance to race TTKSK in T. monococcum accessions identified through evaluations at the seedling stage. Generation F2 progeny of 8 crosses between resistant and susceptible accessions and 13 crosses between resistant accessions of T. monococcum were evaluated with race TTKSK and often with North American races, including races QFCSC, TTTTF, and MCCFC. For a selected population segregating for three genes conferring resistance to race TTKSK, F2:3 progeny were evaluated with races TTKSK, QFCSC, and TTTTF. In that population, we detected two genes conferring resistance to race TTKSK that are different from Sr21, Sr22, and Sr35. One of the new genes was effective to all races tested. The identification of these genes will facilitate the development of varieties with new resistance to race TTKSK. C1 [Rouse, M. N.; Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Yue.Jin@ars.usda.gov RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU USDA-ARS; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX Funding for this research was provided by the USDA-ARS and the Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat project funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This research would not be possible without technical support from L. Wanschura, S. Gale, P. Olivera, and several University of Minnesota undergraduate student technicians. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful changes to the text. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 101 IS 12 BP 1418 EP 1423 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-05-11-0133 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 854RJ UT WOS:000297511600003 PM 22070278 ER PT J AU Yang, MM Mavrodi, DV Mavrodi, OV Bonsall, RF Parejko, JA Paulitz, TC Thomashow, LS Yang, HT Weller, DM Guo, JH AF Yang, Ming-Ming Mavrodi, Dmitri V. Mavrodi, Olga V. Bonsall, Robert F. Parejko, James A. Paulitz, Timothy C. Thomashow, Linda S. Yang, He-Tong Weller, David M. Guo, Jian-Hua TI Biological Control of Take-All by Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. from Chinese Wheat Fields SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antibiotic ID GRAMINIS VAR TRITICI; GAEUMANNOMYCES-GRAMINIS; PHENAZINE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID; SOIL SUPPRESSIVENESS; PHENAZINE COMPOUNDS; AUREOFACIENS 30-84; VAR. TRITICI; GROWN WHEAT; ROOT-ROT; BACTERIA AB Take-all disease of wheat caused by the soilborne fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is one of the most important root diseases of wheat worldwide. Bacteria were isolated from winter wheat from irrigated and rainfed fields in Hebei and Jiangsu provinces in China, respectively. Samples from rhizosphere soil, roots, stems, and leaves were plated onto King's medium B agar and 553 isolates were selected. On the basis of in vitro tests, 105 isolates (19% of the total) inhibited G. graminis var. tritici and all were identified as Pseudomonas spp. by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. Based on biocontrol assays, 13 strains were selected for further analysis. All of them aggressively colonized the rhizosphere of wheat and suppressed take-all. Of the 13 strains, 3 (HC9-07, HC13-07, and JC14-07, all stem endophytes) had genes for the biosynthesis of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) but none had genes for the production of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, or pyrrolnitrin. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of 2-day-old cultures confirmed that HC9-07, HC13-07, and JC14-07 produced PCA but no other phenazines were detected. HPLC quantitative time-of-flight 2 mass-spectrometry analysis of extracts from roots of spring wheat colonized by HC9-07, HC13-07, or Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 demonstrated that all three strains produced PCA in the rhizosphere. Loss of PCA production by strain HC9-07 resulted in a loss of biocontrol activity. Analysis of DNA sequences within the key phenazine biosynthesis gene phzF and of 16S rDNA indicated that strains HC9-07, HC13-07, and JC14-07 were similar to the well-described PCA producer P. fluorescens 2-79. This is the first report of 2-79-like bacteria being isolated from Asia. C1 [Yang, Ming-Ming; Guo, Jian-Hua] Nanjing Agr Univ, Engn Ctr Bioresource Pesticide Jiangsu Prov, Key Lab Monitoring & Management Crop Dis & Pest I, Dept Plant Pathol,Coll Plant Protect,Minist Agr, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. [Mavrodi, Dmitri V.; Mavrodi, Olga V.; Bonsall, Robert F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Parejko, James A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Paulitz, Timothy C.; Thomashow, Linda S.; Weller, David M.] USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99163 USA. [Yang, He-Tong] Shandong Acad Sci, Inst Biol, Jinan 250014, Peoples R China. RP Guo, JH (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Engn Ctr Bioresource Pesticide Jiangsu Prov, Key Lab Monitoring & Management Crop Dis & Pest I, Dept Plant Pathol,Coll Plant Protect,Minist Agr, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. EM wellerd@wsu.edu; jhguo@njau.edu.cn RI Mavrodi, Dmitri/J-2745-2013; OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 FU Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest [200903052]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30971956]; Jiangsu Special Guiding Fund Project for Scientific Innovation and Technology Transfer [BY2009157]; Chinese Scholarship of Research Plan for Joint Educational Ph.D. Program FX This research was supported by Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (Number 200903052), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971956), Jiangsu Special Guiding Fund Project for Scientific Innovation and Technology Transfer (BY2009157), and Chinese Scholarship of Research Plan for Joint Educational Ph.D. Program. NR 61 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 101 IS 12 BP 1481 EP 1491 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-04-11-0096 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 854RJ UT WOS:000297511600010 PM 22070279 ER PT J AU Kleinman, PJA Sharpley, AN McDowell, RW Flaten, DN Buda, AR Tao, L Bergstrom, L Zhu, Q AF Kleinman, Peter J. A. Sharpley, Andrew N. McDowell, Richard W. Flaten, Don N. Buda, Anthony R. Tao, Liang Bergstrom, Lars Zhu, Qing TI Managing agricultural phosphorus for water quality protection: principles for progress SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Phosphorus; Eutrophication; Runoff; Manure; Fertilizer; Nutrient management ID SOURCE-AREA CONTROLS; MANURE APPLICATION; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; DISSOLVED PHOSPHORUS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT; MITIGATION OPTIONS; CANADIAN PRAIRIES; RUNOFF PHOSPHORUS AB The eutrophication of aquatic systems due to diffuse pollution of agricultural phosphorus (P) is a local, even regional, water quality problem that can be found world-wide. Sustainable management of P requires prudent tempering of agronomic practices, recognizing that additional steps are often required to reduce the downstream impacts of most production systems. Strategies to mitigate diffuse losses of P must consider chronic (edaphic) and acute, temporary (fertilizer, manure, vegetation) sources. Even then, hydrology can readily convert modest sources into significant loads, including via subsurface pathways. Systemic drivers, particularly P surpluses that result in long-term over-application of P to soils, are the most recalcitrant causes of diffuse P loss. Even in systems where P application is in balance with withdrawal, diffuse pollution can be exacerbated by management systems that promote accumulation of P within the effective layer of effective interaction between soils and runoff water. Indeed, conventional conservation practices aimed at controlling soil erosion must be evaluated in light of their ability to exacerbate dissolved P pollution. Understanding the opportunities and limitations of P management strategies is essential to ensure that water quality expectations are realistic and that our beneficial management practices are both efficient and effective. C1 [Kleinman, Peter J. A.; Buda, Anthony R.; Zhu, Qing] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. [Sharpley, Andrew N.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [McDowell, Richard W.] AgResearch Ltd, Invermay Agr Ctr, Mosgiel, New Zealand. [Flaten, Don N.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Tao, Liang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Bergstrom, Lars] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Soil Sci, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Kleinman, PJA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. EM peter.kleinman@ars.usda.gov RI Buda, Anthony/B-4860-2013; Baulch, Helen/I-9529-2012 OI McDowell, Richard/0000-0003-3911-4825; NR 102 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 10 U2 109 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD DEC PY 2011 VL 349 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 169 EP 182 DI 10.1007/s11104-011-0832-9 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 857SE UT WOS:000297738400011 ER PT J AU Jones, SJ Gent, DH Pethybridge, SJ Hay, FS AF Jones, S. J. Gent, D. H. Pethybridge, S. J. Hay, F. S. TI Spatial characteristics of white mould epidemics and the development of sequential sampling plans in Australian bean fields SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidemic development; Phaseolus vulgaris; sampling precision; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; white mould ID HOP POWDERY MILDEW; DISEASE INCIDENCE DATA; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; CARPOGENIC GERMINATION; LEAF-BLIGHT; SWEET CORN; STEM ROT; CLASSIFICATION; POPULATIONS; ASCOSPORES AB To improve sampling efficiency and precision in the assessment of white mould (caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) disease incidence on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), the spatial characteristics of epidemics were characterized in 54 linear transects in 18 bean fields during 2008-2010 in northern Tasmania, Australia. The incidence of diseased pods and plants was assessed prior to harvest. Distributional and correlation-based analyses indicated the incidence of diseased pods was characterized by a largely random pattern at the individual plant scale, with some patches of similar disease levels on pods occurring at a scale of 1.5 m or greater. Collectively, these results suggested epidemics may be dominated by localized sources of inoculum. Sequential sampling approaches were developed to estimate or classify disease incidence above or below provisional thresholds of 3, 5 and 15% incidence on pods near harvest. Achieving prespecified levels of precision by sequential estimation was possible only when disease incidence on pods was greater than approximately 4% and sampling was relatively intense (i.e. 10 pods evaluated on each of at least 64 plants). Using sequential classification, correct decisions on disease status were made in at least 95% of independent validation datasets after assessment of only 10.1-15 plants, depending on classification threshold and error rates. Outcomes of this research provide the basis for implementing more efficient sampling and management strategies for this disease in Australian fields. C1 [Jones, S. J.; Hay, F. S.] Univ Tasmania, TIAR, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. [Gent, D. H.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pethybridge, S. J.] Bot Resources Australia Agr Serv Pty Ltd, Ulverstone, Tas 7315, Australia. RP Jones, SJ (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, TIAR, POB 3523, Burnie, Tas 7320, Australia. EM Frank.Hay@utas.edu.au RI Jones, Suzie/J-2779-2013 OI Jones, Suzie/0000-0003-1014-4772 FU Horticulture Australia Limited; AusVeg [VG07126, 2.1]; USDA-ARS [5358-21000-035-00]; University of Tasmania FX This project was funded by Horticulture Australia Limited in partnership with AusVeg (project number VG07126; program 2.1) and USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5358-21000-035-00. We gratefully acknowledge the bean growers and processors who allowed access to their fields for sampling. Travel of Dr Gent to Australia was also partially funded by the University of Tasmania's Visiting Scholar Program. Thanks are also extended to Craig Palmer, Stacey Pilkington, Dr Jason Scott, Thomas O'Malley, Phillip Beveridge, Gordon Tuck, and Phil Gardam, University of Tasmania, for excellent technical assistance. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 6 BP 1169 EP 1182 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2011.02466.x PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 854PU UT WOS:000297507500019 ER PT J AU Lim, HS Jang, C Bae, H Kim, J Lee, CH Hong, JS Ju, HJ Kim, HG Domier, LL AF Lim, Hyoun-Sub Jang, ChanYong Bae, Hanhong Kim, JoonKi Lee, Cheol-Ho Hong, Jin-Sung Ju, Ho-Jong Kim, Hong Gi Domier, Leslie L. TI Soybean mosaic virus Infection and Helper Component-protease Enhance Accumulation of Bean pod mottle virus-Specific siRNAs SO PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dicer; posttranscriptional gene silencing; RISC; small interfering RNA ID RNA SILENCING SUPPRESSORS; HC-PRO; VIRAL SUPPRESSORS; SYMPTOM DEVELOPMENT; PLANT-VIRUSES; EXPRESSION; PATHOGENICITY; STRATEGY; RECOVERY; TOBACCO AB Soybean plants infected with Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) develop acute symptoms that usually decrease in severity over time. In other plant-virus interactions, this type of symptom recovery has been associated with degradation of viral RNAs by RNA silencing, which is accompanied by the accumulation of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). In this study, changes in the accumulation of BPMV siRNAs were investigated in soybean plants infected with BPMV alone, or infected with both BPMV and Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and in transgenic soybean plants expressing SMV helper component-protease (HC-Pro). In many potyviruses, HC-Pro is a potent suppressor of RNA silencing. In plants infected with BPMV alone, accumulation of siRNAs was positively correlated with symptom severity and accumulation of BPMV genomic RNAs. Plants infected with both BPMV and SMV and BPMV-infected transgenic soybean plants expressing SMV HC-Pro exhibited severe symptoms characteristic of BPMV-SMV synergism, and showed enhanced accumulation of BPMV RNAs and siRNAs compared to plants infected with BPMV alone and nontransgenic plants. Likewise, SMV HC-Pro enhanced the accumulation of siRNAs produced from a silenced green fluorescent protein gene in transient expression assays, while the P19 silencing suppressor of Tomato bushy stunt virus did not. Consistent with the modes of action of HC-Pro in other systems, which have shown that HC-Pro suppresses RNA silencing by preventing the unwinding of duplex siRNAs and inhibiting siRNA methylation, these studies showed that SMV HC-Pro interfered with the activities of RNA-induced silencing complexes, but not the activities of Dicer-like enzymes in antiviral defenses. C1 [Lim, Hyoun-Sub; Domier, Leslie L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lim, Hyoun-Sub; Jang, ChanYong; Kim, JoonKi; Kim, Hong Gi] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Gyongsan, South Korea. [Lee, Cheol-Ho] Seokyoung Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136704, South Korea. [Lee, Cheol-Ho] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, Cheol-Ho] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hong, Jin-Sung] Seoul Womans Univ, Inst Nat Sci, Seoul 139774, South Korea. [Ju, Ho-Jong] Chunbuk Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biol, Jeonju 561756, South Korea. [Domier, Leslie L.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Domier, LL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, 1102 Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM leslie.domier@ars.usda.gov FU Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ008063] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Next-Generation Biogreen 21 Program (PJ008063), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU KOREAN SOC PLANT PATHOLOGY PI SUWON PA NATIONAL INST AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, PLANT PATHOLOGY DIVISION, SUWON, 441-707, SOUTH KOREA SN 1598-2254 J9 PLANT PATHOLOGY J JI Plant Pathol. J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 27 IS 4 BP 315 EP 323 DI 10.5423/PPJ.2011.27.4.315 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 856TB UT WOS:000297665200003 ER PT J AU Chen, ZJ Cui, QQ Liang, CY Sun, LL Tian, J Liao, H AF Chen, Zhijian Cui, Qiangqiang Liang, Cuiyue Sun, Lili Tian, Jiang Liao, Hong TI Identification of differentially expressed proteins in soybean nodules under phosphorus deficiency through proteomic analysis SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Nodules; Plant proteomics; Phosphorus deficiency; Roots; Soybean ID BEAN PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; STARVATION RESPONSIVE GENES; NITROGEN-FIXATION; ROOT-NODULES; MALATE-DEHYDROGENASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; PISUM-SATIVUM; PLANTS; GROWTH AB Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is a high-phosphorus demand process. Proteomic analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed proteins in soybean nodules under phosphate starvation, and qRT-PCR was subsequently conducted to examine the expression patterns of the genes encoding the identified proteins. There were 44 phosphate-starvation responsive proteins identified from soybean nodules. Among them, 14 plant and 3 rhizobial proteins were up-regulated, whereas 13 plant and 14 rhizobial proteins were down-regulated by phosphate starvation. The qRT-PCR assays verified that gene expression correlated with 11 of the 14 up-regulated proteins from plants, but only 4 of 13 down-regulated proteins were correlated to the expression of the corresponding genes, suggesting that most up-regulated proteins may be controlled at the transcriptional level, whereas down-regulated proteins were controlled at the post-transcriptional level. Furthermore, a group of genes exhibited differential responses to phosphate starvation in nodules versus roots, suggesting that different adaptive responses might occur between roots and nodules. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to reveal differential protein profiles of nodules responding to phosphate starvation through proteomic analysis, which could result in a relatively comprehensive understanding of molecular mechanisms through which soybean nodules adapt to phosphorus stress. C1 [Chen, Zhijian; Cui, Qiangqiang; Liang, Cuiyue; Sun, Lili; Tian, Jiang; Liao, Hong] S China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Root Biol Ctr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Liang, Cuiyue] Cornell Univ, Robert Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY USA. [Sun, Lili] Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Inst Trop Crop Genet Resources, Danzhou, Peoples R China. RP Tian, J (reprint author), S China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Root Biol Ctr, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM jtian@scau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30890132, 31025022]; National Key Basic Research Special Funds of China [2011CB100301] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Leon Kochian for critical comments. This work is jointly supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30890132 and 31025022) and the National Key Basic Research Special Funds of China (Grant No. 2011CB100301). NR 44 TC 21 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 24 BP 4648 EP 4659 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100231 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 855RV UT WOS:000297582900007 PM 22002838 ER PT J AU Chen, X MacDonald, MH Khan, F Garrett, WM Matthews, BF Natarajan, SS AF Chen, Xi MacDonald, Margaret H. Khan, Farooq Garrett, Wesley M. Matthews, Benjamin F. Natarajan, Savithiry S. TI Two-dimensional proteome reference maps for the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE 2-DE; Animal proteomics; Heterodera glycines; Plant parasitic nematode; Reference map ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; MAX AB 2-DE reference maps of Heterodera glycines were constructed. After in-gel digestion with trypsin, 803 spots representing 426 proteins were subsequently identified by LC-MS/MS. Proteins with annotated function were further categorized by Gene Ontology. The results showed that proteins involved in metabolic, developmental and biological regulation processes were the most abundant. C1 [Chen, Xi; MacDonald, Margaret H.; Khan, Farooq; Matthews, Benjamin F.; Natarajan, Savithiry S.] ARS, USDA, PSI, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Natarajan, SS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PSI, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM savi.natarajan@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the United Soybean Board. Mention of trade name, proprietary product or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 24 BP 4742 EP 4746 DI 10.1002/pmic.201100220 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 855RV UT WOS:000297582900015 PM 22038885 ER PT J AU Poulose, SM Bielinski, DF Carrihill-Knoll, K Rabin, BM Shukitt-Hale, B AF Poulose, Shibu M. Bielinski, Donna F. Carrihill-Knoll, Kirsty Rabin, Bernard M. Shukitt-Hale, Barbara TI Exposure to O-16-Particle Radiation Causes Aging-Like Decrements in Rats through Increased Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Loss of Autophagy SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-PARTICLE IRRADIATION; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; NF-KAPPA-B; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; FE-56 PARTICLES; TRANSGENIC MICE; PKC-ALPHA; SPACE; ACTIVATION; SYSTEM AB Poulose, S. M., Bielinski, D. F., Carrihill-Knoll, K., Rabin, B. M. and Shukitt-Hale, B. Exposure to O-16-Particle Radiation Causes Aging-Like Decrements in Rats through Increased Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Loss of Autophagy. Radiat. Res. 176, 761-769 (2011). Exposing young rats to particles of high energy and charge (HZE particles), a ground-based model for exposure to cosmic rays, enhances indices of oxidative stress and inflammation, disrupts the functioning of neuronal communication, and alters cognitive behaviors. Even though exposure to HZE particles occurs at low fluence rates, the cumulative effects of long-term exposure result in molecular changes similar to those seen in aged animals. In the present study, we assessed markers of autophagy, a dynamic process for intracellular degradation and recycling of toxic proteins and organelles, as well as stress and inflammatory responses, in the brains of Sprague-Dawley rats irradiated at 2 months of age with 5 and 50 eGy and 1 Gy of ionizing oxygen particles (O-16) (1000 MeV/n). Compared to nonirradiated controls, exposure to O-16 particles significantly inhibited autophagy function in the hippocampus as measured by accumulation of ubiquitin inclusion bodies such as P62/SQSTM I, autophagosome marker microtubule-associated protein 1 beta light chain 3 (MAP1B-LC3), beclin1 and proteins such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The molecular changes measured at short (36 h) and long (75 days) intervals after O-16-particle exposure indicate that the loss of autophagy function occurred shortly after exposure but was recovered via inhibition of mTOR. However, HZE-particle radiation caused significant sustained loss of protein kinase C alpha (PKC-alpha), a key G protein modulator involved in neuronal survival and functions of neuronal trophic factors. Exposure to O-16 particles also caused substantial increases in the levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), indicating glial cell activation 75 days after exposure. This is the first report to show the molecular effects of O-16-particle radiation on oxidative stress, inflammation and loss of autophagy in the brain of young rats. (C) 2011 by Radiation Research Society C1 [Poulose, Shibu M.; Bielinski, Donna F.; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara] Tufts Univ, USDA, ARS, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Carrihill-Knoll, Kirsty; Rabin, Bernard M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Psychol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Shukitt-Hale, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, ARS, HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Shukitthale@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; NASA [NNX08AM66G] FX This research was supported in part by USDA Intramural and NASA Grant NNX08AM66G. The authors would like to thank the Animal Care Facilities of BNL and the HNRCA for their assistance in caring for the rats. NR 43 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 176 IS 6 BP 761 EP 769 DI 10.1667/RR2605.1 PG 9 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 859VN UT WOS:000297904000008 PM 21962006 ER PT J AU Doran, JW AF Doran, John Walsh TI Parting editorial: Renewing Earth and its people - translating science into practice SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Doran, John Walsh] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Doran, John Walsh] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Doran, JW (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 26 IS 4 BP 267 EP 268 DI 10.1017/S1742170511000421 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 854RA UT WOS:000297510700001 ER PT J AU Abbott, AM Hequet, EF Higgerson, GJ Lucas, SR Naylor, GRS Thibodeaux, DP AF Abbott, A. M. Hequet, E. F. Higgerson, G. J. Lucas, S. R. Naylor, G. R. S. Thibodeaux, D. P. TI Precision of the upgraded Cottonscan (TM) instrument for measuring the average fiber linear density (fineness) of cotton lint samples SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID PERFORMANCE C1 [Abbott, A. M.; Higgerson, G. J.; Lucas, S. R.; Naylor, G. R. S.] CSIRO, Belmont, Vic 3216, Australia. [Hequet, E. F.] Texas Tech Univ, Fiber & Biopolymer Res Inst, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Thibodeaux, D. P.] ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, USDA, Clemson, SC USA. RP Naylor, GRS (reprint author), CSIRO, POB 21, Belmont, Vic 3216, Australia. EM geoff.naylor@csiro.au RI Hequet, Eric/A-9802-2008; Lucas, Stuart/A-4674-2009 OI Lucas, Stuart/0000-0002-9490-6203 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 81 IS 20 BP 2180 EP 2183 DI 10.1177/0040517511414972 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 857FK UT WOS:000297701800010 ER PT J AU Flather, CH Hayward, GD Beissinger, SR Stephens, PA AF Flather, Curtis H. Hayward, Gregory D. Beissinger, Steven R. Stephens, Philip A. TI A general target for MVPs: unsupported and unnecessary SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Letter ID MINIMUM VIABLE POPULATION; MAGIC NUMBER; CONSERVATION; SIZES C1 [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hayward, Gregory D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Beissinger, Steven R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hayward, Gregory D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Stephens, Philip A.] Univ Durham, Sch Biol & Biomed Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Stephens, PA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM philip.stephens@durham.ac.uk RI Beissinger, Steven/F-3809-2012; Stephens, Philip/B-8397-2008; Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Stephens, Philip/0000-0001-5849-788X; Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0169-5347 J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL JI Trends Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 26 IS 12 BP 620 EP 622 DI 10.1016/j.tree.2011.09.014 PG 3 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 858EA UT WOS:000297777500005 ER PT J AU Smiley, PC Allred, BJ AF Smiley, Peter C., Jr. Allred, Barry J. TI Differences in aquatic communities between wetlands created by an agricultural water recycling system SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fishes; Amphibians; Reptiles; Wetland creation; Agriculture; Subirrigation ID CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; AREA RELATIONSHIPS; FRESH-WATER; MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; AMPHIBIANS; OHIO; RESTORATION; VEGETATION; PHOSPHATE AB Establishment of an agricultural water recycling system known as the wetland reservoir subirrigation system (WRSIS) results in the creation of two different types of wetlands adjacent to agricultural fields. Each WRSIS consists of one treatment wetland designed to process agricultural contaminants (WRSIS wetlands) and one storage wetland for holding subirrigation water (WRSIS reservoirs). Previous WRSIS related research has focused on the filtration ability and development of aquatic plants within WRSIS wetlands. The fauna of the WRSIS reservoirs and how its aquatic community structure compares with WRSIS wetlands is unknown. We compared fish, amphibian, and reptile community structure between WRSIS wetlands and reservoirs in northwestern Ohio. Fishes, amphibians, and reptiles were sampled by seining, hoop netting, and gee minnow trapping in three WRSIS wetlands and three WRSIS reservoirs in June of 2006, 2007, and 2008. No difference in species richness, abundance, percent fish, percent reptiles, fish abundance, or reptile abundance occurred between the smaller shallower WRSIS wetlands and the deeper larger WRSIS reservoirs. Percent amphibians and amphibian abundance was greater in WRSIS wetlands than reservoirs. Jaccard's index scores ranged from 0 to 0.5 and indicated species composition differed between WRSIS wetlands and reservoirs. Our results assisted with the development of design and management criteria incorporating wetland size, hydrology, and upland habitat intended to enable WRSIS wetlands to function primarily as amphibian habitat and the reservoirs to function as fish habitat. C1 [Smiley, Peter C., Jr.; Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Smiley, PC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM rocky.smiley@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-4861 EI 1572-9834 J9 WETL ECOL MANAG JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 19 IS 6 BP 495 EP 505 DI 10.1007/s11273-011-9231-5 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 855UM UT WOS:000297590900002 ER PT J AU Poly, C Massaro, JM Seshadri, S Wolf, PA Cho, EY Krall, E Jacques, PF Au, R AF Poly, Coreyann Massaro, Joseph M. Seshadri, Sudha Wolf, Philip A. Cho, Eunyoung Krall, Elizabeth Jacques, Paul F. Au, Rhoda TI The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; STROKE RISK PROFILE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; VASCULAR DEMENTIA; MEMORY DEFICITS; BRAIN VOLUME; DOUBLE-BLIND; IMPAIRMENT; ACETYLCHOLINE; HOMOCYSTEINE AB Background: Choline is the precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Loss of cholinergic neurons is associated with impaired cognitive function, particularly memory loss and Alzheimer disease (AD). Brain atrophy and white-matter hyperintensity (WMH) are also associated with impaired cognitive function and AD. Objective: The objective was to determine whether a relation exists between dietary choline intake, cognitive function, and brain morphology in a large, nondemented community-based cohort. Design: A dementia-free cohort of 1391 subjects (744 women, 647 men; age range: 36-83 y; mean +/- SD age: 60.9 +/- 9.29 y) from the Framingham Offspring population completed a food-frequency questionnaire administered from 1991 to 1995 (exam 5; remote intake) and from 1998 to 2001 (exam 7; concurrent intake). Participants underwent neuropsychological evaluation and brain MRI at exam 7. Four neuropsychological factors were constructed: verbal memory (VM), visual memory (VsM), verbal learning, and executive function. MRI measures included WMH volume (WMHV). Results: Performance on the VM and VsM factors was better with higher concurrent choline intake in multivariable-adjusted models for VM (average change in neuropsychological factor per 1-unit change in choline = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.91;P < 0.01) and VsM (0.66; 95% CI: 0.19, 1.13; P < 0.01). Remote choline intake was inversely related to log-transformed WMHV (average change in log WMHV per 1-unit change in choline = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.10, -0.01; P = 0.02). Furthermore, an inverse association was observed between remote higher choline intake and presence of large WMVH (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.92; P = 0.01). Conclusion: In this community-based population of nondemented individuals, higher concurrent choline intake was related to better cognitive performance, whereas higher remote choline intake was associated with little to no WMHV. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:1584-91. C1 [Au, Rhoda] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Neurol Epidemiol & Genet Div, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Massaro, Joseph M.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Massaro, Joseph M.] Boston Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Wolf, Philip A.; Cho, Eunyoung] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Wolf, Philip A.; Cho, Eunyoung] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA. [Krall, Elizabeth] Boston Univ, Henry M Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Au, R (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Neurol Epidemiol & Genet Div, 715 Albany St,B-608, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM rhodaau@bu.edu OI Massaro, Joseph/0000-0002-2682-4812; Au, Rhoda/0000-0001-7742-4491; Seshadri, Sudha/0000-0001-6135-2622 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; NIH (NIH/NHLB) [N01-HC-25195]; National Institute on Aging (NIA) [NIA 5R01-AG16495, NIA 5R01-AG08122]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) [5R01-NS17950]; USDA; Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX Supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, the NIH (NIH/NHLBI contract N01-HC-25195), the National Institute on Aging (NIA 5R01-AG16495 and NIA 5R01-AG08122), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS 5R01-NS17950), and the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (agreement no. 58-1950-7-707). NR 66 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 6 BP 1584 EP 1591 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.008938 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852PA UT WOS:000297368700028 PM 22071706 ER PT J AU Riddick, EW Rojas, MG Wu, Z AF Riddick, E. W. Rojas, M. G. Wu, Z. TI Lima bean-lady beetle interactions: spider mite mediates sublethal effects of its host plant on growth and development of its predator SO ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Cyanogenic glycoside; Host plant resistance; Linamarin; Coccinellidae; Leguminosae; Tetranychidae ID BREVICORYNE-BRASSICAE; TETRANYCHUS-URTICAE; HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS; HOOKED TRICHOMES; COLEOPTERA; COCCINELLIDAE; PREY; DEFENSE; HOMOPTERA; APHIDIDAE AB Cultivated plants can have negative effects on natural enemies that attack spider mites. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that spider mites mediate effects of a lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus L., cultivar on the life history of a lady beetle Stethorus punctillum Weise. We provisioned laboratory arenas with two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch, from planters containing Henderson Bush Bean or Fordhook 242 lima bean plants and monitored the growth, development, larval survival, fecundity, and adult life span of predators. We determined the protein content and the linamarin (a cyanogenic glycoside) content in foliage, spider mites, and predators. Predators took longer to develop and were smaller sized when consuming mites from the Henderson foliage. There was no significant mite-mediated effect of cultivar on predator fecundity or life span. Although soluble protein was greater in foliage of the Henderson than the Fordhook cultivar, mites contained less protein when reared on the Henderson, and predators contained less protein when fed with mites from the Henderson. Linamarin content was greater in Henderson than Fordhook foliage, and greater in spider mites and predators in the Henderson treatment. Linamarin in Henderson foliage may reduce the ability of spider mites to utilize plant protein. As a result, prey quality is reduced and predators that feed on these prey (from the Henderson treatment) grow at a slower rate and are smaller sized than their cohorts (from the Fordhook treatment). In conclusion, T. urticae mediates the effects of the Henderson cultivar on S. punctillum development but not fecundity or life span. C1 [Riddick, E. W.; Rojas, M. G.; Wu, Z.] USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Riddick, EW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM eric.riddick@ars.usda.gov OI riddick, eric/0000-0002-4795-961X NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1872-8855 J9 ARTHROPOD-PLANT INTE JI Arthropod-Plant Interact. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 287 EP 296 DI 10.1007/s11829-011-9145-4 PG 10 WC Ecology; Entomology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Entomology GA 852FT UT WOS:000297341900004 ER PT J AU Banks, JE Stark, JD Vargas, RI Ackleh, AS AF Banks, John E. Stark, John D. Vargas, Roger I. Ackleh, Azmy S. TI Parasitoids and ecological risk assessment: Can toxicity data developed for one species be used to protect an entire guild? SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Braconid; Matrix model; Pesticides; Sublethal effects ID FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; NATURAL ENEMIES; BREVICORYNE-BRASSICAE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; GROWTH-RATE; TEPHRITIDAE; MODELS; IMPACT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INSECTICIDES AB Parasitoid wasps are important control agents for a suite of economically important arthropod pests. However, it is well known that hymenoptera in general are highly vulnerable to the effects of chemical pesticides, and so represent an opportunity to better understand the compatibility of biological and chemical control of pests. Closely related species are often used in trials aimed at assessing the effects of different chemical toxicants on hymenoptera. Most of these tests focus on acute toxicity, with few exploring longer-term population outcomes. Here, using a simple mathematical framework, we quantify the relative vulnerability of a suite of parasitoid species to the sublethal effects of a toxicant acting on fecundity. Using an equation that describes a critical extinction threshold, we calculate levels of reduction in fecundity above which parasitoid species important for biological control are driven to local extinction. We apply this framework to four economically important braconid biological control agents (Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, Psyttalia fletcheri, Fopius arisanus, and Diaeretiella rapae), and find that threshold levels vary widely among them. In particular, we find that D. rapae is far more robust to pesticide exposure than the other three species, suggesting that these four species are not interchangeable in terms of risk assessment. Our findings imply that caution should be exercised in assuming species even within the same functional guild may be used as surrogate species for one another. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Banks, John E.] Univ Washington, Environm Sci Program, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA. [Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Ecotoxicol Program, Dept Entomol, Puyallup, WA USA. [Vargas, Roger I.] ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. [Ackleh, Azmy S.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Math, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. RP Banks, JE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Environm Sci Program, 1900 Commerce St, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA. EM banksj@uw.edu RI Banks, John/D-4194-2012 FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1059753] FX J.E.B. would like to thank the Helen Riaboff Whiteley Center on San Juan Island for lodging and use of facilities during the preparation of this manuscript. A. S. A. was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant # DMS-1059753. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 336 EP 339 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.09.005 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 852DN UT WOS:000297328500003 ER PT J AU Dogramaci, M Arthurs, SP Chen, JJ McKenzie, C Irrizary, F Osborne, L AF Dogramaci, Mahmut Arthurs, Steven P. Chen, Jianjun McKenzie, Cindy Irrizary, Fabieli Osborne, Lance TI Management of chilli thrips Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on peppers by Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Insidiosus flower bug; Intraguild predation; Host plant resistance ID OCCIDENTALIS PERGANDE THYSANOPTERA; WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; LEAF DOMATIA; NEOSEIULUS-CUCUMERIS; PREDATORY MITES; CROPS; GREENHOUSE; COMPATIBILITY AB Chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, recently established in southeast of the United States, poses an economic threat to a wide-range of ornamental and vegetable plants. In this study, we examined biological control of chilli thrips with a predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, and the insidious flower bug, Orius insidiosus Say. Laboratory tests showed that at equivalent rates, O. insidiosus was a more effective predator of adult thrips compared with A. swirskii, although the same trend was not observed with thrips larvae. At a rate of 20 predators per infested pepper plant, both predator species maintained 60.5 thrips per leaf and < 1% foliar damage after 5 weeks on all pepper varieties, compared with up to 13 thrips and > 40% damage on control plants. Slightly less effective control was observed in a second study, where a reduced rate of predators ( 10 per plant) resulted in approximately 20% foliar damage, while damage was > 90% on control plants. Plants treated with O. insidiosus alone or in combination with A. swirskii had consistently fewer adult thrips and plant damage compared with A. swirskii alone. Furthermore, we observed different susceptibilities to thrips among pepper varieties, with damage lowest on 'Trinidad perfume' and 'Brigadier hybrid' compared with 'Large red cherry', and 'Serrano'. Our results show that both predators were effective predators of chilli thrips on pepper and suggest that both species could be used in combination without decreased efficacy through intraguild predation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Dogramaci, Mahmut; Arthurs, Steven P.; Chen, Jianjun; Irrizary, Fabieli; Osborne, Lance] Univ Florida, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [McKenzie, Cindy] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Arthurs, SP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. EM dogramaci24@hotmail.com; spa@ufl.edu FU USDA; American Floral Endowment; USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative FX We are grateful to Mary Brennan, Katherine Houben, Ken Savage, Russell Caldwell and Irma Herrera for technical support. The study was supported by the USDA Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural Research (T-STAR) program, American Floral Endowment and the USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 340 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.09.008 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 852DN UT WOS:000297328500004 ER PT J AU Manrique, V Diaz, R Hight, SD Overholt, WA AF Manrique, Veronica Diaz, Rodrigo Hight, Stephen D. Overholt, William A. TI Evaluation of mortality factors using life table analysis of Gratiana boliviana, a biological control agent of tropical soda apple in Florida SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Solanum viarum; Invasive species; Biological control; Horizontal life-table; Vertical life-table; Fertility life-table ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT; SOLANUM-VIARUM; COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE; BIOCONTROL AGENT; FIELD CONDITIONS; WEED-CONTROL; LEPIDOPTERA; HOST; IDENTIFICATION; ESTABLISHMENT AB Tropical soda apple (TSA), Solanum viarum Dunal (Solanaceae), has invaded many pastures and natural areas in Florida. The biological control agent Gratiana boliviana Spaeth (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is providing adequate control of TSA stands in South and Central Florida. However, poor or no establishment of this agent has occurred in northern Florida. The goal of this study was to examine the mortality factors that influence the population dynamics of G. boliviana in Florida. Horizontal life tables were constructed by following cohorts of individuals in the laboratory and inside closed and open cages at field sites in Central and North Florida. Fertility life table parameters were estimated using laboratory and field data. In addition, as part of a vertical life table analysis, TSA plants were sampled every two weeks in pastures in Central Florida, and counts of all G. boliviana and other herbivores and predators were recorded. Survival to adulthood was similar between Central and North Florida (open cages: 12-19%). Intrinsic mortality (laboratory data) and biotic factors (predation) together accounted for 75% of the mortality of immature stages. Survival of beetles in a natural population determined from vertical life tables was 5%. A complex of three mirid species (Engytatus modesta Distant, Tupiocoris notatus Distant, and Macrolophus sp.) were the most abundant predators found in the field, and are known to feed on G. boliviana eggs and larvae. Positive growth rates (r(m) = 0.3) during the summer and early fall allow the beetle population to increase and provide suppression of TSA in Central Florida. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Manrique, Veronica; Diaz, Rodrigo; Overholt, William A.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Hight, Stephen D.] USDA ARS CMAVE, Insect Behav & Biocontrol Res Unit, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Manrique, V (reprint author), Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, 2199 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM vero72@ufl.edu FU Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services FX The authors are grateful to Karen Stratman, Ben Anuforum, Joey Fancher, and Katherine Jordan (University of Florida) for laboratory and field assistance in Central Florida, and to John Mass and Chris Albanese (USDA-ARS) in North Florida. Special thanks is extended to Mr. Buzz Eaves, Ms. Pat Modine, the Micco Landing Management Area, and Mr. John Douglas for providing access to their ranches for the field studies, and their constant support and interest in biological control. In addition, Guillermo Logarzo (USDA-ARS SABCL, Argentina) for his advice in statistical analysis. We also thank the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services for supplying beetles and financial support for the study. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.08.007 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 852DN UT WOS:000297328500006 ER PT J AU Ugine, TA AF Ugine, Todd A. TI The effect of temperature and exposure to Beauveria bassiana on tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris (Heteroptera: Miridae) population dynamics, and the broader implications of treating insects with entomopathogenic fungi over a range of temperatures SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Lygus lineolaris; Age-specific life table; Beauveria bassiana; Temperature; Fecundity ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTA; WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; WILD HOST PLANTS; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; HESPERUS HEMIPTERA; FIELD POPULATIONS; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS; EGG FERTILITY; FECUNDITY; DEUTEROMYCOTINA AB Tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera, Miridae) are a major pest of cotton in most cotton growing regions of the Southern US. Studies were conducted to investigate how temperature and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuilllemin infection impacted L. lineolaris fecundity and longevity, with the goal of determining what temperatures optimized B. bassiana's control potential. B. bassiana-treated adult females and controls were maintained at constant 18 degrees C, 21 degrees C, 25 degrees C, 30 degrees C or 32 degrees C. The number of eggs laid was determined daily until death. B. bassiana caused large reductions in the total number of eggs laid (45-76%) at all temperatures; however, there was no effect of infection on the daily rate of egg production. There was not a sub-lethal effect of infection on egg production on the last full day of life. Intrinsic rates of natural increase and population doubling times were marginally affected by treatment with B. bassiana; doubling times increased with treatment a mean of 3.5 days (range 0.5-7.7 days). There was a temperature dependent trend in the length of the preoviposition period and the days to death after treatment with B. bassiana. As temperature increased from 18 degrees C to 32 degrees C, the number of days to death converged on the preoviposition period. The maximum difference was observed at 18 degrees C (5.3 days different) compared to 30 degrees C and 32 degrees C (0.3 days). These results strongly suggested that treatment of tarnished plant bugs with B. bassiana should be performed when plant bugs are in diapause or when temperatures are cool to minimize reproduction during the disease incubation period. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ugine, Todd A.] USDA ARS SIMRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Ugine, TA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Comstock Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM tau2@cornell.edu NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 373 EP 383 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.08.004 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 852DN UT WOS:000297328500009 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Pimenta, RS Jurick, WM AF Janisiewicz, W. J. Pimenta, R. S. Jurick, W. M., II TI A novel method for selecting antagonists against postharvest fruit decays originating from latent infections SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Postharvest diseases; Appressoria; Brown rot ID MONILINIA-FRUCTICOLA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BLUE MOLD; COLLETOTRICHUM-GLOEOSPORIOIDES; RICE BLAST; BROWN-ROT; APPRESSORIA; DISEASES; APPLES; FUNGUS AB Biological control of fruit decays originating from wound infections after harvest has made great progress during the past two decades and several products are commercially available. However, this is not the case for postharvest decays originating from latent infections which occur in the orchard. This is mainly due to the lack of methodology used to screen and evaluate microbes for biocontrol activity against this type infection. We hypothesized that biological control of latent infections occurs in nature on fruit and that microorganisms involved could be isolated from the fruit and used for control of this type of infection after harvest. We found that direct interactions between the pathogen structure involved in latent infection (appressorium) and the test microorganism can be studied in vitro and then tested in situ on fruit. Appressoria of the brown rot pathogen, Monilinia fructicola, were produced on parafilm or wax membranes after depositing drops containing conidia in a 0.25 mM sucrose solution containing 10 mM cAMP and incubating at 18 degrees C for 16 h. This was followed by the addition of the test organism, additional incubation at 24 degrees C for 72 h, and microscopic observations. Microorganisms colonizing appressoria and mycelium were further tested for biocontrol activity on fruit containing latent infections induced artificially under laboratory conditions. Among 904 microorganisms tested, using this approach, we found several effective antagonists against brown rot originating from latent infections on stone fruits. The next step is to select those antagonists that are best adapted to conditions occurring during storage and handling of the fruit. This approach may also be adapted to develop biocontrol of latent infections in other fruit/pathogen systems. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Janisiewicz, W. J.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Pimenta, R. S.] UFT, Palmas, TO, Brazil. [Jurick, W. M., II] USDA ARS, Food Qual Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Janisiewicz, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM wojciech.janisiewicz@ars.usda.gov RI Pimenta, Raphael/D-9195-2013 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 26 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD DEC PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 384 EP 389 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.07.015 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 852DN UT WOS:000297328500010 ER PT J AU Mittapalli, O Rivera-Vega, L Bhandary, B Bautista, MA Mamidala, P Michel, AP Shukle, RH Mian, MAR AF Mittapalli, O. Rivera-Vega, L. Bhandary, B. Bautista, M. A. Mamidala, P. Michel, A. P. Shukle, R. H. Mian, M. A. R. TI Cloning and characterization of mariner-like elements in the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Agmar1; Agmar 2; mariner-like element; soybean aphid; transposable element ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; RESISTANCE; GENOME; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; INSECTS; ARTHROPODS AB Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is currently the most important insect pest of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in the United States and causes significant economic damage worldwide, but little is known about the aphid at the molecular level. Mariner-like transposable elements (MLEs) are ubiquitous within the genomes of arthropods and various other invertebrates. In this study, we report the cloning of MLEs from the soybean aphid genome using degenerate PCR primers designed to amplify conserved regions of mariner transposases. Two of the ten sequenced clones (designated as Agmar1 and Agmar2) contained partial but continuous open reading frames, which shared high levels of homology at the protein level with other mariner transposases from insects and other taxa. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Agmar1 to group within the irritans subfamily of MLEs and Agmar2 within the mellifera subfamily. Southern blot analysis and quantitative PCR analysis indicated a low copy number for Agmar1-like elements within the soybean aphid genome. These results suggest the presence of at least two different putative mariner-like transposases encoded by the soybean aphid genome. Both Agmar1 and Agmar2 could play influential roles in the architecture of the soybean aphid genome. Transposable elements are also thought to potentially mediate resistance in insects through changes in gene amplification and mutations in coding sequences. Finally, Agmar1 and Agmar2 may represent useful genetic tools and provide insights on A. glycines adaptation. C1 [Mittapalli, O.; Rivera-Vega, L.; Bhandary, B.; Bautista, M. A.; Mamidala, P.; Michel, A. P.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Shukle, R. H.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Shukle, R. H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Mian, M. A. R.] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Mittapalli, O (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mittapalli.1@osu.edu RI Michel, Andrew/B-5329-2012 FU State and Federal funds; Ohio State University; Ohio Soybean Council [OSC 08-2-08] FX We thank Dr Esther van der Knaap's laboratory for help with Southern blot analysis. Help with sequencing at the Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center (MCIC, Wooster, OH) is much appreciated. We also thank Dr Curt Hill (University of Illinois) for sending the Illinois biotype aphids. The authors appreciate the comments/suggestions provided by the reviewers. Funding for this project was provided by State and Federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC, Wooster, OH), The Ohio State University and by the Ohio Soybean Council (OSC 08-2-08). NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-4853 EI 1475-2670 J9 B ENTOMOL RES JI Bull. Entomol. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 BP 697 EP 704 DI 10.1017/S0007485311000253 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 851NO UT WOS:000297278000008 PM 21729396 ER PT J AU Boyer, K Hill, D Mui, E Wroblewski, K Karrison, T Dubey, JP Sautter, M Noble, AG Withers, S Swisher, C Heydemann, P Hosten, T Babiarz, J Lee, D Meier, P McLeod, R AF Boyer, Kenneth Hill, Dolores Mui, Ernest Wroblewski, Kristen Karrison, Theodore Dubey, J. P. Sautter, Mari Noble, A. Gwendolyn Withers, Shawn Swisher, Charles Heydemann, Peter Hosten, Tiffany Babiarz, Jane Lee, Daniel Meier, Paul McLeod, Rima CA Toxoplasmosis Study Grp TI Unrecognized Ingestion of Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts Leads to Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Causes Epidemics in North America SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS; EPIGENETIC FACTORS; TREATED INFANTS; EYE LESIONS; CHILDREN; MANIFESTATIONS; STRATEGIES; INFECTION AB Background. Congenital toxoplasmosis presents as severe, life-altering disease in North America. If mothers of infants with congenital toxoplasmosis could be identified by risks, it would provide strong support for educating pregnant women about risks, to eliminate this disease. Conversely, if not all risks are identifiable, undetectable risks are suggested. A new test detecting antibodies to sporozoites demonstrated that oocysts were the predominant source of Toxoplasma gondii infection in 4 North American epidemics and in mothers of children in the National Collaborative Chicago-based Congenital Toxoplasmosis Study (NCCCTS). This novel test offered the opportunity to determine whether risk factors or demographic characteristics could identify mothers infected with oocysts. Methods. Acutely infected mothers and their congenitally infected infants were evaluated, including in-person interviews concerning risks and evaluation of perinatal maternal serum samples. Results. Fifty-nine (78%) of 76 mothers of congenitally infected infants in NCCCTS had primary infection with oocysts. Only 49% of these mothers identified significant risk factors for sporozoite acquisition. Socioeconomic status, hometown size, maternal clinical presentations, and ethnicity were not reliable predictors. Conclusions. Undetected contamination of food and water by oocysts frequently causes human infections in North America. Risks are often unrecognized by those infected. Demographic characteristics did not identify oocyst infections. Thus, although education programs describing hygienic measures may be beneficial, they will not suffice to prevent the suffering and economic consequences associated with congenital toxoplasmosis. Only a vaccine or implementation of systematic serologic testing of pregnant women and newborns, followed by treatment, will prevent most congenital toxoplasmosis in North America. C1 [McLeod, Rima] Univ Chicago, Toxoplasmosis Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Boyer, Kenneth; Heydemann, Peter] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Boyer, Kenneth] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Hill, Dolores; Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Wroblewski, Kristen; Karrison, Theodore; Withers, Shawn] Univ Chicago, Dept Hlth Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Noble, A. Gwendolyn] Childrens Mem Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Westchester, IL USA. [Swisher, Charles] Childrens Mem Hosp, Div Pediat Neurol, Westchester, IL USA. [Heydemann, Peter] Rush Univ, Dept Neurol, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Meier, Paul] Columbia Univ, Dept Biostat, New York, NY USA. [McLeod, Rima] Univ Chicago, Div Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [McLeod, Rima] Michael Reese Hosp & Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP McLeod, R (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Toxoplasmosis Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM rmcleod@midway.uchicago.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01AI027530]; Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation; Stanley Foundation; Medical Research Institute [07R-1890]; United States Department of Agriculture, ARS; Blackmon; Brennan; Cornwell; Cussen; Dougiello; Jackson; Kapnick; Kiewiet; Koshland; Langel; Lipskar; Mann; Morel; Rooney-Alden; Rosenstein; Samuel; Taub families FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI027530 to R. M.); the Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation, the Stanley Foundation and Medical Research Institute (07R-1890 to R. M.), the United States Department of Agriculture, ARS (to D. H.); and gifts from the Blackmon, Brennan, Cornwell, Cussen, Dougiello, Jackson, Kapnick, Kiewiet, Koshland, Langel, Lipskar, Mann, Morel, Rooney-Alden, Rosenstein, Samuel, and Taub families. The funding source and study sponsors had no involvement in the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the report; or the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 32 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 11 BP 1081 EP 1089 DI 10.1093/cid/cir667 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 851OH UT WOS:000297279900009 PM 22021924 ER PT J AU He, HS Shifley, SR Thompson, FR AF He, Hong S. Shifley, Stephen R. Thompson, Frank R., III TI Overview of Contemporary Issues of Forest Research and Management in China SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest ecosystem service; Forest certification; Forest pest management; Forest inventory database; Forest management history; Forest fire modeling AB With 207 million ha of forest covering 22% of its land area, China ranks fifth in the world in forest area. Rapid economic growth, climate change, and forest disturbances pose new, complex challenges for forest research and management. Progress in meeting these challenges is relevant beyond China, because China's forests represent 34% of Asia's forests and 5% of the worlds' forests. To provide a broader understanding of these management challenges and of research and policies that address them, we organized this special issue on contemporary forest research and management issues in China. At the national level, papers review major forest types and the evolution of sustainable forestry, the development of China's forest-certification efforts, the establishment of a forest inventory system, and achievements and challenges in insect pest control in China. Papers focused on Northern China address historical, social, and political factors that have shaped the region's forests; the use of forest landscape models to assess how forest management can achieve multiple objectives; and analysis and modeling of fuels and fire behavior. Papers addressing Central and South China describe the "Grain for Green" program, which converts low productivity cropland to grassland and woodland to address erosion and soil carbon sequestration; the potential effects of climate change on CO(2) efflux and soil respiration; and relationships between climate and net primary productivity. China shares many forest management and research issues with other countries, but in other cases China's capacity to respond to forest management challenges is unique and bears watching by the rest of the world. C1 [He, Hong S.] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [He, Hong S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. [Shifley, Stephen R.; Thompson, Frank R., III] USDA, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP He, HS (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM heh@missouri.edu OI He, Hong S./0000-0002-3983-2512 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [2011CB403206, 41071120]; United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX We thank all contributors who helped organizing this special issue. We thank Virginia Dale for the support of publishing this special issue. We also thank anonymous reviewer who improved the clarity of this paper. Funding was provided by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2011CB403206, 41071120) and United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 48 IS 6 SI SI BP 1061 EP 1065 DI 10.1007/s00267-011-9782-5 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 852OI UT WOS:000297366900001 PM 22075940 ER PT J AU Guldin, JM AF Guldin, James M. TI Experience with the selection method in pine stands in the southern United States, with implications for future application SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID UNEVEN-AGED SILVICULTURE; FOREST MANAGEMENT; PLANTATION SILVICULTURE; SHORTLEAF PINES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ARKANSAS; HISTORY AB The selection method applied in shade-intolerant pine stands in the southern United States has been shown to be an effective method of uneven-aged silviculture, but it is becoming less frequently practiced for a variety of reasons. Economically, the high value of standing timber puts fully stocked uneven-aged pine stands at risk of liquidation if the timberland is sold. This is increasingly common on private lands in the southern United States, where forest industry landowners have been selling timberlands over the past two decades to timber investment management organizations and real estate investment trusts. Ecologically, the benefits of open woodland habitat restoration in southern pines are being optimized by use of prescribed burning, which is much more adaptable to even-aged silvicultural systems such as the shelterwood method than it is to the selection method. But uneven-aged silviculture will be important in the twenty-first century; its values centre around the ability of uneven-aged stands to resist and especially to recover from exogenous disturbance events, as well as the opportunity for frequent establishment of new regeneration cohorts under changing climatic conditions. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. RP Guldin, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, POB 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. EM jguldin@fs.fed.us FU United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD DEC PY 2011 VL 84 IS 5 BP 539 EP 546 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpr035 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 851AY UT WOS:000297241900008 ER PT J AU Nachappa, P Margolies, DC Nechols, JR Campbell, JF AF Nachappa, Punya Margolies, David C. Nechols, James R. Campbell, James F. TI Variation in predator foraging behaviour changes predator-prey spatio-temporal dynamics SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE foraging behaviours; genetic variation; population dynamics; predator-prey ratios; predatory mite; SADIE; twospotted spider mite ID PHYTOSEIULUS-PERSIMILIS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; TETRANYCHUS-URTICAE; COUNT DATA; SYSTEM; DISPERSAL; MITES; STABILITY AB 1. Foraging underlies the ability of all animals to acquire essential resources and thus provides a critical link to understand population dynamics. A key issue is how variation in foraging behaviour affects foraging efficiency and predatorprey interactions in spatially heterogeneous environments. However, there is very little quantitative information available on this topic. 2. We evaluated the impact of variation in predator foraging on population dynamics of the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis, and its prey, the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in a heterogeneous environment. 3. Through artificial selection, we generated predator lines with high levels of prey consumption, conversion efficiency or dispersal, which were otherwise similar in foraging and life history. With these lines, we experimentally compared the effect of these traits on temporal and spatial patterns of predators and prey. 4. We initiated the experiments in a 24-plant landscape, which contained two discrete prey patches (i.e. prey-infested plants) under two initial predator-prey population ratios (1 : 10 and 1 : 30). Predators were introduced into one of the prey patches and were left to forage for 24 days. 5. Predator population growth was similar among the three selected lines, but the high conversion efficiency line produced the most predators and had the highest predator-prey ratio, and the high consumption and high dispersal lines were intermediate. The unselected line showed the least predator growth and lowest predator-prey ratio throughout the experiment. 6. Initial predator-prey ratio did not affect the impact of the selected lines on prey population growth at the high (1 : 10) ratio. However, at the low predator-prey ratio (1 : 30), the unselected line had a much greater prey numbers than the selected lines. 7. Predators and prey were each individually aggregated, but the high conversion efficiency and high dispersal lines showed stronger spatial association and correlation with prey, while the high consumption line was less closely associated or correlated with the prey. 8. These results indicate that there may be multiple, equally effective strategies by which predators exploit prey in patchy landscapes, but suggest that the long-term dynamics may not be stable under all of these strategies. C1 [Nachappa, Punya; Margolies, David C.; Nechols, James R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Campbell, James F.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Margolies, DC (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM dmargoli@k-state.edu RI Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 FU Punya Nachappa FX We thank Xiaoli Wu, Nick Timmons and Yiwen Jia for helping with mite counts and maintenance of mite colonies. We thank Dr. Greg Zolnerowich for the picture of the predatory mite. We also acknowledge Dr. Kimberly With and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript and Dr. John Boyer for help with statistical analyses. The Don C. Warren Genetic Scholarship provided funding for Punya Nachappa. This is contribution No. 11-264-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by Kansas State University or the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1309 EP 1317 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01892.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849WQ UT WOS:000297156500019 ER PT J AU Lindner, DL Vasaitis, R Kubartova, A Allmer, J Johannesson, H Banik, MT Stenlid, J AF Lindner, Daniel L. Vasaitis, Rimvydas Kubartova, Ariana Allmer, Johan Johannesson, Hanna Banik, Mark T. Stenlid, Jan TI Initial fungal colonizer affects mass loss and fungal community development in Picea abies logs 6 yr after inoculation SO FUNGAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Basidiomycota; Biodiversity; Decomposition; DNA; Environmental sampling; Fungal succession; Fungi; Wood decay ID WOOD-INHABITING FUNGI; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; SPATIAL SCALE; NORWAY SPRUCE; FORESTS; BIODIVERSITY; DEBRIS AB Picea abies logs were inoculated with Resinicium bicolor, Fomitopsis pinicola or left un-inoculated and placed in an old-growth boreal forest. Mass loss and fungal community data were collected after 6 yr to test whether simplification of the fungal community via inoculation affects mass loss and fungal community development. Three techniques were used to survey communities: (1) observation of fruiting structures; (2) culturing on media; and (3) cloning and sequencing of ITS rDNA. Fruit body surveys detected the smallest number of species (18, 3.8 per log), DNA-based methods detected the most species (72, 31.7 per log), and culturing detected an intermediate number (23, 7.2 per log). Initial colonizer affected community development and inoculation with F. pinicola led to significantly greater mass loss. Relationships among fungal community composition, community richness and mass loss are complex and further work is needed to determine whether simplification of fungal communities affects carbon sequestration in forests. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and The British Mycological Society. All rights reserved. C1 [Lindner, Daniel L.; Banik, Mark T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Vasaitis, Rimvydas; Kubartova, Ariana; Allmer, Johan; Stenlid, Jan] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Mycol & Pathol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Johannesson, Hanna] Uppsala Univ, Dept Evolutionary Biol, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Lindner, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dlindner@wisc.edu OI Vasaitis, Rimvydas/0000-0001-9349-4625 FU FORMAS; Swedish Energy Agency (STEM) FX We would like to thank Marten Gustafsson and Lillian Holmer for helping with the initial inoculation and placement flogs and Les Paul for helping with log collection. Financial support was provided by FORMAS and the Swedish Energy Agency (STEM). NR 44 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 5 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1754-5048 J9 FUNGAL ECOL JI Fungal Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 4 IS 6 BP 449 EP 460 DI 10.1016/j.funeco.2011.07.001 PG 12 WC Ecology; Mycology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mycology GA 853LK UT WOS:000297427600010 ER PT J AU Mejia, L Zumwalt, CD Kim, EJ Tillman, PB Corzo, A AF Mejia, L. Zumwalt, C. D. Kim, E. J. Tillman, P. B. Corzo, A. TI Digestible isoleucine-to-lysine ratio effects in diets for broilers from 4 to 6 weeks posthatch SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE breast meat yield; ideal protein; isoleucine ID RESPONSES; CHICKENS; REQUIREMENTS; VALINE; AGE AB An experiment was conducted to evaluate the digestible Ile:Lys ratio (%) in finisher (28 to 42 d of age) phase diets fed to broilers, based on live performance and carcass trait responses. A total of 1,248 Ross x Ross 708 male broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 8 dietary treatments varying in digestible Ile: Lys ratios. A feed made exclusively with conventional ingredients served as a positive control. Digestible Ile: Lys ratios ranged from 57.8 to 74.4% with increments of approximately 2.8 percentage points, and a positive control was formulated to have a ratio of 67%. Step-wise regression analysis did not allow for the calculation of an optimal digestible Ile: Lys ratio for any of the parameters evaluated; thus, means separation was used to analyze treatment effects. No significant differences were observed among treatments for BW gain. However, feed conversion and feed intake were significantly lower for the control diet, which had a considerably higher CP level. An irregular response was observed for feed intake that was due to the dietary Ile: Lys ratio; however, we conclude that feed conversion improved when the ratio approximated 68.9%. No effect was observed for carcass weight or yield among dietary treatments. The digestible Ile: Lys ratio did not affect breast meat weight, but differences were observed in breast meat yield. The diet with a digestible Ile: Lys ratio of 71.7% resulted in improved breast meat yield and was observed to be similar to the control, despite the difference in CP. We conclude that a digestible Ile: Lys ratio of 68.9% was adequate for live performance, but a slightly higher ratio may be required for breast meat yield optimization (71.7%). C1 [Mejia, L.; Zumwalt, C. D.; Corzo, A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Kim, E. J.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Tillman, P. B.] Poultry Tech Nutr Serv LLC, Buford, GA 30518 USA. RP Corzo, A (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM acorzo@poultry.msstate.edu FU [MIS-322220] FX This is journal article number J11884 from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (Mississippi State), supported by MIS-322220. Use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station or USDA of the products, or of similar ones not mentioned. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 20 IS 4 BP 485 EP 490 DI 10.3382/japr.2010-00273 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 851ZX UT WOS:000297312500009 ER PT J AU Berrang, ME Hofacre, CL Meinersmann, RJ AF Berrang, M. E. Hofacre, C. L. Meinersmann, R. J. TI Forced hot air to dry feces and kill bacteria on transport cage flooring SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE broiler transport; cage washing; Campylobacter ID BROILER-CHICKENS; WATER SPRAY; CAMPYLOBACTER; CONTAMINATION; SALMONELLA; DECONTAMINATION; TRANSMISSION; CARCASSES; RECOVERY; NUMBERS AB Because of fecal shedding from Campylobacter-positive birds, broiler transport cages can be contaminated with Campylobacter, leading to cross-contamination of previously Campylobacter-negative broilers during live haul. Earlier work has shown that drying soiled or washed cages for 24 to 48 h can lower or even eliminate detectable Campylobacter on cage flooring. Because extended drying times are impractical, we tested the use of hot flowing air to speed the process. To determine if the effect was due to heat alone or flowing air alone, hot flowing air was compared with unheated flowing air and static hot air as well as with a benchtop control. The numbers of Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and coliforms on small squares of washed or unwashed fecally soiled transport cage flooring were measured after drying treatments. When applied after a water spray wash treatment, flowing air at approximately 50 degrees C for 15 min lowered the numbers of Campylobacter to an undetectable level. This represents a tremendous savings in drying time and suggests a potential commercial application. Static heat at similar temperatures was not nearly as effective, and unheated flowing air was moderately effective, but less so than hot air. Processors may be able to use a forced hot air treatment to dry cages between flocks, lessening the number of Campylobacter on cage flooring, thereby decreasing the potential for cross-contamination during live haul. C1 [Berrang, M. E.; Meinersmann, R. J.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hofacre, C. L.] Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mark.berrang@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 20 IS 4 BP 567 EP 572 DI 10.3382/japr.2011-00391 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 851ZX UT WOS:000297312500018 ER PT J AU Cahan, SH Graves, CJ Brent, CS AF Cahan, Sara Helms Graves, Christopher J. Brent, Colin S. TI Intergenerational effect of juvenile hormone on offspring in Pogonomyrmex harvester ants SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Juvenile hormone; Social insect; Caste; Ecdysteroids; Harvester ant; Maternal effect ID PALLIDULA NYL HYMENOPTERA; GENETIC CASTE DETERMINATION; DIVISION-OF-LABOR; LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; PHEIDOLE-PALLIDULA; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; WORKER SIZE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; SOCIAL INSECT; JH-TREATMENT AB Parents can influence the phenotypes of their offspring via a number of mechanisms. In harvester ants, whether female progeny develop into workers or daughter queens is strongly influenced by the age and temperature conditions experienced by their mother, which is associated with variation in maternal ecdysteroid deposition in fertilized eggs. In many insects, juvenile hormone (JH) is antagonistic to ecdysteroid release, suggesting that seasonal and age-based variation in maternal JH titers may explain maternal effects on offspring size and reproductive caste. To test this hypothesis, we artificially increased maternal JH titers with methoprene, a JH analog, in laboratory colonies of two Pogonomyrmex populations exhibiting genetic caste determination. Increasing maternal JH resulted in a 50% increase in worker body size, as well as a sharp reduction in total number of progeny reared, but did not alter the genotype of progeny reared to adulthood. The intergenerational effect of JH manipulation was not mediated by a reduction in ecdysteroid deposition into eggs; instead, changes in egg size, trophic egg availability or brood/worker ratio may have altered the nutritional environment of developing larvae. Egg ecdysteroid content was significantly negatively correlated with natural variation in worker body size, however, suggesting that there are multiple independent routes by which queens can modify offspring phenotypes. C1 [Cahan, Sara Helms; Graves, Christopher J.] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Brent, Colin S.] USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Cahan, SH (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM scahan@uvm.edu OI Brent, Colin/0000-0003-2078-1417 FU Beta Beta Beta National Biology Honors Society; University of Vermont FX We would like to acknowledge the help of Todd Clason for providing access and training in microscopy techniques, and Matthew Rand for sharing techniques to distinguish trophic eggs. This work was funded by research grants awarded to C.J. Graves from the Beta Beta Beta National Biology Honors Society and from the HELiX (Hughes Endeavor for Life Science Excellence) program at the University of Vermont. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 30 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0174-1578 EI 1432-136X J9 J COMP PHYSIOL B JI J. Comp. Physiol. B-Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 181 IS 8 BP 991 EP 999 DI 10.1007/s00360-011-0587-x PG 9 WC Physiology; Zoology SC Physiology; Zoology GA 851EG UT WOS:000297250600001 PM 21618034 ER PT J AU Balasa, A Sanchez-Valle, A Sadikovic, B Sangi-Haghpeykar, H Bravo, J Chen, L Liu, W Wen, S Fiorotto, ML Van den Veyver, IB AF Balasa, Alfred Sanchez-Valle, Amarilis Sadikovic, Bekim Sangi-Haghpeykar, Haleh Bravo, Jaclyn Chen, Liang Liu, Wei Wen, Shu Fiorotto, Marta L. Van den Veyver, Ignatia B. TI Chronic Maternal Protein Deprivation in Mice Is Associated with Overexpression of the Cohesin-Mediator Complex in Liver of Their Offspring SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CCCTC-BINDING FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; DNA METHYLATION; LATER LIFE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; RATS; NUTRITION; RESTRICTION; LEADS; DIET AB Epigenetic mechanisms may play an important role in the developmental programming of adult-onset chronic metabolic diseases resulting from suboptimal fetal nutrition, but the exact molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Given the central role of the liver in metabolic regulation, we investigated whether chronic maternal dietary protein restriction has long-term effects on liver gene expression in the offspring. We fed adult C57BL/6J dams ad libitum an 8% maternal low-protein (MLP) or 20% protein control diet (C) from 4 wk prior to mating until the end of lactation. Male pups were weaned to standard nonpurified diet and singly housed at 21 d of age (d 21). Body weights were followed to 1 y of age (1 y). At d 21 and 1 y, organs were quantitatively dissected and analyzed. MLP offspring had significantly lower body weights at all ages and significantly lower serum activity of alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase at 1 y. Gene expression profiling of liver at 1 y showed 521 overexpressed and 236 underexpressed genes in MLP compared to C offspring. The most important novel finding was the overexpression of genes found in liver that participate in organization and maintenance of higher order chromatin architecture and regulation of transcriptional activation. These included members of the cohesin-mediator complex, which regulate gene expression by forming DNA loops between promoters and enhancers in a cell type-specific fashion. Thus, our findings of increased expression of these factors in liver of MLP offspring implicate a possible novel epigenetic mechanism in developmental programming. J. Nutr. 141: 2106-2112, 2011. C1 [Sanchez-Valle, Amarilis; Sadikovic, Bekim; Bravo, Jaclyn; Van den Veyver, Ignatia B.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Balasa, Alfred; Fiorotto, Marta L.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Van den Veyver, IB (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM iveyver@bcm.edu FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service [6250-51000-055, 6250-51000-054]; NIH National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [AR46308]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [T32GM008307] FX Supported by the USDA/Agricultural Research Service (grant nos. 6250-51000-055 to I.B.V.d.V., AS-V., and A.B. and 6250-51000-054 to M.L.F.), the NIH National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR46308 to M.L.F.), and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008307 to J.B.). NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 141 IS 12 BP 2106 EP 2112 DI 10.3945/jn.111.146597 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852WC UT WOS:000297387200002 PM 22013202 ER PT J AU Gazzaneo, MC Suryawan, A Orellana, RA Torrazza, RM El-Kadi, SW Wilson, FA Kimball, SR Srivastava, N Nguyen, HV Fiorotto, ML Davis, TA AF Gazzaneo, Maria C. Suryawan, Agus Orellana, Renan A. Torrazza, Roberto Murgas El-Kadi, Samer W. Wilson, Fiona A. Kimball, Scot R. Srivastava, Neeraj Nguyen, Hanh V. Fiorotto, Marta L. Davis, Teresa A. TI Intermittent Bolus Feeding Has a Greater Stimulatory Effect on Protein Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle Than Continuous Feeding in Neonatal Pigs SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; AMINO-ACIDS; TRANSLATION INITIATION; POLY(A)-BINDING PROTEIN; MAMMALIAN TARGET; CELL-GROWTH; INSULIN; ACTIVATION; MTOR; COMPONENTS AB Orogastric tube feeding, using either continuous or intermittent bolus delivery, is common in infants for whom normal feeding is contraindicated. To compare the impact of different feeding strategies on muscle protein synthesis, after withholding food overnight, neonatal pigs received a complete formula orally as a bolus feed every 4 h or were continuously fed. Protein synthesis rate and translational mechanisms in skeletal muscle were examined after 0, 24, and 25.5 h. Plasma amino acid and insulin concentrations increased minimally and remained constant in continuously fed compared to feed-deprived pigs; however, the pulsatile meal feeding pattern was mimicked in bolus-fed pigs. Muscle protein synthesis was stimulated by feeding and the greatest response occurred after a bolus meal. Bolus but not continuous feeds increased polysome aggregation, the phosphorylation of protein kinase B, tuberous sclerosis complex 2, proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa, eukaryotic initiation factor (elF) 4E binding protein (4EBP1), and rp S6 kinase and enhanced dissociation of the 4EBP1 elF4E complex and formation of the elF4E. elF4G complex compared to feed deprivation (P < 0.051. Activation of insulin receptor substrate-1, regulatory associated protein of mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP-activated protein kinase, eukaryotic elongation factor 2, and elF2 alpha phosphorylation were unaffected by either feeding modality. These results suggest that in neonates, intermittent bolus feeding enhances muscle protein synthesis to a greater extent than continuous feeding by eliciting a pulsatile pattern of amino acid- and insulin-induced translation initiation. J. Nutr. 141: 2152-2158, 2011. C1 [Gazzaneo, Maria C.; Suryawan, Agus; Orellana, Renan A.; Torrazza, Roberto Murgas; El-Kadi, Samer W.; Wilson, Fiona A.; Srivastava, Neeraj; Nguyen, Hanh V.; Fiorotto, Marta L.; Davis, Teresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kimball, Scot R.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Hershey, PA USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.edu FU NIH [AR-44474, T32-HL007937]; USDA/ARS [6250-510000-055] FX Supported in part by NIH grant AR-44474 (T.A.D.) and by the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement 6250-510000-055 (T.A.D.). This research also was supported in part by NIH Training Grant T32-HL007937. This work is a publication of the USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the USDA, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 141 IS 12 BP 2152 EP 2158 DI 10.3945/jn.111.147520 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852WC UT WOS:000297387200009 PM 22013195 ER PT J AU Thomson, JL Tussing-Humphreys, LM Onufrak, SJ Zoellner, JM Connell, CL Bogle, ML Yadrick, K AF Thomson, Jessica L. Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M. Onufrak, Stephen J. Zoellner, Jamie M. Connell, Carol L. Bogle, Margaret L. Yadrick, Kathy TI A Simulation Study of the Potential Effects of Healthy Food and Beverage Substitutions on Diet Quality and Total Energy Intake in Lower Mississippi Delta Adults SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID EATING INDEX-2005; COLORECTAL-CANCER; OLDER-ADULTS; RECOMMENDATIONS; GUIDELINES; PATTERNS; WEIGHT; RECALL; SOUTH; RISK AB The majority of adult diets in the United States, particularly the South, are of poor quality, putting these individuals at increased risk for chronic diseases. In this study, simulation modeling was used to determine the effects of substituting familiar, more healthful foods and beverages for less healthy ones on diet quality and total energy intake in Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) adults. Dietary data collected in 2000 for 1689 LMD adults who participated in the Foods of Our Delta Study were analyzed. The Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HE vertical bar-2005) was used to measure diet quality. The effects of substituting targeted foods and beverages with more healthful items on diet quality were simulated by replacing the targeted items' nutrient profile with their replacements' profile. For the single food and beverage groups, 100% replacement of grain desserts with juice-packed fruit cocktail and sugar-sweetened beverages with water resulted in the largest improvements in diet quality (4.0 and 3.8 points, respectively) and greatest decreases in total energy intake (98 and 215 kcal/d, respectively). The 100% substitution of all food and beverage groups combined resulted in a 12.0-point increase in HE vertical bar-2005 score and a decrease of 785 kcal/d in total energy intake. Community interventions designed to improve the diet of LMD adults through the use of familiar, healthy food and beverage substitutions have the potential to improve diet quality and decrease energy intake of this health disparate population. J. Nutr. 141: 2191-2197, 2011. C1 [Thomson, Jessica L.; Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Onufrak, Stephen J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zoellner, Jamie M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Human Nutr Foods & Exercise, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Connell, Carol L.; Yadrick, Kathy] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Nutr & Food Syst, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Bogle, Margaret L.] ARS, USDA, Delta Obes Prevent Res Unit, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Thomson, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. EM jessica.thomson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [6251-53000-004-00D, 6401-53000-001-00D] FX Supported in part by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Projects 6251-53000-004-00D and 6401-53000-001-00D. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. The responsibility for all presented material rests exclusively with the authors. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 141 IS 12 BP 2191 EP 2197 DI 10.3945/jn.111.144659 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852WC UT WOS:000297387200015 PM 22031664 ER PT J AU Corella, D Arnett, DK Tucker, KL Kabagambe, EK Tsai, M Parnell, LD Lai, CQ Lee, YC Warodomwichit, D Hopkins, PN Ordovas, JM AF Corella, Dolores Arnett, Donna K. Tucker, Katherine L. Kabagambe, Edmond K. Tsai, Michael Parnell, Laurence D. Lai, Chao-Qiang Lee, Yu-Chi Warodomwichit, Daruneewan Hopkins, Paul N. Ordovas, Jose M. TI A High Intake of Saturated Fatty Acids Strengthens the Association between the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene and BMI SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; FTO RS9939609 POLYMORPHISM; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BODY-MASS; ENERGY-INTAKE; VARIANT RS9939609; DIETARY-INTAKE; ADULT OBESITY; PUERTO-RICAN; INDEX AB Evidence that physical activity (PA) modulates the association between the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) and BMI is emerging; however, information about dietary factors modulating this association is scarce. We investigated whether fat and carbohydrate intake modified the association of FTO gene variation with BMI in two populations, including participants in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) study (n = 1069) and in the Boston Puerto Rican Health (BPRHS) study (n = 1094). We assessed energy, nutrient intake, and PA using validated questionnaires. Genetic variability at the FTO locus was characterized by polymorphisms rs9939609 (in the GOLDN) and rs1121980 (in the GOLDN and BPRHS). We found significant interactions between PA and FTO on BMI in the GOLDN but not in the BPRHS. We found a significant interaction between SFA intake and FTO on BMI, which was stronger than that of total fat and was present in both populations (P-interaction = 0.007 in the GOLDN and P-interaction = 0.014 in BPRHS for categorical; and P-interaction = 0.028 in the GOLDN and P-interaction = 0.041 in BPRHS for continuous SFA). Thus, homozygous participants for the FTO-risk allele had a higher mean BMI than the other genotypes only when they had a high-SFA intake (above the population mean: 29.7 +/- 0.7 vs. 28.1 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2); P = 0.037 in the GOLDN and 33.6. +/- 0.8 vs. 31.2 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2); P = 0.006 in BPRHS). No associations with BMI were found at lower SEA intakes. We found no significant interactions with carbohydrate intake. In conclusion, SFA intake modulates the association between FTO and BMI in American populations. J. Nutr. 141: 2219-2225, 2011. C1 [Corella, Dolores; Parnell, Laurence D.; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Lee, Yu-Chi; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Unit, Valencia, Spain. [Corella, Dolores] ISCIII, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid, Spain. [Arnett, Donna K.; Kabagambe, Edmond K.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Arnett, Donna K.; Kabagambe, Edmond K.] Univ Alabama, Clin Nutr Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Tsai, Michael] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Warodomwichit, Daruneewan] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Dept Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Cardiol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Invest, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. RP Corella, D (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM dolores.corella@uv.es RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U 01 HL72524, HL-54776]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK075030]; National Institute on Aging [5P01AG023394-05]; USDA Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; CIBER from the MICINN, Spain [CB06/03/0035, PR2010-0534] FX Supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants U 01 HL72524 and HL-54776, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant DK075030, National Institute on Aging grant no. 5P01AG023394-05, by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the USDA Research Service, and by CIBER CB06/03/0035 and PR2010-0534 from the MICINN. Spain. NR 41 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 141 IS 12 BP 2219 EP 2225 DI 10.3945/jn111.143826 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852WC UT WOS:000297387200019 PM 22049296 ER PT J AU Lawson, WR Jan, CC Shatte, T Smith, L Kong, GA Kochman, JK AF Lawson, W. R. Jan, C. C. Shatte, T. Smith, L. Kong, G. A. Kochman, J. K. TI DNA markers linked to the R-2 rust resistance gene in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) facilitate anticipatory breeding for this disease variant SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Helianthus annuus L.; Sunflower; Rust resistance; Pre-emptive breeding; SSR markers ID ASSISTED SELECTION; PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI; ARBITRARY PRIMERS; COUPLING-PHASE; MAP; POLYMORPHISMS; INHERITANCE; DIVERSITY; AUSTRALIA; REPEAT AB Pre-emptive breeding for host disease resistance is an effective strategy for combating and managing devastating incursions of plant pathogens. Comprehensive, long-term studies have revealed that virulence to the R (2) sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) rust resistance gene in the line MC29 does not exist in the Australian rust (Puccinia helianthi) population. We report in this study the identification of molecular markers linked to this gene. The three simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers ORS795, ORS882, and ORS938 were linked in coupling to the gene, while the SSR marker ORS333 was linked in repulsion. Reliable selection for homozygous-resistant individuals was efficient when the three markers, ORS795, ORS882, and ORS333, were used in combination. Phenotyping for this resistance gene is not possible in Australia without introducing a quarantinable race of the pathogen. Therefore, the availability of reliable and heritable DNA-based markers will enable the efficient deployment of this gene, permitting a more effective strategy for generating sustainable commercial cultivars containing this rust resistance gene. C1 [Lawson, W. R.; Shatte, T.; Smith, L.; Kong, G. A.; Kochman, J. K.] Univ Queensland, Former Cooperat Res Ctr Trop Plant Protect, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Lawson, W. R.; Shatte, T.] Hermitage Res Stn, Dept Employment Econ Dev & Innovat, Warwick, Qld 4370, Australia. [Smith, L.; Kong, G. A.] Dept Employment Econ Dev & Innovat, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Kochman, J. K.] Former Queensland Dept Primary Ind & Fisheries, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Jan, C. C.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Lawson, WR (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Former Cooperat Res Ctr Trop Plant Protect, Level 5,John Hines Bldg, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. EM wendy.lawson@deedi.qld.gov.au FU Grains Research and Development Corporation; Queensland Government FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of the Grains Research and Development Corporation, the former Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Pathology, and the Queensland Government. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 28 IS 4 BP 569 EP 576 DI 10.1007/s11032-010-9506-1 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 850DC UT WOS:000297173800013 ER PT J AU Pataky, JK Williams, MM Headrick, JM Nankam, C du Toit, LJ Michener, PM AF Pataky, Jerald K. Williams, Martin M., II Headrick, John M. Nankam, Claude du Toit, Lindsey J. Michener, Phillip M. TI Observations from a Quarter Century of Evaluating Reactions of Sweet Corn Hybrids in Disease Nurseries SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID DWARF-MOSAIC-VIRUS; CYTOCHROME P450-METABOLIZED HERBICIDES; SEED TREATMENT INSECTICIDES; COMMON GENETIC-BASIS; CROSS-SENSITIVITY; STEWARTS WILT; APPLIED POSTEMERGENCE; PUCCINIA-SORGHI; USTILAGO-MAYDIS; ERWINIA-STEWARTII C1 [Pataky, Jerald K.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Williams, Martin M., II] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Headrick, John M.] Monsanto Co, Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Large Seeded Vegetable Crops, St Louis, MO USA. [du Toit, Lindsey J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Mt Vernon, IA USA. [Michener, Phillip M.] Terral Seeds, Corn Breeder & Prod Dev, Greenville, MS USA. RP Pataky, JK (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM j-pataky@illinois.edu FU Midwest Food Processors Association FX The University of Illinois sweet corn disease nursery has been supported financially and with gills-in-kind by nearly every participating company in the sweet corn seed and food processing industries (Table 1). Grants from the Midwest Food Processors Association have supported the nursery since 1988. The number of people who have assisted with clay-to-day operations is too numerous to mention, but their hard work has been appreciated greatly. The following people (listed chronologically) have co-authored annual nursery reports: Snook Pataky, John Headrick, Suparyono, John Gantz, Payam Fallah, Annette Meyer, Claude Nankam, Mike Kerns, Lindsey du Toit, Phil Michener, Noah Freeman, Molly Pate, Mirian Gonzalez, Andrea Campana, Mohammad Babadoost, Loyd Wax, Christy Sprague, Tatjana Ledencan, Jon Nordby, Mark Bogner, Clint Mapel, Marty Williams, Ryan Hasty, John Frihauf, Valdimir Castenada, Alicia Chavez, Mike Meyer, Bryan Warsaw, and Jim Moody. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1492 EP 1506 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-11-0236 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000001 ER PT J AU Fuentes-Bueno, I Price, JA Rush, CM Seifers, DL Fellers, JP AF Fuentes-Bueno, Irazema Price, Jacob A. Rush, Charles M. Seifers, Dallas L. Fellers, John P. TI Triticum mosaic virus Isolates in the Southern Great Plains SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FAMILY POTYVIRIDAE; CURL MITE; WHEAT; VARIABILITY; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATIONS; SEQUENCE; KANSAS; VECTOR; PLANTS AB Fuentes-Bueno, I., Price, J. A., Rush, C. M., Seifers, D. L., and Fellers, J. P.2011. Triticum mosaic virus isolates in the southern Great Plains. Plant Dis. 95:1516-1519. In 2006, a previously unknown wheat (Triticum aestivum) virus was discovered in Western Kansas and given the name Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV). TriMV has since been found in wheat samples isolated all across the Great Plains. Even though it can infect singularly, TriMV is mostly found with Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) as a co-infection. The potential for TriMV to cause economic loss is significant, but very little is known about the virus. The objective of this study was to survey the TriMV population for genetic variation by nucleotide sequencing of isolates across a geographical region. A secondary objective was to characterize the WSMV isolates that are being co-transmitted with TriMV. Fourteen different TriMV isolations were taken from locations in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas, and the coat protein cDNA was sequenced. Thirteen nucleotide differences were found in the TriMV isolates, of which three induce amino acid changes. WSMV isolates had 65 nucleotide changes when compared to WSMV Sydney81. Our results indicate the TriMV virus population has minimal amounts of sequence variation and no singular WSMV genotype is specifically associated with TriMV co-infection. Based on the isolates analyzed, it appears that the field population of TriMV is very homogeneous. C1 [Fuentes-Bueno, Irazema; Fellers, John P.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Price, Jacob A.; Rush, Charles M.] Texas AgriLife Res, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Seifers, Dallas L.] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. RP Fellers, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM john.fellers@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5430-21000-006-00D]; Great Plains Diagnostic Network; Texas Agri Life Cropping Systems Research Initiative FX We thank Drs. Dorith Rotenberg and Anna Whitfield for their comments in the preparation of this manuscript. This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS 5430-21000-006-00D, funding from the Great Plains Diagnostic Network, and the Texas Agri Life Cropping Systems Research Initiative. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1516 EP 1519 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-11-0281 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000003 ER PT J AU Carson, ML AF Carson, M. L. TI Virulence in Oat Crown Rust (Puccinia coronata f. sp avenae) in the United States from 2006 through 2009 SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CULTIVATED OAT; RESISTANCE; ASSOCIATIONS; POPULATIONS; FREQUENCIES AB Carson, M. L. 2011. Virulence in oat crown rust (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) in the United States from 2006 through 2009. Plant Dis. 95:1528-1534. The use of race-specific seedling genes for resistance is the primary means of controlling crown rust of oat (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) in the United States. To better utilize those resistance genes, knowledge of the occurrence and frequency of corresponding virulence in the population of P coronata f. sp. avenae in the United States is essential. In total, 571 single-pustule isolates of oat crown rust were collected from cultivated and wild oat (Avena saliva and A. fatua, respectively) in the major oat production areas of the United States from 2006 through 2009. They were tested for virulence on seedlings of 31 differential oat lines in the greenhouse. In all, 201 races were found among the 357 isolates from the spring oat region of the north-central United States, and 140 races were found among 214 isolates from the southern winter oat region. The crown rust populations from the winter and spring oat regions were clearly differentiated from one another, differing in the frequency of virulence for 24 of the 31 differentials. Some virulence associations previously reported in the U.S. oat crown rust population were also found in both regions in this survey, even when the dataset was clone corrected. Associations between virulence to the Pc genes were predominately positive in both regions but both positive and negative associations occurred more frequently in the winter oat region, where sexual reproduction does not occur. Some of the virulence diversity in the oat crown rust population in the United States can be related to the deployment of resistance genes in commercial oat cultivars and virulence associations existing in the oat crown rust population. When data from a previous report covering 2001 through 2005 is combined with data reported in this article, the mean virulence of the U.S. populations of crown rust continued to increase from 2001 to 2009. Virulence to Pc38, Pc39, Pc45, Pc48, Pc52, Pc55, Pc56, Pc57, Pc59, Pc62, Pc63, Pc64, Pc68, and Pc96 significantly increased in one or both regions during this time period. No significant declines in virulence frequency were found in either region. Genes for crown rust resistance derived from A. sterilis appear to be as rapidly defeated as has happened to Pc genes from A. saliva. There is an urgent need to find additional sources of effective resistance to P coronata f. sp. avenae and introgress it into adapted oat cultivars. C1 ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Carson, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mcarson@umn.edu NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1528 EP 1534 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-10-0639 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000005 ER PT J AU Beirn, LA Moy, M Meyer, WA Clarke, BB Crouch, JA AF Beirn, Lisa A. Moy, Melinda Meyer, William A. Clarke, Bruce B. Crouch, Jo Anne TI Molecular Analysis of Turfgrass Rusts Reveals the Widespread Distribution of Puccinia coronata as a Pathogen of Kentucky Bluegrass in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; CROWN RUST; STEM RUST; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; ALTERNATE HOST; STRIPE RUST; WHEAT-RUST; RESISTANCE; POPULATIONS AB Beirn, L. A., Moy, M., Meyer, W. A., Clarke, B. B., and Crouch, J. A. 2011. Molecular analysis of turfgrass rusts reveals the widespread distribution of Puccinia coronata as a pathogen of Kentucky bluegrass in the United States. Plant Dis. 95:1547-1557. Over the past 10 years, rust diseases have become increasingly prevalent on certain cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass. This pattern suggests that new races or new species of rust fungi may have emerged. To test this hypothesis, 66 samples of turfgrass rust fungi collected from across the United States were evaluated based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-5.8S rDNA region. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three species: Puccinia coronata, P graminis, and P. striiformis, comprising 67, 28, and 5% of the samples, respectively. P coronata was frequently found in association with Kentucky bluegrass, a host pathogen relationship that has not been previously reported. Comparison of molecular analyses with the use of standard field identification techniques host association and pustule pigmentation showed that 58% of the Kentucky bluegrass samples would have been incorrectly diagnosed using nonmolecular criteria. To avoid such misidentifications, a real-time polymerase chain reaction diagnostic protocol was developed for turfgrass-associated P graminis, P coronata, and P. striiformis using ITS sequences. Accurate, reproducible, species-specific identifications were made using as few as 50 to 150 urediniospores, even in mixed infections. This study represents the first DNA-based evaluation of turfgrass rust fungi and provides a quick and reliable sequence-based protocol as an alternative to less reliable field-based identification techniques. C1 [Crouch, Jo Anne] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Beirn, Lisa A.; Moy, Melinda; Meyer, William A.; Clarke, Bruce B.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Crouch, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM joanne.crouch@ars.usda.gov RI Crouch, Jo Anne/F-4322-2012; OI Crouch, Jo Anne/0000-0001-6886-8090 FU Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research was funded by the Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. We thank N. Patel for her assistance in sample collection; I. Chivers, M. DaCosta, K. Entwistle, P. Harmon, J. Inguagiato, M. Kennelly, J. Rimelspach, M. Thurn, M. Tomaso-Peterson, L. Tredway, and E. Watkins for supplying diseased samples; L. Szabo, J. Johnson, and the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Cereal Disease Lab for sharing their knowledge of the cereal rusts; S. Bonos for helpful discussions; J. Polashock for comments on this manuscript, and D. Kobayashi and B. Hillman for use of their lab facilities. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1547 EP 1557 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-11-0073 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000008 ER PT J AU Hussnain, SZ Afghan, S Haq, MI Mughal, SM Shahazad, A Hussain, K Nawaz, K Pan, YB Jackson, P Batool, A Irfan, A AF Hussnain, S. -Z. Afghan, S. Haq, M. -I Mughal, S. -M. Shahazad, A. Hussain, K. Nawaz, K. Pan, Y. -B. Jackson, P. Batool, A. Irfan, A. TI First Report of Ratoon Stunt of Sugarcane Caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp xyli in Pakistan SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID DISEASE C1 [Hussnain, S. -Z.; Afghan, S.; Shahazad, A.; Batool, A.] Shakarganj Sugar Res Inst, Jhang, Pakistan. [Haq, M. -I; Mughal, S. -M.; Irfan, A.] PMAS Arid Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. [Hussain, K.; Nawaz, K.] Univ Gujrat, Dept Bot, Gujrat, Pakistan. [Pan, Y. -B.] SRU, MSA, USDA ARS, Houma, LA USA. [Jackson, P.] CSIRO, Davis Lab, Aitkenvale, Qld 4814, Australia. RP Hussnain, SZ (reprint author), Shakarganj Sugar Res Inst, Toba Rd, Jhang, Pakistan. RI Jackson, Phillip/I-6223-2012 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1581 EP 1582 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-11-0137 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000014 ER PT J AU Berner, D Cavin, C Mukhina, Z Kassanelly, D AF Berner, D. Cavin, C. Mukhina, Z. Kassanelly, D. TI Leaf Anthracnose, a New Disease of Swallow-Worts Caused by Colletotrichum lineola from Russia SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Berner, D.; Cavin, C.] ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Mukhina, Z.] All Russia Rice Res Inst, Krasnodar 350921, Belozerny, Russia. [Kassanelly, D.] Kuban State Univ, Dept Biol, Krasnodar 350040, Russia. RP Berner, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 1 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1586 EP 1586 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-11-0318 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000025 ER PT J AU Kousik, CS Donahoo, RS Webster, CG Turechek, WW Adkins, ST Roberts, PD AF Kousik, C. S. Donahoo, R. S. Webster, C. G. Turechek, W. W. Adkins, S. T. Roberts, P. D. TI Outbreak of Cucurbit Powdery Mildew on Watermelon Fruit Caused by Podosphaera xanthii in Southwest Florida SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Kousik, C. S.] ARS, USDA, USVL, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Donahoo, R. S.; Roberts, P. D.] Univ Florida, SWFREC, Immokalee, FL 34142 USA. [Webster, C. G.; Turechek, W. W.; Adkins, S. T.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Kousik, CS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USVL, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1586 EP 1587 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-11-0521 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000026 ER PT J AU Hughes, M Smith, JA Mayfield, AE Minno, MC Shin, K AF Hughes, M. Smith, J. A. Mayfield, A. E., III Minno, M. C. Shin, K. TI First Report of Laurel Wilt Disease Caused by Raffaelea lauricola on Pondspice in Florida SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID LAURACEAE; SYMBIONT C1 [Hughes, M.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Smith, J. A.; Shin, K.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Mayfield, A. E., III] USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Minno, M. C.] St Johns River Water Management Dist, Palatka, FL 32178 USA. RP Hughes, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 95 IS 12 BP 1588 EP 1588 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-11-0528 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 851MC UT WOS:000297274000030 ER PT J AU Salm, E Liu, YS Marchwiany, D Morisette, D He, YP Bhunia, AK Bashir, R AF Salm, Eric Liu, Yi-Shao Marchwiany, Daniel Morisette, Dallas He, Yiping Bhunia, Arun K. Bashir, Rashid TI Electrical detection of dsDNA and polymerase chain reaction amplification SO BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES LA English DT Article DE Label-free; Electrical detection; PCR; DNA; Listeria ID PCR-BASED DETECTION; REAL-TIME; FUNCTIONAL-INTEGRATION; IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; DIELECTRIC DISPERSION; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; PURIFICATION; POLYELECTROLYTES AB Food-borne pathogens and food safety-related outbreaks have come to the forefront over recent years. Estimates on the annual cost of sicknesses, hospitalizations, and deaths run into the billions of dollars. There is a large body of research on detection of food-borne pathogens; however, the widely accepted current systems are limited by costly reagents, lengthy time to completion, and expensive equipment. Our aim is to develop a label-free method for determining a change in DNA concentration after a PCR assay. We first used impedance spectroscopy to characterize the change in concentration of purified DNA in deionized water within a microfluidic biochip. To adequately measure the change in DNA concentration in PCR solution, it was necessary to go through a purification and precipitation step to minimize the effects of primers, PCR reagents, and excess salts. It was then shown that the purification and precipitation of the fully amplified PCR reaction showed results similar to the control tests performed with DNA in deionized water. We believe that this work has brought label free electrical biosensors for PCR amplification one step closer to reality. C1 [Bashir, Rashid] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Salm, Eric; Bashir, Rashid] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Salm, Eric; Marchwiany, Daniel; Bashir, Rashid] Univ Illinois, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Marchwiany, Daniel] Univ Illinois, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Liu, Yi-Shao] Taiwan Semicond Mfg Corp, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. [Morisette, Dallas] BioVitesse Inc, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Bhunia, Arun K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [He, Yiping] ARS, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Bashir, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM rbashir@illinois.edu FU Purdue University; Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture [1935-42000-035]; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign FX We acknowledge funding support from a cooperative agreement with Purdue University and the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, project number 1935-42000-035, and a sub-contract to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-2176 J9 BIOMED MICRODEVICES JI Biomed. Microdevices PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 6 BP 973 EP 982 DI 10.1007/s10544-011-9567-x PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 849JL UT WOS:000297121700003 PM 21789549 ER PT J AU Upchurch, RG Ramirez, ME AF Upchurch, Robert G. Ramirez, Martha E. TI Effects of temperature during soybean seed development on defense-related gene expression and fungal pathogen accumulation SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Defense-related gene expression in seeds; Fungal pathogens; Glycine max; Temperature regimen ID DIAPORTHE-PHASEOLORUM; CERCOSPORA-KIKUCHII; SALICYLIC-ACID; PLANT DEFENSE; RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS; INFECTION; LEAVES; OIL; PCR AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] plants were exposed to three temperature regimens during seed development to investigate the effect of temperature on the expression of eight defense-related genes and the accumulation of two fungal pathogens in inoculated seeds. In seeds prior to inoculation, either a day/night warm (34/26A degrees C) or a cool temperature (22/18A degrees C) relative to normal (26/22A degrees C) resulted in altered patterns of gene expression including substantially lower expression of PR1, PR3 and PR10. After seed inoculation with Cercospora kikuchii, pathogen accumulation was lowest in seeds produced at 22/18A degrees C in which of all defense genes, MMP2 was uniquely most highly induced. For seeds inoculated with Diaporthe phaseolorum, pathogen accumulation was lowest in seeds produced at 34/26A degrees C in which of all defense genes, PR10 was uniquely most highly induced. Our detached seed assays clearly demonstrated that the temperature regimens we applied during seed development produced significant changes in seed defense-related gene expression both pre- and post inoculation and our findings support the hypothesis that global climate change may alter plant-pathogen interactions and thereby potentially crop productivity. C1 [Upchurch, Robert G.; Ramirez, Martha E.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Uni,Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Upchurch, RG (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Uni,Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM greg.upchurch@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 33 IS 12 BP 2397 EP 2404 DI 10.1007/s10529-011-0722-5 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 849ZC UT WOS:000297163100009 PM 21826398 ER PT J AU Zak, DR Pregitzer, KS Kubiske, ME Burton, AJ AF Zak, Donald R. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Kubiske, Mark E. Burton, Andrew J. TI Forest productivity under elevated CO2 and O3: positive feedbacks to soil N cycling sustain decade-long net primary productivity enhancement by CO2 SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Elevated CO2; elevated O3; forest productivity; global C cycle; N-cycle feedbacks ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; TROPOSPHERIC O-3; CLIMATE-CHANGE; OZONE; LIMITATION; RESPONSES; ECOSYSTEMS; AGE; METAANALYSIS AB The accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the Earths atmosphere, and hence the rate of climate warming, is sensitive to stimulation of plant growth by higher concentrations of atmospheric CO2. Here, we synthesise data from a field experiment in which three developing northern forest communities have been exposed to factorial combinations of elevated CO2 and O3. Enhanced net primary productivity (NPP) (c. 26% increase) under elevated CO2 was sustained by greater root exploration of soil for growth-limiting N, as well as more rapid rates of litter decomposition and microbial N release during decay. Despite initial declines in forest productivity under elevated O3, compensatory growth of O3-tolerant individuals resulted in equivalent NPP under ambient and elevated O3. After a decade, NPP has remained enhanced under elevated CO2 and has recovered under elevated O3 by mechanisms that remain un-calibrated or not considered in coupled climatebiogeochemical models simulating interactions between the global C cycle and climate warming. C1 [Zak, Donald R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resource & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zak, Donald R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pregitzer, Kurt S.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kubiske, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Burton, Andrew J.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Zak, DR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resource & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM drzak@umich.edu RI Zak, Donald/C-6004-2012 FU US Department of Energy, Division of Environmental Biology; U.S.D.A. Forest Service, North Central Experiment Station FX This work was supported by grants from the US Department of Energy, Division of Environmental Biology and by the U.S.D.A. Forest Service, North Central Experiment Station. Dave Karnosky played an integral role in the design, initiation and implementation of this experiment; we miss him as a colleague, collaborator and friend. Jud Isebrands, George Hendry, Richard Dickson, John Nagy and Keith Lewin all have provided invaluable and integral contributions over the past decade of this experiment; we sincerely thank them. Courtney Campany, Sarah Eisenlord, Pat Micks, Sierra Patterson, Angela Pickett, Alaina Ritter, Alan Talhelm, Rima Upchurch, Jennifer Eikenberry, Wendy Loya and Scott Jacobsen provided assistance in the field and laboratory. Rich Norby shared insightful comments on an earlier draft; we sincerely thank him. NR 38 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 6 U2 106 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1461-023X J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 14 IS 12 BP 1220 EP 1226 DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01692.x PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849TG UT WOS:000297147500005 PM 21981597 ER PT J AU Richards, GP AF Richards, Gary P. TI In Memoriam, Dean Otis Cliver, 1935-2011 SO FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Delaware State Univ, James WW Baker Ctr, ARS, USDA, Dover, DE 19901 USA. RP Richards, GP (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, James WW Baker Ctr, ARS, USDA, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM gary.richards@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1867-0334 J9 FOOD ENVIRON VIROL JI Food Environ. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 3-4 BP 99 EP 108 DI 10.1007/s12560-011-9064-7 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Microbiology; Virology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology; Virology GA 850VQ UT WOS:000297228000001 ER PT J AU Hull, JJ Lee, JM Matsumoto, S AF Hull, J. J. Lee, J. M. Matsumoto, S. TI loop and carboxyl terminus of the Bombyx mori pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor crucial for ligand-induced internalization SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PBAN receptor; GPCR; site-directed mutagenesis; receptor internalization; Bombyx mori ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; MOTH HELICOVERPA-ZEA; PBAN RECEPTOR; REGULATORY MECHANISMS; THYROTROPIN RECEPTOR; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; EXPORT TRAFFICKING; HORMONE-RECEPTOR; KINASE-C; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Sex pheromone production in most moths is mediated by the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor (PBANR). Using fluorescent Bombyx mori PBANR (BmPBANR) chimeras to study PBANR regulation, we previously showed that BmPBANR undergoes rapid ligand-induced internalization, that the endocytotic motif resides between residues 358-367 of the BmPBANR C terminus, and that the internalization pathway is clathrin-dependent. Here, we sought to expand our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying BmPBANR function and regulation by transiently expressing a series of fluorescent BmPBANR chimeric constructs in cultured Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells and assaying for internalization of a fluorescently labelled ligand. Pharmacological inhibition of phospholipase C significantly reduced internalization, suggesting that BmPBANR regulation proceeds via a conventional G-protein-dependent pathway. This was further supported by impaired internalization following site-directed mutagenesis of R263 and R264, two basic residues at the transmembrane 6 intracellular junction that are thought to stabilize G-protein coupling via electrostatic interactions. Ala substitution of S333 and S366, two consensus protein kinase C sites in the C terminus, likewise impaired internalization, as did RNA interference-mediated knockdown of Sf9 protein kinase C. N-terminal truncations of BmPBANR indicate that the first 27 residues are not necessary for cell surface trafficking or receptor functionality. C1 [Hull, J. J.; Lee, J. M.; Matsumoto, S.] RIKEN, Adv Sci Inst, Mol Entomol Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RP Hull, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM joe.hull@ars.usda.gov; smatsu@riken.jp FU RIKEN; Targeted Proteins Research Program (TPRP); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [20380040] FX We would like to thank Masaaki Kurihara for assistance in maintaining the insect cell culture used in this study. This work was supported by the RIKEN Lipid Dynamics Research Program, the Targeted Proteins Research Program (TPRP) and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) 20380040 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 20 IS 6 BP 801 EP 811 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01110.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 851RQ UT WOS:000297289000010 PM 21955122 ER PT J AU Estrada, JD Boeneke, C Bechtel, P Sathivel, S AF Estrada, J. D. Boeneke, C. Bechtel, P. Sathivel, S. TI Developing a strawberry yogurt fortified with marine fish oil SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE marine fish oil; n-3; yogurt; microencapsulation ID FLOW PROPERTIES; MICROENCAPSULATION; OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS; MICROSTRUCTURE; CONSUMPTION; STABILITY; EMULSIONS; CALCIUM; STORAGE; IMPACT AB Fortified dairy products appeal to a wide variety of consumers and have the potential to increase sales in the yogurt industry and help increase intake of long-chain n-3 fatty acids. The objectives of this study were to develop a strawberry yogurt containing microencapsulated salmon oil (MSO; 2% wt/vol) and evaluate its characteristics during 1 mo of storage. Unpurified salmon oil (USO) was purified (PSO) and both USO and PSO were analyzed for peroxide value (PV), anisidine value (AV), total oxidation, free fatty acids (FFA), and moisture content. A stable emulsion was prepared with 7% PSO, 22% gum arabic, 11% maltodextrin, and 60% water. The emulsion was spray-dried to produce MSO. The MSO was added to strawberry-flavored yogurt (SYMSO) before pasteurization and homogenization, and a control (SY) without MSO was produced. Both yogurts were stored for 1 mo at 4 C and we determined the quality characteristics including acidity (pH), syneresis, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), fatty acid methyl ester composition, color, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count. The entire experiment was replicated 3 times. Total oxidation (unitless) of USO, PSO, and MSO was calculated to be 20.7 +/- 1.26, 10.9 +/- 0.1, and 13.4 +/- 0.25, respectively. Free fatty acid contents were 1.61 +/- 0.19%, 0.59 +/- 0.02%, and 0.77 +/- 0.02% for USO, PSO, and MSO, respectively. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were the predominant polyunsaturated fatty acids in MSO and in SYMSO, but neither was detected in SY. Fortification of SY with MSO had no significant effect on yogurt pH or syneresis. A decrease in concentration of lactic acid bacteria was observed during the storage of all yogurts. Thiobarbituric acid values significantly increased as storage time increased and SY had a significantly lighter (higher L*) and less yellow (lower b*) color than SYMSO. Although some slight differences were observed in the color and oxidation of SYMSO compared with SY, the study demonstrated that SY could be fortified with salmon oil. C1 [Estrada, J. D.; Sathivel, S.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Boeneke, C.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Anim Sci, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Bechtel, P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, Subarct Res Unit, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. [Sathivel, S.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Sathivel, S (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM ssathivel@agcenter.lsw.edu NR 46 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 12 BP 5760 EP 5769 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4226 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 850WA UT WOS:000297229000003 PM 22118066 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Hutchison, JL VanRaden, PM AF Norman, H. D. Hutchison, J. L. VanRaden, P. M. TI Evaluations for service-sire conception rate for heifer and cow inseminations with conventional and sexed semen SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE service sire; conception rate; sexed semen; bull fertility ID UNITED-STATES; FERTILITY; PREDICTION AB Service-sire conception rate (SCR), a phenotypic fertility evaluation based on conventional (nonsexed) inseminations from parities 1 through 5, was implemented for the United States in August 2008. The SCR model contains the categorical fixed effects of parity for lactations 1 to 5; state-year-month of insemination group; 6 standardized milk yield groups; service number for inseminations 1 to 7; cow age; and herd-year-season-parity-registry status class. Covariate effects for service-sire and mating inbreeding coefficients were linear regressions fit as deviations from the overall mean. Random effects included service-sire age group; AI organization-insemination year group; individual service sire; cow's genetic ability to conceive; cow's permanent environmental effect; and residual. Using insemination data from 2005 through 2009, the SCR procedure was applied separately for nulliparous heifer inseminations with conventional semen inseminations with conventional semen (SCR(Hconv)), cow inseminations with conventional semen (SCR(Cconv)), nulliparous heifer inseminations with sexed semen (SCR(Hsexed)), and cow inseminations with sexed semen (SCR(Csexed)). Holstein and jersey bulls with >= 300 and >= 200 artificial inseminations, respectively, in >= 10 herds and with >= 100 breedings during the 12 mo before evaluation were examined. The number of bulls evaluated for SCR in January 2010 was 270 Holsteins and 16 Jerseys for SCR(Hconv), 2,309 Holsteins and 214 Jerseys for SCR(Cconv), 114 Holsteins and 6 Jerseys for SCR(Hsexed), and 25 Holsteins and 7 Jerseys for SCR(Csexed). The mean SCR for each evaluation category was set to 0; Holstein standard deviations were 2.55% for SCR(Hconv). 2.21% for SCR(Cconv), 4.29% for SCR(Hsexed), and 2.39% for SCR(Csexed). The mean Holstein reliabilities were 82, 79, 75, and 73%, respectively. Correlations for Holstein SCR between conventional and sexed semen averaged near zero (-0.21 to 0.18). Predicted correlations between true SCR were -0.27 to 0.24. In contrast, correlations between Holstein heifers and cows were high (0.66 to 0.76), and predicted true correlations averaged near 1.0 (0.82 to 1.03). Correlations for Jerseys were often larger, although based on fewer inseminations and service sires compared with Holsteins. Some rankings for SCR could benefit from combining cow and heifer data but should be kept separate for conventional and sexed semen inseminations. C1 [Norman, H. D.; Hutchison, J. L.; VanRaden, P. M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Norman, HD (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Duane.Norman@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 12 BP 6135 EP 6142 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3875 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 850WA UT WOS:000297229000038 PM 22118101 ER PT J AU VanRaden, PM Olson, KM Null, DJ Hutchison, JL AF VanRaden, P. M. Olson, K. M. Null, D. J. Hutchison, J. L. TI Harmful recessive effects on fertility detected by absence of homozygous haplotypes SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genomics; lethal recessive; haplotype; homozygote ID COMPLEX VERTEBRAL MALFORMATION; HOLSTEIN CATTLE; JERSEY CATTLE; IDENTIFICATION; DEFICIENCY; GENETICS; DEFECTS; CALVES AB Five new recessive defects were discovered in Holsteins, Jerseys, and Brown Swiss by examining haplotypes that had a high population frequency but were never homozygous. The method required genotypes only from apparently normal individuals and not from affected embryos. Genotypes from the BovineSNP50 BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, CA) were examined for 58,453 Holsteins, 5,288 Jerseys, and 1,991 Brown Swiss with genotypes in the North American database. Haplotypes with a length of <= 75 markers were obtained. Eleven candidate haplotypes were identified, with the earliest carrier born before 1980; 7 to 90 homozygous haplotypes were expected, but none were observed in the genomic data. Expected numbers were calculated using either the actual mating pattern or assuming random mating. Probability of observing no homozygotes ranged from 0.0002 for 7 to 10(-45) for 90 expected homozygotes. Phenotypic effects were confirmed for 5 of the 11 candidate haplotypes using 14,911,387 Holstein, 830,391 Jersey, and 68,443 Brown Swiss records for conception rate. Estimated effect for interaction of carrier service sire with carrier maternal grandsire ranged from -3.0 to -3.7 percentage points, which was slightly smaller than the -3.9 to -4.6 percentage points expected for lethal recessives but slightly larger than estimated effects for previously known lethal alleles of -2.5 percentage points for brachyspina. and -2.9 percentage points for complex vertebral malformation. Conception rate was coded as a success only if the gestation went to term or the cow was confirmed to be pregnant. Estimated effect of carrier interaction for stillbirth rate based on 10,876,597 Holstein and 25,456 Jersey records was small. Thus, lethal effects may include conception, gestation, and stillbirth losses. Carrier frequency has been >20% for many years for the confirmed defect in Jerseys and is currently 16% for the defect in Brown Swiss. The 3 defects discovered in Holsteins have carrier frequencies of 2.7 to 6.4% in the current population. For previously known defects, map locations and lack of homozygotes were consistent with the literature and lethal recessive inheritance, but numbers of expected homozygotes for some were small because of low frequency. Very large genotypic and phenotypic data sets allow efficient detection of smaller and less frequent effects. Haplotype tests can help breeders avoid carrier matings for such defects and reduce future frequencies. C1 [VanRaden, P. M.; Null, D. J.; Hutchison, J. L.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Olson, K. M.] Natl Assoc Anim Breeders, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. RP VanRaden, PM (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM paul.vanraden@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 85 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 12 BP 6153 EP 6161 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4624 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 850WA UT WOS:000297229000040 PM 22118103 ER PT J AU Wiggans, GR Cooper, TA VanRaden, PM Cole, JB AF Wiggans, G. R. Cooper, T. A. VanRaden, P. M. Cole, J. B. TI Technical note: Adjustment of traditional cow evaluations to improve accuracy of genomic predictions SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE genetic evaluation; genomic prediction; evaluation accuracy; bias ID TRANSMITTING ABILITIES; PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT; BIASES AB Genomic evaluations are calculated using deregressed predicted transmitting abilities (PTA) from traditional evaluations to estimate effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms. The direct genomic value (sum of an animal's marker effects) should be consistent with traditional PTA, which is the case for bulls. However, traditional PTA of yield traits (milk, fat, and protein) for genotyped cows are higher than their direct genomic values. To ensure that characteristics of cow PTA for yield traits were more similar to those for bull PTA, mean and variance of cow Mendelian sampling (PTA minus parent average) were adjusted to be similar to those of bulls. The same adjustments were used for all genotyped cows in a breed. To determine gains in reliabilities, predictions were made for bulls with August 2010 evaluations that did not have traditional evaluations in August 2006. By adjusting cow PTA and parent averages of genotyped animals, Holstein and Jersey regressions of August 2010 deregressed PTA on genomic evaluations based on August 2006 data became closer to 1 for the adjusted predictor population compared with the unadjusted predictor population. Evaluation bias was decreased for Holsteins when the predictor population was adjusted. Mean gain in reliability over parent average increased 3.5 percentage points across yield traits for Holsteins and 0.9 percentage points for Jerseys when the predictor population was adjusted. The accuracy of genomic evaluations for Holsteins and Jerseys was increased through better use of information from cows. C1 [Wiggans, G. R.; Cooper, T. A.; VanRaden, P. M.; Cole, J. B.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wiggans, GR (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM George.Wiggans@ars.usda.gov RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 16 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 12 BP 6188 EP 6193 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4481 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 850WA UT WOS:000297229000044 PM 22118107 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Lornbard, JE Wright, JR Kopral, CA Rodriguez, JM Miller, RH AF Norman, H. D. Lornbard, J. E. Wright, J. R. Kopral, C. A. Rodriguez, J. M. Miller, R. H. TI Consequence of alternative standards for bulk tank somatic cell count of dairy herds in the United States SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE European Union; milk quality; somatic cell count; standard ID CLINICAL MASTITIS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; REDUCTION PROGRAM; ASSOCIATION AB Noncompliance with current US and European Union (EU) standards for bulk-tank somatic cell count (BTSCC) as well as BTSCC standards recently proposed by 3 US organizations was evaluated using US Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHI) herds and herds supplying milk to 4 Federal Milk Marketing Orders (FMO). Herds with 15 to 26 tests (frequently monthly) from January 2009 through October 2010 were included. Somatic cell scores (SCS) from 14,854 herds and 164,794 herd-tests were analyzed for DHI herds with >= 10 cows for all tests. Herd test-day SCC was derived as a proxy for BTSCC and was the basis for determining noncompliance and percentage of the milk it represented. For FMO herds, actual milk marketed and. BTSCC were available from 27,759 herds and 325,690 herd-tests. A herd was noncompliant for the current EU BTSCC standard after 4 consecutive rolling 3-test geometric means (geometric method) were >400,000 cells/mL. A herd was noncompliant for the current US BTSCC standard after 3 of 5 consecutive monthly BTSCC shipments (frequency method) were >750,000 cells/mL. Alternative proposed standards (600,000, 500,000, or 400,000 cells/mL) also were examined. A third method designated noncompliance when a single 3-mo geometric mean of >550,000 or >400,000 cells/mL and a subsequent test exceeded the same level. Results were examined based on herd size or milk shipped by month. Noncompliance for the current US standard for the 12 mo ending October 2010 in DHI and FMO herds was 0.9 and 1.0%, respectively, compared with 7.8 and 16.1% for the current EU standard. Noncompliance was always greater for the frequency method than for the geometric method and was inversely related to herd size or milk shipped. Using the frequency method at 400,000 cells/mL, noncompliance was 19.1% for DHI herd-tests in herds with <50 cows compared with 1.1% for herds with >= 1,000 cows. For FMO herds shipping <900 t, noncompliance was 44.5% using the frequency method at 400,000 cells/mL compared with 8.0% for herds marketing >9,000 t. All methods proposed increased the percentages of herds and shipped milk that exceeded the regulatory limit. Producers will need to place more emphasis on reducing the incidence and prevalence of subclinical mastitis through known management practices such as proper milking techniques, well-functioning milking machines, postmilking teat disinfectant; dry cow treatment, and culling of problem cows to meet any of the proposed new standards. C1 [Norman, H. D.; Wright, J. R.; Miller, R. H.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lornbard, J. E.; Kopral, C. A.; Rodriguez, J. M.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, Vet Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Norman, HD (reprint author), ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Duane.Norman@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 12 BP 6243 EP 6256 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4645 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 850WA UT WOS:000297229000049 PM 22118112 ER PT J AU Gustafson, EJ AF Gustafson, Eric J. TI Publishing landscape ecology research in the 21st century SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI USA. RP Gustafson, EJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI USA. EM egustafson@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 26 IS 10 BP 1351 EP 1354 DI 10.1007/s10980-011-9638-7 PG 4 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 849PF UT WOS:000297136900002 ER PT J AU Riitters, K AF Riitters, Kurt TI Creativity abhors prescription SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Riitters, K (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 3041 Cornwallis Rd,Res Triangle Pk, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kriitters@fs.fed.us NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 26 IS 10 BP 1359 EP 1359 DI 10.1007/s10980-011-9673-4 PG 1 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 849PF UT WOS:000297136900004 ER PT J AU Kim, JW Sukop, MC Perfect, E Pachepsky, YA Choi, H AF Kim, Jung-Woo Sukop, Michael C. Perfect, Edmund Pachepsky, Yakov A. Choi, Heechul TI Geometric and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Three-dimensional Saturated Prefractal Porous Media Determined with Lattice Boltzmann Modeling SO TRANSPORT IN POROUS MEDIA LA English DT Article DE 3D fractal porous medium; Lattice Boltzmann model; Percolation threshold; Permeability; Dispersivity ID FRACTAL MODEL; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; SIERPINSKI CARPETS; PERMEABILITY; SIMULATION; EQUATION; FLOW; CONDUCTIVITY; PERCOLATION; LACUNARITY AB Fractal and prefractal geometric models have substantial potential for contributing to the analysis of flow and transport in porous media such as soils and reservoir rocks. In this study, geometric and hydrodynamic parameters of saturated 3D mass and pore-solid prefractal porous media were characterized using the lattice Boltzmann model (LBM). The percolation thresholds of the 3D prefractal porous media were inversely correlated with the fraction of micro-pore clusters and estimated as 0.36 and 0.30 for mass and pore-solid prefractal porous media, respectively. The intrinsic permeability and the dispersivity of the 3D pore-solid prefractals were larger than those of the 3D mass prefractals, presumably because of the occurrence of larger solid and pore cluster sizes in the former. The intrinsic permeability and dispersivity of both types of structure increased with increasing porosity, indicating a positive relationship between permeability and dispersivity, which is at odds with laboratory data and current theory. This discrepancy may be related to limitations of the convection dispersion equation at the relatively high porosity values employed in the present study. C1 [Kim, Jung-Woo] KAERI, Radioact Waste Technol Dev Div, Taejon 305353, South Korea. [Kim, Jung-Woo; Pachepsky, Yakov A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sukop, Michael C.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Perfect, Edmund] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Choi, Heechul] GIST, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. RP Kim, JW (reprint author), KAERI, Radioact Waste Technol Dev Div, 1045 Daedeok Daero, Taejon 305353, South Korea. EM jw_kim@kaeri.re.kr OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090; Sukop, Michael/0000-0002-2142-6292 NR 46 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0169-3913 J9 TRANSPORT POROUS MED JI Transp. Porous Media PD DEC PY 2011 VL 90 IS 3 BP 831 EP 846 DI 10.1007/s11242-011-9818-6 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 849JH UT WOS:000297121300009 ER PT J AU Valerio, M Tomecek, MB Lovelli, S Ziska, LH AF Valerio, M. Tomecek, M. B. Lovelli, S. Ziska, L. H. TI Quantifying the effect of drought on carbon dioxide-induced changes in competition between a C-3 crop (tomato) and a C-4 weed (Amaranthus retroflexus) SO WEED RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE competition; CO2; drought; C-3; C-4; redroot pigweed; tomato ID CO2 ENRICHMENT; SOIL-MOISTURE; RESPONSES; RICE AB Recent and projected increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and subsequent effects on climate are likely to alter competitive outcomes of weeds and crops. Rising [CO2] per se could increase the competitive ability of C-3 crops relative to C-4 weeds. However, such an outcome may depend on other climatic variables. In this study, tomato, a C-3 crop species, was grown from emergence to anthesis using replacement series mixtures with Amaranthus retroflexus, a C-4 weed species at three different [CO2], 400, 600 and 800 mu mol mol(-1), with and without water stress. Under well-watered conditions, leaf photosynthetic rates and plant height, leaf area and biomass all increased with elevated [CO2] for tomato relative to A. retroflexus, consistent with the kinetics of C-3 photosynthesis. However, if water was limiting, a significant positive effect of [CO2] was noted for plant height and biomass of A. retroflexus with increased competition. This result may be related to a greater increase in leaf water potential with rising [CO2] for A. retroflexus relative to tomato under water stress. Overall, these are the first data to suggest that increases in atmospheric CO2 could still exacerbate crop losses from a C-4 weed, even with a C-3 crop, if drought occurs. C1 [Tomecek, M. B.; Ziska, L. H.] ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lovelli, S.] Univ Basilicata, Dept Crop Syst Forestry & Environm Sci, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Ziska, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM l.ziska@ars.usda.gov RI Lovelli, Stella/K-8575-2015 OI Lovelli, Stella/0000-0002-8535-8639 NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0043-1737 J9 WEED RES JI Weed Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 51 IS 6 BP 591 EP 600 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3180.2011.00874.x PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 851QM UT WOS:000297286000007 ER PT J AU Lin, LG Saha, PK Ma, XJ Henshaw, IO Shao, LJ Chang, BHJ Buras, ED Tong, Q Chan, LR McGuinness, OP Sun, YX AF Lin, Ligen Saha, Pradip K. Ma, Xiaojun Henshaw, Iyabo O. Shao, Longjiang Chang, Benny H. J. Buras, Eric D. Tong, Qiang Chan, Lawrence McGuinness, Owen P. Sun, Yuxiang TI Ablation of ghrelin receptor reduces adiposity and improves insulin sensitivity during aging by regulating fat metabolism in white and brown adipose tissues SO AGING CELL LA English DT Article DE aging; ghrelin; growth hormone secretagogue receptor; insulin resistance; obesity; thermogenesis AB Aging is associated with increased adiposity in white adipose tissues and impaired thermogenesis in brown adipose tissues; both contribute to increased incidences of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Ghrelin is the only known circulating orexigenic hormone that promotes adiposity. In this study, we show that ablation of the ghrelin receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHS-R) improves insulin sensitivity during aging. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, old Ghsr-/- mice have reduced fat and preserve a healthier lipid profile. Old Ghsr-/- mice also exhibit elevated energy expenditure and resting metabolic rate, yet have similar food intake and locomotor activity. While GHS-R expression in white and brown adipose tissues was below the detectable level in the young mice, GHS-R expression was readily detectable in visceral white fat and interscapular brown fat of the old mice. Gene expression profiles reveal that Ghsr ablation reduced glucose/lipid uptake and lipogenesis in white adipose tissues but increased thermogenic capacity in brown adipose tissues. Ghsr ablation prevents age-associated decline in thermogenic gene expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Cell culture studies in brown adipocytes further demonstrate that ghrelin suppresses the expression of adipogenic and thermogenic genes, while GHS-R antagonist abolishes ghrelins effects and increases UCP1 expression. Hence, GHS-R plays an important role in thermogenic impairment during aging. Ghsr ablation improves aging-associated obesity and insulin resistance by reducing adiposity and increasing thermogenesis. Growth hormone secretagogue receptor antagonists may be a new means of combating obesity by shifting the energy balance from obesogenesis to thermogenesis. C1 [Sun, Yuxiang] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Saha, Pradip K.; Chang, Benny H. J.; Buras, Eric D.; Tong, Qiang; Chan, Lawrence] Dept Med, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Shao, Longjiang; Tong, Qiang; Sun, Yuxiang] Baylor Coll Med, Huffington Ctr Aging, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chan, Lawrence; Sun, Yuxiang] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [McGuinness, Owen P.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Sun, YX (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,ARS, 1100 Bates St,Room 5024, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM yuxiangs@bcm.edu FU NIH/NIA [1R03AG029641-01]; USDA/CRIS [ARS 6250-51000-055]; NIH-Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine [P30DK079638]; Vanderbilt Diabetes and Research and Training Center [DK020593]; Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center [DK59637]; Baylor Mouse Phenotyping Core [HRSA 1C76HF02799-01-00] FX We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Nancy F. Butte and Mr. Firoz A. Vohra for their input in the indirect calorimetry study, Dr. Monique Rijnkels (supported by USDA/CRIS 6250-51000-054) for her time and effort in maintaining our qPCR system, and Dr. Corey L. Reynolds and Mr. Lingyun Hu of the Mouse Phenotyping Core for their assistance in MRI imaging. We also thank Dr. Miao-Hsueh Chen for her insightful critique of the manuscript and Mr. Michael R. Honig for his editorial assistance. This study was supported by NIH/NIA grant 1R03AG029641-01 (YS) and USDA/CRIS grant ARS 6250-51000-055 (YS) and partly supported by the NIH-Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (P30DK079638) at Baylor College of Medicine. Other grants that supported the core facilities used in this study are Vanderbilt Diabetes and Research and Training Center (DK020593), Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center (DK59637), and Baylor Mouse Phenotyping Core (HRSA 1C76HF02799-01-00). NR 1 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1474-9718 J9 AGING CELL JI Aging Cell PD DEC PY 2011 VL 10 IS 6 BP 996 EP 1010 DI 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2011.00740.x PG 15 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 847WS UT WOS:000297003800009 PM 21895961 ER PT J AU Byrdwell, WC AF Byrdwell, William Craig TI "Dilute-and-shoot" triple parallel mass spectrometry method for analysis of vitamin D and triacylglycerols in dietary supplements SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Vitamin D; Cholecalciferol; Ergocalciferol; Calciol; APCI-MS; ESI-MS ID RICE BRAN OIL; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIGHT-SCATTERING DETECTOR; OXIDIZED TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; PIG LIPOPROTEINS; FATTY-ACIDS; OXIDATION; MS AB A method is demonstrated for analysis of vitamin D fortified dietary supplements that eliminates virtually all chemical pretreatment prior to analysis, which is referred to as a "dilute-and-shoot" method. Three mass spectrometers, in parallel, plus a UV detector, an evaporative light-scattering detector (ELSD), and a corona charged aerosol detector (CAD) were used to allow a comparison of six detectors simultaneously. Ultraviolet data were analyzed using internal standard, external standard, and response factor approaches. The contents of gelcaps that contained 2,000 IU (50 mu g) vitamin D(3) in rice bran oil, diluted to 100 mL, were analyzed without the need for lengthy saponification and extraction. Vitamin D(3) was analyzed using UV detection, extracted ion chromatograms, selected ion monitoring (SIM) atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS), and two transitions of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) APCI-MS. The internal standard, external standard, and response factor methods gave values of 0.5870 +/- 0.0045, 0.5893 +/- 0.0041, and 0.5889 +/- 0.0045 mu g/mL, respectively, by UV detection. The values obtained by MS were 0.6117 +/- 0.0140, 0.6018 +/- 0.0244, and 0.5848 +/- 0.0146 mu g/mL by SIM and two transitions of MRM, respectively. The triacylglycerols in the oils were analyzed using full-scan APCI-MS, electrospray ionization (ESI) MS, up to MS(4), an ELSD, and a CAD. The method proved to be very sensitive for vitamin D(3), as well as triacylglycerols (TAGs), allowing identification of intact TAGs containing fatty acids up to 28 carbons in length. LC-ESI-MS of glycerin polymers is also demonstrated. C1 ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20704 USA. RP Byrdwell, WC (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 161, Beltsville, MD 20704 USA. EM C.Byrdwell@ars.usda.gov OI Byrdwell, William/0000-0001-8241-428X NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 401 IS 10 BP 3317 EP 3334 DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5406-4 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 849XY UT WOS:000297159900027 PM 21964772 ER PT J AU Provost, K Dancho, BA Ozbay, G Anderson, RS Richards, GP Kingsley, DH AF Provost, Keleigh Dancho, Brooke A. Ozbay, Gulnihal Anderson, Robert S. Richards, Gary P. Kingsley, David H. TI Hemocytes Are Sites of Enteric Virus Persistence within Oysters SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; NORWALK VIRUS; GASTROINTESTINAL CELLS; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; DEPURATED OYSTERS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PACIFIC OYSTER; VIBRIO-TAPETIS AB The goal of this study was to determine how enteric viruses persist within shellfish tissues. Several lines of novel evidence show that phagocytic blood cells (hemocytes) of Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) play an important role in the retention of virus particles. Our results demonstrated an association of virus contamination with hemocytes but not with hemolymph. Live oysters contaminated overnight with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and murine norovirus (MNV) had 56% and 80% of extractable virus associated with hemocytes, respectively. Transfer of HAV-contaminated hemocytes to naive (virus-free) oysters resulted in naive oyster meat testing HAV positive for up to 3 weeks. Acid tolerance of HAV, MNV, poliovirus (PV), and feline calicivirus (FCV) correlated with the ability of each virus to persist within oysters. Using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) to evaluate persistence of these viruses in oysters, we showed that HAV persisted the longest (>21 days) and was most acid resistant, MNV and PV were less tolerant of acidic pH, persisting for up to 12 days and 1 day, respectively, and FCV did not persist (<1 day) within oysters and was not acid tolerant. This suggests that the ability of a virus to tolerate the acidic conditions typical of phagolysosomal vesicles within hemocytes plays a role in determining virus persistence in shellfish. Evaluating oyster and hemocyte homogenates and live contaminated oysters as a prelude to developing improved viral RNA extraction methods, we found that viruses were extracted more expediently from hemocytes than from whole shellfish tissues and gave similar RT-PCR detection sensitivities. C1 [Dancho, Brooke A.; Richards, Gary P.; Kingsley, David H.] Delaware State Univ, USDA, ARS, James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Provost, Keleigh; Ozbay, Gulnihal] Delaware State Univ, Dept Agr & Nat Resources, Delaware, OH 19901 USA. [Anderson, Robert S.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. RP Kingsley, DH (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, USDA, ARS, James WW Baker Ctr, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM david.kingsley@ars.usda.gov FU USDA NRI [2008-35201-04694]; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was funded by USDA NRI seed grant 2008-35201-04694 and by intramural funds from the USDA Agricultural Research Service. NR 56 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 77 IS 23 BP 8360 EP 8369 DI 10.1128/AEM.06887-11 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 849ZL UT WOS:000297164100022 PM 21948840 ER PT J AU Wang, ML Barkley, NA Chen, ZB Pittman, RN AF Wang, Ming Li Barkley, Noelle A. Chen, Zhenbang Pittman, Roy N. TI FAD2 Gene Mutations Significantly Alter Fatty Acid Profiles in Cultivated Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) SO BIOCHEMICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Peanut FAD2 gene mutation; Real-time PCR; SNP genotyping; Gas chromatography; Fatty acid profiling ID HIGH-OLEATE TRAIT; OLEIC-ACID; L.; DESATURASE AB A panel of 55 peanut lines was analyzed for fatty acid composition with gas chromatography and also genotyped with SNP markers from the FAD2 genes by real-time PCR. Significant variation in fatty acid composition was identified, and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid (O/L) ranged from 1.23 to 56.45. In terms of the FAD2 gene mutation, the assayed lines were classified into four genotypes: wild type (Ol(1)Ol(1)Ol(2)Ol(2)), single functional homozygous mutation on the A genome (ol(1)ol(1)Ol(2)Ol(2)), single functional homozygous mutation on the B genome (Ol(1)Ol(1)ol(2)ol(2)), and a double mutation on both A and B genomes (ol(1)ol(1)ol(2)ol(2)). Each genotype has a significantly different fatty acid profile. Both FAD2A and FAD2B are involved in the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid in peanuts. Overall, these results demonstrate the combined power of genetic analysis with biochemical analysis on peanut fatty acid research. C1 [Wang, Ming Li; Barkley, Noelle A.; Pittman, Roy N.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Chen, Zhenbang] Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dept, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Wang, ML (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM MingLi.Wang@ars.usda.gov RI Barkley, Noelle/C-5815-2008 NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 16 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-2928 J9 BIOCHEM GENET JI Biochem. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 11-12 BP 748 EP 759 DI 10.1007/s10528-011-9447-3 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 849IY UT WOS:000297120400006 PM 21681577 ER PT J AU Carruthers, RI Franc, MK Gee, WS Cosse, AA Grewell, BJ Beck, JJ AF Carruthers, Raymond I. Franc, Marie K. Gee, Wai S. Cosse, Allard A. Grewell, Brenda J. Beck, John J. TI Volatile emissions from the flea beetle Altica litigata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) associated with invasive Ludwigia hexapetala SO CHEMOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Altica litigata; Coleoptera; Flea beetle; Himachalene-type sesquiterpenes; Ludwigia; Primrose-willow; Water primrose ID AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; PHYLLOTRETA-CRUCIFERAE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; HOST-SPECIFICITY; WATER PRIMROSE; ONAGRACEAE; SESQUITERPENES; RESISTANCE; CULTIVARS; PLANT AB The flea beetle Altica litigata (Chrysomelidae) is an insect herbivore to plants within the families Lythraceae and Onagraceae, including ornamentals such as crape myrtle, Lagerstroemia spp. This insect is important both as a pest species and as a naturally occurring biological control agent due to its aggregate feeding behavior, which typically results in severe defoliation of the host plant. Despite the negative economic impact to ornamentals and contrary benefits as a biological control agent, there are few reports on the semiochemical communication of this family of insects. Uruguayan primrose-willow (Ludwigia hexapetala) is an invasive aquatic weed in California and serves as a host to A. litigata. To better characterize this association, the volatile emissions of A. litigata were collected while the flea beetles were: in containers by themselves, in containers with L. hexapetala leaves, in situ on L. hexapetala leaves in a growth chamber, and in situ on L. hexapetala leaves in the field. For comparison, the volatile emissions of A. litigata associated with two subspecies of creeping water primrose (L. peploides) were also evaluated. Two himachalene-type sesquiterpenes, showing the same carbon skeleton as compounds previously reported from Aphthona flava and Epitrix fuscula, were detected as volatiles from A. litigata. C1 [Carruthers, Raymond I.; Franc, Marie K.; Gee, Wai S.; Cosse, Allard A.; Beck, John J.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Carruthers, Raymond I.; Franc, Marie K.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Cosse, Allard A.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Grewell, Brenda J.] ARS, USDA, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Beck, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.beck@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-42000-036-00, 5325-22000-024-00] FX The authors would like to thank Mike Wolder and Mike Carpenter of the Sacramento NWR for permission to collect beetle specimen and volatiles, and Joy Futrell (USDA-ARS, EIW) for assistance with chromosome analyses of Ludwigia taxa. Research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS projects 5325-42000-036-00 and 5325-22000-024-00. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0937-7409 J9 CHEMOECOLOGY JI Chemoecology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 4 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1007/s00049-011-0090-6 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849IM UT WOS:000297119200006 ER PT J AU Sgolastra, F Kemp, WP Buckner, JS Pitts-Singer, TL Maini, S Bosch, J AF Sgolastra, Fabio Kemp, William P. Buckner, James S. Pitts-Singer, Theresa L. Maini, Stefano Bosch, Jordi TI The long summer: Pre-wintering temperatures affect metabolic expenditure and winter survival in a solitary bee SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Osmia lignaria; Megachilidae; Energetic expenditure; Adult diapause; Climate change; Global warming ID OSMIA-LIGNARIA HYMENOPTERA; MEGACHILE-ROTUNDATA HYMENOPTERA; LIFE-HISTORY RESPONSES; GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREEN STINK BUG; INSECT DIAPAUSE; NEZARA-VIRIDULA; BODY-SIZE; EMERGENCE TIME; BUTTERFLIES AB The impact of climate change on insect populations depends on specific life cycle traits and physiological adaptations. The solitary bee Osmia lignaria winters as a pre-emergent adult, and requires a period of cold temperature for winter diapause completion. It is a univoltine species, and diapause induction does not depend on photoperiod. To understand the potential effects of longer summers on O. lignaria populations, we exposed individuals to three treatments simulating early, mid and late winter arrivals, and measured respiration rates, metabolic expenditure, weight loss, fat body depletion, lipid levels and winter mortality. The early-winter treatment disrupted diapause development, but had no apparent negative effects on fitness. In contrast, late-winter bees had a greater energetic expenditure (1.5-fold), weight (1.4-fold) and lipid (2-fold) loss, greater fat body depletion, and a 19% increase in mortality compared to mid-winter bees. We also monitored adult eclosion and arrival of winter temperatures under natural conditions in four years. We found a positive correlation between mean degree-day accumulation during pre-wintering (a measure of asynchrony between adult eclosion and winter arrival) and yearly winter mortality. Individually, bees experiencing greater degree-day accumulations exhibited reduced post-winter longevity. Timing of adult eclosion in O. lignaria is dependent on the duration of the prepupal period, which occurs in mid-summer, is also diapause-mediated, and is longer in populations from southerly latitudes. In a global warming scenario, we expect long summer diapause phenotypes to replace short summer diapause phenotypes, effectively maintaining short pre-wintering periods in spite of delayed winter arrivals. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sgolastra, Fabio; Maini, Stefano] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Agroambientali Entomol, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Kemp, William P.; Buckner, James S.] ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. [Pitts-Singer, Theresa L.] ARS, Pollinating Insects Biol Management & Systemat Re, USDA, Logan, UT USA. [Bosch, Jordi] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CREAF, Bellaterra, Spain. RP Sgolastra, F (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Sci & Tecnol Agroambientali Entomol, Viale G Fanin 42, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. EM fabio.sgolastra2@unibo.it OI Maini, Stefano/0000-0001-7272-1243; Bosch , Jordi/0000-0002-8088-9457; Sgolastra, Fabio/0000-0002-2845-8297 FU University of Bologna; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CSD2008-00040] FX We are very grateful to G. E. Trostle and S. Kalaskar (USDA-ARS, Logan, Utah) for their outstanding assistance throughout the study. J. P. Rinehart (USDA-ARS, Fargo, North Dakota) and J. M. Espelta (CREAF, Barcelona, Spain) reviewed a draft of the manuscript and made suggestions for its improvement. We very much appreciate the thoughtful comments of two anonymous reviewers. The study was partially supported by a Ph.D. scholarship from the University of Bologna to F. S., and the project Montes CSD2008-00040 of the Consolider-Ingenio program (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation) to J. B. NR 75 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 57 IS 12 BP 1651 EP 1659 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.08.017 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 847TY UT WOS:000296996600008 PM 21910996 ER PT J AU Dunn, RO AF Dunn, Robert O. TI Fuel Properties of Biodiesel/Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) Blends SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Blend ratio; Cloud point; Refractive index; Specific gravity; Kinematic viscosity ID METHYL-ESTERS; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; KINEMATIC VISCOSITY; LOW-TEMPERATURES; PALM OIL; COMPONENTS AB Biodiesel is an alternative fuel and fuel extender easily derived from vegetable oil or animal fat. In 2006, the US Environmental Protection Agency mandated that maximum sulfur content of diesel fuels be reduced to 15 ppm to protect catalysts employed in exhaust after-treatment devices. Processing to produce this ultra-low sulfur petrodiesel (ULSD) alters fuel lubricity, density, cold flow, viscosity, and other properties. Consequently, there is a need to develop a better understanding of the basic fuel properties of biodiesel/ULSD blends. This work evaluates the effects of biodiesel volumetric blend ratio (V (BD)) on cloud point (CP), kinematic viscosity (nu), specific gravity (SG), and refractive index (RI) of blends with petrodiesel. Properties measured for various blends of methyl esters of soybean oil (SME) and used cooking oil (UCOME) in ULSD were compared with those for blends with low sulfur (a parts per thousand currency sign500 ppm) petrodiesel fuel (LSD). With respect to increasing V (BD), CP and SG increased and RI decreased with each parameter demonstrating a linear correlation. In contrast, nu showed a curvilinear relationship with respect to increasing V (BD). Calibration curves were derived from regression analyses to determine V (BD) in biodiesel/ULSD blends from measurements of each individual property. While the models had generally high coefficients of regression (R (2) > 0.986), SG models were most accurate for predicting V (BD) to within 1.3 vol%. C1 ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Dunn, RO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. EM Robert.Dunn@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 88 IS 12 BP 1977 EP 1987 DI 10.1007/s11746-011-1871-3 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 849LY UT WOS:000297128200014 ER PT J AU Marsh, AP Rejeski, WJ Espeland, MA Miller, ME Church, TS Fielding, RA Gill, TM Guralnik, JM Newman, AB Pahor, M AF Marsh, Anthony P. Rejeski, W. Jack Espeland, Mark A. Miller, Michael E. Church, Timothy S. Fielding, Roger A. Gill, Thomas M. Guralnik, Jack M. Newman, Anne B. Pahor, Marco CA LIFE Study Investigators TI Muscle Strength and BMI as Predictors of Major Mobility Disability in the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders Pilot (LIFE-P) SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Physical disability; Physical activity; Older adults ID BODY-MASS INDEX; OLDER-ADULTS; PHYSICAL-DISABILITY; WEIGHT-LOSS; FAT MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; WALKING LIMITATION; HANDGRIP STRENGTH; WOMEN; OBESITY AB Muscle weakness and obesity are two significant threats to mobility facing the increasing number of older adults. To date, there are no studies that have examined the association of strength and body mass index (BMI) on event rates on a widely used performance measure of major mobility disability. This study was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial in which sedentary functionally limited participants (70-89 years, Short Physical Performance Battery < 9) who were able to complete a 400-m walk test at baseline were randomized to a physical activity or health education intervention and reassessed for major mobility disability every 6 months for up to 18 months. We evaluated whether baseline grip strength and BMI predicted failure to complete the 400-m walk test in 15 minutes or less (major mobility disability). Among N = 406 participants with baseline measures, lower grip strength was associated with an increased risk for developing major mobility disability, with and without covariate adjustment (p < .01): The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for the lowest versus high sex-specific quartile of grip strength was 6.11 (2.24-16.66). We observed a U-shaped relationship between baseline BMI and the risk of developing major mobility disability, such that the risk for participants with a BMI of 25-29 kg/m(2) was approximately half that of participants with BMI less than 25 or 30 kg/m(2) or more (p = .04 in fully adjusted analyses). Our data highlight the importance of muscle weakness, low BMI, and obesity as risk factors for major mobility disability in older adults. Being overweight may be protective for major mobility disability. C1 [Marsh, Anthony P.; Rejeski, W. Jack] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Espeland, Mark A.; Miller, Michael E.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Church, Timothy S.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Gill, Thomas M.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Guralnik, Jack M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Div Gerontol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Newman, Anne B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Newman, Anne B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Pahor, Marco] Univ Florida, Inst Aging, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Marsh, AP (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Hlth & Exercise Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. EM marshap@wfu.edu RI Newman, Anne/C-6408-2013; OI Newman, Anne/0000-0002-0106-1150; Kritchevsky, Stephen/0000-0003-3336-6781 FU Wake Forest University Claude D. Pepper Center National Institutes for Aging [P30 AG021332]; National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UO1 AG22376]; National Institute on Aging [K24AG021507] FX A.P.M., W.J.R., and M.E.M. are supported by the Wake Forest University Claude D. Pepper Center National Institutes for Aging (P30 AG021332). J.M.G. is supported in part by the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH). The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE-P) Pilot Study is funded by a National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging Cooperative Agreement #UO1 AG22376 and sponsored in part by the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH.; T.M.G. is the recipient of an National Institute on Aging Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24AG021507). NR 44 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 66 IS 12 BP 1376 EP 1383 DI 10.1093/gerona/glr158 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 848JZ UT WOS:000297049200013 PM 21975090 ER PT J AU Faris, JD Zhang, ZC Rasmussen, JB Friesen, TL AF Faris, Justin D. Zhang, Zengcui Rasmussen, Jack B. Friesen, Timothy L. TI Variable Expression of the Stagonospora nodorum Effector SnToxA Among Isolates Is Correlated with Levels of Disease in Wheat SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; HOST-SELECTIVE TOXINS; TAN SPOT; TSN1-TOXA INTERACTION; SENSITIVITY GENES; SEPTORIA DISEASES; RESISTANCE GENE; PTR TOXB; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TSN1 AB Most research on host-pathogen interactions is focused on mechanisms of resistance, but less is known regarding mechanisms of susceptibility. The wheat Stagonospora nodorum pathosystem involves pathogen-produced effectors, also known as host-selective toxins, that interact with corresponding dominant host genes to cause disease. Recognition of the S. nodorum effectors SnToxA and SnTox2 is mediated by the wheat genes Tsn1 and Snn2, respectively. Here, we inoculated a population of wheat recombinant inbred lines that segregates for Tsn1 and Snn2 with conidia from two S. nodorum isolates, Sn4 and Sn5, which both produce SnToxA and SnTox2 to compare the effects of compatible Tsn1-SnToxA and Snn2-SnTox2 interactions between the two isolates. Genetic analysis revealed that the two interactions contribute equally to disease caused by isolate Sn4 but the Tsn1 SnToxA interaction contributed substantially more to disease conferred by Sn5 than did the Snn2 SnTox2 interaction. Sequence analysis of the SnToxA locus from Sn4 and Sn5 indicated that they were 99.5% identical, with no polymorphisms in the coding region or the predicted promoters. Analysis of transcription levels showed that expression levels of SnToxA peaked at 26 h postinoculation for both isolates but SnToxA expression in Sn5 was more than twice that of Sn4. This work demonstrates that necrotrophic effectors of different isolates can be expressed at different levels in planta, and that higher levels of expression lead to increased levels of disease in the wheat S. nodorum pathosystem. C1 [Faris, Justin D.; Friesen, Timothy L.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Zhang, Zengcui; Rasmussen, Jack B.; Friesen, Timothy L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Faris, JD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Unit, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM justin.faris@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5442-22000-033-00D]; National Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2008-35301-19248]; Agricultural and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) from USDA NIFA [2009-04265] FX This research was supported by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5442-22000-033-00D and by the National Research Initiative competitive grant number 2008-35301-19248 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) to J. D. Faris and by the Agricultural and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) grant number 2009-04265 from USDA NIFA to T. L. Friesen. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1419 EP 1426 DI 10.1094/MPMI-04-11-0094 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 849PN UT WOS:000297137700002 PM 21770771 ER PT J AU Einum, S Nislow, KH McKelvey, S Armstrong, JD AF Einum, Sigurd Nislow, Keith H. McKelvey, Simon Armstrong, John D. TI The spatial scale of competition from recruits on an older cohort in Atlantic salmon SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Age structure; Density dependence; Exploitative; Interactive; Inter-cohort competition ID CORAL-REEF FISH; DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; BROWN TROUT; INTERCOHORT COMPETITION; COD POPULATIONS; SALAR; SIZE; SURVIVAL; STREAM; DYNAMICS AB Competitive effects of younger cohorts on older ones are frequently assumed to be negligible in species where older, larger individuals dominate in pairwise behavioural interactions. Here, we provide field estimates of such competition by recruits on an older age class in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), a species where observational studies have documented strong body size advantages which should favour older individuals in direct interactions. By creating realistic levels of spatial variation in the density of underyearling (YOY) recruits over a 1-km stretch of a stream, and obtaining accurate measurements of individual growth rates of overyearlings (parr) from capture-mark-recapture data on a fine spatial scale, we demonstrate that high YOY density can substantially decrease parr growth. Models integrating multiple spatial scales indicated that parr were influenced by YOY density within 16 m. The preferred model suggested parr daily mass increase to be reduced by 39% when increasing YOY density from 0.0 to 1.0 m(-2), which is well within the range of naturally occurring densities. Reduced juvenile growth rates will in general be expected to reduce juvenile survival (via increased length of exposure to freshwater mortality) and increase generation times (via increased age at seaward migrations). Thus, increased recruitment can significantly affect the performance of older cohorts, with important implications for population dynamics. Our results highlight that, even for the wide range of organisms that rely on defendable resources, the direction of competition among age classes cannot be assumed a priori or be inferred from behavioural observations alone. C1 [Einum, Sigurd] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Ctr Conservat Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Einum, Sigurd] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway. [Nislow, Keith H.] USDA, Forest Serv No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [McKelvey, Simon] Conon Dist Salmon Fisheries Board, Inverness IV2 3HF, Scotland. [Armstrong, John D.] Marine Scotland Sci Freshwater Lab, Pitlochry PH16 5LB, Perth, Scotland. RP Einum, S (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Ctr Conservat Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM sigurd.einum@bio.ntnu.no; knislow@fs.fed.us; CONONDSFB@aol.com; J.Armstrong@MARLAB.AC.UK FU Research Council of Norway FX We thank the landowner for permission to undertake this work, and Lynn Brydon, Tim Burton, Jason Henry, Per Harald Olsen, Pal Anders Martinussen, Zlatko Petrin, Dave Stewart and Mick Wyndham for technical assistance. Financial support was provided by the Research Council of Norway. This study was conducted in accordance with national animal care guidelines. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD DEC PY 2011 VL 167 IS 4 BP 1017 EP 1025 DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2055-4 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849OB UT WOS:000297133800014 PM 21710118 ER PT J AU Ewel, JJ Bigelow, SW AF Ewel, John J. Bigelow, Seth W. TI Tree species identity and interactions with neighbors determine nutrient leaching in model tropical forests SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Complementarity; Ecosystem functioning; Life-form richness; Nutrient retention; Phenology ID POTASSIUM-CALCIUM EXCHANGE; VOLCANIC-ASH SOILS; COSTA-RICA; ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY; USE EFFICIENCY; GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB An ecosystem containing a mixture of species that differ in phenology, morphology, and physiology might be expected to resist leaching of soil nutrients to a greater extent than one composed of a single species. We tested the effects of species identity and plant-life-form richness on nutrient leaching at a lowland tropical site where deep infiltration averages > 2 m year(-1). Three indigenous tree species with contrasting leafing phenologies (evergreen, dry-season deciduous, and wet-season deciduous) were grown in monoculture and together with two other life-forms with which they commonly occur in tropical forests: a palm and a giant, perennial herb. To calculate nutrient leaching over an 11-year period, concentrations of nutrients in soil water were multiplied by drainage rates estimated from a water balance. The effect of plant-life-form richness on retention differed according to tree species identity and nutrient. Nitrate retention was greater in polycultures of the dry-season deciduous tree species (mean of 7.4 kg ha(-1) year(-1) of NO(3)-N lost compared to 12.7 in monoculture), and calcium and magnesium retention were greater in polycultures of the evergreen and wet-season deciduous tree species. Complementary use of light led to intensification of soil exploitation by roots, the main agent responsible for enhanced nutrient retention in some polycultures. Other mechanisms included differences in nutrient demand among species, and avoidance of catastrophic failure due to episodic weather events or pest outbreaks. Even unrealistically simple multi-life-form mimics of tropical forest can safeguard a site's nutrient capital if careful attention is paid to species' characteristics and temporal changes in interspecific interactions. C1 [Ewel, John J.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bigelow, Seth W.] USDA, FS Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Ewel, JJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jackewel@ufl.edu FU US National Science Foundation; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; US Forest Service FX We thank J. Baldwin for statistical advice and analyses; L. Bouman for soil characterization; G. Celis-Azofeifa for graphics; D. A. Clark for proofed and gap-filled daily solar radiation data; T. Cole for data management; K. Epps for modeling of hourly radiation and temperature data; J.P. Haggar, M. Cifuentes, A. Hiremath, J. Perez and R. Bedoya for field and laboratory work execution and supervision; A. Weitz for soil physical parameters; Organization for Tropical Studies, Inc. for use of the field site and logistical support; and M. Busse, N. Comerford, M.J. Mazzarino, L. Schreeg, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. This research was supported by the US National Science Foundation, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and the US Forest Service. NR 64 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD DEC PY 2011 VL 167 IS 4 BP 1127 EP 1140 DI 10.1007/s00442-011-2052-7 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 849OB UT WOS:000297133800024 PM 21691855 ER PT J AU Ferreira, JFS Peaden, P Keiser, J AF Ferreira, Jorge F. S. Peaden, Paul Keiser, Jennifer TI In vitro trematocidal effects of crude alcoholic extracts of Artemisia annua, A. absinthium, Asimina triloba, and Fumaria officinalis SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FASCIOLA-HEPATICA; ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; ETHANOL EXTRACT; L. LEAVES; FLAVONOIDS; SHEEP; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; TRICLABENDAZOLE; SPECTROMETRY AB Trematode infections negatively affect human and livestock health, and threaten global food safety. The only approved human anthelmintics for trematodiasis are triclabendazole and praziquantel with no alternative drugs in sight. We tested six crude plant extracts against adult Schistosoma mansoni, Fasciola hepatica, and Echinostoma caproni in vitro. Mortality was best achieved by ethanolic extracts of Artemisia annua (sweet Annie), Asimina triloba (paw-paw), and Artemisia absinthium (wormwood) which, at 2 mg/mL, killed S. mansoni and E. caproni in 20 h or less (except for wormwood), F. hepatica between 16 and 23 h (sweet Annie), or 40 h (paw-paw). Some extracts were active at 0.2 mg/mL and 20 mu g/mL, although more time was required to kill trematodes. However, aqueous A. annua and methanol extracts of Fumaria officinalis had no activity. Chromatographic analysis of the three best extracts established that A. annua and A. triloba extracts contained bioactive artemisinin and acetogenins (asimicin and bullatacin), respectively. The anthelmintic activity of our extracts at such low doses indicates that their anthelmintic activity deserves further testing as natural alternative controls for parasites of both animals and humans. Our results also support recent evidence that synergistic effects of multiple bioactive compounds present in crude plant extracts is worth exploring. C1 [Ferreira, Jorge F. S.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Peaden, Paul] Nat Sunshine Prod, Spanish Fork, UT 84660 USA. [Keiser, Jennifer] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Med Parasitol & Infect Biol, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. [Keiser, Jennifer] Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. RP Ferreira, JFS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. EM Jorge.Ferreira@ars.usda.gov FU Swiss National Science Foundation [PPOOA-114941] FX J. Keiser is grateful to the Swiss National Science Foundation for financial support (project no. PPOOA-114941). Acknowledgments are also due to Mr. Barry Harter (USDA-ARS) for the preparation of the crude plant extracts and assistance with graph preparation, to Mr. Robert Arnold for F. officinalis cultivation, and to Mrs. Mireille Vargas for expert help with the in vitro studies. NR 41 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 109 IS 6 BP 1585 EP 1592 DI 10.1007/s00436-011-2418-0 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 850CE UT WOS:000297171200013 PM 21562762 ER PT J AU Liu, YL Lou, Q Xu, WR Xin, Y Bassett, C Wang, YJ AF Liu, Yali Lou, Qian Xu, Weirong Xin, Yi Bassett, Carole Wang, Yuejin TI Characterization of a chalcone synthase (CHS) flower-specific promoter from Lilium orential 'Sorbonne' SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Lilium orential 'Sorbonne'; CHS; GUS; Petunia hybrida; Flower development ID PETUNIA-HYBRIDA; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; GENE-EXPRESSION; GERBERA-HYBRIDA; PROTEIN; SUPERFAMILY; ELEMENTS; FAMILY; REGION AB The first enzyme in the flavonoid pathway, chalcone synthase, is encoded by a gene (CHS) whose expression is normally under developmental control. In our previous studies, an 896-bp promoter region of a flower-specific CHS gene was isolated from Lilium orential 'Sorbonne', and designated as PLoCHS. Here, the PLoCHS promoter was fused to the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene to characterize its spatial and temporal expression in Petunia hybrida 'Dreams Midnight' using an Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc transformation method. Our results demonstrated that GUS expression was present in flowers, but reduced or absent in the other tissues (leaf and stem) examined. In petals, GUS activity reached its peak at flower developmental stage 4, and decreased at later stages. Deletion analysis indicated that even a 307-bp fragment of the PLoCHS promoter could still direct flower-specific expression. Further deletion of the region from -261 to -72 bp resulted in weak expression in different organs, including flowers, leaves and stems. This evidence combined with prediction of cis-acting elements in the PLoCHS promoter suggests that the TACPyAT box located in this promoter plays a key role in the regulation of organ-specific expression. C1 [Liu, Yali; Xin, Yi] NW A&F Univ, Coll Forestry, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yali; Lou, Qian; Xu, Weirong; Xin, Yi; Wang, Yuejin] Minist Agr, Key Lab Hort Plant Germplasm Utilizat NW China, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yali; Lou, Qian; Xu, Weirong; Xin, Yi; Wang, Yuejin] NW A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Lou, Qian; Xu, Weirong; Wang, Yuejin] NW A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Bassett, Carole] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Liu, YL (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Coll Forestry, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM lyl6151@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30871734] FX We would like to thank Li Li for helpful suggestions. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no: 30871734). NR 36 TC 12 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 12 BP 2187 EP 2194 DI 10.1007/s00299-011-1124-9 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 849VC UT WOS:000297152400004 PM 21800100 ER PT J AU Xu, L Eicher, SD Applegate, TJ AF Xu, L. Eicher, S. D. Applegate, T. J. TI Effects of increasing dietary concentrations of corn naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol on broiler and turkey poult performance and response to lipopolysaccharide SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE deoxynivalenol; lipopolysaccharide; broiler; turkey; innate immunity ID FUSARIUM MYCOTOXINS; (VOMITOXIN)-CONTAMINATED WHEAT; TRICHOTHECENE VOMITOXIN; GROWING CHICKS; WHITE LEGHORN; T-2 TOXIN; COMPLEMENT; MODULATION; EXPRESSION; IL-1-BETA AB In this study, 2 experiments determined the effects of increasing dietary concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) on performance, intestinal morphology, and measures of innate immunity in broilers and turkeys. For experiment 1, the 3-wk study used 5 concentrations of DON (up to 18 or 10 mg of DON/kg of feed in broilers or turkeys, respectively) from naturally contaminated corn. The BW gains were cubically or quadratically affected by the increasing dietary concentrations of DON for broilers and turkeys, respectively; however, feed consumption was not affected. For experiment 2, the birds were subsequently injected or not injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 24 h before tissue and blood sample collection. Dietary DON had no effect on intestinal crypt depth, but linearly increased the mid-ileal villus height in broilers (P = 0.04). An interaction was observed between the LPS challenge and the dietary DON with regards to heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.05) in broilers, but not in turkeys. The cecal tonsil cell phagocytosis of microbeads was not affected by the dietary concentration of DON either with or without the subsequent LPS challenge for both broilers and turkeys. Conversely, the phagocytic capacity of cecal tonsil cells to engulf killed Staphylococcus aureus was significantly reduced (over 2.5-fold) when broilers were fed the highest concentration of dietary DON (non-LPS-challenged; P < 0.05). However, diets containing DON showed no effects on broilers when they were challenged with LPS. Antibody-dependent phagocytosis (S. aureus) was not affected in turkeys fed DON. Overall, corn naturally contaminated with up to 18 or 10 mg/kg of DON (broiler or turkey, respectively) reduced bird BW gain at 21 d of age, reduced antibody-dependent phagocytosis of previously killed S. aureus by cecal tonsil cells in non-LPS-challenged broilers, and greatly decreased heterophil to lymphocyte ratios in LPS-challenged broilers. C1 [Xu, L.; Applegate, T. J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Eicher, S. D.] ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Applegate, TJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM applegt@purdue.edu OI Applegate, Todd/0000-0002-2406-5058 NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 12 BP 2766 EP 2774 DI 10.3382/ps.2011-01654 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 847FI UT WOS:000296956900012 PM 22080015 ER PT J AU Wang, ML Sukumaran, S Barkley, NA Chen, ZB Chen, CY Guo, BZ Pittman, RN Stalker, HT Holbrook, CC Pederson, GA Yu, JM AF Wang, Ming Li Sukumaran, Sivakumar Barkley, Noelle A. Chen, Zhenbang Chen, Charles Y. Guo, Baozhu Pittman, Roy N. Stalker, H. Thomas Holbrook, C. Corley Pederson, Gary A. Yu, Jianming TI Population structure and marker-trait association analysis of the US peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) mini-core collection SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH OLEATE TRAIT; SPATIAL GENETIC-STRUCTURE; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; CULTIVATED PEANUT; GERMPLASM COLLECTION; RESVERATROL; DESATURASE; GENOME; OIL; DIVERSITY AB Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most important oilseed and nutritional crops in the world. To efficiently utilize the germplasm collection, a peanut mini-core containing 112 accessions was established in the United States. To determine the population structure and its impact on marker-trait association, this mini-core collection was assessed by genotyping 94 accessions with 81 SSR markers and two functional SNP markers from fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2). Seed quality traits (including oil content, fatty acid composition, flavonoids, and resveratrol) were obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography (GC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Genetic diversity and population structure analysis identified four major subpopulations that are related to four botanical varieties. Model comparison with different levels of population structure and kinship control was conducted for each trait and association analyses with the selected models verified that the functional SNP from the FAD2A gene is significantly associated with oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and oleic-to-linoleic (O/L) ratio across this diverse collection. Even though the allele distribution of FAD2A was structured among the four subpopulations, the effect of FAD2A gene remained significant after controlling population structure and had a likelihood-ratio-based R (2) (R (LR) (2) ) value of 0.05 (oleic acid), 0.09 (linoleic acid), and 0.07 (O/L ratio) because the FAD2A alleles were not completely fixed within subpopulations. Our genetic analysis demonstrated that this peanut mini-core panel is suitable for association mapping. Phenotypic characterization for seed quality traits and association testing of the functional SNP from FAD2A gene provided information for further breeding and genetic research. C1 [Wang, Ming Li; Barkley, Noelle A.; Pittman, Roy N.; Pederson, Gary A.] USDA ARS, PGRCU, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Sukumaran, Sivakumar; Yu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Zhenbang] Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dept, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Chen, Charles Y.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. [Guo, Baozhu] USDA ARS, CPMRU, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Stalker, H. Thomas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Holbrook, C. Corley] USDA ARS, CGBRU, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Wang, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, PGRCU, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM mingli.wang@ars.usda.gov; jyu@ksu.edu RI Barkley, Noelle/C-5815-2008; OI Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099; Sukumaran, Sivakumar/0000-0003-4088-4624 NR 59 TC 30 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 123 IS 8 BP 1307 EP 1317 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1668-7 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 849WC UT WOS:000297155000005 PM 21822942 ER PT J AU Buriev, ZT Saha, S Shermatov, SE Jenkins, JN Abdukarimov, A Stelly, DM Abdurakhmonov, IY AF Buriev, Zabardast T. Saha, Sukumar Shermatov, Shukhrat E. Jenkins, Johnie N. Abdukarimov, Abdusattor Stelly, David M. Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim Y. TI Molecular evolution of the clustered MIC-3 multigene family of Gossypium species SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID COTTON GOSSYPIUM; GENE CONVERSION; HIRSUTUM L.; CONCERTED EVOLUTION; DEATH EVOLUTION; NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION; PURIFYING SELECTION; SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; RESISTANCE LOCUS; POLYPLOID COTTON AB The Gossypium MIC-3 (Meloidogyne Induced Cotton-3) gene family is of great interest for molecular evolutionary studies because of its uniqueness to Gossypium species, multi-gene content, clustered localization, and root-knot nematode resistance-associated features. Molecular evolution of the MIC-3 gene family was studied in 15 tetraploid and diploid Gossypium genotypes that collectively represent seven phylogenetically distinct genomes. Synonymous (d(S)) and non-synonymous (d(N)) nucleotide substitution rates suggest that the second of the two exons of the MIC-3 genes has been under strong positive selection pressure, while the first exon has been under strong purifying selection to preserve function. Based on nucleotide substitution rates, we conclude that MIC-3 genes are evolving by a birth-and-death process and that a 'gene amplification' mechanism has helped to retain all duplicate copies, which best fits with the "bait and switch" model of R-gene evolution. The data indicate MIC-3 gene duplication events occurred at various rates, once per 1 million years (MY) in the allotetraploids, once per similar to 2 MY in the A/F genome clade, and once per similar to 8 MY in the D-genome clade. Variations in the MIC-3 gene family seem to reflect evolutionary selection for increased functional stability, while also expanding the capacity to develop novel "switch" pockets for responding to diverse pests and pathogens. Such evolutionary roles are congruent with the hypothesis that members of this unique resistance gene family provide fitness advantages in Gossypium. C1 [Buriev, Zabardast T.; Shermatov, Shukhrat E.; Abdukarimov, Abdusattor; Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim Y.] Acad Sci Uzbek, Ctr Genom Technol, Inst Genet & Plant Expt Biol, Tashkent 111226, Qibray Region, Uzbekistan. [Saha, Sukumar; Jenkins, Johnie N.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Stelly, David M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Abdurakhmonov, IY (reprint author), Acad Sci Uzbek, Ctr Genom Technol, Inst Genet & Plant Expt Biol, Tashkent 111226, Qibray Region, Uzbekistan. EM genomics@uzsci.net RI Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim/F-5588-2015; OI Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim/0000-0001-9563-0686; Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119 FU Office of International Research Programs, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [UZB2-31017-TA-09] FX The authors thank Brian E. Scheffler and his lab members for their help in sequencing. We thank Eric J. Devor, Iowa State University, for his critical review and thorough editing of the manuscript. The authors thank the Office of International Research Programs, U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) for funding this study under research grant of UZB2-31017-TA-09 and U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF) for project coordination. The authors thank anonymous reviewer(s) and editor of the manuscript for valuable suggestions. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 123 IS 8 BP 1359 EP 1373 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1672-y PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 849WC UT WOS:000297155000009 PM 21850479 ER PT J AU Gutierrez-Gonzalez, JJ Vuong, TD Zhong, R Yu, O Lee, JD Shannon, G Ellersieck, M Nguyen, HT Sleper, DA AF Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan J. Vuong, Tri D. Zhong, Rui Yu, Oliver Lee, Jeong-Dong Shannon, Grover Ellersieck, Mark Nguyen, Henry T. Sleper, David A. TI Major locus and other novel additive and epistatic loci involved in modulation of isoflavone concentration in soybean seeds SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CYST-NEMATODE; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; PHYTOPHTHORA-SOJAE; COMPLEX TRAITS; LINKAGE MAP; RESISTANCE; ENVIRONMENT; QTL AB Seeds of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accumulate more isoflavones than any tissue of any plant species. In other plant parts, isoflavones are usually released to counteract the effects of various biotic and abiotic stresses. Because of the benefits to the plant and positive implications that consumption may have on human health, increasing isoflavones is a goal of many soybean breeding programs. However, altering isoflavone levels through marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been impractical due to the small and often environmentally variable contributions that each individual quantitative trait locus (QTL) has on total isoflavones. In this study, we developed a Magellan x PI 437654 F(7)-RIL population to construct a highly saturated non-redundant linkage map that encompassed 451 SNP and SSR molecular markers and used it to locate genomic regions that govern accumulation of isoflavones in the seeds of soybean. Five QTLs were found that contribute to the concentration of isoflavones, having single or multiple additive effects on isoflavone component traits. We also validated a major locus which alone accounted for up to 10% of the phenotypic variance for glycitein, and 35-37% for genistein, daidzein and the sum of all three soybean isoflavones. This QTL was consistently associated with increased concentration of isoflavones across different locations, years and crosses. It was the most important QTL in terms of net increased amounts of all isoflavone forms. Our results suggest that this locus would be an excellent candidate to target for MAS. Also, several minor QTLs were identified that interacted in an additive-by-additive epistatic manner, to increase isoflavone concentration. C1 [Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan J.; Vuong, Tri D.; Shannon, Grover; Nguyen, Henry T.; Sleper, David A.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan J.; Vuong, Tri D.; Shannon, Grover; Nguyen, Henry T.; Sleper, David A.] Univ Missouri, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Zhong, Rui; Yu, Oliver] Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Gutierrez-Gonzalez, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. OI Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Juan/0000-0002-6795-6192 FU DOE [DE-SC0001295]; NSF [MCB-0923779]; USDA [2010-65116-20514] FX The authors thank Dr Jason D. Gillman for his contribution and fruitful discussions. This work was supported in part by grants from DOE (DE-SC0001295), NSF (MCB-0923779) and USDA (2010-65116-20514) to O.Y. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 123 IS 8 BP 1375 EP 1385 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1673-x PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 849WC UT WOS:000297155000010 PM 21850478 ER PT J AU Hao, YF Chen, ZB Wang, YY Bland, D Buck, J Brown-Guedira, G Johnson, J AF Hao, Yuanfeng Chen, Zhenbang Wang, Yingying Bland, Dan Buck, James Brown-Guedira, Gina Johnson, Jerry TI Characterization of a major QTL for adult plant resistance to stripe rust in US soft red winter wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; UNITED-STATES; LEAF RUST; DURABLE RESISTANCE; YR17 RESISTANCE; MARKERS; TEMPERATURE; VIRULENCE; DISEASE AB Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is an important disease of soft red winter wheat in the eastern region of the USA. Pioneer 26R61 has provided effective resistance to stripe rust for 10 years. To elucidate the genetic basis of the resistance, a mapping population of 178 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed using single-seed descent from a cross between Pioneer 26R61 and the susceptible cultivar AGS 2000. A genetic map with 895 markers covering all 21 chromosomes was used for QTL analysis. One major QTL was detected, explaining up to 56.0% of the mean phenotypic variation, flanked by markers Xbarc124 and Xgwm359, and assigned to the distal 22% of the short arm of wheat chromosome 2A. Evidence showed that it was different from Yr17 derived from Ae. ventricosa, the only formally named Yr gene in 2AS, and the QTL was temporarily designated as YrR61. In addition, a minor QTL, QYr.uga-6AS, probably conditioned high-temperature adult plant resistance. The QTL explained 6-7% of the trait variation. Preliminary test of the flanking markers for YrR61, in two cultivars and two promising breeding lines with Pioneer 26R61 in their pedigree, indicated that YrR61 was present in these cultivars and lines, and these markers could therefore be used in marker-assisted selection. C1 [Hao, Yuanfeng; Chen, Zhenbang; Wang, Yingying; Bland, Dan; Johnson, Jerry] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Buck, James] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS Plant Sci Res, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Johnson, J (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM jjohnso@uga.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, CAP [2006-55606-16629] FX This research was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, CAP Grant No. 2006-55606-16629. The authors thank Dr. Xianming Chen, Wheat Genetics, Quality Physiology and Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA, for kindly providing NILs for Yr17, and also acknowledge the help of Dr. Shengchu Wang, Department of Statistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA, for suggestive instructions in using Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5 software. The authors are also very grateful to Dr. R. A. McIntosh, Plant Breeding Institute, the University of Sydney, Australia, for critical reviews of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 123 IS 8 BP 1401 EP 1411 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1675-8 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 849WC UT WOS:000297155000012 PM 21830107 ER PT J AU Carreiro, MM Zipperer, WC AF Carreiro, Margaret M. Zipperer, Wayne C. TI Co-adapting societal and ecological interactions following large disturbances in urban park woodlands SO AUSTRAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive cycle; disturbance; panarchy; resilience; social-ecological system; urban ecology; urban park ID SYSTEMS; RESILIENCE; MANAGEMENT; HISTORY AB The responses of urban park woodlands to large disturbances provide the opportunity to identify and examine linkages in social-ecological systems in urban landscapes. We propose that the Panarchy model consisting of hierarchically nested adaptive cycles provides a useful framework to evaluate those linkages. We use two case studies as examples Cherokee Park in Louisville, Kentucky, USA and Tijuca Forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In the Cherokee Park case study, the disturbance, a destructive tornado, triggered bottom-up societal responses that created new institutions that influenced park management and shifted the woodland community from a successional pathway dominated by invasive exotic plants to one where native plant species are regaining importance. In the Tijuca Forest example, the disturbance, large scale land-use changes during the 18th century, triggered primarily top-down societal responses to create the world's largest urban forest through a transformative programme of intensive multispecies forest replanting and management. Currently, fine scale disturbances primarily anthropogenically caused fire threaten portions of Tijuca Forest through loss of forest structure and establishment of flammable invasive plants, and again elicited top-down societal responses to stop further destruction and promote greater native plant regeneration. These case studies illustrate that either natural or anthropogenic disturbances to natural systems can alter the direction and magnitude of interactions between social and natural domains in urban landscapes in a co-adaptive manner that alters structures and processes in both system components. C1 [Carreiro, Margaret M.] Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Zipperer, Wayne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Carreiro, MM (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Dept Biol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. EM m.carreiro@louisville.edu NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1442-9985 J9 AUSTRAL ECOL JI Austral Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 8 BP 904 EP 915 DI 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2010.02237.x PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 853FD UT WOS:000297410700003 ER PT J AU Bestelmeyer, BT Ellison, AM Fraser, WR Gorman, KB Holbrook, SJ Laney, CM Ohman, MD Peters, DPC Pillsbury, FC Rassweiler, A Schmitt, RJ Sharma, S AF Bestelmeyer, Brandon T. Ellison, Aaron M. Fraser, William R. Gorman, Kristen B. Holbrook, Sally J. Laney, Christine M. Ohman, Mark D. Peters, Debra P. C. Pillsbury, Finn C. Rassweiler, Andrew Schmitt, Russell J. Sharma, Sapna TI Analysis of abrupt transitions in ecological systems SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE alternative states; Bouteloua eriopoda; desert grassland; krill; leading indicators; Nyctiphanes simplex; Pachythyone rubra; penguins; Pygoscelis; regime shifts; sea cucumbers; thresholds AB The occurrence and causes of abrupt transitions, thresholds, or regime shifts between ecosystem states are of great concern and the likelihood of such transitions is increasing for many ecological systems. General understanding of abrupt transitions has been advanced by theory, but hindered by the lack of a common, accessible, and data-driven approach to characterizing them. We apply such an approach to 30-60 years of data on environmental drivers, biological responses, and associated evidence from pelagic ocean, coastal benthic, polar marine, and semi-arid grassland ecosystems. Our analyses revealed one case in which the response (krill abundance) linearly tracked abrupt changes in the driver (Pacific Decadal Oscillation), but abrupt transitions detected in the three other cases (sea cucumber abundance, penguin abundance, and black grama grass production) exhibited hysteretic relationships with drivers (wave intensity, sea-ice duration, and amounts of monsoonal rainfall, respectively) through a variety of response mechanisms. The use of a common approach across these case studies illustrates that: the utility of leading indicators is often limited and can depend on the abruptness of a transition relative to the lifespan of responsive organisms and observation intervals; information on spatiotemporal context is useful for comparing transitions; and ancillary information from associated experiments and observations aids interpretation of response-driver relationships. The understanding of abrupt transitions offered by this approach provides information that can be used to manage state changes C1 [Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.; Peters, Debra P. C.; Pillsbury, Finn C.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ellison, Aaron M.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. [Fraser, William R.; Gorman, Kristen B.] Polar Oceans Res Grp, Sheridan, MT 59749 USA. [Gorman, Kristen B.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Holbrook, Sally J.; Schmitt, Russell J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Laney, Christine M.] Univ Texas El Paso, Environm Sci & Engn Program, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Ohman, Mark D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Holbrook, Sally J.; Rassweiler, Andrew; Schmitt, Russell J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Sharma, Sapna] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bestelmeyer, BT (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, MSC 3JER Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM bbestelm@nmsu.edu RI Laney, Christine/B-7867-2010 OI Rassweiler, Andrew/0000-0002-8760-3888; Laney, Christine/0000-0002-4944-2083 FU NSF LTER [08-23101]; Harvard University [06-20443]; New Mexico State University [06-18210]; UC San Diego [04-17616]; UC Santa Barbara [06-20276]; University of Wisconsin [08-22700]; NSF [08-32652]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX Support for this work was provided by NSF LTER awards to the Ecosystems Center of the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole (08-23101), Harvard University (06-20443), New Mexico State University (06-18210), UC San Diego (04-17616), UC Santa Barbara (06-20276), the University of Wisconsin (08-22700), an NSF contract to the LTER Network Office at the University of New Mexico (08-32652), and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). The LTER EcoTrends project, the LTER Network Office, and Laurie Chiasson at Harvard Forest supported the data synthesis efforts. The California Current System data were collected in part with the assistance of A. Townsend (Scripps Institution of Oceanography Pelagic Invertebrates Collection) and the late E. Brinton. Collection of the Southern California Rocky Reef data prior to 2000 was supported by NSF awards to RJS and SJH. The Jornada Experimental Range data collection and synthesis was supported by staff of the USDA Agricultural Research Service. The authors thank Ben Baiser, Audrey Barker-Plotkin, Elizabeth Crone, Elizabeth Farnsworth, David Foster, Brian Hall, Dave Orwig, Sydne Record, Kristina Stinson, and Jack Williams for helpful discussions and comments on early versions of the manuscript. NR 115 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 8 U2 73 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 12 AR UNSP 129 DI 10.1890/ES11-00216.1 PG 26 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30JC UT WOS:000208811300001 ER PT J AU Dillon, GK Holden, ZA Morgan, P Crimmins, MA Heyerdahl, EK Luce, CH AF Dillon, Gregory K. Holden, Zachary A. Morgan, Penelope Crimmins, Michael A. Heyerdahl, Emily K. Luce, Charles H. TI Both topography and climate affected forest and woodland burn severity in two regions of the western US, 1984 to 2006 SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE ecological change detection; fire ecology; Landsat TM; northwestern United States; Random Forests; relative differenced normalized burn ratio (RdNBR); remote sensing; southwestern United States; wildland fire AB Fire is a keystone process in many ecosystems of western North America. Severe fires kill and consume large amounts of above- and belowground biomass and affect soils, resulting in long-lasting consequences for vegetation, aquatic ecosystem productivity and diversity, and other ecosystem properties. We analyzed the occurrence of, and trends in, satellite-derived burn severity across six ecoregions in the Southwest and Northwest regions of the United States from 1984 to 2006 using data from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity project. Using 1,024 fires from the Northwest (4,311,871 ha) and 497 fires from the Southwest (1,434,670 ha), we examined the relative influence of fine-scale topography and coarse-scale weather and climate on burn severity (the degree of change from before the fire to one year after) using the Random Forest machine learning algorithm. Together, topography, climate, and weather explained severe fire occurrence with classification accuracies ranging from 68% to 84%. Topographic variables were relatively more important predictors of severe fire occurrence than either climate or weather variables. Predictability of severe fire was consistently lower during years with widespread fires, suggesting that local control exerted by topography may be overwhelmed by regional climatic controls when fires burn in dry conditions. Annually, area burned severely was strongly correlated with area burned in all ecoregions (Pearson's correlation 0.86-0.97; p < 0.001), while the proportion of area burned severely was significantly correlated with area burned only in two ecoregions (p <= 0.037). During our short time series, only ecoregions in the Southwest showed evidence of a significant increase (p <= 0.036) in annual area burned and area burned severely, and annual proportion burned severely increased in just one of the three Southwest ecoregions. We suggest that predictive mapping of the potential for severe fire is possible, and will be improved with climate data at the scale of the topographic and Landsat-derived burn severity data. Although severity is a value-laden term implying negative ecosystem effects, we stress that severity can be objectively measured and recognize that high severity fire is an important ecological process within the historical range of variability in some ecosystems. C1 [Dillon, Gregory K.; Heyerdahl, Emily K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Holden, Zachary A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Morgan, Penelope] Univ Idaho, Wildland Fire Program, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Morgan, Penelope] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Crimmins, Michael A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Luce, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Dillon, GK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM gdillon@fs.fed.us RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008 OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662 FU Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture [06-JV-11221648-191]; Joint Fire Science Program [09-1-07-4] FX This research was supported in part by funds provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, through Research Joint Venture Agreement 06-JV-11221648-191, and by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project 09-1-07-4). We appreciate the assistance of Jennifer Lecker and others at the USDA Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Center with MTBS data, Eric Gdula at Grand Canyon National Park with field data, and Andy Wood at the NOAA-NWS Colorado Basin River Forecast Center with soil moisture data. We appreciate the statistical advice of David Affleck at the University of Montana and L. Scott Baggett at the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. Andrew Hudak, Bob Keane, and two anonymous reviewers provided useful comments. NR 103 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 8 U2 26 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 12 AR UNSP 130 DI 10.1890/ES11-00271.1 PG 33 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30JC UT WOS:000208811300002 ER PT J AU Loehman, RA Clark, JA Keane, RE AF Loehman, Rachel A. Clark, Jason A. Keane, Robert E. TI Modeling Effects of Climate Change and Fire Management on Western White Pine (Pinus monticola) in the Northern Rocky Mountains, USA SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE climate change; fire; mechanistic model; management; Strobus AB Climate change is projected to profoundly influence vegetation patterns and community compositions, either directly through increased species mortality and shifts in species distributions or indirectly through disturbance dynamics such as increased wildfire activity and extent, shifting fire regimes, and pathogenesis. Mountainous landscapes have been shown to be particularly sensitive to climate changes and are likely to experience significant impacts under predicted future climate regimes. Western white pine (Pinus monticola), a five-needle pine species that forms the most diverse of the white pine forest cover types in the western United States, is vulnerable to an interacting suite of threats that includes climate change, fire suppression, white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola), and mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) that have already caused major changes in species distribution and abundance. We used the mechanistic simulation model FireBGCv2 to simulate effects of climate change and fire management on western white pines in a mountainous watershed in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Our results suggest that warming temperatures favor increased abundance of western white pine over existing climax and shade tolerant species in the study area, mainly because warmer conditions potentiate fire dynamics, including increased wildfire frequency and extent, which facilitates regeneration. Suppression of wildfires reduced the area dominated by western white pine, but fire suppression was less effective at limiting burned area extent and fire frequency in a warmer and drier climate. Wildfires created canopy gaps that allowed for western white pine regeneration at a high enough rate to escape local extirpation from white pine blister rust. Western white pine appears to be a resilient species even under fairly extreme warming trajectories and shifting fire regimes, and may provide a hedge against vegetation community shifts away from forest types and toward grass and shrublands. C1 [Loehman, Rachel A.; Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. [Clark, Jason A.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. RP Loehman, RA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 West US Hwy 10, Missoula, MT 59804 USA. EM raloehman@fs.fed.us; jason.a.clark@yale.edu; rkeane@fs.fed.us OI Clark, Jason/0000-0002-4810-5261 FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [JFSP 09-3-01-17] FX This research was funded in part by the Joint Fire Sciences Program under Project JFSP 09-3-01-17. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the large number of skilled researchers, ecologists, and biological technicians who have participated in many phases of this research. In particular, we thank Alisa Keyser (UC Merced), Dan Fagre (USGS), Matt Rollins (USGS), Isaac Grenfell (USFS), and Emily Schembra (USFS). NR 98 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 32 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 4 BP 832 EP 860 DI 10.3390/f2040832 PG 29 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA V28BW UT WOS:000208657300002 ER PT J AU Hotto, AM Schmitz, RJ Fei, ZJ Ecker, JR Stern, DB AF Hotto, Amber M. Schmitz, Robert J. Fei, Zhangjun Ecker, Joseph R. Stern, David B. TI Unexpected Diversity of Chloroplast Noncoding RNAs as Revealed by Deep Sequencing of the Arabidopsis Transcriptome SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE RNA-Seq; posttranscriptional regulation; transcription; organelle; plastid ID NATURAL ANTISENSE TRANSCRIPTS; MESSENGER-RNA; POLYNUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHORYLASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; IDENTIFICATION; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; THALIANA; GENOME AB Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) are widely expressed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Eukaryotic ncRNAs are commonly micro-and small-interfering RNAs (18-25 nt) involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing, whereas prokaryotic ncRNAs vary in size and are involved in various aspects of gene regulation. Given the prokaryotic origin of organelles, the presence of ncRNAs might be expected; however, the full spectrum of organellar ncRNAs has not been determined systematically. Here, strand-specific RNA-Seq analysis was used to identify 107 candidate ncRNAs from Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts, primarily encoded opposite protein-coding and tRNA genes. Forty-eight ncRNAs were shown to accumulate by RNA gel blot as discrete transcripts in wild-type (WT) plants and/or the pnp1-1 mutant, which lacks the chloroplast ribonuclease polynucleotide phosphorylase (cpPNPase). Ninety-eight percent of the ncRNAs detected by RNA gel blot had different transcript patterns between WT and pnp1-1, suggesting cpPNPase has a significant role in chloroplast ncRNA biogenesis and accumulation. Analysis of materials deficient for other major chloroplast ribonucleases, RNase R, RNase E, and RNase J, showed differential effects on ncRNA accumulation and/or form, suggesting specificity in RNase-ncRNA interactions. 59 end mapping demonstrates that some ncRNAs are transcribed from dedicated promoters, whereas others result from transcriptional read-through. Finally, correlations between accumulation of some ncRNAs and the symmetrically transcribed sense RNA are consistent with a role in RNA stability. Overall, our data suggest that this extensive population of ncRNAs has the potential to underpin a previously underappreciated regulatory mode in the chloroplast. C1 [Hotto, Amber M.; Fei, Zhangjun; Stern, David B.] ARS, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Schmitz, Robert J.; Ecker, Joseph R.] Salk Inst Biol Studies, Plant Biol & Genom Anal Labs, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Ecker, Joseph R.] Salk Inst Biol Studies, Howard Hughes Med Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Stern, DB (reprint author), ARS, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, USDA, Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ds28@cornell.edu RI Ecker, Joseph/B-9144-2008 OI Ecker, Joseph/0000-0001-5799-5895 FU U.S. Department of Energy [FG02-90ER20015, DE-FG02-08ER15517]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0929402]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF); Mary K. Chapman Foundation; NIH National Research Service [F32-HG004830] FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy awards FG02-90ER20015 (D. B. S.) and DE-FG02-08ER15517 (J.R.E.); by National Science Foundation award MCB-0929402 (J.R.E.); by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF), and the Mary K. Chapman Foundation (J.R.E.); and by NIH National Research Service Award postdoctoral fellowship F32-HG004830 (R.J.S.). J.R.E. is an HHMI-GBMF investigator. NR 57 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 18 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 1 IS 7 BP 559 EP 570 DI 10.1534/g3.111.000752 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 055IY UT WOS:000312410300005 PM 22384367 ER PT J AU Chu, CG Tan, CT Yu, GT Zhong, S Xu, SS Yan, L AF Chu, C. -G. Tan, C. T. Yu, G. -T Zhong, S. Xu, S. S. Yan, L. TI A Novel Retrotransposon Inserted in the Dominant Vrn-B1 Allele Confers Spring Growth Habit in Tetraploid Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Triticum turgidum; tetraploid wheat; vernalization; Vrn-B1; retrotransposon ID VERNALIZATION GENE VRN1; FLOWERING-TIME GENES; EAR-EMERGENCE TIME; BREAD WHEAT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; POLYPLOID WHEAT; MAPPING GENES; WINTER HABIT; TAN SPOT AB Vernalization genes determine winter/spring growth habit in temperate cereals and play important roles in plant development and environmental adaptation. In wheat (Triticum L. sp.), it was previously shown that allelic variation in the vernalization gene VRN1 was due to deletions or insertions either in the promoter or in the first intron. Here, we report a novel Vrn-B1 allele that has a retrotransposon in its promoter conferring spring growth habit. The VRN-B1 gene was mapped in a doubled haploid population that segregated for winter-spring growth habit but was derived from two spring tetraploid wheat genotypes, the durum wheat (T. turgidum subsp. durum) variety 'Lebsock' and T. turgidum subsp. carthlicum accession PI 94749. Genetic analysis revealed that Lebsock carried the dominant Vrn-A1 and recessive vrn-B1 alleles, whereas PI 94749 had the recessive vrn-A1 and dominant Vrn-B1 alleles. The Vrn-A1 allele in Lebsock was the same as the Vrn-A1c allele previously reported in hexaploid wheat. No differences existed between the vrn-B1 and Vrn-B1 alleles, except that a 5463-bp insertion was detected in the 5'-UTR region of the Vrn-B1 allele. This insertion was a novel retrotransposon (designated as retrotrans_VRN), which was flanked by a 5-bp target site duplication and contained primer binding site and polypurine tract motifs, a 325-bp long terminal repeat, and an open reading frame encoding 1231 amino acids. The insertion of retrotrans_VRN resulted in expression of Vrn-B1 without vernalization. Retrotrans_VRN is prevalent among T. turgidum subsp. carthlicum accessions, less prevalent among T. turgidum subsp. dicoccum accessions, and rarely found in other tetraploid wheat subspecies. C1 [Xu, S. S.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Chu, C. -G.; Zhong, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Yu, G. -T] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Tan, C. T.; Yan, L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Xu, SS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM steven.xu@ars.usda.gov; liuling.yan@okstate.edu FU USDA-ARS CRIS (Current Research Information System) Project [5442-22000-033-00D]; Oklahoma Center of Advanced Science and Technology (OCAST) FX We thank N. Jiang at Michigan State University for help with annotation of the retrotransposon sequences. This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS (Current Research Information System) Project 5442-22000-033-00D and by the Oklahoma Center of Advanced Science and Technology (OCAST). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 46 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 1 IS 7 BP 637 EP 645 DI 10.1534/g3.111.001131 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 055IY UT WOS:000312410300013 PM 22384375 ER PT J AU Peterson, SW Orchard, SS Menon, S AF Peterson, Stephen W. Orchard, Samantha S. Menon, Suresh TI Penicillium menonorum, a new species related to P-pimiteouiense SO IMA FUNGUS LA English DT Article DE monoverticillate; fungal systematics; congruence analysis; Penicillium AB Penicillium menonorum is described as a new monoverticillate, non-vesiculate species that resembles P. restrictum and P. pimiteouiense. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from four loci, P. menonorum occurs in a clade with P. pimiteouiense, P. vinaceum, P. guttulosum, P. rubidurum, and P. parvum. Genealogical concordance analysis was applied to P. pimiteouiense and P. parvum, substantiating the phenotypically defined species. The species P. rubidurum, P. guttulosum, and P. menonorum were on distinct branches statistically excluded from inclusion in other species and have distinct phenotypes. C1 [Peterson, Stephen W.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Orchard, Samantha S.; Menon, Suresh] Menon & Associates Inc, San Diego, CA 92191 USA. RP Peterson, SW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, 1815 North Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Stephen.Peterson@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC PI BERKELEY PA C/O J TAYLOR, DEPT PLANT & MICROBIAL BIOLOGY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA SN 2210-6340 EI 2210-6359 J9 IMA FUNGUS JI IMA Fungus PD DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.5598/imafungus.2011.02.02.02 PG 5 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA V46TU UT WOS:000209907300019 PM 22679596 ER PT J AU Crous, PW Minnis, AM Pereira, OL Alfenas, AC Alfenas, RF Rossman, AY Groenewald, JZ AF Crous, Pedro W. Minnis, Andrew M. Pereira, Olinto L. Alfenas, Acelino C. Alfenas, Rafael F. Rossman, Amy Y. Groenewald, Johannes Z. TI What is Scirrhia? SO IMA FUNGUS LA English DT Article DE Brazil; Capnodiales; Dothideomycetes; ITS; LSU; Mycosphaerellaceae; Pteridium; systematics AB The ascomycetous genus Scirrhia is presently treated as a member of Dothideomycetidae, though uncertainty remains as to which family it belongs in Capnodiales, Ascomycota. Recent collections on stems of a fern, Pteridium aquilinum (Dennstaedtiaceae) in Brazil, led to the discovery of a new species of Scirrhia, described here as S. brasiliensis. Based on DNA sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), Scirrhia is revealed to represent a member of Dothideomycetes, Capnodiales, Mycosphaerellaceae. Scirrhia is the first confirmed genus in Mycosphaerellaceae to have well developed pseudoparaphyses and a prominent hypostroma in which ascomata are arranged in parallel rows. Given the extremely slow growth rate and difficulty in obtaining cultures of S. brasiliensis on various growth media, it appears that Scirrhia represents a genus of potentially obligate plant pathogens within Mycosphaerellaceae. C1 [Crous, Pedro W.; Groenewald, Johannes Z.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Minnis, Andrew M.; Rossman, Amy Y.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pereira, Olinto L.; Alfenas, Acelino C.; Alfenas, Rafael F.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitopatol, BR-36570 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Crous, PW (reprint author), CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. EM p.crous@cbs.knaw.nl RI Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Groenewald, Johannes/F-4667-2011 OI Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC PI BERKELEY PA C/O J TAYLOR, DEPT PLANT & MICROBIAL BIOLOGY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA SN 2210-6340 EI 2210-6359 J9 IMA FUNGUS JI IMA Fungus PD DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.5598/imafungus.2011.02.02.03 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA V46TU UT WOS:000209907300020 PM 22679597 ER PT J AU Hu, XS Dennehy, TJ Ni, XZ Zhao, HY Nichols, RL Li, XC AF Hu, Xiangshun Dennehy, Timothy J. Ni, Xinzhi Zhao, Huiyan Nichols, Robert L. Li, Xianchun TI Potential adaptation of a Q biotype whitefly population from poinsettia to field crops SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci; host adaptation; life history traits; population establishment; Q-biotype ID BEMISIA-TABACI HEMIPTERA; EXOTIC Q-BIOTYPE; NON-B-BIOTYPE; SPECIES COMPLEX; MATING-BEHAVIOR; SWEET-POTATO; HOST PLANTS; DNA MARKERS; 1ST REPORT; NEW-WORLD AB The invasive Q biotype whitefly was first detected in the US on poinsettia in 2004 and is still not a pest outside of greenhouse environments in the US. To assess the potential for the establishment of the Q biotype on field crops, population cage experiments were conducted to compare the performance of a poinsettia-derived Q population named P06 on poinsettia and six field crops (alfalfa, tomato, melon, cotton, cowpea and cabbage). P06 adults reared on poinsettia as nymphs laid eggs on all six field crops. Significantly more eggs were laid on alfalfa, tomato, melon and cotton than on cabbage, cowpea and poinsettia. These eggs hatched and the nymphs developed to adults on the six field crops. Relative to poinsettia, whitefly survival was similar on cowpea, alfalfa, tomato and cabbage, but significantly higher on cotton and melon. Moreover, P06 had significantly shorter development times from egg to adult on cotton, melon, cowpea, tomato and alfalfa than they did on poinsettia. However, the F1 adults raised on the six field crops had significantly shorter lifespans and laid 11- to 18-fold fewer eggs than did the F1 adults raised on poinsettia. Taken together, while P06 may have some potential to establish on field crops, the shorter lifespans and extremely low fecundities of the F1 adults raised on the six field crops suggests that P06 is incapable of rapidly adapting to them. Poor adaptation to field crops may explain, at least partially, why the Q biotype has not established in the US field system. C1 [Hu, Xiangshun; Dennehy, Timothy J.; Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hu, Xiangshun; Dennehy, Timothy J.; Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hu, Xiangshun; Zhao, Huiyan] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Nichols, Robert L.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Ni, Xinzhi] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. RP Li, XC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM lxc@email.arizona.edu FU USDA PMAP [2009-34381-20039]; Arizona Cotton Growers Association [07-151AZ]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX We gratefully acknowledge Drs. Bruce E. Tabashnik and Yves Carriere for their critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Benjamin DeGain and Virginia Harpold for their assistance. This research was supported by USDA PMAP grant 2009-34381-20039 to X. Li, Peter C. Ellsworth, John C Palumbo, Alfred J. Fournier and Steven E. Narajo, Cotton Incorporated cooperative research agreement 07150 and Arizona Cotton Growers Association grant 07-151AZ to X. Li, and China Scholarship Council (CSC) scholarship to X. Hu. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 18 IS 6 BP 719 EP 728 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2011.01405.x PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 854QB UT WOS:000297508200014 ER PT J AU Ford, WM Britzke, ER Dobony, CA Rodrigue, JL Johnson, JB AF Ford, W. Mark Britzke, Eric R. Dobony, Christopher A. Rodrigue, Jane L. Johnson, Joshua B. TI Patterns of Acoustical Activity of Bats Prior to and Following White-Nose Syndrome Occurrence SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE acoustical activity; bats; monitoring; Myotis; white-nose syndrome ID ECHOLOCATION CALLS; HABITAT PREFERENCE; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; FOREST LANDSCAPE; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; NORTH-AMERICA; COASTAL-PLAIN; UNITED-STATES; BROWN BATS AB White-nose Syndrome (WNS), a wildlife health concern that has decimated cave-hibernating bat populations in eastern North America since 2006, began affecting source-caves for summer bat populations at Fort Drum, a U. S. Army installation in New York in the winter of 2007-2008. As regional die-offs of bats became evident, and Fort Drum's known populations began showing declines, we examined whether WNS-induced change in abundance patterns and seasonal timing of bat activity could be quantified using acoustical surveys, 2003-2010, at structurally uncluttered riparian-water habitats (i.e., streams, ponds, and wet meadows). As predicted, we observed significant declines in overall summer activity between pre-WNS and post-WNS years for little brown bats Myotis lucifugus, northern bats M. septentrionalis, and Indiana bats M. sodalis. We did not observe any significant change in activity patterns between pre-WNS and post-WNS years for big brown bats Eptesicus fuscus, eastern red bats Lasiurus borealis, or the small number of tri-colored bats Perimyotis subflavus. Activity of silver-haired bats Lasionycteris noctivagans increased from pre-WNS to post-WNS years. Activity levels of hoary bats Lasiurus cinereus significantly declined between pre- and post-WNS years. As a nonhibernating, migratory species, hoary bat declines might be correlated with wind-energy development impacts occurring in the same time frame rather than WNS. Intraseason activity patterns also were affected by WNS, though the results were highly variable among species. Little brown bats showed an overall increase in activity from early to late summer pre-WNS, presumably due to detections of newly volant young added to the local population. However, the opposite occurred post-WNS, indicating that reproduction among surviving little brown bats may be declining. Our data suggest that acoustical monitoring during the summer season can provide insights into species' relative abundance on the landscape as affected by the occurrence of WNS. C1 [Ford, W. Mark] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Geol Survey, Virginia Fish & Wildlife Cooperat Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Britzke, Eric R.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Dobony, Christopher A.] USA, Installat Command, Ft Drum, NY 13602 USA. [Rodrigue, Jane L.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Johnson, Joshua B.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. RP Ford, WM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Geol Survey, Virginia Fish & Wildlife Cooperat Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM wmford@vt.edu FU Department of the Army, Fort Drum; U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station; U.S. Army Engineer and Research Development Center FX We thank R. Rainbolt for assistance throughout this project. Comments from the Subject Editor and three anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. This work was funded by financial and in-kind contributions of the Department of the Army, Fort Drum, the U.S. Army Engineer and Research Development Center, and the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station. NR 54 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 73 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 BP 125 EP 134 DI 10.3996/042011-JFWM-027 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 044NC UT WOS:000311625500002 ER PT J AU O'Neil, CE Keast, DR Nicklas, TA Fulgoni, VL AF O'Neil, Carol E. Keast, Debra R. Nicklas, Theresa A. Fulgoni, Victor L., III TI Nut Consumption Is Associated with Decreased Health Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in US Adults: NHANES 1999-2004 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE tree nuts; nutrient intake; diet quality; health risk factors; metabolic syndrome; NHANES AB Background: Few recent epidemiologic studies have assessed the effect that nut consumption (including tree nuts and peanuts) has on health risks, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). Objective: This study compared the health risk for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and MetS of nut consumers with that of nonconsumers. Design: Adults 19+ years (n = 13,292) participating in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Intake from 24-hour recalls was used to determine intake. Nut/tree nut consumers consumed >= 1/4 ounce per day. Covariate-adjusted means, standard errors, and prevalence rates were determined for the nut consumption groups. Results: The prevalence of nut consumers was 18.6% +/- 0.7% and 21.0% +/- 0.9% in those 19-50 years and 51 years and older, respectively. Nut consumption was associated with a decreased body mass index (27.7 kg/m(2) +/- 0.2 vs 28.1 +/- 0.1 kg/m(2), p < 0.05), waist circumference (95.6 +/- 0.4 cm vs 96.4 +/- 0.3 cm, p < 0.05), and systolic blood pressure (121.9 +/- 0.4 mmHg vs 123.20 +/- 0.3 mmHg, p < 0.01) compared with nonconsumers. Tree nut consumers also had a lower weight (78.8 +/- 0.7 kg vs 80.7 +/- 0.3 kg, p < 0.05). Nut consumers had a lower percentage of two risk factors for MetS: hypertension (31.5% +/- 1.0% vs 34.2% +/- 0.8%, p < 0.05) and low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (29.6% +/- 1.0% vs 34.8% +/- 0.8%, p < 0.01). Tree nut consumers had a lower prevalence of four risk factors for MetS: abdominal obesity (43.6% +/- 1.6% vs 49.5% +/- 0.8%, p < 0.05), hypertension (31.4% +/- 1.2% vs 33.9% +/- 0.8%, p < 0.05), low HDL-C (27.9% +/- 1.7% vs 34.5% +/- 0.8%, p < 0.01), high fasting glucose (11.4% +/- 1.4% vs 15.0% +/- 0.7%, p < 0.05), and a lower prevalence of MetS (21.2% +/- 2.1% vs 26.6% +/- 0.7%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Nut/tree nut consumption was associated with a decreased prevalence of selected risk factors for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and MetS. C1 [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Keast, Debra R.] Food & Nutr Database Res Inc, Okemos, MI USA. [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI USA. RP O'Neil, CE (reprint author), LSU AgCtr, Class 1941 Alumni Prof,261 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM coneil1@lsu.edu FU International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation; USDA; USDA/Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-003]; HATCH project [LAB 93951] FX This research was supported by the International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation and the USDA. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, and was also funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6-003 and HATCH project LAB 93951. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. NR 63 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 20 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 6 BP 502 EP 510 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V28MU UT WOS:000208685700004 PM 22331685 ER PT J AU Lee, KW Li, GX Lillehoj, HS Lee, SH Jang, SI Babu, US Lillehoj, EP Neumann, AP Siragusa, GR AF Lee, Kyung-Woo Li, Guangxing Lillehoj, Hyun S. Lee, Sung-Hyen Jang, Seung I. Babu, Uma S. Lillehoj, Erik P. Neumann, Anthony P. Siragusa, Gregory R. TI Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials augment macrophage function in broiler chickens SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Direct-fed microbials; Innate immunity; Macrophage; Nitric oxide; Phagocytosis AB The present study was conducted to evaluate the function of Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials (DFMs) on macrophage functions, i.e., nitric oxide (NO) production and phagocytosis in broiler chickens. DFMs used in this study were eight single strains designated as Bs2084, LSSAO1, 3AP4, Bs18, 15AP4, 22CP1, Bs27, and Bs278, and one multiple strain DFM product (Avicorr(TM)) containing equal amount of Bs2084, LSSAO1 and 15AP4. NO concentrations were monitored in plasma and in the supernatants from the peripheral blood-derived monocytic cells (PBMC)-derived macrophages stimulated by either chicken recombinant interferon gamma (IFN gamma) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coil or Salmonella typhi. In addition, phagocytosis of fluorescent beads and green fluorescent protein (CFP)-labeled Salmonella by PBMC-derived macrophage was assayed. Plasma NO levels were significantly higher in groups given 3AP4 or Bs27 diets compared with the control group at days 7 and 14. NO production by PBMC-derived macrophages stimulated with IFN gamma or LPS was apparent, although the effect was strain-dependent. Phagocytosis of fluorescent beads or CFP-labeled Salmonella by macrophages was augmented in groups on DFM-supplemented diets compared with those fed the control diet. This study describes the immunomodulatory effects of Bacillus-based DFMs on innate immunity in broiler chickens. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Kyung-Woo; Li, Guangxing; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung-Hyen; Jang, Seung I.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Babu, Uma S.] US FDA, Immunobiol Branch, Div Virulence Assessment, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Neumann, Anthony P.; Siragusa, Gregory R.] Danisco Agtech Prod Inc, Waukesha, WI 53186 USA. [Li, Guangxing] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ARS.USDA.GOV OI Lee, Kyung-Woo/0000-0002-3533-7979 FU ARS-USDA; Danisco; ARS [1265-32000-086-00D] FX This project was supported by a Trust agreement established between ARS-USDA and Danisco and partially by the ARS in-house project 1265-32000-086-00D. We thank Marjorie Nichols and Stacy Torreyson for their technical assistance. Guangxing Li was a short-term overseas visiting scholar of the China Scholarship Council to Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, ANRI, USDA-ARS from Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 EI 1532-2661 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 91 IS 3 BP E87 EP E91 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.01.018 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA V40ML UT WOS:000209482600016 PM 21338997 ER PT J AU Lee, K Lillehoj, HS Li, GX Park, MS Jang, SI Jeong, W Jeoung, HY An, DJ Lillehoj, EP AF Lee, Kyungwoo Lillehoj, Hyun S. Li, Guangxing Park, Myeong-Seon Jang, Seung I. Jeong, Wooseog Jeoung, Hye-Young An, Dong-Jun Lillehoj, Erik P. TI Identification and cloning of two immunogenic Clostridium perfringens proteins, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO) of C. perfringens SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Necrotic enteritis; Gangrenous dermatitis; Clostridium perfringens AB Clostridium-related poultry diseases such as necrotic enteritis (NE) and gangrenous dermatitis (GD) cause substantial economic losses on a global scale. Two antigenic Clostridium perfringens proteins, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO). were identified by reaction with immune sera from commercial meat-type chickens with clinical outbreak of Clostridium infections. In addition to the genes encoding EF-Tu and PFO, C perfringens alpha-toxin and necrotic enteritis B-like (NetB) toxin were also expressed in Escherichia colt and their corresponding recombinant proteins were purified. Using the four recombinant proteins as target antigens in ELISA immunoassays, high serum antibody titers were observed not only in chickens with clinical signs of Clostridium infections, but also in apparently healthy animals from the same disease-endemic farm. By contrast, no antibodies against any of the proteins were present in the serum of a specific pathogen-free bird. In EUSA using recombinant proteins of C perfringens, the levels of anti-bacterial protein antibodies were also higher in chickens which were experimentally induced to show NE clinical signs after co-infection with C. perfringens and Eimeria maxima compared with uninfected controls. These results show that two antigenic C. perfringens proteins, EF-Tu and PFO can be useful detection antigens for C peifringens-afflicted infections in commercial poultry. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Kyungwoo; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Li, Guangxing; Park, Myeong-Seon; Jang, Seung I.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lee, Kyungwoo; Jeong, Wooseog; Jeoung, Hye-Young; An, Dong-Jun] Minist Food Agr Forestry & Fisheries, Natl Vet Res & Quarantine Serv, Anyang 430824, Kyunggido, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Lee, Kyung-Woo/0000-0002-3533-7979 FU ARS-USDA; National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Services (NVRQS), South Korea; ARS [1265-32000-086-00D] FX We thank Dr. John F. Prescott, Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, for providing C perfringens isolate. We also thank Marjorie Nichols and Stacy Torreyson, APDL, ARS-USDA for their technical assistance. This project was supported by a Trust agreement established between ARS-USDA and National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Services (NVRQS), South Korea and partially by ARS in-house project 1265-32000-086-00D. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 EI 1532-2661 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 91 IS 3 BP E80 EP E86 DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.01.017 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA V40ML UT WOS:000209482600015 PM 21345474 ER PT J AU Ransom, JI Roelle, JE Cade, BS Coates-Markle, L Kane, AJ AF Ransom, Jason I. Roelle, James E. Cade, Brian S. Coates-Markle, Linda Kane, Albert J. TI Foaling Rates in Feral Horses Treated With the Immunocontraceptive Porcine Zona Pellucida SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Equus caballus; feral horse; fertility control; immunocontraception; PZP; western United States; wildlife contraception AB Locally abundant feral horses (Equus caballus) can rapidly deplete available resources. Fertility control agents present promising nonlethal tools for reducing their population growth rates. We tested the effect of 2 forms of the immunocontraceptive porcine zona pellucida (PZP) on foaling rates in 3 populations of feral horses in the western United States. A liquid form requiring annual boosters was administered at Little Book Cliffs Wild Horse Range, Mesa County (CO), and Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range, Bighorn County (WY) and Carbon County (MT), and a time-release pellet form designed to produce 2 yr of infertility was administered at McCullough Peaks Herd Management Area, Park County (WY). Average foaling rates (foals born/mare-yr) from direct observation of untreated and treated female horses (mares), 2004-2008, were 60.1% (n = 153 mare-yr) versus 6.6% (n = 91 mare-yr) at Little Book Cliffs, and 62.8% (n = 129 mare-yr) versus 17.7% (n = 79 mare-yr) at Pryor Mountain, respectively. At McCullough Peaks, mean annual foaling rates from 2006 to 2008 were 75.0% (n = 48 mare-yr) for untreated mares and 31.7% (n = 101 mare-yr) for treated mares. Controlling for age of mares and pretreatment differences in fertility, PZP reduced foaling rates in all 3 herds. The pellets used at McCullough Peaks (produced by cold evaporation) were less effective than pellets used in a previous trial and produced by heat extrusion. Immunocontraception with PZP may be a useful tool in reducing fertility rates in some western United States feral horse herds, but population growth reduction will depend on timely access to mares for inoculation and the proportion of mares that can be successfully treated. Published 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Ransom, Jason I.; Roelle, James E.; Cade, Brian S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Coates-Markle, Linda] US Bur Land Management, Wheat Ridge, CO 80215 USA. [Kane, Albert J.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Ransom, JI (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ransomj@usgs.gov FU USGS Wildlife Program; U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, NPS; Colorado State University FX We thank the many field technicians who spent long hours searching for, darting, and monitoring horses under difficult conditions: H. Abouelezz, L. Caldwell, M. Esser, M. Felix, K. Grams, P. Grigsby, S. Hahn, B. Hutchings, G. Manus, J. Nibler, C. Petrandis, P. Preator, J. Severude, and G. Thygerson. Logistical support was provided by the BLM's Grand Junction, Cody, and Billings Field Offices as well as the National Park Service (NPS) Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area. In particular, we thank D. Bolstad, J. Dollerschell, A. Shepherd, and T. Hatle from the BLM, and R. Lasko and C. Bromley from NPS, for coordination and technical support. The late F. J. Singer coauthored the Wild Horse and Burro Strategic Research Plan and resulting Fertility Control Field Trial Plan from which this work originated. K. Frank, J. Kirkpatrick, and R. Lyda at ZooMontana provided vaccine and technical support, as did J. Turner, Jr., at the University of Toledo. This research was funded by the USGS Wildlife Program and conducted through a cooperative effort between the USGS Fort Collins Science Center, the BLM Wild Horse and Burro Program, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, NPS, and Colorado State University. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 4 BP 343 EP 352 DI 10.1002/wsb.66 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38GW UT WOS:000209332900003 ER PT J AU Devault, TL Belant, JL Blackwell, BF Seamans, TW AF Devault, Travis L. Belant, Jerrold L. Blackwell, Bradley F. Seamans, Thomas W. TI Interspecific Variation in Wildlife Hazards to Aircraft: Implications for Airport Wildlife Management SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE airport; airport management; aviation hazard; bird strike; body mass; wildlife-aircraft collision; wildlife hazard score; wildlife strike AB Understanding the relative hazards of wildlife to aircraft is important for developing effective management programs. We used Federal Aviation Administration National Wildlife Strike Database records from 1990 to 2009 in the United States to rank the relative hazard of wildlife to aircraft. We summarized data for 77 species or species groups with >= 20 records where collisions occurred <= 500 ft (152 m) above ground level. We also assessed the effects of avian body mass, body density, and group size on relative hazard scores. The 3 most hazardous species or species groups were mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (O. virginianus), and domestic dogs. "Other geese" (snow goose [Chen caerulescens], brant [Branta bernicla], and greater white-fronted goose [Anser albifrons]) was the most hazardous bird group. Ten of the 15 most hazardous bird species or species groups are strongly associated with water. Avian body mass was strongly associated with percentage of all strikes that caused damage, but not for species exceeding median body mass (1,125 g) of birds in damaging strikes. In contrast, percentage of damaging strikes increased when multiple birds were involved, but only for those species with body mass >= 1,125 g. Managers should prioritize efforts that will reduce habitat suitability for those species most hazardous to aircraft. We recommend use of exclusion (e.g., fences) for managing large mammals and habitat modifications (e.g., reductions in standing water) accompanied by hazing for reducing bird use of airports. We also recommend that evaluations of jet turbine engine performance following bird ingestions consider using multiple birds with body mass > 1,000 g. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Devault, Travis L.; Blackwell, Bradley F.; Seamans, Thomas W.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Belant, Jerrold L.] Mississippi State Univ, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Devault, TL (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM travis.l.devault@aphis.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture; Mississippi State University; FAA [DTFACT-04-X-90003] FX Our work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Mississippi State University, and the FAA under agreement DTFACT-04-X-90003. We thank P. M. Schmidt, B. E. Washburn, J. A. Schmidt, M. J. Begier, and 3 anonymous reviewers for providing constructive comments on this manuscript. Opinions expressed in this study do not necessarily reflect current FAA policy decisions regarding the control of wildlife on or near airports. NR 37 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 6 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 4 BP 394 EP 402 DI 10.1002/wsb.75 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38GW UT WOS:000209332900008 ER PT J AU Ober, HK DeGroote, LW McDonough, CM Mizell, RF Mankin, RW AF Ober, Holly K. DeGroote, Lucas W. McDonough, Colleen M. Mizell, Russell F., III Mankin, Richard W. TI Identification of an Attractant for the Nine-Banded Armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE armadillos; attractants; baits; capture; Dasypus novemcinctus; lures; nuisance; odors; trap AB The nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) is considered by many to be one of the greatest nuisance wildlife species in the Southeastern United States. Management is difficult because no repellents, toxicants, or fumigants are currently registered for this species; exclusion is laborious because armadillos are adept burrowers; and no effective trapping attractants have been identified. If a suitable lure were discovered, trap capture success could increase and the frequency of nuisance complaints could decrease. We compared the behavioral attractiveness to captive armadillos of 15 commercially available food materials, as well as scents collected from conspecifics, in Florida, USA, 2008-2009. According to 3 distinct behavioral measures, 4 materials consistently elicited the most attraction responses from armadillos: pond worms (Lumbricus terrestris), crickets (Acheta domesticus), red worms (Eisenia fetida), and wigglers (Pheretima hawayanus). Recognizing that all of these materials were live prey, we devised a second series of experiments to evaluate the relative importance of olfactory cues versus auditory-vibrational cues in evoking a response from armadillos. Results suggested auditory-vibrational cues were meaningful. Finally, we measured sound pressure and vibration levels produced by the most preferred and less preferred prey items. Sound and vibrational cues decreased rapidly below background noise levels within 10-30 cm from baits. Because of this, and because the perceptual range of armadillos to the olfactory cues from these baits appears limited, traps baited with any worm or cricket are unlikely to lure armadillos from great distances. Development of an effective baiting system will require further investigation into the possibility of enhancing the ability of stimuli to travel over long distances. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Ober, Holly K.; DeGroote, Lucas W.] Univ Florida, NFREC Quincy, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [McDonough, Colleen M.] Valdosta State Univ, Dept Biol, Valdosta, GA 31698 USA. [Mizell, Russell F., III] Univ Florida, NFREC Quincy, Dept Entomol, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [Mankin, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Ober, HK (reprint author), Univ Florida, NFREC Quincy, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 155 Res Rd, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. EM holly.ober@ufl.edu FU Southern Region Integrated Pest Management Center through the Enhancement Grants Program FX We thank the Southern Region Integrated Pest Management Center for providing funding through the Enhancement Grants Program. We are also indebted to J. Loughry, S. Wright, K. Torrington, A. Brock, and students from Valdosta State University for their assistance in capturing armadillos, watching videos, and/or entering data. We thank E. Foreman at the U.S. Department-Agricultural Research Service in Gainesville for assisting with the sound and vibration measurements. We also thank D. Francis and J. Cox for facilitating access to Joe Budd Wildlife Management Area and Tall Timbers Research Station, respectively. Finally, we thank anonymous reviewers for helping improve the quality of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 4 BP 421 EP 429 DI 10.1002/wsb.79 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38GW UT WOS:000209332900012 ER PT J AU Walrath, R Van Deelen, TR VerCauteren, KC AF Walrath, Ryan Van Deelen, Timothy R. VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Efficacy of Proximity Loggers for Detection of Contacts Between Maternal Pairs of White-Tailed Deer SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE contact rates; data logging; detection bias; efficacy; Odocoileus virginianus; proximity loggers; radiocollars; UHF; VHF; white-tailed deer AB Contact frequency and duration estimates between individuals are important to understanding the behavioral ecology of wildlife species and the epidemiology of infectious diseases. A new technology uses proximity data loggers to record time and duration of contacts. We conducted an experiment at Sandhill Wildlife Management Area, located near Babcock, Wisconsin (USA) to compare probabilities of detecting intraspecific contacts among white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) maternal pairs (dams/fawns) based on detections from proximity loggers deployed on collars versus those obtained from direct observation. We defined 5 discrete probabilities of detection of a contact in terms of P (probability of detection by a single proximity logger) and V (probability of detection by visual observer) and estimated P and V by minimizing the Kullback-Liebler distance between distributions of theoretical probabilities and observed distributions in experimental data. We used parametric jackknifing to estimate means and variances for P and V. Mean estimates of P and V were 0.64 (95% CI = 0.62-0.67) and 0.34 (0.32-0.35), respectively. Estimates of P and V enabled the calculation of the probability that an encounter was undetected by both proximity loggers and the visual observer, which was 0.09 (95% CI = 0.073-0.094). Estimates of P and V provide estimates of nondetection bias for future studies that use proximity loggers to estimate frequencies of encounters and help quantify the usefulness of this technology relative to visual observation. Management concerns such as chronic wasting disease and bovine tuberculosis could be better understood and addressed by using proximity loggers because they are better able to quantify close contact than conventional methods such as radiotelemetry or Global Positioning System telemetry. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Walrath, Ryan; Van Deelen, Timothy R.] Univ Wisconsin, Russell Labs 226, Wildlife Ecol, Dept Forest, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [VerCauteren, Kurt C.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Walrath, R (reprint author), 30 Ochiltree Ave, Glasgow G13 1LH, Lanark, Scotland. EM ryandwalrath@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services-Wildlife Services-National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Integrated Science Services FX Primary funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services-Wildlife Services-National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. We thank the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Integrated Science Services for additional support and access to our research site. Furthermore, we thank the staff at Sandhill Wildlife Management Area for providing assistance during our trials and the University of Wisconsin-Madison administrative staff and faculty for support and guidance. Finally, we deeply thank M. Watt, volunteers and staff who assisted on this project. Publication of this article does not constitute endorsement or censure of any of the products mentioned by the authors or their employers. NR 52 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 4 BP 452 EP 460 DI 10.1002/wsb.76 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V38GW UT WOS:000209332900016 ER PT J AU Dror, DK AF Dror, Daphna K. TI Vitamin D status during pregnancy: maternal, fetal, and postnatal outcomes SO CURRENT OPINION IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone; growth; pregnancy; vitamin D ID GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; D DEFICIENCY; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; CORD-BLOOD; DEVELOPMENT COHORT; WOMEN; PREECLAMPSIA; RISK; CHILDREN AB Purpose of review To consider evidence from recent studies linking maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy with maternal, fetal, and postnatal outcomes. Recent findings Several studies have demonstrated an association between poor maternal vitamin D status and severe preeclampsia, though results are inconsistent and cannot be generalized to nonsevere preeclampsia. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and periodontal disease had lower vitamin D status at mid-gestation or delivery compared with controls. Maternal vitamin D status early in pregnancy was associated with risk of low birth weight and small-for-gestational age infants in one study, whereas another study found this relation only among white women. Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene may contribute to vitamin D-related disparities in fetal growth. Evidence from recent studies suggests an early prenatal influence of maternal vitamin D status on fetal skeletal development, with lasting postnatal effects. Cord blood vitamin D status was associated with tolerogenic immune regulation and fewer respiratory infections in the newborn. Summary Recent evidence supports a role of maternal vitamin D status, particularly early in pregnancy, in modulating the risk of pregnancy complications and in sustaining fetal growth, bone development, and immune maturation. C1 ARS, Allen Lab, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dror, DK (reprint author), ARS, Allen Lab, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM daphnadror@gmail.com NR 43 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-872X J9 CURR OPIN OBSTET GYN JI Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 23 IS 6 BP 422 EP 426 DI 10.1097/GCO.0b013e32834cb791 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 844ZH UT WOS:000296792100004 PM 21986726 ER PT J AU White, SA Taylor, MD Albano, JP Whitwell, T Klaine, SJ AF White, Sarah A. Taylor, Milton D. Albano, Joseph P. Whitwell, Ted Klaine, Stephen J. TI Phosphorus retention in lab and field-scale subsurface-flow wetlands treating plant nursery runoff SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Calcined clay; Sorption; Desorption; Treatment wetlands; Agricultural runoff; Phosphorus ID CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; NUTRIENT ATTENUATION; RIPARIAN WETLAND; REMOVAL; PHOSPHATE; ADSORPTION; CAPACITY; NITROGEN; SYSTEMS; MECHANISMS AB Constructed wetland systems built to handle nutrient contaminants are often efficient at removing nitrogen, but ineffective at reducing phosphorus (P) loads. Incorporating a clay-based substrate can enhance P removal in subsurface-flow constructed wetland systems. We evaluated the potential of crushed brick, a recycled building product, and two particle sizes of a palygorskite-bentonite industrial mineral aggregate (calcined clay) to sorb P from simulated nutrient-rich plant nursery effluent. The three substrates were screened for P sorbing behavior using sorption, desorption, and equilibration experiments. We selected one substrate to evaluate in an 8-month field trial to compare field sorption capacity with laboratory sorption capacity. In the laboratory, coarse calcined clay average sorption capacity was 497 mg kg(-1) and it sorbed the highest percentage of P supplied (76%), except at exposure concentrations >100 mg L(-1) where the increased surface area of fine calcined clay augmented its P sorption capacity. Subsurface-flow mesocosms were filled with coarse calcined clay and exposed to a four and seven day hydraulic retention time treatment. Phosphorus export was reduced by 60 to 74% for both treatments until substrate P-binding sites began to saturate during month seven. During the eight month experiment, the four and seven day treatments fixed 1273 +/- 22 mg kg(-1) P and 937 +/- 16 mg kg(-1) P. respectively. Sequential extractions of the P saturated clay indicated that P could desorb slowly over time from various pools within the calcined clay; thus, if the calcined clay were recycled as a soil amendment, most P released would be slowly available for plant uptake and use. This study demonstrated the viability of using coarse calcined clay as a root bed substrate in subsurface-flow treatment wetlands remediating phosphorus from plant nursery runoff. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [White, Sarah A.; Whitwell, Ted] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Hort, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Taylor, Milton D.; Klaine, Stephen J.] Clemson Inst Environm Toxicol, Pendleton, SC 29670 USA. [Albano, Joseph P.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP White, SA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Hort, E-143 Poole Agr Ctr, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM swhite4@clemson.edu FU Floriculture and Nursery Research initiative [58-6618-7-216]; NIFA/USDA [SC-1700421] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Floriculture and Nursery Research initiative (Agreement number 58-6618-7-216) as part of a specific cooperative agreement with the USDA ARS and was also supported by NIFA/USDA, under project number SC-1700421. Thanks to Chris Lasser of USDA-ARS for providing analytical support for the research. Technical contribution no. 5969, of the Clemson University Experiment Station. The authors wish to thank Roger Henderson from Oil-dri Corp. for donation of calcined clays and Jim Frederic from the Clemson Brick Institute who provided the brick. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1968 EP 1976 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.08.009 PG 9 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 846VA UT WOS:000296930100003 ER PT J AU Njuguna, W Hummer, KE Richards, CM Davis, TM Bassil, NV AF Njuguna, Wambui Hummer, Kim E. Richards, Christopher M. Davis, Thomas M. Bassil, Nahla V. TI Genetic diversity of diploid Japanese strawberry species based on microsatellite markers SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Fragaria iinumae; Fragaria nipponica; Interspecific hybridization; Population structure; SSR ID FRAGARIA X ANANASSA; CHLOROPLAST DNA-SEQUENCES; REPEAT SSR MARKERS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITES; CULTIVATED STRAWBERRY; VESCA L.; ROSACEAE; IDENTIFICATION AB The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS)-National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Corvallis, Oregon, is a genebank that preserves strawberry genetic resources. Representatives of two Japanese diploid species, Fragaria iinumae Makino and F. nipponica Makino were collected for conservation by the NCGR during an expedition to Hokkaido, Japan. Fragaria iinumae may be a genome contributor to the cultivated octoploid strawberries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of these two species by using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Twenty of 82 Fragaria-derived SSRs, polymorphic among and within the two species, were selected for genetic analysis of 137 accessions. Genetic diversity, based on the proportion of shared alleles between the two species, in F. nipponica (0.4542) and F. iinumae (0.1808) was significantly different. Three wild interspecific hybrids were identified from intermediate memberships in the two diploid species groups revealed by using the clustering program, Structure. Principal coordinate analysis followed by non-parametric modal clustering (PCO-MC) grouped accessions into two clusters representing the two diploid species. Further clustering within the species groups generated with the program, STRUCTURAMA (TM), resulted in seven sub-clusters in F. iinumae and three in F. nipponica, which may represent breeding populations appropriate for clonal conservation. Long-term preservation of the species populations and the limited number of hybrids on the island is discussed relative to their geographical distribution and the geological history of Hokkaido Island. C1 [Njuguna, Wambui] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hummer, Kim E.; Bassil, Nahla V.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Richards, Christopher M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Davis, Thomas M.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Biol Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Njuguna, W (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4017 Agr & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM njugunaw@uoregon.edu RI Richards, Christopher/A-8328-2013 OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079 NR 60 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 58 IS 8 BP 1187 EP 1198 DI 10.1007/s10722-010-9652-7 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 839LM UT WOS:000296367200007 ER PT J AU Suh, JK Hetterscheid, W Lee, AK Hong, J Roh, MS AF Suh, Jeung Keun Hetterscheid, Wilbert Lee, Ae Kyung Hong, Jeong Roh, Mark S. TI Identification and evaluation of Forsythia germplasm using molecular markers SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Forsythia xintermedia cultivars; Genetic diversity; Hybrid origin; Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD); STRUCTURE ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS; HYBRIDIZATION; POLYMORPHISMS; INFERENCE; SOFTWARE AB This study identifies Forsythia germplasm and evaluated the genetic relationships of F. xintermedia hybrids, cultivars and their putative parental species. Leaf samples of F. xintermedia cultivars and species, such as F. koreana and F. suspensa, were collected in the Netherlands, Korea, and USA. Total genomic DNA was extracted and evaluated by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analyses. Dendrograms were constructed by using the neighbor-joining (NJ) clustering algorithm applying the interior branch (IB) test or analyzed by STRUCTURE. In the dendrogram generated by RAPD markers, two major clusters were observed. One cluster (CL-I) contained most of the F. xintermedia cultivars, F. suspensa, and F. koreana. The other cluster (CL-II) included F. europaea, F. ovata, F. densiflora, F. mandshurica, F. japonica, F. viridissima, and cultivars derived from F. ovata. In the AFLP dendrogram, the placement of F. xintermedia cultivars with F. suspensa was similar, forming cluster CL-A I. The RAPD and AFLP results clearly separated most F. xintermedia cultivars from F. ovata derived cultivars. The full range of genetic diversity of F. suspensa and F. viridissima should be investigated to verify whether these two species are truly parental taxa for F. xintermedia. Placement of F. viridissima, F. ovata, and F. japonica in different sub-clusters requires further investigation regarding genetic diversity in the species, and their close relationship with F. koreana, F. mandshurica, and F. saxatalis. C1 [Roh, Mark S.] ARS, USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Suh, Jeung Keun; Lee, Ae Kyung] Dankook Univ, Sch Bioresources Sci, Dept Environm Hort, Cheonan 330714, Chungnam, South Korea. [Hetterscheid, Wilbert] Von Gimborn Arboretum, NL-3941 BZ Doorn, Netherlands. [Hong, Jeong] Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, Coll Food Agr & Nat Resource, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Roh, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Mark.Roh@ars.usda.gov FU Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University FX We appreciate Jack Alexander and Peter Del Tredici at the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, for their support and Stan Hokanson, Minnesota Landscape Arboretum, M. Y. Chung, Chollipo Arboretum, and J-S Lee, J. Y. Kim, J. H. Lee, C. K. Park, J. T. Suh, H. S. Roh, M. S. Sung, G. W. Park from Korea who provided leaf samples. Critical review by R. G. Anderson and T. A. Rinehart is greatly appreciated. Very constructive comments from the anonymous reviewer during the review process are highly appreciated. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 58 IS 8 BP 1225 EP 1235 DI 10.1007/s10722-010-9656-3 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 839LM UT WOS:000296367200010 ER PT J AU Warburton, ML Wilkes, G Taba, S Charcosset, A Mir, C Dumas, F Madur, D Dreisigacker, S Bedoya, C Prasanna, BM Xie, CX Hearne, S Franco, J AF Warburton, Marilyn L. Wilkes, Garrison Taba, S. Charcosset, Alain Mir, Celine Dumas, Fabrice Madur, Delphine Dreisigacker, Susanne Bedoya, Claudia Prasanna, B. M. Xie, C. X. Hearne, Sarah Franco, Jorge TI Gene flow among different teosinte taxa and into the domesticated maize gene pool SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Crop evolution; Gene flow; Maize (Zea mays ssp mays); Molecular markers; Teosinte ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; STRIGA-HERMONTHICA; ZEA-DIPLOPERENNIS; CENTRAL VALLEYS; DIVERSITY; MEXICO; SELECTION; ORIGIN; MICROSATELLITES; HYBRIDIZATION AB Maize (Zea mays L. ssp. mays) was domesticated from one wild species ancestor, the Balsas teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) about 9000 years ago. Higher levels of gene diversity are found in teosinte taxa compared to maize, following domestication and selection bottlenecks. Diversity in maize can be increased via gene flow from teosinte, which has certainly occurred from various taxa, but the rate of flow from different teosinte taxa and the final impact on maize evolution has been difficult to measure. One hundred populations from six Zea taxa, both domesticated (maize) and wild (teosinte), including domesticated landraces from Asia, Africa, and the Americas, were genotyped with 17 SSR markers using 15 individuals per population. Overall levels of diversity were high, and populations could be distinguished based on markers. Relationships between populations followed most published reports, or can now help resolve previously conflicting reports. Gene flow into maize from different teosinte groups, and gene flow between different teosintes, was estimated. Evidence for contributions from the Balsas teosintes and from Chalco teosintes (Z. mays ssp. mexicana) to the maize gene pool was found, as well as from Chalco into ssp. mexicana race "Durango" and Z. mays ssp. huehuetenengensis. These contributions are almost certainly the result of post-domestication (and ongoing) exchanges. This information must give more impetus to in situ conservation of teosinte species, and use of these teosintes to continue to direct the evolution of maize, especially in response to new diseases, insect pests, and other biotic and abiotic stresses. C1 [Warburton, Marilyn L.] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wilkes, Garrison] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Taba, S.; Dreisigacker, Susanne; Bedoya, Claudia; Prasanna, B. M.] CIMMYT, Mexico City 06600, DF, Mexico. [Charcosset, Alain; Mir, Celine; Dumas, Fabrice; Madur, Delphine] INRA INA PG UPS CNRS, Stn Genet Vegetale, F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Xie, C. X.] CAAS, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Hearne, Sarah; Franco, Jorge] IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria. RP Warburton, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Marilyn.warburton@ars.usda.gov FU Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research FX The authors thank Drs. V. Mahalakshmi, A. Menkir, Z. Muthamia, S. H. Zhang, Sutrisno, M. Yunus, P. Grudloyma and P. X. Hao for providing maize landraces for the study; Drs. J. Crouch, L. George, M. Tenaillon, B. Baldwin and M. Sawkins for advice on the manuscript, and Mr. H. Chavez and Ms. V. Combes for expert laboratory technical work. Funding was received from the Generation Challenge Program of the Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 EI 1573-5109 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 58 IS 8 BP 1243 EP 1261 DI 10.1007/s10722-010-9658-1 PG 19 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 839LM UT WOS:000296367200012 ER PT J AU Sie, KKY Medline, A van Weel, J Sohn, KJ Choi, SW Croxford, R Kim, YI AF Sie, Karen K. Y. Medline, Alan van Weel, Jacobine Sohn, Kyoung-Jin Choi, Sang-Woon Croxford, Ruth Kim, Young-In TI Effect of maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation on colorectal cancer risk in the offspring SO GUT LA English DT Article ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI; COLON-CANCER; DIETARY-FOLATE; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; DNA METHYLATION; PREGNANCY; CHEMOPREVENTION; DEFICIENCY; CHILDHOOD AB Background Intrauterine and early life exposure to folic acid has significantly increased in North America owing to folic acid fortification, widespread supplemental use and periconceptional folic acid supplementation. The effect of maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation on colorectal cancer risk in the offspring was investigated. Methods Female rats were placed on a control or supplemental (2.5x the control) diet prior to mating and during pregnancy and lactation. At weaning, male pups from each maternal diet group were randomised to the control or supplemental diet (n = 55 per each of the four maternal/pup diet groups) for 31 weeks and colorectal cancer was induced by azoxymethane at 5 weeks of age. At necropsy, colorectal cancer parameters as well as colorectal epithelial proliferation, apoptosis and global DNA methylation were determined in the offspring. Results Maternal, but not postweaning, folic acid supplementation significantly reduced the odds of colorectal adenocarcinoma by 64% in the offspring (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.71; p = 0.003). Pups from the dams fed the control diet that were given postweaning folic acid supplementation had significantly higher tumour multiplicity and burden than other groups (p< 0.05). Maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation interacted in a manner that decreased rectal epithelial proliferation (p< 0.05). Both maternal and postweaning folic acid supplementation significantly decreased DNA damage in the rectum (p< 0.05). Maternal folic acid supplementation significantly increased (p = 0.007), whereas postweaning supplementation significantly decreased (p<0.001), colorectal global DNA methylation. Conclusions The data suggest for the first time that maternal folic acid supplementation at the level equivalent to the average postfortification total folate intake in North America and to that recommended to women at reproductive age protects against the development of colorectal cancer in the offspring. This protective effect may be mediated in part by increased global DNA methylation and decreased epithelial proliferation and DNA damage in the colorectum. C1 [Kim, Young-In] St Michaels Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. [Sie, Karen K. Y.; Kim, Young-In] Univ Toronto, Dept Nutr Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Medline, Alan] Univ Toronto, Dept Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Medline, Alan] Humber River Reg Hosp, Dept Pathol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [van Weel, Jacobine] Univ Utrecht, Fac Med, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Sohn, Kyoung-Jin; Kim, Young-In] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Vitamin & Carcinogenesis Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Ageing, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kim, Young-In] St Michaels Hosp, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Inst, Keenan Res Ctr, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. RP Kim, YI (reprint author), St Michaels Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, 16CC 038,30 Bond St, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada. EM youngin.kim@utoronto.ca FU The Canadian Cancer Society [017078]; Canadian Institutes of Heath Research [14126]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research FX The Canadian Cancer Society (Grant # 017078; to YIK); Canadian Institutes of Heath Research (Grant # 14126; to YIK); Canadian Graduate Scholarships Master's Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (to KKYS). NR 46 TC 40 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 9 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 12 BP 1687 EP 1694 DI 10.1136/gut.2011.238782 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 844UQ UT WOS:000296774500011 PM 21561879 ER PT J AU Ciappio, ED Liu, ZH Brooks, RS Mason, JB Bronson, RT Crott, JW AF Ciappio, Eric D. Liu, Zhenhua Brooks, Ryan S. Mason, Joel B. Bronson, Roderick T. Crott, Jimmy W. TI Maternal B vitamin supplementation from preconception through weaning suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(1638N) mouse offspring SO GUT LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS; GENOMIC DNA METHYLATION; REDUCTASE DEFICIENCY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; COLONIC NEOPLASIA; FOLATE STATUS; RISK; APC; INSTABILITY; PREGNANCY AB Objective Variations in the intake of folate are capable of modulating colorectal tumorigenesis; however, the outcome appears to be dependent on timing. This study sought to determine the effect of altering folate (and related B vitamin) availability during in-utero development and the suckling period on intestinal tumorigenesis. Design Female wildtype mice were fed diets either mildly deficient, replete or supplemented with vitamins B-2, B-6, B-12 and folate for 4 weeks before mating to Apc(1638N) males. Females remained on their diet throughout pregnancy and until weaning. After weaning, all Apc(1638N) offspring were maintained on replete diets for 29 weeks. Results At 8 months of age tumour incidence was markedly lower among offspring of supplemented mothers (21%) compared with those of replete (59%) and deficient (55%) mothers (p = 0.03). Furthermore, tumours in pups born to deficient dams were most likely to be invasive (p-0.03). The expression of Apc, Sfrp 1, Wif1 and Wnt5a-all of which are negative regulatory elements of the Wnt signalling cascade-in the normal small intestinal mucosa of pups decreased with decreasing maternal B vitamin intake, and for Sfrp1 this was inversely related to promoter methylation. beta-Catenin protein was elevated in offspring of deficient dams. Conclusions These changes indicate a de-repression of the Wnt pathway in pups of deficient dams and form a plausible mechanism by which maternal B vitamin intake modulates tumorigenesis in offspring. These data indicate that maternal B vitamin supplementation suppresses, while deficiency promotes, intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(1638N) offspring. C1 [Ciappio, Eric D.; Liu, Zhenhua; Brooks, Ryan S.; Mason, Joel B.; Crott, Jimmy W.] Tufts Univ, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bronson, Roderick T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Crott, JW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jimmy.crott@tufts.edu FU NIH [2-T32-DK062032-18, 5-K05-CA100048-05]; Prevent Cancer Foundation; US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX This work was supported by grants from the NIH; 2-T32-DK062032-18 (EDC) and 5-K05-CA100048-05 (JBM) and Prevent Cancer Foundation (ZL). This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement no 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 12 BP 1695 EP 1702 DI 10.1136/gut.2011.240291 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 844UQ UT WOS:000296774500012 PM 21659408 ER PT J AU Pedersen, LE Harndahl, M Rasmussen, M Lamberth, K Golde, WT Lund, O Nielsen, M Buus, S AF Pedersen, Lasse Eggers Harndahl, Mikkel Rasmussen, Michael Lamberth, Kasper Golde, William T. Lund, Ole Nielsen, Morten Buus, Soren TI Porcine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and analysis of their peptide-binding specificities SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE Recombinant MHC; Peptide specificity; Binding predictions ID HLA-A; QUANTITATIVE PREDICTIONS; EPITOPES; EFFICIENCY; NETMHCPAN; SUPERTYPE; SEQUENCE; PROTEIN; MOUSE; QUERY AB In all vertebrate animals, CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are controlled by major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. These are highly polymorphic peptide receptors selecting and presenting endogenously derived epitopes to circulating CTLs. The polymorphism of the MHC effectively individualizes the immune response of each member of the species. We have recently developed efficient methods to generate recombinant human MHC-I (also known as human leukocyte antigen class I, HLA-I) molecules, accompanying peptide-binding assays and predictors, and HLA tetramers for specific CTL staining and manipulation. This has enabled a complete mapping of all HLA-I specificities ("the Human MHC Project"). Here, we demonstrate that these approaches can be applied to other species. We systematically transferred domains of the frequently expressed swine MHC-I molecule, SLA-1*0401, onto a HLA-I molecule (HLA-A*11:01), thereby generating recombinant human/swine chimeric MHC-I molecules as well as the intact SLA-1*0401 molecule. Biochemical peptide-binding assays and positional scanning combinatorial peptide libraries were used to analyze the peptide-binding motifs of these molecules. A pan-specific predictor of peptide-MHC-I binding, NetMHCpan, which was originally developed to cover the binding specificities of all known HLA-I molecules, was successfully used to predict the specificities of the SLA-1*0401 molecule as well as the porcine/human chimeric MHC-I molecules. These data indicate that it is possible to extend the biochemical and bioinformatics tools of the Human MHC Project to other vertebrate species. C1 [Pedersen, Lasse Eggers; Harndahl, Mikkel; Rasmussen, Michael; Lamberth, Kasper; Buus, Soren] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth Sci, Expt Immunol Lab, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Golde, William T.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY USA. [Lund, Ole; Nielsen, Morten] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Buus, S (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth Sci, Expt Immunol Lab, Panum 18-3-12,Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM sbuus@sund.ku.dk RI Lund, Ole/F-4437-2014; Nielsen, Morten/E-7754-2011; Buus, Soren/F-5446-2010; OI Lund, Ole/0000-0003-1108-0491; Nielsen, Morten/0000-0001-7885-4311; Buus, Soren/0000-0001-8363-1999 FU Danish Council for Independent Research, Technology and Production Sciences [274-09-0281]; National Institute of Health (NIH) [HHSN266200400025C] FX We thank Lise Lotte Bruun Nielsen, Anne Caroline Schmiegelow, and Iben Sara Pedersen for their expert experimental support. This work was in part supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research, Technology and Production Sciences (274-09-0281) and by the National Institute of Health (NIH) (HHSN266200400025C). NR 32 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 63 IS 12 BP 821 EP 834 DI 10.1007/s00251-011-0555-3 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 844YP UT WOS:000296790000004 PM 21739336 ER PT J AU Reif, KE Palmer, GH Ueti, MW Scoles, GA Margolis, JJ Monack, DM Noh, SM AF Reif, Kathryn E. Palmer, Guy H. Ueti, Massaro W. Scoles, Glen A. Margolis, J. J. Monack, D. M. Noh, Susan M. TI Dermacentor andersoni Transmission of Francisella tularensis subsp novicida Reflects Bacterial Colonization, Dissemination, and Replication Coordinated with Tick Feeding SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ANAPLASMA-MARGINALE; PROTEINS; MIDGUT; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; VARIABILIS; INFECTION; VECTOR AB Ticks serve as biological vectors for a wide variety of bacterial pathogens which must be able to efficiently colonize specific tick tissues prior to transmission. The bacterial determinants of tick colonization are largely unknown, a knowledge gap attributed in large part to the paucity of tools to genetically manipulate these pathogens. In this study, we demonstrated that Francisella tularensis subsp. novicida, for which a complete two-allele transposon mutant library has been constructed, initially infects the midguts of 100% of acquisition-fed Dermacentor andersoni nymphs, with stable colonization and replication during a subsequent molt. Increased dissemination to and marked replication within the salivary gland was closely linked to a second (transmission) feed and culminated in secretion of bacteria into the saliva and successful transmission. Simultaneous testing of multiple mutants resulted in total bacterial levels similar to those observed for single mutants. However, there was evidence of a bottleneck during colonization, resulting in a founder effect in which the most successful mutant varied when comparing individual ticks. Thus, it is essential to assess mutant success at the level of the tick population rather than in individual ticks. The ability of F. tularensis subsp. novicida to recapitulate the key physiological events by which bacteria colonize and are transmitted by ixodid ticks provides a new genome-wide approach to identify the required pathogen molecules and pathways. The identification of specific genes and, more importantly, conserved pathways that function at the tick-pathogen interface will accelerate the development of new methods to block transmission. C1 [Reif, Kathryn E.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Reif, Kathryn E.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ueti, Massaro W.; Scoles, Glen A.; Noh, Susan M.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Margolis, J. J.; Monack, D. M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Reif, KE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kreif@vetmed.wsu.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI093524, AI044005, T32AI007025, AI065359]; USDA ARS [5348-32000-027-00D/-01S] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AI093524 and AI044005 and USDA ARS grant 5348-32000-027-00D/-01S. K. E. Reif was supported by a NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship (T32AI007025). J. J. Marogolis and D. M. Monack were supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI065359. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 79 IS 12 BP 4941 EP 4946 DI 10.1128/IAI.05676-11 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 846RL UT WOS:000296920800019 PM 21930762 ER PT J AU Yennamalli, RM Wolt, JD Sen, TZ AF Yennamalli, Ragothaman M. Wolt, Jeffrey D. Sen, Taner Z. TI Dynamics of Endoglucanase Catalytic Domains: Implications Towards Thermostability SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID NORMAL-MODE ANALYSIS; ELASTIC NETWORK MODELS; ENHANCING PROTEIN THERMOSTABILITY; THERMOPHILIC ADAPTATION; LIGAND INTERACTIONS; INTRINSIC DYNAMICS; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GRAINED MODELS; UNBOUND STATE AB Thermostable endoglucanases play a crucial role in the production of biofuels to breakdown plant cellulose. Analyzing their structure-dynamics relationship can inform about the origins of their thermostability. Although tertiary structures of many endoglucanase proteins are available, the relationship between thermostability, structure, and dynamics is not explored fully. We have generated elastic network models for thermostable and mesostable endoglucanases with the (alpha/beta)(8) fold in substrate bound and unbound states. The comparative analyses shed light on the relation between protein dynamics, thermostability, and substrate binding. We observed specific differences in the dynamic behavior of catalytic residues in slow modes: while both the nucleophile and the acid/base donor residues show positively correlated motions in the thermophile, their dynamics is uncoupled in the mesophile. Our proof-of-concept comparison study suggests that global dynamics can be harnessed to further our understanding of thermostability. C1 [Yennamalli, Ragothaman M.; Sen, Taner Z.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wolt, Jeffrey D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wolt, Jeffrey D.] Iowa State Univ, Biosafety Inst Genetically Modified Agr Prod, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sen, Taner Z.] ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Sen, TZ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM taner@iastate.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-33522-04758] FX This project is supported by the Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program Competitive Grant no. 2008-33522-04758 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 29 IS 3 BP 509 EP 526 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 846TW UT WOS:000296927100007 PM 22066537 ER PT J AU Li, YY Yin, RX Lai, CQ Li, M Long, XJ Li, KL Liu, WY Zhang, L Wu, JZ AF Li, Y. -Y. Yin, R. -X. Lai, C. -Q. Li, M. Long, X. -J. Li, K. -L. Liu, W. -Y. Zhang, L. Wu, J. -Z. TI Association of apolipoprotein A5 gene polymorphisms and serum lipid levels SO NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Lipids; Apolipoproteins; Gene; Polymorphism; Risk factors ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS; PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDE; HEART-DISEASE; AV GENE; ETHNIC-GROUPS; APOA5 LOCUS; V GENE; RISK; CHOLESTEROL AB Background and aims: Apolipoprotein (APO) A5 gene polymorphisms have been associated with increased plasma triglyceride (TG), but the results are inconsistent. The present study was undertaken to detect the APOA5 gene polymorphisms and their associations with lipid profiles in the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations. Methods and results: Genotyping of the APOA5 -1131T>C, c.553G>T and c.457G>A was performed in 490 subjects of Hei Yi Zhuang and 540 participants of Han Chinese aged 15-89 years. The -1131C allele frequency was higher in high total cholesterol (TC) than in normal TC subgroups in both the ethnic groups (P < 0.05). The c.553T allele frequency was higher in high TG than in normal TG subgroups (P < 0.01), in high APOB than in normal APOB subgroups in Hei Yi Zhuang (P < 0.05), or in females than in males in Han (P < 0.01). The c.457A allele frequency in Han was higher in high TG than in normal TG subgroups, in low APOA1 than in normal APOA1 subgroups, in males than in females, or in normal APOB than in high APOB subgroups (P < 0.05-0.01). The levels of TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and APOB in Hei Yi Zhuang were correlated with -1131T>C genotype or allele, and the levels of TG were associated with c.553G>T genotype (P < 0.05). The levels of TG, APOA1 and APOB in Han were correlated with c.457G>A genotype or allele, and the levels of TC were associated with -1131T>C allele (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The differences in the lipid profiles between the two ethnic groups might partly result from different APOA5 gene-environmental interactions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Y. -Y.; Yin, R. -X.; Long, X. -J.; Li, K. -L.; Liu, W. -Y.; Zhang, L.; Wu, J. -Z.] Guangxi Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Cardiol, Inst Cardiovasc Dis, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Y. -Y.] Guangxi Natl Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Nanning, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Lai, C. -Q.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Li, M.] Workers Hosp Guangxi Liuzhou Iron & Steel Grp Co, Dept Internal Med, Liuzhou, Guangxi, Peoples R China. RP Yin, RX (reprint author), Guangxi Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Cardiol, Inst Cardiovasc Dis, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, Peoples R China. EM yinruixing@yahoo.com.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30360038] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30360038). NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0939-4753 J9 NUTR METAB CARDIOVAS JI Nutr. Metab. Carbiovasc. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 12 BP 947 EP 956 DI 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.04.004 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 846KM UT WOS:000296896900007 PM 20708914 ER PT J AU Garcia-Rios, A Perez-Martinez, P Mata, P Fuentes, F Lopez-Miranda, J Alonso, R Caballero, J Mata, N Perez-Jimenez, F Ordovas, JM AF Garcia-Rios, A. Perez-Martinez, P. Mata, P. Fuentes, F. Lopez-Miranda, J. Alonso, R. Caballero, J. Mata, N. Perez-Jimenez, F. Ordovas, J. M. TI Polymorphism at the TRIB1 gene modulates plasma lipid levels: Insight from the Spanish familial hypercholesterolemia cohort study SO NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Familial hypercholesterolemia; TRIB1 SNP; Gene-environmental interactions; Lipids ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CORNEAL ARCUS; MITOCHONDRIAL DAMAGE; RISK; POPULATION; SMOKING; SERUM; LOCI AB Background and aims: rs17321515 SNP has been associated with variation in LDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations. This effect has never been studied in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, our aims were to assess the association of the rs17321515 (TRIB1) SNP with plasma lipids concentrations and anthropometric variables and to explore the interaction between this SNP and some classic risk factors in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Methods and Results: rs17321515 SNP was genotyped in 531 subjects with genetic diagnosis of FH. Homozygous A/A had significantly higher waist circumference compared with G/G subjects (P = 0.006) and carriers of the minor allele G (P = 0.039). Interestingly, smokers homozygous for the A allele displayed higher plasma triglycerides concentrations (P = 0.029), higher VLDL-C levels (P = 0.023) and higher TC/HDL-C ratio (P = 0.035) than carriers of the minor allele G. In addition, homozygous A/A with the presence of arcus cornealis displayed lower plasma ApoA-I levels (P = 0.024) and higher TC/HDL-C ratio (P = 0.046) than carriers of the minor allele G. Conclusions: Smoking status and presence of arcus cornealis modulate the effect of rs17321515 (TRIB1) polymorphism on plasma lipids levels in patients with FH. These results could explain the differences in the susceptibility to coronary heart disease in these patients. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Garcia-Rios, A.; Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Garcia-Rios, A.; Perez-Martinez, P.; Fuentes, F.; Lopez-Miranda, J.; Perez-Jimenez, F.] Univ Cordoba, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Inst Maimonides Invest Biomed Cordoba IMIBIC, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp,CIBER Fisiopatol Obesid & N, E-14004 Cordoba, Spain. [Mata, P.; Alonso, R.; Mata, N.] Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Lipid Clin, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu OI Perez-Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-7499-7681; Perez Martinez, Pablo/0000-0001-7716-8117; Perez Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-9808-1280; FUENTES JIMENEZ, FRANCISCO/0000-0002-4584-7366; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU CIBER [CBO/6/03]; ISCiii; CICYT [SAF 01/2466-C05 04]; SAF [01/0366]; AGL [2004-07907, 2006-01979]; Spanish Ministry of Health [FIS 01/0449, FIS PI041619]; Hospital Reina Sofia-Cajasur; SAS [00/212, 00/39, 01/239, 01/243, 02/64, 02/65, 02/78, 03/73, 03/75, 04/237, 04/191, 04/238, 05/396]; Consejeria de Educacion, UCO; Centro Excelencia Investigadora Aceite de Oliva y Salud; NIH [HL54776, DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; [CNIC-08-2008] FX This work was supported by research grants from the CNIC-08-2008; CIBER (CBO/6/03), ISCiii; CICYT (SAF 01/2466-C05 04 to F P-J, SAF 01/0366 to J L-M, AGL 2004-07907 to J L-M, AGL 2006-01979 to JL-M), the Spanish Ministry of Health (FIS 01/0449, FIS PI041619 to CM); Hospital Reina Sofia-Cajasur; SAS (00/212, 00/39, 01/239, 01/243, 02/64, 02/65, 02/78, 03/73, 03/75, 04/237, 04/191, 04/238, 05/396); Consejeria de Educacion, UCO; Centro Excelencia Investigadora Aceite de Oliva y Salud and by NIH grants HL54776 and DK075030 and contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research Service. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0939-4753 J9 NUTR METAB CARDIOVAS JI Nutr. Metab. Carbiovasc. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 12 BP 957 EP 963 DI 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.04.002 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 846KM UT WOS:000296896900008 PM 20692138 ER PT J AU Zhang, BC Luo, YG Wang, Q AF Zhang, Boce Luo, Yaguang Wang, Qin TI Development of silver/alpha-lactalbumin nanocomposites: a new approach to reduce silver toxicity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS LA English DT Article DE Silver; alpha-Lactalbumin; Cysteine; Toxicity; Antimicrobial agent ID BOVINE ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN; DISULFIDE BONDS; COMPOSITES; COMPLEXES; PROTEINS; ION AB The current use of silver is limited to certain medical applications owing to two major toxicity concerns, namely low haemocompatibility and silver release-induced skin discoloration, both of which have been attributed to the interaction between silver and blood cysteine. To address these challenges, in this study silver/protein nanocomposites were prepared using alpha-lactalbumin (ALA), a high-cysteine protein. The effect of the cysteine redox state of ALA on physicochemical characteristics was evaluated, and the nanocomposites were formed by Ag-S or Ag-N coordination bonds and electrostatic attractions. The optimum balance between antimicrobial efficacy and toxicity was achieved by treating freshly prepared silver and reduced ALA (ALAred) nanocomposite with ultraviolet radiation, which resulted in a dramatic reduction in toxicity and maintenance of antimicrobial activity. We anticipate that these promising results may have a great impact on broadening the clinical application of silver-based antimicrobial agents. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Boce; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Luo, Yaguang] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0112 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM wangqin@umd.edu FU Maryland NanoCenter (University of Maryland, College Park, MD); US Department of Agriculture (USDA) FX The authors acknowledge the support of the Maryland NanoCenter (University of Maryland, College Park, MD).; This work was partially supported by a US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Hatch Fund. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-8579 J9 INT J ANTIMICROB AG JI Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents PD DEC PY 2011 VL 38 IS 6 BP 502 EP 509 DI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.07.009 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 842HR UT WOS:000296588200007 PM 21908177 ER PT J AU Burt, S Crombie, K Jin, Y Wurzelbacher, S Ramsey, J Deddens, J AF Burt, Susan Crombie, Ken Jin, Yan Wurzelbacher, Steve Ramsey, Jessica Deddens, James TI Workplace and individual risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WASHINGTON-STATE; HAND ACTIVITY; WORK; OCCUPATION; REPETITION; EXPOSURE; FORCE; WRIST; TASKS AB Objectives To quantify the relationship between workplace physical factors, particularly hand activity level (HAL) and forceful exertion and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), while taking into account individual factors. To compare quantitative exposure assessment measures with more practical ratings-based measures. Methods In a group of healthcare and manufacturing workers, each study participant's job tasks were evaluated for HAL, forceful exertion and other physical stressors and videotaped for further analysis, including frequency and duration of exertion and postural deviation. Electrodiagnostic testing of median and ulnar nerves and questionnaires were administered to all participants. A CTS case required median mononeuropathy and symptoms on hand diagrams in fingers 1-3. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse associations between job and individual factors and CTS. Results Of 477 workers studied, 57 (11.9%) were dominant hand CTS cases. Peak force >= 70% maximum voluntary contraction versus <20% maximum voluntary contraction resulted in an OR of 2.74 (1.32-5.68) for CTS. Among those with a body mass index >= 30, the OR for >= 15 exertions per minute was 3.35 (1.14-9.87). Peak worker ratings of perceived exertion increased the odds for CTS by 1.14 (1.01-1.29) for each unit increase on the 10-point scale. The odds for CTS increased by 1.38 (1.05-1.81) for each unit increase on the HAL 10-point scale among men, but not women. Combined force and HAL values above the ACGIH TLV for HAL resulted in an OR of 2.96 (1.51-5.80) for CTS. Discussion/Conclusions Quantitative and ratings-based job exposure measures were each associated with CTS. Obesity increased the association between frequency of exertion and CTS. C1 [Burt, Susan; Jin, Yan; Wurzelbacher, Steve] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Crombie, Ken] USDA, US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramsey, Jessica] NIOSH, Hazard Evaluat & Tech Assistance Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Deddens, James] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Burt, S (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM sburt@cdc.gov OI Burt, Susan/0000-0002-4353-9773 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA I) FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, as part of the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA I) research program in 2000. NR 40 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 68 IS 12 BP 928 EP 933 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.063677 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845AG UT WOS:000296794600012 PM 21613639 ER PT J AU Hertog, MLATM Rudell, DR Pedreschi, R Schaffer, RJ Geeraerd, AH Nicolai, BM Ferguson, I AF Hertog, Maarten L. A. T. M. Rudell, David R. Pedreschi, Romina Schaffer, Robert J. Geeraerd, Annemie H. Nicolai, Bart M. Ferguson, Ian TI Where systems biology meets postharvest SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Systems biology; Modelling; Metabolomics; Proteomics; Genomics; Transcriptomics ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SQUARES DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; TOMATO FRUIT-DEVELOPMENT; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; METABOLIC FLUX ANALYSIS; PYRUS-COMMUNIS L.; GENE-EXPRESSION; PEACH FRUIT; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS AB According to the dictionary, a system is something like "a group or combination of interrelated, interdependent, or interacting elements forming a collective entity". In postharvest, fresh harvested food crops can be considered isolated small scale systems. Postharvest research aims to understand the quality of these 'systems' as influenced by postharvest conditions. The phenotypic quality of horticultural produce is based on genetic traits that are expressed through a cascade of reactions subject to complex regulatory mechanisms and diverse environmental conditions. Ultimately, to fully understand postharvest phenomena, a systemic approach that links genetic and environmental responses and identifies the underlying biological networks is required. Thanks to the development of high throughput omics techniques such system-wide approaches have become a viable option to support traditional postharvest research. This review provides an overview of systems biology and how it can lead postharvest research into a new era. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hertog, Maarten L. A. T. M.; Pedreschi, Romina; Geeraerd, Annemie H.; Nicolai, Bart M.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, BIOSYST MeBioS, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Rudell, David R.] ARS, Fruit Res Lab, USDA, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Schaffer, Robert J.; Ferguson, Ian] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand. [Nicolai, Bart M.] Flanders Ctr Postharvest Technol, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. RP Hertog, MLATM (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, BIOSYST MeBioS, W de Croylaan 42, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. EM maarten.hertog@biw.kuleuven.be RI Ferguson, Ian/E-7093-2010; nicolai, bart/L-6129-2013; Pedreschi, Romina/F-9744-2016; OI nicolai, bart/0000-0001-5267-1920; Pedreschi, Romina/0000-0001-9927-2919; Geeraerd, Annemie/0000-0001-8473-4092; Hertog, Maarten/0000-0002-3840-5746 NR 218 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 62 IS 3 BP 223 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.05.007 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 843SH UT WOS:000296692400001 ER PT J AU Xiao, ZL Luo, YC Luo, YG Wang, Q AF Xiao, Zhenlei Luo, Yangchao Luo, Yaguang Wang, Qin TI Combined effects of sodium chlorite dip treatment and chitosan coatings on the quality of fresh-cut d'Anjou pears SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fresh-cut pear; Sodium chlorite; Edible coating; Chitosan; Carboxymethyl chitosan; Enzymatic browning; Polyphenol oxidase; Weight loss; Microbial inactivation ID MINIMALLY PROCESSED FRUITS; CARBOXYMETHYL-CHITOSAN; BROWNING INHIBITION; EDIBLE COATINGS; SHELF-LIFE; POLYPHENOLOXIDASE; INACTIVATION; COMBINATION; VEGETABLES; KINETICS AB This study evaluated the effects of sodium chlorite (SC) alone and its sequential treatment with edible coatings on browning inhibition and quality maintenance of fresh-cut d'Anjou pears. Edible coatings were prepared from chitosan (CH) and its water-soluble derivative carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH), separately. Pear wedges were immersed in SC solution, followed by coating with CH or CMCH solutions. The samples were packed in unsealed bags and stored at 4 degrees C for subsequent color, firmness, and weight loss measurement. The effects of the SC and coating treatments on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) inhibition and microbial inactivation were also evaluated. Results indicated that SC exhibited significant (P<0.05) inhibition of browning and PPO activity. The SC treatment was also strongly effective in inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7 on pear slices. Coating SC-treated pear slices with CH adversely affected the quality of pear slices by accelerating the discoloration of cut surfaces and increasing the PPO activity. On the contrary, coating SC-treated samples with CMCH significantly prevented the browning reaction and inhibited PPO activity. In addition, SC and CH/CMCH coatings maintained tissue firmness and did not affect weight loss. Our study may provide a scientific basis for the use of SC+ CMCH treatment as an alternative preservation treatment for fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xiao, Zhenlei; Luo, Yangchao; Wang, Qin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Luo, Yaguang] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, Q (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0112 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM wangqin@umd.edu RI Luo, Yangchao/I-2689-2012 OI Luo, Yangchao/0000-0002-0001-1194 NR 46 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 62 IS 3 BP 319 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.07.007 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 843SH UT WOS:000296692400013 ER PT J AU Maleki, SJ Teuber, SS Cheng, H Chen, D Comstock, SS Ruan, S Schein, CH AF Maleki, S. J. Teuber, S. S. Cheng, H. Chen, D. Comstock, S. S. Ruan, S. Schein, C. H. TI Computationally predicted IgE epitopes of walnut allergens contribute to cross-reactivity with peanuts SO ALLERGY LA English DT Article DE epitope; food allergy; peanut allergy; Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins; walnut allergy ID ARA H 3; BINDING EPITOPES; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; IN-VITRO; PROTEINS; ARA-H-2; ASSOCIATION; SEQUENCE; DATABASE; PEPTIDE AB Background: Cross-reactivity between peanuts and tree nuts implies that similar immunoglobulin E (IgE) epitopes are present in their proteins. Objective: To determine whether walnut sequences similar to known peanut IgE-binding sequences, according to the property distance (PD) scale implemented in the Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins, react with IgE from sera of patients with allergy to walnut and/or peanut. Methods: Patient sera were characterized by western blotting for IgE binding to nut protein extracts and to peptides from walnut and peanut allergens, similar to known peanut epitopes as defined by low PD values, synthesized on membranes. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to show that peanut and predicted walnut epitope sequences compete with purified Ara h 2 for binding to IgE in serum from a cross-reactive patient. Results: Sequences from the vicilin walnut allergen Jug r 2, which had low PD values to epitopes of the peanut allergen Ara h 2, a 2S albumin, bound to IgE in sera from five patients who reacted to either walnut or peanut or both. A walnut epitope recognized by sera from six patients mapped to a surface-exposed region on a model of the N-terminal pro-region of Jug r 2. This predicted walnut epitope competed for IgE binding to Ara h 2 in serum as well as the known IgE epitope from Ara h 2. Conclusions: Sequences with low PD value (<8.5) to known IgE epitopes could contribute to cross-reactivity between allergens. This further validates the PD scoring method for predicting cross-reactive epitopes in allergens. C1 [Maleki, S. J.; Cheng, H.; Ruan, S.] ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Teuber, S. S.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Clin Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Schein, C. H.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. RP Maleki, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM soheila.maleki@ars.usda.gov; chschein@utmb.edu RI Schein, Catherine/A-1426-2012; OI Schein, Catherine/0000-0002-8290-2109 FU Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RE-83406601-0]; NIH [R01 AI064913]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX This research was supported by funds from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA RE-83406601-0 to CHS), the NIH (R01 AI064913), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0105-4538 EI 1398-9995 J9 ALLERGY JI Allergy PD DEC PY 2011 VL 66 IS 12 BP 1522 EP 1529 DI 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02692.x PG 8 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 839AB UT WOS:000296335200002 PM 21883278 ER PT J AU Schmer, MR Liebig, MA Vogel, KP Mitchell, RB AF Schmer, M. R. Liebig, M. A. Vogel, K. P. Mitchell, R. B. TI Field-scale soil property changes under switchgrass managed for bioenergy SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE biofuel; soil organic carbon; soil property changes; switchgrass ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; WARM-SEASON GRASSES; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; LANDSCAPE POSITION; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; ORGANIC-MATTER; BIG BLUESTEM; YIELD; NITROGEN; SYSTEMS AB The capacity of perennial grasses to affect change in soil properties is well documented but information on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) managed for bioenergy is limited. An on-farm study (10 fields) in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska was sampled before switchgrass establishment and after 5 years to determine changes in soil bulk density (SBD), pH, soil phosphorus (P), and equivalent mass soil organic carbon (SOC). Changes in SBD were largely constrained to near-surface depths (0-0.05 m). SBD increased (0-0.05 m) at the Nebraska locations (mean = 0.16 Mg m(-3)), while most South Dakota and North Dakota locations showed declines in SBD (mean = -0.18 Mg m(-3); range = -0.42-0.07 Mg m(-3)). Soil pH change was significant at five of the 10 locations at near surface depths (0-0.05 m), but absolute changes were modest (range = -0.67-0.44 pH units). Available P declined at all sites where it was measured (North Dakota and South Dakota locations). When summed across the surface 0.3 m depth, annual decreases in available P averaged 1.5 kg P ha(-1) yr(-1) (range = 0.5-2.8 kg P ha(-1) yr(-1)). Averaged across locations, equivalent mass SOC increased by 0.5 and 2.4 Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) for the 2500 and 10 000 Mg ha(-1) soil masses, respectively. Results from this study underscore the contribution of switchgrass to affect soil property changes, though considerable variation in soil properties exists within and across locations. C1 [Schmer, M. R.; Liebig, M. A.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Vogel, K. P.; Mitchell, R. B.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Schmer, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM marty.schmer@ars.usda.gov RI Schmer, Marty/H-3586-2011 NR 53 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1757-1693 J9 GCB BIOENERGY JI GCB Bioenergy PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 6 BP 439 EP 448 DI 10.1111/j.1757-1707.2011.01099.x PG 10 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 840VB UT WOS:000296468300002 ER PT J AU Binkiene, R Kontrimavichus, V Hoberg, EP AF Binkiene, R. Kontrimavichus, V. Hoberg, E. P. TI Overview of the cestode fauna of European shrews of the genus Sorex with comments on the fauna in Neomys and Crocidura and an exploration of historical processes in post-glacial Europe SO HELMINTHOLOGIA LA English DT Review DE Cestodes; Biogeography; Colonization; Post-Glacial Europe; Sorex ID HELMINTH FAUNA; MICROTUS-AGRESTIS; PALEARCTIC REGION; SMALL MAMMALS; COMMON SHREW; WATER SHREWS; HYMENOLEPIDIDAE; PARASITES; CYCLOPHYLLIDEA; COLONIZATION AB The cestode fauna in shrews of the genus Sorex from the European region consists of seventeen species. Twelve cestode species have broad Palearctic distributions, three belong to the Western-Asian-European faunistic complex, and only two are endemic to the European zone. Postglacial expansion into the European territory resulted in geographic colonization by sixteen species. The large number of cestode species with transpalearctic ranges, as well as paleontological data indicating a nearly complete faunal turnover for species of Sorex in the Pleistocene, suggests that these parasites are more ancient than the assemblage of contemporary hosts in which they now occur, and thus represent ecological relicts. We suggest that origins of the cestode fauna pre-date those of the modern fauna of its hosts, and that initial formation and radiation occurred not later than the Pliocene. In the current review, we outline testable hypotheses to explore the structure, history and development of this fauna which appears limited to species of Sorex. C1 [Binkiene, R.; Kontrimavichus, V.] Nat Res Ctr, Inst Ecol, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Hoberg, E. P.] ARS, US Natl Parasite Collect, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Binkiene, R (reprint author), Nat Res Ctr, Inst Ecol, Akad 2, Vilnius, Lithuania. EM v.kontrimavichius@takas.lt OI Binkiene, Rasa/0000-0003-3259-9444 FU Lithuanian State Science and Study Foundation FX Our grateful thanks to V. S. Anikanova, L. Baltrunaite, B. Georgiev, and P. Mutafchiev who kindly helped with the collection of cestodes. Also, we are grateful to V. D. Gulyaev and S. K. Kornienko for the assistance in identification, M. Spakulova for her aid in the re-examination of J. Mituch's collection, and to F. Moravec for the examination of J. Prokopic's collection as well as the information on its condition. We are especially grateful to V. D. Gulyaev for his substantial aid and criticism in preparing this article. The study was supported by the Lithuanian State Science and Study Foundation. NR 247 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 18 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0440-6605 EI 1336-9083 J9 HELMINTHOLOGIA JI Helminthologia PD DEC PY 2011 VL 48 IS 4 BP 207 EP 228 DI 10.2478/s11687-011-0031-5 PG 22 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 839RL UT WOS:000296386300001 ER PT J AU Casas, E Garcia, MD Wells, JE Smith, TPL AF Casas, E. Garcia, M. D. Wells, J. E. Smith, T. P. L. TI Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ANKRA2 and CD180 genes with bovine respiratory disease and presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE bovine chromosome 20; bovine respiratory disease; Johne's disease; single nucleotide polymorphism ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; HOLSTEIN CATTLE; JOHNES-DISEASE; US HOLSTEINS; BEEF-CATTLE; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; MILK; SUSCEPTIBILITY; COMPLEX AB The objective was to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ANKRA2 and CD180 genes are associated with incidence of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in cattle. Two independent populations were used. The first population (BRD-affected; N = 90) was composed of 31 half-sib progeny, from a Brahman x Angus sire, that were treated for BRD. Untreated offspring from the sire were selected to serve as controls. The second population (MAP-infected) of 330 animals of unknown parentage was evaluated for the presence of MAP in ileocecal lymph node and classified as positive or negative. Markers in both genes were assessed for association in these two populations. In the BRD-affected population, five SNPs in the ANKRA2 gene were significantly associated (P < 0.05), and two SNPs were highly associated (P < 0.01) with incidence of BRD. In addition, two SNPs in the CD180 gene were found to be associated with this trait. In the MAP-infected population, one SNP in the ANKRA2 gene was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the presence or absence of MAP, and a SNP in the CD180 gene was highly associated (P < 0.01) with the trait. Haplotypes, using significant markers, showed a positive association with both incidence of BRD (P = 0.0001) and with the presence of MAP (P = 0.0032). Markers in the ANKRA2 and CD180 genes are associated with the ability of the animal to cope with pathogens. C1 [Casas, E.; Garcia, M. D.; Wells, J. E.; Smith, T. P. L.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. RP Casas, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE USA. EM Eduardo.Casas@ARS.USDA.Gov NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-9146 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 42 IS 6 BP 571 EP 577 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02189.x PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 838WZ UT WOS:000296325900001 PM 22034997 ER PT J AU Prasad, PVV Pisipati, SR Momcilovic, I Ristic, Z AF Prasad, P. V. V. Pisipati, S. R. Momcilovic, I. Ristic, Z. TI Independent and Combined Effects of High Temperature and Drought Stress During Grain Filling on Plant Yield and Chloroplast EF-Tu Expression in Spring Wheat SO JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll content; chloroplast protein synthesis elongation factor; grain number; grain weight; heat stress; photosynthesis ID SYNTHESIS ELONGATION-FACTOR; ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSES; CULTIVAR DIFFERENCES; THERMAL AGGREGATION; ABIOTIC STRESS; HARVEST INDEX; SHORT PERIODS AB High temperature and drought stress are among the two most important environmental factors influencing crop growth, development and yield processes. These two stresses commonly occur in combination. Objectives of this research were to investigate the independent and combined effects of high temperature and drought stress during grain filling on physiological, vegetative and yield traits and expression of a chloroplast protein synthesis elongation factor (EF-Tu) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two spring wheat cultivars (Pavon-76 and Seri-82) were grown at control temperatures (CT; day/night, 24/14 degrees C; 16/8 h photo/dark period) from sowing to heading. Thereafter, one half of the plants were exposed to high temperature stress (HT; 31/18 degrees C in Exp. 1 and 34/22 degrees C in Exp. 2), drought stress (withholding water), or a combination of both HT and drought stress. There were significant influences of HT and/or drought stress on physiological, growth and yield traits. There was no cultivar or cultivar by temperature or cultivar by drought interaction effects on most traits. The decreases in leaf photosynthesis were greater at HT compared with drought alone throughout the stress period, and the combination of HT and drought had the lowest leaf photosynthetic rates. Overall, HT or drought had similar effects (about 48-56 % decrease) on spikelet fertility, grain numbers and grain yield. High temperature decreased grain numbers (by 56 % averaged across both experiments) and individual grain weight (by 25 %), while, respective decreases due to drought were 48 % and 35 %. This suggests that the grain numbers were more sensitive to HT and grain weights to drought for the range of temperatures tested in this research. The interaction between HT and drought stress was significant for total dry weights, harvest index and spikelet fertility, particularly when HT stress was severe (34/22 degrees C). The combined effects of HT and drought were greater than additive effects of HT or drought alone for leaf chlorophyll content, grain numbers and harvest index. High temperature stress and the combination of HT and drought stress but not drought stress alone resulted in the overexpression of EF-Tu in both spring wheat cultivars. C1 [Prasad, P. V. V.; Pisipati, S. R.; Momcilovic, I.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Momcilovic, I.] Inst Biol Res, Dept Plant Physiol, Belgrade, Serbia. [Ristic, Z.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Prasad, PVV (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, 2004 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM vara@ksu.edu RI Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012 OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361 FU Kansas Wheat Commission; Kansas Crop Improvement Association; Department of Agronomy; Agricultural and Food Research Initiative of National Institute of Food and Agriculture from United States Department of Agriculture FX We thank the Kansas Wheat Commission, Kansas Crop Improvement Association and Department of Agronomy for partial financial support. We also thank Wheat Coordinated Agricultural Project funded through Agricultural and Food Research Initiative of National Institute of Food and Agriculture from United States Department of Agriculture. We thank Dr Jianming Fu and Ms U. Bukovnik for their help during data collection. Mention of trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the United States Department of Agriculture, and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products which may also be suitable. Contribution no. 09-090-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 45 TC 59 Z9 65 U1 7 U2 65 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2250 J9 J AGRON CROP SCI JI J. Agron. Crop Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 197 IS 6 BP 430 EP 441 DI 10.1111/j.1439-037X.2011.00477.x PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 835VT UT WOS:000296065500003 ER PT J AU Zhang, DY Shi, X Wang, JC Liu, HL Gaskin, JF AF Zhang, DaoYuan Shi, Xiang Wang, JianCheng Liu, HuiLiang Gaskin, John F. TI Breeding system and its consequence on fruit set of a rare sand dune shrub Eremosparton songoricum (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae): implications for conservation SO JOURNAL OF ARID LAND LA English DT Article DE geitonogamy; inbreeding depression; inland sand dunes; self-fertilization; pollen brush; tripping mechanism ID POPULATION GENETIC CONSEQUENCES; POLLEN-STIGMA INTERACTION; SELF-FERTILIZATION; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; HERMAPHRODITE PLANTS; GURBANTUNGGUT DESERT; SEED PRODUCTION; LEGUMINOSAE; POLLINATION; LIMITATION AB The breeding system and its consequence on fruit set of Eremosparton songoricum (Litv.) Vass., a rare shrubby legume occurring in moving or semi-fixed sand dunes of Central Asian deserts, were examined by manipulative experiments and observational studies in natural populations during the period of 2007-2009. The results showed that E. songoricum exhibits a mixed mating system. It is self-compatible, but depends strictly on pollinators to set fruits. Only two effective pollinators were detected and they triggered the specialized pollination mechanism (a 'brush type' and 'tripping mechanism'). Geitonogamy becomes predominant in natural populations, because (74.5 +/- 1.3)% of visiting activity happened within or between inflorescences and (24.3 +/- 1.4)% occurred between ramets. As a result, inbreeding depression caused by geitonogamous selfing inevitably happened under natural conditions, showing 2.36 times less fruit set than was achieved by hand cross-pollination. The results explained the rarity of the species due to its breeding system, and will assist to develop suitable conservation strategies in severe desert environments. C1 [Zhang, DaoYuan; Wang, JianCheng; Liu, HuiLiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, Key Lab Biogeog & Bioresources Arid Land, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. [Zhang, DaoYuan; Wang, JianCheng; Liu, HuiLiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Turpan Eremophytes Bot Garden, Turpan 838008, Peoples R China. [Shi, Xiang] Shihezi Univ, Coll Agr, Coll Forestry, Shihezi 832011, Peoples R China. [Gaskin, John F.] ARS, USDA, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Zhang, DY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, Key Lab Biogeog & Bioresources Arid Land, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China. EM daoyuanzhang@163.net FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30970547, 31070472]; National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB825104] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30970547, 31070472) and the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB825104). NR 49 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 18 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING, 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-6767 J9 J ARID LAND JI J. Arid Land PD DEC PY 2011 VL 3 IS 4 BP 231 EP 239 DI 10.3724/SP.J.1227.2011.00231 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 838DB UT WOS:000296265900001 ER PT J AU Lin, X Wisniewski, ME Duman, JG AF Lin, Xia Wisniewski, Michael E. Duman, John. G. TI Expression of Two Self-enhancing Antifreeze Proteins from the Beetle Dendroides canadensis in Arabidopsis thaliana SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Antifreeze protein; Arabidopsis thaliana; Cold tolerance; Dendroides canadensis; Multi-gene transformation; Transgenic ID THERMAL HYSTERESIS PROTEIN; RICH-REPEAT PROTEIN; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; ICE NUCLEATORS; BITTERSWEET NIGHTSHADE; FREEZING RESISTANCE; SUPERCOOLED STATE; SOLANUM-DULCAMARA; FLORAL DIP; PLANTS AB Antifreeze proteins depress the non-equilibrium freezing point of aqueous solutions, but only have a small effect on the equilibrium melting point. This difference between the freezing and melting points has been termed thermal hysteresis activity (THA). THA identifies the presence and relative activity of antifreeze proteins. Two antifreeze protein cDNAs, dafp-1 and dafp-4, encoding two self-enhancing (have a synergistic effect on THA) antifreeze proteins (DAFPs) from the beetle Dendroides canadensis, were introduced into the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana via Agrobacterium-mediated floral dip transformation. Southern blot analysis indicated multiple insertions of transgenes. Both DAFP-1 and/or DAFP-4 were expressed in transgenic A. thaliana as shown by RT-PCR and Western blot. Apoplastic fluid from T (3) DAFP-1 + DAFP-4-producing transgenic A. thaliana exhibited THA in the range of 1.2-1.35A degrees C (using the capillary method to determine THA), demonstrating the presence of functioning antifreeze proteins (with signal peptides for extracellular secretion). The freezing temperature of DAFP-1 + DAFP-4-producing transgenic A. thaliana was lowered by approximately 2-3A degrees C compared with the wild type. C1 [Lin, Xia; Duman, John. G.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Wisniewski, Michael E.] USDA ARS, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Duman, JG (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, 107 Galvin Life Sci Ctr, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM jduman@nd.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0618342] FX This work was partially supported by National Science Foundation grant IOS-0618342 to JGD. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 29 IS 4 BP 802 EP 813 DI 10.1007/s11105-011-0287-4 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 835WW UT WOS:000296068700005 ER PT J AU Xiong, YQ Li, QB Kang, BH Chourey, PS AF Xiong, Yuqing Li, Qin-Bao Kang, Byung-Ho Chourey, Prem S. TI Discovery of Genes Expressed in Basal Endosperm Transfer Cells in Maize Using 454 Transcriptome Sequencing SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Microdissection; Basal endosperm transfer cells; Transcriptome; 454 Pyrosequencing; Real-time quantitative PCR; In situ hybridization ID SEED DEVELOPMENT; WALL INVERTASE; ZEA-MAYS; DIFFERENTIATION; PEDICEL; BIOSYNTHESIS; MUTATION; ENCODES; GENOME; TISSUE AB Endosperm in a developing seed of maize is a major storage tissue for starch and proteins, and is of immense economic significance for its role in food, feed, and biofuel production. Of the total four cell types in developing endosperm, basal endosperm transfer cells (BETCs) are known to perform a major role in solute acquisition from post-phloem maternal tissues of developing seeds of the plant. To identify all transcripts expressed in the BETCs, we employed here a simplified microdissection method to isolate the BETCs from developing kernels at 12 days after pollination. Total RNA was extracted from such BETCs and used for cDNA synthesis. The 5,790 reads of cDNAs with an average length of 218 nucleotides were generated through 454 sequencing of a partial (1/16) run of a picotiter plate. After trimming, a total of 4,505 reads were used for clustering and assembly that led to 682 contigs and 1,791 singletons. A select set of genes showing high abundance in the above transcript reads were tested and validated for the BETC-specific expression by qPCR and by in situ hybridization. Positive results from these tests and the undetectability of expression of the marker genes relating to the embryo surrounding region located adjacent to the BETCs suggested that our microdissection method was successful in harvesting the BETC-enriched cells. Functional annotation and categorization of the 2,473 unique sequences showed high abundance of transcripts related to mitochondrial activity, stress stimulus, alkaloid biosynthesis related to defense genes and various signaling functions essential for seed development. C1 [Chourey, Prem S.] ARS, CMAVE, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Xiong, Yuqing; Kang, Byung-Ho] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kang, Byung-Ho] Univ Florida, Interdisciplinary Ctr Biotechnol Res, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Li, Qin-Bao] ARS, CMAVE, Dept Agr, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Li, Qin-Bao] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol & Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Program Plant Mol Cellular Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Chourey, PS (reprint author), ARS, CMAVE, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. EM Prem.Chourey@ars.usda.gov RI Xiong, Yuqing/D-5404-2009; Kang, Byung-Ho/F-5262-2013 OI Xiong, Yuqing/0000-0001-5826-3696; FU University of Florida High-Performance Computing Center FX We thank Dr. Yongsheng Wang for assistance with cryofixation. We also acknowledge the University of Florida High-Performance Computing Center (http://hpc.ufl.edu) for providing computational resources and support that have contributed to the research results reported within this paper. NR 52 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 29 IS 4 BP 835 EP 847 DI 10.1007/s11105-011-0291-8 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 835WW UT WOS:000296068700008 ER PT J AU Soria-Guerra, RE Rosales-Mendoza, S Gasic, K Wisniewski, ME Band, M Korban, SS AF Soria-Guerra, Ruth Elena Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio Gasic, Ksenija Wisniewski, Michael E. Band, Mark Korban, Schuyler S. TI Gene Expression is Highly Regulated in Early Developing Fruit of Apple SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Malus x domestica; Gene expression; Microarray analysis; Fruit development; Functional annotation ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; DNA MICROARRAYS; SEQUENCE TAGS; PROLINE-RICH; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEIN; TOMATO; RESISTANCE; STRAWBERRY AB An oligonucleotide-based microarray for apple was developed consisting of similar to 40,000 sequences, along with positive and negative controls, obtained from 34 cDNA libraries constructed from both vegetative and reproductive tissues at different stages of development, varying genotypes, and under different biotic and abiotic stresses. This apple microarray was used to investigate global gene expression profiles in early developing fruit of three apple genotypes, including "Golden Delicious", "Gala", and "Fuji". A set of 3,348 genes, exhibiting significant differential expression profiles among the three different genotypes, was identified. This set primarily included genes encoding enzymes involved in metabolism and genes related to cell cycle. Differentially expressed genes were grouped into 17 functional categories. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) confirmed differential expression for most genes detected in the microarray analysis, particularly those involved in cell division, cell expansion, and cell enlargement. Among those genes investigated, EF-1 alpha and PRP exhibited differential expression in different apple genotypes and demonstrated a regulatory role during early fruit development. Moreover, a total of 12 differentially expressed genes were identified during early fruit development in three genotypes of apple. These included genes encoding for aminotransferase family protein, DnaJ heat shock, histone, rubisco activase, and tetratricopeptide (TPR) repeat containing protein. This genome-wide analysis suggested that genes engaged in early fruit development among different genotypes of apple are highly regulated. C1 [Soria-Guerra, Ruth Elena; Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio; Gasic, Ksenija; Korban, Schuyler S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wisniewski, Michael E.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Band, Mark] Univ Illinois, Funct Genom Unit, WM Keck Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Korban, SS (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM korban@illinois.edu FU Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research [06I-003-3-SEN]; University of Illinois Office of Research [875-325]; USDA-ARS FX This project was supported by funds from the Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research, C-FAR grant no. 06I-003-3-SEN, the University of Illinois Office of Research Project 875-325, and USDA-ARS. NR 50 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 29 IS 4 BP 885 EP 897 DI 10.1007/s11105-011-0300-y PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 835WW UT WOS:000296068700013 ER PT J AU Cho, S Zwick, A Regier, JC Mitter, C Cummings, MP Yao, JX Du, ZL Zhao, H Kawahara, AY Weller, S Davis, DR Baixeras, J Brown, JW Parr, C AF Cho, Soowon Zwick, Andreas Regier, Jerome C. Mitter, Charles Cummings, Michael P. Yao, Jianxiu Du, Zaile Zhao, Hong Kawahara, Akito Y. Weller, Susan Davis, Donald R. Baixeras, Joaquin Brown, John W. Parr, Cynthia TI Can Deliberately Incomplete Gene Sample Augmentation Improve a Phylogeny Estimate for the Advanced Moths and Butterflies (Hexapoda: Lepidoptera)? SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ditrysia; gene sampling; Hexapoda; Lepidoptera; missing data; molecular phylogenetics; nuclear genes; taxon sampling ID CODON-SUBSTITUTION MODELS; PROTEIN-CODING SEQUENCES; MISSING DATA; NUCLEAR GENES; AMINO-ACID; DATA SETS; TAXA; EVOLUTION; ACCURACY; LIFE AB This paper addresses the question of whether one can economically improve the robustness of a molecular phylogeny estimate by increasing gene sampling in only a subset of taxa, without having the analysis invalidated by artifacts arising from large blocks of missing data. Our case study stems from an ongoing effort to resolve poorly understood deeper relationships in the large clade Ditrysia ( > 150,000 species) of the insect order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). Seeking to remedy the overall weak support for deeper divergences in an initial study based on five nuclear genes (6.6 kb) in 123 exemplars, we nearly tripled the total gene sample (to 26 genes, 18.4 kb) but only in a third (41) of the taxa. The resulting partially augmented data matrix (45% intentionally missing data) consistently increased bootstrap support for groupings previously identified in the five-gene (nearly) complete matrix, while introducing no contradictory groupings of the kind that missing data have been predicted to produce. Our results add to growing evidence that data sets differing substantially in gene and taxon sampling can often be safely and profitably combined. The strongest overall support for nodes above the family level came from including all nucleotide changes, while partitioning sites into sets undergoing mostly nonsynonymous versus mostly synonymous change. In contrast, support for the deepest node for which any persuasive molecular evidence has yet emerged (78-85% bootstrap) was weak or nonexistent unless synonymous change was entirely excluded, a result plausibly attributed to compositional heterogeneity. This node (Gelechioidea + Apoditrysia), tentatively proposed by previous authors on the basis of four morphological synapomorphies, is the first major subset of ditrysian superfamilies to receive strong statistical support in any phylogenetic study. A "more-genes-only" data set (41 taxax26 genes) also gave strong signal for a second deep grouping (Macrolepidoptera) that was obscured, but not strongly contradicted, in more taxon-rich analyses. C1 [Cho, Soowon; Mitter, Charles; Kawahara, Akito Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zwick, Andreas; Regier, Jerome C.; Yao, Jianxiu; Du, Zaile; Zhao, Hong] Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Biosyst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cummings, Michael P.] Univ Maryland, Lab Mol Evolut, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Weller, Susan] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Baixeras, Joaquin] Univ Valencia, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Valencia, Spain. [Brown, John W.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mitter, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM cmitter@umd.edu RI Parr, Cynthia/E-8013-2010; Baixeras, Joaquin/L-1734-2014; Zwick, Andreas/A-5735-2015 OI Parr, Cynthia/0000-0002-8870-7099; Baixeras, Joaquin/0000-0002-6092-0496; FU US National Science Foundation [0531626, 0531769, DEB 0515699]; Spanish Government (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion) [CGL2008-00605] FX Financial support was provided by the US National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program, award numbers 0531626 and 0531769; the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion) (CGL2008-00605 to J.B.); US National Science Foundation (DEB 0515699 to D. H. Janzen). NR 55 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 27 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1063-5157 EI 1076-836X J9 SYST BIOL JI Syst. Biol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 6 BP 782 EP 796 DI 10.1093/sysbio/syr079 PG 15 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 836ZO UT WOS:000296159900004 PM 21840842 ER PT J AU Eitel, JUH Williams, CJ Vierling, LA Al-Hamdan, OZ Pierson, FB AF Eitel, Jan U. H. Williams, C. Jason Vierling, Lee A. Al-Hamdan, Osama Z. Pierson, Frederick B. TI Suitability of terrestrial laser scanning for studying surface roughness effects on concentrated flow erosion processes in rangelands SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE Microtopography; Erosion prediction; Terrestrial laser scanning; TLS; Surface roughness; Concentrated flow formation ID SOIL-EROSION; OVERLAND-FLOW; PRESCRIBED-FIRE; IN-SITU; RUNOFF; WATER; HYDRAULICS; LANDSCAPE; JUNIPER AB Surface roughness is thought to affect concentrated flow erosion - a major mechanism of soil loss on disturbed rangelands. However, quantifying surface roughness in the field at appropriately fine spatial scales is laborious and the scale at which to conduct meaningful roughness measurements is difficult to discern. Rapid, objective, and repeatable field methods are therefore needed to accurately measure surface roughness across a range of spatial scales to advance our understanding and modeling of concentrated flow erosion processes. Surface roughness can be derived from surface topography mapped at the sub-cm level using a field-portable terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). To test the suitability of terrestrial laser scanning for studying surface roughness effects on erosion processes in rangelands, we used concentrated flow simulation techniques at 8.5 m(2) plots that were randomly placed at rangeland sites in southeastern Oregon and southwestern Idaho, USA. Local surface roughness (locRMSH) was calculated as the standard deviation of TLS mapped surface heights within moving windows varying in size from 30 x 30 to 90 x 90 mm. The mean locRMSH of the eroded area and entire plot were negatively correlated (r(2)>0.71, RMSE <95.97 g min(-1), and r(2)>0.74, RMSE <90.07 g min(-1) respectively) with concentrated flow erosion. The strength of the locRMSH-erosion relationship and regression model parameters were affected by the moving window size, emphasizing the scale dependence of the locRMSH-erosion relationship. Adjusting locRMSH for slope effects decreased the strength of the locRMSH-erosion relationship from r(2) <0.83 to <0.26. Our results indicate that TLS is a useful tool to enhance our current understanding of the effect of surface roughness on overland flow erosion processes and advance hydrologic and erosion model parameter development. Further research is needed to evaluate the locRMSH - concentrated flow erosion relationship over a wider range of soil properties, surface conditions, and spatial extents. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Eitel, Jan U. H.; Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Eitel, Jan U. H.] Univ Idaho, McCall Outdoor Sci Sch, Mccall, ID 83638 USA. [Williams, C. Jason; Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.; Pierson, Frederick B.] ARS, USDA, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Eitel, JUH (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM jeitel@vandals.uidaho.ed RI Al-Hamdan, Osama/C-6530-2012; Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010; OI Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983; Williams, Jason/0000-0002-6289-4789 FU Bureau of Land Management [L08AC14585]; Joint Fire Sciences Program FX This research was supported by the Research Grant Award No. L08AC14585 by the Bureau of Land Management. Portions of the field work were funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program. We would like to thank Patrick Kormos, Matt Frisby, Sam Finch, and Scott Havens for their assistance in the field. The authors are grateful to Fred Otley of Otley Brothers, Inc., for use of their property for the field experiments in Oregon and to John Caywood, Ada County Open Space and Trail Coordinator, for facilitating access to the burned site in Idaho. We thank Dan Friend, Eagle Fire Chief, and the staff of the Eagle Fire Department, Eagle, Idaho, for water access and assistance during our experiments at the Boise Front study site. The comments of Joanna Nield, one anonymous reviewer, and the Editor helped to improve this paper. Use of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 50 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD DEC PY 2011 VL 87 IS 3 BP 398 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2011.07.009 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 831ZH UT WOS:000295769100013 ER PT J AU Shelly, TE Kurashima, R Nishimoto, J Diaz, A Leathers, J War, M Joseph, D AF Shelly, Todd E. Kurashima, Rick Nishimoto, Jon Diaz, A. Leathers, J. War, M. Joseph, D. TI Capture of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in traps baited with liquid versus solid formulations of male lures SO JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera dorsalis; Bactrocera cucurbitae; Detection; Invasive pests; Trapping ID METHYL EUGENOL; CUE-LURE; SPECIES DIPTERA; FLY; HAWAII AB Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and B. cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important agricultural pests of the Pacific region. Detection and control of these species rely largely on traps baited with male-specific attractants (parapheromones), namely methyl eugenol for B. dorsalis and cue lure for B. cucurbitae. Presently, these lures (plus naled, an insecticide) are applied in liquid form, although this procedure is time-consuming, and naled as well as methyl eugenol may pose human health risks. Recently, a solid formulation (termed a wafer) has been developed that contains both male lures (plus DDVP, an insecticide), and here we present data from field tests in California and Hawaii that compare the effectiveness of liquid versus solid formulations of the lures in capturing marked, released males of these two Bactrocera species. For both species and in both California and Hawaii, traps baited with the solid formulation of the male lure captured similar or significantly more released flies than the liquid formulation for both fresh and aged baits. Traps in Hawaii also captured wild (unmarked) males of both B. dorsalis and B. cucurbitae, and the results obtained for wild flies were similar to those recorded for released flies for both species. Collectively, the results presented suggest that the solid dispenser of the male lures constitutes a reliable substitute for the liquid formulation in detecting incipient Bactrocera outbreaks. (C) Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection Society, 2011. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shelly, Todd E.; Kurashima, Rick; Nishimoto, Jon] USDA APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. [Diaz, A.; Joseph, D.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Anaheim, CA 92801 USA. [Leathers, J.; War, M.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Los Alamitos, CA 90720 USA. RP Shelly, TE (reprint author), USDA APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki St, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. EM todd.e.shelly@aphis.usda.gov NR 22 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 17 PU KOREAN SOC APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY PI SUWON PA NATL INST AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, DIVISION ENTOMOLOGY, RDA, 249 SEODUN-DONG, SUWON, 441-707, SOUTH KOREA SN 1226-8615 J9 J ASIA-PAC ENTOMOL JI J. Asia-Pac. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 14 IS 4 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1016/j.aspen.2011.07.006 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 829FI UT WOS:000295563600015 ER PT J AU Zhuang, H Savage, EM AF Zhuang, Hong Savage, Elizabeth M. TI Effect of postmortem deboning time on sensory descriptive flavor and texture profiles of cooked boneless skinless broiler thighs SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chicken thigh; Deboning time; Sensory flavor; Sensory texture ID WARNER-BRATZLER SHEAR; BREAST MEAT; ALLO-KRAMER; TENDERNESS; QUALITY; STORAGE; FILLETS; TESTS AB Three trials were conducted to investigate the effect of deboning times postmortem on sensory descriptive flavor and texture profiles of cooked boneless skinless chicken thigh muscles (iliotibialis, iliofibularis and the femoritibialis). Broiler carcasses (42-d old birds) were procured from a commercial processing plant. Thighs were hot-boned (about 45 min postmortem), cold-deboned 2 h (2 h) or 24 h (24 h) postmortem. Sensory descriptive tests were performed on cooked meat by 8 trained descriptive panelists using 0-15 universal intensity scale. Our results show that there were no significant differences in average intensity scores of the tested texture and flavor attributes between the hot-boned and 2 h thigh meat. No significant differences for the sensory flavor attributes were found due to three deboning times. However, the intensity scores of 24 h thighs were significantly lower than the hot-boned and 2 h thighs (p < 0.05) for the texture attributes hardness, cohesiveness of mass, bolus size and chewiness. The score of 24 h sample for the texture attribute cohesiveness was significantly lower than 2 h thighs, and did not differ from the hot-boned sample. These results suggest that the earlier deboning postmortem (within 2 h) does not result in the differences in flavor and texture profiles of cooked thigh meat. The time of thigh muscle removal within 24 h postmortem does not influence the flavor profiles of cooked meat; however, it can significantly affect the texture profiles. Cooked, 24-h deboned chicken thighs have different sensory texture properties from either cooked hot-boned or cooked 2-h deboned chicken thighs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhuang, Hong; Savage, Elizabeth M.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Zhuang, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM hong.zhuang@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 44 IS 10 BP 2087 EP 2090 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2011.07.011 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 823IN UT WOS:000295115800017 ER PT J AU Meng, FD Zhao, ZP Li, GX Suo, S Shi, N Yin, JC Zarlenga, D Ren, XF AF Meng, Fandan Zhao, Zeping Li, Guangxing Suo, Siqingaowa Shi, Na Yin, Jiechao Zarlenga, Dante Ren, Xiaofeng TI Bacterial expression of antigenic sites A and D in the spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and evaluation of their inhibitory effects on viral infection SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Coronavirus; TGEV; S protein; Antibody; Cell infection ID AMINOPEPTIDASE-N; CORONAVIRUS TGEV; MAJOR RECEPTOR; PORCINE; DETERMINANTS; GLYCOPROTEIN; BINDING AB The spike (S) protein is a key structural protein of coronaviruses including, the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The S protein is a type I membrane glycoprotein located in the viral envelope and is responsible for mediating the binding of viral particles to specific cell receptors and therefore specific cell types. It is also an important immune target for the host in neutralizing the virus. Four antigenic sites A, B, C, and D that reside near the N-terminal domain have been defined in the S protein. Of these, the region encoding antigenic sites A and to a lesser extent D, herein defined as S-AD, are most critical in eliciting host neutralizing antibodies. Herein, we enzymatically amplified, cloned, and expressed the S-AD fragment from TGEV in the prokaryotic expression vector, pET-30a. Maximum protein expression was achieved at 30A degrees C over a 5-h period post-induction. Rabbit polyclonal antiserum was generated using recombinant S-AD (rS-AD) protein. In contrast to prior studies showing no activity with bacterially produced S protein, results indicated that polyclonal serum recognized TGEV-infected cells and reduced infection by 100%. Furthermore, the truncated rS-AD peptide was able to bind to the surface of cells from swine testes in a competitive manner and completely inhibit viral infection. C1 [Meng, Fandan; Li, Guangxing; Suo, Siqingaowa; Shi, Na; Yin, Jiechao; Ren, Xiaofeng] NE Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Zeping] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Zarlenga, Dante] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ren, XF (reprint author), NE Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, 59 Mucai St, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. EM rxfemail@yahoo.com.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30972195]; Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine at Beijing University of Agriculture [TCVM-201103]; Heilongjiang Provincial University [1155-NCET-005]; Ministry of Education of P. R. China FX We thank Dr. Luis Enjuanes, CSIC, Madrid, Spain, for providing TGEV and Drs. Georg Herrler and Christel Schwegmann-Wessels, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany, for providing the S gene. This study is funded in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30972195). Additional funding is supported by the Open Project Program of Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine at Beijing University of Agriculture (TCVM-201103); the Program for New Century Excellent Talents at the Heilongjiang Provincial University (1155-NCET-005) and supported by the New Century Excellent Talents program from the Ministry of Education of P. R. China. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD DEC PY 2011 VL 43 IS 3 BP 335 EP 341 DI 10.1007/s11262-011-0637-1 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 822YJ UT WOS:000295086200003 PM 21701858 ER PT J AU Dhar, AK Kaizer, KN Betz, YM Harvey, TN Lakshman, DK AF Dhar, Arun K. Kaizer, Krista N. Betz, Yelena M. Harvey, Thomas N. Lakshman, Dilip K. TI Identification of the core sequence elements in Penaeus stylirostris densovirus promoters SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Penaeus stylirostris densovirus; IHHNV; Promoter elements; Shrimp ID HEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS VIRUS; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SHRIMP; DROSOPHILA; MONODON AB In silico analysis of three Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) promoters, designated P2, P11, and P61, revealed sequence motifs including the TATA box, downstream promoter element (DPE), GC- and A-rich regions, inverted repeat, activation sequence-1 like (ASL) box, and a conserved guanosine (G) at +24. To delineate the regulatory role of these motifs on promoter activity, deletion constructs were made in a promoter assay vector, pGL3 Basic, that contains a luciferase reporter gene. Luciferase assay showed that P2 had the highest promoter activity followed by P11 and P61 in Sf9 cells. The deletions of inverted repeat, DPE, and GC-rich regions in P2 had the highest negative impact on this promoter. Deletions of DPE, G at the +24, and ASL box in P11 had the highest negative impact on this promoter activity. In P61, DPE and G at +24 are the two key regulators of transcriptional activity. Identification of the key transcriptional regulators is important in understanding the PstDNV pathogenesis in shrimp. This information is also valuable in constructing shrimp viral promoter-based vectors for protein expression in insect cell culture system as well as in shrimp. C1 [Dhar, Arun K.; Kaizer, Krista N.; Betz, Yelena M.; Harvey, Thomas N.] Viracine Therapeut Corp, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Dhar, Arun K.] Adv BioNutr Corp, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Lakshman, Dilip K.] ARS, USDA, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dhar, AK (reprint author), Viracine Therapeut Corp, 7155-H Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. EM adhar@viracinetherapeutics.com FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Chemical and Biological Technologies Directorate Transformational Medical Technologies Initiative [HDTRA1-07-C-0078]; Advanced BioNutrition Corporation FX This project received support from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Chemical and Biological Technologies Directorate Transformational Medical Technologies Initiative under contract HDTRA1-07-C-0078. Advanced BioNutrition Corporation provided partial funding for this project. The authors thank Dr. Nikolai A. M. van Beek for technical assistance. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD DEC PY 2011 VL 43 IS 3 BP 367 EP 375 DI 10.1007/s11262-011-0648-y PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 822YJ UT WOS:000295086200008 PM 21811852 ER PT J AU Liang, ZC Owens, CL Zhong, GY Cheng, LL AF Liang, Zhenchang Owens, Christopher L. Zhong, Gan-Yuan Cheng, Lailiang TI Polyphenolic profiles detected in the ripe berries of Vitis vinifera germplasm SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Vitis vinifera; Polyphenols; Secondary metabolites; HPLC-MS ID GRAPE CULTIVARS; RED WINES; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; PHENOLIC COMPOSITION; TRANS-RESVERATROL; COLOR; CHROMATOGRAPHY; ANTHOCYANINS; MECHANISMS; BEVERAGES AB Polyphenolic profiles in the berry samples of 344 European grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars were evaluated for two consecutive years. These cultivars represent a diverse collection of V. vinifera germplasm maintained at the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Vitis Clonal Repository in Davis of California, USA. A total of 36 polyphenolic compounds, including 16 anthocyanins, 6 flavonols, 6 flavanols, 6 hydroxycinnamic acids and 2 hydroxybenzoic acids, were identified via HPLC-MS and quantified by HPLC-DAD. The mean contents for anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxybenzoic acids were 0.946 (coloured cultivars). 0.147, 0.043, 0.195 and 0.016 mg g(-1) FW, respectively. On average, wine grapes had higher concentrations than had table grapes for all of these compounds except hydroxycinnamic acids. Berry colours affected the total contents of anthocyanins, but not others. Positive correlations (0.151-0.535) were found among these groups of compounds. As expected, these groups of compounds were all negatively correlated with berry weight. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Owens, Christopher L.; Zhong, Gan-Yuan] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Liang, Zhenchang; Cheng, Lailiang] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Zhong, GY (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM ganyuan.zhong@ars.usda.gov; lc89@cornell.edu FU USDA-ARS; Cornell University FX We are grateful to Mr. Bernard Prins of the USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository for Fruit and Nut Crops in Davis, California for assistance in collecting berry samples. This work was supported through a Special Cooperative Agreement between USDA-ARS and Cornell University. NR 31 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 129 IS 3 BP 940 EP 950 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.05.050 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 805KY UT WOS:000293726500034 PM 25212322 ER PT J AU Renye, JA Somkuti, GA Garabal, JI Du, L AF Renye, J. A., Jr. Somkuti, G. A. Garabal, J. I. Du, L. TI Heterologous production of pediocin for the control of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy foods SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Lactic acid bacteria; Pediocin; Listeria monocytogenes ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; CONTROLLED GENE-EXPRESSION; LACTOCOCCUS-LACTIS; STREPTOCOCCUS-THERMOPHILUS; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SCOTT-A; NISIN; LACTOBACILLUS; RESISTANCE AB Pediocin is an antimicrobial peptide naturally produced by Pediococci with the potential to serve as a food-grade preservative for controlling Listeria contamination. The use of Pediococci in dairy products is limited due to their inability to ferment lactose, thus lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been considered as potential hosts for the heterologous production of pediocin. In this study the four gene operon (papA-D) required for pediocin production was cloned on the nisin-inducible expression vector pMSP3535H3. The resulting vector, pRSNPed2, was electrotransformed into Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis and Lactobacillus casei. Transformants containing the properly constructed vector were identified by PCR analysis and shown to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A. S. thermophilus transformants were all shown to constitutively express pediocin: however, in L lactis and L casei both constitutive and inducer-dependent expression was observed. In all cases nisin-induction resulted in optimal pediocin production. Transformants from each LAB host were also shown to inhibit the growth of L monocytogenes NR30, a nisin-resistant variant of L monocytogenes Scott A. These results suggest pediocin has the potential to serve as a hurdle component along with nisin for prevention of Listens contamination of foods. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Renye, J. A., Jr.; Somkuti, G. A.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Garabal, J. I.] Agr Res Ctr Mabegondo CIAM, Xunta De Galicia 15318, Abegondo, Spain. [Du, L.] Nanjing Univ Finance & Econ, Coll Food Sci & Engn, Nanjing, Peoples R China. RP Renye, JA (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM john.renye@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD DEC PY 2011 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1887 EP 1892 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.04.031 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 810AS UT WOS:000294098400014 ER PT J AU Foegeding, EA Davis, JP AF Foegeding, E. Allen Davis, Jack P. TI Food protein functionality: A comprehensive approach SO FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS LA English DT Article DE Protein; Protein functionality; Foams; Gels; Emulsions; Bioactivity; Allergenicity ID EGG-WHITE PROTEIN; BOVINE BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN; PEANUT ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; IGE-BINDING EPITOPES; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE; COWS MILK ALLERGY; COLD-SET GELS; WHEY-PROTEIN; ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN; BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES AB Food protein functionality has classically been viewed from the perspective of how single molecules or protein ingredients function in solutions and form simple colloidal structures. Based on this approach, tests on protein solutions are used to produce values for solubility, thermal stability, gelation, emulsifying, foaming, fat binding and water binding to name a few. While this approach is beneficial in understanding the properties of specific proteins and ingredients, it is somewhat restricted in predicting performance in real foods where the complexities of ingredients and processing operations have a significant affect on the colloidal structures and therefore overall properties of the final food product. In addition, focusing on proteins as just biopolymers used to create food structures ignores the biological functions of proteins in the diet. These can be beneficial, as in providing amino acids for protein synthesis or bioactive peptides, or these can be detrimental, as in causing a food allergic response. This review will focus on integrating the colloidal/polymer and biological aspects of protein functionality. This will be done using foams and gels to illustrate colloidal/polymer aspects and bioactive peptides and allergenicity to demonstrate biological function. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Foegeding, E. Allen; Davis, Jack P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioprocess & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Davis, Jack P.] ARS, USDA, Market Qual & Handling Res Unit, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Foegeding, EA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioprocess & Nutr Sci, 236 Schaub Hall,Campus Box 7624, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM allen_foegeding@ncsu.edu FU North Carolina Agricultural Research Service; Dairy Management Inc. FX "Paper No. FSR-10-36 of the Journal Series of the Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7624. Support from the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service and Dairy Management Inc. as administered by the Dairy Research Institute are gratefully acknowledged. The authors would like to thank Ms. Paige Luck for the technical assistance in preparing the manuscript. The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service of the products named nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned. NR 160 TC 69 Z9 75 U1 19 U2 161 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-005X J9 FOOD HYDROCOLLOID JI Food Hydrocolloids PD DEC PY 2011 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1853 EP 1864 DI 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.05.008 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 803KN UT WOS:000293580300008 ER PT J AU Webber, DF Mickelson, SK Whitman, BD Richard, TL Ahn, HK AF Webber, D. F. Mickelson, S. K. Whitman, B. D. Richard, T. L. Ahn, H. K. TI Livestock Manure Windrow Composting Runoff And Infiltration Characteristics from Laboratory Rainfall Simulations SO COMPOST SCIENCE & UTILIZATION LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHORUS LOSSES; SWINE MANURE; MASS-LOSS; NITROGEN; NUTRIENT; CATTLE; CARBON; LITTER; SOIL AB Windrow-composted livestock manure has been shown to be less hazardous to the environment compared to manure directly applied to cropland and other agricultural areas. Although offsite contaminant losses through runoff and leaching can occur during the composting process, these losses are suspected to increase under different compost moisture conditions and as composted materials mature. This research quantified the effects of windrow-composted livestock manure and straw bedding components on runoff and infiltration characteristics from laboratory rainfall simulations. Compost samples collected on three dates at approximately the beginning (day 0), middle (day 30), and end (day 60) of a June-July 2004 field research windrow composting period were used for this rainfall simulation study. Replicated compost windrow-shaped cross-section samples were constructed in a specially-designed Plexiglas container apparatus for viewing and recording infiltrated leachate wetting front position boundary movement from simulated rainfall events. Runoff and leachate samples were collected and analyzed for drainage volumes and concentrations and total mass losses of sediment, nitrate-nitrogen (NO(3)-N), and ortho-phosphorus (PO(4)-P) during and following rainfall simulation trials. Leachate wetting front position boundary movement was significantly lower for day 60 compost samples compared among day 0 and day 30 compost sample material. Drainage volume analysis results indicated significantly higher average runoff versus leachate volumes within all compost sampling dates, and runoff volumes were significantly higher among day 30 and day 60 compost samples compared to runoff volumes from day 0 compost samples. Average sediment, NO(3)-N, and PO(4)-P concentrations were significantly higher in leachate versus runoff within all compost sampling dates. Conversely, the total mass losses of these contaminants were significantly higher in runoff compared to leachate within all compost sampling dates. Results of this study suggest that biological and mechanical functions of the composting process reduced compost sample aggregates and increased compost bulk density. We hypothesize that these changes in compost material structure and porosity volume decreased infiltration and increased runoff sediment, NO(3)-N, and PO(4)-P losses during the second and final compost sampling stages of a field windrow composting period. C1 [Webber, D. F.; Mickelson, S. K.; Whitman, B. D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Richard, T. L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ahn, H. K.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Webber, DF (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM estaben@iastate.edu RI Richard, Tom/H-5058-2012 FU Iowa Department of Natural Resources FX Funding support for this research was provided by the Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Thanks to Mr. Marc P. Lott, Laboratory Mechanical Technician and shop manager, Iowa State University Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (ABE) Department, for his assistance in building the compost windrow cross-section container apparatus. Also thanks to Mr. Loren E. Shiers, Research Associate, Iowa State University ABE Department Water Quality Laboratory, for compost windrow cross-section drainage water sample sediment and nutrient analyses. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 12 PU JG PRESS, INC PI EMMAUS PA 419 STATE AVE, EMMAUS, PA 18049 USA SN 1065-657X J9 COMPOST SCI UTIL JI Compost Sci. Util. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 19 IS 1 BP 6 EP 14 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 740TP UT WOS:000288817600002 ER PT J AU Maier, GO Toft, JD Simenstad, CA AF Maier, Greer O. Toft, Jason D. Simenstad, Charles A. TI Variability in Isotopic (delta C-13, delta N-15, delta S-34) Composition of Organic Matter Contributing to Detritus-based Food Webs of the Columbia River Estuary SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; BENTHIC MICROALGAE; CARBON; NITROGEN; FLOW; PHYTOPLANKTON; PRODUCERS; SULFUR; TRACE; LAKES AB The use of stable isotopes has recently grown in studies of trophic structure and the recruitment and migration patterns of consumers. This type of analysis allows the flow of organic matter and trophic relationships to be outlined within complex systems. Although multiple stable isotope analysis is useful in distinguishing linkages between sources and consumers, its efficacy is contingent on the isotopic similarity within each source and the distinctiveness of producer isotope values. As part of a study investigating juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) food webs in the Columbia River estuary we examined the isotopic (delta C-13, delta N-15, and delta S-34) composition of five prominent primary producers. We sought to examine statistical variability of primary producer isotope values and its effects on differentiation between sources. We found that within-group isotopic variability occurs at different scales, related to the heterogeneous landscape in which producers grow. Aquatic and wetland vascular plants displayed the greatest range in isotopic composition while benthic algae and particulate organic matter were more constrained in their isotope signatures. When examining differences between groups we found that although delta C-13 was the most variable isotope ratio, it was also the most useful in distinguishing sources, especially benthic producers compared to water column and emergent producers. Signatures of delta N-15 and delta S-34 were most useful in differentiating benthic algal and vascular marsh plant groups. Isotopic composition along with chlorophyll and elemental composition was also useful in distinguishing phytoplankton samples from particulate organic matter (POM) samples. The type and extent of isotopic variability revealed by this study will help inform future food web studies using isotopes to characterize trophic linkages in large estuaries such as the Columbia River estuary. C1 [Maier, Greer O.; Toft, Jason D.; Simenstad, Charles A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Maier, GO (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 600 Sherbourne, Leavenworth, WA 98826 USA. EM gmaier@fs.fed.us FU Bonneville Power Administration; University of Washington FX We would like to thank Dr. Fred Prahl for his assistance during laboratory and data analysis. Financial support was provided by Bonneville Power Administration and the University of Washington. We would also like to acknowledge the Associate Editor and two anonymous reviewers for Northwest Science who greatly improved this manuscript. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 38 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 85 IS 1 BP 41 EP 54 DI 10.3955/046.085.0104 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 734CN UT WOS:000288310900004 ER PT J AU Rosenberger, AE Dunham, JB Buffington, JM Wipfli, MS AF Rosenberger, Amanda E. Dunham, Jason B. Buffington, John M. Wipfli, Mark S. TI Persistent Effects of Wildfire and Debris Flows on the Invertebrate Prey Base of Rainbow Trout in Idaho Streams SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FOOD WEBS; TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES; NORTH-AMERICA; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; INSECT COMMUNITIES; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; NATIONAL-PARK; WESTERN USA; FIRE AB Wildfire and debris flows are important physical and ecological drivers in headwater streams of western North America. Past research has primarily examined short-term effects of these disturbances; less is known about longer-term impacts. We investigated wildfire effects on the invertebrate prey base for drift-feeding rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) in Idaho headwater streams a decade after wildfire. Three stream types with different disturbance histories were examined: 1) unburned, 2) burned, and 3) burned followed by debris flows that reset channel morphology and riparian vegetation. The quantity of macroinvertebrate drift (biomass density) was more variable within than among disturbance categories. Average body weight and taxonomic richness of drift were significantly related to water temperature and influenced by disturbance history. During the autumn sampling period, the amount of terrestrial insects in rainbow trout diets varied with disturbance history and the amount of overhead canopy along the stream banks. Results indicate that there are detectable changes to macroinvertebrate drift and trout diet a decade after wildfire, and that these responses are better correlated with specific characteristics of the stream (water temperature, canopy cover) than with broad disturbance classes. C1 [Rosenberger, Amanda E.; Buffington, John M.] Univ Idaho, Ctr Ecohydraul Res, Dept Civil Engn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Dunham, Jason B.] USGS Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis Res Grp, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Wipfli, Mark S.] USFS Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific NW Res Stn, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Rosenberger, AE (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Div Fisheries, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM aerosenberger@alaska.edu FU National Fire Plan; U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Boise National Forest FX Funding for this work was provided by the National Fire Plan and the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, in cooperation with the Boise National Forest. Use of trade names is for reader information only and does not imply endorsement of any product or service by the U.S. Government. Thanks to M. Kellett, D. Horan, J. Benjamin, B. Nelson, D. Bolin, C. Cusack, T. Jongeward, T. Arrington, K. Bott, A. Golart, K. Bednarczyk, M. Beatty, and G. Tessmer for assistance in the field. Special thanks to R. Wisseman for his extraordinary efforts in carefully processing drift and diet samples and D. Nagel for offering his GIS expertise to provide canopy cover data for analysis. B. Gutierrez and B. Rieman provided helpful advice and comments on our study throughout its progress. Thanks to D. Turner for advice on, data analysis and interpretation. L. Orgill, W. Minshall, K. Polivka, and several anonymous reviewers provided helpful advice on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 47 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PI PULLMAN PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 85 IS 1 BP 55 EP 63 DI 10.3955/046.085.0105 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 734CN UT WOS:000288310900005 ER PT J AU Dalrymple, DG AF Dalrymple, Dana G. TI Borlaug, vol 1, Right off the Farm, 1914-1944 SO AGRICULTURAL HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Dalrymple, Dana G.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Dalrymple, Dana G.] USAID, Washington, DC USA. RP Dalrymple, DG (reprint author), USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI BERKELEY PA C/O JOURNALS & DIGITAL PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223 USA SN 0002-1482 J9 AGR HIST JI Agric. Hist. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 85 IS 1 BP 135 EP 136 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; History; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Agriculture; History; History & Philosophy of Science GA 703AQ UT WOS:000285946300031 ER PT J AU Dalrymple, DG AF Dalrymple, Dana G. TI Borlaug, vol 2, Wheat Whisperer, 1944-1959 SO AGRICULTURAL HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Dalrymple, Dana G.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Dalrymple, Dana G.] USAID, Washington, DC USA. RP Dalrymple, DG (reprint author), USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI BERKELEY PA C/O JOURNALS & DIGITAL PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223 USA SN 0002-1482 J9 AGR HIST JI Agric. Hist. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 85 IS 1 BP 135 EP 136 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; History; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Agriculture; History; History & Philosophy of Science GA 703AQ UT WOS:000285946300032 ER PT J AU Effland, AB AF Effland, Anne B. TI The Politics of Food Supply US Agricultural Policy in the World Economy SO AGRICULTURAL HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Effland, Anne B.] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Effland, AB (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI BERKELEY PA C/O JOURNALS & DIGITAL PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223 USA SN 0002-1482 J9 AGR HIST JI Agric. Hist. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 85 IS 1 BP 150 EP 151 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; History; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Agriculture; History; History & Philosophy of Science GA 703AQ UT WOS:000285946300045 ER PT J AU Beckman, J Keeney, R Tyner, W AF Beckman, Jayson Keeney, R. Tyner, W. TI Feed Demands and Coproduct Substitution in the Biofuel Era SO AGRIBUSINESS LA English DT Article AB The use of traditional feedstocks for biofuel production has brought about large changes to food and agricultural systems. As livestock producers adapt to rising feed costs, the prospect of incorporating dried distiller's grain with solubles (DDGS) at higher than traditional levels becomes an important consideration. Given prices for feedstuffs and supplies of DDGS that are outside the historical data range, forward-looking analyses of the agricultural economy (even those with explicit derived demands for livestock feed) are poorly equipped to represent the farm-and sector-level tradeoffs that will emerge. The authors' results indicate that DDGS demands are more responsive to price changes in energy-oriented feeds than protein, despite the predominant historic feeding use of DDGS as a protein supplement. They extend their empirical analysis to account for the role of heterogeneous DDGS feed quality, identifying this as a critical consideration for sector-level substitution patterns. The price elasticities they report from their two-stage farm-level feed mix simulation and sector-level cost function estimation offer a robust picture of feedstuffs substitution of the type necessary for understanding the livestock component of demand response in the biofuels era. [EconLit citations: D20; C61; C13]. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Beckman, Jayson] USDA, Washington, DC 20026 USA. [Keeney, R.; Tyner, W.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Beckman, J (reprint author), USDA, Washington, DC 20026 USA. EM JBeckman@ers.usda.gov; rkeeney@purdue.edu; wtyner@purdue.edu NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0742-4477 J9 AGRIBUSINESS JI Agribusiness PD WIN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1002/agr.20247 PG 18 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology GA 708YL UT WOS:000286400100001 ER PT J AU Muhammad, A AF Muhammad, Andrew TI Wine Demand in the United Kingdom and New World Structural Change: A Source-Disaggregated Analysis SO AGRIBUSINESS LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; ALCOHOL; MODEL; SYSTEM; TRADE; RED AB This study examines bottled wine demand in the United Kingdom (UK) by exporting country and assesses the structural adjustment in demand as indicated by the decline in imports since 2004. When comparing the two periods, 1995-2003 and 2005-2009, UK wine imports from Australia became more responsive to changes in aggregate wine expenditures (in real terms) in the latter period. The demand for French wines became more price inelastic in the latter period while the demand for other European wines became price elastic. If the UK government is concerned with decreasing alcohol consumption, an increase in the wine excise tax would lead to a relatively larger decrease in imports from Italy, Portugal, and Spain. The tax on French wines would lead to greater revenue, but a smaller decrease in French wine consumption. [EconLit citations: F14; Q11; Q17]. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Muhammad, A (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM amuhammad@ers.usda.gov NR 42 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0742-4477 J9 AGRIBUSINESS JI Agribusiness PD WIN PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 82 EP 98 DI 10.1002/agr.20250 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Business & Economics; Food Science & Technology GA 708YL UT WOS:000286400100006 ER PT J AU Li, RW Rinaldi, M Capuco, AV AF Li, Robert W. Rinaldi, Manuela Capuco, Anthony V. TI Characterization of the abomasal transcriptome for mechanisms of resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RNA-SEQ DATA; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS INFECTION; COOPERIA-ONCOPHORA; OSTERTAGIA-OSTERTAGI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MILK-PRODUCTION; FATTY-ACIDS; TNF-ALPHA; EXPRESSION; SHEEP AB The response of the abomasal transcriptome to gastrointestinal parasites was evaluated in parasite-susceptible and parasite-resistant Angus cattle using RNA-seq at a depth of 23.7 million sequences per sample. These cattle displayed distinctly separate resistance phenotypes as assessed by fecal egg counts. Approximately 65.3% of the 23 632 bovine genes were expressed in the fundic abomasum. Of these, 13 758 genes were expressed in all samples tested and likely represent core components of the bovine abomasal transcriptome. The gene (BT14427) with the most abundant transcript, accounting for 10.4% of sequences in the transcriptome, is located on chromosome 29 and has unknown functions. Additionally, PIGR (1.6%), Complement C3 (0.7%), and Immunoglobulin J chain (0.5%) were among the most abundant transcripts in the transcriptome. Among the 203 genes impacted, 64 were significantly over-expressed in resistant animals at a stringent cutoff (FDR < 5%). Among the 94 224 splice junctions identified, 133 were uniquely present: 90 were observed only in resistant animals, and 43 were present only in susceptible animals. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment of the genes under study uncovered an association with lipid metabolism, which was confirmed by an independent pathway analysis. Several pathways, such as FXR/RXR activation, LXR/RXR activation, LPS/IL-1 mediated inhibition of RXR function, and arachidonic acid metabolism, were impacted in resistant animals, which are potentially involved in the development of parasite resistance in cattle. Our results provide insights into the development of host immunity to gastrointestinal nematode infection and will facilitate understanding of mechanism underlying host resistance. C1 [Li, Robert W.; Capuco, Anthony V.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rinaldi, Manuela] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Dept Virol Parasitol & Immunol, Ghent, Belgium. RP Li, RW (reprint author), ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Robert.Li@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 EI 1297-9716 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD NOV 30 PY 2011 VL 42 AR 114 DI 10.1186/1297-9716-42-114 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 878KS UT WOS:000299256400001 PM 22129081 ER PT J AU Werner, SJ Tupper, SK Pettit, SE Carlson, JC Linz, GM AF Werner, Scott J. Tupper, Shelagh K. Pettit, Susan E. Carlson, James C. Linz, George M. TI Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications SO APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Branta canadensis; Chemical repellent; Cynomys ludovicianus; Eremophila alpestris; Feeding behavior; Phasianus colchicus ID REGISTERED PESTICIDES; PETROICA-AUSTRALIS; MICROTUS-ARVALIS; PEST-CONTROL; EFFICACY; COLOR; BAITS; RICE; AVOIDANCE; HAZARDS AB We evaluated anthraquinone as an avian repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications. We observed zero mortalities and no overt signs of zinc phosphide toxicosis among 20 Canada geese (Branta canadensis), 24 horned larks (Eremophila alpestris), and 47 ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) offered baits treated with 1% or 2% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide (target concentrations; wt/wt) during laboratory performance experiments. Thus, anthraquinone successfully prevented consumption of 2% zinc phosphide baits among non-target birds in captivity. We observed 10% mortality among black-tailed prairie dogs (i.e., target rodent; Cynomys ludovicianus) offered oats treated with 1% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide, and 30% mortality among black-tailed prairie dogs offered oats treated with 2% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide. Upon completion of our experiments, chemical analyses indicated that actual concentrations were 1.66% and 1.45% zinc phosphide among oats treated with 1% anthraquinone + 2% zinc phosphide, and 2% anthraquinone + 2% zinc phosphide, respectively. We observed 24-37% repellency during a concentration-response test with black-tailed prairie dogs offered corn seeds treated with 0.5-4% anthraquinone (target concentrations; wt/wt). Thus, anthraquinone may affect consumption of repellent-treated rodenticide baits for black-tailed prairie dogs. Supplemental performance testing and field efficacy studies (e.g., 0.25-0.5% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide, actual concentrations; wt/wt) are necessary for further development of an efficacious, bird-repellent rodenticide bait. Published by Elsevier B.V.. C1 [Werner, Scott J.; Tupper, Shelagh K.; Pettit, Susan E.; Carlson, James C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Linz, George M.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,N Dakota Field Stn, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA. RP Werner, SJ (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Scott.J.Werner@aphis.usda.gov OI Tupper, Shelagh/0000-0002-9936-487X FU Arkion Life Sciences (New Castle, DE, USA); South Dakota Department of Agriculture (Pierre, SD, USA) FX Arkion Life Sciences (New Castle, DE, USA) provided financial support for our experiments with Canada geese. The South Dakota Department of Agriculture (Pierre, SD, USA) provided financial support for our experiments with horned larks, ring-necked pheasants, and black-tailed prairie dogs. We thank Michael Blume (South Dakota Department of Agriculture) for coordinating the formulation and transportation of oat baits for our laboratory performance experiments. Corporate collaborations do not imply endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. We thank D. Goldade (NWRC, Fort Collins, CO, USA), R. Larson (South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA), and L. Song (Hacco, Inc., Randolph, WI, USA) for providing analytical chemistry services. We sincerely appreciate the technical assistance provided by B. Larson during our prairie dog experiments, and the professional care provided by the NWRC animal care staff for all experimental subjects during quarantine and holding. We also thank K.E. Horak and M.E. Tobin for their thoughtful review of our manuscript. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1591 J9 APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI JI Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. PD NOV 30 PY 2011 VL 135 IS 1-2 BP 146 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.applanim.011.09.009 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA 859SN UT WOS:000297896200018 ER PT J AU Cao, HX Vervoort, RW Dabney, SM AF Cao, Hongxia Vervoort, R. Willem Dabney, Seth M. TI Variation in curve numbers derived from plot runoff data for New South Wales (Australia) SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE rainfall runoff response; curve numbers; plot-scale; NEH630; maximum potential retention; Australia ID GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; REACHED MATURITY; LIVERPOOL PLAINS; LOESS PLATEAU; GENERATION; VEGETATION; CATCHMENT; MODELS; CHINA; AREA AB The curve number method is a simple one parameter (the curve number) rainfall runoff model. While its theoretical underpinning has been questioned it remains a powerful hydrological tool in the absence of detailed data and is therefore used extensively in hydrological models. This study aims to characterize the variation in maximum retention values (S), which underlie curve numbers, for a range of agricultural treatments across a large spatial area in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The data used for the analysis spans several decades of rainfall runoff observations. A range of different derivation methods result in variation in mean and variance of S. In particular, methods that emphasize the larger storms result in greater S and thus lower runoff. For larger spatial scales, emphasis on larger storms gives more reliable estimates of S. Systematic variation in S arises from variations in treatment, pre-runoff soil moisture, rainfall depth, and variations in cover. On the basis of the analysis, a table of curve number values for different land uses found in NSW is presented. C1 [Vervoort, R. Willem] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr Food & Nat Resources, Hydrol Res Lab, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Cao, Hongxia] NW A&F Univ, Coll Water Conservancy & Architectural Engn, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Dabney, Seth M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Vervoort, RW (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Agr Food & Nat Resources, Hydrol Res Lab, Bldg C81, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM willem.vervoort@sydney.edu.au RI Vervoort, Rutger/A-8247-2008 OI Vervoort, Rutger/0000-0002-6557-0237 FU China Scholarship Council FX The authors would like to thank Dr C. Rosewell for making the NSW SOILOSS database available for this research and Dr Floris van Ogtrop and Dr Carina Moeller for statistical advice and critical review of drafts of the paper. The research on which this paper is based was initiated during the first author's (HC) stay at The University of Sydney in 2006 and made possible through a study leave grant from the China Scholarship Council. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD NOV 29 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 24 BP 3774 EP 3789 DI 10.1002/hyp.8102 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 851DA UT WOS:000297247300008 ER PT J AU Miller, SD Goulden, ML Hutyra, LR Keller, M Saleska, SR Wofsy, SC Figueira, AMS da Rocha, HR de Camargo, PB AF Miller, Scott D. Goulden, Michael L. Hutyra, Lucy R. Keller, Michael Saleska, Scott R. Wofsy, Steven C. Silva Figueira, Adelaine Michela da Rocha, Humberto R. de Camargo, Plinio B. TI Reduced impact logging minimally alters tropical rainforest carbon and energy exchange SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Brazil; Amazon; land use; micrometeorology ID TAPAJOS NATIONAL FOREST; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; EASTERN AMAZON; DEFORESTATION; FLUXES; DAMAGE; DYNAMICS; BIOMASS; SUSTAINABILITY; MANAGEMENT AB We used eddy covariance and ecological measurements to investigate the effects of reduced impact logging (RIL) on an old-growth Amazonian forest. Logging caused small decreases in gross primary production, leaf production, and latent heat flux, which were roughly proportional to canopy loss, and increases in heterotrophic respiration, tree mortality, and wood production. The net effect of RIL was transient, and treatment effects were barely discernable after only 1 y. RIL appears to provide a strategy for managing tropical forest that minimizes the potential risks to climate associated with large changes in carbon and water exchange. C1 [Miller, Scott D.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Goulden, Michael L.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Hutyra, Lucy R.] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Keller, Michael] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR 00928 USA. [Saleska, Scott R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Wofsy, Steven C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [da Rocha, Humberto R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Atmospher Sci, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Camargo, Plinio B.] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Energia Nucl Agr, BR-13416000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Miller, SD (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA. EM smiller@albany.edu RI Keller, Michael/A-8976-2012; Camargo, Plinio/D-6635-2012 OI Keller, Michael/0000-0002-0253-3359; FU Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas; US National Aeronautics and Space Administration [Goddard NCC5-280]; Harvard University [NNG06GG69A]; State University of New York at Albany [NNG06GD29A] FX We thank Mary Menton, Antonio Oviedo, Helber Freitas, Marcy Litvak, Edward Lloyd Read, Robert Elliot, Chris Doughty, Dan Hodkinson, Lisa Zweede, Bethany Reed, and Johan Zweede for logistical and field support; the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Resources, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais for agency support; Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas for student stipends; the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology for their leadership of the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia; and Brazil's National Institute for Amazon Research for their management of that program. This work was supported by the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration Awards to the University of California at Irvine (Goddard NCC5-280), Harvard University (NNG06GG69A), and the State University of New York at Albany (NNG06GD29A). NR 54 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 40 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 29 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 48 BP 19431 EP 19435 DI 10.1073/pnas.1105068108 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 853ZB UT WOS:000297463100066 PM 22087005 ER PT J AU Denton, TT Hardcastle, KI Dowd, MK Kiely, DE AF Denton, Travis T. Hardcastle, Kenneth I. Dowd, Michael K. Kiely, Donald E. TI Characterization of D-glucaric acid using NMR, X-ray crystal structure, and MM3 molecular modeling analyses SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE D-Glucaric acid; Characterization; NMR; X-ray; Molecular mechanics ID FORCE-FIELD; CONFORMATIONS; DERIVATIVES; MECHANICS; SPECTRA; HYDROCARBONS AB D-Glucaric acid was characterized in solution by comparing NMR spectra from the isotopically unlabeled molecule with those from D-glucaric acid labeled with deuterium or carbon-13 atoms. The NMR studies provided unequivocal assignments for all carbon atoms and non-hydroxyl protons of the molecule. The crystal structure of D-glucaric acid was obtained by X-ray diffraction techniques and the structure was a close match to the low energy conformation generated from a Monte-Carlo-based searching protocol employing the MM3 molecular mechanics program. The molecule adopts a bent structure in both the crystalline and computationally generated lowest-energy structure, a conformation that is devoid of destabilizing eclipsed 1,3-hydroxyl interactions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Denton, Travis T.; Kiely, Donald E.] Univ Montana, Shafizadeh Rocky Mt Ctr Wood & Carbohydrate Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Hardcastle, Kenneth I.] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Crystallog Lab, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dowd, Michael K.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70126 USA. RP Kiely, DE (reprint author), Univ Montana, Shafizadeh Rocky Mt Ctr Wood & Carbohydrate Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM travis.denton@mail.ewu.edu; don@rivertop.com FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA-CSRESS) [2005-34463-11561, 2006-34463-16886] FX Partial support for this research was from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA-CSRESS), Grant Nos. 2005-34463-11561 and 2006-34463-16886 and is gratefully acknowledged. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0008-6215 J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD NOV 29 PY 2011 VL 346 IS 16 BP 2551 EP 2557 DI 10.1016/j.carres.2011.08.016 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 850IS UT WOS:000297188900004 PM 22015400 ER PT J AU Nelson, LA Scheffer, SJ Yeates, DK AF Nelson, Leigh A. Scheffer, Sonja J. Yeates, David K. TI Three new species of Fergusonina Malloch gall-flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) from terminal leaf bud galls on Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) in south-eastern Australia SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Fergusonina; Fergusoninidae; Diptera; mutualism; nematode; Eucalyptus ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA; 1ST RECORD; NEOTYLENCHIDAE; TYLENCHIDA; NEMATODA; ASSOCIATIONS; COMPLEX AB Three new species of Fergusonina (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) flies are described from terminal leaf bud galls on Eucalyptus L'Hcr. from south eastern Australia. Fergusonina omlandi Nelson and Yeates sp. nov. is the first species of fly from the genus Fergusonina to be described from the Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng. (Snow Gum) species complex; although another two species occur in sympatry on this host at higher elevations. Fergusonina omlandi sp. nov. can be distinguished from the latter by differences in adult size and markings on the mesonotum and morphology of the dorsal shield of the larva. The other new species, Fergusonina williamensis Nelson and Yeates sp. nov. and Fergusonina thornhilli Nelson and Yeates sp. nov. are the first flies to be described from Eucalyptus baxteri (Benth.) Maiden & Blakely and Eucalyptus dalrympleana Maiden, respectively. These two species can be distinguished from all other described Fergusonina by host specificity, adult colour and setation and morphology of the dorsal shield. C1 [Nelson, Leigh A.; Yeates, David K.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia. [Scheffer, Sonja J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nelson, LA (reprint author), CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Clunies Ross St, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia. EM Leigh.Nelson@csiro.au; Sonja.Scheffer@ars.usda.gov; David.Yeates@csiro.au RI Yeates, David/A-9917-2008 OI Yeates, David/0000-0001-7729-6143 NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 29 PY 2011 IS 3112 BP 36 EP 48 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 861TK UT WOS:000298041900002 ER PT J AU Saatchi, M McClure, MC McKay, SD Rolf, MM Kim, J Decker, JE Taxis, TM Chapple, RH Ramey, HR Northcutt, SL Bauck, S Woodward, B Dekkers, JCM Fernando, RL Schnabel, RD Garrick, DJ Taylor, JF AF Saatchi, Mahdi McClure, Mathew C. McKay, Stephanie D. Rolf, Megan M. Kim, JaeWoo Decker, Jared E. Taxis, Tasia M. Chapple, Richard H. Ramey, Holly R. Northcutt, Sally L. Bauck, Stewart Woodward, Brent Dekkers, Jack C. M. Fernando, Rohan L. Schnabel, Robert D. Garrick, Dorian J. Taylor, Jeremy F. TI Accuracies of genomic breeding values in American Angus beef cattle using K-means clustering for cross-validation SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; DAIRY-CATTLE; HOLSTEIN POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; SELECTION; IMPACT; INFORMATION; PREDICTION; RELIABILITY; GENOTYPES AB Background: Genomic selection is a recently developed technology that is beginning to revolutionize animal breeding. The objective of this study was to estimate marker effects to derive prediction equations for direct genomic values for 16 routinely recorded traits of American Angus beef cattle and quantify corresponding accuracies of prediction. Methods: Deregressed estimated breeding values were used as observations in a weighted analysis to derive direct genomic values for 3570 sires genotyped using the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip. These bulls were clustered into five groups using K-means clustering on pedigree estimates of additive genetic relationships between animals, with the aim of increasing within-group and decreasing between-group relationships. All five combinations of four groups were used for model training, with cross-validation performed in the group not used in training. Bivariate animal models were used for each trait to estimate the genetic correlation between deregressed estimated breeding values and direct genomic values. Results: Accuracies of direct genomic values ranged from 0.22 to 0.69 for the studied traits, with an average of 0.44. Predictions were more accurate when animals within the validation group were more closely related to animals in the training set. When training and validation sets were formed by random allocation, the accuracies of direct genomic values ranged from 0.38 to 0.85, with an average of 0.65, reflecting the greater relationship between animals in training and validation. The accuracies of direct genomic values obtained from training on older animals and validating in younger animals were intermediate to the accuracies obtained from K-means clustering and random clustering for most traits. The genetic correlation between deregressed estimated breeding values and direct genomic values ranged from 0.15 to 0.80 for the traits studied. Conclusions: These results suggest that genomic estimates of genetic merit can be produced in beef cattle at a young age but the recurrent inclusion of genotyped sires in retraining analyses will be necessary to routinely produce for the industry the direct genomic values with the highest accuracy. C1 [Saatchi, Mahdi; Dekkers, Jack C. M.; Fernando, Rohan L.; Garrick, Dorian J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [McClure, Mathew C.; McKay, Stephanie D.; Rolf, Megan M.; Kim, JaeWoo; Decker, Jared E.; Taxis, Tasia M.; Chapple, Richard H.; Ramey, Holly R.; Schnabel, Robert D.; Taylor, Jeremy F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [McClure, Mathew C.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Northcutt, Sally L.] Amer Angus Assoc, St Joseph, MO 64506 USA. [Bauck, Stewart; Woodward, Brent] Merial Ltd, Igen Livestock Business Unit, Duluth, MN USA. [Garrick, Dorian J.] Massey Univ, Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci, Palmerston North, New Zealand. RP Garrick, DJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dorian@iastate.edu; taylorjerr@missouri.edu OI Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641; Decker, Jared/0000-0001-5685-7343; Garrick, Dorian/0000-0001-8640-5372 NR 40 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 2 U2 25 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0999-193X EI 1297-9686 J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 43 AR 40 DI 10.1186/1297-9686-43-40 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 872VC UT WOS:000298836800001 PM 22122853 ER PT J AU Kim, DK Lillehoj, H Min, W Kim, CH Park, MS Hong, YH Lillehoj, EP AF Kim, Duk Kyung Lillehoj, Hyun Min, Wongi Kim, Chul Hong Park, Myeong Seon Hong, Yeong Ho Lillehoj, Erik P. TI Comparative Microarray Analysis of Intestinal Lymphocytes following Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, or E. tenella Infection in the Chicken SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; BROILER-CHICKENS; CDNA MICROARRAY; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; COCCIDIOSIS AB Relative expression levels of immune-and non-immune-related mRNAs in chicken intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes experimentally infected with Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, or E. tenella were measured using a 10K cDNA microarray. Based on a cutoff of >2.0-fold differential expression compared with uninfected controls, relatively equal numbers of transcripts were altered by the three Eimeria infections at 1, 2, and 3 days post-primary infection. By contrast, E. tenella elicited the greatest number of altered transcripts at 4, 5, and 6 days post-primary infection, and at all time points following secondary infection. When analyzed on the basis of up-or down-regulated transcript levels over the entire 6 day infection periods, approximately equal numbers of up-regulated transcripts were detected following E. tenella primary (1,469) and secondary (1,459) infections, with a greater number of down-regulated mRNAs following secondary (1,063) vs. primary (890) infection. On the contrary, relatively few mRNA were modulated following primary infection with E. acervulina (35 up, 160 down) or E. maxima (65 up, 148 down) compared with secondary infection (E. acervulina, 1,142 up, 1,289 down; E. maxima, 368 up, 1,349 down). With all three coccidia, biological pathway analysis identified the altered transcripts as belonging to the categories of "Disease and Disorder" and "Physiological System Development and Function". Sixteen intracellular signaling pathways were identified from the differentially expressed transcripts following Eimeria infection, with the greatest significance observed following E. acervulina infection. Taken together, this new information will expand our understanding of host-pathogen interactions in avian coccidiosis and contribute to the development of novel disease control strategies. C1 [Kim, Duk Kyung; Lillehoj, Hyun; Kim, Chul Hong; Park, Myeong Seon] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju, South Korea. [Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Life Sci Res Inst, Jinju, South Korea. [Hong, Yeong Ho] Chung Ang Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Anseong, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Erik P.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Kim, DK (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366 FU ARS in-house CRIS [1265-32000-086]; WCU through the National Research Foundation of Korea [R33-10013]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of Korea; Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ008084] FX This project was supported, in part, by an ARS in-house CRIS project 1265-32000-086, the WCU Program (R33-10013) through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of Korea and a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (No. PJ008084), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e27712 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0027712 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 863KW UT WOS:000298163400013 PM 22140460 ER PT J AU Moraes, MP Diaz-San Segundo, F Dias, CC Pena, L Grubman, MJ AF Moraes, Mauro Pires Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna Dias, Camila C. Pena, Lindomar Grubman, Marvin J. TI Increased efficacy of an adenovirus-vectored foot-and-mouth disease capsid subunit vaccine expressing nonstructural protein 2B is associated with a specific T cell response SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Foot-and-mouth disease virus; Replication-defective human adenovirus; vectored vaccines; FMDV protein 2B; T cell response; FMDV serotype O1 Campos ID PRECURSOR POLYPEPTIDE P1; VIRUS FMDV; ACUTE INFECTION; EMERGENCY VACCINATION; PARTIAL PROTECTION; INACTIVATED FMDV; INTERFERON-ALPHA; CARRIER STATE; IN-VITRO; SWINE AB We previously demonstrated that an adenovirus-based foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A24 capsid subunit vaccine, Ad5-A24, expressed under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter (CMV) can protect swine and bovines against homologous challenge, but in a similar approach using swine vaccinated with an Ad5-vectored FMDV O1 Campos vaccine, Ad5-O1C, the animals were only partially protected when challenged at 21 days post-vaccination (dpv). Recently, we demonstrated that inclusion of the complete coding region of nonstructural protein 28 in the Ad5-A24 vector resulted in improved immune responses in pigs. We also found that inclusion of a modified CMV promoter (pCI), Ad5-CI-A24-2B, enhanced the efficacy of the vector. To address the limited immunogenicity of Ad5-O1C, we have produced a new set of Ad5 vectors with the complete 2B coding region under the control of either the original or the modified version of the CMV promoter, Ad5-O1C-2B, or Ad5-CI-O1C-2B, respectively, To evaluate the potency and efficacy of the new vectors we performed 2 sets of experiments in cattle. In the first experiment we compared the original vector with vectors containing the pCI promoter and partial or full-length 2B. All groups were challenged, intradermally in the tongue, at 21 dpv with FMDV O1C. We found that in all vaccinated groups 2 of 4 animals were protected from clinical disease. In the second experiment we directly compared the efficacy of vectors with a partial or full-length 2B under the control of the original CMV promoter. While all animals in the control group developed clinical disease, 2 of 4 animals in the group receiving Ad5-O1C vaccine and 3 of 4 animals in the group receiving Ad5-O1C-2B vaccine were completely protected after challenge. We also observed a 100-fold reduction of virus shedding in Ad5-O1C vaccinated animals and the group receiving Ad5-O1C-2B had an additional 10-fold reduction compared with the Ad5-O1C vaccinated group. There was no difference in the level of neutralizing antibodies in the vaccinated groups. However, we detected a significant antigen specific-CD(4+) and CD8(+) T cell response as early as 1 day post-challenge (dpc) in both Ad5-O1C and Ad5-O1C-2B groups. Interestingly, the group receiving Ad5-O1C-2B had a statistically significant higher antigen specific-CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response at 5 dpc and 3 and 5 dpc, respectively, as compared to the Ad5-O1C inoculated group. These results indicate that inclusion of the complete 2B coding region improves the efficacy of Ad5 vaccines against FMDV serotype O and induces specific-CD4(+). and CD8(+) T cell responses that correlate with protection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moraes, Mauro Pires; Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Dias, Camila C.; Pena, Lindomar; Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, NAA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Moraes, Mauro Pires] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT USA. [Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Dias, Camila C.; Pena, Lindomar] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Grubman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, NAA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM marvin.grubman@ars.usda.gov FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; CRIS [1940-32000-053-00D]; Department of Homeland Security [60-1940-7-47] FX This work was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (appointments of Fayna Diaz-San Segundo, Camila C. Dias, and Lindomar Pena), by reimbursable agreement #60-1940-7-47 with the Department of Homeland Security (M.J. Grubman), and by CRIS Project Number 1940-32000-053-00D, ARS, USDA (M.J. Grubman). We thank Teresa de los Santos for critical reading of the manuscript and the Plum Island animal caretakers for their professional assistance with the animals. NR 64 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 51 BP 9431 EP 9440 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.037 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 868NC UT WOS:000298529000005 PM 22027486 ER PT J AU Higgins, J Camp, P Farrell, D Bravo, D Pate, M Robbe-Austerman, S AF Higgins, James Camp, Patrick Farrell, David Bravo, Doris Pate, Mateja Robbe-Austerman, Suelee TI Identification of Mycobacterium spp. of veterinary importance using rpoB gene sequencing SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID AVIUM SUBSP PARATUBERCULOSIS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; SP-NOV.; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; COMPLEX; DIFFERENTIATION; PROPOSAL; IS1245; SYSTEM AB Background: Studies conducted on Mycobacterium spp. isolated from human patients indicate that sequencing of a 711 bp portion of the rpoB gene can be useful in assigning a species identity, particularly for members of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Given that MAC are important pathogens in livestock, companion animals, and zoo/exotic animals, we were interested in evaluating the use of rpoB sequencing for identification of Mycobacterium isolates of veterinary origin. Results: A total of 386 isolates, collected over 2008 - June 2011 from 378 animals (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) underwent PCR and sequencing of a similar to 711 bp portion of the rpoB gene; 310 isolates (80%) were identified to the species level based on similarity at >= 98% with a reference sequence. The remaining 76 isolates (20%) displayed < 98% similarity with reference sequences and were assigned to a clade based on their location in a neighbor-joining tree containing reference sequences. For a subset of 236 isolates that received both 16S rRNA and rpoB sequencing, 167 (70%) displayed a similar species/clade assignation for both sequencing methods. For the remaining 69 isolates, species/clade identities were different with each sequencing method. Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis was the species most frequently isolated from specimens from pigs, cervids, companion animals, cattle, and exotic/zoo animals. Conclusions: rpoB sequencing proved useful in identifying Mycobacterium isolates of veterinary origin to clade, species, or subspecies levels, particularly for assemblages (such as the MAC) where 16S rRNA sequencing alone is not adequate to demarcate these taxa. rpoB sequencing can represent a cost-effective identification tool suitable for routine use in the veterinary diagnostic laboratory. C1 [Higgins, James; Camp, Patrick; Farrell, David; Bravo, Doris; Robbe-Austerman, Suelee] USDA APHIS, Mycobacteria & Brucella Sect, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Pate, Mateja] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Vet, Inst Microbiol & Parasitol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Higgins, J (reprint author), USDA APHIS, Mycobacteria & Brucella Sect, Natl Vet Serv Labs, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM James.A.Higgins@aphis.usda.gov NR 35 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD NOV 25 PY 2011 VL 7 AR 77 DI 10.1186/1746-6148-7-77 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 872XY UT WOS:000298846000001 PM 22118247 ER EF